Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	almighty_a	authority_n	good_a	18	3	2.1572	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A94173	Ten lectures on the obligation of humane conscience Read in the divinity school at Oxford, in the year, 1647. By that most learned and reverend father in God, Doctor Robert Sanderson, Bishop of Lincoln. &c. Translated by Robert Codrington, Master of Arts.	Sanderson, Robert, 1587-1663.; Codrington, Robert, 1601-1665.	1660 (1660)	Wing S631; ESTC R227569	227,297	402

it_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o act_n do_v altogether_o depend_v on_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o intention_n &_o that_o adaequate_o so_o that_o what_o power_n a_o evil_a intention_n have_v to_o corrupt_v a_o act_n although_o otherwise_o good_a the_o same_o power_n a_o good_a intention_n have_v to_o approve_v and_o to_o render_v a_o act_n good_a which_o otherwise_o be_v evil_a for_o a_o good_a or_o a_o single_a eye_n be_v as_o efficatious_a to_o inlighten_v the_o whole_a body_n as_o a_o evil_a eye_n be_v to_o infuse_v darkness_n on_o it_o to_o add_v more_o strength_n to_o this_o opinion_n much_o may_v be_v allege_v from_o the_o father_n and_o other_o divine_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v that_o in_o the_o gloss_n as_o much_o good_a as_o you_o do_v intend_v so_o much_o you_o do_v perform_v and_o that_o verse_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o every_o scool-boy_n quicquid_fw-la agunt_fw-la homines_fw-la intentio_fw-la judicat_fw-la illud_fw-la it_o be_v the_o intention_n judge_v true_a of_o whatsoever_o thing_n we_o do_v xi_o but_o in_o the_o way_n of_o answer_n as_o to_o that_o place_n in_o the_o 6_o of_o st._n mat._n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o some_o learned_a man_n of_o this_o age_n do_v give_v a_o interpretation_n to_o it_o far_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o not_o consonant_a to_o that_o we_o have_v now_o in_o hand_n but_o in_o reverence_n to_o those_o ancient_a doctor_n be_v it_o grant_v that_o those_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n have_v a_o proper_a relation_n to_o the_o intention_n of_o man_n i_o make_v answer_n that_o the_o intention_n when_o it_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o the_o will_n tend_v to_o some_o end_n by_o certain_a medium_n be_v take_v into_o a_o twofold_a consideration_n first_o whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o intention_n of_o that_o good_a into_o which_o the_o will_n be_v final_o and_o precise_o carry_v be_v take_v from_o all_o consideration_n of_o the_o medium_n to_o attain_v it_o as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v he_o intend_v the_o glory_n of_o god_n or_o his_o own_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n or_o second_o whether_o it_o be_v for_o a_o entire_a ordination_n of_o the_o whole_a progress_n of_o the_o work_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o work_n unto_o the_o end_n including_z also_o the_o medium_n or_o the_o mean_n to_o attain_v it_o as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v that_o he_o intend_v the_o glory_n of_o god_n by_o build_v a_o temple_n or_o stain_v a_o idolater_n or_o that_o he_o intend_v his_o own_o profit_n by_o get_v riches_n by_o his_o honest_a labour_n or_o by_o theft_n and_o plunder_v and_o as_o he_o may_v be_v say_v that_o he_o intend_v a_o journey_n to_o rome_n who_o only_o think_v of_o go_v thither_o and_o have_v not_o yet_o resolve_v with_o himself_o which_o way_n or_o upon_o what_o account_v he_o will_v go_v as_o well_o as_o he_o who_o have_v resolve_v with_o himself_o when_o to_o go_v which_o way_n and_o upon_o what_o occasion_n we_o speak_v in_o this_o whole_a discourse_n of_o the_o intention_n take_v the_o first_o way_n viz._n on_o the_o intention_n which_o look_v altogether_o upon_o the_o end_n and_o not_o on_o the_o mean_n &_o which_o be_v so_o take_v in_o the_o common_a use_n of_o speak_v but_o those_o word_n of_o the_o father_n and_o other_o divine_n which_o seem_v by_o the_o intention_n alone_o to_o measure_v the_o goodness_n or_o the_o badness_n of_o man_n action_n and_o which_o be_v ground_v on_o those_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n in_o relation_n to_o a_o single_a eye_n and_o to_o a_o eye_n that_o be_v evil_a do_v receive_v their_o intention_n in_o the_o latter_a signification_n as_o they_o include_v the_o mean_n with_o the_o end_n observable_a be_v that_o of_o st_n bernard_n that_o the_o eye_n say_v he_o be_v single_a two_o thing_n be_v necessary_a viz._n that_o truth_n be_v in_o the_o election_n and_o charity_n in_o the_o intention_n that_o be_v that_o our_o intention_n be_v absolute_o right_a both_o be_v require_v that_o so_o we_o may_v not_o propound_v unto_o ourselves_o such_o a_o end_n which_o be_v averse_a unto_o the_o love_n of_o god_n and_o of_o our_o neighbour_n and_o that_o we_o make_v not_o choice_n of_o any_o mean_n that_o be_v not_o join_v with_o honesty_n &_o righteousness_n in_o every_o work_n therefore_o we_o must_v not_o only_o look_v to_o propound_v unto_o ourselves_o a_o good_a end_n but_o we_o must_v withal_o endeavour_v to_o the_o end_n so_o propound_v by_o apt_a lawful_a &_o honest_a mean_n for_o see_v that_o the_o election_n of_o the_o mean_n or_o the_o medium_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o end_n &_o be_v so_o necessary_o join_v to_o it_o that_o in_o the_o respect_n thereof_o it_o have_v the_o place_n of_o a_o accident_n inseparable_a or_o a_o necessary_a circumstance_n 11._o animum_fw-la laudô_o consilium_fw-la reprehend●●_n cic._n 9_o add_v attic_a 11._o the_o schoolman_n do_v almost_o all_o of_o they_o conclude_v that_o a_o evil_a election_n do_v corrupt_v a_o intention_n that_o be_v otherwise_o good_a by_o render_v that_o evil_n which_o before_o be_v good_a in_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n as_o evil_a circumstance_n do_v corrupt_v those_o action_n to_o which_o they_o be_v retayner_n xii_o the_o four_o argument_n be_v take_v from_o the_o perfection_n and_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n for_o there_o be_v a_o law_n propound_v from_o god_n to_o man_n a_o most_o perfect_a law_n which_o command_v thing_n to_o be_v do_v and_o forbid_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v it_o have_v show_v unto_o thou_o o_o man_n what_o be_v good_a &_o what_o the_o lord_n require_v of_o thou_o mich._n 6._o 8._o this_o be_v the_o law_n which_o we_o must_v obey_v if_o we_o will_v fulfil_v our_o duty_n by_o this_o law_n we_o be_v command_v as_o the_o scripture_n every_o where_o do_v declare_v to_o do_v good_a and_o to_o eschew_v evil_a but_o if_o we_o on_o the_o contrary_a without_o the_o least_o regard_n to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n shall_v measure_v out_o unto_o ourselves_o thing_n to_o be_v avoid_v or_o perform_v according_a to_o our_o own_o profit_n and_o as_o we_o shall_v think_v good_a and_o shall_v either_o omit_v those_o good_a thing_n which_o god_n command_v to_o be_v do_v for_o the_o fear_n of_o some_o follow_a evil_n or_o shall_v commit_v those_o evil_a thing_n which_o god_n forbid_v for_o the_o vain_a hope_n of_o some_o good_a to_o come_v what_o be_v this_o but_o worm_n as_o we_o be_v to_o prefer_v our_o own_o counsel_n above_o the_o express_a will_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o flesh_n above_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a spirit_n far_o otherwise_o do_v that_o holy_a man_n david_n by_o thy_o precept_n say_v he_o have_v i_o get_v understanding_n therefore_o have_v i_o hate_v all_o unjust_a way_n psal_n 119._o 104._o as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v be_v instruct_v by_o thy_o law_n which_o both_o night_n and_o day_n be_v in_o my_o heart_n my_o mouth_n &_o before_o my_o eye_n i_o do_v plain_o understand_v what_o i_o have_v to_o do_v and_o what_o i_o have_v to_o eschew_v wherefore_o i_o do_v not_o only_o decline_v but_o hate_v every_o way_n which_o be_v not_o consentaneous_a to_o thy_o law_n whither_o soever_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o lead_v i_o therefore_o since_o every_o sin_n be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o that_o law_n of_o he_o contain_v not_o the_o least_o exception_n of_o any_o good_a intention_n or_o event_n and_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o distinguish_v where_o the_o law_n make_v no_o distinction_n nor_o to_o except_v where_o the_o law_n make_v no_o exception_n it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o he_o whosoever_o he_o be_v who_o for_o what_o intention_n or_o what_o cause_n soever_o it_o be_v do_v know_o and_o willing_o do_v that_o which_o be_v evil_a he_o do_v sin_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n xiii_o the_o five_o argument_n follow_v draw_v from_o the_o example_n of_o those_o who_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o good_a end_n be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o disobey_v the_o express_a commandment_n of_o god_n have_v satisfy_v his_o anger_n by_o the_o just_a punishment_n of_o their_o rashness_n and_o disobedience_n the_o prophet_n samuel_n be_v send_v to_o saul_n the_o king_n of_o israel_n who_o save_v some_o of_o the_o cattle_n of_o the_o amalekite_n which_o god_n have_v command_v shall_v be_v total_o destroy_v for_o no_o other_o end_n as_o he_o pretend_v than_o by_o the_o bulk_n and_o fatness_n of_o his_o sacrifice_n to_o make_v it_o the_o more_o acceptable_a the_o say_a prophet_n do_v lay_v before_o his_o eye_n the_o grievousness_n of_o his_o sin_n and_o for_o the_o punishment_n of_o so_o great_a a_o disobedience_n do_v prophesy_v

say_v to_o be_v unjust_a either_o as_o it_o be_v unfit_a or_o grievous_a to_o be_v bear_v or_o unlawful_a to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o first_o interpretation_n if_o it_o be_v unjust_a what_o by_o the_o law_n be_v command_v that_o be_v if_o it_o be_v unequitable_a and_o not_o dishonest_a yet_o if_o it_o be_v do_v it_o be_v the_o fault_n only_o of_o he_o who_o do_v command_v it_o he_o that_o obey_v the_o command_n be_v so_o far_o from_o fault_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o great_a transgressor_n if_o he_o do_v not_o obey_v it_o but_o in_o the_o latter_a sense_n if_o any_o thing_n what_o be_v command_v be_v unjust_a that_o be_v not_o only_o grievous_a to_o be_v bear_v but_o also_o shameful_a to_o be_v do_v and_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v do_v the_o sin_n lie_v heavy_a on_o both_o first_o on_o the_o magistrate_n who_o command_v a_o unjust_a thing_n second_o on_o the_o subject_a who_o act_v a_o unlawful_a one_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o conclusion_n be_v this_o wheresoever_o the_o law_n by_o its_o command_n do_v forbid_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v so_o necessary_a that_o it_o can_v be_v omit_v by_o the_o subject_a without_o sin_n or_o wheresoever_o the_o law_n do_v command_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v so_o unlawful_a that_o i●_n can_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n without_o sin_n that_o law_n do_v not_o oblige_v in_o conscience_n ix_o my_o first_o reason_n be_v 2._o de_fw-fr jura_fw-la praelec_fw-la 2._o because_o as_o elsewhere_o i_o have_v full_o explain_v there_o be_v no_o obligation_n for_o a_o unlawful_a act._n 13._o sect._n 13._o second_o because_o as_o there_o also_o i_o have_v express_v the_o first_o obligation_n do_v prejudge_v the_o follow_v insomuch_o that_o a_o new_a obligation_n contrary_a to_o the_o former_a can_v be_v superinduce_v now_o any_o law_n command_v a_o thing_n unlawful_a as_o homicide_n perjury_n sacrilege_n or_o forbid_v a_o necessary_a duty_n as_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n or_o the_o performance_n of_o our_o duty_n to_o our_o prince_n or_o parent_n etc._n etc._n do_v exact_a that_o of_o we_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o our_o former_a obligation_n by_o the_o virtue_n of_o which_o divine_a precept_n we_o be_v before_o oblige_v therefore_o that_o humane_a law_n can_v induce_v any_o obligation_n on_o we_o the_o three_o reason_n be_v because_o that_o no_o man_n can_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v oblige_v to_o contradictory_n but_o if_o that_o law_n be_v obligatory_a it_o will_v oblige_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o that_o thing_n which_o the_o law_n of_o god_n at_o the_o same_o time_n do_v oblige_v to_o the_o not_o performance_n of_o it_o now_o to_o do_v and_o not_o to_o do_v be_v contradictory_n the_o four_o reason_n be_v deduce_v from_o the_o example_n of_o godly_a man_n who_o have_v be_v always_o so_o instruct_v by_o the_o principle_n of_o their_o faith_n that_o with_o a_o cheerful_a spirit_n they_o have_v undertake_v and_o perform_v the_o grievous_a but_o not_o dishonest_a command_n of_o the_o emperor_n but_o if_o any_o thing_n though_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o law_n be_v require_v of_o they_o which_o be_v against_o faith_n or_o good_a manner_n or_o any_o way_n repugnant_a to_o common_a honesty_n they_o open_o and_o courageous_o do_v deny_v the_o command_n and_o for_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n despise_v all_o humane_a law_n and_o institution_n the_o decree_n be_v make_v at_o babylon_n that_o the_o consent_n of_o music_n be_v hear_v they_o all_o shall_v worship_v the_o great_a golden_a image_n which_o the_o most_o mighty_a monarch_n have_v set_v up_o and_o a_o most_o severe_a punishment_n threaten_v to_o those_o who_o shall_v do_v otherwise_o the_o three_o young_a man_n of_o the_o hebrew_n will_v not_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v oblige_v by_o that_o law_n dan._n 3._o because_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n the_o worship_v of_o a_o idol_n be_v command_v in_o the_o law_n again_o of_o the_o persian_n it_o be_v command_v that_o no_o man_n for_o certain_a day_n shall_v make_v a_o petition_n to_o any_o god_n or_o man_n for_o any_o thing_n but_o to_o the_o king_n of_o persian_n only_o daniel_n do_v not_o obey_v that_o law_n but_o as_o his_o custom_n be_v at_o his_o set_a hour_n he_o pray_v unto_o god_n dan._n 16._o and_o peter_n and_o john_n be_v forbid_v to_o speak_v any_o more_o in_o the_o name_n of_o jesus_n they_o not_o only_o disobey_v the_o command_n but_o confident_o answer_v whether_o it_o be_v right_a in_o the_o sight_n of_o god_n to_o obey_v you_o rather_o than_o god_n judge_v you_o acts._n 4._o the_o reason_n indeed_o be_v because_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v forbid_v be_v necessary_a viz._n the_o worship_n of_o the_o true_a god_n and_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o gospel_n commit_v to_o their_o chatge_n x._o the_o second_o conclusion_n the_o law_n of_o man_n prohibit_v a_o thing_n simple_o evil_a as_o theft_n adultery_n sacrilege_n or_o command_v a_o thing_n good_a and_o necessary_a as_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n the_o discharge_n of_o debt_n the_o honour_n of_o parent_n do_v induce_v a_o new_a obligation_n in_o the_o conscience_n my_o first_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o proper_a cause_n be_v give_v the_o necessary_a effect_n of_o it_o will_v follow_v unless_o it_o be_v hinder_v by_o some_o other_o mean_n but_o a_o obligation_n be_v so_o necessary_a a_o effect_n of_o the_o law_n that_o some_o have_v think_v that_o the_o very_a name_n of_o the_o law_n have_v receive_v its_o derivation_n from_o it_o as_o already_o i_o have_v mention_v and_o nothing_o seem_v to_o be_v here_o assign_v which_o may_v hinder_v the_o consecution_n of_o its_o effect_n the_o second_o reason_n be_v a_o minori_fw-la ad_fw-la majus_fw-la from_o the_o less_o to_o the_o great_a by_o the_o confession_n of_o all_o man_n a_o law_n prohibit_v a_o thing_n otherwise_o lawful_a or_o command_v a_o thing_n otherwise_o free_a do_v oblige_v therefore_o much_o more_o prohibit_v a_o thing_n unlawful_a or_o command_v a_o thing_n free_a but_o something_o there_o appear_v that_o may_v be_v object_v to_o both_o these_o reason_n viz._n non_fw-la esse_fw-la multiplicanda_fw-la entia_fw-la sine_fw-la necessitate_v being_n be_v not_o to_o be_v multiple_v without_o necessity_n for_o every_o man_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o what_o be_v necessary_a and_o the_o eschew_v of_o what_o be_v unlawful_a the_o same_o obligation_n do_v exclude_v that_o which_o we_o think_v to_o obtain_v by_o humane_a law_n as_o superfluous_a as_o water_v preaexistent_a in_o a_o full_a vessel_n do_v hinder_v the_o infusion_n of_o new_a moisture_n and_o it_o seem_v that_o two_o obligation_n to_o the_o same_o thing_n can_v no_o more_o be_v admit_v in_o one_o conscience_n than_o can_v two_o accident_n of_o the_o same_o species_n in_o one_o subject_a to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v usu●ly_o speak_v and_o indeed_o true_o enough_o obligationem_fw-la priorem_fw-la praejudicare_fw-la posteriori_fw-la the_o former_a obligation_n do_v prejudice_n and_o take_v place_n of_o the_o posterior_n which_o argument_n we_o ourselves_o have_v even_o now_o make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o former_a conclusion_n but_o this_o say_v have_v place_n only_o among_o those_o obligation_n which_o be_v destructive_a to_o one_o another_o and_o who_o effect_n have_v so_o great_a a_o contrariety_n and_o repugnancy_n among_o themselves_o that_o one_o be_v admit_v the_o other_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v take_v away_o notwithstanding_o this_o do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o another_o and_o a_o new_a obligation_n may_v come_v unto_o the_o former_a provide_v it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o reference_n and_o can_v be_v consistent_a with_o it_o neither_o in_o this_o consideration_n be_v that_o of_o any_o moment_n as_o be_v allege_v of_o water_n in_o a_o full_a vessel_n for_o the_o impediment_n why_o the_o full_a vessel_n admit_v of_o no_o more_o liquor_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o liquor_n but_o proceed_v from_o the_o incapacity_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n which_o can_v at_o once_o receive_v more_o body_n and_o nothing_o hinder_v but_o there_o may_v be_v many_o accident_n of_o the_o same_o species_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o subject_a provide_v they_o be_v relative_n and_o not_o absolute_a as_o suppose_v that_o socrates_n have_v ten_o son_n there_o must_v be_v in_o socrates_n ten_o paternity_n for_o relation_n be_v multiply_v according_a to_o the_o multiplication_n of_o their_o term_n and_o we_o say_v but_o even_o now_o that_o the_o law_n do_v oblige_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o term._n therefore_o see_v that_o every_o law_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o law_n be_v a_o inductive_a to_o a_o obligation_n there_o will_v be_v so_o

intention_n but_o unprofitable_a to_o the_o public_a nay_o in_o some_o sense_n obnoxious_a yet_o the_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v it_o provide_v it_o be_v make_v by_o just_a authority_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n or_o the_o thing_n command_v be_v such_o that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o sin_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v careful_a and_o diligent_a in_o the_o performance_n of_o that_o which_o belong_v to_o his_o own_o part_n 5._o gal._n 6._o 5._o and_o not_o too_o scrupulous_a of_o what_o concern_v another_o for_o every_o man_n shall_v bear_v his_o own_o burden_n if_o a_o lawgiver_n shall_v be_v want_v in_o his_o duty_n what_o be_v that_o to_o you_o do_v you_o perform_v your_o office_n howsoever_o as_o for_o his_o intention_n whether_o they_o be_v right_a or_o not_o let_v himself_o look_v to_o it_o for_o he_o must_v give_v to_o god_n a_o account_n of_o all_o his_o action_n and_o intention_n and_o do_v you_o look_v to_o yourself_o for_o if_o you_o shall_v refuse_v to_o obey_v he_o you_o shall_v give_v to_o the_o same_o god_n a_o account_n of_o your_o disobedience_n xii_o the_o four_o doubt_n of_o the_o change_a of_o law_n if_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v unprofitable_a or_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n whether_o and_o how_o far_o the_o change_n of_o they_o be_v either_o to_o be_v attempt_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o to_o be_v require_v and_o urge_v by_o the_o people_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o doubt_n in_o one_o respect_n be_v because_o in_o a_o body_n civil_a as_o in_o a_o body_n natural_a every_o change_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v sudden_a and_o great_a be_v dangerous_a and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n because_o it_o concern_v the_o commonwealth_n that_o the_o law_n be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o time_n and_o custom_n 128._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aristot_n 4._o phys_n text_n 128._o and_o if_o the_o one_o do_v change_v that_o the_o other_o be_v change_v with_o they_o for_o answer_v to_o this_o i_o say_v in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o law_n may_v be_v change_v yea_o and_o sometime_o that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v change_v for_o they_o have_v heretofore_o be_v change_v with_o great_a profit_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n therefore_o they_o may_v now_o be_v change_v again_o and_o may_v be_v so_o in_o all_o future_a time_n if_o occasion_n shall_v require_v &_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o why_o may_v not_o that_o be_v lawful_a to_o be_v do_v again_o which_o have_v be_v lawful_a heretofore_o there_o be_v every_o day_n new_a emergency_n new_a inconvenience_n new_a evil_n and_o if_o there_o be_v not_o new_a law_n make_v to_o redress_v they_o there_o will_v be_v no_o remedy_n 2._o arist_n 2._o and_o all_o man_n say_v aristotle_n seek_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 8._o polit._n 8._o and_o if_o heretofore_o it_o be_v expedient_a that_o a_o law_n shall_v be_v make_v because_o it_o be_v profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n it_o be_v find_v afterward_o by_o the_o change_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o time_n and_o manner_n to_o become_v unprofitable_a why_o be_v it_o not_o expedient_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o again_o xiii_o i_o say_v in_o the_o second_o place_n that_o the_o change_n of_o particular_a law_n be_v not_o without_o danger_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v attempt_v unless_o it_o be_v upon_o some_o great_a and_o urgent_a necessity_n aristotle_n acute_o and_o brief_o as_o his_o custom_n be_v produce_v divers_a reason_n 2._o poli._n 8._o these_o three_o be_v the_o chief_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d these_o often_o change_n do_v very_o much_o derogate_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o lawgiver_n as_o we_o conceive_v that_o person_n to_o be_v of_o a_o very_a slender_a and_o weak_a judgement_n who_o for_o no_o sound_n or_o evident_a reason_n be_v easy_o enduce_v to_o change_v his_o opinion_n second_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o make_v the_o people_n wanton_a and_o petulant_a this_o be_v true_a enough_o we_o not_o long_o since_o have_v have_v the_o experience_n of_o it_o and_o apt_a to_o fly_v at_o any_o thing_n if_o they_o shall_v find_v their_o lawgiver_n easy_a on_o this_o account_n and_o depart_v from_o his_o own_o right_a to_o humour_v the_o vote_n and_o unsatisfy_a desire_n of_o the_o people_n therefore_o the_o chief_a philosopher_n most_o grave_o and_o deserve_o do_v reprove_v the_o law_n of_o hippodamus_n a_o lawmaker_n of_o miletum_n viz._n that_o whosoever_o have_v discover_v or_o find_v out_o something_o profitable_a to_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v recompense_v for_o his_o good_a service_n with_o a_o public_a reward_n this_o law_n be_v specious_a enough_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n and_o plausible_a to_o the_o people_n but_o look_v thorough_o into_o it_o and_o you_o will_v find_v nothing_o in_o it_o either_o of_o prudence_n or_o safety_n or_o advantage_n for_o what_o can_v be_v find_v more_o dangerous_a to_o disturb_v the_o public_a peace_n than_o that_o factious_a man_n and_o of_o a_o turbulent_a and_o cunning_a spirit_n under_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o public_a good_a shall_v not_o only_o occasion_v the_o subversion_n of_o the_o law_n but_o also_o call_v in_o question_n the_o form_n of_o the_o whole_a civil_a government_n and_o obtrude_v unto_o the_o state_n a_o new_a idea_n of_o government_n according_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o their_o own_o invention_n do_v you_o hear_v i_o beseech_v you_o a_o philosopher_n famous_a in_o his_o time_n or_o rather_o a_o prophet_n and_o a_o foreteller_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o the_o time_n in_o which_o now_o we_o live_v 2._o grau●ora_fw-la inserre_fw-la vulnera_fw-la dum_fw-la mino●●bus_fw-la mede●i_fw-la defy_v amus_fw-la ambros_n 2._o o●sic_n 2._o three_o the_o innovation_n of_o law_n be_v ordain_v for_o the_o remove_n of_o some_o present_a inconvenience_n and_o be_v it_o may_v come_v to_o pass_v and_o oftentimes_o it_o do_v so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o from_o this_o sudden_a immutation_n many_o and_o more_o grievous_a inconvenience_n may_v arise_v though_o not_o peradventure_o at_o the_o first_o discover_v the_o most_o grave_a philosopher_n do_v judge_v it_o to_o be_v far_o safe_a to_o tolerate_v &_o endure_v some_o inconvenience_n and_o those_o not_o slight_a one_o neither_o in_o a_o common_a wealth_n which_o may_v be_v avouch_v of_o the_o church_n also_o which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n than_o in_o pretence_n of_o reformation_n either_o ecclesiastical_a or_o political_a to_o cancel_v old_a law_n &_o statute_n &_o turn_v all_o thing_n upside_o down_o of_o a_o far_a different_a judgement_n to_o those_o of_o our_o time_n be_v the_o wise_a man_n of_o former_a age_n who_o rule_n &_o principle_n be_v as_o be_v here_o these_o follow_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d malum_fw-la benè_fw-la positum_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la movendum_fw-la imperiti_fw-la medici_fw-la est_fw-la pejus_fw-la malo_fw-la remedium_fw-la adhibere_fw-la a_o evil_a well_o place_v be_v not_o to_o be_v remove_v it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o unskilful_a physician_n to_o apply_v a_o remedy_n worse_o than_o the_o disease_n fourteen_o i_o say_v in_o the_o three_o place_n that_o although_o the_o change_n of_o law_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v necessary_a by_o reason_n of_o some_o great_a and_o evident_a cause_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v attempt_v by_o the_o people_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o modest_o they_o be_v to_o crave_v and_o patient_o to_o expect_v it_o of_o he_o and_o this_o may_v apt_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o analogy_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o member_n for_o how_o like_o a_o monster_n be_v it_o and_o destructive_a to_o the_o whole_a body_n if_o the_o arm_n the_o breast_n or_o the_o foot_n shall_v assume_v unto_o themselves_o the_o office_n of_o the_o head_n this_o be_v abundant_o enough_o demonstrate_v in_o those_o thing_n which_o not_o long_o since_o we_o declare_v to_o you_o when_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o law_n viz._n that_o the_o principal_a act_n of_o jurisdiction_n can_v be_v exercise_v but_o by_o he_o only_o who_o be_v the_o head_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o whole_a commonalty_n therefore_o the_o constitution_n the_o abrogation_n and_o any_o immutation_n of_o law_n whatsoever_o which_o be_v all_o of_o they_o the_o principal_a act_n of_o the_o chief_a jurisdiction_n can_v pertain_v unto_o the_o people_n unless_o where_o the_o people_n be_v prince_n as_o in_o a_o state_n democratical_a but_o to_o he_o only_o who_o do_v exercise_v a_o sovereignty_n of_o dominion_n over_o the_o whole_a commonalty_n in_o a_o state_n monarchical_a and_o who_o have_v the_o undoubted_a power_n of_o a_o transcendent_a command_n by_o himself_o in_o a_o business_n of_o so_o great_a a_o importance_n the_o duty_n of_o the_o people_n be_v these_o

sincere_o and_o open_o but_o with_o all_o due_a reverence_n to_o present_v their_o just_a grievance_n to_o their_o prince_n and_o faithful_o to_o lay_v before_o he_o with_o what_o present_a remedy_n they_o may_v cure_v those_o evil_n that_o oppress_v they_o and_o humble_o to_o beseech_v he_o that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o condescend_v to_o the_o petion_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o he_o shall_v judge_v it_o to_o be_v most_o safe_a and_o advantageous_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o confirm_v the_o grant_n of_o they_o with_o his_o royal_a hand_n and_o if_o he_o be_v thus_o petition_v to_o shall_v refuse_v they_o be_v to_o desist_v for_o that_o time_n from_o their_o purpose_n and_o to_o be_v content_a with_o their_o present_a affair_n and_o law_n and_o that_o without_o all_o murmur_a or_o the_o least_o sign_n of_o force_n until_o their_o prince_n be_v thorough_o persuade_v by_o his_o council_n and_o entreaty_n of_o some_o friend_n or_o induce_v by_o the_o argument_n of_o reason_n shall_v renounce_v that_o pertinaciousnesse_n of_o his_o spirit_n and_o give_v a_o open_a ear_n to_o the_o desire_n of_o his_o subject_n xv._o the_o five_o doubt_n see_v that_o the_o common_a good_a be_v not_o only_o the_o end_n of_o the_o law_n but_o of_o the_o whole_a politic_a government_n be_v it_o lawful_a out_o of_o any_o foresight_n or_o pretence_n of_o the_o common_a good_a to_o change_v the_o present_a form_n of_o government_n or_o to_o attempt_v the_o change_n thereof_o and_o how_o far_o and_o to_o who_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o example_n sake_n be_v it_o lawful_a for_o the_o people_n to_o change_v a_o monarchical_a government_n into_o a_o aristocratical_a or_o into_o a_o democratical_a or_o on_o the_o contrary_a a_o question_n of_o great_a difficulty_n &_o concernment_n especial_o in_o these_o time_n &_o manner_n in_o which_o we_o live_v for_o my_o part_n i_o will_v faithful_o represent_v unto_o you_o what_o i_o think_v of_o it_o and_o will_v leave_v unto_o every_o man_n the_o liberty_n to_o think_v what_o he_o please_v i_o suppose_v only_o what_o be_v already_o grant_v by_o many_o and_o what_o can_v easy_o be_v deny_v dviz_o that_o a_o monarchy_n by_o inheritance_n or_o a_o successive_a kingdom_n be_v absolute_o the_o best_a among_o all_o the_o form_n of_o commonwealth_n and_o high_o to_o be_v prefer_v above_o the_o other_o two_o this_o be_v grant_v i_o think_v in_o the_o first_o place_n that_o the_o people_n if_o they_o please_v may_v change_v a_o democratical_a into_o a_o aristocratical_a or_o into_o a_o monarchical_a government_n first_o because_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o change_n for_o the_o better_a moreover_o in_o democracy_n the_o chief_a command_n be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n so_o that_o they_o may_v determine_v of_o themselves_o as_o they_o themselves_o please_v provide_v that_o no_o injury_n be_v do_v to_o any_o man_n now_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o by_o this_o change_n no_o injury_n be_v do_v by_o the_o people_n unto_o any_o one_o it_o can_v be_v to_o any_o other_o for_o no_o injury_n can_v be_v do_v to_o any_o man_n in_o any_o thing_n to_o which_o he_o have_v no_o right_a neither_o can_v any_o injury_n be_v do_v herein_o to_o themselves_o who_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n do_v make_v this_o change_n for_o no_o injury_n can_v be_v ever_o do_v to_o a_o willing_a person_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i_o think_v in_o the_o second_o place_n that_o for_o all_o these_o reason_n the_o peer_n of_o a_o land_n also_o may_v turn_v their_o aristocratical_a government_n 5._o arist_n 5._o into_o a_o monarchical_a one_o for_o it_o be_v a_o change_n into_o the_o better_a 〈◊〉_d ethic._n 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o so_o do_v no_o injury_n be_v do_v to_o any_o man_n but_o i_o can_v so_o easy_o resolve_v you_o this_o doubt_n whether_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o convert_v a_o aristocracy_n into_o a_o democracy_n for_o although_o they_o have_v power_n to_o do_v it_o and_o it_o may_v be_v do_v by_o they_o without_o any_o injury_n yet_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v a_o commutation_n into_o a_o better_a state_n three_o i_o believe_v that_o the_o monarchy_n of_o a_o elective_a kingdom_n may_v be_v change_v peradventure_o into_o any_o form_n of_o government_n but_o especial_o into_o a_o hereditary_a and_o a_o successive_a kingdom_n and_o that_o for_o almost_o the_o same_o reason_n above_o allege_v nevertheless_o this_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v do_v unless_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o death_n of_o he_o that_o last_o reign_v be_v vacant_a for_o otherwise_o it_o will_v be_v a_o injury_n to_o the_o present_a king_n and_o second_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v do_v unless_o by_o the_o joint_a consent_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o people_n and_o of_o those_o person_n who_o have_v the_o right_n of_o elect_v i_o think_v fourthly_a that_o a_o monarchy_n by_o inheritance_n can_v lawful_o be_v change_v into_o a_o elective_a kingdom_n or_o into_o any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n either_o by_o the_o people_n alone_o or_o by_o the_o joint_a consent_n of_o people_n peer_n and_o king_n which_o be_v the_o whole_a people_n in_o their_o great_a latitude_n unless_o peradventure_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o defect_n in_o the_o royal_a progeny_n that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o they_o remain_v to_o challenge_v the_o kingdom_n due_a by_o inheritance_n to_o he_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v first_o because_o according_a to_o our_o former_a supposition_n it_o be_v a_o change_n from_o a_o better_a to_o a_o worse_o second_o because_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o exchange_n a_o apparent_a injury_n will_v be_v do_v to_o the_o lawful_a heir_n three_o because_o that_o not_o only_o the_o exchange_n but_o because_o such_o a_o desire_n and_o endeavour_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o word_n of_o solomon_n prov._n 24._o 21._o my_o son_n fear_n god_n and_o the_o king_n and_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o they_o who_o affect_v new_a thing_n what_o before_o i_o say_v i_o must_v in_o this_o place_n again_o repeat_v viz._n i_o do_v not_o urge_v this_o as_o too_o confident_o to_o affirm_v it_o or_o to_o cause_v a_o disputation_n with_o any_o man_n in_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o particular_a if_o he_o be_v of_o another_o judgement_n xvi_o the_o six_o doubt_n how_o may_v that_o be_v understand_v which_o so_o common_o be_v speak_v salus_fw-la p●puli_fw-la est_fw-la suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o supreme_a law_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o doubt_n do_v proceed_v from_o that_o which_o we_o propound_v and_o prove_v in_o the_o beginning_n viz._n that_o the_o end_n of_o law_n be_v the_o public_a good_a from_o hence_o on_o one_o side_n it_o seem_v to_o follow_v that_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v depend_v on_o the_o strict_a observance_n of_o the_o law_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o all_o observance_n of_o the_o law_n ought_v to_o give_v place_n to_o the_o 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word_n body_n may_v itself_o collective_o as_o it_o signify_v the_o whole_a commonalty_n of_o the_o republic_n that_o be_v both_o king_n and_o subject_n and_o discretive_o as_o it_o signify_v the_o subject_n precise_o by_o themselves_o and_o sever_v from_o the_o king_n as_o when_o we_o say_v the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n so_o in_o the_o word_n body_n sometime_o the_o other_o member_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v with_o the_o head_n as_o when_o we_o say_v the_o soul_n and_o the_o body_n and_o sometime_o the_o member_n only_o be_v precise_o to_o be_v understand_v &_o the_o head_n to_o be_v take_v by_o its_o self_n as_o when_o we_o say_v the_o head_n and_o the_o body_n xvii_o first_o therefore_o i_o say_v that_o most_o precise_o and_o by_o a_o very_a evil_a counsel_n that_o be_v wrest_v