AN EXPOSITION OF THE LORDS PRAIER IN the way of Catechisme By William Perkins EDINBVRGH PRINTED BY ROBERT Walde-graue Printer to the Kings 〈◊〉 1593. TO THE RIGHT honourable Edward Lord Russell Earl of Bedford grace and peace be multiplied RIGHT honourable if you consider what is one of the cheife ornaments of this noble state vnto which God hath aduanced you It will appeare that there is none more excellent then the spirit of grace and praier For what doth your heart affect would you speake the languages Behold by praier you may speake the most heauenly toung that euer was euen the language of Canaan Would you haue the valor of knighthood By praier you may stand in the place where Gods hand hath made a breach and do as much as all the Chariots horsmen in a kingdome Would you enjoy Gods blessings which you want By praier you may as it were put your hād into the cofers of Gods treasures and inriche your selfe Do you desire the fauour of Monarks and Princes By praier you may come in presence and haue speeche with Iehoua the King of heauen and earth Lastly would you knowe whether now liuing you be dead that being dead you may liue for euer By praier a man may knowe whether he be dead to sinne dead to the world liue to God liue to Christ and liue eternally Praier then being so excellent a point of Religion I am imboldened to commend this small treatise your honour not so much for itselfe as because it doth set out the matter and true maner of inuocation of Gods holy name And I hope for your fauour in accepting of it the rather because I doubt not but your desire is to be answerable to your most honourable and for Religion most worthie ancestors in the care of maintaining and countenancing any good thing that may any whit serue for the furthering of the gospell of Christ. Now Iesus Christ our Lorde and God euen the Father which hath loued vs and giuen vs euerlasting consolation and good hope through grace stablish your Honor in euerie good word and worke to the end Your H. to command William Perkins AN EXPOSITION of the Lords prayer in the way of Catechisme By M. Perkins Matth. 6. ver 9. After this maner therefore pray yee Our Father c. THe occasion and so also the coherence of these wordes with the former is this The Evangelist Matthew setting downe the Sermons and sayings of our Sauiour Christ keeps not this course to propounde euery thing as it was done or spoken but sometime he settes down that first which was done last and that last which was done before according as the spirit of God directed him Which thing is verified in these wordes where the praier is mentioned yet the occasion wherfore our Sauiour Christ taught his disciples to pray is not here specified But in Saint Luke 11. verse 1. the occasion of these wordes is euident For there it is said that the disciples of our Sauior knowing that Iohn taught his disciples to pray made request to their master that he would do the same to them likewise These few words set before the praier are a commandement and it prescribes vnto vs two duties the first to praie the second to pray after the manner following Touching the first point considering verie fewe among the people know how to pray aright we must learne what it is to pray To make praier is to put vp request to god acording to his word from a contrite hart in the name of Christ with assurance to bee hard For the better opening of these words we are to consider six questions The first is to whome wee are to pray The answer is to God alone Rom. 10. 14. Howe shal they cal on him in whome they haue not beleeued c. Marke how inuocation and faith are linked together And Paules reson may be framed thus In whome we put our affiance or beleif to him alone must we pray but we beleue only in God therefore wee must onely praie to him As for Saints or Angels they are in no wise to be called vpon because not the least title of Gods worde prescribes vs so to doe because they cannot heare our praiers and discerne what are the thoughts and desires of our harts and because invocation is a parte of diuine worship and therefore peculiar to God alone The second question is what kinde of action prayer is Answer it is no lip-labour it is the putting vp of a sute vnto God and this action is peculiar to the verie hart of a man Rom. 8. 26. The spirite makes request for vs But how with grones in the hart Exod. 14. 15. The Lord said to Moses Why criest thou Yet there is no mentiō made that Moses spake any word at all the Lorde no doubt accepted the inward mourning and desire of his hart for a crie The third question is what is the forme or rule according vnto which we are to pray Answer It is the reueiled wil and word of God A man in humbling his soule before God is not to pray as his affections carrie him and for what he list but all is to be done according to the expresse worde So as those things which God hath cōmanded vs to ask wee are to aske and those thinges which hee hath not commanded vs to ask we are in no wise to pray for 1. Iohn 5. 14. This is the assurance vvhich vvee haue of him that if wee aske any thing according to his will hee heareth vs. This then is a speciall clause to be marked that men must praye in knowledge not in ignorance Here weigh the case of poore ignorant people they talke muche of praying for themselues others they imagine that they pray verie deuoutlie to God but alas they doe nothing les because they knowe not what to ask acording to Gods will They therefore must learne Gods worde and pray according to the same else it will prooue in the end that all their praying was nothing but as mocking and flat dishonoring of God The fourth question is with what affection a man must pray Answer Prayer must proceed from a broken and contrite hart This is the sacrifice which God accepteth Psalm 51. verse 17. When Ahab abased himselfe though he did it in hypocrisie yet God had some respect vnto it 1. King 21. verse 29. Saith the Lorde to Eliah seest thou how Ahab is humbled before me This contrition of heart stands in two thinges The first of them is a liuely feeling of our own sinne miserie and wretched estate howe that we are compassed about with inumerable enemies euen with the Deuill and all his Angels within a bound even with huge seas of wants and rebellious corruptiōs whereby we most grieuouslie displease God are vile in our own eies Being therefore thus beset on euerie side wee are to be touched with the sense of this our gret miserie And he that wil pray aright
sins generally Psa. 19 6. Lastly hence it is manifest that there is noe iustification by workes Our sinnes are debtes so also are all workes of the lawe Now how can any man discharge one debt by another 4. Wants to be bewailed THe wantes to be bewailed are the burden of our sinnes and the corruptions of our natures the wickednes of our liues and the sinnes of our youth and of our old age Psal. 40. 12. My sinnes haue taken such hold vpon me that I am not able to looke vp they are more in number then the haires of my head therefore mine heart hath failed me Thus with Dauid we are to trauell and grone vnder this burden but this griefe for sin is a rare thing in the world Men can mourne bitterly for the thinges of this life but their sinnes neuer trouble them And further this sorrowe must be for sinne because it is sinne though there were neither hell nor deuill nor conscience to accuse nor Iudg to reuēge 5. The grace to be desired THe grace which wee must desire is the spirit of grace and deprecations Zacha. 12. 10. It is that worke of the spirit whereby wee are inabled to call to God for the pardone of our sinnes A man hauing offēded the laws of a Prince and being in danger of death will neuer rest or be at quiet till hee haue gotten a pardon euē so they which feele and see their sinnes hauing this spirite are so mooued that they can neuer be at rest till in praier they be eased of their sins A man may I graunt babble and speake many wordes but hee shall neuer pray effectually before hee haue this spirit of praier to make him crie Abba Father For worldly cōmodities all can pray but learn to pray for the want of Christ. As vve forgiue our debts 1. Coherence THese wordes be a part of the fift petition for it is put down with a condition Forgiue vs as we forgiue others and these wordes depend on the former as the reason thereof and it is taken from the comparison of the lesse to the greater thus if wee who haue but a sparke of mercie doe forgiue others then doe thou who art the fountaine of mercie forgiue vs but we forgiue others therefore do thou forgiue vs. Thus Luk. 11. 4 hath it Forgiue vs our sinnes for euen we forgiue The Papists gather a contrarie doctrine they say Forgiue vs as we forgiue making our forgiuing a cause for which God is mooued to forgiue vs. But we are to know that our forgiuing is no cause but a sign that God wil forgiue vs. 2 The meaning QVestion Whether is a man bounde to forgiue all debts Answer The word debt in this place is not vnderstoode of debt that is ciuill and comes by lawfull bargaining but of hurtes and dammages which ar done vnto vs in our bodies goods or good name as for the former ciuil debts a man may exact them so he doe it with shewing of mercie 2 Question How may anie man forgiue trespasses seeing God onlie forgiues sin Answer In euerie trespasse which anie do to their neighbours ther be two offences one to God another to man In the first respect it is called a sin which God onlie forgiues In the other respect it is called an injurie or dammage so man may forgiue it When a man is robbed the law is broken by stealing and the injurie that is done is against a man that hath his goods stolne This injurie as it is an injurie a man may forgiue but as it is a sinne he can not but God onlie 3 Quest. Whether may a man aright pray this petition and yet sue him at the law who hath injured him An. Yea for a man may in an holie maner sew another for an injury and as a souldier in lawful warre may kill his enemie and yet loue him so may a man forgiue an injurie and yet seeke in a Christian maner the remedie but in doing of this wee must obserue fiue thinges 1. We are to tak heed of all priuate revenge and inward hatred which if we conceiue wee doe not forgiue 2. We must take heed of offence and haue care that our doinges bee not scandelous to the Church 3. Our sutes must be taken in hand to maintaine godly peace for if all injuries were put vp there would bee no ciuill state or gouernment 4. It must be that the partie offending may bee chastised and bee brought to repentance for his fault for if many mē were not repressed they woulde growe worse 5. Law must bee the last remedie as Physitions vse desperate remedies when weaker wil not serue euen so must we vse law as the last meanes when all other faile The dealing of the worlde in this case is no example for vs to follow For through rage and stomacke they will abide no priuate agreement and therefore they vse the law in the first place so did the Corinthians but what saith Paule 1. Cor. 6. 7. It is vtterlie a fault among But if the Lawe bee vsed aright a Christian may sue at Law and loue the partie sued for there is difference betweene dealing against a man before a Magistrate and the dealing of one priuat man with another For priuate dealing is commonlie reuenge and therefore vnlawfull 3. The Vse THE vse of this clause is verie profitable for it shewes vs a liuelie signe whereby our consciences may bee assured of the pardon of our sinnes Indeed manie vse these wordes long and often yet finde no assurance of pardon and the cause is because they haue no desire of Gods mercie nor willingnes to forgiue men which if they had then the forgiuenes of their sinnes should hereby be sealed vnto them Wherefore if any wold be perswaded of Gods mercie in this point let them discend into their owne soules and search them narrowlie if they can finde their heartes as readie to forgiue as they are readie to desire forgiuenes at Gods hand then they may assure themselues of Gods mercie in Christ as we are taught by our Sauiour Christ Mat. 5. 7. Blessed are the merciful for they shall obtaine mercie Consider these comparisons A man walking vnder a wal in a cold sunnie day is heated of the wall which first receiued heat from the Sunne So he that sheweth mercie to others hath first receiued mercie from God Also take a peece of waxe and put to a seale it leaueth an impression or marke like it selfe in the waxe which when a man lookes on he doth certainlie know that ther hath bin a seale the print whereof is left behind Euen so it is in euery one that hath readinesse to forgiue others by it a Christian may easilie know that God hath sealed to him the forgiuenesse of his sinnes euen in his heart Therefore let men looke into their hearts whether they haue any affection to forgiue others for that is as it were the print in their harts of Gods mercy toward
authoritie to binde al that cal on thy name 1. Cor. 1. 2. To them that are sanctified by Iesus Christ saints by calling with all that call on the name of our Lorde Iesus Christ. And contrariwise Psal. 14. 4. It is made one of the properties of an Atheist Neuer to cal on the name of God And such persons as neither wil nor can or vse not hartely to pray to God they may say that they are perswaded there is a God but in their doings they bear themselues as if there wer no God 6. He which would pray aright must be like the prodigall childe that is he must not onely confesse his sin saying Father I haue sinned against heauen and against thee c. but also haue a ful purpose neuer after to offend his Father For how can a Childe call him father whome hee cares not continually to displease through his lewd conditions He cannot do it neither can any Father delight in suche a child therefore in praier we must call to minde our lewdnes and rebellions against our heauenly Father and with the Publican in heuines of soule say Lord be mercifull to me a sinner He which can truly do this is a kind child If we consider our selues as we are by nature wee are the children of the deuill noe childe so like his Father as wee are like him and in this estate we continually rebel against God for the Deuill hath al the heart our whol joy is to serue and please him A man that is to pray must think on this and be heauy for it And happy yea a thousand times happy ar they who haue grace giuen them to see this their state to bewaile it And further it is not sufficient to confesse our sinnes against our mercifull Father but wee must set downe with our selues neuer in such sort to offend him againe and to leade a newe life This point is very profitable for these times For many there be when any crosse or sicknes comes on them they will pray and promise repentance and all obedience to Gods worde if it shall please God to deliuer them but this vsually is but in hypocrisie they dissemble with God and men For when their sicknes is past like a dogge that hath bene in the water they shake their eares and runne streight with all greedinesse to their former sinnes Is this to call God father No hee that doth this shall not haue God to be his father but the man that is wounded in his soul for his offēces past and carrieth a purpose in his heart neuer wittingly and willingly to offend God againe 7. Lastly here we ar to obserue that he which would pray must be indued with the spirit of adoptiō the workes whereof in the matter of praier are twofold The first to moue him to crie and call on God as a father It is no easie thing to pray For to a man of himselfe it is as easie to mooue the whole earth with his hand how then comes it that we pray It is a blessed worke of the spirit Rom. 8. 15. Wee haue receiued the spirit of adoption whereby vve crie Abba that is Father and Rom. 8. 26. Likewise the spirit helpeth our infirmities for wee knowe not what to pray as we ought but the spirit it self maketh request And. Zach. 12. 10. the holy Ghost is called the spirit of grace and deprecations or praiers Wel then the man that woulde pray must haue Gods spirite to bee his schoolmaster to teach him to pray with grones and sighes of the hart for the wordes make not the praier but the grones desires of the hart and a man praies for no more then he desires with his heart and hee which desires nothing praies not at all but spends liplabor The second work of the spirit is to assure vs in our consciences that we are in the state of grace reconciled to God Rom. 8. 16. The spirit of adoption beareth witnes with our spirits that we are the children of God And this inward certificate of the spirit in all exercises of invocation is very necessarie for hee which wants this assurance if hee be secure and benummed in his sinnes will not and if he be touched in conscience for them for his life hee dare not cal God Father Also this confutes the opiniō of the church of Rome which teacheth that a man must doubt whether hee be adopted or no. For howe can a man trulie cal God Father when he doubts whether he be the child of God or no. It is a miserable kinde of praying to call God Father and to doubt whether he be a father Indeede it is true that doubts will often rise but it is our dutie to striue against them and not to yeeld vnto them Yea but say they to be certain of Gods mercy is presumption I answere if it be presumption it is an holy presumption because God hath bidden vs call him father Our Father The meaning THus much of the argument of relation now let vs proceede It is further said Our Father Quest. Whether may it bee lawfull for vs in praier to say not our father but my father Ans. A Christian may in priuate praier say My Father This is warranted by the example of our Sauiour Mat 26. 39. O my Father if it be possible let this cup passe from me And Mat. 27. 46. My God my God whie hast thou forsaken mee The meaning of Christe is not to binde vs to these wordes but to teache vs that in our praiers wee must not haue regard to our selues onely but also to our brethren therefore when we pray for them in our priuate praiers as for our selues wee put in practise the true meaning of these wordes 2. The Vses 1 VVHen we pray we must not make request onlie for our selues our own good but for others also as the Church and people of GOD perswading our selues that we also are partakers of their praiers and for the better clearing of this point let vs search who they are for whome we are to pray Of men there be two sortes some liuing some dead Of these two kindes the liuing are to be praied for and there is no praying for the dead A man that is dead knowes what shall be his estate eternally if he died a wicked person his state shall be according in eternall torments if hee died godly then he shall rest with God in his kingdom Apoc. 14. 13. Blessed are they vvhich die in the Lord for they rest from their labours and their vvorkes follow them Gal. 6. 10. While vve haue time let vs do good to al men Where we may note that there is a time namelie after death when we cannot Againe of the liuing some are our enemies and some our frends Our frends are they which are of the same religion affection disposition Foes are either priuate or publike publike foes are either enemies to our country as tyrants traitors c. or enemies
as litle gods though to the world we shew it not This hidden pride when other sinnes die it begins to get strength and to shewe it selfe and it appeares in vaine thoughts continuallie on euery occasion ascending in the minde As maye appeare in the Pharisie whose thoughts were these wheÌ„ he praied thus within himselfe O God I thank thee that I am not as other men extortioners vniust adulterers or euen as this Publican c. And as this was in him so it is in vs till God giue grace for so that men may haue praise glory in the world they care not for God his glorie though it be defaced Wee must therfore learn to discerne this hidden corruption and to mourn for it for it doeth poison hinder al good desires of glorifying God so long as it may preuaile in the hart 2 Secondly we are taught here to bewaile the hardnesse of our hearts whereby we are hindred from knowing God aright and from discerning the glorie of God in his creatures Mark 6. 52. The Disciples through the hardnesse of their hartes could not see Gods power in the miracle of feeding many thousands with a few loues though themselues were instrumentes of it and the food did increase in their hands Our redeÌ„ption what a wonderfull work is it but how few consider of it or regarde it If wee see a man haue more wit wealth or honour than we haue wee straight woonder at him but beholding Gods creatures we see nothing in them because we do not goe higher to acknowledge the loue power wisedome and iustice of the Creator And this is the cause why Gods name is so slenderly honoured among men 3 The third corruption is our great ingratitude for the Lorde hath made heauen and earth and all other creatures to serue mâ—n yet he is the most vnthankful of al creatures Bestow manie iewels or a kinges ransome on a dead man he wil neuer returne anie kindnes so men being dead in sinne deale with God Commonlie men are like the swine that run with their groines and eat vp the mast but neuer looke vp to the tree from whence it falleth But the godlie are with Dauid to feele this want in themselues and to beseech God to open and as it were to vnlocke their lippes that they may indeuour to be thankfull to God Psal. 51. 15. 4 The fourth is the vngodlines and the innumerable wantes that be in our liues and the sinnes committed in the world Psal. 119. 136 Mine eies saith Dauid gush out with riuers of waters because men keepe not thy lawes The reason is because he which liues in sin reproches Gods name euen as an euill child dishonors his father Now some wil say that this cannot be because our sinnes cannot hurt God Aâ— Yet they are a cause of slandring Gods name among men for as we honour him by our good workes so we dishonour him by our offences Mat. 5. 16. Let your light so shine before men that they may see your good workes and glorifie your father which is in heauen 4 Graces to be desired 1 The graces to be desired and to be prayed for at Gods hand are three The first is the knowledge of God that is that we might know him as he hath reueiled himself in his word works and creatures For how shal anie glorifie God before he know him Our knowledge in this life is imperfect Exo. 23. Moses may not see Gods face but his hinder partes 1. Cor. 13. 12. Wee may see God as men doe through spectacles in his word sacraments and creatures And therefore as Paule prayed for the Colossians Col. 1. 10. that they might increase in the knowledge of God so are wee taught to pray for our selues in this petion 2. A zeale for Gods glorie Psal. 69. 9. The zeale of thine house hath eaten me vp Psal. 45. 1. My heart shall vtter or cast vp a good matter I vvill speake in my workes of the king Here the Spirit of God borrowes a comparison froÌ„ men thus As he which hath somewhat lying heauie in his stomâ—cke is neuer at quiet till hee haue cast it vp euen so the care desire to glorifie Gods name must lie vpon a mans heart as an heauie burthen and he is not to bee at ease and quiet with himself till he be disburdened in sounding forth Gods praise Luther saith wel that this is sancta crapula that is an holy surfet and it is no hurt continuallie to haue our harts ouercharged thus 3 A desire to lead a godlie and syncere life as before Gods Majestie We see men that are in some great calling vnder honourable personages wil so order and behaue theÌ„selues as they may please and honour their maisters euen so must our liues bee well ordered and we are to labour to walk worthie of the Lord as Paul speaketh that we may honour our heauenly father Thy kingdome come 1 The Coherence THis petition dependes on the former most excellentlie For in it is laid downe the meanes to procure the first Gods name must be hallowed among men but how is it done by the erecting of Gods kingdome in the heartes of men We cannot glorifie God vntill he rule in our hearts by his word and Spirite 2 The meaning Thy This word doth put vs in mind that there is two kingdoms one Gods that is the kingdome of heauen the other the deuils called the kingdom of darknesse Col. 1. 13. For when all had sinned in Adam God laid this punishmeÌ„t on all that seeing they could not be content to obey their Creator they should be in bondage vnder Sathan So that by nature we are all the children of wrath and the deuill holds vp the scepter of his kingdome in the heartes of men This kingdome is spirituall and the pillers of it are ignorance errour impietie and all disobedience to God in which the deuill whollie delights which also are as it were the lawes of his kingdome Blind ignorant people can not abide this doctrine that the deuill should rule in their hearts they spit at the naming of him say that they defie him with all their heartes but whereas they liue in sinne and practise it as occasion is offered though they can not discerne of themselues yet they make plain proofe that they line in the kingdome of sinne and darknes and are stat vessels of Sathan shal so continew till Christ the strong man come and binde him and cast him out And this is the estate of all the children of Adam in themselues Wherfore our sauiour in this petition teacheth vs to consider our naturall estate and to pray that he would giue vs his Spirit to set vs at libertie in the kingdome of his owne Sonne Kingdome Gods kingdome in scriptures is taken two waies First generallie and so it signifieth that administration by which the Lord gouerneth all thinges yea euen the deuilles themselues of which kingdome mention is made in the end of
this prayer and in Psal. 97. vers 1. The Lorde raigneth let the earth reioice Againe it is taken more speciallie and then it signifieth the administration of Christ the head of the Church in which hee frameth men by his worde and Spirit to the subjection of the same worde And so it is taken in this petition In a kingdome there are foure things to be noted 1. There must bee a king 2 There must be subiectes 3 There are lawes 4 Authoritie In this kingdome Christ is the king it is he to whome the father hath giuen all authoritie in heauen and earth In this kingdom al are not subjects but such as ar willing to giue free and frank obedience to Gods word or at the least though their hearts be not sound make an outward profession of it The lawes of this kingdome is the word of God in the books of the old and new Testament Therfore it is called the kingdome of heauen Mat. 13. The Gospell of the kingdom Mar. 1. 13. The rod of his mouth Isai. 11. 4 The arme of God Isai. 53. 1. As a King by his lawes bringes his people in order keeps them in subiectiō so Christ by his word and the preaching of it as it were by a mightie arme drawes the elect into his kingdome and fashions them to all holie obedience The power and authoritie is that whereby Christ conuerts effectually those which are to be conuerted and glorifies himselfe in the confusion of the rest The kingdom being taken thus specially is also twofold The first is the kingdome of grace of which mention is made Rom. 14. 17. The Kingdome of God stands not in meat drink but in righteousnes that is the assurance of our justification before God in the righteousnes of Christ Peace of conscience which proceeds from this assurance and ioy in the holie Ghost which comes from them both In this kingdom all men liue not but onelie those that ar subject to Christ obedient to the lawes of his kingdome and ruled by his authoritie are continually taught in his word by his spirit But those that refuse to liue according vnto the lawes of this king and choose to liue at their owne libertie are in the kingdom of darknesse sinne and Sathan The second is the kingdome of glory in heauen which is the blessed estate of al Gods people there when God shal be al in al in them And the former kingdom of grace is an entrance and preparation to the kingdome of glorie Come Gods kingdome comes when it is established and confirmed in mens hearts and made manifest to all people the impediments being remoued Question This comming implies a stopping but howe should Gods kingdome be hindered Answer Kingdom in this place is not takē for the power of God whereby hee rules all things for that cānot be hindred but for the kingdome of grace which in the vsing of the outward meanes as ministers word and sacraments may be hindered by the deuill the world and mans corruption 3 The vvantes which are to be bewailed THe wantes which wee in this petition are taught to mourn for are of two sorts some concern our own selues some others That which concernes our owne persons is a bondage and slauerie vnder sinne and Satan This bondage indeede is weakened in Gods seruants but none is whollie freed from it in this life Paule complaineth that he is sould vnder sinne and cries pitifullie O miserable man that I am who shal deliuer me from this bodie of death Question What difference then betweene the godlie and the wicked Answer The euil and vngodlie man in the verie middest of his bondage hath a mery hart sinne is no trouble to him nay it is meat and drinke to him But the godly man is otherwise minded For considering the power of the deuill and his craft in manifold fearfull temptations and seeing the prooffes of his rebellious nature euer and anon to start away from God he is grieued and confounded in himself his heart bleedes within him that hee doth offend so mercifull a Father Manie men liue in this world that manie yeares and yet neuer feele this bondage vnder Satan sinne Such vndoubtedlie cannot tel what the Lords prayer meanes But he that would haue the right vse of this petition must bee acquainted with it and bee touched in his conscience for that the flesh and the deuill beare such sway in him As the poore captiue is alwaies creeping to the prison dore alwaies labouring to get off his bolts fetters to escape out of prison so must we alwaies crie to the Lord for his Spirite to free vs out of this bondage and prison of sinne and corruption and everie day come neerer the prison doore looking when our blessed Sauiour will vnbind vs of all the fetters of sinne and Sathan and fullie erect his kingdome in vs. 2. The wantes which concerne others are twofold The former is the wāt of the good means which serue for the furthering of the kingdome of Christ as preaching sacraments and discipline When we shal see a people without knowledge and without good guides and teachers and when we see one stand vp in the congregation not able to teach here is matter for mourning This petition puts vs in mind to bewaile these wantes Our Sauiour when hee sawe the Iewes as sheepe without a shepherd he had compassion on them and hee wept ouer Ierusalem because they knewe not the thinges which belonged to their peace Luk. 9. 11. Therefore when preachers want to hold vp the scepter of God before the people and to hold out the word which is as it were the arme of God to pul men from the bondage of the deuill to the kingdome of Christ Then it is time to say Lorde let thy kingdome come 3. The third want which we are to bewail is that there be so many impediments and hinderances of the kingdome of grace as the deuill and al his Angels their instruments the Pope the Turke and all the rest of the professed wicked of the world which by subtile intisements and tyrannie keep back repell the means whereby Christ ruled as a king in his Churche When the deuill sees one that was sometime of his kingdome but to cast a looke toward the heauenly Ierusalem he straightway regeth against him and labours quite to ouerthrow him Wherfore in regard of al these impediments wee must pray thy kingdom come 4. Graces to be desired 1. IN this petition we are taught first that we are to haue a feruent desire and to hunger that God of his mercie would giue vs his Spirite to raigne and rule in our hearts and to bow them to all obedience and subjection of his will further whereas our hearts haue bene as it were filthie sties and stables of the deuill that hee would renew them and make of them sit temples to entertaine his owne spirite Psal. 51. 10. Create in me a cleane hearte
the power of the flesh the deuill and the world Some take euil in this place only for the deuil but wee may take it more largely for all spirituall enemies 1. Iohn 5. 19. The vvhole world lyeth in euill vz. Vnder the power of sinne and Satan These words as I haue said are a proofe and explanation of the former for when a man is deliuered from euill he is not led into temptation the cause being taken away the effect ceaseth 3. The vses 1. HEnce wee learne what a righteous God Iehoua is that can work an euill action yet be void of sinne 2. Whereas we say Lead vs not c. We note that the deuil in teÌ„ptations can go noe further then God permits him 3. Wee are not to pray that temptations be quite taken from vs or that we be whollie freed froÌ„ them but that they doe not ouercome vs. For it is the Lordes wil that his Church should be tempted Nay Dauid desired some kind of temptations Psal. 26. 1. Prooue me O Lord. And Iames saith account it for exceeding ioy when ye shall fal into diuers temptations Iam. 1. 2. 4. Note also that euery man by nature is the boÌ„dslaue of sin Satan For where is deliueraÌ„ce there was a bondage first This confutes the Papists who maintain fre-wil for we ar dead in him by nature as a man in a graue and we must still pray thus til we be fully deliuered 4. Wants to be bâ—wailed THE corruption which in this petition we ought to mourn for is the continuall rebellion of our wicked natures our pronenes to yeeld vp our selues in euery temptation to sin and Satan And the remnants of the old bondage vnder Satan must be grieuous and irkesome vnto vs and we must bewaile it very bitterly The Iewes in a bodily captiuitie wept vvhen they remembred Sion Psal. 127. Howe much more should we weep when we feele the lawe of our members rebelling against the lawe of our minds leading vs captiue to sin 5. Graces to be desired THE contrary blessing to bee desired is that God woulde stablish vs by his free spirit Ps. 51. 12 which is so called because it settes vs euery day more more at liber tie out of the reach of sin Satan For thine is the kingdome the power and glory for euer 1. Meaning THese words containe a reason of all the former petitions whereby we are mooued to craue thinges needfull at Gods hand Thine is Earthly kinges haue kingdome power and glorie Dan. 2. 37 Yet not from themselues but froÌ„ God whose vice-gerents they are on earth Therfore to make a difference betwene Gods kingdome power and glory those of earthly kings it is said thine is the kingdome c. that is God hath all these in himself and from himself and they from him The kingdome These wordes 1. Chron. 29. 11. at fully expounded Thine O Lord is greatnesse power and victorie and praise for al that is in heauen earth is thine thine is the kingdome thou excellest as head ouer al c. The kingdome is said to bee Gods because hee is absolute possessor and owner of al things that are and also hath soueraigne rule ouer all things at his will Nowe out of this first propertie of God we may gather a strong motiue to induce vs to pray vnto him alone For seeing all thinges are his both in heauen and earth whatsoeuer therefore wee must come to him for the graces and blessings which wee desire The power Oftentimes earthly princes haue kingdomes yet want power but God hath kingdom power also yea his power is infinite and he can do al that he wil more then hee will as for those things which come of impotencie he cannot do theÌ„ for if he câ—ld he should not be omnipotent And as he is omnipotent in himselfe so all the power which any creture hath is from him alone Question Howe can this be seeing the deuill hath power to sinne which is not from God Ansâ—er To sinne is no power but rather a want of power otherwise all the strength and power that Satan hath is of God And from this second property is taken another motiue to moue vs to pray vnto God Because all power being his wee can neuer do any of the thinges which we aske but by power receiued from him Thine is the glory This thirde propertie of God ariseth from the two former for seeing the title interest in all things and the power whereby they are disposed and gouerned is of God therefore it followes that all glory is his yea in him is fulnes of glory and the glory of the creature is all of him To sinfull men belonges nothing but shame and confusion Dan. 9. verse 7. This third propertie ministreth a thirde motiue to induce men to pray vnto God alone For seeing all glory by right is his therefore wee must invocate his holy name that in so doing we may giue him the glory due vnto him For euer The words in the originall are for ages Nowe an age signifies the space of an hundred years but here it is taken for eternitie because eternitie is nothing but the multiplication of ages And as eternitie is heere noted by ages so on the contrary we reade that eternitie is takeÌ„ for a certaine and distinct time Gen. 17. 8. God promiseth Abraham to giue him the lande of Canaan for an euerlasting possession that is for a long season For els Abrahams seede shuld inherite the lande vntill this time which it doth not Wherfore as often the whol is put for the part vz. eternitie for a certaine time so here the part is put for the whole an age for eternitie This also maketh a difference betweene earthly Princes and the mightie Iehouah They haue kingdome power and glory for a short time but hee absolutely and for euer 2. The vses 1. HEre wee learne in praier to abase our selues before God and vtterly to deny all that is in vs. Kingdome power glory is all his not ours wee are no better then rebels and traitors to him if we haue any good thing it is froÌ„ him euen the grace whereby we pray And hee that in praier will not confesse this shal no more be heard then the insolent begger that wil not acknowledg his want 2. Secondly againe in praier we learne that we must be perswaded of two things and build vpon them Gods power and will his power in that he is able his wil in that he is careful to performe our requests as it was noted in the preface the first of these is set out in his kingdome and power The second is noted in that glory is his 2. Cor. 1. 20. For al the promises of God in him ar yea Amen vnto the glory of God 3. And hence wee gather that praier and thanks-giuing must go together for as in the six petitions wee made request to GOD so in these wordes
must putte on the person and the verie affection of a poore wretched begger and certainely not being grieued with the rufull condition in which we are in our selues it is not possible for vs to pray effectually Psalm 130. verse 1. Out of the deepes I called vpon thee O Lord that is when I was in my greatest miserie and as it were not far frō the gulfes of hell then I cried to God Isai. 26. 16. Lord in trouble haue they visited thee they powred out a prayer when thy chastening was vpon them 1. Sam. 1. 15 I am a woman saith Anna of an hard spirite that is a troubled soule and haue powred out my soul before the lord Hence it appeareth that the ordinary praiers of most mē greuously displease God seing they ar made for fashion only without any sense and feeling of their miseries commonly men come with the Pharisie in ostentation of their integritie and they take greate paines with their lips but their harts wāder from the Lorde The second thing required in a contrite hart is a longing desire and hungring after Gods graces and benefites whereof we stand in need It is not sufficient for a man to buckle as it were and to go crooked vnder his sinnes and miseries but also hee must haue a desire to be eased of them to be enriched with graces needefull Thus Hezekias the king and the Prophet Isaiah the Sonne of Amos praied against Senacharib and cried vnto heauen 2. Chron. 32. 20. Where wee may see what a maruelous desire they had to obtaine their request So also Rom. 8. 26. The spirite maketh request with grones so greate that they cannot be vttered as they are felte Dauid Psalm 143. 6. saith that hee desireth after the Lorde as the thirstie land Now we know that the groūd partched with heat opens it selfe in rifts and cranies and gapes towards heauen as though it would deuoure the cloudes for want of moisture and thus must the hart bee disposed to Gods grace till it obtaine it The people of Israel being in grieuous affliction How do they pray They powre out their souls like vvater before the face of the Lord. Lam. 2. vers 19. The fift question is in whose name praier must be made Answer It must not be made in the name of any creature but onely in the name and mediatiō of Christ. Ioh. 14. ver 14. If yee ask any thing in my name I will do it A man is not to present his prayers to God in any worthines of his own merites For what is hee to make the best of himself what can he make of himselfe by nature he is no better thē the verie firebrand of hell and of all Gods creatures the most outragious rebell to God and therefore cannot be heard for his own sake As for Saints they can be no mediators seing euen they themselues in heauen are accepted of God not for themselues but only for the blessed merites of Christ. If any man sinne saith S. Iohn 1. Epistle chap. 2. verse 1. Wee haue an Aduocate with the Father Iesus Christ But how proues he this It followes then And hee is the reconciliation for our sinnes His reason stands thus he which must bee an aduocate must firste of all be a reconciliation for vs no Saintes can be a reconciliation for vs therefore no Saints can be Aduocates Therfore in this place is manifest an other faulte of ignoraunt people They cry often Lord help me Lorde haue mercy vpon me But in whose name pray they poore soules like blinde bayardes they rush vpon the Lord they know no mediatour in whose name they should present their praiers vnto him Little do they consider with themselues that God is as well a most terrible Iudge as a mercifull Father The sixt question is whether saith be requisit to prayer or not Answere Praier is to be made with faith whereby a man may haue a certaine assurance to be heard For he that praieth must stedfastly beleeue that God in Christ will grāt his petition This affiance being wanting it maketh praier to bee no praier For how can be pray for any thing effectually who doubteth whether he shall obtaine it or noe Wherefore it is an especiall pointe of prayer to be perswaded that God to whome praier is made not onely can but also will graunt his request Marke 11. 24. Whatsoeuer yee desire vvhen yee praye beleeue that yee shall haue it and it shall bee doone vnto you Here we see two thinges required in praier the first a desire of the good thinges which we want the second is faith wherby we beleue that God will grant the thinges desired The ground of this faith is reconciliation with God the assurance thereof For vnlesse a man be in conscience in some mesure perswaded that al his sinnes are pardoned and that hee stands reconciled to God in Christ hee cannot beleeue any other promises reuealed in the word nor that any of his praiers shall be heard Thus much of the definition of praier now let vs see what vse may be made of this commandement Pray yee thus Seeing our Sauiour commandeth his Disciples and so euen vs also to praie to God it is our dutie not only to present our praiers to God but also to doe it cheerefully and earnestlie Rom. 15. 30. Also brethren I besech you that yee woulde striue with me by praiers to God for me What is the cause why the Lord doeth oft defer his blessings after our praiers No cause but that hee might stirre vs vp to be more feruent more earnestly to crye vnto the Lord. Exod. 32. 10. When Moses praieth to God in the behalfe of the Israelites the lord answers Let me alone as though his praiers did bind the Lord and hinder him frō executing his iudgments Wherefore this is good aduise for all Christian men to continue and to be zealous in praier If thou be an ignorant man for shame learne to praie seeing it is Gods commandement make conscience of it We see that there is no man vnlesse he be desperatly wicked but wil mak some conscience of killing stealing and why is this because it is Gods commandment Thou shalt not kill thou shalt not steale Well then this also is Gods commandement to pray Let this consideration breed in thee a conscience of this dutie and although thy corrupt nature shall drawe thee away from it yet striue to the contrary and know it certainely that the breach of this command maketh thee as well guiltie of damnation before God as any other Furthermore this must be a motiue to prick thee forward to this dutie that as God commandes vs to pray so also he giues the spirite of praier whereby the commaundement is made easie vnto vs. If the Lord had commanded a thing impossible then there had bene some cause of discouragemēt but commanding a thing through the grace of his spirite verie easie and profitable howe much more are we bound
to the obedience of the same Againe praier is the key whereby wee open the treasures of God and pull downe his mercies vpon vs. For as the preaching of the word serues to declare and to conuey vnto vs Gods graces so in praier we come to haue a liue lie feeling of the same in our harts And further this must moue vs to praier seeing in praier we haue familiaritie with Gods Maiestie It is an high fauour for a man to bee familiar with a Prince howe much more then to be familiar with the King of Kings the mightie Iehouah This then can bee no burthen or trouble vnto vs being one of the many prerogatiues that God bestowes on his Church For in the preaching of the worde it pleaseth God to talke to vs and in praier God doth vouchsafe vs this honour to speake and as it were familiarly to talk with him not as to a fearful Iudge but as to a louing and mercifull God Consider also that praier is a worthie means of defence not onely to vs but also to the Church and them that are absent By it Moses stood in the breache which Gods wrath had made into the pepill of Israell and staied the same Psalm 106. ver 23 by this Christian men fight as valiant champions against their own corruptions and all other spirituall enemies Ephes. 6. vers 18. Infinite were it to shewe howe many blessings the Lord hath bestowed on his seruaunts by prayer In a worde Luther whome it pleased God to vse as a worthie instrumeÌ„t for the restoring of the Gospell testifieth of himselfe that hauing this grace giuen him to call vpon the name of the lord he had more reuealed vnto him of Gods trueth by praier then by reding study The second point of the coÌ„mandement is to pray after the maner following in the Lordes prayer Where it is to bee noted that the Lords prayer is a direction and as it were a sampler to teach vs how and in what maner wee ought to praie None is to imagine that we are bound to vse these words only and none other For the meaning of Christ is not to binde vs to the words but to the matter and maner and to the like affections in praying If this were not so the praiers of Gods seruants set down in the bookes of the old and newe Testament should be al faultie because they ar not according to the wordes of the Lords praier Also by reason of this diuers in our church ignorantly perswade them selues that it is vnlawfull to vse the wordes as they are set downe for a praier First say they it is Scripture and therefore not to be vsed as a prayer I answer that the same thing may be the scripture of god and also the praier of man else the praiers of Moses Dauid and Paul being set downe in the scriptures cease to be praiers Againe they say that in praier we are to expres our wantes in particular and the graces which wee desire nowe in these wordes all things to be praied for are onely in generall propounded I answer that the maine wants that are in any man and the principall graces of God to be destred are set downe in the petitions of this praier in particular Thirdly they pleade that the pattern to make al praiers by should not be vsed as a praier I answere that therefore the rather it may be vsed aâ— a praier and sure it is thâ—â— ancient and worthie diuines haue reuereÌ„ced it as a praier chosing rather to vse these words then any other as Cyprianus sermone de orat Dominic And Tertullian lib. de fuga in persequutione And Augustine sermone 126. de teÌ„pore Wherfore the opinion is ful of ignoraÌ„ce error Well whereas our Sauiour first giues a commaundement to pray and then after giueth a direction for the keeping of it this he doeth to stiree vp our dulnes and to allure vs by all meanes to this heauenly exercise of praier Wherfore still I say imploy your selues in praier feruently and continually and if you cannot do it learne to praye Thus much of the commandement of our Sauior Christ nowe followe the wordes of the praier Our Father which art c. THese wordes containe three parts 1. a preface 2. the praier it self containing six petitions 3. the testification of faith in the last worde Amen Which although it be short yet it doth not containe the smallest point in the praier It is I say a testification of our faith whereas the petitions that go before are only testifications of our desires Nowe of these three parts in order We must consider how our Sauiour Christ doth not set downe the petitions abruptly but he first beginnes with a solemne preface Whereby we are taught this lessoÌ„ that he which is to pray vnto God is first to prepare himselfe and not boldly without consideration as it were to rushe into the presence of God If a maÌ„ be to come before an earthly Prince hee will order himselfe in apparel gesture and words that he may do all thinges in seemelines dutiful reuerence how much more are men to order themselues when they are to appear before the liuing God Eccle. 5. 1. Be not rash with thy mouth let not thine hart be hastie to vtter a thing before the Lord. And Dauid Psal. 26. 6. Washed his hands in innocencie before he came to the Altar of the Lord to offer sacrifice The meanes whereby men may stir vp their dul and heauie heaâ—â— and so prepare themselues to praier are three The first is to read diligently the word of God concerning those matters about which they are to pray and what then this will be a meanes not onely to direct him but also to quicken the heart more feruently to deliuer his praier This is euident by a coÌ„parison The beames of the sunne descending heat not before they come to the earth or some solide body where they may reflect and then by that means the earth and aire adjoyning is made very hote euen so the Lord sends downe vnto vs his blessed Worde euen as beames and the goodly sunshine thereby he speaks to our harts now when we make our praiers of that which we haue reade Gods worde is as it were reflected and our heartes are thereby warned with the coÌ„fortable heat of Gods holy spirit to powre out our praiers to God more feruently The second meanes is to pray to God that hee would strengthen vs with his spirit that we might be able to pray as it is practised Psalme 143. 1. The third meanes is the consideration of Gods most glorious maiestie wherin we are to remember first his fatherly goodnes and kindenes whereby he is willing secondly his omnipotencie where by he is able to grant our requests One of these emboldned the Lepar to pray Lord if thou wilt thou canst make me cleane Mat. 8. 2. Therfore both together are more effectuall Nowe let vs come to the