't is no unseemly thing to weigh the excrements as the Trifler affirms IV. No Student in Physick besides the fool himself but knows that the vital faculty is diffus'd into the Arteries and the animal into the nerves by raies and not by spirits as he imagines V. The fool thinks that lightness as to the ballance in living bodies proceeds from the plenty of spirits it seems he never knew that dead bodies are lighter than the living and that living bodies after coition weigh less VI. He belies the Author affirming that the faculty of moving bodies upwards is no other than the spirits themselves whereas the Author affirms that the spirits are inanimate and that they gravitate more than air VII He is out again when he affirms that mens bodies are colder in the night time therefore they perspire little or nothing Nor did he ever observe that the pulse and nocturnal perspiration are signs of a more hot body VIII The fool thinks that living bodies are lighter than the dead never having taken notice that Butchers Fish-mongers and such as deal in Swine when they sell the living make a deduction of ten pounds in the hundred weight IX The extravagant man never thinks of the difference there is between ones being light if weigh'd in the ballance and the same person's feeling himself lighter A man may be sensible of his being very ponderous and yet be lighter in the ballance X. We know the weight of the body by measure not by imagination as our inconsiderate fool does who imagines that flegm is more ponderous than blood yet never observ'd that the former does swim on the top and that by reason of flegm the body is not really but is felt of greater weight But why because it obstructs perspiration XI He charges the Author with a falsity in making him affirm that insensible perspiration is a difflation of the flesh when he affirms no such thing In the winter-time there are about sixty ounces perspir'd in the space of one day with ease if that perspiration were of flesh a man's body would be destroy'd XII Galen made no mention of Statick Medicine therefore 't is a vain science He is doubly mistaken first because he never read his six Books De Tuenda c. Secondly it does not follow Galen said nothing of it therefore it is vain we have found out many instruments and those not contemptible which were not known before our times XIII The famous Author of the Commentary on the XII of the first Section of Aphorisms affirms that the meat is proportionated to the difflation and Com. XV. that there is a greater difflation in the winter-time therefore it is requisite there should be more meat eaten it is therefore requisite the weight should be known all which the trifling Staticomastix denies XIV The fool making no experiments himself denies those things that others have found true by experience He boldly adds this assertion If thirty six ounces be perspir'd in the space of one night there will be thirty two of flesh and four of excrements XV. The trifling Answerer puts the lie on all Authors affirming that the spirits are more tenuious than the Air. Are they not made of the blood and Air Does not the Air pass through the whole body but the spirits remain inclos'd in Vessels XVI He affirms that a plentiful perspiration does not take away from the body one ounce of its weight There 's no temerity deserves greater punishment than such a man's as makes no account of experience yet opposes experience We have found it certainly true that in the space of a night the body weighs less by three pound and that after coition mens bodies are lighter as to the Ballance Therefore the fool is chargeble with a lie XVII He affirms that after an immoderate purgation of the termes bodies are more ponderous after an extraordinary retention of them more light A fatal errour to the inconsiderate man who does not distinguish between being heavy in reference to the Ballance and one's feeling himself heavy What literal faults there may be the intelligent Reader will easily find and Correct FINIS
of the superiour parts XI If any one after sleep feels a kind of pain in his armes or imagines them more than usually wearied it is an argument that the body is of greater weight than nature can long endure XII They who sleep with their feet and legs uncover'd are depriv'd of as much perspiration as may amount to a pound in the space of one night XIII A continual agitation of the body in bed is more disturbant than swift running for in the motion of a person running the muscles only of the inferiour parts are mov'd in that of a person lying along the muscles of the whole body in a manner are in motion XIV Perspiration is more obstructed in persons sleeping by a cool southerly gale of wind than it is in persons awake by a great cold XV. If the night's rest be less than usual there is a diminution in the exhalation of the concocted perspirable matter but the perspiration of crudities is augmented XVI After meats of easy perspiration mens bodies are rendred rather weak than weighty but after those of difficult perspiration they become both weak and weighty XVII The perspiration occasion'd by sleep differs in species from that which comes by vigilance the former implies the evacuation of concocted perspirables without acrimony and with a recruiting of the strength the latter that of crudities and is sharp violent and with some difficulty XVIII A person sleeping perspires twice as much as one waking Thence came that remarkable saying Two hours of rest in a person awake are but equivasent to one of sleep XIX I have found by experience that in the space of seven hours the insensible perspiration in a person sleeping as to many amounted to about forty ounces in one awake but to twenty XX. He who goes to bed with an empty Stomach perspires that night about a third part less than he is wont to do XXI Persons of a cholerick constitution who go to bed with a stomach quite empty have these inconveniencies the belly and head are fill'd with crudities their temples beat their flesh wastes away they are troubled with vehement stretchings about the armes and hands sometimes a heart-burning or corrosion of the mouth of the Stomach vertigo's and epilepsies as it happen'd to Diodorus XXII After a perspiration greater than we are wont to have a more plentiful supper promises a longer and founder sleep XXIII A less than the usual perspiration is the foreteller of disturbed sleep and a troublesom night XXIV If after a short and unquiet sleep the flesh be found cold and that thereupon a feverish fit succeeds in weak persons it commonly presignifies death in strong a long continuance of sickness XXV By change of lodging sleep is disturbed and the perspiration is less For unwonted things though better are prejudicial to body and mind XXVI Men dream more in a bed they are not accustom'd to than in that they constantly ly in XXVII They who sleep and do not dream perspire well and so on the contrary XXVIII Sleep about four hours after meat is best for then nature is least employ'd about the first concoction it better recruits what was lost and more promotes perspiration XXIX If about five hours after supper you weigh a person just awak'd out of his sleep you will find that he hardly perspir'd a pound if it be done eight hours after sleep you will find that he has perspir'd three pound XXX If a mans sleep be shorter than it is wont to be there is somewhat of the perspiration obstructed which if it be not repair'd in the subsequent daies by a more plentiful perspiration there is some danger of a Feaver XXXI If there be a retention of any part of the usual perspiration the next day or after dinner we are overcome with sleep and in an hours space perspire about a pound or the night following lowing our sleep is so much the longer the more expedient it was that we should perspire more than usually otherwise we fall into a sensible crisis or into a disease XXXII Oscitation and the stretching of the joints after sleep denote that the body has perspir'd very well as it is related of Cocks smiting themselves with their wings before they crow XXXIII The oscitations and extensions of the joints and limbs which happen immediately after sleep are rais'd out of the plenty of perspirables excellently well prepar'd for evacuation XXXIV Mens bodies perspire more in half an hours space by yawning gaping and stretching out of the body than in three hours of any other time XXXV They who administer syrups or other medicines to sick persons during the time of their best perspiration which is commonly for the space of two hours after sleep injure them but in the subsequent hours they do them good XXXVI In Paroxysmes or any great fits of sickness gaping and stretching of the body signify the concentration of the heat but the evacuation of a great quantity of acrimonious perspible matter that had been retain'd XXXVII In an hours sleep at noon after meat mens bodies commonly evacuate sometimes a pound sometimes half a pound of excrements insensibly perspirable a pound if there be ought retain'd of the precedent day's perspiration half a pound if nothing XXXVIII If ought of the precedent day's Perspiration be retain'd and that it be not evacuated by sleeping at noon immediately after Sleep there is felt a great heaviness of the head and a very afflictive pain XXXIX If within four hours after sleep the meat a man has eaten be corrupted immediately these two inconveniences mutually consequent one to the other will follow to wit an obstruction of Perspiration and Watching XL. There is no cause does more frequently interrupt sleep than the corruption of a man's meat This is caus'd by the Sympathy there is between the Stomach and the Brain XLI Sleep is better in Winter than in Summer not because men's bellies are hotter or their sleep longer but because before day-light their bodieis are actually hotter and as such are apt to perspire very much whereas in Summer they are more cold XLII Purity of discourse and agility of body after sleep are indications that the body has perspir'd that night commonly at least three pound XLIII Lightness of the head after sleep at noon denotes that there had not been any thing retain'd of the precedent day's Perspiration XLIV Sleep moistens all the external and internal parts because it attenuates the perspirable matter and being so attenuated it disperses it into all the members XLV Vigilance stirs from the centre to the circumference that blood which is less prepar'd for Perspiration than it is in such as are asleep XLVI By Sleep the humours are concentrated the influent heat is united to the innate thirst is taken away unless Choler be predominant there is a conversion made of the blood into the second moistures and the bodies become lighter XLVII By Sleep the animal spirits languish by Vigilance the vital
strong perspiration XCIX If the pricking of a nerve be clos'd up with Milk Meal or any such thing the retain'd ichor becomes so sharp and corroding that the Patients die of Convulsions if the wound be not opened with Oyl C. Perspiration is beneficial in tumours if it be procur'd by things actually and potentially moist otherwise they turn to a scirrhus by dissolving the tenuious humour and leaving the gross CI. If any part of the body be full of blood or some other humour as it is observ'd in tumours and in the pleurisy it self it is not to be refrigerated because the matter being evacuated it is refrigerated of it self CII Hypochondriacal persons are recover'd of their Distemper if their bodies be made perspirable by frequent Bathings and be kept to moist diet CIII Insensible perspiration procur'd by fomentations in an unpurged body attracts more humours than it dissolves as appear'd in Simon 's case CIV Those bodies which insensibly perspire much are neither purg'd nor blooded as it is manifest in Children CV How come Lice to be generated Because the perspiration of the malignant ichor or thin matter is obstructed CVI. A Gangrene is prevented by those things that promote perspiration by those that promote suppuration it becomes a sphacelus that is when any part is mortify'd by inflammation CVII Why does the part affected with a Gangrene die Because the little arteries by reason of the redundancy of blood are not rais'd up 'T is remedied by sensible and insensible perspiration CVIII The most clammy humours in robust bodies make their way out through the narrowest passages as it is manifest by the Fatness voided by Urine as also by a mixture of Water and Hony injected into a wounded breast and consequently they must make their way through the insensible passages CIX By difflation as well the beneficial as the superfluous matter is evacuated but if after sleep strength and vigour be acquir'd the superfluous matter only is for the most part evacuated CX That difflation which is not sensibly perceiv'd is natural and is an argument of strength but sweating argues the contrary CXI If in the winter time any part of the body be very cold the whole does so far sympathize with it that the concoction and perspiration of the whole is thereby lessen'd CXII Swimming is more safe towards the evening in the morning the pores are stopped by the coldness of the water whence there is some danger of a Feaver CXIII If in the Summer time the body ly uncover'd the perspiration is obstructed whereupon ensue a drowsiness and heaviness of the Head and a bruised unweildiness of the body CXIV If the weight of the body be augmented in the space of five or six daies it is not to be taken off of a sudden but by degrees for abstinence from food if it be extraordinary hurts the Stomach the Brain and the Heart and after a while the whole body CXV In Autumn the weight of the body is augmented which if it exceed the standard of the Healthy latitude Tertians and other putrid Feavers are apt to be the consequences thereof CXVI Things that are extream cold in a violent Feaver if they be not heated prove mortal by reason of the difficulty of transpiration CXVII Nothing is more hurtful to malignant Ulcers than those things that hinder perspiration as fatness oyl wax CXVIII Of all the intermittent Feavers the Quotidian only is not without danger for Flegm is one of the chiefest things that obstruct perspiration CXIX If the perspiration be stop'd in the neck the sense of the pericranium is stupify'd as may be observ'd in persons walking in the wind and rain CXX Nothing is more apt to take away putrefaction than for one to use much Ventilation not only that which is procur'd by what is drawn in but also by what is evacuated through the insensible passages CXXI Refrigerations in acute diseases are symptoms of death as in Hermocrates for they take away perspiration CXXII After bathing the pores of the skin arâ— condens'd with oyl to the end that the alimental moisture being â—ttracted may not be dissolved In dangerous cases therefore use oyl to close and not to open the pores CXXIII And yet that course of diet which we least regard brings us to an old age great as that of Philip. CXXIV The Diaphragma or Midriff by contracting it self to its principle dilates the breast by that dilatation is inspiration wrought And by dilating it self it contracts the breast and by that contraction expiration is wrought CXXV But the Spincter or the Muscle that shuts the bladder by contracting it self to its principle closes the bladder and keeps in the Urine by spreading it self it dilates the bladder and emits the urine Of the Pestilence CXXVI THings infected with the plague communicate the infection as long as the next and remote causes remain but any one of those failing the poison ceases like the motion of a clock when upon the breaking of a Tooth in any one Wheel it is at a stand CXXVII We are not infected with the Plague by contact but by drawing in the pestiferous Air or the vapours arising from infected goods It happens thus the vital spirit is infected by the Air by such infection of the spirit the blood is congeal'd which last being fore'd outwards raises carbuncles black spots and Buboes if it remain within it causes death if it be quite expell'd we are past all danger CXXVIII If the whole infection be fore'd out into Carbuncles and Buboes 't is a good sign if not 't is mortal CXXIX We are not of our selves infected with the Plague but it is brought to us by others This is manifest by the experiment of such as are shut up in Nunneries CXXX Not all but much about the third part of mankind dies of the Pestilence That it is so may be seen by the experiment of those whose office it is to view the dead CXXXI They who conceive the blackness of the spots to be a sign of adustion are mistaken for many times aged men being internally and externally cold without any feaver depart this life in two days time with the same blackness but proceeding from a Thrombus or clots of blood CXXXII If a small quantity of blood by reason of the vital spirit 's being infected becomes a clot of blood and this last be wholly thrust out by buboes and carbuncles they are cur'd if it be not wholly forc'd out they die as in the black spots CXXXIII Consequent to this is it that they who have their ulcers and buboes open'd if the internal infection be wholly come out recover if not they die CXXXIV There are two ways to put a stop to the plague to wit that the sound be separated and that the infected may have place enough to air themselves There are two ways to do the latter to wit that they be not sent to places they abhor to come into and that their houshold stuff be not
and natural spirits languish XLVIII By Vigilance the animal spirits are corroborated but the vital and natural languish XLIX By Sleep the internal parts are more heated and are also made more light By Vigilance the external parts are made more hot and also more light L. By too much sleep the internal and external parts grow cold the humours are forcibly crowded in and made imperspirable and the bodies are rendred more ponderous LI. Cholerick bodies are extreamly prejudiced by excessive sleeping not because the excrements of the third concoction are made imperspirable but because they become extream sharp and are afterwards noxious to the head and other entrails LII In persons sleeping with the bed cloaths cast off perspiration is more obstructed than it is in persons awake who have no cloaths on as well by reason of the quiet posture of such as are asleep as also for that the heat of the external parts retreats inward LIII A more than usual watching â—enders men's bodies during the first subsequent days after it more ponderous and more weak They are more ponderous because after the evacuation of the perspirable excrements there is left behind a certain juice which of it self is crude and by accident ponderous they are weaker because where there is any crudity there is no conversion made and consequently the strength is impair'd LIV. If after immoderate watching a man sleep seven hours the Perspiration will be more than usual by about a pound LV. Continued watching renders mens bodies more ponderous not by reason of the greater Perspiration or sensible evacuation but because the recruit of fat and flesh is not answerable to what had been wasted LVI In the morning the body both is and is felt less ponderous it is so because by the precedent sleep three pound of perspirable excrements were evacuated it is so felt not only because it is lighter but also in regard that by the concoction of the meats that were easily perspirable there is an augmentation of strength LVII A man's body may become more ponderous by unusual watching if the meat wherewith it is fed be unfit for perspiration LVIII There is so plentiful an exhalation of the body in persons steeping that not only the sick lying with the sound but also the sound among themselves do mutually communicate their good or evil dispositions APHORISMS Added by the Author LIX AFter meat sleep after sleep concoction after concoction transpiration is best LX. Diacydonium or Marmalet not taken immediately after supper but after the first sleep excites sleep provided there be nothing drunk after it LXI Diacydonium or Marmalet taken with a little Cinnamon strengtheneth the stomach and that being strengthened sleep alwaies follows LXII A small quantity of Generous Wine and Garlick cause sleep and perspiration but if a man take more than is requisite they obstruct both however they convert the perspirable matter into sweating LXIII That man will doubtless come to a great age who does daily concoct and digest well concoction is caus'd by sleep and rest digestion by vigilance and exercise LXIV If the weariness ensuing after sleep be taken off by usual exercise the defect was in the digestion and not in the concoction LXV When we rise from sleep with our usual weight but with greater unweildiness if it be not taken off by our accustomed exercise it signisies an accumulation of crudities corruption of meat or immoderate coition LXVI Unusual sleeping at noon is hurtful to all the entrails and checks perspiration LXVII Weariness or unweildiness after sleep is taken off by those things which facilitate perspiration These are abstinence exercise vigilance and anger LXVIII If the body lie loose and flat sleep is hurtful if it be contracted it is good the entrails lying close and compacted together havean easy concoction but when they are loose by one's lying at length they have a difficult concoction LXIX If in sound persons a cold sweat ensue after sleep it argues they perspire less than they should do and in process of time if the same thing happens they are troubled with the Gout LXX By immoderate sleep and excessive drinking of Wine the strength is suffocated by excessive vigilance and exercise it is dissolved all these dimimishconcoction and that diminish'd there is a stoppage of requisite perspiration OF EXERCISE AND REST. SECT V. Aphorism I. THE occult perspiration of a mans body is less in violent motion than it is in the morning nine or ten hours from the time he had supp'd II. That which is evacuated in violent motion by the pores is sweat and an occult perspirable matter but as it is violent it is rais'd for the most part out of unconcocted juices for it seldom happens that there should be so great a collection of concocted perspirable matter in the body as is evacuated by violence III. Sweating alwaies proceeds from a violent cause and as such as statical experiments make it appear it obstructs the occult evacuation of concocted perspirable matter IV. The body perspires much more lying quietly in bed than turning from one side to another by frequent agitation V. Chearful and angry persons are less wearied by long travelling than the fearful and pensive for the former perspire more healthfully but the other less VI. Those bodies which are admitted to refection after immoderate exercise receive much prejudice because as they are wearied and burthen'd with meat they perspire less VII Exercise from the seventh hour to the twelfth after refection does insensibly dissolve more in the space of one hour than it does in three hours at any other time VIII Insensible evacuation after violent exercise obstructs the successive recruiting of that which is wasted nay if the same violence should continue the body will be rendred so light that in many there would be some danger of a future consumption IX By exercise mens bodies are made lighter for all the parts especially the muscles and ligaments are cleans'd from excrements by motion the perspirable matter is prepar'd for exhalation and the spirits are made more tenuious or subtil X. Motion prepares bodies for the evacuation of sensible and insensible excrements rest does it rather for that of the insensible only XI If the body lye quietly in the bed after supper for the space of ten hours it shall perspire excellently well if it rest there yet somewhat longer there follows immediately a diminution of both sensible and insensible evacuation XII Long rest renders indispos'd bodies more weighty as well in regard the perspirable excrements are prepar'd for evacuation by motion as also for that the meat and drink if such as the patient is not accustom'd to or more in quantity than is requisite are not digested and thence proceed all inconveniences and many times death XIII If a person who has kept his bed long be troubled with pain in the feet the remedy is walking if one that is upon a journey be so troubled the remedy is rest XIV There