which_o be_v produce_v of_o putrid_a matter_n alone_o without_o seed_n so_o the_o fly_n cantharis_n have_v neither_o masculine_a nor_o feminine_a nor_o be_v it_o a_o pâ—…enix_n in_o nature_n so_o a_o eel_n be_v of_o neither_o sex_n and_o many_o other_o c_z it_o be_v dispute_v by_o some_o whether_o humour_n or_o spirit_n may_v be_v right_o reckon_v among_o animal_n part_n because_o they_o obtain_v no_o figure_n nor_o certain_a mode_n of_o increment_n like_o solid_a and_o dimense_a part_n but_o know_v that_o we_o take_v the_o word_n part_v large_o in_o this_o place_n for_o all_o that_o which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o animate_v body_n for_o whatsoever_o may_v not_o be_v take_v from_o the_o whole_a without_o a_o dissolution_n of_o that_o whole_a that_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v part_n of_o that_o whole_a therefore_o humour_n and_o spirit_n because_o if_o they_o be_v take_v away_o the_o animal_n whole_a can_v consist_v therefore_o they_o be_v adjudge_v to_o pass_v under_o the_o name_n of_o part_n but_o here_o it_o will_v be_v demand_v whence_o do_v the_o dissimilitude_n of_o the_o four_o humour_n depend_v from_o the_o efficient_a or_o from_o the_o matter_n galen_n and_o avicen_n do_v assert_v that_o blood_n do_v arise_v from_o a_o moderate_a and_o temperate_a choler_n from_o a_o intense_a and_o phlegm_n from_o a_o remiss_a heat_n but_o fernelius_n more_o right_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o great_a variety_n to_o the_o aliment_n that_o be_v â—…o_v the_o material_a cause_n because_o it_o â—…s_v not_o consentaneous_a the_o same_o â—…eat_a in_o the_o same_o time_n and_o part_n â—…o_o produce_v contrary_a effect_n â—…herefore_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o dissiâ—…ilitude_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o matâ—…er_n for_o whereas_o aliment_n which_o â—…s_v the_o matter_n take_v into_o our_o boâ—…ies_n do_v consist_v of_o divers_a part_n â—…t_o be_v altogether_o consentaneous_a to_o â—…uth_n that_o those_o humour_n which_o â—…o_v arise_v from_o it_o can_v be_v altoâ—…ther_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la â—…ut_o divers_a for_o what_o part_n of_o the_o â—…yle_n be_v more_o temperate_a be_v convert_v by_o the_o liver_n into_o blood_n and_o what_o more_o hot_a be_v change_v into_o yellow_a choler_n and_o what_o be_v crude_a into_o phlegm_n and_o what_o be_v terrene_a into_o melancholy_n and_o these_o be_v familiar_a to_o the_o body_n four_z manner_z of_o way_n as_o hypocrates_n say_v by_o which_o we_o be_v constitute_v and_o nourish_v for_o because_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n do_v disperse_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v excrementitious_a by_o certain_a occult_a foraman_n and_o that_o by_o diflation_n therefore_o they_o need_v aliment_n d_o blood_n may_v be_v understand_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n first_o for_o all_o the_o four_o humour_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o vein_n which_o when_o open_v blood_n do_v flow_v out_o endow_v with_o the_o four_o humour_n for_o blood_n be_v not_o similar_v but_o a_o mass_n conflate_v of_o different_a humour_n second_o blood_n may_v be_v take_v peculiarly_a and_o proper_o for_o a_o pure_a sejoyn_v humour_n which_o be_v know_v by_o this_o sign_n that_o assoon_o as_o it_o be_v let_v out_o into_o a_o vessel_n it_o concretes_n and_o turn_v into_o clot_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o fibre_n this_o humour_n be_v call_v by_o hypocrates_n hot_a and_o moist_a because_o it_o conserves_n the_o life_n of_o the_o animal_n which_o consist_v of_o a_o humid_a as_o though_o material_a and_o a_o calid_a principle_n as_o formal_a and_o it_o be_v also_o call_v temperate_a by_o galen_n because_o a_o hot_a and_o moist_a temperament_n do_v next_o accede_v to_o the_o temperature_n because_o it_o be_v the_o fittestto_n produce_v animal-operation_n and_o it_o be_v call_v sweet_a because_o it_o arise_v from_o a_o moderate_a heat_n and_o of_o a_o temperate_a and_o best_a part_n of_o chyle_n it_o be_v call_v red_a or_o rubicund_a because_o it_o acquire_v a_o colour_n from_o the_o liver_n that_o be_v red_a for_o every_o part_n propound_v this_o as_o its_o end_n to_o assimilate_v that_o to_o itself_o which_o it_o alter_v therefore_o chyle_n be_v take_v from_o the_o ventricle_n and_o transmute_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o the_o liver_n and_o so_o by_o degree_n do_v pass_v and_o be_v convert_v into_o its_o nature_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o it_o receive_v its_o colour_n from_o this_o do_v every_o part_n attract_v aliment_n whence_o blood_n be_v call_v by_o some_o the_o treasure_n of_o life_n which_o nature_n so_o keep_v in_o such_o safe_a custody_n that_o all_o the_o other_o humour_n may_v receive_v loss_n before_o blood_n nay_o some_o have_v go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o go_v about_o to_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o soul_n reside_v in_o blood_n other_o do_v affirm_v that_o blood_n be_v essential_o the_o very_a soul._n e_z phlegm_n be_v get_v of_o the_o gross_a and_o waterish_a part_n of_o chyle_n sometime_o it_o be_v call_v sweet_a not_o that_o any_o dulcitude_n or_o sweetness_n do_v possess_v it_o as_o it_o be_v with_o honey_n or_o sugar_n but_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o when_o we_o say_v sweet_a water_n or_o water_n be_v sweet_a and_o when_o we_o ascribe_v frigidity_n to_o it_o we_o do_v mean_a that_o it_o be_v not_o partaker_n of_o the_o contrary_a viz._n heat_n but_o because_o that_o coldness_n be_v predominant_a in_o it_o for_o if_o phlegm_n be_v only_o cold_a exact_o than_o it_o will_v be_v co-act_a like_o unto_o ice_n and_o if_o it_o be_v exact_o humid_a it_o be_v void_a of_o all_o crassitude_n and_o lentor_n the_o effect_n of_o it_o be_v to_o nourish_v the_o phlegmatic_a member_n together_o with_o blood_n and_o it_o be_v alimenâ—…_n half_o coct_v and_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n may_v easy_o make_v blood_n and_o nourish_v the_o whole_a body_n f_o the_o matter_n of_o black_a choler_n or_o melancholy_n be_v the_o more_o gross_a and_o feculent_a part_n of_o aliment_n not_o unlike_a to_o the_o fecy_n of_o wine_n or_o the_o settle_n of_o oil_n this_o humour_n be_v cold_a and_o dry_a because_o terrene_a neither_o yet_o so_o cold_a but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o partaker_n of_o some_o heat_n otherwise_o it_o will_v concrete_a like_o ice_n nor_o void_a of_o all_o humidity_n otherwise_o it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o humour_n but_o a_o hard_a body_n like_o to_o a_o adamant_n its_o proper_a colour_n be_v black_a or_o rather_o oleaceous_a which_o in_o a_o temperate_a man_n be_v call_v black_a if_o compare_v with_o the_o colour_n of_o other_o humour_n it_o be_v crass_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o terrene_a nature_n and_o it_o have_v sometime_o a_o sour_a sapour_fw-la when_o much_o heat_n coct_v the_o humidity_n and_o sometime_o sharp_a when_o less_o heat_n etc._n etc._n its_o use_n be_v to_o nourish_v the_o gross_a hard_a and_o terrene_a member_n but_o here_o a_o question_n may_v be_v handle_v whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o melancholy_a be_v terrene_a cold_a and_o dry_a therefore_o unapt_a to_o all_o the_o motion_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n its_o strange_a why_o aristotle_n will_v have_v all_o melancholy_a person_n to_o be_v ingenious_a either_o in_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n or_o moral_a policy_n in_o poetry_n and_o many_o other_o art_n and_o science_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o strength_n of_o wit_n be_v discern_v and_o discover_v either_o by_o quick_o learn_v or_o strong_o retain_v in_o this_o latter_a melancholy_a person_n do_v excel_v because_o siccity_n be_v necessary_a and_o appropriate_v to_o the_o retentive_a faculty_n therefore_o the_o brain_n be_v make_v firm_a and_o contemperate_v from_o this_o humour_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o blood_n and_o spirit_n and_o indeed_o those_o that_o be_v without_o this_o humour_n be_v very_o forgetful_a and_o though_o they_o may_v be_v ingenious_a yet_o they_o be_v always_o find_v to_o be_v light_n and_o unstable_a seldom_o persevere_v in_o the_o thing_n propose_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o levity_n of_o spirit_n for_o judgement_n and_o prudence_n be_v noâ—…_n perfect_v in_o motion_n but_o in_o rest_n whence_o aristotle_n can_v affirm_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v render_v more_o intelligible_a by_o rest_n and_o quietness_n than_o commotion_n and_o trouble_n h_n avicen_n beside_o those_o two_o before_o name_v do_v make_v other_o two_o adventitious_a humour_n among_o which_o those_o speak_v of_o do_v possess_v a_o medium_n the_o first_o be_v call_v innominatus_fw-la because_o it_o never_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o vein_n but_o the_o second_o the_o barbarian_n call_v cambium_n because_o it_o desire_v to_o flow_v out_o and_o will_v be_v change_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o flesh_n but_o both_o of_o they_o be_v reject_v yet_o fuchsius_n will_v have_v this_o humour_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o radical_a but_o without_o reason_n here_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v whether_o it_o may_v perpetuate_v life_n because_o the_o oleous_a or_o radical_a be_v preserve_v
and_o nourish_v with_o humidity_n and_o new_a always_o substitute_v in_o the_o place_n of_o that_o which_o be_v absume_v for_o i_o do_v not_o see_v why_o if_o radical_a humidity_n be_v want_v that_o death_n shall_v follow_v but_o answer_n may_v be_v make_v that_o the_o privation_n or_o defect_n of_o the_o radical_a humour_n depend_v upon_o the_o impotency_n of_o heat_n for_o whatsoever_o suffice_v in_o the_o place_n of_o its_o native_a humour_n that_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v change_v by_o the_o help_n of_o heat_n which_o as_o scaliger_n think_v be_v alter_v and_o grow_v feeble_a by_o use_n and_o diuturnity_n of_o time_n therefore_o what_o accedes_fw-la of_o aliment_n be_v more_o worse_a and_o impure_a then_o that_o which_o decedes_fw-la therefore_o heat_n destitute_a of_o idoneous_a aliment_n be_v dissipate_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o man_n necessary_o must_v die_v chap._n 8._o of_o spirit_n 1._o hitherto_o of_o humour_n so_o call_v now_o we_o shall_v handle_v the_o doctrine_n of_o spirit_n they_o be_v call_v a_o spirit_n because_o they_o fly_v away_o by_o their_o subtle_a and_o aereal_a tenuity_n which_o after_o a_o certain_a manner_n respondes_fw-la to_o the_o nature_n of_o spirit_n indeed_o 2._o but_o here_o the_o word_n spirit_n be_v take_v b_o for_o a_o very_a small_a or_o thin_a substance_n aereal_a and_o vaporous_a the_o first_o instrument_n of_o life_n as_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o action_n 3._o here_o its_o essence_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v ethereal_a and_o celestial_a but_o in_o a_o manner_n elementary_a first_o because_o such_o like_a spirit_n be_v what_o like_o their_o matter_n be_v but_o their_o matter_n be_v elementary_a second_o they_o can_v accend_v refrigerate_v increase_n diminish_v and_o extinguish_v but_o the_o celestial_a on_o the_o contrary_a want_v these_o neither_o can_v they_o be_v change_v by_o natural_a cause_n three_o because_o to_o their_o preservation_n the_o inspiration_n of_o the_o air_n be_v necessary_a four_o and_o last_o the_o spirit_n do_v restore_v again_o a_o elementary_a body_n in_o a_o swoon_v fit_a 4._o a_o spirit_n be_v either_o insit_v or_o fix_v or_o influent_a 5._o insit_v which_o be_v ordinary_o c_o complanatus_fw-la be_v a_o aereal_a and_o tender_a substance_n lie_v within_o several_a solid_a member_n and_o procreate_v of_o the_o genital_a seed_n from_o the_o governess_n faculty_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o first_o and_o proximate_a seat_n of_o native_a heat_n and_o a_o certain_a faculty_n as_o it_o be_v the_o band_n of_o unition_n of_o the_o soul_n with_o the_o body_n 6._o of_o this_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v so_o many_o difference_n as_o there_o be_v nature_n and_o temperament_n of_o part_n if_o it_o may_v be_v accommodate_v to_o these_o and_o attemperate_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o part_n 7._o the_o influent_a be_v that_o which_o be_v implant_v and_o lest_o it_o shall_v dissolve_v and_o vanish_v it_o remain_v fix_v 8._o and_o here_o it_o be_v threefold_a natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n 9_o and_o as_o in_o man_n body_n first_o there_o be_v three_o virtue_n natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n second_o so_o also_o there_o be_v three_o principal_a bowel_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o the_o liver_n heart_n and_o brain_n three_o three_o organ_n also_o administer_a to_o these_o the_o vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n so_o there_o be_v so_o many_o spirit_n distinct_a in_o species_n and_o form_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o chariot_n of_o strength_n 10._o the_o natural_a be_v d_o a_o thin_a vapour_n procreate_v in_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o pure_a part_n of_o blood_n and_o thence_o diffuse_v by_o the_o vein_n into_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n to_o absolve_v all_o natural_a action_n 11._o concern_v this_o many_o great_a question_n be_v make_v some_o do_v expunge_v it_o from_o the_o catalogue_n of_o spirit_n first_o because_o it_o take_v its_o natural_a faculty_n from_o the_o liver_n second_o that_o it_o do_v renew_v the_o same_o faculty_n insit_v from_o every_o part_n three_o and_o by_o this_o spirit_n or_o captain_n the_o gross_a blood_n be_v carry_v to_o distant_a part_n 12._o the_o vital_a spirit_n e_z be_v a_o thin_a halite_a vapour_n or_o breath_n beget_v of_o inspirated_a air_n and_o natural_a spirit_n carry_v to_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o so_o run_v by_o the_o artery_n over_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o so_o supply_v the_o vivifical_a strength_n unto_o they_o 13._o all_o the_o ancient_a neoteric_o do_v conclude_v this_o to_o be_v co-act_a when_o it_o be_v chief_o necessary_a to_o life_n for_o as_o plato_n do_v affirm_v if_o the_o sun_n shall_v quiesce_v one_o moment_n the_o whole_a world_n will_v perish_v because_o it_o excite_v spirit_n and_o heat_n by_o its_o motion_n so_o here_o if_o the_o spirit_n be_v prohibit_v forthwith_o the_o animal_n perish_v 14._o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v f_o a_o pure_a halite_n beget_v of_o a_o portion_n of_o vital_a spirit_n carry_v to_o the_o brain_n and_o insit_v in_o its_o faculty_n diffuse_v by_o the_o nerve_n into_o the_o body_n that_o it_o may_v incite_v it_o to_o motion_n sense_n and_o all_o animal_n action_n 15._o this_o as_o it_o please_v some_o do_v not_o differ_v from_o the_o vital_a in_o kind_n and_o nature_n because_o they_o maintain_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o universal_a spirit_n but_o as_o aliment_n do_v take_v a_o new_a form_n by_o a_o new_a coction_n and_o thence_o a_o new_a denomination_n so_o that_o first_o there_o be_v divers_a organ_n second_o divers_a faculty_n three_o divers_a manner_n of_o generation_n so_o also_o this_o spirit_n be_v diverse_a from_o the_o rest_n in_o species_n the_o commentary_n a_o by_o spirit_n here_o we_o understand_v not_o a_o incorporeal_a substance_n or_o the_o intellect_n of_o man_n which_o be_v right_o call_v by_o the_o philosopher_n a_o spirit_n which_o scaliger_n otherwise_o a_o man_n very_o learn_v dothseem_v to_o dissent_v from_o for_o he_o speak_v theological_o and_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v as_o speak_v of_o a_o incorporate_a substance_n but_o by_o spirit_n we_o mean_v a_o thin_a and_o subtle_a body_n b_o because_o nature_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o copulate_v one_o contrary_a to_o another_o unless_o it_o be_v with_o some_o medium_n not_o unlike_o a_o band_n for_o mortal_a and_o immortal_a do_v differ_v more_o then_o in_o kind_n and_o therefore_o a_o incorporate_a be_v be_v not_o consentaneous_a to_o a_o brittle_a body_n and_o immortality_n can_v be_v unite_v to_o the_o intellect_n of_o man_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o a_o medium_n and_o this_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o spirit_n which_o do_v bring_v mortality_n to_o the_o body_n have_v a_o thin_a and_o tender_a substance_n as_o it_o be_v accede_v to_o the_o intellect_n the_o medium_n between_o both_o be_v nature_n and_o this_o spirit_n be_v not_o void_a of_o a_o body_n but_o beget_v of_o the_o element_n which_o be_v in_o the_o seed_n and_o it_o be_v most_o elaborate_a near_o accede_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o celestial_a spirit_n and_o most_o thin_a that_o it_o may_v fly_v all_o sense_n very_o apt_a to_o pass_v by_o a_o incredible_a celerity_n for_o it_o pass_v over_o the_o whole_a body_n with_o a_o great_a celerity_n that_o it_o may_v give_v motion_n sense_n and_o strength_n to_o its_o part_n and_o perform_v other_o function_n of_o the_o soul._n d_o concern_v this_o spirit_n many_o great_a question_n be_v agitate_a some_o do-banish_a it_o from_o the_o catalogue_n of_o spirit_n move_v thereto_o by_o these_o argument_n first_o because_o there_o be_v no_o use_n nor_o necessity_n for_o it_o we_o answer_v its_o use_n be_v great_a for_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v the_o chariot_n of_o aliment_n for_o the_o humour_n get_v in_o the_o liver_n can_v scarce_o penetrate_v of_o themselves_o through_o the_o narrow_a passage_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o crassitude_n nor_o can_v they_o well_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o slowness_n of_o their_o motion_n furthermore_o this_o spirit_n take_v its_o natural_a faculty_n from_o the_o liver_n who_o work_n be_v to_o attract_v retain_v and_o concoct_v familiar_a aliment_n to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o by_o a_o certain_a force_n do_v expel_v the_o excrement_n second_o they_o will_v have_v no_o place_n to_o be_v give_v by_o nature_n proper_a for_o this_o spirit_n we_o answer_v the_o liver_n be_v its_o fountain_n and_o principle_n as_o the_o heart_n of_o life_n and_o the_o brain_n of_o the_o soul._n three_o they_o allege_v that_o this_o spirit_n do_v not_o lead_v any_o thing_n to_o any_o part_n or_o carry_v any_o thing_n thereunto_o but_o we_o say_v that_o as_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v carry_v by_o the_o nerve_n the_o vital_a by_o the_o artery_n so_o the_o natural_a spirit_n be_v carry_v by_o the_o vein_n together_o with_o the_o
be_v a_o certain_a partition_n which_o divide_v either_o side_n the_o vulgar_a call_v it_o the_o seven_o medium_n which_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n appear_v crass_a but_o after_o a_o more_o curious_a inspection_n it_o be_v find_v to_o have_v many_o hole_n in_o it_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o easy_a passage_n from_o the_o left_a side_n to_o the_o right_n notwithstanding_o what_o the_o neoteric_o exclaim_v against_o it_o and_o urge_v to_o the_o contrary_n 13._o furthermore_o there_o be_v certain_a appendix_n membranous_a and_o full_a of_o wind_n leap_v to_o each_o side_n of_o the_o ventricle_n which_o be_v call_v auriculae_fw-la not_o from_o its_o use_n or_o action_n but_o similitude_n 14._o on_o the_o right_a side_n it_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o door_n of_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la the_o left_a be_v place_v in_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o venous_a artery_n and_o it_o be_v large_a because_o it_o be_v the_o receptacle_n of_o gross_a blood_n the_o latter_a be_v the_o less_o because_o it_o contain_v air_n 15._o the_o chief_a use_n of_o those_o auriculars_n be_v first_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a receptacle_n of_o blood_n and_o air_n that_o they_o do_v not_o confuse_o pass_v into_o the_o heart_n and_o so_o to_o suffocate_v the_o heart_n by_o oppression_n second_o lest_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la and_o the_o venous_a artery_n be_v break_v in_o violent_a motion_n for_o they_o have_v great_a force_n in_o draw_v of_o blood_n and_o air_n in_o to_o the_o heart_n 16._o the_o lung_n e_z be_v of_o rare_a part_n light_n and_o spongious_a and_o as_o it_o be_v concrete_v of_o spumou_n blood_n like_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o snail_n seat_v in_o the_o thorax_n fill_v its_o whole_a cavity_n the_o instrument_n of_o breath_n and_o voice_n 17._o and_o although_o it_o be_v but_o one_o in_o body_n yet_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o membrane_n call_v mediastinus_fw-la the_o right_a and_o left_a 18._o either_o part_n consist_v of_o two_o globe_n or_o knot_n the_o one_o superior_a the_o other_o inferior_a often_o discernible_a and_o sometime_o obscure_a 19_o the_o use_n of_o these_o be_v that_o its_o flesh_n or_o substance_n shall_v not_o be_v collaberate_v or_o tire_v but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o active_o move_v and_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v embrace_v on_o every_o side_n 20._o the_o air_n be_v transmit_v into_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o asper-artery_n who_o structure_n be_v constitute_v of_o vein_n cartilage_n membrane_n and_o nerve_n the_o commentary_n a_o diaphragma_n have_v divers_a appellation_n for_o it_o be_v sometime_o derive_v from_o the_o verb_n diaphratto_n that_o be_v to_o fortify_v because_o diaphrattei_n that_o be_v it_o separate_v out_o the_o middle_n and_o low_a belly_n and_o also_o it_o be_v call_v the_o seven_o transverse_n it_o be_v call_v diaphragma_n and_o by_o ancient_a medic_n call_v phrenas_n because_o as_o some_o judge_n by_o its_o inflammation_n the_o mind_n be_v hurt_v it_o be_v use_n be_v noble_a for_o it_o separate_v between_o the_o spiritual_a and_o vital_a bowel_n and_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o lung_n from_o the_o natural_n which_o separation_n aristotle_n think_v to_o be_v make_v by_o nature_n lest_o the_o vapour_n which_o do_v exhale_v from_o meat_n offend_v the_o heart_n in_o which_o the_o soul_n he_o think_v do_v reside_v but_o this_o opinion_n be_v false_a because_o the_o fume_n do_v pass_v by_o the_o oesophagum_fw-la to_o conclude_v the_o diaphragma_n have_v two_o hole_n place_v in_o organ_n ascend_v and_o descend_v again_o it_o help_v expiration_n and_o inspiration_n for_o when_o the_o thorax_n be_v contract_v than_o the_o inspiration_n be_v dilate_v but_o when_o it_o be_v lax_v than_o inspiration_n be_v make_v again_o it_o help_v the_o ejection_n of_o the_o excrement_n by_o its_o motion_n with_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la again_o it_o be_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o organ_n whereby_o it_o pleasant_o affect_v the_o heart_n and_o cause_n laughter_n d_o the_o cover_n which_o defend_v the_o heart_n and_o contain_v it_o in_o its_o seat_n and_o hinder_v it_o lest_o it_o shall_v be_v oppress_v with_o its_o vicine_fw-la member_n be_v call_v capsula_fw-la which_o contain_v also_o a_o certain_a waterish_a humour_n lest_o it_o shall_v 〈◊〉_d and_o dry_a with_o too_o much_o heat_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v hard_a and_o dense_a lest_o it_o shall_v be_v break_v by_o its_o violent_a motion_n its_o substance_n say_v aristotle_n be_v thick_a and_o spiss_v into_o which_o heat_n be_v receive_v strong_o and_o therefore_o its_o temperament_n be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o the_o member_n it_o be_v endow_v with_o three_o kind_n of_o fibre_n straight_o crooked_a and_o transverse_v that_o it_o may_v both_o draw_v contain_z and_o expel_v now_o aristotle_n think_v these_o fibre_n to_o be_v nerve_n and_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o nerve_n to_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n but_o he_o be_v deceive_v its_o figure_n be_v pyramidal_a but_o not_o absolute_o so_o in_o brute_n but_o it_o be_v more_o flat_a then_o in_o a_o man_n it_o be_v place_v in_o the_o thorax_n as_o the_o safe_a place_n and_o on_o the_o left_a side_n thereof_o c_z this_o be_v the_o shop_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v right_o call_v by_o aristotle_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o live_v and_o â—…he_v last_o that_o die_v by_o its_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o heat_n it_o beget_v vital_a spirit_n for_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v which_o motion_n be_v call_v diastole_n it_o allure_v unto_o it_o and_o draws_z blood_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o strait_a fibres_fw-fr from_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la by_o the_o venous_a artery_n but_o when_o it_o be_v constringe_v which_o be_v call_v systole_n it_o send_v blood_n from_o the_o right_a ventricle_n into_o the_o lung_n by_o which_o they_o be_v nourish_v and_o that_o by_o the_o venous_a artery_n but_o the_o vital_a spirit_n out_o of_o the_o left_a by_o aorta_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o both_o way_n it_o convert_v into_o vital_a spirit_n by_o attenuate_v the_o pure_a blood_n into_o vapour_n d_o there_o be_v two_o remarkable_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o right_a and_o the_o left_a between_o these_o there_o be_v a_o partition_n which_o distinguish_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o which_o whereas_o it_o be_v crass_a and_o firm_a it_o be_v not_o right_o call_v by_o aristotle_n the_o three_o side_n or_o belly_n but_o lest_o that_o the_o passage_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v make_v by_o this_o it_o send_v out_o blood_n into_o another_o ventricle_n by_o narrow_a pore_n e_z the_o lung_n be_v call_v by_o the_o greek_n pneumon_a a_o pneo_fw-la which_o be_v to_o breath_n because_o it_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o breathe_v therefore_o the_o lung_n ought_v to_o consist_v of_o such_o a_o substance_n that_o it_o may_v be_v fill_v and_o distend_v with_o air_n like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o the_o primary_n cause_n of_o which_o action_n be_v its_o proper_a substance_n which_o help_v the_o motion_n thereof_o for_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v it_o draw_v air_n and_o by_o the_o venal_a artery_n carry_v it_o to_o the_o heart_n by_o which_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v allay_v and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n as_o with_o food_n thereby_o cherish_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o lung_n resemble_v the_o hoof_n of_o a_o ox_n which_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la into_o two_o part_n it_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o voice_n which_o i_o prove_v because_o no_o animal_n have_v a_o voice_n that_o have_v not_o a_o lung_n there_o be_v some_o that_o say_v that_o there_o be_v two_o lung_n but_o true_o it_o be_v but_o one_o divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o right_a and_o the_o left_a and_o again_o both_o the_o part_n consist_v of_o two_o globe_n the_o one_o superior_a the_o other_o inferior_a sometime_o see_v open_a and_o sometime_o shut_v the_o use_n thereof_o be_v that_o it_o may_v be_v move_v more_o nimble_o and_o so_o amplex_fw-la the_o heart_n more_o easy_o chap._n 13._o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n 1._o we_o have_v speak_v sufficient_o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o middle_a belly_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o supreme_a region_n serve_v the_o animal_n faculty_n and_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v â—…ontained_v in_o the_o brain_n 2._o the_o brain_n a_o be_v a_o soft_a part_n white_z and_o medullous_a fabricate_v of_o pure_a seed_n and_o spirit_n involve_v as_o it_o be_v in_o fold_n compass_v about_o with_o a_o thin_a skin_n and_o contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o principle_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n etc._n etc._n 3._o and_o this_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n and_o the_o next_o to_o heaven_n this_o be_v the_o tower_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o high_a pinnacle_n the_o regiment_n of_o the_o mind_n 4._o for_o the_o
brain_n be_v not_o only_o the_o seat_n of_o sense_n but_o the_o artifex_fw-la of_o motion_n and_o the_o house_n of_o wisdom_n memory_n judgement_n cogitation_n in_o which_o thing_n man_n be_v like_a to_o god_n 5._o therefore_o nature_n have_v exceed_o fence_v it_o not_o only_o by_o enrol_v it_o within_o the_o skull_n but_o also_o by_o cover_v it_o with_o other_o part_n therein_o contain_v which_o be_v two_o membrane_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v dura_fw-la mater_fw-la the_o other_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la 6._o menynx_n or_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la be_v a_o exterior_a membrane_n hard_a and_o cuticular_a cover_v the_o brain_n and_o fence_v it_o on_o every_o side_n 7._o after_o that_o be_v take_v away_o the_o pia_fw-la matâ—…r_o be_v visible_a which_o be_v a_o tender_a membrane_n the_o immediate_a and_o next_o cover_n of_o the_o brain_n not_o cover_v the_o exterior_a superficies_n only_o but_o go_v deep_a into_o part_n of_o the_o substance_n 8._o but_o its_o substance_n be_v thin_a that_o it_o may_v insinuate_v itself_o about_o all_o the_o side_n and_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o thin_a also_o because_o it_o need_v not_o be_v troublesome_a to_o the_o brain_n neither_o in_o gravity_n nor_o weight_n and_o that_o it_o may_v deduce_v the_o vessel_n through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o brain_n 9_o but_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o anterior_a and_o posterior_n 10._o the_o anterior_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o magnitude_n of_o it_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v proper_o call_v encephalon_n the_o brain_n 11._o the_o posterior_n be_v call_v pacencephalis_fw-la that_o be_v cerebellum_fw-la which_o seem_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d by_o nature_n for_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o former_a that_o it_o may_v keep_v the_o animal_n spirit_n transmit_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v adapt_v to_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n 12_o the_o brain_n above_o the_o anterior_a have_v two_o cavity_n distinguish_v clear_o by_o internal_o call_v ventricle_n 13._o and_o these_o be_v the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o spirit_n which_o be_v daily_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o artery_n and_o in_o they_o they_o be_v make_v more_o lucid_a like_a to_o celestial_a flame_n of_o fire_n and_o that_o for_o the_o better_a perfect_a of_o the_o animal_n action_n 14._o and_o they_o be_v three_o in_o number_n the_o right_a leave_v and_o middle_a the_o two_o foremost_a be_v call_v by_o some_o anterior_n but_o more_o proper_o superior_n 15._o the_o dexter_a therefore_o consist_v in_o the_o right_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n reach_v over_o the_o whole_a length_n of_o it_o from_o the_o anterior_a to_o the_o posterior_n resemble_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o half_a circle_n its_o use_n be_v the_o preparation_n and_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n 16._o the_o left_a consist_v in_o the_o left_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o it_o have_v the_o same_o form_n seat_n and_o use_v with_o the_o former_a 17._o whence_o experience_n do_v testify_v and_o the_o observation_n of_o physician_n do_v confirm_v that_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v violent_o compress_v or_o the_o ventricle_n bruise_v that_o then_o the_o animal_n must_v needs_o be_v deprive_v of_o sense_n and_o motion_n 18._o for_o they_o place_n in_o these_o superior_a ventricle_n common_a sense_n which_o do_v discern_v the_o object_n of_o divers_a sense_n 19_o the_o middle_a or_o three_o ventricle_n be_v nothing_o else_o than_o the_o concourse_n or_o common_a cavity_n of_o the_o two_o former_a ventricle_n 20._o this_o do_v produce_v of_o itself_o two_o passage_n the_o first_o whereof_o receive_v phlegm_n the_o latter_a be_v extend_v to_o the_o four_o corner_n or_o bosom_n 21._o they_o place_v also_o in_o it_o the_o faculty_n of_o imagination_n and_o cogitation_n 22._o these_o be_v the_o three_o ventricle_n of_o the_o anterior_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o four_o be_v common_a to_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la and_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n the_o last_o yet_o the_o most_o solid_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n because_o it_o receive_v the_o animal_n spirit_n from_o the_o former_a and_o so_o transmits_n it_n to_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n 23._o this_o be_v the_o place_n where_o they_o say_v the_o memory_n be_v contain_v the_o commentary_n a_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v soft_a and_o medullous_a and_o they_o say_v it_o be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o carry_v the_o substance_n of_o marrow_n but_o it_o differ_v much_o from_o that_o marrow_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bone_n because_o it_o be_v neither_o to_o be_v melt_v nor_o absume_v as_o the_o other_o be_v its_o use_n be_v famous_a and_o noble_a for_o in_o this_o consist_v fear_n or_o courage_n as_o also_o a_o voluntary_a motion_n of_o the_o sense_n without_o which_o man_n stand_v as_o a_o image_n or_o pillar_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o place_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n but_o the_o house_n of_o wisdom_n and_o the_o shop_n of_o the_o cogitation_n judgement_n and_o memory_n whereby_o man_n come_v to_o resemble_v god_n and_o last_o it_o be_v the_o treasure_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n therefore_o by_o right_a the_o brain_n be_v the_o noble_a of_o all_o member_n who_o excellency_n if_o aristotle_n have_v know_v he_o will_v never_o have_v write_v of_o the_o nobility_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o heart_n b_o whereas_o in_o the_o opinion_n os_fw-la plato_n the_o brain_n be_v the_o first_o and_o common_a sensery_n the_o question_n will_v be_v and_o it_o be_v full_a of_o intricacy_n and_o obscureness_n whether_o the_o brain_n be_v endow_v with_o the_o sense_n of_o feeling_n it_o be_v the_o general_a answer_n of_o modest_a physician_n and_o philosopher_n that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v want_v sense_n though_o it_o be_v stir_v with_o a_o daily_a motion_n but_o the_o membrane_n which_o encompass_v the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v endow_v with_o a_o most_o exquisite_a sense_n but_o some_o will_v say_v how_o can_v the_o brain_n be_v void_a of_o sense_n and_o yet_o be_v adjudge_v the_o principle_n of_o sense_n this_o be_v a_o nonsequitur_fw-la if_o the_o heart_n according_a to_o aristotle_n be_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o motion_n voluntary_a shall_v we_o therefore_o say_v that_o it_o be_v move_v by_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o the_o will_n when_o it_o be_v rather_o move_v natural_o so_o the_o brain_n communicate_v sense_n to_o other_o member_n therefore_o it_o be_v endow_v with_o sense_n this_o be_v a_o nonsequitur_fw-la again_o i_o answer_v that_o theorem_a to_o be_v true_a in_o logic_n only_o in_o homogeneous_a cause_n and_o those_o also_o that_o be_v conjoin_v and_o not_o remote_a for_o the_o sense_n do_v not_o remain_v in_o the_o brain_n immediare_o but_o mediate_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n yet_o scaliger_n answer_v the_o brain_n to_o have_v the_o force_n or_o faculty_n of_o sense_n dunamei_o but_o not_o the_o act_n chap._n 14._o of_o the_o species_n of_o animal_n viz._n of_o beast_n and_o they_o both_o perfect_a and_o imperfect_a 1._o hitherto_o of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o animate_v body_n the_o species_n and_o difference_n of_o animal_n do_v follow_v 2._o therefore_o a_o animal_n be_v either_o a_o alogon_n or_o logicon_n 3._o alogon_n be_v call_v a_o beast_n and_o it_o be_v a_o animal_n want_v reason_n and_o only_o endow_v with_o sense_n 4._o but_o here_o b_o some_o go_v about_o to_o make_v a_o noise_n in_o oppose_v this_o both_o ancient_a and_o late_a writer_n in_o declare_v that_o certain_a beast_n by_o a_o singular_a sagacity_n and_o art_n may_v be_v obstupefy_v by_o artificial_a operation_n that_o they_o will_v act_v those_o thing_n which_o can_v proceed_v from_o they_o but_o they_o must_v be_v endow_v with_o some_o prudence_n and_o reason_n and_o beside_o their_o particular_a sense_n something_o that_o deserve_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o reason_n 5._o it_o be_v true_a they_o be_v endow_v with_o some_o remarkable_a action_n but_o we_o must_v not_o conclude_v they_o to_o proceed_v from_o any_o reason_n in_o they_o but_o from_o a_o natural_a instinct_n 6._o and_o how_o can_v brute_n be_v say_v to_o have_v common_a reason_n when_o reason_n be_v a_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o do_v move_v and_o bufie_v itself_o to_o find_v out_o cause_n from_o the_o effect_n and_o again_o from_o the_o cause_n to_o those_o effect_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o 7._o furthermore_o beast_n be_v either_o perfect_a or_o imperfect_a 8._o they_o be_v perfect_a c_z which_o have_v a_o perfect_a body_n in_o substance_n and_o not_o in_o shadow_n and_o endow_v with_o blood_n procreate_v in_o they_o 9_o and_o they_o be_v such_o as_o either_o go_v or_o fly_v 10._o they_o be_v terrestrial_a which_o draw_v
earth_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o composition_n which_o do_v afford_v matter_n for_o the_o unctuosity_n to_o astringe_v therefore_o stone_n be_v get_v of_o gross_a earth_n by_o the_o coalition_n of_o this_o humour_n which_o must_v be_v so_o understand_v not_o that_o the_o two_o other_o element_n to_o wit_n the_o fire_n and_o the_o air_n must_v be_v separate_v from_o their_o mixtion_n if_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o philosopher_n be_v true_a that_o every_o mix_a thing_n do_v consist_v of_o four_o element_n the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o metal_n or_o mineral_n be_v two_o heat_n and_o cold_a heat_n persist_v in_o the_o matter_n do_v diduce_fw-la moisture_n and_o unctuosity_n of_o â—…errene_a substance_n by_o certain_a tender_a part_n and_o so_o do_v coct_v and_o digest_v and_o perfect_o mingle_v the_o portion_n of_o the_o several_a element_n but_o especicial_o of_o water_n and_o earth_n and_o so_o purge_v they_o from_o all_o the_o excrementitious_a part_n and_o at_o last_o do_v prepare_v that_o matter_n right_o to_o produce_v the_o form_n of_o a_o stone_n and_o so_o cold_a at_o length_n do_v condensate_a it_o with_o its_o astrictiveness_n &_o expel_v all_o its_o superabundant_a humour_n and_o so_o indurate_a it_o into_o a_o stone_n but_o some_o may_v say_v that_o cold_a rather_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o corruption_n than_o generation_n i_o answer_v it_o be_v true_a in_o animate_v body_n but_o in_o inanimate_v to_o wit_n in_o meteor_n and_o metal_n coldness_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o generation_n yet_o it_o may_v further_o be_v object_v if_o stone_n do_v coalesce_v from_o coldness_n it_o follow_v by_o the_o same_o rule_n that_o they_o must_v melt_v by_o heat_n and_o so_o be_v resolve_v but_o that_o can_v be_v aâ—…â—…erefore_o nor_o the_o former_a i_o anâ—…wer_v stone_n can_v be_v melt_v by_o heat_n alone_o without_o the_o affusion_n of_o some_o other_o humour_n because_o there_o be_v in_o they_o such_o a_o exquisite_a &_o natural_a commixture_n of_o moisture_n and_o dryness_n that_o they_o refuse_v liquation_n by_o their_o contrary_n neither_o be_v they_o to_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o action_n of_o their_o external_a faculty_n without_o the_o sympathy_n of_o some_o familiar_a quality_n b_o according_a to_o the_o divers_a and_o various_a subtlety_n of_o the_o matter_n whether_o pure_a or_o impure_a crass_a viscous_a or_o the_o like_a stones_z both_o pure_a and_o impure_a noble_a and_o ignoble_a be_v engender_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v so_o great_a variety_n of_o stone_n and_o gem_n and_o here_o a_o objection_n will_v arise_v whether_o precious_a stone_n may_v change_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o earth_n generation_n gem_n because_o of_o their_o noble_a fulgour_fw-la and_o transparency_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o persist_v of_o earth_n which_o be_v dusky_a and_o blackish_a a_o enemy_n to_o such_o pulchritude_n whence_o many_o be_v of_o this_o opinion_n that_o gem_n be_v partaker_n equal_o of_o celestial_a fire_n and_o water_n and_o from_o they_o to_o receive_v their_o fulgour_fw-la and_o crystalline_a clearness_n but_o we_o must_v know_v that_o gem_n also_o do_v consist_v of_o certain_a earthly_a matter_n but_o not_o obscure_a but_o subtle_a mix_v with_o a_o waterish_a humidity_n well_o coct_v and_o temper_v for_o the_o matter_n according_a to_o logician_n do_v vary_v the_o dignity_n of_o thing_n but_o the_o propinquity_n of_o the_o sun_n coct_v better_a and_o strong_a the_o matter_n of_o stone_n in_o oriental_a region_n make_v the_o gem_n and_o stone_n both_o more_o excellent_a and_o precious_a another_o question_n will_v here_o arise_v whether_o stone_n do_v differ_v in_o form_n and_o species_n we_o maintain_v the_o affirmative_a with_o this_o one_o undeniable_a reason_n divers_a action_n and_o virtue_n do_v arise_v from_o divers_a form_n but_o there_o be_v divers_a action_n in_o divers_a stone_n therefore_o etc._n etc._n the_o assumption_n be_v prove_v because_o one_o stone_n resist_v poison_n another_o discuss_n swell_n another_o draw_v iron_n which_o be_v indeed_o divers_a effect_n c_z pliny_n relate_v of_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o pumice_n that_o it_o be_v get_v of_o fruit_n some_o of_o bay_n some_o of_o thyme_n beyond_o the_o column_n of_o hereule_n which_o be_v transform_v into_o the_o pumice_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v not_o strangâ—…_n why_o the_o pumice_n cast_v into_o the_o water_n do_v swim_v when_o it_o be_v make_v of_o porous_a and_o rare_a matter_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v its_o levity_n from_o its_o matter_n and_o will_v not_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o water_n but_o that_o for_o use_n be_v account_v the_o best_a which_o be_v candid_a light_a and_o very_o spongious_a the_o flower_n of_o it_o according_a to_o theophrastus_n do_v take_v away_o drunkenneâ—…s_v d_o a_o gemm_n proper_o be_v the_o sprout_v or_o bud_n of_o a_o tree_n fair_a and_o round_o bunch_v out_o at_o the_o first_o out_o of_o bunâ—…s_n and_o chief_o of_o vine_n and_o so_o those_o precious_a stone_n which_o reâ—…mble_v this_o form_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v call_v gem_n because_o they_o respond_v thereunto_o in_o figure_n and_o form_n but_o the_o virtue_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o gem_n be_v wonderful_a if_o we_o may_v believe_v cardan_n some_o say_v he_o be_v effectual_a in_o prolong_v life_n other_o available_a in_o love_n in_o obtain_v riches_n some_o for_o divination_n other_o for_o consolation_n some_o for_o wisdom_n other_o for_o good_a fortune_n some_o work_n effect_n to_o make_v man_n dull_a other_o joyful_a some_o sad_a other_o fearful_a some_o do_v resist_v poison_n other_o help_v the_o concoction_n of_o the_o ventricle_n and_o liver_n but_o concern_v the_o virtue_n of_o gem_n read_v scaliger_n exer._n 106._o but_o heaven_n no_o doubt_n have_v infuse_v into_o gem_n many_o admirable_a property_n and_o virtue_n concern_v which_o hermes_n trismegistus_n have_v sufficient_o treat_v e_z but_o why_o do_v the_o adamant_n preserve_v its_o substance_n whole_a against_o the_o weighty_a stroke_n of_o the_o hammer_n and_o furious_a flame_n of_o of_o the_o fire_n yet_o suffer_v itself_o to_o be_v dissolve_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o a_o goat_n there_o be_v some_o of_o our_o late_a writer_n who_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o occult_a property_n at_o all_o but_o go_v about_o to_o manifest_v every_o thing_n by_o plain_a reason_n therefore_o they_o judge_v goat_n blood_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o analogy_n which_o be_v in_o the_o beginning_n common_a to_o pierce_v the_o adamant_n but_o say_v scaliger_n what_o other_o thing_n be_v that_o anology_n of_o its_o common_a principle_n than_o a_o occult_a property_n no_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v a_o great_a miracle_n of_o nature_n and_o why_o it_o shall_v pierce_v so_o hard_a a_o body_n no_o man_n well_o can_v demonstrate_v f_o the_o carbuncle_n come_v from_o the_o eastern_a region_n shine_v like_a to_o white_a cloud_n but_o because_o it_o have_v golden_a spot_n it_o be_v reckon_v by_o some_o among_o gem_n g_z of_o which_o there_o be_v three_o sort_n first_o that_o which_o shine_v in_o the_o dark_a they_o call_v pyropus_fw-la second_o that_o which_o be_v put_v in_o a_o black_a vessel_n shine_v water_n be_v pour_v upon_o it_o three_o that_o be_v the_o base_a which_o glister_v only_o when_o the_o light_n shine_v h_n achates_n be_v of_o so_o many_o various_a kind_n that_o it_o will_v scarce_o be_v credit_v to_o be_v one_o stone_n for_o it_o be_v clear_a red_a yellowish_a cineritious_a green_a dark_a blue_a insomuch_o that_o this_o one_o answer_n to_o all_o the_o colour_n of_o other_o gem_n ay_o albertus_n magnus_n relate_v that_o he_o have_v try_v this_o that_o if_o this_o stone_n be_v hang_v about_o the_o neck_n it_o roborate_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n which_o be_v incredible_a for_o by_o its_o frigidity_n it_o constringe_n the_o spirit_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v relate_v that_o if_o it_o be_v hang_v about_o the_o belly_n it_o hinder_v venery_n whereupon_o the_o indian_n everywhere_o preserve_v themselves_o k_o whether_o crystal_n be_v glass_n be_v a_o subtle_a controversy_n between_o cardan_n and_o scaliger_n he_o deny_v it_o upon_o this_o reason_n because_o glass_n be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o fire_n but_o crystal_n not_o unless_o for_o several_a day_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o vehement_a fire_n and_o be_v continual_o blow_v therefore_o crystal_n can_v never_o be_v glass_n scaliger_n answer_v glass_n that_o have_v never_o obtain_v the_o hardness_n of_o a_o stone_n be_v as_o yet_o water_n and_o therefore_o easy_o dissolvable_a by_o fire_n because_o it_o be_v but_o congeal_v with_o a_o little_a cold_a but_o when_o it_o be_v concrete_v and_o congeal_v by_o a_o diuturnal_a cold_a insomuch_o that_o it_o have_v obtain_v the_o perfect_a form_n and_o hardness_n of_o a_o stone_n it_o will_v not_o easy_o melt_v or_o not_o at_o all_o but_o it_o be_v generate_v oftentimes_o under_o the_o earth_n
the_o plenty_n thereof_o whereby_o the_o 〈◊〉_d heat_n the_o instrument_n of_o form_n be_v nourish_v together_o with_o the_o firmness_n and_o solidity_n of_o the_o whole_a plant._n 18._o for_o such_o grow_v a_o long_a time_n as_o first_o have_v much_o soft_a and_o gentle_a humidity_n in_o they_o second_o a_o solid_a substance_n three_o their_o root_n long_o and_o thick_a four_o those_z that_o be_v barren_a and_o fruitless_a five_o such_o as_o grow_v in_o a_o dry_a place_n 19_o on_o the_o contrary_a part_n those_o plant_n be_v short_a live_v and_o soon_o perish_v by_o natural_a corruption_n as_o have_v not_o the_o contrary_n to_o the_o former_a 20._o preternatural_a or_o violent_a â—…ruption_n happen_v either_o by_o â—…tinction_n or_o â—…nt_v of_o nourishâ—…_n 21._o corruption_n happen_v 〈◊〉_d extinction_n be_v when_o the_o plant_n perish_v by_o too_o much_o cold_a 22._o when_o cold_a 〈◊〉_d goâ—…_n to_o the_o bottom_n it_o hinder_v 〈◊〉_d warm_a vapour_n or_o heat_n from_o come_v to_o the_o root_n and_o at_o length_n cause_v the_o whole_a to_o perish_v 23._o this_o corruption_n do_v not_o happen_v but_o when_o a_o extreme_a cold_a come_v and_o invade_v the_o root_n denude_v of_o earth_n 24._o corruption_n happen_v from_o want_n of_o nourishment_n and_o that_o by_o heat_n by_o which_o the_o plant_n be_v as_o it_o be_v scorch_v the_o humidity_n thereof_o be_v c_z exhaust_v by_o the_o vehemency_n of_o heat_n 25._o and_o there_o be_v two_o season_n especial_o wherein_o plant_n be_v expose_v to_o this_o injury_n the_o one_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o bud_v because_o than_o they_o be_v more_o laxi_fw-la the_o other_o when_o they_o bear_v fruit_n when_o their_o juice_n be_v exhaust_v and_o make_v weak_a 26._o that_o be_v call_v partial_a corruption_n or_o sideration_n when_o the_o native_a heat_n of_o any_o part_n be_v extinguish_v either_o by_o cold_a or_o heat_n or_o with_o a_o wound_n mortification_n of_o that_o part_n follow_v 27._o furthermore_o some_o kind_n of_o plant_n grow_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o some_o be_v propagate_v by_o the_o art_n and_o industry_n of_o man_n 28._o such_o arise_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n of_o seed_n as_o be_v either_o manifest_a or_o obscure_a 29._o those_o that_o grow_v of_o manifest_a seed_n have_v but_o one_o manner_n of_o rise_v as_o in_o all_o herbareous_a plant_n that_o be_v sow_v of_o seed_n and_o other_o be_v propagate_v divers_a manner_n of_o way_n 30._o from_o manifest_a seed_n after_o this_o manner_n seed_n fall_v into_o the_o moist_a earth_n be_v thereby_o soften_v and_o be_v cherish_v both_o with_o natural_a and_o celestial_a heat_n and_o so_o swell_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o humour_n flow_v into_o they_o from_o the_o earth_n it_o break_v and_o out_o of_o that_o part_n which_o be_v break_v a_o certain_a soft_a and_o tender_a sprout_n do_v grow_v &_o by_o so_o little_a become_v more_o firm_a and_o crass_a one_o part_n whereof_o be_v partaker_n of_o the_o airy_a nature_n ascend_v up_o the_o other_o which_o be_v terrestrial_a and_o crass_a reside_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o there_o coaâ—…esces_fw-la 31._o so_o then_o plant_n arise_v â—…rom_o seed_n be_v cherish_v by_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o earth_n decoct_v â—…y_a heat_n and_o attract_v by_o their_o â—…nternal_a nature_n 32._o but_o the_o time_n of_o sprout_v of_o plant_n be_v not_o one_o and_o the_o same_o d_o for_o some_o do_v begin_v to_o grow_v within_o three_o day_n as_o the_o bafil_n and_o rape_n some_o on_o the_o four_o day_n as_o lettuce_n some_o on_o the_o five_o as_o the_o gourd_n some_o on_o the_o six_o as_o beet_n some_o on_o the_o eight_o as_o arach_n some_o on_o the_o ten_o as_o colwort_n leek_n in_o twenty_o day_n smallidg_n forty_o or_o fifty_o last_o of_o all_o pyony_n and_o mandrake_n â—…rce_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o whole_a year_n 33._o the_o cause_n of_o this_o diversity_n of_o sprouting_n be_v these_o first_o 〈◊〉_d strength_n of_o form_n second_o the_o strength_n or_o weakness_n of_o their_o inward_a heat_n three_o the_o variety_n or_o density_n fatness_n or_o hardness_n of_o the_o seed_n for_o in_o hard_a and_o dense_a body_n the_o humour_n can_v be_v illicit_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n so_o ready_o whereby_o seed_n must_v swell_v before_o it_o erupt_v 34._o certain_a plant_n e_z according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o theophrastus_n be_v say_v to_o grow_v without_o evident_a or_o manifest_a seed_n and_o he_o declare_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v a_o certain_a permistion_n of_o earth_n and_o putrefy_a water_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v preserve_v both_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o matter_n render_v a_o fit_a generation_n of_o spontaneous_a plant_n 35._o this_o opinion_n be_v probable_a enough_o for_o as_o a_o strange_a heat_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o putretude_n so_o also_o into_o thing_n of_o new_a form_n which_o be_v putrefy_a and_o he_o make_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n to_o be_v a_o beneficial_a induction_n therâ—…_n 36._o but_o beside_o these_o the_o air_n and_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o sprouting_n of_o such_o plant_n as_o grow_v spontaneous_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o according_a to_o the_o various_a station_n of_o first_o and_o second_o quality_n in_o substance_n various_a mutation_n and_o generation_n of_o thing_n may_v be_v make_v 37._o moreover_o a_o plant_n sometime_o be_v produce_v out_o of_o a_o hard_a stone_n which_o happen_v when_o air_n be_v include_v therein_o and_o endeavour_n to_o asâ—…end_v but_o when_o it_o can_v find_v a_o passage_n it_o be_v reflect_v and_o so_o wax_v hot_a by_o its_o agitation_n whereby_o it_o draw_v the_o humour_n of_o the_o stone_n to_o itself_o that_o vapour_n with_o the_o humour_n break_v out_o and_o of_o that_o vapour_n and_o humour_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o stone_n a_o plant_n be_v engender_v by_o the_o concurrent_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n arist._n lib._n 2._o de_fw-la plantis_fw-la c._n 5._o 38._o furthermore_o plant_v be_v various_o propagate_v by_o the_o art_n and_o industry_n of_o man_n by_o set_v of_o root_n or_o engraft_v young_a slip_n 39_o by_o set_v of_o root_n as_o liquorice_n lily_n for_o these_o do_v easy_o attract_v aliment_n and_o so_o live_v 40._o by_o engraft_v or_o plant_v and_o that_o either_o by_o fasten_v they_o in_o the_o earth_n or_o upon_o the_o stock_n of_o a_o tree_n 41._o plant_v or_o fix_v in_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o rose_n willow_n vine_n mulberry_n which_o be_v call_v a_o propagation_n 42._o engraft_a upon_o the_o stock_n of_o a_o tree_n by_o thrust_v a_o slip_n into_o the_o wood_n of_o another_o which_o proper_o indeed_o be_v call_v insition_n as_o a_o appletree_n into_o a_o pear-tree_n 43._o indeed_o most_o plant_n may_v be_v propagate_v all_o these_o way_n as_o olive_n figgs_n and_o cherrytree_n 44._o but_o there_o be_v invent_v other_o manner_n of_o propagation_n more_o artificial_o whereby_o a_o leaf_n dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n to_o bud_v in_o a_o new_a stock_n 45._o but_o it_o be_v a_o question_n not_o to_o be_v contemn_v f_o why_o the_o dissect_a part_n of_o plant_n do_v live_v and_o thereby_o propaga_fw-la ed_z when_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o death_n in_o animal_n this_o be_v say_v to_o happen_v because_o plant_n have_v the_o strength_n and_o force_n of_o the_o soul_n engraft_v within_o they_o and_o so_o diffuse_v over_o all_o their_o part_n heat_v also_o which_o be_v a_o individual_a companion_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o moisture_n gentle_a and_o thin_a and_o therefore_o not_o dissipable_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o animal_n for_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o that_o faculty_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o heart_n 46._o therefore_o part_n of_o a_o bough_n which_o be_v plant_v in_o the_o earth_n do_v preserve_v in_o itself_o heat_n humour_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o by_o that_o attract_a humour_n begin_v to_o swell_v and_o receive_v spirit_n and_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o soul_n it_o detain_v and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o its_o innate_a heat_n it_o distribute_v the_o gross_a part_n of_o the_o humour_n from_o whence_o the_o root_n be_v frame_v and_o the_o thin_a part_n it_o preserve_v which_o cause_v it_o to_o grow_v high_o 47._o the_o same_o manner_n be_v observe_v in_o engraft_v for_o as_o plant_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n as_o out_o of_o a_o womb_n so_o graft_n from_o those_o where_o they_o be_v graft_v do_v preserve_v keep_v and_o attract_v the_o nutriment_n of_o the_o plant_n by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o soul_n and_o heat_n and_o by_o a_o continue_a action_n a_o generation_n of_o part_n be_v make_v 48._o but_o aliment_n which_o the_o graft_n draw_v be_v by_o far_o more_o elaborate_a first_o in_o that_o be_v concoct_v before_o in_o the_o mother_n second_o in_o that_o be_v make_v
aliment_n blood_n into_o the_o general_a mass_n of_o the_o body_n but_o here_o another_o question_n will_v arise_v how_o can_v the_o spirit_n flow_v into_o the_o inward_a and_o most_o remote_a part_n but_o by_o penetration_n and_o dimension_n answer_v some_o body_n be_v crass_a and_o solid_a and_o some_o thin_a and_o tender_a through_o those_o that_o be_v hard_a they_o can_v penetrate_v but_o the_o spirit_n because_o they_o be_v thin_a do_v fly_v all_o manner_n of_o sense_n and_o be_v diffuse_v without_o impediment_n in_o a_o moment_n this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n with_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o celerity_n and_o do_v pervade_v the_o member_n neither_o by_o their_o presence_n fill_v they_o nor_o by_o their_o absence_n empty_v they_o e_z and_o in_o this_o spirit_n all_o the_o cause_n come_v to_o be_v consider_v the_o matter_n be_v the_o natural_a spirit_n procreate_v in_o the_o liver_n thence_o carry_v by_o the_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la with_o the_o arterious_a blood_n that_o be_v the_o pure_a of_o blood_n upward_o go_v into_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o it_o be_v attenuate_v most_o accurate_o by_o the_o passage_n not_o altogether_o occult_a but_o if_o a_o dog_n be_v dissect_v it_o will_v be_v find_v in_o the_o left_a side_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o strong_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n attenuate_v and_o make_v thin_a the_o vital_a spirit_n it_o be_v form_n its_o rarefaction_n not_o unlike_a to_o the_o tenuity_n of_o a_o little_a flame_n its_o end_n be_v to_o conserve_v life_n diffuse_v from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o artery_n into_o the_o universal_a body_n f_o the_o matter_n of_o this_o spirit_n be_v that_o vital_a which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o crevice_n of_o the_o artery_n to_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o it_o do_v slide_v thereinto_o as_o into_o a_o net_n which_o be_v place_v there_o by_o nature_n as_o a_o labyrinth_n for_o when_o any_o matter_n will_v exact_o elaborate_v it_o do_v devise_v a_o long_o stay_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o coction_n and_o afterward_o by_o another_o context_n be_v intromit_v into_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v motion_n but_o chief_o the_o proper_a force_n of_o the_o solid_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n whereby_o this_o spirit_n do_v exact_o elaborate_a and_o so_o become_v animal_n the_o form_n of_o it_o be_v rarefaction_n make_v perfect_a by_o the_o degeneration_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n into_o the_o animal_n its_o end_n be_v to_o show_v a_o sensitive_a and_o move_a faculty_n with_o great_a celerity_n from_o the_o middle_a ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o nerve_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n by_o which_o spirit_n the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v apprehend_v in_o man_n of_o reason_n and_o memory_n if_o its_o force_n or_o motion_n be_v not_o hinder_v chap._n 9_o of_o the_o similar_v part_n of_o a_o animate_v body_n 1._o have_v expound_v the_o contain_v part_n the_o continent_n do_v follow_v which_o consist_v of_o substance_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o firmness_n and_o solidity_n they_o have_v 2._o and_o they_o be_v either_o homogeneous_a or_o heterogeneous_a similar_v or_o dissimilar_v 3._o a_o similar_v a_o part_n be_v that_o which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o simile_n according_a to_o the_o particle_n of_o sense_n and_o into_o the_o same_o species_n 4._o of_o similar_v part_n some_o be_v spermatical_a other_o carnous_a 5._o the_o spermatick_a part_n be_v those_o which_o be_v generate_v immediate_o of_o the_o crassament_n of_o seed_n and_o so_o coalesce_v into_o hard_a substance_n 6._o of_o which_o sort_n be_v bone_n cartilage_n ligament_n membrane_n nerve_n artery_n vein_n fibres_n fat_n be_v skin_n 7._o bones_o be_v the_o hard_a part_n b_o of_o animate_v dry_a and_o cold_a beget_v of_o the_o crassament_n of_o seed_n by_o exustion_n to_o the_o stability_n of_o the_o whole_a 8._o these_o be_v endow_v with_o no_o sense_n because_o first_o no_o nerve_n be_v disseminated_a by_o their_o substance_n second_o if_o they_o be_v sensible_a they_o can_v not_o endure_v daily_a labour_n without_o great_a pain_n and_o that_o sensation_n will_v either_o take_v away_o the_o great_a part_n of_o action_n or_o render_v it_o frustraneous_a 9_o a_o cartilege_n c_o be_v a_o kin_n to_o these_o which_o be_v a_o substance_n or_o part_n a_o little_o soft_a than_o bone_n and_o hard_a than_o any_o other_o member_n and_o flexible_a after_o a_o certain_a manner_n make_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o motion_n in_o its_o destinate_a part_n 10._o a_o ligament_n d_o be_v a_o simple_a part_n of_o the_o body_n hard_a and_o beget_v of_o seed_n yet_o soft_a than_o a_o cartilege_n and_o yield_v to_o the_o touch_n knit_v the_o bone_n together_o 11._o a_o certain_a portion_n of_o these_o be_v call_v tendous_a which_o be_v a_o similar_v part_n beget_v of_o fibres_n nerve_n and_o ligament_n mix_v in_o a_o muscle_n all_o which_o be_v call_v article_n 12._o a_o membrane_n be_v a_o similar_v part_n beget_v of_o seed_n tender_a cover_v several_a other_o part_n 13._o the_o nerve_n be_v spermatick_a part_n arise_v from_o the_o brain_n or_o backbone_n the_o interior_a part_n of_o the_o marrow_n the_o exterior_a of_o the_o membrane_n carry_v the_o animal_n spirit_n to_o sense_n and_o motion_n 14._o they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o soft_a or_o hard_a 15._o they_o be_v soft_a which_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n 16._o and_o they_o be_v seven_o conjugation_n for_o none_o of_o all_o the_o nerve_n be_v simple_a but_o all_o conjugate_v whence_o they_o be_v call_v paria_fw-la nervorum_fw-la 17._o the_o chief_a of_o these_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o be_v call_v the_o visive_a or_o optic_a nerve_n carry_v the_o faculty_n of_o see_v unto_o they_o 18._o the_o second_o propagation_n of_o move_v of_o the_o nerve_n be_v the_o eye_n 19_o the_o three_o society_n be_v partly_o scatter_a into_o the_o tunicle_n of_o the_o tongue_n to_o propagate_v to_o the_o taste_n and_o part_v disperse_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o face_n 20._o the_o four_o conjugation_n be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n disperse_v in_o the_o palate_n 21._o the_o five_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o auditory_a passage_n to_o the_o drum_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o they_o be_v call_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n 22._o the_o six_o be_v a_o large_a portion_n of_o nerve_n wander_v and_o run_v almost_o through_o all_o the_o bowel_n 23._o the_o seven_o arise_v from_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o backbone_n and_o insert_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o be_v say_v to_o move_v the_o tongue_n 24._o the_o crasser_n nerve_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o more_o obtuser_n faculty_n and_o they_o do_v come_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o backbone_n carry_v sense_n and_o motion_n to_o the_o internal_a part_n 25._o and_o thirty_o of_o these_o be_v alike_o and_o combine_v seven_o to_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n twelve_o to_o the_o thorax_n five_o to_o the_o lung_n six_o to_o the_o sacred_a bone_n all_o which_o do_v disperse_v themselves_o like_o bough_n into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n 26._o the_o artery_n f_o be_v hollow_a vessel_n long_o have_v two_o tunicle_n and_o those_o crass_a and_o substantial_a ordain_v for_o the_o deduce_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o for_o temperate_n and_o expurge_v of_o the_o heart_n and_o other_o part_n to_o heat_n 27._o and_o they_o do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n of_o which_o two_o principal_a artery_n do_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o left_a side_n thereof_o from_o which_o two_o all_o the_o other_o take_v their_o original_n arteria_fw-la aorta_fw-la et_fw-la arteria_fw-la venosa_fw-la 28._o the_o great_a artery_n aorta_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o other_o artery_n and_o do_v carry_v the_o vital_a spirit_n to_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n 29._o the_o venous_a artery_n be_v stretch_v out_o like_o a_o quill_n from_o the_o same_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o liver_n from_o whence_o it_o bring_v air_n to_o cool_v the_o heart_n 30._o a_o vein_n g_z be_v a_o similar_v part_n and_o round_a and_o hollow_a like_v to_o a_o reed_n arise_v from_o the_o liver_n consist_v of_o one_o tunicle_n context_v of_o three_o fibre_n carry_v blood_n for_o nutriment_n together_o with_o the_o natural_a spirit_n to_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n 31._o vein_n be_v distinguish_v into_o principal_n and_o less_o principal_a 32._o the_o principal_a be_v those_o out_o of_o which_o as_o out_o of_o a_o trunk_n or_o stock_n other_o do_v arise_v and_o they_o be_v two_o vena_fw-la porta_fw-la and_o vena_fw-la cava_fw-la 33_o vena_fw-la porta_fw-la be_v a_o great_a vein_n come_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n and_o except_v all_o the_o mesenterian_a vein_n
compel_v they_o into_o one_o of_o the_o ligament_n serve_v the_o artery_n to_o a_o voluntary_a motion_n the_o fibre_n of_o the_o tendon_n grow_v of_o the_o juncture_n be_v join_v among_o themselves_o e_z they_o be_v call_v spermatick_a part_n because_o they_o be_v generate_v of_o seed_n and_o not_o of_o blood_n which_o argue_v that_o their_o colour_n must_v be_v white_a and_o cold_a in_o substance_n all_o nerve_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o not_o from_o the_o heart_n as_o aristotle_n imagine_v their_o use_n be_v to_o carry_v that_o animal_n spirit_n get_v in_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o motive_n and_o sensitive_a faculty_n and_o to_o communicate_v it_o to_o the_o body_n f_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n be_v join_v with_o a_o friendly_a intercourse_n that_o the_o vein_n may_v supply_v they_o with_o matter_n of_o spirit_n for_o the_o spirit_n do_v cherish_v the_o blood_n with_o its_o heat_n in_o the_o artery_n and_o there_o be_v mutual_a orifice_n that_o the_o spirit_n may_v take_v nutriment_n out_o of_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o vein_n spirit_n and_o heat_n out_o of_o the_o artery_n but_o the_o artery_n and_o vein_n do_v differ_v first_o in_o their_o original_n because_o they_o come_v out_o of_o the_o sinister_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n second_o in_o their_o function_n because_o they_o subminister_v vital_a spirit_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n thirdâ—…y_o in_o their_o substance_n for_o the_o arâ—…eries_n so_o likewise_o the_o vein_n do_v â—…onsist_v of_o a_o membranous_a body_n â—…et_v more_o solid_a hard_a and_o conâ—…rmed_v by_o more_o crasser_n tunicle_n now_o a_o tunicle_n be_v twofold_a exterior_a interior_a that_o fiber_n which_o be_v knit_v with_o many_o strait_a and_o crooked_a wind_n have_v the_o like_a crassitude_n and_o firmness_n with_o the_o tunicle_n of_o the_o vein_n but_o this_o have_v five_o time_n a_o more_o hard_a and_o grosser_n substance_n lest_o the_o subtle_a spirit_n shall_v exhale_v and_o the_o artery_n itself_o be_v break_v with_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n four_o in_o motion_n for_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v without_o intermission_n by_o dilatation_n and_o contraction_n when_o dilate_a they_o draw_v the_o cold_a air_n and_o when_o contract_v cast_v out_o hot_a fume_n g_z this_o question_n be_v move_v by_o physician_n and_o philosopher_n about_o the_o vein_n whether_o they_o have_v a_o force_n or_o faculty_n to_o generate_v blood_n some_o maintain_v it_o that_o the_o blood_n which_o the_o vein_n contain_v within_o themselves_o to_o elaborate_v more_o exquisite_o and_o to_o be_v make_v by_o a_o insited_a force_n and_o faculty_n and_o therefore_o in_o that_o blood_n that_o the_o chief_a degree_n of_o perfection_n be_v get_v but_o the_o falsity_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v easy_o know_v by_o those_o who_o diligent_o mark_v the_o thin_a tunicle_n of_o the_o vein_n and_o its_o white_a substance_n now_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o nature_n that_o every_o part_n of_o the_o body_n shall_v be_v convert_v to_o the_o other_o and_o transmute_v into_o its_o colour_n then_o how_o can_v the_o vein_n with_o their_o thinness_n and_o whiteness_n change_v white_a chyle_n and_o gross_a into_o red_a and_o pure_a blood_n therefore_o more_o true_a be_v that_o opinion_n that_o the_o generation_n of_o blood_n be_v only_o the_o work_n of_o the_o liver_n which_o do_v make_v blood_n by_o a_o certain_a force_n and_o faculty_n within_o itself_o seat_v all_o the_o sanguifick_a force_n be_v give_v to_o the_o vein_n yet_o they_o receive_v it_o from_o the_o liver_n as_o avicen_n demonstrate_v h_n aristotle_n and_o hypocrates_n do_v prove_v that_o fibre_n do_v concrete_a the_o blood_n by_o their_o frigidity_n because_o that_o blood_n out_o of_o which_o fibre_n be_v take_v can_v never_o be_v concrete_v by_o any_o cold_a for_o when_o blood_n be_v let_v out_o of_o the_o vein_n if_o it_o do_v not_o concrete_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o death_n ay_o fat_a be_v the_o matter_n of_o blood_n and_o although_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o cream_n of_o blood_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v cold_a and_o without_o blood_n degenerate_v into_o fat_a by_o the_o want_n of_o heat_n and_o frigidity_n of_o the_o membrane_n it_o consist_v of_o coldness_n and_o dryness_n because_o by_o heat_n it_o be_v melt_v and_o by_o the_o humidity_n of_o other_o part_n coagulate_v by_o cold_a the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o want_n of_o heat_n which_o be_v thus_o prove_v because_o you_o shall_v find_v no_o fat_a as_o to_o any_o quantity_n about_o the_o liver_n or_o the_o heart_n or_o any_o other_o hot_a part_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o those_o part_n k_o take_v this_o as_o another_o definition_n of_o the_o cutis_fw-la the_o skin_n be_v a_o thin_a part_n membranous_a porous_a endow_v with_o blood_n the_o tegument_n or_o cover_v of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o as_o it_o be_v easy_o take_v away_o by_o accident_n so_o it_o do_v easy_o grow_v again_o which_o denote_v thus_o much_o that_o the_o skin_n be_v not_o altogether_o endow_v with_o a_o sensitive_a faculty_n but_o only_o so_o far_o as_o it_o have_v the_o nerve_n and_o of_o the_o faculty_n of_o blood_n in_o it_o and_o whereas_o it_o be_v define_v to_o be_v membranous_a that_o be_v smooth_a simple_a thin_a and_o white_a and_o that_o it_o have_v a_o middle_a nature_n between_o flesh_n and_o nerve_n for_o neither_o be_v it_o altogether_o without_o blood_n as_o the_o nerve_n be_v so_o neither_o do_v it_o abound_v with_o blood_n as_o the_o flesh_n do_v whence_o it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o temperament_n and_o indeed_o the_o skin_n about_o the_o hand_n in_o it_o there_o be_v the_o most_o exquisite_a and_o perfect_a faculty_n of_o sense_n but_o not_o so_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o skin_n be_v porous_a that_o it_o may_v thereby_o attract_v the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o expulse_v the_o excrementitious_a vapour_n of_o the_o body_n now_o the_o excrement_n which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o pore_n be_v sweat_n sweat_n be_v a_o excrementitious_a humidity_n of_o the_o three_o coction_n break_v out_o by_o the_o skin_n in_o the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o water_n the_o matter_n of_o sweat_n be_v the_o whole_a humidity_n which_o be_v get_v in_o meat_n and_o drink_n which_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o all_o animal_n because_o it_o may_v make_v way_n for_o other_o aliment_n and_o not_o long_o lie_v in_o the_o vessel_n it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la with_o urine_n only_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o the_o urine_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o bladder_n this_o with_o blood_n a_o long_a passage_n through_o the_o body_n its_o efficient_a cause_n be_v heat_n but_o not_o so_o vehement_a as_o to_o have_v a_o dry_a faculty_n but_o moist_a so_o calefy_v the_o nature_n of_o sweat_n by_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n that_o it_o become_v thin_a and_o so_o soften_v the_o skin_n by_o relaxation_n that_o it_o may_v the_o better_o pass_v through_o those_o who_o skin_n be_v hard_a and_o thick_a be_v very_o unapt_a to_o sweat_v l_o flesh_n may_v be_v take_v either_o proper_o or_o improper_o when_o proper_o take_v then_o absolute_o that_o which_o be_v describe_v by_o we_o and_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o the_o muscle_n for_o the_o substance_n of_o they_o do_v true_o and_o proper_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o flesh_n that_o which_o be_v take_v improper_o be_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o bowel_n generate_v of_o blood_n pour_v out_o as_o the_o liver_n heart_n and_o lung_n chap._n 10._o of_o external_n dissimilar_v part_n 1._o hitherto_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o similar_v part_n now_o of_o dissimilar_v or_o organical_a which_o be_v diverse_o compound_v of_o the_o similar_v 2._o and_o they_o be_v either_o external_a or_o internal_a 3._o the_o external_a part_n be_v first_o the_o head_n second_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o body_n three_o the_o artus_fw-la under_o which_o we_o comprehend_v the_o arm_n and_o foot_n 4._o the_o head_n be_v the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o body_n globular_a set_v upon_o the_o neck_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o animal_n faculty_n 5._o its_o part_n that_o be_v external_a be_v chief_o the_o skull_n and_o the_o face_n 6._o the_o skull_n be_v a_o craf_v bone_n of_o the_o head_n round_o distinguish_v into_o twenty_o bone_n and_o certain_a future_n cover_v the_o brain_n environ_v it_o on_o every_o side_n 7._o its_o bone_n be_v thus_o distinguish_v there_o be_v two_o in_o the_o crown_n one_o in_o the_o front_n two_o in_o the_o temple_n one_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o wedge_n another_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o sieve_n twelve_o in_o the_o superior_a jaw_n and_o one_o in_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n 8._o there_o be_v three_o suture_n the_o first_o be_v transverse_v the_o crown_n go_v from_o towards_o one_o ear_n to_o the_o
they_o can_v breathe_v long_o they_o cease_v to_o live_v but_o infect_v do_v live_v though_o they_o can_v breathe_v for_o when_o they_o be_v cut_v in_o two_o part_n they_o will_v live_v in_o each_o part_n whereas_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o a_o animal_n shall_v breathe_v observe_v this_o last_o argument_n to_o impugn_v all_o the_o ancient_n opinion_n fish_n do_v therefore_o breath_n because_o the_o life_n of_o animal_n consist_v not_o without_o breath_n these_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o arist._n deny_v fish_n to_o breath_n but_o because_o there_o be_v a_o heart_n in_o they_o therefore_o they_o have_v need_v to_o have_v their_o heat_n temperate_v and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v so_o temperate_v they_o draw_v in_o by_o their_o gills_o water_n for_o air_n and_o let_v it_o out_o by_o the_o same_o for_o as_o in_o man_n the_o lung_n and_o the_o thorax_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o down_o in_o breathe_v so_o the_o gills_o of_o fish_n be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v in_o draw_v in_o of_o water_n to_o temper_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o when_o the_o gills_o be_v dilate_v they_o draw_v in_o some_o small_a portion_n of_o water_n which_o be_v convey_v by_o certain_a passage_n to_o the_o heart_n which_o cool_v the_o heat_n thereof_o and_o when_o their_o gills_o be_v contract_v the_o water_n again_o be_v expel_v some_o do_v stiff_o oppugn_v these_o opinion_n who_o reason_n we_o shall_v now_o consider_v of_o first_o a_o fish_n be_v a_o animal_n therefore_o breathe_v be_v necessary_a because_o it_o have_v need_v of_o air_n i_o answer_v if_o by_o breathe_v or_o respiration_n they_o understand_v refrigeration_n than_o the_o consequence_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v but_o if_o they_o mean_v the_o attraction_n of_o air_n i_o deny_v it_o for_o the_o spiration_n of_o air_n be_v only_o competent_a to_o those_o animal_n endow_v with_o lung_n but_o fish_n may_v be_v refrigerated_a by_o that_o water_n which_o both_o they_o draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o gills_o second_o air_n be_v contain_v under_o the_o earth_n therefore_o under_o the_o water_n and_o by_o consequence_n fish_n do_v attract_v it_o and_o so_o breath_n ans._n i_o deny_v the_o consequence_n though_o air_n may_v easy_o pierce_v into_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v porous_a cavernous_a and_o dry_a yet_o into_o the_o water_n it_o can_v pierce_v because_o of_o the_o fluidness_n of_o its_o body_n be_v so_o easy_o reduce_v to_o unity_n and_o so_o close_o gather_v itself_o together_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o vacuity_n for_o air_n for_o if_o a_o staff_n be_v thrust_v into_o the_o water_n and_o draw_v out_o again_o there_o will_v be_v no_o holâ—…_n leave_v or_o resemblance_n where_o it_o be_v but_o will_v forthwith_o rise_v up_o and_o swim_v at_o top_n but_o if_o it_o be_v fix_v into_o the_o earth_n the_o hole_n whereinto_o it_o be_v put_v will_v remain_v which_o be_v immediate_o fill_v with_o air_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o breathe_a faculty_n of_o mole_n under_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o take_v away_o because_o they_o always_o make_v a_o hole_n whereby_o they_o receive_v breath_n but_o now_o in_o water_n no_o pore_n or_o passage_n can_v be_v apprehend_v whereby_o air_n may_v be_v attract_v therefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o fish_n shall_v breathe_v therein_o three_o fish_n do_v breathe_v by_o their_o gills_o therefore_o breath_n be_v draw_v by_o they_o though_o not_o in_o the_o usual_a manner_n i_o answer_v that_o some_o spiration_n iâ—…_n manifest_a or_o perfect_a some_o obscure_a and_o imperfect_a it_o be_v manifest_a in_o those_o animal_n that_o be_v endow_v with_o the_o organ_n of_o spiration_n and_o than_o it_o be_v proper_o call_v respiration_n but_o that_o â—…tion_n of_o the_o fish_n gills_o be_v more_o right_o term_v transpiration_n and_o only_o answer_v by_o analogy_n to_o the_o true_a spiration_n for_o as_o their_o part_n viz._n lung_n and_o gills_o differ_v in_o species_n so_o also_o their_o function_n differ_v for_o as_o the_o wing_n oâ—…_n bird_n and_o fin_n of_o fish_n do_v agree_v analogical_o in_o themselves_o as_o to_o the_o efficient_a cause_n viz._n of_o motion_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la because_o fish_n by_o their_o fin_n do_v not_o fly_v as_o bird_n by_o their_o wing_n but_o swim_v so_o those_o gills_o that_o be_v give_v to_o fish_n in_o stead_n of_o lung_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o species_n with_o the_o lung_n of_o animal_n the_o four_o be_v take_v from_o experience_n if_o fish_n be_v put_v into_o a_o vessel_n with_o a_o narrow_a orifice_n fill_v half_o full_a of_o water_n and_o so_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o vessel_n stop_v there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o desire_n in_o they_o of_o the_o enjoy_v of_o the_o air_n that_o they_o strive_v who_o shall_v be_v uppermost_a swim_v one_o upon_o another_o for_o no_o other_o cause_n then_o a_o desire_n to_o be_v next_o the_o air_n scaliger_n answer_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o so_o much_o struggle_v be_v not_o for_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o air_n but_o the_o avoid_n of_o their_o close_a imprisonment_n endeavour_v to_o find_v a_o way_n out_o of_o the_o vessel_n to_o free_v themselves_o from_o that_o scarcity_n of_o water_n into_o a_o place_n of_o more_o plenty_n and_o liberty_n five_o if_o a_o vessel_n full_a of_o water_n and_o with_o a_o row_n orifice_n be_v close_o cover_v the_o fish_n that_o be_v encloister_v within_o be_v sudden_o suffocate_v because_o no_o air_n can_v come_v unto_o they_o therefore_o it_o be_v absolute_a necessary_a for_o fish_n to_o breathe_v under_o the_o water_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o life_n this_o if_o it_o be_v true_a i_o thus_o answer_v if_o so_o than_o it_o may_v be_v judge_v to_o happen_v rather_o from_o the_o defect_n of_o the_o celestial_a light_n than_o air_n for_o thereby_o force_n and_o heat_n be_v add_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o light_n for_o all_o animate_v thing_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o this_o celestial_a spirit_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o life_n again_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o fish_n include_v in_o a_o vessel_n be_v suffocate_v it_o must_v happen_v that_o the_o water_n be_v deprive_v of_o air_n lose_v it_o nature_n scaliger_n exer._n 275_o for_o it_o be_v preserve_v from_o corruption_n by_o the_o air_n as_o from_o a_o superior_a form_n therefore_o it_o kill_v the_o fish_n but_o to_o conclude_v if_o fish_n shall_v die_v for_o want_v of_o air_n how_o come_v they_o to_o live_v where_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v all_o over_o many_o thousand_o of_o pace_n together_o or_o can_v they_o receive_v air_n through_o the_o ice_n therefore_o the_o objection_n of_o our_o antagonist_n be_v frothy_a and_o vain_a l_o infect_v be_v call_v by_o the_o greek_n entoma_n because_o they_o have_v body_n distinguish_v some_o into_o two_o three_o and_o some_o more_o incisure_n and_o they_o have_v in_o stead_n of_o blood_n a_o certain_a vital_a juiâ—…e_n or_o humour_n which_o be_v analogous_n to_o blood_n which_o assoon_o as_o it_o be_v exhaust_v they_o perish_v and_o because_o those_o infect_v want_n blood_n their_o nature_n be_v cold_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o they_o breathe_v not_o for_o breath_n be_v give_v to_o animal_n by_o nature_n to_o â—…ool_v the_o blood_n and_o because_o those_o infect_v say_v aristotle_n want_v bowel_n therefore_o they_o leave_v no_o respiration_n because_o they_o have_v no_o convenient_a organ_n for_o that_o use_n but_o against_o this_o receive_a opinion_n of_o aristotle_n pliny_n object_n that_o infect_v do_v breathe_v which_o he_o maintain_v by_o two_o argument_n first_o that_o many_o kind_n of_o infect_v do_v put_v forth_o a_o certain_a noise_n as_o bee_n and_o those_o that_o want_v wing_n other_o to_o sing_v as_o grasshopper_n so_o also_o gnat_n &_o fly_n make_v a_o certain_a buzz_n &_o noise_n which_o can_v be_v except_o they_o receive_v air_n i_o answer_v when_o bee_n and_o fly_n make_v a_o noise_n it_o happen_v by_o the_o agitation_n of_o the_o interior_a spirit_n and_o not_o the_o exterior_a for_o those_o infect_v that_o seem_v to_o sing_v as_o grasshopper_n do_v make_v a_o noiâ—…e_n from_o the_o agitation_n of_o the_o include_v spirit_n fret_v as_o it_o be_v against_o that_o membrane_n with_o which_o their_o body_n be_v wrap_v for_o they_o do_v not_o make_v a_o noise_n by_o the_o attract_v of_o spirit_n at_o the_o mouth_n for_o they_o alone_o in_o the_o universal_a genus_fw-la of_o animal_n by_o the_o observation_n of_o aristotle_n want_v mouth_n second_o infect_v be_v endow_v with_o smell_v but_o smell_v can_v be_v effect_v but_o with_o the_o attraction_n of_o air_n by_o respiration_n therefore_o they_o breathe_v i_o answer_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_v be_v far_o different_a in_o these_o infect_v from_o that_o in_o other_o sanguineous_a animal_n for_o they_o have_v this_o
censory_a hide_a within_o the_o skull_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v perceive_v odour_n but_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n introsume_v but_o infect_v do_v not_o perceive_v odour_n by_o the_o attraction_n of_o air_n but_o by_o the_o alone_a presence_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v smell_v at_o the_o censory_a which_o organ_n in_o they_o be_v always_o open_a and_o expose_v to_o smell_v not_o unlike_a to_o the_o eye_n of_o those_o animal_n that_o have_v no_o lid_n nor_o cover_v but_o always_o open_a m_n the_o material_a cause_n of_o infect_v be_v double_a as_o the_o infect_v themselves_o be_v of_o two_o kind_n for_o some_o be_v get_v of_o slimy_a earth_n and_o putrid_a mud_n as_o for_o example_n from_o putrify_a potherb_n the_o canker_n or_o palmer-worm_n from_o putrid_a water_n the_o gnat_n from_o decay_a wine_n the_o midge_n from_o slime_n worm_n from_o mud_n frog_n other_o arise_v from_o a_o mix_a putretude_n as_o beetle_n from_o the_o karcass_n of_o a_o ass_n bee_n from_o a_o bull_n wasp_n from_o a_o horse_n and_o as_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o infect_v so_o there_o be_v also_o a_o double_a efficient_a cause_n of_o they_o for_o they_o which_o take_v their_o rise_n from_o putrid_a matter_n their_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n diffuse_v in_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n but_o they_o which_o be_v get_v of_o a_o mix_a and_o cadaverous_a putretude_n be_v procreate_v mere_o from_o the_o proper_a heat_n of_o the_o mix_a putretude_n for_o that_o heat_n do_v dispose_v the_o matter_n and_o produce_v a_o substantial_a form_n of_o the_o same_o not_o by_o its_o proper_a force_n for_o a_o accident_n can_v make_v a_o live_a substance_n but_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o celestial_a heat_n but_o some_o may_v say_v that_o heat_n of_o mixture_n be_v break_v in_o putretude_n if_o putretude_n be_v the_o corruption_n of_o heat_n natural_a therefore_o the_o heat_n of_o a_o mix_a body_n putrefy_a can_v be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o infect_v i_o answer_v in_o the_o natural_a decay_n of_o mixture_n simple_o all_o heat_n do_v not_o vanish_v so_o that_o none_o may_v be_v say_v to_o remain_v but_o break_v as_o natural_a and_o according_a to_o that_o measure_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o retain_v the_o humidity_n with_o the_o â—…iccity_n as_o in_o the_o destruction_n death_n or_o decay_n of_o live_a creature_n all_o heat_n simple_o do_v not_o vanish_v but_o that_o only_a which_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o existence_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o the_o body_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o life_n therefore_o that_o heat_n which_o be_v yet_o leave_v in_o a_o mix_a putretude_n have_v reason_n to_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o infect_v but_o some_o may_v further_o instance_n that_o heat_n in_o the_o generation_n of_o mixture_n aught_o to_o domineer_v passive_o not_o active_o according_a to_o aristotle_n who_o say_v that_o heat_n and_o cold_a do_v generate_v when_o they_o overcome_v and_o rule_v in_o passives_n but_o in_o putretude_n the_o heat_n of_o mixture_n do_v not_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o dominion_n because_o its_o want_n strength_n and_o vigour_n and_o be_v so_o unfurnished_a that_o it_o can_v retain_v the_o moist_a with_o the_o dry_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o mixture_n therefore_o it_o can_v be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o infect_v which_o infect_v be_v procreate_v of_o the_o unity_n and_o consistency_n of_o humidity_n and_o sicâ—…ity_n i_o answer_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o body_n putrefy_a may_v be_v consider_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n either_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o mixture_n which_o do_v putrefy_v or_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o animal_n which_o be_v produce_v from_o that_o mixture_n if_o it_o be_v consider_v after_o the_o first_o manner_n than_o it_o be_v preternatural_a and_o not_o fit_a to_o retain_v the_o humidity_n with_o the_o siccity_n because_o it_o do_v not_o further_a rule_n in_o these_o passive_a quality_n but_o if_o heat_n be_v consider_v in_o the_o second_o respect_n than_o it_o be_v natural_a and_o have_v force_n and_o dominion_n over_o the_o moist_a and_o dry_a and_o it_o can_v terminate_v and_o couple_v they_o and_o out_o of_o that_o matter_n produce_v a_o substantial_a form_n by_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o celestial_a heat_n but_o now_o as_o the_o matter_n be_v various_a and_o diverse_a in_o which_o heat_n do_v exercise_v its_o action_n so_o likewise_o various_a and_o divers_a animal_n and_o infect_v be_v produce_v for_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v much_o terrene_a and_o corpulent_a than_o it_o will_v produce_v testaceous_a animal_n but_o if_o tender_a thin_a and_o subtle_a than_o heat_n do_v generate_v slender_a animal_n as_o fly_n gnat_n etc._n etc._n for_o as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v much_o of_o a_o earthly_a substance_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o from_o the_o concretion_n thereof_o so_o many_o shell-fish_n be_v procreate_v but_o again_o it_o may_v be_v object_v by_o some_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v generate_v must_v proceed_v from_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v like_a to_o itself_o for_o a_o celestial_a body_n and_o heat_n be_v not_o similar_v to_o those_o which_o do_v arise_v from_o coenous_a and_o putrid_a matter_n therefore_o from_o these_o they_o can_v right_o be_v say_v to_o be_v generate_v i_o answer_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v generate_v be_v say_v to_o be_v generate_v from_o its_o simile_n either_o according_a to_o a_o univocal_a generation_n or_o a_o equivocal_a generation_n by_o analogy_n i_o call_v that_o a_o univocal_a generation_n when_o one_o man_n beget_v another_o or_o one_o dog_n another_o for_o here_o the_o thing_n get_v and_o the_o thing_n beget_v be_v of_o one_o genus_fw-la for_o the_o bitch_n generate_a be_v a_o animal_n and_o the_o dog_n generate_v be_v a_o animal_n but_o a_o equivocal_a generation_n be_v make_v by_o similitude_n as_o a_o frog_n that_o be_v produce_v out_o of_o filth_n by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o it_o be_v so_o call_v because_o the_o thing_n get_v and_o the_o thing_n get_v be_v heterogeneous_a but_o now_o although_o the_o infect_v proceed_v from_o such_o like_a body_n be_v not_o similar_v according_a to_o the_o univocal_a genus_fw-la yet_o they_o be_v generate_v a_o simile_n according_a to_o the_o equivocal_a genus_fw-la by_o analogy_n because_o they_o be_v produce_v by_o some_o existent_a act_n as_o by_o a_o celestial_a body_n or_o the_o like_a which_o concur_v in_o the_o way_n of_o act_n to_o produce_v a_o body_n chap._n 15._o of_o man_n and_o his_o formation_n in_o the_o womb._n 1._o hitherto_o we_o have_v treat_v of_o irrational_a creature_n now_o we_o shall_v say_v something_o of_o the_o rational_a viz._n man._n 2._o man_n be_v a_o a_o animal_n endow_v with_o reason_n 3._o and_o as_o he_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a of_o all_o creature_n so_o he_o have_v the_o most_o beautiful_a and_o excellent_a structure_n of_o body_n of_o all_o other_o animal_n be_v erect_a and_o look_v up_o to_o heaven_n 4._o but_o as_o every_o thing_n which_o be_v get_v do_v proceed_v of_o something_o and_o from_o something_o so_o there_o be_v certain_a necessary_a principle_n to_o the_o generation_n of_o man_n body_n 5._o the_o seed_n b_o therefore_o of_o both_o sex_n be_v plentiful_a and_o fruitful_a and_o pronounce_v by_o the_o ancient_n to_o be_v the_o mother-blood_n of_o principle_n 6._o the_o seed_n be_v a_o humid_a body_n spumou_n and_o white_a generate_v from_o the_o flower_n or_o cream_n oâ—…_n the_o spirit_n elaborate_v by_o the_o insited_a force_n of_o the_o stone_n for_o generation_n sake_n 7._o hence_o it_o consist_v of_o two_o part_n of_o a_o waterish_a humidity_n and_o spirit_n 8._o the_o serous_a humidity_n be_v generate_v of_o blood_n whence_o he_o affirm_v seed_n to_o be_v a_o excrement_n of_o the_o last_o sanguineous_a aliment_n not_o in_o substance_n but_o by_o a_o profitable_a abundance_n arist._n 1_o de_fw-fr gen._n anim._n c._n 18_o 29._o 9_o the_o spiritual_a part_n c_z be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o vital_a spirit_n dilate_v by_o the_o spermatick_a artery_n to_o the_o cod_n where_o it_o be_v exquisite_o mix_v with_o blood_n and_o of_o two_o become_v one_o perfect_a body_n therefore_o the_o seed_n be_v compound_v of_o spirit_n and_o water_n 10._o maternal_a blood_n d_o or_o menstruum_fw-la another_o principle_n of_o our_o generation_n be_v a_o sanguineous_a excrement_n beget_v from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o female_a for_o the_o conservation_n of_o her_o species_n 11._o it_o be_v call_v menstruous_a because_o it_o come_v monthly_a which_o nevertheless_o after_o conception_n be_v forthwith_o stop_v 12._o it_o be_v call_v a_o sanguineous_a excrement_n not_o that_o it_o be_v like_o thereunto_o or_o noxious_a in_o its_o quality_n as_o the_o neoteric_o do_v affirm_v but_o that_o it_o be_v too_o luxuriant_a in_o quantity_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v
to_o be_v dearticulate_v and_o absolute_a after_o forty_o five_o day_n live_v at_o first_o the_o imperfect_a life_n as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o plant_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o animal_n and_o at_o last_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n 47._o and_o this_o happen_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o form_n which_o be_v simple_a and_o individual_a but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o matter_n that_o be_v of_o the_o organ_n 48._o but_o the_o embryo_n take_v aliment_n only_o by_o the_o navel_n but_o after_o the_o liver_n be_v make_v it_o minister_n to_o all_o the_o member_n but_o it_o do_v not_o yet_o move_v though_o it_o have_v life_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o imbecility_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o softness_n of_o nerve_n 49._o the_o weak_a and_o tender_a member_n of_o the_o infant_n by_o little_a and_o little_o be_v dry_v by_o heat_n and_o so_o make_v more_o solid_a and_o then_o the_o young_a begin_v to_o feel_v by_o perfect_a sensory_n and_o by_o and_o by_o to_o be_v move_v in_o the_o womb_n 50._o but_o a_o man-child_n do_v move_n soon_o than_o a_o female_a for_o boy_n because_o they_o be_v conform_v in_o thirty_o day_n do_v move_v on_o the_o nineti_v day_n which_o complete_o make_v three_o month_n but_o because_o the_o female_a be_v frame_v in_o forty_o or_o forty_o two_o day_n she_o move_v not_o till_o the_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o day_n which_o be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o four_o month_n 51._o and_o the_o infant_n be_v nourish_v and_o do_v increase_v all_o this_o space_n of_o time_n and_o when_o it_o be_v ripe_a it_o be_v bring_v forth_o partly_o by_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o it_o be_v burden_a with_o its_o weight_n and_o abundance_n of_o excrement_n it_o strive_v to_o be_v exonerate_v &_o partly_o by_o its_o proper_a motion_n for_o the_o necessity_n of_o breathe_v the_o want_n of_o aliment_n and_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n do_v enforce_v the_o young_a to_o endeavour_v a_o passage_n out_o 52._o at_o the_o time_n of_o birth_n the_o door_n be_v open_v which_o immediate_o after_o delivery_n be_v shut_v again_o this_o we_o see_v do_v say_v galen_n but_o how_o it_o be_v do_v we_o know_v not_o only_o we_o may_v admire_v it_o avicen_n call_v it_o a_o work_n to_o be_v wonder_v at_o above_o all_o wonder_n 53._o the_o womb_n be_v open_v the_o infant_n begin_v to_o come_v out_o by_o the_o head_n and_o by_o many_o painful_a throw_n it_o draw_v out_o and_o bring_v with_o it_o three_o membrane_n and_o thus_o by_o the_o prescript_n of_o nature_n be_v we_o bear_v into_o the_o world_n 54._o the_o time_n of_o bring_v forth_o be_v not_o full_o define_v nor_o can_v it_o for_o some_o be_v deliver_v at_o seven_o month_n end_n some_o at_o nine_o and_o most_o then_o some_o at_o ten_o but_o seldom_o and_o very_o seldom_o at_o eleven_o but_o in_o the_o eight_o month_n end_n seldom_o any_o be_v deliver_v with_o a_o live_a child_n 55._o and_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o conception_n conformation_n and_o procreation_n of_o the_o noble_a of_o creature_n the_o commentary_n a_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o man_n deliver_v consist_v of_o a_o genus_fw-la and_o difference_n as_o to_o the_o genus_fw-la he_o be_v a_o animal_n and_o as_o to_o the_o difference_n one_o endow_v with_o reason_n and_o in_o this_o it_o be_v that_o man_n have_v a_o prerogative_n dignity_n and_o excellency_n above_o all_o other_o creature_n for_o his_o mind_n which_o be_v divine_a be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n and_o he_o differ_v much_o from_o other_o animal_n and_o as_o it_o be_v exercise_n a_o regality_n over_o they_o for_o be_v not_o lion_n and_o elephant_n tame_v by_o the_o strength_n of_o man_n and_o overcome_v and_o make_v subject_a to_o he_o man_n be_v create_v with_o his_o face_n look_v up_o to_o heaven_n as_o it_o be_v contemplate_v upon_o god_n hence_o ovid_n can_v say_v pronaque_fw-la cum_fw-la spectent_fw-la animalia_fw-la cetera_fw-la terram_fw-la os_fw-la homini_fw-la sublime_a dedit_fw-la caelumque_fw-la tueri_fw-la jussit_fw-la &_o erectos_fw-la ad_fw-la sidera_fw-la tollere_fw-la vultus_fw-la for_o whereas_o god_n create_v all_o other_o animal_n with_o their_o face_n downward_o to_o the_o ground_n man_n alone_z he_o erect_v with_o his_o eye_n fix_v upon_o heaven_n whither_o he_o shall_v tend_v b_o the_o generation_n of_o man_n be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n be_v perfect_o mix_v the_o whole_a do_v proceed_v from_o thence_o therefore_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o man_n body_n be_v the_o seed_n both_o of_o the_o man_n and_o the_o woman_n plentiful_a and_o fruitful_a this_o seed_n do_v consist_v of_o two_o part_n waterish_a humidity_n and_o spirit_n the_o waterish_a humidity_n proceed_v from_o the_o blood_n whence_o aristotle_n affirm_v blood_n to_o be_v a_o profitable_a excrement_n of_o the_o last_o aliment_n that_o be_v of_o the_o sanguineous_a aliment_n i_o say_v it_o be_v a_o excrement_n not_o supervacaneous_a in_o its_o nature_n or_o substance_n as_o stone_n and_o worm_n nor_o in_o its_o quality_n as_o dung_n sweat_v etc._n etc._n but_o only_o in_o its_o abundance_n or_o quantity_n for_o because_o it_o superabound_v from_o nourish_v the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o can_v be_v assimilate_v thereunto_o it_o obtain_v the_o place_n of_o a_o excrement_n c_z the_o spiritual_a part_n of_o seed_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n then_o the_o vital_a spirit_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o spirit_n it_o become_v hot_a and_o sometime_o this_o spirit_n be_v engender_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o thence_o send_v out_o into_o the_o whole_a body_n so_o do_v the_o seed_n also_o according_a to_o the_o spirit_n proceed_v from_o the_o whole_a because_o the_o spirit_n be_v communicate_v from_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o whole_a hence_o aristotle_n say_v if_o the_o seed_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o every_o part_n of_o the_o animal_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o similitude_n be_v false_a therefore_o seed_n eject_v by_o the_o yard_n into_o the_o womb_n become_v fruitful_a when_o it_o be_v exquisite_o mix_v with_o the_o woman_n seed_n and_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a motion_n that_o be_v the_o first_o agent_n for_o the_o formotion_n of_o the_o young_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o spirit_n contain_v in_o it_o for_o this_o go_n to_o the_o bottom_n as_o to_o its_o centre_n be_v cherish_v and_o preserve_v and_o so_o proceed_v to_o action_n as_o to_o formation_n all_o which_o thing_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o young_a for_o beside_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o man_n and_o the_o woman_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o this_o vital_a spirit_n concur_v to_o the_o conception_n because_o the_o seed_n of_o man_n can_v besmear_v all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o womb_n which_o else_o will_v impede_fw-la conception_n and_o if_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n be_v only_o present_a that_o will_v not_o cause_v conception_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o imperfection_n for_o the_o seed_n of_o man_n be_v more_o hot_a than_o woman_n and_o although_o this_o seed_n be_v not_o so_o perfect_a yet_o it_o concur_v as_o a_o agent_n to_o the_o formation_n although_o not_o as_o the_o first_o agent_n for_o as_o galen_n observe_v the_o mixture_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n be_v perfect_a seed_n whence_o aristotle_n say_v that_o what_o arise_v from_o the_o seed_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v arise_v from_o contrary_n as_o when_o there_o be_v contrary_n in_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la and_o although_o each_o seed_n according_a to_o aristotle_n be_v in_o its_o genus_fw-la a_o agent_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o act_v alike_o in_o power_n and_o strength_n but_o differ_v in_o these_o function_n magis_fw-la &_o minus_fw-la the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n do_v concur_v as_o the_o matter_n of_o which_o both_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o seed_n of_o man_n which_o be_v its_o aliment_n for_o man_n seed_n be_v nourish_v and_o make_v more_o perfect_a by_o woman_n seed_n as_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o membrane_n which_o be_v produce_v out_o of_o it_o but_o in_o this_o place_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n what_o the_o peripatetic_n in_o a_o manner_n allege_v that_o the_o woman_n emit_v no_o seed_n but_o they_o be_v base_o and_o injurious_o deal_v withal_o it_o be_v a_o aspersion_n cast_v upon_o they_o by_o some_o late_a philosopher_n because_o aristotle_n say_v that_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o woman_n be_v not_o so_o crass_a while_o hot_a and_o full_a of_o spirit_n as_o the_o seed_n of_o man_n but_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o woman_n emit_v no_o seed_n at_o all_o d_o beside_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n the_o menstruous_a blood_n of_o the_o woman_n concur_v to_o generation_n it_o be_v call_v menstruous_a blood_n because_o it_o be_v a_o excrement_n yet_o it_o differ_v from_o that_o blood_n whereby_o a_o woman_n be_v