be sufficiently separated from it One or more of the Ducts of the Pancreas are obstructed by a pituitous and viscid Matter together with the Matter of the Pancreatick Juice separated in the Pancreas and translated into and detained in those Ducts Secondly The Pancreatick Juyce doth also offend when it is carryed into the Intestines in greater plenty whether it be generated more Copiously or for a time being detained by Stagnation in one or more of the Laterall Ducts is then more plentifully Effused when the Obstruction is Dissolved It is generated more plentifully by reason of the Liberal use of acid Aliments or at least of Condited Acids for example soure Wine Vinegar Pomecitrons c. as also by reason of some Vice of the Glandules by which the Separation of that juice from the blood is promoted as also sometimes perhaps because of more larger Vessels tending into the Pancreas and as is usual affording a larger Matter to the juyce Thirdly When it flows inequally into the thin Gut that is at one time more abundantly at another more sparingly Which first of all pens by an Obstruction of one or more of the Lateral Ducts which continuing nothing floweth out from them and therefore a more sparing juyce is then effused into the whole By the said Obstruction any way removed presently that which was stagnant in the middle Duct together with the rest of the juice is effused into the thin Gut from whence on the contrary the Excretion of the Pancreatick juice is then more plentiful That such an Obstruction may sometimes happen in the Lateral Ducts of the Pancreas Reason doth perswade and Experience it self confirmeth even as we shall more clearly evince in the following Discourse of Intermitting Feavours Fourthly It offendeth when it is more Fluid and Liquid than Natural which happeneth by reason of such blood or animal Spirits more Copiously mixed there-with Fifthly It offendeth when on the contrary it is more Viscid by reason of the Blood likewise Viscid and abounding with much pituity Sixthly The said Pancreatick juyce offends when the Natural Relish thereof is changed Whence it is one while less acid another while more acid one while salt another while austere sometimes of a simple Tast or else Compounded of those before-named The Nominated Juice is less acid either bebeause of the animal Spirits more plentifully carried to the Pancreas or for want of acidity in the Blood whether it may come to pass by reason of assuming things unfit to repair the acidity taken away or by the use of such things as infringe concentrate obtund or extinguish acidity The acidity of the Pancreatick Juice augmented for the most part is to be ascribed to the Redundancy of acid Humours in the Body sometimes to the Impedited Afflux of the Animal Spirits to the Pancreas at least-wise to that part of the Juyce which is stagnant in the Lateral Ducts or other-wise perhaps by reason of the Animal Spirits being Exhausted An acid Humour is wont to abound in the Body for the most part from assumed Aliments Sauces or Medicaments which are sharp with sharp Wines such as for the most part is Renish Mosellanous c. as also because of a more Cold Air and North Wind Sorrow of Mind though not over much c. The motion of the Animal Spirits to the Pancreas is impedited when the Animal Spirits are defective or being more dull or slow throughout the whole Body also when the Nerves are obstructed dissecated or compressed The Succus Pancreaticus is made Salt by a Marine or Fossile Salsitude in like manner because of the Serosity of the Blood likewise Salt perhaps by a like Fault of the Glandules concurring for which reason the Secretion of the Saline parts from the Acid cannot be absolved For our common Salt consisteth of two parts to wit a Lixivious Salt and an Acid Spirit joyned together The austerity of the Pancreatick Juice seemeth to us to be deduced from the more gross or Terrene Particles with which its acid Particles are involved which appeareth not only in Fruits being first soure afterwards when by the gentle Heat of the Sun they are Ripened they are made a little more acid and at length when the more gross Particles thereof by the Agitation of Heat are more exalted they become Sweet But moreover it is manifest that those things which are sower it is by their Syncrisis and Diacrisis So D. Paisenus hath noted in Thesi XXI C. that the juyce of Ribes being powred to Coral of a grateful acid becomes austere Vitriol and Allum distilled yield an acid Spirit Likewise an acid Spirit may be distilled from sealed Earths Bole Armeniack and the like but how Bole Armen may by the help of Nitre and other things be made more astringent is to be seen in Le Febre in his French Edition Page 649. CHAP. VIII The Functions which are vitiated by the Pancreas or it's Juyce evilly disposed HAving declared the more grievous Vices wherewith the Pancreas and its Juyce are wont to be affected every man may see that from that Fountain very many Incommodities to Mortals do proceed all which things seeing we have proposed to handle them in order we shall first judge of those which proceed from the Pancreas it self by subjoyning those things which are wont to flow from its juyce If the Pancreas acquire a Schirrous substance resembling Stones and also weighty in the place where it should defend the Sanguinous Vessels as some would have it lest they should be hurt by the Vertaebrae or other parts it will greatly afflict them by Compression and will hinder the circular motion of the Blood from whence divers Distentions Inflammations Obstructions and other things arise and spring up fit to impedite the Common use of the Bowels Besides also by its weight it will not a little hinder the Stomach from performing its Office by compressing it but when it is inflamed or Aposthumated for the most part it will cause the same Incommodities with the other Bowels being afflicted with the same Vice But some may say if such grievous Effects happen to the Pancreas how can the use thereof be so necessary and how do we hitherto live so long with them Then may we also demand how those men may live to whose Brain Heart Liver and other bowels necessary to Life the same or the like things happen and we shall further enquire of them by what reason such may live well or ill The Histories above do certainly testifie that such live a miserable life and when the Evil shall be increased those also for no other Cause have changed Life for Death So that from that part can nothing be infer'd against our Hypothesis Having unfolded the Incommodities arising from the Parenchyma of the Pancreas it self it remaineth that we also run through the functious Hurt which the evil Qualities or Vices of the Pancreatick Juyce or other Humours existing in the thin Gutt do draw after them Therefore the
For very many Diseases do every day occur in our Practice wherein that Feaver either proceedeth is concomitant or doth follow So that sometimes it requireth an intire Method of Curation for it self Which seeing it is so we think our Cogitations and Experiments not to be ingrateful to the Curious Searchers of Nature especially if we hold their minds not long in suspence by rehearsing the Sentenses and Opinions of many Authors as they ordinarily have done who have gone before us in the same kind of Study or retain those things by shewing an intire Series of Questions relating more to Curiosity than to the necessity of the thing to be known but we shall presently expound in a few words as much as is possible those things which we judge concerning this matter Seeing that Aristotle hath rightly said Lib. 2. Physic Cap. 13. That there can be a sure Knowledge of nothing the Cause or Original whereof is not known We contrary to the Common Order shall endeavour to pursue the Nature of Intermitting Feavers by searching out their Signes and Causes Seeing that all Physitians which have hither-to written of Intermitting Feavers cry out that their Pathognomick Signe is a more Frequent and Preternatural Pulse to know the Nature altogether of Intermitting Feavers by searching into the Causes of the Pulse we judge with the never sufficiently praised Fran. de le Boe-Sylvius that the Cause of a more Preternatural Pulse is either first the too much and Permanent Rare-faction of the Blood arising from a more Potent Fire breaking forth from the Effervescency of both Bloods Or Secondly because of any sharpness being at one time Acid at another Lixivious another while brinishly Salt driven through the Veines with the Blood to the Heart and Internally gnawing the Parenchyma of the Heart Or Thirdly something halituously Flatulent and like-wise carried with the Blood to the Heart or excited by the Effervescency in the Heart and increasing the Explication of the Ventricles of the Heart Or Fourthly something sharp or hard either in the Peri-cardium or else-where existing and externally gnawing or pricking the Heart These few things being premised there is none but may see that the cause of continuall Feavers is continually carryed to the Heart but the cause of Intermittents by Intervals It is not our purpose here to speak of Continual Feavers those that are desirous of searching out and knowing of the Nature of those we recommend them to the Practice of Dr. Sylvius where amongst other things accurately delivered they may find the exact Description of those Feavers Chap. 29. Pag. 407. And we in the mean-time being about to deliver the Description of Intermitting Feavers shall say That such a Focus or Minera of Intermitting Feavers is required which is apt to transmit the cause of a more frequent and Preternatural Pulse by Intervals to the Heart Sundry men have sought this Minera in diverse parts of the Body some have immagined they have found it in the Mass of Blood which to some others seemed less true to whom the Continual Motion of the Blood was known because the Circulation of the Blood is performed once twice or four times a day For the most accurate Dr. Lower in his Treatife of the Heart Fol. 156. proveth That the Blood of a Man well disposed circulateth through the Heart in the space of one Hour thirty times But being granted which in no wise may be denyed that the Mass of Blood of the whole body at least sometimes in a Day doth flow back to the Heart part of which if evilly affected as often as it transiteth the Heart would produce a Fit of a Feaver and so from the Blood naturally following neither a Tertian or a Quartan Feaver may be deduced unless they say that the Blood doth absolve this Tragedy being preternaturally detained in any part of the body which like-wise doth not alike appear to those to whom it is known how easily the Volatile Spirits exhale by the Detention of the blood and the remaining Particles of the blood being made more sharp do suddenly excite mutually among themselves a Heat and Inflamation of the Part to which if an Aposteme be subjoyned that will affect the Blood passing through its Circuits continually and not by Intervals Whence if a Feaver follows it ought not to be called an Intermitting but a Continuall Feaver If they say that the obstruction is not expected to the generation of intermitting Feavers but to furnish the phlegme which is of that nature that daily the yellow Bile w ch every third day and the Atra-bile which every fourth day may produce a certain ebullition many of a higher ingenuity may ask first whether or no those humours such as they are described in the Schools can be Demonstrated to be in the mass of Blood seeing it is evident by what is already said the Atrabilis derives its original from the yellow Bile and more acid pancreatick Juyce Secondly how doth that seem probable that a humour more cold tenatious and unapt for motion as phlegme daily and a hot humour being more fluid and being fit for motion as yellow Choler should every other day onely excite a feaverish Ebullition in the Blood Thirdly how intermitting Feavers may be changed from quotidians into tertrans quartans and the contrary Fourthly to what humours they can ascribe Quintans sextans or those which have more seldome periods of which Fernelius lib. 4. cap. 14. if they determine that each Feavour draws its Original from a certain peculiar Humour But they which have held the minera of intermitting Feavers to be latent in some part of the Body have most of them sought it in the Abdomen for nauceousness loathing of Food Torments Colds Horrors Rigors and other preludiums of the fits conspicuous to none but such as are more attentively disposed do shew the Abdomen to be evilly habited A vomiting excited either by Nature or Art and very often presently asswageing the fierceness of the fits sheweth the principal ways or passages thereof to be evilly habited The Cure it self of the Abdomen also in the beginning of the access declareth the same according to Fernelius de sede intermittentium lib. 4. cap. 10. for Fomentations applied to the Hypocondriaes procure a remission of horror rigor and other Symptomes But what part of the Abdomen in these Feavers is evilly affected hath wearied the brains of many for so confusedly have they sought their minera that nothing of certainty can be concluded from their writings or opinions for some have sought it in the meseraick Veines some in the Branches of the vena porta between the Liver and the Spleen some in other Vessels yea also in the great Colon the duplicature of the Omentum which is under the ventricle and in innumerable other things have they determined the focus of intermitting Feavours whose Clouds of falsity in these our more happy times the sun of Truth hath so discussed and dissipated that they want not our improvement
rather carryed into the Pancreas than into the Spleen or other parts of the Body to which Nerves of the same Original do belong Truly the Pancreas is too far from the Brain to receive its Excrement moreover the Nerves abhor all acrimony so as to receive any sharper Juice For which cause we judge this Opinion to stand upon too slight a Foundation to be admitted for Truth and so much the less seeing we could never perceive any Cavity or Liquour in the Nerves notwithstanding all the diligence we could use to this purpose the most accurate Microscopes have been of no use to us for the discovery of the least pores in them We do not here speak of the distances which are like Pores seen between the small Conveyances of the Nerves but of the Cavity it self of the little Pipes by which these Excrements ought to pass Furthermore it is proved by Ligatures that no remarkable quantity of Humour is carryed by the Nerves in which there is not the least Swelling of either side the Ligature which we have obser-served nor yet by any other that we read of That which Chyrurgions cry out of the dropping of the Nerves we rather ascribe to the hurt of the Lymphatick Vessels being nigh to the Nerves than the hurt of the Nerves themselves for which reason that we might have a more certain information we have sometimes in Dogs laid bare that notable Nerve in the hinder-most part of the Legs and cut it cross through the middle and have put it into a Vial being freed from the Lymphatick Vessels as we use to do in collecting of the Pancreatick Juice the neck of which was so straightned for this purpose as that the Nerves being cut asunder the Orifice might be well closed by its thickness that Spirits or whatsoever subtile Matter passeth through the Nerves might not vanish into the Aire We fixed this Vial to the skin with the Nerve hanging down into its Hollowness hoping that if any Liquor did pass through the Nerves we should by that means attain it but in vain For in the space of four or five hours we got not the least drop nor did we observe that the Animal Spirits did adhere by Condensation to the sides of the Glass Such Birds are to be catcht with more subtile nets which after they are taken we will prepare to break-fast withal Seeing therefore little or no visible matter is carried through the Nerves we pray the Propugners of this Opinion to tell us Why Nature in the Pancreas as they will have it hath only formed a Ductus to receive the Excrements of the Nerves which sometimes exceed in Magnitude the Recurrent Nerves themselves whose small Branches often touch the Pancreas What appertains to the word Excrement whereby they point out our Juice we think it not convenient for it if they understand whatsoever is separated from the Blood whether good or evil but it is in no respect agreeable to the Pancreatick Juice if by the word Excrement they understand whatsoever is carryed from the Blood to be unprofitable for Reasons hereafter to be declared The Seventh Opinion is assigned to the most Famous Franciscus de la Boe-sylvius who thinks nothing is carryed from the Intestines to the Pancreas by this Ductus nor any secret unprofitable Excrement by the same to the Intestines but a commendable Humour prepared therein of Blood and Animal Spirits and so conveyed to the Intestine and permixed with the Alement And in regard he knew that nothing was carryed to the Intestines but what was first swallowed into the Stomach and by that driven out again through the Pilorus or is sent through the Bilar or Pancreatick Ductus and he moreover considering not only in intermitting Feavours that the sick were alwayes troubled with various pains in their Loynes by Cold Heat Yawnings Reachings and Vomitings as well of insipid Phlegm and sometimes acid as of Choler sometimes bitter sometimes acid and bitter c. but also in other diseases proceeding from hence to the Hypocondriack Affection As for example in the Scurvey the Disease called the Suffocation of the Womb the Chollerico Passio pains of the Belly and consequently from hence in the Ulcerated Mouths or Thrushes of Children c. Belchings and Acid Humours do arise he concluded although he never saw the Pancreatick Juice as he ingenuously confesseth Thes 37. of the use of the Spleen and Glandules that the Pancreatick Juice in its own Nature was Subacid in an especial manner tempered by the animal Spirits For he judged that the Bile which is bitter and contrary to Acidity could not be the cause of an acid Humour and therefore he determines that Spittle alwayes insipid in sound men and oftentimes so acid and remarkably sharp in the sick came not from the Pancreatick Juice And because we heard that most Learned man often teaching these and the like things and did see the same confirm'd by a happy practise in the Hospital his opinion so pleased us that we never frequented his Meetings whether publick or private without great satisfaction of mind in which being excited to find out the further truth of the matter by the same worthy person and his Disciples we have undertook the work and although we could not once despair of a happy success in process of time God favouring our Enterprize and Desires in the Year 1662. found out the way of Collecting the Pancreatick Juice which by way of History as it shall conveniently occur in the Work we will set down In which our Thoughts shipwrackt themselves from those scruples by which they may be precautioned who will follow our foot-steps to examine it CHAP. III. In what manner the Pancreatick Juice was found out THE First Experiment by which we undertook to collect the Pancreatick Juice in a living Dog was a Ligature with which we tied the upper-part of the Pancreas together with the thin Gut for by that means we hoped that after some Hours we should have found the Pancreatick Duct swell'd with Juice but in vain which seemed to our Judgment to happen by reason that the Motion of the Blood being hindered to the Pancreas the separation of the Juice from it was prevented also The Second Experiment was also by a Ligature made about the Insertion of the Ductus into the Intestinum Duodenum but also in vain The Reason perhaps was the Glandules of the Pancreas being hurt by whose Ductus all the Pancreatick Juice might the more easilier have flown out by reason that neither in the great Ductus nor in the lateral branches is there any values found The Third Experiment was by two boards or planks higher in the middle than at the ends applyed and straightly bound to the Duodenum at the ingress of the Pancreatick Ductus from whence after some hours the Abdomen being opened again which before had been lightly stitched up we found the Pancreatick Ductus swelled with a clear and limpid Juice nevertheless we could not
Seeing than that by Reasons and Experiments already sufficiently inferd it is manifest That the Humours as well of the Conglobated as the Conglomerated Glandules are not Excrementitious We think fit before we proceed any further to propose their Way or Mode of Generation It hath been in times past believed by the Antients to say nothing concerning Faulties and other their Figments that the Glandules did imbile Superfluous Humidities like unto Sponges But to the Neotericks it seemed after a more attentive Examination of their Structure that this Simillitude was greatly wide of the Truth by reason the Glandules are not every where open to the Pores but are sufficiently cloathed on all sides with a strong Membrane therefore they think that nothing entreth into the Glandules unless it be thither propelled by the Arteries and Nerves But the Arteries carry the Humours of every kind to the Glandules under the Colour of Blood every of which by reason of a certain Disposition of the Pores even as Seives do admit such Particles of the Humours which in respect of their Magnitude and Figure have the greatest Analogy with the little Pores in the mean while excluding others which have with them a lesser Simillitude which therefore by the name of Blood are constrained to return to the Heart from whence being more exalted in their passage they are presently driven indiscriminately by the Pulsifick force thereof to the Glandules and other parts of the Body but notwithstanding the Particles fitted to the Generation of the Pancreatick Juice are no where more easily separated than in the Pancreas no where more serous than in the Reins no where more commodiously Bilious than in the Liver so of the rest Because there are some parts of the Body which do more commodiously receive this or that Humour into the Pores than others Nature hath therefore invented a singular Artifice whereby it doth so happily absolve so diverse a work in diverse parts of Animals which they do less admire who diligently consider with themselves that the like thing doth necessarily happen in Plants For we see various Plants posited in the same Sand each to admit a peculiar Juice which nevertheless is so Homo-geneous that it may contain in it self diverse Particles as we see in Trees whereon by the Industry of Gardeners divers Fruits do grow whereas also divers Branches or Twigs are grafted into the same Stock which by reason of the different Constitution of their Pores they admit this and not that part of the Liquor or Sap others being excluded which have a lesser Affinity with their Pores The which things being equally granted we may inferre that the matter fitted to the generation of the Pancreatick Juice is separated from the Blood by a certain disposition of the Pancreas yet not so exactly but that it may bring divers other Particles with it as occular Inspection doth ascertain us to happen in the Reins in which indeed primarily the more Serous Particles of the blood after the manner of Transcolation are separated from its intire Masse yet nevertheless we note those many Saline Bilious and other Humours which are as it were snatcht away therewith by reason of them or those Particles largely abounding in the Body in like manner as Chymistry doth Demonstrate all these things to our Eyes as clear as the Meridian Light The Animal Spirits joyne themselves to the Succus Pancreaticus by a continual Circulation continually separated from the Blood with which being joyn'd together by an Amicable Connexion they run into the Intestinum Duodenum From whence it is Conspicuous that our Pancreatick Juice is not simple but compounded of divers this especially Acid Aqueous Saline and other Particles therein found adjoyned to the Animal Spirits by whose Volatile Sweetnesse the force of Acids is restrained whence it happens that the Pancreatick Juice is Naturally Acidly-Temperate Some may say after what manner may the Pancreatick Juice be Acidly Temperate seeing that in the Precedent Chapter we have said that it is very often Acidly-salt and naturally may be said to be such as alwayes or for the most part it happeneth to be But we shall Answer That perhaps it so happeneth in Dogs onely because they ought to digest Bones and other things of a harder Concoction but in Men we judge there is no such Salsitude existant or required Because in Men that which is Vomited is either Insipid or Bitter or Acid very rarely and perhaps never Acidly Salt the which undoubtedly would happen if their Pancreatick Juice were Naturally such But being granted that in men likewise as in Dogs it may naturally be Acidly Salt Whether then will our Hypothesis run Nowhither Because a Salsitude joyned to it as hereafter shall be declared doth no way impede its primary Operation CHAP. V. The Liquor of the Glandules in the Body it demonstrated to be necessary and that the Pancreatick Juyce doth effervesse with the Bile ALL these things premised deservedly who can ask what the Juyce of the Glandules may perform in the bodies of Animals To whom we shall answer that the juyce of all the Conglobated is subservient to Sanguification but the liquor of the Conglomerated is ordained to other uses For that which is generated in the Maxillary Glandules and other of the Conglomerated placed about the cavity of the mouth for the most part absolveth the Fermentation of Aliments in the Stomach And that liquor which is generated or separated in the Conglomerated Glandules of the Pancreas seems to us to perform far more Seeing that Nature for the most part so wisely disposeth matters that one and the same thing may be accommodated to many But seeing the use thereof is not yet sufficiently known we shall examine what is first effused from it into the thin Intertine and also happeneth in the same There is a sufficiently large quantity of this Pancreatick juice continually brought to the thin Gut we remember there hath been collected from one Dog in the space of seven or eight hours two Drachms half an Ounce and from a Mastive an intire Ounce that it may be continually lifted up and fermented with the Bile flowing from the ducts of the Liver to a double or tripple quantity for as much as we could observe by the benefit of an instrument applied to their passage into the intestine in Doggs being therein carried with a certain strugling motion That this Effervescency is excited from the acidity of the Pancreatick Juice and the concourse of the Bile abounding with a fixed and volatile salt we dare the more freely assert because hitherto we have seen no example of an acid spirit concurring with a lixiviate salt to happen without an effeverscency sufficiently manifest so that all impediments were taken away That both salts are found in the Bile Chymistry that most excellent and famous Medical instrument of truth doth prove by the benefit of which we can separate a volatile salt effervescing with an acid spirit and lixivious
he declares that Aqua Mulsa or Hydromel or if to cleanse more powerfully with the Decoction or bitter Juice before-mentioned of Worm-Wood Centaury or Lupines that may be effected adding Honey or Gall which above all other things as hath been often said doth make those things which are Viscous Fluid c. But the Succus Pancreaticus being pregnant with a Subacid Spirit as appeareth by the Precedent Reasons and Experiments doth in like manner augment the Viscidity of the Aliments by the Solution of their Fluidity the which being so as it is more than sufficiently known we will not delay time by further proofs concerning the Manner wherby Acids in the thin Gut do return to a Liquid and Fluxile Motion or other-wise to an Ineâ—t and Pituitous Viscidity we shall only say that in our Judgement it so happeneth for as much as by the Tenuity and Sharpness of the Parts stirred up by the Effervescency the Phlegme is thereby as with Swords incided and attenuated into very Minute Parts That which attaineth a Whitish Colour then observable in the more Fluid part of the Aliments we think it deducible from the Acidity of the Pancreatick Juice because we may note that many other things abounding with a Lixivious Salt and Oyle do wax White upon the affusion of Acids So that Vinegar or Sharp Wine being poured upon common Sulpher dissolved with any Lixivium and grown Red that Reddish Colour is so changed that it is made almost like to Milk Wherefore also it is called by the Chymists Lac Sulphuris The same is apparent in the Resinious Extracts of Vegitables as also in Spirit of Hart's Horne or Soot being Replete with much Volatile Salt with which an Acid Spirit being mixed acquires a Milky Colour All those things being rightly considered we judge Secondly That the Effervescency in the thin Gut is exceeding necessary for the right Separation of the profitable Parts from the unprofitable But perhaps some who are altogether wedded to Antiquity admitting nothing which to them is Novel because they have read or understood nothing in the Antients concerning this our expected Secretion by Fermentation will not think that such a preparation is required to separate the profitable parts of the Aliment from the unprofitable but that the alteration which is performed in the Stomach is sufficient to this purpose in which if any thing be wanting it may be Consummated by the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts by the help whereof it s more Fluid parts are thrust forward into the Milky Veines the Foeces with the remaining thicker and lesser profitable parts passing away by the Channel of the Intestines To the which we deny not but that something is contributed to this matter both by the said Fermentation and the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts nevertheless we do not think that any Physitian unless a Slave to the Antients amongst all those things which are daily observed in the dissecting of Brute Animals and Medical Practiss or at least-wise may be observed will reject this cause proposed by us If first of all he diligently consider that in the Coeliack Flux the Aliments sometimes viscid like a Pultiss and every where alike and sometimes mixed with a whitish Liquor are purged out But this Diversity of Colour happens by a Contingent or Non-contingent Secretion of profitable parts from the unprofitable by the said Effervescency which who can but in vain Attribute to expression alone Yet we deny not that by the Fermentation of Aliments alone rightly performed in the Ventricle something Fluid may Spontaneously pass away from the rest of the Aliments more Pultatious nevertheless that is but little if it be compared with the large quantity of noble Chyle which is continually strained through the Venae-lacteae or also from thence swimming up in the Caeliack Flux so that then the more watery part of the Chyle freely going forth by the Compression of the Bowels alone is more without Effervescency than the other which is more white or as we may say more Milky In that Spontaneous Separation of the parts wont to happen through Fermentation the Spirituous indeed first go forth with the Watery necessary for the Reparation of the Animal spirits We have an example in the Fermentation of Plants other things abounding with a Volatile Spirit in which the Spirituous Particles alwayes expanded and endeavouring to flee through the Pores of the Stomach and Guts being loosed from their Fetters rush through the Pores From whence we are fully perswaded that after the Assumption of the most Spirituous Aliments a suddain strength is found in men and although it be Inconspicuous to our Bodily Eyes that the Spirits by the same reason are diffused through the Pores of the Body nevertheless after a manner we understand it with the Eyes of our Mind whilst we see a Stupendious Vertue in some Medicaments externally applyed The same thing is often observed by Anatomists when after the Incision of the Peritonaeum they receive the Foetid Flatulencies passing through the Tunicles of the Guts to the Nostrils But because the Spirituous and Volatile parts are not sufficient to sustain Life but Moreover Acid Oleous and Salt parts are also required therefore there is need of a new Alteration of things assumed that those parts by a decent Copiousness might be separated from the Superfluous and Unprofitable Which alteration we call Effervescency and by help of which we judge with our sometimes Famous Professor Francis de le Boe-Sylvius from whose Lectures as well publick as private we do not deny to have drawn many Fundamentals of this Doctrine that Secretion to be accomplished We do not only judge by that Effervescency mediateing the more Subtile and Fluid parts of Aliments but also the Pituity by the help thereof dissolved in the thin Gut part of which is carryed together with the better Portion of the Bile and Succus Pancreaticus through the Vermiculous crust of the Intestines into the Milky Veines from hence to the Cisterne or Common Receptacle of the Chyle and Lympha placed in the Region of the Loynes under the Appendices of the Diaphragma and from thence ascends through the Chyliferus or more rightly the Lymphatick Ductus Thoracicus because it continually carryeth the Lympha and the Chyle only by Intervals to the Subclavian or left Jugular Veine that from thence it may descend with the Blood through the Superiour Trunck of the Vena Cava descending into the right Eare of the Heart and the right Ventricle thereof And in the right Ear and right Ventricle of the Heart it is confused both with the ascending and descending Blood and also impregnated with the Pancreatick Juice the Bile Phlegme and Lympha from whence it acquires a requisite Consistency of Blood This confirms what we have said That any thing acid Coagulates all Fatness and Oyle But because on the other side the aforesaid humours have in themselves a force of attempering we need not fear too great a Consistency of the Blood
Pancreatick Juyce being driven to the Intestines in a lesser quantity will not sufficiently free the Gutts from the superfluous Humidity in them and so will occasion many Obstructions as the Learned R. Lower who judgeth this juyce to be ordained by Nature to cleanse the Chyle he writeth in his Treatise of the Heart Chap. 5. page 215. that by the defect thereof he hath observed Obstructions of the Venae Lacteae in these very words It seems to me most true that that great Glandule namely the Pancreas is seated in that place and that Ductus to be opened into the Intestines that the Lympha for so he calleth the Pancreatick Juyce being there separated may be mixed with the descending Chyle whereby it may more readily enter and more expeditely pass through the narrow Channel of the Lactean Veins and indeed the Chyle in the Milkey Vessels either because of its crascitie or for want of potulent Liquor which ought to be for its Vehicle may sometimes be apt to be stagnant and so concrete and by the same reason to stop and altogether fill up those Vessels as in a Dog whose Pancreas was obdurated I once observed Neither also will it sufficiently promote the Natural and due Separation of the Chyle from the Excrements and that especially if the Aliments be more dry or of a more difficult Fermentation Hence necessarily follows a diminished Nutrition of the whole body as also a universal Languishing so that such may rather be said to draw Life than to live But the Pancreatick Juice being separated in a larger quantity and brought to the Intestines will as it were pare off not only their superfluous Pituity but also that necessary part which should defend them from Injuries like a Curry-Comb and besides it will separate more than it ought from the assumed Aliments so that sometimes the unprofitable and excrementitious parts together with the profitable may be conveyed to the Mass of Blood sometimes only the profitable Parts but in a larger quantity than they should may be carryed by the same wayes From whence if here we say a Pethora will happen and thence a Cacochymy Who can overthrow our Assertions More-over we think that the Lancionations in the left Hypocondria first molested by courses do proceed from too great a quantity of the Bile and Pancreatick Juyce separated from the Blood by a more vehement Motion of the Body and the stirring up a greater Effervescency For it is most certain that Running or any other vehement Exercise of the Body doth accelerate the Motion of the Blood through the whole Body which seeing it is the cause of the Separation of these or other Humours then it is also necessary that those Humours be deposited into the Guts in a greater plenty which being separated in a Natural Quantity and Quality if as we have already proved they may excite a natural and friendly Effervescency to Nature may not the contrary happen when they are otherwise disposed by exciting an Effervescency greater and troublesome to Nature After a wonderful manner doth that place confirm this our Opinion in which those paines are perceived by course and very ordinarily though unjustly are ascribed to the Spleen because the Spleen is not in that place where those pains do in us excite a Molestation but hath its seat more down-wards because in that place those paines do manifest themselves in the Anteriour part of the Hypocondria where the thin Gut M emerging under the Mesentery N doth lye by the Peritonaeum as is to be seen in the first Table where we have Delineated to the Life the Scituation of that Intestine The inequal separation of the Succus Pancreaticus and propulsion thereof to the Intestines produceth various Mutations in the Guts and else-where concerning the suddain Happening of which no man will ever assigne a fit Reason who will not give heed to those things Hence we think to be deduced the suddain Deliquiums of the Wind sometimes advening erratick Feavers intermitious of Pulses c. The Pancreatick Juice being more fluid will more dilute the Pituity of the Guts and perhaps sometimes occasion the Flux of the Belly especially if it be conjoyned with a Salsitude by whose acrimony the Guts are provoked to their Contraction and unless that Flux of the Belly follow the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts it will necessarily express a greater Quantity of Chyle into the Venae Lacteae from whence the same incommodities will arise which we have deduced from the Pancreatick Juyce separated in too large a Quantity The more Viscid Pancreatick Juice concreting by the least external Cold will occasion Obstructions as also intermitting Feavers and likewise astringe the Belly Concerning the sensible Qualities and first of the Rellish there is sometimes produced a Pancreatick juyce less acid from whence there is neither a due Effervescency in the Duodenum and therefore not a necessary Separation of the profitable parts from the unprofitable nor a desired Consistency bestowed on the Blood and therefore they in whom such Blood is have been less able to resist Pestilential Venom than those in whom by the laudable Acidity of their Pancreatick Juice have also a more Laudable and greater Consistency of their Blood Hence the reason is also clear Why Melancholly Men are less afflicted with the Plague than those who are endued with a Bilious blood For we think that no man may be infected with the Plague so long as the Natural consistency of his blood is preserved We assert this the more freely because we see the blood in all persons infected with the Plague to be altered and obtain a far more fluid consistency So that if sometimes by chance Negligence Ignorance or any other urging Cause as for example too great a Plethory spitting of blood bringing a present danger to Life let a Vein be opened the blood flowing out although refrigerated nevertheless is in no wise coagulated neither can it acquire a due consistency even as sometimes is wont to happen to the animal Spirits being loosed from their Fetters and dissipated from the acidity existing in the blood wherefore also such a blood by divers Practitioners is called putrid We commonly say because it may so happen that the whole Mass of blood not as yet equally infected the laudible part of the blood in the cutting of a Vein may only flow out the blood remaining in the body being depraved the which thing Practitioners daily observe to happen in Venae-Section we do not only think with other Practitioners that the blood remains fluid without the bodies of those who are infected with the Plague but do also affirm the like fluidity in the bodies of those extinguished by the Pest as we have learned by Experience which perhaps may seem strange to those who know not the Nature of volatile Salts but not so to us who have very often mingled it with the blood and the blood always remained fluid the which cannot be certainly expected from the commixture
of any other thing with the blood then volatile Salts But on the contrary if you mingle any acid Spirit with the Blood Dictum Factum the Blood will be more or less Coagulated according as that Spirit shall be more or less Acid as for example if to try the Experiment we take Oyle of Vitriol Oyle of Sulphur per Campanum Aqua Fortis Aqua Regia c. Besides that the Blood will presently be Coagulated by them it also acquires a Ches-Nut Colour But if we take the Dulcid Spirit of Salt Juice of Lammons Distilled Vinegar or the like whose acid Spirit is more Temperate the Blood will only acquire the Consistency of a grosser Syrup with its red Colour remaining unhurt From whence it is evident the use of Acids may preserve men from the Plague not as according to the Opinion of many Authors that they cut and attenuate but as they preserve the natural Consistency of the Blood and do hinder its being infected with a more sharp Volatile Salt which we together with the Air suck into our Bodies For this cause the most Famous Dr. Sylvius who likewise hath Constituted the Venom of the Plague in a more sharp Volatile Salt when some Years since in the great Plague at Amsterdam which he fore-saw he took a Crust of Bread imbrued with white-Wine-Vinegar in which Mary-Golds had likewise been steeped by which Alexipharmack he so well preserved himself that he never was infected with the Pestilential Venome But when through too much hast he omitted the said Alexipharmack as soon as he entred into an infected House he was infected with a pain in the Head from which at other times he was free Which things being rightly considered every one may see that the Pestilent Venome is not indued with any force of Coagulating as the most Learned Willis hath stated it in his Treatise of Feavers C. 13. But seeing that Dr. Dela-Font hath sufficiently cleared this to all Opposers in his Discourse concerning the Pestilent Venome Chap. VIII We shall not spend any more time either to the Reader or our selves but wave the further Disquisition of those things because it is besides our purpose in this Treatise accurately to describe the Pestilence Wherefore we will leave the rest to a further Occasion seeing it is time that we return to the Incommodities flowing from the more Acid Pancreatick Juyce The Pancreatick Juyce being more sharp is the cause first of every Internal Cold being first of all felt in the Region of the Loyns and afterwards dispersed into the whole Body as for the most part we observe in the beginning of the Fits of Agues or Intermitting Feavers Secondly Of all Cutting paines as well in the Hypocondria's and whole Belly as in other parts of the Body Thirdly Of all manifest paines in the Belly from whence the Sick is sometimes tormented after a wonderful manner Wherefore we deduce all the black and aeruginous Bile from the same more Acid Pancreatick Juyce Because sometimes being put into a Pewter Chamber Pot or Brass Bason they Corrode the same and send forth a sharp Savour and also excite a manifest Effervescency which every man who hath saluted but the threshold of Chymistry knows cannot happen from any thing but Acids From whence they may be compelled to confess their Errour who affirm That all black Choler proceeding from Vomitting or Dejection of the Belly comes from the Follicles of the Gall or the Spleen All these things are not a little confirmed by the following Experiment sometimes made by us in a Dog in the Section of whom being alive having opened the Duodenum we found a greenish Liquor among the black such as the Antients have depicted to us for Atrabilis that we might pursue a more Intimate cognition thereof we examined diligently all the wayes through which any thing might be transfer'd to that Intestine and seeing that besides the Bilar Duct the Pancreatick and the Ventrile there was no way perceptible to the sight through which any notable Quantity of Humors might be afforded to the Intestines we judge therefore that in one of those the matter thereof must be obscured Wherefore we examined all those wayes in the first whereof we found the Bile naturally Constituted that waxing Yellow from a Green In the second we found the Pancreatick Juyce most limpid like to Distilled Water In the third we found the Aliments half crude having the Colour of White Ashes Seeing therefore that neither the Liver nor the Pancreas nor also the Stomach carryed that Atrabilis to the Intestine we began to suspect whether that Atrabilis might not emerge by the Union of two or three of those Humours being mingled together by course Concerning which thing that we might attain to a greater Certainty we affused Spirit of Vitriol to the Bile drawn forth from its Vesicle and placed it in the heat of the Sun from whence there was commonly excited from the Black a Greenish Liquor such as we first found in the Duodenum Hence we concluded the said Humour called Atrabilis not to flow from this or that part but to be generated in the Duodenum Namely as the Natural Colour of the Bile hath been transmitted into Black and Green by the Concourse of the more Acid Pancreatick Juyce Seeing that the Pancreatick Juyce by the ordinary Law of Nature may continually be mingled with the Bile and the Intestinal Pituity we will a little propose the same as joyn'd with those Humours If it chanceth that the more sluggish Pancreatick Juyce bounds with a sharper Bile and the Intestinal Pituity rightly Constituted the strength of the Pancreatick Juyce in that Concourse will be altogether infringed and the Exhalations which are excited by the Effervescency of those Humours will ascend not so much with Acid as Lixivious Particles which when they reach to the Stomach by infringing its Fermentation they will hinder the Concoction of the Aliment and destroy the Appetite but if it happen that those Exhalations ascend to the Jaws there amongst other Incommodities they will induce a Dryness of the Mouth especially if they infect the Spittle with their Salsitude But if they proceed further through the Milky Veines to the Heart from whence with the blood they may pass through the other parts of the body they will also produce a Heat in those as at first in the Intestines and there more troublesome where those Exhalations are most sharp If a more sharp Pancreatick Juyce concurreth with a sharper Bile there will presently be a mighty Effervescency excited in the Duodenum whereby the Intestines are sometimes so distended that they threaten a Ruption which thing we have very often observed whilst we applyed our selves to our Study in Leyden whilst we mixed together divers Liquors sit for Fermentation in two little Vessels in part of the Intestine intercepted by Ligatures even as D. Schuyl hath expressed it Fig. B. in his Treatise De veteri Medicina wherefore we judge in the first instant