opening the Mouths of the Vessels THese Galen thought to be hot but of thick parts and biting Let none admire that thickness should be attributed to Medicines of an opening substance seeing thickness seems rather to stop than to open For answer to this you must consider the manner of opening obstructions and of opening the mouths of the Vessels is different Obstructions require cutting Medicines by which the thickness of the matter obstructing is made thinner therefore the Medicine ought not to be thick but of thin substance that it may the better penetrate I do not mean of a thin Body like water for that causeth Obstructions rather then take them away but of thin parts viz. Making thin But those Medicines which are said to open the mouths or passages of the Vessels are of thick parts that they may not only penetrate but also strengthen the passages by which they pass therefore Galen besides heat appointed thickness of parts and sharpness or biting as Pepper bites for such a sharp heat is very effectual to penetrate and cannot stop in the least for although the Skin be easily contracted by gentle Medicines the Vessels cannot be shut but by things vehemently binding and therefore let these Medicines of thick substance be also moist for moisture cannot so forcibly bind as to stop the mouths of the Vessels The Use of opening Medicines may be easily gathered from the use of the Vessels to be opened for seeing their use is to hold Blood which sometimes offend in quantity sometimes in quality such infirmities are to be remedied by opening Medicines They are easily known by tast being sharp and piercing and bite the tongue but such as are stopping are cold and binding and contract the tongue in tasting of them CHAP. 6. Of Attenuating Medicines THe use of Attenuating Medicines is to open the obstructions of the Bowels The Bowels are obstructed or stopped by tough and viscus humors hence then it is cleer that Attenuating or Extenuating Medicines ought to be thin of substance but whether they ought all to be hot or not is some question for indeed many cold Medicines cut tough humors and open obstructions as Vinegar Endive Succory and the like I shall not enter into the Dispute here whether all cold things bind or not and therefore some hold Vinegar to be hot in it self and cool only by accedent we know Wine is hot and Vinegar is nothing but corrupted Wine and we know as well that putrifaction turns things usually into a contrary quality and besides if you ask Physitians how one Simple can perform two contrary operations they presently run into the old bush It doth it say they by a hidden quality The use of Attenuating Medicines is to open the Bowels to clense the Breast of Flegm co expel the Terms c. Your best course is first to clense the body by some gentle purge before you use Attenuating Medicines lest they seise upon the Blood and cause Feavers or other mischeifs as bad They are in tast sharp sowr or bitter yet such as being tasted dilate the tongue and contract it not Chap. 7. Of Drawing Medicines THe Opinion of Physitians is concerning these as it is concerning other Medicines viz. Some draw by a manifest quality some by a hidden and so quoth they they draw to themselves both humors and thorns or splinters that are gotten into the Flesh however this is certain they are all of them hot and of thin parts hot because the Nature of heat is to draw of thin parts that so they may penetrate to the humors that are to be drawn out Their Use is various viz. 1. That the Bowels may be disburthened of corrupt humors 2. Outwardly used by them the offending humor I should have said the Peccant humor had I written only to Scholers is called from the internal parts of the Body to the Superficies 3. By them the Crisis of a Disease is much helped forward 4. They are exceeding profitable to draw forth Poyson out of the Body 5. Parts of the Body overcooled are cured by these Medicines viz. By applying them outwardly to the place not only because they heat but also because they draw the spirits by which life and and heat are cherished to the part of the Body which is destitute of them you cannot but konw that many times parts of the Body fall away in Flesh and their strength decays as in some peoples Arms or Legs or the like the usual Reason is Because the vital Spirit decaies in those parts to which use such Plaisters or Oyntments as are attractive which is the Physical term for drawing Medicines for they do not only cherish the parts by their own proper heat but draw the Vital and Natural spirits thither whereby they are both quickned and nourished They are known almost by the same tokens that Attenuating Medicines are seeing Heat and thinness of parts is in them both they differ only in respect of quantity thinness of parts being most proper to Attenuating Medicines but Attractive Medicines are hotter Chap. 8. Of Discussive Medicines BY Discussive Medicines I intend such as the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 commonly Physitians call them by the names of Diaphoreticks in plain English they are such Medicines as provoke Sweat or as work by insensible transpiraton which is another term they give to Sweating I quote these terms and explain them because I would not have my Country-men hood-wink'd with strange terms I am half of Opinion it is one way by which they are trained up in slavery The nature of Discussing or Sweating Medicines is almost the same with Attractive for there are no discussive Medicines but are attractive nor scarce any attractive Medicine but is in some measure or other discussing The difference then is only this That discussive Medicines is hotter than attractive and therefore nothing else need be written of their nature Their Use may be known even from their very Name for diseases that come by repletion or fulness are cured by evacuation or emptying yet neither Blood nor gross humors are to be expelled by Sweating or insensible transpiration as they call it but the one requires Blood-letting the other Purgation but Serosus or thin humors and filthy vapors and such like superfluities are to be expelled by sweat and be wary in this too for many of them work violently and violent Medicines are not rashly to be given Besides Swellings are sometimes made so hard by sweating Medicines that afterwards they can never be cured For what is Thin being by such Medicines taken away nothing but what is perfectly hard remains If you fear such a thing mix Emollients with them Again Sometimes by using Discussives the humors offending which Physitians usually call the Peccant humor is driven to some more noble part of the Body or else it draws more than it discusseth in such cases concoct and attenuate the matter offending before
Ounces make a Pound THe most usual Measures amongst us quoth the Colledg are these A Spoon which in Syrups holds half an ounce in distilled Waters three drachms A Taster which holds an ounce and an half A Congie which in their former Dispensatory held nine pound now holds but eight pound viz. just a Gallon To miss but one Pint in a Gallon is nothing with a Colledg of Physitians such Physitians as our times afford The reason I suppose is Because most Nations differ in the quantity of their Measures and they quoted their Congius from one Nation before and from another now for indeed their Dispensatory is borrowed a great part of it from Arabia part from Greece some from France some from Spain and some from Italy and now they vapor with it Oh brave should a man that borrowed his Cloathes from so many Broakers in Long-lane be proud of them Besides these they have gotten another antick way of MENSURATION which they have not set down here viz. By Handfuls and Pugils An Handful is as much as you can gripe in one Hand and a Pugil as much as you can take up with your Thumb and two Fingers and how much that is who can tell Intruth this way of Mensuration is as certain as the Weather-cock and as various as mens Fingers are in length and the things taken up in driness or form for an Handsul of green Herbs will not be half an Handsul or not above when they are dry and your mother-wit will teach you that you may take up more Hay in this manner than Bran and more Bran than Sand. And thus much for their Weights and also for their Measures both rediculous and contradictive Weights and Measures in the Old Dispensatory TWenty Grains do make a Scruple Three Scruples make a drachm commonly called a dram Right Drachms make an Ounce Twelve Ounces make a Pound As for the Colledges Measures I know not well what English Names to give them 〈◊〉 holds in Syrups half an Ounce in distilled Waters three Drachms 〈◊〉 holds an ounce and an half Hemina which also they call Cotyla contains nine Ounces Libra holds twelve Ounces A Sextary contains eighteen Ounces A Congie six Sextaties These Measures amongst the Romans contained not just the same quantities for their Cyathus contained an ounce and an half a drachm and a scruple Their Sextary contained but fourteen ounces three 〈◊〉 and half a quarter and among the Gracians not so much It is called a 〈◊〉 because it is the sixt part of a Congie Neither did the Roman Hemina contain altogether seven ounces and an half Their Libra I suppose to be that which Galen calls 〈◊〉 viz. A Vessel to measure with it was made of cleer Horn and by certain lines drawn round it like rings was divided into twelve equal parts each part containing an ounce DIRECTIONS ALthough I did what I could throughout the whol Book to express my self in such a language as might be understood by all and therefore avoided terms of Art as much as might be it being the task of the Colledg to write only to the Learned and the Nurslings of Apollo but of my Self to do my Country good which is the Center all my Lines tend to and I destre should terminate in Yet 1. Some words must of necessity fall in which need explanation 2. It would be very tedious at the end of every Receipt to repeat over and over again the way of administration of the Receipt or ordering your Bodies after it or to instruct you in the mixture of Medicines and indeed would do nothing else but stuff the Book full of 〈◊〉 To answer to both these is my task at this time To the first The words which need explaining such as are obvious to my Eye are these that follow 1. To distil in Balneo Mariae is the usual way of distilling in Water It is no more than to 〈◊〉 your glass-Glass-Body which holds the matter to be distilled in a convenient vessel of Water when the Water is cold for fear of breaking put a wisp of Straw or the like under it to keep it from the bottom then make the Water boyl that so the Spirit may be distilled forth take not the Glass out till the Water be cold again for fear of breaking It is impossible for a man to learn how to do it unless he saw it done 2. Manica Hippocrates Hippocrates his Sleeve is a piece of woolen cloath new and white sewed together in form of a Sugar-loaf It s use is to strain any Syrup or Decoction through by powring it into it and suffering it to run through without pressing or crushing it 3. Calcination is a burning of a thing in a Crucible or other such convenient vessel that will endure the fire A Crucible is such a thing as your Gold-smiths melt Silver in and your Founders their Mettals you may place it in the midst of the fire with coals above below and on every side of it 4. Filtration is straining of a liquid body through a brown 〈◊〉 Make up the Paper in form of a Funnel the which having placed in a Funnel and placed the Funnel and the Paper in it in an empty Glass powr in the Liquor you would filter and let it run through at its leisure 5. Coagulation is curdling or hardning It is used in Physick for reducing a liquid body to hardness by the heat of the fire 6. Whereas you find Vital Natural and Animal Spirits often mentioned in the Vertues of Receipts I shall explain what they be and what their 〈◊〉 is in the Body of Man The actions or operations of the Animal Vertues are 1. Sensitive 2. Motive The Sensitive is 1. External 2. Internal The External Sences are 1. Seeing 2. Hearing 3. Tasting 4. Smelling 5. Feeling The Internal Sences are 1. Imagination to apprehend a thing 2. Judgment to Judg of it 3. Memory to remember it The seat of all these is in the Brain The Vital Spirits proceedeth from the Heart and causeth in Man Mirth Joy Hope Trust Humanity Mildness Courage c. and their opposites Viz. Sadness Fear Care Sorrow Despair Envy Hatred Stubbornness Revenge c. by heat Natural or not Natural The Natural Spirit nourisheth the Body 〈◊〉 as the Vital quickens it and the Animal gives it Sence and Motion Its office is to alter or 〈◊〉 Food into Chyle Chyle into Blood Blood into Flesh to Form Engender Nourish and Increase the Body 7. Infusion is to steep a gross body into one 〈◊〉 Liquid 8. Decoction is the Liquor in which any thing is boyled As for the manner of 〈◊〉 or ordering the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 any sweating or purging Medicines or Pills or the like the Table at the latter end of the Vertues of the Medicines will direct you to what Pages you may find them in look but the word Rules there As also in the next Page The different forms of making up Medicines 〈◊〉 〈…〉 People that so Medicines might be
plain nor an Epistle stuffed as full of Flattery as an Egg is full of meat which I hate to give and you to receive and God hates it in whomsoever he finds it it is sufficient to you and infinite joy to me that your Works declare to the World what you are even in these times when rich Pluto is accounted a better Phylosopher than learned Plato when Godliness is not accounted great Gain as it was in better times than now are but Gain is accounted great Godliness I had Reasons enough to make me bold to dedicate it to you as namely That Ingenuity of your Spirit your excellent Endeavors for the publick Good that admirable Constancy which Honor it self could not choak so that your Splendor like other Justices in Office with you has not gone out like a Candle and left a stinking snuff behind though it hath pleased God to place you in Authority in such an Age that calleth Vertue Vice and Vice Vertue that calleth Good Evil and Evil Good that strike at the Devil and hit Christ in his Saints To whom rather these things considered should I dedicate these my weak Labors than to your self to whom God hath given the Knowledg to discern Vertue from Vice to love the one and hate the other according to that excellent Speech of Plato Oh Knowledg how would men love thee if they did but know thee for as Health is the Conservation of the Body so is Knowledg the Conservation of the Mind which is too too much absconded the more is the pity from the eyes of this languishing Nation and calls aloud for a Cure for as Plato saith in another place If Vertue could take upon her a bodily shape she would be so beautiful as men would be in love with her also if Vice could take upon her a Bodily shape she would be such an ugly beast all men would loath and disdain her for if Drunkards have so many Apish and beastly postures what would Drunkenness it self have which is the Author of them all if that could appear in a visible form This I know you are well versed in the love of a Real Common-wealth may be read in you even through a pair of Spectacles glassed with an inch board this was another argument moving me to dedicate this Book to you which tends towards the furtherance of a Common-wealth and the pulling down a Monopoly extreamly prejudicial yet scarce discernable I must be brief because it is brevity you delight in therefore to use many words I account it needless your kind acceptance of this Book I shall account such a favor as is never to be forgotten The God of Heaven and Earth which hath hitherto preserved your Body in so many dangers and difficulties which you have passed and your Spirit pure in these back-sliding Times still be your Guide and preserve your Spirit Soul and Body untill the time of your Change shall come and present you blameless at the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ in whom God hath loved you and washed you from your sins in his Blood So praies Sir Your Worships most humble Servant NICH. CULPEPER A Premonitory Epistle TO THE READER Courteous READER THose things which God did make first in the Beginning without means He now preserveth by Means and therefore He hath placed Nature in the World which by Motion acts in all things according to the quality of the thing acted upon as Fire acts upon Wood to make a fire to warm one by or the like therefore as the Cause of Diseases is to be understood to be Natural so is their Cures also to be effected in a Natural way and if you do but consider the whol Universe as one united Body and Man an Epitomy of this Body it will seem strange to none but Mad-men and Fools that the Stars should have influence upon the Body of Man considering he being an Epitomy of the Creation must needs have a Celestial World within himself for to wind the strings a little higher If there be a Trinity in the Deity which is denied but by none but Ranters then must there be a Trinity also in all his Works if there be a Unity in the God-head there must needs be a Unity in all his Works and a dependancy between them and not that God made the Creation to hang together like Ropes of Sand so God made but one world and yet in this one World a Trinity first Elementary which is lowest Secondly Celestial which is next above that Thirdly Intellectual which is highest in degree and happy yea thrice happy is he that attains to it if then Man be capable of the Intellectual World as having an Epitomy of that in himself whereby he knows that there is a God and that God made this World and Governeth it now he hath made it that there are Angels and that he bath an immortal Spirit in himself which causeth him to hope and expect immortality If he have an Epitomy of the Elementary World in himself whereby he searcheth and seeks after the Vertues of Elementary Bodies and the various mixtures of Natural things their Causes Effects Times Fashions Events and how they are produced by the Elements must he not also by the same rule have an Epitomy of the Celestial World within himself by which he searcheth out the Motion and Course of the Celestial Bodies and what their influence is upon the Elements and Elementary Bodies he that denies this let him also deny that the whol world was made for man that so the world may see what he is it is palpable to those that fear God and are conversant either in his Word or in his Works that every inferior world is Governed by its superior and receives influence from it God Himself the only First-being the Maker and Disposer of all things Governs the Celestial World by the Intellectual namely the Angels He governs the Elementary World and all Elementary Bodies by the Celestial World namely the Stars and that 's the reason the influence ' of the Stars reacheth not to the Mind or Rational part of Man because it is an Epitomy of the Intellectual world which is a superior to them but because there is now some Dispute about it I should have said Cavelling by such as would fain have their own Knaveries hidden and therfore they would fain have the Stars made to stop Bottles or else for the Angels to play at bowls with when they had nothing else to do but not rule the Elementary world no by no means We shall prove they rule over the Elementary world first by Scripture secondly by Reason First by Scripture I beseech you read in the first place Genesis 1. 14 15 16 17 18. verses And God said let there be lights in the Firmament of the Heaven to divide the Day from the Night and let them be for SIGNS and for SEASONS and for DAIES and YEARS And let them be for Lights in the Firmament of the
the green Olives cool and bind English-Currance cool the stomach and are profitable in acute feavers they quench thirst resist vomiting cool the heat of choller provoke appetite and are good for hot complexions Services or as we in Sussex call them Checkers are of the nature of Medlars but something weaker in operation Barberries quench thrist cool the heat of choller resist the pestilence stay vomiting and fluxes stop the terms kill worms help spitting of blood fasten the teeth and strengthen the gums Strawberries cool the stomach liver and blood but are very hurtful for such as have agues Winter-Cherries potently provoke urine and break the stone Cassia-fistula is temperate in quality gently purgeth choller and flegm clarrifies the blood resists feavers clenseth the breast and lungues it cools the reins and thereby resisteth the breeding of the stone it provokes urine and therefore is exceeding good for the running of the reins in men and the whites in women All the sorts of Myrobalans purge the stomach the Indian Myrobalans are held to purge melancholly most especially the other slegm yet take heed you use them not in stoppings of the bowels they are cold and dry they all strengthen the heart brain and sinnews strengthens the stomach releeve the sences take away tremblings and heart-qualms They are seldom used alone Prunes are cooling and loosning Tamarinds are cold and dry in the second degree they purge choller cool the blood stay vomiting help the yellow Jaundice quench thrist cool hot stomachs and hot livers I omit the use of these also as resting confident a child of three yeers old if you should give it Raisons of the sun or Cherries would not ask how it should take them SEEDS OR GRAINS COriander seed hot and dry expels wind but is hurtful to the head send up unwholsom vapors to the brain dangerous for mad people therefore let them be prepared as you shall be taught towards the latter end of the Book Fenugreek seeds are of a softening discussing nature they cease inflamations be they internal or external bruised and mixed with vineger they ease the pains of the Spleen being applied to the sides help hardness and swellings of the matrix being boyled the decoction helps scabby heads Linseed hath the same vertues with Fenugreek Gromwel-seed provokes urine helps the chollich breaks the stone and expels wind Boyl them in white Wine but bruise them first Lupines easeth the pains of the spleen kils worms and casts them out outwardly they clense filthy ulcers and Gangrenes help scabs itch and inflamations Dill seed encreaseth milk in Nurses expels wind staies vomitings provokes urine yet it duls the sight and is an enemy to generation Smallage seed provokes urin and the terms expels wind resists poysons and easeth inward pains it opens stoppings in any part of the body yet it is hurtful for such as have the falling sickness and for women with child Rocket seed provokes urine stirs up lust encreaseth seed kills worms easeth the pains of the spleen use all these in like manner Basil seed If we may beleeve Dioscorides and Crescentius cheers the heart and strengthens a moist stomach drives away melancholly and provokes urine Nettle seed provokes lust opens stoppages of the womb helps inflamations of the sides and lungues purgeth the breast boyl them being bruised in White Wine also The seeds of Ammi or Bishopsweed heat and dry help difficulty of urine and the pains of the chollick the bitings of venemous beasts they provoke the terms and purge the womb Annis seeds heat and dry ease pain expel wind cause a sweet breath help the dropsie resist poyson breed milk and stop the whites in women provoke lust and ease the headach Cardamoms heat kill worms clense the reins and provoke urine Fennel seeds break wind provokes urine and the terms encreaseth milk in Nurses Commin seeds heat bind and dry stop blood expel wind ease pain help the bitings of venemous beasts outwardly applied viz in plaisters they are of a discussing nature Carrot seeds are windy provoke lust exceedingly and encrease seed provoke urine and the terms cause speedy delivery to women in travel and bring away the after-birth All these also may be boyled in White Wine Nigella seeds boyled in oyl and the forehead anointed with it ease pains in the head take away leprosie itch scurff and hepls scald-heads inwardly taken they expel worms they provoke urine and the terms help difficulty of breathing the smoke of them being burned drives away Serpents and venemous beasts Stavesager kills Lice in the head I hold it not fitting to be given inwardly The seeds of water-cresses heat yet trouble the stomach and belly ease the pains of the spleen are very dangerous for women with child yet they provoke lust outwardly applied they help leprosies scald-heads and the falling off of hair as also Carbuncles and cold ulcers in the joynts Mustard seed heats extenuates and draws moisture from the brain the head being shaved and anointed with Mustard is a good remedy for the lethargy it helps filthy ulcers and hard swellings in the mouth it helps old aches coming of cold French Barly is cooling nourishing and breeds milk Sorrel seeds potently resist poyson helps fluxes and such stomachs as loath their meat Succory seed cools the heat of the blood extinguisheth lust openeth stoppings of the liver and bowels it allaies the heat of the body and produceth a good colour it strengthens the stomach liver and reins Poppy seeds ease pain provoke sleep Your best way is to make an Emulsion of them with Barly-water Mallow seeds ease pains in the bladder Cich-Pease are windy provoke lust encrease milk in Nurses provoke the terms outwardly they help scabs itch and inflamations of the stones ulcers c. White-Saxifrage seeds provoke urine expel wind and break the stone Boyl them in white Wine Rue seeds help such as cannot hold their water Lettice seed cool the blood restrains lust Also Gourds Citruls Cucumers Mellons Purslain and Endive Seeds cool the blood as also the stomach spleen and reins and allay the heat of feavers Use them as you were taught to do Poppy seeds Wormseed expels wind kills worms Ash-tree Keyes ease pains in the sides help the dropsie releeve men weary with labor provoke lust and make the body lean Peony seeds help the Ephialtes or the disease the vulgar call the Mare as also the fits of the mother and other such like infirmites of the womb stop the terms and help Convulsions Broom seed potently provoke urine breaks the stone Citron seeds strengthen the heart cheer the vital spirit resist pestilence and poyson TEARS LIQUORS AND ROZINS LAdanum is of a heating molifying nature it opens the mouth of the veins staies the hair from falling off helps pains in the ears and hardness of the womb It is used only outwardly in 〈◊〉 Asa foetida is commonly used to allay the fits of the mother by smelling to it they say inwardly taken it provokes lust and expels
with hairs METTALS MINERALS AND STONES GOLD is temperate in quality it wonderfully strengthens the heart and vital spirits which one perceiving very wittily inserted those verses For Gold is Cordial and that 's the reason Your raking Misers live so long a season However this is certain in Cordials it refists melancholly faintings swoonings feavers falling sickness and all such like infirmities incident either to the vital or animal spirit What those be see the directions at the beginning Alum heats binds and purgeth scours filthy ulcers and fastens loose teeth Brimstone or flower of Brimstone which is Brimstone refined and the better for Physical uses helps coughs and rotten flegm outwardly in oyntments it takes away leprosies scabs and itch inwardly it helps the yellow Jaundice as also worms in the belly especially being mixed with a little Salt-peter it helps lethargies being snuffed up in the nose the truth is I shall speak more of this and many other Simples which I mention not here when I come to the Chymical Oyls of them Litharge both of Gold and Silver binds and dries much fils up ulcers with flesh and heals them Lead is of a cold dry earthly quality of an healing nature applied to the place it helps any inflamation and dries up humors Pompbolix cools 〈◊〉 and binds Jacynth strengthens the heart being either beaten into pouder and taken inwardly or only worn in a Ring Cardanus saith it encreaseth riches and wisdom Saphyre resisteth Necromantick apparitions and by a certain divine gift it quickens the sences helps such as are bitten by venemous beasts ulcers in the guts Galen Dioscorides Garcias and Cardanus are my Authors Emerald called a Chast stone because it resisteth lust and will break as Cardanus saith if one hath it about him when he deflowrs a Virgin moreover being worn in a Ring it helps or at least mitigates the falling sickness and vertigo it strengthens the memory and stops the unruly passions of men it takes away vain and foolish fears as of Devils Hobgoblins c. it takes away folly anger c. and causeth good conditions and if it do so being worn about one reason will tell him that being beaten into pouder and taken inwardly it will do it much more Ruby or Carbuncle if there be such a stone restrains lust resists pestilence takes away idle and foolish thoughts makes men cheerful Granate strengthens the heart but hurts the brain causeth anger takes away sleep Diamond is reported to make him that bears it infortunate It makes men undaunted I suppose because it is a stone of the nature of Mars it makes men more secure or fearless than careful which it doth by over-powring the spirits as the Sun though it be light it self yet it darkens the sight in beholding its body Amethist being worn makes men sober and staied keeps them from drunkenness and too much sleep it quickens the wit is profitable in huntings and fightings and repels vapors from the head Bezoar is a notable restorer of nature a great cordial no way hurtful nor dangerous is admirable good in feavers pestilences and consumptions viz. taken inwardly for this stone is not used to be 〈◊〉 as a Jewel the pouder of it being put upon wounds made by venemous beasts draws out the poyson Topas If Epiphanius spake truth if you put it into boyling water it doth so cool it that you may presently put your hands into it without harm if so then it cools inflamations of the body by touching of them Toadstone being applied to the place helps the bitings of venemous beasts and quickly draws all the poyson to it it is known to be a true one by this hold it neer to any Toad and she will make proffer to take it away from you if it be right else not There is a stone of the bigness of a Bean found in the Gizzard of an old Cock which makes him that bears it beloved constant and bold valiant in fighting beloved by women potent in the sports of Venus Nephriticus lapis help pains in the stomach and is of great force in breaking and bringing away the stone gravel concerning the powerful operation of which I shall only quote you one story of many out of Monardas a Physitian of note A certain noble man quoth he very well known to me by only bearing this stone tyed to his arm voided such a deal of gravel that he feared the quantity would do him hurt by avoiding so much of it wherefore he laid it from him and then he avoided no more gravel but afterwards being again troubled with the stone he ware it as before and presently the pain eased and he avoided gravel as before and was never troubled with the pain of the stone so long as he ware it Jasper being worn stops bleeding easeth the labor of women stops lust resist feavers and dropsies Aetites or the stone with child because being hollow in the middle it contains another little stone within it it is found in an Eagles nest and in many other places this stone being bound to the left arm of women with child staies their miscarriage or abortion but when the time of their labor comes remove it from their arm and bind it to the inside of their thigh and it brings sorth the child and that almost without any pain at all Young Swallows of the first brood if you cut them up between the time they were hatched and the next full Moon you shall find two stones in their ventricle one reddish the other blackish these being hung about the neck in a piece of Stags leather help the falling sickness and feavers The truth is I have found the reddish one my self without any regard to the lunation but never tried the vertues of it Lapis Lazuli purgeth melancholly being taken inwardly outwardly worn as a Jewel it makes men cheerful fortunate and rich And thus I end the Stones the vertues of which if any think incredible I answer 1. I quoted the Authors where I had them 〈◊〉 I know nothing to the contrary but why it may be as possible as the sound of a Trumpet is to incite a man to valor or of a Fiddle to dauncing and if I have added a few Simples which the Colledg left out I hope my fault is not much or at least wise venial THus much for their old Dispensatory which with them is now like an old Almanack out of date Indeed had not the Printer desired it might not be and withall promised me that he would do it in a smaller print that so the Book might not exceed the former price I had left out what hitherto hath bin written having published in print such a treatise of Herbs and Plants as my Country men may readily make use of for their own preservation of health or cure of diseases such as grow neer them and are easily to be had that so by the
Water-cresses distilled in March the water clenseth the blood and provokes 〈◊〉 exceedingly kils worms outwardly mixed with Honey it cleers the skin of morphew and Sunburning Distil Nettles when they are in flower the water helps coughs and pains in the bowels provokes urine and breaks the stone Saxifrage water provokes urine expels wind breaks the stone clenseth the reins and bladder of gravel distil them when they are in flower The water of Pellitory of the wal opens obstructions of the Liver and Spleen by drinking an ounce of it every morning it clenseth the reins and bladder and easeth the gripings of the howels coming of wind distil it in the end of May or beginning of June Sinkfoyl water breaks the stone clenseth the reins and is of excellent use in putrified feavers distil it in May. The water of Radishes breaks the stone clenseth the reins and bladder provokes the terms and helps the yellow Jaundice Alicampane water strengthens the stomach and Lungues provokes urine and clenseth the passages of it from gravel Distil Burnet in May or June the water breaks the stone clenseth the passages of urine and is exceeding profitable in pestilential times Mugwort water distilled in May is excelleut in coughs and diseases proceeding from stoppage of the terms in women it warms the stomach and helps the dropsie Distil Peny-royal when the flowers are upon it the water heats the womb gallantly provokes the terms expels the Afterbirh cuts and casts out thick and gross humors in the breast easeth pains in the bowels and consumes flegm The water of Lovage distilled in May easeth pains in the head and tures ulcers in the womb being washed with it inwardly taken it expels wind and breaks the stone The tops of Hops when they are young being distilled the water clenseth the blood of addust and melancholly humors and therefore helps Scabs Itch and leprosie and such like diseases thence proceeding it open obstructions of the spleen helps the rickets and Hypocondriack melancholly The water of Borrage and Bugloss distilled when their flowers are upon them strengthen the heart and brain exceedingly clense the blood and takes away sadness greife and melancholly Doddar water clenseth the Liver and spleen helps the yellow jaundice Tamaris water opens the obstructions and helps the hardness of the spleen and strengthens it English Tobacco distilled the water is excellent good for such as have dropsies to drink an ounce or too every morning it helps ulcers in the mouth strengthens the Lungues and helps such as have Asthmaes The water of Dwarffe Elder hath the same effects Thus have you the vertues of enough of cold waters the use of which is for mixtures of other medicines whose operation is the same for they are very seldom given alone if you delight most in liquid medicines having regard to the disease and part of the body afflicted by it these will furnish you with where withal to make them so as will please your pallat best COMPOUNDS SPIRITS and COMPOND DISTILLED WATERS Culpeper A. BEfore I begin these I thought good to premise a few words They are all of them hot in operation and therefore not to be medled with by people of hot Constitutions when they are in health for fear of Feavers and adustion of blood but for people of cold constitutions as Melancholly and Flegmatick people If they drink of them moderately now and then for recreation due consideration being had to the part of the body which is weakest they may do them good yet in diseases of melancholly neither strong Waters nor Sack is to be drunk for they make the 〈◊〉 thin and then up to the head it flies where it fills the brain with foolish and fearful imaginations 2. Let all yong people forbear them whilst they are in health for their blood is usually hot enough without them 3. Have regard to the season of the year so shall you find them more beneficial in Summer than in in Winter because in Summer the body is alwaies coldest within and digestion weakest and that is the reason why men and women eat less in Summer than they do in Winter Thus much for people in health which drink strong waters for recreation As for the Medicinal use of them it shall be shewed at the 〈◊〉 end of every Receipt only in general they are due respect had to the humors afflicting and part of the body afflicted medicinal for diseases of cold and flegm chilliness of the spirits c. But that my Country men may not be mistaken in this I shall give them some Symptoms of each Complexion how a man may know when it exceeds its due 〈◊〉 Signs of Choller abounding Leaness of body costiveness hollow eyes anger without a cause a testy disposition yellowness of the 〈◊〉 bitterness in the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pains in the 〈◊〉 the pulse 〈◊〉 and stronger 〈◊〉 ordinary the 〈◊〉 higher colourd thinner and brighter troublesom sleeps much dreaming of fire lightning anger and fighting Signs of Blood abounding The Veins are bigger or at least they seem so and fuller than ordinary the skin is red and as it were swollen pricking pains in the sides and about the temples shortness of breath headach the pulse great and full urine high coloured and thick dreams of blood c. Signs of Melancholly abounding Fearfulness without a cause fearful and 〈◊〉 imaginations the skin rough and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 want of sleep frightful dreams 〈◊〉 in the throat the pulse very weak solitariness thin 〈◊〉 urine often sighing c. Signs of Flegm abounding Sleepiness dulness slowness heaviness cowardliness forgetfulness much spitting much 〈◊〉 at the 〈◊〉 little appetite to meat and as bad 〈◊〉 the skin whiter colder and smoother than it was wont to be the pulse flow and deep the urine thick and low colored dreams of rain flouds and water c. These things thus premised I come to the matter The first the Colledg presents you with is Spiritus et Aqua Absinthii minus Composita Pag. 30. Or Spirit and Water of Wormwood the lesser Composition The Colledg Take of the Leaves of dried Wormwood two pound Annis seeds half a pound steep them in six gallons of small Wines twenty four hours then 〈◊〉 them in an Allembick 〈◊〉 to every 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 water two 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sugar Let the two first pound you draw out be called Spirit of Wormwood those which follow Wormwood Water the lesser Composition Culpeper A. I like this distinction of the Colledges very well because what is first stilled out is far stronger than the rest and therefore very fitting to be kept by it self you may take which you please according as the temperature of your body either to heat or cold and the season of the yeer requires A. It hath the same vertues Wormwood hath only fitter to be used by such whose bodies are chilled by age and whose natural heat abateth You may search the Herb for the vertues it heateth the stomach and helpeth
digestion The Colledg After the same manner only omitting the Annis seeds is distilled Spirit and water of Angelica both Herb and Root 〈◊〉 Mints Sage c. The Flowers of Rosemary Clary Clove-gilli flowers c. the seeds of Caraway c. 〈◊〉 berries 〈◊〉 pils Lemmons Citrons c. 〈◊〉 Nutmegs c. Culpeper A. I would some body that knows their conditions would do but so much as ask the Colledg what the meaning of all these et caetera's is Spiritus et Aqua Absynthii magis composita Pag. 30. Or Spirit and Water of Wormwood the greater Composition The Colledg Take of common and Roman Wormwood of each a pound Sage Mints Bawm of each two handfuls the roots of Galanga Ginger Calamus Aromaticus Alicampane of each three drams Liquor is an ounce Raisons of the Sun stoned three ounces Annis seeds and sweet Fennel seeds of each three drachms Cinnamon Cloves Nutmegs of each two drachms Cardamoms Cubebs of each one drachm Let the things be cut that are to be cut and the things bruised that are to be bruised all of them infused in twenty four pints of Spanish Wines for twenty four hours then distilled in an Allembick adding two ounces of white Sugar to every pint of distilled water Let the first pint be called Spirit of Wormwood the greater composition Culpeper A. In this Receipt they have only in their new Master-piece left out According to Art and I commend them for sure it was advisedly done of them not to write of what they never had A. The Opinion of Authors is That it heats the stomach and strengthens it and the lungues expels wind and helps digestion in ancient people Spiritus et Aqua Angelicae magis composita Page 31. Or Spirit and Water of Angelica the greater Composition The Colledg Take of the Leaves of Angelica eight ounces of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ounces of Bawm and Sage of each sour ounces Angelica seeds six ounces sweet Fennel seeds nine ounces Let the Herbs being dried and the seeds be grosly bruised to which ad of the Species called Aromaticum Rosatum and of the Species called Diamoschu Dulce of each an ounce and an 〈◊〉 infuse them two daies in thirty two pints of Spanish Wine then distil them with a gentle fire according to that art which we never had and with every pound mix two ounces of Sugar dissolved in Rose water Let the three first pound be called by the name of Spirit the rest by the name of Water Culpeper A This Receipt was far different from that Angelica water which they prescribed in their last Dispensatory I could at first imagine no reason worth the quoting unless it were done to make it dearer as who should say seeing the common people cannot be kept from knowing the vertues of what we have so long monopolized into our own hands through the iniquity of the times in abolishing Kingly Government which was the only 〈◊〉 we had to lean upon yet will we to work again and leave never a stone unturned that may uphold us in our pride and unconscionable domineering and though we cannot write but it will be translated into such a language as will be in the reach 〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉 brain yet will we wind the business so high that it shall be out of the reach of his purse this I thought to be the plain English of it yet afterward I found that their former Dispensatory had a water called Cordial Water which here shouldered out Angelica Water and having got into its place stole its name Pray do but so much as tell what good it doth the vulgar for you to change the names of Medicines I 〈◊〉 a Rat a new trick to cheat the world A. The chief end of composing this Medicine was to strengthen the heart and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and therefore is very wholsom in pestilential times and for such as walk in stinking airs I shall now quote you their former Receipt in 〈◊〉 former Dspensatory Angellica water the greater Composition The Colledg Take of Angellica two pound Annis seeds half a pound Coriander and 〈◊〉 away seeds of each four ounces Zedoary bruised three ounces steep them twenty four hours in six gallons of 〈◊〉 Wines then draw out the Spirits and sweeten it with Sugar Culpeper A. It comforts the heart cherisheth the vital Spirits resisteth the pestilence and al corrupt airs which indeed are the natural causes of al Epidimical diseases the sick may take a spoonful of it in any convenient cordial and such as are in health and have bodies either cold by nature or cooled by age may take as much either in the morning fasting or a little before meat Spiritus Lavendulae compositus 〈◊〉 Pag. 31. Or 〈◊〉 Spirit of Lavender Matthias The Colledg Take of Lavender flowers one gallon to which pour three gallons of the best Spirit of Wine let them stand together in the Sun six daies then destil them with an 〈◊〉 with his refrigeratory Take of the flowers of Sage Rosemary and 〈◊〉 of each one handful the flowers of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lillies of the vally Cowslips of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 let the flowers being newly and seasonably gathered being infused in one gallon of the best Spirit of Wine and mingled with the aforegoing Spirit of 〈◊〉 flowers adding the leaves of Bawm Feather-few and Orrenge tree fresh gathered the flowers of 〈◊〉 and Orrenge tree Bay berries of each one ounce after 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 distil it again after which add Citron 〈◊〉 the outward Bark 〈◊〉 seeds husked of each six drachms Cinnamon Nutmegs Mace Cardamoms 〈◊〉 yellow Sanders of each half an 〈◊〉 wood of Aloes one 〈◊〉 the best 〈◊〉 the stones being taken out half a pound digest thêm six weeks then strain it and filter it and add to it prepared Pearls two drachms Emeralds prepared a scruple Ambergreese Musk Saffron of each half a scruple red Roses dried red Sanders of each half an ounce yellow Sanders Citron pills dried of each one drachm let the Species being tied up in a rag be hung into the aforegoing Spirit Culp Although I could have easily been brought to beleeve that the Colledg never intended the company of Apothecaries any good yet before I read this Receipt I could not conceit they willingly intended to impose impossibilities upon them I could wish the Apothecaries would desire to be certified by the Colledg A. 1. Whether the Gallon of Lavender flowers must be filled by heap or by strike A. 2. Next whether the flowers must be pressed down in the Measure or not A. 3. How much must be drawn off in the first distillation A. 4. Where they should get Orrenge leaves and flowers fresh gathered A. 5. What they mean by Convenient Digestion A. 6. Where you shal find Borrage Bugloss and Cowslips 〈◊〉 together that so you may have them al fresh according to their prescript the one flowring in the latter end of Aprill and beginning of May the other in the end of June and beginning of July
them be cut and infused in Spirit of Wine and Malaga Wine of each three pound and an half Vineger of Clove-gilli-flowers juyce of Lemmons of each one pound and distilled in a glass stil in Balneo Mariae after it is half stilled off the residue may be strained through a linnen cloath and be reduced to the thickness of Honey and called the Bezoartick extract Culpeper A. Extracts have the same vertues with the waters they are made from only the different form is to please the quaint pallats of such whose fancy loaths any one particular form A. This Bezoar water strengtheneth the heart Arteries and spirit vital It provoketh sweat and is exceeding good in pestilential feavers in health it withstands melancholly and consumptions and makes a merry blith cheerful creature Of the extract you may take ten grains at a time or somewhat more if your body be not feaverish half a spoonful of water is sufficient at a time and that mixed with other cordials or medicines apropriated to the disease that troubles you which the Table at the latter end of the Book will direct you to And take this for a general rule when any thing is too hot to take it by it self resort to the Table of diseases which will amply furnish you with what to mix it and especially the cold waters the vertues of which you have amply in this third Edition This is Langius Receipt though the Colledg would have no body know it Aqua et Spiritus Lumbricorum Magistralis P. 34. L. B. Or Water and Spirit of Earth-worms The Colledg Take of Earth-worms wel clensed three pound Snails with shels on their backs clensed two Gallons beat them in a mortar and put them into a convenient vessel adding stinging Nettles roots and all six handfuls wild Angellica four handfuls Brank ursine seven handfuls Agrimony Betony of each three handfuls Rue one handful common Wormwood two handfuls Rosemary flowers six ounces Dock roots ten ounces the roots of Sorrel five ounces Turmerick the inner bark of Barberries of each four ounces Fenugreek seeds two ounces Cloves three ounces Harts-horn Ivory in gross pouder of each four ounces Saffron three drachms smal Spirit of Wine four gallons and an half after twenty four hours infusion distil them in an Alembick Let the four first pounds be reserved for Spirit the rest for water Culpeper A. 'T is a mess of Altogether it may be they intended it for an Universal medicine Aqua Gentianae composita Page 35. in the Latin B. Or Gentian Water Compound The Colledg Take of Gentian roots sliced one pound and an half the leaves and flowers of Centaâ—ry the less of each four ounces steep them eight daâ—â— in twelve pound of white Wine then distil them in an Alembick Culpeper A. It conduceth to preservation from ill air and pestilential feavers it opens obstructions of the Liver and helps such as they say are Liver grown it easeth pains in the stomach helps digestion and easeth such as have pains in their bones by ill lodging abroad in the cold it provokes appetite and is excellent good for the yellow jaundice as also for prickings or stitches in the sides it provokes the terms and expells both birth and after-birth it is naught for women with child If there be no feaver you may take a spoonful or taster full by it self if there be you may if you please mix it with some cooler medicine apropriated to the same use you would give it for Aqua Gilberti Page 35. in the Latin Book Or Gilberts Water The Colledg Take of Scabious Burnet Dragons Bawm Angellica Pimpernel with purple flowers Tormentil roots and all of each two handfuls let al of them being rightly gathered and prepared be steeped in four gallons of Canary Wine stil off three gallons in an Alembick to which ad three ounces of each of the cordial flowers Clove-gilli-flowers six ounces Saffron half an ounce Turmerick two ounces Galanga Bazil seeds of each one drachm Citron pills one ounce the seeds of Citrons and Cardus Cloves of each five drachms Harts-horn four ounces steep them twenty four hours and then distil them in Balneo Mariae to the stilled water add Pearls prepared an ounce and an half red Corral Crabs eyes white Amber of each two drachms Crabs claws six drams Bezoar Ambergreese of each two scruples steep them six weeks in the Sun in a vessel well stopped often shaking it then filter it you may keep the pâ—uders for Sp. cord temp by mixing twelve ounces of Sugar candy with six ounces of red Rose water and four ounces of Spirit of Cinnamon with it Culpeper A. I suppose this was invented for a cordial to strengthen the heart to releeve languishing nature it is exceeding dear I forbear the dose they that have money enough to make it themselves cannot want time to stady both the vertues and dose I would have Gentlemen men to be studious A. Only one thing I would demand of the Colledg that makes their brags so much of minding their Countryes good these same species which they appoint to be left after use in this medicine for Species Cordiales Temperatae Doth the vertue come out of them in this medicine or not if not why are they put in if yes then wil the Species cordiales Temperatae be like themselves viz. good for nothing but to deceive people Aqua Cordialis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Page 36. in Lat. B. The Colledg Take of the Juyce of Borrage Bugloss Bawm Bistort Tormentil Scordium Vervain Sharp-pointed dock Sorrel Goats Rue 〈◊〉 blew Bottle great and smal Roses Marigolds Lemmons Citrons of each six ounces Bnrnet Sinksoyl of each three ounces white Wine Vineger one pound Purslain seeds two ounces Citron and Cardus seeds of each half an ounce Water Lilly flowers two ounces the flowers of Borrage Bugloss Violets 〈◊〉 of each one ounce Diatrion Santalon six 〈◊〉 let all of them being rightly prepared be infused three daies then distilled in a glass still to the distilled Liquor add earth of Lemnos Siletia aud Samos of each one ounce and an half Pearls prepared with the juyce Citrons three drachms mix them and keep them together Culpeper A. No sooner had I translated their old Dispensatory which should have been Authentick til dooms day in the afternoon had not I done it to work go they and make another such a one as 〈◊〉 and then the old one is thrown by like an old Almanack out of 〈◊〉 some final alterations they have made in some medicines of which this is one not worth speaking of yet wil they serve to vapor with look here quoth they here 's such a thing altered here is a grain and an half put in where there was but a grain before the other is dangerous and destructive to the Common-wealth and so care not a straw for defaming their predecessors nay some of their own handy works so they may but uphold their own interests and unconscionable domineering thus they serve the poor
heats the stomach and helps want of digestion coming through cold it easeth pain in the belly and loyns the Illiack passion powerfully breaks the stone in the reins and bladder it speedily helps the chollick strangury and disury The dose is from a drachm to half a drachm take it either in white Wine or Decotion of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to the same purposes Pleres Arconticon Nicholaus The Colledg Take of Cinnamon Cloves Galanga wood of Aloes Indian Spicknard Nutmegs Ginger Spodium Schoenanthus Cyperus 〈◊〉 Violets of each one dcachm Indian Leaf or Mace Liquoris Mastich Styrax Calamitis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Water-Mints Bazil Cardamoms long and white Pepper Mirtle berries and Citron pills of each half a drachm and six grains 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 white and red or if they be 〈◊〉 take the roots of Avens and Tormentil in their steads red Corral 〈◊〉 Silk of each eighteen grains Musk six grains Camphire four grains beat them into pouder according to 〈◊〉 and with ten times their weight in Sugar dissolved in Bawm water you may make them into an Electuary Culpeper A. It is exceedingly good for 〈◊〉 melancholly lumpish pensive grieving vexing pining sighing sobbing fearful careful spirits it strengthens weak stomachs exceedingly and helps such as are prone to faintings and swoonings it strengthens such as are weakned by violence of sickness it helps bad memories quickens all the sences strengthens the brain and Animal spirit helps the falling-sickness and succours such as are troubled with Asthmacs or other cold afflictions of the lungs It will keep best in an Electuary of which you may take a drachm in the morning or more as age and strength requires A Preservative Pouder against the Pestilence Montagnan The Colledg Take of all the Sanders the seeds of Bazil of each an ounce and an half Bole Armenick Cinnamon of each an ounce the Roots of Dittany Gentian and Tormentil of each two drams and an half the seeds of Citron and Sorrel of each two drachms Pearls Saphire bone of a Stags heart of each one drachm beat them into pouder according to art Culpeper A. The title tels you the vertue of it Besides it cheers the vital spirit and strengthens the heart You may take half a dram every morning either by it self or mixed with any other convenient composition whether Syrup or Electuary Diaturbith the greater without Rhubarb The Colledg Take of the best Turbith an ounce Diagridium Ginger of each half an ounce Cinnamon Cloves of each two drachms Galanga long Pepper Mace of each one drachm beat them into Pouder and with eight ounces and five drachms of white Sugar dissolved in Succory Water it may be made into an Electuary Culpeper A. It purgeth flegm being rightly administred by a skilful hand I fancy it not A Pouder for the worms The Colledg Take of Wormseed four nunces Senna one ounce Coriander seed prepared Harts horn of each half a drachm Rhubarb half an ounce dried Rue two drachms beat them into Pouder Culpeper A. I like this Pouder very well the quantity or to write more Scholastically the dose must be regulated according to the age of the patient even from ten grains to a dram and the manner of taking it by their pallat It is something purging ELECTUARIES Antidotus analeptica Page 99. in the Latin Book Colledg TAke of red Roses Liquoris of each two drachms and five grains Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each two drachms and two scruples Sanders white and red of each four scruples Juyce of Liquoris white Starch the seeds of white Poppies Purslain Lettice and Endive of each three drachms the four greater cold seeds husked the seeds of Quinces Mallows Cotton Violets Pinenuts fistick nuts sweet Almonds Pulp of Sebestens of each two drachms Cloves Spodium Cinnamon of each one drachm Saffron five grains Penids half an ounce being beaten make them all into a soft Electuary with three times their weight in Syrup of Violets Culpeper A. It restores Consumptions and Hectick 〈◊〉 strength lost it nourisheth much and restor es radical moisture opens the pores resists choller takes away coughs quencheth thirst and resisteth feavers For the quantity to be taken at a time I hold it needless to trouble the Reader you may take an ounce in a day by a drachm at a time if you please you shall sooner hurt your purse by it than your body Consectio Alkermes Page 99. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of the Juyce of Apples Damask Rose-water of each a pound and an half in which infuse for twenty four hours raw Silk four ounces strain it strongly and ad syrup of the Berries of Chermes brought over to us two pound Sugar one pound boyl it to the thickness of Honey then removing it from the fire whilst it is warm ad Ambergreese cut smai half an ounce which being well mingled put in these things following in pouder Cinnamon Wood of Aloes of each six drachms Pearls prepared two 〈◊〉 Leaf-Gold a drachm Musk a scruple make it up according to art Culpeper A. They have added the double quantity of Juyce of Chermes whereby the Medicine is made both hotter and stronger and if they had doubled the quantity of Sugar also that so it need not have boyled away so much they had done better also they have subtracted from the quantity of Musk there being a drachm appointed before but why they have done so neither I nor I think themselves know and as little reason can be given why they should leave out the Lapis Lazuli unless it be for an Apish opinion they hold that Lapis Lazuli purgeth whereas indeed it strengthens the heart exceedingly against Melancholly vapors Their former Composition contained of it being first burnt in a Crucible then often washed in Rose-water till it be clean six drachms A. Questionless this is a great Cordial and a mighty strengthner of the heart and spirit vital a restorer of such as are in consumptions a resister of pestilences and poyson a great relief to languishing nature it is given with good success in feavers but give not too much of it at a time lest it prove too hot for the body and too heavy for the purse You may mix ten grains of it with other convenient Cordials to children twenty or thirty to men Electuarium è Sassaphras Page 100. in L. Book Or Electuary of Sassafras The Colledg Take of Sassafras two ounces common Water three pound boyl it to the consumption of the third part adding towards the end Cinnamon bruised half an 〈◊〉 strain it and with two pound of white Sugar boyl it to the thickness of a Syrup putting in in pouder Cinnamon a drachm Nutmegs half a scruple Musk three grains Ambergreese two and thirty grains ten Leaves of Gold Spirit of Vitriol four drops and so make it into an Electuary according to art Culpeper A. It opens obstructions of the Liver and Spleen helps cold Rhewms or defluxions from the head to the lungs or teeth or eyes it
of Perillus viz. be forced to take them themselves they being not only to strong but also of a base gnawing nature that so they may gnaw out their ill conditions Pilulaede Eupatorio Page 123. in the Latin Book Or Pills of Eupatorium The Colledg Take of the juyce of Maudlin and Wormwood made thick Citron Myrobalans of each three drachms Rhubarh three drachms and an half Mastich one drachm Aloes five drachms Saffron half a dram Syrup of the juyce of Endive as much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass. Culpeper A. Having compared this Receipt of Mesue with reason I find it a gallant gentle purge and strengthening fitted for such bodies as are much weakened by diseases of choller The author apropriates it to such as have tertain agues the yellow Jaundice obstructions or stoppings of the liver half a drachm taken at night going to bed will work with an ordinary body the next day by noon the truth is I was before sparing in relating the doses of most purging physicks because they are to be regulated according to the strength of the patient c. Physick is not to be presumed upon by Dunces lest they meet with their matches and overmatches too Pilulae Foetidae Page 123. in the Latin Book Or Stinking Pills The Colledg Take of Aloes Colocynthis Amoniacum Sagapen Mirrh Rue seeds Epithymum of each five drachms Scammony three drachms the roots of Turbith half an ounce the roots of Spurge the less prepared Hermodactils of each two drachms Ginger one drachm and an half Spicknard Cinnamon Saffron Castoreum of each one drachm Euphorbium prepared two 〈◊〉 dissolve the Gums in juyce of Leeks and with Syrup made with the juyce of Leeks and Sugar make it into a Mass. Culpeper A. They purge gross and raw flegm and diseases thereof arising Gouts of all sorts pains in the backbone and other joynts it is good against Leprosies and other such like infirmities of the skin I fancy not the receipt much Both because of its violence and apish mixture Pilulae de Hermodactilis Page 124 in the L. Book Or Pills of Hermodactils The Colledg Take of Sagapen fix drachms Opopanax three drachms melt them in warm juyce of Coleworts so much as is sufficient then strain it through a convenient ragg afterwards boyl it to a mean thickness then take of Hermodactils Aloes Citron Myrobalans Turbith Coloquintida soft Bdellium of each six drachms Euphorbium prepared the seeds of Rue and Smallage Castorium Sarcocol of each three drachms Saffron one drachm and an half with Syrup of the juyce of Coleworts made with Honey make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper A. They are good against the Gout and other cold afflictions of the joynts These are more moderare by half than Pilulae Foetidae and apropriated to the same diseases You may take a drachm in the morning if age and strength agree if not take less and keep your body warm by the fire now and then walking about the chamber Pilulae de Hiera cum Agarico P. 124. in Lat. Book Or Pills of Hiera with Agrick The Colledg Take of Species Hiera Picra Agrick of each half an ounce Aloes one ounce Honey roses so much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper A. Very many are the vertues Authors have been pleased to confer upon this Medicine as making it universal and applying it to all parts of the body and almost all diseases in them proceed they either of choller flegm or of melanceolly nay they make it to resist poyson and Epidemicall diseases to help the 〈◊〉 dropsie and falling sickness to provoke the terms and ease the fits of the mother to cure agues of all sorts shortness of breath and consumption of the lungues vertigo or dissiness in the head to open obstructions of the liver and spleen 〈◊〉 cure the yellow Jaundice and sharpness of urine to strengthen the brain and memory and what not the truth is it is as harmless a purge as most is in their Dispensatory You may safely take a scruple at night going to bed having eat a light supper three hours before and you may safely go about your business the next day for it will not work too hastily but very gently so you may continue taking it a week together for it will not do wonders in once taking Pilulae Imperiales Page 124. in the 〈◊〉 Book Or Imperiall Pills The Colledg Take of Aloes two ounces Rhubarb one ounce and an half Agrick Senna of each one ounce Cinnamon three drachms Ginger two drachms Nutmegs Cloves Spicknard Mastick of each a dram with Syrup of Violets make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper A. It clenseth the body of mixt humors and strengthens the stomach exceedingly as also the bowels liver and natural spirit it is good for cold natures and cheers the spirits The dose is a scruple or half a drachm taken at night in the morning drink a draught of warm posset drink and then you may go about your business both these and such like Pills as these 't is your best way to take them many nights together for they are proper for such infirmities as cannot be carried away at once observe th is rule in all such pills as are to be taken at night Pilulae de Lapide Lazuli P. 124. in the Lat. Book Or Pills of Lapis Lazuli The Colledg Take of Lapis Lazuli in pouder and well washed five drachms Epithimum Polypodium Agrick of each an onnce Scammony black Hellebore roots Sal. gem of each two drachms and an half Cloves Annis seeds of each half an ounce Species Hiera Simple fifteen drachms with Syrup of the juyce of Fumitory make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper A. It purgeth melancholly very violently we will not now dispute the story how or in what cases violent purges are fit for melancholly let it suffice that it is not fit for a vulgar use Pilulae Macri. Page 125. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of Aloes two ounces Mastich half an ounce dried Marjoram two drachms Salt of Wormwood one drachm make them all being in pouder into a Mass according to art with juyce of Coleworts and Sugar so much as is sufficient Culpeper A. It is a gallant composed Pill who ever was the Author of it I have not time to search it strengtheneth both stomach and brain especially the nerves and muscles what they are you shall be instructed in a table by it self at the latter end of the Book as also in all other hard words that puzzle your brains and easeth them of such humors as afflict them and hinder the motion of the body they open obstructions of the liver and spleen and takes away diseases thence coming Your best way is to take them often going to bed you may take a scruple or half a drachm at a time I commend it to such people as have had hurts or bruises whereby the use of their
of Wormwood make it into a Mass. Culpeper A. It amends the evil state of a womans body strengthens conception and takes away what hinders it it gently purgeth choller and flegm and leaves a binding strengthening quality behind it Take them as Imperial Pills Pilulae ex Tribus Pag. 127. in the Latin Book Or Pills of three things The Colledg Take of Mastich two ounces Aloes four ounces Agrick Hiera Simple of each an ounce and an half Rhubarb two ounces Cinnamon two drachms wth Syrup of Succory make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper A. They gently purge choller and help diseases thence arising as itch Scabs wheals c. They strengthen the stomach and Liver and open obstructions as also help the yellow Jaundice You may take a scruple or half a drachm at night going to bed according as your body is in strength neither need you fear next day to go about your business Pilulae Turpeti Aureae Page 127. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of Turbith two ounces Aloes an ounce and an half Citron Myrobalans ten drams Red Roses Mastich of each six drachms Saffron three drachms Beat them all into pouder and with Syrup of Wormwood bring them into a Mass. Culpeper A. They purge choller and flegm and that with as much gentleness as can be desired also they strengthen the stomach and liver and help digestion Take a setuple or half a drachm according as your body and the season of the yeer is at night you may follow your business next day Laudanum Page 127. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of Thebane Opium extracted in Spirit of Wine one ounce Saffron alike extracted a drachm and an 〈◊〉 Castorium one drachm Let them be taken in tincture of half an ounce of Species Diambrae newly made in Spirit of Wine add to them Amber greese Musk of each six grains Oyl of Nutmegs ten drops Evaporate the moisture away in a bath and leave the Mass. Culpeper A. It was invented and a gallant invention it is to mitigate violent pains stop the sumes that trouble the brain in feavers but beware of Opiates in the beginning of Feavers to provoke sleep take not above two grains of it at a time going to bed if that provoke not sleep the next night you may make bold with three Have a care how you be too busie with such medicines lest you make a man sleep till dooms-day Nepenthes Opiatum Page 128. in the Latin Book The Colledg Take of Tincture of Opium made first with distilled Vineger then with Spirit of Wine Saffron extracted in spirit of Wine of each an ounce Salt of Pearl and Corral of each half an ounce Tincture of Spec. Diambrae seven drachms Amber greese one drachm 〈◊〉 them into the form of Pills by the gentle heat of a bath Culpeper A. The Operation is like the former only 't is dearer and not a whit better This is for the Gentry that must pay dear for a thing else 't is not good The PILLS left out by the Colledg in their New piece of Wit are these Pilulae Assaireth Avicenna The Colledg Take of Species Hiera Picra Galeni an ounce Mastich Citron Myrobalans of each half an ounce Aloes two ounces the Syrup of Stoechas as much as is sufficient Make of them a Mass according to art Culpeper A. It purgeth choller and 〈◊〉 and strengtheneth the whol body exceedingly being very precious for such whose bodies are weakened by surfers or ill diet to take half a drachm or a scruple at night going to bed Tills of Bdellium Mesue The Colledg Take of Bdellium ten drachms Myrobalans Bellericks Emblicks and Blacks of each five 〈◊〉 flakes of Iron Leek seéds of each three drachms Choncula Veneris burnt Corral burnt Amber of each a drachm and an half 〈◊〉 half an ounce Dissolve the Bdellium in juyce of Leeks and with so much Syrup of juyce of Leeks as is sufficient make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper A. Both this and the former are seldom used and therefore are hardly to be had Those that please may easily make the former this is more tedious but the Printer will have it put in to stop the mouth of Momus Pills of Rhubarb Mesue The Colledg Take of choyce Rhubarb three 〈◊〉 Citron Myrobalans Trochisci Diarhodon of each three drachms and an half Juyce of Liquoris and Juyce of Wormwood Mastich of each one drachm the seeds of Smallage and Fennel of 〈◊〉 half a dram Species Hiera Picra Simp. Galeni 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with juyce of Fennel not clarified and Honey so much as is sufficient make it into a Mass. Culpeper A. It purgeth choller opens obstructions of the Liver helps the yellow jaundice and dropsies in the beginning strengtheneth the stomach and lungues Take them as Pilulae Imperiales They are never the worse because the Colledg left them out Pilulae Arabica Nicholaus The Colledg Take of the best Aloes four ounces Briony Roots Myrobalans Citrons Chebs Indian Bellerick and Emblick Mastich Diagrydium Asarabacca Roses of each an ounce Castorium three drachms Saffron one dram with Syrup of Worm-wood make it into a Mass according to art Culpeper A. It helps such women as are not sufficiently purged in their labor helps to bring away what a careless Midwife hath left behind purgeth the head helps head-ach megrim vertigo and purgeth the stomach of vicious humors besides Authors say it preserves the sight and hearing and preserves the mind in vigor and causeth joyfulness driving away melancholly 't is like it may but have a care you take not too much of it a scruple is enough to take at a time or half a drachm if the body be strong take it in the morning about four of the clock and if you can sleep an hour or two after keep your self warm by the fire and order your self as after other purges I pray be not too busie with it and say I warned you of it Pilulae Arthriticae Nicholaus The Colledg Take of Hermodactils Turbith Agrick of each half an ounce Cassia Lignea Indian Spicknard Cloves Xylobalsamum or wood of Aloes Carpobalsamum or Cubebs Mace Galanga Ginger Mastich Assafoetida the seeds of Annis Fennel Saxifrage Sparagus Bruscus Roses Gromwel Sal. gem of each two drachms Scammony one ounce of the best Aloes the weight of them all Juyce of Chamepitys made thick with Sugar so much as is sufficient or Syrup of the Juyce of the same so much as is sufficient to make it into a Mass. Culpeper A. As I remember the Author appoints but a drachm of Scammony which is but the eighth part of an ounce and then will the Receipt be pretty moderate whereas now it is too too violent I know well enough it is the opinion of Doctors that Aloes retards the violent working of Scammony I could never find it and I am the worst in the world to pin my faith upon another mans sleeve and I would as willingly trust my
by cold Medicines then which are hot in the first degree are such as just correspond to the Natural heat of our Bodies such as are hotter or colder are more subject to do mischeif being administred by an unskilfull hand than these are because of their contrariety to Nature whereas these are gratefull to the Body by their moderate heat Thirdly These take away weariness and help Feavers being outwardly applied because they open the pores of the Skin and by their gentle heat prepare the humors and take away those fuliginous vapors that are caused by Feavers Yet may discommodities arise by heedless giving even of these which I would have young Students in Physick to be very careful in lest they do more mischeif than they are aware of viz. It is possible by too much use of them to consume not only what is inimical in the Body but also the substance it self and the strength of the spirits whence comes faintings and sometimes death Besides by applying them to the parts of the Body they are not apropriated to or by not heeding well the complexion of the Patient or the Natural temper of the part of the Body afflicted for the Heart is hot but the Brain temperate Lastly Medicines hot in the first Degree cherisheth heat in the internall parts help Concoction breed good Blood and keep it in good temper being bred Of Medicines hot in the Second Degree HAving spoken of Medicines hot in the First Degree it follows now in order to speak of those that are hot in the Second These are something hotter than the Natural temper of a Man Their Use is for such whose Stomach is filled with moisture because their faculty is to heat and dry they take away obstructions or stoppings open the pores of the skin but not in the same manner that such do as are hot in the First Degree for they do it without force by a gentle heat concocting and expelling the humors by strengthening and helping Nature in the work but these cut tough humors and scatter them by their own force and power when Nature cannot Of Medicines hot in the Third Degree THose which attain the Third Degree of heat have the same faculties with those before mentioned but as they are hotter so are they more powerfull in their operations for they are so powerfull in heating and cutting that if unadvisedly given they cause Feavers Their Use is to cut tough and compacted humors to provoke sweat abundantly hence it comes to pass that all of them resist poyson Of Medicines hot in the Fourth Degree THose Medicines obtain the highest degree of heat which are so hot that they burn the Body of Man being outwardly applied to it and cause inflamations or raise blisters as Crowfoot Mustard-seed Onions c. Of these more hereafter Of Cooling Medicines PHysitiant have also observed Four Degrees of Coldness in Medicines which I shall briefly treat of in order Of Medicines Cold in the First Degree THose Medicines which are least cold of all obtain the First Degree of Coldness and I beseech you take notice of this That seeing our Bodies are nourished by heat and we live by heat therefore no cold Medicines are Naturally and Per se as 〈◊〉 call it friendly to the Body but what good they do our Bodies they do it per accedens viz. by removing an unnatural heat or the Body heated above its Natural temper The giving then of cold Medicines to a Man in his Natural temper the season of the year also being but moderately hot extinguisheth Natural heat in the Body of Man Yet have these a necessary Use in them too though not so frequent as Hot Medicines have and that may be the reason why an All-wise God hath furnished us with far more Hot Herbs and Plants c. than Cold. Their Use is first In Nourishments that so the heat of Food may be qualified and made fit for a weak Stomach to digest and therefore are Sallets used in Summer Secondly To restrain and asswage the heat of the Bowels and to cool the Blood in Feavers Therefore if the distemper of heat be but gentle Medicines cold in the first degree will Suffice also Children and such people whose Stomachs are weak are easily hurt by cold Medicines Of Medicines Cold in the Second and Third Degrees SUch whose Stomachs are strong and Livers hot may easily bear such Medicines as are cold in the second degree and in cases of extremity find much help by them as also by such as cool in the third degree the extremity of the disease considered for by both these the unbridled heat of Choller is asswaged Also they are outwardly applied to hot swellings due consideration being had That if the Inflamation be not great use those that are less cool if the Inflamation be vehement make use of Medicines cold in the second or third degree Alwaies let the Remedy correspond to the just proportion of the Affliction Thirdly Sometimes the Spirits are moved inordinately through heat thence follows immoderate watchings if not deprivation of the Sences this also must be remedied with cold Medicines for cold stops the pores of the Skin makes the humors thick represseth Sweat and keeps up the Spirits from fainting Of Medicines Cold in the Fourth Degree LAstly The Use of Medicines cold in the Fourth Degree is To mitigate desperate and vchement Pains by stupifying the sences when no other course can be taken to save life Of the Use of which more hereafter Of Moistning Medicines THere can be no such difference found amongst Moistning Medicines that they should surpass the Second degree For seeing all Medicines are either hot or cold neither heat nor cold seeing they are extreams can consist with moisture for the one dries it up the other condensates it Philosophers therefore call Moisture and Dryness Passive qualities yet have they their operation likewise for moist Medicines lenifie and make slippery ease the Cough and help the Roughness of the Throat These operations are proper to Medicines moist in the First Degree Those which are moister take away Naturally strength help the sharpness of humors make both Blood and spirits thicker looseth the Belly and fit it for purgation The immoderate or indiscreet use of them duls the Body and makes it unfit for action Of Drying Medicines DRying Medicines have contrary faculties to these viz. To consume moisture stop fluxes and make such parts dry as are slippery they make the Body and Members firm when they are weakened by too much moisture that so they may perform their proper functions Yet although the Members be strengthened by drying medicines they have notwithstanding their own proper moisture in them which ought to be conserved and not destroyed for without it they cannot consist If then this moisture be consumed by using or rather over-use of drying Medicines the Members can neither be nourished nor yet perform their proper actions Such
sharp help the Roughness of the Wind-pipe or are gently lenitive and softning being outwardly applied to the Breast CHAP. 3. Of Medicines apropriated to the Heart THese are they that are generally given under the notion of Cordials take them under that name here The Heart is the seat of the vital Spirit the fountain of life the original of infused heat and of the natural affections of man So then these Two Things are proper to the Heart 1. By its heat to cherish life thorow out the Body 2. To add vigor to the Affections And if these be proper to the Heart you will easily grant me that it is the property of Cordials to administer to the Heart in these Particulars Of Cordials some cheare the Mind some strengthen the Heart and refresh the Spirits thereof being decayed Those which checr the Mind are not one and the same for as the Heart is variously disturbed either by Anger Love Fear Hatred Sadness c. So such things as flatter Lovers or appease the Angry or comfort the Fearful or please the Hateful may well be called Cordials for the Heart seeing it is placed in the middle between the Brain and the Liver is wrought upon by Reason aswell as by Digestion yet these because they are not Medicines are beside my present scope And altough it is true That Mirth Love c. are actions or motions of the Mind not of the Body yet many have bin induced to think such Affections may be wrought in the Body by Medicines which some hold is done by an hidden property the old Bush ignorant Physitians have run into Others that denied any hidden quality in Medicines held it to be done by Enchantment and that is the only way of a thousand to lead people in ignorance viz. To tell them when they cannot give nor will not study a reason of a thing It is Diabolical and done by Sorcery I could give a Reason of the former if it were my present scope to speak of hidden properties a very short time will discover the latter to be the greatest of Falshoods But to return to my purpose The Heart is chiefly afflicted by too much heat by Poyson and by stinking Vapors and these are remedied by the second sort of Cordials and indeed chicfly belong to our present scope According to these Three Afflictions viz. 1. Excessive heat 2. Poyson 3. Melancholly vapors Are Three kinds of Remedies which succor the afflicted Heart Such as 1. By their cooling Nature mitigate the heat of Feavers 2. Resist Poyson 3. Cherish the vital Spirits when they 〈◊〉 All these are called Cordials 1. Such as cool the Heart in Feavers yet is not every thing that cooleth Cordial for Lead is colder than Gold yet is not Lead Cordial as Gold is some hold it Cordial by hidden Quality others by Reason Because it cheers a mans heart to see he hath gotten Money an Apish Reason unbeseeming a Scholer for Pearls taken inwardly cool the heart and cheer it exceedingly and such a frigid Reason will no waies hold in that what Medicines do by hidden Quality is not my task at present it may be hereafter only here let it suffice that cool Cordials are such Medicines as are apropriated to the Heart and let the Heart be afflicted with heat else take them not for fear of Cordials they prove ruptures for the Heart is maintained by heat and not by cold 2. Such as resist Poyson There is a two-fold resisting of Poyson 1. By an Antipathy between the Medicine and the Poyson 2. By a Sympathy between the Medicine and the Heart Of the First we shall speak anon in a Chapter by it self The latter belongs to this Chapter and they are such Medicines whose nature is to strengthen the Heart and fortifie it against the Poyson as Rue Angelica c. For as the operation of the former is upon the Poyson which afflicteth the Heart so the operation of the latter is upon the Heart afflicted by the Poyson To this Classis may be referred all such Medicines as strengthen the Heart either by Astral influence or by likeness of substance if there be such a likeness in Medicines for a Bullocks heart is of like substanceto a Mans yet I question whether it be Cordial or not 3. And lastly Such as refresh the Spirits and make them lively and active both because they are apropriated to that Office and also because they drive stinking and Melancholly vapors from the Heart for as the Animal spirits be refreshed by fragant smels and the Natural Spirits by Spices so are the vital Spirits refreshed by al such Medicins as keep back Melancholly vapors from the Heart as Borrage Bugloss Rosemary Citron Pills the Compositions of them and many others which this Treatise will amply furnish you with CHAP. 4. Of Medicines apropriated to the Stomach BY Stomach I mean that Ventricle which contains the Food till it be concocted into Chyle Medicines apropriated to the Stomach are usually called Stomachicals The infirmities usually incident co the Stomach are Three 1. Appetite lost 2. Digestion weakened 3. The retentive Faculty corrupted When Appetite is lost the man feels no hunger when his Body needs Nourishment When Digestion is weakened it is not able to concoct the meat received into the Stomach but it putrifies there When the retentive Faculty is spoiled the Stomach is not able to retain the Food till it be digested but either vomits it up again or causeth Fluxes Such Medicines then as remedy all these are called Stomachicals And of them in order 1. Such as provoke Appetite are usually of a sharp or sourish tast and yet withal of a grateful tast to the Pallat for although loss of appetite may proceed from divers causes as from Choller in the Stomach or putrified humors or the like yet such things as purge this Choller or humors are properly called Orecticks not Stomachicals the former strengthen Appetite after these are expelled 2. Such Medicines help Digestion as strengthen the Stomach either by convenient heat or Aromatical viz. spicy faculty by hidden property or congruity of Nature by which last the inner skin of a Hens Gizzard dried and beaten to Pouder and taken in Wine in the morning fasting is an exceeding strengthener of Digestion because those Creatures have such strong Digestions themselves 3. The retentive Faculty of the Stomach is corrected by binding Medicines yet not by all binding Medicines neither for some of them are adverse to the Stomach but by such binding Medicines as are apropriated to the Stomach For the Use of these 1. Use not such Medicines as provoke Appetite before you have clensed the Stomach of what hinders it 2. Such Medicines as help Digestion which the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 give them a good time before meat that so they may pass to the bottom of the Stomach for the digestive Faculty lies there before the food come into it 3. Such as strengthen the
hot and moist Also to provoke one to the sports of Venus we use such things as stir up the veneral faculty These are hotter than those that encrease Seed yet not so dry that they should consume the Seed Take notice of this 〈◊〉 that some things dull Venus by cold and some over power her by 〈◊〉 The one of those 〈◊〉 the Seed the other makes it torped and sluggish staies the Itching For the Seed of Man is subject to as many contingents as the Man himself is It is not my 〈◊〉 here to treat of them for such things as make Seed either thinner or thicker are not properly said to breed Seed For the time when Seed should be encreased I need say nothing unless I should say when a Man hath got a prety 〈◊〉 If the Body be vicious let it first be purged let Seed be entreased before it be provoked Biting things lessen the Seed stir up the Venerial parts to expulsion cause Itching or tickling of the 〈◊〉 therefore they are good to be used a little before the act otherwise the constant use of them consumes and 〈◊〉 the Seed Observe thus much that one and the same Medicine doth not suit with every complexion for example If the person be 〈◊〉 let the Medicine be the hotter The use of these Medicines is the propagation of Mankind for the desire of Children inches many to Copulation but the pleasure that is in the 〈◊〉 ten times more Chap. 18. Of Medicines casing Pain THere is no dispute of the story but that which causeth the disease causeth the pain as also what 〈◊〉 the disease caseth the pain Yet are those properly called 〈◊〉 which is the Physical term for such Medicines which barely regard the pain both cause and disease remaining These are temperate for heat and thin for essence For seeing they are to be applied both to hot and cold effects they ought not to vary much from temperature They something excel in heat and so they ease pain because they open the pores and loosen the skin But they also cool because they let out those hot fuliginous vapors which cause the pain Such things as case pain by 〈◊〉 are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 They do not take away the pain at all 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 cause sleep or so dul the sences that they cannot 〈◊〉 it They are administred at such times when the Symptoms are so grievous that they threaten a 〈◊〉 danger than the disease is If in giving them you fear a greater fluxion will come to the part afflicted mix some things with them which are medicinal for the disease If the pain lie in the skin let the anodines beliquid the deeper it lies the more solid let them be lest their vertue be discussed before they come at the part afflicted CHAP. 19. Of Medicines breeding Flesh. THere are many things diligently to be observed in the cures of Wounds and Ulcers which incur and hinder that the cure cannot be speedily done nor the separated parts reduced to their natural state Viz. Fluxes of Bloud 〈◊〉 Hardness Pain and other things besides our present scope Our present scope is To shew how the cavity of Ulcers may be filled with Flesh Such Medicines are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sarcoticks This though it be the work of Nature yet it is helped forward with Medicines that the Bloud may be prepared that it may the easier be turned into Flesh. These are not Medicines which breed good Bloud nor which correct the intemperature of the place afflicted but which defend the Bloud and the Ulcer it self from corruption in breeding Flesh. For Nature in breeding Flesh produceth two sorts of excrements viz. serosus humors and purulentus dross Those Medicines then which clense and consume these by drying are said to breed Flesh because by their helps Nature performs that Office Also take notice that these Medicines are not so drying that they should consume the blood also as well as the Sanies nor so clensing that they should consume the Flesh with the dross Let them not then exceed the first Degree unless the Ulcer be very moist Their difference are various according to the part wounded which ought to be restored with the same Flesh. The softer then and tenderer the place is the gentler let the Medicines be Chap. 20. Of Glutinative Medicines THat is the true cure of an Ulcer which joyns the mouth of it together That is a glutinative Medicine which couples together by drying and binding the sides of an Ulcer before brought together These require a greater drying faculty than the former not only to consume what flows out but what remains liquid in the flesh for liquid flesh is more subject to flow abroad than to stick together The time of using them any body may know without teaching viz. when the Ulcer is clensed and filled with Flesh and such symptoms as hinder are taken away For many times Ulcers must be kept open that the Sanies or sords that lie in them may be purged out whereas of themselves they would heal before Only beware left by too much binding you cause pain in tender parts Chap. 21. Of Scarrifying Medicines THe last part of the cure of an Ulcer is to cover it with Skin and restore the place to its prestin beauty Such Medicines the Greeks call Epulotica This also is done by things drying and binding They differ from the former thus in that they meddle with the Flesh no further than only to convert it into Skin Before you administer Epuloticks let not only the Ulcer but the places adjacent be 〈◊〉 viewed lest ill Symptoms follows Chap. 22. Of Medicines resisting Poyson SUch Medicines ' are called Alexiteria and Alexipharmaca which resist Poyson Some of these resist Poyson by Astral influence and some Physitians though but few can give a reason of it These they have sorted into three Ranks 1. Such as strengthen Nature that so it may 〈◊〉 the Poyson the easier 2. Such as oppose the Poyson by a contrary quality 3. Such as violently thrust it out of doors Such as strengthen Nature against Poyson either do it to the whol Body universally or else strengthen some particular part thereof For many times one particular part of the Body is most afflicted by the Poyson suppose the Stomach Liver Brain or any other part such as cherish and strengthen those parts being weakned may be said to resist Poyson Such as strengthen the Spirits strengthen all the Body Sometimes Poysons kill by their quality and then are they to be corrected by their contraries They which kill by cooling are to be remedied by heating and the contrary they which kill by corrhoding are to be cured by lenitives such as temper their acrimony Those which kill by Induration or Coagulation require cutting Medicines Also because all Poysons are in motion neither stay they in one till they have seised