is under it and having plucked up the rotten prop the building thereon must needs fall to ground and come to nought Cum tollitur causa tollitur effectus and instead of this broken reed let the faithful soul comfort and support it self in patience with the hopes of Christ's true and real Kingdom wherewith John was affected and supported Rev. 1.9 which shall come in glory and great power and none shall say as now Lo here is Christ or there is Christ but he shall be most evident and perspicuously glorious Lo He cometh in the clouds and every eye shall see him and they that pierced him and every one shall mourn because of him v. 7. This Kingdom of Christ is not advanced by any capricious whimsies of ours but is brought to light in power and great Majesty where Christ comes with his Armies and myriads of Angels and raised Saints Rev. 19.14 20.4 to take the Kingdom unto himself when Antichrist and all his adherents are destroyed by the appearance of the Lord Christ then shall they fly unto the Rocks and the Mountains and call to them to fall upon them to hide them from the presence of the Lamb that sitteth on the Throne and then all the Kingdoms of the world shall become the Kingdoms of our God and his Christs and he shall reign for ever and ever Hallelujah Amen And for a conclusion of all let the faithful ones of Christ hearken to the often repeated admonition of the Spirit in the last verse Vers 22. He that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the Churches He that is an understanding christian among you let him consider what graces the Spirit hath set forth to their imitation and approved of by various encouragements and promises of rewards and what sins and faults he hath reproved and menaced with dreadful judgements in each and every one of those seven Asian churches that he may avoid the one and embrace the other that so his portion may fall in the land of the living What was written to them was written for our example and if we be found in their conditions we shall receive our rewards accordingly for every one shall receive according to his works O Lord Christ that has moved the heart of thy servant to make these things known unto the children of men let him be a learner himself at the foot-stool of thy grace and blessed be thy holy Name that hath gone thus far with thy poor servant O let his own words be imprinted in his own heart Keep him humble Lord that he be not lifted up in his own eyes lest whiles he comes a Teacher unto others he himself becomes a cast-away O Lord Christ Give thy servant power from thy self to overcome his temptations that he may sit with thee in thy Throne even as thou hast overcome and art set down in thy Fathers Throne Pardon O Christ not only the faults of this undertaking but the many sins and errours of all his life O cover him and them with thy white rayment and then he shall walk in white before thee and at thy appearance his nakedness shall not appear Remember O Lord thy Church and People among us for good O let them hear what the Spirit saith unto the Churches That thy Name may be gloriously exalted within our days That thy Truth may run to and fro and be increased and that all be kept and preserved within the compass of their duty both towards God and Man That so we may have sweet smelling Gardens holy Assemblies within our Land where the Lord may take delight to dwell in Hear O Lord thy poor servant for thy wonted mercies sake in and thorow the Son of thy own love to whom with thy Self and holy Spirit one Eternal Ever-living Lord God be all glory dominion praise and power for ever and for ever Amen Δοξὰ μονῷ τῷ Θεῷ FINIS
Prophesies then they that went before us and no discredit to them be they ever so Godly and Learned I have observed that some and no mean Ones that are gone before on this Theme are not without their Maculae and Defects and more especially in that they have appeared of too private and narrow a Spirit in their Interpreting and applying the Prophesies of this Book unto their own times Interests and Designs as if the Actions and Revolutions of every petty City and Commonweal yea the ends Designs and Periods of every Person that Divine Providence exalts in Power and Authority somwhat beyond the common boundaries of the ordinary Lords and Rulers of the Nations were Comprised Predicted Fore-told and Prophesied of in this Book of Revelations and so by this means makes strange and wilde Applications of the Visions and Mysteries of this Book And where this conceit works strongly it will work madly too when once it is elevated to that height and gets a power then there must be no opposing of those Ends and Designs that such Opinionists pretends as just Collections from the Prophesies of this Book which they interpret according to their own Fancies and have only a Being as wilde Chymeras in their own deceived Imaginations This is that Rock whereon some have formerly made Shipwrack and perished thereon and others now adays are Sayling with a full gale towards the same Charybdis and if God in Mercy prevent not will thereon split and perish also But to return Here I shall give an answer Cui bono or to what ends I undertook this Exercitation on this Book of the Revelation This last the Discovery of this dangerous Rock was not the least End that I set before me in this undertaking Which Ends for better satisfaction I shall here more particularly set down in Order 1. My first was next Gods Glory and the advancement of his Truth for the keeping the Saints feet streight in not stumbling by a false Interpreting and Applying of this Book of Prophesies and in vainly endeavouring the setting up of the Kingdom of Christ before the time and in the pulling down all Authority that oppose such Pretenders to their own utter ruine and undoing without Repentance 2. That Christs true Saints may be comforted and supported under all their Afflictions and Persecutions in this World by the consideration of Christs own True and Real Kingdom which is to come Not this of Weakness which is partly Spiritual partly Carnal but that of Power and great Glory when all his â—nemies shall be made his Foot-stool and broken and ruled by his Rod of Iron which will be at the great Day of his Appearance and coming in the Clouds and not before 3. In Profiting my self and others My self in Writing others in Reading As it was once said by Augustine Prodest scribendo scribendo prodest We having all as Aquinas testifies longing desires conjungi cum suo principio to be conjoyned with our principle 4. To redeem the time having spent many precious hours and days in folly and been examples unto others in evil doing So there is all reason we should redeem the time and God calls in this day of light both from my self and all others that we should be patterns unto others in well doing if that possibly we may redeem the lost time of our youth and folly Lastly That God may have his ends and glory in the work of our Creation we being born not alone for our selves but for the work of our generation to serve God therein faithfully in all the relations that he calls us to God hath not sent us into this world to spend away all our precious days in sports pastimes and follies or about the more profitable affairs of this present world as the custom of too too many is but to sacrifice some competent part thereof unto the service of our God and Christ that our friends neighbours relations and posterity may take encouragements and examples by us to live more unto the praise of God and their Creator Having thus laid down my ends in this undertaking I have this more to acquaint thee with This Exercitation being sent forth as my First-born in this kinde in publique unto the world the second being intended also on this whole Book of Divine Prophesies if God doth continue but his wonted mercies and encouragements thereunto This first is more Practical and Doctrinal and therefore I have herein followed a method with Observations and Notes which the second will not so commodiously admit the great work of that being to demonstrate the truth of each Prophesie and how the Mysteries Figures and Characters thereof are to be interpreted understood and applyed to their proper times periods States Interests and revolutions represented by them But this first being more practical and treating of divers Questions that are under dispute now in these days I thought it fit to let this see the light in the first place to try how it will taste upon the pallates of the godly ingenious for if it savours well with them it will suffice and be a farther encouragement unto the second I know I shall not please all in this Writing neither was there ever a Writer with whom all have been satisfyed for according to the Poet Ad captum Lectoris habent sua fata Libelli Books do either hit or miss As the Readers Judgement is Neither indeed was it in my thoughts to endeavour the satisfacton of all well knowing that there are some so prepossessed with prejudice or at least so wedded to their own conceits that it were the greatest unreasonableness and servility in the World to captivate ones reason to the satisfaction of their overweening folly It was also far beneath my Designe to accommodate my Writings to the popular applause and as the Tragedian says Populo ut placerent who commonly weigh not the matter by the truth and Scriptural reason but by their own irregular fancies and affections and therefore am far from their humour who Nil rectum reputant nisi quod placuit sibi ducunt Next I shall acquaint the ingenious Reader That if any of my conclusions recede from the truth of Scriptures I could willingly wish all such an abortion in the very birth But if any thereof seem only to discede from the common received Opinions let the Ingenious consider So long as they are Warranted by the Authority of Scripture and Reason I hope I shall not want a Protector or a sufficient Defence and Apologie I have no more to add in this way of Apologizing unto the Reader but if he be a friend unto the Truths herein discussed I wish him a farther increase of Divine light If he be malevolent thereunto all the harm I wish him is a better Spirit and a more enlightned Judgement If he be supine and negligent I wish him to add diligence and prayers to God for a right enquiry If he be ignorant I wish him a greater measure of true
people to be forewarned of this time fore see it though long before it come to bear up their Spirits in there greatest afflictions and distresses Abraham saw Christs day and blessed God though seeing it afar of by faith This God hath more especially done in this Book of the Revelation it being a discovery unto the Apostle John in Prophetical representations and Hierogliphique figures of all the Empires States and Kingdoms both Ethnick and Antichristian with their severall usurpations and oppressions over the Church of God which should happen from Iohn's time unto the end of the World together with the issue thereof the finall destruction of the one and the exaltation of the other before the ultimate end of all But here by the way it will be objected and said that this Book is full of hidden mysteries and sealed and very difficult to be understood and therefore most of those that have espoused their studies to the opening of this Book have come of with losse in their over bold undertaking 1. I Answer this Book of the Revelation of S. Iohn is indeed full of mysteries which will so remain untill the accomplishment thereof do discover them unto us and make them manifest But when we by the observation of the events do see before our eyes the effect of each Prophesie and what by this and that thing hath been meant it is now no longer a mystery unto us It is now obvious to every eye what is meant by mystery Babylon the great the Mother of Harlots Rev. 17.6 This the Spirit of God doth clear up in the same Chapter to be the City with seven heads raigning over the Kings of the earth And few or none do hesitate but do acknowledge yea even the learnest of the Jesuites themselves as Bellar. Lib. 2. de Pontif. Rom. Chap. 2. Blasius Viegas in Chap. 17.18 Apoc. 5. Sect. 3. Ribera in Apoc. Châ—p 14. Page 144. c. That by this great City here is meant Rome likewise all interpreters of the Reformation do harmoniously accord that by the Beast of seven heads and ten horns Rev. 13 1. must be meant the Romish Empire divided into ten Kingdoms And the Beast with two horns like a Lamb Rev. 13.11 yet speaking like a Dragon to be the Popish Antichristian Hierarchy and if events hath plainly evidenced these without contradiction so to be understood and interpreted as in the progresse of this discourse will more fully appear why then should if seem strange that the residue of the mysteries of this Book should be unlocked and made obvious as well as the former Since the Spirit of God it self in the 17. Chapter hath laid the first ground work from whence as from a sure foundation we may have a view of the whole Revelation by collating Hystories times and passages one with another and lay them to their several characters and periods which the Spirit hath affixed to every remarkable revolution passage and Prophesie in this Book as a sure token and touch-stone to finde them out and make them manifest So that now the Revelation is no longer a mystery but a Book of History of memorable Acts and passages Wherein is fore told the several changes that shall befall to the secular State or Roman Empire and to the Church of Christ under the Dominion of that Empire untill it shall as that stone prophesied of in Dan. 2. Smite the Image on his feet and become it self a great Mountaine and set up upon the top of all Mountains And if we compare the Historyes and changes that hath hapned in the Romane Empire with the Revelation we shall discover clearly how far the accomplishments reacheth and what we may expect ere long So that the things represented in this Book are no more mysteries and hidden things but as clear and accomplished Acts unto us 2. The very Title and first entrance into the first Chapter first verse of this Book denies it to be a hidden mistery no farther then before the events do discover themselves for it is called the Apocalypse or the Revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave unto him to shew unto his Servants which shortly must be done which hee sent and shewed by his Angel unto his Servant Iohn Besides it is contrary to the clear letter of the Text that it should be a Book shut and sealed for in the 6. Chapter vers 8. The Lambs is found worthy to open the sealed Book and so discoveries are made unto Iohn and by him to all the Church of God 3. That little Book mentioned in Chap. 10. which more especially containes the fate or destiny of the Church to the end of the World was an open book and the Son of God in the end of the Revelation Chap. 22.10 plainly prohibiteth to seale the sayings of the Prophesie of this book for the time is at hand Therefore this hence clearly follows to set a check upon our supine and overly looking on this book We would rather have it sealed and hidden though the Son of God testifies the contrary then to bestow our industry with the help of the Spirit of God to seeks out the minde of the Spirit in it Truths are like treasures got by the forest labours are most sweet and precious but with all such slowbellies that think there is a Lyon in the way I leave with them these considerations Is it the Book or Word of God or not If it is as I hereafter shall clearly evince then study it Some good will come to the soule by it No Word of God is of private interpretation or written in vain it will stand in great stead Yea in the Alpha of this book and the Omega thereof in the first and last Chapters there is a blessing stored up for them that read and they that learn the words of this Prophesie and keep those things which are written therein for the time is at hand Chap. 1. ver 3. and Chap. 22. ver 7. And shall there a blessing be promised to all these that read hear and keep the words of this Prophesie and he that hath promised being most faithful to perform Yea these things saith the Son of God who hath his eyes like unto a flaming fire Revel 2.18 These things saith hee that is holy and true Chap 3.7 These things saith the Amen the faithfull and true wittnesse Chap. 3.14 And so closes in the last Chapter ver 6. that these sayings are faithfull and true Heaven and earth shall first pass away before one jota or tittle of the Word of God shall fall to the ground unaccomplished I say shall there a blessing be promised upon so faithful grounds and wilt thou not look after it I should judge blessedness worth the looking after seeing that hee that hath promised is most ready willing and able to perform But if it demanded what is the advantage what is this blessing that may accrue in reading hearing and keeping the words of this Prophesy I answer
add the testimony of our late Assembly of Divines in their confession of Faith set forth in the year of Christ 1651. who do number this of the Revelation in the catalogue of the sacred books of God Secondly There are other testimonies very radiant and pregnant within the said Book to prove it of divine inspiration First In that it proceeded from so highly illuminated a person as John the Apostle the beloved Disciple of Christ was which hereafter I shall evince and being directed to the seven famous Asian Churches and being by them left unto all churches unto the end of the world as the last publique Legacy of the spirit of God in this kind must needs be from the special impulse of the spirit of God seeing God would never suffer such a palpable deceit to be put upon the churches and to continue so long without controul and under his own name so often reiterated in those Prophesies if it were not from God himself and by his Spirits direction approbation and providential preservation 2. It is clear and evident that this book is from the spirit of God in that it doth fully harmonize and agree with the other indubitable received books of God that treat about the divinity of Christ and the work of our redemption Thirdly and lastly Seeing those things are evidently come to pass that this book of Prophesies hath predicted and foretold as the destruction of the seven Churches of Asia the dethroning of the Dragon the rise continuance and the fall of the Kingdom of the Beast and of the Whore riding upon the Beast c. with divers other events and contemporaries with the former some whereof are long since evidently accomplished and the rest to be expected in their determined times and periods and to be sure that this is an infallible mark of a Prophesie coming from God when we see it come to pass consult Deut. 18.21 22 verses 2. I proceed to the second Question about the Title of this book having cleared and confirmed the divine authority thereof to wit who is the Author thereof Whether this John the Divine be John the Apostle and Evangelist or some other person First They that oppose the first do offer as their reasons the unlikelyness of the style and speech that there is between this book and the Gospel of John and his Epistles which two latter agree in style and many points of doctrine but this of the Revelation is very dissonant from them both To which I answer It is no marvel in the first two of the Gospel and his Epistles though he writ by the instinct of the spirit of God as unto the substantial Truths contained therein yet he was not so strict tyed up in the history of the Gospel or in the doctrines thereof and the Epistles but was left at large by the Spirit to follow his own expressions which he wrote according to his own genius and temper being high and sublimate but here in this book he must write those things which he had heard and seen and were delivered unto him besides the Spirit in this Prophesie keeps somwhat the like and the same manner of expressions characters and method as it did of old in the Prophets Ezekiel Daniel Isaiah and others that it might appear that the same spirit of Prophesie did joyntly run through them all and were endited by one and the same Spirit so that this objection does not at all hinder but that it may be Johns the Evangelist and Apostle notwithstanding the difference of the style in this of the Apocalyps and others of John's writings Secondly They that oppose give as another reason but unadvisedly that in all the Greek copies the Revelation was entituled not unto John Evangelist or John the Apostle but unto Iohn the Divine This rather proves the contrary for indeed I should desire no better argument to prove it to be Iohn the Evangelist's for all the Learned know that Iohn was by excellency and as it were by a peculiar prerogative called by this name of the Divine because it was as it were his peculiar office and work in his Gospel to write and maintain the Divinity of Christ against those Heretiques that opposed it in his time as the Ebonites Simon Magus Carpocrates Cerinthus and their followers Yet withal I must needs say that this word The Divine in our language is too narrow a word or expression for this Title 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which in the Greek is of more copious and extensive signification which makes much that it was the Evangelist that wrote this book for the foresaid reason because he was the great asserter and maintainer of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Word to be God and therefore had this denomination either from his work and so was entituled 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Divine Or lastly He acquired that peculiar Title to himself from the high Divine Inspirations and most eminent Discoveries he had from God beyond any others of Christs Disciples in those his Visions and so being very frequently and eminently conversant with God he might justly acquire unto himself the Title of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of John the Divine but I rather think the former was the more genuine reason and ground of that Title In the next place in the affirmative I shall endeavour to confirm that this John who is the subordinate Author of the Apocalyps is Iohn the Evangelist and Apostle To this purpose consider what is written cap. 1. 9. when Iohn was in the Isle of Patmos under banishment and affliction for the testimony of Jesus and the Word of God that then he received his Revelations which doth agree with all antiquity and ancient Fathers who all testifie with one consent that Iohn the Evangelist and Apostle was there banished And secondly as a testimony from the best Antiquity as Aretas witnesseth Basil Gregory Cyril Epiphanius Ireneus Hippolite and most of the ancient orthodox Councels plainly avouched this of the Revelation to be Iohn the Apostle's This Iohn then the Author of this book was the son of Zebedee the brother of Iames Major or the great and the Kinsman of our Lord's and his beloved Disciple who was alwaies one of the three great witnesses with Christ in his most retired and eminentest actions and miracles of his whole life who after Christ had accomplished the work of our Redemption on the cross and was ascended he followed the work of his Apostleship and as Antiquity and Church history testifieth having with the rest of the Disciples after Christ's ascension received power from on high and the gift of the holy Ghost his Province fell in the lesser Asia for the work of his Ministery where it is very probable that he not only preached converted and founded those several Churches mentioned in the beginning of the Revelation in the Cities of Ephesus Smyrna Pergamus Thyatira Philadelphia Sardis and Laodicea but also it seemeth
first vision Iohn saw seven golden Candlesticks and in the mids of them one like the Son of man c. Some may conceive that this person here represented in the likeness of the Son of man to be some Angel and not Christ because he is said to be like the Son of man and not the Son of man but an Angel which Christ deputized as v. 1. to give these visions unto Iohn But to refel this opinion I offer these reasons First He is called the Α and Ω in verse 8. and in chap. 2. vers 18. where the same person is described he is called the Son of God Now sure God would never give these Titles and his peculiar Attributes unto creature-Angels but unto his Son who is not only 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not only consimiliar but consubstantial with the Father and who counts it no robbery to be equal with God For unto which of the Angels hath he said ye are the Α and Ω the first and the last Or ye are the Sons of God Or unto which of the Angels hath he said as in verse 18. ye are alive but ye were dead or ye have the keys of hell and of death Surely no creature in heaven or in earth will take these high Titles and Prerogatives unto themselves but Christ himself and therefore this likeness of the Son of man in this vision must needs be Christ And by the way I would have the observant reason take notice that it is not very difficult to discern what visions in this book are given forth by Christ and what by Angels by observing the descriptions of the parties that gives them for the principal and most remarkable visions Christ gives out himself but the less principal he discovers by his ministers the Angels But to leave nothing in the dark Some may say Why may not this be the Father who appeared unto Daniel chap. 7. 9. who is there called the Ancient of days whose garment was white as snow and the hair of his head as pure wool his throne was like the fiery flame and his wheels were as burning fire The description of this person here in Daniel is almost the same with this in the Revelation comparing the 11. 14 and 15 verses together I answer first The Learned do observe That neither the Father nor the holy Spirit have ever appeared in the likeness or the shape of man Secondly The Anthropomorphites have abused this place to maintain their gross opinion of the corporiety and circumscription of the infinite Deity and therefore the all-wise Spirit of God to prevent the mistakes of man about the invisible and incomprehensible nature of God describes this vision of Daniel in the likeness and appearance of things not that they were materially so It is the likeness of a Throne and like a fiery flame c. And in the 13 verse like the Son of man no true substantial body nor material visions Thirdly I answer This must be the person of the Son in the likeness of man for the reasons immediately foregoing who was dead but is alive and he that should attribute this to the Father or the Spirit should want some Hellebore Lastly This must be Christ because we find in Scripture that Christ hath often appeared in visions like unto man Dan. 7.13 I saw in the night Visions and behold one like the Son of man Ezek. 1.26 and Rev. 14.14 I looked and behold a white cloud and upon the cloud one sate like unto the Son of man and that this was the person of the Son and not the Father or the holy Spirit is most evident from verse 18. of chap. 2. where one and the same person that is in the 13 14 and 15 verses here described in the mids of the seven Churches or the seven golden Candlesticks who had his eyes like a flame of fire and his feet like unto fine brass in the 18. verse of chap. 2. he commands John to write to Thyatira one of the seven Churches These things saith the Son of God which hath his eyes like unto a flame of fire and his feet like unto fine brass Therefore to be brief that person that is here called the Son of God is neither the Father nor the Spirit but Christ the eternal Son of God Quere But was not this appearance then in the likeness of the Son of man truly man or Christ the Son of man Seeing you hold it was the person of Christ was it Christ according to his manhood I answer It was Christ but not Christ as the Son of man for it is a maxime that nullum simile est idem and here he is called like the Son of man therefore not the true and proper Son of man The heavens was to contain his manhood until the restauration of all things though his Divinity is ubiquitary omnipresent and omnipotent yet his manhood is circumscribed and terminated unto one place at once if it be in heaven it cannot be on earth it ascended there Acts 1.10 11. and Stephen saw him there even the Son of man at the right hand of his Father in glory Act 7.56 not by a visional representation but truly and really As God gave Stephen this glorified sight of the Son of man in heaven so God doubtless fitted and qualified his organical instruments of sight above their common pitch to reach an object at so high a distance when God will work wonderfully he can turn Nature out of its proper frame either in elevating it beyond its own power of production or to hinder it in its own peculiar operations He can make the Sun to stand still as in the days of Joshua He can make the eye to see a thousand miles distance as unto Stephen he can bind up the fiery flames that they shall not hurt or burn as unto the three children in the fiery Furnace walking therein without scortching a hair But to return If Christ as the Son of man be in heaven then he is not on the earth he is not transubstantiated or consubstantiated into or with the Bread in the Sacrament as the Papists and some Lutherans dream of But secondly I answer Christ here appears to John as he did to the Prophets of old before his Incarnation that is to say by his Deity and Godhead being transfigured into the likeness of man and taking up the form of man as being most sutable to the capacity and nature of man and so manifests himself in the shape or form of man otherwise the Divine Nature in it self is invisible as in Dan. 7.13 and 10.5 Ezek. 1.26 Rev. 14.14 Before Christ's Incarnation he appears in the likeness of man to show that in time he would become the true and real Son of man by assuming flesh into union with his Godhead and since his Ascension he appears in the likeness of man to teach us that one day he will in the true humane nature come again to judge
both small and great Rev. 19.18 and this is to be executed by the sword that proceeded out of his mouth v. 21. and how this can be effected by the word of his mouth I know not otherwise then by moving and working powerfully on the hearts of such instruments as God shall command and employ to take the material sword in hand for the ruine of antichrist and to effect this work of wrath and judgement Collate to this the Notes on the two precedent verses 14 15. And his face shone as the Sun shineth in his strength This shows farther the resplendency of this vision His face is likened to the Sun in his glory There was much and great glory in this vision and yet all this is but like the Sun in his glory If it were the glory of ten thousand Suns united in one yet would be short of the essential glory of the Son of God it is neither expressible nor comprehensible by any of all the creatures but here is presented by things beneath its excellency that according to man's weakness we may perceive a little of his glory for no man yet ever could see the glory of God and live Hence Note That the execution of Justice and Judgement is a glorious administration Christ's face shone as the Sun in his strength when he was about to call his delinquent and offending churches to an account for their backslidings in chap. 10. v. 1. 3. his face was as it were the Sun in that appearance also but then presently followed thunders and voices as when a Lion roareth to denote unto us when Christ was going forth with terrible judgements upon the world his carriage and appearance therein was most glorious and it is said in Exod. 15.6 upon the destruction of Pharaoh and his host in the red Sea Thy right hand O God is become glorious in power thy right hand hath dashed in pieces the enemy and in the greatness of thine excellency thou hast overthrown them that rose up against thee The acts of God's power and justice do shine so clearly in the world that they dazle mens eyes and hearts and makes them tremble before God So likewise it is amongst the children of men not any Magistrates Commonweals or Nations are more honourable shining and dreadful to their enemies then such as keep close to the rules of Justice and judgement against offenders Never was Solomon more glorious in all his reigne then when he executed justice between the two Harlots and called for the Sword to decide the controversie How honourable was Phineas and what a high reward he got for executing justice and judgement It was an old saying Fiat Justitia ruat Coelum If our chief Magistrates keep close to Justice in our Land and Common-weal our Nation will shine as the Sun in its strength none of the Nations round about will be able to look us in the face for the power and glory of the Lord will be upon us Verse 17. And when I saw him I fell at his feet as dead then he laid his right hand upon me saying unto me fear not I am the first and the last Verse 18. And I am alive but I was dead and behold I am alive for evermore Amen And I have the Keys of hell and death When John had taken a view of this appearance of the Son of man and of that great and dreadful Majesty and Glory that he appeared in it struck him as dead at his feet Hence Note That the sight of Divine glory is the most effectually and humbling sight When the Prophet Isaiah had a sight of this glory he could cry out I am a man undone and of unclean lips for mine eyes have seen the King the Lord of hosts Isa 6.5 When a soul comes to see this glory it brings him to a true sight of his own worthlesness and to an abhorrency in his own eyes There is no greater or more efficacious way to take off our hearts from the creature then to behold the vast disproportion between the glory of God and our poor selves All flesh is as grass and all the goodliness thereof is as the flower of the field Isa 40.5 6. and why Because the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together And when Job had a sight of this glory he cryed out Job 42.5 Now mine eyes see thee I abhor my self and repent in dust and ashes Observ 2 That Revelations of Divine glory are dreadfully glorious They struck John as dead There did but Angels appear in an inferiour glory unto Gideon and Manoah and made those Worthies quake Judg. 16. 13. Apparitions of glory works strongly upon the spirits and quickly overwhelms them And if the glory of the creatures is so resplendent how is the glory of God to be born who dwells in the light which no man can approach unto 1 Tim. 6.16 Paul could not behold that glorious light that shined about him Acts 9. but was strucken to the ground and blinded with it In the Earth Heavens and World we may behold the glory of God in part and as in a glass but his essential glory as it is himself wherein he makes his habitation is that light which no man can approach to or comprehend and live and therefore when it is but left out to appear but in some likeness or similitude of man Fire or the like it works such terrible effects upon the beholders of it Abraham fell to the ground when he had this glory appeared to him Gen. 17.3 The three Disciples when they had but a taste of this glory at the Transfiguration in the Mount they fell upon their faces to the earth Now the reasons that the appearance of Divine glory is so dreadful are First Because the Majesty of God is partly in those visions and the luster that accompanies it is too high and burdensom for mortal eye Secondly That it may breed an awe and reverence in us of and unto the Divine Majesty When Israel saw the lightning and heard the Thunder in the Mount all the people in the Camp trembled Exod. 19.16 Thirdly It is to prepare a soul for entertainment of what God hath to speak unto it Our souls are quite out of temper by reason of lusts cares fears and the world to have converse with God This prepares them for this Divine communion Quest Here a question may be made whether the blessed heavenly Spirits Angels or blessed Souls or glorified persons after the resurrection shall or do see the essential glory of God Though it were granted mortal eye cannot see this glory yet those blessed glorified creatures may I answer That I am swayed for the negative My reasons are Because God's essential glory is himself and God is invisible and that glory inaccessible and no farther and in no other way to be seen and comprehended by any created being then himself thinks good to propound it in and this hath
thereon and in Rev. 4. the two Gospel Witnesses are said to be the two candlesticks to wit the two churches of Jews and Gentiles with their two Olive branches by their side to wit the two administrations of Law and Gospel which are always pouring out their oyl for light into the ministerial Lamps of these golden candlesticks Here must needs be then much light and truth for these are the two anointed ones that stand by the Lord of the whole earth Zach. 4.2.12 and 14 verses CHAP. II. Verse 1. Unto the Angel of the Church of Ephesus write these things saith he that holdeth the seven Stars in his right hand who walketh in the midst of the seven golden Candlesticks THe general preface to the seven churches and of the whole Book being finished in the first chapter wherein was considered who was the Author of these divine Revelations and that was Christ under divers denominations and similitudes some appropriable only to the divine nature some to the humane clearly notifying That that person that appeared unto John was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Christ God-Man who gave these Divine Revelations unto John some immediately by himself some by his ministring Spirits the Angels for though the greatest part of these Prophesies are given and signified by the instrumentality of Angels yet it may be truly said that Christ doth it for it is a known rule What is done by another at ones Order and command is done by himself Christ he is the Author of those Visions he gives them out to John and John he is the recipient instrument and the subordinate Author and is commanded to write them and make them known unto the churches and in the first place in this second and third chapters John is commanded by Christ to write those premonitions to the seven churches which in their order shall be handled But in the way before I fall upon the particulars it will be worth the enquiry Quest Why John is commanded particularly to write to each church of the seven apart To the Angel of the Church of Ephesus of the Church of Smyrna of the Church of Pergamus c. I answer for divers reasons First They were not guilty of one and the same faults and as their defections were divers and various so ought they to have various and divers reprehensions So likewise their graces and endowments were various so ought they to have divers and various encouragements therein The more obdurate and high-handed sinners ought to have the sharpest and highest reproofs and censures but the more flexible and tender-hearted ought to be dealt with the more tender hand of love and compassion Secondly The several charges are drawn against each particular church and so sent unto them by the hand of their own peculiar Angel Minister or Pastor to shew unto us that they were not to seek for any extrinsecal power or authority over themselves Christ is the common and general admonitor and reprehender of them all each of them are solely and singly under his reprehensive power and jurisdiction The Angel of the church of Ephesus hath only received commands and reproofs that relates to the church of Ephesus so the Angel of Smyrna for the church of Smyrna and the Angel of Pergamus for the church of Pergamus c. The Angel of the church of Ephesus did not receive commands or reproofs to impose them juridically on the church of Smyrna nor Smyrna on the church of Pergamus or on any one of the seven either singly by it self or joyntly with any of the others one two or more They were not to be superintendents or to have a prelatical authority over the rest there was no cathedral then at Ephesus nor in any of the other six the name of Archiepiscopacy and Hierarchycal Supremacy was then unknown in the little well-ordered Christian world or rather Common-weal Bishops then did look no farther with an eye of authority then over their own flocks neither then was it known that a combination of some few churches or rather officers of churches under the name of classical Elders provincial Elders or National Elders should have the sole power and jurisdiction over the rest of the churches of Christ in their vicinity Ephesus then as unto outward authority was Independent Smyrna then was Independent and so were all the rest The churches could then and also now can act consultatively by way of advice by their Elders and Brethren either joynt or singly but not juridically by way of authority over one and another The churches of Christ are all Peers respecting their authority yet in their graces and perfections amongst themselves differing from one and another in glory Christ keeps the sole Legislative power in his own hand and what he communicates thereof unto his churches it is not that they should be lords over their Sister-churches faith but that they may within their due bounds exercise their wholsome admonitions and censures according to the Word of God Christ will not suffer one church juridically to censure another sister-church though corrupt for there is no such authority given them Christ keeps that prerogative in his own hand he reproves and censures the whole seven Asian churches himself but suffers not one or more to do it over the rest And one great reason of this is That if Christ had granted such authority unto one church over others that that church which becomes most potent and most countenanced by the secular powers though most corrupted in doctrine and worship will undertake to censure the soundest and most orthodox churches of all as the Arrians did of old in the times of the sons of Constantine the great and their Successors censure chastise and vex even the soundest and most faithful churches of Christ And the idolatrous apostatized church of Rome under this pretence of having authority over other churches do even fulminate out her direst Anathemas on all other churches though the faithful and undefiled spouses of Christ Be wise therefore ye true spouses of Christ hold fast the liberty wherewith Christ hath made you free lest ye subjugate your necks and precious faith unto the idolatries of the spiritual harlot For this very reason Christ gives his particular censures and reproofs to each particular church according to their peculiar failings and errours that one more corrupt church might not undertake to censure that which was less corrupt But if it be demanded how a sound and faithful church of Christ should carry it self towards an erroneous and backslidden corrupted church I answer They are to use all means for their recovery and that in love and charity First They are to advise them and admonish them of the danger of their ways charitably not juridically as a church exercises towards her own members Secondly They are to pray for their healing and recovery out of their spiritual Maladies If all this will not do to their amendment they are to withdraw communion from them and to leave
denied the instrumentality of his Spirit be sure that in stead of a Zion such will erect a Babel and being ignorant where the green pastures of the Gospel lies they will like idle Shepherds either starve the sheep of their flocks or at least poyson them with unwholsome herbage And these I account as sufficient rules to try and examine false Apostles and Teachers by and to find them liars Object But an Objection may here arise from him that hath the first call of abilities from God That if I count it so necessary for him to denominate him Orthodox in his call to have the additional call of the church also But then saith he to what church shall I repair to receive this call seeing there are so many that are pretenders to be the true and right churches of Christ and that the alone ordaining authority is in them and not in others This is indeed locus lubricus a slippery question and I should be loth to deal with it lest I should offend the contrary minded by ventilating my judgement herein but I profess ingeniously it was neither men nor parties self interests nor by-affections that did lead me first to this undertaking but only the general good of christians unto which the Lord moved my heart with much singleness of Spirit being clearly unbyassed and not so over-much engaged to any of the new parties of these times but that I can reserve my judgement free to close with truth wheresoever I can find it And therefore I think it not amiss but to prosecute my first intendment in the singleness of heart to endeavour to clear up truth according to the scantle of my judgement not as walking in the clouds but in plainness and perspicuity though for my reward I may have his hire that traced truth so near at the heels that had his teeth dashed out for his pains but if I be a fool herein yet being reputed a fool for the promotion of truth it will be some comfort and if I suffer loss herein yet this consideration will consolate Magnis tamen excidit Ausis First then to the business Understand that the word Church in Scripture is ordinarily taken to avoid all criticizing upon the word to be the company of the faithful gathered out of all Nations by the ministry of the Word and Spirit and this I conceive to be the genuine definition of the church which may abundantly be made good both by good authority and Scripture Now this church is either more improperly first called the invisible church or secondly more properly the visible church The invisible church comprehends only the elect and seeing their number to us are unknown therefore they are denominated invisible But secondly The visible church is either to be taken for the visible universal catholique church or secondly for a visible particular political church Now the question is concerning the church in this last notion for 't is apparent the invisible church as invisible hath not to do in visible and outward ordinances Neither secondly the visible universal church can by themselves or others their representatives convene for the institution of Officers for how can it stand with conveniency or with the least shew of reasonableness that all the churches of Christ dispersed and planted in the various and far distant corners and Ilands of the world should either by themselves or their representing Officers meet together in one catholique assembly for the disposing and conferring of all mediate calls and Offices And therefore Christ hath ordained that All wise order and gubernation in and over his mystical body the church that every part of this universal body I mean every particular christian assembly of the church catholique for every particular is part of the whole should have within their own limits and jurisdiction a full power to exercise all the offices and ordinances which Christ hath given and instituted for the good and edification of his church unto the end of the world Neither is the church to be called catholique in respect of any her Officers for we know no such office since the first Apostles that were so extraordinary gifted as to have the denomination of Catholique authority over the universal church though they may be accounted to have Jus ad rem fit to be officers of any parts of the catholique church and so to have a potential right thereunto yet actual they have not before their particular calls does invest them into Jus in re as well as their gifts and abilities does to Jus ad rem But the profession of that catholique universal faith which is one and the same in all churches over the whole world that gives denomination to the universal or catholique church therefore the results and conclusions of combined Churches Provincial or National may be only admitted as prudentially binding and obliging as Ecclesiastical Laws and Canons but not as having a divine authority stamped upon them though agreeable to the divine truth it self so that such constitutions are to be received and embraced not solely virtute authoritatis convocation is sed virtute veritatis propositae which if the same conclusions were enjoyned by a particular christian political church were to be received by all of that church not only for the truths sake therein but in submission to the divine authority of the church that commands and institutes them Such is the difference between prudential Ecclesiastique Edicts and Ecclesiastique divine Institutions the one is humane and binding only prudentially the other is divine and obligeth conscienciously These considerations being cleared I come to answer the question to what particular visible church must a candidate apply himself for a mediate authoritative call and mission to receive it rightly and according to the mind of God and satisfaction of a good Conscience I answer and take leave here first to distinguish and take notice between the bene esse and the esse of a call There may be particular churches which I cannot deny but to be truly churches of Christ but not true ones that is they may have being in Christ by faith as branches in the Vine yet mixed with much rottenness and unsoundness and as a leprous person is a man yet a sorry one so a church holding the faith which is as the soul and life thereof yet entertaining much corruption and errour may be truly called a christian church but a sad one So the Ministerial call does answer the constitution of the churches from whence they proceed It s observable that the off-springs constitution do follow the parents temperature strong issues are not to be expected of sickly parents Fortes creantur fortibus as Seneca so in politique bodies of particular churches if they are found and healthy in the faith their off springs are strong and healthy also then their officers and ordinances will be lively efficacious and virtual If ootherwise be with them they will lose much of their vigour life and vertue and
and good works as formerly she did as the true effects and issues of that love or else c. Hence Note Observ That the contemplation of grace is the only Gospel motive unto true repentance The commemoration of God's former gracious dealing unto a backslidden soul will operate very strongly if not judicially hardned to recal him unto his God The straying prodigal experienced this truth in himself Luke 15.17 when he came to himself and considered how that many hired servants in his fathers house had bread enough and yet he starving for hunger it made him to reflect upon that full and gracious condition when he was as an obedient son with his father which moved him to set on the resolution to be a Trewant no longer but to arise and go unto his Father and say Father I have sinned against heaven and before thee If any thing will break the course of sin and recall the heart unto its first love the consideration of the former gracious dealings of God with it will effect it It will reason thus with it self was it not better with me when I kept close to God then now it is since I have broken with him Was not my soul more at peace within it self when I was more zealous of God's glory and of keeping his commands then now when I am more remiss and colder in my affections both towards God and christian duties Was not then my food more spiritual and my delights more heavenly then now when I am clogg'd with the vanities of this world and the bewitching lusts thereof Had I not then a freer access to God and of a freer spirit in my approches crying Abba Father then now having strayed from him instead thereof having a spirit of bondage and of fear In short when I kept close with God did not a face of heaven as it were appear in all my performances and relations but now having departed from him all is turned into hell and bitterness against me Surely those considerations of grace formerly received will work more upon an ingenious spirit then any thundring Legal threats whatsoever yet I add if these will not do Christ hath another course and method and can come judicially and remove his candlestick from amongst such obstinate and unrepentant sinners Observ 2. Another Note is That true Gospel repentance consists not only in changing the mind but of practise and conversation also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rescipicite to wax wiser or repent do not only consist to grow wiser in the judgement but in the choice of the practical affections also If the will be not right as to its objects as well as the judgement it will not denominate a true repentant The church of Ephesus was right as to her faith for which she suffered in patience yet her practise and affections were not streight for which she had the check and commanded to do the first works works of love works of charity works of piety which formerly she had been zealous in In true repentance there is a Terminus a quo and Terminus ad quem Turn ye turn ye every one from the abomination of his ways there is the terminus a quo but this is not all a negative righteousness will not serve turn but there must be Terminus ad quem a positive righteousness also There must be a doing of the first works of holiness and godliness towards God and of love and righteousness towards all but more especially towards the houshold of faith These are the adequate ingredients of true and Gospel repentance It is a gross deceit in many that think that they have believed sufficiently and they have repented sufficiently when they have altered their judgment or at least their weather-cock opinion from one external form unto another as when an Episcopal man is become for a Presbyterie O most kind and benigne Sun-shine quoth he but when a Presbyterian turns Independent in judgement he presently cries out that heaven is opened unto him never considering that the kingdom of heaven does consist in godliness and righteousness but in outward forms of worship which if rightly regulated somthing of each might be rightly admitted to make a just composure In the next place some think their repentance very sound when they have changed one errour for another when of an Arminian or Pelagian are become Antinomists rightly so termed denying and opposing the morality of the Law as a rule of duty obliging unto christians when of an Arrian or Antitrinitarian are become Tridheites or worshippers of three Gods c. So corrupt is the heart of man that will make his own opinion an Idol and all that looks not that way nor brings any flowers to that sacrifice and yet otherwise apparently gracious shall neither have the title of a true believer or a repentant soul amongst them Therefore with all such I would leave this Scripture as a Signet upon their finger Remember from whence thou art fallen and repent and do thy first works Observ 3. Another Note from the authority of the person Christ that gives this memento is That Christ's commands in his Word should be very powerful and efficacious to bring us unto repentance Shall Christ be our Anamnestes or Remembrancer and set our faults before us by his Spirit in the Word and shall not our hearts be molten for it Shall he call from heaven to us in his ever-living word of Prophesie and shall we not intend or hearken to that heavenly vision He gave but one glance on Peter reflecting on his unkindness and denial which caused Peter to turn aside and weep bitterly And shall he not only look upon us with his daylie providential acts of goodness and mercy which leadeth unto repentance but give us line upon line and precept upon precept and yet not return by repentance It is the signe of most obdurate hearts and of stiff-necked sinners But some will say We want wills to it and if Christ gave wills as well as commands we should readily follow him I answer first Where Christ lays his commands on his chosen ones he also gives there the first grace of his Spirit to enable to obey that command and we know the Spirit may be opposed and the Spirit may be quenched and is so often by our own defects and by reason of the abundancy of corruptions so that the want of wills to good things proceed from our own base and corrupt wills not for want of power from Christ who commands us to them but take notice though the operations of the Spirit may by the Elect themselves be opposed darkned and quenched partially but not totally and finally but at last will get the victory in bringing forth the work of God unto perfection Secondly It is in vain for persons in an â—nregenerate state to complain for want of wills for before Christ moves thereon by his Spirit of grace they cannot rightly will any good thing or work but the first grace being given
Christ hates it and his church hates it and therefore surely it hath some poysonous and pestilential quality in it somtimes it amounts so far as to defile both judgement and practise joyntly as it did in the Sect of the Nicholaitans And this it most frequently does unless in such a time when the appearance of an Angel of light will seem better with Satans designs for if the Theoretique part of the understanding be not sound the practique can hardly be streight where the light of the eye is darkned our feet will soon stumble and the will and judgement are so linked together that some make the will to be the last act of the understanding or the practique part of the judgement so nearly they are related into oneness that the contagion of the one will be the defilement of the other Yet secondly Satan is so serpentine and crafty that often he can restrain the will and put on the forms of an Angel of light and set on a stricter garb of holiness and mortification then ordinary even unto an Erenetique monastical conversation denying the lawful comforts of humane life and society that he may make the greater impression to deceive thereby as he does in some of the crafty deceiving heretiques of these days Therefore it is not only the duty of all Christ's faithful ones but their honour and glory and their crown to abominate and hate all such deeds and mysteries of Satan even as they are abominated and hated by Christ himself Verse 7. He that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the Churches To him that overcometh will I give to taste of the Tree of life which is in the midst of the Paradice of God The ear is the chief instrument or organ by which we hear and the Spirit sets it here metonimically for hearing it self such a hearing or right understanding as is mentioned in Rom. 10.17 as comes by the Word of God by a sagacious and diligent prepending of the mind of God in the word stirred up and warmed by the influence of the same Spirit and such a hearing or such an ear is here called as competently fit for the comprehension of the mind of the Spirit in these prophesies Hence Note Observ That there is chiefly required a spiritualized and enlightned reason and a well ordered judgement for the discovery of the mysteries of this book of Prophesies Holy and good affections without sound knowledge will not reach it It is for him that hath understanding that must count the number of the Beast Rev. 13.18 God hath given diversity of gifts to his Church for the profit of the whole some one is excellent for an interpretation of Tongues another for Prophesie another for exhortation another for a Psalm another for gubernation and discipline another is excellent about justification another about the doctrines of holiness and sanctification others again are for unlocking prophetical deeps and mysteries c. So every one hath their variety of gifts and excellencies that the body may be compleated and made perfect by the co-assistance and harmony of the whole Let it not seem strange that this book is dark and difficult to the supine and lazie christian it is only for him that hath an ear to hear what the Spirit saith unto the Churches What is meant by the Spirit that speaks unto the churches is to be enquired into It cannot be understood neither Angel nor the holy Spirit personally considered for in the next immediate verse the same Spirit is called the first and the last which was dead and is alive Now this must be Christ who appeared unto John not in his humanity but spiritually in his Deity under the figure and likeness of the Son of man Review v. 13. of the first chapter more fully to this purpose And here he is called the Spirit to denote Observ That Christ is one and the same not only in properties and qualities with the holy Spirit but in essence also He hath the incommunicable properties of the Father in the words in the next verse and precedent chapter v. 4 8 17. who is the first and the last In vers 18. of this chapter he is called The Son of God and in this verse he is called The Spirit all making up this harmonious conclusion and truth that Christ is one and the same everlasting Father Son and Spirit our God blessed for ever Observ Another Note from these words are That every wise and judicious christian ought to be very intent and enquiring into the mind of God in and about all his providential dealings and discoveries towards his churches abroad in the world What God speaks unto his churches is not of a private interpretation but of a publique concernment unto all others If God have dealt in judgement and righteousness with those Asiatique churches and for their abounding iniquities unrepented of hath anathematized and utterly unchurched them all think not that we shall go free if we be found in the same transgressions with them There were other churches too as well as these once famous for their faith and piety now become the Dens of Dragons and habitation of all unclean spirits Therefore to avoid the stroke of divine judgement by a timely repentance how behoveful and necessary it is for him that hath an ear to hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches For be sure if we run the same course of sin with them we shall drink the same cup of indignation with them also if we continue obstinate and repent not for God is the same immutable Being just and righteous and a hater of all iniquity today and for ever But to him that overcometh that is holds out against the spiritual assaults of Satan and so overcome his temptations will I give saith Christ to eat of the Tree of life which is in the midst of the Paradice of God Here we have the tryumphant Christian Conqueror described together with his Crown and Reward To him that overcometh that is the Conqueror The reward is To eat of the Tree of life in the Paradice of God But if it should be asked wherein should a christian combatant overcome to denominate him a true conqueror and to overcome indeed I answer As God hath furnished us with variety of spiritual weapons and armory from himself which are mighty through God to pull down the strong Holds of Satan so we have divers and various stratagems and wyles of his to meet with in our christian warfare here beneath we have not only to fight with our corruptions within but we must meet with divers assaults of Satan also from without enticements and allurements to false Doctrines and Worships and if we comply not we may be sure to meet his buffettings from without in revilings reproaches afflictions c. and often as Paul did fight with unreasonable and bestial men as he did after the manner of Beasts at Ephesus So that he that overcometh to
Mountains to fall upon them and hide them from the face of him that sits upon the Throne and from the wrath of the Lamb. This is the terrible and unknown name of Christ which no man knoweth but Christ himself which one day he will manifest when all his enemies are made his footstool and takes the Kingdom unto himself O let this thy Kingdom come and blessed is he that shall sit down with Christ in his Kingdome Observ 2. Christ is very zealous and intense on the punishment of delinquent Churches Christ comes all in a fiery posture against Thyatira and withall tels her ver 22 23. that for suffering Jezabel within her Behold I will cast her into a bed and them that commit adultery with her into great Tribulation except they repent of their deeds And I will kill her children with death c. Christ when he whipped out of the Temple the buyers and sellers Jo 2. did it so zealously that for that very act it was formerly prophesied of him The zeal of thy house hath eaten me up How zealous was Christ in his carriage and ready to punish all those delinquent Asian churches He tels Ephesus in the first place Except she repent and recover her first love and do her first works he will come quickly and remove her candlestick out of its place To Pergamus he saith Repent or I come quickly against thee with the sword of my mouth How zealous was Christ against the zeal-fallen church of Laodicea cap. 3. 15 16. I know thou art neither hot nor cold I would thou wert cold or hot so then because thou art lukewarm I will spew thee out of my mouth You see Christ will not spare his delinquent churches but come quickly against them except they repent And this proceeding of Christ with his Churches answers to this apparition of his to Iohn who hath his eyes like unto a flame of fire and feet like burning brass cap. 1. 14 15. Vers 19. I know thy works and charity and service and faith and thy patience and thy works and the last to be more then the first All those graces here mentioned by the Spirit and found in the church of Thyatira are to be understood of true â—eal graces not only so in appearance and opinion but in truth and sincerity and therefore Christ before he fals on the charge against her first he gives an approbation and an encouragement to her graces and in effect tels her 'T is true O church of Thyatira I must acknowledg thy works of grace as thy true love towards me which hath produced and brought forth in thee the happy fruits of thy zealous service and thy faith enlivened by love together with thy constant patience under sufferings for my names sake and by this it appeareth that thou hast received the truth in the love thereof and withal I must add unto thy praise that there is a growth and improvment in those gracious works and the last to be more then the first That is Though thy first works were done out of much zeal yet the latter were done on more certain and sober grounds of knowledg and sincerer ends then the first and therefore as thou hast made an improvement of thy graces so thou art more in esteem and thy works also then at the first By the way here Observ We may Observe Though the Church of Thyatira be never so blame-worthy yet Christ will give her her due and set too his Seal of approbation to all that is sound and righteous in her It seems there were graces sufficient in Thyatira to denominate her a golden candlestick and a church of Christ notwithstanding Christ had a few things to say against her it savors not of the Dove-like spirit of Christ and love when any shall be so rigid as will not acknowledg such societies to be churches of Christ because some imperfections in them either in doctrine or manners though otherwise abounding in works of holiness as love to God and his Saints and faith towards Jesus Christ zeal towards God's worship and service and in suffering for Christ's sake Doubtless with some rigid persons in these days the churches of Pergamus and Thyatira would be unchurched and anathematized by them had they but authority over them though Christ had set his Seal upon them and marked them as golden candlesticks As in a natural body some members may be rotten and dead and yet a lively body So in those spiritual bodies politiques there may be som members rotten and dead at the root yet the body still an organical body and no great hinderance to the whole And again in a natural body there may be a catholique disease seasing upon every part and member of the body which may render it very uncapable for its seruices and yet still a lively body So it may be in a church a body politique it may be catholiquely sick and infected with some venomous disease some pestifferous doctrine or other and yet a church still though a decrepid infirm and lame one but when the disease comes to be mortal leaprous or incurable it is time then to cry out Sum impurus sum impurus Procul hinc procul ite For the words I know thy works and thy loue c. Here we see the good works that God does approve of in his people and does also render them as approved Saints both unto themselves and the whole world Christ alone is the publique approved person in the room of all his members in the sight of God as unto justification and perfect righteousness yet before these graces does appear in the Saints to evidence their calling they are but the children of wrath as well as others Election does secure our eternal estate but before the spirit of grace comes to evidence it by faith that worketh by love sin and death hath dominion over us And though we are heirs of all in God's predetermination yet differ we not at all from servants in the state of unregeneracy yea therein we are slaves and captives to sin and Satan These gracious works are called thy works though they are the gifts of God and wrought by his spirit in us yet God's goodness does call them ours because they are acted by the instrumentality of our souls as passing through our wils affections and understandings and here love or charity is put in the first place among all the graces of the Spirit Whether love in order of nature is before faith I shall not here dispute only thus much I say that all generally grant that faith's first act is an assent to the truth as unto a proposition now unless love come in to ingrediate the affection unto the truth proposed it will only be but a bare opinion and never come to a lively faith Secondly I say love is here proposed as first in order as being the most excellent Gospel grace 1 Cor. 13. throughout Now abideth faith hope and charity but the greatest of
life in the Paradise of God c. all being variety of expressions to set forth the great and excellent glories of the other world Christ did formerly promise the participation of himself in that his glorious kingdom to the conquering Saints under the Types of Hidden Manna Tree of Life and in this verse as the morning Star Christ is the bright morning Star First Because he then brings comfort with him to his afflicted churches Secondly He brings light with him to his ancient people the Jews that now sit in darkness and in the shadow of death Rom. 11.25 2 Pet. 1.19 This morning Star is the same with that Sun that rises in Malachy 4.2 with healing in his wings and must of necessity signifie Christ's personal appearance again as the greatest part of the crown and reward of his faithful ones and for the healing enlightning and conversion of his ancient church and people the Jews Hence Note Observ That Christ will appear again to the comfort of his afflicted Gentile churches and to the enlightning and conversion of his ancient people the Jews before the ultimate end of all and general judgement Because then is a day of total destruction not an appearance for the conversion of them that are in unbelief That is the time when the Saints receive their utmost glory not striving ruling and over-powring the Nations Christ then delivers up all power unto the Father 1 Cor. 15.24 therefore that is no day to give power into their hands over the Nations In the day of ultimate judgment Gog and Magog and all the churches enemies are caught and cast into the Lake of fire and brimstone for evermore cap. 19. 20. Therefore it is no day of ruling over them for that day then will be past and over To conclude the Saints temporal reigne begins with the appearance of this Morning Star and ends with the final destruction of all the wicked but their heavenly glory shall never end And for the conclusion of this chapter Vers 29. He that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the Churches Let the wise intelligent christian consider and ponder what the Spirit saith to each of these churches and from the often repetition of the Spirits memento in these words take this conclusion That Christ's Doctrines and Prophesies cannot be too often inculcated upon the hearts and memories of his people CHAP. III. Verse 1. And unto the Angel of the Church in Sardis write these these things saith he that hath the seven Spirits of God and the seven Stars I know thy works that thou hast a name that thou livest and art dead CHrist proceeds with his charge against the church at Sardis superscribed unto the Angel or chief Minister of that church for the reasons before specified chap. 2. v. 1. Write these things saith he that hath the Spirits of God and the seven Stars I cannot joyn unto their Interpretation that makes the seven Spirits and the seven Stars to be all one to wit Christ's seven Angels of his Churches which he carries in his hand cap. 1. 20. so it would seem a tautologie whilst a more convenient sense may be found applicable to it to wit These things saith he which hath the seven Spirits of God that is the Spirit of God in his sevenfold graces and perfections for the number seven in all Prophetical writings doth intimate perfection as cap. 1. 5. and 4. 5. and this sevenfold spirit of perfection being Christ's own spirit and being sent by him and at his disposal and therefore Christ may be truly verified to have the seven Spirits of God or the sevenfold operating Spirit of God as well as the seven Stars in his hand and disposal Hence Note Observ That the Spirit of grace and a gratious Ministry are the special inseparable gifts of Christ towards his Churches They are inseparable companions where the one doth go the other is present also If Christ comes with seven Stars in his right hand he comes with the seven Spirits in his left hand to that people also A true Ministry and the Spirit are never separated Though I should not ty up God to those means only yet ordinarily it is in vain to expect Christ in the Administration of the Spirit without the Ministerial Adminstration of his Stars and Angels They are as it were the Charioteers of the Spirit The Word is the Spirit 's Vehiculum or Chariot but the Ministers thereof are those that carry and support this Chariot on the shoulders never think that the Spirit the glory of this Chariot will come or rest in our Temples unless it be brought unto us by the feet of those Stars those beautiful ones that bring the glad tidings of peace God hath so linked together in his all-wise decrees and predeterminations the concatenation of subordinate causes or mediums unto salvation that ordinarily one cannot be effected without the other and so we are saved by faith in Christ through the sanctification of the spirit and word One will not doe this work without the concurrence of the other but when Christ comes with them joyntly together either to a particular Soul or Church he makes them of a wilderness and a land of darkness a Goshen and a land of light And happy is that people to whom Christ so cometh with his seven Spirits and his seven Stars with his gracious Spirit and spiritual Ministry and for such whose lot is fallen in such a Land I say their lot is fallen in a goodly Heritage But what is the reason that Christ here appears under this representation of one that hath the seven Spirits of God and the seven Stars I Answer Christ is upon discovery of the hypocritical defections of the church of Sardis and thererefore he needs to appear not only under a searching piercing and spiritual administration as one that can search the reines and hearts cap. 2. 23. and as one that hath the seven spirits of God or the sevenfold searching Spirit of God which knoweth the hidden things of man but also under a lightsom administration of the seven Stars for a further discovery and conviction of their hypocritical practises and therefore the church of Sardis's hidden hypocrisies and inward rottenness being searched out by the Spirit of God and made manifest by the true light and Ministry of the seven Stars Angels or Ministers of the word he falls upon them with his charge against them and tells them I know thy works that thou hast a Name that thou livest and art dead Hence by the way Note Observ That Christ's spiritual Ministry in the hands of his Ministers and Embassadors can try the secret and hidden things of man The spiritual man saith the Apostle judgeth all things and is judged of none And if a private spiritual member may judge Judicio discretionis then surely much more the publique Embassadors and authorised Ministers of Christ they can try by the Word and Spirit whither our works profession
bodies and spirits Well then try your faith and profession whether it be dead or formal or active or living by these few particulars it is not a naked assent or unactive outward profession will serve turn this is dead and liveless yea twice dead and to be plucked up by the roots Jud. 12. dead in your first natural condition and dead in your hypocritical profession for by this it appeareth never to be otherwise with you But a lively faith is a working faith by and through the influence of Christ and his spirit being zealous of good works and all for Christ's sake and his glory Paul's whole life Phil. 1.21 was as it were consecrated to Christ for to me to live is Christ says he that is my life is Christ's for his uses his purposes and his glory In short a true and lively faith works by Christ by the continual supply and influence of his spirit and for Christ and with aim at his glory Observ 2. 'T is very usual for dead Formalists to carry a higher hand in outward profession then the real Christian Sardis pretends highly to faith and to a name that she lived beyond her sister churches and the name was only that she aimed at for in the truth of grace she was no better then dead and rotten It is not very usual still among dead and carnal christians to boast of their christianity their baptisme their church their external ordinances and the like They needs would satisfie themselves in the name of christians as the carnal Jews that said they were Jews and were not vers 9. So unto these carnal Formalists the name of christians is pleasant to them yet still are enemies to the true Saints of God and the power of godliness and the reason of this is in that they perceive they want the true working faith which is only acceptable unto God all being naturally self-lovers they would needs content themselves and God too if they might with a guilded sophisticate and dead faith and profession which is to be had at an easier rate then the true one which should commend them unto God and denominate them his Saints in the eye of the world but this faith is too short for such a work being dead false and liveless as a carcass without a soul but that is the faith that justifieth and Christ accepteth that worketh by love 1 Thes 1.3 Vers 2. Be thou watchful and strengthen the things which remain that are ready to dy for I have not found thy works perfect before God Esto vigilans as Beza reads it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and I should rather take it in the active sense Be thou awake or awake thou then be watchful for it it argues the state of life and activity to be watchful watch and pray but to awake it only shows a dormant dead and sleepy state wherein the church of Sardis was for she bore the name that she lived but she was as good as dead therefore Christ tels her 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 rouse up thy self from thy sleepy state and strengthen the things which remain re-inforce revive and stir up those small remaining sparks of graces that are ready even to give up the very last gaspe within thee and though thou thinkest and maist have a conceit of thy self that thou art something in that thou hast an external profession and name that thou livest yet I must tell thee saith Christ I have not found thy works perfect before God Hence Note Observ A state of sin is a great impairing and consumption unto the life of grace Sardis is brought by it even to death's door her graces that were once eminent are come thereby to some smal remainders and they too almost extinct and neer the grave and though death it self I mean spiritual hath not yet seized her yet she is somwhat neer it she is under the shadow of death for she sleeps and is called to awake and to stir up the remainders of life that is in her least she takes her last sleep by the spiritual death of grace here and eternal death hereafter Sin is to the soul as sickness is to the body 1. It carries with it its distemperatures and disorders of the soul 2. Ugliness and deformity it is compared to the Leprosie under the Law 3. Grief and pain as sickness causes grief to the body so sin causes horror and anguish unto the soul 4. It causes weakness for the more sin the more weakness and disability to spiritual duties We were without strength saith the Apostle Rom. 5.6 weak feeble souls in the things of God whilst we were in sin and the state of nature 5. Every sickness of the body tends to the death of the body so every sin tends to the death both of body and soul eternally The only remedy that we have against this poyson and sting of sin is to hasten to Christ by faith who is the Phisitian of our souls and by whose stripes we are healed Object But is it not said here to Sardis to awake and strengthen the things that remain that are ready to dye Was it not in the power of Sardis to awake her self recover her self and renew her graces without going to Christ by faith I answer Negatively Christ is set up for that very end not only for a propitiation If any man sin we have an Advocate but it is also from his influence and from him as the Fountain of life whereby all our graces are maintained and kept alive For the life I live as the Apostle says is by the life of the Son of God If Christ should withdraw his gracious presence from our souls we should never awake out of sin nor do our first works or renovate our selves by repentance Secondly This duty to awake and renew their graces was set on those of Sardis that had already received the first grace and Christ by faith for it is here said strengthen the things which remain therefore they had a being though a sorry one and those that have received grace from Christ are in a capacity to work from the power of that grace Having received the promises saith the Apostle that is Christ the great end and object of the promises cleanse your selves go on in the work of sanctification in the power of Christ for all our gracious acts are to be done in and through his continued power and influence Thirdly When we are commanded to awake strengthen and renew our selves by repentance c. they must be always taken to be as inseparable parts of a lively faith for we cannot awake from sin unless we first look upon Christ in the promises neither can we possibly renew or restore our falne graces before we first eye God in Christ out of whose fulness we receive grace for grace Therefore in vain to set home spiritual duties on persons that have not first received light and life from Christ Christ is the first work that must be offered and
some one may be more eminent then others yet the truth of all must be there as they will have faith they will have patience as patience love zeal humility self-denial and all other graces whatsoever Be ye holy for I am holy in all manner of conversation 1 Pet. 1.15.16 and this must be also in the prevailing degree thereof for his servants ye are whom ye obey if sin be stronger in thee then grace then ye are sinners and wicked ones but if grace prevail then are ye gracious and perfect ones Thirdly Their aims and desires must be after perfection they will not be contented with a little grace no less measure will serve their turn then what they enjoy after the resurrection I would by any means attain to the resurrection of the dead saith Paul Phil. 3.11 their aims are no lower then unto the glorious and everlasting state and therefore do alwaies press on unto perfection their desires are somewhat infinite as the glory they expect Leaving these things that are behind Heb. 6.1 and herein their aims and desires will appear more perfect in that they hate sin so perfectly that they cannot be quiet until it be abolished and they freed from it 1. From the guilt thereof by justification in the blood of Christ 2. From the piercing power thereof by the sanctification of the spirit of grace 3. From the very being of it in their glorification 4. They are to aim at perfection in duration and perseverance As they are not to want any grace in the truth thereof or in the prevailing degree thereof so are they not to want it in any part of their lives for the Crown is given to him that overcometh 5. True Saints press forward to excel and precede other formal and outside christians in all duties of grace and perfection he that hath any grace will always desire more a holy ambition in grace and goodness is very commendable God tells Satan that there was none like Job on the face of the earth Job 1.8 a perfect and upright man Many desire to be before others in honour riches and power but few desire to excel in grace If we be true Saints and aim at perfection we will not think it enough to be like others in grace but labour to go beyond others in all good and perfect works Hence the Quakers may see and be convinced that we hold a perfection in this life though not an absolute legal one whereunto nothing can be added as they but an Evangelical one upon better grounds and principles Verse 3. Remember therefore how thou hast received and heard and hold fast and repent if therefore thou shalt not watch I will come on thee as a thief and thou shalt not know what hour I will come upon thee Call to minde therefore the doctrine of grace which thou hast formerly received and heard and cleave fast thereunto and repent thy straying there from But if thou wilt not repent and be awaken'd out of this thy sleep of sin I shal come as a thief suddenly unawares upon thee and seize on thee with unexpected judgements Christ takes up this metaphor and comparison of coming as a thief for divers reasons 1. Because a thief cometh speedily in a time when no man looks for Mat. 24.43 This sets us on a diligent watchfulness If the good man of the house did know in what watch the thief would come he would watch and not suffer his house to be broken thorow or his goods stolen 2. As a thief comes in the dark or dead of night so Christ comes when there is the greatest darkness and deepest night of errour on the whole world and therefore Christ says in Luke when he comes shall he find faith on earth True faith will be such a rarity at Christs coming that it will be found in very few his elect only This quickens our faith and puts us upon the tryal of it 3. A thief comes prepared and resolved to over-master all oppositions so Christ's coming in judgement is with power and to tread down and make all his enemies his footstool This supports and comforts the distressed afflicted Saints He formerly came as a Lamb to suffer and he after came as a comforter to support all those for whom he suffered and died and he hath an other coming his ordinary particular temporal judgements against his enemies which he frequently and very often sends forth against them for their transgressions and so he threatens to come here against Sardis and his offending churches And lastly he comes in his last and ultimate judgement with great power and glory to overthrow and destroy all his antichristian foes and enemies whatsoever in Rev. 16.15 it is said Lo I come as a thief and presently follows the great battel of Armageddon and the utter destruction of Babylon by the seventh Vial of God's plagues and judgements First from the former part of this verse observe Observ That a calling to mind of God's former gratious dealings with us is not only a great preservative against sin but an effectual means for the recovery out of sin by a holy repentance Look back unto the Rock from whence thou art hewen and review thy former unregenerate state and how you were therein aliens strangers and enemies unto God by evil works and how it is far better with you now in your state of faith then it was then in sin and wrath for when ye have sin presented unto you in its enticements and provocations it will make gracious souls to reason thus with themselves Was I not once an enemy unto God in my sinful unregenerate state and shall I again fall back into it as the Sowe into the myre God forbid How shall I do this great wickedness and sin against God Will not then my latter estate be far worse then the first Because God hath been gracious unto my poor soul and delivered it as a Bird out of the snare or snatch'd it as a brand out of the fire shall I again cast my self into the bonds of Satan and into the flames of hell by my turning this grace of God into sin and wantonness The Lord forbid Again for the recovery of backslidden souls that are almost spiritually dead and have almost nothing but the name and common reputation of living ones It is most useful and advantagious to such poor souls for their recovery to recognize and look back on those good things they formerly received of God and heard concerning him For first They heard that God was a gracious reconciled God and a merciful Father in Jesus Christ ready to receive those of his chosen ones even in their blood and sin that did come to him by faith in Christ to be healed of their transgressions and this they not only heard by the hearing of the ear but received it also into their hearts by faith And if God was so ready then to receive us into reconciliation with himself whiles enemies unto
in which their souls would delight Neither can they be ignorant thereof being to be sharers and compartners in that Kingdom though differing from one another in judgements and opinions the weak christian shall be a partner therein as well as the strong and therefore all of this sort must needs know it if it were come down from heaven on earth already 2. In the next place the wicked and ungodly of the world must needs then take notice of it also for there is written thereon the name of God of new Jerusalem and the new name of the same all signifying power strength and glory which they must needs be sensible of and feel the effects thereof unto their pain if the time were at hand that they should rule and break them as a Potters vessel as in cap. 2. v. 27. with a rod of iron That Kingdom that comes down from heaven from God shall surely be seen and acknowledged of all and especially coming with thaâ— power and glory as the day of the Saints triumphant reign does being ushered in with the most glorious appearing of the morning 〈◊〉 Christ in the clouds with myriads of his Angels and raâ—â—â—d Saâ—â—â—s that none can possibly be ignorant of it Therefore that I may deal plainly with those that would have the Saints to reigne before their Leader Head and King appears 't is much to be doubted that their spirits are not right with their master's spirit who was meek peaceable ready to suffer under the powers of the world not drawing the sword to free or revenge himself or his followers but checked Peter for it when he attempted it on Malchas and the rest that laid hands upon him Christ well knew that his Kingdom was not of this world of this age of sin and corruption and therefore his way was not to enter upon it by swords and blood but by suffering and patience and so entered into his glory and they that go another way may build a city but not such a one as comes down from God out of heaven whose builder is God they may erect a city whose builder is man and on whose gates and walls are written their own names not of God or of Christ's nor of the new Jerusalem they may build a Babel not a Bethel a Kingdom wherein the Beast may reign in not Christ and his Saints a Kingdom of weakness and imperfection whereby they themselves and all that trust thereunto may be justly involved into utter ruine and misery for trusting to the weak arm of flesh and leaving off their hopes in the living God and of that everlasting new city promised to the conquering suffering patient Saints and not to the heady rebellious or precipitant ones of the earth and whereon the name of God of the new Jerusalem and the new name of Christ is written and inscribed so plain and so evident that he that runneth may read it and say at the time when it descends that this is the Spouse the Lamb's wife the great city the holy Ierusalem that came down from God which shall be so universal and conspicuous for light and glory that all Nations of the earth that are saved shall walk in the light thereof and bring their glory to it and this city had no need of the Sun neither of the Moon to shine in it for the glory of God did lighten it and the Lamb is the light thereof Rev. 21.23 Vers 13. He that hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches If it be demanded why these words are so often inculcated at the end of each particular Epistle to the several churches I answer What was written to them was not only peculiarly relating unto themselves but unto all others to take notice of also unto the ends of the world coming under the same conditions with themselves according to that of Paul Rom. 15.4 It was not only written for them but for our instruction also And therefore let the wise christian consider what the Spirit saith unto the churches Ver. 14. And unto the Angel of the church of the Laodiceans write these things saith the Amen the faithful and true witness the beginning of the creation of God The seventh and last of Christ's monitory Epistles is written to the chief Minister or Pastor of the church of the Laodiceans which was Archippus as some say mentioned Coloss 4.17 not far from Philadelphia in the lesser Asia It was called Laodicea from Laodice wife of Antiochus who built it in honour of his wife and called it according to her name Laodicea which name in the Greek signifies as much as Commandress Princess or Dictatrix of the people The nature and disposition of this church was somwhat agreeable to the nature of her name She conceived her self to be a glorious church a Princess amongst the rest of her Sister churches for so in vers 17. she vaunts her self to be rich to be increased with goods and to want nothing But when the Spirit of Christ brought her to the tryal she was found wretched miserable poor blinde and naked Hence by the way Note Observ That God does often in his providence ordain names to persons and places sutable and well comporting with their natural dispositions and qualities Christ was called Jesus because he was the Saviour of the world Ioshua had a name also from the same root he being also a temporal Saviour unto Israel leading them into the land of Canaan saving and delivering them from the hands and fury of the Canaanites the ancient inhabitants of the holy Land Many examples are found of the like kinde as Iohn whose name and nature both were gracious Chrysostome he was an eloquent golden mouthed Father and he had a name sutable to his nature Many more of the like kinde will offer themselves to the observant eye but these shall suffice 2. For places and churches Rome was called Roma from Romulus from some old word of the like sound which signifies strength Babylon from Babel confusion Philadelphia had a beloved name and she was a beloved church Laodicea had a vain-glorious name and she was a vain-glorious church much boasting of her spiritual riches whiles miserable poor and naked These things saith the Amen c. Christ is here described under a threefold property 1. As the Amen 2. As the faithful and true witness 3. As the beginning of the Creation of God These three properties are taken out of the general description of Christ in the preliminary Epistle to the seven churches in the first chapter First he is called the Amen out of the eighteenth verse of the first chapter to denote unto us Observ That what Christ promiseth and predicteth in this book of Prophesies must surely come to pass And that the truth hereof may not fail he adds another property taken out of chap. 1. v. 5. He being the faithful and true witness Now what this Amen hath promised predicted and said in these prophesies must