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A45142 The middle-way in one paper of the covenants, law and gospel : with indifferency between the legalist & antinomian / by J.H. Humfrey, John, 1621-1719. 1674 (1674) Wing H3693; ESTC R16428 27,351 35

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should be held to be sin or so much as damnable though it should be granted him through Christ's redemption actually to damn no body It may be the want of a plainer consideration what the immediate benefit of Christ's redemption to the world is made that excellent person think this so grievous It is not grievous I hope that God should give a Law to his Creature according to his nature and that therefore having made man righteous he should require of him to continue in that righteousness and walk up according to it It necessarily follows without any thing else that this Law being made in Innocency must condemne all man-kind in whom this righteousness and perfection is no longer to be found so that by nature or according to this Covenant of mans nature we are and must be all the Children of wrath as the Apostle speaks It would now be indeed a grievous thing if God should deal with any in that justice as he might according to this Covenant and therefore it hath pleased him according to a Righteousness of his declared in the Gospel in opposition to the righteousness of this Covenant of works to give us his Son who by the work of his Mediation for man-kind should prepare a remedying Law or universal conditional remission against that condemnation As for Children then if they are Baptized we are to account they do perform this Covenant or new Law by the Faith of their Parents bringing them to Baptisme This is my Covenant you shall keep every man-child shall be Circumcised If they be not Baptised we are yet to look on them as such who have not broken this new Law or never refused and rejected their remedy and so long as by the Redemption of Christ they are delivered over with all the world from the Covenant of works to the new Law to be judged I will not be the man that shall condemn one Infant to Hell or unto torments although if there be any that will make a difference of place or state in the future life for Children proportionable only to the difference there is between performing the condition and not being guilty of any breach at all of it I will not gain-say them nor determine any thing in a matter so lubricous and above what is written To return By the Law and the Gospel it may be thought perhaps by some that we are to understand the state of the Old and New Testament and so must this Authour mentioned be made to conceive that David and the like holy men had not the same spirit or power or not so much to enable them to observe God's precepts as we have now when he uses these expressions That the spirit was given under the Gospel as to his miraculous gists in another measure then under the Law I believe and that such Texts as the spirit was not yet given because Christ was not yet lorified and that they had not yet heard that there was a Holy Ghost with the like may be happily so understood I believe But to think that the Spirit as to sanctification of the heart and inclining it to a ready service of God was not given under the Old Testament as well as under the the New is a conceit I will not fasten on any To say it is given more to us now than to David Samuel Jeremy and such persons in respect to this end will yet require explanation and proof if that be intended wholly by these speeches Before I pass there is one passage of this apt Writer I cannot but note with much approbation It is Grace that accepts of our Repentance and Obedience after we have sinned This passage contains more in it then the most are like to be aware of The Scripture tells us in several Texts that by Grace we are saved freely justified and not by Works By Works we are to understand the works of the Law and that quâ faedas as before and no body is justified or saved by these works they being above the ability of any to perform By Grace I will understand with him this accepting our sincere though imperfect obedience for life through Christ as if it were perfect righteousness Not unto him that worketh that is unto him that hath not performed the works of the Law which if they were perfect he should live by them but unto him that believeth on him that justifies the ungodly that is but is ungodly in reference to these works or is one that his Conscience tells him hath sinned and does sin or is imperfect and falls short of these works yet believes that God is gracious and merciful for all that and will pardon these sins and failings if he repent and walk sincerely though imperfectly his Fath is imputed for Righteousness his Faith that is such a believing this as produces that repentance and sincere walking is imputed to him for Righteousness that is is made to stand him in that stead as a perfect righteousness would do so that through grace or this gracious acceptance he shall live by it There are works if I may still say over what hath been somwhere also said before that would make life to be of debt according to God's Covenant of Nature if any could perform them and so there are none justified or saved by works for all have sinned and fall short under this sence of the glory of God Or there are works that cannot be accepted or imputed unto life but through grace and so is it that by grace only or gratis that the Scripture teaches us we are justified and saved Nay the acceptance of our imperfect sincere obedience for righteousness or that we should live by it is that very grace it self that saves us So well am I pleased with this Note from that Authour If this seem to savour too much of inculcation you must pardon me I do apprehend that the Doctrin of grace and justification whereof I have been and therefore am still the longer hath been the occasion of several apprehensions in good men that instead of being conducive to have proved but hinderances of true sober practical Godliness There are two of these mentioned by the same understanding person ☞ The one is a conceit that a Christian may not avoyd sin and do good for fear of Hell and to obtain Heaven that is for the sake of Reward This the Mentioner hath confuted with plain text that it needs not a second hand Onely that it may not needlesly disquiet any I will advance this contrary truth that whatsoever person out of any principle fear or hope or love does or shall in the prevalent intentions of his Soul and endeavour as to the constant tenour of his life prefer his Eternal Salvation before his Flesh-pleasing in this world is surely in a good Estate the Converted man or the Godly man that shall be saved He that does Righteousness is born of God I will suppose him a Christian and one that acts according
pleased to keep up among them Nevertheless that does not hinder but God Almighty might make use thereof farther for types and representations of other things that is to say Spiritual and so the Law be a Paedagogy under a temporal dispensation leading many to Heaven This is certain that the Covenants of Nature Grace being made with Man-kind are not matters of concernment only to the Jews but to the whole world as well as to them for everlasting life and death and it is not to be conceived therefore that either of them should receive any detriment by the Covenant made with that particular Nation This I say that the Covenant confirmed before of God in Christ the Law which was four hundred and thirty years after cannot disannul that it should make the Promise of no effect The Covenant of God in Christ is the covenant of grace and that we see a-foot in the world before the Law and before Abraham for when it was confirmed to Abraham it must be in being before on necessity and ever was since the Fall or else none after could be saved And if this be not disannul'd then cannot that whatsoever it be which is given by this covenant come to the Jews by the Law For as the Apostle argues If there had been a Law given that could have given life verily Righteousness should have been by the Law If the Law of Nature could be kept by man there would be no need of a covenant of Grace by Christ So do I argue if Righteousness unto justification of life was to come by the Law the Promise or Covenant of Grace as soon as that was given might be spared But for-as-much as eternal life and justification does come only by the covenant of grace it follows that the covenant made with the Jews must needs be a covenant which concern'd their outward state or political welfare as I have said and that neither Salvation nor Condemnation as to the life to come was the primary intention or the direct and proper effect of it If Salvation or Condemnation was the proper issue of the Law then could neither any of those holy men as the Patriarchs nor any of the wicked world who were before the Law as the men of Sodom and Gomorah be condemned at the day of Judgment For where no Law is there is no Transgression and so no Condemnation And indeed if this covenant was conceived any other than some such thing as I make it how could it be that the most substantial part or body of the Jews Nation should be Sadduces in Christ's time The Covenant of Nature is that which lays all the world guilty before God so that He who believes not is Condemned already he is condemned by the Law of his Creation writ in his heart he needs no outward Law to condemne him Whatsoever things the Law saith it saith to them who are under the Law If there were no Curse nor Death but that which the Jews Law doth speak then were there none but the Jew should suffer Condemnation If a man on the contrary side does believe and repent he needs no other Law than that of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus to set him free from this Law of Sin and Death So long as he does not believe he abides under that Wrath and it is not for want of Faith as the cause of his Condemnation to justify God in not giving all men that alike but for want of it N B as that which should be the remedy that he perishes Salvation then and Condemnation which is Eternall does proceed from the covenants of grace and works and it is not to be imagined that God should deal otherwise with the Jews than with the rest of the world as to the terms of a future life I have set before you Life and Death says Moses And Cursed be he that continueth not in all the Law to do it But what this Life and Death these Blessings and Curses are we see express in Deuteronomy and in the fifth Commandement The Laws which God did give the Jews were about Religion and about Civil matters Religion concern'd their Eternal civil things their Temporal good Yet whether they are commanded the observation of the one or the other the sanction of both does lye in the threats and promises of Temporal blessings and judgments Even as in the Laws of our Realm Rellgion and the Service of God is required under a civil forfeiture when it is the Gospel it self must threaten farther Vengeance to the Transgressor In short herein will lye the mistery and sum of all The Law as it was in the hand of Moses and given to the peculiar Nation of the Jews must be no other than a temporal covenant yet did this temporal covenant contain in it patterns of things as the Apostle speaks in the Heavens And as the ten Commandements particularly written in stone are a transcript of the Moral Law written by Nature in our hearts I do take the Law to represent the covenant of works and by vertue of that representation alone or of that it represents does it operate to future judgment and is the ministration of condemnation The Law indeed taken at large for all that is contained in the whole books of the Old Testament may be supposed to hold forth whatsoever is in the covenant of works and grace but the Law taken separately from both as a third covenant cannot hold forth any other than the external government of God with propriety over the Jews and that consisting in these two things to wit a hard task of burdensome dutyes under the danger of temporal judgments and a redress from them by Sacrifices the one typifying our estate according to the Law of works and the other the grace which comes to us by Christ Jesus What use may be made of this I leave to minds which are searching I am never out of my way I count so long as I meet with any such Only there is one in a late Book who seems to fall a little too hard on a grave Preacher for making the dispensation of the Old Testament in some Sermons of his to be more terrible than ours under the New For doing which he hath thus much the more reason indeed if as I say that life and death which is Eternal comes not from the Law but from the Covenants of Works and Grace which were before it and cannot be made voyd by it There is therefore the Believing Penitent Sinner and the Vnbelieving and Impenitent For the man that sins and repents not it is true that he hath no less reason to fear under the Gospel than under the Law but rather the more in regard that the threatnings of the Law were directly I take it only of temporal punishments but the Gospel does manifestly threaten Eternal Of how much sorer punnishment says the Scripture worthy he is But for the Penitent and Believing the case is otherwise and the