frightful fancies of melancholy men so fall into the hands of the living God v. 31. Though Judgment be not speedily executed Eccles 8.11 yet must it be certainly expected Heb. 9.27 and when it comee oh how dreadful will it be all the fancied Fears Fires Racks Strappado's Scalding Lead Boiling Pitch Running Bell-metal felt as well as fancied are but dim shadows of that wrath of God which none can Avoid or Abide and that to all Eternity 't is call'd the Damnation of Hell Matth. 23.23 which hath pain without pity misery without mercy and torments without end and past all imaginations If Gods present wrath be so unbearable Prov. 18.14 as 't is able to break the back of the mightiest Monarch Dan. 5.6 It made Belshazzars knees knock against each other with trembling It made Judas chuse an Halter rather than undergo it Matth. 27.3 4 c. and well he might seeing holy Job with whom God was but in jest as it were in comparison of Judas did prefer strangling and any kind of Death before such a life Job 7.15 yet all this was but present wrath and nothing at all to the wrath to come the worst Winter is yet to come and come it will that Winter-weather never rots in the Sky nor dies as we say in the Dams-belly This wrath to come is a phrase of speech that wraps up in it all manner of Woes the never quenched Fire and the never dying Worm Vast Seas of Vengeance wide Rivers of Fire and Brimstone unutterable and unsufferable Tortures and Torments are involv'd in this wrath to come All present Racking Roasting we read of Hanging Stabbing Stoning Tearing off the flesh with Thorns of the Wilderness with Saws and Harrows of Iron haling off the Skin by hands over mens heads and all other exquisite and unheard of Cruelties whatsoever Heb. 11.35 36 37. and our Martyrologists mention yet all these are but a flea-biting as the prick of a pin and as a fillip with the finger those present and passant things to the wrath to come wherein God's wrath as well as the Devil 's will break loose upon sinners that think light of a Saviour Matth. 22.5 and Heb. 2.3 Luke 19. v. 27. and shift off offers of Grace Heb. 12.25 Inferences hence 1. How can we find in our hearts to slight Christ oh bless and kiss the Son of God! Psal 2.12 who hath born for us the brunt of this insupportable burden of this Eternity of Extremity in comparison whereof all the afore-mentioned miseries that may befal Mankind in this World are but as a painted Fire to this wrath to come even according to Mans Fear so is Gods Wrath Psal 90.11 Let a man fancy or fear never so much he shall be sure to feel more when Gods wrath falls upon him yet our dear Redeemer knew the power of Gods anger for us when he cried out Eloi Eloi in the three hours Darkness not only all the powers of Darkness set upon him with their utmost might and malice but which was more than all his Fathers favour was suspended from him and his wrath was upon him and all to save â—s from the wrath to come Matth. 27.45 1 Thes 1.10 The second Inference How hateful ought sin to be to us which always hales Hell at the heels of it Sin no where appeareth more sinful that when 't is beheld upon the back of a Crucified Christ where God caused all the sins of his chosen and called to meet upon him Isa 53.4 5. Oh! search then by a Reflect Act under what Covenant are ye Is it nothing to lose an Immortal Soul nothing to purchase an Everliving Death where the Soul as Moses Bush shall be ever burning but never consumed Under the first Covenant Christless men take much pains with the Pharisees for Eternal pains The Curse of that Covenant will come on you if not translated into the second by Regeneration and if new then happy creatures for ever The Second Way wherein God convinceth man of Sin Righteousness and Judgment is by the Gospel and Covenant of Grace which is an higher way and a more raised method and step than the first is to wit by the Law and Covenant of works for Christ oft Promises the sending of the Comforter that his Comfortless Disciples might once observe it as an inestimable favour Promised to wit the pouring out of the Spirit the best of all things upon all Flesh the worst of all things Joel 2.28 Joh. 14.16 26. and 16.7 and when he is come v. 8. he will convince the World c. v. 9 10 11. the word is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 so reprove and undeceive the World yea so clearly convince them that they shall have nothing to pretend for their gross mistakes formerly taken with but shall unavoidably acknowledge both the hatefulness of every Act of Sin and the necessity of obtaining Christs Righteousness lest they fall under the Judgment and Condemnation of Christ whom they Condemned yet God Justified and Constituted him to be Judge of Quick and Dead Acts 17.31 More particularly the Spirit shall clear up by such convincing and undeniable Arguments 1. Of the heinousness of that Mother-Sin Unbelief which was the Forst Sin and is still the Root Sin of all the rest Heb. 3.12 rejecting the remedy proposed in the Gospel giving the God of Truth the lie 1 Joh. 5.10 and subjecting a Man to the Rigour Irritation Coaction and Curse of the Law of Works 2. Of the Excellency of Christs Righteousness which is the only saving Righteousness both Imputed in the Grace of Justification and Imparted in the Grace of Sanctification and Christ becoming our surety must acquit us of all our Sins before he could go to his Father or by his going to him he obtained to become our Righteousness 1 Cor. 1.30 without which no Man can go whither he is gone Heb. 12.14 And 3. Of Judgment That the Son of Man now Judged by the World shall appear the Judge of the VVorld seeing the Prince of the World as Satan accounts himself Luke 4.6 is Judged by him in part already Luke 10.18 Joh. 12.31 c. casting him out of his strong-holds 2 Cor. 10.4 yea out of his Heaven of Mens Heart Heb. 2.14 How much more all his Slaves and Subjects In a word If we be Believers and so partake of Christs Righteousness then will Christ bring forth Judgment unto Victory Mat. 12.20 both in our Sanctification perfecting it in us though we be but bruised Reeds and such smoaking Candlewicks as have more Smoak than Light in us and in our Glorification also but if we be Unbelievers rejecting Christs Righteousness we shall be Damned with the Devil and his Angels in the Damnation of Hell Mat. 23.23 and Mat. 25.41 for Christ will come with his mighty Angels in flaming Fire to render Vengeance upon the disobedient Unbelievers who have rejected his Grace tender'd to them and disregarded his forewarnings of VVrath to come 2 Thes 1.7
Alas they were ignorant of the Scriptures and of the power of God Matth. 22.29 God made all things Solo mâ—tu Mandato suo by the Word of his power or his powerful will Heb. 1.3 no other Tool was needful but the Breath of his mouth Psal 33.6 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ipse Dixit was enough He commanded and they were Created Psal 148.5 Gods Fiat effected all his Will was his Word and his Word was his Deed without any Tool and without any Toil too The Creator was not weary nor tyred with his work Isa 40.26 28. 5. As without Instrument so without Assistant God had neither Men nor Angels to be Coadjutors in the Creation 1. Not Men. God saith to Job Where wast thou when I laid the Foundation of the Earth Job 38.4 5. Alas Man was then a mere Non-Ens he was no where at that time he was neither Counsellour to it nor Companion in it no nor so much as a looker on in this mighty work 2. Nor Angels God Created all this excludes Angels God was alone and by himself in making the world Isa 44.24 that is without the help of any person or thing and lest Man should imagine otherwise the Creation of Angels is not so much as mentioned by Moses unless it be tacitly in those words the Heaven and the Earth which the Apostle explaineth the world and all things that are therein Act. 17.24 Things visible and invisible whether they be Thrones or Dominions c. Col. 1.16 which are call'd The Angels of Heaven Matth. 24.36 Gal. 1.8 because probably they were Created with and in the Highest Heaven No mention is made of Gods Creating the Air no more than of Angels for both are Invisible only visible things are upon Record by Moses 6. That God made all things in one moment by his Almighty Mandate without either Motion or Mutation of himself or any succession of time in the first act of Creating the Heavens and the Earth he was not Tyred or Toiled in bringing one part of his work after another as Man is but immediately upon his meer Mandamus the word and breath or Spirit of his mouth instantly made all things by the greatness of his might for he is strong in power to muster up his Host in a moment Isa 40.26 28. 7. Another Beam of Almighty power was this that God Created the Grass Herbs and Trees before the Sun and Stars which in the course of Nature have the force of Causes in their production Gen. 1.11 12 14 15. that it might not be attributed to the power of second Causes either Heavens Influence or Mans Culture but all to God onely 3ly The Immense goodness of God is manifestly seen in the Creation 1. Because God was all-sufficient in and to himself from Eternity to Eternity he was altogether happy of himself ever solacing himself in himself and never wanting any thing to make him more happy yet would he have other things to be beside himself that he might communicate his goodness to them Act. 17.24 25 26. God is self-blessed and needs neither us nor ours Psal 50.8 9 10. c. Yet he made the World out of his own free-will and good pleasure not from any constraint or natural necessity 'T is a Moral Maxim Omne bonum est sui Diffusivum All good is of a Communicating Nature God who is Summum bonum the chiefest good doth diffuse his goodness to the Creature in the work of Creation calling all that he had made good and very good Ens unum verum bonum Convertuntur that goodness which was one in God was communicated diversly to the Creatures they were all partakers of Gods goodness yet in a differing degree for all were not capable of the like goodness all were made after a perfect manner according to their kind God gave to some Creatures Being to others Sense and to others Reason to some he gave such a Matter and such a Form and to others another 1 Cor. 15.39 2. Because God made Houses before Inhabitants Pastures before Cattle and all things ad esum ad usum pro Victu Amictu for Mans Maintainance and comfort before Man was made 't was Gods goodness that Meat should be before Mouths and that Man when he was made was not brought into an empty house the world was well replenished with all its excellent Accoutrements when Man was brought into it 3. Gods goodness was most splendid in this also because the things for mans Accommodation were not few but many God the great Provider and Purveyour for Man gave him plenty and variety of Creature-comforts Dr. Hall hath an excellent Notion upon this saying Stars and Spirits the Inhabitants of Heaven are like one another but Meteors and Fowls are in as many varieties as there are several Creatures why is it because Man for whose sake they were made delights in variety God in Constancy and Vnity or is it because that in these God may shew his skill and their imperfection To this I add God knows that Mans Nature Novitatis avida being desirous of Novelties will soon nauseate upon any one enjoyment If Man be bound up a while to Angels food onely as Israel was in the wilderness to Manna a loathing soon followed hence God out of his goodness to Man hath adorn'd the field of the world with various flowers that when Man as the Bee is wearied out with sucking out of one flower he may fly to another 1. There is variety of food for Man out of Gods three Store-houses Fowls of the Air Fishes of the Sea and Beasts of the Field 2. Of Raiment as Wool Flax Silk Leather c. that when tyred with one another may be fresh and pleasing to his shallow capacity CHAP. II. The History and Mystery of the Creation of MAN in particular THE Wisdom Power and Goodness of God shone forth most gloriously in the Order of the Creation first in Creating all things for Man and then in Creating Man for himself that Man might then make most Heavenly Contemplations on all and take most holy Consolations in all that God hath made for him and all very good for this end The Beautiful Order of the Creation is contained in six Verses 1. Terra Abyssus Aquae lux primâ luce Creavit 2. Coelum atque Vndarum Divisio facta secundâ 3. Tertia secrevit terram Mare protulit herbas 4. Quarta dedit Nitido Stellarum Sydera Olympo 5. Quinta tulit pisces in Aquis Coelique Volucres 6. Sexta feras Hominesque Dei sub Imagine fecit 7. Septenâ tandem Deus hausit luce Quietem In plain English thus On the First day after the Immediate Creation of the Highest Heaven together with the Holy Angels in it and of that Deformed Mass call'd the Chaos the purest part of that Mass being extracted upward the Light was Created that is the shining fire the Highest Element Gen. 1.3 4 5. On the Second day out of
he is Impassible therefore that any thing should grieve him is Impossible The cause by a Metonymy is put for the Effect The second Enquiry How did God resolve to ruin man How did he resolve to marr man as he did repent to make man Answ This is the positive part as the former was the Negative and both must be understood after the manner of men who usually say in cases of high displeasure I 'le consult no more I 'le dally and delay no longer I 'le resolve to ruin them that are in the power of my hands Thus saith God here My Spirit shall not alway strive c. Gen. 6.3 That is The Spirit of Christ in those few Godly Patriarchs who lived in that corrupt and incorrigible age did strive with the stubborness of that old wicked World 1 Pet. 3.18 19. Both Preaching to them Gods good ways and protesting against their evil works yea and this Spirit of Christ had suggested many a good motion in the very Consciences of that sinful offspring which they Resisted and Rejected as Acts 7.51 Now Gods Spirit is a delicate thing as some read Psal 143.10 If grieved once he may be driven away for ever Here he is weary with striving and urging them to Repentance for Sin and Reformation of life This doing despight to the Spirit Isa 63.10 Eph. 4.30 Heb. 10.29 moves God to come to a Final resolve for their total ruine I will destroy both Man and Beast v. 7. God hates sin worse than he hates the Devil for he hates him only for sins sake but he hates sin for its own sake God hates Man for sins sake and Beast for mans sake he will be revenged of both the Beast that was created for man perished with man What had those poor sheep done as 2 Sam. 24.18 They all alas are undone by mans sin and are for his Punishment to be marr'd with him as they were made for him This is a branch of that bondage which the creatures are still subject to and grievously groan under yet waiting for deliverance from it Rom. 8.21 22. The second particular is The causa 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or impulsive procuring cause and occasion of all this divine displeasure in so repenting of making man and so resolving for marring man and the whole sublunary Creation for mans sake was mans sin in General and it was all kind of sins in all Sorts and Sexes also in particular as the Evangelist Luke doth most roundly deiver it in a most Elegant Asyndeton saying universally They Ate they Drank they married c. Luk. 17.27 28. Without the copulative And between these actions as if they passed without Intermission from Eating to Drinking from Drinking to Marrying c. They follow'd these things so close as if it had been their sole and singular work and they born for no other end in the World summum bonum in Ventre aut sub Ventre posuerunt Those Antediluvian Belly-Gods made their Gut their God which is but a Dunghill Deity so rendring themselves far worse than the sorry Scavengers who live honestly by emptying Privies but those lived wickedly as if only to fill them Eating and Drinking on Earth what they were to digest in Hell from their Gluttony and Drunkenness they passed on to carnal concupiscence for sine Cerere Baccho friget Venus and est Venus in vinis Gluttony c. is the very Gallery that wantonness walks through not so much in lawful Marriages for that Luke nameth not v. 28. Chap. 17. as he doth v. 27. But in unlawful matches Such as their Lust Liked and Loved not only in their unequal Yokes of Polygamy but also of Sodomy too that odious concubitus qui non utrinque resolvit as Ovid Phraseth it and they Planted and Builded for the use of Posterity neither taking any notice of Noahs Predictions nor of their own Peril Their wits they had buried in their guts and their brains in their bellies Whoredom and Wine c. had taken away their hearts Hos 4.11 All universally were no better Hence the second Observation An Universal or General defection is amost certain fore-runner of an Universal and General Destruction All here of all Sorts and Sexes were departed from God all kind of sins were common amongst men In families were found promiscuous Lusts unlawful matches c. In the State abounded Tyranny Violence Oppression and all kind of Injustice In the Church appeared contempt of Gods Command abuse of Gods Patience unto Presumption and a despight of his bounty unto a fatal security in sin All these aforesaid abominations they wrought in Gods sight and God seemed for a long time silent and unconcerned Therefore their hearts grew fat as brawn they were set upon their Villanies and would lose no time therein Hence our Saviour saith They did know nothing nor indeed would know any thing until the very day that the Floud came Mat. 24.38.39 Into such a dead Lethargy were they cast by their notorious Impiety All flesh had corrupted his way Gen. 6.12 This was a ready preparation and provocation on mans part for an Universal Perdition from Gods Justice they were now grown ripe and ready for Gods Sharp Sickle Rev. 14.15 18. ☞ Note The wickedness of man was great in the Earth Gen. 6.5 The World was now grown so foul with sin that God saw it high time to wash it clean with a Floud A Deluge of Sinning must now bring a Deluge of Suffering And their sin so heinous had given the very Earth so deep a tincture and a stain so engrained that it must lye soaking under water for about a twelve-month before it could be Rinsed and fitted for mans life again The Old World had heaped up such a multitude of horrid sins as the top thereof higher than Babels Tower reached up to Heaven and fetched such a floud of water from thence as reached up again to Heaven There was a grand superfluity of naughtiness Jam. 1.21 before there was so great a superfluity of overflowings of the Flouds Mens sins went over their heads as Davids did Psal 38.4 before Gods Judgments which their sins sent for came down upon their heads The World was drowned in wickedness before it was drowned in water their sin was writ on their punishment The second Note is Sin had its Advance the same way that it first had its Original both for Organ Object and Subject As a Woman was the Subject of the first sin so Women were here Satans Instruments to promote sin As the beauty of the Apple was the Object that bewitched the first sinner So the beauty of the Daughters of Men was that the Tempter presented to the Sons of God to render them manifold the Sons of the Devil 'T is said there is scarce any notorious sin but a Woman hath a hand in it as is observed quite through the Word and through the World and the Organ Satan used both in procreating and procuring the first
in so coldly and by halves as ye here do Mark Fifthly The Men of Israel reply 'T is true as David is a private Person your part is more than ours in him but as a publick King our ten parts is more than your two so should not be thus slighted as being the greatest part of his Subjects beside we made the first motion of recalling the King v. 10 11. before ye could be drawn to it therefore to have no vote in the act is inexcusable and seems the more unsufferable Mark Sixthly The Holy Spirit saith v. 43. the words of the Men of Judah were fiercer c. The Men of Judah instead of mollifying them with meek words spake arrogantly and insolently to them and as the Rabbins say gave them the Lye leaning on the King as their Kinsman and being backed with his Guard In a word both Parties were so hot that David durst not interpose as loth to displease either of them Peter Martyr saith David seem'd something to connive at his own Tribe and thence arose the Rebellion Chap. 20. 2 Samuel CHAP. XX. THIS Chapter is a relation of Sheba's Rebellion consisting of Two Parts First its Rise and Secondly its Ruine Remarks on the first part are First The Trumpet of this new Rebellion was a Son of Belial Sheba the Son of Bichri whom God by his providence ordered to be present when this Paroxism or hot fit of contention happened betwixt the Tribe of Judah and the Tribes of Israel as before N. B. The Devil who loves to fish in troubled waters strikes in with this opportunity as a fit hour of temptation for him and excites this Belialist to blow a Trumpet and to sound a Retreat in the ears of those Israelites saying Seeing the Men of Judah say that we have no part in David but they do Monopolize him to themselves let them have him and let us chuse another for our selves hoping that they would chuse him because he was a Benjamite a Kin to Saul and suppos'd to be the chiefest Captain under Amasa to Absolom v. 1. The Second Remark is This Belialist so called was for casting off the Yoke of David as the Hebrew word Belial signifies and being grieved that the Kingdom was translated from Saul's House to David he bespatters David calling him the Son of Jesse a private person so the Crown could not descend upon David by inheritance and therefore saith he we are at liberty to chuse a new King N. B. This opprobrious Title that Sheba gave David here did savour of Saul who had oft call'd him so in contempt and of the old enmity and possibly Sheba might aggravate to those Israelites that David had sent Zadock and Abiathar to the Men of Judah that they might be perswaded to fetch back the King but he sent them not to our Elders therefore seeing he hath so slighted us let us look to our own concerns and let him look to his v. 1. The Third Remark is Behold how great a flame of fire a little spark doth kindle Jam. 3.5 when God gives way thereunto Sheba's presence and influence upon those Israelites tho' casual in it self and as to Men yet was it ordered so by the Providence of God who permitted the Devil to blow up this blast of rebellion for several Reasons saith Peter Martyr as First For a further exercise of David's Faith and Patience Secondly To purge out of David's Kingdom all factious and seditious Spirits Thirdly To punish Sheba the Ringleader of those Rebels Fourthly To Animadvert David of his betraying Vriah and of his sparing Shimei and as some add of his unjust dealing with his dear Mephibosheth c. for these and other sins of David God was pleased to correct him again with this new affliction before he was well got out of the old thus unda supervenit undae one wave comes at the heels of another and falls upon the neck of David not suffering him a little breathing time as he complains Psal 42.7 and 88.7 2 Sam. 22.5 The Third Remark is the Inconstancy of the common People here Neutrum modo mas modo Vulgus the Vulgar Mobile are mighty fickle and mutable Those very Men who as they had of late rejected David and rebelled against him with Absalom so just now they come out of an hot Contention with the Men of Judah for their greatest share and interest in David yet no sooner do the same Men hear this Trumpet sounded but they take Fire and follow this Son of Belial v. 2. N. B. Thus the Type David corresponds with the Antitye Christ call'd the Son of David unto whom the People sang Hosanna and blessed him one day Matth. 21.9 Yet the next day cried out Crucifie Christ Matth. 27.23 Well are they called the Mobile they are so soon moved The Fourth Remark is This Rebel Sheba turns off from David with the Discontented and Disobliged Israelites marcheth from Tribe to Tribe to stir them up to Rebellion especially where most of his Friends and Acquaintance were as being most implacable against David and thus he marched from place to place to gather more Forces until he came to Abel v. 14. A City in Naphtali's Tribe in the Northern Border of Canaan toward Syria c. N. B. Note well Thus the Seed of Sedition was sown against David who was now like a broken Bone newly set before it had time enough to knit together David was now not well settled on his Throne nor were his Subjects settled in their Allegiance when this new Rupture began the second part is the Suppression of this new Sedition c. Remarks upon it are 1. The Time of it namely when David was returned to his House which had been in his Banishment basely defiled and now at his return newly Dedicated Psal 30. title Those ten Concubines contaminated by Absalom Chap. 16.22 He casteth out of his House and commits them to close Custody to the Day of their Death v. 3. Divorcing himself from them and not suffering them to be seen lest the Memory of his Son's filthiness should be renewed thereby We do not read that these Concubines cried out as God's Law requireth Deut. 22.26 27. when Absalom ravish'd them and that in so publick a place where the People might hear their out-cries as well as see the Villany They ought rather to have died than have yielded to his Lust especially in so open a manner If it were done with their Consent they deserved to be stoned or burnt by the Law but David takes it for granted that they were forced so remitts the Punishment and only inflicts Imprisonment for Life allowing them Victum Amictum c. Food and Raiment The Second Remark is the Instruments wherewith David the principal Agent suppressed this Sedition of Sheba Those are three First Amasa is made General in Joab's place as David had promised him Chap. 19.13 David commands him a short time for a long task to Assemble the Army of
5. The Book of Chronicles gives a differing Account of the Child born by Joab's Travelling from the Account here about the number of the Poll-returned v. 9. Where the number is but eight hundred thousand yet in 1 Chron. 21.5 they are eleven hundred thousand Here are three hundred thousand Difference N. B. The Solution of this Difference is The summ here expressed is only of such as belonged not to the settled Militia that waited upon the King as his standing Guard every Month which being twenty four thousand Monthly as is largely related 1 Chron. 27. do amount to two hundred eighty eight thousand which together with several Commanders and Souldiers placed in several Garisons might very well make up the odd three hundred thousand all these were already Listed and in constant Service of the King Therefore Joab gave not these into his Account here saith Dr. Lightfoot because their Number and List had been long well known and because the King would not lay the Poll upon his own Servants that Guarded his Royal Person Beside among all this number Levi and Benjamin were not numbred Now the Book of Chronicles which was writ after this and gathering up the Fragments before omitted puts all the summs together which might well amount up to eleven hundred thousand The like may be said in the round number of Judah Cardinal Cajetan and Peter Martyr do jointly Judge both these seeming different Accounts to be true the greater number including the lesser and the lesser number not excluding the greater Beside Joab gave not in any List of Levi because they were not Warriours to draw the Sword as his Commission ran 1 Chron. 21.5 6. Nor of Benjamin because contiguous to Jerusalem which might be done at hand and he gave over numbring because the Action was Abominable to Joab as well as Displeasing to God v. 6 7. So that some of Israel were smitten which some suppose was done by the Poll-tax Collectors upon those that were found Refractory in paying their half Shekel Tax they were either slain out-right or sore beaten And 't is said expresly that Joab began to number but finished it not 1 Chron. 27.24 either because Joab would not blow up David's Pride saith Peter Martyr with the greater number or rather because David began to be troubled when he heard his Subjects bad Resentment of the Poll-tax and their Reluctancy against it and this was the Wrath that fell for it against Israel which made Joab desist c. The Fourth Remark is David's Repentance for this foolish Action v. 10. The same Heart that had been tickled and taken with the Multitude of his People to make him proud and had prompted him to this Sin of coveting a Poll-tax for filling his Coffers now smites Him with sense of Guilt and fear of Wrath Now David's Conscience after a long sleep of nine Months and twenty Days was awakened by a Divine touch from the Hand of Heaven whereby he became sensible of his Sin and cordially sorry for it This was done some say while he was communing with his own Conscience upon his Bed as Psal 4.4 His Reins also had instructed Him in the Night season Psal 16.7 The breathings of God's Spirit upon him in the Night to convince him of his Sin and to make him thus Active in his Humiliation making most severe Reflections upon himself for his Sin all that wearisom Night long long begging pardon for his Sin before God sent the Prophet Gad to him when David was early up the next Morning v. 11 12. But others are of Opinion that David's Conscience was not thus awakened to accuse and condemn himself for his Sin by an immediate Operation of God's Spirit in him over Night but by the Ministry of the Prophet Gad the next Morning after Joab had given in his number to the King N. B. And this seems the more probable because this is God's more ordinary Method for convincing Men of Sin by the Ministry of his Prophets more then by any extraordinary Inspiration of his Spirit upon them and this was the very means God had before made use of to awaken David's Conscience out of that about ten Months long sleep in his Sin of Adultery with Bathsheba then God rouzed him out of that long Lethargy by the Ministry of the Prophet Nathan Chap. 12.1 2 c. We read not of any immediate Operations of God's Spirit either there or here but what was mediately attended with the means of Grace God having appointed that his Spirit should give Testimony to the Word of his Grace Act. 14.3 Luk. 5.17 c. Some gripings and grumblings of Conscience David might have before either Nathan or Gad came to him Psal 32.3 4. But they boiled not up to the full heighth of godly sorrow for his Sin as afterwards in Psal 51. The Fifth Remark is God's sending Gad to David with a difficult choice v. 11 12 13. Gad might now say to the King as that other Prophet said to that Queen I am sent to thee with heavy tidings 1 King 14.6 Wherein Mark. 1. David rose in the Morning v. 11. He could not sleep for his clamorous Conscience that troubled him saith Sanctius He prayed in the Night to God for pardon of his Sin and God heard his Prayer because it was Cordial and sends Gad immediately to him in the Morning saith Peter Martyr Mark 2. God bids Gad tell David his Mind v. 12. Peter Martyr observes well the Alteration of the former Phrase it was but plain David now whereas before it had been tell my Servant David Chap. 7.5 but now the Case is altered by David's Sin 't is only tell David to declare the Detestation of his Pride carnal Confidence and Covetousness Thus when Israel set up their golden Idol God will own them no longer but Fathers them on Moses Exod. 32.7 Mark 3. 'T is not Gad's Message here as before had been Nathan's The Lord hath put away thy Sin Chap. 12.13 But here three sore Judgments are instantly set before him to teach him how strict God is in his Discipline and doth not presently take off Punishments from men upon their first Profession of Repentance Mark 4. David had deserved all those three Judgments by his detestable Sins yet God like a tender-hearted Father being resolved to chastize his Child for some misdemeanour doth yet out of his Bowels of Compassion give him leave to make choice of his Rod and this makes the Child's Chastisement a little more easie by a free choice than when Correction is carried on altogether by Force Violence and in the very heat and height of furious Passion Thus David must be Whipt for a gross misdemeanour yet was this a Mercy to him from God that he may chuse his own Rod wherewith to be Whipt N. B. 'T is Sweet-bryar surely wherewith our Father in Heaven chastens his own Children Mark 5. Gad said Shall seven Years Famine come upon thee c. v. 13. which in 1
Ears and teach him his Distance and Duty c. but they prudently press one cogent Argument humbly and with Submission Had God's Prophet put thee upon some difficult Duty which might have required much cost and pains doubtless such is thy desire to be cured of thy Distemper that thou wouldst not stick at it how much more when He requires only a matter so easie to be done These good Servants minded and loved more their Master's Health than his Humour and Passion They perswade and prevail to make Experiment N.B. The Words of the Prophet saith Peter Martyr rouse up Naaman's Passion not his Piety But the Words of his Servants overcome him to that which is good Let those look to it saith He who will only hear the Sermons of famous Men but dare wholly neglect yea despise Ministers of a lower Figure Now come we to the Concomitants the second Part. Remarks upon it are First Naaman is not so morose as to disdain good Counsel because dish'd up by his Inferiours and not by his Equals or Superiors He was not so Techy but though in a pelting Chafe he hearkens yet to Advice even from his Servants Remark the Second Naaman's Obedience to Elisha's Direction ver 14. He descends out of his Chariot into the Waters of Jordan went so deep as to drench himself over Head and Ears seeing his Leprosie had spread over his whole Body from the Crown of the Head to the Soles of his Feet And he dips himself seven times according to the Prophet's Direction He observes it wholly both as to Substance and as to Circumstances thereof Remark the Third God graciously pardons Naaman's former unbelief accepts of his Faith wrought in him by the Words of his Servants though not of the Prophet but at second hand God owns and blesses his own appointment by Elisha God's Severity had been his Prophet's Discredit His washing became an effectual Cure his Flesh and Skin became more pure than ever it had been before save when a Child N.B. This saith Peter Martyr was a praelude of Baptism as was that washing in Siloam John 9.7 and to teach that all truly regenerate must become as little Children Math. 18.2 3. The third Part of this History is the Consequents of it and they are principally two the first concerns Naaman's Gratitude ver 15 16 17 18. the second is Gehazi's Avarice ver 20 to 27. Remarks upon Naaman's Gratitude are First He hastens not home to the Syrian Court like a joyful Man no doubt to shew himself a new Man to his King and Courtiers and to his own Wife also upon whom the Hebrew Maid waited which was the first Motive to this Miracle of Mercy But He will pay his Homage of an humble acknowledgement first to the Author and then to the Instrument of his Cure He comes back to the Man of God so was like the tenth Leper Luke 17.15 makes a Confession of his Faith c. ver 15. N.B. Peter Martyr well observes that as this was the tenth Miracle of Elisha and the first and only cure of a Leper until Christ the great Prophet came into the World so it obtained the proper end of a Miracle for God bless'd it so as to heal Naaman's Soul as well as Body Now he both believes with his Heart and confesses with his Mouth Rom. 10.9 and so became a pledge of the call of the Gentiles Luke 4.27 Remark the Second Naaman now testifies the like respect to the Lord's Prophet when he had received the Blessing as he had done before ver 9. when he expected the Blessing He now makes another stand with all his honourable Train attending him at the Door of the Prophet Elisha who would not be seen by this noble Syrian while he was a Leper that the magnitude of this Miracle saith Lavater might be ascribed not at all to Man but wholly to his Maker now comes forth to him when cleansed from his Leprosie before whom he most cordially confesseth his Faith in Jehovah who had outdone all his Dunghil Deities to whom he had formerly sought in vain for a cure of his Disease and now he looks beyond both the Water and the Prophet at a Divine Power working with them both so becomes truly thankful to God the Author of his cure Remark the Third Yet dare he not withal be altogether unmindful of and unthankful to God's Instrument therefore he saith to Elisha Take I pray thee a Blessing of thy Servant not a Bribe saith Peter Martyr but a thankful acknowledgement like that of Jacob's to Esau Gen. 33.11 No doubt but Naaman could have been willing to have purchas'd his cure with his ten Talents of Silver six thousand pieces of Gold and his ten Changes of Raiment ver 5. that he might no longer detest his own nasty hands made loathsome by Leprosie when he moved them to his Mouth with necessary Meat No marvel then if now when throughly cleansed he presseth upon the Prophet some part of the aforesaid presents where the whole as he thought was too short a recompence N.B. Carnal things are but small for Spiritual 1 Cor. 9.11 Gal. 6.6 but Naaman receiv'd a double cure both Carnal and Spiritual was heal'd on both sides so such Gifts were no great matter with him Remark the Fourth Naaman is not more pressing of his Present in which being a Gentile he outdoes the most in Israel than the Prophet was peremptory in refusing the Gratuity ver 16. though he and the Sons of the Prophets as Lavater well observes were then in wants there being a Dearth in the Land c. at which time Elisha received a Present from the Man of Baal-shilisha Chap. 4.38 42. yet refused Naaman's tho' twice tendered not because it was not simply unlawful but now not expedient saith Grotius lest this new Convert should discern no difference betwixt God's Prophets and those of Baal who were mercenary Men and all for gain from their Quarters c. Isa 56.11 Mic. 3.5 11. It was enough for Elisha that the God of Israel was acknowledg'd whose immediate Work that Miracle was The Prophet had freely received that Gift from God so he freely gives it to Naaman Matth. 10.8 and dare not Sin with Simon Magus in contrary Conceits Acts 8.19 20. N.B. He will have the Syrian to see a Servant of the Lord can do great good without any gain The Spirit of Abraham speaks here I will not take any thing that is thine Gen. 14.22 Remark the Fifth Naaman when not allowed to give is now desirous to take ver 17. He begs that two Mules burden of Earth may be given him wherewith to make an Altar according to Exod. 20.24 thinking that Israel's Earth was Consecrated as well as Israel's Water He though this Earth the Holyer saith Mendoza wherein Avarice after filthy Lucre in Bribes and Pensions was so happily buried As he had found such soveraign Vertue in the Water of Jordan so he must now have a little of Elisha's
of his youthful Vigour and Vanity Or Naim Hebrew signifies the moving of them for thus the whole City was mightily moved at this mighty Miracle Luke 7.16 The Third Remark is A Young Man may be a Dead-Man This Widow's Son is call'd a Dead-man Luke 7.12 and a Young-man ver 14. assoon goes the Lambs-skin to the Market saith the Proverb as the Old Sheep Senibus mors in Januis Adolescentibus in insidiis Saith Bâ—rnard Death seizeth upon old men yet lyes lurking as in an Ambushment for the youngest As the Old must dye so the Young may Dye Our Drecrepit Age both Expects Death and Sollicits it but Vigorous Youth looks strangely upon that Grim Sergeant sent of God to Arrest it so soon The Fourth Remark is 'T is no new device or novelty to have burying places without the City 't is said here when Christ came to Naim he meets Men with a Dead Man carried out of the City ver 12. for they might not as holding it unhealthful and unwholesome to Bury within the Walls open Graves and Interr Corps in the City Therefore N. B. Note well Let not any Survivers murmur at the Burying of their near and dear Relations in the Suburbs of this City seeing it was so here and the Resurrection will find them any where The Fifth Remark is 'T is no untrodden path for an only Son to dye as well as an only Husband This good Woman as the sequel demonstrates loses first her only Husband therefore is she call'd a Widow and now as if the loss of her Head were not great enough she must lose her only Son who might have been to her what Obed was to Naomai a restorer of her Life and a hourisher of her Old Age Ruth 4.15 This her only Branch must be lopped off from the Tree also then murmur not at such strokes c. The Sixth Remark is Yet Christ's Compassion is toward such as are under such severe strokes 'T is said v. 13. When the Lord saw her he had Compassion on her and said weep not All this and more was done upon Christ's own accord from his Free-Grace and Unrequested This Widow did neither beseech his Bowels to Pity her nor his Power to Raise her Son Christ had and hath still a most tender Heart and will pity and provide more for his Praying People than they ask of him The Seventh Remark is As Christ touched the Bier and spake to the Dead Arise whereby the Dead-man was raised to Life and Restored to his Mother ver 14 15. N. B. Note well So a word of Christ's Mouth and a touch with his Hand shall suffice to revive the Slain Witnesses and to restore them to the Church their Mother Oh that God may thus visit his People and be Glorified as ver 16. However it shall be enough at the last Day to Raise up all the Dead John 5.29 1 Thes 4.13 c. The Eighth Remark is Sometimes Christ commanded secresie in his working Miracles as Mark 5.43 Luke 8.56 but five Persons were Witnesses of Jairus's Daughters being raised to life c. but this and that of Lazarus was done openly in the sight of the multitude without charge of Privacy as in Capernaum where Christ had been laughed to scorn and had newly denounced a Curse against that City but there were no such causes here All is done in open view Solomon saith Every thing is Beautiful in the right Season So are all Christ's Acts doing all well Mark 7.37 CHAP. XV. NOW follow many more matchless Miracles whereby the Lord backed his Divine Oracles and Doctrine of Truth The first and next now to be gloss'd upon is Christ's Casting out of the Deaf and Dumb Devil Mat. 12. from ver 22 to 46. Mark 7.32 with 9.17.11.17 Luke 11. from ver 14 to 27. This is illustrated by many Remarks The First is Both Matthew and Mark do introduce this Miracle by premising a general account of an Ambulatory Hospital following Christ from all parts Great Multitudes followed him from place to place Mat. 12.15 yea some of Esau's Posterity Idumeans as well as Jews throng to touch Christ Mark 3.7 8 9 10. and he healed the Diseases and Plagues of all that came to him and cast out Devils Mat. 8.16 12 1â— to which is added When the unclean Spirits saw him they fall down before him crying Thou art the Son of God Mark 3.11 The matter was well amended since Satan's first onset upon Christ in the Wilderness c. Where he then doubted saying If thou be the Son of God Mat. 4.3 6. The same Power can change his note to us The Second Remark is As Devils truckled to Christ's Power in his own Person so they did to that wherewith he impowered his Apostles whom he gradually gathered to be with him to see his Glory John 1.14 39 c. to be Witnesses of his Works Acts 10.39 41. And to learn as his Auditors the Doctrine of the Gospel that they were to Preach N. B. Note well So that the very Apostles themselves did not at their first mission into the Ministry Preach by the Spirit but what they had heard about a Twelve-month from the Mouth of their Master When Christ had Called and Chosen them to the number of twelve answerable to the twelve Tribes of Israel and throughly instructed them both for Praying and Preaching work He gives them not only a free Mission Mark 3.13 but also a free Commission both for curing Diseases and for casting out Devils Mat. 10.1 6 8. Mark 3.14 15. Luke 6.12 c. with 10 17. 9.1 Satan falls as Lightning from Heaven before them Luke 10.18 and that Serpent hurts them not Mark 16.18 Nor can he finally or totally hurt either Christ's Ministers or Believers that are his Members The Third Remark is Simon the Pharisee Invites Christ to a Feast Luke 7.36 It was fit he should feast sometimes that fared so hard mostly He is call'd Simon the Leper Mat. 26.6 Mark 14.3 whom Christ had healed of his Leprosie and who therefore entertains his Healer in way of Thankfulness to a Dinner and Christ's foregoing Words The Son of Man is come Eating and Drinking c. Luke 7.34 might possibly induce him to make this Invitation as haply Christ's others words Come to me all ye that are weary and heavy laden Mat. 11.28 might invite the Woman-Sinner to prostrate her self at Christ's-feet c. leaning on his left Elbow at Meat Luke 7.37 38. This was Mary Magdalen out of whom Christ had cast seven Devils and became a consort with a Court-Lady Joanna c. who had been healed by Christ also Luke 8.2 3. The self same Mary that was Sister to Lazarus John 12.2 3. Mark 15.40 16.1 Luke 24.10 Where we may not imagine Lazarus's Sister must neglect to be about the Burial Seeing Christ foretold that she should do that Office John 12.7 This Mary the Antients say was Married to a Noble Person of
10.25 as well as calumniating his Actings by the Power of Beelzebub N. B. Note well This was the odious name of the Idol of Ekron 2 Kin. 1.3 That Baalzebub is no other than the Devil of Hell For Ekron comes of Acheron which signifies Hell in Heathen Authors Flectere si nequio superos Acheronta Movebo Virgil. If the God in Heaven will do nothing for me I will try the Devil in Hell c. Abimelech when he had slain the seventy Sons of Gideon his Father Built a Temple to Baal whereof this bloody Bastard made his Servant Zebub the Priest which name signifies a Fly Or Zebul a Dunghill importing either that these Idols were but Dunghill Deities as the word Gelulim Hebrew Excrements is use in Scripture for the Heathenish Vanities So Baal-zebul signifies the God of a Dunghill Or Baal zebul signifies the Lord of a Fly because they asked help of this Idol of Ekron against the Flies that so infested them for their many devilish Sacrifices N. B. Note well Oh how prodigiously Blasphemous were those miscreants the Pharisees not only to call Christ a Conjurer but also to make the Lord from Heaven a Devil of Hell Wonder it was that at the hearing thereof the Heaven did not sweat the Earth did not shake and the Sea did not swell above all its banks c. N.B. our scandals are no less in some black Blasphemous Mouth c. The Seventh Remark is Christ's confuting this cursed calumny by strenuous and convincing arguments The former of their scandalizing him with Madness he answered them as he oft did with silence and punished them with contempt committing his cause to him who Judgeth righteously But in this latter Reproach as God's Glory was highly concerned so Christ's Cause and Gospel might have deeply suffered therefore makes he a most grave Apology in the behalf both of his Oracles and Miracles which he maintain'd and made good by many demonstrative undeniable arguments As 1. Every Kingdom so that of the Devils divided against it self cannot stand c. Mat. 12.25 26. Where Division is the Mother there Dissolution is the Daughter The Devil is not divided against himself for a whole Legion which the Romans reckon six thousand Armed Souldiers of Devils were in one Possessed Person Luke 8.30 yet did they so accord that those many did speak and act as one in the Possession N. B. Note well 'T were well if that concord were found among Saints as well as those Devils 2. By whom do your Children cast out Devils Mat. 12.27 to wit my Disciples who were Jews too and had cast out Devils by their commission from Christ yet not blamed for it or your Jewish Exorcists Acts 19.13 14. Mat. 7.22 Mark 9.38 Luke 9.49 whom you blame not neither as if that Act were a beauty in them yet a blemish in me as a Conjurer 3. If those Devils be cast out by the Spirit of God Mat. 12.28 or by the Finger of God Luke 11. â—0 as the Spirit is the essential Power of the Father and Son then the Kingdom of God is come to you else so many Devils could not be cast out but by a greater power to over-power him 4. Were not this Kingdom of God too strong for the Devil's Kingdom how could the Strong-Man Armed be bound but by a stronger c. Luke 11.21 22. and were it done by Collusion one Devil casting out another by consent as they calumniated why was it a torment to them to be dispossessed Mat. 8.28 5. All Men and Works are either for God or Satan there is no medium He that is not with me c Luke 11.23 as the Devil is not for I destroy his works 1 John 3.8 Heb. 2.14 by all that I do and suffer saith Christ 6. Christ calls the spiteful cavil against so evident works of the Spirit the unpardonable Sin Blasphemy plainly against the Holy Ghost Mark 3.29 30. 't was not an infirmity from Ignorance but an enormity from malice after strong convictions express'd by a tongue set on Fire of Hell in words and that venemous Spirit breathing out in Actions by an Hellish persecuting of known truth where power is equal to maliceâ— such as sin against the Father and the Son is as a blind man running against a Wall but this doing despite to the Illuminating Spirit Heb. 6.4 5 6. is a wilful warring with the old Giants against God himself c. when those final Impenitents could not cry down the credit of Christ's Miracles this way the Devil taught them a new trick quite contrary to say when Messias comes be shall work no Miracles at all Maimonides in Melach CHAP. XVI SEing Christ's Oracles are intermingled among his Miracles 't is not inexpedient to Gloss upon the Parable of the Sower Mat. 13. from ver 1 to 54. Mark 4. from v. 1 to 35. Luke 8.4 to 19. which follows next in order of Time to Christ's casting out a Devil and was Blasphemed for it c. Mat. 12. c. which that Evangelist declares to be Preached the same day that his Mother and Brethren came to Christ c. being unwearied in his Work Mat. 13.1 The Remarks hereupon are these First Christ is call'd the Palmoni Hamadabber Dan. 8.13 or most excellent Speaker This Prince of Preachers exceedingly aboundeth with this kind of Rhetorick and Oratory speaking very much in Parables according to the stile and manner of the Jewish Nation quite through the Gospel He turns himself into all sorts and fashions of Speech and Spirit to win Souls to God especially into Parabolical Dresses which according to the Hebrew notion Mashal a Parable signifying also Dominion hath a most powerful prevalency over the minds of men Chrysostom calls a Parable 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an illustration and setting forth of matter by resemblances which are mightily insinuating into the Souls of Men. So that the will of God dressed up in a well accommodated Parable comes to our Affections just as Jeroboam's Wife came to the Prophet Ahijah with Cracknels and Honey but Disguised 1 Kin. 14.2 3. thus it comes to us in sweetness of Speech but vailed and not easie to be known 'T is undoubtedly the choicest kind of Chymistry to Extract Spiritual things out of Temporal and 't is the highest attainment of Opticks to Represent Heavenly Truths in Earthly Glasses A Parable comes from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Comparo because Divine Things are compared to Worldly and are shadowed out by them especially by such as are nearer to our Understandings usual familiar and commonly known Thus our Lord adapted his Parables most commodiously to the capacities of his Auditors where they were Fishermen there he gave out the Parable of the Draw-Net where Merchants there of the Pearl of Price and where Husbandmen there this of the Sower c. All suitable to his several Auditories The Second Remark is In this Parable there be four parts 1. The Sower 2. The Seed 3. The Soil And 4.
Chaff or Tares or Darnel but Hordeum Triticum Signatum Isa 28.25 the most precious and the soundest grain c. So Christ sows not Jewish Genealogies Fables or Fancies 1 Tim. 1.4 Tit. 3.9 to search into which is but a laborious loss of time a mere Trifling the Task is not worthy the Toil nor the Gains pay for the Pains but Precious Seed Psal 126.6 Precious Treasure though in Oyster-shells 2 Cor. 4.7 as the Seed-Basket in it self is contemptible â—ilis saepe cadus nobile nectar habet The Seed is the Word of God 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sincere Milk 1 Pet. 2.2 The Wisdom of God Luke 11.49 The Word of Promise Rom. 9.9 Of Faith Rom. 10.8 Of Reconciliation 2 Cor. 5.19 Of his Grace Act. 14.3 20 32. Of Salvation Acts 13.26 And of Eternal Life John 6.68 Acts 5.20 Hence Christ took it unkindly his Disciples durst turn their backs on such precious Seed c. Job prized it highly Job 23.12 Luther could live better in Hell with it than in Heaven without it The Despisers of it shall be destroyed Prov. 13.13 't is Self-Murther to refuse neceslary and appointed Meals either for Soul or Body God will Magnifie his Word above all his Name Psal 138.2 This Precious Seed having all these Names must be prized c. As there is all this Congruity so some Disparity betwixt them First Every Earthly Sower soweth Seed for his own subsistency in the returns of its Increase c. But this Heavenly Sower doth not so for our Goodness extends not to him though his Goodness extendeth to us Psal 16.2 3. Job 22.3 'T is all for the good of the Soil but not at all for the good of the Sower no Man Plants a Vineyard and Eats not thereof 1 Cor. 9.7 But Christ is Perfect and all his Pains is for our Profit not His. Secondly The Seeds-Man commits his Seed to the Soil and can do no more c. but Christ drops down the Dew of Heaven upon his Seed and gives a Power of fruitfulness to it His Seed is kept by that Power to the Harvest 1 Pet. 1.4 5. as the Glory is kept in Heaven for us so our Grace is kept on Earth for it There is a double keeping express'd there From him is all our Fruit found Hos 14.8 John 15.2 4 5. Thirdly Christ is both the Sower and the Seed too for He is the Essential Word the Eternal Spirit and the Everlasting Gospel Oh what an Honour it is to have an Honest and Good Heart Luke 8.15 as the most proper Soil for such most precious Seed and as the most curious Cabinet for this Pearl of Great Price to be kept in Then is Christ formed in us Gal. 4.19 and the Church is call'd Christ Mystical 1 Cor. 12.12 Such cannot want sheaves in their Bosoms Psal 126.6 Fourthly A Wet Season is the best Season with this Seeds-man when sweet showers of Gospel-Tears distil and drop down from a Broken Heart The Vulgar Rule is Set Wet but Sow Dry yet Christ loves to Sow Wet better than Dry though Wet Weather endangers the starving of Grain yet makes it Grace to thrive and prosper Fifthly Man's Seed-time lasts but for a few days but Christ's doth last all the year long yea in the very time of Humane Harvests and when it is an Heavenly Harvest-time to some who are gathered into God's Garners by Death 't is but Seed-time in a Spiritual sense with others Then their time of Love first finds them and they are then begotten to Christ by the Gospel Ezek. 16.8 Jer. 2.24 Sixthly There is a sowing sparingly and a sowing bountifully 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in blessings 2 Cor. 9.6 the former is that of the Earthly Sower who must feed himself upon one part of his Corn and sell another part to others for sustaining his Family so can but reserve a Remnant for seed But Christ hath no such need therefore the latter is his who sows bountifully and with a blessing Vse I. Oh Man oh Woman what Husbandry hath this blessed Seeds-man made of your Hearts Examine your experiences hath he broke up your fallow ground where nothing but trash grew Hos 10 12. Innovate vobis novale are you renewed in Speech and Spirit Ephes 4.23 in Minds and Manners in Constitution and Conversation in the Purpose of your Hearts and in the Practice of your Lives Hath he turn'd up the Turf Rooted out the Weeds Old things past all New 2 Cor. 5.17 Rev. 21.5 till this be done all is undone c. Vse II. Take the right season for this saving sowing work Isa 55.6 1 Chron. 12.32 Psal 32.6 as Sea faring Men take Wind and Tide Way faring Men the Day-light the Smith strikes while his Iron is hot the Lawyer labours hard while the Term lasts and the Plow man plies his Plough after a Shower So do you when the Heart is best Affected when the Gospel saith to you as Jael to Barak Come and I will shew thee the Man Christ whom thou seekest Judges 4.22 When Christ shews thee where He dwelleth John 1.39 Brings thee into his Banqueting-house Cant. 2.4 And Salvation comes to thy House Luke 19.9 Plow no â—â—â—ger Wickedness Hos 10.13 be no more not only Satans Soil but also his very Hâ—nds and Horses putting forth your strength to further sin Prov. 21 4. Job 4.8 Oh take the same pains for Grace and Glory Psal 68.9 Job 28.26 The Second part of the Parable is the Seed which also is two fold 1. The External the Word And 2. The Internal Seed to wit the Spirit As the Veins and the Arteries run all along through all pâ—rts of us for the good of the Body so the Word and the Spirit do likewise concuâ— for the good of the Soul of Man and must not here be divided for otherwise we hear only a sound and a noise vâ—x praete â—a nihil but not the Voice of Christ as those in Acts 〈◊〉 compared with Acts 22 9. They heard only a confused sound but not the Voice thâ—â— spake convertingly to Saul When Word and Spirit come together to us then the Lord speaks to us with a strong hand as He did to the Prophet Isa 8.11 There is a Working of the Word which is not Effectual as is intimated 1 Thes 2.13 When received as the Word of Men only and not as the Word of God also First The Congruity betwixt this Temporal and Spiritual Seed As 1. Seeds are small things yet produce great substances as an Acorn doth an Oak Mustard seed a Tree c. So the Word of God that Seed of Immortality 1 Pet. 1.23 seems a small contemptible thing and the Preaching of it be accounted foolishness 1 Cor. 1.21 yet is it the Power of God unto Salvation Rom 1.16 and thereby many Souls be saved as the Rams Horns were but despicable devices yet the Divine Institution Indued them with such a prevalent power as to blow down the strong Walls of
Heart is topful of Gen. 6.5 Evil only Evil and continually Evil and a Devil in every faculty there is the Devil of Ignorance in his Mind of Pride in his Head of Lust in his Heart of Rebeilion in his Will of disorder in his Affections yea the Devil of forgetfulness of all good in his Memory c. Thus Homo in se Infernum Habet every unregenerate Heart hath an Hell within it the Devil hath set an Impression of his own Limbs upon every part of his own Children as John 8.44 Imports so that there is a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a superfluity of naughtiness in them Jam 1.21 a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Seed-plot of all Sin as the Seed of every Creature was in the Chaos which David Psal 51.5 Paul Rom. 7.24 Job chap. 40.4 the Prophet Isa 6.5 and the Church Isa 64.6 do all bewail resolving all Acts of Sin into the pravity of Nature as the source and fountain of all sorts of Iniquity and this man is said to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in an Unclean Spirit Mar. 5.2 as the Unclean Spirit was in him quòd eum iste Spiritus quasi Inclusum teneret so the Devil had shut him up every way from Life and Salvation as the Wicked World is said in Maligno positus to lye in the Malignant one 1 John 5.19 This Inhabitant ut agens agit sibi simile doth satanize sinners to be Rich in Sin transforming them into His Image of becoming Breathing Devils c. The Fifth Remark is Man's Remedy in this miserable case lies only in the Redeemer Until Christ come whose Right Man's Heart is Ezek 21.27 It is a Den of Thieves a Cage of Unclean Birds Jer. 5.27 an Evil Treasure Mat. 12.35 a Shop for Divels to work in Eph. 2.2 c. but at his coming He overturns overturns overturns whips out those Thieves John 2.16 and Mat. 21.12 purges his Temple Mal. 3.1 2. of all those creeping things Innumerable with Leviathan himself in it Psal 104.26 casting out the strong Man Luke 11.21 takes possession for himself and turns it into his own Palace N.B. Note well If Christ proved stronger than Satan in his state of Humiliation how much more now in his state of Exaltation That He was so appeareth that twelve thousand Devils cannot match one single Saviour Christ so far over-ruled this Legion as to make them bring this miserable Man into the way of his Mediator Though it be said The Devil drove him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Luke 8.29 as the Rider Spurs his Horse Endways whether He will with Violence and 't is a wonder this poor wretch was not only driven among the Tombs but also into them yea into Hell it self for they must needs go saith the Proverb yea Run whom not only the Devil but so many Devils Drove yet here by Christ's helping hand the Horse runs away with the Rider to meet Christ who Unhors'd and dispossess'd him c. The Sixth Remark is Christ's Approach as it was this poor wretch's Felicity so it was the Devil's Torment They feel a Beam of Christ's Deity put forth that tormented them they though a whole Legion well Armed durst not threaten our Saviour but are all brought upon their Knees to Petition him that they might be suffer'd to go into the herd of Swine Mat. 8.31 He had all those Devils in his Chain The Devil cannot make a Louse Exod. 8.18 nor fire an house Job 1.19 nor here drown a Pig without leave from the Lord. N.B. Note well If Christ have any thing to grant unto Devils he hath much more to give to his Saints This was not granted in favour to the Devils but to shew what Harm the Devil might do to us were we not continually guarded by Divine Providence and that the very Swineheards might Preach abroad the fame of the Miracle as also that Swinish Epicures are in danger of the Devils driving into the Deep Pit of Hell Those Devils got out of the drowned Swine and into the Hearts of their Masters those Worldly Gadarens preferr'd a Swine-sty before a Saviour so besought him as the Devils had done to Depart from them and may have enough of it at last day in Depart ye Cursed so did not this Demoniack but desired a stay lest his Devils should re-enter him in Christ's Absence c. CHAP. XIX NEXT follow the two Co-incident stories of Christ's Healing the Bloody Issue and Raising to Life to Rulers dead Daughter Mark 5.22 to the end Luke 8.41 to the end and Mat. 9.18 to 27. These two Miracles were wrought immediately after his Return from the Country of the Gadarens Luke 8.40 our sweet Saviour did not call for fire from Heaven upon those bruitish People who were so glad to be rid of him as Luke 9.51 to 55. but did quietly withdraw and entred into a Ship Mat. 9.1 and came into his own City Capernaum where he was kindly received N. B. Note well When one Door was shut against him then another door was opened for him In Capernaum Matthew or Levi the Publican Invited Christ to a Dinner at his House where he made his Redeemer a most sumptuous feast for Joy of his Conversion Luke 5.29 many Publicans and Sinners found open house there all at Matthew's charge that he might bring them with himself to Christ The Envious Pharisees cavil at his Feasting which was Diametrically contrary to their Doctrine of Fasting while Christ answers their Cavils Mat. 9 18. then Jairus came to Him about his dying daughter and as Jesus was going along with this Jairus the Woman with the bloody Issue came behind him in the Streets of Capernaum and touched him These two stories may well be contemporary in Scripture Record for the Woman's Disease and the Ruler's Daughter were contemporary in respect of Age being both twelve years old Luke 8.42 43. The History of healing the Haemorroisse or Woman with the bloody Issue being first Accomplished must have the first place in this discourse Mat. 9.20 The Remarks whereon are First This Occurrence comes in with a Parenthesis and by a sweet Providence for the exercise and increase of the Rulers Faith and Patience no doubt but Jairus could have wish'd this Woman far enough at that time because she hindered Christ from making haste to his dying Daughter But Divine Wisdom cross'd his Humane Will she shall be dead out right the Woman cured and he thereby confirmed ere his desire shall be Accomplished that God in all may be Glorified All done in due season The Second Remark is This Woman had not only a grievous but also a sad languishing Uncleanness according to the Law which made her abasht of her blushful Distemper uncapable to touch or be touched by any Lev. 15.19 and therefore not only because she could not come before Christ for the Croud c. did she come behind him thinking that though it was presumption to press into the press of People being a prohibited person
obstructions early in the Morning of the First Day and was a signal Symbol of Christ's Victory over the Devil Death Sin and the Grave Some say the Earth-quake was caused by the Descending Angel who when he came to sit down upon the great Stone he had rolled away from the Sepulchre made the whole Earth to shake like a mighty Man when he sits down upon a Bench makes the whole room shake under him But 't is more probable the Descending of this Angel was not the Cause but the Consequence of the Earth-quake for Christ himself was the cause thereof who no sooner began he to stir in the Grave but he shakes the Foundations of the Earth so that the Earth was in pain the pangs of a Travelling Woman was upon her as the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Acts 2.24 signifies till she was delivered of him and the bonds wherewith Death had bound him in the Grave He by the Power of his Divine Nature more easily broke asunder than Sampson his Type did the New Cords wherewith the Philistins manacled him when the Spirit of God came upon him As this was a Triumphal Sign of Christ's Power over the Earth and Hell and over all the Powers of both So that it may be demonstrated He was Lord of Heaven as well as of Earth and Hell He commands the Holy Angels from thence to come and do him Homage hence that Angel which was the chief Speaker to the good Women calls Christ The Lord See the place where the Lord lay Mat. 28.6 intimating that he was not only your Lord the Lord of Saints but also our Lord the Lord of Angels too therefore he stiles him the Lord Absolutely for at his Resurrection did Christ begin his Kingdom whereunto Angels as well as Saints do belong as Subjects Ephis 1.19 20 21 c. Moreover the Syriack reading saith here that this Gabriel called Christ Our Lord to the Women which shews that Christ was truly and properly God In this sense some say that the Angel which rolled away the Stone was sent as an Officer to let his Lord out of Prison without the Keepers consent and that he sat down upon the Stone in contempt of all the Weapons that the Souldiers who watched the Sepulchre held in their Hands and which indeed did fall out of their Hands at their woful sight of this glorious Angel who though he appeared in Humane shape did by his splendour appear to be more than a Mortal Man the Majesty of his Visage shewed his mighty power as his Habit did his Innocency and Holiness which raised an Heart quake in the Bodies of the Keepers when the Earth-quake had been shaking the Pillars of the Earth 'T is no wonder that the lustre of this Angel did drive the Watchmen into the Paroxysm of a shaking Ague being now made sensible that they had been bearing Arms against Almighty God and were now become obnoxious to his Irresistible and Unavoidable Wrath 'T is a fearful thing to fall into the Hands of the Living God Heb. 10.31 How great must be the Majesty of our Lord Jesus a beam whereof He put forth at his Transfiguration when this Angel's but our Lord's Servant's Countenance was like Lightening and his Garments white as Snow And if the splendid Appearance of but one Holy Angel did so Affright a company of Couragious Souldiers such as the Roman Armies which had now Conquered the World consisted of How then shall Wicked Men stand in Judgment at the last Day when the Lord of Angels shall come with whole Myriads of glorious Angels to Judge the World Oh the unspeakable Akings and Quakings of Conscience and the unconceivable convulsions of Heart that shall then seize upon and surprize them in that dreadful day when the World is all of a light fire about their Ears c. Nor may we think that Christ stood in need of this Angel to help him out of the Prison of the Grave by rolling away the Stone for such was the Almighty Power of his Divine Nature that nothing could resist his naked Nod and thereby could as easily Arise out of the Grave when the Stone was unrolled away as he did Appear in the Room among his Disciples when the Doors were shut without any penetration of Diameters as the School-men phrase it John 20.19 26. but more of that in its place afterward This Ushers in the 2d Grand Remark concerning the Concomitants of Christ's Resurrection in respect of its Time Manner and Manifestation First The Time when the precise point whereof is not recorded in Scripture as is abovesaid but the Day whereon it was is by all the four Evangelists to wit the first day of the week and not without intimation that it was Early in the Morning of that day when the Earth-quake was for as the Earth had shook at Christ's Passion because it could not bear his Suffering so now again it shakes at his Resurrection to shew that it could not hinder his Rising and as Hilary hath it Hell it self shaked also as much as the Earth did because he who was Lord of all Acts 10.36 and had the Keys of Hell and Death Rose from the Dead in Despight of all the Infernal Spirits who therefore then fall into a trembling Fit c. As the time of Christ's Rising from the Grave was Oriente Sole when the Sun was about Rising but yet did not appear in its shining lustre above the Earth for it was meet according to the rule of Good Manners that the Sun of Righteousness who was the Creator should have the preeminence of Rising before the Sun of the Firmament called Shemesh which signifies but a Servant it being but Christ's Creature So in this sense is our Lord called the Bright and Morning Star Rev. 22.16 as well as the Day-Star 2 Pet. 1.19 which shineth brightest of all the Stars betwixt the Dawning of the Day and the Rising of the Sun betwixt those two terms it may well be supposed our Saviour Arose from Mat. 28.1 Mark 16.1 Luke 24.1 John 20.1 In all which four Quotations no mention is found concerning the Hour much less the Minute of Christ's Rising it being enough for us to know the Day and the Morning of that Day Wherein All the Evangelists do concur in their fourfold Testimonies which is one above the threefold Cord that cannot easily be broken Here Inquiry is made Why our Lord rose on the first day of the Week Answer The Reasons are 1st The same Day of the Week that the first and old Creation began with the same day must the second and new Creation begin with also Now this was the first day of all the seven which the Lord made Psal 118.24 with ver 22 23. All which are applied to Christ and his Resurrection Acts 4.11 1 Pet. 2.7 c. As God on the first Day of the Week drew the World out of that confused Chaos as well as out of that abhorred estate of nothing and
Name and immediately she acknowledgeth him and Reciprocates this Answer Rabboni that is my Lord Thus when Christ calls us by Name Isa 45.3 and John 10.3 then he boreth our Ears Psal 40.6 and causeth us to hear his Voice also Cant. 8.13 'T is a vulgar yet a True saying the Ear is first up in a Morning for nothing ordinary can so soon awake us as to be called by our Names How easily can Christ call up our drowsie Hearts and slumbring Souls if he do but speak to us with a strong Hand Isa 8.11 and say Awake thou that sleepest stand up from the Dead c. Eph. 5.14 crying to us by Name Lazarus come forth John 11.39 This he can do when he pleaseth and when we are even turned away from him as Mary Magdalen was here makes us Reciprocate and answer Rabboni thus was it with David when the Lord said to him Seek thou my face his Heart Ecchoed immediately again Thy face Lord will I seek Psal 27.8 This is frequently called in Scripture our effectual calling which is an Act of God's free Grace wrought imwardly upon our Souls When God first finds us to call us Home from our out-strays to himself the Voice of his Spirit comes behind us being secure passing by and not regarding any good having our Backs turned upon God and all goodness Therefore saith God in his promise Thou shalt hear a Voice behind thee saying this is the way walk in it c. Isa 30.21 and in his performance of that promise 't is said I heard a great Voice behind me c. Revel 1.10 11. and Mary here turned her self as soon as Christ had called her by her Name John 20.16 but because 't is said ver 14. that she turned her self back from the Angels ver 13. and saw Jesus c. therefore Augustin distinguisheth in his converse corpore corde her first turning was with her Body only and therefore she thought him what he was not to wit the Gardener but now her second turning was with her Heart and then she knew him as she was known by him and acknowledgeth aright who he was Rabboni my Lord. The 3d Remark is As Mary wept where she had no such cause of weeping for she wept because she thought that her Lord was lost when he was Risen indeed and was at her Hand though she could not see him for her Tears disturbed her Sight so too many weep and bewail when there is no such cause as Jacob did for Joseph Gen. 37.33 34 35. when his Son was Risen to the greatest Honours this fault is found among Women especially who would do well to keep their Tears for better uses and not wash foul Rooms with such sweet waters Needless Tears must be unwept again Suppose it be for a lost Christ know he is nearest those that cannot see him for their Tears If they seek him in sincerity The Second Personal Appearance of our Lord. Redeemer after his Resurrection was to the Holy Women in company with Mary Magdalen as they returned all together from the Sepulchre The Evangelists Mark and John give an Ample Relation of the first appearance of Christ to Mary Magdalen alone Mar. 16.9 John 20.13 to 18. but Mathew only Records this second Matth. 28.8 9 10. Luke also mentions something of it but speaks short and not all or fully Luke 24.22 23 24. speaking only of the Vision of Angels that told them he was alive but not of any Vision of Christ himself to them and the Reason is supposed to be this because though the Women began now to be removed a little more from their former conceit that it was only a Removal of Christ's body as Mary Magdalen three times conceited it John 20.2 13 15. and not a Resurrection of it yet now seeing Jesus appear to them they had some clearer Conceptions of Christ's Resurrection than before but now without their doubts and fears still since Christ refused to be touched by them thence did they doubt and fear that it was still but a Spectrum and Phantasm which they saw now and which refused to be touched And no doubt but there was such a like doubt not only in those good Women and in Thomas whom nothing but a Touch of Christ's Body could convince but also in the other Disciples therefore as Christ said to them a Spirit hath not Flesh and Bones as I have Luke 24.39 So he said to those Holy Women fear not ye to wit that I am any Phantasm only and not that very Body which was laid in the Grave Matth. 28.10 Hence Luke Relates no more because I say though they saw Jesus then yet did they still doubt that it was not Jesus himself but only a Spectrum Therefore it is said there Him they saw not ver 24 for at the least Cleophas the Relator thereof did not as yet believe that Jesus was really Risen However Mathew speaks fully supplying the shortness of the other Evangelists and saying that as the Holy Women went at the command of the Angel to tell the Disciples they met with Jesus in the way behold Jesus met them saying all Hail 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gaudete Rejoyce ye Matth. 28.9 and now are they more fully perswaded that it was the Lord who was Risen indeed from thence is their double posture 1. Of falling at his Feet and 2. Holding him fast by his Feet as loth to let him go whom they had now and Adored I am not ignorant how those Learned Interpreters who would reduce the number of Christ's Appearances into seven only do Interpret Mathew here Synecdochically and by an Enallage Numeri as if Mathew's plural Number speaking of them to wit Women should be understood only of one Woman to wit Mary Magdalen which John speaks of only and of no other Women or because of Magdalen's Waiting-Maid as Maldonate saith was with her Mistress c. but Augustin Gregory Nyssen c. among the Antients with whom Pareus and other Worthy Modern Authors do concur make these two to be differing Relations of two distinct Apparitions John Writing distinctly of the first only and Matthew of the second These Reasons do seem to render it probable 1. The place was differing the first Appearance was at the Sepulchre the second was in the way to the City 2. In the first there was a Prohibition of Nols me tangere to Magdalen but none in the second but rather Incouragement be not afraid John 20.17 Matth. 28.9 10. 3. The Person 's are differing Mary Magdalen was alone in the first but many other Holy Women had the priviledge of the second Appearance St Mathew indeed doth Name only the two Maties but St. Mark adds Salome and Luke not only adds Joanna but also other nameless Women Mar. 16. v. 1. Luke 24.10 All these were together when our Lord made his Second Appearance So that Mary Magdalen had the Honour of Christ's two first Appearances Inquiry But where was
a wicked World casts upon them for so doing Thus those Holy men did here with the doors shut and thus they did after Acts 12.13 with ver 6.18 c. And 3. That the Zeal of God's glory and our Soul 's good should sometimes so eat us up as to make us forget to eat bread Thus was it with our Lord often Jo. 2.17 4.31 32 33 34. Matth. 21.18 c. And thus it was with the Apostles here who had a long fast for a Supper even the distance of time wherein the two Foot-men could foot it betwixt Emmaus and Jerusalem c. The Second Remark is the place where which in general was Jerusalem whence we may note that our Lord is oft better than his word of promise but never worse The promise was only that the Lord would go before them into Galilee Matth. 28.7 And there to make his Appearance to them yet better things were performed than were promised for no fewer than Five times had Christ now appeared to one or other of their Company either about nigh or in Jerusalem before that Solemn Appearance in Galilee afterward If inquiry be made why should Christ appear in Galilee according to that promise rather than in Judea 'T is answered for these Reasons 1st as Galilee Hebr. signifies Transmigration so herein was intimated the passing over of the Gospel of Christ from the Jews to the Gentiles mentioned Acts 13.46 2dly because he had more Disciples in Galilee than in Judea to whom he would have his Resurrection testified by Eye witnesses Acts 10.41 For there as some say he shewed himself to five hundred at once 1 Cor. 15.6 Christ was willing to satisfy many together and withal to confirm all 3dly Because in Galilee all his Disciples might meet more safely and freely than in Judea where they feared the Pharisees c. N.B. That place which bids Christ and his Gospel most welcome must be appointed the place of his meeting them But in particular the place was where there was a private House in Jerusalem and situated in some Retired part of it least obvious and exposed to publick View or Resort there were this Apostolical Society Assembled Secretly having the doors shut upon them for fear of the Jews John 20.19 Their fear that the malice of the Kill Christ's would were they discovered in their meetings break in upon them lay Sedition to their charge and much easilyer execute them than they had done their Master Therefore is the reason rendred both why they meet in the night time and why in a secret place and keeping the doors shut Teaching us 1st Not only that the Night time may be canonical hours for Divine Worship in case of persecution as well as the day as before for it was the practice of the primitive as well as of those primo-primitive Christians from fear in the Ten persecutions as Tertullian tells us and Pliny the Second in Traian's time speaks of cantus Antelucanos c. their singing Psalms together before the day did Dawn which was the greatest crime that Sage Heathen could find in them But also that God may be acceptably worshiped in private places when and where publick places are denyed c. For the Apostle's Rule is that men must pray every where 1 Tim. 2.8 He confines not God's worship to Temples God is as little a respecter of places as of persons hereby they had the Appearance of Christ among them according to his promise wherever two or three be gathered together in my name there will I be in the midst of them Mat. 18.20 whether the place be Publick or Private This 2dly Teacheth us that it is our duty to avoid all needless dangers The Apostles here well knew that those Jews who had Killed their Lord would make no scruple to Kill his Disciples therefore are they careful for their own security and not wittingly and willingly rush headlong into eminent and evident Hazards There is a Will-suffering as well as a Will-worshiping Though the Cross be needful and must be born when it lies betwixt us and our duty and God lays it on There is then no going aside from it or leaping over it yet must we have a care that we rush not or rashly run into needless Crosses and bring them without a call upon our own heads This is a tempting of God The care of the means belong to us but the care of the end belongs to God We loose the comfort of bearing the Cross which we wilfully wrest and wrestle our selves under This is to be righteous and wise overmuch and why shouldst thou destroy thy self Ecclus. 7.16 3dly It Teacheth us likewise how differing are the Actings of one and the same godly man according to the strength or weakness of Grace in him Thus it was with those Apostles while their Faith was weak they were for Absconding and creeping into corners c. But when their Faith was made strong by the powring out of the holy Spirit on Pentecost Day upon them then by the strength of their great Grace daily in the Temple as well as from house to house They ceased not to Teach and Preach Jesus Christ Acts 5.42 Even severe Stripes could not scare them from their duty now whom threatning words which brake no bones affrighted before Every man therefore must measure his own actings according to his strength or weakness The more or less strength a man hath accordingly is his courage more or less and none ought presumptuously to put forth themselves beyond the strength of their Grace received as is the man so is his strength Judges 8.21 and as is his strength so ought to be his undertakings and actings If we faint in our Spirits when in trouble then is our strength but small Pro. 24.10 That privacy in the Apostles here was no worse in their state of weakness but prudent piety but such a practice when grown up to a state of strength would have been no better than Pusillanimity where strength of Grace is there 't is better to stand the ground and rather die than fly But in case of weakness 't is safer to fly as that young man did Mark 14.51 52. than to dishonour God as poor Peter did in staying and then in denying his Lord. The 3d Remark is the manner how our Lord appeared to the Eleven This he did without giving any Indicant signs either of his approach by the Sound of his Foot-steps or of his enterance for the Doors were shut and no Key was heard to be turn'd nor any bolt drawn back to open them yet comes he in invisibly to them and stands in the midst of them though the way whereby he came was sensibly apparent to none There be divers opinions how this could be 1. Some say that Christ might slip in unseen when the Doors were opened to let in the two Disciples that came from Emmaus into the Room among them but this cannot correspond with the Scope of the
found in so eminent an Apostle's heart as Thomas was may mind us how much more may be found in the hearts of the best of us poor worthless Worms when left to our selves and in the hand of our own Counsels N.B. So the doors giving way and yielding up a free passage for Christ's entrance here should likewise admonish us how the doors of our hearts ought to yield and give way to Christ's entrance into them when he comes and stands knocking there by the Hammer of his Word and by the Hand of his Spirit How can we be so hard hearted as to suffer a sweet Saviour whose only Errand for our entertaining him is to save our Souls to stand out of doors as it were with his Hat in his hand intreating an open Entrance till his Head be filled with Dew and his Locks with the drops of the Night as the unkind Spouse did Cant. 5.2 Her sleepy heart cost her dear verse 6. They that will not when they may when they would they shall have Nay Shall dead Wood yield and not living Hearts See Psal 24.7 The 4th Remark follows here to wit The Manner How our Lord managed this manifestation of himself this sixth time which was principally for curing and confirming unbelieving Thomas Christ appeared here after the same sort as he had done before John 20.19 26. Both times he came in when the Doors were shut and stood in the midst to be seen and viewed from top to toe by all the Eleven c. As this could not but be a farther confirmation of the Ten Disciple's Faith because they had seen him appear to them after the same sort on the first Day before this Thus Christ most graciously condescended to Gideon for confirming his Faith mentioned Heb. 11.32 by granting him a double sign Judg. 6.37 38 39 40. Both he and these Apostles came not up to a firm Faith at first but by degrees Note So it must serve also for a fuller conviction of Thomas's Unbelief concerning the Relation that his Fellow-Disciples had given him of Christ's last Appearance when he saw his Lord appear again in the same sort as â—hey had related Now the particular manner of Christ's manifesting himself to all the Eleven at this time was both by words and by deeds again as he had done before yet in some circumstances differing as there was now a different occasion For 1st Christ saluted them Thomas and all with the same sweet Salutation Peace be unto you as before and as he had taught them to salute those Houses that willingly received the Gospel of Peace Matth. 10.12 13 c. Let us here turn aside a little with Moses Exod. 3.3 and behold this work of wonder That our Lord should proclaim peace to such an obstinate Rebel against that glorious Truth of Christ's Resurrection as Thomas was Though the Renegado-ten Apostles might upon their Rocovery by Repentance be reckoned as worthy of this Salute yet sure I am this stubborn Unbeliever Thomas must needs be look'd upon as most unworthy of any such gracious Congratulation for he had been prescribing a Law of believing to himself and putting on a limiting Condition upon his Soveraign Lord contrary to that command Thou shalt not limit the Holy One of Israel Psal 78.41 too sawcily saying Except I see in his hands c. and thrust my hand into his side I will not believe John 20.25 Notwithstanding all this wicked wilfulness and peevish perverseness in Thomas yet shall he have his particular share in this general peace Who but the Son of Peace the Saviour of Sinners would have so said to and so saluted such an unworthy Sinner This clear Character of Christ's candour and kindness in the case of Thomas may serve to encourage us to put in for our part in Christ's Peace though in rigour of Justice we be altogether unworthy to partake thereof 2dly After our Saviour had Saluted them all in general comprehending Thomas for whose sake peculiarly was the benefit of this 6 Appearance designed he shewed again his wounds for the sake of this one doubting Soul Note Oh marvelous Clemency These were the most indubitable signs of the Reality of his Resurrection whereas had he made his raised Body to pierce the solid Wood and to pass through the shut Doors this Act would have added strength to their Doubtings that it was not Christ himself but some Spectrum or Spirit for it is the property of Spirits and not of true Bodies to penetrate other Bodies Beside 't is against the very scope of this Appearance which plainly was to be touched by Thomas that by touching he might come to know and believe now such a penetration of Diameters or solid Dimensions would have unavoidably rather weakened than strengthened that Faith which he came to confirm as well as recover seeing as no meer Spirit can be touched so no solid Body can enter while doors be shut However was his passage in upon them it was not that of a Spectrum or Phantasm but of the Omnipotent God yet did this God Man shew here the wounds of his Manhood More especially to Thomas for whose sake he came and to whom be said Reach hither thy hands c. John 20.27 Note John mentions both Christ's wounded hands and his wounded side but makes no menâ—ion of his wounded feet yet this is supplied by Luke who relates how Christ said to them Behold my hâ—â—ds and my feet c. Luke 24.39 Oh wonderful Divine condescension not only in his vouchsafing to appear again and shewing his wounds for the fuller removal of that scruple that terrified all the Ten Apostles thinking him to be but a Phantasm verse 37. whereas by this second show of himself and of his wounds the Ten were further confirmed that it was the same Body which was crucified and now raised up alive again But more especially was this gracious vouchsafement made to this unbelieving Thomas c. 3dly Christ gave Thomas not only an â—oular as to the others but also a palpable demonstration saying to him Feel with thy finger those four lesser wounds which the four Nails made in my hands and feet and thrust thy whole hand into that greater wound made by the Souldier's Spear in my side c. And annexing with it a friendly Reproof Be not faithless but believing Note Thus Christ can be content to condescend thus graciously unto the weakness of this Unbeliever who undoubtedly was much to be blamed for his so presumptuously prescribing and laying such unreasonable Laws upon his Lord because Christ saw that the Root of the matter was in him as Job 19.28 the seed of God still remaining 1 John 3 â— The Radical Grace of Faith was yet budding forth some fâ—int desires in him to believe better and to repent â—ore of his 〈◊〉 therefore did Christ out of his matchless candour and compassion condescend to him and to his weakness Thus our Lord did to Jairus Mark 5.23 c. who
upon the death of the other should become James the great and be brought into the same Rank Office and Imployment to which may be added how Antiquity did honour him with the Title of James the just who was among Believers espetially among those in Judaea of great Reputation and Authority The Tenth Appearance of Christ the last of all was That upon Mount Oliver St. Luke saith He lest them forâ—h as far as Bethany Luke 24.50 Bethany was near Jerusalem and bordering upon the Mount of Oliver Mark 11.1 and Act 's 1. 〈◊〉 At this Bethany his three dear Friends dwelt Laâ—drâ—s Mary and Martha From hence he went to his Cross and from hence also he would go to his Crown for from this place he ascended up to Heaven This last we may well suppose was the great grand and most general Appearance whereunto more than 500 were Assembled that Paul speaks of 1 Cor. 15.6 to take their fast farewel of their Ascending Saviour All his numerous Disciples but of Galilee as well as those fewer out of Judaea for the Disciples that met in Jerusalem were reckoned no more than one hundred and twenty Acts 1.15 however numerous that on Mount Tabor's meeting in Galilee was yet now when he remanded his Disciples back from Galilee to Jerusalem and there comes again to them leading them out thence to the Mount of Olives for more secresie from fresh uproars and became no wicked ones must be witnesses of his Ascension Acts 10.47 This last Manifestation upon Earth must be to a more numerous meeting This Opinion saith Peter Martyr on 1 Cor. 15.6 is backed by the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Above which respects place as well as number implying saith Grotius with Peter Martyr that Christ shewed himself on high as standing up upon some Rising ground or lifting up himself into the Air to be plainly viewed by this great Company so they all conspicuously beheld him in his own former figure and lineaments nor yet in the Majesty of his glorified Body lest they should mistake him for some glorious Angel and not as one who was Crucified dead and buried Note Therefore did he hide his Glory during the forty days rather for their sakes than for any want of it in himself for it was necessary for the Disciples that they see him so as to know him that they might the better Preach the great Truth of the Resurrection Pareus saith likewise with others that this last was the solemnest meeting it being Christ's Valedictory Appearance to above five hundred persons at once this must needs be a General Assembly for settling the great Fundamental Truths of the Christian Religion to be known believed and observed in the Gospel-Churches to the end of the World Note At this last meeting which Paul also mentions 1 Cor. 15.6 with five hundred Brethren Christ's last work was to settle a Gospel-Ministry then Baptism c. as is principally and largely described by Matthew and Mark and more briefly by Luke and John By all those Testimonies it is manifest that this numerous meeting was when all the Disciples were returned from Galilee to Jerusalem at which the Lord gave out his commissions to the Apostles and first Indued them with a full power of Preaching the Gospel to all the World and of Baptizing all Nations for remitting of sins also he gave them Ministerial Authority he likewise set them to the Rights about their Doting expectations of a Temporal Kingdom which they more especially looked for now that their Lord was Risen from the dead a work far above all his former Miracles while he was living and had now brought them to Jerusalem again with such a confluence of followers and where he taught them things pertaining to the Kingdom of God c. Acts 1.3 4 5 6 7 then gave he them commandment to tarry at Jerusalem till the Holy Spirit was sent them at length he led them forth as far as Bethany and they all looking on he Ascended into Heaven verse 9 c. The Grand Remarks that concern this last and most solemn meeting must be collected by piece-meal out of the four Evangelists The first out of Matthew chap. 28. verse 18 c. Jesus came near and spake to them c. This he did saith Grotius in his last Appearance as appeareth by comparing this place with John 21.15 c For Matthew makes a Compendium here of all the principal heads of Christ's Sermons that he Preached to his Apostles not only in that Mount but at Jerusalem both before and after when being at Bethany he was about to Ascend c. Then Christ came nearer and in a more familiar manner to do away at once all their doubts fully as he still draws nearer to all his weak doubting Disciples and communicates himself more familiarly to them plainly saying All power in Heaven is given to me He had it from Eternity as God Phil. 2.7 now 't is given him as Man for Redeeming Mankind at his Resurrection ver 8. Here Christ praemiseth his power yea and promiseth his presence Mat. 28.20 the better to perswade the Apostles to undertake this Work his great Work of subduing the World to the Obedience of Faith To incourage them therefore therein he faith I have all power in Heaven that is to send the Holy Spirit thence to you Asts 2.33 and to take you into Heaven when your Work is done Mat. 25.34 and on Earth too that is a power to gather my Church out of all Nations Ps 2.8 Mark 16.15 16. and to Rule as Lord over all Acts 10.36 43 Eph. 1.20 21 22. Rev. 17. ver 14 Dan. 7.14 go ye therefore forth in this my strength as Gideon did Jud. 6.14 execute your Office and Fear not the Face of Man doubt not of sucess for though ye be but Barley Cakes Course and Contemptible yet in my Name ye shall overthrow the Weak Tents of a Wicked World and the strong holds of the Subtle Serpent Jud. 7.13 Your despised Lamps and Pitchers shall Atchieve great matters ye shall Disciple all Nations deliver to them my Doctrine and Sacraments and reduce them from their Extravagances into an Universal Obedience the whole Man unto my whole Law and though your Work be hard and above any humane hand yet shall ye and your Succesors have my Divine presence to preserve you from your Enemies to prosper you in your Enterprizes and to perform for you whatever heart can wish or need require ver 19.20 This precious promise I will be with you includes to protect to direct to comfort us to carry on our Grace and to Crown us with Glory The 2d Remark is From the Evangelist Mark Chap. 16.14 c. Who Sums up all Christ's Appearances in one so useth his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Postremo or lastly Comprizing this last Appearance as well as those that went before his last charge to the Apostles go Preach the Gospel to every Creature ver 15. not in Judea
among common Malefactors and though they were fetched out from Prison by an holy Angel yet were they after beaten by these wicked men v. 40. Note Oh the Tenderness of God to his tender Servants while these Apostles were but tender Striplings and not yet grown up to maturity God stays the Rough Wind in the day of the East-Wind and lets it out of his fist as Prov. 30.4 not whole bushels of Affliction at once but only by peck and by peck as the Hebrew word signifies Isa 27.8 as his people are made able to bear 1 Cor. 10.13 They were but tender Plants at their being first filled with the Spirit Acts 2.4 so must not at the first be blown upon with the boisterous blasting and blustering Euroclydon Acts 27.14 or East-Wind of Persecution lest those Trees of Righteousness of God's planting and watering Isa 61.3 should be too much shaken or blowed down quite by the Roots But now after they were filled the second time with the Spirit Acts 4.31 and so better fitted for suffering work by the Spirit of Glory that rested on them 1 Pet. 4.14 they must now grapple with greater Sufferings at this time N.B. There is most comfortable Gospel in that Levitical Law What Vessel is not able to bear the purifying by Fire it shall suffice to rinse them by Water Numb 31.23 In God's great House there be various Vessels some of Wood as well as others of Gold c. 2 Tim. 2.20 21. The Psalmist speaks of both a passing through the Fire and also a passing through the Water Psal 66.10 12. So compassionate and tender-hearted is our heavenly Father toward us that rather than our spirit should fail in the day of our Affliction because our strength is small Prov. 24. v. 10. he will not over-afflict us with Fiery Trials it shall suffice to purifie us with brackish Waters c. He will suit the stroke to the strength he will proportion the burden to the back of the bearer Thus dealt God with David's Son gently chastizing him with the Rod of weak Men 2 Sam. 7.14 15. as tender Parents chasten their stubborn Children to break their stomachs but not their bones God will not scourge us with Scorpions nor crush us with the weight of his own mighty hand upon us The third Remark is that no Humane Misery can befal the Church and Children of God but there is a suitable Salvo of Divine Mercy They can meet with no kind of Malady upon Earth but what may have a more powerful and preponderating Remedy from Heaven Note God sometimes shifts hands and changes means and methods of his Church's Deliverance as here The first was by an Angel the second by Men he works both ways by Peter's Apology or by Gamaliel's Counsel he will be exalted in his own strength when not in the strength of the creature Psal 21.13 not by might but spirit Zech. 4.6 Here the foul Fiend of Hell the Devil by his Imps prevails so far as to cast the Apostles into Prison there he lodges and confines them But is the matter carried so No God sends an Angel who over-powers and out-pulls the Devil makes a forcible Entry with a Rescue and pulls the Prisoners out of Prison c. God could have delivered them by other means but he useth here the Ministry of Angels for the better confirmation of their new exercised Faith letting them see by experience that he had given his Angels charge over them Psal 91.11 And the same and no less is the priviledge of all that fear God The Angels incamp round about them Psal 34.7 They are ministring Spirits sent forth to minister to all Heirs of Salvation Heb. 1.14 Suppose Satan as our Saviour saith Rev. 2.10 should cast some of us into Prison still God's hand is not shortned 't is God's Ordinance doubtless and the good we must now look for from Angels is as they are in the hands of a Mediator Gal. 3.19 They are all under Christ's Power Matth. 11.27 and 28.18 They ministred to him Matth. 4.11 and Rolled away the Stone from the mouth of his Sepulchre Mat. 28.2 They healed Bodies John 5.4 opened Prisons as here and Acts 12.7 N.B. And undoubtedly they do many signal and singular services for God's Servants still though their visible Apparitions be ceased yet their invisible Operations for Heirs of Salvation shall never cease Some have thought they have felft the touch of an Angel when they have been entring upon some evil Act and thereby have been reclaimed 'T was doubtless an Angel that spoke to Mr. Laremouth a Scotch Minister and Chaplain to the Lady Ann of Cleve and being praying in Prison in the Marian days saying once twice thrice Arise and go thy ways whereupon he arising from his knees and ending his prayer immediately a piece of the Prison-wall fell down whereby he not only was delivered from being crushed to pieces but also escaped beyond Sea c. N.B. God will now have us to live by Faith and not to walk by Sense and therefore we must not see those Ministring Angels yet ought we so to believe as to improve this Ordinance of God N. B. It may be God will make use of Angels to throw down Babylon with Violence and with a Vengeance Rev. 18.21 When Rome that Rueful Milstone which hath grounded to Powder so many Myriads of Saints shall be irreparably Ruined yea rather than the Everlasting Gospel should not be Preached perpetually but fail by the forced silence of holy Men's Ministry God may make an Angel Preach it c. Rev. 14.6 No doubt but Angels do now act for the Church and Children of God though invisibly their hands are under their wings Ezek. 1.8 They are not seen now because Christ governs his Church in a spiritual way yet have we communion with them by Christ though in an invisible manner Hec. 12.22 They are our Nurses to keep us in our way wherein while we abide they protect us c. This they do for us from our Birth to our Death and then as Nurses they carry home the Nurse-child to the Father's house at his command Luke 16.22 Holy Angels fight for us though the Devil and his Angels fight against us Rev. 12.7 This is comfort The 4th Remark is God works such convincing and such confounding Deliverances for his Church and Children that their Adversaries are non-plus'd and horribly perplexed thereby Thus was it with these Adversaries 't is said They doubted about these wonderful things that were done whereunto this Deliverance would grow Acts 5.24 The word translated They doubted is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies to be thrust into inextricable straits to be profoundly perplexed so 't is read of Herod Luke 9 7. They as he did stood here amuzed and amazed they as it were stuck fast in the Mud and could find no way out and knew not which way to turn themselves They were in such doubt and fear as put them to a loss what
spots in her also The sacred Scriptures do Record two Spots in this Church 1st The sin of Hypocritical Sacrilege in two of her Members Acts 5. but this sin 't is told there also was miraculously expiated by the death of those two sinners And 2dly The sin of murmuring Acts 6.1 which indeed is a great grievous God-provoking-sin as Exod. 16.7 8. Numb 14.27 36. and 16.17 and 17.5 John 6.43 and 1 Cor. 10.10 c. Note well These Murmurers were destroyed by the Destroyer The Rabbins say God wrote their sin upon their punishment for as they had sinned with their Tongues so they died by an Inflamation upon their Tongues and Worms issuing out of them Numb 14.37 But as to this Murmuring that arose in this Apostolical Church it was seasonably discovered and redressed by the choice of Deacons equally concerned in the Hellenists as well as Hebrews Nor can we find upon Record any one Church-sin whereby such a blessed and useful Instrument as Stephen so full of the Holy Ghost and Wisdom was forfeited But on the contrary N.B. Acts 8.2 Such great Grace remained upon the whole Church that the eminently religious Members durst give their stoned Stephen a solemn Funeral and with great mourning also as being sensible of the Church's great loss in him being nothing afraid of those mad Murtherers and furious persecuting Butchers though those outragious Zealots look'd upon it as a piaculiar Act and of deep pollution among the Jews to touch a dead Corps especially of such an one as was put to death for Blasphemy yet did these Devout Men bear him upon their shoulders and perform'd such Funeral Rites for him as were usual only for those of greatest Eminency such as were used for the Patriarch Jacob Gen. 50.1 3 10. at his Interment and more lately at Lazorus's even by our Lord himself John 11.35 Thus the Church here lamented their great loss in such a Man at such a time which may serve to condemn that unnatural Apathy or Stupidity of Stoicks rather than of Christians in our day to lament over Dead Members especially Ministers of Note is a laudable Custom However though no foregoing foul sin can be found in this Church whereby either its Officers or its own Peace might be forfeited yet this we find that a great persecution was raised against her Acts 8.1 not as heretofore against the Apostles only but now it was against the whole Church Whereas God had before this restrained the Rage of those persecuting Priests c. with their fear of the people lest they should lose their favour Acts 4.21 and 5.26 N.B. This Awe had hitherto held them in as is the unruly Horse by Bit and Bridle Psal 32.9 but now through the unsearchable Wisdom of God the Reins of that restraining Bridle are let loose and laid along the Neck of those furious persecuting Beasts to run Riot according to their own wicked will and according as the Devil drove them by both his Whip and Spurs 'T is Tertullian's phrase every Persecutor hath Insessorem Diabolum the Devil for his Driver and as saith the Proverb They must needs go yea run whom the Devil drives The lusts of their Father they both must and will do John 8.44 Satan is call'd the God of this World 2 Cor. 4.4 because as the great God at the Creation did but speak the word and it was done so if the Devil do but hold up his finger give the least hint his Vassals do obey him N.B. Thus those Priests did who when they saw the people whom they had formerly feared so tamely suffer them to stone Stephen to death do inlarge their Outrage which hitherto they had let flie against the Apostles only but now they fall foul upon the whole Church wherein Saul 1. Was their fit Instrument by whose Diabolical craft and cruelty they proceeded 2. To persecute the Church so effectually as to disperse it abroad Their Staff of Bands and Beauty Zech. 11.10 14. their former Fellowship was now broken N.B. A little discourse 1. Of the Efficient cause of this Persecution and then 2. Of the sad Effects thereof may not do amiss as follows 1. The Divine Record doth stigmatize this Saul to strike with the Devil 's great Hammer herein This same Saul gives an account of his own Education that he was brought up at Gamaliel's feet Acts 22.3 but alas how little had he learnt of his Tutor or Master's Moderation for his Tutor had taught this his Pupil to do nothing rashly much less to be found fighting against God as he daringly dehorted the Grand Council and thereby prudently and piously-got them dissolved whereby he disappointed the Devil's design of that Satanical Sanhedrim in the Church's second Persecution Acts 5.34 to 41. whereof Saul sitting at his feet could not be ignorant Yet this Heteroclite and degenerating Pupil was so fill'd with a furious Phrenzy against Christ and his Gospel that he spent his Youth in Persecution for while he was but a Young Man 't is said that the Witnesses which stoned Shephen threw off their upper Garments that they might be more nimble to stone him and laid them down at this Young Man's feet Acts 7.58 for they were to cast the first stones Deut. 17.7 And the Spirit of God doth farther brand Saul that he was consenting to Stephen's death Acts 8.1 Though he was no Actor in it yet was he a Consenter to it and thereby became guilty of the same bloody Crime N.B. 'T is all one to hold the Sack and to fill it to do evil and to consent to it There is heart-murder as well as hand-murder Matth. 5.22 and committing Adultery with the mind as well as with the body Matth. 5.28 A mind to do evil is sin in the seed which time and opportunity brings forth to maturity James 1.14 15. Quae quid non licuit non facit ille facit God may justly judge us saith Austin for our evil affections though we may want an opportunity for our evil actions N.B. Thus Christ charged all the Blood that was shed from Abel to that day upon the Priests c. Matth. 23.35 because by their consenting to shed Innocent Blood now they consented to and approved of all the Murders of the Innocent that had been perpetrated in all former Ages Nor did Saul here barely consent for the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies He was well pleased with it did approve of it in thought word and deed Acts 22.4 20. and 26.10 11. as he acknowledged of himself and 't is said that this Saul made Havock of the Church Acts 8.3 which phrase makes some think that he was the Raving Wolf of the Tribe of Benjamin which was prophesied by Jacob Gen. 49.27 He unlearned the Lenity and Moderation of his over-ruled Master N.B. Yet easily learned the Savage Cruelty of the mad Multitude so became as mad as the most and worst of that Rude Rabble yea stepping a degree higher beyond the ordinary
baptized Peter's Question was without Question Can any man forbid Water c Acts 10.47 He argueth from the thing signified to the sign and his Question in effect is a vehement Assertion and a most cogent Argument as it is improved by him afterwards Acts 11.17 importing that such as God hath granted Inward Baptism unto no Man no Minister must deny the Outward N. B. As he that hath a right to and a propriety in an Inheritance cannot without manifest injury and injustice be denied the Writings and Seals thereunto appertaining Because these Gentiles had the Grace signified and promised in Baptism and so had got the Inward part therefore to deny them the Outward part could not but be a very injurious Act Hereupon they were baptized in the Name of the Lord Acts 10.48 which was not a differing practice from Christ's precept In the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost Matth. 28.19 for under that title the Lord is meant not only Christ the Anointed but also the Father who Anointed him and the Spirit by whom he was Anointed So the same phrase Acts 2.38 and 19.2 5. Rom. 6.3 and Gal. 3.27 is understood N. B. Thus also the Sacrament of Baptism seals up Adoption in Infants born of believing Parents and pronounced holy 1 Cor. 7.14 having thereby the Inward Grace they have a right to the Outward Sign as it doth Seal up Faith in those of Riper years c. The twelfth Remark is The Call and Conversion of the Gentiles became a dreadful stumbling-block to the Jews yea to the Believers as well as Unbelievers We read how They of the Circumcision who believed were astonished c. Acts 10.45 Those were the six Brethren who accompanied Peter from Joppa to Caesarea Acts 11.12 N. B. Peter acted prudently in taking so many men of the Jews with him to bear a full Testimony by so many mouths concerning the Grace of God given to the Gentiles foreseeing what an offence it would prove to the Jews But these six Companions of Peter were only amazed at this and well they might beholding the Holy Ghost bestowed upon the Gentiles this first time in the like manner as it was at its bestowing upon the Jewish Nation Acts 2.4 namely by immediate Infusion Whereas at all other times where any mention is made of giving the Gifts of the Spirit we find a mention also of Imposition of Hands used in order to obtain that extraordinary grace this made those six men astonished not yet understanding the mystery of the Call of the Gentiles but thinking that Christ and his Grace had only been promised to the Jews But the very Apostles and Brethren in Judaea only hearing of these things but not seeing them were down-right offended at Peter when he returned the second time to Jerusalem and plainly quarrelled with him for going to the Gentiles and eating with them Acts 11.1 2 3 c. Now comes in that great Point to be disputed Whether Peter did well in admitting the Gentiles into Gospel-Communion without Circumcision This is justified by two Topicks The first is the Argument pressed in Peter's Apology to those who took him to Task for his Baptizing Cornelius c. And the second is drawn from the commendable and successful Edification of the Gentile-Church at Antioch As to the first it consists of two parts the Offence of the one party and the Defence of the other First The Offence was too captiously taken but not really given so it was Scandalum acceptum not datum This conversing with the Gentiles or Heathens was look'd upon as a piacular and detestable crime among the Jews as not only contrary to the Tradition of their Elders and Precepts of their wise men but also to those Scripture allusions Let him be to thee as on Heathen Matth. 18.17 and not to keep company or to eat with Idolaters 1 Cor. 5.10 11. therefore the Apostles Brethren and Jews of the Circumcision charge Peter home for violation of their Law N. B. We may well wonder here that those Believers who had not only one God to their Father but also one Church to their Mother yea were born of the same Spirit and were fed by the same Milk of the Word of God should yet quarrel upon this occasion because the Gentiles were not only informed of the Truth but also reformed from their Errours yea and plainly transformed into the same Image of the Word which they had through grace now received as if the Jews designed to make a Monopoly of a whole Jesus to themselves from the Gentiles We may wonder the more at this contention N. B. Because we find no such quarrel at Peter and John for their going down to Samaria though the Samaritans were odious enough to the Jewish Nation c. This only may be said to qualifie that Journey beside their Commission from Christ Acts 1.8 because the Samaritans were neither uncircumcised nor Idolaters both which they knew the Heathens or Gentiles were and therefore more detestable to them N. B. There was indeed a partition-wall betwixt Jew and Gentile of God's own erecting that the former might not have any familiar converse especially in Marriages with the latter and the â—abbi's made this wall larger than God had made it making it unlawful to eat with or enter into the house of a Gentile hence arose this Objection of theirs against Peter's practice Acts 11.3 Whereas the Law of God forbad not all commerce with the Gentiles much less that whereby they might be gained to God but that only which might corrupt the Jews and withdraw them from God And Peter himself who is now cavilled at professeth his conscientious observation of that Law of God Acts 10.28 to Cornelius c. and to God himself verse 14. Yea and of the very Traditions of the Elders also over and above the Law of God John 4.9 and 18.28 c. till God convinced him by a Vision Acts 10.15 c. First These Believing Jews who contended with Peter here were all zealous of the Law Acts 21.20 21. in Paul's case there as now in Peter's here and still were so weak as to be too much addicted to Jewish Ceremonies insomuch that they thought Circumcision simply necessary to Salvation Acts 15.1 5. and would have the Believing Gentiles also circumcised until they were better instructed as there by the Decrees of the Church Acts 15.29 So here by the Relation of Peter as here followeth for their farther and fuller satisfaction Nor did those Zealots of the Legal Rites object against Peter saying Why hast thou Baptized the Gentiles or why didst thou Preach to them For this would have been an injurious affront to Christ and contrary to his express command Mat. 28 19 Acts 1.8 c. Secondly The Defence Peter maketh to their offence objected from ver 4. to v. 18. Acts 11. wherein Peter not pretending any preheminence over the Church as his pretended Successors do at this day willingly submitteth himself and
and Dead at the last day v. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31. This last was his Epilogue Thirdly The Issue and Effects of his Sermon upon his Auditory consisting both of Jews and Gentiles and those learned and unlearned Some were effectually called but others were hardned And tho' there was a Synagogue of the Jews in this City yea and Great Heathen Scholars in that Vniversity both which never had heard any thing preached concerning Christ Crucified c. though probably those learned Gentiles might have heard from those Devout Jews there some report of the True God yet Paul the Preacher after he had done this Sermon is permitted to go out in peace without punishment tho' he had loudly Declaimed against the Idolatry of the place verse 32 33 34. But more of this last in the Remarks which follow The first Remark is Humane learning alone cannot learn any place or people the Divine Truths of Christ and his Gospel N.B. This Athens which Paul came to that he might be out of the reach of his Adversaries was the most Soveraign City in all Greece and had in it the most famous University so that it was most higly honoured with that Eminent Title of being called the Greece of Greece and the very eye of Greece as Greece was accounted the eye of the world which was all reputed blind in comparison of it yet notwithstanding all their Scholarship all their learning could not teach them to attain any saving knowledge until Paul came and preached it to them but on the contrary that City and University too was wholly given to Idolatry verse 16. Insomuch that Pausanias reckons up more Idols almost in Athens than in all Greece besides And Xenophon telleth us that the Athenians did keep double their Superstitious Holy days and Festivals to what other Grecian Cities did And Josephus in his 2d book to Appion saith that those Athenians exceeded all other Cities in their Idol worship worshipping Shame Fame Desire c. in their peculiar Temples as Cicero and other Authors among the wiser Heathens do acknowledge Yea to Sum up all in one word one of themselves do confess that our Region is so full of Idols that it is easier to find a God among us than a man their Idols and Images being as numerous as their Inhabitants N.B. All which teacheth us not only how defective humane learning is alone in the knowledge of Divine Mysteries though it be call'd a good Handmaid yet it is always but a bad mistress where it is not subservient to Grace but also that Corruptio optimi est pessima Tho' learning be a good thing in it self yet when it is corrupted by a busy Devil and a base heart it degenerates into the worst instrument in the world as it did here We read how the Angel spake by an Ass Num. 22.28 yet the Devil spake by a Serpent more subtle than all the beasts of the Field Gen. 3.1 The second Remark is All known and notorious Acts of sin especially that God provoking and Land destroying sin of Idolatry are unbearable to behold by any gracious Spirit Thus it was unto blessed Paul here his Spirit was stirred up in him c. verse 16. The Idolatry that was practiced by the people of this place before his eyes did plainly put him into a Paroxysm as the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifies the same with Acts 15.39 He was almost besides himself being in a transport by beholding their abominate Idolatry This drove him into a strange Concussion of contrary passions Paul here was highly affected with divers affections and passions of Mind As 1. With Grief for so learned and yet so blind a City and University so miserably dovoted to such Sottish and Simple Superstition 2. With Anger and Indignation against the Superabounding Idolatry of that people who should have made a better improvement of their Learning 3. With Zeal and Ardent Desire to undeceive them and better inform them with his Evangelical Instructions And therefore wherever any persons whether in the Synagogue or in any other part of the City would but lend him a little Audience such were his transports of Zeal that he would preach to them verse 17. practising that in his own person what he exhorted Timothy and all Ministers to do namely to preach in Season and out of Season 2 Tim. 4.2 Giving still to the Jews the priority and to those Proselytes of the Gentiles who were come over from Paganism to the Jewish worship He throws the net of the Gospel still where the most Fish were stirring The third Remark is Christ and his Doctrine of the Gospel is the Grand stumbling-block to the blind World both Jews and Gentiles Learned and Vnlearned 1 Cor. 1. ver 18 19 20 21 22 23. The Jews would not believe in a Christ whom they had Crucified not giving Credit to Christ's word without signs and wonders tho' they wanted them not Matth. 12.38 John 4.48 the Greeks or most learned of the Gentiles looked upon it as an Idle Story that he who is and was God blessed for ever should be Crucified because this could not be demonstrated to them by natural causes and Rational Arguments which they only depended upon knowing nothing of any Divine Revelation Their deep Theorems of Philosophy as King James the first said made them not better but worse men even mere Atheists especially those Epicurians and Stoicks verse 18. who held nothing to be desirable but what delighted their senses this made them more Swine than men and to Ridicule the Doctrine of Paul as a new Doctrine and himself a babler introducing Anastasis or the Resurrection he so often named as a new Goddess to their more than a good many Goddesses which they adored already N.B. While Paul told them of the true God in opposition to their Idols they cry not out so much against him for they could not but hear something hereof from the Jews and Proselytes that lived among them but when he preached to them a Christ Crucified Risen and Glorified this was a novelty tho' truth is elder than the oldest errour which startl'd them they draw him to their most cruel Court consisting of their most learned men v. 19 yet not so much to condemn him for it as to be informed better by him of it c. The fourth Remark is Behold here the wonderful work of the over-ruling Providence of God over the Acting of all evil men Tho' those vain Philosophers apprehended Paul as a babler 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as such a contemptible person that had nothing to live upon but upon the off falls of Corn which in measuring falleth off the Bushell when stricken and was used to be picked up by the poorest of the People as the Greek word signifies or as a setter forth of strange Gods out of his own private opinion which they only allowed to be done by publick Authority even as many as they pleased Or as some interpret
20.1 N.B. In which Chapter his four places of Commoration into which the whole Chapter may be Resolved as he returned to Jerusalem are mentioned The First is Macedonia from verse 1. to 7. The second is Troas from verse 7. to 13. The third is Assos from verse 13. to 17. The fourth is Miletus from verse 17. to the end of the Chapter wherein all the occurencies and Actions of Paul in all these four places while he abode there in Transitu or Journey to Jerusalem are recorded in several Circumstances N.B. These four Resolves into which the whole Chapter is reduced afford us many Remarks as followeth The first Remark is A Minister of Christ may depart from a place and people where his Ministry hath been successful when driven from thence by persecution N.B. Thus Paul departs from Ephesus where God had a great harvest he giving place to wrath and yielding to the fury of Demetrius and his Tumult not so much for his own safety for had he not been hindered he would have thrust in among the Rabble either to have appeased the uproar or at the worst to have dyed Christ's Sacrifice if he might no longer live his Servant Acts 19.30 31. as for the good of the Church that the brethren there might not be farther persecuted for his sake and that elsewhere the Church by his Ministry might be the more inlarged and edified This was Christ's command when persecuted in one City flee to another Matth 10.23 The second Remark is Such places and people as the Ministers of the Gospel have been persecuted from may have an hopeful and happy return of those same Ministers at least to give them a Corroborating and Comforting visit afterwards N.B. Thus Paul returned from Ephesus to Macedonia Acts 20.1 and 1 Cor. 16.5 from whence he had been driven by persecution some five years ago Acts 16.24 37. as he now was driven from Ephesus yet had he this incouragement for his return which unto all such returning Ministers ought to be presupposed that in that interspace he had received so many evidences of the Macedonians faith towards God and pledges of their Tender affections toward himself Phil. 4.15 16. that as one obliged to revisit them and to bestow his Apostolical pains again among them he resolves to Venture himself there at this time also for their further and fuller establishment and proficiency in the Gospel The third Remark is Paul's practice is our pattern in this that at his departure from Ephesus he leaveth Timothy there behind him tho' in a dangerous place and time yet there was a cogent necessity that required such an able substitute because some false teachers were ready to break out there to infect Christ's Flock 1 Tim. 1.3 4. yea Wolves to worry them Acts 20.29 The fourth Remark is God's people under persecution especially if it last long and sharp too stand in need to be strengthened in the faith and truth of the Gospel c. N.B. The Apostle here went over all those parts of Macedonia where he had formerly sowed the seed of God's word both to confirm and to comfort as the word for Exhortation indifferently signifieth those Disciples after so great an opposition and persecution against them They could not but stand in great need of Paul's Cordials that they swouned not by being offended at the Cross of Christ and no better Cordial could be procured than that which Christ delivered wherein he pronounced and promised a special blessing unto all such as are persecuted for Righteousness sake Mat. 5.10 as Peter learnt from his Lord to comfort the persecuted with this Cordial 1 Pet. 3.14 and again 4.14 in both places pronouncing them happy whether it were wounds or but words they suffered so Paul also learnt to do the like The fifth Remark is Long affliction requireth proportionably a long Consolation Here Paul stayed for three Months Acts 20.2 3. to comfort those disconsolate persecuted Grecians Tho' it be said there he came into Greece that is strickly taken for Attica in which province Athens was or for Achaia the chief City where of was Corinth otherwise if Greece be largely taken it contains Macedonia also which was Great Alexander's Countrey called at this day Albany and Subject to the Turks N.B. Which sheweth that God will not be bound to any place and people to tarry with his Gospel among them any longer than not only durante bene-placito during his good pleasure but also quam din se benè gesserint so long as they behave themselves well and do walk worthy of it Alterius perditio nostra fiat Cautio it concerns us to take caution at their and others desolation least we have not an Interpreter a Comforter left us for 3 months together The sixth Remark is 'T is high presumption and no better than a plain tempting of God to run headlong upon evident and eminent dangers and not to improve all the best and lawful means we can to prevent and decline them as Paul did here Acts 20.3 N.B. The cursed Jews when they could not prevail against him by open violence then they contrived secret plots and treachery against him they laid wait for him in his passage not so much as some say like Robbers upon the High way to rob him of these Collections money which he carried with him for the poor Saints at Jerusalem but most likely like murderers designed to take away his life because they hated him with a deadly hatred for his Zeal in the Gospel but God giving him knowledge of it he avoided them by turning another way The seventh Remark is The truth of Saint-ship is evidenced by Action while Paul ftayed at Philippi among his most dear Macedonians N.B. He was doing there as the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 verse 3. signifies he was in continual action As the life natural consists in Action so doth the life Spiritual By these things we live saith Hezekiah Isa 38.16 N.B. And upon this account one man may live more in a month than another in many years In this sence must the Sage Sentence of the Heathen Seneca be taken Saying quamvis vitae paucos fecerimus dies although we have acted but a few days Epist 67. And that better saying of the Ancient Father multos annos in mundo fui sed paucos vixi I have been many years in the world almost fourscore years but I have lived but a few of those years for I was dead in sin the most of them before I began to live and to do for God The renewing Spirit is an active lively thing c. Thus much of Paul's first Commoration in Macedonia Now come we to his second Commoration at Troas in Asia as the other in Greece The Remarks from this second are The first Remark is Paul becomes all things to all men yet would not become sin to any man To the Jews he became a Jew 1 Cor. 9.20 as Acts 18.21 with 18. and 21 24 and 26
Holy Ghost Because 1. They were nominated and elected by a special ad immediate Instinct of the Spirit as Acts 1.24 and 13.2 c. 2. They were ordained by the Apostles who were filled with the Spirit whereby they were inabled to that work Acts 14.23 And also 3. Whosoever is set apart to that Office of over-seeing the Church according to the Rule of God's word is truly made an overseer by the Holy Ghost God concurring in owning and blessing his own Institutions and those are charged by the Apostle here to take heed unto themselves in the first place for he that is not mindful of his own Salvation can never be careful aright of the Salvation of others and then to all the flock committed to their charge inforcing this duty upon them by declaring how dear and costly the Church was to Christ and therefore should be dear and precious in their pains and care to them N.B. But alas saith Espenoaeus how many are Aposcopi rather than Episcopi by-seers rather than right over-seers How can Christ take it well at the hands of careless Ministers that they should be so negligent over those Souls which cost him his precious blood whom he pluck'd out of the Paw of the Roaring Lion bears in his Bosom c. Isa 40.11 The sixth Remark is Heretical Teachers as well as bloody persecutors are no better than Ravenous and Grievous Wolves for so both are branded with that beastly Name Verse 29. N.B. Still the Metaphor is caryed into an Allegory wherein true believers and Disciples of Christ are called Sheep or Lambs their Pastors Shepherds or over-seers and their Adversaries whether in Heresy or Persecution are stiled Wolves Nothing more plain than that cruel persecutors are Wolves call'd so by Christ Matth. 10. v. 16 17. whose Malice inclines them to destroy God's people as strongly as the Rapacious nature of the ravening Wolf doth that greedy Creature to worry a Flock of Sheep This all Martyrologists do make manifest in all ages of the Church N.B. But there be other Wolves so called even false Teachers by Christ himself also Matth. 7.15 Such as come among Christ's Flock in Sheeps cloathing The Devil usually begins with violence Force and Cruelty circulating the world like a Wolf or Lion seeking whom he may devour 1 Pet. 5.8 If this succeed not to take well then he betakes himself to his Wiles of fraud and crafty Counsels Herein he puts off his Wolfs Frock and makes his next Encounter in Sheeps cloathing yet retaining his Wolfish and worrying nature this is another dangerous Rock which the less careful and the over credulous may easily split against therefore Christ cryeth beware least while we are striving to Shun a Shelf we fall not on the other hand into a whirl-pool N.B. The old Church was sadly pester'd with false Prophets Deut. 13.13 Jer. 23. v. 16. Ezek. 34 c. And so is the New Matth. 24.4 Rom. 16.17 Ephes 5.6 Col. 2.8 1 John 4.1 This was Peter's prophecy that such shall bring in damnable Heresies privately c. 2 Pet. 2.1 and Paul predicteth the like here verse 29 30. a speaking preverse things c. while they pervert the Scripture in defence of their own devices These are as pernicious to the Soul as persecutors are to the body and wolves to the Sheep therefore the worst and the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which Paul useth for drawing Disciples not to Christ but to themselves c. signifies to tear them limb from limb as the Wolf doth with the seized Sheep c. but our Lord hath promised to punish those that push with the Horn and foul with feet Ezek. 34.19 so we need not fear c. Mic. 5.5 The last Remark here is Paul's Pathetical Valediction wherein First He Commends those Elders to God who alone was able to keep them in that approaching hour of Temptation and to the Gospel of Grace which the God of all Grace appointeth as a means to six them upon the Rock that they might not be removed by that future Tempest but be preserved for Glory verse 32. Secondly He gives his own example verse 33. and the command of Christ v. 34 35. for their Imitation to avoid covetousness which is the Root of all evil 1 â—im Chap. 6. verse 10. Especially in praelates John 12.6 and Matth. 26.15 as Moses did Numb 16.15 and Samuel 1 Sam. 12.3 5. and himself who Laboured with his hands for his own Liveli-hood Acts 18.3 and 1 Cor. 4.12 and 1 Thess 2. verse 9. and 2 Thess 3.8 where he gives this Account N.B. That he did not propose this his practice as a precept or precedent Law or Rule to all Ministers for he had not power to deprive them of what God had given them Levit. 27.32 Matth. 10.10 Luke 11.42 Prov. 3.9 10. Mal. 3.9 10. Tithes were paid by Abraham to Melchisedeck long before the Levitical Lawâ— So that there must be a moral equity in this Reciprocal duty both before the Law under the Law and after the Law under the Gospel And tho' Paul did thus in a juncture and case of necessity because of their present poverty had they been able more shame would it have been to them to let him Labour and because false teachers were watching all advantages against him yet doth he himself often assert his own priviledge 1 Corinth 9.14 Gal. 6.6 and Christ's words he urgeth might be collected out of Luke 6.38 and 16.9 c. yea the very Terms might be spoken by Christ for all he spake is not writ John 20.30 Thirdly He kneel'd down and prayed with them all verse 36. Here was a right Gospel manner of taking a final farewell Whereas the common custom of Carnal men is to bid Adieu one to another by drinking of Healths which Turpissima 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or most filthy Healting Round and cursed Custom had its first original from some Sordid Court Parasites who would lick up the very Slaver of their Princes There is no parting now without such Circular potting yea the whole Cup up and off as well as round Those primo-primi-Christians did not so here but parted with prayer in a kneeling posture worshipping God both with their bodies and spirits 1 Cor. 6.20 Fourthly And here with tears with their prayers Verse 37 38. testifying hereby how they looked upon the loss of such a painful and faithful Pastor or Apostle a very great publick loss not only to themselves but also to all Asia And this was the cutting yea killing word that he told them by a prophetick Spirit that they should see his face no more Oh! How loth were they to part with Paul who had so indeared himself to them by his holiness humility and usefulness insomuch as they enjoy him as long and as far as they could accompaning him to the ship and when gone off to Sea gave their longest look after him Thus are we pull'd one from another in sad parting 's 〈◊〉 but we meet in
to him by the Holy Ghost Acts 20.23 and by Men inspired with the Spirit Acts 21.4 and here again by the Prophet Agabus ver 10 and 11. who took Paul 's Girdle wherewith he bound him both hands and teet c. By which outward sign and symbol parallel to that of Jer. 27.2 and ordinary exemplifications of the prophets as Isa 20.2 Jer. 13.1 Ezek. 12.5 which custom the false Prophets also took up 1 Kings 22.11 and Jer. 28.10 11. he fore-shewed what should befal Paul as it were fulfilled verse 33. N.B. This Agabus did not so much for Paul's sake who knew it before but for others sake Accordingly it is foretold to us what we must expect in the way to Heaven which is not a Milky but a Bloody way Acts 14.22 and 2 Tim. 3.12 The seventh Remark is The constancy of holy sufferers in undergoing those Sufferings God calls them unto is a great confirmation to other believers N.B. Thus it was here when those believers at Cesarea heard what was foretold would befall Paul at Jerusalem they out of tender Compassion toward him and out a deep sense what a grievous loss it would be to lose so great a Light do importune him with tears to forbear his Journey to Jerusalem verse 12. tho' their tears did melt Paul into tears also insomuch that there began a strange strife as betwixt David and Jonathan 1 Sam. 20.40 c. whither should out weep each other he grieving to see them so grieved Yet holds he his right Roman yea true Christian Resolution of being obedient to the Conduct of the Holy Spirit tide good or tide Evil to him verse 13. 'T was a brave Speech of great Pompey necesse est ut eam nou ut Vivam 'T is necessary I should go not that I should live but Braver in this undaunted Champion who said Acts 20.24 He counted not his Life dear to him N.B. And here What mean ye to weep and to break my heart for I am ready not to be bound only but also to dye at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus verse 13. Thus he who seemed to be altogether insensible of his own griefs which waited for him every where as he knew and said Acts 20.23 was out of an Holy Sympathy exceedingly grieved at this grief of his Friends and thereby bore a double burden both his own and theirs that thus Recoiled upon him Thus as Christ's Love to him was stronger than Death Cant. 8.6 So aqué non aequaliter as well tho' not as much was his love strong to Christ back again and there ought to be the like Reciprocation of love in us to Christ also or it is not of the Same nature with his not begoten by it N B. When those Believers saw such a most Masculine disingaged and most couragious Zeal and resolvedness in him this confirmed their faith and they commit the event to God verse 14. Crying The will of the Lord be done according to the third Petition in the Lord's Prayer at Christ's command Mat. 6.10 and Luke 11.2 and according to Christ's own Example in his own case Matth. 26.42 and Luke 22.42 N.B. Here we ought in all our Perturbations of mind by crosses losses c. to Centre our souls when God's will is done our will must be done also We must say Amen to God's Amen and put our fiat and our places to God's we must have the same mind and Spirit that was in Christ Phil. 2.5 making our lives as so many Sermons upon the life of Christ in resigning our wills to God 1 Pet. 2.9 otherwise we are none of his Rom. 8.9 The eighth Remark is True faith is not daunted at the sight of the Cross but couragiously goeth forward and resolutely follows the call of God as here v. 15. N.B. Paul and his companions who had so passionately and so compassionately diswaded him from his designed Journey make up their packs put on bag and baggage trudge away with their truss'd up fardles as all ready prest and prepared to face any danger in Jerusalem unto which place they resolved to travel and cast themselves upon the Lord whom they knew was able to preserve them This did Paul tho' he was foretold of his sufferings and did certainly fore know even of such and so many-reckon'd up by himself 2 Cor. 11. N.B. As scarce ever were heaped upon any one man's back excepting Christ yet go he will and preach the Gospel he will even in Jerusalem it self amongst those murderers of Christ whom he loved much because Christ had forgiven him much Luke 7.47 and he thought that he could never do nor suffer enough for Christ who had done and suffered much more for him Who now called him hereunto N.B. With the like Spirit said Famous Luther I will surely go to the City Wormes seeing I am sent for thither by the Emperor tho' I knew there were so many Devils to resist me as there are Tiles to cover the Citizens houses c. This he said to Spalatinus who asked him if he would adventure Yea and those friends of Paul were so warmed with his lively coal that they give over to diswade him and resolve to take their own share with him in the danger The ninth Remark is When the Lord calleth any of his Servants to suffering-work he leaves them not altogether destitute even of some Creature-comforts in their way thither Thus was it here with Paul when posting in all hast to meet with his Cross N.B. there went with him certain of the Disciples of Cesarea besides his own other companions who brought with them one Mnason of Cyprus an old Disciple with whom we should Lodge ver 16. This Mnason our translation intimateth was in that company which Journyed with Paul now to Jerusalem but some rather suppose that those Disciples of Cesarea conducted Paul and his company to Mnason's house in Jerusalem for tho' he was of Cyprus and supposed to be converted when Paul and Barnabas were there Acts 13. verse 4. yet had he now an house in this great City who was willing to entertain Paul and to be as another Gaius the host of the Church Rom. 16.23 N.B. Take it in the former sense and it was no small incouragement to Paul to have his Host along with him in company from Cesarea to Jerusalem or in the latter sense for considering the vast confluence of Country-men coming up from all parts of the Country to this Annual Solemnity of Pentecost at Jerusalem it cannot be imagin'd but Lodgings in the City must needs be mighty Scarce and it was therefore no small kindness in Mnason to provide convenient Lodgings for Paul and his company N.B. So that in both senses Paul wanted not his due incouragment especially not to be turned out of Doors but to find Lodging with an old Disciple a Gray-headed experienced Christian a Father in Israel one beyond a babe or Child-hood yea beyond youth a Father 1 John 2.13 and such
be either Hector'd by threatnings or allured by Flatteries to lay down his ministry and desist from his preaching-work No doubt but his silence would have been his security both against the malice of the adverse Jews and against the power of the Idolatrous Pagans But a Necessity was laid upon him and a wo unto him if he preached not the Gospel 1 Cor. 9.16 which himself denounced Fourthly This he did also with all confidence and with an undaunted Courage for his love to Christ was somewhat like Christ's love to him stronger than death Cant. 8.6 As Christ had dyed for him so was he ready to dye for Christ Acts 21.13 and he was the more confident because none were found so fool-hardy to attempt the making him timerous and diffident as followeth Fifthly no man forbidding him not because the Jews wanted malice or the Pagans power but because God who setteth bounds to the raging Sea Job 38.11 who suffered not a Dog to bark at Israel's coming so calmly out of inraged Aegypt Exod. 11. v. 7. and who shut the Mouths of the hungry Lions that they hurt not Daniel Dan. 6. v. 22. did deliver Paul both from Nero and from the Jews So that it was then even in Rome-Heathen as impossible to hinder the progress of the Gospel as to stop the Sun from shining or the Wind from blowing Yet such attempts are in Rome-Anti-christian at this day Wherein the contrary to all the afore-said may easily be exemplified Joseph did indeed provide a Granary or store-house of Corn in every City and Village against the famine that lay on the Land of Aegypt But popish Countries want such a Joseph Publick Statutes are made to forbid Christians of the Reformed Religion from having either publick or private places of meeting into worship God and no man incouraging contrary to this here where there 's no man forbiding The Supplement after the last of Acts 28. CHAP. XXIX A Scripture account of Paul while at Rome c. VVHERE Luke the Evangelist tho' guided by the good Spirit of God yet thought it his duty to desist from giving any farther account of the History of the Apostles Lives and Acts and more especially of the Apostle Paul's with whom he was a constant companion in Rome There must I begin this my Supplement N.B. Wherein because Ecclesiastical History having only an humane Testimony is found both various and uncertain about the lives and deaths of the Apostles therefore I shall not dare to confine my following Discourse unto what is Recorded by Nicephorus Eusebius and others from whose Conjectural Relations nothing can be positively and with undenyable evidence asserted N.B. Now that the Sequel and Supplement of this Apostolical History may be as Harmonious Homogeneal and Symbolizing with the former foregoing twenty eight Chapters as the matter may admit I have thought of this Expedient to bottom my Assertions still upon such Historical Hints as are found scattered here and there in the Sacred Scriptures namely in the Canonical Epistles of the Divinely Inspired Apostles themselves which they wrote upon several occasions as they were guided by the Holy Ghost to give an infallible Account N. B. Hitherto we have had lent us by the Lord a Divine Clew of Thread to lead us through this vast Labyrinth of writing the History of the Apostles Lives so far as Luke who wrote their Acts so called hath led us which Book of the Acts might as well be called The Wonders of the Apostles considering what Wonders it containeth not only such Wonders as were wrought by the Apostles but also for them to deliver preserve and incourage them in their prodigious Apostolical Work Insomuch as all the Attempts both of the Tempter himself the Red Dragon and of all his many and mighty Tools which he imployed for silencing the Apostles and for stopping the progress of Christianity which was every where spoken against Acts 28 22. were confoundingly disappointed N.B. We may well therefore call that History of the Apostles not only the Acts a name wherewith that holy Pen-man Luke the Apostles themselves modestly contented themselves but also the Wonder of Wonders wherein the Truth and Power of God did so wonderfully appear that the Gospel should be so irresistibly propagated by them when all men generally both Jews and Gentiles in all Places and of all Ranks both Princes and Peasants opposed it So that the Doctrine of Christianity which the Apostles taught had the multitude the Powers and Authority the Wisdom of the whole World yea and if all the seeming Sanctity that then was in the World to wit among the Jews all these every where were against it Christ was a Sign spoken against as was foretold of him Luke 2.34 in all places by all people N.B. Now what could rationally be expected in such a desperate case and concern which the Apostles undertook and entred upon but that every natural man would at the least suspect that which all the World so generally condemned Notwithstanding all this universal opposition yet did the Gospel prevail and run through the World like a Sun-beam yea and did so much so universally and so constantly flourish in despite of both Angry Men and of Inraged Devils that indeed this became by the mighty Power of God no less than a wonder of Wonders N.B. Now waving Ecclesiastical History let us still stick to the Sacred Scriptures so far as they give light to this Apostolical History Re-assuming the passages of Providence that attended Paul after his coming to Rome The first Remark farther concerning Paul is His writing several Epistles during his Imprisonment at Rome to several Churches and Persons Luke who accompany'd Paul to Rome as appeareth by his phrase We all along Acts 27. and more expresly in Acts 28. And when we came to Rome verse 16 c. gives no farther account of him but only of his lying a Prisoner there for two whole years and Preaching c. Acts 28.30 31. N.B. As it cannot be supposed that Paul spent all this two whole years time in his Preaching work for this would have wearied hoth himself and his Auditors but that there must be a due Interval betwixt one exercise and another not so much for his private Preparations in his Study because he had an extraordinary Apostolical gift c. So nor may it be imagined that such an Indefatigable Labourer in God's Vineyard could carelesly omit the Improvement of his Horae succisivae or spare hours in this two whole years time and therefore 't is no more than rational to affirm that during this his long Confinement he wrote sundry Epistles c. as above But beside the rationality hereof some Scripture-Light may confirm it Note As 1. His Epistle to the Galatians he wrote from Rome this is render'd the more probable 1. From the Postscript of that Epistle unto the Galatians written from Rome tho' this be no part of the Canonical Scripture for in other Postscripts to some
because we are taught or at least learn but imperfectly Thus those good men being ignorant of that special command Paul had to go this Journey to Jerusalem Acts 19.21 and 20.22 c. they did according to what they knew out of mere Commiseration and true Charity diswade Paul from that Journey But it may be Objected N.B. These good men knowing that the Spirit by which they spake of Paul 's sufferings at that City was infallible and could not Err or be mistaken How come they to diswade him from going to Jerusalem N.B. This Objection hath a double Answer First It was with him as it had been with Elisha in another case saying The Lord hath hid it from me and hath not told me 2 Kin. 4.17 He knew not all things at all times So here the Lord and his Spirit had not told these prophecying Disciples far short of that Eminent Prophet who had a double portion of the Spirit of Elija upon him whereby he wrought a double number to his Master's miracles How Paul went bound in the Spirit to Jerusalem but thinking it to be his own Voluntary choice and understanding by Divine Revelation how much this Enterprize would indanger him they out of their own private Spirit of compassion and humane affection toward him but not from any special command of the Spirit of God desired him not to venture himself thither The 2d Answer is Those men might probably think also that this prediction of Paul's sufferings there was only conditional in case he ventured to Jerusalem in like manner David was told that the men of Keilah would deliver him up to Saul 1 Sam. 23. v. 11 12. to wit in case he had been so fool-hardy as to betrust himself among and with them Thus it is apparent that the Spirit of truth never crosseth or contradicteth himself in any of his Revelations The fourth Remark is Believers come under a double denomination here They are called Disciples verse 4 and Brethren verse 7. N.B. This Reason may be rendred for it Believers in Ptolemais were gathered to-together into Church-Order and had Church-Meetings so are call'd Brethren but not so at Tyre where they lived under no Church-power c. So are call'd Disciples only NB. Where the number of Believers are dispersed and not yet Collected into Church Fellowish with Order and Officers there they are called Disciples or Schollars of Christ only as Beza observeth but when they joyn themselves into Church-Union and Communion then are they honoured with that highest Title of brethren as both in verse 7. and 17. Then the Staff of Bands and the Staff of Beauty Zech. 11. verse 7. are both together Where the bands of the Communion of Saints are found there is far more beauty of holiness than where Christians live in a scattered condition one from another The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or being of Christianity may be there in the former where the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or well-being of it cannot be found as in the latter N.B. The Flowers of the Garden may be indeed flowers yea and Fragrant flowers too in themselves while they grow in the several beds or pots at distance one from another but they become much more fragrant and odoriferous when they are gathered together and bound up in a Nose-gay and so presented according to this Apostle's own phrase 2 Cor. 11.2 as an incorrupted Virgin to Christ that the smell of her Graces may refresh his eye and ravish his heart Cant. 4.9 10. The fifth Remark is Those Primitive-Gospel-times God most highly honoured with the powrings out of his spirit upon all Flesh N.B. For under the Law God gave out of his spirit but in lesser measures and comparatively by drops only But under the Gospel and the first fruits thereof our blessed Messiah powred out his spirit not here a little and there a little as before but now more largly and plentifully as it were whole pales full at once yea even to an overflow were the fillings of the Spirit at that time they were filled therewith over and over again Acts 2.4 and 4 31. And this was done upon all sorts of Mortals as well on Gentiles as Jews N.B. Contrary to their proud conceit that God gave himself to no people out of the Land of Israel yea and that without distinction of Sex or Rank as he had promised that Sons and Daughters yea Servants and Hand-maids should have the Spirit and Prophecy Joel 2.28 and in part fulfilled Acts 2.17 18. N.B. More particularly upon the Female Sex as upon Anna the Prophetess Luke 2.36 and upon those four Daughters of Philip here Acts 21.8 9. whereby God shewed the inlargement of his loving-kindness which he reserved for the first Gospel-times Here both the Father and his four Daughters are honourably Recorded in their high Advancement For 1. The Father was but a Deacon Acts 6.5 who preaching so successfully at Samaria Acts 8 and discharging his Deacon-ship so well that he purchased to himself this higher degree according to the Apostle's own Rule 1 Tim. 3.13 of being an Evangelist which was an Office placed next to Apostles and above Pastors and Teachers Eph. 4.11 and who were not confined to any place and people as the ordinary Officers are but to preach the Gospel every where as Timothy was exhorted to do 2 Tim. Ch. 4. v. 5. N.B. This Philip was honoured to be the Apostle's Host at Cesarea Acts 21.8 2 His four Daughters are Recorded to be Virgins to wit by their Fathers and their own voluntary consent as 1 Corinth 7.37 not as the Popish Votary-Nuns it is not said that they continued in that state but that they were also prophetesses in foretelling things to come not publick preachers contrary to 1 Corinth 14.34 and 1 Tim. 2.12 c. The sixth Remark is The Sufferings of the Saints and Servants of God are not fortuitous as comming by chance or casualty nor are they only from the power of persecutors but they are all fore known ordained and ordered by the most wise God N.B. Thus was it with Paul in his persecutions they Sprang not out of the Dust Job 5 6. but were determined by a Divine decree as his Lords and Masters were Acts 2.23 and 4.28 against whom Pilate could not have prevailed unless power had been given him from above John 19.11 Thus all the sufferings of Christ's Servants are the matter of God's prescience council and providence as well as purpose from all eternity Eph. 3.11 As Paul's sufferings were fore-ordained by God so they were foretold both by and from God N.B. Thus the Lord said at Paul's first Call and Conversion I will shew him how greatly he must suffer for my name's sake Acts 9.16 even as great things as ever he himself caused others to suffer both by the malice of the Jews his own Country-men and by the fury of Gentiles Whereof we have a Catalogue from himself 2 Cor. 11. verse 23. and this was made known