disturbance_n of_o the_o spirit_n hinder_v our_o hear_n whilst_o it_o be_v again_o appease_v again_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o this_o implant_v air_n shall_v be_v immoovable_a by_o itself_o or_o of_o it_o own_o nature_n that_o it_o may_v exact_o receive_v all_o the_o difference_n of_o sound_n of_o motion_n say_v immooveable_a immooveable_a aristotle_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr aniwa_n other_o say_v it_o be_v immooveable_a because_o it_o be_v not_o move_v by_o any_o other_o but_o remain_v always_o the_o same_o in_o the_o ear_n other_o because_o it_o have_v no_o natural_a sound_n but_o be_v fit_a to_o receive_v all_o difference_n of_o sound_n say_v laurentius_n but_o that_o the_o inward_a air_n ought_v to_o be_v quiet_a and_o immoovable_a may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o indisposition_n we_o have_v in_o our_o hear_n when_o we_o be_v trouble_v with_o hiss_v or_o sing_v noise_n in_o our_o head_n yet_o be_v this_o air_n mooveable_a not_o of_o it_o own_o accord_n but_o because_o it_o be_v move_v movable_a how_o it_o be_v movable_a with_o the_o least_o impulsion_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n and_o be_v stir_v with_o local_a motion_n for_o when_o the_o outward_a air_n move_v the_o membrane_n of_o the_o drum_n the_o internal_a air_n be_v also_o move_v that_o it_o may_v receive_v a_o form_n like_o to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o sound_n which_o be_v make_v it_o be_v plentiful_a for_o plenty_n be_v require_v for_o the_o full_a reception_n of_o the_o sound_n some_o say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v able_a to_o receive_v many_o sound_n offer_v unto_o it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o placentinus_n say_v plentiful_a plentiful_a it_o do_v not_o receive_v many_o sound_n because_o of_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o because_o each_o sound_n be_v receive_v by_o every_o little_a particle_n thereof_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o external_a air_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n air_n separate_a from_o the_o outward_a air_n lest_o the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v shall_v be_v offend_v for_o if_o the_o external_a air_n shall_v have_v get_v into_o the_o inward_a air_n if_o it_o have_v be_v either_o too_o cold_a or_o too_o hot_a it_o will_v have_v violate_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n and_o by_o continuity_n the_o after-braine_n also_o and_o the_o brain_n itself_o moreover_o if_o the_o external_a air_n shall_v have_v be_v immediate_o join_v and_o commix_v with_o the_o internal_a see_v the_o external_a be_v in_o perpetual_a motion_n thick_a impure_a oftentimes_o also_o smoky_a and_o full_a of_o small_a creature_n it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v avoid_v but_o that_o the_o hear_v will_v thereby_o have_v be_v impair_v if_o not_o perish_v for_o the_o inbred_a air_n also_o will_v have_v become_v thick_a smoky_a and_o also_o fill_v with_o those_o small_a animal_n it_o will_v also_o have_v sometime_o happen_v in_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n that_o the_o inbred_a air_n and_o with_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n must_v have_v be_v shoulder_v out_o of_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v quite_o ram_v up_o furthermore_o this_o benefit_n we_o have_v by_o the_o membrane_n that_o separate_v the_o external_a from_o the_o implant_v air_n that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v under_o water_n the_o water_n can_v pierce_v into_o his_o head_n or_o take_v away_o his_o sense_n of_o hear_v as_o those_o diverse_a find_v by_o experience_n who_o for_o fish_n or_o pearl_n or_o any_o such_o like_a occasion_n do_v use_v to_o dive_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n neither_o be_v this_o implant_v air_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n that_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v of_o but_o have_v only_o a_o similitude_n therewith_o which_o we_o may_v gather_v out_o of_o these_o word_n of_o galen_n neither_o air_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o implant_v air_n be_v every_o instrument_n of_o sense_n change_v alter_v or_o affect_v by_o every_o sensible_a object_n but_o that_o which_o be_v bright_a and_o lightsome_a be_v alter_v by_o colour_n that_o which_o be_v airy_a by_o sound_n that_o which_o be_v vaporous_a by_o odour_n and_o in_o a_o word_n that_o which_o be_v like_a be_v familiar_a to_o his_o like_a wherefore_o we_o esteem_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o air_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o also_o be_v airy_a and_o that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o manner_n of_o the_o conservation_n and_o refection_n of_o spirit_n like_o the_o animal_n spirit_n the_o one_o and_o of_o the_o other_o for_o this_o implant_v air_n be_v successive_o generate_v and_o again_o dissipate_v as_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v continual_o spend_v in_o the_o animal_n action_n and_o again_o every_o day_n regenerate_v in_o like_a manner_n this_o air_n that_o be_v breed_v in_o the_o ear_n be_v at_o least_o a_o part_n of_o it_o continual_o dissipate_v and_o generate_v again_o for_o if_o it_o shall_v altogether_o be_v exhaust_v restore_v how_o nourish_v and_o restore_v or_o spend_v we_o shall_v utter_o loose_v our_o hear_n now_o it_o be_v strengthen_v and_o have_v his_o refection_n from_o the_o air_n which_o we_o draw_v in_o by_o our_o nostril_n and_o through_o our_o mouth_n especial_o by_o that_o which_o enter_v at_o the_o mouth_n for_o there_o be_v a_o patent_n and_o open_a passage_n through_o the_o canale_n which_o we_o have_v before_o speak_v of_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o ear_n by_o which_o passage_n also_o we_o say_v before_o that_o the_o ear_n be_v purge_v simplicius_n the_o philosopher_n have_v deliver_v not_o that_o this_o air_n be_v like_o the_o animal_n spirit_n coyter_v simplicius_n coyter_v but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n animate_v or_o have_v a_o life_n of_o it_o own_o whereby_o it_o subsi_v coiter_v call_v it_o a_o part_n of_o the_o soul_n archangelus_n conceive_v that_o it_o be_v nourish_v by_o blood_n who_o opinion_n we_o will_v here_o set_v down_o that_o those_o that_o list_n may_v judge_v of_o it_o archangelus_n a_o passage_n out_o of_o archangelus_n the_o airy_a body_n say_v he_o be_v nourish_v by_o blood_n bring_v by_o the_o vein_n and_o that_o per_fw-la diadosin_n that_o be_v by_o transumption_n as_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v nourish_v by_o be_v what_o diadosis_n or_o transumption_n be_v the_o glassy_a humour_n by_o this_o diadosis_n or_o transumption_n for_o there_o redound_v out_o of_o the_o glassy_a humour_n as_o much_o as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o crystalline_a like_a as_o the_o glassy_a humour_n transume_v from_o the_o membrane_n call_v aranea_fw-la or_o the_o cobweb_n a_o aliment_n accommodate_v and_o proportionable_a to_o itself_o and_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v after_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o coat_n call_v aranea_fw-la or_o the_o cobweb_n there_o be_v vein_n by_o who_o blood_n it_o be_v nourish_v after_o the_o cobweb_n be_v satisfy_v that_o which_o redound_v or_o be_v superfluous_a be_v transume_v by_o the_o glassy_a humour_n when_o the_o glassy_a humour_n be_v satisfy_v with_o norishment_n that_o which_o remain_v be_v transume_v by_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n as_o a_o fit_a nourishment_n for_o it_o so_o that_o the_o crystalline_a be_v nourish_v by_o a_o aliment_n prepare_v by_o the_o vitrious_a humour_n &_o the_o vitrious_a or_o glassy_a humour_n be_v nourish_v by_o a_o aliment_n prepare_v by_o the_o cobweb_n to_o wit_n either_o of_o the_o other_o superfluity_n or_o leave_n nourish_v how_o the_o air_n be_v nourish_v the_o same_o happen_v in_o the_o airy_a instrument_n of_o hear_v for_o the_o membrane_n that_o invest_v it_o receive_v vein_n and_o be_v nourish_v with_o their_o blood_n that_o which_o abound_v beside_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o membrane_n be_v now_o far_o alter_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o blood_n be_v attract_v and_o transume_v by_o that_o airy_n body_n into_o his_o proper_a nourishment_n but_o that_o this_o instrument_n of_o hear_v may_v have_v not_o only_o venal_a nourishment_n but_o arterial_a life_n also_o and_o with_o it_o all_o the_o part_n that_o be_v subordinate_a and_o minister_a to_o it_o there_o be_v certain_a artery_n which_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v thus_o far_o archan_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o this_o implant_v air_n our_o author_n be_v full_a of_o diversity_n aristotle_n air_n the_o use_n of_o this_o air_n in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la call_v it_o audiendi_fw-la sensorium_fw-la the_o very_a sense_n of_o aristotle_n diverse_a opinion_n aristotle_n hear_v itself_o and_o true_o the_o ancient_n have_v all_o deliver_v that_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o aristotle_n say_v
that_o the_o nature_n of_o hear_v be_v airy_a mundinus_n say_v there_o be_v a_o audible_a spirit_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o stonybone_n which_o be_v the_o mundinus_n mundinus_n instrument_n of_o hear_v carpus_n thus_o the_o implant_v air_n receyve_v the_o species_n or_o form_n which_o be_v bring_v carpus_n carpus_n to_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v varolius_fw-la the_o include_v airy_a spirit_n be_v the_o proper_a instrument_n of_o hear_v archangelus_n varolius_fw-la coiter_v archangelus_n coiter_v this_o air_n be_v the_o first_o and_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v yea_o a_o part_n of_o the_o soul_n archangelus_n it_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a instrument_n of_o hear_v which_o the_o faculty_n use_v in_o the_o perception_n of_o sound_n and_o voice_n and_o in_o judge_v of_o they_o aquapendens_fw-la the_o office_n of_o this_o air_n be_v to_o receive_v outward_a and_o external_a sound_n &_o so_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a author_n of_o hear_v aquapendens_fw-la aquapendens_fw-la placentinus_n it_o be_v the_o matter_n which_o receyve_v the_o sound_n the_o medium_fw-la wherethrough_a it_o be_v transport_v for_o after_o it_o have_v receyve_v a_o sound_n it_o do_v not_o conceyve_v it_o or_o judge_v of_o placentinus_n placentinus_n it_o as_o be_v a_o thing_n inanimate_v now_o no_o action_n of_o the_o soul_n can_v be_v perform_v by_o that_o which_o be_v not_o animate_v laurentius_n this_o air_n be_v exceed_o necessary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v without_o which_o i_o can_v laurentius_n laurentius_n scarce_o conceive_v how_o we_o shall_v hear_v at_o all_o but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v i_o can_v never_o be_v persuade_v especial_o because_o it_o be_v not_o animate_v but_o rather_o i_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o internal_a medium_fw-la final_o our_o author_n bauhine_n set_v down_o the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o these_o term_n this_o air_n the_o faculty_n of_o hear_v use_v as_o a_o internal_a medium_fw-la for_o the_o susception_n and_o transvection_n bauhine_v bauhine_v or_o transportation_n of_o sound_v and_o voice_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n by_o it_o to_o be_v discern_v like_v as_o in_o all_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o other_o sense_n there_o be_v require_v a_o double_a medium_fw-la the_o one_o outward_a the_o other_o inward_a inward_a as_o in_o the_o sight_n the_o watery_a humour_n in_o the_o taste_n the_o spittle_n in_o the_o smell_v the_o spongy_a bone_n in_o the_o touch_v the_o skin_n be_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la a_o inward_a &_o a_o outward_a medium_fw-la medium_fw-la although_o i_o know_v laurentius_n will_v have_v it_o the_o cuticle_n in_o which_o the_o form_n or_o idea_n of_o thing_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o so_o naked_a be_v transport_v unto_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n the_o implant_v air_n be_v gather_v in_o the_o inward_a ear_n to_o receive_v the_o abstract_a form_n of_o the_o sound_n and_o to_o transport_v they_o or_o convey_v they_o unto_o the_o sense_n again_o as_o in_o all_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v distinct_a and_o a_o hear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o chief_a organ_n of_o hear_v differ_a thing_n from_o the_o principal_a organ_n to_o which_o the_o action_n particular_o belong_v as_o in_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n the_o watery_a humour_n be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la but_o the_o chrystaline_a the_o principal_a part_n receive_v the_o representation_n but_o not_o judge_v of_o they_o so_o in_o the_o hear_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v this_o implant_v air_n but_o the_o principal_a part_n be_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o judge_v of_o the_o idea_n but_o conduct_v it_o to_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v to_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o hear_v and_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o sound_v consider_v that_o to_o entreat_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o hear_v belong_v rather_o to_o a_o philosopher_n then_o to_o anatomist_n we_o will_v be_v but_o brief_a herein_o yet_o something_o we_o think_v good_a to_o say_v because_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n the_o ear_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v and_o the_o action_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la three_o thing_n require_v to_o sensation_n object_n definition_n of_o a_o sound_n medium_fw-la sense_n of_o hear_v unto_o this_o sense_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n require_v a_o object_n a_o medium_fw-la and_o a_o instrument_n the_o object_n be_v that_o which_o be_v audible_a that_o be_v all_z sounds_z a_o sound_n be_v a_o quality_n yssue_v out_o of_o the_o air_n coiter_v add_v or_o the_o water_n beat_v by_o sudden_a and_o forcible_a collision_n or_o concurrence_n of_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n and_o those_o smooth_a concavous_a and_o large_a this_o definition_n we_o will_v labot_n to_o explain_v in_o this_o follow_a discourse_n the_o medium_fw-la be_v either_o externall_n or_o internal_a the_o externall_n medium_fw-la according_a to_o aristotle_n be_v air_n or_o water_n but_o in_o water_n the_o sound_n be_v but_o dull_a as_o a_o man_n may_v perceive_v when_o his_o head_n be_v under_o water_n yet_o they_o say_v that_o fish_n can_v hear_v in_o the_o water_n very_o well_o as_o they_o can_v assure_v we_o that_o use_n in_o the_o night_n time_n to_o fish_n for_o mullet_n and_o although_o the_o water_n go_v into_o the_o water_n do_v make_v a_o sound_n yet_o this_o sound_n be_v make_v in_o the_o air_n and_o by_o the_o interposition_n thereof_o though_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o water_n the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v the_o implant_v air_n conclude_v within_o the_o den_n or_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n the_o instrument_n although_o we_o may_v say_v it_o be_v the_o whole_a inward_a ear_n furnish_v instrument_n furnish_v 3._o instrument_n with_o his_o cavity_n and_o other_o particle_n above_o express_v and_o although_o that_o general_o the_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n do_v determine_v that_o the_o inbred_a air_n be_v the_o especial_a and_o proper_a organ_n of_o hear_v because_o as_o in_o the_o eye_n the_o chrystaline_a receive_v the_o object_n that_o be_v the_o light_n so_o this_o inbred_a air_n receive_v the_o sound_n yet_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o not_o this_o air_n but_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v the_o principal_a instrument_n for_o we_o think_v with_o galen_n that_o not_o only_o the_o alteration_n or_o reception_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o inbred_a air_n be_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v but_o also_o the_o dignotion_n or_o judgement_n of_o that_o alteration_n wherefore_o sound_v and_o voice_n be_v transfer_v by_o this_o air_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n as_o unto_o the_o substance_n that_o be_v apprehensive_a and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o common_a sense_n where_o they_o be_v exquisite_o judge_v off_o for_o if_o they_o must_v be_v know_v and_o perceive_v then_o must_v they_o touch_v some_o substance_n endue_v with_o sense_n because_o all_o action_n be_v by_o contaction_n now_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n be_v not_o transport_v out_o of_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o sound_n shall_v apply_v itself_o to_o the_o eare._n the_o sound_n be_v generate_v of_o hard_a body_n mutual_o strike_v one_o another_o as_o of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n for_o soft_a body_n do_v easy_o yield_v not_o resist_v the_o force_n that_o be_v offer_v unto_o they_o make_v how_o sound_n be_v make_v and_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o air_n as_o in_o his_o matter_n this_o air_n accompany_v the_o sound_n and_o carry_v it_o as_o it_o be_v on_o his_o wing_n for_o as_o the_o air_n be_v move_v so_o also_o be_v the_o sound_v carry_v as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o a_o ring_n of_o bell_n far_o off_o from_o we_o for_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v towards_o we_o we_o shall_v hear_v they_o very_o loud_o again_o when_o the_o air_n be_v whiff_v another_o way_n the_o sound_n also_o of_o the_o bell_n will_v be_v take_v from_o us._n so_o also_o when_o two_o hard_a body_n be_v smite_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o we_o see_v the_o purcussion_n before_o we_o hear_v the_o sound_n for_o we_o do_v not_o hear_v the_o sound_n before_o the_o air_n that_o be_v move_v do_o bring_v the_o sound_n with_o it_o to_o our_o ear_n neither_o be_v that_o motion_n make_v in_o a_o moment_n but_o in_o time_n and_o be_v carry_v swift_a or_o slow_a as_o the_o percussion_n of_o of_o the_o resist_a body_n be_v more_o or_o less_o vehement_a and_o quick_a for_o this_o the_o philosopher_n require_v in_o sound_n and_o consequent_o the_o repercussion_n or_o repulse_n of_o the_o air_n so_o we_o see_v in_o a_o drum_n if_o the_o skin_n or_o vellum_n be_v moist_a and_o lax_n either_o they_o will_v not_o sound_v at_o all_o or_o they_o make_v but_o a_o dull_a noise_n the_o
and_o the_o inward_a heat_n dissipate_v which_o be_v wont_a to_o move_v and_o solicit_v the_o appetite_n which_o also_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o every_o man_n in_o winter_n eat_v more_o than_o he_o do_v in_o summer_n or_o we_o may_v say_v that_o they_o be_v dry_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o so_o become_v thirsty_a and_o drink_v often_o insomuch_o that_o the_o stomach_n be_v relax_v or_o loosen_v by_o the_o moisture_n of_o drink_n become_v languide_v and_o so_o the_o appetite_n be_v break_v or_o we_o may_v say_v further_o that_o be_v very_o dry_v they_o can_v be_v hungry_a because_o aristotle_n say_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n a_o man_n shall_v vehement_o desire_v both_o meat_n and_o drink_n it_o be_v further_a object_v that_o as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sens_n &_o objection_n objection_n sensi_fw-la which_o also_o be_v prove_v true_a by_o experience_n that_o when_o we_o be_v full_a we_o loathe_v the_o smell_n of_o meat_n but_o delight_n in_o the_o smell_n of_o spice_n and_o rose_n if_o therefore_o the_o odour_n of_o meat_n do_v not_o nourish_v a_o full_a stomach_n will_v no_o more_o abhor_v the_o odour_n of_o meat_n then_o of_o rose_n or_o spice_n solution_n solution_n but_o we_o answer_v that_o this_o satiety_n happen_v not_o because_o of_o the_o odour_n but_o because_o of_o the_o steam_n or_o exhalation_n wherein_o the_o odour_n be_v for_o we_o grant_v that_o such_o a_o steam_n may_v in_o some_o sort_n nourish_v but_o the_o odour_n of_o rose_n which_o have_v for_o his_o subject_n a_o more_o subtle_a exhalation_n be_v better_a please_v unto_o we_o especial_o because_o their_o smell_n be_v very_o fragrant_a and_o acceptable_a whereas_o the_o smell_n of_o meat_n be_v never_o please_v but_o when_o we_o be_v a_o hungry_a we_o conclude_v therefore_o with_o aristotle_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o odour_n do_v not_o at_o all_o nourish_v other_o dispute_v more_o probable_o do_v make_v according_a to_o galen_n two_o kind_n of_o nourishment_n one_o which_o be_v take_v by_o the_o mouth_n and_o nourish_v the_o solid_a part_n of_o the_o body_n another_o which_o be_v draw_v through_o the_o nostril_n which_o nourish_v the_o thin_a &_o airy_a reason_n some_o say_v that_o odour_n nourish_v the_o spirit_n their_o reason_n part_n as_o the_o spirit_n for_o galen_n affirm_v that_o the_o spirit_n do_v feed_v upon_o air_n and_o odour_n wherefore_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o spirit_n they_o attribute_v unto_o odour_n and_o the_o rather_o be_v they_o induce_v so_o to_o think_v because_o nasty_a and_o abominable_a smell_n do_v make_v man_n oftentimes_o swoon_v yea_o and_o such_o exhalation_n arise_v from_o dead_a carcase_n or_o muddy_a fen_n do_v infect_v the_o air_n and_o breed_v a_o pestilence_n add_v hereto_o that_o in_o the_o low_a country_n the_o odour_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o flower_n of_o bean_n as_o they_o grow_v in_o the_o field_n do_v often_o drive_v traveller_n into_o a_o deliration_n or_o light_a madness_n as_o levinus_n lemnius_n have_v observe_v and_o plutarch_n say_v that_o by_o the_o smell_n of_o ointment_n cat_n do_v grow_v mad_a moreover_o physician_n do_v consent_v that_o the_o smell_n of_o spice_n do_v breed_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o pain_n or_o dull_a answer_n answer_n stupidity_n and_o fullness_n in_o the_o head_n add_v hereto_o that_o many_o odour_n or_o smell_n be_v able_a to_o refresh_v a_o man_n when_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o swoon_v or_o faint_v away_o they_o exhilerate_v or_o cheer_v the_o heart_n and_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v aristotle_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v they_o correct_v the_o distemper_n of_o the_o brain_n all_o these_o thing_n we_o confess_v be_v true_a if_o they_o be_v understand_v of_o that_o vaporous_a or_o airy_a exhalation_n or_o substance_n wherein_o the_o odour_n be_v transport_v for_o by_o that_o mean_n or_o in_o that_o respect_n only_o the_o odour_n be_v say_v to_o nourish_v the_o spirit_n and_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-fr compositione_n medicamentorum_fw-la secundum_fw-la locos_fw-la and_o the_o 4._o chapter_n write_v that_o if_o with_o the_o odour_n there_o be_v also_o many_o vapour_n associate_v then_o say_v he_o such_o odour_n have_v some_o faculty_n to_o nourish_v but_o if_o we_o understand_v by_o odour_n the_o simple_a object_n of_o the_o smell_n naked_a and_o separate_v from_o exhalation_n it_o be_v utter_o false_a that_o they_o say_v for_o although_o that_o vaporous_a substance_n wherein_o the_o odor_n be_v convey_v do_v by_o the_o help_n of_o other_o quality_n concommitate_v or_o accompany_v the_o odour_n cherish_v and_o refresh_v the_o spirit_n and_o perform_v those_o other_o good_a office_n which_o we_o have_v remember_v yet_o it_o follow_v not_o from_o hence_o that_o a_o odour_n be_v a_o substance_n rather_o that_o it_o be_v a_o accident_n of_o a_o substance_n because_o it_o do_v inhere_o in_o the_o forename_a qualify_a vapour_n but_o we_o will_v come_v unto_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o odour_n qvest._n xlviii_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o odour_n a_o odour_n be_v a_o quality_n move_v the_o smell_n arise_v out_o of_o a_o fit_a mixtion_n of_o the_o four_o element_n wherein_o heat_n and_o moisture_n have_v the_o predominance_n for_o we_o conceive_v be_v what_o a_o odour_n be_v with_o aristotle_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la that_o in_o the_o pure_a and_o sincere_a element_n there_o be_v no_o odour_n at_o all_o aristotle_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chapter_n render_v the_o reason_n because_o they_o can_v have_v no_o taste_n unless_o they_o be_v mingle_v for_o the_o taste_n and_o the_o smell_n that_o be_v the_o sapour_fw-la and_o the_o savour_n or_o odour_n do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o same_o matter_n yet_o so_o that_o in_o sapour_n there_o be_v more_o moisture_n in_o odour_n more_o siccity_n notwithstanding_o in_o odour_n the_o siccity_n be_v not_o at_o any_o time_n without_o some_o humour_n for_o those_o thing_n that_o wither_v and_o be_v torrify_v do_v loose_v their_o odour_n as_o may_v appear_v in_o the_o ash_n of_o juniper_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o all_o the_o humour_n be_v consume_v the_o odour_n or_o smell_n vanish_v also_o therewithal_o again_o some_o that_o be_v over-dryed_n recover_v their_o smell_n by_o the_o permixtion_n of_o moisture_n but_o that_o in_o odoriferous_a thing_n the_o siccity_n be_v predominant_a may_v be_v prove_v because_o such_o sweet_a smell_a flower_n or_o what_o else_o you_o shall_v name_n become_v without_o smell_n if_o they_o be_v too_o odour_n that_o drought_n be_v predominant_a in_o odour_n much_o moisten_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o rose_n gather_v in_o the_o rain_n do_v smell_v very_o little_a nothing_o at_o all_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o fragrancy_n of_o those_o that_o be_v gather_v in_o fair_a and_o dry_a weather_n that_o also_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o egypt_n the_o flower_n be_v not_o sweet_a because_o the_o air_n be_v moist_a and_o cloudy_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o water_n of_o nilus_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o hot_a climate_n of_o the_o east_n as_o arabia_n syria_n &_o the_o indies_n do_v bring_v forth_o spice_n and_o other_o plant_n of_o excellent_a and_o delicate_a objection_n why_o in_o egypt_n the_o flower_n do_v not_o smell_v objection_n smell_v it_o may_v be_v object_v there_o be_v many_o water_n which_o be_v very_o odoriferous_a now_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o that_o in_o water_n the_o moisture_n exceed_v the_o drought_n we_o answer_v that_o in_o water_n the_o odour_n be_v only_o potential_a and_o that_o the_o heat_n elevate_v or_o raise_v up_o from_o out_o of_o they_o a_o vapour_n or_o exhalation_n wherein_o the_o siccity_n prevail_v over_o the_o humidity_n and_o in_o this_o vapour_n be_v there_o a_o actual_a odour_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o this_o move_v the_o sense_n but_o the_o other_o odour_n which_o be_v in_o the_o water_n can_v move_v the_o sense_n unless_o it_o exhale_v together_o solution_n solution_n with_o the_o vapour_n and_o attain_v unto_o the_o organ_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o we_o may_v easy_o admit_v if_o we_o draw_v into_o our_o nostril_n a_o little_a sweet_a water_n for_o so_o we_o shall_v not_o smell_v the_o odour_n thereof_o because_o of_o necessity_n a_o vapour_n be_v require_v to_o actuate_v the_o odour_n moreover_o that_o all_o that_o odour_n be_v potential_a which_o consist_v not_o in_o a_o vapour_n but_o lurk_v as_o yet_o in_o mix_a body_n may_v be_v convince_v by_o invincible_a argument_n for_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 5_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la et_fw-la sensili_fw-la say_v the_o subject_n of_o sapour_n and_o savour_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o if_o therefore_o in_o odour_n or_o savour_n siccity_n be_v predominant_a
every_o creature_n because_o he_o be_v in_o power_n in_o a_o empedoclas_n how_o man_n be_v all_o creature_n empedoclas_n manner_n all_o thing_n not_o for_o matter_n and_o substance_n as_o empedocles_n will_v have_v it_o but_o analogical_o by_o participation_n or_o reception_n of_o the_o several_a species_n or_o kind_n of_o thing_n other_o call_v he_o the_o royal_a temple_n and_o image_n of_o god_n for_o as_o in_o coin_n the_o picture_n of_o caesar_n so_o in_o man_n the_o image_n of_o god_n be_v apparent_o discern_v other_o call_v he_o the_o end_n of_o all_o thing_n which_o in_o nature_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n to_o who_o all_o sublunary_a create_v body_n and_o spirit_n be_v obedient_a yet_o he_o himself_o subject_a unto_o none_o unless_o peradventure_o one_o man_n come_v under_o the_o lee_n and_o subjection_n of_o another_o the_o kingly_a prophet_n david_n full_a of_o heavenly_a inspiration_n descipher_v the_o dignity_n of_o man_n on_o this_o manner_n thou_o have_v make_v he_o little_o low_a than_o the_o angel_n thou_o have_v 8._o psal_n 8._o crown_v he_o with_o glory_n and_o honour_n and_o give_v he_o dominion_n over_o the_o work_n of_o thy_o hand_n these_o be_v excellent_a that_o i_o may_v not_o say_v divine_a commendation_n which_o man_n have_v partly_o soul_n the_o sign_n of_o man_n honour_n refer_v partly_o to_o his_o soul_n partly_o to_o his_o body_n the_o excellency_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o his_o soul_n the_o most_o excellent_a of_o all_o form_n partly_o from_o his_o body_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o measure_n and_o exemplary_a pattern_n of_o all_o corporeal_a thing_n the_o soul_n indeed_o be_v so_o divine_a that_o raise_v and_o mount_v itself_o sometime_o above_o all_o natural_a form_n it_o comprehend_v by_o a_o admirable_a absolutely-free_a and_o imcompulsive_a power_n all_o incorporeal_a thing_n sever_v and_o divide_v from_o all_o matter_n and_o substance_n this_o soul_n if_o it_o can_v be_v discern_v with_o the_o eye_n or_o but_o conceyve_v by_o the_o mind_n how_o will_v it_o ravish_v we_o and_o lead_v we_o into_o a_o create_v the_o soul_n alone_o be_v continual_o create_v excessive_a love_n of_o itself_o only_o this_o be_v create_v not_o generate_v and_o albeit_o as_o the_o philosopher_n speak_v there_o be_v a_o subject_n suppon_v in_o her_o production_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o produce_v out_o of_o the_o power_n of_o that_o supponed_a matter_n but_o rather_o absolu_v and_o perfect_v the_o same_o this_o only_a be_v indivisible_a for_o all_o other_o natural_a form_n receive_v augmentation_n diminution_n and_o division_n together_o with_o their_o subject_n but_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v whole_o in_o the_o whole_a immaterial_a it_o alone_o be_v indivisible_a immaterial_a and_o whole_o in_o every_o particular_a part_n this_o only_a be_v immaterial_a herein_o alone_o participate_v with_o the_o matter_n that_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o all_o species_n or_o kind_n even_o as_o the_o first_o matter_n admit_v all_o impression_n and_o form_n and_o yet_o the_o manner_n of_o reception_n be_v not_o alike_o in_o they_o both_o for_o that_o first_o matter_n receive_v but_o particular_a and_o individual_a form_n and_o that_o without_o understanding_n in_o the_o soul_n be_v imprint_v the_o universal_a form_n of_o thing_n and_o it_o have_v also_o understand_v to_o judge_v of_o they_o the_o matter_n admit_v those_o particular_a form_n material_o and_o withal_o obli_fw-la erate_v or_o soul_n how_o the_o reception_n of_o form_n differ_v in_o the_o first_o matter_n and_o in_o the_o soul_n blot_v out_o the_o contrary_a form_n whereof_o it_o be_v before_o possess_v the_o soul_n of_o man_n receive_v and_o entertain_v the_o general_a and_o universal_a notion_n of_o thing_n free_a from_o all_o contagion_n or_o touch_n of_o matter_n not_o abolish_n the_o contrary_n or_o diverse_a form_n whereof_o before_o it_o be_v possess_v this_o alone_a be_v incorporeal_a immortal_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o immutable_a this_o may_v be_v call_v the_o receptacle_n promptuary_n or_o store-house_n of_o all_o the_o species_n or_o kind_n of_o thing_n angellicall_a the_o soul_n be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o species_n or_o form_n aristotle_n plato_n the_o soul_n be_v in_o the_o middle_a degree_n of_o all_o thing_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v angellicall_a aristotle_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la call_v it_o after_o a_o manner_n all_o thing_n because_o say_v he_o in_o a_o organ_n of_o sense_n the_o sensible_a species_n or_o image_n of_o thing_n be_v blot_v out_o and_o as_o it_o be_v drown_v but_o the_o soul_n retain_v they_o the_o platonist_n do_v range_v it_o in_o the_o midst_n as_o have_v god_n above_o it_o &_o the_o intelligence_n or_o angel_n below_o it_o all_o body_n and_o all_o quality_n that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v partaker_n of_o they_o both_o according_a to_o divine_n it_o approach_v very_o near_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o angel_n by_o reason_n of_o her_o understanding_n or_o intellectual_a power_n of_o her_o original_n eternity_n image_n apprehension_n and_o beatitude_n to_o conclude_v there_o be_v in_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n something_o metaphysical_a transcendent_a above_o nature_n unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n who_o groap_v but_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o be_v enwrap_v in_o a_o misty_a or_o cloudy_a veil_n of_o ignorance_n and_o be_v reveal_v only_o to_o christian_n to_o who_o the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n have_v shine_v for_o in_o it_o be_v a_o lively_a resemblance_n of_o the_o ineffable_a trinity_n represent_v by_o the_o three_o principal_a faculty_n memory_n understanding_n and_o simonides_n in_o the_o soul_n appear_v the_o image_n of_o the_o trinity_n simonides_n will._n but_o stay_v why_o shall_v i_o presume_v to_o describe_v the_o essence_n of_o the_o soul_n see_v it_o partake_v of_o so_o much_o divinity_n for_o of_o divine_a thing_n simonides_n have_v say_v well_o we_o can_v only_o say_v what_o they_o be_v not_o not_o what_o they_o be_v why_o shall_v i_o pain_v myself_o to_o open_v that_o shrine_n which_o nature_n herself_o have_v veil_v and_o seal_v up_o from_o our_o sense_n lest_o it_o shall_v be_v profane_v therewith_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o hipocrates_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o inaspectible_a or_o invisible_a nature_n which_o can_v no_o more_o be_v describe_v by_o we_o than_o our_o eye_n be_v able_a to_o see_v itself_o these_o thing_n hipocrates_n hipocrates_n therefore_o belong_v to_o a_o high_a contemplation_n and_o require_v a_o more_o skilful_a workman_n to_o draw_v but_o the_o line_n or_o even_o to_o shadow_v they_o out_o let_v we_o content_v ourselves_o to_o handle_v that_o that_o may_v be_v handle_v or_o at_o least_o be_v subject_a unto_o some_o of_o our_o sense_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o other_o part_n of_o man_n namely_o the_o body_n which_o more_o true_o and_o proper_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o discourse_n of_o the_o dignity_n and_o wonderful_a frame_n of_o man_n body_n chap._n ii_o as_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n be_v of_o all_o sublunary_a form_n the_o most_o noble_a so_o his_o body_n the_o house_n of_o the_o soul_n do_v so_o far_o excel_v as_o it_o may_v well_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o measure_n and_o rule_v of_o all_o other_o body_n there_o be_v many_o thing_n which_o set_v forth_o the_o excellency_n of_o it_o but_o these_o especial_o thing_n the_o excellency_n of_o man_n body_n be_v set_v forth_o by_o four_o thing_n among_o other_o the_o frame_n and_o composition_n which_o be_v upright_o and_o mount_a towards_o heaven_n the_o moderate_a temper_n the_o equal_a and_o just_a proportion_n of_o the_o part_n and_o last_o their_o wonderful_a consent_n &_o mutual_a concord_n as_o long_o as_o they_o be_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o law_n &_o rule_n of_o nature_n for_o so_o long_o in_o they_o we_o may_v behold_v the_o lively_a image_n of_o all_o this_o whole_a universe_n which_o we_o see_v with_o our_o eye_n as_o it_o be_v shadow_v in_o a_o glass_n or_o decipher_v in_o a_o table_n and_o first_o for_o the_o figure_n man_n only_o be_v of_o a_o upright_o frame_v and_o proportion_n whereupon_o he_o frame_n 1._o a_o upright_a frame_n be_v call_v of_o some_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d usual_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d look_v upward_o although_o plato_n in_o cratylo_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o man_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o cratylo_n plato_n in_o cratylo_n be_v contemplate_v those_o thing_n which_o he_o see_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o form_n or_o figure_n be_v mere_o philosophical_a as_o depend_v upon_o the_o efficient_a material_a and_o final_a cause_n the_o efficient_a be_v twofold_a primary_n and_o secondary_a the_o primary_n be_v the_o soul_n which_o come_v from_o without_o
brain_n and_o be_v create_v for_o his_o use_n &_o behoof_n so_o the_o lung_n the_o midriff_n &_o the_o artery_n as_o swell_v smooth_a as_o rough_a be_v ordain_v only_o for_o the_o temper_n and_o repurgation_n of_o the_o hart_n so_o the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n the_o spleen_n both_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n and_o of_o gall_n be_v make_v for_o the_o liver_n and_o in_o a_o word_n none_o of_o these_o ignoble_a part_n be_v of_o necessity_n for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o creature_n or_o if_o they_o be_v necessary_a it_o be_v not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v simple_o and_o absolute_o but_o secundum_fw-la quid_fw-la that_o be_v as_o they_o be_v necessary_a to_o serve_v the_o turn_n of_o the_o principal_a for_o i_o pray_v you_o what_o use_n have_v the_o arm_n the_o leg_n or_o the_o stomach_n of_o the_o lung_n the_o spleen_n and_o the_o kidney_n again_o what_o necessary_a use_n have_v the_o lung_n the_o spleen_n and_o the_o kidney_n of_o the_o leg_n or_o arm_n but_o to_o all_o these_o the_o heart_n give_v life_n the_o liver_n nourishment_n and_o the_o brain_n sense_n and_o motion_n so_o that_o the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n be_v in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o their_o vessel_n now_o as_o there_o be_v not_o a_o equality_n of_o dignity_n among_o the_o principal_a part_n so_o the_o ignoble_a part_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o degree_n for_o some_o of_o they_o serve_v the_o principal_a by_o prepare_v somewhat_o for_o they_o other_o by_z carrying_z or_o lead_v somewhat_o unto_o they_o there_o be_v part_n the_o differencle_n of_o the_o ignoble_a part_n also_o some_o sort_n ordain_v only_o for_o the_o expurgation_n or_o cleanse_v of_o the_o principal_a which_o be_v the_o most_o ignoble_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o be_v common_o call_v emunctory_n or_o drayner_n so_o for_o the_o liver_n the_o stomach_n boil_v the_o meat_n the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesentary_n give_v the_o emunctory_n emunctory_n blood_n a_o kind_n of_o rudiment_n or_o initiation_n the_o cave_n or_o hollow_a vein_n disperse_v the_o blood_n already_o perfect_v for_o the_o heart_n the_o lung_n prepare_v the_o air_n the_o pipe_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n carry_v about_o the_o vital_a spirit_n for_o the_o brain_n the_o wonderful_a texture_n or_o plight_a web_n of_o vessel_n prepare_v the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o nerve_n distribute_v it_o into_o the_o whole_a body_n behind_o the_o ear_n be_v the_o emunctory_n or_o drayne_n of_o the_o brain_n under_o the_o arm_n hole_n so_o many_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n which_o receive_v the_o superfluity_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o in_o the_o leske_n or_o groin_n be_v the_o emunctory_n of_o the_o liver_n a_o elegant_a division_n of_o part_n into_o similar_v and_o dissimilar_v and_o a_o exquisite_a interpretation_n of_o the_o same_o chap._n xx._n the_o most_o frequent_a division_n of_o the_o part_n among_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n both_o be_v into_o similar_v and_o dissimilar_v which_o be_v also_o the_o most_o necessary_a for_o the_o exquisite_a disquisition_n and_o distinction_n of_o disease_n the_o similar_v part_n plato_n first_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v first_o bear_v because_o according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o generation_n they_o be_v after_o a_o sort_n before_o the_o compound_a part_n and_o because_o they_o aristotle_n all_o the_o name_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n plato_n aristotle_n be_v the_o first_o stamina_n thread_n or_o warp_v of_o the_o body_n aristotle_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v simple_a and_o uncompounded_a part_n because_o they_o be_v not_o compound_v of_o other_o part_n or_o else_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o compound_a for_o they_o be_v not_o indeed_o and_o true_o simple_a for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v not_o simple_a neither_o can_v the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v true_o simple_a first_o anaxagoras_n and_o after_o he_o aristotle_n bring_v in_o the_o name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aristotle_n anaxagoras_n aristotle_n of_o similitude_n whence_o they_o be_v call_v similar_v because_o they_o have_v one_o and_o a_o like_a substance_n some_o call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v continual_a part_n because_o they_o be_v continual_o the_o same_o both_o in_o matter_n and_o form_n other_o call_v they_o inform_v without_o form_n but_o we_o think_v it_o better_a to_o call_v they_o uniform_a part_n aristotle_n call_v they_o sensorias_fw-la because_o that_o aristotle_n aristotle_n which_o be_v similar_v be_v capable_a of_o sensible_a object_n and_o all_o sense_n original_o proceed_v from_o the_o similar_v part_n galen_n call_v they_o sometime_o sensible_a element_n because_o they_o appear_v galen_n galen_n to_o the_o sense_n most_o simple_a and_o uncompounded_a sometime_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o least_o particle_n sometime_o the_o first_o sometime_o the_o last_o body_n first_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o composition_n last_o because_o into_o these_o the_o body_n be_v dissolve_v as_o into_o the_o least_o part_n that_o may_v be_v perceive_v by_o the_o perceive_v sense_n some_o call_v they_o solid_a not_o because_o they_o be_v constant_a ever_o consist_v and_o never_o diffluent_fw-la for_o then_o the_o flesh_n shall_v be_v no_o similar_v part_n but_o because_o they_o be_v every_o way_n full_a and_o complete_a the_o common_a people_n call_v that_o solid_a which_o be_v hard_a dense_a or_o compact_v for_o water_n or_o a_o sponge_n they_o will_v never_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v part_n what_o be_v a_o solid_a part_n solid_a but_o the_o philosopher_n call_v that_o solid_a which_o be_v whole_o full_a of_o itself_o and_o of_o no_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v of_o a_o like_a or_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n so_o the_o fire_n in_o his_o own_o globe_n and_o the_o heaven_n although_o they_o be_v most_o rare_a and_o subtle_a body_n yet_o true_a philosopher_n will_v call_v they_o solid_a body_n hypocrates_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v contain_v part_n but_o enough_o of_o the_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n name_n now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n a_o similar_v part_n may_v have_v a_o double_a consideration_n one_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n a_o other_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o form_n if_o you_o regard_v the_o matter_n which_o be_v altogether_o one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o galen_n a_o similar_v part_n have_v a_o double_a consideration_n a_o definition_n of_o a_o similar_v part_n aristotle_n galen_n all_o part_n likeunto_o itself_o then_o shall_v similar_v part_n be_v define_v according_a to_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v divide_v into_o part_n like_a unto_o themselves_o according_a to_o galen_n all_o who_o particle_n be_v like_a to_o themselves_o and_o to_o the_o whole_a or_o which_o be_v divide_v into_o part_n not_o differ_v specie_fw-la or_o in_o kind_n if_o you_o respect_v the_o form_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n than_o they_o shall_v be_v define_v such_o as_o have_v a_o uniform_a figure_n for_o because_o the_o form_n give_v the_o proper_a denomination_n to_o every_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v call_v similar_v which_o have_v a_o similitude_n or_o likeness_n of_o form_n and_o figure_n in_o the_o first_o consideration_n or_o respect_n every_o particle_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a but_o not_o in_o the_o latter_a so_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o leg_n because_o of_o the_o similitude_n of_o the_o matter_n be_v uniform_a but_o if_o you_o respect_v his_o figure_n then_o be_v not_o all_o his_o part_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n for_o every_o little_a particle_n of_o that_o bone_n be_v not_o hollow_a though_o the_o whole_a bone_n be_v hollow_a hence_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o every_o similar_v part_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v dividentia_fw-la every_o similar_v part_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v organical_a membra_fw-la dividentia_fw-la organical_a and_o that_o they_o do_v not_o well_o who_o oppose_v similar_v and_o organical_a part_n for_o devide_v member_n as_o we_o say_v in_o school_n for_o among_o philosopher_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o part_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a be_v the_o same_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v organical_a because_o the_o soul_n be_v a_o act_n of_o a_o organical_a body_n the_o essence_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n seem_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o uncertain_a medley_n of_o the_o element_n essence_n the_o essence_n and_o a_o temper_n of_o the_o four_o first_o quality_n heat_n cold_a moisture_n and_o drought_n and_o therefore_o the_o physician_n say_v the_o temper_n be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o similar_v part_n because_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o first_o receiver_n and_o the_o first_o power_n with_o which_o and_o by_o which_o
time_n have_v be_v at_o great_a difference_n among_o themselves_o whether_o the_o gut_n have_v only_o a_o expulsive_a faculty_n or_o all_o those_o four_o which_o serve_v as_o handmaid_n to_o nourishment_n the_o draw_v retain_v assimulate_a and_o expel_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o strife_n be_v give_v by_o certain_a place_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o arabian_n which_o be_v of_o doubtful_a construction_n for_o sometime_o they_o acknowledge_v those_o four_o faculty_n sometime_o deny_v they_o our_o purpose_n be_v to_o skanne_v and_o fan_v this_o question_n as_o near_o as_o we_o can_v begin_v our_o disputation_n at_o the_o attractive_a or_o draw_v faculty_n but_o because_o we_o will_v not_o be_v puzzle_v in_o the_o equivocal_a or_o want_v way_n betwixt_o a_o faculty_n and_o action_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o stick_v down_o some_o stake_n to_o lay_v some_o foundation_n for_o our_o better_a direction_n such_o be_v these_o of_o action_n some_o be_v common_a or_o official_a other_o private_a or_o peculiar_a the_o common_a action_n be_v ordain_v either_o for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o whole_a or_o at_o least_o for_o more_o part_n than_o official_a two_o kind_n of_o action_n common_a or_o official_a one_o so_o the_o liver_n do_v sanguifie_v the_o aliment_n not_o for_o his_o own_o use_n alone_o but_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o brain_n do_v engender_v vital_a and_o animal_n spirit_n to_o give_v life_n and_o sense_n to_o the_o whole_a man_n not_o only_o for_o their_o own_o particular_a and_o private_a use_n the_o stomach_n chylifi_v the_o meat_n not_o for_o itself_o though_o it_o take_v some_o pleasure_n in_o it_o but_o for_o the_o liver_n the_o spleen_n the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n and_o the_o kidney_n do_v not_o draw_v the_o melancholy_a ivyce_n the_o fiery_a choler_n and_o the_o whaey_v urine_n for_o their_o own_o nourishment_n but_o to_o depurate_a and_o cleanse_v the_o liver_n and_o mass_n of_o blood_n wherefore_o these_o action_n be_v call_v official_a because_o they_o serve_v and_o minister_v unto_o many_o private_a action_n or_o peculiar_a be_v such_o as_o serve_v only_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o private_a and_o particular_a private_a or_o particular_a peculiar_a part_n so_o the_o stomach_n beside_o his_o chylification_n have_v also_o a_o particular_a action_n whereby_o it_o intend_v his_o own_o proper_a nourishment_n draw_v retain_v and_o concoct_v blood_n familiar_a unto_o itself_o and_o expel_v the_o relic_n of_o the_o same_o these_o thing_n be_v so_o notorious_o know_v to_o all_o man_n that_o they_o need_v no_o curious_a demonstation_n another_o foundation_n to_o be_v lay_v be_v this_o that_o for_o peculiar_a and_o private_a traction_n and_o expulsion_n action_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o fibre_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o private_a action_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o help_n of_o fibre_n but_o only_o for_o the_o common_a and_o official_a because_o the_o private_a be_v accomplish_v always_o without_o local_a motion_n but_o the_o common_a with_o it_o either_o always_o or_o for_o the_o most_o part_n bones_o gristle_n and_o ligament_n do_v draw_v and_o expel_v without_o any_o contraction_n of_o fibre_n for_o who_o ever_o observe_v they_o to_o move_v in_o their_o traction_n but_o as_o the_o loadstone_n although_o it_o move_v not_o by_o a_o inbred_a and_o occult_a propriety_n draw_v iron_n and_o plant_n which_o stick_v immoveable_o in_o the_o earth_n do_v suck_v and_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o same_o earth_n a_o ivyce_n familiar_a unto_o their_o nature_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n the_o particular_a and_o singular_a part_n of_o the_o body_n out_o of_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n by_o a_o propriety_n of_o their_o own_o do_v draw_v and_o drink_v into_o themselves_o a_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a nourishment_n but_o the_o common_a and_o official_a traction_n or_o expulsion_n because_o they_o be_v almost_o always_o make_v with_o local_a motion_n do_v therefore_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o help_n of_o fibres_fw-fr so_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hart_n although_o it_o be_v natural_a yet_o be_v not_o accomplish_v without_o the_o help_n of_o fibre_n for_o in_o his_o diastole_n or_o distension_n it_o draw_v by_o right_a fibres_fw-fr blood_n through_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n and_o air_n by_o the_o veynall_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a again_o by_o the_o transverse_a it_o expel_v spirit_n blood_n and_o fume_a vapour_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o womb_n by_o right_a fibre_n draw_v the_o seed_n of_o man_n and_o by_o transuerse_n be_v contract_v for_o the_o exclusion_n or_o birth_n of_o the_o infant_n these_o foundation_n be_v lay_v the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n stand_v thus_o when_o it_o be_v demand_v question_n the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n whether_o the_o gut_n have_v any_o attractive_a faculty_n we_o do_v not_o inquire_v about_o the_o private_a and_o peculiar_a attraction_n of_o the_o gut_n for_o that_o be_v beyond_o controversy_n consider_v that_o life_n be_v sustain_v by_o nutrition_n which_o be_v always_o accompany_v by_o those_o four_o inbred_a faculty_n attraction_n retention_n concoction_n and_o expulsion_n but_o the_o question_n be_v concern_v a_o common_a or_o official_a traction_n that_o be_v whether_o the_o gut_n have_v power_n of_o draw_v the_o chylus_n from_o the_o stomach_n we_o think_v they_o have_v not_o and_o galen_n favour_v also_o our_o opinion_n galen_n galen_n for_o in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n he_o say_v the_o gut_n stand_v not_o in_o need_n of_o a_o attractive_a gut_n there_o be_v no_o common_a tractive_a faculty_n in_o the_o gut_n faculty_n and_o again_o the_o gut_n have_v no_o need_n either_o to_o draw_v or_o to_o retain_v because_o their_o motion_n be_v simple_a have_v also_o but_o simple_a fibre_n and_o in_o another_o place_n every_o gut_n have_v in_o each_o coat_n circular_a fibre_n for_o they_o be_v contract_v only_o but_o draw_v nothing_o the_o same_o also_o he_o aver_v in_o his_o 6._o book_n the_o loics_n affectis_fw-la facult_a 3._o the_o nat_n facult_a but_o you_o will_v say_v if_o the_o gut_n draw_v not_o the_o chylus_n what_o power_n or_o faculty_n be_v it_o which_o bring_v the_o same_o unto_o they_o do_v the_o stomach_n drive_v out_o of_o itself_o so_o profitable_a a_o aliment_n expound_v objection_n galen_n expound_v we_o answer_v galens_n meaning_n be_v that_o the_o chylus_n be_v boil_a in_o the_o stomach_n and_o that_o the_o pylorus_n or_o low_a mouth_n all_o the_o time_n of_o concoction_n be_v close_o shut_v up_o that_o nothing_o either_o thick_a or_o thin_a may_v be_v able_a to_o pass_v away_o before_o it_o be_v concoct_v levigate_v and_o perfect_o labour_v when_o this_o concoction_n be_v thorough_o celebrate_v then_o be_v the_o stomach_n delight_v with_o the_o chylus_n embrace_v it_o a_o while_n as_o be_v now_o become_v familiar_a unto_o it_o afterward_o nature_n in_o a_o wonderful_a providence_n open_v a_o certain_a small_a membrane_n and_o then_o the_o chylus_n as_o it_o be_v a_o overplus_n or_o superfluity_n be_v drive_v forth_o and_o fall_v into_o the_o gut_n in_o who_o bought_n and_o circle_n while_o it_o make_v stay_v the_o thin_a part_n like_o unto_o cream_n be_v suck_v away_o by_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesenterie_n but_o the_o thick_a by_o his_o weight_n fall_v unto_o the_o great_a gut_n and_o by_o the_o circular_a fibres_fw-fr be_v thrust_v forth_o such_o be_v galens_n true_a and_o sound_a philosophy_n concern_v this_o question_n whereby_o we_o be_v teach_v that_o the_o chylus_n be_v not_o draw_v by_o the_o gut_n but_o drive_v into_o they_o by_o the_o stomach_n notwithstanding_o there_o want_v not_o many_o among_o the_o late_a writer_n who_o persuade_v themselves_o writer_n the_o opinion_n of_o late_a writer_n that_o the_o gut_n especial_o the_o small_a one_o have_v this_o common_a tractive_a faculty_n inherent_a in_o they_o and_o i_o be_o persuade_v that_o they_o build_v their_o opinion_n upon_o the_o authority_n and_o some_o light_a reason_n of_o the_o arabian_n avicen_n write_v that_o the_o chylus_n fall_v from_o the_o stomach_n primi_fw-la avicen_n fen._n 1._o primi_fw-la into_o the_o gut_n by_o the_o help_n and_o assistance_n of_o two_o faculty_n one_o expulsive_a of_o the_o stomach_n and_o another_o attractive_a of_o the_o gut_n and_o this_o also_o he_o repeat_v in_o his_o thirteen_o book_n de_fw-fr animalibus_fw-la to_o this_o authority_n they_o add_v a_o threefold_a reason_n first_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o all_o the_o part_n do_v draw_v a_o familiar_a ivyce_n unto_o themselves_o now_o the_o chylus_n say_v they_o be_v the_o familiar_a aliment_n reason_n their_o reason_n of_o the_o gut_n by_o which_o they_o be_v nourish_v as_o the_o stomach_n be_v again_o if_o the_o chylus_n be_v only_o drive_v out_o or_o exclude_v by_o the_o stomach_n then_o be_v that_o motion_n violent_a but_o it_o
wherein_o it_o may_v be_v transport_v because_o it_o distend_v the_o part_n in_o which_o it_o be_v entertain_v and_o occupi_v a_o place_n for_o when_o the_o creature_n be_v dead_a both_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v corrugate_v or_o wrinkle_v and_o the_o membrane_n thereof_o do_v also_o fall_v be_v no_o more_o illustrate_v by_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o body_n but_o the_o fine_a and_o subtle_a substance_n that_o be_v in_o this_o little_a world_n for_o as_o the_o wind_n it_o pass_v &_o wind_n 〈…〉_o wind_n repass_v at_o his_o pleasure_n unseen_a but_o not_o unfelt_a for_o the_o force_n and_o incursion_n thereof_o be_v not_o without_o a_o kind_n of_o violence_n so_o the_o seed_n although_o it_o be_v thick_a and_o viscid_a yet_o pass_v through_o vessel_n which_o have_v no_o manifest_a cavity_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v full_a &_o as_o it_o be_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o hoven_v with_o spirit_n galen_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o natural_a faculty_n say_v that_o blood_n be_v thin_a 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o vapour_n thin_a and_o spirit_n thin_a of_o all_o i_o say_v moreover_o that_o it_o be_v always_o in_o motion_n for_o the_o spirit_n be_v continual_o move_v not_o by_o another_o only_a as_o the_o humour_n which_o whither_o they_o be_v draw_v or_o drive_v be_v always_o motion_n 〈◊〉_d the_o 〈…〉_o in_o 〈◊〉_d motion_n move_v by_o a_o power_n without_o themselves_o but_o also_o by_o themselves_o that_o be_v by_o a_o inbred_a principle_n of_o their_o own_o so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o double_a original_n of_o the_o spirit_n motion_n on_o homebred_a another_o but_o a_o stranger_n by_o the_o homebred_a principle_n they_o be_v move_v as_o the_o flame_n upward_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o downward_o as_o galen_n teach_v upward_o because_o light_v for_o they_o be_v fiery_a and_o airy_a and_o downward_o toward_o their_o nourishment_n if_o either_o of_o these_o motion_n be_v hinder_v the_o spirit_n be_v corrupt_v and_o that_o by_o consumption_n or_o extinction_n by_o consumption_n for_o want_n of_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o nourishment_n when_o it_o can_v move_v downward_o by_o extinction_n from_o his_o contrary_n when_o it_o be_v choke_v by_o cold_a and_o moisture_n because_o it_o can_v move_v upward_o again_o they_o be_v move_v by_o a_o external_a principle_n when_o they_o be_v draw_v hither_o or_o drive_v thither_o they_o be_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o drive_v the_o natural_a from_o the_o liver_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o systole_n the_o animal_n from_o the_o brain_n when_o it_o be_v compress_v they_o be_v draw_v the_o natural_a by_o the_o vein_n the_o vital_a by_o the_o particular_a part_n together_o with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n the_o animal_n very_o rare_o unless_o a_o part_n be_v affect_v either_o with_o pain_n or_o pleasure_n for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n neither_o do_v the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o object_n suffer_v the_o faculty_n to_o rest_v nor_o the_o heat_n cease_v to_o draw_v the_o spirit_n unto_o it_o the_o spirit_n therefore_o have_v a_o body_n mooveable_a it_o follow_v in_o the_o definition_n that_o they_o be_v engender_v of_o blood_n and_o a_o thin_a vapour_n so_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o that_o they_o have_v a_o double_a matter_n a_o exhalation_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o air_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o all_o our_o spirit_n be_v cherish_v preserve_v and_o nourish_v by_o air_n and_o blood_n the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n design_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spirit_n as_o be_v the_o last_o and_o final_a 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o cause_n for_o which_o they_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o spirit_n be_v the_o vehicle_n or_o carriage_n not_o of_o the_o soul_n but_o of_o the_o faculty_n thereof_o for_o if_o the_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n or_o nerve_n be_v tie_v 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o the_o life_n motion_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o part_n to_o which_o these_o vessel_n pass_v do_v instant_o abate_v &_o be_v in_o short_a time_n utter_o extinguish_v upon_o the_o interception_n of_o the_o spirit_n not_o of_o the_o faculty_n themselves_o which_o be_v incorporeal_a because_o the_o band_n or_o tie_n do_v neither_o interrupt_v the_o continuity_n of_o the_o vessel_n with_o his_o original_n neither_o yet_o his_o natural_a disposition_n and_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o spirit_n in_o general_n now_o some_o spirit_n be_v ingenit_fw-la or_o inbred_a which_o be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n as_o there_o be_v several_a kind_n and_o fort_n of_o part_n some_o influent_a which_o flow_v as_o it_o be_v from_o diverse_a fountain_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o and_o serve_v to_o rouse_v and_o raise_v up_o the_o sleepy_a and_o sluggish_a operation_n of_o the_o former_a concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o influent_a spirit_n physician_n be_v at_o great_a difference_n among_o themselves_o argenterius_n think_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o sort_n of_o spirit_n because_o there_o be_v but_o one_o soul_n and_o that_o have_v but_o one_o organ_n one_o blood_n and_o one_o air_n which_o be_v breathe_v in_o but_o the_o ancient_n far_o more_o acute_o have_v record_v three_o manner_n of_o spirit_n because_o there_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o be_v three_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o natural_a the_o vital_a and_o the_o animal_n three_o principle_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n and_o three_o kind_n of_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n that_o there_o be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n beside_o that_o galen_n inculcate_v it_o in_o sundry_a place_n many_o reason_n do_v evict_v it_o for_o to_o what_o purpose_n else_o be_v the_o brain_n hollow_v or_o bow_v into_o so_o many_o arch_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v those_o intricate_a maze_n and_o laberynthe_n of_o small_a artery_n which_o in_o the_o brain_n we_o call_v rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la the_o wonderful_a net_n and_o why_o be_v the_o sinew_n propagate_v into_o so_o many_o branch_n but_o of_o this_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o hereafter_o as_o also_o of_o the_o vital_a which_o no_o man_n yet_o ever_o oppose_v and_o of_o which_o the_o poet_n make_v ovid._n ovid._n mention_v call_v it_o a_o divinity_n est_fw-la deus_fw-la in_o nobis_fw-la agitante_fw-la calescimus_fw-la illo_fw-la in_o we_o there_o be_v spirit_n seat_v and_o by_o his_o motion_n we_o be_v heat_v only_o concern_v the_o natural_a spirit_n there_o have_v be_v some_o difference_n many_o labour_a spirit_n that_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a spirit_n to_o blot_v his_o name_n out_o of_o the_o roll_n who_o argument_n we_o will_v here_o scite_fw-la before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o reason_n to_o see_v how_o they_o acquit_v themselves_o first_o they_o say_v that_o the_o natural_a faculty_n need_v reason_n 1._o de_fw-fr loc_fw-fr affict_v 12._o m_v &_o in_o art_n parua_fw-la 1._o reason_n no_o vehicle_n or_o weftage_n because_o it_o be_v inbred_a in_o every_o part_n for_o which_o they_o avouch_v galen_n again_o there_o be_v no_o matter_n whereof_o this_o natural_a spirit_n shall_v be_v make_v because_o there_o be_v no_o vessel_n whereby_o air_n may_v be_v convey_v unto_o the_o liver_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o place_n for_o his_o generation_n there_o be_v no_o such_o cavity_n in_o the_o liver_n as_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o brain_n adhereto_fw-la reason_n 2._o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o current_n or_o channel_n to_o be_v find_v whereby_o it_o shall_v be_v lead_v through_o the_o body_n for_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v too_o thin_a to_o hold_v or_o contain_v a_o aetherial_a spirit_n reason_n 3._o reason_n and_o true_o herophilus_n well_o conceit_v that_o therefore_o the_o artery_n be_v manifold_a six_o fold_n herophilus_n 4._o reason_n herophilus_n say_v he_o thick_a then_o the_o vein_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o contain_v the_o spirit_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenuity_n if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v enclose_v within_o strong_a wall_n will_v easy_o have_v vanish_v away_o moreover_o see_v the_o spirit_n as_o hypocrates_n say_v have_v in_o they_o a_o kind_n of_o nimble_a violence_n reason_n 5._o reason_n hypocrates_n 6._o reason_n and_o impetious_a motion_n if_o they_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o vein_n they_o will_v make_v the_o vein_n to_o beat_v as_o do_v the_o artery_n final_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o spirit_n do_v pass_v and_o repass_v through_o the_o vein_n yet_o with_o what_o nourshment_n shall_v they_o be_v preserve_v for_o heat_n say_v the_o great_a dictator_n hypocrates_n be_v nourish_v by_o moderate_a cold_a now_o there_o be_v no_o air_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n lead_v unto_o the_o vein_n to_o serve_v that_o turn_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o argument_n whereby_o they_o cashier_v this_o natural_a spirit_n which_o first_o answer_v to_o the_o former_a argument_n to_o the_o first_o if_o they_o be_v weigh_v in_o equal_a balance_n will_v be_v find_v too_o light_a to_o sway_v a_o establish_a judgement_n for_o first_o galen_n do_v not_o absolute_o deny_v that_o
there_o be_v a_o natural_a spirit_n only_o he_o cast_v in_o a_o doubt_n as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o by_o as_o also_o he_o do_v concern_v the_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o five_o galen_n galen_n chapter_n of_o the_o 12._o book_n of_o his_o method_n when_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v beyond_o all_o controversy_n that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n but_o more_o plain_o in_o the_o sixth_o of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n he_o write_v that_o there_o be_v a_o spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o vein_n yet_o be_v there_o but_o few_o of_o they_o and_o those_o dark_a as_o he_o say_v and_o cloudy_a we_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a faculty_n breed_v and_o cloudy_a the_o natural_a spirit_n but_o cloudy_a seat_v in_o every_o part_n but_o because_o the_o heat_n and_o natural_a spirit_n of_o the_o part_n wherein_o this_o inbredde_a faculty_n do_v consist_v be_v but_o uncertain_a like_o a_o fugitive_n and_o dull_a or_o stupid_a it_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o another_o influent_a yet_o like_a unto_o itself_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v stir_v up_o establish_v and_o from_o a_o potential_a virtue_n bring_v into_o a_o operative_a act_n the_o arabian_n imagine_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v transport_v and_o guide_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n conceit_n the_o arabian_n conceit_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o spirit_n for_o although_o every_o part_n like_o a_o loadstone_n do_v draw_v unto_o itself_o such_o ivyce_n as_o be_v familiar_a unto_o it_o yet_o if_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n be_v too_o great_a neither_o can_v the_o loadstone_n draw_v iron_n nor_o amber_n chaff_n nor_o the_o part_n his_o nourishment_n to_o their_o second_o argument_n that_o there_o want_v nourishment_n both_o for_o the_o generation_n and_o preservation_n of_o this_o spirit_n because_o no_o air_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o liver_n we_o answer_v with_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n to_o the_o second_o hypocrates_n that_o all_o body_n be_v transpirable_a and_o trans-fluxible_a that_o be_v so_o open_a to_o the_o air_n as_o that_o it_o may_v easy_o pass_v and_o repass_v through_o they_o though_o not_o so_o abundant_o as_o it_o do_v by_o the_o windpipe_n of_o which_o abundance_n there_o be_v no_o need_n because_o this_o thick_a and_o cloudy_a spirit_n need_v but_o a_o little_a air_n for_o his_o refection_n which_o be_v supply_v by_o transpiration_n this_o transpiration_n be_v make_v in_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o round_a or_o gibbous_a although_o there_o be_v no_o artery_n yet_o the_o midriff_n with_o his_o continual_a motion_n as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o fan_n ventilate_v or_o fan_v not_o the_o liver_n only_o but_o all_o the_o entrails_n three_o whereas_o they_o say_v there_o be_v no_o cavity_n no_o cistern_n no_o place_n for_o generation_n of_o such_o a_o spirit_n in_o the_o liver_n it_o be_v true_o a_o very_a bold_a conclusion_n but_o let_v we_o stick_v to_o they_o with_o three_o to_o the_o three_o as_o great_a confidence_n have_v galen_n on_o our_o side_n equivalent_a to_o a_o whole_a army_n of_o such_o inexperienced_a tyrone_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a say_v he_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o cavity_n or_o cell_n in_o the_o liver_n such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n because_o those_o bowel_n only_o which_o be_v either_o to_o receive_v from_o other_o be_v to_o afford_v and_o impart_v together-ward_n and_o at_o once_o a_o plentiful_a and_o abundant_a source_n of_o matter_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o ample_a cavity_n wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v either_o treasure_v &_o store_v when_o it_o be_v receive_v or_o wrought_v and_o frame_v when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v convey_v the_o vital_a spirit_n as_o it_o be_v very_o fine_a and_o thin_a and_o therefore_o quick_o exhaust_v so_o it_o behove_v that_o it_o shall_v as_o sudden_o be_v regenerate_v that_o there_o may_v neither_o want_v plenty_n for_o necessity_n nor_o abundance_n for_o sudden_a expense_n it_o be_v therefore_o necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v have_v a_o large_a cavitie_n or_o cauldron_n wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v boil_a and_o prepare_v for_o use_n as_o we_o see_v nature_n provide_v large_a and_o ample_a vessel_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n because_o of_o their_o continual_a large_a why_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v large_a motion_n which_o require_v a_o supply_n answerable_a to_o the_o expense_n but_o the_o natural_a spirit_n as_o it_o can_v so_o sudden_o spend_v itself_o so_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o abundant_a affluence_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o the_o bed_n or_o web_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v sufficient_a for_o his_o generation_n four_o whereas_o they_o say_v that_o the_o thin_a coat_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o guide_v and_o safe-conduct_n the_o natural_a spirit_n we_o answer_v in_o a_o word_n that_o a_o thick_a &_o gross_a substance_n four_o to_o the_o four_o or_o dull_a prisoner_n be_v easy_o hold_v in_o durance_n to_o the_o five_o argument_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o vein_n be_v therefore_o not_o move_v because_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n be_v not_o derive_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o heart_n for_o we_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o five_o to_o the_o five_o artery_n be_v move_v by_o the_o heat_n and_o spirit_n which_o they_o contain_v but_o only_o by_o a_o vital_a faculty_n stream_v through_o they_o by_o irradiation_n from_o the_o heart_n as_o we_o shall_v prove_v hereafter_o final_o they_o ask_v how_o we_o think_v these_o spirit_n shall_v be_v nourish_v we_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v transpiration_n which_o preserve_v refresh_v and_o maintain_v they_o for_o every_o vein_n have_v last_o to_o the_o last_o his_o artery_n accompany_v he_o continual_o beside_o the_o manifold_a embracement_n and_o inoculation_n whereby_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v wed_v one_o unto_o another_o we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a spirit_n the_o vehicle_n or_o guide_v of_o the_o natural_a faculty_n and_o of_o the_o thick_a sort_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v from_o the_o liver_n diffuse_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n qvest._n xiii_o whether_o the_o bladder_n do_v draw_v the_o choler_n unto_o it_o for_o his_o nourishment_n that_o there_o be_v a_o small_a bladder_n tie_v to_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n replenish_v with_o a_o yellow_a bitter_a ivyce_n which_o we_o call_v choler_n or_o gall_n there_o be_v no_o man_n ignorant_a who_o have_v touch_v anatomy_n as_o they_o say_v but_o with_o his_o upper_a lip_n but_o whether_o gall_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n this_o ivyce_n do_v pass_v unto_o the_o bladder_n of_o it_o own_o accord_n or_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n or_o abligate_v and_o send_v by_o the_o liver_n it_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o manifest_a that_o a_o mere_a elementary_a form_n shall_v lead_v it_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o instinct_n or_o natural_a choice_n for_o some_o choyce_n may_v be_v natural_a or_o election_n unto_o that_o place_n i_o think_v few_o man_n of_o reason_n will_v avouch_v more_o likely_a it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v either_o draw_v or_o drive_v galen_n be_v for_o both_o so_o be_v reason_n also_o although_o fallopius_n that_o subtle_a and_o occulate_a anatomist_n contend_v that_o it_o be_v galen_n galen_n only_o drive_v from_o the_o liver_n and_o not_o draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n to_o who_o and_o his_o argument_n falopius_fw-la falopius_fw-la we_o will_v set_v our_o foot_n in_o the_o next_o exercise_n that_o the_o choler_n be_v drive_v from_o the_o liver_n the_o very_a native_a of_o the_o ivyce_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v it_o be_v a_o excrement_n in_o his_o whole_a nature_n and_o quality_n hurtful_a and_o noxious_a to_o the_o liver_n especial_o and_o therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v avoid_v and_o that_o soon_o an_o with_o more_o expedition_n liver_n that_o the_o choler_n be_v drive_v from_o the_o liver_n than_o the_o other_o two_o excrement_n because_o his_o sharp_a provocation_n be_v more_o offensive_a and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o receptacle_n of_o choler_n be_v tie_v or_o fasten_v close_o upon_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o liver_n but_o the_o spleen_n and_o the_o kidney_n which_o receive_v the_o other_o two_o be_v set_v further_o off_o galen_n why_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o liver_n that_o it_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n galen_n again_o that_o this_o choler_n be_v draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n galen_n teach_v in_o his_o four_o &_o five_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o beside_o the_o fashion_n and_o conformation_n of_o the_o bladder_n itself_o and_o his_o passage_n do_v abundant_o persuade_v we_o thereunto_o for_o because_o there_o be_v diverse_a choler-conduit_n bend_v rather_o down_o to_o the_o gut_n they_o to_o the_o bladder_n who_o seite_n be_v high_a unless_o the_o bladder_n
&_o in_o art_n parua_fw-la and_o vesalius_n affirm_v that_o he_o vesalius_n galen_n vesalius_n see_v it_o once_o sometime_o this_o channel_n of_o choler_n be_v but_o one_o and_o be_v by_o nature_n frame_v amiss_o be_v insert_v in_o some_o man_n unto_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n in_o other_o below_o the_o duodenum_fw-la the_o former_a sort_n do_v continual_o vomit_v choler_n the_o latter_a as_o continual_o avoid_v it_o by_o siege_n the_o first_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d choleric_a upward_o the_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d choleric_a acut_fw-la hippolito_n de_fw-fr victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o acut_fw-la downward_o both_o choleric_a say_v galen_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v in_o their_o habit_n and_o conformation_n to_o make_v these_o thing_n more_o plain_a we_o must_v observe_v that_o according_a to_o hypocrates_n and_o habit._fw-la two_o sort_n of_o choleric_a man_n a_o choleric_a temper_n a_o choleric_a habit._fw-la galen_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o choleric_a man_n some_o be_v so_o by_o nature_n some_o by_o event_n or_o accident_n by_o nature_n choleric_a be_v either_o in_o temperament_n or_o in_o habit_n in_o temperament_n those_o be_v choleric_a who_o liver_n be_v hot_a above_o measure_n for_o a_o hot_a liver_n engender_v abundance_n of_o choler_n in_o habit_n those_o be_v call_v choleric_a who_o bladder_n of_o gall_n be_v so_o form_v that_o the_o canell_n or_o passage_n of_o the_o gall_n run_v either_o to_o the_o stomach_n or_o to_o the_o empty_a gut_n and_o yet_o both_o these_o thus_o habitual_o choleric_a may_v in_o their_o temperament_n be_v phlegmatic_a there_o be_v a_o elegant_a history_n in_o galen_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o second_o section_n galen_n a_o story_n out_o of_o galen_n of_o the_o book_n entitle_v de_fw-la victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la concern_v paul_n the_o rhetoritian_n and_o eudemus_n the_o philosopher_n the_o rhetoritian_n be_v altogether_o phlegmatic_a yet_o vex_v with_o continual_a vomit_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n costive_a the_o philosopher_n have_v many_o choleric_a evacuation_n downward_o but_o none_o by_o vomit_n all_o these_o be_v call_v bilious_a or_o choleric_a by_o event_n bilious_a by_o event_n nature_n there_o be_v also_o some_o choleric_a by_o event_n that_o be_v by_o a_o temperament_n acquire_v as_o by_o labour_n watch_n anger_n sharp_a salt_n and_o spice_a meat_n but_o whether_o the_o bladder_n do_v draw_v and_o drive_v the_o choler_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n many_o have_v make_v question_n a_o certain_a new_a writer_n a_o great_a interpreter_n of_o hypocrates_n but_o not_o so_o conceit_n a_o idle_a conceit_n well_o practise_v in_o anatomy_n write_v that_o there_o be_v two_o passage_n insert_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o bladder_n by_o one_o of_o which_o it_o draw_v by_o the_o other_o it_o drive_v forth_o the_o gall_n but_o these_o be_v mere_a imagination_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v only_o one_o whereby_o it_o both_o draw_v and_o avoyd_v choler_n though_o at_o several_a time_n yet_o from_o this_o common_a passage_n do_v spring_n truth_n the_o truth_n two_o small_a twig_n the_o one_o diversify_v into_o the_o liver_n by_o which_o it_o draw_v only_o the_o other_o insert_v into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la by_o which_o it_o only_o expel_v and_o this_o galen_n understand_v right_o well_o as_o appeareth_z in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n of_o natural_a faculty_n it_o be_v not_o hard_o say_v he_o to_o conceive_v how_o traction_n and_o expulsion_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o the_o same_o passage_n at_o several_a time_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o gullet_n do_v not_o only_o lead_v meat_n into_o the_o stomach_n but_o also_o in_o vomit_v cast_v it_o out_o by_o the_o same_o way_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o spleen_n qvest._n xv._o concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spleen_n against_o the_o slanderous_a calumniation_n of_o galens_n adversary_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n as_o well_o of_o the_o ancient_n as_o modern_a writer_n about_o the_o use_n of_o the_o spleen_n erasistratus_n think_v it_o not_o of_o any_o great_a moment_n aristotle_n aristotle_n erasistratus_n aristotle_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la confess_v it_o to_o be_v necessary_a indeed_o yet_o not_o absolute_o but_o by_o event_n although_o he_o say_v it_o sometime_o draw_v the_o excrement_n from_o the_o stomach_n and_o work_v it_o unto_o his_o nourishment_n both_o these_o opinion_n have_v be_v hiss_v out_o of_o the_o school_n of_o physician_n as_o be_v neither_o establish_v by_o reason_n nor_o agree_v with_o the_o majesty_n wisdom_n and_o policy_n of_o nature_n who_o use_v not_o to_o create_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o frame_n of_o our_o body_n which_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o better_a government_n and_o order_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o same_o alexander_n aphrodisaeus_n sect_n 2._o problem_n and_o aretaeus_n lib_n 1._o de_fw-fr causis_fw-la &_o signis_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr respiratione_n aretaeus_n alexander_n and_o aretaeus_n do_v conclude_v that_o the_o spleen_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o sanguification_n and_o they_o call_v it_o the_o bastard_n liver_n in_o this_o say_v they_o be_v the_o veinall_a blood_n prepare_v and_o concoct_v yet_o do_v their_o reason_n their_o reason_n belief_n rest_n upon_o conjecture_n because_o the_o frame_n and_o structure_n of_o both_o the_o bowel_n be_v alike_o because_o in_o both_o of_o they_o there_o be_v large_a and_o ample_a vessel_n because_o nature_n use_v to_o make_v the_o common_a minister_n or_o serviceable_a part_n of_o the_o body_n either_o double_a or_o if_o but_o single_a then_o that_o one_o be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n as_o the_o heart_n the_o stomach_n the_o womb_n the_o bladder_n the_o mouth_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o nose_n because_o the_o liver_n be_v in_o the_o right_a side_n and_o the_o spleen_n in_o the_o left_a they_o seem_v to_o be_v two_o organ_n ordain_v for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o action_n but_o these_o confute_v confute_v bare_a conjecture_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o make_v a_o party_n that_o shall_v hope_v to_o prevail_v against_o a_o common_a receive_a opinion_n for_o how_o can_v nature_n have_v set_v two_o so_o ample_a bowel_n which_o be_v to_o serve_v the_o whole_a body_n in_o the_o midst_n under_o the_o heart_n and_o how_o again_o shall_v she_o not_o have_v be_v idle_a if_o she_o have_v make_v more_o instrument_n than_o one_o for_o sanguification_n when_o one_o be_v sufficient_a rondeletius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o spleen_n be_v not_o the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o melancholy_a humour_n opinio_fw-la rondeletius_n his_o opinio_fw-la because_o that_o humour_n remain_v in_o his_o natural_a integrity_n be_v spend_v upon_o the_o bone_n &_o other_o hard_a and_o dry_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o because_o there_o be_v lest_o of_o that_o humour_n in_o we_o there_o be_v no_o part_n reason_n his_o reason_n appoint_v to_o receive_v the_o superfluity_n thereof_o like_v as_o there_o be_v no_o place_n ordain_v to_o receive_v the_o recrement_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v pass_v away_o by_o sweat_n and_o insensible_a transpiration_n bauhin_n run_v a_o middle_a course_n between_o these_o who_o argument_n we_o have_v hear_v before_o in_o the_o history_n &_o may_v receive_v answer_n partly_o by_o himself_o partly_o by_o the_o answer_n to_o other_o vlmus_fw-la a_o physician_n of_o poytiers_n in_o france_n in_o a_o elegant_a and_o witty_a book_n which_o he_o set_v out_o of_o the_o spleen_n have_v devise_v a_o new_a and_o uncouth_a use_n thereof_o that_o be_v that_o opinion_n vlmus_fw-la his_o opinion_n in_o the_o spleen_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v prepare_v he_o mean_v that_o the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n pass_v from_o the_o spleen_n through_o the_o artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o it_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o air_n and_o perfect_v &_o so_o pour_v forth_o through_o the_o artery_n as_o it_o be_v through_o channel_n and_o watercourse_n into_o the_o body_n and_o this_o new_a paradox_n he_o establish_v with_o reason_n which_o carry_v a_o show_n of_o great_a strength_n and_o evidence_n of_o truth_n reason_n his_o reason_n the_o matter_n say_v he_o of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v double_a air_n and_o blood_n and_o both_o these_o stand_n in_o need_n of_o preparation_n and_o attenuation_n the_o air_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n but_o the_o blood_n not_o in_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o galen_n will_v have_v it_o because_o there_o be_v no_o manifest_a passage_n from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a ventricle_n not_o in_o the_o lung_n as_o columbus_n think_v and_o therefore_o
their_o situation_n their_o use_n not_o overthwart_a but_o length-wise_a these_o i_o say_v do_v remain_v as_o long_o as_o the_o woman_n live_v though_o she_o live_v very_o long_o their_o use_n as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o membrane_n when_o they_o be_v reflect_v upward_o be_v immediate_o to_o stop_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n as_o a_o fleshy_a production_n do_v stop_v the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n they_o hinder_v also_o the_o ingress_n of_o cold_a air_n dust_n or_o any_o other_o such_o like_a in_o which_o service_n they_o be_v assist_v also_o by_o the_o nymphae_n and_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o lap_n or_o privity_n and_o in_o coition_n do_v aggrate_a the_o member_n of_o the_o man_n for_o when_o they_o be_v heat_v and_o grow_v turgid_a with_o spirit_n they_o so_o constringe_v the_o yard_n especial_o in_o young_a woman_n as_o if_o it_o be_v close_o press_v in_o the_o hand_n next_o to_o these_o be_v the_o rugous_a or_o plight_a chink_n or_o rifte_n which_o be_v place_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o trench_n of_o the_o great_a cleft_n and_o like_o a_o narrow_a valley_n lead_v the_o way_n by_o a_o round_a cavitie_n into_o neck_n the_o outward_a orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n the_o inward_a part_n and_o make_v the_o outward_a orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n galen_n in_o his_o 15._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o three_o chapter_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o outward_a orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n by_o which_o the_o yard_n be_v receyve_v to_o provoke_v the_o part_n of_o the_o woman_n to_o yield_v their_o seed_n and_o to_o infuse_v his_o own_o this_o orifice_n sometime_o by_o a_o disease_n call_v rhagade_n it_o the_o disease_n of_o it_o otherwhile_o by_o a_o great_a cicatrice_n or_o scar_n breed_v after_o some_o other_o exulceration_n be_v so_o straighten_v that_o such_o woman_n can_v no_o more_o admit_v their_o husband_n sometime_o through_o a_o notable_a exulceration_n after_o a_o hard_a travel_n it_o grow_v clean_o up_o which_o once_o we_o observe_v say_v bauhine_v in_o a_o honourable_a matron_n in_o who_o there_o appear_v not_o any_o sign_n of_o a_o entrance_n but_o after_o a_o whole_a year_n keep_v she_o own_o counsel_n her_o course_n be_v all_o that_o while_o stop_v she_o be_v bauhine_n a_o story_n out_o of_o bauhine_n torment_v with_o many_o convulsive_a fit_n of_o the_o mother_n and_o so_o perish_v through_o her_o own_o default_n here_o be_v also_o to_o be_v observe_v a_o skinny_a ligament_n in_o the_o back_n part_n of_o the_o outward_a orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n which_o in_o virgin_n be_v straight_a and_z be_v cover_v by_o the_o trench_n but_o in_o those_o ligament_n the_o skinny_a ligament_n that_o have_v bring_v forth_o it_o be_v much_o more_o lax_n and_o loose_a so_o that_o the_o looseness_n of_o this_o ligament_n or_o skinny_a tie_n be_v the_o only_a sign_n that_o a_o woman_n have_v bear_v a_o child_n for_o it_o be_v so_o always_o in_o such_o and_o in_o none_o but_o such_o unless_o in_o other_o the_o womb_n do_v or_o have_v fall_v down_o to_o this_o sign_n there_o happen_v sometime_o another_o and_o that_o be_v the_o ruggedness_n or_o small_a ligaman_n a_o pretty_a observation_n concern_v this_o ligaman_n plight_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n which_o be_v strain_v in_o travel_n remain_v ever_o after_o rugous_a chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o lap_n or_o privity_n the_o last_o dissimilar_v part_n of_o the_o womb_n galen_n in_o his_o 14._o and_o 15._o book_n de_n usu_fw-la partium_fw-la the_o sixth_o and_o the_o three_o chapter_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a lap_n the_o name_n of_o the_o lap_n pudendum_fw-la muliebre_fw-la that_o be_v the_o woman_n modesty_n tab._n 9_o fig._n 2._o l._n fig_n 4._o near_o n_z o_o of_o some_o vulua_n as_o it_o be_v vallis_fw-la a_o valley_n or_o valua_n a_o floodgate_n because_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o a_o cleave_a which_o like_o flood_n gate_n or_o leafedoores_o be_v easy_o open_v or_o shut_v as_o need_n be_v we_o will_v call_v it_o the_o lap_n it_o be_v that_o part_n into_o it_o the_o position_n of_o it_o which_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n determine_v and_o be_v seat_v outward_o at_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o share_n bone_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o skinny_a addition_n of_o the_o neck_n as_o galen_n speak_v in_o his_o fourteen_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n answer_v to_o the_o prepuce_fw-la or_o foreskin_n of_o a_o man_n in_o this_o there_o be_v many_o part_n to_o be_v discern_v without_o dissection_n of_o which_o some_o be_v altogether_o outward_a offer_v themselves_o before_o the_o wing_n be_v display_v other_o inward_a it_o the_o part_n of_o it_o not_o appear_v before_o the_o wing_n be_v open_v and_o separate_v on_o both_o side_n of_o which_o we_o will_v first_o entreat_v there_o be_v therefore_o a_o large_a trench_n in_o which_o be_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o neck_n table_n 9_o fig_n 2._o m._n fig._n 3._o c._n fig._n 4._o l_o of_o the_o bladder_n with_o a_o caruncle_n the_o nymphae_n and_o the_o clitoris_n for_o although_o lap._n the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o lap._n the_o hymen_n and_o his_o membrane_n and_o caruncle_n with_o the_o slitte_v and_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n may_v also_o be_v see_v without_o dissection_n yet_o because_o they_o pertain_v not_o to_o the_o lap_n but_o to_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n we_o have_v describe_v they_o already_o at_o the_o end_n therefore_o of_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n immediete_o under_o the_o share-bone_n light_o above_o the_o lap_n itself_o on_o the_o forepart_n there_o be_v a_o entrance_n or_o passage_n which_o come_v urine_n the_o passage_n of_o the_o urine_n out_o of_o the_o implantation_n of_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n by_o which_o the_o urine_n be_v let_v out_o into_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n or_o rather_o into_o the_o lap_n itself_o even_o as_o in_o a_o man_n the_o urine_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o passage_n or_o channel_n which_o be_v appoint_v for_o the_o seed_n in_o the_o compass_n of_o this_o there_o be_v a_o caruncle_n tab._n 9_o fig._n 4._o p_o or_o a_o little_a fleshy_a hillock_n by_o which_o this_o it_o the_o caruncle_n belong_v to_o it_o passage_n be_v cover_v that_o after_o the_o urine_n be_v let_v go_v the_o outward_a air_n shall_v not_o get_v into_o the_o bladder_n through_o his_o neck_n which_o be_v short_a and_o wide_a which_o caruncle_n also_o as_o it_o regard_v the_o trench_n strengthen_v the_o leafe-gate_n or_o lock_n of_o virginity_n the_o nymphae_n so_o call_v by_o galen_n of_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o first_o admit_v the_o man_n of_o the_o latin_n alae_n the_o wing_n of_o other_o skinny_a caruncle_n be_v two_o production_n on_o nymphae_n the_o nymphae_n either-side_n one_o in_o the_o begin_n almost_o join_v which_o arise_v from_o a_o welt_n or_o guard_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o ligament_n in_o the_o back_n part_n of_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o lie_v hide_v situation_n their_o situation_n between_o the_o two_o lip_n of_o the_o lap_n and_o almost_o always_o touch_v one_o another_o do_v ascend_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o commissure_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o sharebone_n these_o be_v join_v do_v make_v a_o fleshy_a eminence_n and_o cover_v the_o clitoris_fw-la with_o a_o foreskin_n ascend_v with_o a_o manifest_a rise_a line_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o great_a cleave_v they_o be_v long_o from_o their_o middle_a outward_a and_o do_v hang_v sometime_o a_o little_a forth_o through_o the_o great_a cleave_v without_o the_o lip_n of_o the_o lap_n and_o that_o with_o a_o blunt_a angle_n be_v otherwise_o of_o a_o triangular_a figure_n they_o be_v very_o like_a in_o colour_n and_o shape_n to_o that_o part_n of_o a_o cock_n comb_n which_o hang_v under_o his_o throat_n their_o substance_n be_v partly_o fleshy_a partly_o membranous_a soft_a and_o fungous_a &_o they_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o thin_a coat_n sometime_o they_o grow_v to_o so_o great_a a_o length_n on_o one_o side_n substance_n their_o substance_n more_o rare_o on_o both_o and_o not_o so_o ordinary_o in_o maiden_n as_o in_o woman_n and_o then_o it_o be_v call_v by_o ruffus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d what_o through_o the_o affluence_n of_o humour_n what_o through_o attrectation_n that_o for_o the_o trouble_n and_o shame_n be_v in_o many_o country_n a_o notable_a argument_n of_o petulancy_n &_o immodesty_n they_o need_v the_o surgeon_n help_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o although_o they_o bleed_v much_o and_o be_v hardly_o cicatrise_v especial_o among_o the_o egyptian_n amongst_o who_o this_o accident_n lascivious_a the_o egyptian_a woman_n
before_o in_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la draw_v it_o thence_o into_o the_o gut_n and_o yet_o we_o know_v no_o direct_a passage_n from_o the_o one_o part_n to_o the_o other_o and_o this_o have_v make_v man_n to_o say_v that_o as_o open_a as_o the_o body_n of_o purge_v dropsy_n water_n how_o purge_v glass_n be_v to_o the_o light_n although_o it_o be_v very_o solid_a so_o open_a be_v the_o whole_a body_n as_o to_o external_a air_n of_o which_o we_o find_v our_o body_n oftentimes_o very_o sensible_a so_o to_o humour_n much_o more_o to_o spirit_n and_o thin_a and_o subtle_a vapour_n experience_n hereof_o we_o have_v in_o the_o use_n of_o tobacco_n for_o a_o man_n end_n the_o work_n of_o tobacco_n in_o the_o finger_n end_n shall_v often_o find_v it_o sensible_o in_o his_o toe_n and_o finger_n end_n present_o upon_o the_o rake_n but_o of_o this_o we_o shall_v take_v leave_n in_o the_o next_o discourse_n to_o speak_v a_o little_a more_o large_o see_v it_o not_o only_o concern_v almost_o all_o woman_n but_o may_v serve_v somewhat_o to_o stay_v their_o mind_n upon_o many_o accident_n which_o every_o day_n befall_v they_o qvest._n xi_o of_o the_o wonderful_a consent_n between_o the_o womb_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o part_n of_o woman_n bodis_fw-la concern_v the_o wonderful_a sympathy_n that_o be_v between_o the_o womb_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o part_n of_o woman_n body_n that_o place_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o sympathize_v a_o enumeration_n of_o the_o part_n with_o which_o the_o womb_n do_v sympathize_v book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la be_v most_o remarkable_a where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o womb_n of_o woman_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o disease_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o womb_n be_v affect_v there_o follow_v manifest_a sign_n of_o distemper_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n as_o the_o brain_n the_o heart_n the_o liver_n the_o kidney_n the_o bladder_n the_o gut_n the_o sharebone_n and_o in_o all_o the_o faculty_n animal_n vital_a and_o natural_a but_o above_o all_o the_o sympathy_n between_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o breast_n be_v most_o notable_a yet_o will_v we_o not_o stick_v a_o little_a to_o insist_v upon_o the_o former_a particular_n between_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o womb_n there_o be_v very_o great_a consent_n as_o well_o by_o the_o nerve_n brain_n the_o consent_n between_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o brain_n as_o by_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n hence_o in_o affect_n of_o the_o mother_n come_v the_o pain_n which_o some_o woman_n often_o feel_v in_o the_o backe-part_n of_o their_o head_n their_o frenzy_n or_o frantic_a fit_n their_o dumb_a silence_n and_o indeed_o inability_n to_o speak_v their_o strange_a fearfulness_n sometime_o loathe_v their_o life_n yet_o fear_v beyond_o measure_n to_o die_v their_o convulsion_n the_o calligation_n or_o dimness_n of_o their_o sight_n the_o hiss_a of_o their_o ear_n and_o a_o world_n of_o such_o like_a and_o of_o unlike_a accident_n between_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o womb_n the_o consent_n be_v make_v by_o the_o mediation_n of_o many_o womb_n between_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o womb_n notable_a artery_n call_v spermaticall_a and_o hypogastricall_a that_o be_v the_o artery_n of_o seed_n &_o of_o the_o inferior_a part_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n hence_o come_v light_a faint_n desperate_a swoonding_n the_o cessation_n of_o breathe_v and_o intermission_n of_o the_o pulse_n the_o use_n of_o they_o both_o be_v take_v away_o by_o a_o venomous_a breath_n which_o dissolve_v the_o natural_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o such_o woman_n live_v only_o by_o transpiration_n that_o be_v by_o such_o aer_fw-la as_o be_v draw_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o transpiration_n what_o it_o be_v to_o live_v by_o transpiration_n skin_n into_o the_o artery_n and_o so_o reach_v unto_o the_o heart_n so_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a almost_o to_o perceive_v whether_o such_o woman_n do_v yet_o live_v or_o no_o and_o doubtless_o many_o be_v bury_v in_o such_o fit_n for_o they_o will_v last_v sometime_o 24._o hour_n or_o more_o and_o the_o body_n grow_v cold_a and_o rigid_a like_o quick_a many_o woman_n bury_v quick_a dead_a carcase_n who_o will_v recover_v if_o space_n be_v give_v in_o my_o time_n there_o go_v a_o woman_n beg_v about_o this_o city_n who_o have_v a_o coffin_n carry_v with_o she_o and_o oftentimes_o she_o fall_v into_o those_o hysterical_a fit_n and_o will_v lie_v so_o long_o in_o they_o nothing_o differ_v from_o a_o dead_a carcase_n till_o the_o wont_a time_n of_o her_o reviue_n hence_o it_o may_v history_n a_o history_n be_v come_v the_o proverb_n thou_o shall_v not_o believe_v a_o woman_n that_o she_o will_v die_v no_v not_o when_o she_o be_v dead_a this_o be_v a_o sore_a accident_n and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o tell_v you_o how_o you_o may_v know_v whether_o such_o have_v any_o life_n leave_v in_o they_o or_o no._n a_o downy_a feather_n apply_v unto_o their_o dead_a how_o to_o know_v whether_o a_o woman_n be_v alive_a or_o dead_a mouth_n will_v not_o sometime_o serve_v the_o turn_n for_o you_o shall_v not_o perceive_v it_o to_o shake_v and_o yet_o the_o woman_n live_v the_o only_a infallible_a token_n of_o life_n or_o death_n be_v if_o you_o apply_v a_o clear_a look_a glass_n close_o upon_o their_o mouth_n for_o than_o if_o they_o live_v the_o glass_n will_v have_v a_o little_a dew_n upon_o it_o if_o they_o be_v dead_a none_o at_o all_o but_o the_o safe_a way_n be_v not_o to_o be_v overhasty_a to_o bury_v woman_n especial_o such_o as_o die_v sudden_o and_o not_o upon_o evident_a cause_n till_o 2._o or_o 3_o day_n be_v over_o for_o some_o case_n a_o miserable_a case_n have_v be_v know_v so_o long_o after_o their_o suppose_a death_n to_o revive_v and_o some_o take_v again_o out_o of_o their_o coffin_n have_v be_v find_v to_o have_v beat_v themselves_o upon_o their_o reviue_n before_o their_o stiâ—ling_n into_o the_o grave_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v the_o report_n of_o such_o as_o we_o have_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o mistrust_v but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o sympathy_n between_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o womb_n the_o sympathy_n be_v a_o little_a above_o express_v to_o which_o dropsy_n between_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o womb_n see_v above_o jandises_n greensicknes_n dropsy_n we_o may_v add_v that_o as_o from_o other_o part_n affect_v so_o from_o the_o ill_a affection_n of_o the_o womb_n sometime_o come_v jaundise_n cacexy_n that_o be_v ill_a habit_n of_o the_o body_n green_a sickness_n and_o then_o which_o nothing_o be_v more_o ordinary_a the_o dropsy_n itself_o between_o the_o kidney_n and_o the_o womb_n the_o consent_n be_v evident_a in_o the_o torment_n and_o pain_n of_o the_o loin_n which_o woman_n and_o maid_n have_v in_o or_o about_o the_o time_n of_o their_o course_n inso_n much_o as_o some_o have_v tell_v i_o they_o have_v as_o lief_o bear_v a_o child_n as_o endure_v that_o pain_n and_o my_o womb_n between_o the_o kidney_n &_o the_o womb_n self_n have_v see_v some_o to_o my_o think_v by_o their_o deportment_n in_o as_o great_a extremity_n in_o the_o one_o as_o in_o the_o other_o this_o consent_n come_v by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o spermaticke_a vein_n for_o the_o leave_v of_o these_o vessel_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o emulgent_a or_o kidny_a vein_n on_o the_o same_o side_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o sympathy_n between_o the_o womb_n the_o bladder_n and_o the_o right_a gut_n for_o upon_o inflammation_n of_o the_o womb_n as_o hippoc._n write_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morb._n mulier_fw-la come_v the_o disease_n womb_n between_o the_o bladder_n the_o right_a gut_n and_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o right_a gut_n call_v tenesmus_n that_o be_v a_o vain_a desire_n to_o empty_v the_o belly_n and_o also_o the_o strangury_n because_o the_o inflammation_n press_v both_o part_n so_o that_o neither_o the_o excrement_n nor_o the_o urine_n can_v be_v long_o keep_v this_o consent_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o vicinity_n or_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o part_n as_o also_o by_o communion_n the_o communion_n be_v by_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o peritonaeum_fw-la which_o tie_v the_o womb_n cem_v how_o this_o consent_n cem_v to_o these_o part_n and_o by_o their_o common_a vessel_n for_o from_o the_o same_o branch_n of_o the_o hypogastricall_a vein_n come_v small_a riveret_n to_o the_o bladder_n the_o womb_n and_o the_o right_a gut_n neither_o be_v the_o connexion_n of_o the_o womb_n with_o the_o share-bone_n and_o the_o lesk_n to_o be_v over_o pass_v without_o womb_n the_o connexion_n of_o the_o womb_n remembrance_n which_o be_v make_v by_o two_o exceed_a strong_a ligament_n for_o which_o cause_n in_o the_o suffocation_n of_o the_o matrix_fw-la we_o apply_v cupping-glass_n to_o the_o side_n of_o
mankind_n some_o there_o be_v that_o call_v a_o woman_n animal_n occasionatum_fw-la or_o accessorium_fw-la barbarous_a word_n to_o express_v a_o barbarous_a conceit_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v say_v a_o conceit_n a_o barbarous_a conceit_n creature_n by_o the_o way_n or_o make_v by_o mischance_n yea_o some_o have_v grow_v to_o that_o impudency_n that_o they_o have_v deny_v a_o woman_n to_o have_v a_o soul_n as_o man_n have_v the_o truth_n be_v that_o as_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v the_o same_o divine_a nature_n with_o a_o man_n so_o be_v her_o body_n a_o necessary_a be_v a_o first_o and_o not_o a_o second_o intention_n of_o nature_n her_o proper_a and_o absolute_a work_n not_o her_o error_n or_o prevarication_n the_o difference_n be_v by_o the_o ancient_n in_o few_o word_n elegant_o set_v down_o when_o they_o define_v a_o man_n to_o be_v a_o creature_n beget_v in_o another_o a_o woman_n a_o creature_n beget_v in_o herself_o the_o second_o thing_n require_v to_o perfect_a generation_n be_v the_o mutual_a embracement_n of_o these_o copulation_n 2._o copulation_n two_o sex_n which_o be_v call_v coitus_fw-la or_o coition_n that_o be_v go_v together_o a_o principle_n of_o nature_n whereof_o nothing_o but_o sin_n make_v we_o ashamed_a neither_o be_v these_o embracement_n sufficient_a unless_o from_o either_o sex_n there_o proccede_v a_o three_o thing_n by_o which_o be_v out_o of_o which_o a_o new_a man_n may_v be_v generate_v the_o effusion_n therefore_o of_o seed_n which_o be_v indeed_o the_o immediate_a seed_n 3._o emission_n of_o seed_n principle_n of_o generation_n be_v altogether_o necessary_a otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o a_o generation_n but_o a_o new_a creation_n these_o three_o thing_n therefore_o must_v concur_v to_o a_o perfect_a generation_n a_o distinction_n of_o sex_n their_o copulation_n and_o a_o emission_n of_o seed_n from_o they_o both_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o generation_n seed_n &_o the_o mother_n blood_n whatsoever_o be_v generate_v say_v the_o philosopher_n be_v beget_v out_o of_o somewhat_o and_o from_o somewhat_o else_o be_v it_o as_o we_o say_v a_o new_a creation_n no_o generation_n wherefore_o generation_n two_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o ancient_n have_v resolve_v that_o two_o principle_n must_v concur_v to_o generation_n seed_n &_o the_o mother_n blood_n the_o seed_n be_v the_o principle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o efficient_a or_o workman_n which_o form_v the_o creature_n and_o ex_fw-la quo_fw-la that_o be_v the_o matter_n whereof_o the_o spermatical_a part_n be_v generate_v the_o blood_n have_v only_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o matter_n and_o passive_a principle_n we_o therefore_o use_v the_o school_n word_n because_o they_o most_o emphatical_o express_v the_o thing_n for_o out_o of_o this_o blood_n the_o fleshy_a part_n be_v generate_v and_o both_o the_o spermaticall_a and_o the_o fleshy_a be_v nourish_v the_o nature_n of_o both_o these_o principle_n be_v very_o obscure_a which_o we_o will_v endeavour_n to_o make_v plain_a on_o this_o manner_n the_o seed_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a seman_n genitura_fw-la between_o which_o aristotle_n put_v a_o nice_a difference_n but_o hypocrates_n take_v they_o promiscuous_o for_o the_o same_o and_o so_o we_o will_v call_v it_o seed_n and_o geniture_n which_o we_o define_v a_o body_n moist_a hot_a frothy_a and_o white_a consist_v of_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o last_o and_o perfect_a nourishment_n and_o the_o spirit_n mingle_v therewith_o labour_v and_o boil_a by_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o testicle_n and_o so_o make_v fit_a for_o the_o perfect_a generation_n of_o a_o live_a creature_n seed_n a_o perfect_a definition_n of_o seed_n this_o definition_n do_v full_o and_o sufficient_o express_v all_o the_o cause_n the_o formal_a the_o material_a the_o efficient_a and_o the_o final_a the_o humidity_n heat_n frothinesse_n and_o whiteness_n do_v make_v the_o form_n the_o seed_n be_v moist_a error_n the_o formal_a cause_n ctesias_n his_o error_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v in_o power_n and_o consistence_n and_o therefore_o ctesias_n physician_n to_o king_n artâ—xerxis_n be_v deceive_v who_o think_v that_o the_o seed_n of_o a_o elephant_n be_v so_o dry_a that_o it_o will_v become_v like_a unto_o amber_n but_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o shall_v be_v moist_a as_o well_o that_o it_o may_v be_v mould_v by_o the_o efficient_a as_o also_o because_o it_o must_v contain_v the_o idea_n or_o specifical_a form_n of_o all_o the_o moist_a how_o moist_a particle_n hot_a it_o be_v that_o it_o may_v produce_v those_o form_n for_o cold_a enter_v not_o into_o generation_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o accident_n it_o be_v frothy_a by_o the_o permixtion_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o by_o their_o motion_n frothy_a why_o hot_a why_o frothy_a whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o poet_n call_v venus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o if_o she_o be_v make_v of_o the_o froth_n or_o foam_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o seed_n when_o it_o be_v avoid_v soon_o lose_v his_o magnitude_n because_o the_o spirit_n which_o hove_v it_o up_o do_v vanish_v whereas_o phlegm_n and_o other_o mucous_a matter_n keep_v their_o bulk_n because_o they_o have_v little_a spirit_n in_o they_o it_o be_v white_a because_o it_o be_v boil_a in_o the_o testicle_n and_o the_o spermaticall_a vessel_n who_o inward_a superficies_n be_v white_a as_o also_o because_o it_o contain_v in_o it_o much_o air_n and_o spirit_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v but_o a_o vain_a thing_n which_o herodotus_n report_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o negro_n or_o blacke-moore_n that_o it_o be_v black_a the_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v double_a the_o overplus_n of_o the_o last_o nourishment_n and_o spirit_n that_o blood_n the_o material_a cause_n double_a blood_n overplus_n be_v blood_n not_o alter_v and_o whitned_a in_o the_o solid_a part_n as_o the_o ancient_n imagine_v but_o red_a pure_a and_o sincere_a derive_v to_o the_o testicle_n and_o the_o prepare_v vessel_n from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n through_o the_o spermaticall_a vein_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o man_n who_o consanguinei_fw-la soranus_n why_o kinsman_n be_v call_v consanguinei_fw-la be_v very_o immoderate_a in_o the_o use_n of_o venus_n avoid_v sometime_o bloody_a seed_n yea_o now_o and_o then_o pure_a blood_n of_o this_o mind_n also_o be_v soranus_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v he_o that_o the_o ancient_n call_v those_o that_o be_v of_o a_o kindred_n consanguineos_fw-la i._o of_o the_o same_o blood_n because_o the_o seed_n be_v make_v of_o blood_n which_o phrase_n we_o also_o at_o this_o day_n retain_v the_o other_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v that_o which_o make_v it_o fruitful_a to_o wit_n those_o spirit_n which_o wander_v about_o the_o body_n these_o spirit_n and_o spirit_n potential_o contain_v the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n for_o they_o be_v airy_a and_o moist_a easy_o take_v any_o impression_n and_o pass_v through_o the_o spermaticall_a artery_n to_o the_o mazey_a vessel_n of_o the_o parastatae_n and_o the_o testicle_n there_o they_o be_v exquisite_o mingl_v with_o the_o blood_n and_o of_o two_o be_v make_v one_o body_n like_v as_o of_o that_o admirable_a complication_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a vein_n and_o artery_n be_v make_v one_o vessel_n this_o double_a matter_n of_o the_o seed_n hypocrates_n express_v by_o the_o name_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n watery_a hypocrates_n how_o seed_n be_v fiery_a how_o watery_a for_o so_o he_o say_v sometime_o that_o the_o seed_n be_v fire_n sometime_o he_o call_v it_o water_n it_o be_v fiery_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o spirit_n which_o have_v in_o they_o a_o impetuous_a violence_n or_o nimble_a agility_n whence_o also_o it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d semen_fw-mi turgens_fw-la swell_v seed_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o corpulency_n or_o bulk_n thereof_o it_o be_v call_v aqueum_fw-la watery_a both_o these_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la in_o one_o sentence_n legant_o express_v where_o he_o say_v the_o soul_n creep_v into_o man_n be_v make_v of_o a_o mixture_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n by_o the_o soul_n he_o mean_v the_o seed_n which_o explain_v a_o hard_a place_n of_o hypocrates_n explain_v therefore_o in_o other_o place_n he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v animate_v by_o fire_n he_o mean_v the_o spirit_n and_o the_o inbred_a heat_n which_o be_v common_o call_v innatum_fw-la calidum_fw-la by_o water_n he_o mean_v the_o alimentary_a moisture_n which_o be_v blood_n the_o fire_n say_v he_o move_v all_o thing_n through_o and_o through_o the_o water_n nourish_v all_o thing_n through_o and_o through_o in_o respect_n therefore_o of_o this_o double_a matter_n the_o seed_n carry_v the_o nature_n of_o both_o the_o principle_n of_o
that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o inoculation_n in_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o there_o be_v of_o the_o rough_a artery_n after_o the_o infant_n be_v bear_v now_o all_o man_n acknowledge_v that_o the_o rough_a artery_n be_v ordain_v for_o the_o transvection_n or_o transportation_n of_o the_o external_a and_o ambient_fw-la aer_fw-la to_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o infant_n which_o prepare_v it_o for_o the_o heart_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o aer_fw-la so_o alter_v wherefore_o the_o true_a use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o inculation_n which_o only_o have_v use_v whilst_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o transvection_n or_o transportation_n of_o aer_fw-la but_o that_o internal_a come_n out_o of_o the_o mother_n womb_n through_o the_o chorion_n and_o the_o umbilicall_a vessel_n to_o the_o same_o lung_n of_o the_o infant_n which_o be_v to_o prepare_v it_o for_o his_o heart_n the_o last_o limit_n be_v the_o eleaventh_o month_n the_o time_n between_o be_v the_o nine_o and_o the_o ten_o time_n the_o 11._o month_n the_o last_o time_n this_o be_v rossets_n opinion_n wherein_o he_o labour_v to_o establish_v that_o both_o the_o anastomosis_n or_o inoculation_n be_v appoint_v only_o to_o lead_v air_n to_o the_o lung_n and_o that_o by_o they_o the_o infant_n do_v respire_v and_o the_o lung_n be_v move_v for_o the_o new_a generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n but_o our_o disprove_v rossets_n opinion_n disprove_v opinion_n be_v that_o the_o infant_n do_v not_o at_o all_o respire_v but_o transpire_v only_o as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o next_o question_n neither_o yet_o do_v we_o think_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v have_v be_v make_v so_o notable_a inoculation_n if_o only_o the_o conveyance_n of_o air_n to_o the_o lung_n have_v be_v necessary_a for_o see_v in_o perfect_a creature_n and_o those_o that_o have_v most_o use_n and_o strength_n of_o voice_n there_o be_v but_o one_o weazon_n or_o rough_a artery_n ordain_v why_o shall_v not_o one_o inoculation_n have_v serve_v in_o the_o infant_n while_o yet_o he_o make_v no_o use_n of_o his_o lung_n for_o voice_n it_o have_v be_v more_o probable_a if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o one_o of_o the_o inoculation_n be_v make_v to_o lead_v air_n the_o other_o to_o lead_v blood_n moreover_o if_o only_a air_n be_v lead_v by_o these_o inoculation_n to_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o lung_n why_o do_v there_o appear_v in_o the_o venal_a artery_n so_o red_a blood_n and_o in_o the_o arterial_a vein_n arterial_a blood_n full_a of_o spirit_n with_o what_o blood_n shall_v the_o red_a and_o thick_a lung_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v nourish_v in_o a_o tender_a infant_n that_o transpiration_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o artery_n &_o other_o blind_a passage_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o conservation_n and_o refection_n of_o his_o weak_a heat_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o both_o the_o inoculation_n be_v original_o make_v to_o generate_v and_o nourish_v the_o lung_n because_o whereas_o the_o lung_n of_o a_o infant_n before_o birth_n do_v differ_v from_o conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n his_o lung_n after_o birth_n in_o colour_n thickness_n and_o fastnes_n of_o flesh_n they_o need_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o blood_n for_o their_o generation_n and_o nourishment_n before_o then_o they_o do_v after_o and_o thus_o we_o be_v come_v to_o a_o end_n of_o that_o admirable_a work_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o inoculation_n of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n qvest._n xxvi_o whether_o the_o infant_n in_o the_o womb_n do_v respire_v and_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o lung_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o respiration_n we_o shall_v have_v a_o fit_a place_n to_o dispute_v in_o the_o next_o book_n where_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o lung_n in_o this_o place_n it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a be_v what_o respiration_n be_v to_o give_v you_o galens_n description_n thereof_o in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr salubri_fw-la diaeta_fw-la where_o he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o respiration_n be_v when_o the_o breath_n be_v draw_v in_o and_o let_v out_o by_o the_o mouth_n so_o that_o in_o respiration_n it_o be_v necessary_a the_o chest_n shall_v be_v contract_v and_o again_o dilate_v and_o the_o lung_n move_v thereafter_o if_o therefore_o i_o shall_v prove_v that_o in_o the_o infant_n the_o chest_n be_v not_o contract_v or_o dilate_a nor_o the_o lung_n move_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o he_o do_v not_o respire_v but_o transpire_v only_o the_o vital_a faculty_n in_o bloody_a and_o hot_a creature_n stand_v need_v of_o two_o thing_n for_o the_o conservation_n thereof_o respiration_n and_o pulsation_n but_o those_o creature_n which_o be_v without_o blood_n womb_n that_o the_o infant_n do_v transpire_v only_a not_o respire_v in_o the_o womb_n and_o imperfect_a which_o have_v little_a heat_n do_v live_v content_v only_o with_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o transpiration_n so_o those_o we_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o which_o live_v in_o hole_n all_o winter_n do_v transpire_v but_o respire_v not_o so_o likewise_o hysterical_a woman_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v in_o fit_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o heat_n of_o who_o heart_n be_v languid_a and_o weak_a be_v dissolve_v by_o a_o venomous_a breath_n of_o corrupt_a seed_n do_v live_v a_o time_n without_o respiration_n and_o many_o have_v be_v bury_v for_o dead_a when_o they_o be_v yet_o alive_a the_o infant_n because_o he_o have_v but_o a_o weak_a heat_n and_o be_v in_o the_o womb_n before_o the_o day_n of_o his_o birth_n as_o it_o be_v a_o imperfect_a creature_n be_v content_v only_o with_o transpiration_n and_o therefore_o he_o draw_v not_o his_o breath_n by_o his_o mouth_n neither_o use_v he_o the_o help_n of_o his_o chest_n or_o lung_n moreover_o respiration_n be_v only_o ordain_v for_o the_o behoof_n thereof_o that_o the_o spirituous_a substance_n which_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o glow_a hot_a leave_v ventricle_n thereof_o the_o may_v with_o the_o air_n be_v cool_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o fan_n and_o beside_o purge_v and_o refresh_v but_o there_o be_v no_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o infant_n as_o by_o and_o by_o we_o shall_v demonstrate_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o respiration_n for_o the_o final_a cause_n fail_v which_o move_v all_o the_o rest_n nature_n be_v too_o wise_a to_o undertake_v any_o labour_n the_o infant_n therefore_o do_v not_o respire_v because_o he_o respire_v the_o infant_n neither_o aught_o nor_o can_v respire_v ought_v not_o add_v hereto_o that_o he_o neither_o can_v respire_v for_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o his_o mother_n womb_n and_o compass_v about_o with_o membrane_n if_o he_o shall_v draw_v in_o breath_n at_o his_o mouth_n with_o the_o air_n he_o shall_v also_o draw_v in_o the_o water_n wherein_o he_o swim_v and_o at_o the_o first_o draught_n will_v be_v so_o suffocate_v as_o they_o that_o be_v drown_v in_o a_o river_n again_o he_o have_v no_o air_n that_o he_o may_v draw_v for_o there_o be_v no_o space_n in_o the_o womb_n that_o he_o do_v not_o fill_v and_o beside_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v so_o close_o lock_v up_o that_o it_o will_v not_o admit_v a_o little_a wind_n to_o enter_v into_o it_o again_o that_o no_o air_n be_v inspirate_v by_o the_o mouth_n or_o the_o nostril_n the_o substance_n and_o colour_n of_o the_o lung_n do_v sufficient_o declare_v for_o all_o creature_n which_o draw_v aer_fw-la at_o their_o mouth_n and_o nose_n have_v white_a and_o thin_a lung_n but_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o infant_n as_o have_v be_v often_o say_v be_v red_a and_o thick_a and_o be_v nourish_v with_o red_a and_o thick_a blood_n bring_v unto_o they_o by_o vessel_n have_v single_a coat_n that_o be_v by_o vein_n wherefore_o the_o infant_n do_v not_o respire_v because_o neither_o aught_o he_o answer_v rossets_n objection_n answer_v if_o he_o can_v nor_o can_v if_o he_o ought_v rosset_n object_n that_o by_o both_o the_o inoculation_n there_o be_v plenty_n of_o aer_fw-la transport_v to_o the_o infant_n lung_n because_o it_o dilate_v and_o contract_v his_o chest_n but_o if_o that_o be_v so_o then_o shall_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o chest_n be_v move_v after_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o lung_n be_v puff_v up_o by_o the_o aer_fw-la inspirate_v shall_v enlarge_v the_o chest_n and_o again_o fall_v upon_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o aer_fw-la shall_v compress_v the_o same_o so_o the_o lung_n shall_v not_o be_v fill_v because_o the_o chest_n be_v distend_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n but_o because_o the_o lung_n be_v fill_v the_o chest_n shall_v be_v distend_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o bottle_n or_o bladder_n which_o to_o say_v be_v very_o absurd_a as_o galen_n teach_v in_o a_o thousand_o place_n for_o
the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n attain_v a_o quality_n familiar_a to_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o right_n which_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o bloody_a ventricle_n but_o in_o the_o infant_n there_o be_v neither_o any_o plenty_n of_o aer_fw-la convey_v into_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o weazon_n be_v idle_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o blood_n pour_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n there_o be_v therefore_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n no_o shop_n nor_o workhouse_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n that_o neither_o aer_fw-la nor_o blood_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n be_v manifest_o prove_v by_o the_o structure_n of_o his_o vessel_n for_o the_o vessel_n be_v unite_v the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o the_o venal_a artery_n by_o a_o large_a hole_n the_o great_a artery_n and_o the_o arterial_a vein_n by_o a_o arterial_a pipe_n or_o canale_n wherefore_o the_o hollow_a vein_n do_v not_o pour_v blood_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n as_o it_o do_v after_o we_o be_v bear_v but_o into_o the_o venal_a artery_n through_o that_o hole_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n the_o venal_a artery_n lead_v not_o aer_fw-la but_o blood_n and_o that_o thick_a and_o venal_a the_o great_a artery_n do_v not_o draw_v spirit_n from_o the_o heart_n but_o from_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n which_o it_o transmit_v by_o the_o arterial_a pipe_n into_o the_o arterial_a vein_n now_o if_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v generate_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o that_o arterial_a pipe_n see_v there_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n a_o wide_a vessel_n which_o be_v diverse_o disperse_v through_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o lung_n i_o mean_v the_o venal_a artery_n this_o sure_o be_v a_o strong_a demonstration_n who_o force_n no_o man_n can_v perceive_v unless_o he_o be_v skill_v in_o anatomy_n for_o it_o depend_v whole_o upon_o ocular_a demonstration_n and_o the_o credit_n of_o a_o man_n own_o sight_n but_o this_o we_o will_v establish_v by_o other_o reason_n there_o be_v in_o the_o infant_n no_o necessity_n of_o that_o common_a storehouse_n or_o work_n house_n of_o the_o spirit_n because_o the_o two_o umbilicall_a artery_n do_v supply_v unto_o he_o arterial_a blood_n and_o a_o sufficient_a argument_n the_o second_o argument_n proportion_n of_o vital_a spirit_n and_o those_o very_a pure_a and_o bright_a as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o strong_a heat_n of_o the_o mother_n heart_n nature_n do_v nothing_o idle_o or_o in_o vein_n why_o therefore_o shall_v she_o make_v two_o umbilicall_a artery_n if_o new_a arterial_a blood_n be_v to_o be_v generate_v in_o the_o infant_n heart_n you_o will_v say_v that_o the_o mother_n arterial_a blood_n be_v unprofitable_a and_o not_o so_o fit_a for_o the_o spirit_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o new_a vital_a spirit_n use_n of_o the_o infant_n and_o therefore_o it_o need_v to_o be_v reboyled_n by_o his_o heart_n but_o i_o desire_v to_o be_v show_v the_o way_n whereby_o that_o arterial_a blood_n can_v be_v transmit_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o can_v pass_v together_o ward_n because_o nature_n have_v bolt_v it_o with_o 3._o value_n which_o look_v from_o within_o outward_a albeit_o we_o think_v with_o galen_n that_o some_o small_a quantity_n of_o the_o blood_n sype_v into_o the_o heart_n to_o nourish_v it_o and_o preserve_v his_o life_n from_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o be_v free_o pour_v into_o the_o arterial_a vein_n through_o the_o arterial_a pipe_n but_o from_o the_o arterial_a vein_n into_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v no_o way_n open_v for_o the_o membrane_n or_o value_n of_o this_o vessel_n be_v open_a outward_o but_o close_v within_o which_o give_v way_n to_o any_o thing_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o hart_n but_o do_v intercept_v the_o return_n of_o it_o into_o the_o heart_n see_v therefore_o that_o the_o arterial_a blood_n of_o the_o mother_n do_v not_o forsake_v the_o artery_n neither_o have_v any_o access_n unto_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n we_o can_v admit_v any_o new_a preparation_n of_o the_o old_a or_o preparation_n of_o any_o new_a again_o if_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o mother_n and_o the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v prepare_v for_o the_o nourishment_n argument_n the_o three_o argument_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o their_o heat_n as_o petreus_n will_v have_v it_o why_o also_o shall_v not_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n live_v by_o the_o influence_n and_o illustration_n of_o the_o same_o spirit_n or_o if_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n do_v generate_v vital_a spirit_n whereby_o the_o life_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v preserve_v why_o shall_v it_o be_v think_v insufficient_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o lung_n which_o be_v but_o a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a wherefore_o the_o infant_n true_o live_v by_o his_o own_o proper_a life_n but_o he_o never_o engender_v new_a spirit_n nor_o have_v any_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n notwithstanding_o idle_a why_o the_o hart_n of_o the_o infant_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v idle_a we_o must_v not_o say_v that_o therefore_o the_o heart_n be_v idle_a for_o philosopher_n say_v that_o be_v only_o idle_a which_o do_v not_o work_v when_o it_o ought_v and_o when_o it_o can_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o embryo_n neither_o can_v make_v vital_a spirit_n nor_o aught_o if_o it_o can_v it_o ought_v not_o because_o the_o two_o umbilicall_a artery_n do_v supply_v both_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o spirit_n and_o those_o also_o very_o pure_a nether_a can_v it_o because_o there_o be_v a_o want_n of_o matter_n for_o it_o have_v no_o air_n which_o it_o shall_v draw_v as_o therefore_o we_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v any_o new_a chilification_n or_o sanguification_n in_o the_o infant_n for_o where_o shall_v the_o recrement_n of_o either_o of_o they_o be_v reserve_v or_o treasure_v for_o seven_o month_n together_o so_o neither_o do_v we_o admit_v a_o new_a generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n but_o you_o will_v object_v that_o infant_n artery_n be_v move_v and_o all_o motion_n objection_n objection_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v from_o the_o heart_n because_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v continuate_v together_o wherefore_o if_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v together_o with_o the_o heart_n it_o will_v follow_v necessary_o that_o we_o must_v admit_v in_o the_o infant_n the_o vital_a faculty_n by_o which_o the_o spirit_n be_v engender_v i_o answer_v that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v indeed_o move_v but_o that_o their_o motion_n follow_v answer_n answer_n or_o flow_v from_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mother_n so_o that_o his_o artery_n do_v not_o beat_v by_o a_o proper_a and_o ingenite_fw-la faculty_n of_o their_o own_o nor_o by_o any_o power_n issue_v from_o his_o heart_n but_o by_o artery_n the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v move_v after_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o mother_n artery_n a_o force_n and_o efficacy_n transmit_v from_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mother_n that_o these_o thing_n be_v thus_o this_o elegant_a demonstration_n i_o think_v will_v sufficient_o prove_v it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o womb_n do_v so_o adhere_v to_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n of_o the_o chorion_n that_o both_o arterial_a and_o venal_a blood_n do_v flow_v out_o of_o one_o unto_o the_o other_o and_o this_o continuity_n of_o the_o vessel_n galen_n make_v often_o mention_v of_o for_o in_o his_o book_n demonstration_n the_o first_o demonstration_n de_fw-fr dissectione_fw-la uteri_fw-la he_o say_v the_o end_n of_o that_o vessel_n which_o be_v propagate_v through_o the_o womb_n give_v beginning_n to_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o chorion_n so_o that_o you_o may_v call_v these_o two_o one_o vessel_n for_o their_o mouth_n be_v so_o unite_v that_o the_o vein_n draw_v blood_n from_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o artery_n spirit_n from_o the_o artery_n if_o this_o be_v true_a in_o the_o artery_n so_o open_v into_o the_o mouth_n either_o of_o other_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mother_n womb_n when_o it_o beat_v must_v drive_v arterial_a blood_n into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o chorion_n which_o be_v continual_a therewith_o otherwise_o that_o arterial_a blood_n must_v either_o recoil_v into_o the_o womb_n out_o of_o the_o which_o it_o be_v issue_v or_o else_o there_o must_v be_v a_o conculcation_n of_o two_o body_n confuse_v and_o mingle_v in_o the_o same_o time_n and_o place_n mutual_o penetrate_v one_o the_o other_o whence_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o if_o we_o grant_v there_o be_v a_o
dilatation_n in_o the_o diastole_n we_o must_v also_o yield_v that_o there_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o in_o the_o same_o vessel_n a_o compression_n in_o the_o systole_n furthermore_o be_v it_o not_o true_a which_o the_o philosopher_n so_o often_o urge_v that_o a_o part_n of_o that_o second_o the_o second_o which_o be_v continual_a be_v move_v the_o whole_a be_v move_v unless_o it_o be_v hinder_v the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v continuate_v with_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mother_n therefore_o when_o the_o mother_n artery_n be_v dilate_v it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o artery_n also_o of_o the_o chorion_n must_v be_v dilate_v but_o if_o that_o pulsative_a faculty_n do_v flow_v from_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o embryo_n there_o shall_v flow_v also_o vital_a spirit_n from_o the_o left_a ventricle_n into_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n which_o always_o be_v accompany_v with_o arterial_a blood_n and_o so_o the_o arterial_a blood_n of_o the_o mother_n shall_v be_v always_o mix_v with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n of_o the_o infant_n and_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o double_a motion_n in_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n one_o from_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o embryo_n the_o other_o from_o the_o mother_n artery_n which_o will_v not_o be_v answerable_a but_o contrary_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v move_v after_o the_o mother_n artery_n because_o they_o be_v continuate_v with_o they_o and_o therefore_o that_o that_o vital_a faculty_n which_o procreat_v the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o the_o arterial_a blood_n must_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v in_o the_o infant_n galen_n sometime_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v of_o this_o opinion_n for_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr formatione_fw-la opinion_n galens_n opinion_n foetus_fw-la he_o say_v that_o the_o infant_n live_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o plant_n and_o therefore_o stand_v neither_o in_o need_n of_o the_o action_n of_o the_o heart_n nor_o of_o the_o brain_n as_o neither_o of_o the_o eye_n nor_o of_o the_o ear_n as_o therefore_o a_o plant_n owe_v all_o his_o life_n unto_o the_o earth_n so_o the_o infant_n owe_v all_o to_o the_o mother_n yea_o sometime_o he_o say_v that_o the_o infant_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n body_n as_o therefore_o a_o part_n of_o the_o body_n need_v not_o any_o particular_a respiration_n nor_o any_o particular_a stomach_n to_o digest_v his_o aliment_n yet_o of_o necessity_n require_v the_o pulsation_n of_o artery_n so_o the_o infant_n live_v content_v only_o with_o transpiration_n which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o the_o diastole_n and_o systole_n of_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o 21._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la galen_n say_v we_o need_v not_o wonder_v galen_n galen_n that_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n to_o his_o proper_a life_n need_v but_o a_o little_a spirit_n which_o he_o may_v draw_v out_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n see_v it_o send_v neither_o blood_n nor_o spirit_n to_o the_o lung_n nor_o to_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n as_o it_o do_v in_o perfect_a creature_n where_o mark_n that_o he_o say_v the_o heart_n may_v draw_v a_o little_a out_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n for_o the_o value_v or_o floodgate_n there_o set_v by_o nature_n do_v not_o hinder_v a_o little_a arterial_a blood_n and_o spirit_n from_o sipe_v into_o the_o heart_n but_o they_o hinder_v a_o sudden_a and_o plentiful_a consluence_n such_o as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a if_o of_o they_o the_o heart_n shall_v make_v vital_a spirit_n and_o arterial_a blood_n for_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o infant_n this_o i_o say_v be_v galens_n opinion_n yet_o in_o many_o place_n he_o seem_v to_o say_v the_o quite_o contrary_a that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v move_v by_o a_o faculty_n send_v from_o his_o heart_n unto_o they_o galen_n the_o contrary_a opinion_n that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v move_v by_o a_o power_n issue_v from_o his_o hart_n authority_n out_o of_o galen_n and_o that_o the_o heart_n itself_o be_v move_v by_o a_o inbred_a and_o proper_a motion_n in_o the_o 22._o chapter_n of_o the_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la the_o heart_n say_v he_o not_o only_o in_o perfect_a creature_n but_o also_o in_o infant_n suppli_v to_o their_o artery_n the_o power_n by_o which_o they_o be_v move_v and_o in_o 21._o chapter_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n if_o you_o tie_v the_o artery_n of_o the_o navel_n whilst_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o the_o womb_n all_o the_o artery_n which_o be_v in_o the_o chorion_n will_v cease_v beat_v &_o yet_o those_o artery_n which_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o embryo_n will_v continue_v their_o pulsation_n but_o if_o with_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n you_o tie_v also_o the_o umbilicall_a vein_n then_o will_v the_o artery_n which_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o infant_n leave_v beat_v also_o by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a first_o that_o that_o power_n which_o move_v the_o artery_n of_o the_o chorion_n proceed_v from_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n again_o that_o the_o artery_n get_v spirit_n from_o the_o vein_n by_o their_o inoculation_n in_o the_o same_o book_n in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v the_o heart_n in_o the_o infant_n when_o it_o dilate_v itself_o draw_v blood_n and_o spirit_n from_o out_o of_o the_o venal_a artery_n in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr formatione_fw-la foetus_fw-la when_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n come_v to_o have_v ventricle_n and_o have_v receive_v venal_a and_o arterial_a blood_n than_o it_o pulse_v and_o together_o with_o itself_o move_v the_o artery_n so_o that_o it_o live_v now_o not_o only_o as_o a_o plant_n but_o also_o as_o a_o creature_n this_o opinion_n may_v also_o be_v confirm_v by_o reason_n see_v the_o heart_n be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o fire-hearth_n if_o you_o deprive_v it_o of_o motion_n it_o have_v nothing_o leave_v wherewith_o it_o may_v be_v refrigerated_a by_o transpiration_n argument_n the_o first_o argument_n it_o can_v because_o it_o be_v include_v in_o a_o hot_a and_o narrow_a room_n nor_o by_o the_o appulsion_n of_o external_a air_n for_o the_o solidity_n and_o thightnesse_n of_o the_o membrane_n wherewith_o it_o be_v compass_v hinder_v the_o access_n thereof_o add_v hereto_o that_o those_o watery_a excrement_n do_v hinder_v the_o perspiration_n neither_o have_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n any_o refrigeration_n from_o the_o mother_n artery_n by_o the_o access_n of_o a_o new_a matter_n or_o spirit_n for_o nothing_o can_v arrive_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n from_o his_o artery_n because_o of_o the_o membrane_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n the_o motion_n therefore_o of_o the_o heart_n be_v necessary_a by_o the_o benefit_n whereof_o both_o blood_n and_o spirit_n be_v draw_v into_o it_o and_o from_o thence_o communicate_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o credit_n argument_n the_o 2_o argument_n also_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v increase_v by_o history_n for_o many_o woman_n report_v that_o some_o have_v be_v cut_v out_o of_o their_o mother_n womb_n after_o they_o be_v dead_a and_o so_o save_v as_o scipio_n and_o manilius_n womb_n history_n of_o many_o cut_n out_o of_o their_o mother_n womb_n the_o civil_a lawyer_n do_v condemn_v he_o as_o a_o murderer_n that_o shall_v bury_v a_o woman_n great_a with_o child_n before_o he_o have_v take_v the_o infant_n from_o she_o because_o together_o with_o the_o dead_a mother_n he_o seem_v or_o his_o hold_v in_o construction_n to_o have_v bury_v a_o live_a infant_n which_o law_n be_v make_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o physician_n do_v sufficient_o declare_v that_o the_o infant_n may_v suruive_v after_o the_o mother_n be_v dead_a it_o be_v report_v that_o gorgias_n the_o epirot_n after_o his_o mother_n be_v dead_a and_o upon_o the_o beer_n to_o be_v bury_v yssue_v alive_a from_o her_o womb_n which_o can_v not_o have_v be_v unless_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n have_v have_v in_o it_o a_o vital_a faculty_n which_o without_o the_o assistance_n and_o communion_n of_o the_o mother_n heart_n for_o a_o while_o do_v sustain_v his_o life_n but_o i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o be_v hard_a to_o give_v a_o sufficient_a answer_n to_o all_o these_o authority_n and_o argument_n for_o galens_n authority_n we_o make_v the_o less_o account_n of_o it_o because_o it_o contradict_v argument_n answer_n to_o the_o authority_n and_o argument_n himself_o moreover_o we_o say_v that_o the_o experiment_n which_o galen_n bid_v ustry_n be_v impossible_a for_o you_o can_v intercept_v the_o umbilicall_a vein_n and_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n unless_o the_o mother_n be_v dead_a and_o her_o womb_n open_v and_o
in_o the_o mother_n womb_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o draw_v into_o act_n till_o the_o chest_n distend_v itself_o do_v draw_v in_o the_o air_n whereof_o that_o vital_a spirit_n be_v make_v about_o who_o generation_n that_o pulsative_a virtue_n be_v whole_o occupy_v as_o for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n we_o conceive_v that_o they_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n like_v as_o a_o lute_n lie_v by_o another_o that_o be_v play_v upon_o will_v represent_v or_o return_v the_o distinct_a tune_n thereof_o i_o may_v here_o enter_v into_o a_o large_a discourse_n of_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o heart_n how_o in_o this_o little_o world_n it_o be_v like_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o great_a world_n how_o it_o continual_o supply_v the_o expense_n of_o vital_a spirit_n how_o it_o quicken_v and_o strengthen_v the_o natural_a heat_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n how_o it_o be_v a_o emblem_n of_o a_o excellent_a magistrate_n how_o the_o lung_n as_o fresh_a fan_n do_v temper_v the_o flame_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n furnace_n and_o how_o as_o bellows_n they_o kindle_v the_o same_o again_o for_o albeit_o this_o sun_n of_o the_o body_n can_v never_o be_v true_o eclipse_v this_o genial_a fire_n never_o extinguish_v without_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o individuum_fw-la yet_o we_o see_v in_o many_o cold_a disease_n of_o the_o brain_n &_o malignant_a exhalation_n from_o the_o womb_n that_o to_o our_o sense_n this_o spark_n of_o sacred_a fire_n be_v deaden_v and_o put_v out_o which_o notwithstanding_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v afterward_o blow_v up_o into_o a_o luculent_a flame_n beside_o the_o organ_n of_o life_n there_o belong_v also_o to_o this_o region_n another_o no_o less_o admirable_a instrument_n of_o nature_n whereby_o the_o voice_n be_v so_o diversify_v that_o upon_o the_o ground_n thereof_o that_o noble_a science_n of_o music_n have_v be_v from_o the_o beginning_n and_o still_o be_v infinite_o propagate_v and_o yet_o the_o end_n or_o perfection_n thereof_o not_o attain_v unto_o but_o why_o do_v i_o go_v about_o in_o this_o place_n to_o exemplify_v the_o administration_n of_o nature_n in_o this_o middle_a region_n consider_v that_o to_o say_v a_o little_a be_v derogatory_n from_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o argument_n to_o say_v much_o be_v here_o in_o vain_a see_v the_o follow_a discourse_n be_v purposely_o address_v for_o the_o reader_n satisfaction_n therein_o chap._n i._o of_o the_o thorax_n or_o chest_n and_o the_o division_n of_o it_o the_o middle_a belly_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o a_o word_n which_o signify_v to_o leap_v or_o dance_v because_o in_o it_o the_o heart_n continual_o move_v from_o the_o ingate_n limit_v the_o chest_n how_o it_o be_v limit_v to_o the_o outgate_n of_o life_n it_o be_v comprehend_v by_o the_o rib_n or_o rather_o circumscribe_v by_o the_o rib_n and_o patell_n bone_n and_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o low_a belly_n by_o the_o midriff_n or_o diaphragma_n and_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n or_o conceptacle_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n which_o harbour_v especial_o in_o the_o heart_n for_o who_o sake_n this_o chest_n or_o thorax_n be_v make_v crowd_n the_o chest_n be_v make_v for_o the_o heart_n compare_v to_o a_o crowd_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o breathe_a part_n and_o the_o shop_n wherein_o the_o voice_n be_v frame_v and_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v call_v of_o hypocrates_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d testudo_fw-la a_o cittern_n or_o crowd_n because_o the_o sound_n of_o it_o make_v music_n it_o be_v place_v between_o the_o upper_a and_o low_a belly_n that_o the_o native_a heat_n which_o reside_v in_o the_o heart_n may_v be_v equal_o communicate_v to_o all_o the_o part_n table_n i._o show_v the_o body_n when_o all_o the_o bowel_n be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o recline_v backward_o that_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o midriff_n may_v better_o be_v discern_v it_o show_v also_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o chest_n as_o yet_o cover_v tabula_fw-la i._n the_o substance_n of_o it_o be_v neither_o altogether_o bony_a as_o the_o scull_n be_v for_o than_o it_o can_v not_o have_v structure_n the_o substance_n and_o structure_n be_v move_v nor_o altogether_o fleshy_a as_o the_o low_a belly_n for_o then_o the_o muscle_n will_v have_v fall_v upon_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o lung_n even_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n wherefore_o that_o both_o there_o may_v be_v a_o space_n within_o for_o the_o motion_n and_o also_o all_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o the_o iustrument_n may_v be_v move_v together_o the_o muscle_n and_o the_o bone_n be_v set_v as_o it_o be_v by_o course_n one_o beside_o another_o for_o because_o the_o heart_n one_o of_o the_o principal_a bowel_n be_v to_o be_v seat_v in_o this_o chest_n it_o need_v it_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o a_o more_o safe_a and_o secure_a muniment_n or_o defence_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v wall_v about_o with_o bone_n but_o because_o the_o exceed_a great_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o much_o cold_a aer_fw-la by_o which_o as_o by_o a_o fan_n it_o may_v be_v ventilate_v and_o preserve_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o chest_n shall_v be_v movable_a that_o in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o it_o aer_fw-la be_v draw_v into_o the_o lung_n may_v refresh_v the_o heart_n and_o in_o the_o contraction_n the_o sooty_a vapour_n may_v be_v expel_v whereforeit_n be_v necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v compose_v of_o many_o bone_n which_o because_o they_o shall_v mutual_o follow_v the_o motion_n one_o of_o another_o it_o be_v requisite_a also_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v join_v together_o with_o some_o pliable_a substance_n such_o as_o be_v a_o cartilege_n or_o gristle_n the_o chest_n therefore_o be_v move_v with_o muscle_n &_o make_v up_o and_o compact_v with_o bone_n &_o therefore_o be_v right_o call_v the_o middle_a venture_n not_o only_o because_o of_o his_o situation_n but_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o substance_n neither_o whole_o bony_a as_o the_o head_n nor_o whole_o fleshy_a as_o the_o low_a venture_n belly_n how_o right_o call_v the_o middle_a belly_n the_o whole_a thorax_n or_o chest_n be_v divide_v inro_fw-la a_o before_o part_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pertus_fw-fr common_o the_o breast_n the_o side_n part_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d latera_fw-la the_o side_n and_o the_o back_o partcalled_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dorsum_fw-la the_o back_o all_o which_o appear_v in_o this_o precedent_a table_n chest_n the_o division_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o part_n of_o this_o chest_n be_v some_o contain_v some_o contain_v the_o contain_v part_n be_v common_a or_o proper_a the_o common_a be_v the_o skin-scarfe_n or_o cuticle_n the_o skin_n the_o fat_a the_o fleshy_a pannicle_n and_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o muscle_n the_o proper_a be_v soft_a or_o hard_o the_o soft_a be_v fleshy_a as_o the_o muscle_n and_o the_o breast_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o as_o rather_o belong_v it_o the_o part_n of_o it_o to_o the_o low_a venture_n though_o for_o ornament_n and_o commodious_a use_n they_o have_v their_o seat_n here_o or_o membranous_a as_o the_o pleura_fw-la and_o the_o mediastinum_fw-la the_o hard_a part_n be_v bone_n or_o gristle_n and_o first_o of_o the_o contain_v part_n after_o of_o those_o contain_v according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o dissection_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o skin_n the_o fat_a and_o the_o skin_n vessel_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o the_o neck_n because_o we_o have_v entreat_v at_o large_a in_o the_o former_a book_n of_o the_o common_a contain_v part_n we_o will_v only_o here_o show_v how_o far_o in_o this_o place_n they_o differ_v part_n how_o the_o common_a invest_v part_n differ_v from_o the_o same_o in_o other_o part_n from_o the_o same_o in_o other_o part_n and_o so_o pass_v on_o unto_o the_o proper_a contain_v part_n the_o scarfe-skin_n and_o skin_n of_o the_o chest_n do_v herein_o differ_v from_o the_o same_o in_o the_o low_a belly_n because_o in_o the_o armpit_n it_o be_v hairy_a which_o hair_n be_v call_v by_o hadriaus_n pit_n the_o hair_n of_o the_o arm_n pit_n junius_n grandebalae_n i_o think_v coin_a of_o a_o greek_a word_n which_o signify_v to_o send_v soorth_o and_o a_o latin_a which_o signify_v great_a because_o in_o some_o man_n of_o all_o the_o hair_n of_o the_o body_n they_o come_v out_o the_o great_a and_o most_o brislie_a imitate_v plautus_n who_o to_o serve_v his_o turn_n make_v the_o word_n grandegro_n to_o stalk_v on_o with_o wide_a step_n of_o grandee_n and_o eo_fw-la but_o the_o use_n of_o these_o hair_n be_v that_o those_o part_n which_o sweat_n soon_o and_o most_o for_o here_o be_v the_o emunctory_n of_o the_o heart_n unto_o use_n their_o use_n which_o it_o send_v his_o excrement_n as_o we_o see_v ordinary_o in_o plague_n
ventricle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 3._o hh_o be_v make_v just_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o heart_n if_o you_o ventricle_n the_o left_a ventricle_n take_v away_o that_o part_n which_o make_v the_o right_a you_o shall_v better_o perceive_v it_o it_o be_v narrow_a than_o the_o former_a because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o contain_v a_o less_o quantity_n of_o matter_n and_o his_o cavity_n be_v round_a and_o go_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr anatom_n administ_n though_o vesalius_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n as_o we_o have_v say_v unto_o the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o cone_fw-it his_o flesh_n or_o thickness_n the_o reason_n of_o his_o thickness_n wall_n be_v thrice_o so_o thick_o table_n 10._o fig._n 8._o rq_n as_o that_o of_o the_o other_o as_o well_o because_o of_o the_o smallness_n of_o his_o cavity_n which_o must_v needs_o leave_v the_o side_n thick_a as_o also_o for_o that_o it_o preserve_v the_o inbred_a heat_n it_o be_v also_o hard_o and_o more_o solid_a to_o keep_v in_o the_o vital_a spirit_n that_o they_o do_v not_o exhale_v or_o vapour_n out_o and_o to_o poise_n the_o body_n the_o thickness_n of_o this_o and_o subtility_n of_o the_o content_n answer_v to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o other_o and_o thickness_n of_o his_o content_n that_o so_o the_o hart_n may_v not_o incline_v too_o much_o on_o either_o side_n in_o this_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v labour_v and_o contain_v heart_n the_o poise_n of_o the_o heart_n together_o with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n wherefore_o galen_n in_o the_o 7._o and_o 11._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o russus_n call_v it_o the_o spiritual_a other_o the_o spongy_a airy_a and_o arterial_a ventricle_n for_o in_o the_o cavity_n of_o this_o ventricle_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v labour_v and_o from_o hence_o by_o the_o it_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o it_o artery_n be_v distribute_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n to_o cherish_v the_o inbred_a heat_n of_o the_o part_n to_o revive_v it_o when_o it_o grow_v dull_a or_o drowsy_a and_o to_o restore_v it_o when_o it_o be_v consume_v the_o matter_n of_o this_o spirit_n say_v galen_n be_v double_a airy_a and_o bloody_a mingle_v together_o spirit_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o nose_n &_o prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n while_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v and_o the_o blood_n attenuate_v and_o concoct_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n be_v partly_o distribute_v into_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n for_o their_o nourishment_n partly_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o left_a ventricle_n through_o his_o wall_n and_o retain_v by_o a_o inbred_a propriety_n which_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o air_n be_v absolve_v and_o perfect_v by_o the_o proper_a virtue_n of_o the_o heart_n his_o inbred_a spirit_n heat_n and_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o so_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o spirit_n which_o be_v continual_o nourish_v by_o the_o arterial_a blood_n this_o blood_n thus_o fraught_v with_o spirit_n in_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v pour_v out_o into_o the_o great_a artery_n to_o sustain_v the_o life_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n for_o all_o life_n be_v from_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o inward_a face_n of_o both_o the_o ventricle_n be_v unequal_a and_o rugged_a that_o the_o substance_n which_o ventricle_n the_o inward_a superficies_n of_o the_o ventricle_n come_v into_o the_o heart_n shall_v not_o slip_v out_o before_o they_o be_v perfect_v for_o which_o purpose_n also_o the_o value_n do_v stand_v in_o great_a stead_n that_o inequality_n come_v partly_o by_o reason_n of_o many_o small_a den_n which_o be_v more_o notable_a be_v whence_o the_o inequality_n be_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n wherefore_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n say_v it_o be_v more_o break_a and_o abrupt_a than_o the_o right_n because_o here_o nature_n hide_v the_o divine_a fire_n which_o the_o poet_n feign_v prometheus_n steal_v from_o heaven_n to_o give_v life_n unto_o man_n and_o hypocrates_n because_o of_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o this_o place_n think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n partly_o because_o there_o be_v fire_n prometheus_n fire_n certain_a small_a fleshy_a particle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 5._o oh_o figure_n 6._o l_o figure_n hh_n figure_n 8._o m_o table_n 12._o fig._n 2._o sâ—_n which_o about_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n appear_v small_a &_o slender_a to_o which_o the_o nervous_a fibre_n of_o the_o value_v table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o gg_n figure_n 8._o l_o call_v by_o galen_n in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o his_o â—_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o by_o archangelus_n the_o ligament_n of_o the_o heart_n do_v grow_v these_o ventricle_n be_v divide_v by_o a_o wall_n or_o partition_n table_n 10._o figure_n 3._o h_o figure_n 6._o hh_o figure_n ventricle_n the_o wall_n of_o the_o ventricle_n 7._o â—_o figure_n x._o r_n least_o the_o content_n shall_v be_v mingle_v and_o shuffle_v together_o which_o on_o the_o right_a side_n bear_v out_o as_o we_o say_v and_o be_v gibbous_a on_o the_o left_a concave_n and_o hollow_a and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o thickness_n with_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n as_o if_o the_o heart_n be_v only_o make_v for_o the_o left_a ventricle_n sake_n this_o wall_n be_v also_o full_a of_o hole_n and_o small_a trench_n it_o may_v be_v aristotle_n therefore_o call_v it_o â—_o three_o ventricle_n that_o in_o they_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v wrought_v into_o a_o further_a thinness_n porous_a also_o it_o be_v especial_o on_o the_o right_a side_n that_o the_o blood_n may_v more_o free_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o right_a â—nto_o the_o left_a side_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n which_o galen_n insinuate_v in_o these_o word_n in_o the_o 15._o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr naturalibus_fw-la facultatibus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o right_a civity_n that_o which_o be_v thin_a be_v draw_v by_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o wall_n who_o utmost_a end_v a_o man_n can_v scarce_o discern_v because_o in_o dead_a body_n all_o such_o passage_n fall_v together_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v carry_v by_o these_o passage_n it_o appear_v because_o nature_n never_o endeavour_v any_o thing_n rash_o or_o in_o vein_n but_o there_o be_v many_o trench_n as_o it_o be_v and_o deep_a cave_n in_o the_o partition_n which_o have_v narrow_a determination_n thus_o far_o galen_n these_o breathe_a passage_n be_v most_o conspicuous_a in_o a_o ox_n heart_n after_o it_o be_v long_o sod_v discern_v how_o best_o discern_v but_o there_o be_v some_o as_o varolius_n columbus_n and_o vlmus_fw-la who_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o passage_n and_o will_v that_o the_o blood_n shall_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n man_n the_o opinion_n of_o some_o learned_a man_n into_o the_o lung_n part_n of_o which_o to_o remain_v for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o the_o remaydâ—â—â—_n to_o be_v convey_v after_o some_o alteration_n in_o the_o lung_n mingle_v with_o the_o air_n which_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o breath_n through_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o generation_n of_o the_o vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n but_o we_o will_v leave_v this_o subtle_a question_n to_o philosopher_n for_o we_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v make_v this_o mention_n of_o both_o way_n by_o which_o it_o may_v pass_v leave_v the_o controversy_n to_o far_a disquisition_n at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n on_o either_o side_n hang_v a_o appendixe_v table_n 9_o figure_n 2._o â—â—â—â—_o â—â—_z 10._o figure_n 3._o be_v which_o be_v call_v the_o ear_n not_o from_o any_o profit_n action_n or_o use_v it_o have_v say_v deafeeare_n the_o deafeeare_n galen_n in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o therefore_o we_o in_o english_a call_v it_o common_o the_o deafe-eare_n but_o for_o the_o similitude_n for_o it_o have_v a_o long_a basis_n and_o end_v in_o a_o obtuse_a or_o blunt_a cone_n or_o point_n these_o be_v place_v about_o the_o ventricle_n before_o the_o orifice_n or_o entrance_n of_o the_o vessel_n right_a their_o situation_n the_o right_a which_o carry_v matter_n into_o the_o heart_n the_o right_n table_n 9_o figure_n 2._o 1table_n 10._o figure_n 1_o b_o fig._n 3._o 2_o which_o be_v place_v near_o table_n 10._o figure_n 3._o a_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v the_o large_a and_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o common_a body_n together_o with_o the_o vein_n and_o his_o cone_n or_o point_n look_v upward_o but_o the_o leave_v table_n 10._o figure_n 2_o f_o figure_n 3_o e_o place_v
they_o be_v like_o a_o semicircle_n or_o halfmoon_n or_o the_o figure_n whence_o the_o value_v be_v their_o figure_n latin_a letter_n â—_o if_o all_o these_o three_o be_v together_o stretch_v and_o set_v upright_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o one_o great_a value_n stop_v up_o the_o whole_a orifice_n &_o whilst_o they_o be_v stretch_v carry_v their_o figure_n of_o the_o halfmoon_n but_o when_o they_o sink_v or_o flag_n than_o they_o become_v rugous_a and_o resemble_v the_o moon_n in_o the_o first_o quarter_n their_o outward_a cover_v or_o circunference_n as_o also_o be_v that_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n be_v more_o solid_a vessel_n the_o utter_a coat_n of_o this_o vessel_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o body_n for_o where_o in_o both_o orificies_n they_o touch_v themselves_o or_o join_v some_o way_n together_o they_o become_v so_o indurate_v that_o they_o appear_v to_o be_v like_o a_o long_a and_o round_o tilage_n the_o venall_n artery_n tab._n 10_o fig._n 2_o g_o h_o not_o right_o express_v table_n 11_o fig._n 1_o d_o be_v a_o vessel_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n a_o artery_n because_o of_o his_o use_n for_o it_o contain_v and_o bring_v aer_fw-la artery_n the_o venal_a artery_n as_o also_o because_o it_o beat_v as_o other_o pulse_n do_v not_o so_o indeed_o that_o it_o can_v be_v discern_v by_o the_o eye_n but_o so_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v because_o it_o be_v continuate_v with_o the_o left_a ventricle_n visible_a it_o have_v pulsation_n though_o not_o visible_a where_o be_v the_o original_n of_o pulsation_n a_o vein_n it_o be_v as_o be_v of_o the_o substance_n that_o vein_n be_v of_o it_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n at_o his_o basis_n with_o a_o spacious_a &_o round_a &_o open_a orifice_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o cc_o great_a then_o that_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v his_o beginning_n out_o of_o the_o soft_a part_n of_o the_o ventricle_n but_o it_o may_v better_o be_v believe_v to_o have_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n if_o we_o mark_v the_o connexion_n that_o be_v find_v in_o infant_n unborn_a it_o have_v but_o one_o thin_a and_o simple_a coat_n in_o grow_v body_n that_o the_o lung_n may_v be_v single_a his_o coat_n but_o single_a nourish_v with_o defaecated_a thin_a and_o vaporous_a blood_n bring_v by_o it_o but_o send_v by_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o in_o a_o great_a quantity_n than_o a_o thick_a stiff_a vessel_n will_v carry_v because_o the_o lung_n be_v part_n of_o great_a expense_n as_o well_o because_o of_o their_o continual_a motion_n as_o also_o for_o the_o rareness_n and_o looseness_n of_o their_o substance_n which_o suffer_v the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o exhale_v reason_n why_o this_o vessel_n be_v to_o be_v capacious_a many_o reason_n from_o they_o again_o it_o be_v needful_a that_o this_o vessel_n shall_v be_v capacious_a becave_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n require_v great_a store_n of_o air_n for_o the_o temper_n of_o it_o beside_o that_o it_o need_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o spirit_n for_o in_o grow_v man_n it_o have_v the_o use_n of_o a_o artery_n to_o carry_v air_n &_o not_o of_o a_o vein_n as_o it_o have_v while_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o the_o mother_n womb_n and_o again_o the_o large_a it_o be_v and_o more_o spacious_a the_o better_a may_v the_o smoke_n and_o soot_n pass_v through_o it_o into_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o weazon_n without_o infect_v the_o air_n it_o brink_v into_o the_o heart_n which_o in_o a_o narrow_a passage_n will_v necessary_o have_v be_v mingle_v and_o in_o the_o infant_n it_o have_v no_o use_n of_o a_o double_a coat_n because_o it_o only_o carry_v the_o aliment_n of_o the_o lung_n unto_o they_o from_o the_o hollow_a vein_n it_o be_v a_o notable_a vessel_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o trunk_n table_n 11._o figure_n 4._o bbcd_a so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o double_a orifice_n of_o the_o same_o vessel_n the_o right_a of_o these_o be_v send_v under_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o right_a lung_n table_n 11._o figure_n 1._o d_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o left_a like_o the_o arterial_a vein_n and_o so_o they_o be_v both_o disseminated_a through_o lest_o the_o right_a branch_n the_o lest_o the_o lung_n and_o make_v the_o representation_n of_o root_n tab_v 11._o figure_n 4._o â—â—â—â—_o and_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o gate-veine_n for_o as_o it_o do_v suck_v the_o nourishment_n with_o his_o end_n or_o extremity_n so_o the_o venal_a artery_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o lung_n to_o draw_v air_n out_o of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o weazon_n but_o at_o the_o original_n of_o this_o vessel_n and_o the_o great_a artery_n they_o both_o meet_v and_o be_v join_v together_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o a_o good_a thick_a and_o large_a particle_n which_o in_o the_o infant_n be_v perforate_v and_o make_v a_o passage_n as_o we_o shall_v declare_v hereafter_o the_o use_n of_o this_o venal_a artery_n be_v in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o draw_v air_n out_o of_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o spirit_n and_o in_o his_o contraction_n to_o expel_v or_o draw_v out_o into_o the_o lung_n a_o portion_n artery_n the_o use_n of_o the_o venal_a artery_n of_o the_o vital_a blood_n for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o life_n as_o also_o the_o soot_n and_o smoke_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o least_o all_o the_o air_n shall_v return_v again_o out_o of_o the_o hart_n value_n his_o value_n into_o the_o lung_n there_o grow_v to_o the_o orifice_n of_o this_o vessel_n a_o membranous_a circle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o dd_n out_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v lead_v inward_a and_o divide_v into_o two_o value_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o ff_o table_n 12._o fig._n 2._o r_o bend_n from_o without_o inward_a which_o as_o they_o exceed_v in_o largeness_n the_o value_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n so_o also_o they_o be_v strong_a have_v long_a thredy_a string_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o gg_fw-mi to_o which_o more_o fleshy_a table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o hh_o table_n 12._o figure_n 2_o ss_z explantation_n or_o rise_n do_v accrue_v one_o of_o these_o value_v look_v to_o the_o right_a side_n another_o to_o the_o left_a which_o when_o they_o be_v join_v do_v resemble_v a_o bishop_n mitre_n they_o be_v but_o two_o because_o this_o vessel_n be_v not_o to_o be_v over_o close_o shut_v and_o that_o for_o two_o two_o why_o but_o two_o cause_n first_o see_v that_o all_o part_n need_v vital_a spirit_n and_o blood_n to_o be_v send_v unto_o they_o for_o their_o life_n the_o lung_n also_o must_v need_v they_o wherefore_o as_o they_o receive_v alimentary_a and_o nourish_a blood_n by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n so_o be_v they_o to_o receive_v vital_a by_o the_o venal_a artery_n therefore_o in_o the_o venal_a artery_n there_o be_v always_o contain_v subtle_a and_o arterial_a blood_n which_o that_o it_o may_v be_v it_o have_v only_o two_o value_v set_v to_o it_o that_o in_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o way_n may_v not_o be_v altogether_o stop_v up_o but_o so_o much_o space_n leave_v as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o transvection_n of_o vital_a blood_n but_o if_o the_o value_n be_v want_v then_o will_v the_o arterial_a blood_n in_o contraction_n flow_v forth_o in_o great_a quantity_n and_o with_o more_o violence_n and_o so_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o consequent_o the_o they_o the_o necessity_n of_o they_o whole_a body_n shall_v be_v defraud_v again_o that_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o smouldry_n excrement_n engender_v between_o the_o air_n attract_v and_o the_o native_a heat_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o ventricle_n they_o may_v have_v free_a egress_n this_o way_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o so_o go_v out_o by_o the_o weazon_n which_o otherwise_o if_o they_o be_v retain_v may_v endanger_v the_o suffocation_n and_o extinction_n of_o the_o creature_n natural_a heat_n the_o second_o vessel_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n be_v the_o great_a artery_n of_o which_o though_o we_o do_v entreat_v at_o large_a in_o his_o proper_a place_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o discourse_v of_o it_o here_o so_o far_o as_o shall_v make_v for_o out_o present_a purpose_n chap._n xiiii_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o his_o value_n and_o use_n about_o the_o heart_n this_o great_a artery_n call_v aorta_n be_v make_v before_o the_o heart_n have_v as_o the_o heart_n artery_n the_o great_a artery_n a_o beginning_n of_o generation_n from_o the_o seed_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v immediate_o make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o other_o part_n be_v albeit_o his_o original_n
ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o if_o any_o small_a branch_n of_o these_o vessel_n be_v break_v the_o lung_n become_v purulent_a and_o yield_v matter_n up_o in_o cough_v as_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n add_v that_o the_o lung_n with_o their_o heat_n do_v draw_v unto_o themselves_o phlegm_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n especial_o out_o of_o the_o head_n and_o as_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v differ_v from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n so_o be_v their_o manner_n of_o nourish_v for_o there_o be_v no_o part_n either_o so_o rare_a light_a and_o spirituous_a or_o which_o nourishment_n their_o difference_n from_o other_o part_n in_o substance_n &_o manner_n of_o nourishment_n be_v nourish_v with_o so_o pure_a thin_a and_o vaporous_a blood_n wherefore_o the_o lung_n have_v vessel_n contrary_a to_o those_o which_o be_v in_o other_o part_n for_o in_o other_o part_n the_o vein_n have_v a_o rare_a and_o thin_a coat_n that_o the_o thick_a blood_n may_v be_v free_o and_o speedy_o distribute_v to_o the_o part_n about_o they_o for_o body_n be_v nourish_v with_o blood_n draw_v through_o the_o very_a coat_n of_o the_o vessel_n but_o the_o artery_n be_v thick_a and_o dense_a or_o sight_n that_o the_o neighbour_n part_n may_v for_o their_o life_n draw_v only_o subtle_a and_o spirituous_a blood_n and_o but_o a_o little_a of_o it_o because_o no_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n though_o never_o so_o small_a can_v be_v preserve_v without_o it_o but_o in_o the_o lung_n all_o be_v far_o otherwise_o the_o lung_n how_o extraordinary_a in_o the_o lung_n coat_n of_o the_o vein_n tab._n 14._o figure_n 3._o bc_n be_v thick_a and_o sight_n that_o nothing_o but_o that_o which_o be_v very_o thin_a may_v sweat_v out_o because_o every_o thing_n be_v nourish_v with_o aliment_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v light_n and_o rare_a do_v therefore_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o pure_a vaporous_a and_o thin_a blood_n but_o because_o the_o lung_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o perpetual_a motion_n as_o for_o their_o store_n of_o heat_n which_o they_o have_v partly_o by_o the_o vicinity_n or_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o heart_n partly_o by_o the_o assiduity_n of_o their_o motion_n do_v need_v more_o plentiful_a nourishment_n than_o other_o part_n therefore_o nature_n have_v give_v to_o their_o artery_n the_o coat_n of_o a_o vein_n table_n 14._o figure_n 4._o â—_o that_o they_o may_v yield_v unto_o the_o lung_n thin_a and_o spirituous_a blood_n plentiful_o and_o in_o abundance_n that_o because_o the_o vein_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o thickness_n or_o density_n yield_v they_o less_o store_n of_o nourishment_n abundant_a recompense_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o artery_n which_o because_o of_o their_o thinness_n and_o rarity_n can_v contain_v it_o from_o they_o these_o three_o vessel_n some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v move_v according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o lung_n virtue_n how_o these_o 3._o vessel_n be_v move_v &_o by_o what_o virtue_n other_o according_a to_o the_o heart_n only_o the_o weazon_n or_o asper_n artery_n be_v dilate_v when_o the_o lung_n be_v dilate_v but_o the_o venal_a artery_n be_v move_v true_o after_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o not_o with_o the_o same_o motion_n nor_o with_o the_o same_o power_n or_o virtue_n that_o the_o artery_n or_o pulse_n be_v move_v with_o for_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o dilatation_n draw_v air_n from_o the_o venal_a artery_n in_o his_o contraction_n he_o thrust_v forth_o a_o part_n of_o the_o yitall_a blood_n together_o with_o the_o sooty_a excrement_n wherefore_o this_o venal_a artery_n be_v empty_v in_o the_o dialtation_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o fill_v in_o his_o contraction_n the_o use_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v first_o to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o respiration_n and_o of_o the_o voice_n lung_n the_o use_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o all_o those_o creature_n that_o want_v lung_n use_v not_o to_o breath_n and_o be_v mute_o beside_o for_o be_v dilate_v like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n they_o receive_v in_o air_n from_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o windepipe_n which_o they_o prepare_v as_o be_v the_o shop_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o by_o degree_n change_v it_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o otherwise_o shall_v receive_v it_o impure_a and_o rush_v sudden_o and_o at_o once_o in_o to_o he_o and_o by_o this_o delay_n and_o preparation_n it_o become_v a_o convenient_a nourishment_n for_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n for_o some_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n be_v familiar_a and_o agree_v with_o that_o inbred_a in_o new_o lime_v house_n be_v dangerous_a to_o dwell_v in_o spirit_n another_o be_v full_a of_o enmity_n and_o will_v corrupt_v it_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o see_v those_o that_o dwell_v in_o house_n new_o lime_v get_v disease_n and_o especial_o the_o fume_n or_o smother_v of_o coal_n and_o such_o like_a will_n present_o kill_v a_o man_n this_o air_n the_o heart_n in_o his_o dilatation_n draw_v unto_o itself_o by_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o venal_a artery_n out_o of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o windpipe_n who_o mouth_n do_v meet_v whereby_o he_o be_v cool_v for_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v hot_a be_v nourish_v cherish_v and_o conserve_v by_o that_o which_o be_v moderate_o cold_a as_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr naturapueri_fw-la for_o as_o a_o flame_n be_v straighten_a in_o a_o narrow_a place_n and_o not_o ventilate_v with_o the_o air_n be_v consume_v so_o our_o natural_a heat_n when_o it_o want_v cool_v grow_v weak_a as_o they_o know_v well_o which_o sit_v in_o hot_a house_n and_o faint_a and_o be_v at_o length_n extinguish_v for_o as_o a_o flame_n it_o be_v continual_o move_v wherefore_o the_o philosopher_n call_v the_o lung_n the_o fan_n or_o flabell_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o plato_n think_v that_o the_o heart_n hippoc._n gal_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la respir_n expound_v this_o say_n of_o hippoc._n when_o it_o be_v heat_v with_o anger_n be_v temper_v again_o by_o the_o lung_n again_o when_o they_o be_v constringe_v and_o contract_v in_o expiration_n for_o in_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n life_n do_v consist_v say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 21._o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n derespiratione_n they_o drive_v out_o the_o aer_fw-la that_o remain_v by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o it_o may_v give_v place_n unto_o that_o which_o be_v fresh_a and_o make_v also_o matter_n for_o the_o voice_n this_o aer_fw-la when_o it_o come_v in_o be_v cold_a when_o it_o go_v out_o hot_a because_o it_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o heat_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o heart_n another_o use_n of_o they_o be_v in_o expiration_n to_o avoid_v the_o fuliginous_a and_o smoky_a sootinesse_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o spirit_n and_o the_o thin_a and_o thick_a excrement_n of_o the_o lung_n gather_v in_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o sharp_a artery_n or_o weazon_n by_o cough_v into_o the_o windpipe_n which_o be_v carry_v up_o as_o in_o a_o reed_n and_o spit_n out_o of_o the_o mouth_n yea_o sometime_o cast_v out_o with_o a_o cough_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o weazon_n or_o windpipe_n call_v the_o sharp_a artery_n or_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la the_o three_o proper_a vessel_n of_o the_o lung_n the_o ancient_n call_v simple_o the_o artery_n because_o it_o contain_v aer_fw-la the_o late_a writer_n with_o galen_n call_v it_o the_o sharp_a artery_n windpipe_n of_o the_o windpipe_n because_o of_o the_o inequality_n of_o his_o substance_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o smooth_a artery_n we_o call_v it_o common_o the_o weazon_n or_o windpipe_n it_o be_v one_o and_o a_o great_a pipe_n tab._n 15_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2_o give_v to_o all_o creature_n which_o have_v lung_n it_o look_v towards_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o open_a into_o the_o mouth_n and_o be_v place_v position_n his_o position_n before_o the_o gullet_n or_o oesophagus_fw-la tab._n 14_o fig._n 1_o aa_n upon_o which_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o throat_n and_o be_v carry_v direct_o downward_o from_o the_o mouth_n along_o the_o neck_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v frame_v especial_o for_o this_o cause_n into_o the_o lung_n into_o which_o it_o always_o gape_v very_o wide_a and_o in_o his_o low_a part_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o small_a pipe_n call_v by_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la syringas_fw-la and_o aortas_n which_o determine_v in_o the_o lung_n with_o manifold_a branch_n tab._n 15_o fig._n 1_o bb_n cc_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v the_o head_n be_v call_v larynx_n we_o call_v it_o the_o throttle_n tab._n 15_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2_o g_o h_o larynx_n the_o throttle_n or_o larynx_n of_o it_o we_o will_v speak_v in_o our_o history_n
ebullition_n or_o boil_a of_o the_o blood_n whereby_o it_o rise_v and_o occupi_v a_o large_a place_n yea_o and_o pour_v itself_o out_o into_o all_o the_o cavity_n adjoin_v thereto_o and_o this_o he_o illustrate_v by_o a_o example_n take_v from_o boil_a water_n water_n when_o it_o boil_v rise_v up_o and_o occupi_v large_a place_n than_o it_o do_v example_n a_o pregnant_a example_n before_o but_o if_o you_o blow_v cold_a air_n into_o it_o it_o present_o fall_v right_o so_o be_v it_o say_v he_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o man_n the_o heat_n boil_v up_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o cold_a air_n we_o draw_v in_o by_o inspiration_n settle_v it_o again_o and_o this_o be_v far_o prove_v because_o the_o pulse_n of_o young_a man_n be_v more_o lively_a and_o strong_a than_o of_o old_a of_o whole_a man_n then_o of_o sick_a of_o wake_v man_n then_o of_o sleep_v instance_n another_o instance_n because_o their_o heat_n be_v more_o vehement_a and_o the_o fervour_n or_o work_n of_o their_o blood_n more_o manifest_a these_o thing_n be_v very_o probable_a and_o carry_v i_o must_v needs_o say_v a_o great_a show_n of_o truth_n but_o if_o they_o be_v weigh_v in_o the_o balance_n of_o anatomy_n they_o will_v be_v find_v but_o light_n herein_o be_v the_o philosopher_n error_n that_o he_o understand_v the_o heart_n to_o be_v distend_v or_o dilate_v because_o error_n wherein_o be_v the_o philosopher_n error_n it_o be_v fill_v contrariwise_o the_o anatomist_n understand_v the_o heart_n to_o be_v fill_v because_o it_o be_v dilate_v in_o the_o deprave_a motion_n or_o palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o be_v distend_v indeed_o because_o it_o be_v fill_v either_o with_o water_n or_o with_o vapour_n but_o in_o the_o proper_a and_o natural_a it_o be_v dilate_v by_o a_o inbred_a comparison_n comparison_n power_n of_o his_o own_o and_o be_v dilate_v draw_v in_o blood_n and_o spirit_n and_o so_o be_v fill_v like_v as_o a_o smith_n bellows_n be_v open_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o smith_n be_v fill_v with_o air_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o bladder_n while_o they_o be_v fill_v be_v distend_v those_o fill_n in_o the_o dilatation_n these_o dilate_v in_o the_o fill_n beside_o this_o conceit_n of_o aristotle_n other_o have_v diverse_o devise_v concern_v this_o motion_n hiracledus_fw-la erosistratus_fw-la hiracledus_fw-la erasistratus_n hiracledus_n erithreus_n conceive_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v from_o the_o animal_n and_o vital_a faculty_n together_o auerrhoe_n that_o it_o be_v from_o the_o appetent_fw-la and_o sentient_a soul_n and_o that_o the_o heat_n be_v but_o the_o instrument_n which_o the_o appetite_n use_v other_o think_v auerrhoe_n auerrhoe_n that_o nature_n only_o move_v the_o heart_n because_o alone_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v principium_fw-la motus_fw-la or_o beginning_n opinion_n other_o opinion_n of_o motion_n in_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v move_v other_o that_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v from_o the_o soul_n and_o the_o contraction_n mere_o natural_a the_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n fall_v down_o with_o their_o own_o weight_n like_v as_o in_o the_o disease_n call_v tremor_n or_o the_o shake_a palsy_n the_o faculty_n palsy_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o snake_a palsy_n of_o the_o soul_n continual_o raise_v up_o the_o head_n and_o the_o weight_n bear_v it_o down_o again_o whence_o the_o perpetual_a shake_n proceed_v but_o truth_n be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v no_o tremble_v but_o a_o constant_a and_o orderly_a motion_n neither_o be_v the_o contraction_n cause_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o buckle_v under_o the_o burden_n of_o itself_o but_o the_o great_a strength_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o the_o contraction_n whereby_o it_o hurl_v motion_n the_o kind_n of_o motion_n forth_o as_o the_o lightning_n pass_v through_o the_o whole_a heaven_n his_o spirit_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o exclude_v oftentimes_o not_o without_o violence_n the_o fume_a vapour_n into_o the_o arterial_a vein_n but_o before_o we_o set_v down_o our_o resolution_n concern_v this_o matter_n a_o few_o thing_n be_v to_o motion_n voluntary_a motion_n be_v first_o establish_v there_o be_v a_o threefold_a motion_n violent_a animal_n and_o natural_a of_o violent_a motion_n none_o at_o all_o can_v be_v perpetual_a whereupon_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o no_o art_n can_v make_v a_o perpetual_a motion_n animal_n motion_n be_v all_o voluntary_a this_o galen_n well_o describe_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr motu_fw-la musculorum_fw-la where_o he_o say_v if_o thou_o can_v settle_v and_o appease_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v move_v or_o do_v at_o thy_o pleasure_n and_o again_o move_v or_o do_v that_o be_v at_o rest_n or_o be_v not_o do_v that_o action_n or_o motion_n be_v true_o voluntary_a if_o moreover_o thou_o can_v do_v any_o thing_n swift_a or_o flower_n often_o or_o seldome_a at_o thy_o pleasure_n these_o action_n be_v obedient_a to_o thy_o will_n final_o the_o natural_a motion_n be_v manifold_a as_o a_o thing_n may_v diverse_a way_n manifold_a natural_a motion_n manifold_a be_v say_v to_o be_v natural_a there_o be_v one_o simple_a natural_a motion_n which_o be_v accomplish_v only_o by_o nature_n and_o the_o elementary_a form_n with_o this_o motion_n heavy_a thing_n move_v downward_o and_o light_a thing_n upward_o second_o all_o motion_n be_v call_v natural_a which_o be_v oppose_v to_o violent_a motion_n so_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n though_o they_o be_v voluntary_a be_v say_v to_o be_v natural_a if_o they_o be_v natural_o dispose_v three_o all_o motion_n be_v call_v natural_a which_o be_v not_o animal_n that_o be_v voluntary_a so_o galen_n say_v in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o of_o the_o soul_n that_o be_v of_o the_o will_n but_o of_o nature_n &_o again_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v of_o nature_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n of_o the_o soul_n so_o that_o galen_n in_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la deliver_v but_o two_o kind_n of_o faculty_n the_o one_o animal_n the_o other_o natural_a understand_v all_o that_o to_o be_v natural_a which_o be_v not_o animal_n or_o voluntary_a now_o we_o conclude_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v natural_a in_o the_o three_o acception_n question_n the_o resolution_n of_o the_o question_n that_o be_v that_o it_o depend_v neither_o upon_o the_o will_n nor_o simple_o upon_o nature_n but_o upon_o the_o vital_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v natural_a not_o upon_o the_o will_n because_o we_o can_v neither_o stay_v it_o nor_o set_v it_o go_v again_o neither_o slacken_v nor_o hasten_v it_o at_o our_o pleasure_n not_o simple_o upon_o nature_n for_o in_o a_o body_n that_o be_v animate_v that_o be_v that_o have_v a_o soul_n nothing_o move_v but_o the_o soul_n otherwise_o there_o shall_v be_v more_o form_n than_o one_o and_o more_o beginner_n of_o motion_n than_o one_o which_o true_a and_o solid_a philosophy_n will_v not_o suffer_v this_o soul_n be_v the_o nature_n itself_o of_o the_o creature_n which_o that_o it_o may_v preserve_v the_o union_n between_o the_o body_n and_o itself_o move_v the_o heart_n concoct_v in_o the_o stomach_n reboyl_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o perfect_v the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n when_o we_o say_v therefore_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v natural_a we_o mean_v that_o it_o be_v from_o a_o natural_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v not_o voluntary_a and_o that_o this_o motion_n be_v natural_a all_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o do_v evident_o show_v there_o be_v three_o immediate_a cause_n of_o the_o pulse_n the_o efficient_a the_o end_n or_o final_a cause_n and_o efficient_a three_o immediate_a cause_n of_o the_o pulse_n the_o efficient_a the_o instrument_n all_o natural_a the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o vital_a faculty_n which_o imploi_v itself_o whole_o about_o the_o generation_n of_o spirit_n which_o by_o that_o perpetual_a motion_n be_v bring_v forth_o for_o in_o the_o diastole_n or_o dilatation_n it_o draw_v blood_n and_o air_n in_o the_o systole_n or_o contraction_n it_o draw_v out_o the_o spirit_n already_o make_v and_o their_o excrement_n the_o final_a cause_n which_o you_o may_v call_v either_o the_o use_n or_o the_o necessity_n at_o your_o pleasure_n final_a the_o final_a be_v threefold_a the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o spirituous_a substance_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o temper_v and_o moderate_v of_o it_o for_o there_o be_v great_a danger_n that_o because_o of_o the_o continual_a motion_n the_o heart_n shall_v be_v inflame_v unless_o it_o have_v be_v ventilate_v with_o air_n as_o with_o a_o fan_n and_o the_o expurgation_n of_o smoky_a or_o fume_a vapour_n the_o instrument_n also_o of_o this_o motion_n be_v natural_a not_o animal_n galen_n
call_v the_o animal_n instrument_n the_o instrument_n instrument_n the_o muscle_n and_o the_o nerve_n the_o heart_n be_v no_o muscle_n unless_o we_o speak_v abusive_o because_o of_o the_o fastnes_n and_o colour_n of_o his_o flesh_n and_o for_o nerve_n there_o be_v none_o that_o hart_n that_o the_o nerve_n help_v not_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hart_n reach_n unto_o his_o ventricle_n there_o be_v indeed_o a_o small_a surcle_n or_o tendrill_n from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n that_o make_v the_o recurrent_a which_o be_v disseminated_a in_o the_o purse_n and_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o heart_n stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o it_o for_o his_o motion_n for_o if_o this_o nerve_n be_v intercept_v with_o a_o string_n or_o which_o be_v the_o sure_a way_n his_o original_n which_o be_v easy_o perceive_v by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o weazon_n yet_o nevertheless_o be_v the_o heart_n move_v as_o also_o the_o artery_n as_o in_o dog_n we_o have_v often_o make_v experiment_n see_v therefore_o all_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o heart_n motion_n be_v natural_a we_o may_v conclude_v that_o itself_o be_v natural_a come_v from_o the_o vital_a faculty_n which_o be_v not_o voluntary_a but_o that_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o conclusion_n may_v more_o plain_o appear_v some_o objection_n must_v be_v answer_v which_o otherwise_o will_v breed_v scruple_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o they_o that_o be_v objection_n the_o first_o objection_n not_o so_o sufficient_o ground_v in_o these_o secret_n of_o nature_n first_o therefore_o say_v some_o all_o natural_a motion_n be_v continual_a but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v interrupt_v with_o a_o double_a rest_n one_o between_o each_o motion_n let_v we_o admit_v that_o one_o simple_a answer_n answer_n natural_a motion_n be_v continual_a yet_o when_o there_o be_v two_o natural_a motion_n and_o those_o contrary_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o rest_n between_o they_o second_o they_o say_v no_o natural_a motion_n be_v compound_v but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v answer_n the_o second_o answer_n compound_v i_o answer_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o compound_v but_o double_a not_o simple_a because_o of_o two_o contrary_a motion_n can_v be_v make_v one_o compound_n motion_n neither_o of_o many_o motion_n be_v make_v one_o motion_n as_o one_o line_n of_o many_o point_n three_o they_o urge_v we_o further_o thus_o with_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 7._o book_n of_o his_o metaph._n whatsoever_o three_o the_o three_o be_v move_v by_o nature_n be_v move_v to_o some_o end_n which_o end_v when_o it_o have_v obtain_v than_o it_o rest_v as_o water_n be_v heat_v if_o by_o it_o own_o force_n and_o proper_a form_n it_o be_v cool_v never_o grow_v hot_a again_o by_o the_o same_o form_n or_o force_v wherefore_o if_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v natural_o it_o be_v move_v that_o it_o may_v be_v dilate_v or_o contract_v when_o therefore_o it_o be_v dilate_v why_o be_v it_o contract_v and_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v why_o be_v it_o dilate_v again_o i_o answer_v that_o that_o be_v true_a answer_n answer_n in_o a_o motion_n that_o be_v pure_o and_o mere_o natural_a but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v from_o the_o vital_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o have_v a_o natural_a instinct_n and_o knowledge_n of_o his_o own_o use_n and_o according_a to_o the_o diverse_a appetite_n of_o that_o natural_a instinct_n move_v diverse_o for_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v it_o desire_v to_o be_v dilate_v that_o it_o may_v draw_v in_o cold_a air_n when_o it_o be_v dilate_v or_o distend_v it_o desire_v to_o be_v contract_v to_o avoid_v the_o smoke_n and_o soot_n that_o by_o his_o heat_n be_v engender_v so_o the_o vital_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v sensible_a of_o his_o own_o want_n move_v the_o heart_n perpetual_o with_o diverse_a motion_n according_a as_o the_o need_v of_o the_o soul_n do_v require_v by_o which_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v distinguish_v from_o other_o motion_n of_o the_o natural_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o stomach_n for_o the_o motion_n of_o these_o part_n be_v not_o perpetual_a because_o there_o want_v a_o perpetual_a object_n neither_o do_v any_o necessity_n urge_v part_n how_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o other_o part_n the_o final_a cause_n it_o be_v not_o always_o at_o hand_n but_o the_o heart_n have_v a_o continual_a object_n necessity_n and_o end_n for_o it_o want_v perpetual_a nourishment_n temper_v and_o expurgation_n final_o they_o contend_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o natural_a because_o it_o be_v to_o two_o contrary_a point_n but_o opposite_a and_o contrary_a motion_n be_v only_o perform_v by_o the_o animal_n faculty_n so_o the_o arm_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o pull_v down_o only_o by_o the_o will_n i_o answer_v that_o in_o thing_n without_o answer_n the_o four_o answer_n life_n this_o be_v true_a but_o all_o thing_n that_o have_v life_n yea_o even_o in_o plant_n themselves_o there_o be_v motion_n to_o contrary_a point_n i_o say_v more_o there_o be_v never_o in_o the_o soul_n one_o motion_n but_o present_o result_v another_o opposite_a or_o contrary_n unto_o it_o so_o in_o nutrition_n the_o attraction_n of_o the_o aliment_n be_v from_o the_o soul_n so_o be_v also_o the_o expulsion_n of_o excrement_n from_o the_o same_o soul_n the_o soul_n be_v so_o divine_a a_o thing_n that_o not_o only_o it_o do_v many_o thing_n beside_o the_o law_n of_o other_o form_n but_o soul_n the_o divinity_n of_o the_o soul_n also_o be_v the_o author_n of_o contrary_n for_o it_o move_v upward_o and_o downward_o and_o beyond_o the_o nature_n of_o element_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n to_o the_o left_a and_o circular_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v simple_a and_o uniform_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o soul_n manifold_a because_o the_o form_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v one_o and_o simple_o simple_a the_o soul_n be_v simple_a manifold_a and_o manifold_a way_n simple_a in_o his_o essence_n manifold_a in_o his_o power_n and_o virtue_n and_o manifold_a way_n in_o his_o knowledge_n of_o object_n multiplicity_n multiplicity_n from_o which_o his_o operation_n and_o action_n be_v draw_v we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v natural_a and_o proceed_v from_o the_o vital_a faculty_n for_o a_o certain_a end_n and_o purpose_n of_o nature_n and_o that_o it_o do_v so_o proceed_v conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n these_o two_o argument_n do_v necessary_o aver_v first_o because_o in_o the_o dilatation_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o determinate_a kind_n of_o blood_n and_o air_n draw_v perpetual_o through_o the_o same_o set_v and_o determinate_a vessel_n in_o the_o contraction_n likewise_o the_o smoky_a air_n and_o the_o spirit_n be_v thrust_v out_o by_o certain_a vessel_n second_o because_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v weave_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o fibre_n if_o therefore_o those_o several_a fibre_n do_v in_o other_o part_n some_o draw_v some_o contract_n and_o some_o loosen_v either_o they_o be_v superfluous_a in_o the_o heart_n which_o to_o say_v be_v to_o blaspheme_v nature_n or_o else_o they_o have_v the_o same_o use_n in_o the_o heart_n that_o they_o have_v in_o other_o part_n we_o say_v it_o proceed_v for_o a_o certain_a end_n because_o this_o faculty_n neither_o work_v voluntary_o as_o the_o animal_n nor_o according_a to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o which_o suffer_v but_o for_o mere_a necessity_n the_o stomach_n although_o it_o be_v not_o hungry_a yet_o it_o concoct_v so_o much_o meat_n as_o be_v put_v into_o it_o if_o it_o can_v but_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o move_v but_o as_o necessity_n urge_v make_v a_o pulse_n either_o swift_a or_o slow_a as_o the_o use_n of_o nature_n be_v to_o have_v a_o slow_a or_o quick_a pulse_n qvest._n iii_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o whether_o it_o strike_v the_o breast_n in_o the_o dilatation_n or_o in_o the_o contraction_n thus_o much_o concern_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o follow_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o motion_n which_o be_v better_o know_v by_o the_o eye_n heart_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n then_o by_o discourse_n of_o reason_n wherefore_o it_o be_v usual_a with_o anatomist_n for_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o this_o motion_n to_o open_a dog_n alive_a that_o they_o may_v more_o distinct_o see_v the_o manner_n thereof_o from_o this_o autopsia_n and_o witness_n of_o the_o eye_n will_v we_o unfold_v this_o mystery_n there_o be_v two_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n diastole_n or_o dilatation_n and_o systole_n or_o contraction_n necessary_a the_o â—_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o double_a rest_n how_o necessary_a
betwixt_o each_o of_o these_o be_v a_o rest_n or_o cessation_n one_o follow_v the_o distension_n the_o other_o follow_v the_o contraction_n for_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o two_o contrary_a motion_n shall_v immediate_o succeed_v one_o another_o but_o in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o refluxion_n or_o return_n from_o one_o contrary_a to_o another_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o rest_n otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v no_o beginning_n nor_o end_n of_o one_o motion_n distinct_a from_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_n of_o another_o and_o so_o the_o motion_n can_v not_o be_v contrary_a which_o have_v no_o distinct_a begin_n nor_o end_n particular_a to_o either_o of_o they_o because_o there_o be_v no_o rest_n from_o which_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o motion_n shall_v arise_v or_o into_o which_o the_o end_n of_o the_o motion_n shall_v determine_v wherefore_o whatsoever_o have_v any_o reflection_n have_v also_o some_o rest_n before_o the_o reflection_n a_o manifest_a instance_n hereof_o we_o have_v in_o the_o tide_n which_o when_o it_o have_v flow_v to_o his_o tide_n a_o instance_n in_o the_o tide_n height_n stand_v sometime_o at_o a_o stay_n before_o it_o begin_v to_o ebb_v which_o stay_v we_o call_v a_o high_a water_n when_o no_o motion_n of_o the_o tide_n can_v be_v perceive_v but_o what_o be_v do_v in_o these_o contrary_a motion_n in_o the_o diastole_n the_o heart_n draw_v blood_n by_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o his_o right_a ventricle_n what_o diastole_n what_o and_o air_n by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n into_o the_o left_a in_o the_o systole_n the_o heart_n drive_v out_o vital_a what_o systole_n what_o spirit_n into_o the_o great_a artery_n or_o fume_v and_o smoky_a vapour_n together_o with_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o the_o spirit_n by_o the_o venal_a artery_n in_o the_o diastole_n the_o end_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v corrugate_v &_o contract_v the_o basis_n be_v draw_v to_o the_o mucro_fw-la or_o point_n and_o the_o point_n to_o the_o basis_n so_o that_o the_o heart_n become_v short_a in_o his_o longitude_n but_o be_v so_o amplify_v to_o his_o side_n that_o his_o figure_n come_v near_o to_o the_o spherical_a which_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o most_o capacity_n contrariwise_o in_o the_o systole_n the_o end_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v distend_v but_o the_o side_n fall_v and_o flag_n as_o it_o be_v and_o so_o the_o heart_n become_v long_o but_o narrow_a both_o these_o motion_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fibre_n for_o the_o right_n which_o pass_v heart_n the_o use_n of_o the_o fibre_n of_o the_o heart_n direct_o from_o the_o basis_n to_o the_o point_n contract_v themselves_o make_v the_o dilatation_n the_o transuerse_a or_o circular_a straight_a the_o side_n do_v make_v the_o contraction_n the_o oblique_a serve_v for_o retention_n and_o make_v that_o double_a rest_n whereof_o we_o speak_v again_o in_o the_o diastole_n all_o the_o value_n be_v extend_v in_o which_o distension_n the_o fork_a value_n make_v many_o chink_n or_o cranny_n as_o it_o be_v but_o the_o semilunarie_a value_n do_v close_o up_o the_o end_n of_o their_o vessel_n in_o the_o systole_n all_o these_o membrane_n be_v contract_v and_o then_o the_o fork_a shut_v those_o chink_n and_o cranny_n motion_n how_o the_o value_n be_v in_o the_o motion_n which_o they_o make_v when_o they_o be_v dilate_v and_o the_o semilunarie_a be_v corrugate_v or_o wrinkle_v leave_v such_o distance_n or_o rift_n by_o which_o the_o blood_n free_o pass_v forth_o moreover_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v before_o the_o contraction_n in_o time_n for_o air_n be_v first_o draw_v in_o before_o the_o smoky_a excrement_n be_v shut_v out_o and_o again_o inspiration_n must_v needs_o be_v first_o because_o expiration_n be_v last_o for_o the_o life_n vanish_v in_o expiration_n but_o whether_o be_v of_o great_a necessity_n we_o answer_v that_o in_o hail_n body_n they_o be_v of_o alike_a inspiration_n great_a use_n of_o expiration_n then_o of_o inspiration_n necessity_n in_o ague_n especial_o rot_v and_o putrid_a there_o be_v more_o necessity_n of_o expiration_n as_o we_o see_v in_o those_o that_o die_v their_o systole_n and_o expiration_n be_v great_a because_o nature_n be_v more_o diligent_a to_o exclude_v that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a then_o to_o draw_v that_o which_o be_v profitable_a now_o we_o know_v that_o the_o air_n that_o be_v draw_v be_v familiar_a to_o the_o heart_n but_o the_o smoky_a and_o sooty_a excrement_n be_v a_o offence_n unto_o it_o last_o it_o be_v question_v whether_o it_o strike_v the_o breast_n which_o we_o feel_v with_o our_o hand_n about_o systole_n whether_o the_o heart_n strike_v the_o breast_n in_o the_o diastole_n or_o in_o the_o systole_n the_o left_a breast_n in_o the_o dilatation_n or_o in_o the_o contraction_n galen_n seem_v to_o differ_v herein_o from_o himself_o for_o in_o one_o place_n he_o say_v quando_fw-la rur_n sum_fw-la evacuatum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la cor_fw-la &_o in_o naturalem_fw-la figuram_fw-la recurrerit_fw-la tunc_fw-la prosilit_fw-la pectori_fw-la et_fw-la percussionem_fw-la facit_fw-la et_fw-la ita_fw-la concidens_fw-la pulsum_fw-la perficit_fw-la that_o be_v again_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v empty_v and_o return_v to_o his_o natural_a figure_n and_o position_n authority_n galens_n authority_n than_o it_o leap_v against_o the_o breast_n and_o make_v that_o percussion_n and_o so_o fall_v accomplish_v that_o pulse_n to_o this_o authority_n may_v be_v add_v this_o reason_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v it_o become_v authority_n reason_n to_o the_o authority_n short_a and_o again_o long_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v wherefore_o when_o it_o be_v distend_v it_o go_v from_o the_o breast_n and_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v it_o fly_v to_o the_o breast_n and_o so_o strike_v it_o beside_o almost_o all_o anatomist_n say_v that_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v more_o solid_a in_o the_o mucro_fw-la or_o point_n then_o anatomist_n the_o consent_n of_o anatomist_n in_o the_o basis_n that_o in_o the_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o breast_n it_o shall_v touch_v the_o bone_n to_o which_o it_o be_v very_o near_o and_o so_o be_v hurt_v &_o so_o vitiate_v his_o motion_n the_o point_n therefore_o strike_v the_o breast_n be_v what_o the_o truth_n be_v but_o experience_n and_o weight_n of_o reason_n be_v on_o the_o contrary_a part_n the_o reason_n be_v these_o if_o you_o lay_v one_o hand_n upon_o the_o breast_n and_o another_o upon_o the_o wrist_n it_o the_o reason_n to_o prove_v it_o you_o shall_v perceive_v in_o either_o place_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o same_o stroke_n and_o this_o both_o galen_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o 3._o ch_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr praesag_n expul_n &_o we_o daily_o prove_v it_o true_a by_o diffection_n of_o live_a creature_n but_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o dilatation_n for_o the_o end_n of_o the_o contraction_n can_v be_v feel_v therefore_o that_o stroke_n of_o the_o heart_n we_o feel_v be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o dilatation_n not_o of_o the_o contraction_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o when_o the_o artery_n be_v distend_v the_o heart_n be_v contract_v and_o objection_n objection_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v then_o be_v the_o artery_n dilate_v if_o therefore_o you_o place_v your_o hand_n upon_o the_o wrist_n or_o the_o temple_n and_o there_o find_v the_o stroke_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o with_o the_o other_o hand_n upon_o the_o breast_n find_v also_o the_o stroke_n there_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o must_v follow_v necessary_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v then_o contract_v when_o the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v but_o the_o vanity_n of_o this_o objection_n reference_n answer_v with_o reference_n shall_v appear_v in_o the_o next_o exercise_n for_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v distend_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o in_o the_o same_o motion_n moreover_o if_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o be_v contract_v shall_v strike_v the_o breast_n with_o his_o mucre_n or_o point_n the_o stroke_n shall_v not_o be_v feel_v at_o the_o left_a breast_n but_o somewhat_o low_a for_o the_o point_n of_o the_o heart_n reach_v to_o that_o place_n of_o the_o chest_n into_o which_o the_o midriff_n be_v insert_v the_o breast_n therefore_o be_v beat_v not_o with_o the_o point_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o with_o the_o left_a ventricle_n when_o it_o be_v distend_v which_o be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o artery_n for_o when_o the_o point_n be_v gather_v to_o the_o basis_n in_o the_o diastole_n the_o heart_n be_v make_v large_a and_o so_o strike_v the_o breast_n at_o the_o left_a pap_n but_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v the_o heart_n become_v long_a &_o narrow_a and_o so_o fall_v back_o into_o the_o chest_n and_o of_o this_o also_o be_v galens_n opinion_n in_o his_o anatomicall_a administration_n and_o in_o those_o golden_a hymn_n
of_o he_o of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o part_n let_v we_o proceed_v to_o the_o other_o difficulty_n which_o concern_v the_o motion_n of_o this_o heart_n and_o artery_n qvest._n four_o bianca_n or_o from_o what_o power_n the_o artery_n be_v move_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n hypocrates_n first_o of_o all_o other_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o hypocrates_n first_o find_v the_o pulse_n and_o so_o name_v it_o be_v the_o pulse_n &_o although_o he_o leave_v indistinct_a precept_n about_o it_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o utter_o unknown_a unto_o he_o as_o some_o novice_n will_v bear_v the_o world_n in_o hand_n which_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o many_o place_n if_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o wrestle_v in_o that_o floor_n but_o we_o listen_v not_o insist_v in_o that_o but_o proceed_v that_o the_o form_n of_o the_o motion_n motion_n the_o form_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o this_o pulse_n be_v all_o one_o with_o that_o of_o the_o heart_n for_o it_o consist_v of_o a_o diastole_n and_o a_o systole_n and_o a_o double_a rest_n in_o the_o diastole_n the_o artery_n draw_v and_o be_v fill_v and_o in_o the_o systole_n they_o expel_v the_o rest_n be_v double_a unless_o nature_n be_v provoke_v either_o by_o a_o violent_a object_n or_o by_o some_o external_a cause_n for_o then_o the_o artery_n may_v be_v move_v together_o with_o a_o insensible_a rest_n as_o in_o the_o pulse_n call_v dicrotus_fw-la ad_fw-la vibrans_fw-la so_o a_o stone_n which_o be_v throw_v upward_o if_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o fall_a tower_n descends_z again_o without_o any_o rest_n although_o aristotle_n think_v that_o no_o violence_n can_v tie_v aristotle_n aristotle_n to_o contrary_a motion_n without_o some_o rest_n the_o use_n of_o this_o pulsation_n be_v double_a one_o great_a another_o lesser_a the_o great_a be_v for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o natural_a heat_n as_o well_o of_o the_o heart_n as_o of_o other_o part_n for_o by_o contraction_n double_a the_o use_n of_o pulsation_n double_a whatsoever_o be_v smoky_a the_o artery_n avoid_v and_o so_o the_o natural_a heat_n be_v keep_v from_o suffocation_n by_o dilatation_n they_o draw_v outward_a air_n into_o the_o body_n by_o which_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o same_o heat_n be_v inhibit_v the_o less_o use_n be_v that_o in_o the_o brain_n may_v be_v engender_v the_o animal_n spirit_n for_o by_o the_o pulsation_n the_o spirit_n of_o life_n be_v carry_v into_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v there_o be_v therefore_o the_o same_o use_n of_o the_o pulse_n that_o there_o be_v of_o respiration_n save_v that_o what_o respiration_n do_v to_o the_o heart_n that_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v to_o other_o part_n which_o as_o they_o need_v less_o heat_n than_o the_o heart_n so_o be_v they_o not_o so_o soon_o offend_v for_o if_o the_o heart_n be_v deprive_v of_o respiration_n present_o the_o creature_n perish_v but_o the_o part_n die_v not_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o want_v the_o pulse_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o these_o artery_n be_v very_o obscure_a and_o many_o thing_n must_v be_v prapagoras_n the_o nature_n of_o their_o motion_n obscure_a prapagoras_n resolve_v of_o and_o know_v before_o we_o can_v attain_v to_o the_o understanding_n of_o so_o deep_a a_o mystery_n first_o of_o all_o whence_o be_v the_o artery_n move_v from_o themselves_o or_o from_o some_o other_o prapagoras_n think_v the_o artery_n do_v move_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o that_o they_o have_v the_o same_o pulsative_fw-mi virtue_n that_o the_o heart_n have_v in_o themselves_o not_o by_o influence_n but_o this_o galen_n disprove_v instance_n galens_n instance_n by_o a_o observation_n for_o say_v he_o if_o a_o artery_n be_v cut_v overthwart_o that_o part_n only_o will_v pulse_n which_o remain_v join_v to_o the_o heart_n but_o that_o which_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o heart_n will_v not_o beat_v at_o all_o erasistratus_n be_v of_o mind_n that_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o move_v by_o any_o proper_a power_n of_o erasistratus_n erasistratus_n their_o own_o but_o by_o the_o constraint_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o constraint_n he_o mean_v not_o of_o any_o faculty_n but_o only_o of_o some_o matter_n aristotle_n think_v they_o move_v because_o of_o the_o fervour_n or_o aristotle_n aristotle_n boil_a of_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o who_o some_o have_v follow_v because_o they_o know_v reason_n the_o reason_n that_o the_o spirit_n be_v those_o which_o make_v strife_n &_o offer_v violence_n and_o again_o because_o the_o vein_n heat_n neither_o heat_n nor_o spirit_n nor_o blood_n be_v the_o immediate_a cause_n not_o heat_n near_o the_o hart_n do_v not_o move_v which_o they_o will_v do_v say_v they_o if_o they_o have_v in_o they_o such_o blood_n as_o the_o artery_n have_v but_o we_o will_v prove_v that_o neither_o heat_n nor_o spirit_n nor_o boil_a blood_n can_v be_v the_o immediate_a cause_n of_o this_o perpetual_a motion_n for_o the_o heat_n it_o either_o have_v a_o body_n or_o have_v no_o body_n if_o it_o have_v a_o body_n than_o the_o artery_n that_o be_v near_o to_o the_o heart_n will_v soon_o be_v dilate_v if_o it_o be_v only_o a_o naked_a quality_n then_o will_v it_o first_o heat_n those_o thing_n that_o be_v near_o hand_n and_o after_o that_o which_o be_v far_o off_o for_o heat_n be_v not_o of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o form_n which_o may_v in_o a_o moment_n be_v diffuse_v as_o light_v but_o his_o contrary_n be_v cold_a which_o first_o must_v be_v expel_v out_o of_o the_o subject_n before_o itself_o be_v receive_v but_o the_o pulse_n be_v in_o a_o moment_n diffuse_v through_o all_o the_o artery_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o only_o from_o heat_n it_o be_v not_o of_o spumou_n blood_n for_o than_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o where_o the_o blood_n be_v more_o plentiful_a blood_n not_o blood_n and_o hot_a there_o the_o pulse_n shall_v be_v not_o only_o more_o vehement_a but_o more_o frequent_a also_o and_o so_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n shall_v be_v quick_a than_o the_o pulse_n of_o the_o small_a but_o experience_n teach_v that_o all_o the_o artery_n both_o great_a and_o small_a do_v move_v alike_o unless_o there_o be_v some_o hindrance_n they_o be_v not_o therefore_o move_v by_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o furthermore_o intercept_v a_o artery_n with_o a_o tie_n and_o the_o part_n below_o the_o tie_n though_o it_o strut_v instance_n a_o instance_n with_o spirit_n and_o thin_a blood_n yet_o will_v not_o beat_v because_o the_o continuity_n of_o the_o faculty_n with_o the_o heart_n be_v intercept_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o tie_n be_v unloose_a the_o artery_n will_v instant_o beat_v again_o but_o the_o heat_n nor_o the_o humour_n can_v in_o a_o moment_n or_o instant_n flow_v from_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o utter_a artery_n add_v to_o this_o that_o if_o the_o artery_n shall_v beat_v because_o of_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o then_o in_o all_o large_a pulse_n there_o shall_v also_o be_v vehemency_n which_o be_v nothing_o so_o for_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la pulsuum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o four_o de_fw-fr causis_fw-la pulsuum_fw-la there_o be_v pulse_n there_o may_v be_v great_a yet_o a_o faint_a pulse_n a_o pulse_n which_o be_v small_a yet_o vehement_a and_o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o pulse_n which_o be_v great_a but_o languid_a and_o faint_a which_o variety_n can_v come_v from_o the_o heat_n asclepiades_n acknowledge_v a_o faculty_n in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n but_o whereas_o this_o opinion_n asclepiades_n his_o opinion_n motion_n be_v in_o dilatation_n and_o constriction_n he_o affirm_v that_o the_o distension_n only_o be_v from_o the_o faculty_n and_o the_o contraction_n from_o nature_n that_o be_v from_o the_o predominant_a element_n and_o from_o the_o weight_n because_o when_o the_o creature_n be_v dead_a the_o artery_n do_v fall_v so_o bladder_n if_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o any_o thing_n they_o be_v distend_v but_o they_o fall_v of_o themselves_o and_o all_o round_a and_o hollow_a body_n be_v dilate_v by_o some_o faculty_n but_o afterward_o do_v fall_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o own_o part_n on_o the_o contrary_a those_o thing_n that_o be_v contract_v by_o any_o faculty_n that_o faculty_n cease_v they_o be_v again_o dilate_v therefore_o if_o the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v by_o a_o faculty_n then_o be_v they_o contract_v by_o their_o gravity_n and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a wherefore_o they_o need_v not_o a_o faculty_n for_o both_o herophylus_n quite_o contrary_a will_v have_v the_o contraction_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o a_o faculty_n but_o the_o dilatation_n say_v he_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o return_n of_o the_o artery_n to_o his_o natural_a position_n opinion_n herophylus_n his_o opinion_n because_o say_v he_o the_o artery_n of_o dead_a carcase_n be_v cast_v into_o hot_a water_n when_o
artery_n be_v move_v with_o a_o diverse_a motion_n three_o as_o attraction_n and_o expulsation_n be_v in_o other_o part_n so_o it_o be_v likely_a they_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n three_o the_o three_o but_o when_o the_o stomach_n drive_v out_o the_o chylus_n the_o messentery_a vein_n do_v draw_v it_o and_o therefore_o when_o the_o heart_n drive_v out_o blood_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n than_o the_o artery_n draw_v it_o and_o so_o their_o motion_n be_v contrary_a four_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v then_o become_v it_o short_a and_o draw_v unto_o it_o four_o the_o four_o self_n the_o artery_n that_o be_v continual_a with_o it_o and_o therefore_o make_v they_o narrow_a but_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v and_o become_v long_o last_o if_o one_o hand_n be_v place_v upon_o the_o breast_n &_o another_o upon_o the_o wrist_n the_o same_o stroke_n will_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v perceive_v but_o the_o stroke_n and_o percussion_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v do_v by_o the_o fist_n the_o fist_n contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v it_o come_v to_o the_o breast_n and_o strike_v it_o but_o when_o it_o be_v distend_v it_o become_v short_a and_z recede_v from_o the_o chest_n now_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o from_o the_o contraction_n but_o from_o the_o dilatation_n wherefore_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o a_o diverse_a motion_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o by_o the_o truth_n itself_o prove_v by_o reason_n yet_o be_v we_o persuade_v with_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la pull_v &_o 3._o depraesag_n expul_n &_o 6._o de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n and_o this_o we_o be_v teach_v first_o by_o experience_n then_o by_o strong_a &_o invincible_a force_n of_o argument_n the_o experience_n be_v instance_a by_o galen_n which_o every_o man_n may_v make_v trial_n of_o in_o himself_o if_o one_o experience_n experience_n hand_n be_v lay_v upon_o the_o breast_n and_o another_o upon_o the_o wrist_n the_o same_o stroke_n will_v be_v perceive_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o beside_o in_o diffection_n of_o live_a creature_n we_o have_v often_o observe_v the_o very_a same_o but_o beside_o these_o reason_n do_v evince_v it_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o move_v by_o the_o impulsion_n of_o the_o blood_n not_o by_o the_o boil_a or_o heat_n of_o it_o but_o first_o reason_n first_o by_o a_o faculty_n and_o that_o not_o of_o the_o artery_n but_o yssue_v from_o the_o heart_n therefore_o they_o be_v contract_v by_o the_o faculty_n which_o contract_v the_o heart_n and_o distend_v by_o the_o same_o force_n and_o power_n by_o which_o it_o be_v distend_v but_o if_o they_o be_v move_v with_o diverse_a motion_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o dilate_v faculty_n must_v flow_v from_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o same_o moment_n wherein_o it_o be_v contract_v which_o no_o philosopher_n will_v dare_v to_o admit_v beside_o that_o motion_n be_v the_o same_o which_o have_v the_o same_o efficient_a and_o final_a cause_n but_o the_o pulsative_a power_n be_v the_o same_o which_o second_o second_o move_v the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o end_n also_o be_v the_o same_o to_o wit_n nutrition_n temperation_n or_o qualification_n and_o expurgation_n three_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a be_v all_o one_o and_o a_o part_n of_o that_o be_v three_o three_o move_v which_o be_v continual_a with_o the_o whole_a the_o whole_a be_v move_v as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o string_n of_o instrument_n but_o the_o artery_n and_o heart_n be_v continual_a together_o wherefore_o if_o they_o be_v instance_n a_o instance_n move_v by_o the_o heart_n as_o be_v most_o evident_a then_o will_v it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o they_o shall_v both_o be_v move_v together_o by_o the_o same_o motion_n four_o unless_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v together_o distend_v and_o together_o four_o four_o contract_v the_o hart_n shall_v not_o be_v refrigerated_a in_o his_o dilatation_n because_o the_o artery_n be_v contract_v there_o will_v follow_v a_o exclusion_n of_o the_o smoky_a excrment_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o so_o the_o hart_n and_o the_o artery_n shall_v mutual_o strive_v &_o their_o motion_n be_v in_o vain_a five_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o in_o the_o contraction_n the_o heart_n shall_v draw_v air_n from_o five_o five_o the_o dilate_a and_o distend_v artery_n for_o sometime_o the_o use_n of_o respiration_n be_v take_v away_o as_o in_o passion_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o hart_n do_v not_o draw_v air_n from_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o venal_a artery_n because_o than_o no_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o nostril_n yet_o the_o hart_n move_v and_o the_o artery_n beat_v now_o it_o be_v move_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n but_o this_o generation_n be_v not_o without_o the_o admistion_n of_o air_n it_o draw_v therefore_o air_n from_o the_o artery_n not_o contract_v because_o then_o be_v the_o excrement_n expel_v but_o from_o the_o artery_n distend_v but_o if_o when_o the_o artery_n be_v distend_v the_o heart_n be_v contract_v than_o the_o contract_a heart_n shall_v draw_v from_o the_o distend_v artery_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n become_v contrary_a six_o this_o faculty_n be_v incorporeal_a communicate_v itself_o in_o a_o moment_n wherefore_o at_o sixt._n sixt._n what_o time_n the_o hart_n begin_v to_o dilate_v it_o distend_v all_o the_o artery_n and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_n final_o the_o pulse_n which_o be_v in_o anger_n sorrow_n and_o other_o passion_n do_v sufficient_o show_v that_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n for_o if_o when_o the_o hart_n seven_o seven_o be_v dilate_v the_o artery_n shall_v be_v contract_v then_o in_o anger_n the_o pulse_n shall_v be_v small_a in_o grief_n great_a because_o in_o anger_n the_o heart_n be_v somewhat_o contract_v and_o therefore_o the_o artery_n shall_v be_v but_o a_o little_a dilate_a contrariwise_o in_o grief_n the_o artery_n shall_v be_v very_o much_o dilate_v because_o the_o heart_n be_v strong_o contract_v but_o how_o false_a this_o be_v common_a experience_n will_v witness_v let_v we_o therefore_o settle_v ourselves_o in_o galens_n opinion_n and_o determine_v that_o the_o man_n what_o deceive_v the_o former_a learned_a man_n artery_n be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v the_o structure_n of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n deceive_v those_o learned_a man_n which_o hold_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n together_o with_o the_o obscure_a manner_n of_o the_o heart_n motion_n for_o there_o be_v in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n four_o notable_a vessel_n the_o hollow_a vein_n the_o arterial_a vein_n the_o venal_a artery_n and_o the_o great_a artery_n they_o imagine_v that_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o dyactole_n do_v draw_v something_o from_o these_o four_o vessel_n and_o in_o his_o systole_n drive_v something_o into_o they_o all_o and_o that_o therefore_o in_o the_o diastole_n of_o the_o heart_n they_o be_v all_o empty_v that_o the_o heart_n may_v be_v fill_v and_o in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n they_o be_v all_o fill_v because_o the_o heart_n be_v empty_v beside_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n for_o they_o will_v have_v the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n to_o be_v dilate_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o air_n or_o blood_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o dilate_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v but_o because_o they_o be_v dilate_v therefore_o be_v they_o fill_v only_o the_o power_n be_v what_o the_o truth_n be_v &_o pulsative_a faculty_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o heart_n distend_v the_o artery_n not_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o for_o whether_o they_o be_v distend_v or_o contract_v they_o remain_v always_o full_a of_o blood_n but_o if_o you_o shall_v think_v that_o they_o be_v distend_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v then_o blood_n the_o artery_n in_o both_o motion_n be_v still_o lust_n of_o blood_n will_v it_o follow_v that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o can_v be_v all_o distend_v for_o how_o can_v that_o corporeal_a blood_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o moment_n from_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o foot_n i_o will_v give_v you_o for_o illustration_n of_o this_o matter_n a_o elegant_a example_n the_o smith_n bellows_n because_o example_n a_o fit_a example_n they_o be_v dilate_v be_v therefore_o fill_v with_o air_n and_o the_o chest_n because_o it_o be_v distend_v by_o the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v present_o fill_v but_o
we_o shall_v hear_v afterward_o the_o use_n of_o this_o vital_a spirit_n be_v according_a to_o his_o nature_n divine_a also_o both_o within_o and_o influens_fw-la the_o use_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n within_o &_o without_o the_o heart_n calor_fw-la influens_fw-la without_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o heart_n to_o be_v the_o principal_a instrument_n of_o the_o function_n of_o the_o heart_n without_o the_o heart_n his_o use_n be_v double_a one_o to_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o we_o call_v calor_fw-la influens_fw-la the_o influent_a heat_n which_o it_o may_v receive_v as_o the_o air_n do_v the_o light_n and_o so_o exhibit_v it_o to_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o the_o other_o to_o be_v the_o martyr_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n this_o vital_a spirit_n have_v a_o double_a matter_n airy_a and_o sanguine_a for_o it_o be_v make_v as_o galen_n say_v in_o double_a his_o matter_n double_a his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hipp._n &_o platonis_fw-la of_o aer_fw-la and_o blood_n mingle_v together_o that_o it_o be_v make_v of_o aer_fw-la hypocrates_n teach_v in_o epidemijs_n when_o he_o say_v such_o as_o be_v the_o aer_fw-la such_o be_v air_n air_n the_o spirit_n a_o foggy_a and_o cloudy_a aer_fw-la engender_v a_o gross_a and_o duskish_a spirit_n and_o again_o hypocrates_n the_o southwind_n dull_a the_o hear_n be_v misty_a and_o breed_v a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o spirit_n this_o airy_a substance_n alone_o can_v contain_v within_o the_o body_n the_o vital_a heat_n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o admistion_n of_o thin_a and_o subtle_a blood_n which_o shall_v restrain_v the_o blood_n blood_n impetuous_a force_n of_o the_o air_n and_o both_o these_o matter_n before_o they_o come_v unto_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o preparation_n the_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o prepare_v how_o &_o where_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v prepare_v nose_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n his_o vessel_n and_o his_o whole_a soft_a rare_a and_o spongy_a substance_n &_o by_o a_o long_a delay_n do_v acquire_v a_o quality_n familiar_a to_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n this_o air_n thus_o prepare_v be_v convey_v by_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o this_o be_v the_o preparation_n of_o the_o aer_fw-la these_o the_o passage_n by_o which_o it_o be_v conduct_v to_o the_o heart_n concern_v the_o preparation_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o what_o place_n it_o be_v make_v and_o accomplish_v opinion_n how_o the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v 4._o opinion_n and_o by_o what_o way_n it_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n the_o anatomist_n do_v strive_v with_o implacable_a contention_n i_o have_v read_v and_o turn_v over_o many_o of_o the_o monument_n both_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o also_o of_o late_a writer_n and_o i_o find_v four_o opinion_n every_o one_o repugnant_a to_o another_o the_o first_o and_o the_o most_o ancient_a be_v that_o of_o galen_n he_o think_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v carry_v galem_fw-la the_o first_o and_o true_a of_o galem_fw-la through_o the_o hollow_a vein_n which_o with_o a_o open_a mouth_n gape_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o into_o a_o cistern_n and_o be_v there_o boil_a attenuate_v and_o subact_v and_o then_o a_o part_n of_o it_o be_v send_v by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n into_o the_o lung_n &_o distribute_v into_o they_o for_o their_o norishment_n the_o remainder_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o middle_a partition_n which_o like_o a_o wall_n sever_v the_o two_o ventricles_n asunder_o into_o the_o left_a where_o it_o be_v by_o the_o inbred_a virtue_n of_o the_o heart_n mingle_v with_o the_o aer_fw-la and_o do_v there_o acquire_v the_o form_n of_o a_o vital_a spirit_n assist_v partly_o by_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n of_o the_o heart_n partly_o by_o a_o exceed_a heat_n &_o flame_n whereby_o it_o be_v wrought_v as_o in_o a_o furnace_n into_o a_o more_o pure_a elementary_a form_n this_o opinion_n of_o galen_n which_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v most_o true_a some_o of_o late_a time_n have_v condemn_v for_o they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o possible_a that_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o blood_n as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o generation_n of_o objection_n objection_n vital_a spirit_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n can_v sweat_v through_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n there_o be_v no_o apparent_a and_o sensible_a passage_n and_o the_o wall_n also_o be_v very_o thick_a and_o solid_a moreover_o they_o object_n that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o than_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v vain_a and_o idle_a for_o why_o shall_v not_o the_o blood_n and_o air_n be_v thus_o attenuate_v repass_n again_o out_o of_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o right_n see_v the_o same_o way_n be_v open_a for_o they_o the_o same_o passage_n &_o no_o value_n or_o gate_n to_o hinder_v it_o but_o these_o objection_n be_v of_o less_o weight_n then_o that_o they_o shall_v weaken_v himself_o galens_n mind_n explain_v by_o himself_o the_o authority_n of_o so_o great_a a_o author_n of_o our_o art_n and_o galen_n himself_o foresee_v in_o the_o 15._o cha_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr facultatibus_fw-la naturalibus_fw-la that_o there_o will_v be_v some_o which_o will_v make_v these_o childish_a objection_n wherefore_o in_o another_o place_n he_o thus_o elegant_o explain_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n that_o which_o be_v the_o thin_a be_v draw_v through_o the_o pore_n or_o passage_n of_o the_o partition_n who_o utmost_a end_n can_v hardly_o be_v perceyve_v because_o after_o death_n all_o such_o yea_o all_o other_o passage_n that_o be_v not_o distend_v by_o the_o matter_n contain_v in_o they_o do_v fall_v together_o but_o that_o it_o be_v this_o way_n transmit_v hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a because_o nature_n never_o endevour_v any_o thing_n rash_o or_o in_o vain_a but_o there_o be_v certain_a den_n in_o the_o fence_n or_o partition_n deep_a bosom_n very_o many_o which_o grow_v narrow_a to_o their_o outlet_n by_o which_o the_o blood_n may_v free_o and_o with_o a_o large_a stream_n issue_n out_o of_o one_o ventricle_n into_o another_o but_o the_o cause_n why_o this_o blood_n do_v not_o return_v again_o out_o of_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o right_a side_n may_v be_v well_o refer_v to_o the_o peculiar_a force_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o left_a ventricle_n draw_v this_o blood_n and_o retain_v it_o by_o a_o inbred_a propriety_n and_o for_o a_o while_n enjoy_v it_o and_o then_o thrust_v it_o forth_o into_o the_o tunnel_n of_o the_o artery_n so_o the_o blood_n which_o either_o have_v sweat_n through_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n or_o be_v pour_v forth_o at_o their_o mouth_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o each_o part_n return_v not_o into_o the_o vein_n again_o because_o it_o be_v retain_v and_o receyve_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o opinion_n albeit_o it_o be_v most_o clear_a of_o itself_o yet_o it_o will_v be_v better_o manifest_v unto_o we_o after_o we_o have_v take_v knowledge_n of_o other_o man_n conceit_n and_o discuss_v they_o to_o the_o full_a the_o second_o opinion_n therefore_o be_v that_o of_o columbus_n that_o the_o blood_n indeed_o be_v attenuate_v and_o prepare_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n by_o columbus_n the_o second_o opinion_n of_o columbus_n other_o passage_n and_o not_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o fence_n or_o partition_n and_o what_o need_v we_o seek_v for_o so_o small_a and_o secret_a pore_n when_o it_o have_v a_o open_a channel_n the_o arterial_a vein_n which_o say_v he_o carry_v all_o the_o blood_n out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n into_o the_o lung_n where_o a_o part_n of_o it_o be_v distribute_v for_o their_o nourishment_n the_o rest_n be_v return_v into_o the_o venal_a artery_n and_o from_o it_o together_o with_o the_o air_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o this_o opinion_n of_o his_o he_o strengthen_v with_o two_o reason_n the_o arterial_a vein_n say_v he_o be_v great_a than_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n it_o be_v therefore_o like_a that_o it_o be_v destinate_a also_o for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n his_o other_o reason_n be_v this_o there_o be_v always_o in_o the_o venal_a artery_n thin_a and_o arterial_a blood_n this_o blood_n be_v receive_v not_o from_o the_o left_a ventricle_n for_o the_o three-forked_a membrane_n will_v not_o suffer_v it_o therefore_o from_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o lung_n these_o thing_n be_v very_o probable_a and_o cloak_v with_o the_o veil_n of_o truth_n yet_o not_o to_o be_v admit_v for_o
of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n pour_v out_o blood_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o that_o as_o galen_n say_v in_o the_o 15._o chapter_n of_o his_o 6._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la the_o lung_n in_o a_o infant_n be_v read_v dense_a and_o immovable_a and_o be_v nourish_v with_o thick_a and_o gross_a blood_n second_o the_o membrane_n place_v in_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n which_o he_o call_v not_o well_o three-forked_a for_o the_o value_v of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o the_o venal_a artery_n one_o be_v three_o fork_a the_o rest_n be_v semicircular_a he_o do_v not_o imagine_v be_v make_v to_o that_o end_n that_o they_o shall_v prohibit_v blood_n for_o go_v out_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n into_o the_o hart_n because_o while_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o the_o womb_n they_o hinder_v not_o the_o arterial_a blood_n from_o enter_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o here_o vlmus_fw-la offend_v at_o the_o stone_n at_o which_o he_o stumble_v before_o for_o nothing_o vessel_n nothing_o go_v into_o the_o infant_n heart_n out_o of_o any_o of_o the_o vessel_n flow_v into_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n by_o his_o four_o orifice_n not_o blood_n by_o the_o hollow_a vein_n for_o what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o his_o attenuation_n when_o the_o infant_n lung_n be_v nourish_v with_o thick_a blood_n not_o air_n by_o the_o venal_a artery_n for_o the_o infant_n breathe_v not_o in_o the_o womb_n not_o arterial_a blood_n by_o the_o aorta_fw-mi or_o great_a artery_n for_o this_o labour_n be_v vain_a because_o in_o a_o moment_n it_o shall_v be_v thrust_v back_o into_o the_o same_o aorta_fw-mi again_o add_v to_o this_o that_o there_o shall_v have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o that_o arterial_a canal_n or_o pipe_n go_v from_o the_o great_a artery_n to_o the_o arterial_a vein_n unknown_a to_o thou_o vlmus_fw-la as_o i_o see_v and_o almost_o to_o all_o anatomist_n three_o while_o vlmus_fw-la assent_v to_o botallus_n and_o fashion_v to_o himself_o a_o peculiar_a use_n of_o that_o hole_n or_o passage_n he_o wallow_v in_o the_o same_o puddle_n with_o he_o and_o deserve_v the_o same_o reproof_n botallus_n have_v in_o confute_v of_o columbus_n he_o be_v most_o subtle_a at_o length_n he_o bring_v opinion_n vlmus_fw-la opinion_n to_o the_o birth_n his_o witty_a conceit_n which_o he_o travel_v with_o and_o after_o many_o sharp_a throw_n and_o pinch_n be_v deliver_v of_o it_o to_o wit_n that_o in_o the_o spleen_n the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v prepare_v because_o the_o spleen_n be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o woof_n and_o web_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n inexplicable_o weave_v true_a how_o it_o can_v be_v true_a together_o that_o when_o it_o be_v so_o prepare_v it_o be_v suck_v away_o by_o the_o artery_n and_o carry_v into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o so_o into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o there_o be_v indeed_o many_o obstacle_n which_o will_v hinder_v this_o ready_a passage_n if_o we_o will_v but_o stay_v a_o while_n and_o follow_v the_o stream_n a_o little_a first_o of_o all_o in_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n there_o be_v three_o membrane_n shut_v without_o against_o it_o so_o that_o by_o they_o the_o arterial_a blood_n can_v pass_v this_o our_o very_a eye_n teach_v we_o and_o beside_o our_o great_a dictator_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n have_v in_o direct_a word_n deliver_v the_o same_o vlmus_fw-la i_o know_v also_o will_v deny_v this_o use_n of_o the_o value_n and_o yet_o i_o know_v also_o he_o will_v not_o say_v that_o nature_n form_v they_o in_o vain_a i_o say_v then_o that_o if_o they_o do_v not_o altogether_o interclude_v or_o hinder_v the_o egress_n and_o regress_n of_o the_o blood_n yet_o as_o he_o himself_o be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v they_o break_v and_o stay_v the_o abundant_a and_o violent_a influence_n of_o the_o same_o which_o if_o they_o do_v then_o can_v the_o whole_a matter_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o spleen_n by_o the_o great_a artery_n unto_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n because_o see_v the_o generation_n of_o the_o spirit_n must_v be_v sudden_a and_o abundant_a their_o matter_n also_o have_v need_n to_o be_v minister_v with_o a_o full_a stream_n and_o not_o drop_n or_o sipe_n by_o degree_n into_o the_o heart_n furthermore_o in_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v one_o point_n of_o nature_n excellent_a workmanship_a that_o draw_v by_o one_o vessel_n and_o expel_v by_o another_o it_o draw_v blood_n by_o the_o hollowveine_n the_o same_o it_o expel_v by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n it_o draw_v air_n hy_z the_o venal_a artery_n which_o it_o mingle_v with_o the_o blood_n and_o expel_v the_o vital_a spirit_n into_o the_o great_a artery_n but_o if_o by_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o shall_v draw_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o same_o moment_n shall_v expel_v the_o spirit_n into_o the_o same_o great_a artery_n again_o there_o will_v be_v a_o mixture_n of_o those_o ivice_n and_o in_o the_o artery_n will_v there_o also_o be_v perpetual_o two_o contrary_a motion_n one_o of_o the_o blood_n ascend_v from_o the_o spleen_n to_o the_o heart_n another_o of_o the_o arterial_a blood_n descend_v from_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o spleen_n which_o as_o we_o admit_v may_v be_v sometime_o in_o critical_a evacuation_n &_o in_o notable_a maister-prise_n of_o nature_n so_o we_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v perpetual_a but_o the_o generation_n of_o spirit_n be_v perpetual_a vlmus_fw-la will_n object_n that_o the_o venal_a artery_n lead_v air_n unto_o the_o heart_n and_o shut_v also_o out_o into_o the_o lung_n smoky_a vapour_n together_o with_o some_o portion_n of_o blood_n but_o we_o will_v answer_v objection_n objection_n that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a reason_n of_o air_n and_o of_o blood_n air_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o subtility_n answer_n answer_n and_o fineness_n can_v pass_v through_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o coat_n which_o blood_n can_v do_v moreover_o if_o the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o spleen_n and_o not_o in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o galen_n think_v why_o do_v the_o hollow_a vein_n open_a into_o the_o heart_n with_o so_o wide_a a_o mouth_n be_v it_o only_o for_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n no_o very_o for_o the_o orifice_n argument_n a_o argument_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o arterial_a vein_n as_o galen_n say_v in_o his_o 3._o book_n and_o 15._o chapter_n de_fw-fr facultate_fw-la natural_a be_v it_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o heart_n nothing_o less_o for_o the_o heart_n have_v a_o peculiar_a vein_n call_v the_o crown_n vein_n by_o which_o it_o be_v nourish_v therefore_o that_o patent_n orifice_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n at_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v ordain_v to_o cast_v in_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o spirit_n into_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o they_o be_v force_v and_o send_v out_o into_o the_o little_a world_n of_o the_o body_n final_o from_o hence_o i_o gather_v that_o the_o spleen_n be_v not_o ordain_v for_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n because_o heart_n why_o thesplene_n can_v prepare_v the_o blood_n for_o the_o heart_n the_o spleen_n be_v very_o subject_a to_o obstruction_n not_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o vessel_n which_o be_v very_o ample_a and_o large_a nor_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o parenchyma_n or_o flesh_n which_o be_v rare_a and_o spongy_a and_o therefore_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o feculent_a and_o muddy_a humour_n contain_v in_o it_o but_o how_o shall_v it_o serve_v for_o the_o expurgation_n of_o the_o dross_n and_o the_o blood_n and_o for_o the_o preparation_n also_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n the_o heart_n and_o thence_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o left_a by_o the_o hole_n and_o nook_n of_o the_o partition_n wall_n qvest._n vii_o whether_o the_o matter_n and_o quitture_v of_o those_o that_o be_v call_v empyici_n maybe_o purge_v by_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o how_o it_o be_v purge_v by_o the_o urine_n by_o the_o siege_n and_o by_o apostemation_n this_o question_n have_v wring_v the_o wit_n of_o many_o scholar_n a_o long_a time_n notwithstanding_o according_a to_o the_o mean_a modele_n of_o our_o wit_n we_o will_v here_o if_o empyici_fw-la who_o be_v empyici_fw-la it_o may_v be_v untie_v that_o knot_n we_o call_v those_o empyici_n with_o hypocrates_n who_o have_v a_o imposthume_n as_o we_o call_v it_o or_o a_o bladder_n break_v in_o the_o side_n or_o the_o lung_n the_o matter_n of_o which_o
it_o be_v whiten_v after_o it_o be_v so_o praepare_v it_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o epididymis_fw-la through_o who_o insensible_a passage_n it_o sweat_v into_o the_o spongy_a and_o friable_a substance_n of_o the_o testicle_n themselves_o where_o have_v attein_v the_o form_n and_o perfection_n of_o seed_n it_o be_v deliver_v over_o by_o the_o eiaculatory_a or_o rather_o the_o leading-vessel_n to_o the_o parastatae_n and_o from_o they_o transcolate_v to_o the_o prostatae_fw-la which_o reserve_v the_o seed_n be_v now_o turgid_a and_o full_a of_o spirit_n for_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o nature_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o that_o power_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o seede-making_a faculty_n or_o the_o faculty_n of_o generation_n be_v from_o the_o testicle_n immediate_o by_o which_o faculty_n the_o part_n be_v stir_v up_o do_v pour_v out_o of_o themselves_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n when_o venus_n do_v so_o require_v this_o faculty_n be_v the_o author_n in_o man_n of_o virility_n and_o in_o woman_n of_o muliebrity_n and_o breed_v in_o all_o creature_n that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o which_o the_o heat_n be_v blow_v up_o be_v the_o cause_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v heat_v and_o attenuate_v distend_v the_o vein_n and_o the_o body_n or_o bulk_n of_o that_o part_n grow_v turgid_a and_o impatient_a of_o his_o place_n which_o the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o low_a region_n in_o the_o middle_a region_n there_o be_v many_o part_n of_o great_a worth_n but_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o region_n the_o middle_a region_n heart_n dim_v the_o light_n of_o the_o rest_n which_o all_o be_v to_o it_o but_o servant_n and_o attendant_n the_o heart_n therefore_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v to_o beat_v because_o heart_n the_o heart_n it_o be_v perpetual_o move_v from_o the_o ingate_n to_o the_o outgate_n of_o life_n this_o be_v a_o pyramidal_a bowell_n who_o basis_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o mucro_fw-la or_o point_n reach_v towards_o the_o left_a side_n the_o magnitude_n but_o small_a that_o the_o motion_n may_v be_v more_o free_a and_o nimble_a the_o flesh_n very_o fast_o and_o exceed_o hot_a intertex_v or_o weave_v with_o all_o three_o kind_n of_o fibres_n and_o nourish_v with_o blood_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o two_o branch_n of_o the_o coronary_a vein_n on_o the_o outside_n it_o have_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o fat_a and_o swim_v in_o a_o waterish_a lie_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o pericardium_n wherewith_o as_o with_o a_o purse_n the_o heart_n be_v encompass_v on_o the_o inside_n it_o be_v distinguish_v by_o a_o intermediate_v partition_n into_o two_o ventricles_n the_o right_n be_v less_o noble_a than_o the_o left_a and_o frame_v most_o what_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o lung_n it_o receive_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n from_o the_o yawn_a 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great_a artery_n which_o distribute_v unto_o the_o whole_a body_n vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n for_o according_a as_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o be_v it_o draw_v the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o chylus_n by_o the_o meseraicke_a artery_n into_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o arterial_a blood_n and_o at_o his_o mouth_n do_v grow_v three_o value_v open_v inward_a we_o say_v further_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v the_o faculty_n the_o vital_a faculty_n habitation_n of_o the_o vital_a faculty_n which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o pulsation_n and_o respiration_n beget_v vital_a spirit_n of_o air_n and_o blood_n mix_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o this_o faculty_n although_o it_o be_v vital_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o the_o life_n itself_o and_o differ_v from_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n both_o in_o the_o function_n and_o in_o the_o extent_n and_o latitude_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n be_v natural_a to_o the_o heart_n as_o proceed_v and_o depend_v upon_o the_o vital_a faculty_n for_o it_o be_v not_o move_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o voluntary_o as_o be_v the_o animal_n faculty_n but_o only_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o foresay_a faculty_n of_o pulsation_n do_v proceed_v two_o motion_n the_o diastole_n &_o the_o systole_n between_o which_o there_o be_v a_o double_a rest_n these_o motion_n in_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n be_v the_o same_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o so_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o motion_n be_v supply_v from_o the_o heart_n unto_o the_o artrry_v as_o from_o a_o principle_n both_o move_v and_o move_v final_o to_o come_v unto_o that_o which_o we_o be_v now_o in_o hand_n withal_o in_o the_o upper_a region_n we_o meet_v with_o the_o brain_n compass_v with_o the_o strong_a battlement_n of_o the_o scull_n adorn_v with_o region_n the_o upper_a region_n the_o face_n as_o with_o a_o beautiful_a frontispiece_n wherein_o the_o soul_n inhabit_v not_o only_o in_o essence_n and_o power_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n but_o in_o her_o magnificense_n and_o throne_n of_o state_n this_o brain_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o frame_v with_o such_o curiosity_n so_o many_o labyrinth_n and_o meander_n be_v therein_o that_o even_o a_o good_a wit_n may_v easy_o be_v at_o loss_n when_o it_o be_v train_v away_o with_o so_o diverse_a scent_n in_o a_o argument_n so_o boundless_a and_o vast_a notwithstanding_o we_o will_v as_o brief_o and_o succinct_o as_o we_o can_v give_v you_o a_o view_n of_o the_o fabric_n and_o nature_n thereof_o refer_v the_o reader_n for_o better_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n wherein_o we_o hope_v to_o give_v even_o he_o that_o be_v curious_a some_o contentment_n the_o substance_n therefore_o of_o the_o brain_n be_v medullous_a or_o marrowy_a but_o a_o proper_a marrow_n not_o like_a that_o of_o other_o part_n frame_v out_o of_o the_o pure_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v brain_n the_o brain_n moovable_a and_o that_o with_o a_o natural_a motion_n which_o be_v double_a one_o proper_a to_o itself_o another_o come_n from_o without_o it_o be_v full_a of_o sense_n but_o that_o sense_n be_v operative_a or_o active_a not_o passive_a for_o the_o behoof_n of_o this_o brain_n be_v the_o head_n frame_v nor_o the_o head_n alone_o but_o also_o the_o whole_a body_n itself_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n and_o for_o the_o exhibit_v of_o the_o function_n of_o the_o inward_a sense_n and_o the_o principal_a faculty_n in_o this_o brain_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v first_o his_o part_n then_o his_o faculty_n the_o brain_n therefore_o occupi_v the_o whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o skull_n and_o by_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o hard_a membrane_n be_v divide_v into_o a_o forepart_n and_o a_o backpart_n the_o forepart_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o magnitude_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o brain_n be_v again_o divide_v by_o a_o body_n or_o duplicate_v membrane_n resemble_v a_o mowerssy_a the_o into_o a_o right_a side_n &_o a_o left_a both_o which_o side_n be_v again_o continue_v by_o the_o interposition_n or_o mediation_n of_o a_o callous_a body_n this_o callous_a body_n descend_v a_o little_a downward_o appear_v to_o be_v excavate_v or_o ed_z into_o two_o large_a ventricle_n much_o resemble_v the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n ear_n through_o which_o cavity_n a_o thrum_n of_o crisp_a vessel_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v do_v run_v wherein_o the_o animal_n spirit_n receive_v their_o preparation_n and_o out_o of_o these_o ventricles_n do_v issue_n two_o swell_a pap_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_v and_o do_v determine_v at_o the_o
the_o form_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o use_v it_o be_v diverse_o form_v so_o that_o one_o part_n be_v more_o dilate_a another_o more_o angustated_a or_o contract_v therefore_o the_o anatomist_n have_v divide_v it_o into_o certain_a place_n brain_n the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o large_a of_o they_o they_o call_v ventricle_n the_o narrow_a they_o call_v meatus_fw-la or_o passage_n the_o ventricle_n call_v by_o galen_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o ancient_n and_o many_o of_o the_o new_a writer_n also_o follow_v therein_o herophylus_n have_v reckon_v four_o in_o the_o brain_n three_o two_o foreward_n a_o right_a and_o a_o left_a and_o the_o three_o in_o the_o midst_n the_o four_o they_o make_v common_a to_o the_o after-braine_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n the_o first_o two_o of_o these_o call_v by_o archangelus_n the_o superior_a because_o they_o hang_v over_o the_o other_o by_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n the_o 10_o 11_o and_z 12_o chapter_n and_o diverse_a other_o place_n the_o anterior_a ventricle_n be_v cut_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v the_o large_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n because_o say_v laurentius_n they_o contain_v a_o crass_a spirit_n or_o rather_o abundance_n of_o phelgme_n they_o be_v on_o either_o side_n one_o the_o right_a on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o leave_v on_o the_o left_a alike_o each_o to_o other_o in_o situation_n form_n magnitude_n and_o use_n they_o be_v situate_a length_n wise_a in_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n thereof_o tab._n 9_o fig._n 4_o tab._n 10_o fig._n 5_o i_o fig._n 6_o the_o right_n be_v note_v with_o d_o but_o the_o left_a in_o the_o 9_o table_n and_o the_o 4_o figure_n and_o the_o 10._o table_n and_o the_o five_o figure_n at_o m_n in_o the_o 6._o figure_n at_o e_o whether_o you_o respect_v the_o length_n or_o the_o depth_n of_o it_o in_o their_o fore_n and_o hinder_v part_n they_o be_v broad_a and_o more_o disjoin_v in_o the_o midst_n less_o where_o they_o be_v only_o divide_v by_o that_o thin_a partition_n we_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o former_a chapter_n tab_v 10_o fig._n â—_o xx_o yy_a they_o run_v oblique_o or_o semicircular_o say_v archangelus_n tab._n 9_o fig._n 4_o from_z figure_n their_o figure_n l_o to_o m_o for_o beginning_n about_o the_o temple_n where_o the_o marrow_n begin_v they_o be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o curue_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o marrow_n and_o at_o the_o region_n of_o the_o ear_n they_o be_v bend_v again_o and_o so_o seem_v to_o make_v two_o semicircle_n they_o be_v long_o wind_a &_o somewhat_o large_a their_o forepart_n be_v blunt_a and_o round_o tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o and_o tab_v 10_o fig._n 5_o l_o and_o the_o low_a m_n and_o in_o their_o inside_n they_o â—â—nke_v down_o unto_o the_o three_o ventricle_n tab._n 10_o fig._n 5_o under_o s_n t_o v_o and_o in_o the_o 6._o figure_n at_o h_n and_o i_o in_o the_o eleven_o table_n and_o the_o 7_o fig._n at_o h_n whereupon_o some_o who_o have_v not_o diligent_o follow_v their_o curue_v passage_n have_v think_v that_o beside_o these_o two_o there_o be_v other_o two_o ventricle_n in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o have_v make_v up_o the_o number_n of_o six_o ventricle_n but_o we_o esteem_v they_o to_o be_v portion_n of_o these_o upper_a for_o they_o be_v indeed_o large_a than_o usual_o they_o be_v esteem_v backward_o also_o they_o be_v obtuse_a and_o round_a tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o the_o upper_a l_o and_o m_o and_o do_v descend_v by_o degree_n downward_o into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o forward_o be_v straighten_v like_o the_o small_a end_n of_o a_o horn_n and_o so_o creep_v on_o to_o the_o mammillary_a process_n and_o the_o ingress_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n tab_v 11_o fig._n 7_o and_o 8._o f_o g_o and_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n their_o upper_a face_n be_v line_v with_o a_o waterish_a moisture_n and_o they_o be_v often_o find_v full_a they_o the_o water_n in_o they_o thereof_o their_o upper_a part_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o from_z l_o to_o l_o and_z from_o n_n to_o n_n according_o to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v smooth_a and_o equal_a the_o low_a part_n be_v unaequall_a tab_v 10_o fig._n 6_o r_z or_o s_o because_o of_o the_o hollowness_n prepare_v to_o receive_v the_o defluxion_n of_o the_o phelgme_n which_o hollowness_n creep_v oblique_o out_o of_o the_o backepart_n of_o the_o ventricle_n forward_o into_o their_o common_a cavity_n galen_n whether_o they_o be_v line_v with_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la vesalius_n against_o galen_n for_o these_o two_o ventricle_n as_o we_o shall_v say_v by_o and_o by_o do_v determine_v into_o a_o common_a cavity_n galen_n and_o the_o ancient_n after_o he_o do_v write_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o first_o three_o ventricle_n be_v as_o the_o brain_n cover_v with_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la vesalius_n deny_v it_o and_o add_v a_o reason_n for_o say_v he_o if_o the_o ventricle_n be_v line_v within_o the_o membrane_n will_v hinder_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n from_o work_v the_o matter_n convey_v into_o they_o into_o animal_n spirit_n but_o columbus_n and_o archangelus_n side_n with_o galen_n against_o he_o and_o archangelus_n think_v that_o the_o septum_fw-la lucidum_fw-la be_v make_v of_o the_o duplication_n of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la after_o it_o have_v invest_v these_o ventricle_n we_o leave_v this_o to_o be_v far_o scan_v by_o the_o curious_a dissector_n sure_o we_o be_v that_o that_o which_o be_v call_v plexus_fw-la chorides_n lie_v upon_o they_o from_o whence_o small_a vein_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o pp_n tab_v 10_o fig._n 5_o n_z figure_n 6_o oo_z be_v derive_v which_o grow_v in_o the_o forepart_n to_o their_o substance_n like_v unto_o those_o which_o run_v through_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o eye_n call_v tunica_n adnata_fw-la archangelus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la be_v itself_o of_o exquisite_a sense_n may_v by_o mean_n of_o these_o small_a vein_n suffer_v inflammation_n whence_o come_v those_o deep_a pain_n which_o be_v sometime_o feel_v in_o the_o centre_n head_n the_o cause_n of_o deep_a pain_n in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o indeed_o galen_n make_v express_v mention_n both_o of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la compass_v their_o cavity_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o as_o also_o of_o these_o vein_n which_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o ventricle_n in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o 9_o book_n of_o his_o anatomicall_a administration_n so_o that_o archangelus_n do_v but_o gather_v the_o conclusion_n out_o of_o galens_n praemise_n it_o behoove_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 10._o chapter_n that_o galen_n why_o two_o ventricle_n out_o of_o galen_n there_o shall_v be_v two_o of_o these_o ventricle_n because_o the_o brain_n and_o every_o organ_n of_o sense_n be_v double_a for_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a cause_n of_o all_o those_o double_a organ_n that_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v violate_v the_o other_o may_v serve_v the_o turn_n and_o this_o he_o proove_v by_o a_o instance_n of_o a_o young_a man_n of_o smyrna_n who_o be_v wound_v into_o one_o of_o these_o ventricle_n and_o yet_o cite_v a_o story_n by_o he_o cite_v escape_v but_o say_v he_o if_o both_o of_o they_o have_v be_v wound_v he_o can_v not_o have_v live_v a_o moment_n of_o time_n vesalius_n as_o he_o be_v a_o importunate_a adversary_n of_o galens_n the_o less_o his_o thank_n reprove_v he_o reason_n vesalius_n oppugn_v he_o not_o without_o some_o reason_n for_o this_o allege_v that_o though_o the_o brain_n be_v part_v into_o two_o yet_o it_o be_v again_o unite_a before_o the_o ventricle_n be_v form_v therein_o and_o to_o say_v truth_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o conceive_v how_o one_o ventricle_n shall_v be_v wound_v and_o the_o other_o not_o violate_v consider_v the_o thinness_n of_o the_o menbrane_n or_o partition_n that_o part_v they_o and_o beside_o the_o common_a cavity_n whereinto_o they_o both_o determine_v but_o experience_n often_o assure_v we_o of_o that_o which_o mere_a reason_n and_o discourse_n will_v not_o allow_v of_o or_o subscribe_v unto_o the_o use_n of_o these_o ventricle_n be_v according_a to_o galen_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n galen_n the_o use_n of_o these_o ventritricle_n galen_n chap._n 10._o and_o 11._o that_o of_o the_o air_n which_o we_o draw_v in_o convey_v into_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_v &_o of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n ascend_v from_o the_o hart_n by_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n the_o animal_n spirit_n prepare_v before_o in_o plexu_fw-la choroide_v might_n in_o those_o ventricle_n be_v perfect_v
but_o how_o perfect_v vesalius_n think_v by_o the_o particular_a substance_n and_o form_n of_o the_o brain_n archangelus_n laurentius_n archangelus_n laurentius_n think_v they_o have_v no_o such_o use_n or_o power_n as_o to_o make_v animal_n spirit_n laurentius_n say_v that_o they_o serve_v for_o the_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o receive_v smell_n and_o to_o prepare_v the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o to_o contain_v they_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o store-house_n yet_o not_o perfect_o accomplish_v but_o inchoat_v only_o archangelus_n subscribe_v unto_o this_o and_o use_n archangelus_n his_o other_o use_n add_v moreover_o that_o the_o air_n draw_v through_o the_o nose_n and_o spungy_a bone_n into_o the_o ventricle_n be_v labour_v and_o prepare_v for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o refection_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n as_o the_o air_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o refrigeration_n &_o recreation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n another_o use_n say_v he_o of_o they_o be_v but_o that_o only_a a_o secundary_a use_n to_o serve_v for_o way_n whereby_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n may_v be_v purge_v neither_o say_v he_o be_v there_o cause_n why_o we_o shall_v wonder_v that_o the_o same_o ventricle_n shall_v hold_v the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o serve_v also_o for_o the_o ablegation_n of_o excrement_n see_v we_o know_v that_o nature_n have_v ordain_v the_o nose_n first_o and_o primary_o to_o be_v a_o mean_n of_o smell_v and_o secondary_o to_o call_v out_o the_o phlegm_n out_o of_o the_o brain_n and_o avoid_v the_o same_o we_o say_v bauhine_n think_v they_o serve_v to_o gather_v the_o excrement_n which_o be_v separate_v bauhine_v bauhine_v in_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o phlegm_n for_o example_n there_o engender_v and_o by_o their_o common_a passage_n to_o send_v it_o into_o the_o tunnell_n call_v infundibulum_fw-la to_o be_v convey_v away_o by_o the_o throat_n archangelus_n in_o this_o place_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o passage_n which_o be_v say_v he_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n observe_v a_o passage_n to_o be_v observe_v under_o the_o mamillary_a process_n and_o have_v a_o double_a issue_n one_o direct_o into_o the_o ventricle_n we_o speak_v off_o the_o other_o into_o the_o pallate_n and_o so_o into_o the_o lung_n this_o passage_n be_v know_v but_o to_o a_o few_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v find_v but_o in_o a_o sound_a brain_n when_o the_o man_n come_v to_o a_o sudden_a and_o unlooked_a for_o end_n and_o be_v present_o dissect_v for_o the_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v about_o this_o passage_n do_v in_o a_o short_a time_n so_o fall_v and_o close_a together_o that_o the_o passage_n be_v clean_o obliterated_a hence_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 10._o chapter_n say_v that_o the_o air_n explayn_v galen_n explayn_v we_o breathe_v in_o by_o our_o nose_n pass_v unto_o the_o heart_n but_o a_o part_n of_o it_o get_v into_o the_o ventricle_n where_o it_o be_v prepare_v and_o make_v the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n columbus_n ascribe_v the_o find_v out_o of_o this_o passage_n to_o himself_o but_o archangelus_n tax_v he_o therefore_o and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o two_o first_o ventricle_n the_o three_o ventricle_n follow_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o concurrence_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o two_o former_a lengthen_v out_o somewhat_o backward_o for_o the_o two_o former_a ventricle_n in_o their_o ventricle_n the_o 3._o ventricle_n low_a part_n under_o the_o arch_n table_n 10._o fig._n 5._o stv_n figure_v 6._o aaa_o do_v meet_v together_o in_o one_o place_n &_o there_o determine_v be_v in_o their_o nether_a part_n like_o a_o narrow_a path_n which_o run_v out_o back_o ward_v a_o pretty_a length_n into_o the_o hindmost_a ventricle_n this_o be_v call_v by_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 12._o chapter_n the_o common_a cavity_n or_o common_a place_n of_o the_o foreward_n galen_n galen_n ventricle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 6._o under_o m_n i_o table_n 11._o fig._n 7._o and_o 8._o m_o by_o other_o who_o do_v deny_v the_o three_o ventricle_n it_o be_v call_v the_o perforation_n of_o the_o two_o former_a ventricle_n other_o call_v it_o the_o three_o ventricle_n or_o the_o middle_a ventricle_n because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o brain_n yea_o and_o in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o marrow_n betwixt_o the_o two_o forewarde_a ventricle_n and_o the_o four_o this_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n be_v like_o a_o long_a slit_n or_o cavity_n tab._n 11._o fig._n 7._o and_o 8._o â—_o but_o more_o backward_o galen_n the_o form_n of_o it_o after_o galen_n it_o become_v large_a and_o be_v discern_v part_n of_o it_o when_o the_o arch_n be_v draw_v a_o little_a backward_o part_n of_o it_o when_o the_o testicle_n and_o the_o buttock_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n it_o tend_v direct_o from_o the_o forward_a ventricle_n under_o the_o arch_n the_o testicle_n and_o the_o buttock_n table_n 12._o fig._n 10._o from_o i_o to_o k_n towards_o the_o four_o ventricle_n tab_n 12-fig_n 10._o â—_o show_v the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o this_o be_v galens_n delineation_n of_o his_o passage_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 11._o chapter_n whereunto_o vesalius_n platerus_n archangelus_n and_o laurentius_n do_v subscribe_v but_o columbus_n make_v it_o short_a and_z say_v it_o end_v at_o the_o backward_a passage_n near_o to_o the_o glandula_n pinealis_fw-la the_o figure_n of_o it_o say_v archangelus_n be_v uncertain_a because_o there_o be_v many_o eminency_n or_o inequality_n in_o it_o this_o three_o ventricle_n have_v two_o passage_n of_o both_o which_o galen_n make_v mention_n in_o his_o 9_o thereof_o the_o two_o passage_n thereof_o book_n of_o anatomicall_a administration_n and_o the_o four_o chapter_n the_o one_o he_o call_v the_o upper_a hole_n or_o the_o tunnell_n the_o other_o the_o great_a hole_n of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n we_o according_a to_o bauhine_v will_v describe_v they_o thus_o the_o one_o table_n 11._o fig._n 7._o and_o 8._o i_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ventricle_n and_o be_v first_o the_o first_o reasonable_a large_a it_o be_v cave_a in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o run_v direct_o downward_o towards_o the_o basin_n which_o receive_v the_o phlegm_n at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o by_o it_o the_o phlegm_n of_o the_o two_o forward_a ventricle_n do_v descend_v the_o other_o passage_n table_n 11._o fig_n 7._o and_o 8._o k_o which_o be_v the_o more_o backward_o laurentius_n add_v the_o large_a also_o be_v not_o round_o in_o his_o original_n although_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n second_o second_o which_o be_v round_o galen_n in_o the_o 9_o book_n of_o his_o anatomicall_a administration_n and_o the_o 5._o chapter_n think_v that_o it_o have_v a_o peculiar_a coat_n like_o that_o of_o the_o pia_fw-it mater_fw-la wherewith_o it_o be_v line_v it_o run_v under_o the_o buttock_n table_n 11_o fig._n 7._o mn_a fig._n 8._o nopq_fw-fr table_n 12._o fig._n 19_o defg_v and_o passage_n another_o passage_n the_o testicle_n into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n above_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n out_o of_o the_o low_a and_o forward_o angle_v of_o this_o passage_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v get_v under_o the_o testicle_n there_o issue_v another_o passage_n table_n 11._o fig_n 8._o near_a to_o k_n far_a narrow_a than_o the_o former_a which_o pass_v sly_o forward_o through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n sink_v downward_o and_o determine_v in_o the_o end_n table_n 11._o fig._n 8._o i_o of_o the_o first_o passage_n out_o of_o both_o which_o arise_v a_o orifice_n table_n 15._o figure_n 20._o d_o which_o end_v in_o the_o basin_n and_o lead_v the_o phlegm_n out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n this_o vesalius_n tax_v galen_n for_o pretermit_v in_o the_o place_n next_o above_o name_v galen_n vesalius_n tax_v galen_n now_o whereas_o at_o the_o second_o passage_n there_o appear_v a_o certain_a slitte_v or_o cleave_v columbus_n will_v needs_o liken_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o lap_n or_o privity_n of_o a_o woman_n the_o use_n of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n be_v to_o be_v a_o receptacle_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o also_o be_v by_o ventricle_n the_o use_n of_o the_o 3._o ventricle_n nature_n so_o quaint_o form_v for_o archangelus_n refer_v all_o those_o resemblance_n of_o the_o arch_n the_o buttock_n the_o testicle_n the_o fundament_n the_o woman_n lap_n and_o the_o yard_n unto_o the_o three_o ventricle_n that_o it_o drive_v they_o into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n above_o this_o three_o ventricle_n lie_v the_o fornix_n or_o arch_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o in_o form_n and_o use_v it_o resemble_v a_o cross_a
or_o apprehend_v colour_n only_o as_o the_o eye_n savour_v only_o as_o the_o tongue_n &c_n &c_n but_o it_o be_v a_o common_a instrument_n of_o sensation_n discern_v colour_n savour_n smell_n sound_n and_o tactile_a quality_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o sensible_a object_n wherefore_o the_o brain_n feel_v universal_o whatsoever_o be_v offer_v unto_o it_o not_o with_o choice_n as_o the_o eye_n which_o receive_v not_o the_o sound_n but_o only_o his_o own_o object_n and_o so_o in_o the_o rest_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o the_o natural_a sense_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v none_o at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o so_o weak_a and_o dull_a as_o it_o be_v hardly_o perceive_v for_o in_o his_o substance_n there_o be_v rather_o a_o faculty_n of_o touch_v then_o a_o instrument_n of_o touch._n fernelius_n think_v that_o all_o motion_n be_v from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o all_o sense_n from_o this_o fernelius_n his_o philosophy_n about_o this_o his_o membrane_n because_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v perpetual_o move_v but_o have_v no_o feel_n at_o all_o on_o the_o other_o side_n his_o membrane_n be_v of_o themselves_o immovable_a especial_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la but_o feel_v very_o exact_o so_o in_o the_o lethargy_n or_o frenzy_n which_o be_v disease_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v no_o pain_n at_o all_o but_o if_o a_o sharp_a vapour_n or_o humour_n be_v raise_v up_o unto_o the_o meninge_n then_o grievous_a pain_n follow_v moreover_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o all_o the_o nerve_n have_v their_o marrow_n from_o the_o brain_n &_o that_o cover_v with_o the_o meninge_n all_o which_o have_v the_o same_o and_o no_o other_o power_n or_o faculty_n then_o what_o they_o receive_v from_o their_o original_n wherefore_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o sense_n the_o hinder_a part_n of_o motion_n but_o of_o touch_v the_o meninge_n or_o membrane_n be_v the_o original_n those_o nerve_n which_o be_v full_a of_o marrow_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o motion_n of_o touch_v those_o who_o great_a part_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o meninge_n and_o this_o be_v fernelius_n his_o philosophy_n concern_v this_o point_n but_o how_o consonant_n to_o reason_n we_o shall_v see_v afterward_o concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n great_a difference_n there_o be_v among_o author_n galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o second_o chapter_n say_v it_o have_v perpetual_a motion_n brain_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n vesalius_n deny_v it_o answer_v his_o argument_n &_o add_v that_o he_o can_v never_o perceive_v any_o such_o galen_n vesalius_n against_o galen_n motion_n either_o in_o great_a wound_n of_o the_o head_n or_o which_o be_v more_o in_o his_o dissection_n of_o live_a creature_n fallopius_n halt_v in_o this_o point_n he_o say_v it_o but_o he_o dare_v not_o avouch_v it_o platerus_n think_v that_o those_o that_o say_v it_o move_v mistake_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o three_o sinus_n which_o beat_v like_o a_o artery_n columbus_n archangelus_n and_o laurentius_n do_v all_o consent_n that_o it_o move_v continual_o and_o instance_n in_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n laurentius_n laurentius_n laurentius_n be_v so_o confident_a that_o he_o say_v he_o be_v a_o mad_a man_n and_o want_n his_o sense_n that_o will_v deny_v it_o to_o resolve_v upon_o somewhat_o among_o so_o many_o opinion_n we_o think_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o move_v by_o any_o animal_n or_o voluntary_a motion_n but_o by_o a_o natural_a and_o that_o double_a one_o proper_a of_o his_o own_o another_o from_o the_o artery_n albeit_o this_o last_o archangelus_n do_v deny_v because_o those_o of_o what_o we_o resolve_v of_o artery_n that_o run_v above_o be_v too_o small_a but_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brain_n much_o less_o yet_o it_o give_v the_o power_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n to_o other_o part_n this_o motion_n be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o generation_n nourishment_n and_o expurgation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n for_o it_o be_v dilate_v and_o again_o constringed_a as_o may_v be_v see_v motion_n the_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n in_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n where_o a_o notable_a part_n of_o the_o scull_n be_v take_v away_o as_o also_o of_o the_o membrane_n say_v bauhine_v and_o in_o child_n new_a bear_v in_o the_o mould_n the_o brain_n be_v so_o manifest_o discern_v how_o the_o motion_n be_v discern_v see_v to_o beat_v and_o pant_v that_o even_o the_o bone_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v very_o soft_a be_v move_v therewith_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v it_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la some_o say_v out_o of_o the_o wonderful_a net_n or_o web_n of_o the_o soporarte_n artery_n vital_a spirit_n and_o air_n by_o the_o nostril_n for_o the_o restauration_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n &_o when_o it_o contract_v itself_o it_o drive_v out_o the_o animal_n spirit_n labour_v in_o his_o substance_n through_o the_o nerve_n as_o through_o spirit_n the_o animal_n spirit_n pipe_n and_o canal_n into_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n or_o as_o archangelus_n have_v it_o out_o of_o the_o foreward_n ventricle_n be_v contract_v into_o the_o three_o and_o four_o and_o so_o into_o the_o organ_n aforesaid_a which_o spirit_n when_o they_o arrive_v in_o the_o particular_a part_n they_o nourish_v the_o animal_n spirit_n breed_v and_o fix_v in_o those_o part_n for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n flow_v through_o the_o nerve_n into_o all_o the_o part_n not_o only_o to_o be_v the_o convayer_n of_o the_o sensative_a and_o move_a soul_n but_o also_o to_o give_v nourishment_n to_o the_o animal_n spirit_n fix_v in_o the_o part_n and_o this_o spirit_n be_v the_o medium_n or_o mean_a by_o which_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o all_o his_o faculty_n which_o be_v incorporeal_a be_v join_v with_o the_o body_n the_o outward_a part_n because_o their_o instrument_n be_v far_o off_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o nerve_n as_o it_o be_v channel_n through_o which_o the_o animal_n spirit_n accompany_v by_o the_o vital_a as_o it_o be_v by_o guide_n may_v be_v convey_v but_o the_o inward_a part_n because_o their_o instrument_n be_v near_o and_o at_o hand_n need_v no_o nerve_n but_o receive_v the_o same_o by_o blind_a and_o invisible_a byway_n yet_o guide_v by_o the_o same_o vital_a spirit_n we_o have_v also_o say_v that_o at_o the_o entrance_n into_o and_o at_o the_o out-gate_n from_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v archangelus_n a_o witty_a conceit_n of_o archangelus_n certain_a value_v or_o floodgate_n set_v and_o their_o use_n we_o have_v allot_v now_o archangelus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o buttock_n and_o pine-glandule_a of_o the_o brain_n do_v here_o the_o same_o office_n that_o the_o value_n do_v in_o the_o heart_n for_o say_v he_o in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o way_n out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n into_o the_o four_o close_v itself_o and_o beside_o be_v shut_v up_o by_o the_o glandule_n fall_v between_o the_o buttock_n that_o no_o part_n of_o the_o spirit_n can_v return_v out_o of_o the_o four_o ventricle_n into_o the_o three_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o contraction_n the_o glandule_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o the_o buttock_n be_v divide_v and_o so_o away_o be_v make_v for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n to_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n into_o the_o four_o concern_v the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n especial_o spirit_n diverse_a opinion_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n seven_o one_o of_o galen_n another_o of_o vesalius_n a_o three_o of_o columbus_n a_o four_o of_o argenterius_n a_o five_o of_o archangelus_n a_o sixth_o of_o laurentius_n and_o a_o seave_v of_o varolius_n to_o which_o bauhine_n our_o author_n subscribe_v galens_n opinion_n be_v that_o they_o be_v make_v of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n bring_v by_o the_o soporarie_a artery_n galens_n galens_n and_o of_o air_n breathe_v in_o marry_o as_o for_o the_o place_n of_o their_o generation_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v altogether_o uncertain_a for_o sometime_o he_o assign_v the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v sometime_o the_o ventricle_n sometime_o the_o substance_n and_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n vesalius_n say_v they_o be_v labour_v in_o the_o right_n and_o left_a ventricle_n by_o a_o power_n and_o efficacy_n vesalius_n vesalius_n receive_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o have_v for_o their_o matter_n vital_a spirit_n from_o the_o heart_n &_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o inspiration_n ascend_v through_o the_o three_o ventricle_n columbus_n say_v they_o be_v make_v of_o air_n draw_v by_o the_o nostril_n and_o alter_v in_o the_o cavity_n columbus_n columbus_n of_o the_o forehead_n bone_n and_o the_o wedgebone_n and_o carry_v through_o
the_o pore_n of_o the_o spungy_a bone_n to_o the_o forward_a ventricle_n where_o it_o meet_v with_o the_o vital_a spirit_n send_v upward_o from_o the_o hart_n by_o the_o soporarie_a artery_n &_o pour_v into_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v which_o be_v in_o the_o ventricle_n both_o which_o spirit_n and_o air_n say_v he_o by_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o this_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v be_v exact_o mingle_v and_o of_o they_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v in_o that_o plexus_fw-la choroide_n which_o be_v in_o the_o ventricle_n and_o this_o he_o say_v be_v his_o own_o invention_n argenterius_n will_v have_v but_o one_o influent_a or_o moovable_a spirit_n beside_o the_o fix_a spirit_n of_o argenterius_fw-la argenterius_fw-la the_o particular_a part_n who_o argument_n shall_v be_v sufficient_o answer_v in_o our_o controversy_n by_o laurentius_n archangelus_n opinion_n be_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v make_v of_o the_o vital_a change_v by_o many_o archangelus_n archangelus_n exagitation_n and_o alteration_n by_o the_o artery_n which_o make_v the_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la and_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v but_o receive_v his_o uttermost_a perfection_n in_o and_o by_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n &_o so_o become_v a_o convenient_a vehicle_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n the_o process_n of_o which_o generation_n he_o say_v be_v after_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v a_o inchoation_n or_o beginning_n make_v in_o the_o retemirabile_fw-la but_o the_o plenary_a perfection_n be_v in_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v yet_o that_o from_o a_o power_n or_o faculty_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o which_o alone_o such_o power_n reside_v be_v so_o perfect_v they_o be_v pour_v out_o into_o the_o ventricle_n which_o add_v nothing_o to_o their_o generation_n as_o into_o storehouse_n or_o place_n of_o receipt_n where_o they_o be_v keep_v to_o be_v transport_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n laurentius_n thus_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o the_o air_n breathe_v laurentius_n laurentius_n in_o who_o preparation_n be_v in_o the_o labyrinthian_a web_n of_o the_o small_a artery_n &_o in_o the_o upper_a or_o forward_a ventricle_n but_o they_o receive_v a_o far_a elaboration_n in_o the_o three_o ventricle_n and_o their_o perfection_n in_o the_o four_o and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o nerve_n be_v diffuse_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n but_o he_o reprehend_v those_o that_o avouch_v that_o this_o spirit_n receive_v his_o form_n and_o specifical_a difference_n in_o the_o web_n before_o name_v final_o varolius_n and_o with_o he_o bauhine_v and_o we_o with_o they_o will_v resolve_v first_o for_o their_o matter_n that_o it_o be_v arterial_a blood_n abundant_o fulfil_v with_o vital_a spirit_n and_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o the_o of_o varolius_fw-la what_o we_o resolve_v of_o nostril_n for_o the_o manner_n we_o say_v it_o be_v thus_o the_o spirituous_a and_o thin_a blood_n be_v send_v up_o from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o soporarie_a artery_n unto_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v pour_v out_o into_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la while_o they_o be_v dilate_v as_o be_v venal_a blood_n out_o of_o the_o vein_n with_o this_o be_v mingle_v air_n draw_v by_o inspiration_n through_o the_o nostril_n and_o arrive_v into_o the_o brain_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o spungy_a bone_n these_o substance_n thus_o mingle_v and_o mix_v in_o the_o vessel_n bauhine_v bauhine_v while_o they_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o convolution_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v alter_v and_o prepare_v purge_v also_o from_o phlegmatic_a excrement_n which_o whilst_o it_o nourish_v the_o brain_n the_o more_o subtle_a part_n be_v transfuse_v into_o his_o substance_n and_o there_o that_o be_v in_o the_o marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n it_o be_v labour_v into_o a_o most_o subtle_a animal_n spirit_n and_o so_o be_v from_o thence_o by_o the_o same_o passage_n return_v and_o communicate_v to_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o to_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n neither_o say_v varolius_n be_v it_o necessary_a that_o these_o spirit_n shall_v have_v any_o cavity_n to_o be_v labour_v in_o and_o he_o show_v it_o by_o a_o example_n when_o we_o shut_v one_o eye_n the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o a_o moment_n return_v unto_o the_o other_o so_o that_o it_o dilate_v the_o ball_n or_o pupil_n of_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o be_v there_o no_o manifest_a passage_n between_o they_o save_v those_o insensible_a poâ—â—s_n which_o be_v in_o every_o nerve_n and_o also_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o hereunto_o subscribe_v also_o platerus_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o common_a opinion_n say_v he_o be_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v and_o contain_v in_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v which_o i_o can_v approve_v as_o well_o because_o platerus_n platerus_n these_o vessel_n be_v so_o very_o small_a as_o also_o because_o so_o many_o excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n fall_v through_o the_o ventricle_n i_o think_v therefore_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o that_o the_o brain_n be_v never_o without_o animal_n spirit_n neither_o can_v the_o animal_n spirit_n subsist_v in_o any_o part_n without_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o what_o else_o be_v the_o inward_a substance_n of_o every_o nerve_n but_o a_o kind_n of_o production_n of_o the_o brain_n compass_v about_o with_o a_o production_n also_o of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o same_o and_o thus_o much_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o after-braine_n or_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la chap._n xiiii_o of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o after-braine_n that_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o brain_n &_o after-braine_n we_o have_v already_o show_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o division_n varollius_n take_v to_o be_v this_o whereas_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o sense_n there_o be_v two_o chief_a differ_v much_o the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o yet_o both_o of_o they_o so_o immediate_o serviceable_a to_o the_o understanding_n that_o they_o can_v be_v substitute_v one_o for_o the_o other_o whereof_o one_o belong_v to_o the_o sight_n the_o other_o to_o the_o hear_v and_o because_o there_o brain_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v require_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o sight_n the_o mediation_n of_o a_o moist_a and_o waterish_a body_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o eye_n therefore_o for_o their_o behoof_n especial_o and_o of_o the_o visible_a species_n which_o they_o admit_v that_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v make_v which_o be_v the_o soft_a and_o so_o great_a that_o it_o fill_v almost_o the_o whole_a scull_n and_o this_o be_v call_v proper_o cerebrum_fw-la or_o the_o brain_n but_o because_o those_o species_n which_o be_v apprehend_v by_o sound_n or_o resound_v do_v require_v a_o kind_n of_o dryness_n in_o their_o organ_n as_o hypocrates_n excellent_o acknowledge_v for_o where_o there_o be_v only_a moisture_n there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o resonance_n at_o all_o therefore_o under_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o backepart_n of_o the_o head_n there_o be_v ordain_v and_o situate_v a_o lesser_a and_o fast_a portion_n which_o they_o call_v cerebellum_fw-la we_o the_o after-braine_n which_o as_o it_o be_v true_o hard_a than_o the_o brain_n itself_o so_o be_v it_o consequent_o dry_a and_o this_o be_v galens_n opinion_n in_o the_o 6._o chapter_n of_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la where_o galen_n galen_n he_o say_v that_o therefore_o it_o be_v hard_a than_o the_o brain_n because_o it_o produce_v hard_a nerve_n albeit_o vesalius_n columbus_n and_o archangelus_n will_v not_o admit_v any_o difference_n in_o their_o substance_n vesalius_n vesalius_n wherefore_o the_o brain_n itself_o be_v especial_o make_v for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o eye_n &_o their_o object_n the_o after-braine_n for_o the_o use_n of_o resound_a species_n or_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v to_o be_v aristotle_n why_o the_o brain_n be_v above_o the_o after_o brain_n the_o after-braine_n aristotle_n represent_v to_o the_o hear_n and_o because_o the_o sight_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o the_o hear_n minister_a unto_o we_o more_o difference_n of_o thing_n therefore_o it_o be_v seat_v above_o the_o brain_n the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o after-braine_n call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o by_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v after_o the_o brain_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o private_a and_o small_a brain_n situate_v in_o the_o back_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o scull_n under_o the_o brain_n tab._n 11._o fig._n 8._o r_o r_n from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v it_o be_v also_o cover_v with_o both_o the_o meninge_n or_o membrane_n and_o be_v unite_v
the_o palsy_n in_o the_o sound_n part_v not_o in_o the_o affect_a reason_n another_o reason_n because_o nature_n use_v to_o avoid_v the_o excrementitious_a humour_n by_o the_o wound_n as_o sometime_o by_o a_o flux_n of_o blood_n sometime_o by_o quitture_v sometime_o by_o medicine_n which_o draw_v away_o and_o exhaust_v the_o humour_n either_o sensible_o or_o insensible_o so_o that_o the_o affect_a part_n be_v well_o purge_v by_o some_o or_o more_o of_o these_o mean_n but_o the_o opposite_a part_n which_o be_v not_o expurged_a be_v easy_o affect_v either_o by_o sympathy_n or_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v transmit_v or_o fall_v upon_o it_o some_o think_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o spirit_n do_v flow_v to_o the_o part_n wherein_o the_o tumour_n or_o inflammation_n another_o another_o be_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o opposite_a part_n be_v defraud_v of_o they_o be_v resolve_v qvest._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n what_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n and_o the_o place_n thereof_o we_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v by_o strong_a argument_n that_o to_o motion_n &_o sense_n be_v requite_v not_o only_o a_o influence_n of_o a_o faculty_n but_o also_o of_o a_o corporeal_a spirit_n now_o what_o name_n we_o shall_v give_v this_o spirit_n what_o his_o nature_n be_v what_o be_v the_o manner_n and_o place_n of_o his_o generation_n we_o will_v brief_o declare_v galen_n call_v this_o spirit_n every_o where_fw-mi animalem_fw-la the_o animal_n spirit_n because_o galen_n what_o be_v the_o animal_n spirit_n galen_n the_o soul_n use_v it_o as_o her_o immediate_a organ_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n function_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o those_o which_o we_o common_o call_v principal_a this_o spirit_n in_o the_o 17._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr vsu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o desine_v to_o be_v a_o exhalation_n of_o pure_a blood_n some_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o live_a brain_n yea_o both_o a_o similar_v and_o a_o organical_a part_n similar_v as_o it_o have_v a_o certain_a and_o design_a temper_n organical_a as_o it_o be_v thin_a lucid_a subtle_a pure_a and_o moovable_a this_o spirit_n some_o have_v think_v do_v not_o differ_v in_o kind_n and_o nature_n from_o the_o vital_a but_o only_o in_o accident_n as_o in_o temperament_n place_n the_o original_a à _fw-fr quo_fw-la and_o the_o manner_n of_o diffusion_n for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v moist_a and_o more_o temperate_a the_o vital_a hot_a the_o animal_n come_v from_o the_o brain_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n the_o animal_n be_v disperse_v through_o the_o nerve_n for_o motion_n and_o sense_n the_o vital_a through_o the_o artery_n to_o maintain_v the_o life_n we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o these_o two_o spirit_n be_v of_o a_o diverse_a form_n and_o kind_a as_o chylification_n be_v diverse_a from_o sanguification_n for_o the_o organ_n be_v diverse_a the_o faculty_n diverse_a diverse_a kind_n the_o vital_a and_o animal_n spirit_n differ_v in_o form_n &_o kind_n be_v the_o manner_n of_o generation_n and_o as_o the_o aliment_n by_o a_o new_a concoction_n receive_v a_o new_a form_n and_o so_o a_o new_a denomination_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o spirit_n galen_n in_o a_o thousand_o place_n distinguish_v this_o animal_n from_o the_o vital_a spirit_n whatsoever_o some_o new_a writer_n say_v to_o the_o contrary_n in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o 12._o book_n of_o his_o method_n the_o animal_n spirit_n say_v he_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n as_o out_o of_o his_o fountain_n the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v not_o evident_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o natural_a spirit_n that_o be_v include_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o vein_n in_o the_o 7._o chap_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affect_n be_v gal._n say_v galen_n diverse_a place_n in_o galen_n the_o epilepsy_n happen_v in_o the_o brain_n when_o the_o humour_n hinder_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o ventricle_n thereof_o that_o it_o can_v have_v issue_n out_o in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la the_o complication_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v nourish_v the_o animal_n spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o brain_n which_o differ_v much_o in_o nature_n from_o other_o spirit_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n the_o spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n be_v indeed_o vital_a and_o so_o be_v also_o call_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o brain_n be_v animal_n not_o that_o it_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o because_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n first_fw-mi and_o most_o immediate_a instrument_n the_o same_o also_o he_o write_v in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o the_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n and_o in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr utilitate_fw-la respirationis_fw-la by_o all_o which_o place_n we_o may_v gather_v that_o galen_n make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o vital_a and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o true_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a spirit_n the_o necessity_n &_o use_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n first_o to_o convey_v unto_o the_o part_n the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n which_o be_v not_o fix_v in_o they_o and_o again_o that_o we_o may_v be_v more_o apprehensive_a of_o outward_a accident_n for_o see_v that_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n ought_v to_o be_v affect_v on_o the_o sudden_a by_o sensible_a thing_n it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v altogether_o solid_a but_o hove_v and_o fulfil_v with_o spirit_n that_o they_o may_v the_o soon_o be_v alter_v moreover_o these_o spirit_n do_v transfer_v the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o all_o outward_a thing_n perceive_v by_o the_o outward_a sense_n unto_o the_o brain_n as_o unto_o a_o censor_n or_o judge_n the_o same_o spirit_n do_v conceive_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o image_n of_o those_o outward_a thing_n so_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v call_v the_o place_n and_o promptuarie_n of_o the_o species_n or_o form_n so_o in_o the_o vertigo_n or_o giddiness_n neither_o the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o the_o image_n of_o it_o nor_o any_o thing_n beside_o vertigo_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o vertigo_n the_o spirit_n be_v roll_v about_o and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o he_o that_o be_v so_o affect_v to_o run_v round_o wherefore_o this_o spirit_n be_v necessary_a both_o for_o motion_n and_o sense_n as_o for_o the_o principal_a faculty_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o their_o function_n the_o brain_n use_v the_o ministry_n and_o help_n of_o this_o spirit_n so_o that_o it_o work_v both_o within_o the_o brain_n and_o without_o the_o brain_n within_o the_o brain_n it_o help_v the_o principal_a faculty_n without_o the_o brain_n it_o confert_v motion_n and_o sense_n now_o it_o be_v not_o only_a abide_n in_o the_o ventricle_n but_o also_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o in_o the_o whole_a marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o that_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o substance_n it_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o principal_a faculty_n in_o the_o ventricle_n it_o serve_v more_o immediate_o for_o sense_n and_o motion_n furthermore_o this_o spirit_n which_o be_v the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o manifold_a how_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v manifold_a principal_a faculty_n be_v indeed_o of_o one_o kind_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v esteem_v manifold_a according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o object_n and_o instrument_n where_o about_o it_o be_v employ_v which_o thing_n artsntotle_n elegant_o have_v teach_v we_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la the_o spirit_n say_v he_o in_o natural_a thing_n be_v like_o the_o hammer_n in_o the_o art_n of_o the_o smith_n that_o be_v to_o say_v but_o one_o instrument_n yet_o profitable_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o many_o office_n actuarius_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o though_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o kind_n yet_o they_o become_v unlike_a when_o they_o light_v upon_o different_a colour_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o shall_v manifest_v unto_o you_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n spirit_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v double_a air_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o the_o nostril_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v convey_v through_o the_o artery_n call_v carotide_n and_o ceruicale_n into_o the_o
basis_n of_o the_o brain_n with_o this_o air_n the_o spirit_n be_v nourish_v and_o therefore_o galen_n acknowledge_v a_o double_a use_n of_o respiration_n to_o wit_n the_o conservation_n of_o natural_a heat_n and_o the_o nutrition_n or_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n now_o if_o the_o passage_n of_o these_o two_o matter_n to_o the_o brain_n be_v intercept_v then_o will_v there_o be_v no_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n if_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n be_v bind_v a_o apoplexy_n ensue_v if_o respiration_n be_v prohibit_v the_o creature_n die_v instant_o and_o be_v deprive_v of_o sense_n and_o motion_n galen_n concern_v this_o point_n seem_v to_o differ_v from_o himself_o but_o we_o will_v reconcile_v those_o different_a place_n well_o enough_o in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la respirationis_fw-la he_o say_v that_o in_o a_o live_a creature_n he_o tie_v the_o sleepy_a artery_n and_o yet_o the_o creature_n perish_v not_o therefore_o it_o follow_v his_o animal_n spirit_n be_v nourish_v only_o with_o air_n not_o with_o the_o vital_a spirit_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o write_v reconcile_v certain_a place_n of_o galen_n concern_v the_o animal_n spirit_n reconcile_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v cherish_v and_o sustain_v with_o the_o vital_a convey_v by_o the_o artery_n and_o make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o air_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v for_o a_o little_a time_n sustain_v if_o it_o be_v deprive_v of_o either_o of_o his_o aliment_n for_o there_o be_v store_v up_o a_o supply_n against_o time_n of_o need_n in_o those_o two_o complication_n or_o texture_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v &_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la but_o long_o that_o supply_n will_v not_o maintain_v they_o the_o preparation_n of_o this_o spirit_n be_v make_v in_o those_o labyrinth_n of_o the_o small_a artery_n their_o prepare_v where_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v prepare_v coction_n or_o elaboration_n as_o some_o think_v in_o the_o ventricle_n and_o final_o their_o distribution_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o into_o the_o sinew_n they_o therefore_o be_v in_o a_o error_n who_o do_v conceive_v that_o this_o spirit_n attain_v his_o proper_a form_n and_o specifical_a difference_n in_o those_o texture_n for_o all_o the_o complication_n of_o vessel_n as_o well_o in_o the_o brain_n as_o in_o the_o testicle_n and_o other_o part_n be_v ordain_v only_o for_o preparation_n but_o the_o form_n and_o difference_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n both_o to_o the_o aliment_n and_o to_o the_o spirit_n wherefore_o we_o conclude_v that_o in_o those_o complication_n the_o spirit_n be_v prepare_v that_o in_o the_o ventricle_n they_o be_v boil_a and_o labour_v but_o receive_v their_o uttermost_a perfection_n in_o the_o perfect_v where_o labour_v and_o perfect_v substance_n of_o the_o brain_n qvest._n viii_o argenterius_n his_o opinion_n concern_v the_o animal_n spirit_n confute_v argenterius_fw-la a_o acute_a scholar_n indeed_o but_o who_o pen_n especial_o against_o galem_fw-la yield_v too_o much_o gall_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr somno_fw-la et_fw-la vigilia_fw-la and_o in_o his_o commentary_n in_o artem_fw-la medicinalem_fw-la avouch_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o spirit_n &_o that_o vital_a neither_o will_v he_o be_v bring_v to_o admit_v any_o animal_n spirit_n at_o all_o and_o first_o as_o his_o custom_n be_v he_o inveigh_v bitter_o against_o his_o master_n galen_n accuse_v he_o sometime_o of_o levity_n and_o inconstancy_n sometime_o of_o ignorance_n of_o inconstancy_n inconstancy_n argenterius_n accuse_v galen_n of_o inconstancy_n in_o his_o assignation_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o place_n of_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o the_o matter_n because_o sometime_o he_o write_v that_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v in_o sometime_o of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n sometime_o of_o blood_n in_o the_o place_n of_o generation_n because_o he_o assign_v it_o sometime_o to_o be_v generate_v in_o the_o texture_n or_o complication_n of_o the_o brain_n sometime_o in_o the_o forward_a ventricle_n sometime_o in_o the_o backward_a sometime_o that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o body_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o argenterius_n wit_n be_v to_o nimble_a to_o fasten_v upon_o the_o depth_n of_o galens_n judgement_n which_o if_o he_o have_v well_o attend_v he_o shall_v not_o have_v find_v repugnancy_n in_o he_o for_o the_o most_o remote_a meaning_n he_o understand_v not_o galens_n meaning_n matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v blood_n the_o near_a matter_n be_v vital_a spirit_n the_o near_a of_o all_o be_v air_n inspire_v or_o breathe_v through_o the_o mammillary_a process_n &_o convaigh_v not_o into_o the_o texture_n but_o into_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n and_o as_o the_o matter_n so_o also_o the_o place_n of_o their_o generation_n be_v manifold_a for_o they_o be_v prepare_v in_o the_o texture_n &_o upper_a ventricle_n boil_a in_o the_o three_o and_o perfect_v in_o the_o four_o or_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n final_o they_o be_v diffuse_v into_o the_o nerve_n and_o from_o they_o convey_v into_o the_o body_n he_o accuse_v galen_n of_o ignorance_n because_o from_o the_o net-like_a texture_n he_o gather_v that_o there_o be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n because_o say_v argenterius_n neither_o be_v that_o texture_n conspicuous_a in_o a_o ignorance_n galen_n accuse_v of_o ignorance_n man_n neither_o be_v there_o always_o require_v a_o complication_n of_o vessel_n where_o there_o be_v any_o spirit_n generate_v for_o in_o the_o heart_n where_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v abundant_o generate_v there_o be_v no_o such_o admirable_a web_n of_o vessel_n but_o argenterius_n be_v so_o heady_o transport_v with_o a_o desire_n of_o contradiction_n that_o he_o do_v not_o observe_v the_o tenor_n of_o galens_n argument_n for_o he_o never_o conclude_v that_o therefore_o there_o defend_v but_o defend_v be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n because_o in_o the_o brain_n the_o vessel_n be_v entangle_v and_o interbrayd_v one_o with_o another_o but_o he_o say_v that_o this_o spirit_n be_v irrigate_v or_o water_v &_o nourish_v by_o that_o which_o that_o net-like_a web_n suppli_v unto_o it_o as_o we_o have_v read_v in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o 12_o book_n of_o his_o method_n and_o in_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hip._n et_fw-fr plat._n and_o the_o three_o chapter_n but_o let_v we_o yield_v that_o galen_n mean_v as_o argenterius_n understand_v he_o shall_v we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v write_v absurd_o nature_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o create_v any_o such_o texture_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o a_o new_a elaboration_n but_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o appear_v a_o notable_a texture_n which_o we_o call_v choroide_v therefore_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v a_o preparation_n of_o a_o new_a spirit_n argenterius_n will_v object_v that_o in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v generate_v and_o objection_n objection_n yet_o in_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v no_o complication_n of_o vessel_n we_o answer_v that_o such_o laberynth_n be_v not_o necessary_a in_o the_o heart_n because_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o animal_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o great_a answer_n answer_n proportion_n of_o they_o require_v then_o can_v be_v confect_v in_o so_o narrow_a vessel_n for_o the_o animal_n function_n be_v not_o perpctuall_a and_o beside_o when_o a_o man_n sleep_v they_o be_v also_o at_o rest_n but_o the_o vital_a the_o sound_a we_o sleep_v the_o strong_a they_o be_v furthermore_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o creature_n have_v not_o sense_n as_o bone_n gristle_n and_o ligament_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o do_v live_v wherefore_o because_o there_o be_v a_o great_a exhaustion_n of_o vital_a spirit_n there_o restauration_n must_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v sudden_a and_o plentiful_a add_v hereto_o that_o the_o vital_a spirit_n do_v not_o only_o serve_v for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o vital_a function_n but_o also_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o their_o generation_n shall_v be_v in_o great_a abundance_n which_o can_v be_v accomplish_v in_o small_a artery_n and_o narrow_a caulty_n final_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n do_v sudden_o boil_v &_o generate_v spirit_n albeit_o there_o be_v not_o so_o precise_a a_o contaction_n in_o all_o the_o part_n which_o thing_n the_o brain_n be_v far_o cold_a can_v perform_v and_o therefore_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v great_a use_n and_o necessity_n of_o complication_n of_o vessel_n and_o not_o in_o the_o hart_n argenterius_n proceed_v to_o goad_n galen_n farthet_n why_o be_v
according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n reason_n 1._o without_o that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o artery_n neither_o do_v his_o ventricle_n breathe_v in_o aer_fw-la as_o galen_n will_v have_v it_o neither_o be_v they_o distend_v and_o contract_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v first_o it_o do_v no_o more_o become_v a_o principle_n of_o motion_n to_o be_v move_v than_o it_o become_v a_o principle_n of_o sense_n itself_o to_o have_v sense_n because_o as_o aristotle_n say_v every_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d must_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v every_o instrument_n of_o sense_n must_v be_v destitute_a or_o void_a of_o all_o the_o object_n of_o that_o sense_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n now_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n have_v not_o sense_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v no_o motion_n furthermore_o if_o the_o brain_n do_v breath_n by_o a_o proper_a power_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o because_o the_o substance_n thereof_o be_v soft_a and_o the_o membrane_n that_o compass_v the_o ventricle_n very_o fine_a &_o thin_a it_o follow_v i_o say_v that_o that_o membrane_n must_v in_o the_o dilatation_n &_o contraction_n be_v violent_o tear_v asunder_o three_o the_o three_o and_o four_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n common_o so_o call_v be_v of_o the_o same_o substance_n and_o temper_n that_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n be_v of_o for_o the_o use_n of_o they_o all_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o latter_a ventricle_n do_v not_o respire_v and_o therefore_o neither_o shall_v the_o former_a be_v dilate_v or_o contract_v they_o urge_v further_o and_o think_v that_o this_o weapon_n have_v a_o further_a edge_n in_o grievous_a wound_n of_o the_o head_n when_o the_o brain_n be_v uncover_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n do_v not_o appear_v to_o differ_v at_o all_o but_o as_o one_o pulse_n be_v answerable_a to_o another_o so_o likewise_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n do_v accord_n now_o if_o the_o brain_n do_v beat_v by_o a_o inbred_a power_n then_o must_v it_o needs_o be_v that_o some_o time_n the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n shall_v not_o beat_v alike_o and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n final_o there_o be_v no_o attraction_n no_o expulsion_n without_o the_o help_n of_o fibre_n so_o the_o heart_n have_v his_o fibre_n as_o also_o the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n the_o vein_n and_o the_o artery_n but_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o appear_v no_o fibre_n at_o all_o ergo_fw-la the_o motion_n of_o the_o diastole_n and_o systole_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a unto_o his_o substance_n very_o these_o reason_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o time_n have_v be_v say_v lauren_n when_o i_o be_v convince_v by_o they_o &_o constrain_v to_o subscribe_v unto_o this_o opinion_n but_o look_v over_o with_o a_o little_a more_o diligence_n the_o work_n of_o galen_n and_o consider_v some_o passage_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la de_fw-la usupartium_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hippoc._n &_o platonis_fw-la with_o better_a deliberation_n at_o length_n i_o alter_v my_o mind_n and_o be_o now_o resolve_v that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v respire_v by_o a_o proper_a faculty_n and_o inbred_a motion_n let_v we_o here_o galen_n dispute_v in_o express_a word_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la nature_n say_v he_o have_v not_o deny_v motion_n to_o the_o brain_n whereby_o it_o may_v draw_v air_n for_o force_n that_o the_o brain_n do_v respire_v by_o it_o own_o force_n his_o refrigeration_n and_o return_v the_o same_o back_n again_o for_o the_o expurgation_n of_o superfluitye_n again_o in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n it_o be_v not_o impossible_a that_o the_o brain_n shall_v yield_v unto_o itself_o a_o kind_n of_o motion_n though_o it_o be_v but_o small_a sometime_o into_o itself_o sometime_o out_o of_o itself_o galne_v the_o 〈…〉_o 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and_o not_o of_o the_o marrowy_a substance_n than_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v move_v because_o the_o artery_n 5._o reason_n 5._o be_v only_o move_v for_o so_o we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n and_o the_o spleen_n be_v move_v because_o the_o artery_n do_v beat_v every_o where_o and_o therefore_o if_o we_o imagine_v that_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v distend_v by_o the_o diastole_n of_o the_o artery_n why_o shall_v we_o not_o believe_v also_o that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n do_v beat_v because_o they_o have_v all_o proportionable_o as_o many_o artery_n final_o the_o process_n call_v vermi-formis_a the_o conarion_n and_o the_o buttock_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v show_v that_o there_o be_v a_o peculiar_a motion_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o 6._o reason_n 6._o the_o artery_n for_o the_o wormy_a process_n be_v make_v short_a open_v the_o way_n which_o be_v from_o 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the_o same_o reason_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o heart_n stand_v need_n of_o last_o to_o the_o last_o fibres_n not_o for_o the_o traction_n and_o expulsion_n of_o air_n but_o of_o blood_n in_o the_o diastole_n the_o heart_n draw_v blood_n by_o the_o right_a fibres_fw-fr and_o the_o same_o blood_n it_o expel_v in_o the_o systole_n by_o the_o transuerse_a but_o the_o brain_n when_o it_o be_v move_v draw_v only_a air_n with_o most_o thin_a vital_a spirit_n for_o the_o traction_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o help_n of_o fibres_n hence_o we_o think_v it_o be_v sufficient_o manifest_a that_o the_o brain_n be_v move_v by_o a_o in_o breed_v faculty_n and_o not_o only_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n qvest._n x._o whether_o the_o brain_n have_v any_o sense_n it_o be_v a_o notable_a controversy_n among_o physician_n whether_o the_o brain_n have_v any_o sense_n or_o no._n that_o it_o have_v sense_n it_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o authority_n experience_n and_o reason_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vulneribus_fw-la capitis_fw-la resolve_v that_o it_o have_v sense_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n about_o the_o sinciput_fw-la do_v soon_o galen_n that_o the_o brain_n have_v sense_n the_o authority_n of_o hippocrates_n of_o galen_n and_o especial_o feel_v any_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v either_o in_o the_o flesh_n or_o in_o the_o bone_n galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr plenitudine_fw-la the_o brain_n say_v he_o and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v account_v among_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v sense_n and_o if_o in_o a_o frenzy_n no_o pain_n be_v feel_v it_o be_v because_o the_o mind_n be_v disquiet_v again_o in_o his_o book_n odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la he_o attribute_v to_o the_o brain_n manifest_a sense_n moreover_o experience_n
and_o betwixt_o they_o run_v the_o nose_n as_o a_o strong_a wall_n under_o they_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o cheek_n stand_v out_o and_o at_o their_o side_n the_o hard_a bone_n of_o the_o temple_n they_o be_v immediate_o cover_v with_o soft_a lid_n that_o they_o may_v not_o impeach_v the_o delicacy_n of_o the_o instrument_n the_o uppermost_a be_v mooveable_a and_o very_a nimble_a which_o do_v shut_v up_o the_o pupil_n as_o well_o in_o rest_n to_o refresh_v they_o as_o also_o when_o any_o outward_a injury_n be_v ready_a to_o annoie_v they_o the_o lowermost_a be_v immooveable_a or_o at_o least_o move_v insensible_o these_o lid_n be_v again_o beard_v with_o hair_n whereby_o and_o wherein_o small_a body_n or_o mote_n which_o haply_o in_o their_o approach_n be_v not_o discern_v may_v be_v intercept_v the_o eye_n themselves_o have_v many_o muscle_n allow_v they_o whereby_o they_o be_v move_v every_o way_n upward_o and_o downward_o to_o the_o right_n and_o to_o the_o left_a and_o round_a they_o be_v also_o by_o a_o muscle_n sustain_v and_o keep_v stable_n or_o firm_a whereby_o the_o sense_n be_v more_o certain_a diverse_a coat_n they_o have_v wherewith_o they_o be_v cover_v the_o first_o call_v adnata_fw-la the_o second_o cornea_n the_o three_o vuea_n the_o four_o aranea_fw-la there_o be_v also_o three_o humour_n the_o first_o watery_a the_o second_o glassy_a and_o the_o three_o crystalline_a which_o be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o the_o sight_n and_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o other_o part_n above_o mention_v the_o eye_n indeed_o see_v with_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n but_o it_o see_v perfect_o and_o more_o accomplishedlye_o with_o the_o whole_a organ_n or_o instrument_n the_o object_n of_o this_o sense_n be_v those_o colour_n which_o be_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o other_o body_n next_o follow_v the_o ear_n the_o instrument_n whereby_o the_o soul_n discern_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o sound_n and_o voice_n the_o chief_a part_n of_o this_o organ_n be_v a_o thin_a and_o subtle_a air_n breed_v in_o the_o â—are_n and_o seat_v within_o the_o cavity_n thereof_o to_o which_o air_n the_o end_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v ear_n the_o ear_n which_o come_v from_o the_o brain_n do_v attain_v and_o as_o the_o optic_a nerve_n encompass_v the_o crystalline_a humour_n so_o this_o nerve_n of_o hear_v be_v think_v to_o encompass_v the_o in_o breed_v air_n and_o spirit_n and_o so_o the_o society_n grow_v between_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n and_o the_o inward_a principle_n of_o sensation_n before_o this_o air_n be_v a_o membrane_n stretch_v which_o we_o call_v the_o drum_n support_v and_o establish_v with_o three_o bone_n the_o small_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n but_o none_o form_v with_o more_o curious_a art_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o hammer_n the_o second_o the_o anvile_n the_o three_o the_o stirrup_n many_o man_n have_v labour_v to_o assign_v to_o each_o of_o these_o their_o proper_a use_n and_o how_o they_o confer_v to_o the_o sense_n of_o 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that_o of_o smell_a who_o instrument_n do_v not_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o scull_n in_o those_o creature_n which_o do_v respire_v but_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n whence_o nose_n the_o nose_n it_o follow_v that_o these_o 5._o be_v call_v outward_a sense_n not_o so_o much_o because_o they_o appear_v outward_o but_o rather_o because_o their_o proper_a organ_n do_v receive_v the_o species_n or_o representation_n of_o outward_a thing_n the_o instrument_n therefore_o of_o smell_v be_v a_o pair_n of_o production_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o forward_a ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o which_o the_o faculty_n of_o smell_v reside_v do_v comprehend_v the_o odour_n of_o thing_n which_o together_o with_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v draw_v in_o through_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o be_v raise_v high_a in_o the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n then_o of_o other_o creature_n as_o well_o for_o beauty_n as_o because_o the_o brain_n of_o a_o man_n be_v large_a and_o therefore_o yield_v abundance_n of_o excrement_n may_v therethrough_a be_v better_a cleanse_v this_o nose_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n by_o a_o gristly_a substance_n aswell_o to_o break_v and_o divide_v the_o outward_a air_n which_o in_o a_o great_a part_n be_v draw_v in_o this_o way_n to_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o sharp_a artery_n &_o so_o to_o the_o lung_n as_o also_o to_o disperse_v the_o part_n of_o the_o object_n of_o this_o sense_n that_o be_v so_o divide_v it_o may_v equal_o insinuate_v itself_o through_o the_o small_a hole_n of_o the_o spungy_a bone_n to_o both_o the_o production_n which_o determine_v on_o either_o side_n the_o four_o sense_n be_v the_o taste_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v seat_v in_o those_o nerve_n which_o attain_v unto_o the_o tongue_n and_o palate_n assist_v by_o the_o spungy_a flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n itself_o for_o tongue_n the_o tongue_n when_o any_o savoury_a quality_n or_o affection_n impart_v to_o a_o humour_n or_o ivice_n be_v apply_v unto_o the_o tongue_n it_o stir_v up_o the_o taste_n and_o present_o the_o image_n or_o species_n of_o that_o savour_n be_v by_o the_o spirit_n reside_v in_o the_o nerve_n convey_v to_o the_o principal_a sensator_fw-la and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o savour_n be_v represent_v to_o the_o instrument_n in_o a_o hard_a or_o congeal_a body_n as_o salt_n pepper_n or_o such_o like_a it_o can_v move_v the_o sense_n before_o it_o be_v melt_v by_o the_o heat_n or_o at_o least_o have_v communicate_v his_o affection_n unto_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o nothing_o can_v affect_v the_o taste_n which_o can_v be_v dissolve_v neither_o be_v he_o who_o tongue_n be_v torrify_v or_o parch_v with_o extraordinary_a heat_n a_o competentiudge_n of_o savour_n or_o taste_n as_o for_o the_o touch_n which_o be_v the_o five_o and_o last_o sense_n it_o be_v not_o contain_v within_o any_o proper_a organ_n or_o instrument_n but_o equal_o diffuse_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n because_o the_o necessity_n touch_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v of_o nature_n do_v every_o where_n require_v the_o presence_n thereof_o for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o do_v not_o as_o other_o sense_n receive_v the_o impression_n of_o all_o his_o own_o proper_a object_n for_o sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n if_o therefore_o the_o object_n be_v of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o the_o instrument_n the_o sense_n be_v not_o affect_v therewith_o because_o it_o do_v not_o suffer_v by_o that_o which_o be_v like_a unto_o it_o but_o all_o the_o other_o sense_n do_v apprehend_v all_o those_o quality_n which_o do_v fall_v under_o they_o for_o be_v all_o unlike_a to_o the_o instrument_n they_o must_v needs_o be_v affect_v by_o they_o but_o because_o this_o sense_n have_v no_o particular_a instrument_n in_o the_o head_n we_o shall_v only_o entreat_v of_o it_o by_o the_o way_n in_o this_o place_n somewhat_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o it_o before_o in_o our_o discourse_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o more_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o say_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o joint_n and_o the_o vessel_n wherefore_o we_o descend_v unto_o our_o history_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v call_v the_o face_n together_o with_o the_o vessel_n and_o muscle_n thereof_o have_v go_v through_o that_o part_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o hairy_a scalfe_n and_o therefore_o by_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 7_o chapter_n of_o his_o 1._o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o remain_v that_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o other_o part_n which_o be_v without_o hair_n call_v in_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o face_n the_o name_n of_o the_o face_n name_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v receive_v
wisdom_n and_o the_o infinite_a goodness_n wherewith_o he_o have_v compass_v we_o on_o every_o side_n moreover_o that_o he_o will_v give_v i_o power_n perspicuous_o to_o propound_v and_o lay_v open_a to_o your_o capacity_n a_o thing_n so_o diverse_o and_o quaynt_o fold_v up_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o follow_v the_o train_n thereof_o these_o instrument_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a aures_fw-la ab_fw-la hauriendis_fw-la vocibus_fw-la as_o say_v lactantius_n in_o english_a ear_n of_o hear_v ear_n the_o name_n of_o the_o ear_n there_o be_v many_o part_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o serve_v as_o well_o for_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o sound_n into_o they_o as_o also_o for_o the_o intention_n thereof_o some_o of_o they_o be_v such_o as_o without_o which_o there_o be_v no_o reception_n of_o sound_n other_o be_v necessary_a for_o better_a reception_n and_o hear_n final_o other_o be_v create_v for_o the_o conservation_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n we_o will_v divide_v the_o ear_n according_a to_o hypocrates_n in_o coacis_n into_o a_o outward_a and_o a_o inward_a ear_n and_o first_o we_o will_v entreat_v of_o the_o outward_a the_o ear_n say_v aristotle_n be_v part_n of_o the_o head_n by_o which_o we_o hear_v and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v imagine_v they_o be_v call_v aures_fw-la quasi_fw-la audes_fw-ge ab_fw-la audiendo_fw-la from_o hear_v instrument_n name_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n they_o be_v of_o hear_v indeed_o as_o galen_n confess_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr instrumento_fw-la odoratus_fw-la but_o not_o the_o principal_a organ_n because_o if_o the_o ear_n be_v cut_v off_o close_o by_o the_o head_n yet_o a_o man_n will_v hear_v notwithstanding_o as_o if_o the_o nose_n be_v cut_v off_o a_o man_n shall_v smell_v though_o imperfect_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o principal_a instrument_n both_o of_o hear_v and_o of_o smell_a lie_n hide_v within_o the_o skull_n the_o outward_a ear_n therefore_o be_v help_v cause_n and_o when_o they_o be_v sound_a and_o whole_a they_o be_v of_o as_o great_a use_n for_o the_o hear_v as_o the_o nostril_n be_v for_o the_o smell_a these_o outward_a ear_n proper_o call_v auriculae_fw-la be_v in_o man_n &_o beast_n conspicuous_a but_o in_o bird_n and_o fish_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o bird_n have_v only_a hole_n whereby_o the_o sound_n enter_v into_o their_o brain_n because_o their_o skin_n be_v hard_o they_o want_v matter_n whereof_o this_o ear_n shall_v be_v frame_v beside_o such_o ear_n as_o other_o creature_n be_v furnish_v with_o will_v have_v be_v a_o hindrance_n unto_o they_o in_o their_o flight_n as_o we_o see_v a_o contrary_a wind_n blow_v upon_o a_o sail_n stay_v the_o course_n of_o a_o ship_n as_o for_o fish_n no_o man_n that_o i_o know_v have_v yet_o find_v out_o the_o instrument_n of_o their_o hear_v those_o hole_n which_o be_v place_v before_o their_o eye_n we_o doubt_v whither_o they_o serve_v for_o hear_v or_o for_o smell_a the_o outward_a ear_n be_v place_v in_o the_o same_o parallel_n or_o line_n with_o the_o eye_n yet_o not_o so_o ear_n what_o creature_n want_v outward_a ear_n much_o for_o the_o better_a reception_n of_o sound_n which_o say_v cicero_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la deorum_fw-la of_o their_o own_o nature_n do_v ascend_v upward_o because_o they_o have_v their_o consistence_n in_o the_o air_n but_o rather_o from_o the_o commodity_n of_o those_o soft_a nerve_n within_o the_o scull_n which_o be_v to_o communicate_v the_o animal_n spirit_n disperse_v through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n unto_o the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v otherwise_o if_o the_o ear_n have_v their_o situation_n only_o for_o the_o apprehension_n of_o sound_n they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v be_v place_v in_o any_o part_n ear_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o creature_n as_o where_o they_o be_v because_o the_o sound_n be_v equal_o communicate_v to_o the_o whole_a air_n that_o compass_v we_o about_o but_o on_o the_o foreside_n they_o may_v not_o be_v place_v because_o that_o room_n be_v to_o be_v take_v up_o for_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o other_o sense_n for_o the_o eye_n because_o we_o see_v by_o a_o right_a line_n but_o we_o may_v hear_v as_o well_o on_o either_o side_n as_o direct_o forward_a as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr part._n animalium_fw-la although_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr vsu_fw-la partium_fw-la be_v not_o altogether_o of_o aristotle_n opinion_n again_o for_o the_o mouth_n partly_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o receive_v meat_n and_o drink_v direct_o from_o the_o hand_n partly_o also_o because_o it_o be_v fit_a we_o shall_v turn_v not_o our_o eye_n only_o but_o our_o mouth_n also_o towards_o they_o with_o who_o we_o discourse_n three_o for_o the_o nose_n that_o the_o savour_n of_o meat_n and_o drink_n by_o which_o we_o judge_v and_o discern_v whither_o they_o be_v good_a or_o ill_a might_n more_o direct_o strike_v the_o sense_n of_o smell_a moreover_o the_o ear_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o backepatt_n of_o the_o head_n because_o there_o be_v no_o nerve_n derive_v thereunto_o not_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n lest_o the_o cover_n of_o the_o head_n shall_v hinder_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o sound_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o it_o be_v most_o convenient_a they_o shall_v be_v place_v in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n or_o the_o face_n just_a against_o the_o region_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o also_o be_v in_o man_n immooveable_a in_o bruit_n beast_n their_o situation_n be_v somewhat_o otherwise_o to_o wit_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o face_n because_o their_o head_n hang_v always_o downward_o unto_o the_o earth_n to_o seek_v their_o food_n in_o beast_n also_o the_o ear_n be_v mooveable_a the_o ear_n of_o ape_n have_v a_o middle_a position_n betwixt_o those_o of_o man_n and_o beast_n because_o it_o be_v a_o creature_n of_o a_o middle_a figure_n betwixt_o the_o erect_a frame_n of_o a_o man_n &_o the_o prone_a ear_n ape_n ear_n or_o bend_a posture_n of_o a_o beast_n and_o as_o their_o position_n so_o likewise_o be_v their_o motion_n not_o to_o be_v immoovable_a as_o in_o man_n nor_o so_o mooveable_a as_o in_o other_o beast_n but_o betwixt_o both_o table_n 4._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n together_o with_o the_o fat_a and_o the_o glandule_n under_o the_o ear_n and_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o head_n and_o the_o ear_n fig._n 2._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o eyebrow_n and_o a_o few_o of_o the_o jaw_n tabula_fw-la four_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o the_o second_o figure_n the_o truth_n hereof_o may_v be_v diverse_o demonstrate_v first_o because_o all_o sound_n be_v most_o exact_o receive_v in_o hollow_a and_o hard_a body_n as_o bell_n and_o such_o like_a again_o those_o man_n who_o ear_n be_v cut_v away_o do_v receive_v sound_n and_o articulate_a voice_n after_o a_o obtule_n dull_a or_o confuse_a manner_n like_o the_o fall_n of_o water_n or_o chirp_n of_o a_o grasshopper_n in_o somuch_o that_o the_o other_o ear_n which_o be_v not_o vitiate_a be_v notwithstanding_o impair_v unless_o that_o which_o be_v wound_v be_v quite_o stop_v uppe_o final_o such_o as_o be_v half_o deaf_a that_o they_o may_v hear_v the_o better_a do_v set_v their_o hand_n to_o their_o ear_n with_o the_o palm_n forward_o to_o gather_v in_o the_o sound_n as_o we_o read_v that_o adrian_n the_o emperor_n emperor_n adrian_z the_o emperor_n be_v wont_a to_o do_v another_o use_n of_o this_o refraction_n of_o the_o air_n be_v lest_o it_o shall_v enter_v into_o the_o ear_n too_o cold_a if_o it_o be_v not_o break_v and_o beat_v against_o the_o side_n in_o the_o passage_n whereby_o it_o receive_v if_o not_o heat_n yet_o a_o mitigation_n of_o his_o coldness_n and_o final_o if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o these_o breach_n many_o violent_a sound_n will_v sudden_o rush_v into_o the_o ear_n to_o the_o great_a offence_n of_o the_o hear_v these_o ear_n be_v not_o always_o of_o one_o magnitude_n but_o in_o some_o great_a in_o some_o less_o but_o mostwhat_a proportionable_a to_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o body_n and_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o where_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o vital_a heat_n there_o the_o ear_n be_v somewhat_o the_o large_a ear_n the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o ear_n howsoever_o they_o be_v small_a in_o man_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o creature_n as_o well_o for_o ornament_n as_o because_o the_o head_n of_o a_o man_n say_v galen_n in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o his_o eleaventh_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la
the_o side_n of_o the_o head_n the_o sound_n may_v easy_o slip_v by_o they_o especial_o when_o it_o come_v from_o behind_o we_o and_o we_o move_v forward_o if_o it_o be_v not_o catch_v in_o these_o convolution_n â—nd_v in_o the_o guttures_fw-la of_o the_o grystly_a substance_n convey_v unto_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o even_o by_o instinct_n of_o nature_n we_o see_v brute_n beast_n as_o dog_n and_o horse_n will_v prick_v up_o their_o ear_n and_o partly_o turn_v they_o towards_o any_o sound_n or_o noise_n that_o be_v make_v and_o because_o the_o ear_n may_v be_v thus_o prominent_a as_o well_o in_o the_o part_n as_o in_o the_o whole_a for_o the_o whole_a ear_n stand_v of_o a_o certain_a distance_n from_o the_o head_n nature_n have_v make_v they_o of_o a_o cartelaginious_a or_o gristly_a substance_n which_o out_o of_o doubt_n will_v grow_v far_o from_o the_o head_n if_o nurse_n or_o careful_a mother_n who_o have_v more_o respect_n of_o comeliness_n then_o of_o use_n do_v not_o bind_v they_o down_o in_o our_o infancy_n if_o you_o ask_v i_o how_o the_o sound_n of_o any_o thing_n far_o off_o can_v arrive_v unto_o the_o ear_n i_o will_v answer_v by_o a_o pregnant_a example_n on_o this_o manner_n if_o a_o stone_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o ear_n a_o fit_a similitude_n express_v how_o the_o sound_v come_v through_o the_o air_n unto_o the_o ear_n pond_n it_o move_v the_o water_n in_o circle_n one_o always_o succeed_v great_a than_o another_o until_o the_o motion_n determine_v in_o the_o brink_n or_o bound_n of_o the_o pond_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n those_o body_n which_o by_o their_o collision_n do_v make_v a_o sound_n move_v the_o air_n into_o orb_n or_o circle_n succeed_v one_o another_o so_o that_o the_o circle_n which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o body_n from_o whence_o the_o sound_n come_v be_v but_o small_a the_o rest_n which_o follow_v they_o grow_v great_a and_o great_a until_o they_o come_v unto_o the_o ear_n whereat_o when_o they_o beat_v they_o be_v latch_v in_o those_o furrow_n we_o speak_v of_o and_o by_o they_o direct_v unto_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v chap._n xii_o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n this_o outward_a ear_n be_v make_v of_o part_n some_o common_a some_o proper_a the_o common_a part_n be_v the_o cuticle_n the_o skin_n the_o fleshy_a membrane_n flesh_n itself_o and_o a_o little_a fat_a in_o the_o lobe_n or_o lap_n the_o proper_a part_n be_v muscle_n vein_n artery_n nerve_n and_o a_o gristle_n the_o cuticle_n or_o skarfe-skin_n we_o have_v speak_v of_o before_o in_o the_o second_o book_n as_o also_o of_o all_o the_o other_o common_a part_n only_o of_o the_o skin_n itself_o in_o this_o part_n we_o may_v say_v that_o it_o be_v exceed_o thin_a yet_o somewhat_o thick_a in_o the_o gibbous_a or_o backside_n of_o the_o ear_n than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o concavous_a or_o foreside_n and_o the_o near_a it_o come_v to_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v the_o thin_a it_o be_v this_o skin_n compass_v the_o ear_n round_o about_o both_o without_o and_o within_o and_o cleave_v very_o strong_o and_o firm_o to_o a_o little_a flesh_n and_o to_o the_o gristle_n that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o ear_n especial_o ear_n the_o skin_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n the_o inner_a may_v be_v smooth_a and_o slick_a not_o corrugate_v or_o unequal_a as_o well_o for_o beauty_n and_o comeliness_n as_o also_o for_o the_o better_a reception_n of_o sound_n for_o aristotle_n in_o the_o severth_n aristotle_n aristotle_n problem_n of_o the_o eleven_o section_n inquire_v why_o a_o house_n that_o be_v new_o plaster_v do_v sound_n old_a why_o a_o new_a house_n sound_v more_o than_o a_o old_a better_o than_o a_o old_a house_n answer_v that_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o wall_n be_v smooth_a which_o smoothness_n procee_v from_o density_n or_o fastness_n it_o be_v reasonable_a therefore_o to_o think_v that_o the_o smoothness_n of_o the_o ear_n help_v the_o sound_n and_o therefore_o the_o very_a hole_n also_o of_o hear_v be_v invest_v with_o a_o sight_n hard_a thin_a and_o smooth_a skin_n which_o cleave_v very_o close_o to_o the_o membrane_n there_o under_o but_o where_o the_o skin_n incompass_v the_o lobe_n or_o lap_n of_o the_o ear_n it_o be_v so_o exquisite_o mix_v with_o the_o membrane_n and_o the_o flesh_n that_o it_o can_v be_v separate_v from_o they_o and_o therefore_o we_o may_v call_v that_o part_n a_o fleshy_a fatty_a and_o spungy_a skin_n the_o vessel_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v these_o vein_n of_o the_o ear_n hypocrates_n take_v knowledge_n of_o in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la haminis_fw-la branch_n they_o be_v disperse_v on_o either_o side_n tab._n 4._o fig._n 1._o ddd_n ear_n the_o vein_n of_o the_o ear_n table_n 6._o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o fore-face_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n without_o the_o skin_n figure_n 2._o show_v a_o ligament_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n whereby_o it_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o skull_n figure_n 3._o the_o stony_a process_n be_v break_v show_v the_o first_o cavity_n and_o the_o hole_n thereof_o figure_n 4._o &_o 5._o show_v the_o labyrinth_n the_o snayly_a shell_n call_v cochlea_n two_o window_n and_o three_o semicircle_n tabula_fw-la vi_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o fig_n iii_o fig_n iv_o fig_n v._o fig._n 1._o &_o 2._o fig._n 3._o 4._o &_o 5._o artery_n it_o have_v from_o the_o inner_a branch_n of_o the_o carotis_fw-la or_o sleepy_a artery_n which_o pass_v to_o ear_n the_o arteriesâ—_n of_o the_o ear_n the_o backside_n of_o the_o ear_n tab._n 13._o lib._n 6._o o_fw-la that_o those_o part_n and_o the_o inbred_a air_n also_o may_v be_v refresh_v with_o vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n two_o small_a nerve_n it_o have_v from_o the_o backward_o and_o two_o from_o the_o side_n of_o the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o these_o be_v very_o small_a say_v galen_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la in_o man_n and_o ape_n because_o their_o temporal_a muscle_n be_v very_o small_a and_o the_o substance_n of_o their_o ear_n be_v immovable_a but_o in_o other_o creature_n say_v he_o who_o temporal_a muscle_n and_o ear_n be_v very_o large_a these_o nerve_n also_o be_v large_a because_o of_o the_o strength_n require_v to_o those_o motion_n the_o use_n of_o they_o in_o man_n be_v to_o bring_v sense_n to_o the_o ear_n and_o sometime_o to_o move_v the_o muscle_n for_o those_o muscle_n be_v not_o always_o find_v chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o outward_a eare._n man_n ear_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n immovable_a yet_o they_o may_v be_v move_v as_o appear_v as_o well_o by_o their_o muscle_n as_o also_o by_o the_o nerve_n which_o as_o we_o say_v even_o now_o be_v find_v in_o some_o body_n but_o the_o muscle_n be_v so_o small_a and_o the_o nerve_n so_o threddy_o that_o their_o motion_n be_v hardly_o perceive_v and_o nature_n make_v they_o small_a because_o too_o much_o motion_n will_v have_v vitiate_a the_o hear_n and_o therefore_o the_o head_n be_v rather_o make_v to_o move_v speedy_o on_o every_o side_n towards_o the_o sound_n or_o voice_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o beast_n who_o ear_n be_v movable_a such_o as_o they_o be_v falopius_n first_o find_v they_o out_o and_o therefore_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o invention_n belong_v to_o he_o they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n common_a and_o proper_a the_o first_o be_v common_a to_o the_o ear_n and_o both_o the_o lip_n and_o be_v a_o portion_n of_o that_o muscle_n which_o be_v account_v the_o first_o of_o those_o which_o move_v the_o cheek_n and_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o face_n and_o be_v call_v quadratus_n tabl_v 7._o fig._n 1_o l_o the_o square_a muscle_n it_o be_v insert_v with_o ascend_a fibre_n into_o the_o root_n of_o the_o ear_n table_n 6._o fig._n 1._o o._n table_n 7._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o forehead_n the_o eyelid_n and_o the_o cheek_n figure_n 2._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o nose_n lip_n the_o low_a jaw_n and_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n tabula_fw-la vii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o μ_n 2_o the_o insertion_n of_o this_o muscle_n into_o the_o low_a jaw_n ν_fw-gr 2_o a_o small_a nerve_n run_v to_o the_o forehead_n out_o of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n Ï€_n 2_o a_o nerve_n propagate_v to_o the_o face_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2_o two_o beginning_n of_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o head_n t_o 2_o his_o insertion_n into_o the_o mammillary_a process_n â—_o 2_o the_o clavicle_n or_o the_o coller-bone_n φ_n 2_o a_o place_n where_o the_o vessel_n attain_v to_o the_o head_n and_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o arm_n do_v pass_v through_o the_o second_o be_v a_o proper_a muscle_n table_n 7._o
begin_n to_o the_o end_n and_o this_o issue_n be_v narrow_a and_o direct_a for_o if_o this_o cavity_n have_v be_v blind_a without_o a_o outlet_a the_o air_n be_v beat_v can_v not_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v this_o be_v far_o less_o than_o the_o former_a two_o situate_a in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o process_n under_o the_o knub_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n that_o it_o may_v meet_v with_o the_o sound_n which_o proceed_v from_o behind_o situate_v where_o situate_v forward_o and_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o canal_n which_o we_o say_v be_v like_o a_o watercourse_n place_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o stony_a process_n by_o a_o thin_a bone_n like_o a_o bridge_n table_n 10._o fig._n 2._o betwixt_o n_z and_z f._n it_o be_v long_o and_o crooked_a and_o have_v three_o gyration_n sometime_o sometime_o four_o one_o of_o they_o receive_v another_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o coehlea_n or_o snaile-shell_n by_o which_o it_o be_v intorted_a figure_n the_o figure_n some_o what_o inward_a and_o downward_o but_o the_o broad_a screw_n stand_v high_o receive_v the_o nerve_n the_o narrow_a stand_v low_a determine_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o work_v itself_o also_o a_o passage_n into_o this_o end_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n call_v fenestella_n cualis_fw-la which_o platerus_a call_v the_o low_a hole_n and_o placentinus_n the_o upper_a table_n 10._o fig._n 2._o l_o i_o mean_v into_o the_o great_a gyre_n of_o this_o bone_n this_o bone_n of_o the_o cochlea_n or_o the_o snail_n shell_n consist_v of_o two_o kind_n of_o circle_n whereof_o one_o be_v make_v of_o a_o bony_a substance_n very_o thin_a and_o dry_a which_o may_v easy_o be_v crumble_v and_o on_o every_o side_n like_o a_o snake_n roll_v up_o into_o bought_n the_o other_o be_v first_o propound_v by_o eustachius_n which_o be_v make_v of_o a_o soft_a &_o mucous_a matter_n yet_o firm_a and_o have_v i_o know_v not_o what_o kind_n of_o sandy_a matter_n mingle_v therewith_o it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o middle_a space_n of_o the_o first_o convolution_n eustachius_n eustachius_n as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o a_o large_a basis_n and_o be_v by_o degree_n extenuate_v end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n but_o it_o ascend_v not_o so_o high_a as_o that_o it_o touch_v the_o circumference_n of_o the_o bone_n wherinto_o the_o first_o gyration_n do_v determine_v this_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o our_o creator_n empedocles_n as_o galen_n witness_v in_o his_o empedocles_n empedocles_n book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la philosophica_fw-la do_v first_o intimate_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v make_v by_o the_o impulsion_n of_o the_o air_n or_o of_o a_o spirit_n which_o strike_v &_o beat_v the_o part_n like_o a_o snail_n shell_n suspend_v within_o the_o ear_n like_o a_o bell_n and_o with_o he_o agree_v aristotle_n in_o the_o aristetle_n aristetle_n eleven_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o inward_a ear_n which_o be_v like_o the_o contortion_n of_o a_o snail_n shell_n end_v in_o a_o bone_n which_o be_v like_o the_o outward_a ear_n this_o three_o cavity_n as_o also_o the_o second_o and_o the_o burrough_n thereof_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o vesalius_n the_o membrane_n invest_v this_o cavitie_n vesalius_n soft_a and_o thin_a membrane_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v vesalius_n say_v it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n and_o that_o it_o do_v invest_v but_o some_o part_n only_o of_o the_o cavity_n not_o all_o throughout_o into_o this_o cavity_n as_o well_o as_o into_o the_o former_a do_v run_v three_o or_o four_o hole_n so_o small_a that_o a_o hair_n will_v scarce_o pass_v through_o they_o issue_v out_o of_o that_o canal_n through_o which_o we_o say_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n do_v pass_v through_o which_o hole_n certain_a nerve_n of_o the_o fist_n conjugation_n or_o at_o least_o their_o faculty_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o forensayde_v membrane_n so_o differ_v bauhine_v from_o vesalius_n and_o although_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v especial_o make_v in_o cavity_n bauhine_v the_o use_n of_o these_o cavity_n the_o first_o cavity_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v also_o make_v in_o the_o other_o seeing_z into_z they_o as_o be_v say_v there_o be_v surcle_n of_o nerve_n derive_v and_o in_o they_o also_o animal_n spirit_n and_o inbred_a air_n be_v contain_v notwithstanding_o the_o two_o hindmost_a cavity_n be_v rather_o make_v to_o hinder_v a_o echo_n or_o reflection_n of_o the_o sound_n to_o the_o first_o cavity_n and_o whereas_o these_o cavity_n have_v hole_n of_o diverse_a magnitude_n length_n and_o figure_n it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o think_v that_o they_o kind_n why_o perforation_n be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n be_v so_o frame_v for_o the_o difference_n of_o sound_n for_o a_o base_a sound_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o air_n iequire_v a_o large_a hole_n the_o length_n prohibit_v the_o echo_n and_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sound_n wherefore_o the_o great_a sound_n require_v long_o canales_fw-la and_o the_o lesser_a short_a that_o the_o sound_n in_o they_o may_v as_o it_o be_v be_v appease_v and_o a_o echo_n prohibit_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o figure_n make_v much_o either_o for_o the_o natural_a delation_n or_o transmition_n of_o the_o sound_n and_o the_o air_n which_o run_v for_o the_o most_o part_n through_o circle_a meander_n or_o that_o the_o sound_n in_o they_o may_v rest_v now_o we_o may_v easy_o imagine_v that_o a_o sound_n will_v soon_o cease_v or_o be_v appease_v when_o it_o run_v through_o many_o turn_n or_o gyration_n than_o it_o will_v do_v if_o it_o be_v convey_v by_o a_o straight_a line_n but_o the_o use_n of_o this_o three_o cavitie_n coiter_v elegant_o show_v and_o confirm_v by_o a_o instance_n in_o a_o circle_a instrument_n put_v case_n it_o be_v a_o sackebut_n for_o if_o a_o man_n lay_v his_o ear_n to_o the_o coiter_v the_o use_n of_o the_o 3._o cavitie_n after_o coiter_v hole_n of_o such_o a_o instrument_n he_o shall_v here_o a_o wonderful_a whistle_n and_o hiss_v noise_n and_o murmur_n where_o if_o a_o man_n blow_n into_o it_o with_o his_o mouth_n it_o will_v sound_v like_o a_o trumpet_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o stony_a bone_n and_o the_o cavity_n thereof_o now_o we_o proceed_v chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o nerve_n which_o arive_v at_o the_o ear_n at_o length_n we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o make_v that_o conjugation_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o five_o tab._n 21._o lib._n 7._o fig._n 1._o 2._o a._n tab._n 15._o lib._n 7_o fig._n 20._o m._n it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o tranuerse_n process_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la and_o be_v arise_v where_o it_o arise_v a_o thick_a and_o large_a nerve_n therefore_o near_o of_o all_o to_o the_o after-braine_n because_o it_o be_v to_o convey_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o animal_n spirit_n it_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o first_o hole_n of_o the_o stony_a bone_n which_o a_o large_a perforation_n and_o make_v of_o purpose_n within_o the_o scull_n for_o the_o transmission_n of_o this_o nerve_n which_o it_o hide_v all_o the_o way_n it_o run_v forward_o till_o in_o the_o middle_n almost_o of_o the_o stony_a process_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o unequal_a part_n the_o one_o large_a &_o ample_a the_o other_o small_a but_o hard_a hard_a i_o say_v then_o the_o other_o not_o through_o out_o the_o length_n of_o it_o but_o only_o in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v long_o than_o the_o former_a for_o that_o we_o soft_a how_o many_o way_n a_o nerve_n become_v hard_a and_o soft_a may_v say_v so_o much_o by_o the_o way_n the_o softness_n or_o hardness_n of_o a_o nerve_n depend_v upon_o 3._o thing_n first_o upon_o the_o original_n so_o those_o nerve_n that_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n itself_o be_v the_o soft_a those_o that_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o after-braine_n or_o out_o of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n be_v the_o hard_a second_o upon_o their_o distance_n as_o they_o be_v far_o from_o their_o original_n or_o near_o unto_o it_o so_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v the_o soft_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n because_o they_o be_v near_o to_o their_o original_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o foot_n the_o hard_a because_o they_o be_v far_o off_o or_o three_o it_o hang_v upon_o their_o contaction_n for_o from_o their_o contaction_n with_o hard_a body_n as_o bone_n &_o gristle_n or_o with_o soft_a as_o fat_a and_o vessel_n they_o become_v hard_a and_o soft_a as_o platentinus_n have_v observe_v but_o this_o by_o the_o way_n this_o slender_a production_n of_o the_o nerve_n through_o the_o upper_a hole_n of_o the_o fore_n mention_v
dilatation_n other_o for_o constriction_n the_o first_o open_v the_o nostril_n the_o other_o shut_v they_o those_o that_o dilate_v the_o nostril_n be_v four_o two_o small_a one_o arise_v from_o the_o cheeke-bone_n two_o other_o arise_v from_o the_o seam_n of_o the_o forehead_n there_o be_v also_o other_o four_o which_o constringe_v the_o nose_n two_o arise_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o wing_n the_o other_o two_o be_v hide_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nose_n under_o the_o coat_n which_o compass_v it_o about_o but_o of_o these_o we_o shall_v hear_v more_o particular_o in_o the_o book_n of_o muscle_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o the_o bone_n gristle_n vessel_n coat_n and_o use_n of_o the_o nose_n the_o bone_n which_o make_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o nose_n although_o they_o be_v bone_n of_o the_o upper_a bone_n the_o bone_n jaw_n other_o be_v common_a the_o proper_a be_v three_o two_o external_a and_o one_o internal_a and_o these_o reach_n from_o the_o top_n but_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o nose_n the_o rest_n be_v grist_o the_o common_a bone_n be_v one_o fix_v at_o the_o upper_a root_n of_o the_o nose_n within_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o hypocrates_n and_o galen_n and_o near_o it_o we_o find_v two_o other_o fungous_a &_o spungy_a bone_n which_o fill_v the_o upper_a cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n make_v for_o the_o voice_n and_o the_o reception_n of_o odour_n which_o be_v unite_v by_o the_o bone_n cribri_fw-la form_n so_o that_o some_o think_v they_o to_o be_v part_n thereof_o but_o of_o these_o in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o bone_n the_o gristle_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v five_o three_o be_v before_o tie_v to_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o gristle_n the_o gristle_n bone_n and_o two_o make_v the_o wing_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v entreat_v among_o the_o gristle_n the_o vessel_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v vein_n from_o the_o jugular_a vein_n artery_n from_o the_o sleepy_a vesselsâ—_n vesselsâ—_n artery_n and_o nerve_n from_o the_o three_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n on_o either_o side_n one_o table_n twelve_o fig._n 8._o show_v the_o foreside_n of_o the_o scull_n as_o also_o the_o bone_n the_o hole_n or_o perforation_n &_o the_o suture_n both_o of_o the_o scull_n and_o of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n figure_n 9_o show_v the_o basis_n of_o the_o scull_n and_o many_o hole_n and_o suture_n therein_o tabula_fw-la xii_o fig_n jix_fw-la ix_o the_o nine_o figure_n ll._n a_o part_n of_o the_o forehead_n bone_n mm_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o noll_n bone_n n_o a_o rift_n or_o cleave_v of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n which_o be_v common_a to_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o temple_n draw_v on_o the_o left_a side_n from_o n_z to_z o._n oh_o the_o wedge_n bone_n p._n his_o four_o process_n mark_v 2_o 3._o 4_o 5._o a_o r._n the_o sixth_o hole_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o throat_n a._n the_o seven_o hole_n of_o the_o same_o at_o r._n γ._n the_o first_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n s._n λ._n the_o four_o Ï€._n the_o sixth_o where_o the_o cutter_n betwixt_o c_o and_z Ï€_n have_v not_o well_o express_v the_o suture_a tt_z the_o bone_n of_o the_o temple_n on_o either_o side_n v._o the_o four_o hole_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o temple_n make_v for_o the_o hear_n ξ_n the_o bridge_n or_o partition_n of_o the_o nose_n x_o the_o first_o hole_n of_o the_o temple_n bone_n in_o his_o basis_n yy_a the_o yoke_n bone_n aa_o the_o anterior_a part_n of_o the_o four_o proper_a suture_a b_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o five_o proper_a oblique_a suture_a c_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o bridge_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o be_v like_o a_o coulter_n where_o 3_o be_v place_v d_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o second_o common_a suture_a f_o the_o first_o external_a suture_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n in_o the_o cheek_n g_o the_o first_o common_a suture_a in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o brow_n h_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o temple_n whereto_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v articulate_v two_o the_o appendix_n of_o the_o temple_n bone_n call_v styloide_v k._n the_o mammillary_a process_n of_o the_o same_o temple_n will_v the_o knub_n of_o the_o noll_n bone_n mm_o the_o sixth_o proper_a oblique_a suture_a of_o the_o scull_n nn_n the_o seven_o transuerse_v suture_a open_fw-mi a_o line_n beginning_n from_o the_o last_o name_v suture_a which_o climb_v by_o the_o temple_n and_o be_v more_o like_o a_o division_n than_o a_o line_n qq_fw-fr the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o second_o common_a suture_a of_o the_o skull_n in_o the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o nose_n r_o the_o line_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v s_o a_o the_o stony_a bone_n tv_n the_o 5_o external_a transuerse_a suture_a of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n xy_n the_o seven_o external_a right_n suture_a α_n β_n a_o bastard_n suture_a of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n in_o the_o pallate_n γ_n the_o hole_n of_o the_o ear_n â—_o the_o five_o hole_n of_o the_o temple_n near_o unto_o his_o process_n where_o you_o shall_v be_v blot_v our_o b_o a_o hole_n of_o the_o noll_n bone_n which_o be_v not_o always_o find_v e_o the_o second_o hole_n of_o the_o noll_n bone_n make_v for_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n of_o the_o sinew_n and_o for_o the_o iugular_a vein_n and_o artery_n h_n the_o first_o hole_n of_o the_o occipitium_fw-la or_o noll_n bone_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o marrow_n 3_o the_o three_o hole_n or_o the_o outgate_n of_o the_o seven_o conjugation_n â—_o λ_n two_o hole_n of_o the_o nose_n μν_fw-gr two_o hole_n in_o the_o palate_n which_o be_v account_v the_o four_o of_o the_o wedgebone_n Ï€_n five_o hole_n in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n ξ_n the_o hole_n of_o the_o four_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n in_o the_o pallate_n note_v that_o m_n v_o at_o the_o right_a side_n point_v out_o the_o cavity_n which_o the_o yoke_n bone_n make_v for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n throttle_v the_o gullet_n and_o the_o stomach_n this_o membrane_n although_o it_o compass_v the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o part_n contain_v in_o the_o chap_n yet_o be_v it_o one_o and_o continual_a and_o of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o substance_n but_o not_o always_o of_o a_o like_a thickness_n for_o in_o the_o nostril_n it_o be_v thin_a but_o in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v under_o the_o spungy_a bone_n it_o be_v thick_a and_o full_a of_o small_a hole_n through_o which_o the_o thick_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v pass_v which_o excrement_n as_o they_o descend_v do_v part_n of_o they_o pass_v into_o the_o mouth_n through_o those_o hole_n which_o be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o nostril_n thereinto_o partyssu_v at_o the_o nose_n yea_o and_o sometime_o with_o violent_a hawk_v we_o fetch_v part_n out_o of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o nostril_n into_o the_o mouth_n this_o membrane_n be_v of_o exquisite_a sense_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v irritate_v or_o provoke_v sternutation_n or_o sneeze_n will_v follow_v because_o of_o the_o consent_n it_o have_v with_o the_o chest_n whereinto_o it_o tickle_v why_o we_o sneeze_v when_o our_o nose_n be_v tickle_v insinuate_v itself_o but_o why_o be_v the_o nostril_n invest_v with_o this_o membrane_n i_o answer_v to_o hinder_v the_o growth_n of_o flesh_n in_o the_o nose_n which_o may_v make_v the_o nostril_n narrow_a as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o disease_n call_v polypus_n again_o to_o make_v the_o nostril_n more_o slippery_a that_o the_o mucous_a excrement_n may_v more_o easy_o descend_v final_o that_o they_o may_v be_v partaker_n of_o sense_n the_o use_n of_o the_o outward_a nose_n be_v first_o for_o respiration_n that_o through_o it_o as_o through_o a_o canal_n or_o pipe_n the_o air_n may_v be_v convey_v in_o to_o be_v distribute_v partly_o upward_o to_o the_o brain_n to_o recreate_v and_o refresh_v the_o animal_n spirit_n partly_o downward_o to_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o heart_n to_o refrigerate_v nose_n the_o use_n of_o the_o outward_a nose_n and_o cool_v the_o same_o this_o be_v the_o first_o and_o especial_a use_n of_o the_o outward_a nose_n for_o although_o we_o respire_v also_o by_o the_o mouth_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o mouth_n create_v for_o respiration_n because_o if_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o spongye_a bone_n or_o the_o nostril_n be_v obstruct_v so_o that_o when_o we_o sleep_v we_o draw_v in_o our_o breath_n by_o our_o mouth_n the_o tongue_n become_v rough_a and_o the_o mouth_n dry_a sometime_o also_o it_o grow_v bitter_a that_o when_o we_o wake_v we_o can_v scarce_o swallow_v our_o spittle_n by_o that_o the_o mouth_n be_v not_o make_v to_o breath_n by_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o nature_n provide_v the_o nose_n like_o a_o cover_n to_o defend_v the_o
this_o be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a bueca_n the_o puff_n of_o the_o cheek_n that_o part_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o nostril_n and_o the_o upper_a lip_n be_v call_v mystax_n the_o cavity_n which_o part_v the_o upper_a lip_n in_o two_o which_o be_v a_o impression_n therein_o like_o a_o valley_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o it_o be_v amiable_a or_o lovely_a the_o lip_n be_v call_v labra_fw-la by_o cicero_n by_z other_o labia_fw-la a_fw-fr lambendo_fw-la of_o lick_v for_o say_v archangelus_n archangelus_n archangelus_n man_n lick_v with_o their_o lip_n though_o other_o creature_n as_o dog_n and_o cat_n and_o ox_n lick_v with_o their_o tongue_n they_o be_v two_o one_o upper_a another_o low_o and_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o musculous_a extremity_n of_o the_o mouth_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 11._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o they_o occupy_v the_o very_a mouth_n homer_n also_o call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o lycophron_n in_o that_o proverb_n use_v i_o think_v in_o all_o language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d great_a destiny_n betwixt_o the_o lip_n and_o the_o sip_n lycophron_n a_o proverb_n out_o of_o lycophron_n cause_v strange_a chance_n often_o to_o slip_v the_o utmost_a and_o prominent_a part_n of_o the_o lip_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d prolabra_fw-la by_o ruffus_n and_o those_o part_n that_o meet_v and_o look_v red_a than_o the_o rest_n because_o of_o the_o affluence_n of_o blood_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o pollux_n and_o ruffus_n the_o hole_n which_o the_o two_o lip_n make_v when_o they_o be_v divide_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d os_fw-mi the_o mouth_n final_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o face_n under_o the_o nether_a lip_n which_o grow_v sharp_a be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o xenophon_n by_o cicero_n mentum_fw-la a_o memorando_fw-la because_o it_o shall_v seem_v there_o be_v some_o use_n of_o it_o when_o we_o desire_v to_o remember_v any_o thing_n no_o creature_n say_v pliny_n have_v a_o chin_n but_o man_n which_o if_o it_o be_v round_o according_a to_o pythagoras_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o effeminate_a mind_n the_o doke_n or_o dimple_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o chin_n and_o a_o great_a ornament_n too_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o nymph_n the_o very_a sharp_a point_n of_o the_o chin_n bear_v out_o in_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o flesh_n under_o the_o chin_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a buccula_fw-la we_o call_v it_o a_o double_a chin_n to_o conclude_v the_o hair_n that_o break_v out_o in_o the_o cheek_n the_o lip_n and_o the_o chin_n make_v the_o beard_n of_o all_o which_o part_n we_o may_v discourse_v at_o large_a out_o of_o our_o author_n but_o that_o we_o have_v to_o that_o which_o be_v more_o profitable_a chap._n xxx_o of_o the_o mouth_n palate_n and_o vuula_n that_o which_o be_v in_o greek_a call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a os_fw-la we_o call_v the_o mouth_n comprehend_v under_o that_o appellation_n not_o only_o the_o cleft_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o open_n mouth_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o lip_n but_o also_o all_o that_o void_a cavity_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o lip_n and_o the_o root_n of_o the_o chop_n which_o be_v call_v fauces_fw-la it_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o fore_n and_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o face_n that_o the_o hand_n may_v equal_o reach_v the_o meat_n on_o either_o side_n unto_o it_o it_o be_v also_o immediate_o under_o the_o nostril_n that_o not_o only_o the_o sapour_n or_o taste_n of_o our_o meat_n may_v be_v offer_v to_o the_o mouth_n but_o the_o savour_v &_o smell_v or_o odour_n to_o the_o nostril_n situation_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n for_o it_o be_v fit_a both_o the_o sense_n shall_v judge_v of_o that_o we_o put_v into_o our_o belly_n the_o part_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o be_v those_o whereof_o the_o mouth_n be_v make_v other_o such_o as_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o mouth_n the_o part_n whereof_o the_o mouth_n be_v make_v fleshy_a the_o part_n of_o the_o mouth_n the_o fleshy_a be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o fleshy_a other_o bony_a the_o fleshy_a part_n be_v the_o lip_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o puff_n of_o the_o cheek_n of_o the_o lip_n and_o of_o the_o low_a jaw_n for_o on_o the_o foreside_n the_o mouth_n be_v compass_v with_o the_o lip_n as_o well_o to_o shut_v up_o the_o mouth_n when_o we_o will_v as_o also_o the_o better_a to_o sup_v liquid_a thing_n on_o each_o side_n be_v the_o puff_n of_o the_o cheek_n swell_v out_o these_o part_n be_v cover_v with_o the_o skin_n have_v fat_a under_o it_o which_o skin_n in_o the_o midst_n be_v slitte_v overthwart_o like_o the_o eye-lidde_n to_o give_v way_n for_o the_o reviue_n of_o aliment_n the_o bone_n be_v the_o upper_a and_o the_o nether_a jaw_n with_o the_o tooth_n fix_v into_o they_o both_o all_o these_o part_n as_o also_o the_o whole_a inward_a capacity_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v compass_v with_o a_o thick_a bone_n the_o bone_n membrane_n which_o in_o the_o palate_n be_v somewhat_o rugous_a sprede_v over_o the_o gum_n cover_v pallate_n the_o pallate_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o lip_n and_o be_v reduplicate_v make_v the_o vuula_n the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v double_a first_o to_o give_v way_n for_o the_o assumption_n of_o meat_n mouth_n the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o drink_n and_o that_o in_o the_o mouth_n they_o may_v be_v taste_v for_o the_o taste_n be_v apprehensive_a of_o that_o quality_n of_o the_o meat_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o our_o nourishment_n wherefore_o in_o the_o very_a ingress_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v the_o tongue_n place_v which_o be_v the_o proper_a instrument_n of_o the_o taste_n that_o nothing_o may_v be_v admit_v into_o the_o mouth_n which_o do_v not_o fire-drake_n his_o quality_n manifest_a by_o the_o contaction_n of_o the_o tongue_n again_o to_o break_v the_o aliment_n and_o to_o shred_v and_o mingle_v it_o before_o it_o be_v swallow_v that_o it_o may_v go_v prepare_v into_o the_o stomach_n the_o second_o principal_a use_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v for_o respiration_n that_o when_o the_o nose_n be_v stop_v the_o air_n may_v yet_o be_v transport_v some_o of_o it_o upward_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o nostril_n some_o of_o it_o downward_o to_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o expurgation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n especial_o for_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o voice_n for_o we_o speak_v out_o of_o our_o mouth_n the_o secundary_a or_o less_o principal_a use_n of_o the_o mouth_n be_v that_o through_o it_o by_o hawk_v we_o mouth_n the_o secondaly_a use_n of_o the_o mouth_n may_v avoid_v the_o excrement_n of_o the_o head_n by_o cough_n the_o excrement_n of_o the_o chest_n and_o the_o lung_n and_o sometime_o also_o by_o vomit_v those_o of_o the_o stomach_n the_o muscle_n common_a to_o the_o puff_n of_o the_o cheek_n and_o the_o lip_n be_v four_o twoe_o on_o muscle_n the_o common_a muscle_n each_o side_n the_o one_o call_v quadratus_n or_o the_o square_a muscle_n the_o other_o buccinator_n or_o the_o trumpeter_n and_o these_o muscle_n beside_o the_o use_n they_o have_v in_o beast_n do_v in_o man_n help_v the_o speech_n especial_o the_o sound_a of_o a_o trumpet_n or_o wind_v of_o a_o horn_n or_o cornet_n the_o lip_n which_o cover_v the_o mouth_n be_v two_o one_o above_o another_o below_o who_o substance_n lip_n the_o lip_n faith_n galen_n in_o his_o 4._o book_n de_fw-fr anatom_n administrat_fw-la and_o the_o three_o chapter_n be_v fleshy_a fungous_a and_o moovable_a and_o that_o after_o a_o uncouth_a manner_n for_o the_o skin_n and_o the_o muscle_n be_v throughout_o exact_o mingle_v together_o so_o that_o galen_n in_o the_o 11._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o 15._o chapter_n call_v the_o conformation_n of_o their_o substance_n a_o musculous_a skin_n or_o a_o skinny_a muscle_n table_n 7._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o forehead_n the_o eyelid_n and_o the_o cheek_n figure_n 2._o show_v the_o muscle_n of_o the_o nose_n lip_n the_o low_a jaw_n and_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n tabula_fw-la xiii_o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o these_o office_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o muscle_n some_o of_o which_o be_v common_a with_o they_o and_o the_o puff_n of_o the_o cheek_n of_o which_o we_o have_v make_v mention_n before_o li_n the_o proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o li_n other_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o lip_n
mind_n with_o so_o artificial_a a_o pencil_n that_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o second_o soul_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v more_o do_v not_o galen_n himself_o so_o high_o extol_v this_o organ_n that_o he_o think_v the_o brain_n be_v only_o frame_v eye_n the_o brain_n be_v make_v for_o the_o eye_n for_o their_o sake_n a_o part_n so_o necessary_a and_o excellent_a that_o it_o make_v we_o very_o much_o resemble_v the_o very_a divine_a nature_n and_o do_v he_o not_o moreover_o write_v that_o the_o whole_a head_n have_v the_o high_a place_n in_o the_o body_n only_o because_o of_o the_o eye_n a_o commendation_n doubtless_o wonderful_a yet_o not_o more_o admirable_a than_o competent_a &_o worthy_o deserve_v for_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a and_o profound_a knowledge_n he_o consider_v world_n that_o it_o be_v a_o little_a world_n that_o the_o eye_n be_v the_o true_a microcosm_n or_o little_a world_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o exact_a roundness_n and_o revolution_n wherein_o beside_o the_o membrane_n which_o i_o dare_v bold_o call_v the_o seven_o sphere_n of_o heaven_n there_o be_v also_o the_o four_o element_n find_v eye_n the_o four_o element_n in_o the_o eye_n that_o fire_n be_v there_o we_o will_v prove_v in_o a_o convenient_a time_n and_o place_n that_o there_o be_v air_n who_o will_v deny_v which_o understand_v with_o what_o plenty_n of_o spirit_n they_o do_v abound_v as_o for_o water_n who_o do_v not_o see_v it_o in_o the_o eye_n do_v prove_v himself_o more_o blind_a than_o a_o beetle_n all_o the_o other_o part_n we_o will_v liken_v to_o the_o earth_n if_o you_o look_v upon_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n shall_v not_o you_o see_v shine_a star_n yea_o rather_o a_o eye_n the_o apple_n &_o rainbow_n of_o the_o eye_n beam_a sun_n wherefore_o thou_o may_v not_o unfit_o call_v the_o eye_n with_o the_o poet_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o gate_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v you_o not_o perceive_v here_o the_o diverse-coloured_n rainbow_n frame_v with_o a_o sevenfold_a circle_n shall_v you_o not_o also_o observe_v hail_n and_o infinite_a other_o thing_n which_o do_v most_o full_o declare_v the_o excellency_n of_o this_o sense_n by_o themselves_o without_o any_o additament_n of_o our_o oration_n agellius_n agellius_n but_o see_v as_o agellius_n say_v it_o be_v more_o blame-worthy_a to_o praise_v a_o thing_n slight_o &_o coldlie_o then_o earnest_o to_o dispraise_v it_o lest_o we_o shall_v seem_v to_o prejudice_n the_o worth_n of_o so_o excellent_a work_n of_o nature_n we_o will_v here_o make_v stay_n and_o address_v the_o small_a portion_n of_o our_o capacity_n unto_o a_o more_o abstruse_a contemplation_n concern_v the_o nature_n manner_n number_n order_n medium_fw-la object_n and_o organ_n of_o all_o the_o sense_n in_o general_n afterward_o we_o will_v descend_v unto_o particular_n qvest._n i._n what_o sense_n be_v have_v by_o way_n of_o praeface_n set_v forth_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o sense_n we_o be_v to_o proceed_v unto_o a_o more_o full_a discourse_n of_o they_o which_o that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o accomplish_v before_o we_o assay_v their_o particular_a handle_n we_o will_v take_v a_o taste_n of_o they_o in_o general_a which_o may_v aristotle_n the_o definition_n of_o sense_n by_o aristotle_n make_v way_n to_o the_o particular_n and_o may_v serve_v instead_o of_o a_o preamble_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o reader_n first_o of_o all_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v what_o sense_n be_v aristotle_n in_o the_o 2._o de_fw-fr anima_fw-la text_n 12._o say_v that_o sense_n be_v that_o which_o can_v receive_v sensible_a form_n without_o any_o matter_n but_o he_o seem_v to_o define_v sense_n in_o potentia_fw-la only_a or_o power_n which_o haply_o he_o will_v insinuate_v by_o the_o word_n potest_fw-la or_o can_v especial_o because_o this_o can_v be_v a_o true_a definition_n of_o sense_n as_o it_o do_v indeed_o and_o real_o perceive_v for_o a_o glass_n also_o do_v receive_v grammaticus_n john_n grammaticus_n sensible_a form_n without_o any_o material_a substance_n &_o yet_o that_o perception_n be_v no_o sense_n whence_o johan._n grami_n upon_o the_o 127_o text_n of_o the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la say_v to_o be_v able_a to_o perceive_v be_v not_o only_o to_o receive_v species_n or_o form_n without_o the_o matter_n but_o there_o be_v also_o requisite_a a_o animal_n faculty_n which_o be_v not_o in_o all_o thing_n that_o receive_v the_o form_n of_o sensible_a thing_n without_o aphrodis_fw-la alex._n aphrodis_fw-la the_o matter_n as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v even_o as_o it_o be_v in_o glass_n but_o the_o philosopher_n will_v show_v what_o manner_n of_o perception_n be_v necessary_a to_o sense_n that_o it_o have_v the_o act_n of_o perception_n and_o how_o the_o object_n ought_v to_o be_v dispose_v except_o by_o the_o word_n perceive_v he_o understand_v discern_v which_o philosopher_n do_v sometime_o promiscuous_o use_v as_o we_o may_v gather_v out_o of_o alexander_n aphrodisaeus_n who_o upon_o the_o 3._o book_n of_o the_o metaphysic_n say_v that_o sense_n be_v a_o apprehension_n or_o discern_v of_o present_a sensible_a thing_n which_o be_v without_o the_o sensorium_n or_o organ_n and_o this_o be_v sense_n in_o deed_n and_o act_n for_o we_o definition_n simplicius_n definition_n be_v then_o say_v to_o perceive_v when_o we_o discern_v the_o object_n which_o simplicius_n upon_o the_o 155._o text_n of_o the_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la have_v well_o note_v define_v sense_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v or_o discern_v stir_v uppe_o in_o the_o organ_n first_o receyve_v his_o act_n from_o the_o sensible_a object_n so_o that_o aristotle_n by_o receyve_v understand_v nothing_o but_o the_o knowledge_n or_o discern_v of_o the_o object_n and_o the_o same_o definition_n he_o do_v accurate_o and_o distinct_o declare_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n and_o 138_o text_n of_o the_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o everte_a sense_n do_v receive_v the_o sensible_a object_n without_o any_o matter_n and_o therefore_o the_o object_n be_v remoove_v there_o be_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n sensation_n and_o imagination_n what_o can_v be_v more_o evident_a for_o how_o can_v the_o sense_n of_o that_o object_n remain_v in_o the_o organ_n when_o obâ—ect_n all_o sense_n be_v make_v with_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o obâ—ect_n the_o object_n be_v set_v aside_o if_o it_o shall_v only_o receive_v it_o without_o any_o act_n of_o discern_v be_v we_o not_o teach_v the_o contrary_a in_o glass_n which_o because_o they_o only_o receive_v but_o know_v or_o discern_v nothing_o therefore_o present_o as_o the_o object_n be_v remoove_v they_o lose_v the_o image_n we_o will_v therefore_o out_o of_o this_o which_o have_v be_v say_v gather_v a_o most_o clear_a and_o absolute_a definition_n of_o sense_n on_o this_o manner_n that_o sense_n be_v a_o knowledge_n or_o discern_v of_o the_o object_n receive_v formal_o in_o the_o organ_n quest_n ii_o what_o action_n be_v and_o how_o action_n and_o use_n do_v differ_v averrhoe_n very_o worthy_o say_v in_o the_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o the_o 51._o text_n that_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a consideration_n of_o sense_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v to_o be_v account_v amongst_o the_o active_a or_o passive_a virtue_n or_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n that_o be_v whether_o it_o be_v accomplish_v by_o action_n or_o passion_n for_o he_o which_o be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o can_v never_o attain_v to_o the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o sensation_n consider_v therefore_o of_o this_o matter_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o auerrhoe_n i_o have_v here_o determine_v for_o the_o more_o evident_a clear_n of_o this_o question_n to_o declare_v what_o action_n be_v and_o also_o what_o passion_n be_v action_n therefore_o which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v a_o certain_a active_a motion_n proceed_v be_v what_o action_n be_v from_o any_o thing_n fit_a for_o action_n for_o the_o obtain_n of_o some_o thing_n it_o be_v call_v a_o active_a motion_n by_o galen_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o 17_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n and_o that_o not_o without_o good_a reason_n see_v that_o there_o be_v as_o well_o a_o active_a motion_n as_o a_o passive_a motion_n many_o call_v that_o a_o active_a motion_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o proper_a nature_n of_o motion_n why_o action_n be_v call_v a_o active_a motion_n the_o thing_n and_o of_o itself_o alone_o and_o that_o passive_a which_o be_v cause_v by_o some_o external_a agent_n as_o for_o example_n the_o walk_v of_o a_o creature_n be_v a_o active_a motion_n in_o regard_n that_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o proper_a &_o internal_a faculty_n of_o the_o creature_n but_o the_o cast_n of_o a_o stone_n upward_o be_v what_o active_a
sensili_fw-la where_o he_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v therefore_o call_v common_a object_n because_o they_o be_v common_a though_o not_o to_o all_o the_o sense_n yet_o at_o least_o to_o the_o sight_n and_o touch_v for_o by_o these_o two_o be_v all_o thing_n perceive_v though_o not_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o their_o proper_a object_n to_o wit_n by_o send_v a_o species_n from_o they_o or_o by_o attain_v real_o to_o the_o organ_n but_o as_o it_o sense_n when_o the_o common_a object_n move_v the_o sense_n be_v certain_a manner_n and_o condition_n join_v with_o the_o proper_a object_n in_o order_n unto_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sense_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o absolute_o and_o primary_o move_v and_o affect_v the_o sense_n but_o only_o together_o with_o their_o proper_a object_n and_o because_o the_o second_o do_v not_o work_v without_o the_o first_o therefore_o the_o common_a object_n be_v not_o perceive_v by_o the_o external_a sense_n without_o the_o proper_a and_o these_o common_a object_n be_v five_o in_o number_n according_a to_o aristotle_n motion_n rest_v figure_n magnitude_n and_o number_n qvest._n xxi_o of_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n as_o aristotle_n witness_v in_o the_o 122._o text_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la be_v that_o wherein_o the_o power_n and_o force_v of_o perceive_v be_v what_o a_o organ_n be_v be_v seat_v and_o this_o instrument_n be_v the_o eye_n in_o the_o sight_n in_o the_o hear_n the_o ear_n in_o the_o smell_a the_o nostril_n in_o the_o taste_n the_o tongue_n and_o for_o the_o touch_n though_o all_o the_o skin_n yet_o especial_o that_o of_o the_o hand_n but_o yet_o the_o virtue_n or_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n do_v not_o reside_v in_o the_o whole_a organ_n but_o in_o some_o certain_a similar_v particle_n of_o which_o kind_n be_v the_o cristaline_a humour_n in_o the_o eye_n the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v dilate_v in_o the_o ear_n the_o mamillary_a process_n in_o the_o smell_n the_o proper_a flesh_n or_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n in_o the_o taste_n and_o in_o the_o touch_v the_o true_a skin_n the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o organ_n assist_v this_o particle_n keep_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o tune_n or_o preserve_v the_o harmony_n thereof_o from_o the_o offence_n and_o incursion_n of_o outward_a injury_n for_o otherwise_o this_o sweet_a music_n consent_n and_o proportion_n will_v by_o the_o over-vehement_a force_n and_o change_v wrought_v by_o excessive_a object_n be_v destroy_v which_o concordance_n be_v break_v there_o can_v be_v no_o sensation_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o sense_n in_o general_a we_o will_v entreat_v more_o at_o large_a of_o the_o particular_a sense_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n where_o also_o we_o will_v note_v some_o thing_n concern_v their_o organ_n which_o will_v be_v worthy_a your_o observation_n and_o first_o of_o the_o sight_n according_a to_o the_o order_n we_o before_o observe_v in_o our_o anatomicall_a history_n qvest._n xxii_o whether_o sight_n be_v make_v by_o emission_n or_o reception_n where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sight_n be_v accurate_o explain_v our_o particular_a controversy_n concern_v the_o sight_n shall_v begin_v with_o that_o notable_a question_n concern_v the_o nature_n &_o manner_n of_o vision_n or_o sight_n which_o be_v indeed_o rather_o philosophical_a then_o belong_v to_o the_o art_n of_o anatomy_n notwithstanding_o because_o galen_n have_v elegant_o ventilate_v it_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la &_o de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hip._n et_fw-fr plat._n it_o shall_v not_o be_v altogether_o impertinent_a to_o insert_v some_o collection_n in_o this_o place_n which_o yet_o we_o must_v fetch_v out_o of_o the_o secret_a mystery_n of_o philosophy_n there_o be_v three_o especial_a or_o most_o notable_a opinion_n of_o the_o philosopher_n concern_v sight_n three_o different_a opinion_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o sight_n the_o manner_n of_o sight_n some_o think_v it_o be_v make_v only_o by_o emission_n of_o something_o out_o of_o the_o eye_n other_o only_o by_o intromission_n or_o reception_n of_o something_o into_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o three_o sort_n contend_v that_o it_o be_v make_v partly_o by_o emission_n partly_o by_o reception_n or_o intromission_n of_o the_o first_o sect_n there_o be_v diverse_a author_n but_o all_o of_o they_o disagree_v among_o themselves_o the_o master_n of_o the_o optic_n think_v that_o certain_a beam_n do_v issue_n from_o the_o eye_n and_o reach_n unto_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o figure_n of_o which_o beam_n they_o conceive_v to_o be_v pyramidal_a pythagoras_n the_o first_o opinion_n of_o emission_n the_o master_n of_o the_o optic_a arts._n pythagoras_n the_o cone_n or_o point_n whereof_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n the_o basis_n in_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v pythagoras_n thought_n that_o sight_n be_v make_v by_o a_o emission_n of_o light_n out_o of_o the_o eye_n unto_o the_o object_n which_o light_n be_v reflect_v again_o unto_o the_o eye_n even_o as_o a_o hand-bal_n strike_v against_o a_o wall_n do_v rebound_v back_o from_o the_o wall_n unto_o the_o hand_n with_o a_o equal_a force_n empedocles_n hypocrates_n and_o niceus_n think_v that_o sight_n be_v make_v not_o by_o emission_n of_o light_n empedocles_n empedocles_n only_o but_o of_o beam_n also_o plato_n think_v that_o the_o eye_n send_v not_o any_o beam_n forth_o of_o it_o but_o only_a light_n and_o that_o it_o also_o reach_v not_o unto_o the_o thing_n see_v but_o unto_o a_o certain_a or_o proportionable_a space_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la democritus_n lucipp_n and_o the_o arhenian_a epicurus_n conceive_v that_o certain_a image_n or_o form_n do_v flow_v from_o all_o thing_n through_o the_o mote_n which_o be_v in_o the_o air_n chrysippus_n and_o the_o whole_a school_n of_o the_o stoic_n think_v that_o a_o certain_a spirit_n chrysippus_n democritus_n chrysippus_n spirit_n ascend_v from_o the_o heart_n unto_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o spirit_n be_v extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o object_n and_o these_o be_v the_o different_a conceit_n of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o first_o opinion_n whereby_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o some_o thing_n be_v send_v out_o of_o the_o eye_n unto_o the_o visible_a object_n which_o opinion_n the_o platonist_n confirm_v by_o these_o reason_n argument_n the_o platonist_n argument_n first_o they_o say_v that_o witch_n do_v falcinate_v or_o bewitch_v only_o by_o behold_v one_o with_o their_o eye_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o poet_n say_v nescio_fw-la quis_fw-la teneros_fw-la oculus_fw-la mihi_fw-la fascinat_fw-la agnos_fw-la i_o wot_v not_o well_o what_o witch_a eye_n my_o tender_a lamb_n have_v do_v to_o die_v second_o they_o say_v that_o a_o basilisk_n do_v infect_v a_o man_n only_o by_o see_v he_o three_o that_o a_o menstruous_a woman_n do_v infect_v a_o look_a glass_n as_o it_o be_v with_o some_o material_a corruption_n four_o that_o if_o a_o wolf_n behold_v a_o man_n he_o will_v become_v hoarse_a five_o that_o tiberius_n caesar_n be_v report_v to_o have_v astonish_v a_o soldier_n only_o by_o cast_v his_o eye_n upon_o he_o six_o that_o antipho_n as_o aristotle_n report_v in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o his_o meteor_n have_v his_o own_o image_n evermore_o before_o his_o eye_n seventh_o if_o we_o do_v not_o see_v by_o emission_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o we_o will_v see_v more_o exact_o we_o draw_v the_o apple_n of_o our_o eye_n into_o as_o narrow_a a_o room_n as_o we_o can_v be_v it_o not_o to_o this_o end_n that_o the_o beam_n and_o spirit_n go_v out_o of_o our_o eye_n may_v be_v more_o unite_v eight_o if_o no_o thing_n be_v send_v forth_o of_o the_o eye_n how_o can_v the_o eye_n be_v so_o weary_a with_o continual_a look_v nine_o if_o vision_n be_v make_v by_o reception_n and_o not_o by_o emission_n we_o need_v not_o to_o convert_v our_o eye_n direct_o to_o the_o visible_a object_n for_o we_o shall_v see_v whether_o we_o behold_v the_o thing_n or_o no._n ten_o we_o can_v not_o see_v the_o magnitude_n or_o figure_n of_o many_o thing_n for_o the_o eye_n be_v so_o little_a a_o body_n can_v receive_v such_o great_a object_n into_o itself_o elevent_o if_o it_o be_v by_o reception_n then_o will_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o more_o we_o dilate_a the_o apple_n of_o our_o eye_n the_o better_a we_o shall_v see_v because_o our_o reception_n will_v be_v large_a twelft_o diverse_a or_o contrary_a species_n or_o form_n will_v together_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o same_o eye_n because_o at_o once_o it_o do_v behold_v two_o contrary_a object_n as_o black_a and_o white_a last_o the_o least_o thing_n shall_v be_v as_o easy_o perceive_v as_o the_o great_a the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v manifest_a for_o the_o sharp_a point_n of_o a_o needle_n hold_v
to_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n they_o be_v not_o stiff_o yet_o this_o be_v not_o because_o they_o be_v fiery_a but_o as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o his_o problem_n because_o they_o be_v environ_v with_o abundance_n of_o fat_a which_o fat_a though_o it_o stiff_a why_o not_o stiff_a have_v for_o his_o efficient_a cause_n a_o defect_n or_o weakness_n of_o heat_n yet_o not_o withstand_v by_o his_o reflection_n it_o do_v augment_v the_o heat_n and_o by_o his_o sliminesse_n do_v hinder_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o air_n which_o beat_v upon_o they_o to_o these_o we_o join_v the_o plenty_n of_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o eye_n qvest._n xxv_o wherefore_o the_o eye_n be_v diverse_o colour_v aristotle_n in_o the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d omne_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d every_o organ_n must_v be_v devoyde_a of_o any_o quality_n lest_o all_o thing_n shall_v savour_n of_o that_o same_o quality_n which_o be_v in_o the_o organ_n but_o the_o eye_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o sight_n they_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v colour_v for_o if_o they_o be_v all_o thing_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n for_o all_o thing_n appear_v red_a to_o those_o that_o labour_n of_o a_o inflammation_n of_o the_o eye_n or_o have_v the_o blood_n collect_v in_o they_o by_o a_o blow_n or_o stripe_n or_o otherwise_o in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o jaundice_n because_o their_o eye_n be_v colour_v with_o yellow_a choler_n do_v see_v all_o thing_n as_o if_o they_o be_v yellow_a on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o eye_n be_v colour_v even_o our_o own_o sense_n do_v teach_v we_o for_o some_o man_n be_v walleyed_n some_o man_n eye_n black_a some_o man_n sky-coloured_a and_o other_o greenish_a and_o so_o in_o the_o rest_n we_o answer_v according_a to_o aristotle_n that_o the_o name_n of_o colour_n be_v sometime_o colour_n a_o double_a acceptation_n of_o colour_n use_v more_o large_o sometime_o more_o strict_o in_o this_o large_a signification_n all_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v see_v be_v say_v to_o be_v colour_v so_o translucent_a thing_n though_o that_o can_v limit_v or_o determine_v the_o sight_n yet_o be_v they_o colour_v aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n of_o colour_n call_v the_o air_n white_a and_o the_o fire_n red_a but_o there_o be_v another_o acception_n of_o colour_n more_o strict_a whereby_o it_o be_v define_v thus_o a_o colour_n be_v the_o extremity_n of_o a_o terminate_v pellucide_n body_n in_o the_o first_o signification_n the_o whole_a eye_n be_v colour_v all_o his_o part_n be_v colour_v because_o they_o be_v aspectible_a and_o may_v be_v see_v but_o in_o the_o latter_a signification_n only_o the_o coniunctive_a colour_v how_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v colour_v and_o grapy_a coat_n be_v true_o colour_v for_o the_o adnata_fw-la be_v white_a the_o grapy_n be_v diverse_o colour_v black_a blue_a and_o grass-green_a to_o recollect_v the_o spirit_n that_o be_v before_o dissipate_v or_o disperse_v that_o it_o may_v break_v the_o splendour_n of_o the_o externallight_n and_o that_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v refresh_v with_o that_o colour_n as_o with_o a_o looking-glass_n but_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o vision_n which_o receive_v the_o species_n of_o visible_a thing_n and_o be_v change_v by_o the_o colour_n be_v not_o at_o all_o colour_a but_o bright_a and_o lucide_n only_o now_o light_a and_o perspicuity_n or_o nature_n common_a to_o all_o visible_a species_n which_o help_v the_o reception_n of_o these_o species_n aristotle_n have_v observe_v in_o lib._n 5._o chap._n 1._o de_fw-la generate_fw-la animal_n which_o also_o pliny_n repeat_v in_o lib._n 2._o cap._n â—7_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n that_o only_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o man_n be_v of_o manifold_a &_o diverse_a colour_n in_o other_o creature_n the_o eye_n be_v all_o alike_o according_a to_o their_o kind_n so_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o ox_n be_v black_a the_o eye_n of_o sheep_n watery_a of_o other_o creature_n red_a except_v a_o horse_n which_o be_v sometime_o wall_n eye_v but_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o man_n be_v diverse_o colour_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n some_o be_v extreme_a some_o of_o a_o middle_a nature_n the_o extreme_a colour_n be_v according_a to_o aristotle_n galen_n and_o avicen_n two_o namely_o the_o whitish_a or_o wall_n colour_n eye_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o black_a this_o wall-colour_n be_v somewhat_o whitish_a and_o aristotle_n in_o his_o 5._o book_n de_fw-la gener_fw-la animal_n and_o galen_n cap._n 27._o artis_fw-la paruae_fw-la seem_v to_o oppose_v this_o wall-colour_n to_o black_a this_o caesius_n or_o wall-coloured_n the_o grecian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o a_o night-owle_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d who_o eye_n shine_v with_o a_o greenish_a whiteness_n some_o do_v confound_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o yet_o they_o be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v for_o though_o either_o colour_n do_v somewhat_o tend_v to_o green_a yet_o this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o wal-coloured_n do_v approach_n near_o to_o white_a &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o tawny_a unto_o red._n aristotle_n in_o his_o physiognomy_n of_o the_o eye_n affirm_v this_o wall-colour_n in_o the_o eye_n to_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o fearful_a man_n but_o this_o tawny_a colour_n of_o a_o bold_a and_o stout_a courage_n therefore_o the_o eye_n of_o lion_n and_o eagle_n be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o tawny_a but_o the_o eye_n of_o old_a man_n and_o child_n to_o be_v wall_n colour_v either_o colour_n do_v shine_v but_o that_o brightness_n which_o be_v in_o wall_n eye_n be_v more_o white_a like_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o scale_n of_o fish_n in_o tawny_a eye_n the_o splendour_n be_v fiery_a as_o it_o be_v in_o burn_a coal_n the_o intermediate_v or_o mix_v colour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v diverse_a according_a to_o the_o diverse_a mixture_n of_o the_o extreme_n concern_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n of_o colour_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n according_a empedocles_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o colour_n empedocles_n to_o the_o diversity_n of_o man_n empedocles_n compose_v the_o eye_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n wherefore_o he_o suppose_v that_o the_o wall-colour_n proceed_v from_o the_o predominance_n of_o the_o fire_n &_o the_o black_a from_o the_o abundance_n of_o water_n aristotle_n in_o his_o five_o book_n degeneratione_n animalium_fw-la refer_v the_o cause_n of_o these_o colour_n unto_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o humour_n which_o he_o do_v illustrate_v by_o this_o example_n of_o air_n and_o water_n for_o say_v he_o if_o we_o look_v into_o a_o deep_a water_n or_o into_o thick_a air_n they_o will_v both_o seem_v aristotle_n aristotle_n black_a and_o obscure_a but_o if_o either_o of_o they_o be_v rare_a and_o thin_a the_o colour_n will_v appear_v tawny_a and_o splendent_a the_o blackness_n therefore_o of_o the_o eye_n be_v from_o the_o plenty_n and_o abundance_n of_o humour_n the_o wall_n eye_n be_v from_o the_o paucity_n and_o scarsenesse_n auerrhoe_n think_v that_o the_o whiteness_n of_o the_o eye_n proceed_v from_o coldness_n because_o auerrhoe_n auerrhoe_n for_o the_o most_o part_n all_o white_a thing_n be_v cold_a as_o the_o brain_n the_o fat_a the_o marrow_n the_o bone_n the_o membrane_n and_o blackness_n from_o heat_n galen_n in_o the_o 27_o chapter_n artis_fw-la paruae_fw-la refer_v the_o cause_n of_o colour_n unto_o the_o plenty_n splendour_n opinion_n galens_n opinion_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o crystalline_a and_o watery_a humour_n for_o say_v he_o a_o wall_n eye_n come_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o plenty_n or_o splendour_n of_o the_o crystalline_a or_o because_o of_o the_o prominent_a &_o bunch_v situation_n and_o also_o the_o paucity_n and_o purity_n of_o the_o thin_a and_o watery_a humour_n but_o a_o black_a eye_n come_v either_o from_o the_o scarcity_n of_o the_o crystalline_a or_o from_o the_o over-deepe_a situation_n of_o it_o or_o because_o it_o be_v not_o exquisite_o splendid_a and_o clear_a or_o because_o the_o watery_a humour_n be_v too_o abundant_a and_o yet_o not_o altogether_o pure_a thus_o far_o galen_n avicen_n refer_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o colour_n unto_o the_o grapie_a coat_n which_o as_o opinion_n auicens_fw-la opinion_n it_o be_v diverse_o colour_a itself_o so_o it_o do_v produce_v diverse_a colour_n in_o the_o eye_n a_o black_a coat_n cause_v black_a colour_n as_o a_o bluish_a coat_n a_o colour_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o his_o opinion_n do_v vesalius_n follow_v but_o to_o the_o end_n that_o we_o may_v reconcile_v the_o different_a opinion_n of_o so_o grave_a author_n we_o do_v acknowledge_v
three_o cause_n of_o this_o variety_n the_o humour_n the_o coat_n and_o the_o spirit_n the_o humour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v three_o first_o the_o watery_a second_o the_o crystalline_a three_o the_o glassy_a this_o last_o because_o it_o can_v be_v perceive_v and_o be_v place_v in_o the_o hindmost_a part_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v humour_n the_o first_o cause_n refer_v to_o the_o humour_n confer_v nothing_o or_o very_o little_a unto_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n but_o this_o virtue_n of_o alteration_n and_o change_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o eye_n depend_v most_o upon_o the_o watery_a and_o glassy_a or_o crystal_n humour_n in_o these_o humour_n also_o three_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v their_o substance_n quantity_n &_o situation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o substance_n i_o understand_v the_o purity_n or_o impurity_n the_o splendour_n darkness_n tewity_n and_o density_n the_o quantity_n do_v note_v the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o the_o observe_v in_o humour_n 3_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v humour_n the_o site_n be_v either_o more_o hollow_a and_o profound_a or_o more_o prominent_a and_o bear_v out_o there_o be_v therefore_o three_o cause_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o crystalline_a of_o a_o wally_n and_o white_a colour_n in_o the_o eye_n first_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o crystalline_a second_o the_o purity_n and_o splendour_n thereof_o and_o his_o prominent_a situation_n for_o so_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n by_o his_o own_o &_o proper_a brightness_n illuminate_v the_o watery_a humour_n and_o the_o whole_a eye_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o watery_a humour_n there_o be_v two_o cause_n of_o this_o wallinesse_n the_o splendour_n and_o the_o paucity_n or_o scarcity_n of_o it_o for_o a_o small_a and_o pure_a watery_a humour_n do_v less_o hinder_v the_o fulgour_fw-la or_o brightness_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n the_o cause_n of_o blackness_n be_v quite_o contrary_a as_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o cristaline_a the_o paucity_n or_o smallness_n of_o it_o his_o impurity_n and_o deep_a situation_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o watery_a the_o impurity_n blackness_n the_o cause_n of_o blackness_n and_o plenty_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o but_o haply_o that_o which_o aristotle_n write_v in_o the_o 14_o problem_n and_o the_o 14._o section_n may_v seem_v to_o contradict_v our_o assertion_n where_o he_o say_v the_o ethyopian_o have_v black_a eye_n and_o those_o that_o inhabit_v the_o north_n white_a but_o in_o the_o ethyopian_o objection_n objection_n there_o be_v less_o plenty_n of_o the_o watery_a humour_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o ambient_fw-la air_n exicate_v or_o dry_v up_o all_o thing_n in_o those_o of_o the_o north_n it_o be_v more_o abundant_a i_o answer_v that_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o ethiopian_n be_v black_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o paucity_n of_o their_o visive_a spirit_n for_o they_o be_v resolve_v and_o dissipate_v by_o the_o heat_n whereby_o it_o happen_v that_o solution_n solution_n the_o light_n of_o the_o spirit_n fail_v the_o eye_n appear_v as_o it_o be_v dark_a or_o overshadow_a but_o the_o northern_a people_n do_v abound_v with_o many_o spirit_n the_o intermediate_v colour_n do_v depend_v upon_o intermediate_v cause_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n in_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o coat_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v vueam_n or_o the_o grapy_a coat_n for_o this_o only_a because_o it_o be_v diverse_o colour_v colour_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n cause_v a_o variegated_a or_o diverse_a colour_a eye_n so_o in_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o they_o call_v the_o iris_n or_o rainbow_n diverse_a colour_n do_v appear_v because_o in_o that_o part_n the_o grapy_a coat_n be_v diverse_a colour_v last_o we_o think_v that_o the_o visive_a spirit_n do_v also_o confer_v something_o to_o the_o variety_n of_o these_o colour_n for_o thin_a pure_a clear_a and_o copious_a spirit_n cause_n whiteness_n but_o crass_a 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tonicum_fw-la or_o a_o set_a motion_n and_o it_o be_v twofold_a the_o one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o according_a to_o nature_n when_o the_o fibre_n of_o all_o the_o muscle_n be_v equal_o intend_v or_o stretch_v so_o that_o the_o muscle_n seem_v then_o to_o be_v at_o rest_n the_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d beside_o nature_n when_o the_o eye_n remain_v fix_v &_o immovable_a whether_o we_o will_v or_o no._n which_o position_n hippocraetes_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o congelation_n and_o immobility_n or_o set_v and_o fix_v of_o the_o eye_n this_o fixednes_n or_o immobility_n happen_v when_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o move_v the_o eye_n be_v resolve_v weaken_a or_o whole_o extinguish_v or_o because_o these_o muscle_n be_v all_o equal_o gather_v or_o contract_v into_o their_o head_n this_o posture_n of_o the_o eye_n they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v a_o balance_v or_o equal_a fix_v of_o the_o eye_n which_o affect_v or_o disease_n be_v contrary_a to_o that_o they_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d where_o in_o the_o eye_n have_v a_o wander_a &_o unconstant_a stare_a as_o a_o horse_n look_v that_o be_v full_o feed_v whence_o also_o the_o disease_n take_v his_o name_n there_o be_v therefore_o only_o six_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n not_o seven_o and_o of_o these_o four_o have_v the_o government_n of_o the_o right_a motion_n two_o do_v oblique_o lead_v the_o eye_n about_o and_o thus_o may_v certain_a differ_v place_n in_o galen_n be_v reconcile_v for_o in_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v only_o four_o motion_n of_o the_o eye_n but_o in_o the_o four_o de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la he_o determine_v that_o there_o be_v six_o concern_v the_o original_n of_o these_o muscle_n anatomist_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o mind_n some_o of_o they_o suppose_v that_o they_o spring_v from_o the_o hard_a meninx_n within_o the_o scull_n but_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o four_o right_a muscle_n together_o with_o that_o oblique_a who_o tendon_n be_v compass_v about_o with_o the_o pulley_n do_v arise_v from_o that_o inside_n of_o the_o orb_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n &_o this_o we_o be_v teach_v say_v my_o author_n both_o by_o experience_n &_o by_o autopsie_n or_o ocular_a inspection_n but_o from_o the_o membrane_n they_o neither_o ought_v nor_o can_v have_v their_o original_n they_o ought_v not_o because_o a_o membrane_n of_o a_o exquisite_a sense_n do_v compass_v the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o therefore_o the_o muscle_n in_o their_o motion_n will_v compress_v this_o nerve_n and_o so_o offer_v violence_n to_o the_o sight_n they_o can_v not_o because_o they_o shall_v not_o
either_o spermaticall_a or_o fleshy_a but_o this_o air_n neither_o derive_v his_o original_a from_o the_o seed_n nor_o from_o part_n the_o inbred_a be_v no_o part_n the_o blood_n therefore_o it_o be_v no_o part_n if_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o indeed_o a_o simple_a air_n but_o a_o kind_n of_o spirit_n i_o again_o reply_n that_o it_o can_v be_v a_o spirit_n for_o if_o you_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v a_o vital_a spirit_n it_o shall_v not_o forsake_v the_o artery_n if_o you_o say_v it_o be_v animal_n then_o shall_v it_o follow_v that_o a_o animal_n spirit_n shall_v be_v account_v the_o chief_a instrument_n in_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o other_o sense_n again_o a_o spirit_n be_v the_o most_o common_a organ_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o that_o noble_a form_n use_v unto_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o her_o function_n but_o as_o there_o be_v a_o peculiar_a part_n in_o the_o eye_n which_o do_v primary_o cause_n vision_n to_o wit_n the_o cristaline_a humour_n a_o similar_v and_o 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the_o smell_n in_o all_o â—hich_v the_o form_n be_v separate_v from_o their_o matter_n and_o be_v so_o separate_v be_v convey_v to_o the_o principal_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o organ_n that_o be_v the_o crystalline_a for_o the_o sight_n the_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n for_o the_o taste_n the_o mamillarie_n process_n for_o the_o smell_n the_o true_a skin_n for_o the_o touch_n and_o so_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n for_o the_o hear_v qvest._n xliii_o a_o explication_n of_o certain_a hard_a problem_n about_o the_o ear_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o dilucidation_n of_o some_o difficult_a question_n concern_v the_o ear_n which_o knot_n we_o will_v untie_v and_o explain_v for_o a_o conclusion_n of_o these_o controversy_n the_o first_o thing_n propound_v be_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o be_v more_o recreated_a with_o hear_v then_o with_o read_v read_v why_o hear_v be_v more_o delightful_a than_o read_v for_o we_o be_v wonderful_o delight_v in_o the_o hear_n of_o fable_n and_o play_v act_v upon_o a_o stage_n much_o more_o than_o if_o we_o learn_v they_o out_o of_o write_a book_n cardan_n as_o scaliger_n say_v in_o his_o 308_o exercitation_n content_v himself_o with_o cardanus_n cardanus_n this_o only_a reason_n because_o say_v he_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v publish_v in_o book_n be_v make_v vulgar_a and_o common_a and_o therefore_o be_v not_o so_o curious_o nor_o with_o so_o much_o delight_v read_v over_o but_o good_a actor_n be_v more_o rare_a scaliger_n refute_v this_o argument_n both_o because_o good_a book_n be_v as_o rare_a as_o good_a actor_n as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v not_o the_o part_n of_o a_o humane_a ingenuous_a disposition_n but_o of_o a_o livid_a and_o scaliger_n disprove_v by_o scaliger_n malicious_a mind_n to_o esteem_v those_o thing_n most_o precious_a or_o more_o pleasant_a which_o be_v unknown_a to_o other_o scaliger_n therefore_o present_v many_o other_o reason_n of_o this_o problem_n first_o because_o we_o learn_v those_o thing_n which_o we_o hear_v with_o less_o labour_n than_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o read_v reason_n his_o reason_n second_o because_o a_o voice_n do_v more_o affect_v we_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o inflexion_n and_o insinuation_n into_o our_o sense_n whereas_o read_v be_v only_o a_o dumb_a actor_n three_o because_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v hear_v take_v a_o deep_a impression_n in_o our_o mind_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o appulsion_n or_o arrival_n of_o a_o real_a voice_n but_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v be_v always_o intentional_o imprint_v &_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o see_v be_v soon_o end_v and_o pass_v more_o light_o by_o the_o sense_n than_o the_o act_n of_o hear_v whence_o it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o thing_n see_v do_v not_o stick_v so_o fast_o unto_o us._n and_o this_o the_o apostle_n insinuate_v when_o he_o say_v he_o behold_v his_o face_n in_o a_o glass_n and_o go_v away_o and_o present_o forget_v what_o manner_n of_o one_o he_o be_v neither_o be_v that_o of_o the_o lyric_a poet_n any_o sufficient_a contradiction_n or_o this_o where_o he_o say_v segnius_fw-la irritant_fw-la animos_fw-la demissaper_n aures_fw-la quam_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la oculis_fw-la subject_n a_o fidelibus_fw-la the_o voice_n that_o sink_v in_o by_o the_o ear_n do_v not_o so_o soon_o offend_v or_o gall_v the_o mind_n as_o when_o the_o eye_n more_o faithful_a message_n send_v for_o that_o be_v true_a of_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o do_v only_o believe_v by_o hearsay_n which_o indeed_o do_v not_o so_o near_o affect_v we_o as_o those_o thing_n we_o see_v do_v before_o our_o eye_n the_o four_o reason_n be_v because_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o society_n in_o narration_n and_o act_n which_o be_v very_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n but_o read_v be_v more_o solitary_a five_o because_o a_o certain_a shamefastness_n and_o observancy_n do_v cause_v we_o to_o apply_v our_o ear_n to_o he_o that_o utter_v any_o thing_n by_o voice_n but_o in_o read_v there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o remission_n in_o the_o mind_n and_o security_n from_o any_o blame_n of_o not_o profit_v now_o we_o conceive_v more_o pleasure_n in_o a_o diligent_a and_o curious_a act_n then_o in_o a_o negligent_a and_o careless_a six_o we_o have_v opportunity_n to_o demand_v a_o reason_n of_o some_o doubt_n from_o he_o which_o speak_v to_o we_o and_o thence_o we_o receive_v more_o profit_n than_o by_o bare_a read_n from_o which_o profit_n a_o certain_a delight_n do_v arise_v again_o because_o book_n can_v digress_v from_o their_o discourse_n for_o the_o better_a explication_n of_o a_o thing_n as_o those_o may_n which_o teach_v by_o their_o voice_n for_o in_o change_v of_o word_n or_o mutual_a conference_n many_o pleasant_a passage_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o accident_n as_o the_o
one_o with_o the_o eleven_o table_n of_o the_o eight_o book_n the_o other_o muscle_n be_v seat_v about_o the_o midst_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v muscle_n the_o second_o muscle_n call_v meatus_fw-la auditorius_fw-la without_o the_o membran_n of_o the_o tympane_n or_o drum_n and_o about_o the_o invention_n of_o this_o muscle_n two_o of_o the_o best_a anatomist_n of_o padua_n in_o italy_n do_v contend_v for_o hieronimus_fw-la fabricius_n ab_fw-la aquapendente_fw-la affirm_v that_o he_o find_v it_o in_o the_o year_n one_o thereof_o the_o first_o inventor_n thereof_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o ninety_o nine_o also_o julius_n casserius_n placentinus_n say_v that_o he_o observe_v it_o first_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o ninety_o three_o which_o of_o they_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n i_o can_v say_v but_o both_o their_o diligence_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n the_o use_n both_o of_o the_o former_a internal_a and_o also_o of_o this_o external_a muscle_n aquapendens_fw-la express_v on_o this_o manner_n the_o use_n of_o these_o muscle_n be_v to_o preserve_v the_o membrane_n which_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v break_v or_o stretch_v in_o two_o place_n both_z within_z and_o without_o nature_n have_v provide_v a_o defence_n use_n the_o use_n on_o either_o side_n for_o on_o the_o outside_n the_o external_a air_n be_v violent_o move_v together_o with_o the_o sound_n may_v drive_v the_o membrane_n inward_a and_o within_o the_o include_v spirit_n or_o the_o air_n pass_v from_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o passage_n of_o hear_v may_v offer_v violence_n unto_o the_o same_o membrane_n by_o drive_v it_o outward_a as_o in_o of_o citation_n or_o yawn_a gaping_n in_o nature_n the_o providence_n of_o nature_n blow_v of_o the_o nose_n in_o retention_n of_o the_o breath_n in_o strain_v of_o the_o voice_n in_o emptyty_n the_o belly_n and_o such_o like_a and_o therefore_o the_o outward_a muscle_n be_v draw_v inward_a together_o with_o the_o membrane_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o air_n do_v with_o his_o own_o motion_n retract_v it_o outward_a again_o and_o contrariwise_o the_o inner_a muscle_n when_o the_o membrane_n be_v thrust_v outward_a retract_v it_o back_o again_o inward_a and_o thus_o these_o two_o muscle_n keep_v the_o membrane_n from_o break_v and_o true_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o this_o office_n of_o the_o custody_n ligament_n why_o these_o must_v needs_o be_v muscle_n not_o ligament_n of_o the_o membrane_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o a_o muscle_n and_o not_o unto_o a_o ligament_n that_o as_o the_o impulsion_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n against_o the_o membrane_n be_v diverse_a so_o the_o cohibition_n or_o restraint_n and_o retraction_n of_o the_o membrane_n towards_o his_o own_o seat_n shall_v also_o be_v diverse_a now_o we_o know_v that_o a_o ligament_n work_v always_o after_o the_o same_o tenor_n or_o manner_n but_o the_o muscle_n as_o be_v more_o voluntary_a do_v work_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o proportion_n and_o measure_n contract_v or_o relax_v more_o or_o less_o as_o need_n require_v and_o with_o a_o diverse_a motion_n resist_v yield_v to_o or_o amend_v the_o impulsion_n and_o agitation_n of_o the_o air_n thus_o far_o aquapendens_fw-la he_o that_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n about_o these_o muscle_n let_v he_o look_v back_o to_o the_o 19_o chapter_n of_o the_o eight_o book_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o nose_n because_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v very_o requisite_a in_o sudden_a &_o large_a motion_n why_o the_o nostril_n have_v motion_n inspiration_n and_o expiration_n therefore_o nature_n have_v make_v they_o mooveable_a with_o voluntary_a motion_n for_o which_o cause_n there_o be_v certain_a muscle_n insert_v into_o they_o for_o albeit_o the_o dilatation_n and_o constriction_n of_o those_o wing_n may_v be_v do_v by_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o lip_n which_o also_o touch_v they_o as_o also_o the_o first_o muscle_n of_o the_o cheek_n which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n tab_v 5._o fig._n 1._o γ_n &_o insert_v into_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nose_n yet_o we_o have_v observe_v in_o they_o that_o have_v large_a nose_n call_v nasuti_n some_o muscle_n peculiar_a unto_o the_o nose_n itself_o and_o these_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o serve_v for_o dilatation_n other_o for_o constriction_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a what_o a_o medley_n of_o opinion_n there_o be_v among_o anatomist_n concern_v sort_n they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o number_n use_n and_o situation_n of_o these_o muscle_n but_o i_o will_v content_v myself_o in_o this_o place_n to_o follow_v bauhinus_n only_o the_o muscle_n therefore_o which_o serve_v for_o dilatation_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v four_o two_o very_a small_a one_o which_o arise_v one_o either_o side_n one_o from_o the_o cheek_n bone_n dilatation_n muscle_n of_o dilatation_n near_o unto_o the_o three_o muscle_n of_o the_o lip_n &_o the_o bony_a canal_n or_o pipe_n which_o be_v near_o the_o nostril_n these_o be_v more_o fleshy_a than_o sinewy_a and_o proceed_v over_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o nose_n &_o be_v insert_v partly_o into_o the_o outward_a wing_n partly_o into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o upper_a lip_n which_o they_o call_v filtrum_fw-la the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v to_o draw_v that_o part_n of_o the_o lip_n together_o with_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n outward_a and_o upward_o whereby_o it_o also_o open_v the_o nostril_n tab._n 5._o fig._n 1._o f._n for_o as_o say_v varolius_n use_n the_o use_n because_o we_o smell_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o traction_n together_o with_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n the_o nostril_n also_o do_v close_a and_o be_v somewhat_o obstruct_v and_o therefore_o in_o smell_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o we_o proper_o call_v the_o nostril_n be_v by_o these_o dilate_v muscle_n open_v and_o so_o keep_v the_o two_o other_o muscle_n do_v arise_v with_o a_o sharp_a and_o fleshy_a beginning_n from_o the_o suture_a or_o seam_n of_o the_o forehead_n where_o they_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o end_n of_o the_o forehead_n muscle_n dilation_n the_o 2._o other_o muscle_n of_o dilation_n unto_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o spin_v of_o the_o nose_n their_o form_n be_v almost_o triangular_a and_o they_o descend_v downward_o oblique_o above_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n where_o become_v broad_a they_o be_v implant_v into_o the_o wing_n and_o with_o their_o right_a fibre_n do_v draw_v they_o upward_o and_o dilate_v they_o there_o be_v also_o four_o muscle_n which_o do_v construe_v or_o contract_v the_o nose_n two_o of_o contraction_n the_o four_o muscle_n of_o contraction_n which_o do_v arise_v fleshy_a about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o wing_n but_o they_o be_v very_o small_a these_o pass_v overthwart_a above_o the_o wing_n and_o embrace_v it_o and_o be_v insert_v at_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o nostril_n the_o use_n of_o these_o be_v that_o be_v contract_v to_o their_o original_n they_o press_v down_o the_o wing_n &_o so_o shut_v the_o nose_n tab_v 5._o fig._n 2._o near_o k._n the_o other_o two_o be_v hide_v within_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nose_n under_o the_o coat_n wherewith_o the_o hole_n be_v compass_v these_o be_v very_o thin_a and_o membranous_a and_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n and_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o wing_n which_o wing_n by_o draw_v they_o inward_a they_o constringe_v or_o straighten_v and_o these_o muscle_n as_o also_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o chapter_n describe_v be_v not_o find_v in_o all_o but_o in_o such_o only_a as_o have_v large_a nose_n as_o we_o say_v before_o tab._n 5._o fig._n 2._o under_o k._n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o common_a muscle_n of_o the_o cheek_n and_o the_o li_n the_o muscle_n which_o be_v common_a to_o the_o cheek_n and_o the_o lip_n be_v four_o two_o on_o either_o side_n call_v quadratus_n and_o buccinator_n the_o square_a muscle_n and_o muscle_n four_o common_a muscle_n the_o squaae_fw-la muscle_n the_o trumpeter_n the_o square_a muscle_n tab_v 6._o fig._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d make_v the_o circumscription_n or_o as_o galen_n call_v it_o the_o musculous_a dilatation_n or_o the_o broad_a or_o thin_a muscle_n because_o it_o be_v large_a and_o membranous_a lie_v under_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o also_o be_v spread_v over_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a face_n from_o under_o the_o mouth_n it_o be_v a_o membrane_n increase_v with_o fleshy_a fibre_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o any_o bone_n these_o fibre_n do_v assend_v upward_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o face_n creep_v by_o degree_n with_o a_o variable_a course_n from_o the_o region_n of_o the_o rackebone_n of_o the_o neck_n on_o the_o
bone_n of_o the_o afterwrist_n which_o sustain_v the_o forefinger_n and_o into_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o w_n and_z the_o other_o be_v infix_v into_o the_o second_o bone_n of_o the_o afterwrist_n upon_o which_o the_o middle_a finger_n lean_v archangelus_n say_v that_o he_o have_v often_o sound_a this_o two-horned_n muscle_n double_a that_o be_v to_o say_v two_o muscle_n one_o great_a who_o original_n be_v nervous_a &_o who_o tendon_n end_v below_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o arm_n into_o four_o finger_n the_o other_o less_o who_o original_a be_v nervous_a also_o but_o his_o tendon_n end_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o w_n and._n he_o add_v also_o that_o his_o tendon_n be_v first_o broad_a afterward_o round_o these_o two_o extend_v muscle_n if_o they_o work_v together_o do_v bend_v the_o wrist_n outward_a &_o extender_n the_o use_n of_o the_o â—_o extender_n extend_v it_o primary_o secondary_o also_o the_o band_n and_o be_v holpen_v by_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o third_o muscle_n which_o extend_v the_o thumb_n secondary_o also_o they_o lead_v the_o wrist_n about_o when_o one_o in_o his_o motion_n immediate_o follow_v another_o but_o when_o one_o of_o they_o only_o work_v then_o diverse_a motion_n be_v produce_v for_o if_o either_o they_o work_v asunder_o or_o one_o of_o the_o bender_n work_v together_o with_o a_o extender_n it_o move_v the_o wrist_n oblique_o and_o to_o the_o side_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o afterwrist_n and_o the_o wrist_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o chest_n chap._n xxxiii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o respiration_n the_o chest_n contain_v the_o instrument_n or_o organ_n of_o life_n life_n can_v be_v maintain_v without_o respiration_n neither_o can_v respiration_n be_v perform_v move_v why_o the_o chest_n move_v without_o motion_n it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o the_o chest_n must_v needs_o be_v move_v for_o respiration_n sake_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v why_o respiration_n be_v so_o necessary_a we_o answer_v because_o of_o the_o high_a and_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o by_o the_o air_n attract_v in_o respiration_n be_v refrigerated_a and_o cool_v even_o as_o a_o man_n face_n in_o summer_n be_v cool_v by_o a_o fan_n that_o waft_v fresh_a air_n unto_o it_o now_o the_o chest_n be_v move_v either_o by_o itself_o or_o by_o accident_n when_o it_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o spin_v or_o rackbone_n of_o the_o back_n for_o when_o the_o back_n be_v bend_v the_o chest_n be_v also_o bend_v with_o it_o it_o be_v move_v by_o itself_o and_o with_o a_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a motion_n for_o respiration_n sake_n motion_n his_o different_a motion_n which_o respiration_n be_v accomplish_v by_o a_o double_a motion_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o be_v dilate_v when_o inspiration_n be_v make_v that_o be_v when_o we_o draw_v the_o air_n into_o our_o lung_n and_o so_o cool_a the_o heat_n of_o our_o heart_n or_o contract_v in_o expiration_n that_o be_v when_o the_o air_n be_v drive_v back_o through_o the_o rough_a artery_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o the_o sooty_a excrement_n be_v blow_v away_o lest_o the_o heart_n shall_v be_v suffocace_v by_o they_o in_o these_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n we_o must_v consider_v notwithstanding_o that_o in_o inspiration_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o chest_n be_v dilate_v and_o the_o upper_a angustated_a or_o straytn_v on_o the_o contrary_a in_o expiration_n the_o low_a be_v constringed_a or_o straytn_v the_o upper_a dilate_a and_o bony_a why_o not_o bony_a this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o chest_n be_v not_o make_v of_o one_o bone_n as_o be_v the_o scull_n but_o of_o many_o which_o also_o be_v join_v together_o by_o gristle_n that_o their_o motion_n may_v be_v more_o pliant_a and_o easy_a but_o as_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v with_o natural_a motion_n so_o the_o chest_n be_v move_v partly_o with_o natural_a partly_o with_o voluntary_a motion_n with_o natural_a because_o in_o our_o sleep_n it_o be_v move_v motion_n the_o kind_n of_o motion_n naturally_n not_o according_a to_o our_o will._n with_o voluntary_a for_o we_o have_v read_v of_o some_o that_o by_o retain_v their_o breath_n have_v hasten_v death_n upon_o themselves_o as_o for_o the_o lung_n they_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n especial_o to_o avoid_v vacuity_n as_o well_o in_o those_o that_o sleep_v as_o in_o those_o that_o be_v awake_a philosopher_n do_v differ_v much_o concern_v these_o motion_n but_o because_o we_o have_v already_o touch_v upon_o their_o disputation_n in_o the_o ten_o question_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n we_o will_v not_o here_o tautoligize_v though_o haply_o we_o may_v say_v something_o now_o because_o this_o volume_n grow_v far_o beyond_o that_o extent_n which_o be_v first_o limit_v for_o it_o the_o chest_n therefore_o need_v muscle_n for_o respiration_n respiration_n be_v absolve_v by_o his_o diastole_n or_o dilatation_n when_o we_o breath_n in_o &_o by_o his_o systole_n or_o contraction_n when_o we_o breathe_v out_o respiration_n how_o respiration_n be_v make_v the_o number_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o respiration_n these_o muscle_n be_v in_o all_o 65._o on_o each_o side_n 32._o that_o be_v to_o say_v 22._o intercostal_n muscle_n 11._o internal_a and_o as_o many_o external_a and_o one_o which_o be_v common_a to_o both_o side_n call_v septum_fw-la transuersum_fw-la or_o the_o midriff_n of_o these_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o in_o the_o four_o and_o five_o chapter_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n there_o remain_v yet_o the_o proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o chest_n six_o on_o either_o side_n unless_o it_o please_v you_o to_o add_v three_o more_o according_a to_o falopius_n final_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la which_o help_v also_o our_o respiration_n be_v on_o each_o side_n four_o beside_o the_o pyramidals_n or_o spirie_n muscle_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a sum_n will_v now_o amount_v to_o 7â—_n of_o these_o some_o be_v common_a as_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la which_z beside_o respiration_n respiration_n 2._o kind_n of_o respiration_n do_v serve_v also_o for_o other_o purpose_n other_o be_v proper_a and_o serve_v for_o respiration_n alone_o but_o respiration_n be_v double_a one_o free_a or_o natural_a the_o other_o constrain_v or_o violent_a that_o we_o call_v free_a which_o be_v do_v gentle_o and_o easy_o that_o be_v when_o in_o inspiration_n there_o be_v free_n free_n without_o constraint_n so_o much_o air_n draw_v in_o as_o may_v suffice_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n and_o in_o expiration_n when_o a_o part_n of_o the_o attract_a air_n be_v again_o gentle_o return_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o both_o these_o be_v wrought_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o midriff_n alone_o the_o first_o by_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o midriff_n wherein_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bastard_n rib_n be_v gather_v a_o little_a upward_o the_o low_a and_o forward_a part_n of_o the_o chest_n angustate_v or_o straighten_a and_o the_o backepart_v enlarge_v to_o the_o rackebone_n the_o seven_o low_a rib_n part_v as_o it_o be_v asunder_o and_o so_o the_o chest_n dilate_v the_o second_o when_o the_o midriff_n be_v relax_v or_o loosen_v for_o then_o the_o chest_n do_v easy_o violent_a violent_a fall_v with_o his_o own_o weight_n we_o call_v that_o respiration_n constrain_v when_o the_o dilatation_n or_o contraction_n of_o the_o chest_n be_v evident_a that_o be_v when_o in_o inspiration_n the_o breath_n be_v draw_v with_o violence_n or_o vehemency_n as_o it_o happen_v when_o the_o heart_n be_v too_o much_o heat_v and_o in_o expiration_n when_o the_o air_n be_v forcible_o blow_v out_o as_o when_o we_o will_v speak_v or_o hallow_v aloud_o when_o we_o will_v cough_v or_o sneese_n or_o else_o when_o upon_o expulsion_n it_o be_v retain_v when_o we_o will_v make_v use_n of_o the_o midrife_n in_o evacuation_n of_o excrement_n or_o such_o like_a this_o respiration_n be_v absolve_v by_o 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fall_v again_o lung_n of_o the_o lung_n without_o violence_n and_o so_o ready_o obey_v or_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n it_o be_v rare_a and_o spungy_a that_o like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n it_o may_v present_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v in_o as_o also_o to_o make_v the_o way_n fit_a for_o the_o breathe_n out_o of_o sooty_a and_o smoky_a vapour_n this_o flesh_n prepare_v for_o the_o heart_n one_o of_o the_o material_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n that_o be_v air_n for_o the_o outward_a air_n which_o have_v much_o impurity_n mix_v therewith_o can_v not_o at_o the_o first_o hand_n be_v make_v a_o fit_a nourishment_n for_o the_o inward_a spirit_n &_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v alter_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o by_o some_o stay_v make_v in_o the_o lung_n acquire_v or_o attain_v a_o quality_n familiar_a to_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n concern_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o 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make_v soft_a and_o rare_a that_o neither_o their_o hardness_n may_v offend_v the_o vessel_n and_o by_o yield_v they_o may_v give_v way_n to_o the_o distention_n when_o they_o strut_v with_o blood_n the_o second_o use_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v like_a sponge_n to_o suck_v and_o drink_v up_o phlegm_n whey_n use_n their_o second_o use_n and_o other_o superuacuous_a humour_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o rush_v upon_o the_o more_o noble_a part_n in_o which_o respect_n their_o form_n be_v round_o somewhat_o long_o and_o their_o substance_n rare_a and_o open_a so_o fit_v to_o receive_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o any_o kind_n of_o influxion_n this_o use_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la open_v unto_o we_o in_o these_o word_n they_o bear_v away_o the_o redundancie_n or_o surplusage_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n and_o that_o indeed_o be_v their_o familiar_a alement_n it_o may_v also_o by_o reason_n be_v demonstrate_v that_o they_o be_v ordain_v by_o nature_n to_o purge_v away_o moist_a superfluity_n for_o those_o part_n that_o be_v hollow_a and_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v moist_a and_o full_a of_o blood_n have_v more_o and_o large_a glandule_n than_o those_o that_o be_v solid_a and_o less_o succulent_a as_o be_v the_o joint_n so_o behind_o the_o ear_n about_o the_o neck_n where_o the_o iugular_a vein_n run_v about_o the_o arm_n pit_n where_o the_o axillary_a branch_n be_v and_o about_o the_o groyne_n where_o the_o crurall_a vein_n appear_v there_o be_v notable_a glandule_n which_o receive_v the_o superfluity_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n which_o glandule_n be_v common_o call_v emunctory_n and_o if_o they_o swell_v or_o be_v otherwise_o affect_v they_o betoken_v the_o distemper_n of_o their_o own_o bowel_z or_o some_o ill_a disposition_n therein_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o second_o section_n of_o his_o 6._o book_n epidemion_n say_v abscess_n or_o aposteme_n as_o for_o example_n the_o tumour_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v produce_v as_o fruitless_a water_n shoot_v of_o those_o place_n out_o of_o which_o they_o grow_v they_o also_o bewray_v the_o condition_n of_o other_o place_n and_o part_n and_o especial_o of_o the_o bowel_n galen_n also_o in_o the_o thirteen_o book_n of_o his_o method_n say_v that_o when_o a_o apostemation_n arise_v near_o any_o notable_a artery_n or_o vein_n sudden_o do_v spring_v up_o bubones_fw-la that_o be_v inflammation_n of_o the_o glandule_n three_o we_o add_v in_o the_o definition_n that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v to_o irrigate_n or_o use_v the_o thire_n use_v water_n some_o part_n lest_o they_o shall_v too_o easy_o be_v exiccate_v and_o dry_v or_o make_v unfit_a for_o motion_n such_o be_v some_o of_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o mesentery_n which_o with_o their_o moisture_n do_v dew_n the_o gut_n such_o be_v also_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o throttle_v or_o the_o tongue_n which_o engender_v or_o gather_v spittle_n the_o 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sight_n of_o both_o eye_n may_v be_v unite_v into_o one_o but_o i_o do_v not_o think_v say_v archangelus_n that_o nature_n have_v any_o such_o scope_n in_o her_o first_o intention_n the_o five_o and_o last_o reason_n give_v of_o the_o unition_n be_v the_o most_o probable_a and_o that_o be_v that_o these_o soft_a nerve_n may_v not_o be_v put_v to_o distress_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o passage_n whereto_o say_v the_o truth_n they_o be_v in_o most_o danger_n as_o well_o because_o of_o their_o notable_a cavity_n as_o also_o because_o of_o archangelus_n archangelus_n their_o softness_n for_o they_o walk_v through_o the_o moist_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v the_o low_a and_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v require_v such_o a_o cavity_n and_o such_o a_o softness_n thus_o far_o archangelus_n they_o be_v call_v optic_a nerve_n that_o be_v visive_a from_o their_o action_n because_o they_o communicate_v optic_n the_o name_n of_o the_o optic_n the_o visive_a faculty_n or_o the_o 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perforation_n falopius_fw-la in_o his_o observation_n the_o opticke_n be_v not_o manifest_o perforate_v columbus_n no_o poor_a or_o hole_n may_v be_v see_v in_o they_o neither_o in_o a_o ox_n nor_o any_o great_a creature_n laurentius_n i_o never_o observe_v any_o conspicuous_a cavity_n volcher_n the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v not_o make_v of_o a_o solid_a and_o perforated_a body_n but_o of_o many_o nervous_a fibre_n bind_v and_o unite_v by_o membrane_n thus_o you_o see_v that_o the_o stream_n of_o anatomist_n run_v direct_o against_o this_o opinion_n of_o galen_n and_o they_o render_v a_o reason_n for_o say_v they_o their_o substance_n be_v rare_a and_o soft_a the_o spirit_n may_v easy_o pass_v through_o they_o unto_o the_o eye_n yea_o all_o the_o sinew_n although_o they_o have_v no_o visible_a hole_n yet_o be_v they_o full_a of_o spirit_n for_o the_o sense_n be_v hinder_v both_o by_o compression_n and_o by_o obstruction_n so_o if_o a_o nerve_n be_v intercept_v with_o a_o band_n or_o tie_v the_o part_n below_o lose_v nerve_n question_n concern_v the_o sâ—â—rits_n in_o the_o nerve_n sense_n for_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o low_a there_o be_v no_o communion_n between_o they_o but_o if_o the_o tie_n be_v take_v away_o the_o sense_n return_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o optic_n be_v obstruct_v in_o that_o disease_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v gutta_n serena_fw-la the_o action_n of_o see_v be_v utter_o take_v away_o but_o whether_o we_o be_v to_o believe_v that_o in_o every_o nerve_n there_o be_v a_o spirit_n as_o there_o be_v a_o spirit_n in_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v perish_v the_o whole_a creature_n become_v stupid_a and_o be_v strong_a or_o plentiful_a serve_v for_o the_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n and_o whether_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o spirit_n they_o be_v inbred_a and_o seat_v in_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o part_n and_o only_o awake_v by_o a_o message_n from_o the_o brain_n or_o whether_o at_o such_o time_n as_o we_o will_v move_v any_o member_n the_o motive_n spirit_n fall_v from_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o nerve_n we_o confess_v with_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o we_o be_v not_o able_a absolute_o to_o determine_v bauhine_n conclude_v that_o these_o nerve_n be_v not_o only_o thick_a and_o of_o a_o rare_a texture_n invest_v by_o both_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o fit_a to_o give_v way_n for_o the_o transportation_n of_o the_o determination_n bauhine_v determination_n spirit_n but_o also_o say_v he_o we_o believe_v with_o galen_n that_o they_o be_v porous_a as_o will_v especial_o appear_v if_o they_o be_v sod_v and_o archangelus_n say_v that_o in_o the_o coition_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n there_o be_v a_o common_a cavity_n ensculpt_v out_o of_o one_o into_o another_o we_o say_v also_o with_o galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o the_o optic_n in_o dignity_n be_v prefer_v worthy_o before_o the_o move_a nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n because_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o vision_n or_o sight_n consist_v in_o they_o moreover_o say_v bauhine_v while_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o skull_n certain_a branch_n of_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n do_v on_o either_o side_n touch_v they_o which_o observation_n he_o take_v out_o of_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v the_o use_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o according_a to_o all_o anatomist_n who_o herein_o do_v accord_n with_o galen_n that_o through_o they_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o the_o visive_a spirit_n optic_n the_o use_n of_o the_o optic_n be_v convey_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o eye_n the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v of_o the_o nerve_n that_o move_v the_o eye_n tab._n 22_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2._o k_o distinguish_v from_o the_o former_a conjugation_n only_o by_o a_o thin_a bone_n this_o original_n the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o eyemoover_n their_o original_n conjugation_n be_v small_a and_o fine_a much_o less_o than_o the_o former_a and_o hard_a because_o it_o be_v to_o be_v insert_v into_o muscle_n it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o run_v forward_o unto_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o eye_n where_o it_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n through_o a_o proper_a hole_n account_v for_o the_o second_o perforation_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n this_o hole_n be_v not_o round_o as_o that_o which_o be_v bore_v for_o the_o opticke_n but_o somewhat_o long_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chap._n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la because_o three_o nerve_n be_v to_o skull_n where_o they_o pass_v the_o skull_n pass_v through_o it_o this_o the_o three_o conjugation_n or_o the_o second_o branch_n of_o the_o three_o pair_n common_o so_o call_v and_o the_o eight_o conjugation_n or_o the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o five_o pair_n and_o therefore_o columbus_n and_o archangelus_n call_v it_o fissuram_fw-la orbitae_fw-la a_o cleave_a or_o chink_n of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n this_o move_a nerve_n have_v perforate_v the_o bone_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o optic_a and_o divide_v pâ—ire_n the_o division_n 〈◊〉_d pâ—ire_n into_o good_a large_a branch_n which_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n say_v vesalius_n and_o platerus_n to_o slay_v muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o to_o two_o of_o the_o eyelid_n say_v columbus_n and_o archangelus_n to_o four_o only_o of_o the_o eye_n and_o that_o that_o lift_v up_o the_o eye_n lid_n say_v falopius_n and_o laurentius_n bauhine_n particularize_v concern_v their_o insertion_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o first_o branch_n climb_v over_o the_o optic_a and_o be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o muscle_n that_o lift_v up_o the_o eyelid_n and_o the_o muscle_n
the_o voice_n base_a or_o treble_a but_o the_o epiglottis_fw-la strike_v a_o great_a stroke_n in_o it_o as_o it_o shut_v his_o cleft_n more_o or_o less_o columbus_n say_v that_o these_o gristle_n do_v sometime_o turn_v to_o be_v bone_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o larinx_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o rough_a artery_n the_o weazon_n because_o it_o be_v a_o vocal_a organ_n or_o wind_n instrument_n fistulate_v or_o make_v hollow_a weazon_n the_o weazon_n to_o lead_v air_n unto_o the_o lung_n and_o to_o return_v out_o of_o they_o fumid_a vapour_n the_o recrement_n of_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v for_o the_o great_a part_n make_v of_o gristle_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d arteria_fw-la aspera_fw-la because_o it_o be_v asperate_v or_o make_v rough_a and_o unequal_a with_o gristlie_a ring_n now_o grist_o why_o grist_o a_o gristle_n be_v the_o fit_a instrument_n of_o the_o voice_n because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n betwixt_o hard_a and_o soft_a for_o soft_a thing_n because_o of_o their_o weakness_n do_v strike_v the_o air_n more_o remissly_a and_o hard_a thing_n do_v easy_o overturn_v it_o these_o gristle_n be_v like_o ring_n not_o round_o ring_n for_o on_o the_o backpart_n where_o they_o touch_v the_o gullet_n they_o end_v into_o membrane_n so_o that_o they_o be_v but_o semicircular_a like_o the_o letter_n c_o from_o whence_o also_o they_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d these_o gristle_n say_v laurentius_n do_v not_o only_o run_v as_o far_o as_o the_o jugulum_fw-la as_o some_o have_v dream_v but_o throughout_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o artery_n they_o be_v in_o all_o his_o branch_n that_o pass_v into_o the_o whole_a flesh_n of_o the_o lung_n the_o reason_n why_o these_o gristle_n be_v not_o make_v perfect_o circular_a i_o think_v be_v as_o well_o round_o why_o the_o ring_n be_v not_o round_o that_o the_o gullet_n shall_v not_o be_v hurt_v with_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o artery_n as_o also_o that_o we_o may_v swallow_v the_o more_o free_o for_o oftentimes_o we_o swallow_v hard_a and_o unbroken_a bit_n which_o will_v out_o of_o doubt_n offend_v we_o unless_o the_o artery_n do_v yield_v unto_o the_o gullet_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o larinx_n or_o throttle_v be_v whole_o gristly_a and_o yet_o it_o hinder_v not_o the_o gullet_n but_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o these_o for_o in_o deglutition_n or_o swallow_v the_o gullet_n be_v draw_v downward_o but_o the_o larinx_n run_v upward_o so_o that_o the_o situation_n of_o those_o part_n be_v change_v and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o gullet_n approach_v unto_o the_o rough_a artery_n but_o the_o throttle_n ascend_v as_o high_a as_o to_o the_o chap_n moreover_o these_o gristle_n be_v semicircular_a only_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n as_o low_o as_o the_o jugulum_fw-la but_o when_o they_o be_v pass_v the_o oesophagus_n and_o come_v unto_o the_o lung_n they_o grow_v round_o because_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o lung_n shall_v be_v keep_v open_a for_o the_o free_a traction_n and_o expulsion_n of_o the_o air_n he_o that_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o these_o gristle_n let_v he_o repair_v to_o the_o 18_o chapter_n of_o the_o 6_o book_n chap._n four_o of_o the_o gristle_n in_o the_o trunk_n or_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n the_o gristle_n that_o be_v in_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o body_n be_v either_o in_o the_o rackbone_n spine_n the_o gristle_n of_o the_o spine_n of_o the_o spine_n or_o in_o the_o chest_n in_o the_o spin_v there_o be_v many_o gristle_n to_o establish_v the_o articulation_n of_o the_o spondel_n and_o to_o make_v their_o motion_n more_o facile_a and_o easy_a all_o the_o vertebra_n of_o the_o neck_n have_v gristle_n above_o and_o below_o except_v the_o first_o so_o be_v it_o likewise_o in_o the_o back_n and_o in_o the_o loin_n but_o those_o of_o the_o holybone_n be_v hard_a and_o dry_a than_o the_o rest_n because_o the_o whole_a bone_n be_v immovable_a the_o extremity_n also_o of_o the_o holybone_n be_v grist_o and_o be_v call_v coccyx_fw-la or_o the_o rump_n it_o carry_v the_o figure_n of_o a_o cornet_n or_o paper_n wherein_o grocer_n use_v to_o put_v up_o their_o spice_n save_v that_o the_o cone_fw-mi or_o sharp_a end_n be_v somewhat_o beak_v or_o crooked_a this_o establish_v the_o right_a gut_n as_o also_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o the_o bladder_n and_o when_o woman_n be_v in_o travail_n it_o be_v bend_v backward_o not_o without_o very_o great_a pain_n for_o the_o chest_n it_o behoove_v well_o that_o some_o part_n of_o it_o shall_v be_v grist_o that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o follow_v our_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n first_o therefore_o there_o be_v two_o gristle_n chest_n of_o the_o gristle_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o join_v the_o clavicles_a to_o the_o brestbone_n then_o the_o sternon_n or_o brestbone_n have_v a_o gristle_n in_o the_o upper_a and_o another_o in_o the_o low_a part_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n betwixt_o the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o bone_n which_o serve_v instead_o of_o a_o ligament_n but_o below_o appear_v that_o not_o able_a gristle_n which_o they_o call_v xiphoide_n or_o the_o brestblade_n the_o form_n of_o this_o gristle_n be_v very_o diverse_a brestblade_v the_o brestblade_v for_o it_o be_v not_o always_o acuminate_v or_o point_v but_o sometime_o broad_a in_o the_o end_n and_o sometime_o tyne_v or_o divide_v into_o two_o fork_n and_o thereupon_o some_o have_v call_v it_o furcella_n the_o little_a fork_n oftentimes_o say_v laurentius_n we_o have_v see_v it_o round_o like_o the_o epiglottis_fw-la sometime_o the_o part_n be_v unequal_a and_o the_o lesser_a lie_v over_o the_o great_a like_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o herb_n which_o we_o call_v horse-tongue_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o it_o be_v perforate_v with_o a_o small_a hole_n which_o few_o have_v observe_v make_v to_o transmit_v a_o nerve_n and_o a_o vein_n the_o use_n of_o this_o gristle_n be_v the_o same_o with_o other_o gristle_n which_o hang_v at_o the_o end_n of_o bone_n to_o wit_n by_o yield_v to_o break_v the_o violence_n of_o outward_a injury_n and_o to_o defend_v the_o it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o part_n subject_v thereto_o some_o think_v it_o be_v make_v as_o a_o defence_n for_o the_o midriff_n which_o in_o that_o place_n be_v nervous_a some_o to_o safeguard_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n hence_o say_v they_o often_o come_v a_o nausea_n or_o loathe_n of_o the_o meat_n when_o this_o gristle_n be_v bend_v inward_a and_o press_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n some_o of_o the_o neoteric_o or_o new_a writer_n do_v deride_v this_o latter_a use_n because_o say_v they_o there_o be_v a_o great_a distance_n betwixt_o this_o gristle_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n which_o be_v apply_v to_o or_o lean_v upon_o the_o back_n but_o laurentius_n say_v it_o be_v false_a that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o distance_n in_o live_a body_n for_o first_o they_o that_o vomit_n much_o when_o they_o be_v about_o to_o cast_v do_v find_v a_o pain_n at_o this_o gristle_n again_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o three_o section_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr articulis_fw-la have_v remember_v such_o a_o distension_n of_o the_o stomach_n to_o the_o forepart_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o repletion_n of_o the_o belly_n he_o mean_v the_o stomach_n be_v a_o direction_n for_o break_a rib_n moreover_o in_o coacis_n he_o call_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n sternum_n where_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o bitterness_n and_o gnaw_v of_o the_o sternum_n that_o be_v of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o stomach_n but_o above_o all_o that_o be_v absurd_a with_o old_a wife_n fable_n who_o say_v that_o this_o gristle_n sometime_o fall_v away_o and_o may_v be_v replace_v again_o by_o mutter_v a_o piece_n of_o the_o matin_n over_o it_o and_o by_o attrectation_n or_o grope_v upon_o it_o final_o every_o rib_n have_v two_o gristle_n one_o on_o the_o backside_n where_o it_o be_v articulate_v to_o the_o spondell_n another_o on_o the_o foreside_n by_o which_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o brestbone_n but_o the_o forward_o rib_n two_o gristle_n in_o each_o rib_n be_v great_a and_o thick_a than_o those_o that_o be_v backward_o because_o the_o fore_n be_v of_o the_o chest_n be_v distend_v and_o contract_v the_o gristle_n also_o of_o the_o bastard_n rib_n be_v long_o than_o those_o of_o the_o true_a rib_n and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o gristle_n of_o the_o trunk_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o gristle_n of_o the_o joint_n there_o be_v almost_o no_o joint_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o man_n but_o for_o his_o more_o secure_a and_o facile_a motion_n it_o be_v crust_v over_o with_o a_o gristle_n as_o partly_o we_o have_v show_v before_o in_o particular_a
branch_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n of_o sinew_n be_v transmit_v to_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n and_o to_o those_o that_o lurk_v within_o the_o mouth_n sometime_o also_o it_o give_v way_n to_o the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o third_o conjugation_n which_o fall_v out_o sometime_o together_o with_o the_o second_o pair_n tab_v 8._o fig._n 8_o h_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 10_o h_n the_o four_o perforation_n in_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o eye_n towards_o the_o nose_n be_v long_o and_o large_a like_o a_o rift_n and_o be_v common_a to_o the_o wedg-bone_n with_o the_o four_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n it_o transmit_v out_o of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n small_a nerve_n of_o the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o three_o &_o five_o coniugation_n and_o phlegm_n or_o rheum_n with_o they_o all_o which_o enter_v into_o the_o orb_n by_o the_o second_o hole_n ta_fw-la 8_o fig._n 8_o &_o 9_o d_o the_o five_o hole_n lurk_v in_o the_o root_n of_o the_o eye_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o it_o be_v a_o long_a large_a and_o noteable_a perforation_n through_o which_o the_o rheum_n which_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n through_o the_o second_o hole_n and_o into_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n by_o the_o four_o hole_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o nostril_n ta_fw-la 7._o fig._n 7_o φ_n and_o these_o be_v the_o five_o perforation_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n in_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n tabula_fw-la x._o see_v this_o table_n with_o his_o description_n in_o fol._n 443._o fig_n xii_o xiii_o fourteen_o of_o the_o spongy_a bone_n the_o second_o bone_n that_o be_v common_a to_o the_o head_n and_o the_o jaw_n which_o vesalius_n and_o columbus_n make_v the_o eight_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n anatomist_n have_v call_v ethmoide_n or_o the_o syve_a not_o because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o hole_n and_o den_n but_o because_o these_o hole_n be_v not_o direct_v though_o some_o direct_v there_o be_v but_o curue_v or_o writhen_a as_o be_v the_o hole_n of_o a_o sponge_n it_o be_v more_o true_o call_v spongoeides_n or_o the_o spongybone_n which_o name_n hypocrates_n give_v it_o as_o galen_n witness_v in_o the_o 7_o chap._n of_o his_o 8_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n it_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o scull_n before_o the_o meninge_n and_o fill_v up_o almost_o the_o situation_n situation_n whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o forehead_n bone_n ta_fw-la 9_o fig._n 10_o k_n and_o be_v distinguish_v on_o the_o backside_n from_o the_o wedgebone_n by_o the_o nine_o suture_a of_o the_o head_n if_o that_o be_v not_o rather_o a_o harmony_n or_o coementation_n then_o a_o suture_a ta_fw-la 9_o fig._n 10_o above_o u._fw-mi on_o the_o outside_n it_o determine_v at_o the_o second_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n columbus_n say_v at_o the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o the_o figure_n of_o it_o be_v like_a to_o that_o square_a that_o on_o one_o side_n be_v long_o on_o the_o other_o broad_a but_o he_o that_o will_v see_v the_o true_a figure_n of_o the_o bone_n must_v take_v view_n of_o it_o in_o a_o child_n but_o of_o figure_n figure_n one_o year_n old_a for_o afterward_o it_o can_v be_v sever_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bone_n without_o break_v at_o that_o age_n also_o a_o man_n may_v perceive_v how_o that_o which_o be_v account_v by_o vesalius_n and_o archangelus_n the_o three_o bone_n of_o the_o jaw_n which_o make_v the_o thin_a but_o solid_a and_o plain_a part_n part_n 4_o part_n of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o spongy_a bone_n of_o the_o nostril_n which_o be_v oft_o eat_v out_o by_o the_o french_a disease_n and_o the_o syve-bone_n be_v all_o part_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o bone_n for_o indeed_o there_o be_v four_o part_n of_o this_o bone_n the_o first_o be_v the_o upper_a process_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bone_n long_o and_o triangular_a end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n and_o resemble_v a_o coxcomb_n sometime_o it_o be_v thin_a and_o broad_a sometime_o thick_a and_o divide_v the_o whole_a bone_n like_o a_o partition_n it_o distinguish_v also_o the_o mammillary_a process_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o this_o part_n also_o the_o three_o sinus_fw-la of_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n which_o divide_v the_o brain_n grow_v very_o strong_o ta_fw-la 9_o fig_n 10_o x_o ta_o 10._o fi_fw-la 12_o b_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o spongybone_n be_v on_o either_o side_n at_o the_o process_n where_o it_o make_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o scull_n it_o be_v throughout_o perforate_v like_o a_o syve_a with_o abundant_a small_a and_o oblique_a hole_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 10_o k_o i._o tab_v 10_o fig_n 12_o aa_n in_o dog_n these_o hole_n be_v much_o large_a whence_o haply_o it_o be_v that_o their_o smell_n be_v so_o brisk_a and_o sharp_a it_o be_v compass_v with_o a_o thin_a membrane_n which_o be_v perforate_v like_o the_o bone_n and_o that_o indeed_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v call_v the_o syve-bone_n or_o the_o collander_n the_o three_o part_n be_v a_o low_a process_n opposite_a to_o the_o upper_a which_o distinguish_v or_o separate_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o nostril_n the_o four_o part_n and_o the_o last_o like_o a_o sponge_n or_o a_o pumi_fw-la stone_n be_v porous_a and_o full_a of_o small_a cavity_n whereupon_o the_o whole_a bone_n be_v call_v spongoide_v this_o part_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o nostril_n and_o accomplish_v or_o perfect_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v spungy_a and_o full_a of_o oblique_a perforation_n that_o the_o cold_a air_n which_o we_o breath_n in_o or_o impure_a air_n may_v not_o insinuate_v itself_o direct_o into_o the_o brain_n unbroken_a or_o unaltred_a whereby_o it_o may_v be_v too_o much_o refrigerated_a or_o otherways_o annoy_v for_o be_v a_o while_n retain_v in_o these_o oblique_a passage_n it_o receive_v a_o mutation_n and_o be_v make_v more_o like_a to_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o here_o galen_n in_o the_o seven_o chap._n of_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n do_v worthy_o commend_v the_o infinite_a wisdom_n of_o our_o creator_n who_o have_v dispose_v of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o our_o body_n as_o be_v most_o fit_a for_o our_o use_n and_o preservation_n this_o bone_n therefore_o be_v manifold_a at_o the_o head_n perforate_v like_o a_o syve_a at_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n spungy_a at_o the_o orb_n god_n the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n of_o the_o eye_n plain_a and_o broad_a and_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o this_o bone_n be_v very_o thin_a thrill_v also_o manifold_a but_o fine_o and_o oblique_o fine_o or_o with_o a_o small_a bear_v lest_o any_o thick_a body_n that_o fly_v in_o the_o air_n shall_v get_v into_o the_o brain_n the_o use_n of_o the_o perforation_n be_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o 8._o boode_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o through_o they_o the_o air_n may_v be_v breathe_v in_o for_o the_o generation_n of_o animal_n perforation_n the_o use_n of_o the_o perforation_n spirit_n again_o that_o with_o the_o air_n odour_n or_o savour_n may_v ascend_v into_o the_o brain_n and_o therefore_o the_o mammillary_a process_n or_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a do_v run_v out_o hard_o unto_o these_o perforation_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o that_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o coriza_n we_o call_v it_o common_o the_o pose_v can_v smell_v because_o these_o perforation_n be_v stop_v up_o with_o rheum_n there_o be_v also_o good_a use_n of_o they_o in_o disease_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o the_o air_n be_v alter_v by_o medicine_n and_o retain_v long_o in_o these_o cavity_n may_v work_v more_o powerful_o upon_o the_o brain_n galen_n in_o the_o place_n last_o before_o quote_v add_v another_o use_n by_o these_o perforation_n say_v he_o when_o need_n be_v abundance_n of_o excrement_n may_v be_v sudden_o and_o togetherward_o avoid_v so_o likewise_o say_v laurentius_n but_o make_v it_o a_o secondary_a use_n yet_o platerus_n deny_v that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o such_o confluence_n unless_o it_o be_v unnatural_a or_o beside_o nature_n final_o in_o the_o backside_n of_o this_o bone_n on_o either_o hand_n there_o be_v a_o semicircular_a rift_n or_o cleave_v as_o if_o it_o be_v pinch_v with_o a_o man_n nail_n which_o establish_v ta_fw-la 9_o fig._n 10._o below_o the_o dura_n meninx_n fasten_v there_o to_o and_o perforate_v with_o diverse_a hole_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o spungy_a bone_n which_o be_v the_o last_o of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n or_o of_o the_o scull_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n and_o of_o the_o yoke_n
passage_n enter_v into_o that_o secret_a bony_a canal_n which_o we_o call_v the_o watercourse_n and_o so_o creep_v towards_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n afterward_o it_o be_v reflect_v and_o enter_v into_o the_o first_o cavitie_n and_o fall_v downward_o and_o backward_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o bone_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o lap_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o be_v subdivide_v into_o three_o especial_a branch_n the_o large_a and_o upper_a run_v out_o into_o the_o foreside_n and_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n the_o low_a derive_v through_o the_o jaw_n be_v distribute_v into_o the_o branch_n 3_o branch_n masseter_n muscle_n and_o the_o first_o muscle_n that_o move_v the_o cheek_n the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o middlemost_a be_v very_o small_a and_o capillary_a and_o be_v dissiminate_v into_o the_o glandulous_a and_o membranous_a part_n about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o ear_n there_o be_v also_o other_o threedy_a surcle_n which_o be_v nerve_n small_a thread_n of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n spend_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_v and_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n and_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o consent_n between_o the_o ear_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o larynx_n hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v original_o and_o in_o the_o first_o conformation_n obstruct_v those_o that_o be_v bear_v dumb_a why_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v deaf_a be_v also_o dumb_a deaf_a be_v also_o dumb_a and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o thick_a part_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v soft_a and_o be_v proper_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v because_o it_o of_o itself_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o sense_n be_v lead_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o foresay_a passage_n and_o run_v out_o into_o the_o den_n or_o cave_n of_o the_o stony_a process_n yet_o the_o large_a branch_n do_v determine_v hear_v the_o very_a nerve_n of_o hear_v in_o the_o first_o cavitie_n as_o be_v the_o large_a and_o of_o most_o use_n where_o they_o be_v dilate_v like_o a_o membrane_n and_o make_v the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o hear_v wherefore_o the_o receive_a opinion_n be_v that_o in_o this_o cavity_n the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v especial_o administer_v because_o into_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n enter_v through_o the_o nerve_n &_o be_v there_o mix_v with_o the_o inbred_a air_n out_o of_o this_o 1._o cavity_n through_o small_a proforation_n of_o the_o foresay_a cavitie_n run_v certain_a small_a thread_n into_o the_o other_o two_o cavity_n which_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o membrane_n wherewith_o they_o be_v compass_v the_o use_n of_o this_o nerve_n be_v according_a to_o galen_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o partium_fw-la &_o auerrhoe_n 2._o collect._n to_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o hear_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o sensible_a object_n that_o come_v from_o without_o and_o to_o lead_v the_o image_n of_o the_o sound_n unto_o the_o brain_n as_o unto_o their_o competent_a judge_n and_o censor_n say_v laurentius_n but_o from_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o four_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n there_o depart_v a_o very_a chord_n the_o chord_n small_a surcle_n which_o with_o a_o wind_a passage_n enter_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n near_o the_o bony_a canal_n which_o go_v to_o the_o palate_n than_o it_o cleave_v oblique_o to_o the_o tympane_n and_o after_o to_o the_o hammer_n above_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o proceed_v on_o perforate_v the_o stony_a bone_n in_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o hear_n then_o a_o little_a reflect_v it_o creep_v eustachius_n eustachius_n downward_o till_o it_o meet_v and_o join_v itself_o with_o a_o small_a and_o hard_a branch_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n this_o eustachius_n call_v a_o nerve_n other_o call_v it_o the_o chord_n or_o thread_n which_o say_v they_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n but_o whence_o it_o arise_v and_o whither_o it_o will_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o nerve_n or_o a_o artery_n they_o free_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o implant_v or_o inbred_a air_n galen_n in_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n determine_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o sight_n be_v lucid_a or_o bright_a that_o of_o the_o hear_n acreall_a that_o of_o the_o smell_v vaporous_a that_o of_o the_o taste_n moist_a and_o that_o of_o the_o touch_v earthy_a wherefore_o when_o we_o say_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o hear_n be_v airy_a or_o like_v unto_o air_n we_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o man_n body_n take_v the_o generate_v the_o object_n of_o all_o the_o sense_n plato_n how_o this_o air_n be_v generate_v word_n part_v in_o a_o large_a signification_n which_o imitate_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o air_n this_o air_n of_o which_o plato_n among_o the_o philosopher_n make_v first_o mention_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o ear_n from_o the_o first_o original_n of_o our_o generation_n in_o the_o womb_n of_o our_o mother_n i_o mean_v as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v empty_a cavity_n hollow_v in_o the_o bone_n all_o which_o be_v fill_v with_o this_o air_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o physician_n yea_o aristotle_n himself_o in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o the_o 83_o text_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o the_o â—_z of_o it_o or_o inbred_a other_o call_v it_o congenit_fw-la implant_v complant_v and_o inaedificate_v it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o airy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o that_o very_o pure_a to_o which_o the_o pure_a airy_a part_n of_o the_o mother_n blood_n appli_v itself_o as_o to_o a_o body_n most_o like_a unto_o itself_o say_v archangelus_n this_o air_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o may_v be_v prove_v because_o all_o the_o den_n contain_v where_o contain_v and_o cavity_n except_v the_o first_o in_o which_o be_v the_o small_a bone_n the_o muscle_n &_o the_o chord_n be_v empty_a see_v therefore_o there_o be_v in_o nature_n no_o vacuity_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o empty_a cavity_n must_v be_v full_a of_o air_n this_o air_n be_v thin_a pure_a without_o any_o sound_n at_o all_o immoovable_a plentiful_a &_o separate_v air_n the_o nature_n of_o this_o air_n from_o the_o external_a air_n thin_a &_o pure_a that_o it_o may_v more_o ready_o and_o more_o perfect_o admit_v any_o external_a sound_n for_o through_o a_o crass_a and_o cloudy_a air_n the_o sound_n be_v not_o so_o free_o carry_v but_o hear_v with_o more_o difficulty_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o man_n voice_n in_o winter_n be_v base_a problem_n pure_a arist_n problem_n than_o in_o summer_n because_o as_o say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 17._o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n both_o the_o inward_a and_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v thick_a in_o winter_n then_o in_o summer_n now_o be_v thick_a it_o be_v move_v more_o slow_o this_o air_n be_v without_o any_o sound_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o night_n we_o may_v hear_v better_a because_o problem_n without_o sound_n arist_n problem_n there_o be_v no_o noise_n stir_v as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o the_o 33._o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n ad_fw-la hereto_o that_o which_o he_o in_o the_o same_o place_n add_v that_o in_o the_o day_n time_n the_o air_n be_v dense_a because_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o light_n and_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o in_o the_o night_n more_o rare_a because_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o beam_n be_v depart_v thereout_o wherefore_o the_o outward_a air_n which_o be_v alter_v by_o sound_n and_o like_o a_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n bound_v to_o the_o ear_n be_v not_o admit_v into_o the_o inward_a ear_n neither_o do_v it_o touch_v the_o implant_v air_n for_o if_o it_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v will_v have_v be_v imperfect_a and_o the_o instrument_n will_v soon_o have_v be_v vitiate_a which_o aristotle_n prove_v by_o a_o instance_n in_o those_o instance_n aristotle_n instance_n that_o yaw_n in_o the_o 29_o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n and_o in_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la and_o the_o second_o chapter_n for_o when_o we_o yawn_v we_o can_v hear_v so_o distinctlie_o because_o yawn_v why_o we_o can_v hear_v well_o when_o we_o yawn_v much_o of_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v forth_o get_v into_o the_o ear_n insomuch_o that_o we_o may_v sensible_o perceyve_v the_o motion_n thereof_o for_o when_o the_o internal_a air_n resist_v the_o occursation_n of_o the_o outward_a there_o arise_v a_o noise_n in_o the_o ear_n which_o noise_n as_o also_o the_o circumaction_n or_o