or_o these_o be_v not_o faithful_a servant_n to_o he_o by_o bring_v in_o visible_a object_n of_o worship_n by_o set_v up_o image_n and_o persuade_v man_n to_o make_v oblation_n and_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o they_o and_o because_o it_o be_v so_o hard_a a_o matter_n to_o choke_v those_o natural_a motion_n of_o man_n mind_n towards_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o father_n of_o all_o 122._o therefore_o they_o endeavour_v to_o draw_v man_n far_o from_o he_o by_o tempt_v they_o to_o all_o manner_n of_o impiety_n whereas_o the_o good_a angel_n we_o read_v of_o in_o scripture_n always_o direct_v man_n to_o pay_v their_o honour_n and_o adoration_n not_o to_o themselves_o but_o only_o to_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o teach_v man_n that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o give_v they_o to_o any_o of_o his_o minister_n and_o servant_n 123._o but_o these_o deity_n of_o julian_n be_v willing_a to_o receive_v worship_n from_o man_n and_o their_o prayer_n and_o acknowledgement_n and_o praise_n and_o gift_n and_o sacrifice_n where_o we_o see_v he_o join_v they_o all_o together_o as_o part_n of_o that_o divine_a worship_n which_o be_v proper_a only_o to_o god_n but_o julian_n be_v very_o much_o displease_v at_o the_o second_o commandment_n and_o will_v have_v be_v glad_a to_o have_v see_v it_o strike_v out_o of_o the_o number_n of_o ten_o as_o some_o in_o the_o world_n have_v do_v because_o god_n therein_o express_v so_o much_o jealousy_n for_o his_o own_o honour_n 155._o cyril_n in_o answer_n to_o he_o show_v that_o this_o be_v no_o way_n unbecoming_a god_n to_o be_v so_o much_o concern_v for_o his_o honour_n because_o man_n great_a happiness_n as_o alexander_n aphrodisiensis_n say_v in_o his_o book_n of_o providence_n lie_v in_o the_o due_a apprehension_n and_o service_n of_o god_n by_o which_o we_o see_v that_o the_o controversy_n about_o idolatry_n as_o it_o be_v hitherto_o manage_v between_o christian_n and_o heathen_n do_v suppose_v the_o belief_n of_o one_o supreme_a god_n in_o those_o who_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o after_o these_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o consider_v what_o the_o ancient_a author_n of_o the_o recognition_n under_o clemens_n his_o name_n say_v upon_o this_o subject_n of_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n he_o live_v say_v cotelerius_fw-la in_o the_o second_o century_n if_o that_o be_v true_a his_o authority_n be_v the_o more_o considerable_a however_o it_o be_v certain_a ruffinus_n translate_v this_o book_n and_o thâ—â—_n make_v it_o ancient_a enough_o to_o our_o purpose_n he_o bring_v in_o the_o heathen_a idolater_n plead_v thus_o for_o themselves_o 19_o we_o likewise_o acknowledge_v one_o god_n who_o be_v lord_n over_o all_o but_o yet_o the_o other_o be_v god_n too_o as_o there_o be_v but_o one_o caesar_n who_o have_v many_o officer_n under_o he_o as_o praefect_n consul_n tribune_n and_o other_o magistrate_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n we_o suppose_v when_o there_o be_v but_o one_o supreme_a god_n he_o have_v many_o other_o inferior_a god_n as_o so_o many_o officer_n under_o he_o who_o be_v all_o subject_n to_o he_o but_o yet_o over_o we_o to_o this_o he_o bring_v in_o s._n peter_n answer_v that_o he_o desire_v they_o to_o keep_v to_o their_o own_o similitude_n for_o as_o they_o who_o attribute_v the_o name_n of_o caesar_n to_o any_o inferior_a officer_n deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v so_o will_v those_o more_o severe_o who_o give_v the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o any_o of_o his_o creature_n where_o the_o name_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v alone_o but_o as_o it_o imply_v the_o dignity_n and_o authority_n go_v along_o with_o it_o and_o the_o profess_v of_o that_o subjection_n which_o be_v only_o due_a to_o that_o authority_n for_o what_o injury_n be_v it_o to_o caesar_n for_o a_o man_n only_o to_o have_v the_o name_n of_o caesar_n but_o the_o injury_n lie_v in_o usurp_a the_o authority_n under_o that_o name_n so_o the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n can_v not_o lie_v in_o give_v the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o any_o creature_n but_o in_o give_v that_o worship_n which_o that_o name_n call_v for_o and_o yet_o this_o worship_n here_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o supreme_a excellency_n of_o god_n if_o we_o now_o look_v into_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o latin_a church_n against_o the_o heathen_a idolater_n 11._o we_o shall_v find_v they_o agree_v with_o the_o other_o tertullian_n appeal_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o man_n for_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o one_o true_a and_o supreme_a god_n 17._o for_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o their_o idolatry_n they_o be_v apt_a upon_o any_o great_a occasion_n to_o lift_v up_o their_o hand_n and_o eye_n to_o heaven_n animae_fw-la where_o the_o only_a true_a and_o great_a and_o good_a god_n be_v and_o he_o mention_n their_o common_a phrase_n god_n give_v and_o god_n see_v and_o i_o commend_v you_o to_o god_n and_o god_n will_v restore_v all_o which_o do_v show_v the_o natural_a testimony_n of_o conscience_n as_o to_o the_o unity_n and_o supreme_a excellency_n of_o god_n and_o in_o his_o book_n ad_fw-la scapulam_fw-la 4._o god_n show_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o powerful_a god_n by_o what_o he_o do_v upon_o their_o supplication_n to_o he_o under_o the_o name_n of_o jove_n minucius_n felix_n make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o argument_n and_o say_v they_o be_v clear_a argument_n of_o their_o consent_n with_o the_o christian_n in_o the_o belief_n of_o one_o god_n and_o make_v it_o no_o great_a matter_n what_o name_n they_o call_v he_o by_o 19_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v already_o and_o afterward_o produce_v many_o testimony_n of_o the_o philosopher_n almost_o all_o he_o say_v that_o they_o acknowledge_v one_o god_n although_o under_o several_a name_n 21._o arnobius_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v 101._o that_o on_o both_o side_n they_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n eternal_a and_o invisible_a and_o father_n of_o all_o thing_n from_o who_o all_o the_o heathen_a deity_n have_v their_o beginning_n but_o all_o the_o dispute_n be_v about_o give_v divine_a worship_n to_o any_o else_o beside_o he_o lactantius_n say_v there_o be_v no_o wise_a man_n ever_o question_v the_o be_v of_o one_o god_n 3._o who_o make_v and_o govern_v all_o thing_n yet_o because_o he_o know_v the_o world_n be_v full_a of_o fool_n he_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v it_o at_o large_a from_o the_o testimony_n of_o poet_n and_o philosopher_n as_o so_o many_o have_v do_v before_o he_o and_o for_o t._n g_o be_v satisfaction_n he_o say_v etc._n that_o orpheus_n although_o as_o good_a at_o feign_v as_o any_o of_o the_o poet_n can_v not_o by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o god_n mean_v jupiter_n the_o son_n of_o saturn_n yet_o who_o can_v tell_v but_o such_o a_o magician_n as_o orpheus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v may_v mean_v a_o arch-devil_n by_o he_o but_o i_o be_o sure_a neither_o lactantius_n nor_o any_o of_o the_o father_n ever_o think_v so_o for_o if_o they_o have_v they_o will_v not_o so_o often_o have_v produce_v his_o testimony_n to_o so_o little_a purpose_n and_o to_o the_o greek_a testimony_n mention_v before_o by_o other_o lactantius_n add_v those_o of_o cicero_n and_o seneca_n who_o call_v the_o infeririour_a god_n the_o child_n of_o the_o supreme_a and_o the_o minister_n of_o his_o kingdom_n thus_o far_o we_o have_v the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n against_o the_o heathen_a idolatry_n that_o the_o heathen_n do_v acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a god_n s._n augustin_n tell_v we_o 9_o that_o varro_n think_v that_o those_o who_o worship_v one_o god_n without_o image_n do_v mean_v the_o same_o by_o he_o that_o they_o do_v by_o their_o jove_n but_o only_o call_v he_o by_o another_o name_n by_o those_o 22._o s._n austin_n say_v varro_n mean_v the_o jew_n and_o he_o think_v it_o no_o matter_n what_o name_n god_n be_v call_v by_o so_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v mean_v it_o be_v true_a s._n augustin_n argue_v against_o it_o from_o the_o poetical_a fable_n about_o saturn_n and_o juno_n but_o withal_o he_o confess_v that_o they_o think_v it_o very_o unreasonable_a 13._o for_o their_o religion_n to_o be_v charge_v with_o those_o fable_n which_o themselves_o disow_v and_o therefore_o at_o last_o he_o can_v not_o deny_v that_o they_o believe_v themselves_o that_o by_o the_o jove_n in_o the_o capitol_n they_o understand_v and_o worship_v the_o spirit_n that_o quicken_v and_o fill_v the_o world_n of_o which_o virgil_n speak_v in_o those_o word_n jovis_fw-la omne_fw-la plena_fw-la but_o he_o wonder_v that_o since_o they_o acknowledge_v this_o to_o be_v the_o supreme_a if_o not_o only_a deity_n the_o roman_n do_v not_o rather_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o worship_n of_o he_o alone_o than_o run_v about_o and_o
make_v so_o many_o address_n to_o the_o petty_a and_o inferior_a deity_n this_o indeed_o be_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v wonder_v at_o and_o yet_o no_o doubt_n they_o think_v they_o have_v as_o good_a reason_n for_o it_o as_o t._n g._n give_v why_o incontinent_a person_n shall_v rather_o make_v their_o address_n to_o s._n mary_n magdalen_n in_o heaven_n than_o to_o her_o sister_n martha_n or_o to_o god_n himself_o 369._o so_o the_o roman_a woman_n think_v lucina_n and_o opis_n better_a for_o a_o good_a hour_n than_o ceres_n or_o minerva_n and_o levana_n and_o cunina_n for_o new_a bear_v child_n 24._o than_o vulcan_n or_o apollo_n and_o yet_o s._n augustin_n tell_v we_o many_o of_o they_o do_v not_o esteem_v these_o as_o any_o distinct_a deity_n but_o only_o as_o representation_n of_o the_o several_a power_n of_o the_o same_o god_n suitable_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o person_n but_o t._n g._n will_v not_o say_v that_o by_o s._n mary_n magdalen_n he_o only_o understand_v the_o power_n of_o god_n grace_n in_o convert_v incontinent_a person_n but_o if_o he_o have_v he_o have_v give_v a_o much_o better_a reason_n of_o their_o pray_v to_o she_o yet_o even_o in_o such_o a_o case_n s._n austin_n think_v it_o be_v better_a to_o pray_v direct_o to_o god_n himself_o and_o the_o old_a roman_a matron_n will_v have_v think_v they_o can_v have_v direct_v such_o person_n to_o temple_n proper_a for_o they_o viz._n those_o of_o virtue_n and_o chastity_n the_o one_o of_o which_o stand_v ad_fw-la portam_fw-la capenam_fw-la the_o other_o in_o vico_fw-la longo_fw-la but_o i_o need_v not_o give_v such_o particular_a direction_n for_o i_o be_o afraid_a their_o ruin_n be_v scarce_o leave_v in_o rome_n for_o neither_o marlianus_n nor_o alexander_n donatus_n in_o their_o accurate_a description_n of_o rome_n can_v tell_v where_o to_o find_v they_o for_o our_o better_a understanding_n the_o controversy_n about_o idolatry_n as_o it_o be_v represent_v by_o s._n augustin_n 31._o we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o not_o only_a scaevola_n and_o balbus_n in_o cicero_n but_o varro_n and_o seneca_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o wise_a man_n do_v with_o great_a indignation_n reject_v the_o poetical_a theology_n as_o they_o call_v it_o 10._o and_o wish_v several_a thing_n reform_v in_o the_o popular_a religion_n and_o think_v themselves_o as_o unjust_o charge_v with_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o people_n as_o t._n g._n do_v for_o their_o church_n to_o be_v charge_v with_o all_o the_o ridiculous_a address_n that_o some_o make_v to_o saint_n among_o they_o 368._o for_o varro_n confess_v that_o the_o people_n be_v too_o apt_a to_o follow_v the_o poet_n 32._o as_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n they_o be_v to_o pray_v by_o their_o legend_n but_o they_o think_v the_o people_n be_v better_o let_v alone_o in_o their_o foppery_n than_o to_o be_v suffer_v to_o break_v loose_a from_o that_o subjection_n which_o their_o superstition_n keep_v they_o in_o and_o with_o these_o s._n austin_n reckon_v the_o philosopher_n 1._o with_o who_o he_o say_v the_o question_n to_o be_v debate_v be_v this_o whether_o we_o be_v bind_v only_o to_o worship_v one_o supreme_a god_n the_o maker_n of_o all_o thing_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o worship_v many_o god_n who_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v by_o he_o and_o after_o he_o have_v discourse_v against_o varro_n and_o those_o of_o his_o opinion_n who_o reduce_v all_o their_o theology_n to_o nature_n and_o make_v god_n to_o be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n capable_a of_o divine_a worship_n on_o that_o account_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n he_o undertake_v those_o who_o assert_v one_o supreme_a deity_n above_o nature_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o yet_o plead_v for_o the_o worship_n of_o inferior_a deity_n he_o confess_v that_o they_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a god_n 11._o and_o bring_v the_o several_a place_n of_o s._n paul_n mention_v in_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o discourse_n to_o prove_v it_o and_o inquire_v how_o the_o philosopher_n come_v to_o such_o knowledge_n of_o he_o he_o first_o propound_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o father_n that_o they_o learn_v it_o in_o egypt_n meet_v with_o the_o book_n of_o scripture_n there_o but_o he_o rather_o and_o with_o good_a reason_n resolve_v it_o into_o the_o natural_a knowledge_n of_o god_n for_o say_v he_o that_o which_o be_v know_v of_o god_n be_v manifest_a to_o they_o for_o god_n have_v reveal_v it_o to_o they_o but_o it_o seem_v by_o s._n augustin_n that_o there_o be_v two_o opinion_n among_o they_o at_o that_o time_n about_o divine_a worship_n for_o some_o of_o who_o he_o reckon_v apuleius_n the_o chief_a 22._o be_v for_o the_o worship_n of_o daemon_n although_o they_o acknowledge_v they_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o evil_a passion_n yet_o they_o look_v on_o they_o as_o intercessor_n between_o man_n and_o the_o god_n and_o therefore_o to_o be_v worship_v but_o other_o who_o keep_v close_o to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o plato_n believe_v none_o to_o be_v god_n but_o such_o as_o be_v certain_o good_a 22._o but_o be_v shy_a of_o declare_v their_o opinion_n against_o the_o worship_n of_o daemon_n for_o fear_n of_o displease_v the_o people_n by_o it_o 1._o and_o with_o these_o s._n augustin_n declare_v he_o will_v have_v no_o controversy_n about_o the_o name_n of_o god_n as_o long_o as_o they_o believe_v they_o to_o be_v create_v 23._o immortal_a good_a and_o happy_a not_o by_o themselves_o but_o by_o adhere_v to_o god_n which_o he_o say_v be_v the_o opinion_n either_o of_o all_o or_o at_o least_o the_o best_a of_o the_o platonist_n and_o now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o controversy_n as_o it_o be_v manage_v by_o s._n augustin_n in_o his_o ten_o book_n which_o be_v whether_o those_o rite_n of_o religious_a worship_n which_o be_v use_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n 1._o may_v be_v likewise_o use_v towards_o any_o create_v be_v though_o suppose_v to_o be_v of_o the_o high_a excellency_n and_o as_o near_o to_o god_n as_o we_o can_v suppose_v any_o creature_n to_o be_v and_o that_o this_o and_o this_o only_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n i_o appeal_v to_o his_o own_o word_n which_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o in_o the_o language_n he_o write_v they_o that_o i_o be_v not_o blame_v with_o artificial_a turn_v they_o to_o my_o own_o sense_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la apertius_fw-la dicam_fw-la utrum_fw-la etiam_fw-la sibi_fw-la a_o tantum_fw-la deo_fw-la svo_fw-la qui_fw-la etiam_fw-la noster_fw-la est_fw-la placeat_fw-la eye_n ut_fw-la sacra_fw-la faciamus_fw-la &_o sacrificemus_fw-la vel_fw-la aliqua_fw-la nostra_fw-la seu_fw-la nos_fw-la ipsos_fw-la religionis_fw-la ritibus_fw-la consecremus_fw-la i._o e._n that_o i_o may_v speak_v plain_o whether_o it_o be_v please_v to_o they_o viz._n good_a spirit_n that_o we_o offer_v divine_a worship_n and_o sacrifice_n to_o they_o or_o that_o we_o consecrate_v ourselves_o or_o any_o thing_n of_o we_o to_o they_o by_o religious_a rite_n and_o this_o say_v he_o be_v that_o worship_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o deity_n which_o because_o we_o can_v find_v one_o convenient_a word_n in_o latin_a to_o express_v it_o by_o i_o will_v call_v latria_n as_o that_o service_n which_o be_v due_a to_o man_n be_v call_v by_o another_o name_n viz._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o he_o give_v this_o reason_n why_o he_o make_v choice_n of_o latria_n to_o signify_v divine_a worship_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n because_o the_o latin_a word_n colere_fw-la be_v so_o very_o ambiguous_a it_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o till_v of_o land_n inhabit_v of_o place_n and_o therefore_o cultus_fw-la can_v not_o so_o proper_o be_v apply_v only_o to_o divine_a worship_n nor_o yet_o religion_n because_o that_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o latin_n be_v apply_v to_o other_o sense_n and_o the_o same_o reason_n he_o give_v as_o to_o other_o name_n for_o my_o part_n i_o quarrel_v not_o at_o all_o with_o s._n augustins_n use_n of_o the_o word_n and_o think_v it_o proper_a enough_o to_o apply_v it_o in_o his_o sense_n which_o comprehend_v in_o it_o not_o mere_o sacrifice_v but_o all_o those_o religious_a rite_n whereby_o we_o give_v worship_n to_o god_n and_o nothing_o can_v to_o i_o appear_v more_o senseless_a than_o to_o imagine_v that_o s._n augustiâ—â—_n shall_v here_o speak_v only_o of_o sovereign_a worship_n proper_a to_o god_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o supreme_a excellency_n distinguish_v that_o from_o a_o inferior_a kind_n of_o religious_a worship_n due_a tâ—_n create_v excellency_n when_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o both_o side_n that_o there_o be_v one_o supremâ—_n excellency_n which_o be_v incommunicable_a to_o any_o creature_n so_o that_o the_o dispute_n abouâ—_n worship_n must_v suppose_v those_o
signify_v daughter_n imply_v the_o lesser_a deity_n and_o olla_fw-mi taal_fw-mi the_o supreme_a god_n as_o the_o word_n signify_v which_o he_o prove_v from_o sharestanius_fw-la that_o the_o old_a arab_n do_v acknowledge_v abraham_n ecchellensis_n speak_v of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o old_a arabian_n say_v that_o those_o who_o be_v of_o the_o sect_n of_o chaled_a orient_a go_v upon_o this_o principle_n that_o there_o be_v one_o creator_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n most_o powerful_a and_o most_o wise_a beside_o these_o there_o be_v those_o who_o worship_v intelligence_n or_o celestial_a spirit_n and_o these_o say_v he_o although_o they_o confess_v one_o creator_n of_o the_o world_n most_o holy_a wise_a and_o powerful_a yet_o they_o say_v we_o have_v need_n of_o mediator_n to_o he_o therefore_o they_o invoke_v those_o spirit_n with_o all_o rite_n of_o religious_a worship_n and_o these_o say_v he_o be_v call_v the_o daughter_n of_o god_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o alcoran_n not_o much_o different_a from_o these_o be_v the_o worshipper_n of_o image_n who_o he_o describe_v as_o we_o have_v do_v before_o but_o he_o tell_v we_o there_o be_v a_o sect_n of_o dahritae_n among_o they_o who_o he_o call_v philosopher_n who_o be_v mere_a atheist_n and_o assert_v the_o eternity_n of_o the_o world_n and_o these_o be_v except_v he_o say_v that_o the_o ancient_a arab_n do_v believe_v the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o he_o tell_v out_o of_o they_o 9_o their_o particular_a history_n of_o it_o but_o ecchellensis_n be_v aware_a of_o the_o parallel_n between_o the_o worship_n practise_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o among_o the_o arabian_n suppose_v they_o acknowledge_v one_o true_a god_n and_o therefore_o put_v the_o qustion_n whether_o they_o do_v worship_v their_o idol_n for_o god_n without_o relation_n to_o any_o superior_a or_o only_o take_v they_o for_o second_o cause_n and_o give_v they_o the_o name_n of_o god_n only_o analogical_o it_o be_v a_o question_n seasonable_o put_v but_o not_o so_o wise_o answer_v for_o as_o if_o he_o have_v quite_o forget_v what_o he_o have_v say_v before_o he_o say_v without_o all_o doubt_n the_o most_o of_o they_o look_v upon_o the_o god_n they_o worship_v as_o of_o supreme_a authority_n and_o majesty_n and_o independent_a of_o any_o other_o what_o although_o they_o acknowledge_v but_o one_o supreme_a god_n and_o call_v all_o the_o lesser_a deity_n his_o daughter_n although_o all_o of_o they_o a_o very_a few_o except_v believe_v the_o creation_n of_o all_o thing_n by_o one_o most_o wise_a and_o powerful_a be_v but_o alas_o he_o do_v not_o think_v of_o this_o question_n when_o he_o say_v the_o other_o thing_n and_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o remember_v they_o now_o but_o to_o say_v what_o serve_v best_a for_o his_o present_a purpose_n to_o clear_v the_o roman_a church_n from_o idolatry_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v then_o but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o sect_n of_o dahritae_n who_o do_v only_o in_o name_n own_o any_o thing_n of_o god_n and_o religion_n that_o do_v assert_v the_o eternity_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o god_n but_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n both_o among_o the_o phoenician_n and_o chaldean_n as_o well_o as_o arabian_n but_o i_o say_v these_o be_v atheist_n and_o not_o idolater_n those_o who_o where_o charge_v with_o idolatry_n among_o they_o be_v such_o as_o believe_v a_o supreme_a deity_n but_o give_v divine_a honour_n to_o being_n create_a by_o he_o the_o like_a be_v suggest_v by_o some_o concern_v the_o persian_n as_o though_o they_o attribute_v omnipotency_n and_o divine_a worship_n only_o to_o the_o sun_n and_o those_o who_o take_v all_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n upon_o trust_n mere_o from_o herodotus_n or_o justin_n or_o other_o greek_a and_o latin_a writer_n may_v think_v they_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v it_o but_o if_o we_o look_v into_o those_o who_o have_v be_v most_o conversant_a in_o the_o persian_a write_n we_o shall_v find_v a_o different_a account_n of_o they_o jac._n golius_n in_o his_o note_n on_o alferganus_fw-la say_v 20._o that_o the_o persian_n give_v the_o name_n of_o their_o god_n to_o their_o month_n and_o day_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a religion_n of_o the_o persian_n and_o magi_n whereby_o they_o do_v believe_v their_o god_n to_o preside_v over_o they_o for_o it_o be_v a_o principle_n among_o they_o as_o well_o as_o other_o nation_n of_o the_o east_n that_o the_o thing_n of_o this_o low_a world_n be_v administer_v by_o angel_n and_o according_o they_o have_v their_o particular_a prayer_n and_o devotion_n according_a to_o the_o several_a day_n and_o month_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o their_o very_a meat_n drink_n clothing_z and_o perfume_n be_v different_a and_o they_o have_v their_o table_n or_o rubric_n to_o instruct_v they_o and_o what_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o the_o planet_n be_v not_o say_v he_o 21._o to_o themselves_o but_o to_o those_o intelligency_n which_o they_o suppose_v to_o rule_v they_o nay_o they_o suppose_v particular_a spirit_n to_o rule_v over_o all_o the_o material_a part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o spirit_n over_o fire_n be_v call_v adar_n and_o aredbahist_n the_o spirit_n over_o herb_n and_o tree_n chordad_fw-es the_o spirit_n over_o bruit_n be_v bahmen_fw-ge the_o spirit_n over_o the_o earth_n be_v asfendurm_v and_o so_o they_o have_v a_o angel_n of_o night_n and_o another_o of_o death_n and_o the_o spirit_n over_o the_o sun_n be_v call_v mihrgîan_n from_fw-la mihr_fw-ge the_o sun_n whence_o the_o word_n mithras_n but_o above_o all_o these_o they_o believe_v there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o call_v hormuz_n and_o dei_fw-la 40._o and_o the_o persian_a writer_n say_v that_o zoroaster_n appoint_v six_o great_a festival_n in_o the_o year_n in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o six_o day_n creation_n 24._o and_o to_o this_o be_v very_o agreeable_a what_o the_o persee_v in_o indosthan_n do_v to_o this_o day_n deliver_v of_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o religion_n for_o 5._o they_o affirm_v god_n to_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o that_o he_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n to_o certain_a spirit_n and_o they_o worship_v the_o fire_n as_o a_o part_n of_o god_n and_o call_v the_o sun_n and_o moon_n god_n great_a witness_n 44._o and_o the_o description_n of_o they_o in_o varenius_n full_o accord_v with_o this_o that_o they_o acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a god_n every_o where_o present_a 269._o that_o govern_v the_o world_n but_o he_o make_v use_v of_o seven_o chief_a minister_n for_o the_o management_n of_o it_o one_o over_o man_n another_o over_z bruit_n another_o over_o fire_n as_o be_v before_o describe_v and_o under_o these_o they_o place_v 25_o more_o who_o be_v all_o to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o the_o supreme_a god_n of_o their_o administration_n with_o this_o account_n agree_v the_o relation_n of_o mandelslo_n concern_v they_o 215._o who_o say_v that_o the_o parsis_n believe_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n preserver_n of_o the_o universe_n that_o he_o act_v alone_a and_o immediate_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o that_o the_o seven_o servant_n of_o god_n for_o who_o they_o have_v also_o a_o great_a veneration_n have_v only_o a_o inferior_a administration_n whereof_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v account_n and_o after_o the_o enumerate_v these_o with_o their_o particular_a charge_n he_o reckon_v up_o 26_o under_o they_o with_o their_o several_a name_n but_o they_o call_v they_o all_o in_o common_a geshoo_n i._n e._n lord_n and_o believe_v he_o say_v that_o they_o have_v a_o absolute_a power_n over_o the_o thing_n whereof_o god_n have_v entrust_v they_o with_o the_o administration_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o they_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o worship_v they_o and_o to_o invocate_v they_o in_o their_o extremity_n out_o of_o a_o persuasion_n that_o god_n will_v not_o deny_v they_o any_o thing_n they_o desire_v on_o their_o intercession_n schickard_n relate_v a_o particular_a story_n of_o the_o persian_a king_n firutz_n 130._o or_o peroze_n which_o show_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o a_o supreme_a deity_n among_o the_o persian_n in_o his_o time_n which_o be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n of_o chalcedon_n there_o happen_v a_o mighty_a drought_n in_o persia_n so_o that_o it_o rain_v not_o for_o seven_o year_n and_o when_o the_o king_n granary_n be_v utter_o exhaust_v and_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o further_a supply_n he_o call_v his_o people_n out_o into_o the_o open_a field_n and_o there_o in_o a_o most_o humble_a manner_n he_o beseech_v the_o great_a god_n lord_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n to_o send_v they_o rain_n and_o give_v not_o over_o pray_v till_o a_o plentiful_a shower_n fall_v upon_o they_o which_o say_v he_o be_v another_o example_n after_o the_o ninivites_n of_o god_n great_a mercy_n
after_o a_o public_a and_o solemn_a repentance_n but_o that_o this_o prince_n be_v yet_o a_o worshipper_n of_o the_o sun_n appear_v by_o what_o follow_v when_o the_o emperor_n zenâ—_n have_v he_o at_o his_o mercy_n and_o make_v he_o promise_v fidelity_n to_o he_o by_o bow_v of_o himself_o to_o he_o he_o to_o avoid_v the_o reproach_n of_o it_o among_o his_o people_n carry_v himself_o so_o that_o he_o seem_v only_o to_o they_o to_o make_v his_o reverence_n to_o the_o sun_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n 13._o but_o it_o will_v add_v yet_o more_o to_o the_o conviction_n of_o t._n g._n and_o to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o idolatry_n to_o show_v that_o those_o nation_n which_o be_v at_o this_o day_n charge_v with_o idolatry_n by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a god_n and_o i_o shall_v now_o show_v that_o those_o idolater_n who_o have_v understand_v their_o own_o religion_n have_v go_v upon_o one_o of_o these_o three_o principle_n either_o 1_o that_o god_n have_v commit_v the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n under_o he_o to_o some_o inferior_a deity_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o platonist_n and_o of_o the_o arabian_n and_o persian_n or_o 2._o that_o god_n be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o the_o part_n of_o it_o deserve_v divine_a honour_n which_o be_v the_o principle_n of_o varro_n and_o the_o stoic_n or_o 3._o that_o god_n be_v of_o so_o great_a perfection_n and_o excellency_n that_o he_o be_v above_o our_o service_n and_o therefore_o what_o external_a adoration_n we_o pay_v aught_o to_o be_v to_o something_o below_o he_o which_o i_o shall_v show_v to_o have_v be_v the_o principle_n of_o those_o who_o have_v give_v the_o least_o external_a adoration_n to_o the_o supreme_a god_n these_o thing_n i_o shall_v make_v appear_v by_o give_v a_o brief_a account_n of_o the_o idolatry_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o the_o emissary_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v show_v their_o great_a zeal_n in_o endeavour_v to_o convert_v from_o their_o idolatry_n there_o be_v two_o sect_n in_o the_o east-indies_n if_o i_o may_v call_v they_o so_o from_o who_o the_o several_a nation_n which_o inhabit_v there_o have_v receive_v what_o principle_n of_o religion_n they_o have_v and_o those_o be_v the_o brahmin_n and_o the_o chinese_n and_o the_o give_a account_n of_o these_o two_o will_v take_v in_o the_o way_n of_o worship_n that_o be_v general_o know_v among_o they_o for_o the_o brahmin_n i_o shall_v take_v my_o account_n chief_o from_o those_o who_o have_v be_v conversant_a among_o they_o and_o have_v the_o best_a reason_n to_o understand_v their_o religion_n francis_n xaverius_n who_o go_v first_o upon_o that_o commendable_a employment_n of_o convert_v the_o indian_n 11._o say_v that_o the_o brahmin_n tell_v he_o they_o know_v very_o well_o there_o be_v but_o one_o god_n and_o one_o of_o the_o learned_a brahmin_n in_o his_o discourse_n with_o he_o not_o only_o confess_v the_o same_o but_o add_v that_o on_o sunday_n which_o their_o teacher_n keep_v very_o exact_o they_o use_v only_o this_o prayer_n i_o adore_v thou_o o_o god_n with_o thy_o grace_n and_o help_v for_o ever_o tursellinus_n say_v 2.6.9_o that_o he_o confess_v this_o to_o be_v one_o of_o their_o great_a mystery_n that_o there_o be_v one_o god_n maker_n of_o the_o world_n who_o reign_v in_o heaven_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v worship_v by_o man_n and_o so_o do_v jarricus_fw-la bartoli_n not_o only_o relate_v the_o same_o passage_n 31._o but_o give_v this_o account_n of_o their_o theology_n that_o they_o call_v the_o supreme_a god_n parabrama_n which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v absolute_o perfect_a be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o thing_n exist_v from_o himself_o and_o free_a from_o all_o composition_n that_o he_o commit_v to_o brama_n the_o care_n of_o all_o thing_n about_o religion_n to_o wistnow_v another_o of_o his_o son_n the_o care_n of_o man_n right_n and_o relieve_v they_o in_o their_o necessity_n to_o a_o three_o the_o power_n over_o the_o element_n and_o over_o humane_a body_n these_o three_o they_o represent_v by_o a_o image_n with_o three_o head_n rise_v all_o out_o of_o the_o same_o trunk_n these_o be_v high_o esteem_v and_o pray_v to_o for_o they_o suppose_v parabrama_n to_o be_v at_o perfect_a ease_n and_o to_o have_v commit_v the_o care_n of_o all_o to_o they_o but_o the_o brachman_n padmanaba_n give_v a_o more_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o management_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o abraham_n rogers_n who_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o he_o and_o be_v fifteen_o year_n in_o those_o part_n 110._o next_o to_o brama_n they_o make_v one_o dewendre_a to_o be_v the_o superintendent_n deity_n 201._o who_o have_v many_o more_o under_o he_o and_o beside_o these_o they_o have_v particular_a deity_n over_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o the_o persian_n have_v they_o believe_v both_o good_a and_o evil_a spirit_n and_o call_v they_o by_o several_a name_n the_o former_a they_o call_v deütas_n and_o the_o other_o ratsjay_v and_o the_o father_n of_o both_o sort_n to_o be_v brachman_n the_o son_n of_o brama_n in_o particular_a case_n they_o have_v some_o say_v mr._n lord_n who_o converse_v among_o they_o and_o to_o who_o mons._n bernier_n refer_v we_o to_o one_o who_o give_v a_o faithful_a account_n of_o they_o who_o they_o honour_v as_o saint_n and_o make_v their_o address_n to_o 60._o 157._o as_o for_o marriage_n they_o invocate_v hurmount_v for_o health_n vagenaught_n for_o success_n in_o war_n bimohem_n for_o relief_n syer_n etc._n etc._n and_o i_o suppose_v incontinent_a person_n may_v have_v someone_o instead_o of_o s._n mary_n magdalen_n to_o pray_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o daily_a devotion_n as_o the_o brachman_n padmanaba_n say_v be_v first_o to_o meditate_v of_o god_n before_o they_o rise_v 1108._o then_o after_o they_o have_v wash_v themselves_o they_o repeat_v 24_o name_n of_o god_n and_o touch_v 24_o part_n of_o their_o body_n upon_o suâ—_n rise_v they_o say_v prayer_n and_o pour_v down_o water_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o then_o 〈◊〉_d down_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o worship_n he_o and_o after_o perform_v some_o ceremony_n 〈◊〉_d their_o idol_n which_o they_o repeat_v in_o the_o evening_n the_o particular_a devotion_n which_o theâ—_n have_v to_o their_o saint_n and_o image_n aâ—â—_n relic_n be_v full_o describe_v by_o boullaye-le-gouz_a in_o his_o late_a travel_n into_o those_o part_n mandelslo_n say_v 18._o 204._o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o public_a devotion_n they_o have_v long_a lessâ—â—_n about_o the_o life_n and_o miracle_n of_o the_o saint_n which_o the_o brahmin_n make_v use_v 〈◊〉_d to_o persuade_v the_o people_n to_o worship_v they_o intercessor_n with_o god_n for_o they_o amoâ—â—_n their_o saint_n ram_n be_v in_o very_o great_a estimation_n be_v the_o restorer_n of_o their_o religiâ—â—_n and_o a_o great_a patron_n of_o their_o braman_n kircher_n suppose_v he_o to_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d with_o he_o who_o the_o japonese_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o chinese_n ken_n kian_n 〈◊〉_d kircher_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d kia_n say_v marini_n and_o those_o of_o tunquin_n chiaga_n or_o as_o marini_n thic-ca_a 14._o in_o all_o which_o part_n he_o be_v in_o very_o great_a veneration_n he_o they_o look_v on_o as_o the_o great_a propagator_n of_o their_o religion_n in_o the_o eastern_a part_n 4._o and_o they_o say_v he_o have_v 80000_o disciple_n but_o he_o choose_v ten_o out_o of_o they_o all_o to_o disperse_v his_o opinion_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o brahmin_n have_v spread_v itself_o not_o only_o over_o indosthan_n but_o camboia_n tunquin_n 194._o cochinchina_n nay_o china_n itself_o and_o japan_n too_o where_o it_o be_v a_o usual_a thing_n for_o person_n to_o drown_v burn_v or_o famish_v themselves_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o xaca_n this_o sect_n be_v bring_v into_o china_n 65_o year_n after_o christ_n from_o indosthan_n as_o trigautius_n or_o rather_o matthaeus_n riccius_fw-la tell_v we_o for_o bartoli_n assure_v we_o 55._o that_o trigautius_n only_o publish_v riccius_fw-la he_o paper_n in_o his_o own_o name_n which_o he_o suppose_v be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o mistake_n for_o the_o christian_a religion_n and_o sure_o it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a mistake_n but_o for_o all_o that_o trigautius_n have_v find_v a_o strange_a resemblance_n between_o the_o roman_a religion_n and_o they_o for_o say_v he_o they_o worship_v the_o trinity_n after_o a_o certain_a manner_n with_o a_o image_n have_v three_o head_n and_o one_o body_n they_o extol_v coelibate_v 〈◊〉_d a_o high_a degree_n so_o as_o to_o seem_v to_o condemn_v marriage_n they_o forsake_v their_o family_n and_o go_v up_o and_o down_o beg_v i._n e._n the_o order_n of_o friar_n
believe_v the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o the_o affair_n of_o humane_a life_n to_o be_v manage_v by_o certain_a spirit_n under_o he_o 86._o who_o they_o endeavour_v to_o propitiate_v by_o certain_a rite_n of_o worship_n leo_fw-la africanus_n 1._o testify_v concern_v some_o of_o the_o ancient_a african_a idolater_n that_o they_o worship_v guighimo_n i._n e._n the_o lord_n of_o heaven_n which_o part_n of_o religion_n he_o say_v be_v not_o deliver_v to_o they_o by_o any_o prophet_n or_o teacher_n but_o be_v inspire_v into_o they_o by_o god_n himself_o varenius_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o false_a and_o imperfect_a description_n which_o be_v common_o give_v of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o negro_n 304._o and_o say_v he_o understand_v by_o those_o who_o live_v long_o among_o they_o that_o although_o they_o worship_v many_o god_n yet_o they_o acknowledge_v one_o supreme_a who_o they_o call_v fetisso_n and_o believe_v he_o to_o be_v the_o author_n both_o of_o the_o good_a and_o evil_n they_o receive_v and_o therefore_o endeavour_v to_o appease_v he_o by_o many_o sacrifice_n ceremony_n and_o prayer_n mandelslo_n say_v 3._o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o madagascar_n that_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o they_o believe_v there_o be_v one_o god_n who_o make_v heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o will_v one_o day_n punish_v bad_a action_n and_o reward_v the_o good_a joh._n de_fw-fr barros_n say_v 1._o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o monomotapa_n believe_v in_o one_o god_n who_o they_o call_v mozimo_n and_o if_o we_o believe_v he_o they_o worship_v nothing_o else_o beside_o he_o 1149._o the_o same_o other_o say_v of_o the_o mordui_n a_o people_n that_o inhabit_v the_o far_a part_n of_o muscovy_n who_o declare_v 44._o that_o they_o worship_v only_o the_o creator_n of_o the_o universe_n to_o who_o they_o offer_v the_o first_o fruit_n of_o all_o thing_n even_o of_o their_o meat_n and_o drink_n cast_v some_o part_n of_o they_o towards_o heaven_n but_o they_o have_v no_o idol_n nor_o baptism_n and_o say_v they_o live_v according_a to_o nature_n but_o brietius_n say_v 2._o they_o worship_v idol_n or_o be_v mahumetan_n texeira_n and_o pimenta_n say_v that_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o banean_n call_v lon_n kah_n 118._o worship_v only_o the_o supreme_a god_n without_o idol_n but_o mexery_o have_v idol_n and_o do_v worship_v they_o josephus_n indus_n a_o native_a of_o cranganor_n say_v that_o the_o gentile_a idolater_n there_o do_v worship_v the_o god_n of_o heaven_n 3._o under_o the_o form_n of_o a_o statue_n with_o three_o face_n and_o his_o hand_n fold_v who_o they_o call_v tambram_fw-la and_o he_o say_v the_o king_n of_o calcutta_n be_v of_o the_o same_o religion_n with_o they_o of_o cranganor_n and_o ludovicus_n vartomannus_n say_v 21._o that_o in_o calcutta_n they_o call_v the_o great_a god_n tamerani_fw-la who_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o the_o world_n but_o he_o add_v that_o they_o believe_v he_o to_o live_v at_o ease_n and_o that_o he_o have_v commit_v the_o government_n of_o the_o world_n to_o deumo_n who_o image_n they_o worship_v have_v on_o his_o head_n say_v vartomannus_n just_o such_o a_o crown_n as_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n have_v only_o it_o have_v three_o horn_n upon_o it_o and_o the_o same_o be_v confess_v by_o jarricus_fw-la 4._o the_o people_n of_o narsinga_n likewise_o believe_v one_o supreme_a god_n but_o worship_v idol_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o indian_n do_v linschoten_n 33._o give_v this_o general_a testimony_n of_o they_o that_o although_o they_o worship_v the_o sun_n and_o moon_n yet_o they_o acknowledge_v one_o god_n creator_n and_o governor_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o do_v believe_v the_o reward_n and_o punishment_n of_o another_o life_n to_o be_v according_a to_o man_n good_a or_o bad_a action_n in_o this_o life_n but_o withal_o they_o worship_v idol_n call_v pagode_n after_o such_o a_o terrible_a representation_n as_o we_o make_v of_o devil_n who_o they_o assert_v to_o have_v live_v former_o upon_o earth_n and_o to_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o sanctity_n and_o miracle_n and_o to_o who_o they_o address_v themselves_o as_o mediator_n to_o the_o supreme_a god_n for_o they_o the_o kingdom_n of_o siam_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o brahmin_n from_o whence_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o indies_n do_v spread_v itself_o and_o here_o schouten_n 141._o who_o live_v long_o among_o they_o sai_z that_o the_o common_a persuasion_n of_o the_o gentile_n although_o different_a in_o other_o point_n be_v that_o there_o be_v one_o supreme_a god_n who_o create_v all_o thing_n and_o after_o he_o many_o inferior_a god_n in_o heaven_n that_o man_n shall_v receive_v reward_n and_o punishment_n in_o another_o life_n according_a to_o their_o action_n here_o and_o that_o this_o religion_n have_v be_v deliver_v down_o to_o they_o by_o the_o succession_n of_o many_o age_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o saint_n who_o memory_n they_o worship_v in_o their_o image_n which_o they_o have_v set_v up_o like_o so_o many_o lesser_a deity_n who_o have_v merit_v heaven_n by_o their_o good_a work_n the_o ceremony_n of_o their_o worship_n the_o nature_n of_o their_o image_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o oblation_n the_o custom_n of_o their_o talapois_n or_o friar_n be_v such_o that_o some_o few_o thing_n except_v one_o will_v imagine_v no_o great_a difference_n between_o the_o varelle_n of_o siam_n and_o the_o jesuit_n church_n and_o devotion_n there_o m._n de_fw-fr bourges_n 170._o who_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o late_a french_a mission_n into_o those_o part_n confess_v that_o their_o external_a devotion_n to_o their_o image_n be_v extraordinary_a that_o they_o offer_v no_o bloody_a sacrifice_n but_o all_o their_o oblation_n be_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o they_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o charge_n of_o idolatry_n because_o they_o acknowledge_v and_o worship_v one_o god_n who_o be_v lord_n over_o all_o and_o that_o their_o image_n be_v intend_v to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o saint_n that_o by_o the_o sight_n of_o they_o the_o people_n may_v be_v excite_v to_o imitate_v their_o virtue_n and_o it_o be_v very_o true_a say_v he_o that_o the_o priest_n of_o siam_n do_v thus_o answer_v the_o christian_n who_o charge_v they_o with_o idolatry_n and_o think_v themselves_o no_o more_o guilty_a than_o the_o missionary_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o charge_v they_o but_o he_o think_v he_o have_v clear_v the_o difference_n between_o they_o by_o say_v that_o those_o of_o siam_n be_v more_o uncertain_a in_o the_o belief_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o defective_a in_o give_v any_o peculiar_a worship_n to_o he_o and_o that_o they_o terminate_v their_o worship_n absolute_o upon_o their_o idol_n and_o ask_v of_o they_o those_o thing_n which_o god_n alone_o can_v give_v as_o to_o the_o former_a we_o have_v see_v the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o indian_n in_o the_o belief_n of_o a_o supreme_a god_n which_o be_v no_o token_n of_o their_o uncertainty_n and_o that_o many_o of_o they_o do_v think_v internal_a worship_n most_o proper_a to_o he_o and_o for_o the_o latter_a if_o they_o suppose_v those_o deity_n to_o be_v so_o by_o participation_n and_o subordinate_a to_o the_o supreme_a i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o the_o difference_n be_v make_v appear_v between_o the_o address_n they_o make_v to_o their_o saint_n by_o their_o image_n and_o those_o make_v in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n unless_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o the_o pope_n at_o rome_n have_v only_a power_n to_o canonize_v saint_n and_o not_o the_o highpriest_n of_o siam_n and_o therefore_o campanella_n very_o wise_o confess_v upon_o these_o principle_n 155._o the_o heathen_n be_v no_o more_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n than_o themselves_o in_o case_n the_o person_n they_o worship_v have_v real_a virtue_n and_o he_o do_v not_o blame_v the_o wise_a gentile_n but_o the_o common_a people_n who_o forget_v the_o true_a god_n and_o worship_v their_o varelle_n or_o image_n with_o the_o worship_n of_o latria_n which_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n likewise_o give_v to_o the_o cross_n but_o of_o these_o thing_n afterward_o if_o from_o the_o indies_n the_o model_n of_o this_o discourse_n will_v allow_v we_o to_o search_v into_o the_o idolatry_n of_o these_o northern_a part_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o nation_n which_o be_v the_o deep_a sink_v into_o idolatry_n do_v yet_o retain_v a_o sense_n of_o one_o supreme_a deity_n among_o who_o we_o may_v just_o reckon_v our_o saxon_a ancestor_n and_o yet_o from_o the_o gothick_n antiquity_n which_o have_v be_v late_o publish_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o supreme_a god_n acknowledge_v among_o they_o too_o for_o in_o the_o edda_n of_o snorro_n sturleson_n which_o contain_v the_o ancient_a religion_n of_o the_o goth_n 1665._o the_o first_o
the_o brazen_a serpent_n stand_v to_o excite_v the_o devotion_n of_o the_o people_n towards_o god_n in_o remembrance_n of_o what_o he_o do_v to_o the_o people_n of_o old_a by_o the_o mean_n of_o it_o but_o it_o seem_v hezekiah_n have_v not_o look_v over_o aristotle_n threshold_n so_o far_o as_o to_o know_v that_o act_n go_v whither_o they_o be_v intend_v and_o therefore_o he_o take_v the_o give_v of_o that_o part_n of_o worship_n which_o god_n have_v appropriate_v to_o himself_o to_o the_o brazen_a serpent_n to_o be_v sufficient_a ground_n for_o the_o demolish_n of_o it_o without_o particular_a enquiry_n into_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o person_n yet_o i_o must_v say_v for_o t._n g._n that_o he_o do_v not_o seem_v so_o confident_a of_o the_o indifferency_n of_o this_o ceremony_n under_o the_o law_n for_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o appropriate_v at_o least_o in_o the_o new_a law_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v in_o the_o freedom_n of_o the_o church_n to_o determine_v how_o and_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v use_v if_o he_o mean_v by_o the_o new_a law_n the_o rubric_n or_o practice_v of_o their_o church_n he_o say_v true_a for_o incense_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v burn_v to_o image_n and_o crucifix_n 13._o and_o relic_n out_o of_o religious_a honour_n to_o they_o but_o if_o by_o the_o new_a law_n he_o mean_v the_o law_n of_o christ_n that_o do_v not_o that_o i_o can_v find_v make_v any_o thing_n that_o god_n have_v appropriate_v to_o himself_o as_o a_o sign_n of_o his_o own_o worship_n to_o be_v common_a to_o any_o creature_n with_o he_o but_o i_o be_o sure_o before_o that_o burn_v of_o incense_n before_o image_n 11._o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o abomination_n of_o israel_n 5._o solemn_a invocation_n be_v a_o external_a act_n of_o worship_n appropriate_v to_o god_n himself_o 11._o my_o house_n be_v the_o house_n of_o prayer_n say_v our_o saviour_n of_o the_o temple_n 19.48_o by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o solemn_a invocation_n be_v then_o look_v on_o as_o a_o peculiar_a part_n of_o divine_a worship_n but_o i_o need_v not_o prove_v this_o since_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o our_o adversary_n that_o one_o sort_n of_o invocation_n be_v so_o proper_a to_o god_n that_o to_o give_v it_o to_o any_o beside_o he_o be_v idolatry_n which_o be_v as_o t._n g._n express_v it_o 288._o the_o prayer_n we_o make_v to_o god_n as_o the_o author_n and_o giver_n of_o all_o good_a but_o a_o low_a sort_n of_o invocation_n he_o contend_v may_v be_v give_v to_o saint_n and_o angel_n my_o business_n here_o be_v not_o to_o discuss_v the_o point_n of_o invocation_n which_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v at_o large_a in_o its_o proper_a place_n but_o to_o show_v in_o what_o sense_n it_o be_v understand_v among_o those_o to_o who_o god_n give_v the_o law_n of_o his_o worship_n and_o whether_o this_o inferior_a sort_n of_o invocation_n be_v think_v consistent_a with_o the_o true_a worship_n of_o god_n we_o will_v then_o suppose_v that_o in_o the_o temple_n of_o jerusalem_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o prayer_n the_o jew_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o with_o the_o same_o outward_a solemnity_n of_o worship_n shall_v make_v their_o prayer_n first_o to_o god_n to_o have_v mercy_n upon_o they_o and_o then_o immediate_o to_o make_v their_o address_n to_o abraham_n and_o sarah_n isaac_n and_o rebecca_n jacob_n and_o joseph_n and_o moses_n and_o the_o prophet_n to_o pray_v for_o they_o whether_o will_v this_o have_v be_v think_v agreeable_a to_o the_o command_n of_o worship_v god_n alone_o especial_o if_o these_o prayer_n be_v say_v before_o the_o image_n of_o those_o person_n set_v up_o in_o the_o temple_n for_o if_o the_o law_n do_v only_o forbid_v the_o worship_n of_o heathen_a idol_n there_o will_v be_v no_o repugnancy_n to_o the_o law_n in_o all_o this_o what_o course_n can_v we_o now_o take_v to_o resolve_v this_o question_n i_o know_v but_o three_o way_n of_o do_v it_o 1._o by_o compare_v this_o practice_n with_o the_o precept_n of_o worship_n for_o god_n be_v to_o appoint_v the_o law_n and_o rule_n of_o it_o we_o be_v to_o inquire_v in_o the_o first_o place_n what_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n be_v as_o to_o this_o matter_n for_o he_o best_o know_v what_o worship_n be_v please_v to_o he_o if_o he_o have_v therefore_o appropriate_v all_o act_n of_o religious_a worship_n to_o himself_o as_o it_o be_v plain_a he_o have_v do_v by_o that_o law_n thou_o shall_v worship_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o he_o only_o shall_v thou_o serve_v than_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o give_v it_o to_o any_o other_o if_o it_o be_v say_v they_o do_v not_o give_v the_o worship_n proper_a to_o god_n i_o desire_v to_o know_v who_o shall_v judge_v what_o be_v the_o worship_n proper_a to_o god_n he_o by_o his_o law_n or_o we_o by_o distinction_n of_o our_o own_o make_n have_v god_n himself_o make_v any_o such_o distinction_n as_o this_o be_v have_v he_o bid_v man_n to_o pray_v to_o he_o as_o the_o author_n and_o giver_n of_o all_o good_a but_o to_o angel_n or_o saint_n as_o mediator_n and_o intercessor_n to_o he_o nay_o have_v he_o not_o forbid_v it_o when_o he_o command_v that_o all_o religious_a worship_n without_o distinction_n be_v give_v to_o himself_o and_o where_o the_o law_n do_v not_o distinguish_v what_o presumption_n be_v it_o in_o we_o to_o do_v it_o 2._o by_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o jewish_a church_n and_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o our_o adversary_n 10._o that_o there_o be_v no_o invocation_n of_o saint_n then_o use_v because_o say_v they_o the_o saint_n be_v then_o only_o in_o limbo_n and_o not_o in_o their_o perfect_a happiness_n nor_o place_v over_o the_o church_n as_o they_o be_v now_o but_o the_o jew_n know_v of_o no_o such_o reason_n as_o this_o to_o hinder_v they_o for_o they_o believe_v those_o great_a saint_n to_o be_v in_o a_o state_n of_o perfect_a felicity_n therefore_o this_o can_v be_v no_o ground_n to_o hinder_v they_o and_o withal_o they_o have_v so_o mighty_a a_o veneration_n for_o the_o patriarch_n and_o so_o great_a a_o dread_n of_o the_o divine_a majesty_n that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v lawful_a none_o will_v have_v be_v more_o ready_a to_o have_v make_v use_n of_o they_o as_o mediator_n than_o they_o for_o we_o see_v how_o ready_a they_o be_v to_o entreat_v moses_n to_o be_v a_o mediator_n between_o god_n and_o they_o 5.27_o why_o shall_v not_o they_o have_v continue_v this_o after_o his_o death_n if_o they_o have_v believe_v one_o to_o be_v as_o lawful_a as_o the_o other_o but_o although_o they_o do_v not_o invocate_v saint_n they_o may_v do_v angel_n and_o some_o have_v attempt_v to_o prove_v they_o do_v although_o the_o jew_n know_v of_o no_o such_o practice_n among_o they_o albeit_o they_o attribute_v so_o much_o to_o the_o power_n of_o angel_n 17._o that_o nothing_o but_o the_o fear_n of_o idolatry_n can_v restrain_v they_o for_o they_o believe_v one_o to_o be_v a_o spirit_n set_v over_o fire_n and_o another_o over_o water_n another_o over_o cloud_n etc._n etc._n as_o the_o eastern_a idolater_n do_v but_o do_v not_o jacob_n pray_v to_o the_o angel_n gen._n 48.16_o the_o angel_n that_o redeem_v i_o from_o all_o evil_a bless_v the_o lad_n no_o say_v abarbinel_n 2._o it_o be_v only_o a_o prayer_n to_o god_n that_o have_v make_v use_n of_o his_o angel_n for_o he_o say_v god_n before_o who_o my_o father_n do_v walk_v the_o god_n which_o feed_v i_o all_o my_o life_n long_o unto_o this_o day_n the_o angel_n which_o redeem_v i_o etc._n etc._n if_o this_o be_v a_o invocation_n of_o the_o angel_n it_o be_v a_o invocation_n of_o he_o as_o the_o author_n and_o giver_n of_o all_o good_a which_o t._n g._n confess_v to_o be_v idolatry_n but_o abravanel_n parallel_v it_o with_o that_o say_n of_o abraham_n the_o lord_n god_n of_o heaven_n which_o take_v i_o from_o my_o father_n house_n 24.7_o he_o shall_v send_v his_o angel_n before_o thou_o but_o we_o need_v not_o run_v to_o the_o jew_n to_o clear_a this_o place_n for_o s._n athanasius_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v a_o invocation_n 464._o from_o thence_o prove_v that_o it_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o eternal_a son_n of_o god_n for_o say_v he_o jacob_n will_v never_o have_v join_v a_o creature_n together_o with_o god_n in_o his_o prayer_n and_o s._n cyrill_n 2._o more_o general_o who_o will_v ever_o pray_v in_o the_o name_n of_o angel_n and_o s._n hierome_n in_o term_n as_o large_a and_o express_a as_o may_v be_v nullum_fw-la invocare_fw-la i._n e._n in_o nos_fw-la orando_fw-la vocare_fw-la nisi_fw-la deum_fw-la debemus_fw-la we_o ought_v to_o invocate_v none_o by_o pray_v to_o they_o but_o god_n himself_o and_o from_o thence_o he_o prove_v the_o wisdom_n there_o speak_v of_o
law_n give_v by_o moses_n 559._o against_o the_o make_n any_o image_n of_o god_n in_o the_o place_n before_o mention_v and_o which_o he_o there_o assert_n to_o be_v still_o obligatory_a to_o christian_n but_o although_o he_o there_o repeat_v the_o command_n at_o large_a against_o all_o sort_n of_o image_n yet_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o when_o he_o go_v about_o to_o set_v down_o all_o the_o commandment_n this_o by_o some_o artificial_a hand_n be_v convey_v out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o the_o second_o commandment_n be_v 682._o thou_o shall_v not_o take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n which_o make_v i_o not_o a_o little_a wonder_n find_v clemens_n so_o often_o in_o other_o place_n express_v his_o zeal_n against_o image_n but_o it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o guess_v what_o hand_n his_o greek_a copy_n have_v pass_v through_o since_o the_o second_o nicene_n council_n yet_o we_o be_v behold_v to_o they_o for_o leave_v so_o much_o evidence_n of_o their_o foul_a deal_n behind_o they_o for_o within_o few_o page_n 688._o he_o say_v the_o ten_o commandment_n take_v in_o all_o sort_n of_o concupiscence_n and_o therefore_o the_o precept_n against_o image_n must_v be_v a_o distinct_a command_n to_o make_v up_o the_o number_n so_o that_o sylburgius_n just_o complain_v that_o the_o place_n be_v mutilate_v if_o clemens_n do_v not_o think_v this_o precept_n concern_v christian_n he_o will_v never_o have_v object_v it_o as_o a_o absurdity_n against_o a_o sort_n of_o gnostic_n that_o think_v themselves_o bind_v to_o oppose_v the_o law_n why_o then_o say_v he_o when_o god_n say_v 441._o thou_o shall_v not_o make_v any_o graven_n image_n you_o be_v best_o go_v and_o worship_n image_n by_o all_o which_o we_o see_v that_o he_o think_v the_o precept_n to_o be_v still_o in_o force_n and_o that_o it_o be_v intend_v against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o those_o image_n such_o as_o respect_n god_n and_o not_o mere_o the_o heathen_a idol_n origen_n say_v 375._o that_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o that_o law_n thou_o shall_v not_o make_v to_o thyself_o any_o graven_n image_n the_o christian_n will_v rather_o die_v than_o defile_v their_o faith_n with_o such_o impiety_n as_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n and_o therefore_o their_o case_n be_v very_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o scythian_n numidian_n seres_n and_o persian_n with_o who_o celsus_n join_v they_o in_o the_o contempt_n of_o image_n when_o symmachus_n plead_v with_o valentinian_n for_o the_o toleration_n of_o the_o pagan_a religion_n 54._o on_o this_o pretence_n that_o the_o same_o god_n be_v worship_v by_o all_o and_o that_o by_o several_a way_n man_n aim_v at_o the_o same_o end_n s._n ambrose_n answer_v 2._o that_o god_n himself_o be_v fit_a to_o teach_v what_o way_n he_o will_v be_v serve_v in_o you_o worship_v the_o work_n of_o man_n hand_n we_o account_v it_o a_o injury_n to_o god_n to_o call_v anything_o by_o his_o name_n that_o can_v be_v make_v by_o man_n non_fw-la vult_fw-la se_fw-la deus_fw-la in_o lapidibus_fw-la coli_fw-la god_n have_v declare_v he_o will_v not_o be_v worship_v after_o such_o a_o manner_n whereby_o we_o see_v the_o primitive_a christian_n fix_v themselves_o on_o the_o command_n of_o god_n as_o upon_o a_o immovable_a rock_n against_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v to_o have_v show_v in_o this_o place_n that_o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o christian_n and_o heathen_n about_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n be_v not_o whether_o they_o be_v proper_a likeness_n of_o god_n from_o the_o apprehension_n they_o have_v of_o their_o image_n i_o proceed_v now_o to_o show_v it_o 2._o from_o the_o notion_n they_o have_v of_o their_o go_n and_o here_o i_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n 11._o exclude_v those_o who_o in_o truth_n be_v atheist_n and_o not_o idolater_n i_o mean_v the_o epicurean_a philosopher_n who_o although_o they_o seem_v to_o assert_v some_o pleasant_a being_n that_o live_v in_o perfect_a ease_n far_o from_o the_o noise_n and_o smoke_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o they_o utter_o overthrow_v all_o foundation_n of_o worship_n in_o prayer_n or_o sacrifice_n by_o deny_v the_o god_n to_o have_v any_o regard_n to_o the_o action_n of_o man_n for_o fear_v of_o disturb_v their_o sweet_a repose_n these_o indeed_o make_v their_o god_n like_o man_n but_o so_o thin_a and_o airy_a that_o they_o can_v not_o bear_v the_o least_o justle_n of_o atom_n and_o so_o quiet_a and_o still_o that_o the_o least_o thought_n of_o business_n will_v destroy_v their_o happiness_n these_o be_v only_o make_v for_o fine_a idea_n to_o amuse_v the_o people_n with_o but_o any_o one_o may_v see_v that_o they_o be_v never_o intend_v for_o the_o object_n of_o worship_n and_o therefore_o plutarch_n and_o athenaeus_n say_v 27._o that_o epicurus_n take_v away_o all_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o god_n however_o he_o comply_v with_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o the_o people_n and_o when_o he_o lift_v up_o his_o hand_n to_o his_o mouth_n in_o token_n of_o adoration_n he_o can_v not_o but_o laugh_v through_o his_o finger_n at_o the_o god_n they_o worship_v but_o we_o may_v see_v by_o the_o discourse_n of_o the_o academic_a and_o stoic_a with_o the_o epicurean_a in_o cicero_n how_o much_o they_o abhor_v this_o epicurean_a doctrine_n of_o the_o god_n be_v like_a to_o man_n and_o velleius_n the_o epicurean_a do_v in_o effect_n confess_v there_o be_v no_o philosopher_n of_o that_o mind_n beside_o themselves_o for_o he_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o other_o philosopher_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o god_n after_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o to_o discover_v that_o this_o opinion_n be_v peculiar_a to_o their_o own_o sect._n he_o acknowledge_v that_o thales_n assert_v god_n to_o be_v a_o eternal_a mind_n which_o frame_v all_o thing_n out_o of_o water_n 25._o even_o anaximander_n and_o anaximenes_n who_o hold_v only_o material_a god_n or_o first_o principle_n for_o even_o the_o atheist_n be_v willing_a to_o have_v matter_n believe_v to_o be_v a_o god_n by_o they_o to_o avoid_v the_o odium_fw-la of_o atheism_n among_o the_o people_n yet_o these_o reject_v a_o humane_a form_n at_o which_o the_o epicurean_a be_v displease_v as_o though_o they_o may_v have_v flatter_v the_o people_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o fashion_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o deity_n some_o have_v undertake_v to_o clear_a anaximenes_n and_o to_o make_v he_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o thales_n 40._o concern_v a_o incorporeal_a deity_n say_v that_o by_o air_n he_o mean_v only_o a_o divine_a spirit_n and_o therefore_o in_o plutarch_n he_o compare_v it_o to_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n 3._o which_o be_v air_n do_v animate_v the_o body_n and_o diogenes_n apolloniates_n his_o disciple_n hold_v air_n only_o for_o matter_n 2._o and_o reason_n for_o the_o efficient_a cause_n as_o st._n augustin_n tell_v we_o however_o anaxagoras_n another_o disciple_n of_o anaximenes_n be_v confess_v by_o velleius_n to_o hold_v god_n to_o be_v a_o infinite_a and_o active_a mind_n free_a from_o all_o mixture_n of_o matter_n as_o the_o word_n of_o anaxagoras_n in_o simplicius_n do_v express_v his_o meaning_n aldi_n and_o s._n augustin_n under_o take_v his_o vindication_n against_o the_o epicurean_a objection_n which_o suppose_v it_o impossible_a for_o we_o to_o understand_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o mind_n without_o the_o conjunction_n of_o sense_n and_o matter_n pythagoras_n say_v that_o god_n be_v a_o quicken_a spirit_n diffuse_v through_o the_o world_n which_o be_v best_a express_v by_o virgil_n in_o those_o word_n after_o the_o sense_n of_o pythagoras_n spiritus_fw-la intus_fw-la alit_fw-la totosque_fw-la infusa_fw-la per_fw-la artus_fw-la mens_fw-la agitat_fw-la molem_fw-la &_o magno_fw-la se_fw-la corpore_fw-la miscet_fw-la etc._n xenophanes_n fall_v under_o the_o same_o condemnation_n with_o the_o rest_n for_o assert_v god_n to_o be_v a_o mind_n but_o he_o go_v somewhat_o far_o for_o in_o the_o verse_n cite_v out_o of_o he_o by_o the_o father_n 5._o he_o say_v that_o god_n be_v like_a to_o man_n neither_o in_o body_n nor_o in_o mind_n and_o for_o man_n to_o make_v a_o image_n of_o god_n like_v to_o themselves_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o a_o horse_n shall_v paint_v he_o with_o a_o long_a tail_n and_o four_o foot_n if_o he_o have_v understanding_n enough_o to_o make_v a_o representation_n of_o the_o deity_n or_o a_o ox_n or_o a_o lion_n shall_v draw_v he_o by_o their_o own_o figure_n parmenides_n make_v god_n to_o be_v of_o a_o circular_a figure_n in_o the_o fashion_n of_o a_o crown_n or_o orb_n of_o light_n compass_v about_o the_o heaven_n whatever_o the_o opinion_n of_o alcmaeon_n empedocles_n protagoras_n diogenes_n apolloniates_n be_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o epicurean_a despise_v they_o all_o because_o they_o either_o appear_v too_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a in_o
of_o divine_a worship_n and_o see_v upon_o what_o ground_n they_o become_v guilty_a of_o idolatry_n which_o will_v not_o reach_v home_o to_o themselves_o card._n bessarion_n have_v write_v a_o elaborate_a vindication_n of_o plato_n against_o trapezuntius_fw-la 3._o wherein_o he_o show_v that_o plato_n do_v assert_v the_o unity_n power_n and_o goodness_n of_o god_n and_o the_o creation_n of_o all_o thing_n by_o he_o and_o that_o he_o do_v this_o frequent_o and_o constant_o in_o his_o parmenides_n phaedrus_n phaedo_fw-la philebus_fw-la timaeus_n sophista_fw-la law_n politic_n epistle_n every_o where_o 5._o but_o trapezuntius_fw-la charge_n plato_n that_o although_o he_o do_v acknowledge_v god_n he_o do_v not_o worship_v he_o and_o that_o he_o sacrifice_v only_o to_o the_o inferior_a god_n to_o this_o bessarion_n answer_v that_o in_o his_o book_n of_o law_n which_o be_v make_v for_o the_o people_n he_o do_v not_o express_o prescribe_v any_o worship_n to_o god_n under_o the_o name_n of_o one_o or_o first_o or_o ineffable_a which_o be_v the_o title_n he_o have_v give_v he_o in_o his_o dialogue_n and_o be_v not_o know_v to_o the_o people_n but_o in_o his_o eight_o book_n of_o law_n he_o appoint_v twelve_o solemn_a feast_n to_o the_o twelve_o god_n of_o who_o jupiter_n be_v chief_a under_o which_o name_n the_o supreme_a god_n be_v know_v among_o the_o people_n than_o which_o name_n in_o the_o proper_a importance_n of_o it_o none_o can_v have_v be_v more_o significant_a of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o supreme_a god_n and_o that_o he_o retain_v the_o other_o common_a name_n of_o the_o god_n worship_v among_o they_o that_o he_o may_v not_o seem_v to_o innovate_v any_o thing_n in_o religion_n although_o the_o philosopher_n understand_v they_o in_o another_o sense_n than_o the_o common_a people_n do_v by_o jove_n they_o mean_v the_o first_o be_v or_o supreme_a deity_n by_o minerva_n wisdom_n by_o mercury_n reason_n by_o saturn_n eternity_n by_o neptune_n form_n by_o juno_n 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not_o be_v represent_v by_o any_o image_n to_o man_n but_o plato_n adversary_n charge_v he_o with_o give_v the_o worship_n of_o latria_n to_o inferior_a god_n and_o creature_n to_o which_o bessarion_n say_v that_o latria_n among_o the_o heathen_n signify_v only_o a_o strict_a kind_n of_o service_n which_o some_o man_n pay_v to_o other_o that_o be_v above_o they_o 4._o and_o that_o the_o worship_n by_o sacrifice_n by_o a_o long_a custom_n from_o the_o time_n of_o zamolxis_n and_o orpheus_n be_v look_v on_o as_o common_a to_o all_o thing_n worship_v by_o they_o but_o say_v he_o he_o refer_v all_o that_o worship_n which_o other_o give_v to_o many_o and_o different_a god_n to_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a principle_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o again_o mention_n that_o say_n in_o his_o epinomis_n that_o the_o most_o suitable_a worship_n of_o god_n be_v to_o think_v honourable_o of_o he_o which_o i_o suppose_v plato_n will_v have_v say_v be_v the_o same_o thing_n which_o those_o of_o the_o 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learned_a cardinal_n plato_n be_v guilty_a of_o worship_v only_o the_o image_n of_o false_a go_n but_o trapezuntius_fw-la still_o urge_v hard_o upon_o plato_n 6._o that_o if_o he_o allow_v the_o worship_n of_o a_o second_o and_o three_o order_n of_o god_n which_o be_v but_o creature_n he_o may_v on_o the_o same_o ground_n worship_v any_o creature_n because_o all_o creature_n be_v infinite_o distant_a from_o the_o creator_n bessarion_n like_o a_o understand_a man_n tell_v he_o that_o this_o argument_n will_v hold_v as_o well_o against_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n as_o against_o plato_n which_o worship_v angel_n although_o they_o be_v creature_n but_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v the_o argument_n will_v reach_v to_o the_o worship_n of_o all_o creature_n because_o though_o all_o creature_n be_v equal_o distant_a as_o to_o existence_n yet_o some_o come_v near_o than_o other_o as_o to_o perfection_n this_o trapezuntius_fw-la take_v off_o by_o say_v that_o plato_n worship_v daemon_n 7._o which_o bessarion_n grant_v but_o by_o daemon_n he_o say_v plato_n and_o aristotle_n and_o other_o philosopher_n do_v not_o understand_v such_o evil_a spirit_n as_o we_o do_v but_o certain_a aereal_a being_n low_a than_o god_n and_o above_o man_n who_o they_o look_v on_o as_o mediator_n and_o intercessor_n between_o god_n and_o man_n but_o for_o evil_a spirit_n he_o say_v they_o be_v not_o receive_v into_o their_o religion_n and_o that_o lucifer_n be_v look_v on_o as_o accurse_a by_o they_o under_o the_o name_n of_o ate._n 8._o and_o he_o show_v far_a from_o s._n augustin_n that_o all_o the_o poetical_a theology_n be_v reject_v by_o plato_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a dispute_n with_o plato_n about_o worship_n must_v come_v to_o these_o two_o point_n 1._o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o worship_v the_o supreme_a god_n by_o external_a and_o visible_a representation_n suppose_v that_o a_o man_n direct_v his_o intention_n aright_o towards_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n by_o they_o 2._o 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that_o come_v from_o they_o 4._o the_o humane_a shape_n itself_o which_o he_o say_v be_v a_o very_a notable_a argument_n to_o make_v man_n think_v that_o image_n live_v because_o man_n do_v especial_o he_o say_v if_o it_o be_v say_v so_o by_o wise_a man_n but_o whatever_o the_o reason_n be_v he_o say_v he_o will_v prove_v that_o the_o heathen_n believe_v ipsa_fw-la idola_fw-la esse_fw-la deos_fw-la the_o very_a image_n themselves_o to_o be_v go_n now_o what_o can_v be_v more_o contradictory_n to_o this_o assertion_n than_o those_o word_n of_o the_o heathen_n in_o arnobius_n be_v so_o that_o the_o per_fw-la se_fw-la which_o t._n g._n charge_v i_o with_o leave_v out_o add_v rather_o more_o weight_n and_o emphasis_n to_o the_o testimony_n 4._o after_o all_o this_o i_o say_v that_o arnobius_n do_v reject_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n on_o such_o ground_n as_o do_v hold_n against_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n by_o a_o image_n for_o he_o bring_v that_o as_o the_o objection_n 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any_o temple_n because_o the_o heathen_n suppose_v there_o can_v be_v no_o proper_a temple_n without_o image_n therefore_o in_o s._n hierom_n vigilant_a sanctorum_fw-la basilicas_fw-la in_o templa_fw-la convertere_fw-la be_v all_o one_o as_o turn_v church_n into_o idol_n temple_n and_o both_o in_o origen_n and_o minucius_n the_o heathen_n join_v those_o accusation_n together_o that_o the_o christian_n have_v no_o altar_n nor_o image_n nor_o temple_n and_o vitruvius_n in_o the_o build_n of_o a_o temple_n 5._o take_v the_o great_a care_n of_o place_v the_o image_n that_o they_o may_v stand_v so_o that_o the_o image_n may_v look_v on_o those_o who_o come_v up_o to_o the_o altar_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o discourse_n in_o arnobius_n that_o they_o value_v no_o temple_n where_o there_o be_v no_o image_n thence_o come_v the_o suspicion_n that_o hadrian_n intend_v to_o worship_n christ_n because_o he_o command_v temple_n to_o be_v build_v in_o all_o city_n without_o any_o image_n as_o lampridius_n say_v in_o the_o life_n of_o alexander_n severus_n sever._n it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o our_o purpose_n whether_o hadrian_n have_v any_o such_o intention_n or_o no_o for_o its_o be_v believe_v that_o he_o have_v from_o this_o reason_n because_o the_o temple_n be_v without_o image_n be_v a_o most_o undeniable_a evidence_n that_o the_o christian_n than_o do_v not_o worship_n god_n or_o christ_n by_o any_o image_n in_o their_o church_n after_o this_o arnobius_n argue_v against_o the_o use_n of_o image_n for_o this_o reason_n 195._o if_o you_o believe_v your_o god_n to_o be_v in_o heaven_n to_o what_o purpose_n do_v you_o make_v image_n of_o they_o to_o worship_n can_v you_o as_o well_o pray_v to_o the_o god_n themselves_o but_o it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v say_v because_o you_o can_v see_v the_o god_n themselves_o you_o represent_v they_o as_o present_v by_o those_o image_n but_o say_v he_o he_o that_o think_v he_o must_v have_v god_n to_o be_v see_v do_v not_o believe_v any_o at_o all_o however_o say_v they_o we_o worship_v they_o through_o these_o image_n and_o what_o say_v he_o can_v be_v more_o injurious_a or_o reproachful_a than_o to_o know_v god_n to_o be_v one_o thing_n and_o yet_o to_o pray_v to_o another_o to_o expect_v help_n from_o the_o deity_n and_o yet_o to_o fall_v down_o before_o a_o senseless_a image_n which_o be_v like_o a_o man_n that_o shall_v pretend_v to_o take_v advice_n from_o man_n and_o to_o ask_v it_o of_o ass_n and_o swine_n be_v not_o that_o say_v he_o 200._o not_o mere_a mistake_n but_o madness_n supplicare_fw-la tremebundum_fw-la factitatae_fw-la abs_fw-la te_fw-la rei_fw-la to_o fall_v down_o tremble_v before_o a_o thing_n make_v by_o yourselves_o beside_o this_o he_o argue_v from_o the_o matter_n form_n and_o design_n of_o they_o how_o ridiculous_a it_o be_v to_o worship_v image_n and_o after_o expose_v the_o other_o pretence_n of_o the_o heathen_a idolater_n in_o the_o last_o place_n he_o consider_v this_o that_o the_o ancient_n understand_v well_o enough_o 208._o nihil_fw-la habere_fw-la numinis_fw-la signa_fw-la that_o there_o be_v no_o divinity_n in_o image_n t._n g._n see_v i_o be_o for_o the_o singular_a number_n still_o and_o i_o think_v numen_fw-la be_v so_o too_o but_o that_o image_n be_v set_v up_o to_o keep_v the_o rude_a people_n in_o awe_n which_o he_o say_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o that_o they_o only_o make_v their_o god_n contemptible_a and_o thereby_o encourage_v they_o more_o in_o their_o wickedness_n i_o desire_v now_o the_o reader_n to_o reflect_v whether_o these_o argument_n be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o worship_n of_o false_a god_n and_o whether_o they_o do_v not_o with_o as_o much_o force_n hold_v against_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n by_o image_n and_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o suppose_v that_o a_o man_n that_o have_v not_o the_o stupidity_n of_o a_o image_n shall_v object_v those_o thing_n against_o their_o worship_n which_o will_v be_v return_v upon_o his_o own_o and_o never_o provide_v in_o the_o least_o for_o any_o defence_n of_o it_o so_o that_o after_o all_o the_o loud_a clamour_n and_o insolent_a charge_n of_o t._n g._n we_o find_v that_o arnobius_n himself_o do_v full_o prove_v that_o the_o divinity_n can_v be_v worship_v by_o image_n and_o that_o what_o the_o heathen_n plead_v for_o themselves_o in_o he_o do_v show_v that_o they_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o divinity_n in_o image_n but_o what_o only_o come_v from_o their_o consecration_n to_o such_o a_o use._n the_o next_o testimony_n he_o charge_v i_o with_o foul-dealing_a in_o be_v that_o of_o s._n austin_n 17._o wherein_o i_o say_v the_o wise_a heathen_n deny_v 113._o that_o they_o worship_v the_o image_n themselves_o but_o they_o add_v that_o through_o they_o they_o worship_v the_o deity_n after_o this_o t._n g._n set_v down_o those_o word_n of_o s._n austin_n videntur_fw-la sibi_fw-la purgatiores_fw-la esse_fw-la religionis_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o because_o in_o the_o follow_a expression_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o corporeal_a creature_n or_o the_o spirit_n that_o rule_v over_o they_o as_o worship_v by_o their_o image_n therefore_o he_o charge_v i_o with_o great_a disingenuity_n in_o say_v that_o the_o heathen_n in_o s._n austin_n affirm_v that_o through_o their_o image_n they_o do_v worship_v the_o deity_n and_o yet_o as_o it_o fall_v out_o these_o be_v the_o very_a word_n i_o translate_v in_o s._n austin_n non_fw-la hoc_fw-la visibile_fw-la colo_fw-la sed_fw-la numen_fw-la quod_fw-la illic_fw-la invisibiliter_fw-la habitat_fw-la and_o i_o now_o appeal_v to_o man_n of_o any_o common_a ingenuity_n what_o usage_n i_o have_v meet_v with_o from_o this_o adversary_n who_o pass_v by_o the_o very_a word_n i_o translate_v as_o near_o to_o the_o signification_n as_o possible_a and_o produce_v other_o passage_n and_o than_o hector_n and_o triumph_n and_o cry_v out_o of_o my_o disingenuity_n when_o
worship_n contrary_n to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n we_o have_v the_o same_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o evil_a spirit_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o as_o the_o primitive_a christian_n have_v that_o evil_a spirit_n be_v worship_v by_o the_o heathen_n under_o the_o notion_n of_o good_n 5._o the_o arrian_n believe_v christ_n to_o be_v a_o creature_n and_o yet_o be_v charge_v with_o idolatry_n by_o the_o father_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o do_v give_v a_o high_a degree_n of_o worship_n to_o christ_n than_o any_o do_v to_o saint_n i_o answer_v that_o they_o do_v only_o give_v a_o degree_n of_o worship_n proportionable_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o excellency_n suppose_v to_o be_v in_o he_o far_o above_o any_o other_o creature_n whatsoever_o but_o still_o that_o worship_n be_v inferior_a to_o that_o which_o they_o give_v to_o god_n the_o father_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o person_n i_o dispute_v against_o for_o if_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o a_o man_n that_o believe_v the_o incomparable_a distance_n between_o god_n and_o the_o most_o excellent_a of_o his_o creature_n to_o attribute_v the_o honour_n due_a to_o god_n alone_o to_o any_o creature_n then_o say_v i_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o those_o who_o believe_v one_o god_n the_o father_n to_o give_v to_o the_o son_n who_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o creature_n the_o honour_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o god_n it_o must_v be_v therefore_o on_o their_o own_o supposition_n a_o inferior_a and_o subordinate_a honour_n and_o at_o the_o high_a such_o as_o the_o platonist_n give_v to_o their_o celestial_a deity_n and_o although_o the_o arrian_n do_v invocate_v christ_n and_o put_v their_o trust_n in_o he_o yet_o they_o still_o suppose_v he_o to_o be_v a_o creature_n and_o therefore_o believe_v that_o all_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n he_o have_v be_v give_v to_o he_o so_o that_o the_o worship_n they_o give_v to_o christ_n must_v be_v inferior_a to_o that_o honour_n they_o give_v to_o the_o supreme_a god_n who_o they_o believe_v to_o be_v supreme_a absolute_a and_o independent_a but_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o the_o father_n by_o multitude_n of_o testimony_n already_o produce_v do_v condemn_v the_o arrian_n as_o guilty_a of_o idolatry_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o the_o own_n of_o saint_n to_o be_v god_n creature_n do_v alter_v the_o state_n of_o the_o controversy_n and_o make_v such_o christian_n uncapable_a of_o idolatry_n 2._o i_o come_v to_o the_o second_o period_n 4._o wherein_o image_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o christian_a church_n but_o no_o worship_n allow_v to_o be_v give_v to_o they_o and_o i_o be_o so_o far_o from_o think_v that_o the_o forbearance_n of_o the_o use_n of_o image_n be_v from_o the_o fear_n of_o compliance_n with_o the_o pagan_a idolatry_n that_o i_o much_o rather_o believe_v the_o introduce_v of_o image_n be_v out_o of_o compliance_n with_o the_o gentile_a worship_n for_o eusebius_n in_o that_o memorable_a testimony_n concern_v the_o statue_n at_o paneas_n or_o caesarea_n philippi_n which_o he_o say_v 18._o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o syrophoenician_n woman_n do_v attribute_v the_o preserve_v the_o image_n of_o christ_n and_o peter_n and_o paul_n to_o a_o heathen_a custom_n which_o he_o say_v be_v do_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._n e._n say_v valesius_fw-la inconsideratè_fw-la &_o imprudenter_fw-la contra_fw-la veterem_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la incautè_fw-la very_o unadvised_o and_o against_o the_o ancient_a rule_n of_o the_o church_n and_o yet_o to_o my_o great_a amazement_n this_o place_n of_o eusebius_n be_v on_o all_o occasion_n produce_v to_o justify_v the_o antiquity_n and_o worship_n of_o image_n if_o it_o have_v be_v only_o bring_v to_o prove_v that_o heathenish_a custom_n do_v by_o degree_n creep_v into_o the_o christian_a church_n after_o it_o obtain_v ease_n and_o prosperity_n it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o it_o not_o that_o i_o think_v this_o image_n be_v ever_o intend_v for_o christ_n or_o the_o syrophoenician_n woman_n but_o because_o eusebius_n say_v the_o people_n have_v get_v such_o a_o tradition_n among_o they_o and_o be_v then_o willing_a to_o turn_v their_o image_n to_o the_o story_n of_o the_o gospel_n where_o they_o find_v a_o syrophoenician_n woman_n make_v her_o address_n to_o our_o saviour_n and_o a_o tradition_n be_v among_o they_o that_o she_o be_v of_o this_o place_n and_o there_o find_v two_o image_n of_o brass_n the_o one_o in_o a_o form_n of_o a_o supplicant_n upon_o her_o knee_n with_o her_o hand_n stretch_v out_o and_o the_o other_o over_o against_o she_o with_o a_o hand_n extend_v to_o receive_v she_o the_o common_a people_n see_v these_o figure_n to_o agree_v so_o lucky_o with_o the_o story_n of_o the_o gospel_n present_o conclude_v these_o must_v be_v the_o very_a image_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o woman_n and_o that_o the_o woman_n out_o of_o mere_a gratitude_n upon_o she_o return_v home_o be_v at_o this_o great_a expense_n of_o two_o brass_n statue_n although_o the_o gospel_n say_v 5.43_o she_o have_v spend_v all_o that_o she_o have_v on_o physician_n before_o her_o miraculous_a cure_n and_o it_o will_v have_v be_v another_o miracle_n for_o such_o a_o image_n of_o christ_n to_o have_v stand_v untouched_a in_o a_o gentile_a city_n during_o so_o many_o persecution_n of_o christian_n especial_o when_o asterius_n in_o photius_n say_v 271._o this_o very_a statue_n be_v demolish_v by_o maximinus_n i_o confess_v it_o seem_v most_o probable_a to_o i_o to_o have_v be_v the_o image_n of_o the_o city_n paneas_n supplicate_v to_o the_o emperor_n for_o i_o find_v the_o very_a same_o representation_n in_o the_o ancient_a coin_n particular_o those_o of_o achaia_n bythinia_n macedonia_n and_o hispania_n wherein_o the_o province_n be_v represent_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o woman_n supplicate_v and_o the_o emperor_n hadrian_n in_o the_o same_o habit_n and_o posture_n as_o the_o image_n at_o paneas_n be_v describe_v by_o eusebius_n 2144._o and_o that_o which_o add_v more_o probability_n to_o this_o conjecture_n be_v that_o bythinia_n be_v so_o represent_v because_o of_o the_o kindness_n do_v by_o hadrian_n to_o nicomedia_n in_o the_o restore_n of_o it_o after_o its_o fall_n by_o a_o earthquake_n and_o caesarea_n be_v say_v by_o eusebius_n to_o have_v suffer_v by_o a_o earthquake_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o after_o such_o a_o favour_n to_o the_o city_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n to_o have_v two_o such_o brass_n statue_n erect_v for_o the_o emperor_n honour_n but_o suppose_v this_o tradition_n be_v true_a it_o signify_v no_o more_o than_o that_o this_o gentile_a custom_n be_v observe_v by_o a_o syrophoenician_n woman_n in_o a_o gentile_a city_n and_o what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o worship_n of_o image_n in_o christian_a church_n for_o eusebius_n do_v plain_o speak_v of_o gentile_n when_o he_o say_v it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v that_o those_o gentile_n who_o receive_v benefit_n by_o our_o saviour_n shall_v do_v these_o thing_n when_o say_v he_o we_o see_v the_o image_n of_o his_o apostle_n paul_n and_o peter_n and_o christ_n himself_o preserve_v in_o picture_n be_v do_v in_o colour_n it_o be_v their_o custom_n to_o honour_v their_o benefactor_n after_o this_o manner_n i_o appeal_v to_o any_o man_n of_o common_a sense_n whether_o eusebius_n do_v not_o herein_o speak_v of_o a_o mere_a gentile_a custom_n but_o baronius_n in_o spite_n of_o the_o greek_a will_v have_v it_o thus_o quod_fw-la majores_fw-la nostri_fw-la ad_fw-la gentilis_fw-la consuetudinis_fw-la similitudinem_fw-la quam_fw-la proximè_fw-la accedentes_fw-la 112._o at_o which_o place_n is._n casaubon_n set_v this_o marginal_a note_n graeca_n lege_fw-la &_o miraberis_fw-la but_o suppose_v this_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o eusebius_n what_o be_v to_o be_v gain_v by_o it_o save_v only_o that_o the_o bring_n of_o image_n among_o christian_n be_v a_o mere_a imitation_n of_o gentilism_n and_o introduce_v the_o heathen_a custom_n into_o the_o christian_a church_n yet_o baronius_n have_v something_o more_o to_o say_v for_o this_o image_n viz._n that_o be_v place_v in_o the_o diaconicon_fw-la or_o vestry_n of_o the_o church_n of_o paneas_n it_o be_v there_o worship_v by_o christian_n for_o which_o he_o quote_v nicephorus_n 30._o who_o at_o other_o time_n he_o reject_v as_o a_o fabulous_a writer_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o philostorgius_n out_o of_o who_o nicephorus_n take_v the_o other_o circumstance_n of_o his_o relation_n be_v so_o far_o from_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o this_o image_n 3._o that_o he_o say_v express_o the_o contrary_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d give_v no_o manner_n of_o worship_n to_o it_o to_o which_o he_o add_v the_o reason_n for_o it_o because_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o christian_n to_o worship_v either_o brass_n or_o any_o other_o matter_n no_o not_o