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A37394 The Hertford letter: containing several brief observations on a late printed tryal, concerning the murder of Mrs. Sarah Stout. P. D. 1699 (1699) Wing D75; ESTC R213503 15,345 28

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THE Hertford Letter CONTAINING Several Brief Observations On a late Printed Tryal Concerning the MURDER OF Mrs. Sarah Stout LONDON Printed and Sold by the Booksellers of London and Westminster 1699. THE Hertford Letter SIR I Am favoured with Yours of the 20th ult whereby I perceive your pleasure is That I should give you my Sentiments concerning Mrs. Sarah Stout's Death the Trial c. In answer I am very sensible of my own weakness and how unfit I am to enter into a Controversie wherein so many Doctors have been worried already Nevertheless in obedience to your reiterated Commands though in doing it I may expose my own Ignorance I shall give you my thoughts concerning the Natural Cause of Drowning Floating of Dead Bodies afterwards the various Sentiments of the Doctors the manner of her Death the Letters produced in Court her Melancholiness why no mention was made of the Money and lastly concerning two publick Experiments whereof one was made here and the other in the River of Thames It is a common Observation of most People not used to dive that upon their Plunging themselves in the Water whether it be voluntarily or involuntarily they find a great Confusion of their Spirits so that it is morally impossible for them to regulate their Actions in this Surprize by the Dictates of Reason in this Consternation they lay hold on any thing that comes in their way not considering whether it may contribute to their Sinking or Swiming In this hurry of the Spirits occasioned partly from the noise their fall makes in the Water and partly from its running into their Ears Nostrills c. The whole Animal Oeconomy is brought into Disorder in this Confusion it is no ways Suprising that Water wherein they are immersed should insinuate it self into some Vacuities no ways adapted for its reception and it being obvious to all That no Man doth or can live without Respiration whatever Element soever he is in if in the Air he sucks that in which naturally flows into the Lungs if in Water what comes into the Mouth as long as his Senses continue he swallows that down the Gullet as long as he doth not Breath there is little danger of Drowning but on the first Inspiration if he is at the surface of the Water 't is much if he doth not swallow down the Wind-pipe with the Air some small quantity of Water but if he is totally immersed in it 't is not improbable that upon Inspiration a far greater quantity of Water than Air will enter into the Cavity of the Lungs In every Expulsion of Air out of the Lungs the Epiglottis is lifted up if the Mouth at the same time should be full of Water 't is impossible but some of it will pass down the Wind-pipe as is observable in those that accidentally Laugh while they are a drinking if a drop falls into the Aspera arteria it will cause a Coughing which is a Convulsive Motion of the Lungs c. whereby Nature doth commonly throw up any thing that doth casually fall upon them by this strugling of Nature to expel the Water already slip'd down the Epiglottis is lifted up and instead of ejecting the Water just swallowed the Mouth being full of it a great deal more forceth it self down by its natural gravity which gravitates the more by reason of the Cylinder or Cone of the Air that continually presseth on its Superficies as soon the Senses are gone the Epiglottis is kept open by the force of the Stream that runs into the Wind-pipe till the Bronchia and all their Ramifications are filled as long as the Senses continue they swallow most of the Water that comes into their Mouths into their Stomachs but when they are near suffocated the Water runs into those Ducts where it meets with the least resistance So long as Life continues there is a Convulsive Strugling of Nature to expel out of the Lungs all those things that are noxious to them especially Water being never used to be Receptacles for any thing but Air they use their utmost Efforts to eject it by a violent Contracting their Lobes nearer together by these Exorbitant Contractions the Water contained in the Ramifications of the Bronchia c. are sometimes forced in to the Cavity of the Thorax either by dilating the Pores of the thin Membrane that invests the Lungs as Quick-Silver is forced by the pressure of a Hand thro' a piece of Leather or by the rupture of their Tunicle or by some minute Vessels not yet described by Anatomists If any Practitioner in Physick c. shall assert that Anatomy is brought to a Ne plus ultra and that all Ducts through which the Juices of Animals are strained are detected I would desire them to tell me through what Vessels the Pus in an Empyema where the matter lies on the Midriff when there is no Ulcer of the Lungs is expectorated or through what passages when 't is carried off by Urine 't is conveyed into the Kidneys or how bitter Injections cast into the Thorax can affect the Mouth with its taste as the Observations of Physicians do demonstrate or let them read a Treatise of Robert Boyle Esq called New Experiments Physico-Mechanical touching the Spring of the Air where amongst many curious Observations about the Lungs he asserts That the diligent Wallaeus relates that he divers times observed in the Dissection of Live Bodies that the Membrane that invests the Lungs had Pores in it as big as the longer sort of Peas p. 343. Water is as frequently found in the Cavity of the Abdomen as of the Thorax but by what Ducts or Passages when there is no visible Rupture of the Coates of the Stomach nor Guts they are carried there I leave it to the Microscoptical Anatomist to determine I conceive it enough for me at present to tell you that it is Fact I am conscious you are not ignorant that there are many things that happen in the Animal Oeconomy that cannot be proved a Priori yet when they are a Posteriori they are admitted by the Schools as undeniable Arguments if any are so Sceptical as to deny what is not capable to be proved a Priori they would be put to it to prove the Circulation of the Blood Motion of the Animal Spirits or where or how the Chile is Transcolated through the Coats of the Guts As soon as the Lungs Stomach c. are full of Water the Body naturally sinks and rises no more till there is a Putrefaction in the inward parts which in cold Countries is longer than in hotter Regions but the sooner Putrifaction is begun the sooner the Corps float whereof no certain Calculation can be made the time of their rising differing with respect to the Region and in the same Climates with respect to the Seasons of the Year in these parts according to the common reckoning they float in Nine or Ten Days The common Cause assigned for Floating of Bodies drown'd is