another_o the_o thin_a more_o noble_a and_o better_o furnish_v with_o spirit_n it_o hide_v within_o the_o thick_a cold_a and_o clammier_n which_o most_o part_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o mother_n seed_n it_o compass_v about_o the_o former_a at_o these_o cold_a and_o viscidpart_v of_o the_o seed_n it_o begin_v the_o conformation_n for_o of_o they_o it_o make_v membrane_n and_o streatch_v membrane_n first_o the_o membrane_n they_o out_o in_o breadth_n according_a to_o nature_n use_n and_o intent_n show_v therein_o her_o admirable_a providence_n for_o with_o these_o as_o it_o be_v with_o defence_n the_o more_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v wall_v about_o and_o secure_v the_o inward_a spirit_n conclude_v or_o imprison_v which_o otherwise_o because_o of_o their_o tenuity_n will_v easy_o vanish_v add_v far_o that_o if_o the_o membrane_n have_v not_o first_o be_v make_v the_o tender_a embryo_n and_o the_o principal_a part_n thereof_o will_v have_v suffer_v offence_n from_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o even_o as_o god_n in_o the_o great_a world_n have_v separate_v the_o fire_n from_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o water_n and_o air_n so_o in_o the_o microcosm_n or_o little_a world_n the_o nature_n of_o manimitate_v the_o grand_a architect_n have_v separate_v the_o infant_n from_o the_o womb_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o these_o membrane_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o membrane_n be_v not_o all_o one_o in_o beast_n and_o in_o man_n for_o in_o beast_n especial_o such_o as_o have_v horn_n we_o have_v observe_v three_o membrane_n 3._o in_o beast_n 3._o call_v chorion_n amnion_n &_o allantoidem_fw-la that_o we_o call_v chorion_n cleave_v whole_o to_o the_o womb_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o umbilicall_a vein_n and_o artery_n and_o in_o this_o membrane_n be_v to_o be_v see_v those_o cotyledones_fw-la weave_v of_o a_o fleshy_a and_o spungy_a substance_n the_o second_o membrane_n call_v amnios_n be_v thin_a than_o the_o former_a this_o compass_v round_o about_o the_o creature_n and_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o sweat_n the_o three_o be_v call_v allantoide_v because_o it_o be_v much_o like_o that_o we_o call_v a_o haggis_n pudding_n for_o it_o do_v not_o encompass_v all_o the_o creature_n but_o only_o from_o the_o breast-blade_n to_o the_o hip_n and_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o a_o girdle_n or_o broad_a swath_n and_o be_v say_v to_o contain_v the_o urine_n of_o the_o creature_n while_o it_o be_v in_o the_o womb_n in_o a_o man_n there_o be_v only_o two_o membrane_n to_o be_v find_v the_o first_o and_o the_o second_o call_v chorion_n and_o amnios_n chorion_n in_o man_n two_o chorion_n the_o chorion_n be_v nervous_a and_o strong_a &_o encompass_v the_o infant_n round_o whence_o haply_o it_o have_v his_o name_n either_o because_o it_o compass_v it_o as_o a_o circle_n or_o crown_n or_o because_o it_o be_v foetus_fw-la ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o conceptacle_n of_o the_o infant_n or_o because_o it_o suppli_v nourishment_n unto_o it_o for_o somuch_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d found_v this_o membrane_n like_o a_o soft_a bolster_n or_o pillow_n susteyn_v and_o support_v all_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n for_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a that_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o infant_n issue_v out_o of_o his_o navel_n shall_v go_v so_o long_a a_o journey_n naked_a without_o defence_n in_o they_o be_v not_o as_o in_o brâââ_n find_v why_o in_o woman_n the_o cotyledones_fw-la be_v not_o find_v beast_n those_o cotyledones_fw-la or_o knubbe_v like_o the_o teat_n of_o the_o breast_n but_o only_o a_o fleshy_a mass_n make_v of_o infinite_a branch_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n wonderful_o implicate_v or_o weave_v together_o and_o fill_v up_o with_o blood_n which_o suppli_v the_o place_n of_o these_o cotyledones_fw-la the_o late_a writer_n call_v it_o the_o cake_n or_o liver_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o some_o orbicularem_fw-la affusionem_fw-la the_o round_a affusion_n who_o use_n be_v as_o another_o liver_n to_o prepare_v and_o boil_v the_o blood_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o infant_n we_o do_v rather_o call_v this_o round_a and_o red_a body_n like_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o moon_n when_o it_o be_v at_o the_o full_a which_o cleave_v only_o to_o one_o part_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o do_v not_o whole_o encompass_v the_o infant_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d or_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o sweetebread_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o do_v assign_v unto_o it_o that_o use_v that_o the_o sweetebread_n have_v in_o the_o low_a belly_n to_o wit_n safe_o to_o support_v and_o as_o a_o pillow_n cake_n the_o use_n of_o the_o cake_n to_o bear_v up_o the_o umbilicall_a vessel_n diverse_o sprinkle_v through_o the_o chorion_n but_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v why_o a_o infant_n have_v not_o those_o acetabula_fw-la or_o cotyledones_fw-la to_o tie_v the_o chorion_n firm_o to_o the_o womb_n as_o it_o be_v in_o beast_n happy_o because_o a_o woman_n do_v not_o bring_v forth_o so_o many_o young_a as_o beast_n do_v or_o because_o the_o womb_n of_o a_o beast_n swell_v more_o outward_a and_o therefore_o can_v not_o bear_v their_o burden_n unless_o it_o have_v be_v fasten_v with_o strong_a tie_n the_o other_o coat_n which_o immediate_o encompass_v the_o infant_n from_o the_o softness_n and_o thinness_n thereof_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o lambs-skinne_n other_o call_v it_o the_o shirt_n and_o the_o arabian_n âbigas_n amneios_fw-la amneios_fw-la it_o be_v loose_a on_o every_o side_n unless_o it_o be_v at_o the_o place_n of_o the_o cake_n where_o it_o grow_v so_o fast_o to_o the_o chorion_n that_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v separate_v and_o this_o coat_n receive_v the_o sweat_n and_o theyrine_n from_o whence_o the_o infant_n have_v no_o small_a help_n for_o it_o swim_v as_o it_o be_v in_o these_o water_n or_o be_v couch_v in_o they_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o bath_n beside_o it_o make_v the_o birth_n more_o facile_a and_o easy_a use_n his_o use_n because_o it_o moystn_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o make_v it_o more_o slippery_a these_o coat_n grow_v one_o to_o another_o seem_v to_o make_v but_o one_o cover_v which_o the_o greel_n call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o latin_n secunda_fw-la or_o secundina_fw-la either_o because_o it_o issue_v last_o out_o of_o the_o afterbirth_n the_o afterbirth_n womb_n in_o the_o birth_n or_o because_o it_o be_v a_o second_o habitation_n for_o the_o infant_n the_o womb_n be_v the_o first_o we_o call_v it_o common_o the_o afterbirth_n the_o inner_a or_o more_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v secure_v by_o these_o membrane_n or_o coat_n more_o bloud_o undertake_v the_o form_n of_o the_o part_n at_o that_o time_n therefore_o the_o spirit_n wake_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o because_o there_o be_v two_o faculty_n assistant_n to_o the_o procreating_a faculty_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o change_a and_o the_o form_n therefore_o first_o of_o all_o the_o seed_n be_v alter_v or_o change_v and_o dispose_v then_o almost_o in_o the_o same_o instant_n the_o first_o thread_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v together_o and_o at_o once_o skor_v or_o shadow_v out_o with_o rude_a line_n then_o be_v to_o be_v see_v three_o bubble_n or_o clear_a drop_n such_o as_o the_o rain_n raise_v when_o it_o fall_v into_o a_o river_n which_o be_v the_o rudiment_n of_o the_o three_o principal_a part_n &_o beside_o a_o thousand_o hypocrates_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o part_n be_v lay_v at_o once_o 3._o bladder_n hypocrates_n string_n which_o be_v the_o warp_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n so_o that_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a that_o those_o oracle_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la be_v most_o true_a where_o he_o say_v that_o all_o the_o part_n be_v inchoated_a or_o begin_v together_o but_o do_v not_o appear_v neither_o be_v perfect_v at_o once_o but_o by_o degree_n but_o at_o what_o time_n whether_o the_o five_o or_o the_o seven_o day_n all_o these_o begin_v to_o be_v figure_v he_o only_o the_o creator_n who_o deliniated_a the_o 7._o day_n the_o part_n be_v deliniated_a make_v the_o infant_n know_v and_o none_o else_o yet_o if_o we_o will_v rely_v upon_o hypocrates_n authority_n or_o upon_o our_o own_o experience_n which_o be_v very_o tickle_a we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o seven_o day_n the_o seed_n have_v what_o soever_o the_o body_n ought_v to_o have_v that_o be_v as_o i_o interpret_v it_o the_o seven_o day_n do_v appear_v the_o rudiment_n of_o all_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n which_o also_o your_o eye_n may_v discern_v if_o you_o cast_v the_o mass_n into_o fair_a water_n and_o then_o diligent_o view_v it_o
and_o the_o inward_a heat_n dissipate_v which_o be_v wont_a to_o move_v and_o solicit_v the_o appetite_n which_o also_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o every_o man_n in_o winter_n eat_v more_o than_o he_o do_v in_o summer_n or_o we_o may_v say_v that_o they_o be_v dry_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o so_o become_v thirsty_a and_o drink_v often_o insomuch_o that_o the_o stomach_n be_v relax_v or_o loosen_v by_o the_o moisture_n of_o drink_n become_v languide_v and_o so_o the_o appetite_n be_v break_v or_o we_o may_v say_v further_o that_o be_v very_o dry_v they_o can_v be_v hungry_a because_o aristotle_n say_v it_o be_v impossible_a that_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n a_o man_n shall_v vehement_o desire_v both_o meat_n and_o drink_n it_o be_v further_a object_v that_o as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sens_n &_o objection_n objection_n sensi_fw-la which_o also_o be_v prove_v true_a by_o experience_n that_o when_o we_o be_v full_a we_o loathe_v the_o smell_n of_o meat_n but_o delight_n in_o the_o smell_n of_o spice_n and_o rose_n if_o therefore_o the_o odour_n of_o meat_n do_v not_o nourish_v a_o full_a stomach_n will_v no_o more_o abhor_v the_o odour_n of_o meat_n then_o of_o rose_n or_o spice_n solution_n solution_n but_o we_o answer_v that_o this_o satiety_n happen_v not_o because_o of_o the_o odour_n but_o because_o of_o the_o steam_n or_o exhalation_n wherein_o the_o odour_n be_v for_o we_o grant_v that_o such_o a_o steam_n may_v in_o some_o sort_n nourish_v but_o the_o odour_n of_o rose_n which_o have_v for_o his_o subject_n a_o more_o subtle_a exhalation_n be_v better_a please_v unto_o we_o especial_o because_o their_o smell_n be_v very_o fragrant_a and_o acceptable_a whereas_o the_o smell_n of_o meat_n be_v never_o please_v but_o when_o we_o be_v a_o hungry_a we_o conclude_v therefore_o with_o aristotle_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o odour_n do_v not_o at_o all_o nourish_v other_o dispute_v more_o probable_o do_v make_v according_a to_o galen_n two_o kind_n of_o nourishment_n one_o which_o be_v take_v by_o the_o mouth_n and_o nourish_v the_o solid_a part_n of_o the_o body_n another_o which_o be_v draw_v through_o the_o nostril_n which_o nourish_v the_o thin_a &_o airy_a reason_n some_o say_v that_o odour_n nourish_v the_o spirit_n their_o reason_n part_n as_o the_o spirit_n for_o galen_n affirm_v that_o the_o spirit_n do_v feed_v upon_o air_n and_o odour_n wherefore_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o spirit_n they_o attribute_v unto_o odour_n and_o the_o rather_o be_v they_o induce_v so_o to_o think_v because_o nasty_a and_o abominable_a smell_n do_v make_v man_n oftentimes_o swoon_v yea_o and_o such_o exhalation_n arise_v from_o dead_a carcase_n or_o muddy_a fen_n do_v infect_v the_o air_n and_o breed_v a_o pestilence_n add_v hereto_o that_o in_o the_o low_a country_n the_o odour_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o flower_n of_o bean_n as_o they_o grow_v in_o the_o field_n do_v often_o drive_v traveller_n into_o a_o deliration_n or_o light_a madness_n as_o levinus_n lemnius_n have_v observe_v and_o plutarch_n say_v that_o by_o the_o smell_n of_o ointment_n cat_n do_v grow_v mad_a moreover_o physician_n do_v consent_v that_o the_o smell_n of_o spice_n do_v breed_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v a_o pain_n or_o dull_a answer_n answer_n stupidity_n and_o fullness_n in_o the_o head_n add_v hereto_o that_o many_o odour_n or_o smell_n be_v able_a to_o refresh_v a_o man_n when_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o swoon_v or_o faint_v away_o they_o exhilerate_v or_o cheer_v the_o heart_n and_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v aristotle_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v they_o correct_v the_o distemper_n of_o the_o brain_n all_o these_o thing_n we_o confess_v be_v true_a if_o they_o be_v understand_v of_o that_o vaporous_a or_o airy_a exhalation_n or_o substance_n wherein_o the_o odour_n be_v transport_v for_o by_o that_o mean_n or_o in_o that_o respect_n only_o the_o odour_n be_v say_v to_o nourish_v the_o spirit_n and_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-fr compositione_n medicamentorum_fw-la secundum_fw-la locos_fw-la and_o the_o 4._o chapter_n write_v that_o if_o with_o the_o odour_n there_o be_v also_o many_o vapour_n associate_v then_o say_v he_o such_o odour_n have_v some_o faculty_n to_o nourish_v but_o if_o we_o understand_v by_o odour_n the_o simple_a object_n of_o the_o smell_n naked_a and_o separate_v from_o exhalation_n it_o be_v utter_o false_a that_o they_o say_v for_o although_o that_o vaporous_a substance_n wherein_o the_o odor_n be_v convey_v do_v by_o the_o help_n of_o other_o quality_n concommitate_v or_o accompany_v the_o odour_n cherish_v and_o refresh_v the_o spirit_n and_o perform_v those_o other_o good_a office_n which_o we_o have_v remember_v yet_o it_o follow_v not_o from_o hence_o that_o a_o odour_n be_v a_o substance_n rather_o that_o it_o be_v a_o accident_n of_o a_o substance_n because_o it_o do_v inhere_o in_o the_o forename_a qualify_a vapour_n but_o we_o will_v come_v unto_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o odour_n qvest._n xlviii_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o odour_n a_o odour_n be_v a_o quality_n move_v the_o smell_n arise_v out_o of_o a_o fit_a mixtion_n of_o the_o four_o element_n wherein_o heat_n and_o moisture_n have_v the_o predominance_n for_o we_o conceive_v be_v what_o a_o odour_n be_v with_o aristotle_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la that_o in_o the_o pure_a and_o sincere_a element_n there_o be_v no_o odour_n at_o all_o aristotle_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chapter_n render_v the_o reason_n because_o they_o can_v have_v no_o taste_n unless_o they_o be_v mingle_v for_o the_o taste_n and_o the_o smell_n that_o be_v the_o sapour_fw-la and_o the_o savour_n or_o odour_n do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o same_o matter_n yet_o so_o that_o in_o sapour_n there_o be_v more_o moisture_n in_o odour_n more_o siccity_n notwithstanding_o in_o odour_n the_o siccity_n be_v not_o at_o any_o time_n without_o some_o humour_n for_o those_o thing_n that_o wither_v and_o be_v torrify_v do_v loose_v their_o odour_n as_o may_v appear_v in_o the_o ash_n of_o juniper_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o all_o the_o humour_n be_v consume_v the_o odour_n or_o smell_n vanish_v also_o therewithal_o again_o some_o that_o be_v over-dryed_n recover_v their_o smell_n by_o the_o permixtion_n of_o moisture_n but_o that_o in_o odoriferous_a thing_n the_o siccity_n be_v predominant_a may_v be_v prove_v because_o such_o sweet_a smell_a flower_n or_o what_o else_o you_o shall_v name_n become_v without_o smell_n if_o they_o be_v too_o odour_n that_o drought_n be_v predominant_a in_o odour_n much_o moisten_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o rose_n gather_v in_o the_o rain_n do_v smell_v very_o little_a nothing_o at_o all_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o fragrancy_n of_o those_o that_o be_v gather_v in_o fair_a and_o dry_a weather_n that_o also_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o egypt_n the_o flower_n be_v not_o sweet_a because_o the_o air_n be_v moist_a and_o cloudy_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o water_n of_o nilus_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o hot_a climate_n of_o the_o east_n as_o arabia_n syria_n &_o the_o indies_n do_v bring_v forth_o spice_n and_o other_o plant_n of_o excellent_a and_o delicate_a objection_n why_o in_o egypt_n the_o flower_n do_v not_o smell_v objection_n smell_v it_o may_v be_v object_v there_o be_v many_o water_n which_o be_v very_o odoriferous_a now_o no_o man_n will_v deny_v but_o that_o in_o water_n the_o moisture_n exceed_v the_o drought_n we_o answer_v that_o in_o water_n the_o odour_n be_v only_o potential_a and_o that_o the_o heat_n elevate_v or_o raise_v up_o from_o out_o of_o they_o a_o vapour_n or_o exhalation_n wherein_o the_o siccity_n prevail_v over_o the_o humidity_n and_o in_o this_o vapour_n be_v there_o a_o actual_a odour_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o this_o move_v the_o sense_n but_o the_o other_o odour_n which_o be_v in_o the_o water_n can_v move_v the_o sense_n unless_o it_o exhale_v together_o solution_n solution_n with_o the_o vapour_n and_o attain_v unto_o the_o organ_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o we_o may_v easy_o admit_v if_o we_o draw_v into_o our_o nostril_n a_o little_a sweet_a water_n for_o so_o we_o shall_v not_o smell_v the_o odour_n thereof_o because_o of_o necessity_n a_o vapour_n be_v require_v to_o actuate_v the_o odour_n moreover_o that_o all_o that_o odour_n be_v potential_a which_o consist_v not_o in_o a_o vapour_n but_o lurk_v as_o yet_o in_o mix_a body_n may_v be_v convince_v by_o invincible_a argument_n for_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 5_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la et_fw-la sensili_fw-la say_v the_o subject_n of_o sapour_n and_o savour_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o if_o therefore_o in_o odour_n or_o savour_n siccity_n be_v predominant_a
we_o shall_v hear_v afterward_o the_o use_n of_o this_o vital_a spirit_n be_v according_a to_o his_o nature_n divine_a also_o both_o within_o and_o influens_fw-la the_o use_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n within_o &_o without_o the_o heart_n calor_fw-la influens_fw-la without_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o heart_n to_o be_v the_o principal_a instrument_n of_o the_o function_n of_o the_o heart_n without_o the_o heart_n his_o use_n be_v double_a one_o to_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o we_o call_v calor_fw-la influens_fw-la the_o influent_a heat_n which_o it_o may_v receive_v as_o the_o air_n do_v the_o light_n and_o so_o exhibit_v it_o to_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o the_o other_o to_o be_v the_o martyr_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n this_o vital_a spirit_n have_v a_o double_a matter_n airy_a and_o sanguine_a for_o it_o be_v make_v as_o galen_n say_v in_o double_a his_o matter_n double_a his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hipp._n &_o platonis_fw-la of_o aer_fw-la and_o blood_n mingle_v together_o that_o it_o be_v make_v of_o aer_fw-la hypocrates_n teach_v in_o epidemijs_n when_o he_o say_v such_o as_o be_v the_o aer_fw-la such_o be_v air_n air_n the_o spirit_n a_o foggy_a and_o cloudy_a aer_fw-la engender_v a_o gross_a and_o duskish_a spirit_n and_o again_o hypocrates_n the_o southwind_n dull_a the_o hear_n be_v misty_a and_o breed_v a_o dissolution_n of_o the_o spirit_n this_o airy_a substance_n alone_o can_v contain_v within_o the_o body_n the_o vital_a heat_n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o admistion_n of_o thin_a and_o subtle_a blood_n which_o shall_v restrain_v the_o blood_n blood_n impetuous_a force_n of_o the_o air_n and_o both_o these_o matter_n before_o they_o come_v unto_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o preparation_n the_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o prepare_v how_o &_o where_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v prepare_v nose_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n his_o vessel_n and_o his_o whole_a soft_a rare_a and_o spongy_a substance_n &_o by_o a_o long_a delay_n do_v acquire_v a_o quality_n familiar_a to_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n this_o air_n thus_o prepare_v be_v convey_v by_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o this_o be_v the_o preparation_n of_o the_o aer_fw-la these_o the_o passage_n by_o which_o it_o be_v conduct_v to_o the_o heart_n concern_v the_o preparation_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o what_o place_n it_o be_v make_v and_o accomplish_v opinion_n how_o the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v 4._o opinion_n and_o by_o what_o way_n it_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n the_o anatomist_n do_v strive_v with_o implacable_a contention_n i_o have_v read_v and_o turn_v over_o many_o of_o the_o monument_n both_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o also_o of_o late_a writer_n and_o i_o find_v four_o opinion_n every_o one_o repugnant_a to_o another_o the_o first_o and_o the_o most_o ancient_a be_v that_o of_o galen_n he_o think_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v carry_v galem_fw-la the_o first_o and_o true_a of_o galem_fw-la through_o the_o hollow_a vein_n which_o with_o a_o open_a mouth_n gape_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o into_o a_o cistern_n and_o be_v there_o boil_a attenuate_v and_o subact_v and_o then_o a_o part_n of_o it_o be_v send_v by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n into_o the_o lung_n &_o distribute_v into_o they_o for_o their_o norishment_n the_o remainder_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o middle_a partition_n which_o like_o a_o wall_n sever_v the_o two_o ventricles_n asunder_o into_o the_o left_a where_o it_o be_v by_o the_o inbred_a virtue_n of_o the_o heart_n mingle_v with_o the_o aer_fw-la and_o do_v there_o acquire_v the_o form_n of_o a_o vital_a spirit_n assist_v partly_o by_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n of_o the_o heart_n partly_o by_o a_o exceed_a heat_n &_o flame_n whereby_o it_o be_v wrought_v as_o in_o a_o furnace_n into_o a_o more_o pure_a elementary_a form_n this_o opinion_n of_o galen_n which_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v most_o true_a some_o of_o late_a time_n have_v condemn_v for_o they_o do_v not_o think_v it_o possible_a that_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o blood_n as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o generation_n of_o objection_n objection_n vital_a spirit_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n can_v sweat_v through_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n there_o be_v no_o apparent_a and_o sensible_a passage_n and_o the_o wall_n also_o be_v very_o thick_a and_o solid_a moreover_o they_o object_n that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o than_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v vain_a and_o idle_a for_o why_o shall_v not_o the_o blood_n and_o air_n be_v thus_o attenuate_v repass_n again_o out_o of_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o right_n see_v the_o same_o way_n be_v open_a for_o they_o the_o same_o passage_n &_o no_o value_n or_o gate_n to_o hinder_v it_o but_o these_o objection_n be_v of_o less_o weight_n then_o that_o they_o shall_v weaken_v himself_o galens_n mind_n explain_v by_o himself_o the_o authority_n of_o so_o great_a a_o author_n of_o our_o art_n and_o galen_n himself_o foresee_v in_o the_o 15._o cha_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr facultatibus_fw-la naturalibus_fw-la that_o there_o will_v be_v some_o which_o will_v make_v these_o childish_a objection_n wherefore_o in_o another_o place_n he_o thus_o elegant_o explain_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n that_o which_o be_v the_o thin_a be_v draw_v through_o the_o pore_n or_o passage_n of_o the_o partition_n who_o utmost_a end_n can_v hardly_o be_v perceyve_v because_o after_o death_n all_o such_o yea_o all_o other_o passage_n that_o be_v not_o distend_v by_o the_o matter_n contain_v in_o they_o do_v fall_v together_o but_o that_o it_o be_v this_o way_n transmit_v hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a because_o nature_n never_o endevour_v any_o thing_n rash_o or_o in_o vain_a but_o there_o be_v certain_a den_n in_o the_o fence_n or_o partition_n deep_a bosom_n very_o many_o which_o grow_v narrow_a to_o their_o outlet_n by_o which_o the_o blood_n may_v free_o and_o with_o a_o large_a stream_n issue_n out_o of_o one_o ventricle_n into_o another_o but_o the_o cause_n why_o this_o blood_n do_v not_o return_v again_o out_o of_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o right_a side_n may_v be_v well_o refer_v to_o the_o peculiar_a force_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o left_a ventricle_n draw_v this_o blood_n and_o retain_v it_o by_o a_o inbred_a propriety_n and_o for_o a_o while_n enjoy_v it_o and_o then_o thrust_v it_o forth_o into_o the_o tunnel_n of_o the_o artery_n so_o the_o blood_n which_o either_o have_v sweat_n through_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n or_o be_v pour_v forth_o at_o their_o mouth_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o each_o part_n return_v not_o into_o the_o vein_n again_o because_o it_o be_v retain_v and_o receyve_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o opinion_n albeit_o it_o be_v most_o clear_a of_o itself_o yet_o it_o will_v be_v better_o manifest_v unto_o we_o after_o we_o have_v take_v knowledge_n of_o other_o man_n conceit_n and_o discuss_v they_o to_o the_o full_a the_o second_o opinion_n therefore_o be_v that_o of_o columbus_n that_o the_o blood_n indeed_o be_v attenuate_v and_o prepare_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n by_o columbus_n the_o second_o opinion_n of_o columbus_n other_o passage_n and_o not_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o fence_n or_o partition_n and_o what_o need_v we_o seek_v for_o so_o small_a and_o secret_a pore_n when_o it_o have_v a_o open_a channel_n the_o arterial_a vein_n which_o say_v he_o carry_v all_o the_o blood_n out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n into_o the_o lung_n where_o a_o part_n of_o it_o be_v distribute_v for_o their_o nourishment_n the_o rest_n be_v return_v into_o the_o venal_a artery_n and_o from_o it_o together_o with_o the_o air_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o this_o opinion_n of_o his_o he_o strengthen_v with_o two_o reason_n the_o arterial_a vein_n say_v he_o be_v great_a than_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n it_o be_v therefore_o like_a that_o it_o be_v destinate_a also_o for_o the_o conveyance_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n his_o other_o reason_n be_v this_o there_o be_v always_o in_o the_o venal_a artery_n thin_a and_o arterial_a blood_n this_o blood_n be_v receive_v not_o from_o the_o left_a ventricle_n for_o the_o three-forked_a membrane_n will_v not_o suffer_v it_o therefore_o from_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o lung_n these_o thing_n be_v very_o probable_a and_o cloak_v with_o the_o veil_n of_o truth_n yet_o not_o to_o be_v admit_v for_o
but_o how_o perfect_v vesalius_n think_v by_o the_o particular_a substance_n and_o form_n of_o the_o brain_n archangelus_n laurentius_n archangelus_n laurentius_n think_v they_o have_v no_o such_o use_n or_o power_n as_o to_o make_v animal_n spirit_n laurentius_n say_v that_o they_o serve_v for_o the_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o receive_v smell_n and_o to_o prepare_v the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o to_o contain_v they_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o store-house_n yet_o not_o perfect_o accomplish_v but_o inchoat_v only_o archangelus_n subscribe_v unto_o this_o and_o use_n archangelus_n his_o other_o use_n add_v moreover_o that_o the_o air_n draw_v through_o the_o nose_n and_o spungy_a bone_n into_o the_o ventricle_n be_v labour_v and_o prepare_v for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o refection_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n as_o the_o air_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o refrigeration_n &_o recreation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n another_o use_n say_v he_o of_o they_o be_v but_o that_o only_a a_o secundary_a use_n to_o serve_v for_o way_n whereby_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n may_v be_v purge_v neither_o say_v he_o be_v there_o cause_n why_o we_o shall_v wonder_v that_o the_o same_o ventricle_n shall_v hold_v the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o serve_v also_o for_o the_o ablegation_n of_o excrement_n see_v we_o know_v that_o nature_n have_v ordain_v the_o nose_n first_o and_o primary_o to_o be_v a_o mean_n of_o smell_v and_o secondary_o to_o call_v out_o the_o phlegm_n out_o of_o the_o brain_n and_o avoid_v the_o same_o we_o say_v bauhine_n think_v they_o serve_v to_o gather_v the_o excrement_n which_o be_v separate_v bauhine_v bauhine_v in_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o phlegm_n for_o example_n there_o engender_v and_o by_o their_o common_a passage_n to_o send_v it_o into_o the_o tunnell_n call_v infundibulum_fw-la to_o be_v convey_v away_o by_o the_o throat_n archangelus_n in_o this_o place_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o passage_n which_o be_v say_v he_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n observe_v a_o passage_n to_o be_v observe_v under_o the_o mamillary_a process_n and_o have_v a_o double_a issue_n one_o direct_o into_o the_o ventricle_n we_o speak_v off_o the_o other_o into_o the_o pallate_n and_o so_o into_o the_o lung_n this_o passage_n be_v know_v but_o to_o a_o few_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v find_v but_o in_o a_o sound_a brain_n when_o the_o man_n come_v to_o a_o sudden_a and_o unlooked_a for_o end_n and_o be_v present_o dissect_v for_o the_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v about_o this_o passage_n do_v in_o a_o short_a time_n so_o fall_v and_o close_a together_o that_o the_o passage_n be_v clean_o obliterated_a hence_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 10._o chapter_n say_v that_o the_o air_n explayn_v galen_n explayn_v we_o breathe_v in_o by_o our_o nose_n pass_v unto_o the_o heart_n but_o a_o part_n of_o it_o get_v into_o the_o ventricle_n where_o it_o be_v prepare_v and_o make_v the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n columbus_n ascribe_v the_o find_v out_o of_o this_o passage_n to_o himself_o but_o archangelus_n tax_v he_o therefore_o and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o two_o first_o ventricle_n the_o three_o ventricle_n follow_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o concurrence_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o two_o former_a lengthen_v out_o somewhat_o backward_o for_o the_o two_o former_a ventricle_n in_o their_o ventricle_n the_o 3._o ventricle_n low_a part_n under_o the_o arch_n table_n 10._o fig._n 5._o stv_n figure_v 6._o aaa_o do_v meet_v together_o in_o one_o place_n &_o there_o determine_v be_v in_o their_o nether_a part_n like_o a_o narrow_a path_n which_o run_v out_o back_o ward_v a_o pretty_a length_n into_o the_o hindmost_a ventricle_n this_o be_v call_v by_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 12._o chapter_n the_o common_a cavity_n or_o common_a place_n of_o the_o foreward_n galen_n galen_n ventricle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 6._o under_o m_n i_o table_n 11._o fig._n 7._o and_o 8._o m_o by_o other_o who_o do_v deny_v the_o three_o ventricle_n it_o be_v call_v the_o perforation_n of_o the_o two_o former_a ventricle_n other_o call_v it_o the_o three_o ventricle_n or_o the_o middle_a ventricle_n because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o brain_n yea_o and_o in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o marrow_n betwixt_o the_o two_o forewarde_a ventricle_n and_o the_o four_o this_o at_o the_o first_o sight_n be_v like_o a_o long_a slit_n or_o cavity_n tab._n 11._o fig._n 7._o and_o 8._o â_o but_o more_o backward_o galen_n the_o form_n of_o it_o after_o galen_n it_o become_v large_a and_o be_v discern_v part_n of_o it_o when_o the_o arch_n be_v draw_v a_o little_a backward_o part_n of_o it_o when_o the_o testicle_n and_o the_o buttock_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n it_o tend_v direct_o from_o the_o forward_a ventricle_n under_o the_o arch_n the_o testicle_n and_o the_o buttock_n table_n 12._o fig._n 10._o from_o i_o to_o k_n towards_o the_o four_o ventricle_n tab_n 12-fig_n 10._o â_o show_v the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o this_o be_v galens_n delineation_n of_o his_o passage_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 11._o chapter_n whereunto_o vesalius_n platerus_n archangelus_n and_o laurentius_n do_v subscribe_v but_o columbus_n make_v it_o short_a and_z say_v it_o end_v at_o the_o backward_a passage_n near_o to_o the_o glandula_n pinealis_fw-la the_o figure_n of_o it_o say_v archangelus_n be_v uncertain_a because_o there_o be_v many_o eminency_n or_o inequality_n in_o it_o this_o three_o ventricle_n have_v two_o passage_n of_o both_o which_o galen_n make_v mention_n in_o his_o 9_o thereof_o the_o two_o passage_n thereof_o book_n of_o anatomicall_a administration_n and_o the_o four_o chapter_n the_o one_o he_o call_v the_o upper_a hole_n or_o the_o tunnell_n the_o other_o the_o great_a hole_n of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n we_o according_a to_o bauhine_v will_v describe_v they_o thus_o the_o one_o table_n 11._o fig._n 7._o and_o 8._o i_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o ventricle_n and_o be_v first_o the_o first_o reasonable_a large_a it_o be_v cave_a in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o run_v direct_o downward_o towards_o the_o basin_n which_o receive_v the_o phlegm_n at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o by_o it_o the_o phlegm_n of_o the_o two_o forward_a ventricle_n do_v descend_v the_o other_o passage_n table_n 11._o fig_n 7._o and_o 8._o k_o which_o be_v the_o more_o backward_o laurentius_n add_v the_o large_a also_o be_v not_o round_o in_o his_o original_n although_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n second_o second_o which_o be_v round_o galen_n in_o the_o 9_o book_n of_o his_o anatomicall_a administration_n and_o the_o 5._o chapter_n think_v that_o it_o have_v a_o peculiar_a coat_n like_o that_o of_o the_o pia_fw-it mater_fw-la wherewith_o it_o be_v line_v it_o run_v under_o the_o buttock_n table_n 11_o fig._n 7._o mn_a fig._n 8._o nopq_fw-fr table_n 12._o fig._n 19_o defg_v and_o passage_n another_o passage_n the_o testicle_n into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n above_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n out_o of_o the_o low_a and_o forward_o angle_v of_o this_o passage_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v get_v under_o the_o testicle_n there_o issue_v another_o passage_n table_n 11._o fig_n 8._o near_a to_o k_n far_a narrow_a than_o the_o former_a which_o pass_v sly_o forward_o through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n sink_v downward_o and_o determine_v in_o the_o end_n table_n 11._o fig._n 8._o i_o of_o the_o first_o passage_n out_o of_o both_o which_o arise_v a_o orifice_n table_n 15._o figure_n 20._o d_o which_o end_v in_o the_o basin_n and_o lead_v the_o phlegm_n out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n this_o vesalius_n tax_v galen_n for_o pretermit_v in_o the_o place_n next_o above_o name_v galen_n vesalius_n tax_v galen_n now_o whereas_o at_o the_o second_o passage_n there_o appear_v a_o certain_a slitte_v or_o cleave_v columbus_n will_v needs_o liken_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o lap_n or_o privity_n of_o a_o woman_n the_o use_n of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n be_v to_o be_v a_o receptacle_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o also_o be_v by_o ventricle_n the_o use_n of_o the_o 3._o ventricle_n nature_n so_o quaint_o form_v for_o archangelus_n refer_v all_o those_o resemblance_n of_o the_o arch_n the_o buttock_n the_o testicle_n the_o fundament_n the_o woman_n lap_n and_o the_o yard_n unto_o the_o three_o ventricle_n that_o it_o drive_v they_o into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n above_o this_o three_o ventricle_n lie_v the_o fornix_n or_o arch_n call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d because_o in_o form_n and_o use_v it_o resemble_v a_o cross_a
the_o palsy_n in_o the_o sound_n part_v not_o in_o the_o affect_a reason_n another_o reason_n because_o nature_n use_v to_o avoid_v the_o excrementitious_a humour_n by_o the_o wound_n as_o sometime_o by_o a_o flux_n of_o blood_n sometime_o by_o quitture_v sometime_o by_o medicine_n which_o draw_v away_o and_o exhaust_v the_o humour_n either_o sensible_o or_o insensible_o so_o that_o the_o affect_a part_n be_v well_o purge_v by_o some_o or_o more_o of_o these_o mean_n but_o the_o opposite_a part_n which_o be_v not_o expurged_a be_v easy_o affect_v either_o by_o sympathy_n or_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v transmit_v or_o fall_v upon_o it_o some_o think_v that_o almost_o all_o the_o spirit_n do_v flow_v to_o the_o part_n wherein_o the_o tumour_n or_o inflammation_n another_o another_o be_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o opposite_a part_n be_v defraud_v of_o they_o be_v resolve_v qvest._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n what_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n and_o the_o place_n thereof_o we_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v by_o strong_a argument_n that_o to_o motion_n &_o sense_n be_v requite_v not_o only_o a_o influence_n of_o a_o faculty_n but_o also_o of_o a_o corporeal_a spirit_n now_o what_o name_n we_o shall_v give_v this_o spirit_n what_o his_o nature_n be_v what_o be_v the_o manner_n and_o place_n of_o his_o generation_n we_o will_v brief_o declare_v galen_n call_v this_o spirit_n every_o where_fw-mi animalem_fw-la the_o animal_n spirit_n because_o galen_n what_o be_v the_o animal_n spirit_n galen_n the_o soul_n use_v it_o as_o her_o immediate_a organ_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o the_o animal_n function_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o those_o which_o we_o common_o call_v principal_a this_o spirit_n in_o the_o 17._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr vsu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o desine_v to_o be_v a_o exhalation_n of_o pure_a blood_n some_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o live_a brain_n yea_o both_o a_o similar_v and_o a_o organical_a part_n similar_v as_o it_o have_v a_o certain_a and_o design_a temper_n organical_a as_o it_o be_v thin_a lucid_a subtle_a pure_a and_o moovable_a this_o spirit_n some_o have_v think_v do_v not_o differ_v in_o kind_n and_o nature_n from_o the_o vital_a but_o only_o in_o accident_n as_o in_o temperament_n place_n the_o original_a à _fw-fr quo_fw-la and_o the_o manner_n of_o diffusion_n for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v moist_a and_o more_o temperate_a the_o vital_a hot_a the_o animal_n come_v from_o the_o brain_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n the_o animal_n be_v disperse_v through_o the_o nerve_n for_o motion_n and_o sense_n the_o vital_a through_o the_o artery_n to_o maintain_v the_o life_n we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o these_o two_o spirit_n be_v of_o a_o diverse_a form_n and_o kind_a as_o chylification_n be_v diverse_a from_o sanguification_n for_o the_o organ_n be_v diverse_a the_o faculty_n diverse_a diverse_a kind_n the_o vital_a and_o animal_n spirit_n differ_v in_o form_n &_o kind_n be_v the_o manner_n of_o generation_n and_o as_o the_o aliment_n by_o a_o new_a concoction_n receive_v a_o new_a form_n and_o so_o a_o new_a denomination_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o spirit_n galen_n in_o a_o thousand_o place_n distinguish_v this_o animal_n from_o the_o vital_a spirit_n whatsoever_o some_o new_a writer_n say_v to_o the_o contrary_n in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o 12._o book_n of_o his_o method_n the_o animal_n spirit_n say_v he_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n as_o out_o of_o his_o fountain_n the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v not_o evident_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o natural_a spirit_n that_o be_v include_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o the_o vein_n in_o the_o 7._o chap_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affect_n be_v gal._n say_v galen_n diverse_a place_n in_o galen_n the_o epilepsy_n happen_v in_o the_o brain_n when_o the_o humour_n hinder_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o ventricle_n thereof_o that_o it_o can_v have_v issue_n out_o in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la the_o complication_n of_o the_o artery_n do_v nourish_v the_o animal_n spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o brain_n which_o differ_v much_o in_o nature_n from_o other_o spirit_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n the_o spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n be_v indeed_o vital_a and_o so_o be_v also_o call_v that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o brain_n be_v animal_n not_o that_o it_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o because_o it_o be_v the_o soul_n first_fw-mi and_o most_o immediate_a instrument_n the_o same_o also_o he_o write_v in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o the_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hip._n &_o plat._n and_o in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr utilitate_fw-la respirationis_fw-la by_o all_o which_o place_n we_o may_v gather_v that_o galen_n make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o vital_a and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o true_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a spirit_n the_o necessity_n &_o use_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n first_o to_o convey_v unto_o the_o part_n the_o faculty_n of_o motion_n and_o sense_n which_o be_v not_o fix_v in_o they_o and_o again_o that_o we_o may_v be_v more_o apprehensive_a of_o outward_a accident_n for_o see_v that_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n ought_v to_o be_v affect_v on_o the_o sudden_a by_o sensible_a thing_n it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v altogether_o solid_a but_o hove_v and_o fulfil_v with_o spirit_n that_o they_o may_v the_o soon_o be_v alter_v moreover_o these_o spirit_n do_v transfer_v the_o species_n or_o form_n of_o all_o outward_a thing_n perceive_v by_o the_o outward_a sense_n unto_o the_o brain_n as_o unto_o a_o censor_n or_o judge_n the_o same_o spirit_n do_v conceive_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o image_n of_o those_o outward_a thing_n so_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v call_v the_o place_n and_o promptuarie_n of_o the_o species_n or_o form_n so_o in_o the_o vertigo_n or_o giddiness_n neither_o the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o the_o image_n of_o it_o nor_o any_o thing_n beside_o vertigo_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o vertigo_n the_o spirit_n be_v roll_v about_o and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o thing_n seem_v to_o he_o that_o be_v so_o affect_v to_o run_v round_o wherefore_o this_o spirit_n be_v necessary_a both_o for_o motion_n and_o sense_n as_o for_o the_o principal_a faculty_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o their_o function_n the_o brain_n use_v the_o ministry_n and_o help_n of_o this_o spirit_n so_o that_o it_o work_v both_o within_o the_o brain_n and_o without_o the_o brain_n within_o the_o brain_n it_o help_v the_o principal_a faculty_n without_o the_o brain_n it_o confert_v motion_n and_o sense_n now_o it_o be_v not_o only_a abide_n in_o the_o ventricle_n but_o also_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o in_o the_o whole_a marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o that_o in_o the_o pore_n and_o substance_n it_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o principal_a faculty_n in_o the_o ventricle_n it_o serve_v more_o immediate_o for_o sense_n and_o motion_n furthermore_o this_o spirit_n which_o be_v the_o immediate_a organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n and_o of_o the_o manifold_a how_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v manifold_a principal_a faculty_n be_v indeed_o of_o one_o kind_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v esteem_v manifold_a according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o object_n and_o instrument_n where_o about_o it_o be_v employ_v which_o thing_n artsntotle_n elegant_o have_v teach_v we_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la the_o spirit_n say_v he_o in_o natural_a thing_n be_v like_o the_o hammer_n in_o the_o art_n of_o the_o smith_n that_o be_v to_o say_v but_o one_o instrument_n yet_o profitable_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o many_o office_n actuarius_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o though_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o kind_n yet_o they_o become_v unlike_a when_o they_o light_v upon_o different_a colour_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o shall_v manifest_v unto_o you_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n spirit_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o generation_n the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v double_a air_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o the_o nostril_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v convey_v through_o the_o artery_n call_v carotide_n and_o ceruicale_n into_o the_o
the_o animal_n spirit_n generate_v in_o the_o complication_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n see_v the_o artery_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v not_o differ_v in_o kind_n from_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o objection_n objection_n their_o part_n of_o the_o body_n now_o in_o the_o other_o part_v the_o artery_n do_v not_o generate_v animal_n spirit_n answer_n answer_n therefore_o they_o shall_v not_o do_v it_o in_o the_o brain_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n do_v not_o attain_v his_o form_n &_o difference_n in_o the_o complication_n but_o either_o in_o the_o ventricle_n or_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o those_o strait_n and_o narrow_a passage_n it_o be_v only_o prepare_v and_o attain_v a_o kind_n of_o rudiment_n or_o initiation_n by_o irradiation_n from_o the_o brain_n so_o in_o the_o crooked_a ring_n of_o the_o prepare_v vessel_n the_o seed_n have_v a_o delineation_n from_o the_o influce_n of_o the_o testicle_n in_o the_o mesaraick_n the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v by_o a_o virtue_n beam_a from_o the_o liver_n neither_o do_v galen_n ever_o acknowledge_v any_o other_o use_n of_o those_o complication_n than_o the_o attenuation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o animal_n four_o that_o there_o be_v no_o animal_n spirit_n he_o thus_o prove_v if_o in_o the_o brain_n a_o spirit_n be_v contain_v they_o our_o sensation_n &_o cogitation_n shall_v be_v perpetual_a because_o answer_n argenterius_fw-la 4_o argument_n answer_n the_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v ever_o press_v and_o at_o hand_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o soul_n do_v not_o always_o work_v though_o it_o have_v a_o organ_n because_o the_o organ_n be_v often_o hinder_v as_o when_o the_o natural_a hair_n be_v draw_v inward_a for_o example_n in_o sleep_n again_o there_o be_v not_o always_o a_o sufficient_a supply_n of_o animal_n spirit_n and_o thence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o function_n do_v not_o always_o work_v but_o sometime_o rest_v themselves_o as_o in_o the_o night_n in_o which_o time_n the_o spirit_n be_v redintegrate_v and_o refresh_v and_o this_o according_a to_o physician_n be_v the_o only_a final_a cause_n of_o sleep_n or_o rest_n five_o he_o object_v that_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o there_o be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n yet_o it_o can_v descend_v to_o the_o foot_n because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a and_o airy_a nature_n but_o this_o argument_n answer_v the_o five_o answer_v be_v already_o answer_v thus_o that_o all_o the_o spirit_n by_o their_o proper_a motion_n be_v carry_v upward_o and_o outward_a but_o when_o they_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o soul_n they_o be_v diffuse_v and_o disperse_v into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n so_o the_o arm_n be_v natural_o heavy_a be_v often_o time_n depress_v by_o his_o elementary_a form_n yet_o it_o be_v lift_v up_o again_o by_o the_o soul_n for_o our_o natural_a heat_n be_v by_o diffusion_n communicate_v to_o all_o the_o part_n six_o if_o there_o be_v more_o kind_n of_o spirit_n sixth_o the_o sixth_o than_o say_v argenterius_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o they_o must_v be_v mingle_v &_o confound_v which_o confusion_n of_o the_o spirit_n will_v also_o induce_v either_o a_o confusion_n or_o nullity_n of_o the_o action_n but_o let_v we_o grant_v which_o yet_o be_v not_o true_a that_o the_o spirit_n be_v confound_v will_v it_o thence_o follow_v that_o every_o answer_v answer_v spirit_n shall_v not_o perform_v his_o own_o office_n why_o may_v not_o the_o vital_a do_v the_o office_n of_o life_n and_o the_o animal_n supplier_fw-fr sense_n and_o motion_n for_o these_o spirit_n be_v not_o contrary_a that_o in_o the_o permistion_n they_o shall_v abate_v their_o power_n &_o force_v mutual_o seaventh_o he_o say_v that_o seven_o the_o seven_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v dilate_v by_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o artery_n which_o be_v vital_a and_o not_o animal_n on_o the_o contrary_a we_o think_v that_o when_o one_o eye_n be_v close_v up_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o other_o can_v in_o a_o moment_n be_v dilate_v by_o any_o spirit_n proceed_v from_o the_o artery_n because_o the_o artery_n of_o both_o the_o eye_n do_v not_o meet_v and_o unite_v themselves_o as_o do_v the_o optic_a nerve_n but_o there_o be_v a_o great_a distance_n betwixt_o they_o and_o so_o great_a as_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o vital_a spirit_n together_o with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n shall_v so_o instant_o move_v itself_o from_o one_o eye_n to_o another_o eight_o he_o object_v that_o the_o influence_n of_o a_o animal_n spirit_n be_v not_o necessary_a a_o eight_o the_o eight_o quality_n only_o or_o beam_a light_n may_v be_v sufficient_a for_o nothing_o that_o be_v corporeal_a be_v move_v in_o a_o instant_n but_o we_o know_v that_o the_o muscle_n obey_v the_o brain_n according_a as_o our_o will_n command_v they_o for_o we_o be_v able_a in_o the_o twickle_a of_o a_o eye_n to_o move_v our_o utmost_a joint_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o spirit_n which_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o soul_n do_v instant_o accomplish_v answer_v answer_v the_o commandment_n thereof_o and_o be_v ever_o address_v in_o the_o nerve_n and_o as_o it_o be_v spend_v repair_v by_o new_a influence_n and_o succession_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o before_o the_o exhaustion_n or_o expense_n of_o the_o old_a a_o new_a be_v minister_v to_o supply_v the_o room_n which_o lucretius_n in_o a_o elegant_a verse_n have_v thus_o chant_v ergo_fw-la animus_fw-la cum_fw-la seize_v ita_fw-la commovet_fw-la ut_fw-la velitire_fw-la inque_fw-la gredi_fw-la fert_fw-la extemplo_fw-la quae_fw-la incorpore_fw-la toto_fw-la per_fw-la membra_fw-la atque_fw-la artus_fw-la animali_fw-la dissita_fw-la vis_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la facile_fw-la est_fw-la factu_fw-la quoniam_fw-la coniunct_n a_o tenetur_fw-la when_o the_o soul_n list_v herself_o to_o disport_v the_o power_n throughout_o the_o body_n disjoin_v into_o the_o joint_n and_o member_n resort_v for_o the_o soul_n hold_v they_o alwave_v conjoin_v final_o he_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o influent_a spirit_n because_o there_o be_v but_o one_o soul_n conclusion_n argenterius_fw-la conclusion_n one_o influent_a heat_n one_o nourishment_n of_o the_o part_n to_o wit_n the_o blood_n and_o one_o air_n that_o be_v inspire_v these_o be_v argenterius_n dart_n which_o he_o cast_v against_o galen_n which_o how_o light_a they_o be_v and_o little_a savour_v of_o physic_n let_v the_o learned_a judge_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v but_o one_o but_o that_o one_o be_v furnish_v with_o diverse_a faculty_n there_o be_v but_o one_o aliment_n but_o by_o diverse_a concoction_n it_o receyve_v a_o diverse_a form_n and_o that_o one_o according_a unto_o the_o diverse_a substance_n of_o the_o part_n be_v of_o diverse_a sort_n as_o therefore_o there_o be_v three_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n câncluon_n âut_fw-la câncluon_n three_o principle_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n three_o organ_n minister_a unto_o they_o vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n so_o be_v we_o to_o think_v that_o there_o be_v three_o spirit_n distinct_a in_o form_n and_o kind_a otherwise_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v one_o because_o the_o common_a matter_n of_o all_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o there_o be_v other_o weapon_n far_o keen_a than_o these_o of_o argenterius_n wherewith_o we_o may_v affront_v spirit_n other_o reason_n to_o prove_v there_o be_v no_o animal_n spirit_n the_o opinion_n of_o galen_n concern_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o for_o disputation_n sake_n and_o that_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v better_o clear_v we_o will_v thus_o urge_v whatsoever_o spirit_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v to_o be_v account_v vital_a but_o all_o the_o spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o brain_n be_v include_v within_o the_o artery_n neither_o do_v they_o ever_o issue_n out_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v vital_a and_o not_o animal_n the_o minor_a proposition_n or_o assumption_n be_v thus_o confirm_v if_o the_o spirit_n boult_v out_o of_o first_o the_o first_o the_o artery_n than_o be_v they_o convey_v either_o into_o the_o ventricles_n or_o into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o if_o we_o admit_v then_o will_v the_o spirit_n become_v present_o condense_v for_o the_o scald_a vapour_n which_o arise_v into_o the_o brain_n from_o the_o bowel_n boil_v with_o extraordinary_a answer_n the_o answer_n heat_n be_v much_o thin_a than_o the_o spirit_n and_o yet_o be_v instant_o condense_v or_o thicken_v now_o that_o the_o vapour_n be_v thin_a than_o the_o spirit_n may_v be_v prove_v because_o the_o vapour_n exhale_v outward_a the_o spirit_n remain_v within_o to_o this_o argument_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o spirit_n and_o vapour_n be_v diverse_a the_o spirit_n be_v retain_v by_o the_o soul_n because_o they_o be_v familiar_a and_o
which_o no_o man_n in_o his_o right_a wit_n but_o will_v easy_o confess_v or_o let_v he_o but_o prick_v his_o finger_n and_o he_o shall_v see_v it_o avicen_n fen_n prima_fw-la doctrina_fw-la 5._o cap._n primo_fw-la define_v that_o to_o be_v a_o principal_a part_n which_o have_v in_o itself_o the_o original_a or_o beginning_n of_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a faculty_n of_o the_o part_n auicens_fw-la desition_n or_o a_o principal_a part_n body_n or_o wherein_o the_o power_n or_o efficacy_n of_o those_o faculty_n by_o which_o the_o body_n be_v disperse_v or_o govern_v do_v as_o in_o his_o chief_a seat_n especial_o reside_v and_o manifest_v itself_o some_o of_o the_o late_a writer_n have_v define_v a_o principal_a part_n to_o be_v that_o which_o out_o of_o itself_o exhibit_v and_o writer_n a_o definition_n of_o the_o late_a writer_n communicate_v to_o other_o part_n some_o active_a instrument_n as_o for_o instance_n a_o spirit_n so_o that_o which_o of_o all_o these_o definition_n we_o accept_v of_o it_o will_v still_o remain_v that_o there_o be_v three_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n for_o if_o we_o respect_v necessity_n these_o only_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a if_o the_o original_n of_o the_o faculty_n in_o the_o brain_n reside_v and_o shine_v the_o animal_n the_o vital_a in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o natural_a in_o the_o liver_n if_o the_o instrument_n then_o from_o the_o brain_n flow_v the_o animal_n spirit_n by_o the_o sinew_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o artery_n the_o natural_a from_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o vein_n and_o by_o those_o passage_n be_v all_o diffuse_v from_o their_o fountain_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parua_fw-la add_v to_o the_o principal_a part_n a_o four_o to_o wit_n the_o testicle_n not_o in_o respect_n to_o the_o individuum_fw-la or_o particular_a creature_n but_o because_o they_o be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n for_o the_o conservation_n of_o the_o kind_n and_o production_n of_o increase_n for_o the_o testicle_n indeed_o do_v not_o make_v allowance_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o any_o matter_n or_o faculty_n or_o spirit_n but_o only_o of_o a_o quality_n together_o with_o a_o subtle_a and_o thin_a breath_n or_o air_n from_o which_o the_o flesh_n have_v a_o rank_n taste_v of_o the_o seed_n and_o the_o body_n a_o strength_n or_o far_a ability_n in_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o action_n qvest._n four_o which_o of_o all_o the_o principal_a part_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a have_v praemise_v this_o disputation_n concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n it_o remain_v because_o we_o will_v have_v nothing_o want_v which_o may_v give_v satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o desire_v it_o that_o we_o inquire_v which_o of_o all_o the_o principal_a part_n be_v worthy_o to_o be_v prefer_v above_o the_o rest_n galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la prefer_v the_o testicle_n to_o the_o heart_n where_o he_o say_v the_o heart_n be_v indeed_o the_o author_n of_o live_v but_o the_o testicle_n heart_n galen_n prefer_v the_o testicle_n before_o the_o heart_n be_v they_o which_o add_v a_o betterness_n or_o far_a degree_n of_o perfection_n to_o the_o life_n because_o if_o they_o be_v take_v away_o the_o jollity_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v extinguish_v the_o male_n follow_v not_o his_o female_n the_o vein_n lose_v their_o latitude_n and_o become_v sink_v &_o narrow_a the_o pulse_n abate_v of_o his_o strength_n and_o become_v weak_a dull_a and_o languish_v the_o skin_n be_v pile_v and_o bare_a whereupon_o such_o man_n be_v call_v glabriones_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o virility_n galen_n glabriones_fw-la galen_n or_o manhood_n vanish_v away_o galen_n add_v the_o testicle_n be_v another_o fountain_n or_o wellspring_n of_o inbred_a heat_n the_o feu-place_n or_o fire-hearth_n where_o the_o lares_fw-la or_o household-god_n of_o the_o body_n do_v solace_n and_o disport_v themselves_o from_o hence_o the_o whole_a body_n receyve_v power_n wherein_o the_o testicle_n do_v show_v their_o power_n a_o increase_n of_o heat_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v not_o only_a foecundity_n but_o also_o a_o great_a alteration_n of_o the_o temper_n the_o habit_n the_o proper_a substance_n yea_o and_o of_o the_o manner_n themselves_o so_o that_o to_o say_v true_a their_o power_n be_v very_o great_a and_o almost_o incredible_a then_o especial_o know_v when_o it_o be_v want_v as_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o eunuch_n wherefore_o as_o to_o be_v and_o live_v well_o be_v more_o excellent_a then_o simple_o to_o live_v and_o have_v a_o idle_a and_o sluggish_a existence_n so_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o former_a which_o be_v the_o testicle_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o that_o of_o the_o latter_a which_o be_v the_o heart_n a_o probable_a but_o a_o sophistical_a argument_n answer_v galens_n subtle_a argument_n answer_v true_a it_o be_v that_o which_o give_v better_a life_n if_o it_o give_v life_n also_o be_v more_o excellent_a than_o that_o which_o give_v life_n only_o but_o the_o testicle_n do_v not_o give_v life_n at_o all_o the_o creature_n can_v live_v without_o they_o they_o add_v indeed_o a_o perfection_n not_o to_o life_n that_o be_v to_o the_o concreate_v as_o we_o say_v but_o to_o live_n that_o be_v to_o the_o abstract_n so_o do_v the_o eye_n so_o do_v other_o part_n without_o which_o a_o man_n shall_v live_v but_o in_o live_v shall_v be_v miserable_a the_o heart_n therefore_o give_v the_o substance_n the_o testicle_n exhibit_v but_o a_o additament_n which_o may_v be_v away_o albeit_o it_o be_v with_o notable_a detriment_n detriment_n i_o say_v not_o of_o that_o which_o the_o heart_n give_v which_o be_v the_o substance_n but_o of_o that_o which_o themselves_o afford_v which_o be_v a_o complement_n now_o that_o a_o substance_n be_v of_o more_o excellence_n than_o a_o complement_n no_o man_n will_v deny_v the_o heart_n therefore_o be_v more_o noble_a than_o hart_n whether_o the_o brain_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o hart_n the_o testicle_n but_o the_o heart_n have_v a_o great_a concurrent_a in_o this_o plea_n of_o honour_n which_o be_v the_o brain_n the_o peripatetike_n and_o aristotle_n their_o prince_n together_o with_o the_o whole_a family_n almost_o of_o stoic_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o peripatetik_n &_o stoic_n the_o stoic_n especial_o chrysippus_n do_v give_v the_o pre-eminence_n to_o the_o heart_n as_o well_o because_o it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o honour_n as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v a_o live_n and_o abundant_a fountain_n of_o native_a heat_n and_o final_o because_o it_o be_v the_o special_a habitation_n of_o the_o soul_n for_o even_o hypocrates_n himself_o the_o oracle_n of_o physic_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n place_v hypocrates_n hypocrates_n the_o soul_n in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o call_v the_o heart_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d quasi_fw-la ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d for_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d signify_v empire_n or_o rule_n come_v from_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d to_o command_v but_o all_o this_o notwithstanding_o we_o be_v enforce_v to_o yield_v the_o superiority_n to_o the_o brain_n part_n we_o determine_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o prime_n principal_a part_n because_o his_o function_n be_v more_o divine_a and_o more_o noble_a than_o those_o of_o the_o heart_n for_o example_n all_o sense_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n proceed_v from_o it_o the_o habitation_n it_o be_v of_o wisdom_n the_o shrine_n of_o memory_n judgement_n and_o discourse_n which_o be_v the_o prerogative_n of_o man_n above_o all_o other_o creature_n this_o be_v the_o prince_n of_o the_o family_n and_o the_o head_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o tribe_n all_o other_o part_n be_v but_o attendant_n though_o some_o serve_v in_o more_o honourable_a place_n than_o other_o and_o owe_v homage_n unto_o it_o yea_o all_o be_v create_v only_o for_o his_o use_n and_o behoof_n brain_n a_o elegant_a demonstration_n how_o all_o the_o body_n be_v serviceable_a to_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o intelligible_a or_o understand_a faculty_n it_o be_v requisite_a first_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v supply_v with_o phantasm_n or_o representation_n these_o representation_n can_v not_o be_v exhibit_v and_o represent_v to_o the_o understanding_n but_o by_o the_o ministry_n of_o the_o outward_a sense_n for_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o philosophy_n nihil_fw-la est_fw-la in_o intellectu_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la prius_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o sensu_fw-la there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o understanding_n or_o intellect_n which_o be_v not_o first_o in_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o that_o the_o sense_n shall_v be_v create_v for_o the_o intellect_n furthermore_o the_o sense_n can_v not_o have_v be_v perfect_a unless_o the_o
now_o that_o the_o seed_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o blood_n may_v thus_o be_v demonstrate_v hypocrates_n call_v seed_n fiery_a &_o airy_a blood_n cold_a and_o waterish_a beside_o blood_n be_v contain_v in_o a_o trough_n or_o channel_n but_o the_o seed_n pass_v through_o vessel_n which_o have_v no_o sensible_a cavity_n which_o be_v certain_a sign_n of_o the_o tenuity_n and_o heat_n thereof_o but_o this_o reason_n seem_v to_o be_v more_o washy_a and_o loose_a then_o may_v answer_v the_o strength_n and_o vigour_n of_o so_o great_a a_o clark_n wit_n for_o there_o be_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v spirit_n the_o answer_n to_o the_o former_a argument_n two_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v in_o seed_n the_o body_n and_o the_o spirit_n in_o seed_n as_o say_v galen_n in_o many_o place_n the_o crassament_n corpulency_n as_o i_o may_v say_v or_o body_n of_o it_o and_o the_o spirit_n wherewith_o it_o be_v abundant_o store_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o former_a the_o seed_n be_v say_v to_o be_v watery_a and_o earthy_a in_o reference_n to_o the_o spirit_n fiery_a the_o spirit_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n by_o which_o that_o noble_a architect_n form_v her_o mansion_n or_o habitation_n out_o of_o the_o seed_n work_v and_o form_v it_o into_o part_n convenient_a these_o be_v call_v form_v spirit_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o these_o the_o seed_n be_v say_v to_o be_v artifex_fw-la a_o workman_n and_o carry_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o efficient_a cause_n the_o waterish_a and_o cold_a body_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o whole_a seed_n consider_v with_o all_o his_o part_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o blood_n because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o spirit_n but_o if_o the_o seed_n be_v rob_v of_o his_o spirit_n then_o be_v it_o cold_o than_o the_o blood_n and_o therefore_o be_v avoid_v the_o heat_n of_o it_o present_o vanish_v and_o by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o air_n it_o become_v libuid_a and_o black_a and_o such_o do_v galen_n acknowledge_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n to_o be_v this_o first_o argument_n jobertus_fw-la strengthen_v with_o another_o thus_o the_o conformation_n or_o argument_n jobertus_fw-la his_fw-la 2._o argument_n structure_n and_o scite_fw-la or_o position_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n do_v manifest_o prove_v their_o heat_n for_o the_o bone_n occupy_v the_o inmost_a place_n and_o be_v cover_v on_o every_o side_n with_o flesh_n as_o be_v also_o the_o nerve_n lest_o their_o ingenit_fw-la or_o inbredde_a heat_n shall_v vanish_v or_o be_v offend_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n but_o the_o flesh_n be_v place_v about_o the_o utmost_a part_n by_o which_o argument_n answer_n answer_n i_o can_v see_v what_o he_o will_v conclude_v for_o all_o these_o thing_n do_v rather_o argue_v the_o coldness_n than_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n for_o because_o cold_a be_v their_o great_a enemy_n that_o their_o weak_a and_o languish_a heat_n may_v not_o be_v extinguish_v nature_n do_v on_o every_o side_n cherish_v they_o with_o flesh_n and_o invest_v they_o with_o membrane_n for_o their_o defence_n moreover_o the_o bone_n be_v not_o feat_v so_o far_o within_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o heat_n but_o because_o they_o shall_v serve_v as_o a_o stay_n and_o prop_n to_o uphold_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o frame_n but_o if_o he_o will_v conclude_v that_o the_o external_a part_n be_v cold_a than_o the_o internal_a it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o skin_n which_o all_o man_n acknowledge_v to_o be_v temperate_a be_v cold_a than_o either_o nerve_n or_o bone_n his_o three_o argument_n be_v yet_o more_o absurd_a the_o spermaticall_a part_n say_v he_o be_v easy_o offend_v argument_n jobertus_fw-la 3._o argument_n with_o the_o cold_a therefore_o they_o be_v hot_a for_o alteration_n be_v make_v by_o contrary_n conservation_n by_o thing_n that_o be_v alike_o but_o this_o be_v utter_o opposite_a to_o galens_n philosophy_n who_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parita_fw-la give_v this_o as_o a_o general_a rule_n whereby_o we_o may_v distinguish_v the_o temper_n galen_n answer_v galen_n of_o the_o part_n that_o those_o which_o be_v easy_o offend_v with_o cold_a be_v cold_a and_o the_o hot_a with_o heat_n so_o say_v hypocrates_n cold_a be_v the_o great_a enemy_n to_o the_o bone_n nerve_n tooth_n &_o marrow_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n of_o the_o back_n because_o these_o part_n be_v cold_a galen_n have_v these_o express_a word_n in_o the_o 59_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr arte_fw-la parua_fw-la in_o all_o part_n this_o be_v a_o common_a mark_n of_o the_o temperature_n if_o the_o member_n do_v easy_o grow_v cold_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o frigidity_n or_o rarity_n if_o hardly_o of_o heat_n or_o of_o density_n if_o dry_v thing_n offend_v it_o then_o be_v it_o dry_a and_o rashy_a if_o moist_a thing_n than_o it_o be_v moist_a final_o jobert_n add_v this_o last_o argument_n for_o that_o many_o action_n of_o the_o spermatical_a part_n argument_n jobertus_fw-la 4._o argument_n do_v testify_v that_o there_o be_v in_o they_o a_o vehement_a and_o high_a degree_n of_o heat_n so_o the_o stomach_n which_o be_v membranous_a attenuate_v and_o boil_v the_o meat_n though_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a yea_o the_o ostrich_n soften_v iron_n in_o her_o maw_n the_o bladder_n which_o be_v likewise_o membranous_a bake_v the_o stone_n hard_o than_o the_o kidney_n which_o be_v fleshy_a part_n these_o objection_n may_v at_o first_o sight_n seem_v of_o some_o moment_n to_o those_o that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o groundâ_n in_o our_o art_n but_o we_o will_v labour_v to_o show_v their_o weakness_n and_o insufficiency_n first_o therefore_o that_o objection_n concern_v answer_v answer_v the_o stomach_n be_v full_a of_o error_n for_o those_o creature_n in_o who_o the_o innermost_a coat_n or_o membrane_n of_o the_o stomach_n be_v more_o fleshy_a do_v boil_v their_o meat_n more_o strong_o and_o those_o creature_n which_o have_v no_o tooth_n as_o bird_n have_v a_o solid_a flesh_n and_o very_o full_a of_o warmth_n annex_v to_o their_o crop_n and_o as_o for_o man_n the_o inward_a coat_n of_o their_o stomach_n be_v line_v over_o with_o a_o fleshy_a fallopius_n a_o good_a observation_n of_o fallopius_n crust_n which_o fallopius_n first_o of_o all_o man_n observe_v but_o go_v too_o let_v we_o yield_v this_o unto_o he_o that_o the_o membranous_a stomach_n do_v more_o perfect_o boil_v the_o membranous_a bladder_n bake_v the_o stone_n hard_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o thereupon_o follow_v that_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v the_o hot_a but_o that_o the_o heat_n when_o it_o be_v retain_v in_o a_o more_o solid_a and_o fast_a matter_n burn_v more_o powerful_o who_o will_v say_v that_o a_o glow_a iron_n be_v hot_a than_o a_o flame_n of_o fire_n no_o it_o burn_v more_o fierce_o comparison_n comparison_n but_o yet_o the_o degree_n of_o his_o heat_n be_v more_o remiss_a so_o fire_n in_o his_o own_o sphere_n and_o in_o aquavitae_n do_v not_o burn_v because_o of_o the_o tenuity_n and_o thinness_n of_o the_o matter_n for_o the_o stone_n it_o be_v aquavitae_n aquavitae_n not_o generate_v so_o much_o by_o a_o sharp_a and_o bite_a heat_n as_o by_o long_a continuance_n in_o the_o part_n &_o of_o the_o viscidity_n and_o sliminesse_n of_o the_o matter_n as_o we_o see_v in_o old_a man_n hence_o therefore_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n be_v not_o hot_a than_o the_o fleshy_a neither_o must_v we_o admit_v the_o distinction_n of_o ingenit_fw-la and_o influent_a heat_n because_o if_o there_o be_v a_o collation_n or_o comparison_n make_v it_o must_v be_v between_o equal_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o three_o question_n qvest._n x._o whether_o the_o solid_a part_n be_v once_o dry_v can_v be_v make_v moist_a again_o there_o be_v also_o beside_o the_o former_a three_o another_o by-question_n concern_v the_o moisten_a of_o solid_a part_n after_o they_o be_v dry_v for_o the_o open_n whereof_o we_o must_v understand_v that_o the_o name_n of_o a_o solid_a part_n be_v very_o ambiguous_a and_o equinocall_a the_o common_a people_n call_v that_o a_o solid_a part_n which_o be_v firm_a hard_a dense_a hypocrates_n manifold_a acception_n of_o a_o solid_a part_n galen_n hypocrates_n or_o sight_n and_o well_o compact_a or_o knit_v together_o so_o galen_n call_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n solid_a flesh_n hypocrates_n in_o the_o 7._o section_n of_o his_o 6._o book_n epidemiân_o call_v all_o the_o contain_v part_n solid_a and_o thus_o fleshy_a part_n also_o shall_v be_v esteem_v solid_a some_o there_o be_v who_o by_o solid_a understand_v all_o animate_v part_n which_o have_v a_o proper_a circumscription_n and_o be_v bound_v within_o their_o own_o limit_n philosopher_n call_v that_o solid_a which_o be_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d tale_n that_o be_v
wherein_o it_o may_v be_v transport_v because_o it_o distend_v the_o part_n in_o which_o it_o be_v entertain_v and_o occupi_v a_o place_n for_o when_o the_o creature_n be_v dead_a both_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v corrugate_v or_o wrinkle_v and_o the_o membrane_n thereof_o do_v also_o fall_v be_v no_o more_o illustrate_v by_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o body_n but_o the_o fine_a and_o subtle_a substance_n that_o be_v in_o this_o little_a world_n for_o as_o the_o wind_n it_o pass_v &_o wind_n ãâ¦ã_o wind_n repass_v at_o his_o pleasure_n unseen_a but_o not_o unfelt_a for_o the_o force_n and_o incursion_n thereof_o be_v not_o without_o a_o kind_n of_o violence_n so_o the_o seed_n although_o it_o be_v thick_a and_o viscid_a yet_o pass_v through_o vessel_n which_o have_v no_o manifest_a cavity_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v full_a &_o as_o it_o be_v ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o hoven_v with_o spirit_n galen_n in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o natural_a faculty_n say_v that_o blood_n be_v thin_a ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o vapour_n thin_a and_o spirit_n thin_a of_o all_o i_o say_v moreover_o that_o it_o be_v always_o in_o motion_n for_o the_o spirit_n be_v continual_o move_v not_o by_o another_o only_a as_o the_o humour_n which_o whither_o they_o be_v draw_v or_o drive_v be_v always_o motion_n ãâã_d the_o ãâ¦ã_o in_o ãâã_d motion_n move_v by_o a_o power_n without_o themselves_o but_o also_o by_o themselves_o that_o be_v by_o a_o inbred_a principle_n of_o their_o own_o so_o that_o there_o be_v a_o double_a original_n of_o the_o spirit_n motion_n on_o homebred_a another_o but_o a_o stranger_n by_o the_o homebred_a principle_n they_o be_v move_v as_o the_o flame_n upward_o ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o and_o downward_o as_o galen_n teach_v upward_o because_o light_v for_o they_o be_v fiery_a and_o airy_a and_o downward_o toward_o their_o nourishment_n if_o either_o of_o these_o motion_n be_v hinder_v the_o spirit_n be_v corrupt_v and_o that_o by_o consumption_n or_o extinction_n by_o consumption_n for_o want_n of_o ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o nourishment_n when_o it_o can_v move_v downward_o by_o extinction_n from_o his_o contrary_n when_o it_o be_v choke_v by_o cold_a and_o moisture_n because_o it_o can_v move_v upward_o again_o they_o be_v move_v by_o a_o external_a principle_n when_o they_o be_v draw_v hither_o or_o drive_v thither_o they_o be_v ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o drive_v the_o natural_a from_o the_o liver_n the_o vital_a from_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o systole_n the_o animal_n from_o the_o brain_n when_o it_o be_v compress_v they_o be_v draw_v the_o natural_a by_o the_o vein_n the_o vital_a by_o the_o particular_a part_n together_o with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n the_o animal_n very_o rare_o unless_o a_o part_n be_v affect_v either_o with_o pain_n or_o pleasure_n for_o in_o such_o a_o case_n neither_o do_v the_o vehemency_n of_o the_o object_n suffer_v the_o faculty_n to_o rest_v nor_o the_o heat_n cease_v to_o draw_v the_o spirit_n unto_o it_o the_o spirit_n therefore_o have_v a_o body_n mooveable_a it_o follow_v in_o the_o definition_n that_o they_o be_v engender_v of_o blood_n and_o a_o thin_a vapour_n so_o ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o that_o they_o have_v a_o double_a matter_n a_o exhalation_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o air_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o all_o our_o spirit_n be_v cherish_v preserve_v and_o nourish_v by_o air_n and_o blood_n the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n design_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spirit_n as_o be_v the_o last_o and_o final_a ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o cause_n for_o which_o they_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o spirit_n be_v the_o vehicle_n or_o carriage_n not_o of_o the_o soul_n but_o of_o the_o faculty_n thereof_o for_o if_o the_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n or_o nerve_n be_v tie_v ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o the_o life_n motion_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o part_n to_o which_o these_o vessel_n pass_v do_v instant_o abate_v &_o be_v in_o short_a time_n utter_o extinguish_v upon_o the_o interception_n of_o the_o spirit_n not_o of_o the_o faculty_n themselves_o which_o be_v incorporeal_a because_o the_o band_n or_o tie_n do_v neither_o interrupt_v the_o continuity_n of_o the_o vessel_n with_o his_o original_n neither_o yet_o his_o natural_a disposition_n and_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o spirit_n in_o general_n now_o some_o spirit_n be_v ingenit_fw-la or_o inbred_a which_o be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n as_o there_o be_v several_a kind_n and_o fort_n of_o part_n some_o influent_a which_o flow_v as_o it_o be_v from_o diverse_a fountain_n ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o and_o serve_v to_o rouse_v and_o raise_v up_o the_o sleepy_a and_o sluggish_a operation_n of_o the_o former_a concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o influent_a spirit_n physician_n be_v at_o great_a difference_n among_o themselves_o argenterius_n think_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o sort_n of_o spirit_n because_o there_o be_v but_o one_o soul_n and_o that_o have_v but_o one_o organ_n one_o blood_n and_o one_o air_n which_o be_v breathe_v in_o but_o the_o ancient_n far_o more_o acute_o have_v record_v three_o manner_n of_o spirit_n because_o there_o ãâ¦ã_o ãâ¦ã_o be_v three_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o natural_a the_o vital_a and_o the_o animal_n three_o principle_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n and_o three_o kind_n of_o vessel_n vein_n artery_n and_o sinew_n that_o there_o be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n beside_o that_o galen_n inculcate_v it_o in_o sundry_a place_n many_o reason_n do_v evict_v it_o for_o to_o what_o purpose_n else_o be_v the_o brain_n hollow_v or_o bow_v into_o so_o many_o arch_n to_o what_o purpose_n be_v those_o intricate_a maze_n and_o laberynthe_n of_o small_a artery_n which_o in_o the_o brain_n we_o call_v rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la the_o wonderful_a net_n and_o why_o be_v the_o sinew_n propagate_v into_o so_o many_o branch_n but_o of_o this_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o hereafter_o as_o also_o of_o the_o vital_a which_o no_o man_n yet_o ever_o oppose_v and_o of_o which_o the_o poet_n make_v ovid._n ovid._n mention_v call_v it_o a_o divinity_n est_fw-la deus_fw-la in_o nobis_fw-la agitante_fw-la calescimus_fw-la illo_fw-la in_o we_o there_o be_v spirit_n seat_v and_o by_o his_o motion_n we_o be_v heat_v only_o concern_v the_o natural_a spirit_n there_o have_v be_v some_o difference_n many_o labour_a spirit_n that_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a spirit_n to_o blot_v his_o name_n out_o of_o the_o roll_n who_o argument_n we_o will_v here_o scite_fw-la before_o the_o tribunal_n of_o reason_n to_o see_v how_o they_o acquit_v themselves_o first_o they_o say_v that_o the_o natural_a faculty_n need_v reason_n 1._o de_fw-fr loc_fw-fr affict_v 12._o m_v &_o in_o art_n parua_fw-la 1._o reason_n no_o vehicle_n or_o weftage_n because_o it_o be_v inbred_a in_o every_o part_n for_o which_o they_o avouch_v galen_n again_o there_o be_v no_o matter_n whereof_o this_o natural_a spirit_n shall_v be_v make_v because_o there_o be_v no_o vessel_n whereby_o air_n may_v be_v convey_v unto_o the_o liver_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o place_n for_o his_o generation_n there_o be_v no_o such_o cavity_n in_o the_o liver_n as_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o brain_n adhereto_fw-la reason_n 2._o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o current_n or_o channel_n to_o be_v find_v whereby_o it_o shall_v be_v lead_v through_o the_o body_n for_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v too_o thin_a to_o hold_v or_o contain_v a_o aetherial_a spirit_n reason_n 3._o reason_n and_o true_o herophilus_n well_o conceit_v that_o therefore_o the_o artery_n be_v manifold_a six_o fold_n herophilus_n 4._o reason_n herophilus_n say_v he_o thick_a then_o the_o vein_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o contain_v the_o spirit_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenuity_n if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v enclose_v within_o strong_a wall_n will_v easy_o have_v vanish_v away_o moreover_o see_v the_o spirit_n as_o hypocrates_n say_v have_v in_o they_o a_o kind_n of_o nimble_a violence_n reason_n 5._o reason_n hypocrates_n 6._o reason_n and_o impetious_a motion_n if_o they_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o vein_n they_o will_v make_v the_o vein_n to_o beat_v as_o do_v the_o artery_n final_o if_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o spirit_n do_v pass_v and_o repass_v through_o the_o vein_n yet_o with_o what_o nourshment_n shall_v they_o be_v preserve_v for_o heat_n say_v the_o great_a dictator_n hypocrates_n be_v nourish_v by_o moderate_a cold_a now_o there_o be_v no_o air_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n lead_v unto_o the_o vein_n to_o serve_v that_o turn_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o argument_n whereby_o they_o cashier_v this_o natural_a spirit_n which_o first_o answer_v to_o the_o former_a argument_n to_o the_o first_o if_o they_o be_v weigh_v in_o equal_a balance_n will_v be_v find_v too_o light_a to_o sway_v a_o establish_a judgement_n for_o first_o galen_n do_v not_o absolute_o deny_v that_o
there_o be_v a_o natural_a spirit_n only_o he_o cast_v in_o a_o doubt_n as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o by_o as_o also_o he_o do_v concern_v the_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o five_o galen_n galen_n chapter_n of_o the_o 12._o book_n of_o his_o method_n when_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v beyond_o all_o controversy_n that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o artery_n but_o more_o plain_o in_o the_o sixth_o of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n he_o write_v that_o there_o be_v a_o spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o vein_n yet_o be_v there_o but_o few_o of_o they_o and_o those_o dark_a as_o he_o say_v and_o cloudy_a we_o confess_v that_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a faculty_n breed_v and_o cloudy_a the_o natural_a spirit_n but_o cloudy_a seat_v in_o every_o part_n but_o because_o the_o heat_n and_o natural_a spirit_n of_o the_o part_n wherein_o this_o inbredde_a faculty_n do_v consist_v be_v but_o uncertain_a like_o a_o fugitive_n and_o dull_a or_o stupid_a it_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o another_o influent_a yet_o like_a unto_o itself_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v stir_v up_o establish_v and_o from_o a_o potential_a virtue_n bring_v into_o a_o operative_a act_n the_o arabian_n imagine_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v transport_v and_o guide_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n conceit_n the_o arabian_n conceit_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o spirit_n for_o although_o every_o part_n like_o a_o loadstone_n do_v draw_v unto_o itself_o such_o ivyce_n as_o be_v familiar_a unto_o it_o yet_o if_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n be_v too_o great_a neither_o can_v the_o loadstone_n draw_v iron_n nor_o amber_n chaff_n nor_o the_o part_n his_o nourishment_n to_o their_o second_o argument_n that_o there_o want_v nourishment_n both_o for_o the_o generation_n and_o preservation_n of_o this_o spirit_n because_o no_o air_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o liver_n we_o answer_v with_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n to_o the_o second_o hypocrates_n that_o all_o body_n be_v transpirable_a and_o trans-fluxible_a that_o be_v so_o open_a to_o the_o air_n as_o that_o it_o may_v easy_o pass_v and_o repass_v through_o they_o though_o not_o so_o abundant_o as_o it_o do_v by_o the_o windpipe_n of_o which_o abundance_n there_o be_v no_o need_n because_o this_o thick_a and_o cloudy_a spirit_n need_v but_o a_o little_a air_n for_o his_o refection_n which_o be_v supply_v by_o transpiration_n this_o transpiration_n be_v make_v in_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n by_o the_o artery_n in_o the_o round_a or_o gibbous_a although_o there_o be_v no_o artery_n yet_o the_o midriff_n with_o his_o continual_a motion_n as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o fan_n ventilate_v or_o fan_v not_o the_o liver_n only_o but_o all_o the_o entrails_n three_o whereas_o they_o say_v there_o be_v no_o cavity_n no_o cistern_n no_o place_n for_o generation_n of_o such_o a_o spirit_n in_o the_o liver_n it_o be_v true_o a_o very_a bold_a conclusion_n but_o let_v we_o stick_v to_o they_o with_o three_o to_o the_o three_o as_o great_a confidence_n have_v galen_n on_o our_o side_n equivalent_a to_o a_o whole_a army_n of_o such_o inexperienced_a tyrone_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a say_v he_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o cavity_n or_o cell_n in_o the_o liver_n such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n because_o those_o bowel_n only_o which_o be_v either_o to_o receive_v from_o other_o be_v to_o afford_v and_o impart_v together-ward_n and_o at_o once_o a_o plentiful_a and_o abundant_a source_n of_o matter_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o ample_a cavity_n wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v either_o treasure_v &_o store_v when_o it_o be_v receive_v or_o wrought_v and_o frame_v when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v convey_v the_o vital_a spirit_n as_o it_o be_v very_o fine_a and_o thin_a and_o therefore_o quick_o exhaust_v so_o it_o behove_v that_o it_o shall_v as_o sudden_o be_v regenerate_v that_o there_o may_v neither_o want_v plenty_n for_o necessity_n nor_o abundance_n for_o sudden_a expense_n it_o be_v therefore_o necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v have_v a_o large_a cavitie_n or_o cauldron_n wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v boil_a and_o prepare_v for_o use_n as_o we_o see_v nature_n provide_v large_a and_o ample_a vessel_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n because_o of_o their_o continual_a large_a why_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v large_a motion_n which_o require_v a_o supply_n answerable_a to_o the_o expense_n but_o the_o natural_a spirit_n as_o it_o can_v so_o sudden_o spend_v itself_o so_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o abundant_a affluence_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o the_o bed_n or_o web_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v sufficient_a for_o his_o generation_n four_o whereas_o they_o say_v that_o the_o thin_a coat_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o guide_v and_o safe-conduct_n the_o natural_a spirit_n we_o answer_v in_o a_o word_n that_o a_o thick_a &_o gross_a substance_n four_o to_o the_o four_o or_o dull_a prisoner_n be_v easy_o hold_v in_o durance_n to_o the_o five_o argument_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o vein_n be_v therefore_o not_o move_v because_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n be_v not_o derive_v unto_o they_o from_o the_o heart_n for_o we_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o five_o to_o the_o five_o artery_n be_v move_v by_o the_o heat_n and_o spirit_n which_o they_o contain_v but_o only_o by_o a_o vital_a faculty_n stream_v through_o they_o by_o irradiation_n from_o the_o heart_n as_o we_o shall_v prove_v hereafter_o final_o they_o ask_v how_o we_o think_v these_o spirit_n shall_v be_v nourish_v we_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v transpiration_n which_o preserve_v refresh_v and_o maintain_v they_o for_o every_o vein_n have_v last_o to_o the_o last_o his_o artery_n accompany_v he_o continual_o beside_o the_o manifold_a embracement_n and_o inoculation_n whereby_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v wed_v one_o unto_o another_o we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a spirit_n the_o vehicle_n or_o guide_v of_o the_o natural_a faculty_n and_o of_o the_o thick_a sort_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v from_o the_o liver_n diffuse_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n qvest._n xiii_o whether_o the_o bladder_n do_v draw_v the_o choler_n unto_o it_o for_o his_o nourishment_n that_o there_o be_v a_o small_a bladder_n tie_v to_o the_o hollow_a part_n of_o the_o liver_n replenish_v with_o a_o yellow_a bitter_a ivyce_n which_o we_o call_v choler_n or_o gall_n there_o be_v no_o man_n ignorant_a who_o have_v touch_v anatomy_n as_o they_o say_v but_o with_o his_o upper_a lip_n but_o whether_o gall_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n this_o ivyce_n do_v pass_v unto_o the_o bladder_n of_o it_o own_o accord_n or_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n or_o abligate_v and_o send_v by_o the_o liver_n it_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o manifest_a that_o a_o mere_a elementary_a form_n shall_v lead_v it_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o instinct_n or_o natural_a choice_n for_o some_o choyce_n may_v be_v natural_a or_o election_n unto_o that_o place_n i_o think_v few_o man_n of_o reason_n will_v avouch_v more_o likely_a it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v either_o draw_v or_o drive_v galen_n be_v for_o both_o so_o be_v reason_n also_o although_o fallopius_n that_o subtle_a and_o occulate_a anatomist_n contend_v that_o it_o be_v galen_n galen_n only_o drive_v from_o the_o liver_n and_o not_o draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n to_o who_o and_o his_o argument_n falopius_fw-la falopius_fw-la we_o will_v set_v our_o foot_n in_o the_o next_o exercise_n that_o the_o choler_n be_v drive_v from_o the_o liver_n the_o very_a native_a of_o the_o ivyce_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v it_o be_v a_o excrement_n in_o his_o whole_a nature_n and_o quality_n hurtful_a and_o noxious_a to_o the_o liver_n especial_o and_o therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v avoid_v and_o that_o soon_o an_o with_o more_o expedition_n liver_n that_o the_o choler_n be_v drive_v from_o the_o liver_n than_o the_o other_o two_o excrement_n because_o his_o sharp_a provocation_n be_v more_o offensive_a and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o receptacle_n of_o choler_n be_v tie_v or_o fasten_v close_o upon_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o liver_n but_o the_o spleen_n and_o the_o kidney_n which_o receive_v the_o other_o two_o be_v set_v further_o off_o galen_n why_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o liver_n that_o it_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n galen_n again_o that_o this_o choler_n be_v draw_v by_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n galen_n teach_v in_o his_o four_o &_o five_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o beside_o the_o fashion_n and_o conformation_n of_o the_o bladder_n itself_o and_o his_o passage_n do_v abundant_o persuade_v we_o thereunto_o for_o because_o there_o be_v diverse_a choler-conduit_n bend_v rather_o down_o to_o the_o gut_n they_o to_o the_o bladder_n who_o seite_n be_v high_a unless_o the_o bladder_n
&_o in_o art_n parua_fw-la and_o vesalius_n affirm_v that_o he_o vesalius_n galen_n vesalius_n see_v it_o once_o sometime_o this_o channel_n of_o choler_n be_v but_o one_o and_o be_v by_o nature_n frame_v amiss_o be_v insert_v in_o some_o man_n unto_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stomach_n in_o other_o below_o the_o duodenum_fw-la the_o former_a sort_n do_v continual_o vomit_v choler_n the_o latter_a as_o continual_o avoid_v it_o by_o siege_n the_o first_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d choleric_a upward_o the_o other_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d choleric_a acut_fw-la hippolito_n de_fw-fr victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o acut_fw-la downward_o both_o choleric_a say_v galen_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v in_o their_o habit_n and_o conformation_n to_o make_v these_o thing_n more_o plain_a we_o must_v observe_v that_o according_a to_o hypocrates_n and_o habit._fw-la two_o sort_n of_o choleric_a man_n a_o choleric_a temper_n a_o choleric_a habit._fw-la galen_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o choleric_a man_n some_o be_v so_o by_o nature_n some_o by_o event_n or_o accident_n by_o nature_n choleric_a be_v either_o in_o temperament_n or_o in_o habit_n in_o temperament_n those_o be_v choleric_a who_o liver_n be_v hot_a above_o measure_n for_o a_o hot_a liver_n engender_v abundance_n of_o choler_n in_o habit_n those_o be_v call_v choleric_a who_o bladder_n of_o gall_n be_v so_o form_v that_o the_o canell_n or_o passage_n of_o the_o gall_n run_v either_o to_o the_o stomach_n or_o to_o the_o empty_a gut_n and_o yet_o both_o these_o thus_o habitual_o choleric_a may_v in_o their_o temperament_n be_v phlegmatic_a there_o be_v a_o elegant_a history_n in_o galen_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o second_o section_n galen_n a_o story_n out_o of_o galen_n of_o the_o book_n entitle_v de_fw-la victus_fw-la ratione_fw-la in_o morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la concern_v paul_n the_o rhetoritian_n and_o eudemus_n the_o philosopher_n the_o rhetoritian_n be_v altogether_o phlegmatic_a yet_o vex_v with_o continual_a vomit_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n costive_a the_o philosopher_n have_v many_o choleric_a evacuation_n downward_o but_o none_o by_o vomit_n all_o these_o be_v call_v bilious_a or_o choleric_a by_o event_n bilious_a by_o event_n nature_n there_o be_v also_o some_o choleric_a by_o event_n that_o be_v by_o a_o temperament_n acquire_v as_o by_o labour_n watch_n anger_n sharp_a salt_n and_o spice_a meat_n but_o whether_o the_o bladder_n do_v draw_v and_o drive_v the_o choler_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n many_o have_v make_v question_n a_o certain_a new_a writer_n a_o great_a interpreter_n of_o hypocrates_n but_o not_o so_o conceit_n a_o idle_a conceit_n well_o practise_v in_o anatomy_n write_v that_o there_o be_v two_o passage_n insert_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o bladder_n by_o one_o of_o which_o it_o draw_v by_o the_o other_o it_o drive_v forth_o the_o gall_n but_o these_o be_v mere_a imagination_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o bladder_n be_v only_o one_o whereby_o it_o both_o draw_v and_o avoyd_v choler_n though_o at_o several_a time_n yet_o from_o this_o common_a passage_n do_v spring_n truth_n the_o truth_n two_o small_a twig_n the_o one_o diversify_v into_o the_o liver_n by_o which_o it_o draw_v only_o the_o other_o insert_v into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la by_o which_o it_o only_o expel_v and_o this_o galen_n understand_v right_o well_o as_o appeareth_z in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n of_o natural_a faculty_n it_o be_v not_o hard_o say_v he_o to_o conceive_v how_o traction_n and_o expulsion_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o the_o same_o passage_n at_o several_a time_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o gullet_n do_v not_o only_o lead_v meat_n into_o the_o stomach_n but_o also_o in_o vomit_v cast_v it_o out_o by_o the_o same_o way_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o bladder_n of_o gall_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o spleen_n qvest._n xv._o concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o spleen_n against_o the_o slanderous_a calumniation_n of_o galens_n adversary_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n as_o well_o of_o the_o ancient_n as_o modern_a writer_n about_o the_o use_n of_o the_o spleen_n erasistratus_n think_v it_o not_o of_o any_o great_a moment_n aristotle_n aristotle_n erasistratus_n aristotle_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la confess_v it_o to_o be_v necessary_a indeed_o yet_o not_o absolute_o but_o by_o event_n although_o he_o say_v it_o sometime_o draw_v the_o excrement_n from_o the_o stomach_n and_o work_v it_o unto_o his_o nourishment_n both_o these_o opinion_n have_v be_v hiss_v out_o of_o the_o school_n of_o physician_n as_o be_v neither_o establish_v by_o reason_n nor_o agree_v with_o the_o majesty_n wisdom_n and_o policy_n of_o nature_n who_o use_v not_o to_o create_v any_o thing_n in_o the_o frame_n of_o our_o body_n which_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o better_a government_n and_o order_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o same_o alexander_n aphrodisaeus_n sect_n 2._o problem_n and_o aretaeus_n lib_n 1._o de_fw-fr causis_fw-la &_o signis_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr respiratione_n aretaeus_n alexander_n and_o aretaeus_n do_v conclude_v that_o the_o spleen_n be_v the_o organ_n of_o sanguification_n and_o they_o call_v it_o the_o bastard_n liver_n in_o this_o say_v they_o be_v the_o veinall_a blood_n prepare_v and_o concoct_v yet_o do_v their_o reason_n their_o reason_n belief_n rest_n upon_o conjecture_n because_o the_o frame_n and_o structure_n of_o both_o the_o bowel_n be_v alike_o because_o in_o both_o of_o they_o there_o be_v large_a and_o ample_a vessel_n because_o nature_n use_v to_o make_v the_o common_a minister_n or_o serviceable_a part_n of_o the_o body_n either_o double_a or_o if_o but_o single_a then_o that_o one_o be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n as_o the_o heart_n the_o stomach_n the_o womb_n the_o bladder_n the_o mouth_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o nose_n because_o the_o liver_n be_v in_o the_o right_a side_n and_o the_o spleen_n in_o the_o left_a they_o seem_v to_o be_v two_o organ_n ordain_v for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o action_n but_o these_o confute_v confute_v bare_a conjecture_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o make_v a_o party_n that_o shall_v hope_v to_o prevail_v against_o a_o common_a receive_a opinion_n for_o how_o can_v nature_n have_v set_v two_o so_o ample_a bowel_n which_o be_v to_o serve_v the_o whole_a body_n in_o the_o midst_n under_o the_o heart_n and_o how_o again_o shall_v she_o not_o have_v be_v idle_a if_o she_o have_v make_v more_o instrument_n than_o one_o for_o sanguification_n when_o one_o be_v sufficient_a rondeletius_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o spleen_n be_v not_o the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o melancholy_a humour_n opinio_fw-la rondeletius_n his_o opinio_fw-la because_o that_o humour_n remain_v in_o his_o natural_a integrity_n be_v spend_v upon_o the_o bone_n &_o other_o hard_a and_o dry_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o because_o there_o be_v lest_o of_o that_o humour_n in_o we_o there_o be_v no_o part_n reason_n his_o reason_n appoint_v to_o receive_v the_o superfluity_n thereof_o like_v as_o there_o be_v no_o place_n ordain_v to_o receive_v the_o recrement_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v pass_v away_o by_o sweat_n and_o insensible_a transpiration_n bauhin_n run_v a_o middle_a course_n between_o these_o who_o argument_n we_o have_v hear_v before_o in_o the_o history_n &_o may_v receive_v answer_n partly_o by_o himself_o partly_o by_o the_o answer_n to_o other_o vlmus_fw-la a_o physician_n of_o poytiers_n in_o france_n in_o a_o elegant_a and_o witty_a book_n which_o he_o set_v out_o of_o the_o spleen_n have_v devise_v a_o new_a and_o uncouth_a use_n thereof_o that_o be_v that_o opinion_n vlmus_fw-la his_o opinion_n in_o the_o spleen_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v prepare_v he_o mean_v that_o the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n pass_v from_o the_o spleen_n through_o the_o artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o it_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o air_n and_o perfect_v &_o so_o pour_v forth_o through_o the_o artery_n as_o it_o be_v through_o channel_n and_o watercourse_n into_o the_o body_n and_o this_o new_a paradox_n he_o establish_v with_o reason_n which_o carry_v a_o show_n of_o great_a strength_n and_o evidence_n of_o truth_n reason_n his_o reason_n the_o matter_n say_v he_o of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v double_a air_n and_o blood_n and_o both_o these_o stand_n in_o need_n of_o preparation_n and_o attenuation_n the_o air_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n but_o the_o blood_n not_o in_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o galen_n will_v have_v it_o because_o there_o be_v no_o manifest_a passage_n from_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a ventricle_n not_o in_o the_o lung_n as_o columbus_n think_v and_o therefore_o
of_o urine_n we_o interdict_v our_o patient_n drink_v that_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o urine_n shall_v not_o be_v increase_v these_o thing_n true_o prove_v that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o urine_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o drink_n and_o liquid_a meat_n but_o they_o do_v not_o conclude_v necessary_o that_o those_o be_v answer_n answer_n the_o only_a and_o alone_a matter_n of_o it_o for_o the_o infant_n avoyd_v water_n in_o the_o mother_n womb_n by_o the_o vessel_n call_v vrachos_n yet_o it_o drink_v not_o and_o again_o in_o winter_n we_o make_v more_o water_n by_o much_o then_o in_o summer_n and_o yet_o we_o drink_v less_o and_o galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la tell_v a_o tale_n of_o a_o young_a man_n who_o evoyd_v as_o much_o water_n as_o come_v to_o four_o heminâ_n that_o be_v 36._o ounce_n above_o a_o quart_n and_o yet_o in_o three_o whole_a day_n he_o have_v take_v neither_o meat_n nor_o drink_v the_o second_o particle_n be_v when_o it_o be_v as_o it_o shall_v be_v whereby_o hypocrates_n show_v the_o second_o humour_n the_o second_o matter_n of_o the_o urine_n the_o whey_n of_o the_o four_o humour_n matter_n of_o the_o urine_n which_o be_v the_o true_a and_o legitimate_a matter_n thereof_o and_o that_o be_v the_o whey_n of_o the_o four_o humour_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o vein_n and_o therefore_o galen_n define_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o urine_n to_o be_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v the_o whey_n of_o the_o humour_n in_o the_o vein_n as_o for_o lycus_n the_o maccdonian_a he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hearken_v unto_o who_o affirm_v that_o the_o whey_n be_v only_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o kidney_n for_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o so_o small_a body_n as_o the_o kidney_n be_v shall_v beget_v so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o whaey_v humour_n and_o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o galen_n objection_n out_o of_o galen_n galen_n in_o some_o place_n have_v say_v that_o the_o urine_n be_v the_o proper_a excrement_n of_o the_o kidney_n and_o the_o bladder_n we_o will_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v therefore_o call_v proper_a not_o because_o it_o be_v engender_v answer_n answer_n in_o the_o kidney_n but_o because_o it_o be_v draw_v and_o separate_v by_o they_o alone_o the_o last_o particle_n in_o hypocrates_n express_v the_o three_o matter_n of_o the_o urine_n to_o wit_n all_o humour_n body_n the_o three_o matter_n of_o the_o urine_n be_v the_o humour_n of_o the_o body_n and_o body_n which_o be_v melt_v or_o colliquate_v the_o humour_n be_v all_o of_o they_o purge_v by_o the_o urine_n very_o often_o as_o in_o critical_a evacuation_n by_o the_o bladder_n in_o a_o purulent_a perirrhaea_n and_o such_o as_o be_v accompany_v with_o a_o strangury_n or_o the_o symptom_n thereof_o there_o remain_v upon_o record_n concern_v this_o matter_n a_o solemn_a edict_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o second_o section_n of_o his_o first_o galen_n hypocrates_n galen_n book_n epidemiân_n where_o he_o say_v many_o do_v avoid_v urine_n bilious_a watery_a purulent_a fret_a and_o strangurious_a or_o yssue_v by_o drop_n because_o as_o galen_n interprete_v it_o the_o whole_a body_n do_v put_v down_o by_o the_o urine_n great_a abundance_n and_o variety_n of_o evil_a humour_n but_o of_o this_o expurgation_n we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v in_o another_o place_n neither_o be_v the_o humour_n only_o but_o also_o such_o body_n as_o be_v colliquate_v and_o melt_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o urine_n such_o as_o be_v fat_a and_o fleshy_a and_o hence_o come_v those_o fat_a and_o oil_n water_n when_o a_o consume_a ague_n melt_v the_o body_n which_o be_v call_v sign_n of_o colliquation_n whereof_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n speak_v in_o his_o prognostique_n on_o this_o manner_n that_o urine_n be_v ill_o which_o be_v oily_a or_o fat_a when_o it_o be_v make_v now_o by_o oylinesse_n he_o do_v not_o understand_v either_o the_o colour_n or_o consistence_n be_v what_o a_o oily_a urine_n be_v of_o oil_n but_o melt_v or_o colliquated_a grease_n swim_v in_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n concern_v this_o threefold_a matter_n of_o the_o urine_n ludovicus_n duretus_n a_o great_a learned_a man_n of_o duretus_n ludovicus_fw-la duretus_n france_n have_v write_v at_o large_a in_o his_o elegant_a and_o learned_a commentary_n in_o coacas_n praenotiones_fw-la of_o hypocrates_n these_o thing_n therefore_o be_v so_o and_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o urine_n so_o manifold_a we_o conclude_v conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n that_o all_o urine_n be_v not_o draw_v by_o the_o kidney_n but_o that_o only_a which_o be_v natural_o dispose_v to_o wit_n the_o whey_n of_o the_o four_o humour_n contain_v in_o the_o vein_n notwithstanding_o the_o kidney_n be_v not_o therewithal_o nourish_v for_o all_o traction_n be_v not_o for_o nourishment_n the_o loadstone_n draw_v iron_n and_o amber_n chaff_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o nourish_v by_o they_o but_o the_o urine_n which_o have_v for_o his_o matter_n crude_a humour_n or_o any_o other_o which_o be_v free_o &_o abundant_o pour_v forth_o on_o the_o critical_a day_n we_o think_v be_v only_o drive_v and_o not_o draw_v but_o if_o the_o urine_n do_v flow_v from_o the_o colliquation_n or_o liquefaction_n either_o of_o the_o humour_n or_o of_o some_o more_o substantial_a part_n it_o be_v then_o neither_o draw_v by_o the_o kidney_n because_o it_o be_v not_o according_a to_o nature_n neither_o be_v it_o expel_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o vein_n because_o there_o be_v a_o general_a exolution_n or_o weakness_n of_o the_o spirit_n but_o it_o pass_v of_o his_o own_o accord_n through_o most_o patent_n and_o ample_a vessel_n to_o the_o kidney_n because_o those_o place_n be_v most_o accustom_a to_o that_o evacuation_n and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o this_o controversy_n qvest._n xix_o that_o the_o reason_n of_o diverse_a symptom_n which_o follow_v such_o as_o be_v afflict_v with_o the_o stone_n be_v to_o be_v require_v for_o anatomy_n it_o belong_v neither_o to_o this_o place_n nor_o time_n to_o dispute_v about_o the_o cause_n and_o generation_n of_o the_o stone_n we_o rather_o stick_v to_o those_o thing_n that_o concern_v anatomy_n but_o because_o nephritical_a patient_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v trouble_v about_o their_o kidney_n especial_o with_o the_o stone_n have_v diverse_a accident_n whereof_o there_o can_v no_o reason_n be_v give_v but_o only_o from_o anatomy_n i_o have_v not_o think_v it_o amiss_o brief_o to_o lay_v they_o open_v with_o their_o several_a cause_n for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o such_o as_o be_v not_o so_o well_o exercise_v in_o our_o art_n who_o notwithstanding_o may_v desire_v satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n the_o nephritical_a pain_n do_v oftentimes_o imitate_v that_o of_o the_o colic_n so_o that_o by_o the_o similitude_n not_o only_o the_o ignorant_a but_o such_o as_o be_v right_o skilful_a be_v often_o deceive_v notwithstanding_o they_o be_v distinguish_v by_o their_o particular_a symptom_n by_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v avoid_v and_o those_o that_o be_v apply_v the_o most_o grievous_a symptom_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v pain_n which_o in_o the_o colic_n be_v wander_v but_o fix_v in_o the_o stone_n the_o colic_n pain_n ascend_v like_a as_o the_o colic_n gut_n ascend_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o belly_n to_o the_o stomach_n and_o so_o run_v under_o the_o bottom_n thereof_o that_o of_o the_o stone_n descend_v because_o of_o the_o continuity_n of_o the_o vreter_n especial_o if_o the_o stone_n begin_v to_o move_v the_o colic_n pain_n possess_v fix_v paine_n wander_v &_o fix_v all_o the_o low_a belly_n the_o nephritick_n may_v be_v cover_v with_o one_o hand_n the_o colic_n greeve_v the_o region_n of_o the_o hypogastrium_n and_o of_o the_o navel_n the_o stone_n lie_v fore_a in_o the_o loin_n backward_o some_o have_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o arabian_n that_o the_o colic_n pain_n be_v less_o when_o the_o stomach_n arabian_n a_o observation_n out_o of_o the_o arabian_n be_v empty_a but_o the_o other_o than_o be_v exasperate_v and_o again_o when_o the_o stomach_n be_v fill_v the_o colic_n increase_v which_o must_v be_v thus_o understand_v that_o the_o colic_n pain_n ever_o abate_v when_o the_o stomach_n and_o gut_n be_v empty_a but_o the_o nephritick_n not_o always_o because_o the_o stone_n lie_v goad_v in_o the_o same_o place_n yet_o sometime_o after_o meat_n the_o nephritick_n pain_n be_v abate_v because_o if_o the_o stone_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o kidney_n the_o weight_n of_o it_o press_v downward_o and_o thence_o the_o pain_n proceed_v but_o when_o such_o man_n have_v eat_v the_o gut_n which_o support_v and_o suspend_v the_o kidney_n do_v swell_v and_o so_o the_o pain_n be_v mitigate_v there_o be_v also_o some_o nephriticall_a pain_n which_o be_v
as_o well_o for_o the_o establishment_n thereof_o in_o the_o act_n of_o generation_n as_o also_o that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o fit_a to_o meet_v with_o the_o woman_n lap_n and_o yet_o no_o hindrance_n to_o the_o action_n of_o other_o part_n and_o because_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a there_o shall_v figure_n the_o figure_n be_v more_o of_o they_o then_o one_o it_o be_v place_v alone_o in_o the_o midst_n long_o it_o be_v tab_v 4._o fig._n 1_o 2_o round_n but_o not_o exact_o for_o the_o upper_a side_n of_o it_o which_o they_o call_v the_o back_n be_v somewhat_o broad_a and_o end_v in_o a_o dudgeon_n or_o blunt_a point_n the_o length_n and_o thickness_n of_o it_o be_v diverse_a as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o kind_n or_o species_n as_o of_o the_o particular_a creature_n or_o individuum_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o dimension_n the_o dimension_n kind_n it_o be_v of_o such_o a_o length_n and_o magnitude_n as_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o kind_n require_v for_o procreation_n but_o in_o man_n short_a than_o in_o many_o other_o creature_n because_o man_n do_v use_v aduersam_fw-la non_fw-la aver_v same_o venerem_fw-la of_o the_o individuum_fw-la or_o particular_a because_o it_o be_v form_v common_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o member_n vet_z sometime_o it_o be_v large_a in_o a_o little_a man_n because_o galen_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o yard_n galen_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o father_n seed_n of_o which_o it_o be_v frame_v for_o the_o seed_n fall_v from_o every_o part_n of_o a_o man_n body_n and_o carry_v in_o it_o power_n of_o generate_a that_o part_n from_o whence_o it_o fall_v although_o galen_n in_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la towards_o the_o end_n write_v that_o continence_n make_v it_o to_o increase_v at_o least_o in_o thickness_n it_o be_v think_v also_o it_o will_v be_v long_o how_o to_o make_v it_o long_o long_o if_o the_o navill-string_n table_n 4._o fig._n 7._o v_o y_o x_o be_v not_o close_o knit_v by_o the_o midwife_n when_o the_o child_n be_v new_o bear_v and_o that_o because_o of_o a_o ligament_n which_o come_v to_o the_o navel_n from_o the_o bottom_n tab._n 4_o fig._n 7_o x_o of_o the_o bladder_n which_o they_o call_v vrachos_n for_o the_o straight_a that_o be_v tie_v unto_o the_o navel_n the_o more_o the_o bladder_n and_o the_o part_n adjoin_v be_v draw_v upward_o that_o part_n of_o the_o yard_n which_o hang_v out_o of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la be_v cover_v with_o a_o cuticle_n and_o a_o skin_n not_o very_o thick_a which_o be_v lax_n or_o loose_v when_o it_o hang_v but_o in_o erection_n be_v stretch_v equal_a coat_n the_o coat_n to_o his_o length_n and_o knit_v unto_o it_o at_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o glans_fw-la or_o nut_n it_o be_v also_o cover_v with_o a_o fleshy_a membrane_n which_o here_o become_v nervous_a there_o be_v no_o fat_a between_o the_o coat_n lest_o the_o member_n shall_v grow_v by_o that_o mean_n to_o great_a and_o so_o his_o action_n be_v hinder_v or_o to_o soft_a which_o will_v hinder_v erection_n it_o have_v two_o part_n the_o one_o next_o to_o the_o belly_n which_o be_v the_o more_o principal_a and_o hang_v not_o out_o and_o it_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d which_o be_v below_o the_o commissure_n or_o join_v of_o the_o share_n bone_n it_o the_o part_n of_o it_o to_o the_o midst_n of_o which_o it_o be_v fast_o knit_v in_o the_o perinaeum_fw-la that_o be_v the_o space_n between_o the_o cod_n and_o the_o fundament_n with_o strong_a ligament_n and_o muscle_n and_o rise_v upward_o under_o the_o testicle_n appear_v round_o above_o the_o scrotum_fw-la or_o cod_n the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o yard_n be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d and_o hang_v down_o without_o the_o body_n from_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o share-bone_n if_o it_o be_v flaccid_a or_o if_o it_o grow_v strong_a and_o rigid_a it_o be_v raise_v upward_o and_o so_o stand_v common_o so_o far_o from_o the_o body_n as_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v in_o length_n inward_a that_o so_o it_o may_v yield_v seed_n unto_o the_o very_a orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o the_o propagation_n of_o mankind_n the_o structure_n of_o this_o member_n be_v such_o as_o be_v fit_a for_o his_o use_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n bone_n the_o structure_n why_o not_o a_o bone_n it_o be_v not_o bony_a as_o in_o a_o dog_n a_o wolf_n and_o a_o fox_n for_o so_o it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o pleasure_n but_o a_o great_a trouble_n to_o the_o other_o sex_n beside_o be_v always_o rigid_a or_o stiff_a it_o will_v have_v be_v both_o uncomely_a and_o have_v hinder_v many_o action_n and_o posture_n or_o position_n of_o the_o body_n it_o be_v not_o grist_o or_o cartilaginous_a for_o than_o it_o can_v neither_o have_v be_v distend_v for_o a_o gristle_n gristle_n cartilege_n have_v no_o cavitie_n neither_o can_v it_o have_v be_v soft_a and_o pliable_a it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o vein_n for_o than_o it_o can_v not_o so_o soon_o have_v be_v fill_v and_o vein_n vein_n empty_v again_o as_o also_o for_o that_o the_o simple_a coat_n of_o a_o vein_n will_v not_o have_v endure_v any_o strong_a streatch_n it_o be_v not_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o artery_n although_o that_o have_v a_o thick_a and_o hard_a coat_n because_o artery_n artery_n of_o the_o continual_a pulsation_n upon_o which_o a_o man_n can_v lay_v a_o law_n when_o he_o please_v it_o be_v not_o nervous_a because_o nerve_n have_v no_o manifest_a cavitie_n neither_o be_v they_o natural_o nerve_n nerve_n dilate_v beside_o that_o the_o softness_n will_v have_v hinder_v the_o tension_n or_o erection_n it_o be_v not_o a_o ligament_n although_o that_o will_v have_v be_v fit_a for_o tension_n or_o erection_n because_o ligament_n ligament_n than_o it_o shall_v have_v have_v no_o cavity_n and_o be_v beside_o without_o sense_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v capable_a of_o pleasure_n it_o be_v not_o a_o tendon_n because_o they_o have_v no_o cavity_n and_o be_v beside_o soft_a than_o ligament_n tendon_n tendon_n and_o so_o not_o so_o fit_a for_o erection_n much_o less_o can_v it_o well_o be_v make_v of_o flesh_n or_o glandule_n or_o muscle_n or_o membrane_n it_o be_v therefore_o requisite_a that_o some_o other_o peculiar_a substance_n shall_v be_v find_v out_o such_o as_o be_v not_o elsewhere_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n that_o shall_v be_v hard_a and_o hollow_a that_o without_o difficulty_n or_o inconvenience_n may_v successive_o at_o convenient_a time_n according_a to_o the_o presence_n or_o absence_n of_o the_o spirit_n be_v raise_v up_o or_o again_o sink_v or_o settle_v down_o and_o of_o so_o exquisite_a sense_n beside_o to_o breed_v that_o pleasure_n whereby_o man_n be_v provoke_v to_o rush_v into_o so_o obscene_a a_o piece_n of_o business_n of_o such_o sort_n and_o structure_n therefore_o there_o be_v two_o body_n table_n 1_v figure_n 2._o two_o table_n 4._o figure_n 1._o 2._o 3._o 4._o 5._o 7._o 9_o a_o b_o construe_v how_o the_o yard_n be_v construe_v which_o together_o with_o the_o cannell_n or_o passage_n do_v make_v the_o yard_n they_o be_v hard_a nervous_a and_o like_a ligament_n on_o either_o side_n one_o arise_v from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o share-bone_n table_n 4._o figure_n 2._o 3._o c_o c_o where_o it_o be_v thick_a and_o round_o &_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o coxendixe_n or_o haunch_n as_o well_o that_o have_v a_o substance_n partake_v somewhat_o of_o a_o bone_n body_n the_o 2._o body_n the_o yard_n may_v be_v better_o dispose_v to_o rigiditie_n as_o also_o have_v his_o original_n for_o a_o stable_a body_n it_o may_v be_v keep_v stable_n and_o straight_o in_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o action_n to_o which_o it_o be_v by_o nature_n design_v these_o body_n be_v on_o the_o outside_n round_o on_o the_o inside_n plain_a and_o below_o at_o their_o original_n be_v divide_v table_n 4._o figure_n 4._o and_o 5._o â_o e_o the_o two_o body_n and_z o_o the_o canal_n or_o pipe_n that_o they_o may_v yield_v way_n unto_o the_o passage_n which_o come_v from_o the_o bladder_n by_o and_o by_o they_o be_v carry_v upward_o and_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o share-bone_n they_o be_v join_v together_o tab_v 4_o fig._n 4._o 5._o f_o yet_o so_o as_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v distinguish_v by_o a_o white_a line_n run_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o if_o the_o yard_n be_v out_o overthwart_o table_n 4._o figure_n 4._o from_o thence_o they_o be_v return_v downward_o to_o the_o nut_n table_n 4._o figure_n 4._o 7._o 9_o d_o and_o do_v inward_o end_v in_o a_o acute_a angle_n and_o together_o with_o the_o canal_n or_o pipe_n do_v fashion_n out_o the_o length_n of_o the_o yard_n
diwlsion_n sense_n sense_n appetite_n be_v call_v animal_n and_o yet_o the_o motion_n whereby_o the_o greedy_a stomach_n sometime_o snatch_v unchewed_a meat_n even_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n be_v natural_a so_o the_o erection_n of_o this_o member_n because_o it_o be_v with_o sense_n and_o imagination_n be_v say_v to_o be_v animal_n but_o the_o local_a motion_n whereby_o it_o be_v mathematical_o enlarge_v be_v natural_a arise_v from_o the_o inbred_a faculty_n of_o the_o ligament_n such_o be_v also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o womb_n when_o it_o draw_v seed_n and_o of_o the_o heart_n when_o it_o draw_v into_o itself_o air_n and_o blood_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o this_o natural_a motion_n be_v holpen_v by_o the_o animal_n because_o the_o four_o muscle_n before_o mention_v though_o they_o be_v very_o small_a yet_o they_o help_v to_o enlarge_v the_o distension_n and_o do_v also_o for_o a_o time_n keep_v it_o so_o distend_v if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o in_o the_o run_n of_o the_o rein_v call_v the_o venereal_a gonorrhaea_n there_o objection_n objection_n be_v erection_n without_o imagination_n or_o pleasure_n yea_o with_o pain_n i_o answer_v with_o galen_n that_o there_o be_v a_o twofould_a erection_n one_o according_a to_o nature_n another_o unnatural_a the_o first_o be_v from_o solution_n solution_n the_o ingenit_fw-la faculty_n of_o the_o hollow_a ligament_n the_o other_o be_v symptomatical_a the_o first_o with_o pleasure_n the_o other_o without_o it_o yea_o with_o pain_n in_o the_o first_o the_o yard_n be_v first_o distend_v and_o after_o fill_v with_o a_o vaporous_a spirit_n in_o the_o latter_a it_o be_v first_o fill_v then_o after_o distend_v in_o a_o word_n comparison_n comparison_n there_o be_v the_o same_o difference_n between_o these_o two_o distention_n which_o be_v between_o the_o two_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o natural_a motion_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o the_o vital_a faculty_n because_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v it_o be_v fill_v with_o air_n and_o blood_n and_o because_o it_o be_v contract_v it_o be_v empty_v but_o in_o the_o deprave_a palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o heart_n be_v distend_v because_o it_o be_v fill_v so_o smith_n bellows_n because_o they_o be_v dilate_v be_v present_o fill_v with_o air_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o vacuity_n but_o bottle_n be_v distend_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o wine_n or_o water_n wherefore_o the_o natural_a erection_n ever_o follow_v imagination_n and_o have_v pleasure_n accompany_v it_o but_o the_o unnatural_a which_o galen_n call_v priapismus_n be_v altogether_o without_o priapismus_fw-la priapismus_fw-la lust_n or_o appetite_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o be_v a_o plenitude_n of_o thick_a &_o crass_a wind_n prove_v because_o the_o motion_n be_v so_o sudden_a and_o so_o violent_a for_o all_o violent_a and_o sudden_a motion_n be_v of_o wind_n not_o of_o it_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o humour_n as_o galen_n say_v and_o this_o wind_n or_o vapour_n be_v generate_v either_o in_o the_o hollow_a nerve_n and_o ligament_n or_o be_v thither_o bring_v by_o the_o open_a passage_n of_o the_o artery_n but_o of_o what_o sure_o of_o crass_a and_o thick_a humour_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o melancholy_a man_n be_v most_o trouble_v with_o this_o unnatural_a erection_n as_o also_o be_v leper_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_n call_v the_o why_o melancholy_a man_n subject_a to_o it_o and_o why_o leprosy_n satyriasis_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n now_o it_o follow_v concern_v those_o of_o woman_n qvest._n viii_o how_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v differ_v concern_v the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o woman_n it_o be_v a_o great_a and_o notable_a question_n situation_n whether_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v only_o differ_v in_o situation_n whether_o they_o differ_v only_o in_o situation_n from_o those_o of_o man_n for_o the_o ancient_n have_v think_v that_o a_o woman_n may_v become_v a_o man_n but_o not_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n a_o man_n become_v a_o woman_n for_o they_o say_v that_o the_o part_n of_o generation_n in_o women_o hide_v because_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o natural_a heat_n be_v weak_a than_o in_o man_n in_o who_o it_o thrust_v those_o part_n outward_a woman_n have_v spermaticall_a vessel_n aswell_o prepare_v as_o lead_v vessel_n and_o it_o reason_n for_o it_o testicle_n which_o boil_v the_o blood_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o yard_n also_o which_o they_o say_v be_v the_o neck_n of_o the_o womb_n if_o it_o be_v invert_v final_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o womb_n distinguish_v by_o the_o middle_a line_n be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o the_o cod_n or_o scrotum_fw-la this_o galen_n often_o urge_v in_o diverse_a of_o his_o work_n as_o before_o be_v say_v so_o aegineta_n avicen_n rhasis_n and_o all_o of_o the_o greek_a and_o arabian_a family_n author_n author_n with_o who_o all_o anatomist_n do_v consent_n for_o confirmation_n also_o hereof_o there_o be_v many_o story_n current_a among_o ancient_a and_o modern_a writer_n of_o many_o woman_n turn_v into_o man_n some_o of_o which_o we_o will_v not_o here_o think_v much_o to_o remember_v first_o therefore_o we_o read_v that_o at_o rome_n when_o licinius_n crassus_n and_o cassius_n longinus_n be_v consul_n the_o servant_n of_o one_o cassinus_fw-la maid-servant_n example_n cassinus_fw-la maid-servant_n of_o a_o maid_n become_v a_o young_a man_n and_o be_v thereupon_o lead_v aside_o into_o the_o desert_n island_n of_o the_o soothsayer_n mutianus_n licinius_n report_v that_o at_o argos_n in_o greece_n he_o see_v a_o maid_n name_v arescusa_n who_o after_o she_o be_v marry_v become_v a_o man_n and_o have_v a_o beard_n and_o after_o marry_v arescusa_n arescusa_n another_o woman_n by_o who_o she_o have_v issue_n pliny_n also_o write_v that_o he_o see_v in_o africa_n p._n cossitius_fw-la a_o citizen_n of_o tisdetra_n who_o of_o a_o woman_n the_o day_n before_o become_v a_o man_n the_o next_o day_n the_o hyaena_fw-la also_o asleep_o cruel_a and_o subtle_a beast_n hyaena_fw-la cossitius_fw-la the_o hyaena_fw-la do_v every_o other_o year_n change_v her_o sex_n of_o who_o ovid_n in_o the_o xv_o of_o his_o metamorphosis_n say_v et_fw-la quae_fw-la modo_fw-la foemina_fw-la tergo_fw-la passa_fw-la marem_fw-la nunc_fw-la esse_fw-la marem_fw-la miramur_fw-la hyaenam_fw-la the_o same_o hyaena_fw-la which_o we_o see_v admit_v the_o male_a before_o to_o cover_v now_o her_o female_a mate_n we_o can_v but_o wonder_v sore_a pontanus_n have_v the_o same_o of_o iphis_n in_o a_o elegant_a verse_n iphis._n iphis._n vota_fw-la pver_fw-la soluit_fw-la quae_fw-la foemina_fw-la voverat_fw-la iphis._n iphis_n her_o vow_n benempt_v a_o maid_n but_o turn_v boy_n her_o vow_n she_o pay_v of_o late_a time_n volateran_n a_o cardinal_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n alexander_n the_o sixth_o he_o auscis_fw-la a_o story_n of_o volateran_n the_o cardinal_n another_o in_o auscis_fw-la see_v at_o rome_n a_o virgin_n who_o on_o the_o day_n of_o her_o marriage_n have_v sudden_o a_o virile_a member_n grow_v out_o of_o her_o body_n we_o read_v also_o that_o there_o be_v at_o auscis_fw-la in_o vasconia_n a_o man_n of_o above_o sixty_o year_n of_o age_n grey_a strong_a and_o hairy_a who_o have_v be_v before_o a_o woman_n till_o the_o age_n of_o xv_o year_n or_o till_o within_o xv_o year_n of_o threescore_o yet_o at_o length_n by_o accident_n of_o a_o fall_n the_o ligament_n say_v my_o author_n be_v break_v her_o privity_n come_v outward_a and_o she_o change_v her_o sex_n before_o which_o change_n she_o have_v never_o have_v her_o couse_n pontanus_n witness_v that_o a_o fisherman_n emilia_n a_o fisherman_n wench_n of_o caieta_n emilia_n wench_n of_o caieta_n of_o fourteen_o year_n old_a become_v sudden_o a_o young_a springal_n the_o same_o happen_v to_o emilia_n the_o wise_a of_o antony_n spensa_fw-la a_o citizen_n of_o ebula_n when_o she_o have_v be_v twelve_n year_n a_o marry_a woman_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ferdinand_n the_o first_o k._n of_o naples_n carlota_n and_o francisca_n the_o daughter_n of_o ludovike_a phaetusa_n carlota_n and_o francisca_n amatus_fw-la lusitinus_n his_o story_n hypocrates_n his_o phaetusa_n quarna_n of_o salernum_n when_o they_o be_v 15._o year_n old_a change_v their_o sex_n amatus_fw-la lusitanus_n testify_v in_o his_o century_n that_o he_o see_v the_o same_o at_o conibrica_n a_o famous_a town_n of_o portugal_n there_o stand_v upon_o record_n in_o the_o eight_o section_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n of_o hypocrates_n his_o epidemia_n a_o elegant_a history_n of_o one_o phaetusa_n who_o when_o her_o husband_n be_v banish_v be_v so_o overgrow_v with_o sorrow_n that_o before_o her_o time_n her_o course_n utter_o stop_v and_o her_o body_n become_v manlike_a &_o hairy_a all_o over_o and_o she_o have_v a_o beard_n and_o her_o voice_n grow_v strong_a the_o same_o also_o
mankind_n some_o there_o be_v that_o call_v a_o woman_n animal_n occasionatum_fw-la or_o accessorium_fw-la barbarous_a word_n to_o express_v a_o barbarous_a conceit_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v say_v a_o conceit_n a_o barbarous_a conceit_n creature_n by_o the_o way_n or_o make_v by_o mischance_n yea_o some_o have_v grow_v to_o that_o impudency_n that_o they_o have_v deny_v a_o woman_n to_o have_v a_o soul_n as_o man_n have_v the_o truth_n be_v that_o as_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o woman_n be_v the_o same_o divine_a nature_n with_o a_o man_n so_o be_v her_o body_n a_o necessary_a be_v a_o first_o and_o not_o a_o second_o intention_n of_o nature_n her_o proper_a and_o absolute_a work_n not_o her_o error_n or_o prevarication_n the_o difference_n be_v by_o the_o ancient_n in_o few_o word_n elegant_o set_v down_o when_o they_o define_v a_o man_n to_o be_v a_o creature_n beget_v in_o another_o a_o woman_n a_o creature_n beget_v in_o herself_o the_o second_o thing_n require_v to_o perfect_a generation_n be_v the_o mutual_a embracement_n of_o these_o copulation_n 2._o copulation_n two_o sex_n which_o be_v call_v coitus_fw-la or_o coition_n that_o be_v go_v together_o a_o principle_n of_o nature_n whereof_o nothing_o but_o sin_n make_v we_o ashamed_a neither_o be_v these_o embracement_n sufficient_a unless_o from_o either_o sex_n there_o proccede_v a_o three_o thing_n by_o which_o be_v out_o of_o which_o a_o new_a man_n may_v be_v generate_v the_o effusion_n therefore_o of_o seed_n which_o be_v indeed_o the_o immediate_a seed_n 3._o emission_n of_o seed_n principle_n of_o generation_n be_v altogether_o necessary_a otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o a_o generation_n but_o a_o new_a creation_n these_o three_o thing_n therefore_o must_v concur_v to_o a_o perfect_a generation_n a_o distinction_n of_o sex_n their_o copulation_n and_o a_o emission_n of_o seed_n from_o they_o both_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o generation_n seed_n &_o the_o mother_n blood_n whatsoever_o be_v generate_v say_v the_o philosopher_n be_v beget_v out_o of_o somewhat_o and_o from_o somewhat_o else_o be_v it_o as_o we_o say_v a_o new_a creation_n no_o generation_n wherefore_o generation_n two_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o ancient_n have_v resolve_v that_o two_o principle_n must_v concur_v to_o generation_n seed_n &_o the_o mother_n blood_n the_o seed_n be_v the_o principle_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v the_o efficient_a or_o workman_n which_o form_v the_o creature_n and_o ex_fw-la quo_fw-la that_o be_v the_o matter_n whereof_o the_o spermatical_a part_n be_v generate_v the_o blood_n have_v only_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o matter_n and_o passive_a principle_n we_o therefore_o use_v the_o school_n word_n because_o they_o most_o emphatical_o express_v the_o thing_n for_o out_o of_o this_o blood_n the_o fleshy_a part_n be_v generate_v and_o both_o the_o spermaticall_a and_o the_o fleshy_a be_v nourish_v the_o nature_n of_o both_o these_o principle_n be_v very_o obscure_a which_o we_o will_v endeavour_n to_o make_v plain_a on_o this_o manner_n the_o seed_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d in_o latin_a seman_n genitura_fw-la between_o which_o aristotle_n put_v a_o nice_a difference_n but_o hypocrates_n take_v they_o promiscuous_o for_o the_o same_o and_o so_o we_o will_v call_v it_o seed_n and_o geniture_n which_o we_o define_v a_o body_n moist_a hot_a frothy_a and_o white_a consist_v of_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o last_o and_o perfect_a nourishment_n and_o the_o spirit_n mingle_v therewith_o labour_v and_o boil_a by_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o testicle_n and_o so_o make_v fit_a for_o the_o perfect_a generation_n of_o a_o live_a creature_n seed_n a_o perfect_a definition_n of_o seed_n this_o definition_n do_v full_o and_o sufficient_o express_v all_o the_o cause_n the_o formal_a the_o material_a the_o efficient_a and_o the_o final_a the_o humidity_n heat_n frothinesse_n and_o whiteness_n do_v make_v the_o form_n the_o seed_n be_v moist_a error_n the_o formal_a cause_n ctesias_n his_o error_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d &_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v in_o power_n and_o consistence_n and_o therefore_o ctesias_n physician_n to_o king_n artâxerxis_n be_v deceive_v who_o think_v that_o the_o seed_n of_o a_o elephant_n be_v so_o dry_a that_o it_o will_v become_v like_a unto_o amber_n but_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o shall_v be_v moist_a as_o well_o that_o it_o may_v be_v mould_v by_o the_o efficient_a as_o also_o because_o it_o must_v contain_v the_o idea_n or_o specifical_a form_n of_o all_o the_o moist_a how_o moist_a particle_n hot_a it_o be_v that_o it_o may_v produce_v those_o form_n for_o cold_a enter_v not_o into_o generation_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o accident_n it_o be_v frothy_a by_o the_o permixtion_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o by_o their_o motion_n frothy_a why_o hot_a why_o frothy_a whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o poet_n call_v venus_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d as_o if_o she_o be_v make_v of_o the_o froth_n or_o foam_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o seed_n when_o it_o be_v avoid_v soon_o lose_v his_o magnitude_n because_o the_o spirit_n which_o hove_v it_o up_o do_v vanish_v whereas_o phlegm_n and_o other_o mucous_a matter_n keep_v their_o bulk_n because_o they_o have_v little_a spirit_n in_o they_o it_o be_v white_a because_o it_o be_v boil_a in_o the_o testicle_n and_o the_o spermaticall_a vessel_n who_o inward_a superficies_n be_v white_a as_o also_o because_o it_o contain_v in_o it_o much_o air_n and_o spirit_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v but_o a_o vain_a thing_n which_o herodotus_n report_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o negro_n or_o blacke-moore_n that_o it_o be_v black_a the_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v double_a the_o overplus_n of_o the_o last_o nourishment_n and_o spirit_n that_o blood_n the_o material_a cause_n double_a blood_n overplus_n be_v blood_n not_o alter_v and_o whitned_a in_o the_o solid_a part_n as_o the_o ancient_n imagine_v but_o red_a pure_a and_o sincere_a derive_v to_o the_o testicle_n and_o the_o prepare_v vessel_n from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n through_o the_o spermaticall_a vein_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o man_n who_o consanguinei_fw-la soranus_n why_o kinsman_n be_v call_v consanguinei_fw-la be_v very_o immoderate_a in_o the_o use_n of_o venus_n avoid_v sometime_o bloody_a seed_n yea_o now_o and_o then_o pure_a blood_n of_o this_o mind_n also_o be_v soranus_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v he_o that_o the_o ancient_n call_v those_o that_o be_v of_o a_o kindred_n consanguineos_fw-la i._o of_o the_o same_o blood_n because_o the_o seed_n be_v make_v of_o blood_n which_o phrase_n we_o also_o at_o this_o day_n retain_v the_o other_o matter_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v that_o which_o make_v it_o fruitful_a to_o wit_n those_o spirit_n which_o wander_v about_o the_o body_n these_o spirit_n and_o spirit_n potential_o contain_v the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n for_o they_o be_v airy_a and_o moist_a easy_o take_v any_o impression_n and_o pass_v through_o the_o spermaticall_a artery_n to_o the_o mazey_a vessel_n of_o the_o parastatae_n and_o the_o testicle_n there_o they_o be_v exquisite_o mingl_v with_o the_o blood_n and_o of_o two_o be_v make_v one_o body_n like_v as_o of_o that_o admirable_a complication_n of_o the_o spermaticall_a vein_n and_o artery_n be_v make_v one_o vessel_n this_o double_a matter_n of_o the_o seed_n hypocrates_n express_v by_o the_o name_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n watery_a hypocrates_n how_o seed_n be_v fiery_a how_o watery_a for_o so_o he_o say_v sometime_o that_o the_o seed_n be_v fire_n sometime_o he_o call_v it_o water_n it_o be_v fiery_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o spirit_n which_o have_v in_o they_o a_o impetuous_a violence_n or_o nimble_a agility_n whence_o also_o it_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d semen_fw-mi turgens_fw-la swell_v seed_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o corpulency_n or_o bulk_n thereof_o it_o be_v call_v aqueum_fw-la watery_a both_o these_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la in_o one_o sentence_n legant_o express_v where_o he_o say_v the_o soul_n creep_v into_o man_n be_v make_v of_o a_o mixture_n of_o fire_n and_o water_n by_o the_o soul_n he_o mean_v the_o seed_n which_o explain_v a_o hard_a place_n of_o hypocrates_n explain_v therefore_o in_o other_o place_n he_o call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v animate_v by_o fire_n he_o mean_v the_o spirit_n and_o the_o inbred_a heat_n which_o be_v common_o call_v innatum_fw-la calidum_fw-la by_o water_n he_o mean_v the_o alimentary_a moisture_n which_o be_v blood_n the_o fire_n say_v he_o move_v all_o thing_n through_o and_o through_o the_o water_n nourish_v all_o thing_n through_o and_o through_o in_o respect_n therefore_o of_o this_o double_a matter_n the_o seed_n carry_v the_o nature_n of_o both_o the_o principle_n of_o
yield_v seed_n the_o man_n leap_v with_o great_a violence_n the_o woman_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n do_v not_o only_o eiaculate_a seed_n into_o herself_o but_o also_o her_o womb_n snatch_v as_o it_o be_v and_o catch_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o man_n and_o hide_v it_o in_o the_o bottom_n and_o bosom_n thereof_o these_o seed_n thus_o cast_v and_o draw_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v out_o of_o hand_n exquisite_o mingle_v otherwise_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr naturapuert_n they_o be_v neither_o nourish_v nor_o animate_v together_o and_o if_o any_o man_n say_v he_o in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr diaeta_fw-la do_v deny_v that_o the_o soul_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o soul_n let_v he_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o dotard_n now_o by_o the_o soul_n he_o mean_v the_o seed_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o this_o mingle_n of_o the_o seed_n be_v the_o first_o work_n or_o endeavour_n of_o nature_n in_o generation_n and_o present_o after_o the_o seed_n be_v thus_o mingle_v the_o be_v conception_n what_o it_o be_v womb_n which_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o almost_o divine_a nurse_n gather_v &_o contract_v itself_o and_o that_o i_o may_v use_v the_o word_n of_o the_o arabian_n be_v so_o corrugate_v that_o there_o be_v no_o empty_a or_o void_a place_n leave_v therein_o and_o this_o it_o do_v as_o be_v greedy_a to_o contain_v and_o to_o cherish_v we_o say_v to_o conceive_v the_o seed_n moreover_o lest_o the_o geniture_n thus_o lay_v up_o shall_v issue_v forth_o again_o the_o mouth_n or_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v so_o exquisite_o shut_v and_o lock_v up_o that_o it_o will_v not_o admit_v the_o point_n of_o a_o needle_n then_o the_o womb_n rouse_v and_o raise_v up_o the_o sleepy_a and_o lurk_a power_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o that_o which_o be_v before_o but_o potential_a it_o bring_v into_o act_n this_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n we_o proper_o call_v conception_n the_o grecian_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d or_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d and_o it_o be_v a_o virification_n womb_n a_o action_n of_o the_o womb_n of_o fruitful_a seed_n to_o make_v a_o creature_n depend_v upon_o a_o propriety_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o womb_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr principijs_fw-la and_o the_o five_o aphoris_n have_v leave_v unto_o we_o some_o sign_n conception_n the_o sign_n of_o conception_n of_o conception_n some_o also_o do_v gather_v sign_n of_o conception_n out_o of_o all_o the_o part_n almost_o of_o the_o body_n we_o think_v a_o woman_n have_v conceive_v if_o in_o the_o confluence_n of_o their_o seed_n there_o run_v a_o chillness_n or_o light_a horror_n through_o her_o whole_a body_n or_o if_o she_o perceive_v her_o womb_n to_o contract_v itself_o if_o she_o receive_v the_o seed_n of_o man_n with_o delight_n and_o it_o issue_n not_o from_o she_o again_o if_o the_o inner_a mouth_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v exquisite_o and_o perfect_o snut_n if_o she_o have_v a_o light_n and_o wander_a pain_n about_o her_o navel_n or_o hypogastrium_n which_o we_o call_v the_o water_n course_n if_o her_o monthly_a course_n do_v stop_v unusual_o if_o her_o pap_n grow_v hard_a do_v swell_v and_o have_v pain_n in_o they_o if_o she_o be_v not_o so_o fit_a for_o or_o desirous_a of_o venus_n combat_n if_o she_o sudden_o grow_v merry_a and_o as_o sudden_o again_o sad_a beyond_o her_o accustom_a manner_n final_o if_o she_o have_v a_o loathe_n of_o her_o meat_n and_o use_v to_o cast_v in_o the_o morning_n after_o her_o body_n be_v a_o little_a stir_v but_o whether_o a_o woman-child_n of_o a_o man_n and_o of_o a_o woman-child_n woman_n be_v conceive_v with_o a_o man_n or_o a_o woman_n child_n it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o judge_v notwithstanding_o we_o may_v thus_o make_v conjecture_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o 48._o aphorism_n of_o the_o 5._o section_n she_o that_o go_v with_o a_o manchilde_n be_v well_o colour_a she_o that_o go_v with_o a_o woman_n child_n be_v swart_a or_o pale_a colour_a again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n male_a child_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o right_a side_n female_n in_o the_o left_a &_o in_o the_o 38_o aphorism_n of_o the_o same_o section_n if_o she_o have_v conceive_v a_o male_a the_o right_a pap_n will_v swell_v if_o a_o female_a the_o left_a but_o all_o these_o sign_n be_v rather_o conjectural_a then_o carry_v any_o certainty_n with_o they_o chap._n v._o of_o the_o conformation_n of_o the_o part_n the_o generative_a faculty_n which_o before_o lay_v steep_v drowsy_a and_o as_o it_o be_v intercept_v in_o the_o seed_n be_v now_o raise_v up_o by_o the_o heat_n and_o inbred_a propriety_n of_o the_o womb_n break_v out_o into_o act_n as_o rake_v cinder_n into_o a_o luculent_a flame_n then_o that_o noble_a and_o divine_a builder_n set_v upon_o her_o work_n &_o build_v herself_o a_o habitation_n fit_a for_o the_o exercise_n and_o performance_n of_o all_o her_o function_n workman_n the_o spirit_n be_v the_o workman_n but_o because_o she_o can_v not_o perform_v this_o so_o great_a a_o work_n without_o a_o organ_n or_o instrument_n she_o use_v the_o spirit_n wherewith_o the_o frothy_a seed_n swell_v as_o her_o painter_n or_o drawer_n to_o score_n out_o and_o delineate_v all_o the_o particular_a part_n this_o spirit_n walk_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o diffuse_v itself_o into_o every_o part_n and_o portion_n thereof_o this_o spirit_n be_v he_o which_o make_v the_o part_n homogenie_n that_o be_v gather_v all_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o kind_n together_o extend_v they_o and_o as_o a_o glass_n maker_n hollow_v or_o bore_v they_o by_o blow_v into_o they_o to_o this_o spirit_n aristotle_n impute_v the_o ordination_n the_o segregation_n the_o concretion_n the_o aristotle_n aristotle_n densation_n rarefaction_n and_o contraction_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o part_n this_o galen_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la call_v the_o frame_n artisan_n the_o begetter_n or_o the_o former_a of_o the_o part_n of_o man_n and_o mercurius_n trismegistus_n say_v well_o that_o it_o be_v the_o spirit_n which_o vivifi_v or_o trismegist_n mer._n trismegist_n quicken_v every_o form_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n dispense_n and_o govern_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o proper_a worth_n of_o each_o particular_a the_o spirit_n therefore_o be_v the_o first_o and_o immediate_a instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n disport_v itself_o in_o the_o bulk_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o like_o a_o cunning_a painter_n shadow_a out_o first_o with_o a_o rude_a pencil_n the_o conformation_n of_o all_o part_n both_o similar_v and_o organical_a the_o form_n and_o idea_n whereof_o it_o contain_v in_o itself_o afterward_o it_o add_v the_o lively_a colour_n beautify_v and_o pollish_v every_o one_o in_o their_o due_a order_n this_o whole_a work_n of_o conformation_n that_o admirable_a hypocrates_n as_o galen_n witness_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr semine_fw-la distinguish_v into_o four_o time_n the_o first_o time_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o time_n the_o conformation_n divide_v into_o four_o time_n seed_n mingle_v do_v yet_o retain_v their_o own_o form_n which_o he_o call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d for_o then_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v see_v but_o the_o seed_n coagulate_v or_o sam_v together_o and_o cover_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o fiâme_n the_o second_o time_n he_o call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d wherein_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a rude_a adumbration_n of_o the_o part_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o fleshy_a mass_n the_o three_o wherein_o a_o man_n may_v see_v the_o representation_n of_o the_o three_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n together_o with_o the_o first_o thread_n and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o warp_n of_o all_o the_o spermaticall_a part_n and_o this_o constitution_n of_o the_o creature_n he_o call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o four_o and_o last_o time_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o persect_n separation_n discretion_n and_o description_n of_o all_o the_o part_n and_o then_o he_o call_v it_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o child_n or_o the_o infant_n this_o sure_o be_v a_o excellent_a distribution_n but_o for_o those_o that_o be_v rude_a such_o as_o we_o intend_v to_o inform_v a_o great_a deal_n too_o dark_a and_o obscure_a we_o will_v therefore_o endeavour_n ourselves_o more_o manifest_o to_o show_v unto_o you_o the_o whole_a process_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o conformation_n of_o a_o man_n and_o in_o what_o order_n all_o the_o part_n be_v at_o first_o orderly_o delineate_v whilst_o the_o spirit_n the_o instrument_n of_o the_o soul_n begin_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o mass_n of_o seed_n which_o to_o see_v to_o be_v uniform_a but_o indeed_o full_a of_o heterogeny_n or_o different_a part_n first_o of_o all_o it_o sever_v the_o part_n which_o be_v unlike_o one_o
descend_v from_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o same_o iliacke_a branch_n which_o thing_n albeit_o we_o confess_v it_o sometime_o happen_v in_o critical_a evacuation_n and_o notable_a endeavour_n of_o nature_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v perpetual_a we_o can_v be_v persuade_v let_v we_o then_o wipe_v away_o this_o mist_n from_o our_o eye_n and_o let_v we_o believe_v that_o the_o two_o umbilicall_a artery_n be_v make_v for_o the_o use_v not_o of_o the_o lung_n alone_o but_o also_o for_o the_o whole_a body_n now_o let_v we_o come_v unto_o the_o use_n of_o the_o other_o inoculation_n petreus_n conceit_n be_v that_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v perforate_v into_o the_o venal_a artery_n that_o the_o impugn_a his_o use_n of_o the_o other_o in_o oculation_n impugn_a blood_n may_v be_v pour_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n neither_o do_v he_o acknowledge_v any_o other_o use_v thereof_o but_o we_o with_o galen_n think_v that_o it_o be_v form_v for_o the_o generation_n and_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o new_a generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n make_v of_o the_o blood_n which_o be_v convey_v in_o the_o hollow_v vein_n as_o petreus_n will_v have_v it_o then_o what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o that_o hole_n or_o perforation_n do_v not_o the_o hollow_a vein_n gape_v into_o the_o heart_n with_o a_o wide_a mouth_n to_o pour_v abundance_n of_o blood_n into_o his_o right_a ventricle_n why_o be_v not_o the_o blood_n there_o boil_v &_o attenuate_v and_o after_o sweat_v through_o the_o partition_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o there_o receive_v the_o stamp_n or_o impression_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o blood_n so_o attenuate_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n will_v be_v pure_a and_o more_o defaecate_v then_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v transfuse_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n by_o that_o anastomosis_n there_o will_v have_v therefore_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o vital_a spirit_n but_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n there_o be_v absolute_a necessity_n thereof_o again_o it_o be_v a_o axiom_n in_o physic_n and_o philosophy_n which_o galen_n often_o beat_v upon_o that_o there_o be_v never_o make_v any_o perfect_a elaboration_n unless_o a_o preparation_n go_v before_o so_o the_o reason_n 2._o reason_n animal_n spirit_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o web_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o seed_n be_v delineate_v in_o the_o writhen_a complication_n of_o the_o seed_n vessel_n the_o blood_n attain_v a_o rudiment_n in_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesentery_n and_o the_o preparation_n to_o the_o three_o concoction_n be_v make_v in_o the_o small_a vein_n of_o each_o particle_n but_o if_o according_a to_o petreus_n hypothesis_n the_o blood_n shall_v be_v transfuse_v from_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o the_o venal_a artery_n which_o touch_v it_o and_o from_o that_o into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o i_o pray_v you_o shall_v that_o blood_n be_v prepare_v or_o attenuate_v if_o that_o new_a conceit_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o infant_n be_v to_o be_v admit_v at_o all_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a to_o say_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v pour_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n and_o there_o prepare_v because_o the_o membrane_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o ingate_n hereof_o and_o beside_o the_o partition_n be_v bore_v with_o so_o many_o passage_n to_o convey_v it_o into_o the_o left_a for_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o learned_a man_n that_o the_o right_a ventricle_n be_v ordain_v for_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n moreover_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v a_o double_a matter_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n aer_fw-la and_o blood_n now_o petreus_n do_v not_o think_v that_o aer_fw-la be_v carry_v into_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o infant_n in_o the_o reason_n 3._o reason_n womb_n do_v not_o respire_v how_o then_o shall_v that_o vital_a spirit_n be_v generate_v and_o preserve_v out_o of_o doubt_n it_o will_v decay_v and_o be_v extinguish_v be_v defraud_v of_o convenient_a aliment_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la say_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v hot_a be_v nourish_v with_o that_o which_o be_v moderate_o cold_a indeed_o transpiration_n be_v sufficient_a to_o preserve_v a_o little_a heat_n but_o for_o the_o perpetual_a generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n in_o bloody_a creature_n there_o be_v require_v great_a abundance_n of_o aer_fw-la which_o only_o can_v be_v supply_v by_o respiration_n but_o let_v we_o pursue_v these_o detractor_n a_o little_a far_o if_o we_o shall_v admit_v this_o new_a and_o only_o use_v of_o the_o hole_n or_o inoculation_n that_o be_v that_o all_o the_o blood_n shall_v be_v convey_v from_o the_o hollow_a vein_n through_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a reason_n 4._o reason_n ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n with_o what_o blood_n shall_v then_o the_o lung_n be_v nourish_v open_v the_o way_n show_v i_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o now_o all_o the_o venal_a artery_n be_v take_v up_o forsooth_o to_o lead_v blood_n unto_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o arterial_a vein_n only_o lead_v vital_a spirit_n and_o arterial_a blood_n which_o it_o receyve_v from_o the_o great_a artery_n by_o the_o canale_n or_o arterial_a pipe_n shall_v the_o lung_n be_v without_o aliment_n he_o will_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v nourish_v with_o arterial_a blood_n which_o come_v from_o the_o mother_n and_o that_o for_o that_o purpose_n the_o two_o umbilicall_a artery_n be_v ordain_v but_o have_v he_o forget_v that_o all_o part_n want_v two_o sort_n of_o blood_n one_o venall_n another_o arterial_a the_o venal_a blood_n by_o true_a assimulation_n turn_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n the_o arterial_a be_v appoint_v to_o conserve_v refresh_v and_o cherish_v the_o natural_a heat_n of_o the_o particular_a part_n which_o be_v but_o fugitive_n i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o some_o part_n of_o the_o mother_n arterial_a blood_n be_v convey_v into_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o arterial_a pipe_n to_o preserve_v their_o life_n and_o to_o defend_v their_o natural_a heat_n but_o that_o the_o lung_n be_v therewith_o nourish_v i_o altogether_o deny_v for_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o embryo_n be_v thick_a fast_a and_o heavy_a than_o they_o be_v after_o the_o birth_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v nourish_v with_o thick_a blood_n for_o it_o be_v a_o constant_a truth_n that_o we_o be_v nourish_v with_o that_o which_o be_v like_a unto_o we_o even_o every_o particular_a part_n be_v nourish_v with_o that_o which_o be_v most_o like_a unto_o it_o this_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o nature_n petreus_n by_o this_o new_a demonstration_n do_v quite_o nature_n he_o abrogate_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n abrogate_v and_o annihilate_v because_o he_o appoint_v thin_a blood_n for_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o infant_n which_o be_v red_a heavy_a sad_a and_o thick_a then_o for_o the_o mother_n which_o he_o must_v confess_v be_v white_a and_o thin_a for_o the_o mother_n lung_n be_v nourish_v with_o blood_n attenuate_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o derive_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n he_o stiff_o maintain_v that_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o embryo_n be_v nourish_v with_o no_o other_o than_o arterial_a blood_n labour_v and_o heat_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o mother_n heart_n and_o bring_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n forsooth_o to_o make_v recompense_n for_o their_o want_n of_o motion_n here_o also_o we_o have_v demonstration_n another_o contradiction_n in_o petreus_n demonstration_n a_o manifest_a contradiction_n he_o confess_v that_o the_o lung_n be_v thin_a after_o birth_n thick_a in_o the_o embrââ_n and_o yet_o he_o say_v that_o the_o first_o be_v nourish_v with_o thick_a blood_n the_o latter_a with_o pure_a ãâã_d all_o blood_n ââll_v of_o spirit_n and_o whereas_o he_o build_v upon_o galens_n foundation_n that_o the_o ãâã_d be_v make_v of_o the_o ãâã_d of_o the_o blood_n and_o therefore_o do_v require_v for_o their_o nourishment_n thââ_n and_o after_o all_o blood_n he_o expound_v galen_n expound_v seeâh_v not_o that_o that_o place_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o lung_n after_o the_o birth_n for_o in_o the_o infant_n the_o lung_n be_v noââââathy_n nor_o whiâsh_n but_o red_a heavy_a and_o ãâã_d yea_o even_o a_o while_n after_o the_o birth_n do_v the_o lung_n remain_v heavy_a and_o red_a whence_o it_o ãâã_d to_o pass_v that_o many_o infant_n short_o after_o their_o birth_n be_v strangle_v because_o the_o lung_n can_v play_v themselves_o either_o it_o how_o child_n be_v often_o strangââââ_n how_o to_o remedy_v it_o when_o the_o child_n lie_v upon_o his_o back_n or_o by_o some_o
that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o inoculation_n in_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o there_o be_v of_o the_o rough_a artery_n after_o the_o infant_n be_v bear_v now_o all_o man_n acknowledge_v that_o the_o rough_a artery_n be_v ordain_v for_o the_o transvection_n or_o transportation_n of_o the_o external_a and_o ambient_fw-la aer_fw-la to_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o infant_n which_o prepare_v it_o for_o the_o heart_n stand_v in_o need_n of_o aer_fw-la so_o alter_v wherefore_o the_o true_a use_n and_o office_n of_o the_o inculation_n which_o only_o have_v use_v whilst_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o the_o womb_n be_v the_o transvection_n or_o transportation_n of_o aer_fw-la but_o that_o internal_a come_n out_o of_o the_o mother_n womb_n through_o the_o chorion_n and_o the_o umbilicall_a vessel_n to_o the_o same_o lung_n of_o the_o infant_n which_o be_v to_o prepare_v it_o for_o his_o heart_n the_o last_o limit_n be_v the_o eleaventh_o month_n the_o time_n between_o be_v the_o nine_o and_o the_o ten_o time_n the_o 11._o month_n the_o last_o time_n this_o be_v rossets_n opinion_n wherein_o he_o labour_v to_o establish_v that_o both_o the_o anastomosis_n or_o inoculation_n be_v appoint_v only_o to_o lead_v air_n to_o the_o lung_n and_o that_o by_o they_o the_o infant_n do_v respire_v and_o the_o lung_n be_v move_v for_o the_o new_a generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n but_o our_o disprove_v rossets_n opinion_n disprove_v opinion_n be_v that_o the_o infant_n do_v not_o at_o all_o respire_v but_o transpire_v only_o as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o the_o next_o question_n neither_o yet_o do_v we_o think_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v have_v be_v make_v so_o notable_a inoculation_n if_o only_o the_o conveyance_n of_o air_n to_o the_o lung_n have_v be_v necessary_a for_o see_v in_o perfect_a creature_n and_o those_o that_o have_v most_o use_n and_o strength_n of_o voice_n there_o be_v but_o one_o weazon_n or_o rough_a artery_n ordain_v why_o shall_v not_o one_o inoculation_n have_v serve_v in_o the_o infant_n while_o yet_o he_o make_v no_o use_n of_o his_o lung_n for_o voice_n it_o have_v be_v more_o probable_a if_o he_o have_v say_v that_o one_o of_o the_o inoculation_n be_v make_v to_o lead_v air_n the_o other_o to_o lead_v blood_n moreover_o if_o only_a air_n be_v lead_v by_o these_o inoculation_n to_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o lung_n why_o do_v there_o appear_v in_o the_o venal_a artery_n so_o red_a blood_n and_o in_o the_o arterial_a vein_n arterial_a blood_n full_a of_o spirit_n with_o what_o blood_n shall_v the_o red_a and_o thick_a lung_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v nourish_v in_o a_o tender_a infant_n that_o transpiration_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o artery_n &_o other_o blind_a passage_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o conservation_n and_o refection_n of_o his_o weak_a heat_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o both_o the_o inoculation_n be_v original_o make_v to_o generate_v and_o nourish_v the_o lung_n because_o whereas_o the_o lung_n of_o a_o infant_n before_o birth_n do_v differ_v from_o conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n his_o lung_n after_o birth_n in_o colour_n thickness_n and_o fastnes_n of_o flesh_n they_o need_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o blood_n for_o their_o generation_n and_o nourishment_n before_o then_o they_o do_v after_o and_o thus_o we_o be_v come_v to_o a_o end_n of_o that_o admirable_a work_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o inoculation_n of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n qvest._n xxvi_o whether_o the_o infant_n in_o the_o womb_n do_v respire_v and_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o lung_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o respiration_n we_o shall_v have_v a_o fit_a place_n to_o dispute_v in_o the_o next_o book_n where_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o lung_n in_o this_o place_n it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a be_v what_o respiration_n be_v to_o give_v you_o galens_n description_n thereof_o in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr salubri_fw-la diaeta_fw-la where_o he_o say_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d or_o respiration_n be_v when_o the_o breath_n be_v draw_v in_o and_o let_v out_o by_o the_o mouth_n so_o that_o in_o respiration_n it_o be_v necessary_a the_o chest_n shall_v be_v contract_v and_o again_o dilate_v and_o the_o lung_n move_v thereafter_o if_o therefore_o i_o shall_v prove_v that_o in_o the_o infant_n the_o chest_n be_v not_o contract_v or_o dilate_a nor_o the_o lung_n move_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o he_o do_v not_o respire_v but_o transpire_v only_o the_o vital_a faculty_n in_o bloody_a and_o hot_a creature_n stand_v need_v of_o two_o thing_n for_o the_o conservation_n thereof_o respiration_n and_o pulsation_n but_o those_o creature_n which_o be_v without_o blood_n womb_n that_o the_o infant_n do_v transpire_v only_a not_o respire_v in_o the_o womb_n and_o imperfect_a which_o have_v little_a heat_n do_v live_v content_v only_o with_o the_o pulsation_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o transpiration_n so_o those_o we_o call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d and_o which_o live_v in_o hole_n all_o winter_n do_v transpire_v but_o respire_v not_o so_o likewise_o hysterical_a woman_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v in_o fit_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o heat_n of_o who_o heart_n be_v languid_a and_o weak_a be_v dissolve_v by_o a_o venomous_a breath_n of_o corrupt_a seed_n do_v live_v a_o time_n without_o respiration_n and_o many_o have_v be_v bury_v for_o dead_a when_o they_o be_v yet_o alive_a the_o infant_n because_o he_o have_v but_o a_o weak_a heat_n and_o be_v in_o the_o womb_n before_o the_o day_n of_o his_o birth_n as_o it_o be_v a_o imperfect_a creature_n be_v content_v only_o with_o transpiration_n and_o therefore_o he_o draw_v not_o his_o breath_n by_o his_o mouth_n neither_o use_v he_o the_o help_n of_o his_o chest_n or_o lung_n moreover_o respiration_n be_v only_o ordain_v for_o the_o behoof_n thereof_o that_o the_o spirituous_a substance_n which_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o glow_a hot_a leave_v ventricle_n thereof_o the_o may_v with_o the_o air_n be_v cool_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o fan_n and_o beside_o purge_v and_o refresh_v but_o there_o be_v no_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o infant_n as_o by_o and_o by_o we_o shall_v demonstrate_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o respiration_n for_o the_o final_a cause_n fail_v which_o move_v all_o the_o rest_n nature_n be_v too_o wise_a to_o undertake_v any_o labour_n the_o infant_n therefore_o do_v not_o respire_v because_o he_o respire_v the_o infant_n neither_o aught_o nor_o can_v respire_v ought_v not_o add_v hereto_o that_o he_o neither_o can_v respire_v for_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o his_o mother_n womb_n and_o compass_v about_o with_o membrane_n if_o he_o shall_v draw_v in_o breath_n at_o his_o mouth_n with_o the_o air_n he_o shall_v also_o draw_v in_o the_o water_n wherein_o he_o swim_v and_o at_o the_o first_o draught_n will_v be_v so_o suffocate_v as_o they_o that_o be_v drown_v in_o a_o river_n again_o he_o have_v no_o air_n that_o he_o may_v draw_v for_o there_o be_v no_o space_n in_o the_o womb_n that_o he_o do_v not_o fill_v and_o beside_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v so_o close_o lock_v up_o that_o it_o will_v not_o admit_v a_o little_a wind_n to_o enter_v into_o it_o again_o that_o no_o air_n be_v inspirate_v by_o the_o mouth_n or_o the_o nostril_n the_o substance_n and_o colour_n of_o the_o lung_n do_v sufficient_o declare_v for_o all_o creature_n which_o draw_v aer_fw-la at_o their_o mouth_n and_o nose_n have_v white_a and_o thin_a lung_n but_o the_o lung_n of_o the_o infant_n as_o have_v be_v often_o say_v be_v red_a and_o thick_a and_o be_v nourish_v with_o red_a and_o thick_a blood_n bring_v unto_o they_o by_o vessel_n have_v single_a coat_n that_o be_v by_o vein_n wherefore_o the_o infant_n do_v not_o respire_v because_o neither_o aught_o he_o answer_v rossets_n objection_n answer_v if_o he_o can_v nor_o can_v if_o he_o ought_v rosset_n object_n that_o by_o both_o the_o inoculation_n there_o be_v plenty_n of_o aer_fw-la transport_v to_o the_o infant_n lung_n because_o it_o dilate_v and_o contract_v his_o chest_n but_o if_o that_o be_v so_o then_o shall_v it_o follow_v that_o the_o chest_n be_v move_v after_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o lung_n be_v puff_v up_o by_o the_o aer_fw-la inspirate_v shall_v enlarge_v the_o chest_n and_o again_o fall_v upon_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o aer_fw-la shall_v compress_v the_o same_o so_o the_o lung_n shall_v not_o be_v fill_v because_o the_o chest_n be_v distend_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n but_o because_o the_o lung_n be_v fill_v the_o chest_n shall_v be_v distend_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o bottle_n or_o bladder_n which_o to_o say_v be_v very_o absurd_a as_o galen_n teach_v in_o a_o thousand_o place_n for_o
the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n attain_v a_o quality_n familiar_a to_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o right_n which_o they_o call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d and_o the_o bloody_a ventricle_n but_o in_o the_o infant_n there_o be_v neither_o any_o plenty_n of_o aer_fw-la convey_v into_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o weazon_n be_v idle_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o blood_n pour_v into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n there_o be_v therefore_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n no_o shop_n nor_o workhouse_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n that_o neither_o aer_fw-la nor_o blood_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n be_v manifest_o prove_v by_o the_o structure_n of_o his_o vessel_n for_o the_o vessel_n be_v unite_v the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o the_o venal_a artery_n by_o a_o large_a hole_n the_o great_a artery_n and_o the_o arterial_a vein_n by_o a_o arterial_a pipe_n or_o canale_n wherefore_o the_o hollow_a vein_n do_v not_o pour_v blood_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n as_o it_o do_v after_o we_o be_v bear_v but_o into_o the_o venal_a artery_n through_o that_o hole_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n the_o venal_a artery_n lead_v not_o aer_fw-la but_o blood_n and_o that_o thick_a and_o venal_a the_o great_a artery_n do_v not_o draw_v spirit_n from_o the_o heart_n but_o from_o the_o umbilicall_a artery_n which_o it_o transmit_v by_o the_o arterial_a pipe_n into_o the_o arterial_a vein_n now_o if_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v generate_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o that_o arterial_a pipe_n see_v there_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n a_o wide_a vessel_n which_o be_v diverse_o disperse_v through_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o lung_n i_o mean_v the_o venal_a artery_n this_o sure_o be_v a_o strong_a demonstration_n who_o force_n no_o man_n can_v perceive_v unless_o he_o be_v skill_v in_o anatomy_n for_o it_o depend_v whole_o upon_o ocular_a demonstration_n and_o the_o credit_n of_o a_o man_n own_o sight_n but_o this_o we_o will_v establish_v by_o other_o reason_n there_o be_v in_o the_o infant_n no_o necessity_n of_o that_o common_a storehouse_n or_o work_n house_n of_o the_o spirit_n because_o the_o two_o umbilicall_a artery_n do_v supply_v unto_o he_o arterial_a blood_n and_o a_o sufficient_a argument_n the_o second_o argument_n proportion_n of_o vital_a spirit_n and_o those_o very_a pure_a and_o bright_a as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o strong_a heat_n of_o the_o mother_n heart_n nature_n do_v nothing_o idle_o or_o in_o vein_n why_o therefore_o shall_v she_o make_v two_o umbilicall_a artery_n if_o new_a arterial_a blood_n be_v to_o be_v generate_v in_o the_o infant_n heart_n you_o will_v say_v that_o the_o mother_n arterial_a blood_n be_v unprofitable_a and_o not_o so_o fit_a for_o the_o spirit_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o new_a vital_a spirit_n use_n of_o the_o infant_n and_o therefore_o it_o need_v to_o be_v reboyled_n by_o his_o heart_n but_o i_o desire_v to_o be_v show_v the_o way_n whereby_o that_o arterial_a blood_n can_v be_v transmit_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o can_v pass_v together_o ward_n because_o nature_n have_v bolt_v it_o with_o 3._o value_n which_o look_v from_o within_o outward_a albeit_o we_o think_v with_o galen_n that_o some_o small_a quantity_n of_o the_o blood_n sype_v into_o the_o heart_n to_o nourish_v it_o and_o preserve_v his_o life_n from_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o be_v free_o pour_v into_o the_o arterial_a vein_n through_o the_o arterial_a pipe_n but_o from_o the_o arterial_a vein_n into_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v no_o way_n open_v for_o the_o membrane_n or_o value_n of_o this_o vessel_n be_v open_a outward_o but_o close_v within_o which_o give_v way_n to_o any_o thing_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o hart_n but_o do_v intercept_v the_o return_n of_o it_o into_o the_o heart_n see_v therefore_o that_o the_o arterial_a blood_n of_o the_o mother_n do_v not_o forsake_v the_o artery_n neither_o have_v any_o access_n unto_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n we_o can_v admit_v any_o new_a preparation_n of_o the_o old_a or_o preparation_n of_o any_o new_a again_o if_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o mother_n and_o the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v prepare_v for_o the_o nourishment_n argument_n the_o three_o argument_n of_o the_o lung_n and_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o their_o heat_n as_o petreus_n will_v have_v it_o why_o also_o shall_v not_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n live_v by_o the_o influence_n and_o illustration_n of_o the_o same_o spirit_n or_o if_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n do_v generate_v vital_a spirit_n whereby_o the_o life_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v preserve_v why_o shall_v it_o be_v think_v insufficient_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o lung_n which_o be_v but_o a_o little_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a wherefore_o the_o infant_n true_o live_v by_o his_o own_o proper_a life_n but_o he_o never_o engender_v new_a spirit_n nor_o have_v any_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n notwithstanding_o idle_a why_o the_o hart_n of_o the_o infant_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v idle_a we_o must_v not_o say_v that_o therefore_o the_o heart_n be_v idle_a for_o philosopher_n say_v that_o be_v only_o idle_a which_o do_v not_o work_v when_o it_o ought_v and_o when_o it_o can_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o embryo_n neither_o can_v make_v vital_a spirit_n nor_o aught_o if_o it_o can_v it_o ought_v not_o because_o the_o two_o umbilicall_a artery_n do_v supply_v both_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o spirit_n and_o those_o also_o very_o pure_a nether_a can_v it_o because_o there_o be_v a_o want_n of_o matter_n for_o it_o have_v no_o air_n which_o it_o shall_v draw_v as_o therefore_o we_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v any_o new_a chilification_n or_o sanguification_n in_o the_o infant_n for_o where_o shall_v the_o recrement_n of_o either_o of_o they_o be_v reserve_v or_o treasure_v for_o seven_o month_n together_o so_o neither_o do_v we_o admit_v a_o new_a generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o infant_n but_o you_o will_v object_v that_o infant_n artery_n be_v move_v and_o all_o motion_n objection_n objection_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v from_o the_o heart_n because_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v continuate_v together_o wherefore_o if_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v together_o with_o the_o heart_n it_o will_v follow_v necessary_o that_o we_o must_v admit_v in_o the_o infant_n the_o vital_a faculty_n by_o which_o the_o spirit_n be_v engender_v i_o answer_v that_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v indeed_o move_v but_o that_o their_o motion_n follow_v answer_n answer_n or_o flow_v from_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mother_n so_o that_o his_o artery_n do_v not_o beat_v by_o a_o proper_a and_o ingenite_fw-la faculty_n of_o their_o own_o nor_o by_o any_o power_n issue_v from_o his_o heart_n but_o by_o artery_n the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v move_v after_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o mother_n artery_n a_o force_n and_o efficacy_n transmit_v from_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mother_n that_o these_o thing_n be_v thus_o this_o elegant_a demonstration_n i_o think_v will_v sufficient_o prove_v it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o womb_n do_v so_o adhere_v to_o the_o vein_n and_o artery_n of_o the_o chorion_n that_o both_o arterial_a and_o venal_a blood_n do_v flow_v out_o of_o one_o unto_o the_o other_o and_o this_o continuity_n of_o the_o vessel_n galen_n make_v often_o mention_v of_o for_o in_o his_o book_n demonstration_n the_o first_o demonstration_n de_fw-fr dissectione_fw-la uteri_fw-la he_o say_v the_o end_n of_o that_o vessel_n which_o be_v propagate_v through_o the_o womb_n give_v beginning_n to_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o chorion_n so_o that_o you_o may_v call_v these_o two_o one_o vessel_n for_o their_o mouth_n be_v so_o unite_v that_o the_o vein_n draw_v blood_n from_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o artery_n spirit_n from_o the_o artery_n if_o this_o be_v true_a in_o the_o artery_n so_o open_v into_o the_o mouth_n either_o of_o other_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o mother_n womb_n when_o it_o beat_v must_v drive_v arterial_a blood_n into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o chorion_n which_o be_v continual_a therewith_o otherwise_o that_o arterial_a blood_n must_v either_o recoil_v into_o the_o womb_n out_o of_o the_o which_o it_o be_v issue_v or_o else_o there_o must_v be_v a_o conculcation_n of_o two_o body_n confuse_v and_o mingle_v in_o the_o same_o time_n and_o place_n mutual_o penetrate_v one_o the_o other_o whence_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o if_o we_o grant_v there_o be_v a_o
a_o example_n propound_v by_o hypocrates_n for_o say_v he_o if_o you_o give_v drink_n that_o it_o be_v part_n of_o our_o drink_n a_o pig_n that_o be_v very_o dry_a water_n mingle_v with_o minium_n or_o vermilion_n and_o present_o stick_v it_o you_o shall_v find_v all_o his_o windepipe_n along_o dye_v with_o this_o colour_a drink_n some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v generate_v from_o moist_a vapour_n and_o exhalation_n raise_v from_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o drive_v forth_o by_o his_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o high_a heat_n unto_o the_o pericardium_n by_o who_o density_n they_o be_v turn_v into_o water_n and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v falopius_n laurentius_n &_o archangelus_n who_o remember_v six_o opinion_n concern_v the_o matter_n of_o it_o which_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o make_v mention_n of_o this_o humour_n be_v find_v not_o only_o in_o dead_a body_n as_o some_o will_v but_o also_o in_o live_v but_o why_o that_o it_o be_v find_v in_o live_a body_n but_o more_o in_o dead_a and_o why_o more_o plentiful_a after_o death_n except_o in_o those_o that_o die_v of_o consumption_n in_o who_o it_o be_v little_a and_o yellowish_a because_o the_o many_o spirit_n which_o be_v about_o the_o heart_n the_o body_n be_v cold_a be_v turn_v into_o water_n even_o as_o those_o vapour_n which_o be_v raise_v from_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n convert_v into_o water_n we_o also_o affirm_v that_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v in_o live_a body_n and_o not_o only_o in_o those_o that_o be_v disease_v as_o they_o that_o be_v trouble_v with_o palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o also_o in_o all_o sound_a body_n yet_o in_o some_o more_o plentiful_a in_o other_o more_o spare_v but_o in_o all_o moderate_a because_o if_o it_o be_v consume_v there_o follow_v a_o disease_a in_o sound_a body_n as_o well_o as_o in_o disease_a consumption_n if_o it_o be_v abundant_a palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o much_o that_o it_o hinder_v the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n than_o follow_v suffocation_n and_o death_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v in_o live_a body_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o little_a humour_n like_o unto_o urine_n as_o also_o by_o the_o example_n of_o our_o saviour_n out_o of_o who_o precious_a side_n issue_v water_n and_o blood_n it_o appear_v also_o by_o the_o dissection_n of_o live_a saviour_n the_o example_n of_o our_o saviour_n creature_n which_o every_o year_n be_v perform_v for_o further_a advertisement_n especial_o a_o sheep_n or_o such_o like_a great_a with_o young_a vesalius_n add_v a_o example_n of_o a_o man_n who_o heart_n be_v take_v out_o of_o his_o body_n while_o he_o live_v at_o padua_n in_o italy_n final_o the_o use_n and_o necessity_n of_o it_o do_v evict_v the_o same_o for_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v to_o keep_v moist_a the_o heart_n and_o his_o vessel_n a_o hot_a part_n it_o be_v so_o as_o the_o left_a it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o ventricle_n will_v even_o scald_v a_o man_n finger_n if_o it_o be_v put_v into_o it_o and_o so_o continual_o move_v that_o unless_o it_o be_v thus_o temper_v it_o will_v gather_v a_o very_a torrify_a heat_n by_o cool_v it_o also_o it_o keep_v it_o fresh_a and_o flourish_a it_o moystn_v also_o the_o pericardium_n wherein_o it_o be_v contain_v which_o otherwise_o by_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n will_v be_v exiccate_v or_o dry_v up_o by_o it_o also_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n become_v more_o facile_a and_o easy_a and_o this_o motion_n spend_v it_o and_o resolve_v it_o insensible_o by_o the_o pore_n as_o it_o be_v breed_v but_o if_o in_o the_o passage_n it_o be_v stay_v then_o say_v varolius_n be_v there_o many_o hair_n find_v grow_v right_o against_o it_o on_o the_o breast_n final_o it_o take_v away_o the_o sense_n or_o feel_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o heart_n because_o the_o heart_n swim_v as_o it_o breast_n the_o cause_n of_o have_v upon_o the_o breast_n be_v in_o it_o even_o as_o we_o see_v the_o infant_n swim_v in_o sweat_n in_o the_o womb_n aswell_o to_o take_v away_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o great_a a_o burden_n from_o the_o mother_n as_o also_o that_o it_o may_v not_o fall_v hard_o to_o any_o part_n in_o her_o body_n you_o may_v add_v to_o this_o if_o you_o please_v that_o it_o help_v forward_o the_o concretion_n of_o the_o fat_a about_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o cavity_n also_o of_o the_o chest_n there_o be_v find_v such_o a_o like_a water_n mingle_v with_o blood_n with_o chest_n another_o water_n and_o blood_n mingle_v in_o the_o chest_n which_o the_o part_n of_o the_o chest_n be_v continual_o moisten_v and_o cool_v and_o thus_o much_o of_o these_o circumstance_n of_o the_o heart_n now_o follow_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o chest_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o ascend_a trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n tab_n 5._o fig._n 1._o show_v the_o division_n of_o the_o hollow-vein_n in_o the_o jugulum_fw-la or_o hollow_a under_o the_o patelbone_n on_o the_o right_a side_n be_v show_v how_o it_o be_v common_o believe_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o trunk_n the_o one_o call_v the_o sub-clavius_a the_o other_o super-clavius_a from_o whence_o come_v that_o scrupulous_a choice_n of_o the_o cephalica_fw-la and_o basilica_n vein_n in_o phlebotomy_n or_o blood-letting_n on_o the_o right_a side_n be_v show_v how_o the_o trunk_n be_v but_o one_o out_o of_o which_o both_o the_o foresay_a vein_n of_o the_o arm_n do_v proceed_v fig._n 2._o show_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n as_o much_o as_o ascend_v out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o hart_n unto_o the_o jugulun_n wherein_o be_v exhibit_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o fibre_n which_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vein_n tabula_fw-la v._o fig_n i._o fig_n ii_o the_o 2._o figure_n fig_n iii_o fig._n 3._o show_v a_o rude_a delineation_n of_o the_o fibre_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vein_n fig_n iv_o fig._n 4._o show_v the_o distribution_n of_o the_o vein_n azygos_n which_o we_o shall_v show_v more_o distinct_o in_o the_o 7._o table_n before_o the_o division_n it_o send_v out_o four_o branch_n table_n 6._o show_v the_o trunk_n and_o branch_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n as_o they_o be_v disseminated_a through_o all_o the_o three_o region_n of_o the_o body_n tabula_fw-la vi_o afterward_o the_o hollowveine_n perforate_v the_o pericardium_n again_o and_o again_o grow_v round_o but_o much_o less_o than_o before_o and_o rise_v up_o where_o the_o right_a lung_n be_v part_v from_o the_o left_a and_o so_o pass_v to_o the_o jugulum_fw-la but_o above_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o body_n it_o part_v with_o a_o notable_a trunk_n or_o branch_n to_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o spondel_n and_o the_o space_n between_o the_o rib_n and_o this_o be_v the_o three_o branch_n call_v vena_fw-la ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d or_o sine_fw-la pari_fw-la that_o be_v the_o un-mated_n vein_n ãâã_d vena_fw-la ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d which_o we_o have_v before_o call_v non-paril_a tab._n 5._o fig._n 1._o c._n fig._n 2_o b_o fig._n 4_o b_o because_o common_o in_o a_o man_n it_o be_v but_o one_o as_o also_o in_o dog_n and_o have_v not_o another_o on_o the_o other_o side_n like_o unto_o it_o although_o it_o show_v the_o trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a verne_n disseminated_a through_o both_o the_o belly_n notwithstanding_o it_o serve_v especial_o to_o exhibit_v the_o distribution_n of_o the_o vein_n azygos_n and_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o branch_n thereof_o with_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o here_o be_v only_o show_v on_o the_o right_a side_n tabula_fw-la vii_o yyyy_a the_o outward_a vein_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o be_v unite_v with_o the_o inner_a branch_n of_o the_o azygos_n z_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o basilica_n which_o be_v join_v with_o the_o cephalica_fw-la a._n a_o branch_n of_o the_o cephalica_fw-la which_o be_v join_v with_o the_o basilica_n z_o b_o the_o vein_n call_v mediana_n or_o the_o middle_a vein_n common_o from_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o vein_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d tab._n 5._o fig._n 4._o b_o tab._n 6._o ff_n tab._n 7._o d_o out_o of_o the_o backside_n of_o it_o as_o well_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n as_o on_o the_o right_n but_o on_o the_o right_a especial_o branch_n pari_fw-la the_o branch_n of_o vena_fw-la sine_fw-la pari_fw-la be_v distribute_v to_o the_o distance_n sometime_o of_o all_o but_o most_o what_o of_o the_o ten_o low_a rib_n tab._n 5._o fig._n 4_o which_o be_v call_v intercostales_fw-la rami_fw-la tab._n 6_o gg_n branch_n between_o the_o rib_n this_o vein_n also_o without_o his_o
ventricle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 3._o hh_o be_v make_v just_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o heart_n if_o you_o ventricle_n the_o left_a ventricle_n take_v away_o that_o part_n which_o make_v the_o right_a you_o shall_v better_o perceive_v it_o it_o be_v narrow_a than_o the_o former_a because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o contain_v a_o less_o quantity_n of_o matter_n and_o his_o cavity_n be_v round_a and_o go_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr anatom_n administ_n though_o vesalius_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n as_o we_o have_v say_v unto_o the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o cone_fw-it his_o flesh_n or_o thickness_n the_o reason_n of_o his_o thickness_n wall_n be_v thrice_o so_o thick_o table_n 10._o fig._n 8._o rq_n as_o that_o of_o the_o other_o as_o well_o because_o of_o the_o smallness_n of_o his_o cavity_n which_o must_v needs_o leave_v the_o side_n thick_a as_o also_o for_o that_o it_o preserve_v the_o inbred_a heat_n it_o be_v also_o hard_o and_o more_o solid_a to_o keep_v in_o the_o vital_a spirit_n that_o they_o do_v not_o exhale_v or_o vapour_n out_o and_o to_o poise_n the_o body_n the_o thickness_n of_o this_o and_o subtility_n of_o the_o content_n answer_v to_o the_o largeness_n of_o the_o other_o and_o thickness_n of_o his_o content_n that_o so_o the_o hart_n may_v not_o incline_v too_o much_o on_o either_o side_n in_o this_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v labour_v and_o contain_v heart_n the_o poise_n of_o the_o heart_n together_o with_o the_o arterial_a blood_n wherefore_o galen_n in_o the_o 7._o and_o 11._o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o russus_n call_v it_o the_o spiritual_a other_o the_o spongy_a airy_a and_o arterial_a ventricle_n for_o in_o the_o cavity_n of_o this_o ventricle_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v labour_v and_o from_o hence_o by_o the_o it_o what_o be_v contain_v in_o it_o artery_n be_v distribute_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n to_o cherish_v the_o inbred_a heat_n of_o the_o part_n to_o revive_v it_o when_o it_o grow_v dull_a or_o drowsy_a and_o to_o restore_v it_o when_o it_o be_v consume_v the_o matter_n of_o this_o spirit_n say_v galen_n be_v double_a airy_a and_o bloody_a mingle_v together_o spirit_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o nose_n &_o prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n be_v carry_v through_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n while_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v and_o the_o blood_n attenuate_v and_o concoct_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n be_v partly_o distribute_v into_o the_o lung_n by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n for_o their_o nourishment_n partly_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o left_a ventricle_n through_o his_o wall_n and_o retain_v by_o a_o inbred_a propriety_n which_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o air_n be_v absolve_v and_o perfect_v by_o the_o proper_a virtue_n of_o the_o heart_n his_o inbred_a spirit_n heat_n and_o perpetual_a motion_n and_o so_o put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o spirit_n which_o be_v continual_o nourish_v by_o the_o arterial_a blood_n this_o blood_n thus_o fraught_v with_o spirit_n in_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v pour_v out_o into_o the_o great_a artery_n to_o sustain_v the_o life_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n for_o all_o life_n be_v from_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n the_o inward_a face_n of_o both_o the_o ventricle_n be_v unequal_a and_o rugged_a that_o the_o substance_n which_o ventricle_n the_o inward_a superficies_n of_o the_o ventricle_n come_v into_o the_o heart_n shall_v not_o slip_v out_o before_o they_o be_v perfect_v for_o which_o purpose_n also_o the_o value_n do_v stand_v in_o great_a stead_n that_o inequality_n come_v partly_o by_o reason_n of_o many_o small_a den_n which_o be_v more_o notable_a be_v whence_o the_o inequality_n be_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n wherefore_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n say_v it_o be_v more_o break_a and_o abrupt_a than_o the_o right_n because_o here_o nature_n hide_v the_o divine_a fire_n which_o the_o poet_n feign_v prometheus_n steal_v from_o heaven_n to_o give_v life_n unto_o man_n and_o hypocrates_n because_o of_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o this_o place_n think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o soul_n partly_o because_o there_o be_v fire_n prometheus_n fire_n certain_a small_a fleshy_a particle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 5._o oh_o figure_n 6._o l_o figure_n hh_n figure_n 8._o m_o table_n 12._o fig._n 2._o sâ_n which_o about_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o heart_n appear_v small_a &_o slender_a to_o which_o the_o nervous_a fibre_n of_o the_o value_v table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o gg_n figure_n 8._o l_o call_v by_o galen_n in_o the_o 8._o chapter_n of_o his_o â_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o by_o archangelus_n the_o ligament_n of_o the_o heart_n do_v grow_v these_o ventricle_n be_v divide_v by_o a_o wall_n or_o partition_n table_n 10._o figure_n 3._o h_o figure_n 6._o hh_o figure_n ventricle_n the_o wall_n of_o the_o ventricle_n 7._o â_o figure_n x._o r_n least_o the_o content_n shall_v be_v mingle_v and_o shuffle_v together_o which_o on_o the_o right_a side_n bear_v out_o as_o we_o say_v and_o be_v gibbous_a on_o the_o left_a concave_n and_o hollow_a and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o thickness_n with_o the_o left_a side_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n as_o if_o the_o heart_n be_v only_o make_v for_o the_o left_a ventricle_n sake_n this_o wall_n be_v also_o full_a of_o hole_n and_o small_a trench_n it_o may_v be_v aristotle_n therefore_o call_v it_o â_o three_o ventricle_n that_o in_o they_o the_o blood_n may_v be_v wrought_v into_o a_o further_a thinness_n porous_a also_o it_o be_v especial_o on_o the_o right_a side_n that_o the_o blood_n may_v more_o free_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o right_a ânto_o the_o left_a side_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n which_o galen_n insinuate_v in_o these_o word_n in_o the_o 15._o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr naturalibus_fw-la facultatibus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o right_a civity_n that_o which_o be_v thin_a be_v draw_v by_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o wall_n who_o utmost_a end_v a_o man_n can_v scarce_o discern_v because_o in_o dead_a body_n all_o such_o passage_n fall_v together_o that_o the_o blood_n be_v carry_v by_o these_o passage_n it_o appear_v because_o nature_n never_o endeavour_v any_o thing_n rash_o or_o in_o vein_n but_o there_o be_v many_o trench_n as_o it_o be_v and_o deep_a cave_n in_o the_o partition_n which_o have_v narrow_a determination_n thus_o far_o galen_n these_o breathe_a passage_n be_v most_o conspicuous_a in_o a_o ox_n heart_n after_o it_o be_v long_o sod_v discern_v how_o best_o discern_v but_o there_o be_v some_o as_o varolius_n columbus_n and_o vlmus_fw-la who_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o passage_n and_o will_v that_o the_o blood_n shall_v be_v carry_v by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n out_o of_o the_o right_a ventricle_n man_n the_o opinion_n of_o some_o learned_a man_n into_o the_o lung_n part_n of_o which_o to_o remain_v for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o the_o remaydâââ_n to_o be_v convey_v after_o some_o alteration_n in_o the_o lung_n mingle_v with_o the_o air_n which_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o breath_n through_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o the_o nourishment_n and_o generation_n of_o the_o vital_a blood_n and_o spirit_n but_o we_o will_v leave_v this_o subtle_a question_n to_o philosopher_n for_o we_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v make_v this_o mention_n of_o both_o way_n by_o which_o it_o may_v pass_v leave_v the_o controversy_n to_o far_a disquisition_n at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n on_o either_o side_n hang_v a_o appendixe_v table_n 9_o figure_n 2._o ââââ_o ââ_z 10._o figure_n 3._o be_v which_o be_v call_v the_o ear_n not_o from_o any_o profit_n action_n or_o use_v it_o have_v say_v deafeeare_n the_o deafeeare_n galen_n in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o sixth_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o therefore_o we_o in_o english_a call_v it_o common_o the_o deafe-eare_n but_o for_o the_o similitude_n for_o it_o have_v a_o long_a basis_n and_o end_v in_o a_o obtuse_a or_o blunt_a cone_n or_o point_n these_o be_v place_v about_o the_o ventricle_n before_o the_o orifice_n or_o entrance_n of_o the_o vessel_n right_a their_o situation_n the_o right_a which_o carry_v matter_n into_o the_o heart_n the_o right_n table_n 9_o figure_n 2._o 1table_n 10._o figure_n 1_o b_o fig._n 3._o 2_o which_o be_v place_v near_o table_n 10._o figure_n 3._o a_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v the_o large_a and_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o common_a body_n together_o with_o the_o vein_n and_o his_o cone_n or_o point_n look_v upward_o but_o the_o leave_v table_n 10._o figure_n 2_o f_o figure_n 3_o e_o place_v
they_o be_v like_o a_o semicircle_n or_o halfmoon_n or_o the_o figure_n whence_o the_o value_v be_v their_o figure_n latin_a letter_n â_o if_o all_o these_o three_o be_v together_o stretch_v and_o set_v upright_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o one_o great_a value_n stop_v up_o the_o whole_a orifice_n &_o whilst_o they_o be_v stretch_v carry_v their_o figure_n of_o the_o halfmoon_n but_o when_o they_o sink_v or_o flag_n than_o they_o become_v rugous_a and_o resemble_v the_o moon_n in_o the_o first_o quarter_n their_o outward_a cover_v or_o circunference_n as_o also_o be_v that_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n be_v more_o solid_a vessel_n the_o utter_a coat_n of_o this_o vessel_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o body_n for_o where_o in_o both_o orificies_n they_o touch_v themselves_o or_o join_v some_o way_n together_o they_o become_v so_o indurate_v that_o they_o appear_v to_o be_v like_o a_o long_a and_o round_o tilage_n the_o venall_n artery_n tab._n 10_o fig._n 2_o g_o h_o not_o right_o express_v table_n 11_o fig._n 1_o d_o be_v a_o vessel_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n a_o artery_n because_o of_o his_o use_n for_o it_o contain_v and_o bring_v aer_fw-la artery_n the_o venal_a artery_n as_o also_o because_o it_o beat_v as_o other_o pulse_n do_v not_o so_o indeed_o that_o it_o can_v be_v discern_v by_o the_o eye_n but_o so_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v because_o it_o be_v continuate_v with_o the_o left_a ventricle_n visible_a it_o have_v pulsation_n though_o not_o visible_a where_o be_v the_o original_n of_o pulsation_n a_o vein_n it_o be_v as_o be_v of_o the_o substance_n that_o vein_n be_v of_o it_o proceed_v out_o of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n at_o his_o basis_n with_o a_o spacious_a &_o round_a &_o open_a orifice_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o cc_o great_a then_o that_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v his_o beginning_n out_o of_o the_o soft_a part_n of_o the_o ventricle_n but_o it_o may_v better_o be_v believe_v to_o have_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n if_o we_o mark_v the_o connexion_n that_o be_v find_v in_o infant_n unborn_a it_o have_v but_o one_o thin_a and_o simple_a coat_n in_o grow_v body_n that_o the_o lung_n may_v be_v single_a his_o coat_n but_o single_a nourish_v with_o defaecated_a thin_a and_o vaporous_a blood_n bring_v by_o it_o but_o send_v by_o the_o heart_n and_o that_o in_o a_o great_a quantity_n than_o a_o thick_a stiff_a vessel_n will_v carry_v because_o the_o lung_n be_v part_n of_o great_a expense_n as_o well_o because_o of_o their_o continual_a motion_n as_o also_o for_o the_o rareness_n and_o looseness_n of_o their_o substance_n which_o suffer_v the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o exhale_v reason_n why_o this_o vessel_n be_v to_o be_v capacious_a many_o reason_n from_o they_o again_o it_o be_v needful_a that_o this_o vessel_n shall_v be_v capacious_a becave_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n require_v great_a store_n of_o air_n for_o the_o temper_n of_o it_o beside_o that_o it_o need_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o spirit_n for_o in_o grow_v man_n it_o have_v the_o use_n of_o a_o artery_n to_o carry_v air_n &_o not_o of_o a_o vein_n as_o it_o have_v while_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o the_o mother_n womb_n and_o again_o the_o large_a it_o be_v and_o more_o spacious_a the_o better_a may_v the_o smoke_n and_o soot_n pass_v through_o it_o into_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o weazon_n without_o infect_v the_o air_n it_o brink_v into_o the_o heart_n which_o in_o a_o narrow_a passage_n will_v necessary_o have_v be_v mingle_v and_o in_o the_o infant_n it_o have_v no_o use_n of_o a_o double_a coat_n because_o it_o only_o carry_v the_o aliment_n of_o the_o lung_n unto_o they_o from_o the_o hollow_a vein_n it_o be_v a_o notable_a vessel_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o trunk_n table_n 11._o figure_n 4._o bbcd_a so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o double_a orifice_n of_o the_o same_o vessel_n the_o right_a of_o these_o be_v send_v under_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n into_o the_o right_a lung_n table_n 11._o figure_n 1._o d_o the_o leave_v into_o the_o left_a like_o the_o arterial_a vein_n and_o so_o they_o be_v both_o disseminated_a through_o lest_o the_o right_a branch_n the_o lest_o the_o lung_n and_o make_v the_o representation_n of_o root_n tab_v 11._o figure_n 4._o ââââ_o and_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o gate-veine_n for_o as_o it_o do_v suck_v the_o nourishment_n with_o his_o end_n or_o extremity_n so_o the_o venal_a artery_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o lung_n to_o draw_v air_n out_o of_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o weazon_n but_o at_o the_o original_n of_o this_o vessel_n and_o the_o great_a artery_n they_o both_o meet_v and_o be_v join_v together_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o a_o good_a thick_a and_o large_a particle_n which_o in_o the_o infant_n be_v perforate_v and_o make_v a_o passage_n as_o we_o shall_v declare_v hereafter_o the_o use_n of_o this_o venal_a artery_n be_v in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o draw_v air_n out_o of_o the_o lung_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o spirit_n and_o in_o his_o contraction_n to_o expel_v or_o draw_v out_o into_o the_o lung_n a_o portion_n artery_n the_o use_n of_o the_o venal_a artery_n of_o the_o vital_a blood_n for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o life_n as_o also_o the_o soot_n and_o smoke_n that_o arise_v from_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o least_o all_o the_o air_n shall_v return_v again_o out_o of_o the_o hart_n value_n his_o value_n into_o the_o lung_n there_o grow_v to_o the_o orifice_n of_o this_o vessel_n a_o membranous_a circle_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o dd_n out_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v lead_v inward_a and_o divide_v into_o two_o value_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o ff_o table_n 12._o fig._n 2._o r_o bend_n from_o without_o inward_a which_o as_o they_o exceed_v in_o largeness_n the_o value_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n so_o also_o they_o be_v strong_a have_v long_a thredy_a string_n table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o gg_fw-mi to_o which_o more_o fleshy_a table_n 10._o figure_n 7._o hh_o table_n 12._o figure_n 2_o ss_z explantation_n or_o rise_n do_v accrue_v one_o of_o these_o value_v look_v to_o the_o right_a side_n another_o to_o the_o left_a which_o when_o they_o be_v join_v do_v resemble_v a_o bishop_n mitre_n they_o be_v but_o two_o because_o this_o vessel_n be_v not_o to_o be_v over_o close_o shut_v and_o that_o for_o two_o two_o why_o but_o two_o cause_n first_o see_v that_o all_o part_n need_v vital_a spirit_n and_o blood_n to_o be_v send_v unto_o they_o for_o their_o life_n the_o lung_n also_o must_v need_v they_o wherefore_o as_o they_o receive_v alimentary_a and_o nourish_a blood_n by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n so_o be_v they_o to_o receive_v vital_a by_o the_o venal_a artery_n therefore_o in_o the_o venal_a artery_n there_o be_v always_o contain_v subtle_a and_o arterial_a blood_n which_o that_o it_o may_v be_v it_o have_v only_o two_o value_v set_v to_o it_o that_o in_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o way_n may_v not_o be_v altogether_o stop_v up_o but_o so_o much_o space_n leave_v as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o transvection_n of_o vital_a blood_n but_o if_o the_o value_n be_v want_v then_o will_v the_o arterial_a blood_n in_o contraction_n flow_v forth_o in_o great_a quantity_n and_o with_o more_o violence_n and_o so_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o consequent_o the_o they_o the_o necessity_n of_o they_o whole_a body_n shall_v be_v defraud_v again_o that_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o smouldry_n excrement_n engender_v between_o the_o air_n attract_v and_o the_o native_a heat_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o ventricle_n they_o may_v have_v free_a egress_n this_o way_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o so_o go_v out_o by_o the_o weazon_n which_o otherwise_o if_o they_o be_v retain_v may_v endanger_v the_o suffocation_n and_o extinction_n of_o the_o creature_n natural_a heat_n the_o second_o vessel_n of_o the_o left_a ventricle_n be_v the_o great_a artery_n of_o which_o though_o we_o do_v entreat_v at_o large_a in_o his_o proper_a place_n yet_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o discourse_v of_o it_o here_o so_o far_o as_o shall_v make_v for_o out_o present_a purpose_n chap._n xiiii_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o his_o value_n and_o use_n about_o the_o heart_n this_o great_a artery_n call_v aorta_n be_v make_v before_o the_o heart_n have_v as_o the_o heart_n artery_n the_o great_a artery_n a_o beginning_n of_o generation_n from_o the_o seed_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v immediate_o make_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o other_o part_n be_v albeit_o his_o original_n
yet_o so_o that_o in_o a_o man_n they_o adhere_v together_o by_o membranous_a fibres_n so_o that_o there_o be_v rather_o a_o note_n or_o footstep_n of_o division_n than_o any_o true_a division_n indeed_o though_o it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o dog_n and_o the_o low_a be_v long_o than_o the_o upper_a and_o it_o be_v so_o divide_v as_o well_o that_o the_o whole_a lung_n may_v more_o safe_o and_o swift_o be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v the_o act_n breathe_v in_o more_o easy_o penetrate_v into_o their_o narrow_a passage_n as_o also_o that_o they_o may_v the_o more_o firm_o embrace_v the_o heart_n and_o not_o be_v compress_v when_o we_o bow_v downward_o and_o although_o they_o be_v find_v to_o be_v distinguish_v though_o not_o with_o any_o true_a division_n sometime_o into_o three_o sometime_o into_o more_o sometime_o into_o two_o yet_o rare_o shall_v we_o find_v in_o a_o man_n because_o of_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o breast_n five_o lobe_n in_o a_o dog_n and_o a_o ape_n often_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v so_o then_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o 2._o and_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n they_o lie_v very_o high_a into_o the_o throat_n under_o the_o hollow-vein_n their_o substance_n tab._n 14_o fig_n 2._o be_v fleshy_a whereupon_o it_o be_v call_v parenchyma_n &_o a_o fleshy_a bowel_z weave_v with_o three_o sort_n of_o vessel_n tab._n 14_o fig._n 2_o bcd_n and_o substance_n their_o substance_n cover_v with_o a_o thin_a membrane_n which_o vari_v in_o softness_n and_o colour_n according_a to_o the_o age_n birth_n how_o their_o substance_n and_o colour_n differ_v before_o &_o after_o birth_n of_o the_o party_n in_o young_a man_n it_o be_v fast_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o our_o age_n rare_a cave_n and_o hollow_a for_o the_o lung_n be_v not_o move_v in_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o mother_n as_o neither_o the_o heart_n be_v then_o thick_a and_o firm_a as_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o liver_n red_a also_o from_o the_o colour_n of_o their_o nourishment_n for_o nourish_v they_o be_v in_o the_o mother_n womb_n with_o that_o wherewith_o they_o be_v generate_v that_o be_v blood_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n to_o the_o venal_a artery_n by_o inoculation_n and_o spirit_n send_v from_o the_o great_a artery_n to_o the_o arterial_a vein_n by_o the_o pipe_n or_o canal_n before_o mention_v but_o the_o infant_n be_v bear_v when_o the_o heart_n begin_v to_o move_v his_o motion_n and_o heat_n soften_v and_o puff_v up_o their_o flesh_n by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o so_o be_v move_v with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n they_o also_o become_v pliable_a to_o the_o motion_n thereof_o and_o be_v lift_v up_o and_o fall_v again_o with_o ease_n they_o lie_v also_o bed_v as_o it_o be_v between_o the_o division_n of_o the_o slice_v plato_n his_o mollis_fw-la saltus_fw-la why_o they_o join_v after_o death_n be_v cut_v or_o slice_v vessel_n fill_v up_o the_o empty_a place_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v a_o defence_n and_o strengthen_n unto_o they_o that_o they_o be_v not_o break_v in_o their_o continual_a motion_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o plato_n call_v their_o motion_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d saltus_fw-la mollis_fw-la a_o soft_a motion_n which_o be_v further_v in_o that_o their_o substance_n be_v full_a of_o a_o slimy_a and_o viscid_a moisture_n insomuch_o that_o varolius_n say_v that_o after_o death_n if_o they_o be_v cut_v yet_o will_v they_o glue_v together_o again_o by_o this_o viscidity_n substance_n their_o substance_n their_o substance_n also_o be_v lax_n spungy_a and_o rare_a make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o froth_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o it_o may_v better_o admit_v the_o aer_fw-la draw_v in_o like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n and_o be_v free_o fill_v therewith_o their_o colour_n be_v yellowish_a oftentimes_o ashy_a spot_v with_o certain_a dull_a and_o blackish_a colour_n their_o colour_n specke_n or_o cloudye_a stream_n and_o in_o those_o that_o die_v of_o any_o long_a and_o linger_a disease_n they_o grow_v yet_o black_a they_o have_v a_o membrane_n breed_v out_o of_o the_o pleura_fw-la for_o where_o the_o vessel_n pass_v into_o the_o lung_n membrane_n their_o membrane_n tab._n 14_o fig._n 1_o cd_o the_fw-mi their_o common_a coat_n spring_v from_o the_o pleura_fw-la depart_v from_o they_o and_o be_v fine_o stretch_v over_o the_o superficies_n or_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o lung_n to_o form_n &_o contain_v their_o soft_a substance_n which_o otherwise_o be_v shake_v with_o continual_a motion_n will_v quick_o break_v off_o by_o piece_n meal_n this_o membrane_n be_v thin_a that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v burdensome_a and_o soft_a that_o it_o may_v better_o stretch_v with_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o lung_n full_a also_o of_o pore_n though_o after_o death_n insensible_a that_o if_o any_o quitture_v or_o matter_n shall_v be_v gather_v in_o the_o chest_n in_o a_o pleurisy_n or_o inflammation_n of_o the_o porous_a why_o the_o membrane_n be_v porous_a lung_n call_v peripneumonia_n it_o may_v by_o these_o pore_n have_v issue_n &_o so_o be_v spit_v out_o by_o cough_n albeit_o we_o be_v not_o ignorant_a that_o in_o both_o these_o disease_n the_o lung_n themselves_o be_v affect_v which_o we_o be_v teach_v by_o the_o dissection_n of_o pleuriticall_a body_n and_o also_o by_o they_o which_o have_v recover_v of_o pleurisy_n in_o who_o do_v remain_v difficulty_n of_o breathe_v and_o some_o pain_n in_o the_o weaken_a side_n as_o long_o as_o they_o live_v this_o porosite_a also_o make_v their_o upper_a face_n smooth_a and_o bedew_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o slimy_a moisture_n into_o this_o membrane_n because_o it_o need_v but_o a_o little_a sense_n there_o be_v small_a nerve_n disseminated_a from_o the_o sixth_o conjugation_n on_o the_o right_a side_n tab._n 8._o fig._n 1_o t_o after_o the_o right_n recurrent_a be_v frame_v but_o on_o the_o left_a side_n tab._n 8_o fig._n 1_o q_o before_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o recurrent_a these_o pain_n why_o ulcer_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v with_o pain_n nerve_n do_v not_o reach_v unto_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v pain_v or_o weary_v in_o their_o continual_a motion_n and_o hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o all_o the_o ulcer_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v without_o pain_n table_n 14._o figure_n 1._o show_v the_o fore-side_n of_o the_o lung_n take_v out_o out_o of_o the_o chest_n from_o which_o the_o heart_n with_o his_o membrane_n be_v cut_v fig._n 2._o show_v the_o back_n and_o gibbous_a side_n of_o the_o lung_n as_o it_o lie_v upon_o the_o back_n figure_n 3._o show_v the_o arterial_a vein_n figure_n 4._o show_v the_o venall_n artery_n separate_v from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n tabula_fw-la xiiii_o fig_n i_o fig_n two_o fig_n iii_o fig_n iv_o two_o vessel_n it_o receyve_v from_o the_o heart_n of_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o one_o call_v the_o arterial_a vein_n tab_v 14._o fig._n 1_o c_o fig._n 13._o the_o whole_a arterial_a vein_n which_o out_o of_o the_o right_a vein_n the_o arterial_a vein_n ventricle_n minister_v to_o the_o lung_n alimentarie_a blood_n therein_o attenuate_v for_o their_o nourishment_n and_o with_o this_o blood_n the_o natural_a spirit_n and_o the_o natural_a soul_n therein_o reside_v with_o all_o her_o power_n and_o faculty_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o lung_n the_o other_o call_v the_o venal_a artery_n tab_v 14_o fig._n 1_o d_o figure_n 4_o the_o venal_a artery_n separate_v which_o be_v a_o instrument_n only_o of_o the_o spirit_n but_o contain_v also_o pure_a thin_a and_o vaporous_a blood_n wherefore_o the_o aer_fw-la which_o be_v attract_v by_o the_o windpipe_n and_o prepare_v in_o the_o lung_n it_o lead_v to_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o the_o left_a ventricle_n bring_v forth_o vital_a blood_n with_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o faculty_n to_o the_o lung_n partly_o that_o therewith_o they_o may_v be_v nourish_v partly_o it_o whence_o life_n it_o for_o their_o life_n that_o the_o inbred_a heat_n may_v be_v cherish_v for_o life_n be_v from_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o the_o arterial_a blood_n perfect_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n partly_o that_o by_o it_o the_o smoke_n and_o soot_n may_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o heart_n these_o two_o vessel_n be_v far_o great_a than_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o lung_n may_v seem_v to_o require_v if_o the_o proportion_n be_v compare_v to_o that_o of_o other_o part_n &_o that_o because_o the_o lung_n with_o their_o perpetual_a motion_n do_v consume_v and_o dissipate_v much_o moisture_n and_o moreover_o because_o they_o serve_v not_o only_o to_o carry_v out_o natural_a blood_n and_o vital_a blood_n with_o vital_a spirit_n but_o also_o by_o their_o extremity_n do_v receive_v from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o windpipe_n air_n which_o they_o lead_v into_o the_o
ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o if_o any_o small_a branch_n of_o these_o vessel_n be_v break_v the_o lung_n become_v purulent_a and_o yield_v matter_n up_o in_o cough_v as_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n add_v that_o the_o lung_n with_o their_o heat_n do_v draw_v unto_o themselves_o phlegm_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a body_n especial_o out_o of_o the_o head_n and_o as_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v differ_v from_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n so_o be_v their_o manner_n of_o nourish_v for_o there_o be_v no_o part_n either_o so_o rare_a light_a and_o spirituous_a or_o which_o nourishment_n their_o difference_n from_o other_o part_n in_o substance_n &_o manner_n of_o nourishment_n be_v nourish_v with_o so_o pure_a thin_a and_o vaporous_a blood_n wherefore_o the_o lung_n have_v vessel_n contrary_a to_o those_o which_o be_v in_o other_o part_n for_o in_o other_o part_n the_o vein_n have_v a_o rare_a and_o thin_a coat_n that_o the_o thick_a blood_n may_v be_v free_o and_o speedy_o distribute_v to_o the_o part_n about_o they_o for_o body_n be_v nourish_v with_o blood_n draw_v through_o the_o very_a coat_n of_o the_o vessel_n but_o the_o artery_n be_v thick_a and_o dense_a or_o sight_n that_o the_o neighbour_n part_n may_v for_o their_o life_n draw_v only_o subtle_a and_o spirituous_a blood_n and_o but_o a_o little_a of_o it_o because_o no_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n though_o never_o so_o small_a can_v be_v preserve_v without_o it_o but_o in_o the_o lung_n all_o be_v far_o otherwise_o the_o lung_n how_o extraordinary_a in_o the_o lung_n coat_n of_o the_o vein_n tab._n 14._o figure_n 3._o bc_n be_v thick_a and_o sight_n that_o nothing_o but_o that_o which_o be_v very_o thin_a may_v sweat_v out_o because_o every_o thing_n be_v nourish_v with_o aliment_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v light_n and_o rare_a do_v therefore_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o a_o pure_a vaporous_a and_o thin_a blood_n but_o because_o the_o lung_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o perpetual_a motion_n as_o for_o their_o store_n of_o heat_n which_o they_o have_v partly_o by_o the_o vicinity_n or_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o heart_n partly_o by_o the_o assiduity_n of_o their_o motion_n do_v need_v more_o plentiful_a nourishment_n than_o other_o part_n therefore_o nature_n have_v give_v to_o their_o artery_n the_o coat_n of_o a_o vein_n table_n 14._o figure_n 4._o â_o that_o they_o may_v yield_v unto_o the_o lung_n thin_a and_o spirituous_a blood_n plentiful_o and_o in_o abundance_n that_o because_o the_o vein_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o thickness_n or_o density_n yield_v they_o less_o store_n of_o nourishment_n abundant_a recompense_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o artery_n which_o because_o of_o their_o thinness_n and_o rarity_n can_v contain_v it_o from_o they_o these_o three_o vessel_n some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v move_v according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o lung_n virtue_n how_o these_o 3._o vessel_n be_v move_v &_o by_o what_o virtue_n other_o according_a to_o the_o heart_n only_o the_o weazon_n or_o asper_n artery_n be_v dilate_v when_o the_o lung_n be_v dilate_v but_o the_o venal_a artery_n be_v move_v true_o after_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o not_o with_o the_o same_o motion_n nor_o with_o the_o same_o power_n or_o virtue_n that_o the_o artery_n or_o pulse_n be_v move_v with_o for_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o dilatation_n draw_v air_n from_o the_o venal_a artery_n in_o his_o contraction_n he_o thrust_v forth_o a_o part_n of_o the_o yitall_a blood_n together_o with_o the_o sooty_a excrement_n wherefore_o this_o venal_a artery_n be_v empty_v in_o the_o dialtation_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o fill_v in_o his_o contraction_n the_o use_n of_o the_o lung_n be_v first_o to_o be_v the_o instrument_n of_o respiration_n and_o of_o the_o voice_n lung_n the_o use_n of_o the_o lung_n for_o all_o those_o creature_n that_o want_v lung_n use_v not_o to_o breath_n and_o be_v mute_o beside_o for_o be_v dilate_v like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n they_o receive_v in_o air_n from_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o windepipe_n which_o they_o prepare_v as_o be_v the_o shop_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o by_o degree_n change_v it_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o otherwise_o shall_v receive_v it_o impure_a and_o rush_v sudden_o and_o at_o once_o in_o to_o he_o and_o by_o this_o delay_n and_o preparation_n it_o become_v a_o convenient_a nourishment_n for_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n for_o some_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n be_v familiar_a and_o agree_v with_o that_o inbred_a in_o new_o lime_v house_n be_v dangerous_a to_o dwell_v in_o spirit_n another_o be_v full_a of_o enmity_n and_o will_v corrupt_v it_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o see_v those_o that_o dwell_v in_o house_n new_o lime_v get_v disease_n and_o especial_o the_o fume_n or_o smother_v of_o coal_n and_o such_o like_a will_n present_o kill_v a_o man_n this_o air_n the_o heart_n in_o his_o dilatation_n draw_v unto_o itself_o by_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o venal_a artery_n out_o of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o windpipe_n who_o mouth_n do_v meet_v whereby_o he_o be_v cool_v for_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v hot_a be_v nourish_v cherish_v and_o conserve_v by_o that_o which_o be_v moderate_o cold_a as_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr naturapueri_fw-la for_o as_o a_o flame_n be_v straighten_a in_o a_o narrow_a place_n and_o not_o ventilate_v with_o the_o air_n be_v consume_v so_o our_o natural_a heat_n when_o it_o want_v cool_v grow_v weak_a as_o they_o know_v well_o which_o sit_v in_o hot_a house_n and_o faint_a and_o be_v at_o length_n extinguish_v for_o as_o a_o flame_n it_o be_v continual_o move_v wherefore_o the_o philosopher_n call_v the_o lung_n the_o fan_n or_o flabell_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o plato_n think_v that_o the_o heart_n hippoc._n gal_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la respir_n expound_v this_o say_n of_o hippoc._n when_o it_o be_v heat_v with_o anger_n be_v temper_v again_o by_o the_o lung_n again_o when_o they_o be_v constringe_v and_o contract_v in_o expiration_n for_o in_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n life_n do_v consist_v say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 21._o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n derespiratione_n they_o drive_v out_o the_o aer_fw-la that_o remain_v by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o it_o may_v give_v place_n unto_o that_o which_o be_v fresh_a and_o make_v also_o matter_n for_o the_o voice_n this_o aer_fw-la when_o it_o come_v in_o be_v cold_a when_o it_o go_v out_o hot_a because_o it_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o heat_n that_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o heart_n another_o use_n of_o they_o be_v in_o expiration_n to_o avoid_v the_o fuliginous_a and_o smoky_a sootinesse_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o spirit_n and_o the_o thin_a and_o thick_a excrement_n of_o the_o lung_n gather_v in_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o sharp_a artery_n or_o weazon_n by_o cough_v into_o the_o windpipe_n which_o be_v carry_v up_o as_o in_o a_o reed_n and_o spit_n out_o of_o the_o mouth_n yea_o sometime_o cast_v out_o with_o a_o cough_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o weazon_n or_o windpipe_n call_v the_o sharp_a artery_n or_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la the_o three_o proper_a vessel_n of_o the_o lung_n the_o ancient_n call_v simple_o the_o artery_n because_o it_o contain_v aer_fw-la the_o late_a writer_n with_o galen_n call_v it_o the_o sharp_a artery_n windpipe_n of_o the_o windpipe_n because_o of_o the_o inequality_n of_o his_o substance_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o smooth_a artery_n we_o call_v it_o common_o the_o weazon_n or_o windpipe_n it_o be_v one_o and_o a_o great_a pipe_n tab._n 15_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2_o give_v to_o all_o creature_n which_o have_v lung_n it_o look_v towards_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o open_a into_o the_o mouth_n and_o be_v place_v position_n his_o position_n before_o the_o gullet_n or_o oesophagus_fw-la tab._n 14_o fig._n 1_o aa_n upon_o which_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o throat_n and_o be_v carry_v direct_o downward_o from_o the_o mouth_n along_o the_o neck_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v frame_v especial_o for_o this_o cause_n into_o the_o lung_n into_o which_o it_o always_o gape_v very_o wide_a and_o in_o his_o low_a part_n be_v divide_v into_o many_o small_a pipe_n call_v by_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la syringas_fw-la and_o aortas_n which_o determine_v in_o the_o lung_n with_o manifold_a branch_n tab._n 15_o fig._n 1_o bb_n cc_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v the_o head_n be_v call_v larynx_n we_o call_v it_o the_o throttle_n tab._n 15_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2_o g_o h_o larynx_n the_o throttle_n or_o larynx_n of_o it_o we_o will_v speak_v in_o our_o history_n
ebullition_n or_o boil_a of_o the_o blood_n whereby_o it_o rise_v and_o occupi_v a_o large_a place_n yea_o and_o pour_v itself_o out_o into_o all_o the_o cavity_n adjoin_v thereto_o and_o this_o he_o illustrate_v by_o a_o example_n take_v from_o boil_a water_n water_n when_o it_o boil_v rise_v up_o and_o occupi_v large_a place_n than_o it_o do_v example_n a_o pregnant_a example_n before_o but_o if_o you_o blow_v cold_a air_n into_o it_o it_o present_o fall_v right_o so_o be_v it_o say_v he_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o man_n the_o heat_n boil_v up_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o cold_a air_n we_o draw_v in_o by_o inspiration_n settle_v it_o again_o and_o this_o be_v far_o prove_v because_o the_o pulse_n of_o young_a man_n be_v more_o lively_a and_o strong_a than_o of_o old_a of_o whole_a man_n then_o of_o sick_a of_o wake_v man_n then_o of_o sleep_v instance_n another_o instance_n because_o their_o heat_n be_v more_o vehement_a and_o the_o fervour_n or_o work_n of_o their_o blood_n more_o manifest_a these_o thing_n be_v very_o probable_a and_o carry_v i_o must_v needs_o say_v a_o great_a show_n of_o truth_n but_o if_o they_o be_v weigh_v in_o the_o balance_n of_o anatomy_n they_o will_v be_v find_v but_o light_n herein_o be_v the_o philosopher_n error_n that_o he_o understand_v the_o heart_n to_o be_v distend_v or_o dilate_v because_o error_n wherein_o be_v the_o philosopher_n error_n it_o be_v fill_v contrariwise_o the_o anatomist_n understand_v the_o heart_n to_o be_v fill_v because_o it_o be_v dilate_v in_o the_o deprave_a motion_n or_o palpitation_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o be_v distend_v indeed_o because_o it_o be_v fill_v either_o with_o water_n or_o with_o vapour_n but_o in_o the_o proper_a and_o natural_a it_o be_v dilate_v by_o a_o inbred_a comparison_n comparison_n power_n of_o his_o own_o and_o be_v dilate_v draw_v in_o blood_n and_o spirit_n and_o so_o be_v fill_v like_v as_o a_o smith_n bellows_n be_v open_v by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o smith_n be_v fill_v with_o air_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o bladder_n while_o they_o be_v fill_v be_v distend_v those_o fill_n in_o the_o dilatation_n these_o dilate_v in_o the_o fill_n beside_o this_o conceit_n of_o aristotle_n other_o have_v diverse_o devise_v concern_v this_o motion_n hiracledus_fw-la erosistratus_fw-la hiracledus_fw-la erasistratus_n hiracledus_n erithreus_n conceive_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v from_o the_o animal_n and_o vital_a faculty_n together_o auerrhoe_n that_o it_o be_v from_o the_o appetent_fw-la and_o sentient_a soul_n and_o that_o the_o heat_n be_v but_o the_o instrument_n which_o the_o appetite_n use_v other_o think_v auerrhoe_n auerrhoe_n that_o nature_n only_o move_v the_o heart_n because_o alone_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v principium_fw-la motus_fw-la or_o beginning_n opinion_n other_o opinion_n of_o motion_n in_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v move_v other_o that_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v from_o the_o soul_n and_o the_o contraction_n mere_o natural_a the_o side_n of_o the_o heart_n fall_v down_o with_o their_o own_o weight_n like_v as_o in_o the_o disease_n call_v tremor_n or_o the_o shake_a palsy_n the_o faculty_n palsy_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o snake_a palsy_n of_o the_o soul_n continual_o raise_v up_o the_o head_n and_o the_o weight_n bear_v it_o down_o again_o whence_o the_o perpetual_a shake_n proceed_v but_o truth_n be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v no_o tremble_v but_o a_o constant_a and_o orderly_a motion_n neither_o be_v the_o contraction_n cause_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o buckle_v under_o the_o burden_n of_o itself_o but_o the_o great_a strength_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v in_o the_o contraction_n whereby_o it_o hurl_v motion_n the_o kind_n of_o motion_n forth_o as_o the_o lightning_n pass_v through_o the_o whole_a heaven_n his_o spirit_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o exclude_v oftentimes_o not_o without_o violence_n the_o fume_a vapour_n into_o the_o arterial_a vein_n but_o before_o we_o set_v down_o our_o resolution_n concern_v this_o matter_n a_o few_o thing_n be_v to_o motion_n voluntary_a motion_n be_v first_o establish_v there_o be_v a_o threefold_a motion_n violent_a animal_n and_o natural_a of_o violent_a motion_n none_o at_o all_o can_v be_v perpetual_a whereupon_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o no_o art_n can_v make_v a_o perpetual_a motion_n animal_n motion_n be_v all_o voluntary_a this_o galen_n well_o describe_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr motu_fw-la musculorum_fw-la where_o he_o say_v if_o thou_o can_v settle_v and_o appease_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v move_v or_o do_v at_o thy_o pleasure_n and_o again_o move_v or_o do_v that_o be_v at_o rest_n or_o be_v not_o do_v that_o action_n or_o motion_n be_v true_o voluntary_a if_o moreover_o thou_o can_v do_v any_o thing_n swift_a or_o flower_n often_o or_o seldome_a at_o thy_o pleasure_n these_o action_n be_v obedient_a to_o thy_o will_n final_o the_o natural_a motion_n be_v manifold_a as_o a_o thing_n may_v diverse_a way_n manifold_a natural_a motion_n manifold_a be_v say_v to_o be_v natural_a there_o be_v one_o simple_a natural_a motion_n which_o be_v accomplish_v only_o by_o nature_n and_o the_o elementary_a form_n with_o this_o motion_n heavy_a thing_n move_v downward_o and_o light_a thing_n upward_o second_o all_o motion_n be_v call_v natural_a which_o be_v oppose_v to_o violent_a motion_n so_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n though_o they_o be_v voluntary_a be_v say_v to_o be_v natural_a if_o they_o be_v natural_o dispose_v three_o all_o motion_n be_v call_v natural_a which_o be_v not_o animal_n that_o be_v voluntary_a so_o galen_n say_v in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v not_o of_o the_o soul_n that_o be_v of_o the_o will_n but_o of_o nature_n &_o again_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v of_o nature_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n of_o the_o soul_n so_o that_o galen_n in_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la deliver_v but_o two_o kind_n of_o faculty_n the_o one_o animal_n the_o other_o natural_a understand_v all_o that_o to_o be_v natural_a which_o be_v not_o animal_n or_o voluntary_a now_o we_o conclude_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v natural_a in_o the_o three_o acception_n question_n the_o resolution_n of_o the_o question_n that_o be_v that_o it_o depend_v neither_o upon_o the_o will_n nor_o simple_o upon_o nature_n but_o upon_o the_o vital_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v natural_a not_o upon_o the_o will_n because_o we_o can_v neither_o stay_v it_o nor_o set_v it_o go_v again_o neither_o slacken_v nor_o hasten_v it_o at_o our_o pleasure_n not_o simple_o upon_o nature_n for_o in_o a_o body_n that_o be_v animate_v that_o be_v that_o have_v a_o soul_n nothing_o move_v but_o the_o soul_n otherwise_o there_o shall_v be_v more_o form_n than_o one_o and_o more_o beginner_n of_o motion_n than_o one_o which_o true_a and_o solid_a philosophy_n will_v not_o suffer_v this_o soul_n be_v the_o nature_n itself_o of_o the_o creature_n which_o that_o it_o may_v preserve_v the_o union_n between_o the_o body_n and_o itself_o move_v the_o heart_n concoct_v in_o the_o stomach_n reboyl_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o perfect_v the_o blood_n in_o the_o vein_n when_o we_o say_v therefore_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v natural_a we_o mean_v that_o it_o be_v from_o a_o natural_a faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o be_v not_o voluntary_a and_o that_o this_o motion_n be_v natural_a all_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o do_v evident_o show_v there_o be_v three_o immediate_a cause_n of_o the_o pulse_n the_o efficient_a the_o end_n or_o final_a cause_n and_o efficient_a three_o immediate_a cause_n of_o the_o pulse_n the_o efficient_a the_o instrument_n all_o natural_a the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o vital_a faculty_n which_o imploi_v itself_o whole_o about_o the_o generation_n of_o spirit_n which_o by_o that_o perpetual_a motion_n be_v bring_v forth_o for_o in_o the_o diastole_n or_o dilatation_n it_o draw_v blood_n and_o air_n in_o the_o systole_n or_o contraction_n it_o draw_v out_o the_o spirit_n already_o make_v and_o their_o excrement_n the_o final_a cause_n which_o you_o may_v call_v either_o the_o use_n or_o the_o necessity_n at_o your_o pleasure_n final_a the_o final_a be_v threefold_a the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o spirituous_a substance_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o temper_v and_o moderate_v of_o it_o for_o there_o be_v great_a danger_n that_o because_o of_o the_o continual_a motion_n the_o heart_n shall_v be_v inflame_v unless_o it_o have_v be_v ventilate_v with_o air_n as_o with_o a_o fan_n and_o the_o expurgation_n of_o smoky_a or_o fume_a vapour_n the_o instrument_n also_o of_o this_o motion_n be_v natural_a not_o animal_n galen_n
they_o have_v get_v the_o measure_n of_o heat_n that_o they_o have_v in_o the_o live_a body_n will_v be_v dilate_v but_o never_o fall_v because_o there_o want_v a_o faculty_n but_o they_o be_v both_o deceive_v for_o if_o both_o the_o diastole_n and_o systole_n come_v not_o from_o the_o faculty_n but_o from_o the_o constitution_n deceive_v how_o both_o be_v deceive_v of_o the_o artery_n than_o the_o artery_n shall_v ever_o keep_v the_o same_o magnitude_n and_o the_o same_o vehemency_n of_o pulsation_n but_o we_o see_v that_o the_o pulse_n be_v now_o great_a now_o lesser_a as_o the_o strength_n be_v great_a or_o little_a sometime_o the_o systole_n sometime_o the_o diastole_n be_v great_a as_o the_o use_n of_o either_o be_v increase_v there_o want_v not_o some_o who_o strive_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v from_o the_o brain_n stand_v upon_o one_o authority_n of_o galens_n where_o he_o say_v in_o the_o 2._o book_n brain_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o from_o the_o brain_n de_fw-fr causis_fw-la pulsuum_fw-la when_o in_o a_o man_n the_o pulse_n begin_v to_o be_v convulsive_a present_o he_o be_v take_v with_o a_o convulsion_n which_o seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o there_o be_v one_o original_a of_o the_o faculty_n of_o pulsation_n and_o of_o that_o to_o which_o convulsion_n do_v belong_v but_o galens_n own_o observation_n bewray_v the_o vanity_n of_o this_o opinion_n for_o if_o the_o brain_n be_v compress_v sense_n and_o motion_n will_v perish_v but_o the_o artery_n will_v still_o beat_v if_o the_o nerve_n which_o come_v from_o the_o brayn_n to_o the_o heart_n be_v cut_v or_o intercept_v the_o creature_n become_v dumb_a but_o the_o artery_n beat_v still_o see_v therefore_o that_o the_o artery_n neither_o move_v by_o a_o power_n of_o their_o own_o nor_o from_o the_o move_v the_o true_a cause_n whereby_o the_o motion_n be_v move_v elementary_a form_n nor_o only_o from_o heat_n nor_o from_o a_o spirit_n or_o spumy_a blood_n it_o remain_v necessary_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v move_v by_o pulsative_a power_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v move_v by_o any_o thing_n save_v by_o a_o faculty_n their_o motion_n shall_v be_v not_o continual_a but_o violent_a neither_o will_v there_o be_v any_o attraction_n of_o air_n in_o dilatation_n but_o the_o boil_a blood_n will_v take_v up_o all_o the_o room_n this_o faculty_n or_o power_n pulsative_fw-mi be_v in_o a_o moment_n carry_v not_o through_o the_o cavitie_n but_o along_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o artery_n and_o that_o it_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o moment_n this_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o lead_v which_o way_n the_o faculty_n be_v lead_v all_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n all_o together_o in_o the_o same_o time_n when_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o the_o 1._o the_o different_a pulsuum_fw-la &_o the_o 2_o prima_fw-la cognition_n ex_fw-la pull_v speak_v of_o those_o that_o have_v hot_a heart_n and_o cold_a artery_n in_o who_o the_o part_n of_o the_o artery_n that_o be_v near_o to_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v soon_o than_o those_o that_o be_v more_o remote_a be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v that_o the_o pulsative_fw-mi power_n be_v move_v through_o the_o heart_n what_o may_v hinder_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n artery_n &_o slow_o by_o degree_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o faculty_n flow_v in_o a_o moment_n unless_o it_o be_v hinder_v but_o it_o may_v be_v hinder_v sometime_o by_o his_o own_o fault_n sometime_o by_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o instrument_n by_o his_o own_o when_o the_o heat_n be_v weak_a by_o the_o instrument_n when_o the_o artery_n be_v either_o cold_a or_o soft_a or_o obstruct_a it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o when_o all_o thing_n be_v aright_o dispose_v it_o flow_v in_o a_o instant_n and_o not_o through_o the_o cavitie_n but_o along_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o artery_n galen_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o the_o book_n quod_fw-la sanguis_fw-la arterijs_fw-la delineatur_fw-la give_v a_o experience_n a_o instance_n for_o experience_n instance_n from_o experience_n if_o you_o put_v a_o quill_n or_o reed_n into_o the_o artery_n which_o will_v fill_v the_o whole_a cavity_n yet_o will_v the_o artery_n beat_v but_o if_o his_o coat_n be_v press_v with_o a_o tie_n it_o will_v cease_v instant_o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o artery_n in_o a_o infant_n beat_v before_o the_o heart_n and_o therefore_o the_o pulse_n be_v from_o the_o spirit_n not_o from_o the_o heart_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o infant_n artery_n solution_n objection_n solution_n do_v move_v by_o a_o virtue_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o mother_n for_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o infant_n be_v continual_a with_o those_o of_o the_o mother_n and_o receive_v as_o well_o life_n &_o the_o pulsative_a faculty_n from_o she_o as_o the_o liver_n and_o all_o the_o other_o part_n do_v nourishment_n qvest._n v._o whether_o the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v or_o on_o the_o contrary_a then_o contract_v there_o arise_v now_o a_o more_o obscure_a thorny_a and_o scrupulous_a question_n than_o question_n a_o difficult_a question_n the_o former_a and_o that_o be_v whether_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n for_o the_o explication_n whereof_o we_o must_v first_o resolve_v that_o the_o artery_n be_v fill_v when_o they_o be_v dilate_v and_o empty_v when_o they_o be_v contract_v dilatation_n the_o artery_n be_v fill_v in_o their_o dilatation_n that_o they_o draw_v when_o they_o be_v dilate_v and_o expel_v when_o they_o be_v constringe_v the_o reason_n be_v manifest_a for_o the_o vessel_n must_v needs_o draw_v with_o that_o motion_n whereby_o they_o be_v make_v most_o fit_a to_o receive_v but_o the_o vessel_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v more_o enlarge_v by_o so_o much_o be_v they_o more_o capable_a now_o they_o be_v enlarge_v by_o dilatation_n therefore_o when_o they_o be_v dilate_v they_o draw_v and_o be_v fill_v so_o that_o archigines_n be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v hearken_v unto_o archigines_n archigines_n who_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o in_o the_o systole_n the_o artery_n do_v draw_v and_o be_v fill_v and_o in_o the_o diastole_n do_v expel_v and_o be_v empty_v who_o argument_n for_o this_o be_v because_o in_o inspiration_n the_o lip_n be_v straighten_v and_o the_o nostril_n contract_v but_o whether_o this_o diastole_n of_o the_o artery_n erasistratus_n the_o first_o opinion_n erasistratus_n be_v at_o once_o and_o together_o with_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o heart_n that_o be_v indeed_o a_o great_a controversy_n erasistratus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o think_v their_o motion_n contrary_a that_o be_v that_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v the_o artery_n be_v contract_v and_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v among_o the_o new_a writer_n these_o have_v side_v with_o he_o fernelius_n columbus_n cardane_n &_o sealiger_n and_o true_o his_o opinion_n may_v be_v confirm_v by_o authority_n and_o reason_n galen_n in_o his_o authority_n authority_n book_n de_n pull_v ad_fw-la tyrenes_n say_v that_o the_o vital_a faculty_n do_v move_v diverse_a body_n at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o diverse_a motion_n which_o can_v be_v understand_v of_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o the_o artery_n avicen_n fen._n 1._o cap._n 4._o doctrine_n 6._o affirm_v that_o the_o vital_a first_o reason_n the_o first_o faculty_n do_v together_o dilate_v and_o constringe_v the_o reason_n beside_o these_o authority_n be_v in_o the_o diastole_n the_o heart_n draw_v blood_n by_o the_o hollow_a vein_n into_o his_o right_a ventricle_n and_o aer_fw-la by_o the_o venal_a artery_n into_o the_o left_a therefore_o at_o that_o time_n the_o heart_n be_v fill_v and_o the_o vessel_n be_v empty_v contrariwise_o in_o the_o systole_n the_o heart_n expel_v the_o vital_a spirit_n into_o the_o artery_n therefore_o at_o that_o time_n the_o heart_n be_v empty_v and_o the_o artery_n be_v fill_v but_o when_o the_o artery_n be_v fill_v they_o be_v distend_v and_o when_o they_o be_v empty_v they_o fall_v wherefore_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v distend_v the_o artery_n be_v contract_v and_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v they_o be_v distend_v beside_o there_o be_v the_o same_o proportion_n between_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o heart_n which_o second_o the_o second_o there_o be_v between_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o deaf_a ear_n but_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a which_o our_o eyesight_n teach_v we_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v diverse_a for_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v than_o those_o ear_n do_v fall_v and_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v than_o they_o be_v distend_v and_o fill_v wherefore_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o
artery_n be_v move_v with_o a_o diverse_a motion_n three_o as_o attraction_n and_o expulsation_n be_v in_o other_o part_n so_o it_o be_v likely_a they_o be_v in_o the_o heart_n three_o the_o three_o but_o when_o the_o stomach_n drive_v out_o the_o chylus_n the_o messentery_a vein_n do_v draw_v it_o and_o therefore_o when_o the_o heart_n drive_v out_o blood_n and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n than_o the_o artery_n draw_v it_o and_o so_o their_o motion_n be_v contrary_a four_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v then_o become_v it_o short_a and_o draw_v unto_o it_o four_o the_o four_o self_n the_o artery_n that_o be_v continual_a with_o it_o and_o therefore_o make_v they_o narrow_a but_o when_o the_o heart_n be_v contract_v the_o artery_n be_v dilate_v and_o become_v long_o last_o if_o one_o hand_n be_v place_v upon_o the_o breast_n &_o another_o upon_o the_o wrist_n the_o same_o stroke_n will_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v perceive_v but_o the_o stroke_n and_o percussion_n of_o the_o breast_n be_v do_v by_o the_o fist_n the_o fist_n contraction_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v it_o come_v to_o the_o breast_n and_o strike_v it_o but_o when_o it_o be_v distend_v it_o become_v short_a and_z recede_v from_o the_o chest_n now_o the_o stroke_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o from_o the_o contraction_n but_o from_o the_o dilatation_n wherefore_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o a_o diverse_a motion_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o by_o the_o truth_n itself_o prove_v by_o reason_n yet_o be_v we_o persuade_v with_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la pull_v &_o 3._o depraesag_n expul_n &_o 6._o de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n and_o this_o we_o be_v teach_v first_o by_o experience_n then_o by_o strong_a &_o invincible_a force_n of_o argument_n the_o experience_n be_v instance_a by_o galen_n which_o every_o man_n may_v make_v trial_n of_o in_o himself_o if_o one_o experience_n experience_n hand_n be_v lay_v upon_o the_o breast_n and_o another_o upon_o the_o wrist_n the_o same_o stroke_n will_v be_v perceive_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o beside_o in_o diffection_n of_o live_a creature_n we_o have_v often_o observe_v the_o very_a same_o but_o beside_o these_o reason_n do_v evince_v it_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o move_v by_o the_o impulsion_n of_o the_o blood_n not_o by_o the_o boil_a or_o heat_n of_o it_o but_o first_o reason_n first_o by_o a_o faculty_n and_o that_o not_o of_o the_o artery_n but_o yssue_v from_o the_o heart_n therefore_o they_o be_v contract_v by_o the_o faculty_n which_o contract_v the_o heart_n and_o distend_v by_o the_o same_o force_n and_o power_n by_o which_o it_o be_v distend_v but_o if_o they_o be_v move_v with_o diverse_a motion_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o dilate_v faculty_n must_v flow_v from_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o same_o moment_n wherein_o it_o be_v contract_v which_o no_o philosopher_n will_v dare_v to_o admit_v beside_o that_o motion_n be_v the_o same_o which_o have_v the_o same_o efficient_a and_o final_a cause_n but_o the_o pulsative_a power_n be_v the_o same_o which_o second_o second_o move_v the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o the_o end_n also_o be_v the_o same_o to_o wit_n nutrition_n temperation_n or_o qualification_n and_o expurgation_n three_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a be_v all_o one_o and_o a_o part_n of_o that_o be_v three_o three_o move_v which_o be_v continual_a with_o the_o whole_a the_o whole_a be_v move_v as_o be_v see_v in_o the_o string_n of_o instrument_n but_o the_o artery_n and_o heart_n be_v continual_a together_o wherefore_o if_o they_o be_v instance_n a_o instance_n move_v by_o the_o heart_n as_o be_v most_o evident_a then_o will_v it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o they_o shall_v both_o be_v move_v together_o by_o the_o same_o motion_n four_o unless_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n be_v together_o distend_v and_o together_o four_o four_o contract_v the_o hart_n shall_v not_o be_v refrigerated_a in_o his_o dilatation_n because_o the_o artery_n be_v contract_v there_o will_v follow_v a_o exclusion_n of_o the_o smoky_a excrment_n into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n and_o so_o the_o hart_n and_o the_o artery_n shall_v mutual_o strive_v &_o their_o motion_n be_v in_o vain_a five_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o in_o the_o contraction_n the_o heart_n shall_v draw_v air_n from_o five_o five_o the_o dilate_a and_o distend_v artery_n for_o sometime_o the_o use_n of_o respiration_n be_v take_v away_o as_o in_o passion_n of_o the_o mother_n the_o hart_n do_v not_o draw_v air_n from_o the_o lung_n and_o the_o venal_a artery_n because_o than_o no_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o the_o mouth_n and_o the_o nostril_n yet_o the_o hart_n move_v and_o the_o artery_n beat_v now_o it_o be_v move_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n but_o this_o generation_n be_v not_o without_o the_o admistion_n of_o air_n it_o draw_v therefore_o air_n from_o the_o artery_n not_o contract_v because_o then_o be_v the_o excrement_n expel_v but_o from_o the_o artery_n distend_v but_o if_o when_o the_o artery_n be_v distend_v the_o heart_n be_v contract_v than_o the_o contract_a heart_n shall_v draw_v from_o the_o distend_v artery_n and_o so_o shall_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n become_v contrary_a six_o this_o faculty_n be_v incorporeal_a communicate_v itself_o in_o a_o moment_n wherefore_o at_o sixt._n sixt._n what_o time_n the_o hart_n begin_v to_o dilate_v it_o distend_v all_o the_o artery_n and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_n final_o the_o pulse_n which_o be_v in_o anger_n sorrow_n and_o other_o passion_n do_v sufficient_o show_v that_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n be_v move_v with_o the_o same_o motion_n for_o if_o when_o the_o hart_n seven_o seven_o be_v dilate_v the_o artery_n shall_v be_v contract_v then_o in_o anger_n the_o pulse_n shall_v be_v small_a in_o grief_n great_a because_o in_o anger_n the_o heart_n be_v somewhat_o contract_v and_o therefore_o the_o artery_n shall_v be_v but_o a_o little_a dilate_a contrariwise_o in_o grief_n the_o artery_n shall_v be_v very_o much_o dilate_v because_o the_o heart_n be_v strong_o contract_v but_o how_o false_a this_o be_v common_a experience_n will_v witness_v let_v we_o therefore_o settle_v ourselves_o in_o galens_n opinion_n and_o determine_v that_o the_o man_n what_o deceive_v the_o former_a learned_a man_n artery_n be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v when_o the_o heart_n be_v dilate_v and_o contract_v the_o structure_n of_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o heart_n deceive_v those_o learned_a man_n which_o hold_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n together_o with_o the_o obscure_a manner_n of_o the_o heart_n motion_n for_o there_o be_v in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o heart_n four_o notable_a vessel_n the_o hollow_a vein_n the_o arterial_a vein_n the_o venal_a artery_n and_o the_o great_a artery_n they_o imagine_v that_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o dyactole_n do_v draw_v something_o from_o these_o four_o vessel_n and_o in_o his_o systole_n drive_v something_o into_o they_o all_o and_o that_o therefore_o in_o the_o diastole_n of_o the_o heart_n they_o be_v all_o empty_v that_o the_o heart_n may_v be_v fill_v and_o in_o the_o systole_n of_o the_o heart_n they_o be_v all_o fill_v because_o the_o heart_n be_v empty_v beside_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n for_o they_o will_v have_v the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n to_o be_v dilate_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o air_n or_o blood_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o the_o artery_n be_v not_o dilate_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v but_o because_o they_o be_v dilate_v therefore_o be_v they_o fill_v only_o the_o power_n be_v what_o the_o truth_n be_v &_o pulsative_a faculty_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o heart_n distend_v the_o artery_n not_o the_o blood_n contain_v in_o they_o for_o whether_o they_o be_v distend_v or_o contract_v they_o remain_v always_o full_a of_o blood_n but_o if_o you_o shall_v think_v that_o they_o be_v distend_v because_o they_o be_v fill_v then_o blood_n the_o artery_n in_o both_o motion_n be_v still_o lust_n of_o blood_n will_v it_o follow_v that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o can_v be_v all_o distend_v for_o how_o can_v that_o corporeal_a blood_n be_v carry_v in_o a_o moment_n from_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o artery_n of_o the_o foot_n i_o will_v give_v you_o for_o illustration_n of_o this_o matter_n a_o elegant_a example_n the_o smith_n bellows_n because_o example_n a_o fit_a example_n they_o be_v dilate_v be_v therefore_o fill_v with_o air_n and_o the_o chest_n because_o it_o be_v distend_v by_o the_o animal_n faculty_n be_v present_o fill_v but_o
of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n pour_v out_o blood_n into_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n for_o that_o as_o galen_n say_v in_o the_o 15._o chapter_n of_o his_o 6._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la the_o lung_n in_o a_o infant_n be_v read_v dense_a and_o immovable_a and_o be_v nourish_v with_o thick_a and_o gross_a blood_n second_o the_o membrane_n place_v in_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n which_o he_o call_v not_o well_o three-forked_a for_o the_o value_v of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n and_o the_o venal_a artery_n one_o be_v three_o fork_a the_o rest_n be_v semicircular_a he_o do_v not_o imagine_v be_v make_v to_o that_o end_n that_o they_o shall_v prohibit_v blood_n for_o go_v out_o of_o the_o great_a artery_n into_o the_o hart_n because_o while_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o the_o womb_n they_o hinder_v not_o the_o arterial_a blood_n from_o enter_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o here_o vlmus_fw-la offend_v at_o the_o stone_n at_o which_o he_o stumble_v before_o for_o nothing_o vessel_n nothing_o go_v into_o the_o infant_n heart_n out_o of_o any_o of_o the_o vessel_n flow_v into_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o infant_n heart_n by_o his_o four_o orifice_n not_o blood_n by_o the_o hollow_a vein_n for_o what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o his_o attenuation_n when_o the_o infant_n lung_n be_v nourish_v with_o thick_a blood_n not_o air_n by_o the_o venal_a artery_n for_o the_o infant_n breathe_v not_o in_o the_o womb_n not_o arterial_a blood_n by_o the_o aorta_fw-mi or_o great_a artery_n for_o this_o labour_n be_v vain_a because_o in_o a_o moment_n it_o shall_v be_v thrust_v back_o into_o the_o same_o aorta_fw-mi again_o add_v to_o this_o that_o there_o shall_v have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o that_o arterial_a canal_n or_o pipe_n go_v from_o the_o great_a artery_n to_o the_o arterial_a vein_n unknown_a to_o thou_o vlmus_fw-la as_o i_o see_v and_o almost_o to_o all_o anatomist_n three_o while_o vlmus_fw-la assent_v to_o botallus_n and_o fashion_v to_o himself_o a_o peculiar_a use_n of_o that_o hole_n or_o passage_n he_o wallow_v in_o the_o same_o puddle_n with_o he_o and_o deserve_v the_o same_o reproof_n botallus_n have_v in_o confute_v of_o columbus_n he_o be_v most_o subtle_a at_o length_n he_o bring_v opinion_n vlmus_fw-la opinion_n to_o the_o birth_n his_o witty_a conceit_n which_o he_o travel_v with_o and_o after_o many_o sharp_a throw_n and_o pinch_n be_v deliver_v of_o it_o to_o wit_n that_o in_o the_o spleen_n the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v prepare_v because_o the_o spleen_n be_v make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o woof_n and_o web_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n inexplicable_o weave_v true_a how_o it_o can_v be_v true_a together_o that_o when_o it_o be_v so_o prepare_v it_o be_v suck_v away_o by_o the_o artery_n and_o carry_v into_o the_o trunk_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n and_o so_o into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n but_o there_o be_v indeed_o many_o obstacle_n which_o will_v hinder_v this_o ready_a passage_n if_o we_o will_v but_o stay_v a_o while_n and_o follow_v the_o stream_n a_o little_a first_o of_o all_o in_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n there_o be_v three_o membrane_n shut_v without_o against_o it_o so_o that_o by_o they_o the_o arterial_a blood_n can_v pass_v this_o our_o very_a eye_n teach_v we_o and_o beside_o our_o great_a dictator_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cord_n have_v in_o direct_a word_n deliver_v the_o same_o vlmus_fw-la i_o know_v also_o will_v deny_v this_o use_n of_o the_o value_n and_o yet_o i_o know_v also_o he_o will_v not_o say_v that_o nature_n form_v they_o in_o vain_a i_o say_v then_o that_o if_o they_o do_v not_o altogether_o interclude_v or_o hinder_v the_o egress_n and_o regress_n of_o the_o blood_n yet_o as_o he_o himself_o be_v constrain_v to_o confess_v they_o break_v and_o stay_v the_o abundant_a and_o violent_a influence_n of_o the_o same_o which_o if_o they_o do_v then_o can_v the_o whole_a matter_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o spleen_n by_o the_o great_a artery_n unto_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n because_o see_v the_o generation_n of_o the_o spirit_n must_v be_v sudden_a and_o abundant_a their_o matter_n also_o have_v need_n to_o be_v minister_v with_o a_o full_a stream_n and_o not_o drop_n or_o sipe_n by_o degree_n into_o the_o heart_n furthermore_o in_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v one_o point_n of_o nature_n excellent_a workmanship_a that_o draw_v by_o one_o vessel_n and_o expel_v by_o another_o it_o draw_v blood_n by_o the_o hollowveine_n the_o same_o it_o expel_v by_o the_o arterial_a vein_n it_o draw_v air_n hy_z the_o venal_a artery_n which_o it_o mingle_v with_o the_o blood_n and_o expel_v the_o vital_a spirit_n into_o the_o great_a artery_n but_o if_o by_o the_o great_a artery_n it_o shall_v draw_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o same_o moment_n shall_v expel_v the_o spirit_n into_o the_o same_o great_a artery_n again_o there_o will_v be_v a_o mixture_n of_o those_o ivice_n and_o in_o the_o artery_n will_v there_o also_o be_v perpetual_o two_o contrary_a motion_n one_o of_o the_o blood_n ascend_v from_o the_o spleen_n to_o the_o heart_n another_o of_o the_o arterial_a blood_n descend_v from_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o spleen_n which_o as_o we_o admit_v may_v be_v sometime_o in_o critical_a evacuation_n &_o in_o notable_a maister-prise_n of_o nature_n so_o we_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v perpetual_a but_o the_o generation_n of_o spirit_n be_v perpetual_a vlmus_fw-la will_n object_n that_o the_o venal_a artery_n lead_v air_n unto_o the_o heart_n and_o shut_v also_o out_o into_o the_o lung_n smoky_a vapour_n together_o with_o some_o portion_n of_o blood_n but_o we_o will_v answer_v objection_n objection_n that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a reason_n of_o air_n and_o of_o blood_n air_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o subtility_n answer_n answer_n and_o fineness_n can_v pass_v through_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o coat_n which_o blood_n can_v do_v moreover_o if_o the_o arterial_a blood_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o spleen_n and_o not_o in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o galen_n think_v why_o do_v the_o hollow_a vein_n open_a into_o the_o heart_n with_o so_o wide_a a_o mouth_n be_v it_o only_o for_o nourishment_n of_o the_o lung_n no_o very_o for_o the_o orifice_n argument_n a_o argument_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o arterial_a vein_n as_o galen_n say_v in_o his_o 3._o book_n and_o 15._o chapter_n de_fw-fr facultate_fw-la natural_a be_v it_o for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o heart_n nothing_o less_o for_o the_o heart_n have_v a_o peculiar_a vein_n call_v the_o crown_n vein_n by_o which_o it_o be_v nourish_v therefore_o that_o patent_n orifice_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n at_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n be_v ordain_v to_o cast_v in_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o spirit_n into_o the_o womb_n of_o the_o heart_n where_o they_o be_v force_v and_o send_v out_o into_o the_o little_a world_n of_o the_o body_n final_o from_o hence_o i_o gather_v that_o the_o spleen_n be_v not_o ordain_v for_o the_o preparation_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n because_o heart_n why_o thesplene_n can_v prepare_v the_o blood_n for_o the_o heart_n the_o spleen_n be_v very_o subject_a to_o obstruction_n not_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o vessel_n which_o be_v very_o ample_a and_o large_a nor_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o parenchyma_n or_o flesh_n which_o be_v rare_a and_o spongy_a and_o therefore_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o feculent_a and_o muddy_a humour_n contain_v in_o it_o but_o how_o shall_v it_o serve_v for_o the_o expurgation_n of_o the_o dross_n and_o the_o blood_n and_o for_o the_o preparation_n also_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o the_o blood_n be_v prepare_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n the_o heart_n and_o thence_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o left_a by_o the_o hole_n and_o nook_n of_o the_o partition_n wall_n qvest._n vii_o whether_o the_o matter_n and_o quitture_v of_o those_o that_o be_v call_v empyici_n maybe_o purge_v by_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o the_o artery_n and_o how_o it_o be_v purge_v by_o the_o urine_n by_o the_o siege_n and_o by_o apostemation_n this_o question_n have_v wring_v the_o wit_n of_o many_o scholar_n a_o long_a time_n notwithstanding_o according_a to_o the_o mean_a modele_n of_o our_o wit_n we_o will_v here_o if_o empyici_fw-la who_o be_v empyici_fw-la it_o may_v be_v untie_v that_o knot_n we_o call_v those_o empyici_n with_o hypocrates_n who_o have_v a_o imposthume_n as_o we_o call_v it_o or_o a_o bladder_n break_v in_o the_o side_n or_o the_o lung_n the_o matter_n of_o which_o
fallopius_fw-la that_o oculate_a anatomist_n think_v he_o find_v a_o near_a and_o more_o ready_a way_n &_o for_o it_o describe_v a_o small_a branch_n which_o run_v from_o the_o non-paril_a or_o vena_fw-la sine_fw-la pari_fw-la along_o by_o the_o rib_n and_o so_o pierce_v the_o midriff_n &_o join_v itself_o with_o the_o fatty_a vein_n call_v adiposa_n and_o the_o emulgent_a this_o excretion_n of_o the_o pus_fw-la or_o matter_n by_o the_o vein_n i_o do_v not_o altogether_o gainsay_v yet_o i_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o very_a uneouth_n way_n because_o their_o mouth_n open_v not_o into_o the_o chest_n neither_o be_v the_o vein_n stir_v any_o motion_n whereby_o they_o may_v suck_v so_o thick_a and_o feculent_a a_o matter_n and_o that_o it_o shall_v sweat_v through_o their_o coat_n be_v a_o very_a difficult_a matter_n and_o hard_a to_o be_v believe_v some_o there_o be_v which_o dream_n of_o certain_a secret_a meatus_fw-la or_o pore_n for_o this_o expurgation_n because_o when_o man_n be_v alive_a all_o passage_n yea_o even_a substance_n be_v open_a and_o the_o body_n perspicable_a both_o find_v strange_a passage_n which_o nature_n find_v within_o and_o without_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o body_n be_v so_o open_a for_o we_o know_v as_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o his_o 2._o book_n de_fw-fr epidemijs_fw-la and_o the_o 55._o aphoris_n sect_n 7._o that_o nature_n make_v way_n for_o apostumation_n even_o through_o the_o bone_n the_o dropsy_n water_n pass_v out_o of_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la into_o the_o gut_n and_o sometime_o into_o the_o way_n of_o the_o urine_n the_o urine_n be_v transcolate_v through_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o kidney_n the_o seed_n through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o testicle_n the_o phlegmatic_a humour_n of_o the_o joint_n sometime_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o gut_n sometime_o in_o a_o slimy_a spittle_n they_o be_v avoid_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n by_o unction_n of_o quicksilver_n all_o these_o thing_n i_o say_v we_o admit_v but_o why_o objection_n answer_v to_o the_o objection_n shall_v we_o seek_v such_o insensible_a passage_n for_o this_o expurgation_n of_o purulent_a matter_n when_o there_o be_v many_o very_a patent_n and_o easy_a to_o be_v perceive_v but_o what_o be_v they_o let_v we_o hear_v galen_n chalk_v they_o out_o unto_o we_o in_o his_o 4._o chap._n and_o 6._o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affect_n be_v this_o question_n say_v he_o do_v not_o a_o little_a trouble_n erasistratus_n follower_n who_o think_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o contain_v in_o the_o be_v what_o the_o passage_n be_v artery_n but_o only_a spirit_n but_o to_o we_o it_o be_v of_o no_o difficulty_n because_o we_o understand_v that_o the_o venal_a artery_n of_o the_o lung_n can_v lead_v so_o much_o of_o the_o purulent_a matter_n of_o a_o impostumation_n as_o it_o receive_v into_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o be_v thence_o convey_v into_o the_o kidney_n by_o the_o great_a artery_n his_o meaning_n therefore_o be_v that_o 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and_o nature_n have_v here_o very_o wise_o ordain_v that_o although_o this_o action_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a and_o so_o natural_a for_o the_o voluntary_a why_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o respiration_n shall_v be_v partly_o voluntary_a preservation_n of_o life_n yet_o there_o shall_v also_o be_v in_o it_o some_o command_n of_o the_o will_n because_o it_o be_v often_o very_o profitable_a to_o stay_v the_o breath_n and_o often_o to_o thrust_v it_o out_o with_o extraordinary_a violence_n if_o we_o be_v to_o give_v very_o diligent_a ear_n to_o any_o thing_n if_o to_o pass_v through_o any_o unsavoury_a or_o noisome_a place_n if_o we_o fall_v or_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o water_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o contain_v our_o breath_n on_o the_o contrary_a to_o blow_v up_o any_o thing_n to_o wind_v a_o home_n or_o sound_v a_o trumpet_n to_o blow_v the_o fire_n or_o such_o like_a it_o be_v very_o profitable_a that_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o 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reason_n draw_v from_o hypocrates_n that_o which_o be_v like_a to_o they_o from_o whence_o they_o reason_n thus_o the_o lung_n draw_v unto_o themselves_o blood_n attenuate_v in_o the_o right_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o be_v therewith_o nourish_v that_o blood_n be_v very_o hot_a their_o substance_n if_o hypocrates_n say_v true_a who_o be_v say_v never_o to_o have_v deceive_v any_o man_n nor_o never_o to_o have_v be_v deceive_v himself_o must_v needs_o be_v cold_a but_o these_o argument_n may_v thus_o be_v answer_v argument_n answer_v to_o the_o argument_n to_o the_o first_o the_o vessel_n be_v not_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o lung_n but_o the_o flesh_n which_o be_v make_v of_o a_o hot_a and_o frothy_a blood_n to_o the_o second_o that_o they_o refrigerate_v and_o cool_v the_o heart_n not_o by_o their_o own_o temperament_n but_o because_o they_o draw_v and_o contain_v outward_a air_n which_o be_v always_o cold_a than_o the_o heart_n though_o it_o
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tunnell_n the_o phlegmatic_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v transcolate_v into_o the_o pituitary_a glandule_n thereunder_o dispose_v and_o so_o through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n distil_v into_o the_o pallate_n of_o the_o mouth_n the_o other_o passage_n of_o the_o third_o ventricle_n which_o be_v large_a than_o the_o former_a be_v direct_v into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n where_o the_o glandule_n or_o kernel_n call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d be_v seat_v at_o each_o side_n of_o which_o do_v adjoine_v the_o buttock_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o under_o they_o the_o testicle_n appear_v which_o sever_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n out_o of_o this_o into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n final_o the_o four_o ventricle_n succeed_v which_o be_v the_o least_o and_o most_o solid_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o wherein_o say_v some_o the_o animal_n spirit_n receive_v his_o utmost_a perfection_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v make_v in_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la that_o be_v 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the_o begin_n of_o the_o inward_a so_o be_v it_o also_o of_o the_o outward_a sense_n from_o which_o each_o of_o they_o receive_v their_o proper_a vessel_n or_o passage_n together_o with_o their_o faculty_n do_v suffer_v the_o incursion_n of_o species_n or_o image_n resort_v unto_o they_o according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o organ_n the_o eye_n receive_v the_o visible_a form_n the_o care_n the_o audible_a the_o nose_n such_o as_o cast_v a_o odour_n from_o they_o and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n all_o these_o individual_a form_n receive_v by_o the_o sense_n be_v by_o they_o resign_v up_o in_o token_n of_o foealty_n to_o the_o common_a sense_n or_o privy-chamber_n of_o the_o soul_n from_o whence_o they_o receive_v their_o faculty_n and_o then_o out_o of_o those_o form_n the_o soul_n gather_v phantasm_n or_o notion_n do_v either_o lay_v they_o up_o in_o the_o memory_n or_o work_v upon_o they_o by_o discourse_n of_o reason_n final_o we_o attribute_v to_o the_o brain_n the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n or_o motion_n which_o faculty_n together_o with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n differ_v in_o form_n and_o kind_a from_o the_o vital_a and_o prepare_v concoct_v and_o perfect_v in_o his_o ventricle_n and_o substance_n he_o do_v continual_o and_o without_o intermission_n transmit_v through_o the_o same_o nerve_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n to_o supply_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o foresay_a spirit_n which_o be_v make_v either_o by_o action_n or_o by_o passion_n and_o thus_o have_v we_o run_v through_o not_o only_o the_o two_o low_a region_n to_o refresh_v our_o memory_n but_o also_o the_o upper_a wherein_o the_o reader_n may_v have_v such_o a_o taste_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v as_o may_v haply_o make_v he_o savour_v it_o the_o better_a when_o he_o come_v thereto_o and_o so_o we_o proceed_v to_o our_o business_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o name_n situation_n form_n and_o part_n of_o the_o head_n have_v hitherto_o as_o exact_o as_o we_o can_v and_o with_o great_a leisure_n make_v our_o progress_n through_o the_o two_o low_a region_n natural_a and_o vital_a it_o be_v now_o time_n we_o shall_v ascend_v into_o the_o three_o venture_n the_o seat_n &_o very_a residence_n of_o the_o soul_n the_o sacred_a palace_n or_o tower_n of_o pallas_n &_o there_o survey_v her_o royal_a court_n her_o guard_n of_o outward_a sense_n her_o councillor_n of_o state_n and_o all_o their_o equipage_n this_o region_n therefore_o be_v by_o the_o grecian_n call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d &_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d appian_o interpreter_n hold_v it_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d of_o a_o word_n which_o signify_v to_o grow_v dry_a because_o be_v of_o a_o bony_a substance_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v dry_a apollidorus_n derive_v it_o from_o the_o word_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d to_o hide_v or_o cover_v because_o it_o be_v the_o cover_n of_o the_o brain_n other_o because_o there_o head_n the_o name_n of_o the_o head_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o light_n be_v place_v other_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d from_o the_o cavity_n or_o hollowness_n of_o it_o the_o latin_n call_v it_o caput_fw-la because_o from_o hence_o the_o sense_n do_v capere_fw-la initium_fw-la take_v their_o beginning_n there_o be_v a_o double_a acception_n of_o the_o word_n caput_fw-la among_o physician_n one_o strict_a &_o press_v another_o large_a and_o ample_a in_o the_o strict_a signification_n it_o be_v use_v by_o celsus_n out_o of_o hypocrates_n book_n of_o the_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n and_o thus_o describe_v the_o head_n be_v the_o mansion_n and_o sconce_n head_n a_o strict_a signification_n celsus_n description_n of_o the_o head_n of_o the_o brain_n who_o skull_n be_v make_v of_o two_o table_n between_o which_o be_v a_o marrow_n eye_n substance_n call_v diplois_n environ_v with_o caruncle_n and_o small_a vein_n over_o which_o be_v spread_v the_o membrane_n call_v perieranion_n which_o membrane_n be_v cover_v again_o with_o the_o hairy_a scalp_n but_o under_o 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capacity_n because_o it_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o vast_a and_o huge_a bulk_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o brain_n of_o a_o man_n be_v four_o time_n as_o big_a as_o of_o a_o ox_n now_o of_o all_o figure_n the_o round_a figure_n be_v of_o most_o capacity_n witness_v the_o world_n itself_o second_o the_o head_n be_v make_v round_o add_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o it_o may_v be_v less_o subject_a to_o round_o why_o round_o outward_a injury_n nor_o so_o easy_o wound_v for_o this_o figure_n as_o it_o be_v most_o capacious_a so_o be_v it_o the_o strong_a because_o it_o have_v no_o asperity_n whereupon_o a_o blow_n may_v fasten_v but_o be_v every_o where_o alike_o smooth_a have_v no_o point_n whence_o the_o dissolution_n of_o it_o shall_v commence_v three_o the_o head_n be_v round_o for_o his_o better_a motion_n that_o it_o may_v be_v speedy_o and_o easy_o turn_v to_o every_o side_n the_o platomist_n
the_o form_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o use_v it_o be_v diverse_o form_v so_o that_o one_o part_n be_v more_o dilate_a another_o more_o angustated_a or_o contract_v therefore_o the_o anatomist_n have_v divide_v it_o into_o certain_a place_n brain_n the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o large_a of_o they_o they_o call_v ventricle_n the_o narrow_a they_o call_v meatus_fw-la or_o passage_n the_o ventricle_n call_v by_o galen_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o ancient_n and_o many_o of_o the_o new_a writer_n also_o follow_v therein_o herophylus_n have_v reckon_v four_o in_o the_o brain_n three_o two_o foreward_n a_o right_a and_o a_o left_a and_o the_o three_o in_o the_o midst_n the_o four_o they_o make_v common_a to_o the_o after-braine_n and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n the_o first_o two_o of_o these_o call_v by_o archangelus_n the_o superior_a because_o they_o hang_v over_o the_o other_o by_o galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n the_o 10_o 11_o and_z 12_o chapter_n and_o diverse_a other_o place_n the_o anterior_a ventricle_n be_v cut_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v the_o large_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n because_o say_v laurentius_n they_o contain_v a_o crass_a spirit_n or_o rather_o abundance_n of_o phelgme_n they_o be_v on_o either_o side_n one_o the_o right_a on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o leave_v on_o the_o left_a alike_o each_o to_o other_o in_o situation_n form_n magnitude_n and_o use_n they_o be_v situate_a length_n wise_a in_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n thereof_o tab._n 9_o fig._n 4_o tab._n 10_o fig._n 5_o i_o fig._n 6_o the_o right_n be_v note_v with_o d_o but_o the_o left_a in_o the_o 9_o table_n and_o the_o 4_o figure_n and_o the_o 10._o table_n and_o the_o five_o figure_n at_o m_n in_o the_o 6._o figure_n at_o e_o whether_o you_o respect_v the_o length_n or_o the_o depth_n of_o it_o in_o their_o fore_n and_o hinder_v part_n they_o be_v broad_a and_o more_o disjoin_v in_o the_o midst_n less_o where_o they_o be_v only_o divide_v by_o that_o thin_a partition_n we_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o former_a chapter_n tab_v 10_o fig._n â_o xx_o yy_a they_o run_v oblique_o or_o semicircular_o say_v archangelus_n tab._n 9_o fig._n 4_o from_z figure_n their_o figure_n l_o to_o m_o for_o beginning_n about_o the_o temple_n where_o the_o marrow_n begin_v they_o be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o curue_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o marrow_n and_o at_o the_o region_n of_o the_o ear_n they_o be_v bend_v again_o and_o so_o seem_v to_o make_v two_o semicircle_n they_o be_v long_o wind_a &_o somewhat_o large_a their_o forepart_n be_v blunt_a and_o round_o tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o and_o tab_v 10_o fig._n 5_o l_o and_o the_o low_a m_n and_o in_o their_o inside_n they_o âânke_v down_o unto_o the_o three_o ventricle_n tab._n 10_o fig._n 5_o under_o s_n t_o v_o and_o in_o the_o 6._o figure_n at_o h_n and_o i_o in_o the_o eleven_o table_n and_o the_o 7_o fig._n at_o h_n whereupon_o some_o who_o have_v not_o diligent_o follow_v their_o curue_v passage_n have_v think_v that_o beside_o these_o two_o there_o be_v other_o two_o ventricle_n in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o have_v make_v up_o the_o number_n of_o six_o ventricle_n but_o we_o esteem_v they_o to_o be_v portion_n of_o these_o upper_a for_o they_o be_v indeed_o large_a than_o usual_o they_o be_v esteem_v backward_o also_o they_o be_v obtuse_a and_o round_a tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o the_o upper_a l_o and_o m_o and_o do_v descend_v by_o degree_n downward_o into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o forward_o be_v straighten_v like_o the_o small_a end_n of_o a_o horn_n and_o so_o creep_v on_o to_o the_o mammillary_a process_n and_o the_o ingress_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n tab_v 11_o fig._n 7_o and_o 8._o f_o g_o and_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n their_o upper_a face_n be_v line_v with_o a_o waterish_a moisture_n and_o they_o be_v often_o find_v full_a they_o the_o water_n in_o they_o thereof_o their_o upper_a part_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o from_z l_o to_o l_o and_z from_o n_n to_o n_n according_o to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v smooth_a and_o equal_a the_o low_a part_n be_v unaequall_a tab_v 10_o fig._n 6_o r_z or_o s_o because_o of_o the_o hollowness_n prepare_v to_o receive_v the_o defluxion_n of_o the_o phelgme_n which_o hollowness_n creep_v oblique_o out_o of_o the_o backepart_n of_o the_o ventricle_n forward_o into_o their_o common_a cavity_n galen_n whether_o they_o be_v line_v with_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la vesalius_n against_o galen_n for_o these_o two_o ventricle_n as_o we_o shall_v say_v by_o and_o by_o do_v determine_v into_o a_o common_a cavity_n galen_n and_o the_o ancient_n after_o he_o do_v write_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o first_o three_o ventricle_n be_v as_o the_o brain_n cover_v with_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la vesalius_n deny_v it_o and_o add_v a_o reason_n for_o say_v he_o if_o the_o ventricle_n be_v line_v within_o the_o membrane_n will_v hinder_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n from_o work_v the_o matter_n convey_v into_o they_o into_o animal_n spirit_n but_o columbus_n and_o archangelus_n side_n with_o galen_n against_o he_o and_o archangelus_n think_v that_o the_o septum_fw-la lucidum_fw-la be_v make_v of_o the_o duplication_n of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la after_o it_o have_v invest_v these_o ventricle_n we_o leave_v this_o to_o be_v far_o scan_v by_o the_o curious_a dissector_n sure_o we_o be_v that_o that_o which_o be_v call_v plexus_fw-la chorides_n lie_v upon_o they_o from_o whence_o small_a vein_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 4_o pp_n tab_v 10_o fig._n 5_o n_z figure_n 6_o oo_z be_v derive_v which_o grow_v in_o the_o forepart_n to_o their_o substance_n like_v unto_o those_o which_o run_v through_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o eye_n call_v tunica_n adnata_fw-la archangelus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la be_v itself_o of_o exquisite_a sense_n may_v by_o mean_n of_o these_o small_a vein_n suffer_v inflammation_n whence_o come_v those_o deep_a pain_n which_o be_v sometime_o feel_v in_o the_o centre_n head_n the_o cause_n of_o deep_a pain_n in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o indeed_o galen_n make_v express_v mention_n both_o of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la compass_v their_o cavity_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o as_o also_o of_o these_o vein_n which_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o the_o ventricle_n in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o chapter_n of_o the_o 9_o book_n of_o his_o anatomicall_a administration_n so_o that_o archangelus_n do_v but_o gather_v the_o conclusion_n out_o of_o galens_n praemise_n it_o behoove_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 10._o chapter_n that_o galen_n why_o two_o ventricle_n out_o of_o galen_n there_o shall_v be_v two_o of_o these_o ventricle_n because_o the_o brain_n and_o every_o organ_n of_o sense_n be_v double_a for_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a cause_n of_o all_o those_o double_a organ_n that_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v violate_v the_o other_o may_v serve_v the_o turn_n and_o this_o he_o proove_v by_o a_o instance_n of_o a_o young_a man_n of_o smyrna_n who_o be_v wound_v into_o one_o of_o these_o ventricle_n and_o yet_o cite_v a_o story_n by_o he_o cite_v escape_v but_o say_v he_o if_o both_o of_o they_o have_v be_v wound_v he_o can_v not_o have_v live_v a_o moment_n of_o time_n vesalius_n as_o he_o be_v a_o importunate_a adversary_n of_o galens_n the_o less_o his_o thank_n reprove_v he_o reason_n vesalius_n oppugn_v he_o not_o without_o some_o reason_n for_o this_o allege_v that_o though_o the_o brain_n be_v part_v into_o two_o yet_o it_o be_v again_o unite_a before_o the_o ventricle_n be_v form_v therein_o and_o to_o say_v truth_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o conceive_v how_o one_o ventricle_n shall_v be_v wound_v and_o the_o other_o not_o violate_v consider_v the_o thinness_n of_o the_o menbrane_n or_o partition_n that_o part_v they_o and_o beside_o the_o common_a cavity_n whereinto_o they_o both_o determine_v but_o experience_n often_o assure_v we_o of_o that_o which_o mere_a reason_n and_o discourse_n will_v not_o allow_v of_o or_o subscribe_v unto_o the_o use_n of_o these_o ventricle_n be_v according_a to_o galen_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n galen_n the_o use_n of_o these_o ventritricle_n galen_n chap._n 10._o and_o 11._o that_o of_o the_o air_n which_o we_o draw_v in_o convey_v into_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_v &_o of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n ascend_v from_o the_o hart_n by_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n the_o animal_n spirit_n prepare_v before_o in_o plexu_fw-la choroide_v might_n in_o those_o ventricle_n be_v perfect_v
large_a and_o ample_a tab._n 12_o fig._n 11_o e_o fig._n 12_o b_o but_o after_o be_v straighten_v into_o a_o pipe_n till_o it_o end_v in_o a_o long_a fistule_n or_o quill_n weave_v with_o small_a but_o many_o vein_n which_o through_o a_o proper_a hole_n tab._n 12._o fig._n 11_o f_o make_v for_o it_o in_o the_o dura_n matter_n descend_v and_o determine_v into_o the_o pine-glandule_a this_o passage_n by_o galen_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o of_o anatomicall_a administration_n and_o the_o three_o chapter_n as_o also_o by_o many_o that_o have_v follow_v he_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d peluis_fw-la the_o basin_n he_o call_v it_o also_o in_o the_o place_n before_o name_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d infundibulum_fw-la the_o tunnell_n because_o in_o the_o top_n it_o serve_v as_o a_o tunnel_n top_n to_o admit_v the_o humour_n name_n his_o name_n and_o in_o the_o bottom_n like_o the_o pipe_n to_o let_v it_o out_o for_o by_o this_o the_o thick_a excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n store_v up_o in_o the_o ventricle_n be_v receive_v and_o transmit_v to_o the_o phlegmatic_a glandule_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v speak_v by_o and_o by_o vesalius_n make_v the_o upper_a part_n to_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d and_o compare_v it_o to_o a_o bathe_a tub_n such_o as_o they_o use_v in_o hot_a house_n the_o nether_a part_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d which_o can_v be_v better_a compare_v then_o to_o the_o pipe_n of_o a_o tunnell_n such_o as_o they_o vesalius_n vesalius_n run_v beer_n with_o concern_v the_o use_n all_o anatomist_n do_v agree_v but_o laurentius_n methinks_v for_o the_o fashion_n and_o the_o use_n compare_v it_o best_o to_o such_o a_o bag_n as_o we_o call_v manica_fw-la hippocratis_fw-la in_o english_a common_o a_o hippoccas_n bag_n because_o through_o it_o they_o run_v hippoccas_n which_o be_v call_v hip._n wine_n next_o to_o the_o basin_n follow_v the_o phlegmatic_a glandule_n galen_n in_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o the_o three_o chapter_n call_v it_o simple_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v a_o glandule_n the_o seat_n of_o it_o pituitaria_fw-la glandula_n pituitaria_fw-la be_v under_o and_o without_o the_o meninge_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tunnell_n in_o the_o saddle_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n for_o this_o saddle_n or_o bosom_n of_o the_o bone_n be_v purposely_o make_v to_o receive_v this_o glandule_n and_o therefore_o the_o form_n of_o they_o both_o differ_v little_a for_o it_o be_v flat_a hollow_a above_o gibbous_a below_o and_o almost_o four_o square_a the_o substance_n be_v glandulous_a but_o yet_o more_o compact_a substance_n his_o substance_n and_o hard_a than_o other_o glandule_n thick_a it_o be_v and_o compass_v about_o with_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la haply_o with_o that_o part_n thereof_o which_o make_v the_o tunnell_n and_o by_o this_o membrane_n it_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o bone_n and_o lean_v to_o two_o branch_n of_o the_o soporary_a artery_n call_v carotides_n which_o creep_v up_o by_o the_o side_n thereof_o table_n 12_o fig._n 12._o cdef_n this_o glandule_n receive_v the_o excrement_n in_o use_v use_v manner_n of_o a_o sponge_n as_o they_o fall_v from_o the_o brain_n which_o excrement_n it_o not_o only_o empti_v into_o the_o palate_n but_o also_o some_o fall_v down_o by_o his_o side_n through_o those_o hole_n which_o be_v bore_v in_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o skull_n neither_o be_v hippoc._n ignorant_a hereof_o who_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la &_o de_fw-la locis_fw-la in_o omine_fw-la say_v that_o humour_n fall_v out_o of_o the_o head_n through_o the_o ear_n the_o eye_n the_o nose_n other_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n by_o the_o palate_n into_o the_o throat_n &_o the_o gullet_n some_o also_o through_o the_o vein_n into_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n and_o into_o the_o blood_n that_o be_v 7._o way_n for_o at_o the_o side_n of_o this_o glandule_n there_o be_v bore_v two_o hole_n in_o the_o bone_n which_o descend_v one_o forward_o end_v in_o that_o hole_n where_o through_o the_o 2._o pair_n of_o sinew_n be_v lead_v the_o other_o descend_v more_o backward_a and_o pass_v by_o the_o sharp_a cleave_v at_o the_o side_n of_o that_o hole_n through_o which_o that_o notable_a branch_n of_o the_o soporary_a artery_n ascend_v into_o the_o scull_n of_o which_o outlet_n we_o shall_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o these_o be_v the_o way_n by_o which_o the_o phelgme_n be_v evacuate_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o brain_n be_v great_a and_o large_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o much_o aliment_n and_o because_o it_o be_v very_o moist_a &_o not_o very_o hot_a out_o of_o that_o much_o aliment_n many_o excrement_n do_v arise_v &_o be_v gather_v therein_o which_o excrement_n be_v of_o two_o kind_n thin_a and_o thick_a the_o thin_a do_v vapour_n out_o through_o the_o suture_n the_o thick_a be_v evacuate_v partly_o by_o the_o nostril_n as_o we_o have_v say_v already_o partly_o by_o the_o palate_n for_o those_o that_o arise_v above_o the_o ventricles_n and_o be_v stable_v in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v purge_v by_o the_o foreward_n hole_n and_o the_o nose_n and_o be_v call_v mucus_fw-la we_o give_v it_o a_o homely_a name_n but_o proper_a to_o it_o and_o call_v it_o snot_n but_o those_o that_o be_v gather_v in_o the_o ventricle_n do_v most_o what_o descend_v to_o the_o tunnell_n and_o be_v avoid_v by_o the_o palate_n either_o by_o simple_a spit_v which_o we_o call_v rheum_n or_o else_o by_o ercreation_n or_o hawk_v which_o we_o call_v phelgme_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o glandule_n &_o use_n thereof_o the_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la or_o wonderful_a net_n which_o galen_n in_o the_o 9_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n &_o net_n wonderful_a net_n the_o three_o chapter_n call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d tab._n 13_o fig._n 14_o that_o be_v the_o net_n like_o complication_n have_v his_o name_n from_o the_o artificial_a figure_n for_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o soporary_a artery_n tab_v 13_o fig._n 14._o a_o b_o which_o arise_v upward_o from_o the_o heart_n through_o the_o chest_n climb_v unto_o the_o head_n make_v whereof_o make_v and_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n near_o the_o original_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n do_v make_v this_o web_n or_o net_n this_o net_n compass_v the_o glandule_n tab._n 13_o fig._n 14_o â_o at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o saddle_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n and_o be_v not_o like_o a_o simple_a net_n but_o as_o if_o you_o shall_v lay_v many_o fisher_n net_n it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o one_o above_o another_o wherein_o this_o be_v admirable_a that_o the_o replication_n of_o one_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o replication_n of_o another_o so_o that_o you_o can_v separate_v the_o net_n asunder_o but_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o so_o wrought_v into_o one_o another_o as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o body_n of_o net_n mesh_v together_o not_o into_o breadth_n only_o but_o even_o into_o thickness_n also_o in_o these_o according_a to_o galen_n the_o animal_n spirit_n make_v long_o stay_v which_o have_v for_o this_o proper_a and_o immediate_a matter_n the_o vital_a spirit_n raise_v up_o in_o the_o artery_n and_o here_o wrought_v into_o animal_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o 9_o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o four_o chapter_n where_o nature_n intend_v exact_o to_o form_v any_o thing_n she_o provide_v that_o it_o shall_v remain_v some_o good_a space_n in_o the_o instrument_n of_o concoction_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v prepare_v in_o these_o small_a artery_n and_o some_o archangelus_n for_o instance_n that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v inchoat_v here_o and_o perfect_v in_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v that_o have_v receive_v their_o power_n and_o efficacy_n from_o the_o brain_n &_o the_o marrow_n thereof_o they_o may_v issue_n into_o the_o ventricle_n and_o there_o be_v store_v up_o for_o use_n vesalius_n affirm_v that_o this_o wonderful_a net_n be_v only_o find_v in_o the_o head_n of_o beast_n but_o we_o say_v bauhine_v have_v be_v able_a to_o make_v demonstration_n of_o it_o in_o all_o the_o man_n head_n we_o vesalius_n bauhine_v vesalius_n have_v hitherto_o cut_v up_o although_o we_o confess_v that_o in_o calf_n and_o ox_n it_o be_v much_o great_a &_o more_o conspicuous_a now_o these_o three_o particle_n the_o tunnell_n the_o glandule_n and_o the_o net_n can_v be_v demonstrate_v before_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o after-braine_n be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o 2._o part_n the_o way_n how_o to_o demostrate_v these_o part_n latter_o not_o before_o the_o dura_n meninx_n be_v dissect_v final_o before_o you_o make_v demonstration_n of_o these_o
three_o you_o must_v show_v the_o spectator_n the_o mamillary_a process_n and_o the_o pair_n or_o coniugation_n of_o the_o sinew_n which_o otherwise_o in_o the_o search_n for_o these_o will_v be_v deface_v table_n 13._o figure_n 13._o exhibit_v the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o their_o distribution_n especial_o through_o the_o right_a side_n whither_o they_o proceed_v from_o the_o internal_a jugular_a vein_n or_o from_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n or_o from_o the_o sinus_fw-la of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n figure_n 14._o show_v the_o wonderful_a net_n as_o galen_n describe_v it_o figure_n 15._o show_v the_o pituitary_a glandule_n with_o the_o basin_n and_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n figure_n 16._o show_v the_o retemirabile_a or_o wonderful_a net_n together_o with_o the_o glandule_n as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o head_n of_o calf_n and_o oxen._n tabula_fw-la xiii_o fig_n xiii_o fourteen_o xv_o xvi_o a_o a_o branch_n attain_v to_o the_o right_a ventricle_n â_o the_o complication_n of_o vessel_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v form_v on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o branch_n mark_v with_o a._n fig._n 14_o a_o b_o artery_n climb_v the_o scull_n and_o make_v this_o wonderful_a net_n cd_o branch_n into_o which_o the_o surcle_n of_o that_o net_n be_v joinedin_fw-mi to_o e_z the_o pituitaryglandule_n or_o kernel_n of_o phlegm_n fig_n 15._o a_o the_o glandule_n receive_v the_o basin_n b_o the_o basin_n itself_o or_o if_o you_o will_v the_o tunnel_n call_v peluis_fw-la or_o infundibulum_fw-la cc_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n d_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o artery_n go_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o dura_n meninx_n e_o another_o branch_n of_o the_o same_o artery_n go_v to_o the_o nostril_n ff_o a_o artery_n in_o one_o side_n divide_v into_o 2_o branch_n but_o in_o the_o other_o side_n meet_v together_o again_o g_o a_o partition_n of_o the_o artery_n creep_v through_o the_o durameninx_n h_n another_o branch_n which_o get_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n and_o reach_v to_o the_o eye_n figure_n 16_o a_o the_o petuitary_a glandule_n b_o c._n the_o sleepye_a artery_n go_v into_o the_o scull_n d_o d._n the_o wonderful_a brain_n net_n the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o the_o 7._o chapter_n write_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v make_v as_o a_o common_a good_a for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o whole_a creature_n to_o temper_v the_o fervour_n and_o heat_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o opinion_n because_o it_o be_v sufficient_o refute_v by_o galen_n in_o his_o 3._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o second_o chapter_n we_o will_v not_o insist_v long_o upon_o it_o only_o these_o two_o thing_n we_o open_v first_o that_o the_o heart_n be_v sufficient_o refrigerated_a by_o our_o perpetual_a inspiration_n and_o expiration_n second_o that_o if_o nature_n have_v intend_v the_o brain_n to_o cool_v the_o heart_n she_o will_v not_o have_v set_v they_o so_o far_o distant_a but_o place_v it_o either_o about_o the_o heart_n or_o at_o least_o in_o the_o chest_n as_o well_o therefore_o may_v he_o have_v say_v that_o the_o heel_n be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o heart_n as_o the_o brain_n wherefore_o we_o determine_v the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o be_v first_o for_o a_o habitation_n for_o the_o soul_n whereby_o she_o perform_v her_o animal_n function_n as_o well_o those_o that_o be_v principal_a as_o also_o diverse_a diverse_a those_o of_o sense_n and_o motion_n second_o that_o in_o the_o substance_n thereof_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v labour_v therein_o convey_v and_o from_o thence_o derive_v into_o the_o body_n for_o so_o say_v galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o 13._o chapter_n and_o the_o 9_o book_n and_o the_o galen_n galen_n 4._o chapter_n in_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o animal_n spirit_n wrought_v and_o reserve_v not_o only_o in_o the_o ventricle_n and_o in_o his_o 12._o book_n of_o method_n the_o 5._o chapter_n &_o the_o three_o de_fw-fr locis_fw-la affect_n be_v and_o the_o 7._o speak_v of_o the_o fall_a sickness_n he_o say_v it_o be_v cause_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o humour_n hinder_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o ventricle_n that_o they_o can_v issue_n out_o three_o that_o the_o nerve_n and_o spinall_a marrow_n may_v proceed_v from_o the_o marrow_n thereof_o which_o be_v so_o manifest_a as_o we_o need_v not_o cite_v the_o place_n of_o galen_n to_o prove_v it_o for_o the_o nerve_n receive_v from_o the_o brain_n as_o from_o a_o principle_n as_o we_o say_v á_fw-fr quo_fw-la and_o of_o dispensation_n the_o animal_n virtue_n and_o sensative_a soul_n which_o do_v reside_v in_o his_o substance_n and_o do_v distribute_v the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n into_o the_o organ_n or_o instrument_n of_o sense_n &_o motion_n as_o it_o be_v through_o channel_n have_v in_o they_o the_o animal_n spirit_n to_o convey_v the_o same_o faculty_n this_o animal_n spirit_n although_o it_o perform_v many_o service_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o lead_v spirit_n the_o animal_n spirit_n all_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n through_o the_o nerve_n into_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n but_o the_o instrument_n into_o which_o out_o of_o the_o brain_n it_o be_v pour_v into_o the_o nerve_n be_v manifold_a wherefore_o if_o they_o run_v into_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o sight_n they_o make_v vision_n if_o into_o the_o ear_n hear_v etc._n etc._n this_o aristotle_n in_o his_o second_o book_n the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la comparison_n aristotle_n comparison_n and_o the_o last_o text_n elegante_o declare_v by_o the_o example_n of_o a_o smith_n hammer_n for_o as_o the_o hammer_n be_v but_o one_o instrument_n yet_o do_v many_o service_n according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o subject_n upon_o which_o it_o work_v so_o be_v the_o spirit_n in_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n administration_n &_o as_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o yet_o appear_v diverse_a if_o they_o light_v upon_o diverse_a color_n so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n although_o it_o be_v devoide_a of_o animal_n motion_n and_o sense_n for_o soul_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n it_o be_v not_o devoide_a of_o natural_a yet_o be_v it_o the_o original_n of_o sense_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n which_o we_o may_v better_o perceive_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o disease_n which_o we_o call_v the_o apoplexy_n for_o those_o that_o be_v apoplecticall_a although_o all_o their_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v perfect_a yet_o because_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v intercept_v they_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o for_o the_o original_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v total_o stop_v all_o the_o part_n under_o it_o do_v loose_a do_v sense_n and_o motion_n so_o also_o if_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v convey_v to_o any_o part_n be_v obstruct_v that_o part_n be_v deprive_v of_o sense_n &_o sense_n animal_n motion_n &_o sense_n motion_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o seat_n and_o residence_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o the_o fountain_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o sense_n because_o it_o receive_v the_o impression_n of_o all_o sensible_a thing_n of_o motion_n because_o it_o dispense_v the_o knowledge_n of_o avoid_v that_o which_o be_v hurtful_a and_o desire_v to_o follow_v after_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a and_o behooveful_a as_o for_o natural_a sense_n and_o motion_n there_o be_v a_o great_a question_n whether_o the_o brain_n have_v they_o sense_n natural_a sense_n or_o no_o and_o first_o for_o sense_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vulneribus_fw-la capitis_fw-la say_v that_o the_o brain_n have_v present_a and_o exquisite_a sense_n about_o the_o sinciput_fw-la or_o side_n of_o the_o head_n because_o in_o this_o place_n the_o bone_n be_v the_o thin_a and_o most_o of_o the_o brain_n be_v there_o contain_v beside_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o head_n be_v there_o thin_a also_o moreover_o say_v he_o the_o disease_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o most_o acute_a and_o dangerous_a yea_o for_o the_o most_o part_n mortal_a and_o hard_a to_o be_v judge_v of_o by_o those_o that_o be_v not_o very_o well_o experience_v galen_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o symptom_n and_o the_o 8._o chapter_n say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o make_v by_o nature_n a_o instrument_n with_o sense_n but_o so_o that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v or_o galen_n galen_n perceive_v all_o those_o thing_n by_o which_o it_o suffer_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v the_o brain_n be_v not_o make_v to_o be_v a_o particular_a instrument_n of_o sense_n so_o as_o it_o can_v perceive_v
or_o apprehend_v colour_n only_o as_o the_o eye_n savour_v only_o as_o the_o tongue_n &c_n &c_n but_o it_o be_v a_o common_a instrument_n of_o sensation_n discern_v colour_n savour_n smell_n sound_n and_o tactile_a quality_n and_o in_o a_o word_n all_o sensible_a object_n wherefore_o the_o brain_n feel_v universal_o whatsoever_o be_v offer_v unto_o it_o not_o with_o choice_n as_o the_o eye_n which_o receive_v not_o the_o sound_n but_o only_o his_o own_o object_n and_o so_o in_o the_o rest_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o the_o natural_a sense_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v none_o at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o so_o weak_a and_o dull_a as_o it_o be_v hardly_o perceive_v for_o in_o his_o substance_n there_o be_v rather_o a_o faculty_n of_o touch_v then_o a_o instrument_n of_o touch._n fernelius_n think_v that_o all_o motion_n be_v from_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o all_o sense_n from_o this_o fernelius_n his_o philosophy_n about_o this_o his_o membrane_n because_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v perpetual_o move_v but_o have_v no_o feel_n at_o all_o on_o the_o other_o side_n his_o membrane_n be_v of_o themselves_o immovable_a especial_o the_o dura_n mater_fw-la but_o feel_v very_o exact_o so_o in_o the_o lethargy_n or_o frenzy_n which_o be_v disease_n of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v no_o pain_n at_o all_o but_o if_o a_o sharp_a vapour_n or_o humour_n be_v raise_v up_o unto_o the_o meninge_n then_o grievous_a pain_n follow_v moreover_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o all_o the_o nerve_n have_v their_o marrow_n from_o the_o brain_n &_o that_o cover_v with_o the_o meninge_n all_o which_o have_v the_o same_o and_o no_o other_o power_n or_o faculty_n then_o what_o they_o receive_v from_o their_o original_n wherefore_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o sense_n the_o hinder_a part_n of_o motion_n but_o of_o touch_v the_o meninge_n or_o membrane_n be_v the_o original_n those_o nerve_n which_o be_v full_a of_o marrow_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o motion_n of_o touch_v those_o who_o great_a part_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o meninge_n and_o this_o be_v fernelius_n his_o philosophy_n concern_v this_o point_n but_o how_o consonant_n to_o reason_n we_o shall_v see_v afterward_o concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n great_a difference_n there_o be_v among_o author_n galen_n in_o his_o 8._o book_n of_o the_o use_n of_o part_n and_o the_o second_o chapter_n say_v it_o have_v perpetual_a motion_n brain_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n vesalius_n deny_v it_o answer_v his_o argument_n &_o add_v that_o he_o can_v never_o perceive_v any_o such_o galen_n vesalius_n against_o galen_n motion_n either_o in_o great_a wound_n of_o the_o head_n or_o which_o be_v more_o in_o his_o dissection_n of_o live_a creature_n fallopius_n halt_v in_o this_o point_n he_o say_v it_o but_o he_o dare_v not_o avouch_v it_o platerus_n think_v that_o those_o that_o say_v it_o move_v mistake_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o three_o sinus_n which_o beat_v like_o a_o artery_n columbus_n archangelus_n and_o laurentius_n do_v all_o consent_n that_o it_o move_v continual_o and_o instance_n in_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n laurentius_n laurentius_n laurentius_n be_v so_o confident_a that_o he_o say_v he_o be_v a_o mad_a man_n and_o want_n his_o sense_n that_o will_v deny_v it_o to_o resolve_v upon_o somewhat_o among_o so_o many_o opinion_n we_o think_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o move_v by_o any_o animal_n or_o voluntary_a motion_n but_o by_o a_o natural_a and_o that_o double_a one_o proper_a of_o his_o own_o another_o from_o the_o artery_n albeit_o this_o last_o archangelus_n do_v deny_v because_o those_o of_o what_o we_o resolve_v of_o artery_n that_o run_v above_o be_v too_o small_a but_o those_o that_o be_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brain_n much_o less_o yet_o it_o give_v the_o power_n of_o voluntary_a motion_n to_o other_o part_n this_o motion_n be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o generation_n nourishment_n and_o expurgation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n for_o it_o be_v dilate_v and_o again_o constringed_a as_o may_v be_v see_v motion_n the_o use_n of_o the_o motion_n in_o wound_n of_o the_o head_n where_o a_o notable_a part_n of_o the_o scull_n be_v take_v away_o as_o also_o of_o the_o membrane_n say_v bauhine_v and_o in_o child_n new_a bear_v in_o the_o mould_n the_o brain_n be_v so_o manifest_o discern_v how_o the_o motion_n be_v discern_v see_v to_o beat_v and_o pant_v that_o even_o the_o bone_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v very_o soft_a be_v move_v therewith_o when_o it_o be_v dilate_v it_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la some_o say_v out_o of_o the_o wonderful_a net_n or_o web_n of_o the_o soporarte_n artery_n vital_a spirit_n and_o air_n by_o the_o nostril_n for_o the_o restauration_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n &_o when_o it_o contract_v itself_o it_o drive_v out_o the_o animal_n spirit_n labour_v in_o his_o substance_n through_o the_o nerve_n as_o through_o spirit_n the_o animal_n spirit_n pipe_n and_o canal_n into_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n and_o motion_n or_o as_o archangelus_n have_v it_o out_o of_o the_o foreward_n ventricle_n be_v contract_v into_o the_o three_o and_o four_o and_o so_o into_o the_o organ_n aforesaid_a which_o spirit_n when_o they_o arrive_v in_o the_o particular_a part_n they_o nourish_v the_o animal_n spirit_n breed_v and_o fix_v in_o those_o part_n for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n flow_v through_o the_o nerve_n into_o all_o the_o part_n not_o only_o to_o be_v the_o convayer_n of_o the_o sensative_a and_o move_a soul_n but_o also_o to_o give_v nourishment_n to_o the_o animal_n spirit_n fix_v in_o the_o part_n and_o this_o spirit_n be_v the_o medium_n or_o mean_a by_o which_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o all_o his_o faculty_n which_o be_v incorporeal_a be_v join_v with_o the_o body_n the_o outward_a part_n because_o their_o instrument_n be_v far_o off_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o nerve_n as_o it_o be_v channel_n through_o which_o the_o animal_n spirit_n accompany_v by_o the_o vital_a as_o it_o be_v by_o guide_n may_v be_v convey_v but_o the_o inward_a part_n because_o their_o instrument_n be_v near_o and_o at_o hand_n need_v no_o nerve_n but_o receive_v the_o same_o by_o blind_a and_o invisible_a byway_n yet_o guide_v by_o the_o same_o vital_a spirit_n we_o have_v also_o say_v that_o at_o the_o entrance_n into_o and_o at_o the_o out-gate_n from_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v archangelus_n a_o witty_a conceit_n of_o archangelus_n certain_a value_v or_o floodgate_n set_v and_o their_o use_n we_o have_v allot_v now_o archangelus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o buttock_n and_o pine-glandule_a of_o the_o brain_n do_v here_o the_o same_o office_n that_o the_o value_n do_v in_o the_o heart_n for_o say_v he_o in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o way_n out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n into_o the_o four_o close_v itself_o and_o beside_o be_v shut_v up_o by_o the_o glandule_n fall_v between_o the_o buttock_n that_o no_o part_n of_o the_o spirit_n can_v return_v out_o of_o the_o four_o ventricle_n into_o the_o three_o on_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o contraction_n the_o glandule_n be_v lift_v up_o and_o the_o buttock_n be_v divide_v and_o so_o away_o be_v make_v for_o the_o animal_n spirit_n to_o flow_v out_o of_o the_o three_o ventricle_n into_o the_o four_o concern_v the_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n especial_o spirit_n diverse_a opinion_n of_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n seven_o one_o of_o galen_n another_o of_o vesalius_n a_o three_o of_o columbus_n a_o four_o of_o argenterius_n a_o five_o of_o archangelus_n a_o sixth_o of_o laurentius_n and_o a_o seave_v of_o varolius_n to_o which_o bauhine_n our_o author_n subscribe_v galens_n opinion_n be_v that_o they_o be_v make_v of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n bring_v by_o the_o soporarie_a artery_n galens_n galens_n and_o of_o air_n breathe_v in_o marry_o as_o for_o the_o place_n of_o their_o generation_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v altogether_o uncertain_a for_o sometime_o he_o assign_v the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v sometime_o the_o ventricle_n sometime_o the_o substance_n and_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n vesalius_n say_v they_o be_v labour_v in_o the_o right_n and_o left_a ventricle_n by_o a_o power_n and_o efficacy_n vesalius_n vesalius_n receive_v from_o the_o brain_n and_o have_v for_o their_o matter_n vital_a spirit_n from_o the_o heart_n &_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o inspiration_n ascend_v through_o the_o three_o ventricle_n columbus_n say_v they_o be_v make_v of_o air_n draw_v by_o the_o nostril_n and_o alter_v in_o the_o cavity_n columbus_n columbus_n of_o the_o forehead_n bone_n and_o the_o wedgebone_n and_o carry_v through_o
the_o pore_n of_o the_o spungy_a bone_n to_o the_o forward_a ventricle_n where_o it_o meet_v with_o the_o vital_a spirit_n send_v upward_o from_o the_o hart_n by_o the_o soporarie_a artery_n &_o pour_v into_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v which_o be_v in_o the_o ventricle_n both_o which_o spirit_n and_o air_n say_v he_o by_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o this_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v be_v exact_o mingle_v and_o of_o they_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v in_o that_o plexus_fw-la choroide_n which_o be_v in_o the_o ventricle_n and_o this_o he_o say_v be_v his_o own_o invention_n argenterius_n will_v have_v but_o one_o influent_a or_o moovable_a spirit_n beside_o the_o fix_a spirit_n of_o argenterius_fw-la argenterius_fw-la the_o particular_a part_n who_o argument_n shall_v be_v sufficient_o answer_v in_o our_o controversy_n by_o laurentius_n archangelus_n opinion_n be_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v make_v of_o the_o vital_a change_v by_o many_o archangelus_n archangelus_n exagitation_n and_o alteration_n by_o the_o artery_n which_o make_v the_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la and_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v but_o receive_v his_o uttermost_a perfection_n in_o and_o by_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n &_o so_o become_v a_o convenient_a vehicle_n of_o the_o sensative_a soul_n the_o process_n of_o which_o generation_n he_o say_v be_v after_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v a_o inchoation_n or_o beginning_n make_v in_o the_o retemirabile_fw-la but_o the_o plenary_a perfection_n be_v in_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v yet_o that_o from_o a_o power_n or_o faculty_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o which_o alone_o such_o power_n reside_v be_v so_o perfect_v they_o be_v pour_v out_o into_o the_o ventricle_n which_o add_v nothing_o to_o their_o generation_n as_o into_o storehouse_n or_o place_n of_o receipt_n where_o they_o be_v keep_v to_o be_v transport_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n laurentius_n thus_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n and_o the_o air_n breathe_v laurentius_n laurentius_n in_o who_o preparation_n be_v in_o the_o labyrinthian_a web_n of_o the_o small_a artery_n &_o in_o the_o upper_a or_o forward_a ventricle_n but_o they_o receive_v a_o far_a elaboration_n in_o the_o three_o ventricle_n and_o their_o perfection_n in_o the_o four_o and_o from_o thence_o by_o the_o nerve_n be_v diffuse_v into_o the_o whole_a body_n but_o he_o reprehend_v those_o that_o avouch_v that_o this_o spirit_n receive_v his_o form_n and_o specifical_a difference_n in_o the_o web_n before_o name_v final_o varolius_n and_o with_o he_o bauhine_v and_o we_o with_o they_o will_v resolve_v first_o for_o their_o matter_n that_o it_o be_v arterial_a blood_n abundant_o fulfil_v with_o vital_a spirit_n and_o air_n draw_v in_o by_o the_o of_o varolius_fw-la what_o we_o resolve_v of_o nostril_n for_o the_o manner_n we_o say_v it_o be_v thus_o the_o spirituous_a and_o thin_a blood_n be_v send_v up_o from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o soporarie_a artery_n unto_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v pour_v out_o into_o the_o sinus_n of_o the_o dura_fw-la mater_fw-la while_o they_o be_v dilate_v as_o be_v venal_a blood_n out_o of_o the_o vein_n with_o this_o be_v mingle_v air_n draw_v by_o inspiration_n through_o the_o nostril_n and_o arrive_v into_o the_o brain_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o spungy_a bone_n these_o substance_n thus_o mingle_v and_o mix_v in_o the_o vessel_n bauhine_v bauhine_v while_o they_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o convolution_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v alter_v and_o prepare_v purge_v also_o from_o phlegmatic_a excrement_n which_o whilst_o it_o nourish_v the_o brain_n the_o more_o subtle_a part_n be_v transfuse_v into_o his_o substance_n and_o there_o that_o be_v in_o the_o marrowy_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n it_o be_v labour_v into_o a_o most_o subtle_a animal_n spirit_n and_o so_o be_v from_o thence_o by_o the_o same_o passage_n return_v and_o communicate_v to_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o to_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n neither_o say_v varolius_n be_v it_o necessary_a that_o these_o spirit_n shall_v have_v any_o cavity_n to_o be_v labour_v in_o and_o he_o show_v it_o by_o a_o example_n when_o we_o shut_v one_o eye_n the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o a_o moment_n return_v unto_o the_o other_o so_o that_o it_o dilate_v the_o ball_n or_o pupil_n of_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o be_v there_o no_o manifest_a passage_n between_o they_o save_v those_o insensible_a poââs_n which_o be_v in_o every_o nerve_n and_o also_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o hereunto_o subscribe_v also_o platerus_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o common_a opinion_n say_v he_o be_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v and_o contain_v in_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v which_o i_o can_v approve_v as_o well_o because_o platerus_n platerus_n these_o vessel_n be_v so_o very_o small_a as_o also_o because_o so_o many_o excrement_n of_o the_o brain_n fall_v through_o the_o ventricle_n i_o think_v therefore_o that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n so_o that_o the_o brain_n be_v never_o without_o animal_n spirit_n neither_o can_v the_o animal_n spirit_n subsist_v in_o any_o part_n without_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o what_o else_o be_v the_o inward_a substance_n of_o every_o nerve_n but_o a_o kind_n of_o production_n of_o the_o brain_n compass_v about_o with_o a_o production_n also_o of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o same_o and_o thus_o much_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o use_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o after-braine_n or_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la chap._n xiiii_o of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o after-braine_n that_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o brain_n &_o after-braine_n we_o have_v already_o show_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o division_n varollius_n take_v to_o be_v this_o whereas_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o sense_n there_o be_v two_o chief_a differ_v much_o the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o yet_o both_o of_o they_o so_o immediate_o serviceable_a to_o the_o understanding_n that_o they_o can_v be_v substitute_v one_o for_o the_o other_o whereof_o one_o belong_v to_o the_o sight_n the_o other_o to_o the_o hear_v and_o because_o there_o brain_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v require_v to_o the_o perfection_n of_o sight_n the_o mediation_n of_o a_o moist_a and_o waterish_a body_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o eye_n therefore_o for_o their_o behoof_n especial_o and_o of_o the_o visible_a species_n which_o they_o admit_v that_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v make_v which_o be_v the_o soft_a and_o so_o great_a that_o it_o fill_v almost_o the_o whole_a scull_n and_o this_o be_v call_v proper_o cerebrum_fw-la or_o the_o brain_n but_o because_o those_o species_n which_o be_v apprehend_v by_o sound_n or_o resound_v do_v require_v a_o kind_n of_o dryness_n in_o their_o organ_n as_o hypocrates_n excellent_o acknowledge_v for_o where_o there_o be_v only_a moisture_n there_o be_v little_a or_o no_o resonance_n at_o all_o therefore_o under_o the_o brain_n in_o the_o backepart_n of_o the_o head_n there_o be_v ordain_v and_o situate_v a_o lesser_a and_o fast_a portion_n which_o they_o call_v cerebellum_fw-la we_o the_o after-braine_n which_o as_o it_o be_v true_o hard_a than_o the_o brain_n itself_o so_o be_v it_o consequent_o dry_a and_o this_o be_v galens_n opinion_n in_o the_o 6._o chapter_n of_o his_o 8._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la where_o galen_n galen_n he_o say_v that_o therefore_o it_o be_v hard_a than_o the_o brain_n because_o it_o produce_v hard_a nerve_n albeit_o vesalius_n columbus_n and_o archangelus_n will_v not_o admit_v any_o difference_n in_o their_o substance_n vesalius_n vesalius_n wherefore_o the_o brain_n itself_o be_v especial_o make_v for_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o eye_n &_o their_o object_n the_o after-braine_n for_o the_o use_n of_o resound_a species_n or_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v to_o be_v aristotle_n why_o the_o brain_n be_v above_o the_o after_o brain_n the_o after-braine_n aristotle_n represent_v to_o the_o hear_n and_o because_o the_o sight_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o the_o hear_n minister_a unto_o we_o more_o difference_n of_o thing_n therefore_o it_o be_v seat_v above_o the_o brain_n the_o cerebellum_fw-la or_o after-braine_n call_v in_o greek_a ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d and_o by_o aristotle_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v after_o the_o brain_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o private_a and_o small_a brain_n situate_v in_o the_o back_n and_o low_a part_n of_o the_o scull_n under_o the_o brain_n tab._n 11._o fig._n 8._o r_o r_n from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v it_o be_v also_o cover_v with_o both_o the_o meninge_n or_o membrane_n and_o be_v unite_v
if_o this_o answer_n will_v not_o please_v the_o pallate_n i_o will_v say_v with_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o the_o epilepsy_n and_o such_o like_a disease_n do_v proceed_v by_o the_o obstruct_n or_o immure_v dissection_n this_o opinion_n confirm_a by_o dissection_n of_o the_o spitit_n which_o happen_v when_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o spinall_n marrow_n be_v choke_v by_o a_o unnatural_a confluence_n of_o humour_n unto_o it_o and_o this_o opinion_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o dissection_n of_o the_o head_n of_o such_o man_n as_o die_v apoplecticall_a in_o the_o ventricles_n of_o who_o brain_n there_o be_v not_o find_v any_o great_a quantity_n of_o excrement_n than_o be_v common_o find_v in_o other_o man_n furthermore_o they_o object_n that_o in_o the_o epilepsy_n the_o apoplexy_n and_o the_o incubus_n the_o animal_n spirit_n reside_v in_o the_o ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v strangle_v or_o their_o outgate_n hinder_v varolius_n answer_v that_o these_o disease_n happen_v not_o from_o any_o humour_n or_o wind_n attain_v answer_v another_o objection_n answer_v any_o way_n unto_o the_o ventricles_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a quantity_n and_o notable_a thickness_n or_o sudden_a eruption_n wherefore_o even_o as_o the_o excrement_n descend_v by_o the_o pallate_n and_o the_o nose_n do_v not_o offend_v the_o taste_n or_o the_o smell_n if_o they_o pass_v through_o those_o organ_n moderate_o and_o according_a to_o nature_n but_o do_v either_o hinder_v or_o utter_o intercept_v their_o operation_n if_o they_o exceed_v the_o measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o nature_n in_o quantity_n or_o in_o quality_n so_o we_o think_v we_o be_v to_o conceive_v of_o the_o excrement_n accrue_v unto_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n or_o recede_v therefrom_o now_o that_o the_o spirit_n be_v disperse_v through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n we_o prove_v galen_n that_o the_o spirit_n be_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n galen_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o galen_n in_o the_o 13._o chapter_n of_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v in_o great_a quantity_n contain_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n as_o also_o of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la to_o which_o he_o attribute_v the_o original_a or_o beginning_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o therefore_o he_o infer_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o shall_v be_v fill_v with_o the_o abundance_n of_o spirit_n if_o therefore_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la which_o have_v in_o it_o no_o cavity_n at_o all_o do_v yet_o conteyn_a in_o his_o substance_n plenty_n of_o spirit_n which_o flow_v from_o it_o to_o so_o many_o nerve_n remoove_v by_o so_o great_a distance_n therefrom_o why_o may_v we_o not_o believe_v that_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n yea_o a_o great_a deal_n rather_o the_o spirit_n may_v be_v convey_v without_o manifest_a cavity_n out_o of_o the_o brain_n to_o a_o few_o nerve_n and_o those_o not_o far_o distant_a from_o it_o but_o even_o at_o hand_n see_v therefore_o that_o the_o animal_n conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n spirit_n can_v ebb_v and_o flow_v without_o any_o sensible_a passage_n why_o may_v we_o not_o ascribe_v that_o unto_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o other_o have_v ascribe_v unto_o the_o ventricle_n although_o they_o have_v not_o due_o observe_v they_o of_o the_o web_n or_o complication_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v final_o the_o complication_n or_o web_n of_o vessel_n which_o they_o call_v choroide_n or_o the_o net_n which_o choroide_v of_o the_o plexus_fw-la choroide_v be_v in_o the_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n table_n 25._o fig._n 2._o ik_fw-mi seem_v to_o be_v altogether_o glandulous_a or_o kernelly_n so_o that_o both_o in_o substance_n and_o colour_n it_o may_v be_v liken_v to_o the_o pine-glandule_a we_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o 12._o chapter_n yet_o if_o you_o handle_v it_o nice_o and_o mark_v it_o diligent_o you_o snall_n find_v be_v what_o it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o heap_n of_o broad_a and_o long_a membrane_n grow_v out_o of_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la of_o the_o brain_n at_o the_o one_o side_n whereof_o through_o out_o their_o whole_a length_n hang_v a_o little_a thick_a vessel_n full_a of_o excrementitious_a moisture_n through_o which_o exceed_v small_a vessel_n be_v derive_v &_o if_o we_o may_v compare_v little_a thing_n with_o great_a it_o be_v like_o a_o gut_n tie_v unto_o the_o mesentery_n yet_o for_o the_o proportion_n there_o be_v in_o it_o more_o glandule_n then_o in_o the_o mesentery_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n and_o this_o manifest_o appear_v in_o their_o head_n who_o brain_n be_v very_o moist_a &_o therefore_o say_v varolius_n it_o be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o their_o nature_n to_o call_v they_o glandulous_a then_o net-like_a complication_n and_o if_o any_o man_n doubt_v whether_o the_o substance_n of_o they_o be_v such_o as_o we_o have_v say_v we_o remit_v he_o unto_o his_o own_o ocular_a inspection_n there_o be_v no_o argument_n of_o great_a valliditie_n for_o glandulous_a that_o it_o be_v glandulous_a say_v varolius_n in_o all_o carcase_n which_o we_o have_v open_v we_o have_v find_v these_o glandule_n full_a of_o such_o a_o muddy_a moisture_n as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o body_n albeit_o archangelus_n do_v think_v that_o such_o excrement_n be_v only_o find_v in_o disease_a brain_n the_o use_n of_o this_o glandulous_a complication_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o like_o other_o glandule_n it_o may_v complication_n the_o use_n of_o this_o complication_n suck_v up_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o that_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o glandule_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n yea_o hypocrates_n himself_o in_o the_o second_o text_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la prove_v by_o a_o induction_n of_o the_o particular_a glandule_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n that_o when_o the_o body_n abound_v with_o superfluous_a humidity_n it_o be_v thereof_o exonerate_v and_o discharge_v by_o the_o glandule_n yea_o he_o proceed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o say_v that_o the_o whole_a substance_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v glandulous_a now_o concern_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o brain_n of_o which_o in_o this_o new_a demonstration_n or_o dissection_n we_o have_v make_v no_o mention_n you_o must_v conceive_v of_o they_o as_o their_o history_n be_v describe_v before_o but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v desirous_a in_o this_o kind_n of_o section_n to_o demonstrate_v or_o exhibit_v to_o the_o administer_v how_o this_o section_n must_v be_v administer_v spectator_n all_o the_o part_n then_o must_v he_o proceed_v in_o this_o order_n after_o he_o have_v take_v away_o all_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n by_o saw_v they_o through_o the_o length_n above_o and_o beneath_o before_o and_o behind_o he_o must_v first_o make_v demonstration_n of_o the_o sinus_n or_o vessel_n of_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n afterward_o turn_v the_o head_n and_o at_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o brain_n separate_v the_o meninx_n from_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n yet_o must_v he_o leave_v portion_n of_o the_o meninx_n about_o the_o nerve_n that_o they_o be_v not_o break_v for_o than_o you_o can_v follow_v they_o to_o their_o original_n under_o the_o membrane_n which_o invest_v the_o spinall_a marrow_n there_o appear_v a_o texture_n or_o web_n of_o vessel_n diverse_o cross_v one_o another_o which_o they_o common_o call_v retemirabile_a the_o arise_v how_o the_o particular_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n arise_v wonderful_a net_n then_o the_o phlegmatic_a glandule_n come_v in_o sight_n which_o be_v almost_o square_a &_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o tunnel_n which_o be_v situate_v without_o the_o thick_a meninx_n from_o hence_o our_o eye_n pass_v unto_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n and_o the_o marrow_n itself_o which_o be_v lift_v up_o we_o behold_v the_o buttock_n the_o testicle_n the_o passage_n into_o the_o four_o ventricle_n and_o the_o four_o ventricle_n itself_o all_o which_o be_v without_o the_o brain_n we_o see_v also_o the_o after-braine_n the_o process_n thereof_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n the_o move_a nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n together_o with_o the_o optic_n the_o organ_n of_o smell_a the_o two_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n together_o with_o their_o passage_n into_o the_o tunnell_n as_o also_o the_o callous_a body_n the_o arch_n the_o complication_n call_v choroide_v and_o the_o pine-glandule_a and_o thus_o much_o concern_v varolius_n his_o new_a way_n of_o dissect_v the_o head_n which_o we_o have_v add_v as_o a_o accomplishment_n to_o this_o book_n of_o the_o brain_n because_o indeed_o after_o this_o manner_n all_o the_o part_n thereof_o be_v best_a show_v and_o to_o best_a purpose_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o controversy_n ¶_o a_o dilucidation_n or_o exposition_n of_o the_o controversy_n concern_v the_o brain_n and_o the_o part_n thereof_o
basis_n of_o the_o brain_n with_o this_o air_n the_o spirit_n be_v nourish_v and_o therefore_o galen_n acknowledge_v a_o double_a use_n of_o respiration_n to_o wit_n the_o conservation_n of_o natural_a heat_n and_o the_o nutrition_n or_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n now_o if_o the_o passage_n of_o these_o two_o matter_n to_o the_o brain_n be_v intercept_v then_o will_v there_o be_v no_o generation_n of_o animal_n spirit_n if_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n be_v bind_v a_o apoplexy_n ensue_v if_o respiration_n be_v prohibit_v the_o creature_n die_v instant_o and_o be_v deprive_v of_o sense_n and_o motion_n galen_n concern_v this_o point_n seem_v to_o differ_v from_o himself_o but_o we_o will_v reconcile_v those_o different_a place_n well_o enough_o in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la respirationis_fw-la he_o say_v that_o in_o a_o live_a creature_n he_o tie_v the_o sleepy_a artery_n and_o yet_o the_o creature_n perish_v not_o therefore_o it_o follow_v his_o animal_n spirit_n be_v nourish_v only_o with_o air_n not_o with_o the_o vital_a spirit_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 9_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la he_o write_v reconcile_v certain_a place_n of_o galen_n concern_v the_o animal_n spirit_n reconcile_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v cherish_v and_o sustain_v with_o the_o vital_a convey_v by_o the_o artery_n and_o make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o air_n we_o answer_v that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n may_v be_v for_o a_o little_a time_n sustain_v if_o it_o be_v deprive_v of_o either_o of_o his_o aliment_n for_o there_o be_v store_v up_o a_o supply_n against_o time_n of_o need_n in_o those_o two_o complication_n or_o texture_n call_v plexus_fw-la choroide_v &_o rete_fw-la mirabile_fw-la but_o long_o that_o supply_n will_v not_o maintain_v they_o the_o preparation_n of_o this_o spirit_n be_v make_v in_o those_o labyrinth_n of_o the_o small_a artery_n their_o prepare_v where_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v prepare_v coction_n or_o elaboration_n as_o some_o think_v in_o the_o ventricle_n and_o final_o their_o distribution_n into_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o into_o the_o sinew_n they_o therefore_o be_v in_o a_o error_n who_o do_v conceive_v that_o this_o spirit_n attain_v his_o proper_a form_n and_o specifical_a difference_n in_o those_o texture_n for_o all_o the_o complication_n of_o vessel_n as_o well_o in_o the_o brain_n as_o in_o the_o testicle_n and_o other_o part_n be_v ordain_v only_o for_o preparation_n but_o the_o form_n and_o difference_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v supply_v by_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o part_n both_o to_o the_o aliment_n and_o to_o the_o spirit_n wherefore_o we_o conclude_v that_o in_o those_o complication_n the_o spirit_n be_v prepare_v that_o in_o the_o ventricle_n they_o be_v boil_a and_o labour_v but_o receive_v their_o uttermost_a perfection_n in_o the_o perfect_v where_o labour_v and_o perfect_v substance_n of_o the_o brain_n qvest._n viii_o argenterius_n his_o opinion_n concern_v the_o animal_n spirit_n confute_v argenterius_fw-la a_o acute_a scholar_n indeed_o but_o who_o pen_n especial_o against_o galem_fw-la yield_v too_o much_o gall_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr somno_fw-la et_fw-la vigilia_fw-la and_o in_o his_o commentary_n in_o artem_fw-la medicinalem_fw-la avouch_v that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o spirit_n &_o that_o vital_a neither_o will_v he_o be_v bring_v to_o admit_v any_o animal_n spirit_n at_o all_o and_o first_o as_o his_o custom_n be_v he_o inveigh_v bitter_o against_o his_o master_n galen_n accuse_v he_o sometime_o of_o levity_n and_o inconstancy_n sometime_o of_o ignorance_n of_o inconstancy_n inconstancy_n argenterius_n accuse_v galen_n of_o inconstancy_n in_o his_o assignation_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o place_n of_o generation_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o the_o matter_n because_o sometime_o he_o write_v that_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v in_o sometime_o of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n sometime_o of_o blood_n in_o the_o place_n of_o generation_n because_o he_o assign_v it_o sometime_o to_o be_v generate_v in_o the_o texture_n or_o complication_n of_o the_o brain_n sometime_o in_o the_o forward_a ventricle_n sometime_o in_o the_o backward_a sometime_o that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o body_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n but_o argenterius_n wit_n be_v to_o nimble_a to_o fasten_v upon_o the_o depth_n of_o galens_n judgement_n which_o if_o he_o have_v well_o attend_v he_o shall_v not_o have_v find_v repugnancy_n in_o he_o for_o the_o most_o remote_a meaning_n he_o understand_v not_o galens_n meaning_n matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v blood_n the_o near_a matter_n be_v vital_a spirit_n the_o near_a of_o all_o be_v air_n inspire_v or_o breathe_v through_o the_o mammillary_a process_n &_o convaigh_v not_o into_o the_o texture_n but_o into_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n and_o as_o the_o matter_n so_o also_o the_o place_n of_o their_o generation_n be_v manifold_a for_o they_o be_v prepare_v in_o the_o texture_n &_o upper_a ventricle_n boil_a in_o the_o three_o and_o perfect_v in_o the_o four_o or_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n final_o they_o be_v diffuse_v into_o the_o nerve_n and_o from_o they_o convey_v into_o the_o body_n he_o accuse_v galen_n of_o ignorance_n because_o from_o the_o net-like_a texture_n he_o gather_v that_o there_o be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n because_o say_v argenterius_n neither_o be_v that_o texture_n conspicuous_a in_o a_o ignorance_n galen_n accuse_v of_o ignorance_n man_n neither_o be_v there_o always_o require_v a_o complication_n of_o vessel_n where_o there_o be_v any_o spirit_n generate_v for_o in_o the_o heart_n where_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v abundant_o generate_v there_o be_v no_o such_o admirable_a web_n of_o vessel_n but_o argenterius_n be_v so_o heady_o transport_v with_o a_o desire_n of_o contradiction_n that_o he_o do_v not_o observe_v the_o tenor_n of_o galens_n argument_n for_o he_o never_o conclude_v that_o therefore_o there_o defend_v but_o defend_v be_v a_o animal_n spirit_n because_o in_o the_o brain_n the_o vessel_n be_v entangle_v and_o interbrayd_v one_o with_o another_o but_o he_o say_v that_o this_o spirit_n be_v irrigate_v or_o water_v &_o nourish_v by_o that_o which_o that_o net-like_a web_n suppli_v unto_o it_o as_o we_o have_v read_v in_o the_o 5._o chapter_n of_o the_o 12_o book_n of_o his_o method_n and_o in_o his_o 7._o book_n de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hip._n et_fw-fr plat._n and_o the_o three_o chapter_n but_o let_v we_o yield_v that_o galen_n mean_v as_o argenterius_n understand_v he_o shall_v we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v write_v absurd_o nature_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o create_v any_o such_o texture_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o a_o new_a elaboration_n but_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o appear_v a_o notable_a texture_n which_o we_o call_v choroide_v therefore_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v a_o preparation_n of_o a_o new_a spirit_n argenterius_n will_v object_v that_o in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v generate_v and_o objection_n objection_n yet_o in_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v no_o complication_n of_o vessel_n we_o answer_v that_o such_o laberynth_n be_v not_o necessary_a in_o the_o heart_n because_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n be_v great_a than_o that_o of_o the_o animal_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o great_a answer_n answer_n proportion_n of_o they_o require_v then_o can_v be_v confect_v in_o so_o narrow_a vessel_n for_o the_o animal_n function_n be_v not_o perpctuall_a and_o beside_o when_o a_o man_n sleep_v they_o be_v also_o at_o rest_n but_o the_o vital_a the_o sound_a we_o sleep_v the_o strong_a they_o be_v furthermore_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o creature_n have_v not_o sense_n as_o bone_n gristle_n and_o ligament_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o do_v live_v wherefore_o because_o there_o be_v a_o great_a exhaustion_n of_o vital_a spirit_n there_o restauration_n must_v be_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v sudden_a and_o plentiful_a add_v hereto_o that_o the_o vital_a spirit_n do_v not_o only_o serve_v for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o vital_a function_n but_o also_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o their_o generation_n shall_v be_v in_o great_a abundance_n which_o can_v be_v accomplish_v in_o small_a artery_n and_o narrow_a caulty_n final_o the_o heart_n which_o be_v the_o hot_a of_o all_o the_o bowel_n do_v sudden_o boil_v &_o generate_v spirit_n albeit_o there_o be_v not_o so_o precise_a a_o contaction_n in_o all_o the_o part_n which_o thing_n the_o brain_n be_v far_o cold_a can_v perform_v and_o therefore_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o be_v great_a use_n and_o necessity_n of_o complication_n of_o vessel_n and_o not_o in_o the_o hart_n argenterius_n proceed_v to_o goad_n galen_n farthet_n why_o be_v
according_a to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n reason_n 1._o without_o that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o artery_n neither_o do_v his_o ventricle_n breathe_v in_o aer_fw-la as_o galen_n will_v have_v it_o neither_o be_v they_o distend_v and_o contract_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v first_o it_o do_v no_o more_o become_v a_o principle_n of_o motion_n to_o be_v move_v than_o it_o become_v a_o principle_n of_o sense_n itself_o to_o have_v sense_n because_o as_o aristotle_n say_v every_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d must_v be_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v every_o instrument_n of_o sense_n must_v be_v destitute_a or_o void_a of_o all_o the_o object_n of_o that_o sense_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n now_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n have_v not_o sense_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v no_o motion_n furthermore_o if_o the_o brain_n do_v breath_n by_o a_o proper_a power_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o because_o the_o substance_n thereof_o be_v soft_a and_o the_o membrane_n that_o compass_v the_o ventricle_n very_o fine_a &_o thin_a it_o follow_v i_o say_v that_o that_o membrane_n must_v in_o the_o dilatation_n &_o contraction_n be_v violent_o tear_v asunder_o three_o the_o three_o and_o four_o ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n common_o so_o call_v be_v of_o the_o same_o substance_n and_o temper_n that_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n be_v of_o for_o the_o use_n of_o they_o all_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o latter_a ventricle_n do_v not_o respire_v and_o therefore_o neither_o shall_v the_o former_a be_v dilate_v or_o contract_v they_o urge_v further_o and_o think_v that_o this_o weapon_n have_v a_o further_a edge_n in_o grievous_a wound_n of_o the_o head_n when_o the_o brain_n be_v uncover_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n do_v not_o appear_v to_o differ_v at_o all_o but_o as_o one_o pulse_n be_v answerable_a to_o another_o so_o likewise_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n do_v accord_n now_o if_o the_o brain_n do_v beat_v by_o a_o inbred_a power_n then_o must_v it_o needs_o be_v that_o some_o time_n the_o brain_n and_o the_o artery_n shall_v not_o beat_v alike_o and_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n final_o there_o be_v no_o attraction_n no_o expulsion_n without_o the_o help_n of_o fibre_n so_o the_o heart_n have_v his_o fibre_n as_o also_o the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n the_o vein_n and_o the_o artery_n but_o in_o the_o brain_n there_o appear_v no_o fibre_n at_o all_o ergo_fw-la the_o motion_n of_o the_o diastole_n and_o systole_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v not_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a unto_o his_o substance_n very_o these_o reason_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o the_o time_n have_v be_v say_v lauren_n when_o i_o be_v convince_v by_o they_o &_o constrain_v to_o subscribe_v unto_o this_o opinion_n but_o look_v over_o with_o a_o little_a more_o diligence_n the_o work_n of_o galen_n and_o consider_v some_o passage_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la de_fw-la usupartium_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la hippoc._n &_o platonis_fw-la with_o better_a deliberation_n at_o length_n i_o alter_v my_o mind_n and_o be_o now_o resolve_v that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v respire_v by_o a_o proper_a faculty_n and_o inbred_a motion_n let_v we_o here_o galen_n dispute_v in_o express_a word_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la nature_n say_v he_o have_v not_o deny_v motion_n to_o the_o brain_n whereby_o it_o may_v draw_v air_n for_o force_n that_o the_o brain_n do_v respire_v by_o it_o own_o force_n his_o refrigeration_n and_o return_v the_o same_o back_n again_o for_o the_o expurgation_n of_o superfluitye_n again_o in_o the_o 4._o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n it_o be_v not_o impossible_a that_o the_o brain_n shall_v yield_v unto_o itself_o a_o kind_n of_o motion_n though_o it_o be_v but_o small_a sometime_o into_o itself_o sometime_o out_o of_o itself_o galne_v the_o ãâ¦ã_o galne_v so_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v less_o when_o it_o contract_v itself_o and_o more_o spread_v when_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v dilate_v thus_o far_o galen_n but_o it_o shall_v behoove_v we_o to_o establish_v his_o authority_n by_o reason_n also_o and_o weight_n of_o argument_n 1._o reason_n 1._o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v generate_v first_o in_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o spirit_n be_v of_o it_o own_o nature_n airy_a and_o hot_a stand_v need_n of_o the_o inspiration_n of_o air_n which_o be_v familiar_a and_o of_o kin_n unto_o it_o as_o well_o for_o his_o nourishment_n as_o that_o by_o it_o it_o may_v be_v refrigerated_a wherefore_o when_o we_o draw_v our_o breath_n inward_a the_o air_n also_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o brain_n and_o when_o we_o breathe_v outward_a a_o fumid_a or_o smoky_a vapour_n which_o be_v the_o excrement_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v thrust_v out_o and_o avoid_v this_o hypocrates_n elegant_o express_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr morbo_fw-la sacro_fw-la or_o of_o the_o fall_v sickness_n when_o say_v he_o a_o man_n draw_v in_o air_n by_o his_o mouth_n &_o his_o nose_n be_v shut_v first_o of_o all_o the_o breath_n hypocrates_n hypocrates_n come_v to_o the_o brain_n now_o this_o inspiration_n of_o the_o air_n into_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o same_o be_v not_o make_v by_o artery_n but_o by_o certain_a protuberation_n or_o swell_a production_n of_o the_o brain_n much_o like_o the_o nipple_n of_o a_o woman_n pap_n which_o also_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o smell_v the_o motion_n therefore_o of_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v accomplish_v by_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n proceed_v from_o the_o brain_n itself_o not_o from_o the_o artery_n again_o that_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o by_o these_o production_n may_v thus_o be_v prove_v the_o air_n and_o odour_n do_v pass_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o way_n for_o no_o smell_n can_v be_v feel_v although_o it_o be_v drive_v violent_o into_o the_o nose_n unless_o therewith_o air_n be_v draw_v in_o now_o odour_n do_v pass_v into_o the_o brain_n by_o those_o production_n before_o name_v not_o by_o artery_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o same_o production_n air_n be_v inspirate_v and_o transport_v into_o the_o foreward_n ventricle_n furthermore_o if_o the_o brain_n do_v beat_v by_o the_o artery_n and_o not_o by_o anin-bred_n power_n for_o 2._o reason_n 2._o the_o generation_n of_o spirit_n why_o then_o be_v not_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n also_o move_v you_o will_v say_v haply_o that_o in_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o back_n there_o be_v not_o so_o great_a plenty_n of_o artery_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o brain_n itself_o i_o answer_v it_o may_v well_o be_v for_o there_o be_v not_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o matter_n or_o substance_n in_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o marrow_n but_o if_o you_o compare_v both_o body_n together_o then_o will_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o artery_n be_v as_o great_a which_o run_v through_o the_o membrane_n invest_v the_o marrow_n wherefore_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v not_o therefore_o immovable_a because_o it_o want_v artery_n but_o because_o in_o it_o there_o be_v no_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n as_o there_o be_v in_o the_o brain_n the_o three_o argument_n be_v on_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a distance_n betwixt_o the_o body_n 3._o reason_n 3._o of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o dura_n meninx_n not_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o systole_n and_o diastole_n of_o the_o artery_n for_o they_o be_v not_o so_o lift_v up_o nor_o to_o avoid_v danger_n because_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la or_o thin_a membrane_n be_v interpose_v between_o they_o the_o distance_n therefore_o be_v leave_v for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o we_o see_v that_o in_o the_o heart_n there_o be_v a_o distance_n betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o pericardium_n lest_o if_o they_o have_v touch_v one_o another_o they_o may_v have_v be_v interrupt_v four_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o so_o great_a a_o weight_n and_o mass_n of_o moisture_n as_o the_o brain_n be_v shall_v be_v dilate_v by_o a_o few_o small_a artery_n for_o so_o i_o worthy_o call_v they_o that_o be_v sprinkle_v 4._o reason_n 4._o through_o the_o body_n of_o the_o brain_n see_v hat_n the_o large_a and_o notable_a artery_n of_o the_o spleen_n be_v not_o able_a to_o move_v his_o rare_a and_o small_a body_n i_o answer_v anatomy_n teach_v we_o that_o this_o bowel_v be_v weave_v with_o infinite_a artery_n and_o yet_o no_o man_n ever_o say_v that_o the_o spleen_n be_v move_v unlesseit_n be_v in_o a_o tumour_n or_o inflammation_n and_o then_o any_o part_n will_v be_v move_v five_o if_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n
and_o not_o of_o the_o marrowy_a substance_n than_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n be_v move_v because_o the_o artery_n 5._o reason_n 5._o be_v only_o move_v for_o so_o we_o may_v say_v that_o the_o stomach_n the_o gut_n and_o the_o spleen_n be_v move_v because_o the_o artery_n do_v beat_v every_o where_o and_o therefore_o if_o we_o imagine_v that_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v distend_v by_o the_o diastole_n of_o the_o artery_n why_o shall_v we_o not_o believe_v also_o that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n do_v beat_v because_o they_o have_v all_o proportionable_o as_o many_o artery_n final_o the_o process_n call_v vermi-formis_a the_o conarion_n and_o the_o buttock_n of_o the_o brain_n do_v show_v that_o there_o be_v a_o peculiar_a motion_n of_o the_o brain_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o 6._o reason_n 6._o the_o artery_n for_o the_o wormy_a process_n be_v make_v short_a open_v the_o way_n which_o be_v from_o the_o three_o unto_o the_o four_o ventricle_n and_o whilst_o the_o same_o process_n be_v extend_v it_o shut_v the_o passage_n again_o lest_o the_o spirit_n shall_v return_v into_o the_o upper_a ventricle_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v there_o be_v the_o same_o use_n thereof_o that_o there_o be_v of_o the_o value_v place_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n now_o the_o open_n and_o shut_v of_o this_o cleft_n proceed_v not_o from_o the_o artery_n but_o from_o a_o in_o breed_v power_n of_o the_o brain_n itself_o it_o be_v therefore_o more_o probable_a to_o conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n think_v with_o galen_n that_o the_o brain_n be_v move_v by_o a_o natural_a motion_n and_o that_o proper_a to_o itself_o for_o the_o nutrition_n of_o animal_n spirit_n the_o temper_v of_o they_o and_o their_o expurgation_n the_o reason_n and_o nature_n of_o this_o motion_n be_v on_o this_o manner_n when_o the_o brain_n enlarge_v itself_o it_o draw_v air_n out_o of_o the_o nostril_n by_o the_o mammillary_a process_n and_o spirit_n out_o of_o the_o brain_n the_o reason_n of_o he_o motion_n of_o the_o brain_n texture_n or_o complication_n of_o the_o small_a artery_n this_o air_n and_o these_o spirit_n it_o mingle_v in_o that_o rest_n or_o interim_n which_o be_v between_o the_o two_o motion_n but_o when_o in_o the_o systole_n it_o contract_v itself_o the_o side_n fall_v together_o the_o inward_a ventricle_n be_v straighten_v and_o the_o animal_n spirit_n pour_v out_o of_o the_o foremost_a into_o the_o hinder_a ventricle_n but_o here_o arise_v a_o scruple_n of_o no_o little_a moment_n which_o be_v whether_o the_o air_n be_v derive_v to_o the_o brain_n when_o it_o be_v distend_v or_o when_o it_o be_v contract_v it_o shall_v seem_v that_o the_o air_n be_v question_n a_o great_a question_n draw_v in_o in_o the_o constriction_n because_o when_o the_o brain_n be_v contract_v it_o depart_v a_o little_a from_o the_o scull_n the_o skull_n because_o it_o be_v immovable_a do_v not_o 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the_o same_o reason_n or_o nature_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o of_o the_o brain_n for_o the_o heart_n stand_v need_n of_o last_o to_o the_o last_o fibres_n not_o for_o the_o traction_n and_o expulsion_n of_o air_n but_o of_o blood_n in_o the_o diastole_n the_o heart_n draw_v blood_n by_o the_o right_a fibres_fw-fr and_o the_o same_o blood_n it_o expel_v in_o the_o systole_n by_o the_o transuerse_a but_o the_o brain_n when_o it_o be_v move_v draw_v only_a air_n with_o most_o thin_a vital_a spirit_n for_o the_o traction_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o help_n of_o fibres_n hence_o we_o think_v it_o be_v sufficient_o manifest_a that_o the_o brain_n be_v move_v by_o a_o in_o breed_v faculty_n and_o not_o only_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o artery_n qvest._n x._o whether_o the_o brain_n have_v any_o sense_n it_o be_v a_o notable_a controversy_n among_o physician_n whether_o the_o brain_n have_v any_o sense_n or_o no._n that_o it_o have_v sense_n it_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o authority_n experience_n and_o reason_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vulneribus_fw-la capitis_fw-la resolve_v that_o it_o have_v sense_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o brain_n about_o the_o sinciput_fw-la do_v soon_o galen_n that_o the_o brain_n have_v sense_n the_o authority_n of_o hippocrates_n of_o galen_n and_o especial_o feel_v any_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v either_o in_o the_o flesh_n or_o in_o the_o bone_n galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr plenitudine_fw-la the_o brain_n say_v he_o and_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n be_v account_v among_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v sense_n and_o if_o in_o a_o frenzy_n no_o pain_n be_v feel_v it_o be_v because_o the_o mind_n be_v disquiet_v again_o in_o his_o book_n odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la he_o attribute_v to_o the_o brain_n manifest_a sense_n moreover_o experience_n
and_o betwixt_o they_o run_v the_o nose_n as_o a_o strong_a wall_n under_o they_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o cheek_n stand_v out_o and_o at_o their_o side_n the_o hard_a bone_n of_o the_o temple_n they_o be_v immediate_o cover_v with_o soft_a lid_n that_o they_o may_v not_o impeach_v the_o delicacy_n of_o the_o instrument_n the_o uppermost_a be_v mooveable_a and_o very_a nimble_a which_o do_v shut_v up_o the_o pupil_n as_o well_o in_o rest_n to_o refresh_v they_o as_o also_o when_o any_o outward_a injury_n be_v ready_a to_o annoie_v they_o the_o lowermost_a be_v immooveable_a or_o at_o least_o move_v insensible_o these_o lid_n be_v again_o beard_v with_o hair_n whereby_o and_o wherein_o small_a body_n or_o mote_n which_o haply_o in_o their_o approach_n be_v not_o discern_v may_v be_v intercept_v the_o eye_n themselves_o have_v many_o muscle_n allow_v they_o whereby_o they_o be_v move_v every_o way_n upward_o and_o downward_o to_o the_o right_n and_o to_o the_o left_a and_o round_a they_o 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that_o of_o smell_a who_o instrument_n do_v not_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o scull_n in_o those_o creature_n which_o do_v respire_v but_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n whence_o nose_n the_o nose_n it_o follow_v that_o these_o 5._o be_v call_v outward_a sense_n not_o so_o much_o because_o they_o appear_v outward_o but_o rather_o because_o their_o proper_a organ_n do_v receive_v the_o species_n or_o representation_n of_o outward_a thing_n the_o instrument_n therefore_o of_o smell_v be_v a_o pair_n of_o production_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o forward_a ventricles_n of_o the_o brain_n in_o which_o the_o faculty_n of_o smell_v reside_v do_v comprehend_v the_o odour_n of_o thing_n which_o together_o with_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v draw_v in_o through_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o be_v raise_v high_a in_o the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n then_o of_o other_o creature_n as_o well_o for_o beauty_n as_o because_o the_o brain_n of_o a_o man_n be_v large_a and_o therefore_o yield_v abundance_n of_o excrement_n may_v therethrough_a be_v better_a cleanse_v this_o nose_n be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n by_o a_o gristly_a substance_n aswell_o to_o break_v and_o divide_v the_o outward_a air_n which_o in_o a_o great_a part_n be_v draw_v in_o this_o way_n to_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o sharp_a artery_n &_o so_o to_o the_o lung_n as_o also_o to_o disperse_v the_o part_n of_o the_o object_n of_o this_o sense_n that_o be_v so_o divide_v it_o may_v equal_o insinuate_v itself_o through_o the_o small_a hole_n of_o the_o spungy_a bone_n to_o both_o the_o production_n which_o determine_v on_o either_o side_n the_o four_o sense_n be_v the_o taste_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v seat_v in_o those_o nerve_n which_o attain_v unto_o the_o tongue_n and_o palate_n assist_v by_o the_o spungy_a flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n itself_o for_o tongue_n the_o tongue_n when_o any_o savoury_a quality_n or_o affection_n impart_v to_o a_o humour_n or_o ivice_n be_v apply_v 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whole_a body_n because_o the_o necessity_n touch_v the_o sense_n of_o touch_v of_o nature_n do_v every_o where_n require_v the_o presence_n thereof_o for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o creature_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o do_v not_o as_o other_o sense_n receive_v the_o impression_n of_o all_o his_o own_o proper_a object_n for_o sensation_n be_v a_o passion_n if_o therefore_o the_o object_n be_v of_o the_o same_o temper_n with_o the_o instrument_n the_o sense_n be_v not_o affect_v therewith_o because_o it_o do_v not_o suffer_v by_o that_o which_o be_v like_a unto_o it_o but_o all_o the_o other_o sense_n do_v apprehend_v all_o those_o quality_n which_o do_v fall_v under_o they_o for_o be_v all_o unlike_a to_o the_o instrument_n they_o must_v needs_o be_v affect_v by_o they_o but_o because_o this_o sense_n have_v no_o particular_a instrument_n in_o the_o head_n we_o shall_v only_o entreat_v of_o it_o by_o the_o way_n in_o this_o place_n somewhat_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o it_o before_o in_o our_o discourse_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o more_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o say_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o joint_n and_o the_o vessel_n wherefore_o we_o descend_v unto_o our_o history_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v call_v the_o face_n together_o with_o the_o vessel_n and_o muscle_n thereof_o have_v go_v through_o that_o part_n of_o the_o head_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o hairy_a scalfe_n and_o therefore_o by_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 7_o chapter_n of_o his_o 1._o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d it_o remain_v that_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o other_o part_n which_o be_v without_o hair_n call_v in_o man_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d which_o face_n the_o name_n of_o the_o face_n name_n it_o seem_v to_o have_v receive_v
of_o these_o optic_a nerve_n be_v to_o lead_v the_o visible_a faculty_n from_o the_o brain_n which_o in_o the_o eye_n be_v gather_v unto_o the_o visible_a form_n where_o the_o nerve_n be_v dilate_v into_o the_o membrans_fw-la of_o the_o eye_n for_o if_o this_o nerve_n be_v obstruct_v as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o disease_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v gutta_n serena_fw-la the_o clear_a drop_n the_o action_n of_o see_v be_v altogether_o take_v away_o or_o intercept_v serena_fw-la gutta_n serena_fw-la and_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o optic_a nerve_n the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n be_v on_o either_o side_n one_o which_o send_v a_o small_a surcle_n to_o each_o muscle_n by_o which_o it_o be_v move_v tab._n 2._o fig._n 3._o 4._o show_v this_o as_o he_o may_v perceive_v who_o diligent_o motion_n the_o nerve_n of_o motion_n shall_v separate_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o muscle_n from_o the_o nerve_n which_o also_o be_v spread_v abroad_o into_o the_o membrane_n these_o move_a muscle_n in_o their_o original_n be_v continual_a that_o be_v the_o right_n be_v join_v with_o the_o left_a whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o one_o eye_n continual_a where_o they_o be_v continual_a be_v move_v the_o other_o also_o follow_v the_o same_o motion_n for_o they_o proceed_v joint_o out_o of_o one_o point_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o spinall_a marrow_n so_o that_o the_o same_o object_n and_o the_o same_o light_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n insinuate_v itself_o into_o either_o eye_n that_o the_o sense_n and_o discern_a may_v be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o this_o make_v much_o to_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o sense_n that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v not_o appear_v double_a which_o doubtless_o will_v happen_v if_o one_o eye_n may_v be_v move_v upward_o and_o the_o other_o downward_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o this_o be_v true_a you_o may_v easy_o learn_v if_o with_o your_o finger_n you_o either_o hereof_o demonstration_n hereof_o depress_v or_o lift_v up_o one_o of_o your_o eye_n for_o then_o all_o object_n will_v appear_v double_a one_o high_a another_o low_o but_o if_o you_o move_v your_o eye_n towards_o the_o side_n because_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o sight_n be_v in_o the_o same_o line_n the_o object_n will_v not_o seem_v double_a wherefore_o galen_n in_o the_o thirteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la write_v that_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o visible_a cones_n must_v be_v place_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o plain_a lest_o that_o which_o be_v one_o do_v appear_v double_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o palsye_n and_o convulsion_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o patient_a often_o see_v double_a object_n because_o the_o eye_n do_v depart_v from_o the_o same_o plain_a so_o also_o when_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v either_o convel_v or_o relax_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o sight_n not_o be_v in_o the_o same_o line_n all_o thing_n appear_v double_a which_o also_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n happen_v oftentimes_o to_o man_n when_o they_o be_v drink_v from_o these_o instrument_n vein_n artery_n and_o nerve_n be_v derive_v unto_o the_o eye_n abundance_n of_o spirit_n natural_a vital_a and_o animal_n which_o be_v proper_o call_v visible_a spirit_n eye_n the_o spirit_n of_o the_o eye_n wherefore_o according_a to_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o spirit_n contain_v in_o the_o eye_n their_o magnitude_n as_o also_o their_o splendour_n or_o brightness_n be_v great_a or_o less_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o man_n be_v near_o their_o death_n their_o eye_n become_v little_a languid_a &_o obscure_a as_o also_o those_o that_o do_v too_o much_o follow_v venerial_a combat_n have_v their_o eye_n small_a and_o extenuate_v so_o also_o we_o see_v that_o in_o live_a man_n the_o eye_n be_v full_a and_o turgid_a but_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a they_o become_v less_o as_o also_o lax_n and_o rugous_a for_o the_o presence_n and_o absence_n of_o the_o spirit_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o live_n and_o a_o dead_a eye_n again_o according_a to_o the_o diverse_a disposition_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o of_o the_o eye_n from_o they_o they_o diverse_a argument_n to_o prove_v there_o be_v spirit_n in_o they_o we_o be_v able_a by_o our_o sight_n to_o distinguish_v and_o judge_v oftentimes_o of_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v a_o clear_a argument_n and_o even_o liable_a to_o our_o sense_n that_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n be_v full_a of_o spirit_n which_o thing_n galen_n also_o in_o the_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la proove_v by_o a_o elegant_a and_o demonstrative_a argument_n for_o say_v he_o if_o upon_o the_o close_n of_o one_o eye_n you_o do_v attentivelie_o mark_v the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o sight_n of_o the_o other_o you_o shall_v perceyve_v it_o in_o a_o very_a moment_n to_o be_v dilate_v because_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n do_v fall_v into_o the_o grapie_a coat_n which_o we_o call_v vuea_n through_o that_o coat_n which_o be_v call_v reticularis_fw-la or_o the_o net_n where_o they_o dilate_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o vuea_n which_o hole_n be_v proper_o call_v pupilla_fw-la or_o the_o sight_n and_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n final_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v full_a of_o spirit_n be_v hence_o convince_a because_o they_o be_v sometime_o obscure_a dull_a and_o languid_a or_o weak_a sometime_o bright_a or_o shine_a quick_a and_o apprehensive_a but_o least_o these_o spirit_n which_o be_v of_o a_o admirable_a fineness_n and_o subtiltye_n may_v exhale_v or_o evaporate_v they_o be_v keep_v in_o and_o retain_v by_o a_o thick_a sight_n and_o strong_a membrane_n which_o be_v call_v the_o horny_a coat_n chap._n vi_o of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o eye_n have_v declare_v the_o muscle_n &_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o eye_n &_o now_o remove_v they_o away_o the_o eye_n itself_o round_o like_o a_o bowl_n appear_v ta._n 2._o fig._n 3_o &_o 4._o ta._n 1._o fi_fw-la 2_o &_o 3_o which_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o world_n &_o a_o egg_n both_o for_o the_o figure_n &_o construction_n to_o a_o egg_n which_o consist_v of_o membrane_n the_o shell_n which_o be_v a_o indurated_a membrane_n &_o a_o thin_a membrane_n egg_n the_o eye_n compare_v to_o a_o egg_n under_o it_o &_o humour_n the_o white_a &_o the_o yolk_n so_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o eye_n have_v membrane_n &_o humour_n membrane_n that_o be_v of_o a_o watery_a nature_n it_o may_v better_o be_v contain_v in_o his_o position_n and_o the_o humour_n by_o they_o encompass_v which_o membrane_n have_v need_v to_o have_v a_o more_o solid_a substance_n beside_o they_o be_v a_o great_a furtherance_n to_o the_o sight_n humour_n only_o for_o the_o sight_n concern_v the_o number_n of_o the_o membrane_n the_o author_n be_v at_o great_a difference_n hypocrates_n eye_n the_o membrane_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la acknowledge_v but_o three_o the_o uppermost_a thick_a the_o middlemost_a thin_a and_o the_o three_o thin_a of_o all_o which_o contain_v the_o humour_n but_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr carn_n he_o say_v they_o be_v many_o the_o late_a grecian_n reckon_v four_o siluius_n five_o vesalius_n six_o galen_n in_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n seven_o unto_o who_o fuchsius_n &_o aquapendens_fw-la do_v consent_n we_o will_v divide_v they_o into_o two_o kind_n some_o be_v common_a to_o the_o whole_a eye_n some_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o humour_n the_o common_a membrane_n be_v the_o author_n their_o number_n very_o diverse_a according_a to_o author_n cornea_n and_o the_o vuea_n the_o horny_a and_o the_o grapie_a coat_n the_o proper_a membrane_n be_v the_o cristaline_a and_o the_o glassye_a but_o whereas_o there_o be_v common_o reckon_v seven_o adnata_fw-la cornea_n dura_n vuea_n choroide_n aranea_fw-la and_o retina_fw-la whereto_o some_o have_v add_v those_o which_o be_v call_v vitrea_fw-la and_o innominata_fw-la we_o will_v run_v through_o they_o all_o after_o our_o anatomical_a order_n the_o first_o be_v call_v adnata_fw-la which_o be_v the_o seven_o according_a to_o galen_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n adnata_fw-la first_o adnata_fw-la of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la so_o call_v as_o it_o be_v nata_fw-la circa_fw-la oculum_fw-la breed_v about_o the_o eye_n galen_n call_v it_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d because_o it_o cleave_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o other_o membrane_n of_o the_o eye_n whereupon_o it_o be_v also_o call_v adherens_fw-la or_o the_o cleave_v membrane_n this_o be_v the_o utmost_a aquapendens_fw-la suppose_v that_o it_o arise_v from_o the_o periostium_fw-la &_o tendon_n or_o chord_n of_o the_o muscle_n it_o first_o offer_v itself_o before_o dissection_n together_o with_o the_o transparent_a part_n of_o the_o horny_a membrane_n
for_o in_o ox_n it_o be_v of_o a_o oval_a figure_n bunch_v or_o bear_v out_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o eye_n not_o only_o that_o it_o may_v be_v free_a from_o be_v offend_v but_o especial_o that_o the_o eye_n may_v discern_v thing_n great_a than_o itself_o that_o be_v that_o it_o may_v receive_v the_o idea_n or_o form_n of_o great_a object_n and_o those_o whole_a &_o unbroken_a as_o also_o that_o the_o light_n which_o enter_v in_o may_v be_v better_o unite_v and_o contract_v and_o so_o attain_v through_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n unto_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n that_o this_o benefit_n come_v by_o the_o roundness_n and_o prominence_z of_o this_o membrane_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o a_o look_a glass_n for_o if_o we_o desire_v to_o see_v our_o face_n in_o a_o long_a fragment_n of_o a_o look_a glass_n we_o can_v see_v they_o whole_a because_o the_o figure_n be_v plain_a and_o in_o a_o plain_a figure_n the_o perpendicular_a beam_n of_o the_o light_n be_v not_o unite_v whereas_o in_o a_o round_a figure_n they_o concutre_v and_o meet_v together_o into_o a_o point_n for_o galen_n say_v in_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o his_o 10._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o vision_n or_o sight_n be_v make_v by_o a_o pyramid_n and_o therefore_o let_v the_o glass_n be_v never_o so_o small_a yet_o if_o it_o be_v round_o we_o may_v see_v our_o whole_a face_n therein_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o if_o this_o part_n have_v any_o figure_n save_v a_o circular_a the_o image_n or_o form_n of_o great_a object_n can_v not_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o eye_n at_o all_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o in_o some_o fish_n say_v aquapendens_fw-la exact_o carry_v the_o hardness_n and_o rigidity_n hard_o why_o hard_o of_o a_o horn_n itself_o this_o hardness_n secure_v not_o only_o the_o membrane_n but_o also_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n from_o outward_a injury_n beside_o that_o it_o resist_v any_o light_a occurrent_a violence_n fast_o and_o sight_n it_o be_v not_o only_o for_o resistance_n but_o also_o for_o the_o better_a conservation_n of_o the_o fast_o why_o fast_o watery_a and_o glassy_a humour_n that_o they_o sweat_v not_o out_o and_o that_o the_o thin_a spirit_n may_v not_o penetrate_v through_o it_o and_o so_o exhale_v wherefore_o in_o a_o live_a creature_n because_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o spirit_n it_o be_v notable_o streatched_a and_o shine_v very_o clear_a especial_o in_o the_o forepart_n but_o when_o the_o creature_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o spirit_n extinguish_v it_o fall_v present_o and_o grow_v loose_a and_o corrugate_v hence_o it_o follow_v that_o sight_n can_v be_v by_o a_o emission_n or_o ejaculation_n of_o spirit_n out_o of_o the_o eye_n because_o the_o tention_n or_o streatch_v of_o a_o live_a eye_n proceed_v from_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o spirit_n conclude_v and_o contain_v within_o this_o membrane_n and_o although_o it_o be_v the_o first_o and_o next_o part_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o be_v expose_v to_o all_o injury_n of_o cold_a heat_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o may_v fall_v upon_o or_o bruise_v the_o eye_n yet_o by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o lid_n by_o the_o hair_n by_o the_o bone_n and_o by_o the_o skin_n moreover_o it_o be_v not_o a_o simple_a or_o single_a membrane_n but_o make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o many_o shell_n or_o scale_n upon_o which_o say_v ruffus_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n there_o be_v a_o cuticle_n or_o curtain_n spread_v which_o be_v far_o thin_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o scale_n that_o if_o haply_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v gnaw_v asunder_o the_o rest_n may_v suffice_v to_o contain_v and_o defend_v the_o chrystaline_a humour_n avicen_n make_v it_o foursould_a it_o be_v very_o thin_a for_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la if_o it_o have_v be_v thick_a it_o may_v indeed_o have_v be_v a_o defence_n unto_o the_o eye_n but_o it_o will_v have_v thin_a why_o thin_a cast_v a_o perpetual_a dark_a shadow_n upon_o it_o and_o will_v have_v hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o light_n whereas_o now_o be_v thin_a it_o transmit_v any_o light_n or_o brightness_n free_o and_o without_o delay_n so_o that_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n may_v discern_v the_o true_a purtraiture_n and_o representation_n of_o all_o visible_a object_n wherefore_o also_o it_o be_v transparent_a clear_a and_o bright_a because_o it_o shall_v be_v more_o fit_a for_o the_o transmission_n of_o illumination_n for_o so_o we_o see_v that_o the_o thin_a a_o horn_n be_v the_o better_a do_v the_o light_n extend_v itself_o through_o it_o it_o be_v also_o streatched_a for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v corrugate_v or_o wrinkle_v and_o so_o unequal_a it_o must_v stretch_v why_o stretch_v needs_o have_v lose_v his_o roundness_n smoothness_n and_o transparancie_n and_o so_o the_o sight_n will_v have_v be_v much_o hinder_v a_o experience_n whereof_o we_o have_v in_o old_a man_n in_o who_o this_o membrane_n be_v sometime_o so_o rugous_a and_o loose_a that_o either_o they_o can_v see_v nothing_o at_o all_o or_o very_o confuse_o for_o say_v aquapendens_fw-la when_o one_o plight_n or_o fold_n fall_v upon_o another_o and_o the_o coat_n thereupon_o be_v duplicate_v the_o membrane_n become_v thick_a &_o the_o apple_n contract_v itself_o because_o it_o be_v not_o distend_v by_o a_o sufficient_a afluence_n of_o spirit_n it_o be_v transparent_a that_o it_o may_v give_v way_n to_o all_o visible_a form_n and_o representation_n and_o also_o admit_v the_o light_n which_o beat_v upon_o it_o but_o we_o must_v consider_v that_o this_o transparancie_n or_o transparent_a why_o transparent_a lucidity_n of_o the_o membrane_n differ_v much_o from_o the_o lucidity_n of_o the_o air_n that_o so_o there_o may_v ensue_v a_o refraction_n or_o break_v of_o the_o light_n but_o how_o the_o light_n pass_v unto_o the_o eye_n and_o how_o it_o be_v refract_v because_o it_o belong_v rather_o to_o the_o optic_a art_n then_o to_o anatomy_n he_o that_o list_v to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v therein_o we_o will_v send_v unto_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o optic_n such_o as_o be_v vitellius_n and_o alharen_n aquapendens_fw-la also_o the_o anatomist_n have_v elegant_o write_v of_o these_o thing_n of_o the_o eye_n but_o we_o proceed_v this_o membrane_n be_v polish_v and_o smooth_a that_o in_o it_o the_o form_n of_o thing_n may_v better_a smooth_a why_o polish_a and_o smooth_a shine_v and_o more_o fit_o be_v receive_v and_o image_n represent_v to_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n most_o like_a to_o the_o outward_a object_n for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v rough_a and_o full_a of_o eminency_n and_o cavity_n the_o light_n will_v not_o have_v equal_o attain_v unto_o it_o for_o where_o cavity_n be_v there_o do_v the_o representation_n pass_v through_o more_o easy_o and_o bright_a where_o there_o be_v any_o eminency_n there_o do_v they_o pass_v through_o with_o more_o difficulty_n and_o beside_o be_v very_o obscure_a moreover_o such_o a_o asperity_n or_o roughness_n will_v have_v be_v troublesome_a to_o the_o eie-lid_n as_o we_o see_v it_o happen_v when_o any_o small_a substance_n fall_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o lid_n but_o be_v fast_o hard_a &_o thin_a it_o can_v not_o receive_v any_o vein_n into_o it_o neither_o yet_o artery_n nor_o nerve_n neither_o if_o it_o can_v have_v it_o be_v behooveful_a for_o they_o will_v have_v hinder_v the_o sight_n &_o although_o it_o may_v have_v defend_v the_o chrystaline_a humour_n from_o outward_a offence_n yet_o it_o will_v have_v be_v ofsensive_a to_o the_o sight_n with_o his_o hardness_n and_o final_o it_o will_v have_v abate_v the_o visible_a faculty_n communicate_v unto_o the_o eye_n from_o above_o and_o have_v dim_v or_o dull_v their_o brightness_n for_o sight_n that_o much_o light_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o sight_n that_o the_o eye_n be_v offend_v with_o a_o bright_a and_o vehement_a light_n every_o man_n have_v sufficient_a experience_n in_o himself_o beside_o we_o read_v in_o history_n that_o zenophons_n soldier_n be_v almost_o blind_v by_o travel_v through_o the_o snow_n and_o dionysius_n that_o tyrant_n of_o cicilia_n above_o his_o prison_n build_v a_o very_a lightsome_a and_o bright_a chamber_n which_o he_o whiten_v over_o with_o lime_n &_o when_o cruelty_n dyonisius_n his_o cruelty_n he_o have_v a_o long_a time_n detain_v his_o prisoner_n in_o a_o dark_a dungeon_n he_o sudden_o bring_v they_o into_o this_o light_n and_o bright_a place_n where_o they_o instant_o become_v blind_a because_o their_o eye_n be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v so_o sudden_a a_o change_n in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o do_v labour_n of_o the_o ophthalmia_n or_o inflammation_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v less_o the_o great_a light_n extinguish_v the_o less_o offend_v with_o the_o
distance_n betwixt_o they_o lest_o otherwise_o the_o ingress_n of_o visible_a image_n through_o the_o horn_n may_v be_v interrupt_v wherefore_o when_o the_o grapy_a membrane_n come_v to_o the_o translucent_a part_n of_o the_o horny_a membrane_n it_o be_v no_o more_o round_o but_o reflect_v backward_o and_o incline_v towards_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n leave_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o midst_n which_o be_v call_v pupilla_fw-la as_o varolius_n have_v elegant_o deliver_v this_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v in_o man_n and_o some_o other_o creature_n as_o dog_n very_o round_o in_o many_o bruit_n beast_n as_o ox_n sheep_n and_o goat_n it_o be_v long_o than_o round_a of_o a_o it_o the_o figure_n of_o it_o ouall_a figure_n or_o like_v a_o circle_n compress_v in_o the_o midst_n which_o compression_n be_v dilate_v or_o contract_v according_a to_o the_o motion_n either_o proceed_n from_o the_o animal_n spirit_n or_o from_o the_o light_n so_o that_o the_o figure_n thereof_o be_v sometime_o round_o sometime_o long_o sometime_o wide_a sometime_o very_o narrow_a as_o in_o a_o cat_n who_o pupilla_fw-la be_v like_o a_o narrow_a and_o long_o cleave_v aquapendens_fw-la say_v that_o in_o a_o pike_n it_o be_v of_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o cone_n the_o dilatation_n and_o contraction_n of_o this_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n galen_n ascribe_v to_o the_o animal_n spirit_n but_o aquapendens_fw-la think_v that_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o vuea_n or_o grapy_a membrane_n aquapendens_fw-la how_o the_o pupilla_fw-la be_v contract_v &_o dilate_v galen_n aquapendens_fw-la which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o pupilla_fw-la be_v dilate_v or_o constringe_v according_a to_o the_o strength_n or_o weakness_n of_o the_o light_n that_o beat_v upon_o it_o for_o in_o a_o strong_a light_n it_o be_v contract_v the_o better_a to_o defend_v the_o chrystaline_a humour_n which_o be_v oftentimes_o offend_v by_o a_o strong_a light_n in_o a_o lesser_a or_o weak_a light_n it_o be_v dilate_v to_o help_v the_o sight_n to_o discern_v of_o many_o visible_a thing_n which_o otherwise_o will_v not_o appear_v and_o therefore_o those_o that_o complain_v of_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o sight_n must_v have_v they_o view_v rather_o in_o a_o obscure_a and_o dark_a then_o in_o a_o lucide_n or_o bright_a place_n and_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o strong_a light_n do_v not_o offend_v the_o eye_n because_o it_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o chrystaline_a humour_n in_o a_o less_o quantity_n nor_o a_o weak_a prove_v insufficient_a because_o it_o be_v receyve_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o pupilla_fw-la be_v not_o from_o the_o animal_n spirit_n as_o from_o the_o efficient_a cause_n he_o proove_v because_o a_o strong_a light_n attenuate_v the_o spirit_n diffuse_v they_o and_o so_o shall_v consequent_o enlarge_v the_o pupilla_fw-la on_o the_o contrary_a a_o weak_a light_n do_v dull_a &_o diminish_v aquapendens_fw-la objection_n against_o aquapendens_fw-la the_o spirit_n and_o so_o the_o pupilla_fw-la shall_v be_v straiten_v whereas_o common_a experience_n teach_v we_o the_o quite_o contrary_a wherefore_o say_v aquapendens_fw-la i_o conceive_v that_o the_o dilatation_n and_o contraction_n of_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n proceed_v from_o a_o proper_a faculty_n of_o the_o the_o grapy_a coat_n which_o faculty_n notwithstanding_o be_v stir_v up_o by_o the_o external_a light_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o eye_n and_o yet_o we_o see_v that_o in_o suffusion_n and_o cataract_n the_o pupilla_fw-la be_v dilate_v and_o constringe_v when_o a_o strong_a light_n can_v offend_v such_o eye_n because_o it_o have_v no_o free_a passage_n the_o catarract_n or_o cloud_n be_v interpose_v betwixt_o the_o light_n and_o the_o sight_n howbeit_o even_o in_o such_o suffusion_n if_o one_o eye_n be_v shut_v the_o pupilla_fw-la of_o the_o other_o be_v dilate_v which_o can_v be_v from_o no_o other_o cause_n but_o only_o from_o the_o spirit_n the_o use_n of_o this_o perforation_n or_o pupilla_fw-la be_v to_o transmit_v the_o visible_a image_n to_o the_o cristaline_a pupilla_fw-la the_o use_n of_o the_o pupilla_fw-la humour_n for_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usupartium_fw-la unless_o the_o grapy_a coat_n have_v here_o be_v perforate_v all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o eye_n have_v be_v create_v in_o vain_a because_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n have_v no_o communion_n with_o his_o object_n but_o only_o by_o this_o perforation_n of_o the_o grapy_a membrane_n and_o therefore_o according_a as_o this_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v dilate_v or_o contract_v so_o do_v we_o see_v better_o or_o worse_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o galen_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr symptomatum_fw-la causis_fw-la have_v well_o observe_v that_o the_o dilatation_n of_o this_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o original_a fault_n in_o nature_n or_o happen_v after_o by_o accident_n be_v always_o a_o great_a weakner_n of_o the_o sight_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o why_o a_o narrow_a apple_n be_v the_o best_a sight_n and_o why_o coarctation_n or_o straightning_n of_o the_o pupil_n if_o it_o be_v natural_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o quickenesse_n and_o vigour_n of_o this_o sense_n for_o when_o it_o be_v notable_o dilate_v the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o flow_v into_o the_o eye_n can_v fill_v the_o whole_a space_n which_o be_v before_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o the_o pupilla_fw-la be_v contract_v or_o gather_v together_o the_o space_n be_v soon_o fulfil_v add_v hereto_o that_o for_o the_o perfection_n of_o sight_n it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o the_o visible_a species_n or_o form_n shall_v flow_v unto_o the_o eye_n by_o a_o right_a line_n and_o so_o pass_v unto_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o cristaline_a with_o a_o point_a angle_n for_o so_o they_o make_v the_o better_a impression_n and_o therefore_o the_o perforation_n or_o the_o pupilla_fw-la be_v very_o narrow_a that_o the_o line_n produce_v from_o the_o circumference_n thereof_o as_o from_o a_o basis_n may_v touch_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o crystalline_a in_o a_o acute_a angle_n for_o if_o the_o pupilla_fw-la be_v so_o dilate_v that_o the_o line_n produce_v from_o the_o circumference_n thereof_o do_v make_v a_o right_a or_o obtuse_a angle_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o crystalline_a than_o be_v the_o sight_n not_o only_o offend_v but_o abolish_v hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o natural_a latitude_n or_o straightness_n of_o the_o pupilla_fw-la make_v much_o for_o the_o strength_n or_o weakness_n of_o the_o sight_n especial_o if_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o visible_a object_n and_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sense_n be_v proportionable_a but_o to_o return_v unto_o the_o grapie_n membrane_n of_o which_o this_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v but_o a_o perforation_n this_o membrance_n according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o have_v diverse_a colour_n for_o on_o the_o outside_n where_o it_o touch_v the_o horny_a coat_n it_o be_v black_a on_o the_o inside_n where_o it_o respect_v the_o watery_a and_o crystalline_a humour_n it_o be_v black_a or_o duskisn_a but_o where_o membrane_n diverse_a colour_n of_o the_o grapie_n membrane_n it_o make_v the_o great_a circle_n which_o we_o call_v the_o rainbow_n according_a to_o the_o diverse_a temper_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o the_o eye_n say_v laurentius_n it_o be_v sometime_o greenish_a sometime_o sky_n colour_v sometime_o black_a final_o the_o backward_a part_n of_o this_o membrane_n where_o it_o first_o arise_v from_o the_o pia_fw-la mater_fw-la be_v whitish_a present_o it_o grow_v greenish_a then_o near_o unto_o a_o blue_a all_o which_o colour_n may_v be_v best_a discern_v in_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o ox_n this_o black_a colour_n colour_n what_o profit_n the_o eye_n have_v by_o his_o black_a colour_n as_o galen_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o ten_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la where_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o sky_n colour_n because_o he_o describe_v the_o eye_n of_o a_o ox_n be_v very_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n because_o there_o be_v no_o such_o colour_n find_v elsewhere_o in_o the_o whole_a body_n and_o although_o in_o some_o eye_n it_o be_v less_o or_o more_o black_a then_o in_o other_o yet_o in_o all_o it_o be_v either_o black_a or_o brown_a that_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n be_v therewith_o cover_v might_n better_o collect_v and_o gather_v his_o brightness_n together_o for_o as_o a_o small_a light_n in_o a_o obscure_a and_o dark_a place_n be_v better_a perceive_v &_o shine_v bright_a than_o in_o a_o open_a and_o light_a place_n and_o make_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v about_o it_o better_o to_o be_v perceyve_v so_o the_o brightness_n that_o be_v enclude_v within_o the_o eye_n become_v more_o bright_a and_o the_o visible_a species_n do_v better_o appear_v in_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n
begin_n to_o the_o end_n and_o this_o issue_n be_v narrow_a and_o direct_a for_o if_o this_o cavity_n have_v be_v blind_a without_o a_o outlet_a the_o air_n be_v beat_v can_v not_o have_v attain_v to_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v this_o be_v far_o less_o than_o the_o former_a two_o situate_a in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o process_n under_o the_o knub_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n that_o it_o may_v meet_v with_o the_o sound_n which_o proceed_v from_o behind_o situate_v where_o situate_v forward_o and_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o canal_n which_o we_o say_v be_v like_o a_o watercourse_n place_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o stony_a process_n by_o a_o thin_a bone_n like_o a_o bridge_n table_n 10._o fig._n 2._o betwixt_o n_z and_z f._n it_o be_v long_o and_o crooked_a and_o have_v three_o gyration_n sometime_o sometime_o four_o one_o of_o they_o receive_v another_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o coehlea_n or_o snaile-shell_n by_o which_o it_o be_v intorted_a figure_n the_o figure_n some_o what_o inward_a and_o downward_o but_o the_o broad_a screw_n stand_v high_o receive_v the_o nerve_n the_o narrow_a stand_v low_a determine_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bone_n and_o work_v itself_o also_o a_o passage_n into_o this_o end_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o first_o cavity_n call_v fenestella_n cualis_fw-la which_o platerus_a call_v the_o low_a hole_n and_o placentinus_n the_o upper_a table_n 10._o fig._n 2._o l_o i_o mean_v into_o the_o great_a gyre_n of_o this_o bone_n this_o bone_n of_o the_o cochlea_n or_o the_o snail_n shell_n consist_v of_o two_o kind_n of_o circle_n whereof_o one_o be_v make_v of_o a_o bony_a substance_n very_o thin_a and_o dry_a which_o may_v easy_o be_v crumble_v and_o on_o every_o side_n like_o a_o snake_n roll_v up_o into_o bought_n the_o other_o be_v first_o propound_v by_o eustachius_n which_o be_v make_v of_o a_o soft_a &_o mucous_a matter_n yet_o firm_a and_o have_v i_o know_v not_o what_o kind_n of_o sandy_a matter_n mingle_v therewith_o it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o middle_a space_n of_o the_o first_o convolution_n eustachius_n eustachius_n as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o a_o large_a basis_n and_o be_v by_o degree_n extenuate_v end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n but_o it_o ascend_v not_o so_o high_a as_o that_o it_o touch_v the_o circumference_n of_o the_o bone_n wherinto_o the_o first_o gyration_n do_v determine_v this_o wonderful_a providence_n of_o our_o creator_n empedocles_n as_o galen_n witness_v in_o his_o empedocles_n empedocles_n book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la philosophica_fw-la do_v first_o intimate_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v make_v by_o the_o impulsion_n of_o the_o air_n or_o of_o a_o spirit_n which_o strike_v &_o beat_v the_o part_n like_o a_o snail_n shell_n suspend_v within_o the_o ear_n like_o a_o bell_n and_o with_o he_o agree_v aristotle_n in_o the_o aristetle_n aristetle_n eleven_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o inward_a ear_n which_o be_v like_o the_o contortion_n of_o a_o snail_n shell_n end_v in_o a_o bone_n which_o be_v like_o the_o outward_a ear_n this_o three_o cavity_n as_o also_o the_o second_o and_o the_o burrough_n thereof_o be_v invest_v with_o a_o vesalius_n the_o membrane_n invest_v this_o cavitie_n vesalius_n soft_a and_o thin_a membrane_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o socket_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v vesalius_n say_v it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n and_o that_o it_o do_v invest_v but_o some_o part_n only_o of_o the_o cavity_n not_o all_o throughout_o into_o this_o cavity_n as_o well_o as_o into_o the_o former_a do_v run_v three_o or_o four_o hole_n so_o small_a that_o a_o hair_n will_v scarce_o pass_v through_o they_o issue_v out_o of_o that_o canal_n through_o which_o we_o say_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n do_v pass_v through_o which_o hole_n certain_a nerve_n of_o the_o fist_n conjugation_n or_o at_o least_o their_o faculty_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o forensayde_v membrane_n so_o differ_v bauhine_v from_o vesalius_n and_o although_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v especial_o make_v in_o cavity_n bauhine_v the_o use_n of_o these_o cavity_n the_o first_o cavity_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v also_o make_v in_o the_o other_o seeing_z into_z they_o as_o be_v say_v there_o be_v surcle_n of_o nerve_n derive_v and_o in_o they_o also_o animal_n spirit_n and_o inbred_a air_n be_v contain_v notwithstanding_o the_o two_o hindmost_a cavity_n be_v rather_o make_v to_o hinder_v a_o echo_n or_o reflection_n of_o the_o sound_n to_o the_o first_o cavity_n and_o whereas_o these_o cavity_n have_v hole_n of_o diverse_a magnitude_n length_n and_o figure_n it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o think_v that_o they_o kind_n why_o perforation_n be_v of_o diverse_a kind_n be_v so_o frame_v for_o the_o difference_n of_o sound_n for_o a_o base_a sound_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o air_n iequire_v a_o large_a hole_n the_o length_n prohibit_v the_o echo_n and_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sound_n wherefore_o the_o great_a sound_n require_v long_o canales_fw-la and_o the_o lesser_a short_a that_o the_o sound_n in_o they_o may_v as_o it_o be_v be_v appease_v and_o a_o echo_n prohibit_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o figure_n make_v much_o either_o for_o the_o natural_a delation_n or_o transmition_n of_o the_o sound_n and_o the_o air_n which_o run_v for_o the_o most_o part_n through_o circle_a meander_n or_o that_o the_o sound_n in_o they_o may_v rest_v now_o we_o may_v easy_o imagine_v that_o a_o sound_n will_v soon_o cease_v or_o be_v appease_v when_o it_o run_v through_o many_o turn_n or_o gyration_n than_o it_o will_v do_v if_o it_o be_v convey_v by_o a_o straight_a line_n but_o the_o use_n of_o this_o three_o cavitie_n coiter_v elegant_o show_v and_o confirm_v by_o a_o instance_n in_o a_o circle_a instrument_n put_v case_n it_o be_v a_o sackebut_n for_o if_o a_o man_n lay_v his_o ear_n to_o the_o coiter_v the_o use_n of_o the_o 3._o cavitie_n after_o coiter_v hole_n of_o such_o a_o instrument_n he_o shall_v here_o a_o wonderful_a whistle_n and_o hiss_v noise_n and_o murmur_n where_o if_o a_o man_n blow_n into_o it_o with_o his_o mouth_n it_o will_v sound_v like_o a_o trumpet_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o stony_a bone_n and_o the_o cavity_n thereof_o now_o we_o proceed_v chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o nerve_n which_o arive_v at_o the_o ear_n at_o length_n we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o make_v that_o conjugation_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o five_o tab._n 21._o lib._n 7._o fig._n 1._o 2._o a._n tab._n 15._o lib._n 7_o fig._n 20._o m._n it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o tranuerse_n process_n of_o the_o cerebellum_fw-la and_o be_v arise_v where_o it_o arise_v a_o thick_a and_o large_a nerve_n therefore_o near_o of_o all_o to_o the_o after-braine_n because_o it_o be_v to_o convey_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o animal_n spirit_n it_o insinuate_v itself_o into_o the_o first_o hole_n of_o the_o stony_a bone_n which_o a_o large_a perforation_n and_o make_v of_o purpose_n within_o the_o scull_n for_o the_o transmission_n of_o this_o nerve_n which_o it_o hide_v all_o the_o way_n it_o run_v forward_o till_o in_o the_o middle_n almost_o of_o the_o stony_a process_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o unequal_a part_n the_o one_o large_a &_o ample_a the_o other_o small_a but_o hard_a hard_a i_o say_v then_o the_o other_o not_o through_o out_o the_o length_n of_o it_o but_o only_o in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v long_o than_o the_o former_a for_o that_o we_o soft_a how_o many_o way_n a_o nerve_n become_v hard_a and_o soft_a may_v say_v so_o much_o by_o the_o way_n the_o softness_n or_o hardness_n of_o a_o nerve_n depend_v upon_o 3._o thing_n first_o upon_o the_o original_n so_o those_o nerve_n that_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o brain_n itself_o be_v the_o soft_a those_o that_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o after-braine_n or_o out_o of_o the_o spinal_a marrow_n be_v the_o hard_a second_o upon_o their_o distance_n as_o they_o be_v far_o from_o their_o original_n or_o near_o unto_o it_o so_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v the_o soft_a of_o the_o whole_a body_n because_o they_o be_v near_o to_o their_o original_n the_o nerve_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o foot_n the_o hard_a because_o they_o be_v far_o off_o or_o three_o it_o hang_v upon_o their_o contaction_n for_o from_o their_o contaction_n with_o hard_a body_n as_o bone_n &_o gristle_n or_o with_o soft_a as_o fat_a and_o vessel_n they_o become_v hard_a and_o soft_a as_o platentinus_n have_v observe_v but_o this_o by_o the_o way_n this_o slender_a production_n of_o the_o nerve_n through_o the_o upper_a hole_n of_o the_o fore_n mention_v
passage_n enter_v into_o that_o secret_a bony_a canal_n which_o we_o call_v the_o watercourse_n and_o so_o creep_v towards_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o head_n afterward_o it_o be_v reflect_v and_o enter_v into_o the_o first_o cavitie_n and_o fall_v downward_o and_o backward_o it_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o bone_n at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o lap_n of_o the_o ear_n and_o be_v subdivide_v into_o three_o especial_a branch_n the_o large_a and_o upper_a run_v out_o into_o the_o foreside_n and_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o root_n of_o the_o outward_a ear_n the_o low_a derive_v through_o the_o jaw_n be_v distribute_v into_o the_o branch_n 3_o branch_n masseter_n muscle_n and_o the_o first_o muscle_n that_o move_v the_o cheek_n the_o three_o which_o be_v the_o middlemost_a be_v very_o small_a and_o capillary_a and_o be_v dissiminate_v into_o the_o glandulous_a and_o membranous_a part_n about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o ear_n there_o be_v also_o other_o threedy_a surcle_n which_o be_v nerve_n small_a thread_n of_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n spend_v into_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o larynx_n or_o throttle_v and_o of_o the_o bone_n hyois_n and_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o consent_n between_o the_o ear_n the_o tongue_n and_o the_o larynx_n hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v original_o and_o in_o the_o first_o conformation_n obstruct_v those_o that_o be_v bear_v dumb_a why_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v deaf_a be_v also_o dumb_a deaf_a be_v also_o dumb_a and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o nerve_n the_o thick_a part_n of_o the_o nerve_n which_o be_v soft_a and_o be_v proper_o the_o nerve_n of_o hear_v because_o it_o of_o itself_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o sense_n be_v lead_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o foresay_a passage_n and_o run_v out_o into_o the_o den_n or_o cave_n of_o the_o stony_a process_n yet_o the_o large_a branch_n do_v determine_v hear_v the_o very_a nerve_n of_o hear_v in_o the_o first_o cavitie_n as_o be_v the_o large_a and_o of_o most_o use_n where_o they_o be_v dilate_v like_o a_o membrane_n and_o make_v the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o hear_v wherefore_o the_o receive_a opinion_n be_v that_o in_o this_o cavity_n the_o sense_n of_o hear_v be_v especial_o administer_v because_o into_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n enter_v through_o the_o nerve_n &_o be_v there_o mix_v with_o the_o inbred_a air_n out_o of_o this_o 1._o cavity_n through_o small_a proforation_n of_o the_o foresay_a cavitie_n run_v certain_a small_a thread_n into_o the_o other_o two_o cavity_n which_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o membrane_n wherewith_o they_o be_v compass_v the_o use_n of_o this_o nerve_n be_v according_a to_o galen_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la it_o the_o use_n of_o it_o partium_fw-la &_o auerrhoe_n 2._o collect._n to_o be_v the_o organ_n of_o hear_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o sensible_a object_n that_o come_v from_o without_o and_o to_o lead_v the_o image_n of_o the_o sound_n unto_o the_o brain_n as_o unto_o their_o competent_a judge_n and_o censor_n say_v laurentius_n but_o from_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o four_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n there_o depart_v a_o very_a chord_n the_o chord_n small_a surcle_n which_o with_o a_o wind_a passage_n enter_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n near_o the_o bony_a canal_n which_o go_v to_o the_o palate_n than_o it_o cleave_v oblique_o to_o the_o tympane_n and_o after_o to_o the_o hammer_n above_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o muscle_n and_o proceed_v on_o perforate_v the_o stony_a bone_n in_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o hear_n then_o a_o little_a reflect_v it_o creep_v eustachius_n eustachius_n downward_o till_o it_o meet_v and_o join_v itself_o with_o a_o small_a and_o hard_a branch_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n this_o eustachius_n call_v a_o nerve_n other_o call_v it_o the_o chord_n or_o thread_n which_o say_v they_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n but_o whence_o it_o arise_v and_o whither_o it_o will_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o nerve_n or_o a_o artery_n they_o free_o confess_v that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o implant_v or_o inbred_a air_n galen_n in_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n determine_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o sight_n be_v lucid_a or_o bright_a that_o of_o the_o hear_n acreall_a that_o of_o the_o smell_v vaporous_a that_o of_o the_o taste_n moist_a and_o that_o of_o the_o touch_v earthy_a wherefore_o when_o we_o say_v that_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o hear_n be_v airy_a or_o like_v unto_o air_n we_o understand_v that_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o man_n body_n take_v the_o generate_v the_o object_n of_o all_o the_o sense_n plato_n how_o this_o air_n be_v generate_v word_n part_v in_o a_o large_a signification_n which_o imitate_v the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o air_n this_o air_n of_o which_o plato_n among_o the_o philosopher_n make_v first_o mention_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o ear_n from_o the_o first_o original_n of_o our_o generation_n in_o the_o womb_n of_o our_o mother_n i_o mean_v as_o soon_o as_o there_o be_v empty_a cavity_n hollow_v in_o the_o bone_n all_o which_o be_v fill_v with_o this_o air_n and_o therefore_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o physician_n yea_o aristotle_n himself_o in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la and_o the_o 83_o text_n call_v it_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d it_o the_o â_z of_o it_o or_o inbred_a other_o call_v it_o congenit_fw-la implant_v complant_v and_o inaedificate_v it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o airy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n and_o that_o very_o pure_a to_o which_o the_o pure_a airy_a part_n of_o the_o mother_n blood_n appli_v itself_o as_o to_o a_o body_n most_o like_a unto_o itself_o say_v archangelus_n this_o air_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o may_v be_v prove_v because_o all_o the_o den_n contain_v where_o contain_v and_o cavity_n except_v the_o first_o in_o which_o be_v the_o small_a bone_n the_o muscle_n &_o the_o chord_n be_v empty_a see_v therefore_o there_o be_v in_o nature_n no_o vacuity_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o empty_a cavity_n must_v be_v full_a of_o air_n this_o air_n be_v thin_a pure_a without_o any_o sound_n at_o all_o immoovable_a plentiful_a &_o separate_v air_n the_o nature_n of_o this_o air_n from_o the_o external_a air_n thin_a &_o pure_a that_o it_o may_v more_o ready_o and_o more_o perfect_o admit_v any_o external_a sound_n for_o through_o a_o crass_a and_o cloudy_a air_n the_o sound_n be_v not_o so_o free_o carry_v but_o hear_v with_o more_o difficulty_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o man_n voice_n in_o winter_n be_v base_a problem_n pure_a arist_n problem_n than_o in_o summer_n because_o as_o say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o 17._o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n both_o the_o inward_a and_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v thick_a in_o winter_n then_o in_o summer_n now_o be_v thick_a it_o be_v move_v more_o slow_o this_o air_n be_v without_o any_o sound_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o night_n we_o may_v hear_v better_a because_o problem_n without_o sound_n arist_n problem_n there_o be_v no_o noise_n stir_v as_o aristotle_n teach_v in_o the_o 33._o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n ad_fw-la hereto_o that_o which_o he_o in_o the_o same_o place_n add_v that_o in_o the_o day_n time_n the_o air_n be_v dense_a because_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o light_n and_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o in_o the_o night_n more_o rare_a because_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o beam_n be_v depart_v thereout_o wherefore_o the_o outward_a air_n which_o be_v alter_v by_o sound_n and_o like_o a_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n bound_v to_o the_o ear_n be_v not_o admit_v into_o the_o inward_a ear_n neither_o do_v it_o touch_v the_o implant_v air_n for_o if_o it_o have_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v will_v have_v be_v imperfect_a and_o the_o instrument_n will_v soon_o have_v be_v vitiate_a which_o aristotle_n prove_v by_o a_o instance_n in_o those_o instance_n aristotle_n instance_n that_o yaw_n in_o the_o 29_o problem_n of_o the_o 11._o section_n and_o in_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la and_o the_o second_o chapter_n for_o when_o we_o yawn_v we_o can_v hear_v so_o distinctlie_o because_o yawn_v why_o we_o can_v hear_v well_o when_o we_o yawn_v much_o of_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v forth_o get_v into_o the_o ear_n insomuch_o that_o we_o may_v sensible_o perceyve_v the_o motion_n thereof_o for_o when_o the_o internal_a air_n resist_v the_o occursation_n of_o the_o outward_a there_o arise_v a_o noise_n in_o the_o ear_n which_o noise_n as_o also_o the_o circumaction_n or_o
disturbance_n of_o the_o spirit_n hinder_v our_o hear_n whilst_o it_o be_v again_o appease_v again_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o this_o implant_v air_n shall_v be_v immoovable_a by_o itself_o or_o of_o it_o own_o nature_n that_o it_o may_v exact_o receive_v all_o the_o difference_n of_o sound_n of_o motion_n say_v immooveable_a immooveable_a aristotle_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr aniwa_n other_o say_v it_o be_v immooveable_a because_o it_o be_v not_o move_v by_o any_o other_o but_o remain_v always_o the_o same_o in_o the_o ear_n other_o because_o it_o have_v no_o natural_a sound_n but_o be_v fit_a to_o receive_v all_o difference_n of_o sound_n say_v laurentius_n but_o that_o the_o inward_a air_n ought_v to_o be_v quiet_a and_o immoovable_a may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o indisposition_n we_o have_v in_o our_o hear_n when_o we_o be_v trouble_v with_o hiss_v or_o sing_v noise_n in_o our_o head_n yet_o be_v this_o air_n mooveable_a not_o of_o it_o own_o accord_n but_o because_o it_o be_v move_v movable_a how_o it_o be_v movable_a with_o the_o least_o impulsion_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n and_o be_v stir_v with_o local_a motion_n for_o when_o the_o outward_a air_n move_v the_o membrane_n of_o the_o drum_n the_o internal_a air_n be_v also_o move_v that_o it_o may_v receive_v a_o form_n like_o to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o sound_n which_o be_v make_v it_o be_v plentiful_a for_o plenty_n be_v require_v for_o the_o full_a reception_n of_o the_o sound_n some_o say_v that_o it_o may_v be_v able_a to_o receive_v many_o sound_n offer_v unto_o it_o at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o placentinus_n say_v plentiful_a plentiful_a it_o do_v not_o receive_v many_o sound_n because_o of_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o because_o each_o sound_n be_v receive_v by_o every_o little_a particle_n thereof_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o external_a air_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o tympane_n air_n separate_a from_o the_o outward_a air_n lest_o the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v shall_v be_v offend_v for_o if_o the_o external_a air_n shall_v have_v get_v into_o the_o inward_a air_n if_o it_o have_v be_v either_o too_o cold_a or_o too_o hot_a it_o will_v have_v violate_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n and_o by_o continuity_n the_o after-braine_n also_o and_o the_o brain_n itself_o moreover_o if_o the_o external_a air_n shall_v have_v be_v immediate_o join_v and_o commix_v with_o the_o internal_a see_v the_o external_a be_v in_o perpetual_a motion_n thick_a impure_a oftentimes_o also_o smoky_a and_o full_a of_o small_a creature_n it_o can_v not_o have_v be_v avoid_v but_o that_o the_o hear_v will_v thereby_o have_v be_v impair_v if_o not_o perish_v for_o the_o inbred_a air_n also_o will_v have_v become_v thick_a smoky_a and_o also_o fill_v with_o those_o small_a animal_n it_o will_v also_o have_v sometime_o happen_v in_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n that_o the_o inbred_a air_n and_o with_o it_o the_o animal_n spirit_n must_v have_v be_v shoulder_v out_o of_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v quite_o ram_v up_o furthermore_o this_o benefit_n we_o have_v by_o the_o membrane_n that_o separate_v the_o external_a from_o the_o implant_v air_n that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v under_o water_n the_o water_n can_v pierce_v into_o his_o head_n or_o take_v away_o his_o sense_n of_o hear_v as_o those_o diverse_a find_v by_o experience_n who_o for_o fish_n or_o pearl_n or_o any_o such_o like_a occasion_n do_v use_v to_o dive_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n neither_o be_v this_o implant_v air_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n that_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v of_o but_o have_v only_o a_o similitude_n therewith_o which_o we_o may_v gather_v out_o of_o these_o word_n of_o galen_n neither_o air_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o implant_v air_n be_v every_o instrument_n of_o sense_n change_v alter_v or_o affect_v by_o every_o sensible_a object_n but_o that_o which_o be_v bright_a and_o lightsome_a be_v alter_v by_o colour_n that_o which_o be_v airy_a by_o sound_n that_o which_o be_v vaporous_a by_o odour_n and_o in_o a_o word_n that_o which_o be_v like_a be_v familiar_a to_o his_o like_a wherefore_o we_o esteem_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o air_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o also_o be_v airy_a and_o that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o manner_n of_o the_o conservation_n and_o refection_n of_o spirit_n like_o the_o animal_n spirit_n the_o one_o and_o of_o the_o other_o for_o this_o implant_v air_n be_v successive_o generate_v and_o again_o dissipate_v as_o the_o animal_n spirit_n be_v continual_o spend_v in_o the_o animal_n action_n and_o again_o every_o day_n regenerate_v in_o like_a manner_n this_o air_n that_o be_v breed_v in_o the_o ear_n be_v at_o least_o a_o part_n of_o it_o continual_o dissipate_v and_o generate_v again_o for_o if_o it_o shall_v altogether_o be_v exhaust_v restore_v how_o nourish_v and_o restore_v or_o spend_v we_o shall_v utter_o loose_v our_o hear_n now_o it_o be_v strengthen_v and_o have_v his_o refection_n from_o the_o air_n which_o we_o draw_v in_o by_o our_o nostril_n and_o through_o our_o mouth_n especial_o by_o that_o which_o enter_v at_o the_o mouth_n for_o there_o be_v a_o patent_n and_o open_a passage_n through_o the_o canale_n which_o we_o have_v before_o speak_v of_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o ear_n by_o which_o passage_n also_o we_o say_v before_o that_o the_o ear_n be_v purge_v simplicius_n the_o philosopher_n have_v deliver_v not_o that_o this_o air_n be_v like_o the_o animal_n spirit_n coyter_v simplicius_n coyter_v but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n animate_v or_o have_v a_o life_n of_o it_o own_o whereby_o it_o subsi_v coiter_v call_v it_o a_o part_n of_o the_o soul_n archangelus_n conceive_v that_o it_o be_v nourish_v by_o blood_n who_o opinion_n we_o will_v here_o set_v down_o that_o those_o that_o list_n may_v judge_v of_o it_o archangelus_n a_o passage_n out_o of_o archangelus_n the_o airy_a body_n say_v he_o be_v nourish_v by_o blood_n bring_v by_o the_o vein_n and_o that_o per_fw-la diadosin_n that_o be_v by_o transumption_n as_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v nourish_v by_o be_v what_o diadosis_n or_o transumption_n be_v the_o glassy_a humour_n by_o this_o diadosis_n or_o transumption_n for_o there_o redound_v out_o of_o the_o glassy_a humour_n as_o much_o as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o crystalline_a like_a as_o the_o glassy_a humour_n transume_v from_o the_o membrane_n call_v aranea_fw-la or_o the_o cobweb_n a_o aliment_n accommodate_v and_o proportionable_a to_o itself_o and_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v after_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o coat_n call_v aranea_fw-la or_o the_o cobweb_n there_o be_v vein_n by_o who_o blood_n it_o be_v nourish_v after_o the_o cobweb_n be_v satisfy_v that_o which_o redound_v or_o be_v superfluous_a be_v transume_v by_o the_o glassy_a humour_n when_o the_o glassy_a humour_n be_v satisfy_v with_o norishment_n that_o which_o remain_v be_v transume_v by_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n as_o a_o fit_a nourishment_n for_o it_o so_o that_o the_o crystalline_a be_v nourish_v by_o a_o aliment_n prepare_v by_o the_o vitrious_a humour_n &_o the_o vitrious_a or_o glassy_a humour_n be_v nourish_v by_o a_o aliment_n prepare_v by_o the_o cobweb_n to_o wit_n either_o of_o the_o other_o superfluity_n or_o leave_n nourish_v how_o the_o air_n be_v nourish_v the_o same_o happen_v in_o the_o airy_a instrument_n of_o hear_v for_o the_o membrane_n that_o invest_v it_o receive_v vein_n and_o be_v nourish_v with_o their_o blood_n that_o which_o abound_v beside_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o membrane_n be_v now_o far_o alter_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o blood_n be_v attract_v and_o transume_v by_o that_o airy_n body_n into_o his_o proper_a nourishment_n but_o that_o this_o instrument_n of_o hear_v may_v have_v not_o only_o venal_a nourishment_n but_o arterial_a life_n also_o and_o with_o it_o all_o the_o part_n that_o be_v subordinate_a and_o minister_a to_o it_o there_o be_v certain_a artery_n which_o be_v derive_v into_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o hear_v thus_o far_o archan_n concern_v the_o use_n of_o this_o implant_v air_n our_o author_n be_v full_a of_o diversity_n aristotle_n air_n the_o use_n of_o this_o air_n in_o the_o 10._o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr generatione_n animalium_fw-la call_v it_o audiendi_fw-la sensorium_fw-la the_o very_a sense_n of_o aristotle_n diverse_a opinion_n aristotle_n hear_v itself_o and_o true_o the_o ancient_n have_v all_o deliver_v that_o it_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o aristotle_n say_v
that_o the_o nature_n of_o hear_v be_v airy_a mundinus_n say_v there_o be_v a_o audible_a spirit_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o stonybone_n which_o be_v the_o mundinus_n mundinus_n instrument_n of_o hear_v carpus_n thus_o the_o implant_v air_n receyve_v the_o species_n or_o form_n which_o be_v bring_v carpus_n carpus_n to_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v varolius_fw-la the_o include_v airy_a spirit_n be_v the_o proper_a instrument_n of_o hear_v archangelus_n varolius_fw-la coiter_v archangelus_n coiter_v this_o air_n be_v the_o first_o and_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v yea_o a_o part_n of_o the_o soul_n archangelus_n it_o be_v the_o most_o principal_a instrument_n of_o hear_v which_o the_o faculty_n use_v in_o the_o perception_n of_o sound_n and_o voice_n and_o in_o judge_v of_o they_o aquapendens_fw-la the_o office_n of_o this_o air_n be_v to_o receive_v outward_a and_o external_a sound_n &_o so_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a author_n of_o hear_v aquapendens_fw-la aquapendens_fw-la placentinus_n it_o be_v the_o matter_n which_o receyve_v the_o sound_n the_o medium_fw-la wherethrough_a it_o be_v transport_v for_o after_o it_o have_v receyve_v a_o sound_n it_o do_v not_o conceyve_v it_o or_o judge_v of_o placentinus_n placentinus_n it_o as_o be_v a_o thing_n inanimate_v now_o no_o action_n of_o the_o soul_n can_v be_v perform_v by_o that_o which_o be_v not_o animate_v laurentius_n this_o air_n be_v exceed_o necessary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o hear_v without_o which_o i_o can_v laurentius_n laurentius_n scarce_o conceive_v how_o we_o shall_v hear_v at_o all_o but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a organ_n of_o hear_v i_o can_v never_o be_v persuade_v especial_o because_o it_o be_v not_o animate_v but_o rather_o i_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o internal_a medium_fw-la final_o our_o author_n bauhine_n set_v down_o the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o these_o term_n this_o air_n the_o faculty_n of_o hear_v use_v as_o a_o internal_a medium_fw-la for_o the_o susception_n and_o transvection_n bauhine_v bauhine_v or_o transportation_n of_o sound_v and_o voice_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n by_o it_o to_o be_v discern_v like_v as_o in_o all_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o other_o sense_n there_o be_v require_v a_o double_a medium_fw-la the_o one_o outward_a the_o other_o inward_a inward_a as_o in_o the_o sight_n the_o watery_a humour_n in_o the_o taste_n the_o spittle_n in_o the_o smell_v the_o spongy_a bone_n in_o the_o touch_v the_o skin_n be_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la a_o inward_a &_o a_o outward_a medium_fw-la medium_fw-la although_o i_o know_v laurentius_n will_v have_v it_o the_o cuticle_n in_o which_o the_o form_n or_o idea_n of_o thing_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o so_o naked_a be_v transport_v unto_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n the_o implant_v air_n be_v gather_v in_o the_o inward_a ear_n to_o receive_v the_o abstract_a form_n of_o the_o sound_n and_o to_o transport_v they_o or_o convey_v they_o unto_o the_o sense_n again_o as_o in_o all_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o sense_n the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v distinct_a and_o a_o hear_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o chief_a organ_n of_o hear_v differ_a thing_n from_o the_o principal_a organ_n to_o which_o the_o action_n particular_o belong_v as_o in_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n the_o watery_a humour_n be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la but_o the_o chrystaline_a the_o principal_a part_n receive_v the_o representation_n but_o not_o judge_v of_o they_o so_o in_o the_o hear_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v this_o implant_v air_n but_o the_o principal_a part_n be_v the_o auditory_a nerve_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o judge_v of_o the_o idea_n but_o conduct_v it_o to_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v to_o the_o first_o sensator_fw-la chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o hear_v and_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o sound_v consider_v that_o to_o entreat_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o hear_v belong_v rather_o to_o a_o philosopher_n then_o to_o anatomist_n we_o will_v be_v but_o brief_a herein_o yet_o something_o we_o think_v good_a to_o say_v because_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n the_o ear_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o hear_v and_o the_o action_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la three_o thing_n require_v to_o sensation_n object_n definition_n of_o a_o sound_n medium_fw-la sense_n of_o hear_v unto_o this_o sense_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n require_v a_o object_n a_o medium_fw-la and_o a_o instrument_n the_o object_n be_v that_o which_o be_v audible_a that_o be_v all_z sounds_z a_o sound_n be_v a_o quality_n yssue_v out_o of_o the_o air_n coiter_v add_v or_o the_o water_n beat_v by_o sudden_a and_o forcible_a collision_n or_o concurrence_n of_o hard_a and_o solid_a body_n and_o those_o smooth_a concavous_a and_o large_a this_o definition_n we_o will_v labot_n to_o explain_v in_o this_o follow_a discourse_n the_o medium_fw-la be_v either_o externall_n or_o internal_a the_o externall_n medium_fw-la according_a to_o aristotle_n be_v air_n or_o water_n but_o in_o water_n the_o sound_n be_v but_o dull_a as_o a_o man_n may_v perceive_v when_o his_o head_n be_v under_o water_n yet_o they_o say_v that_o fish_n can_v hear_v in_o the_o water_n very_o well_o as_o they_o can_v assure_v we_o that_o use_n in_o the_o night_n time_n to_o fish_n for_o mullet_n and_o although_o the_o water_n go_v into_o the_o water_n do_v make_v a_o sound_n yet_o this_o sound_n be_v make_v in_o the_o air_n and_o by_o the_o interposition_n thereof_o though_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o water_n the_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v the_o implant_v air_n conclude_v within_o the_o den_n or_o cavity_n of_o the_o ear_n the_o instrument_n although_o we_o may_v say_v it_o be_v the_o whole_a inward_a ear_n furnish_v instrument_n furnish_v 3._o instrument_n with_o his_o cavity_n and_o other_o particle_n above_o express_v and_o although_o that_o general_o the_o philosopher_n and_o physician_n do_v determine_v that_o the_o inbred_a air_n be_v the_o especial_a and_o proper_a organ_n of_o hear_v because_o as_o in_o the_o eye_n the_o chrystaline_a receive_v the_o object_n that_o be_v the_o light_n so_o this_o inbred_a air_n receive_v the_o sound_n yet_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o not_o this_o air_n but_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n be_v the_o principal_a instrument_n for_o we_o think_v with_o galen_n that_o not_o only_o the_o alteration_n or_o reception_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o inbred_a air_n be_v the_o sense_n of_o hear_v but_o also_o the_o dignotion_n or_o judgement_n of_o that_o alteration_n wherefore_o sound_v and_o voice_n be_v transfer_v by_o this_o air_n to_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n as_o unto_o the_o substance_n that_o be_v apprehensive_a and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o common_a sense_n where_o they_o be_v exquisite_o judge_v off_o for_o if_o they_o must_v be_v know_v and_o perceive_v then_o must_v they_o touch_v some_o substance_n endue_v with_o sense_n because_o all_o action_n be_v by_o contaction_n now_o the_o sensative_a faculty_n be_v not_o transport_v out_o of_o the_o body_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o sound_n shall_v apply_v itself_o to_o the_o eare._n the_o sound_n be_v generate_v of_o hard_a body_n mutual_o strike_v one_o another_o as_o of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n for_o soft_a body_n do_v easy_o yield_v not_o resist_v the_o force_n that_o be_v offer_v unto_o they_o make_v how_o sound_n be_v make_v and_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o air_n as_o in_o his_o matter_n this_o air_n accompany_v the_o sound_n and_o carry_v it_o as_o it_o be_v on_o his_o wing_n for_o as_o the_o air_n be_v move_v so_o also_o be_v the_o sound_v carry_v as_o we_o may_v perceive_v by_o a_o ring_n of_o bell_n far_o off_o from_o we_o for_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v towards_o we_o we_o shall_v hear_v they_o very_o loud_o again_o when_o the_o air_n be_v whiff_v another_o way_n the_o sound_n also_o of_o the_o bell_n will_v be_v take_v from_o us._n so_o also_o when_o two_o hard_a body_n be_v smite_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o we_o see_v the_o purcussion_n before_o we_o hear_v the_o sound_n for_o we_o do_v not_o hear_v the_o sound_n before_o the_o air_n that_o be_v move_v do_o bring_v the_o sound_n with_o it_o to_o our_o ear_n neither_o be_v that_o motion_n make_v in_o a_o moment_n but_o in_o time_n and_o be_v carry_v swift_a or_o slow_a as_o the_o percussion_n of_o of_o the_o resist_a body_n be_v more_o or_o less_o vehement_a and_o quick_a for_o this_o the_o philosopher_n require_v in_o sound_n and_o consequent_o the_o repercussion_n or_o repulse_n of_o the_o air_n so_o we_o see_v in_o a_o drum_n if_o the_o skin_n or_o vellum_n be_v moist_a and_o lax_n either_o they_o will_v not_o sound_v at_o all_o or_o they_o make_v but_o a_o dull_a noise_n the_o
forth_o live_a one_o as_o for_o bird_n and_o serpent_n say_v aristotle_n in_o the_o 16._o chapter_n of_o of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la &_o aristotle_n aristotle_n and_z those_o four_o footed_a beast_n that_o lay_v egg_n they_o have_v only_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d hole_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o be_v not_o so_o compass_v or_o form_v that_o you_o may_v call_v they_o nose_n unless_o it_o be_v because_o they_o breathe_v and_o smell_v by_o they_o as_o for_o those_o creature_n which_o do_v not_o breathe_v they_o have_v no_o nose_n or_o hole_n at_o all_o but_o other_o instrument_n of_o this_o sense_n some_o smell_n by_o their_o gills_n some_o by_o their_o fistula_n or_o pipe_n or_o trunk_n some_o otherways_o as_o some_o of_o those_o we_o call_v insecta_fw-la this_o outward_a nose_n be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d by_o aristotle_n in_o the_o 11._o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la name_n the_o name_n animalium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o 16._o book_n de_fw-la partibus_fw-la animalium_fw-la as_o also_o by_o galen_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr olfactus_fw-la instrumento_fw-la the_o word_n seem_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d because_o through_o the_o nose_n the_o excrement_n and_o superfluity_n of_o the_o head_n do_v fall_v away_o other_o call_v it_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d because_o of_o the_o mucous_a matter_n or_o phlegmatic_a excrement_n which_o distil_v through_o it_o if_o we_o shall_v describe_v the_o nose_n we_o must_v say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o protuberate_v or_o strut_a part_n of_o the_o figure_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o figure_n face_n make_v a_o way_n for_o the_o air_n for_o by_o it_o we_o receive_v it_o in_o and_o avoid_v it_o out_o again_o some_o say_v it_o be_v a_o defence_n forth_o instrument_n of_o smell_a when_o as_o indeed_o they_o be_v not_o contain_v in_o the_o nose_n but_o remain_v within_o the_o skull_n yet_o we_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o assistant_n to_o they_o for_o if_o the_o nose_n be_v away_o we_o shall_v not_o smell_v without_o all_o question_n it_o be_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n for_o the_o part_n whereby_o we_o breathe_v aught_o to_o be_v in_o situation_n and_o situation_n the_o midst_n and_o before_o nature_n therefore_o place_v it_o in_o the_o midst_n between_o three_o other_o sense_n the_o sight_n the_o hear_v and_o the_o taste_n and_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n that_o the_o respiration_n may_v not_o be_v interrupt_v but_o pass_v free_o to_o and_o fro_o moreover_o it_o be_v place_v say_v cicero_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la deorum_fw-la above_o because_o odour_n fly_v upward_o and_o therefore_o from_o above_o be_v more_o commodious_o receive_v add_v hereto_o it_o that_o stand_v we_o in_o good_a steed_n to_o smell_v our_o meat_n &_o drink_n be_v so_o near_o the_o mouth_n which_o instinct_n nature_n have_v give_v also_o to_o bruit_n beast_n as_o we_o may_v see_v especial_o in_o ape_n who_o first_o smell_v to_o a_o thing_n before_o they_o will_v eat_v it_o in_o a_o man_n the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o position_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v for_o beauty_n and_o elegancy_n the_o basis_n of_o the_o nose_n above_o be_v broad_a and_o grow_v into_o a_o blunt_a end_n downward_o or_o rather_o say_v laurentius_n it_o begin_v with_o a_o sharp_a point_n from_o the_o inward_a angle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o end_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lip_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o upper_a part_n which_o be_v immovable_a and_o bony_a and_o a_o low_a which_o nose_n the_o division_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v movable_a and_o gristly_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o nose_n call_v dorsum_fw-la or_o the_o bark_n be_v call_v in_o greek_a ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o spin_v or_o ridge_n of_o the_o nose_n the_o low_a part_n where_o it_o enlarge_v itself_o into_o the_o nostril_n be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d by_o ruffus_n and_o pollux_n the_o foot_n of_o the_o nose_n and_o the_o utmost_a roundness_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o globe_n of_o the_o nose_n or_o the_o tip_n as_o we_o common_o speak_v within_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o cavity_n by_o a_o hedge_n or_o partition_n which_o they_o call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d part_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o part_n âares_n the_o nostril_n because_o in_o they_o the_o odour_n or_o odoriferous_a spirit_n or_o the_o air_n do_v inâare_a or_o swim_v continual_o other_o call_v they_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d of_o the_o mucous_a matter_n that_o issue_v from_o they_o other_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o hole_n of_o the_o nose_n as_o galen_n have_v it_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr instrumento_fw-la olfactus_fw-la the_o use_n of_o the_o division_n be_v that_o the_o action_n of_o the_o smell_a may_v be_v more_o perfect_a for_o division_n the_o use_n of_o the_o division_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o sense_n except_v the_o touch_n the_o sense_n be_v bypartite_a because_o of_o the_o two_o side_n of_o the_o body_n the_o right_a and_o the_o left_a in_o like_a manner_n say_v the_o philosopher_n in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr partibus_fw-la anim._n the_o power_n of_o the_o nostril_n be_v double_a or_o bipartite_a but_o if_o they_o have_v be_v dissever_v or_o set_v aside_o as_o the_o ear_n they_o can_v not_o have_v perform_v their_o office_n because_o we_o smell_v even_o in_o our_o breathe_n as_o also_o do_v all_o other_o creature_n which_o have_v nostril_n again_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o division_n one_o nosethrill_n remain_v open_a when_o the_o other_o be_v obstruct_v that_o through_o it_o we_o may_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o inspiration_n and_o expiration_n and_o when_o both_o of_o they_o be_v obstruct_v the_o mouth_n may_v be_v open_v to_o supply_v their_o office_n as_o we_o see_v often_o in_o our_o patient_n who_o nose_n be_v stop_v with_o a_o cold_a they_o sleep_v with_o their_o mouth_n open_a drawing_z and_o yield_v their_o breath_n thereby_o lest_o the_o man_n shall_v be_v strangle_v it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o hole_n of_o both_o the_o nostril_n which_o be_v but_o one_o in_o one_o hole_n the_o division_n of_o each_o hole_n nostril_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n as_o galen_n observe_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr odoratus_fw-la organo_fw-la the_o one_o part_n run_v above_o the_o palate_n into_o the_o utmost_a part_n of_o the_o mouth_n and_o throat_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o oftentimes_o we_o see_v that_o if_o a_o man_n laugh_v when_o he_o be_v a_o drink_v the_o drink_n will_v come_v out_o at_o his_o nostril_n and_o those_o irrhine_v which_o we_o cast_v into_o the_o nose_n sometime_o for_o medicine_n will_v fall_v into_o the_o mouth_n if_o the_o nose_n be_v close_o shut_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o nose_n ascend_v to_o the_o spungy_a bone_n final_o the_o outward_a part_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o compass_n the_o hole_n be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d alaepinnae_fw-la the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n the_o nose_n consist_v of_o a_o cuticle_n a_o skin_n muscle_n bone_n gristle_n and_o the_o inward_a coat_n the_o skin_n wherewith_o it_o be_v cover_v be_v thin_a without_o any_o fat_a that_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o skin_n the_o skin_n nose_n may_v not_o exceed_v which_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a deformity_n but_o under_o the_o partition_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o nostril_n there_o be_v a_o rise_n or_o prominent_a fleshy_a particle_n near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o lip_n call_v by_o ruffus_n and_o pollux_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d columna_fw-la the_o pillar_n which_o in_o some_o man_n hang_v something_o outward_a it_o be_v thick_a and_o fungous_a so_o that_o it_o resemble_v the_o cartilege_n or_o gristle_n from_o which_o notwithstanding_o we_o must_v learn_v to_o distinguish_v it_o and_o in_o the_o compass_n thereof_o stand_v many_o hair_n call_v proper_o vibrissi_n because_o when_o we_o twitch_v they_o out_o it_o make_v we_o shake_v our_o head_n and_o sneeze_n which_o be_v call_v capitis_fw-la vibratio_fw-la the_o use_n of_o these_o hair_n hair_n the_o hair_n be_v that_o those_o small_a animal_n that_o fly_v about_o in_o the_o air_n shall_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o nose_n in_o our_o inspiration_n but_o hang_v in_o those_o hairy_a springe_n but_o because_o in_o deep_a and_o sudden_a inspiration_n and_o expiration_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o nostril_n serve_v to_o no_o small_a purpose_n therefore_o nature_n make_v they_o movable_a &_o because_o they_o muscle_n the_o muscle_n be_v to_o be_v move_v according_a to_o our_o will_n and_o good_a pleasure_n there_o be_v certain_a muscle_n insert_v into_o they_o some_o serve_v for_o
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the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v exolue_v or_o spend_v the_o spirit_n which_o be_v of_o absolute_a necessity_n for_o the_o reception_n of_o species_n to_o the_o twelve_o thus_o both_o white_a and_o black_a colour_n may_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o eye_n because_o they_o be_v receive_v only_o by_o a_o intentional_a and_o incorporeal_a species_n or_o form_n last_o the_o point_n of_o a_o needle_n be_v therefore_o not_o perceive_v because_o it_o be_v not_o a_o proportion_a object_n to_o the_o organ_n by_o these_o it_o be_v plain_a and_o manifest_a even_o to_o the_o dull_a apprehension_n that_o vision_n be_v perform_v not_o by_o emission_n or_o send_v forth_o any_o thing_n from_o the_o eye_n but_o only_o by_o reception_n of_o the_o species_n into_o it_o but_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o reception_n be_v most_o obscure_a and_o fold_v up_o in_o many_o secret_a difficulty_n for_o the_o enodation_n whereof_o that_o this_o secret_n may_v appear_v evident_a four_o thing_n be_v to_o reception_n four_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o this_o reception_n be_v discuss_v of_o us._n first_o what_o it_o be_v that_o be_v receive_v second_o where_o or_o into_o what_o part_n of_o the_o eye_n this_o reception_n be_v make_v three_o when_o it_o be_v make_v four_o how_o it_o be_v make_v as_o concern_v the_o first_o question_n democritus_n and_o lucippus_n think_v that_o corporeal_a receive_v what_o it_o be_v that_o be_v receive_v object_n be_v receive_v epicurus_n suppose_v only_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o visible_a object_n be_v receive_v alexander_n that_o the_o image_n only_o of_o the_o thing_n be_v receive_v not_o as_o receive_v that_o only_o the_o species_n be_v receive_v it_o be_v in_o a_o subject_n but_o like_v as_o in_o a_o glass_n we_o agree_v with_o aristotle_n think_v that_o only_o the_o species_n or_o image_n be_v receive_v and_o that_o the_o quality_n of_o these_o species_n be_v incorporeal_a immaterial_a individual_a the_o philosopher_n call_v it_o intentional_a which_o be_v produce_v in_o the_o medium_n or_o mean_a and_o organ_n and_o so_o multiply_v by_o a_o simple_a effluence_n or_o emanation_n as_o light_n proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o a_o shadow_n from_o a_o body_n this_o species_n i_o say_v be_v not_o itself_o see_v but_o it_o be_v that_o whereby_o we_o see_v for_o only_o the_o object_n be_v see_v glass_n the_o eye_n be_v like_o a_o look_a glass_n the_o eye_n therefore_o may_v very_o well_o be_v compare_v to_o a_o look_a glass_n receive_v into_o it_o the_o image_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v object_v and_o set_v before_o it_o for_o a_o glass_n do_v receive_v all_o the_o species_n not_o send_v any_o thing_n forth_o yet_o in_o this_o do_v the_o eye_n differ_v from_o a_o glass_n that_o there_o be_v no_o virtue_n of_o the_o soul_n in_o a_o glass_n which_o can_v refer_v and_o transmit_v the_o image_n receive_v unto_o any_o other_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v unto_o a_o judge_n but_o 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long_a wherefore_o lucide_n and_o white_a object_n do_v hurt_v the_o sight_n yea_o sometime_o they_o make_v a_o man_n blind_a because_o the_o visive_a spirit_n be_v draw_v out_o and_o as_o it_o be_v entice_v by_o that_o which_o be_v like_a unto_o they_o do_v break_v forth_o of_o the_o eye_n with_o so_o great_a a_o violence_n and_o force_n that_o by_o such_o irruption_n either_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n or_o the_o coat_n thereof_o or_o something_o else_o in_o the_o eye_n which_o have_v many_o tender_a part_n be_v either_o break_a or_o at_o least_o suffer_v some_o alteration_n it_o will_v be_v again_o object_v if_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o species_n be_v immaterial_a why_o shall_v the_o eye_n be_v weary_v with_o continual_a see_v why_o do_v not_o prominent_a and_o goggle_v eye_n see_v better_a than_o other_o because_o they_o be_v more_o apt_a for_o reception_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o eye_n be_v weary_v not_o by_o the_o impression_n of_o species_n but_o by_o the_o force_n and_o endeavour_n which_o the_o faculty_n use_v to_o do_v his_o work_n which_o be_v especial_o to_o firm_a the_o eye_n or_o hold_v it_o steadfast_a and_o to_o contain_v the_o spirit_n but_o those_o that_o be_v goggle_v eye_v have_v not_o so_o good_a sight_n because_o their_o animal_n spirit_n be_v dissipate_v which_o be_v especial_o necessary_a unto_o the_o sense_n of_o see_v that_o be_v join_v with_o external_a light_n they_o may_v transmitte_v the_o species_n unto_o the_o interior_a sense_n the_o second_o proposition_n be_v concern_v the_o place_n of_o this_o reception_n to_o wit_n into_o what_o part_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o species_n be_v receyve_v and_o here_o it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o examine_v reception_n of_o the_o place_n of_o this_o reception_n the_o different_a opinion_n of_o physician_n and_o philosopher_n some_o think_v that_o they_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n grownd_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n of_o galen_n who_o teach_v that_o all_o sense_n be_v from_o the_o brain_n aristotle_n say_v they_o be_v receyve_v into_o the_o pupilla_fw-la or_o apple_n of_o the_o eye_n understand_v by_o the_o apple_n the_o crystalline_a humour_n galen_n say_v sometime_o into_o the_o crystalline_a sometime_o into_o the_o cobweb-coate_n which_o he_o say_v be_v smooth_a galen_n aristotle_n galen_n and_o more_o polished_a then_o any_o looking-glass_n avicen_n say_v they_o be_v receive_v in_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v say_v he_o that_o the_o object_n appear_v single_a because_o the_o visible_a form_n be_v unite_v in_o that_o avicen_n avicen_n coition_n or_o conjunction_n of_o the_o opticke_n we_o determine_v that_o they_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o cristaline_a because_o it_o be_v the_o principal_a and_o primary_n organ_n of_o sight_n place_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o differ_v from_o all_o the_o other_o part_n in_o substance_n figure_n and_o quality_n but_o if_o you_o will_v reconcile_v all_o these_o then_o say_v that_o the_o reception_n be_v make_v in_o the_o crystalline_a the_o refraction_n in_o the_o coat_n the_o perfection_n in_o the_o coition_n or_o meeting_n of_o the_o opticke_n the_o perception_n and_o judge_v in_o the_o brain_n concern_v the_o time_n of_o this_o reception_n which_o be_v the_o three_o question_n all_o do_v agree_v in_o reception_n of_o the_o time_n of_o reception_n one_o that_o vision_n be_v make_v together_o with_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o species_n but_o this_o perception_n be_v make_v in_o a_o instant_n for_o the_o heaven_n be_v see_v all_o at_o once_o because_o the_o light_n which_o produce_v or_o bring_v forth_o these_o visible_a species_n do_v diffuse_v itself_o and_o transport_v they_o together_o through_o the_o air_n place_v they_o in_o the_o extreme_a superficies_n thereof_o that_o
understand_v of_o perfect_a vision_n but_o there_o be_v another_o more_o obscure_a question_n yet_o to_o be_v resolve_v namely_o whether_o that_o question_n question_n which_o be_v within_o the_o eye_n when_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o the_o outward_a air_n be_v see_v by_o a_o proper_a species_n of_o it_o own_o or_o by_o a_o strange_a species_n i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v by_o a_o strange_a species_n for_o the_o vapour_n which_o be_v contain_v betwixt_o the_o horny_a membrane_n and_o crystalline_a be_v not_o perceive_v in_o the_o shape_n and_o species_n of_o a_o vapour_n but_o solution_n solution_n under_o another_o shape_n contain_v in_o the_o air_n yet_o this_o strange_a species_n when_o it_o be_v receyve_v into_o the_o eye_n it_o follow_v the_o nature_n colour_n figure_n and_o magnitude_n of_o that_o vapour_n which_o be_v already_o existent_a in_o the_o eye_n so_o if_o the_o internal_a vapour_n be_v greenish_a or_o yellow_a it_o represent_v the_o species_n of_o the_o external_a object_n as_o of_o a_o wall_n or_o book_n yellow_a and_o greenish_a if_o the_o vapour_n be_v small_a and_o diffuse_v there_o do_v appear_v as_o it_o be_v fly_v gnat_n if_o it_o be_v stretch_v out_o in_o length_n hair_n do_v appear_v now_o if_o that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o eye_n shall_v be_v see_v by_o a_o proper_a species_n of_o it_o own_o the_o inner_a appear_v why_o that_o which_o be_v within_o do_v appear_v grapie_a coat_n which_o be_v diverse_a colour_v will_v be_v see_v final_o the_o last_o knot_n which_o remain_v to_o be_v untie_v be_v this_o why_o that_o which_o be_v within_o the_o eye_n seem_v to_o be_v out_o of_o it_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o cristaline_a humour_n be_v accustom_v to_o the_o vision_n of_o external_a thing_n solution_n solution_n do_v judge_v whatsoever_o be_v within_o to_o be_v without_o qvest._n xxiiii_o whether_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n be_v fiery_a or_o watery_a concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o platonist_n &_o peripatetik_n be_v at_o great_a strife_n plato_n in_o timaeo_n because_o he_o be_v persuade_v that_o vision_n be_v perform_v by_o fiery_a plato_n say_v it_o be_v fiery_a emission_n of_o light_n from_o the_o eye_n do_v therefore_o think_v that_o the_o eye_n be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n the_o eye_n say_v he_o do_v participate_v of_o that_o fire_n which_o do_v not_o burn_v but_o by_o illumination_n do_v cheerful_o draw_v the_o day_n out_o of_o the_o dungeon_n of_o the_o night_n now_o fire_n according_a to_o the_o platonist_n be_v threefold_a first_o that_o which_o do_v both_o shine_n and_o burn_v second_o that_o which_o shine_v but_o burn_v not_o three_o that_o which_o burn_v but_o do_v not_o shine_v and_o this_o opinion_n of_o plato_n galen_n seem_v to_o follow_v in_o his_o 10._o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la and_o in_o the_o seven_o de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hippo._n &_o platonis_fw-la for_o he_o call_v the_o eye_n a_o bright_a organ_n and_o the_o sunlike_a part_n of_o the_o creature_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o platonist_n be_v these_o first_o the_o eye_n of_o some_o creature_n do_v shine_v &_o glitter_v in_o the_o night_n as_o of_o night-owle_n and_o of_o cat_n again_o some_o in_o vehement_a fit_n of_o reason_n the_o platonist_n reason_n anger_n have_v their_o eye_n as_o it_o be_v burn_v and_o inflame_a moreover_o when_o the_o eye_n be_v shoot_v at_o one_o side_n we_o see_v a_o kind_n of_o fiery_a glance_n like_o lightning_n and_o the_o eye_n be_v rub_v in_o the_o dark_a do_v yield_v a_o bright_a glimpse_n under_o the_o finger_n aristotle_n affirm_v that_o antiphon_n have_v his_o own_o shape_n and_o image_n continual_o before_o his_o eye_n and_o pliny_n report_v many_o thing_n of_o tiberius_n caesar_n in_o the_o 11._o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n galen_n also_o in_o the_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr placitis_fw-la hippocratis_fw-la &_o platonis_fw-la make_v mention_v how_o it_o happen_v unto_o one_o many_o night_n before_o he_o utter_o lose_v his_o sight_n that_o he_o perceive_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o light_n to_o issue_n forth_o of_o his_o eye_n furthermore_o that_o the_o eye_n be_v fiery_a may_v be_v thus_o demonstrate_v because_o they_o be_v very_o agile_a pliable_a and_o mooveable_a now_o facility_n of_o motion_n be_v from_o heat_n they_o be_v also_o translucid_a of_o a_o pyramidal_a figure_n and_o full_a of_o spirit_n because_o they_o perform_v their_o function_n in_o a_o moment_n to_o these_o we_o add_v that_o to_o the_o most_o noble_a sensorium_fw-la or_o organ_n be_v due_a the_o noble_a element_n which_o be_v the_o fire_n again_o the_o sense_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v subject_v to_o they_o but_o colour_n be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n for_o so_o plato_n define_v colour_n to_o be_v a_o flame_n yssue_v from_o the_o body_n colour_v last_o the_o eye_n never_o grow_v stiff_a as_o do_v other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o they_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n on_o the_o contrary_a part_n aristotle_n and_o all_o the_o peripatetik_n do_v watery_a the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n that_o the_o eye_n be_v watery_a contend_v that_o the_o eye_n be_v watery_a but_o he_o that_o desire_v more_o satisfaction_n herein_o may_v read_v those_o thing_n which_o the_o same_o aristotle_n write_v against_o the_o platonist_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sensu_fw-la &_o sensili_fw-la we_o will_v subscribe_v rather_o to_o this_o latter_a opinion_n and_o the_o same_o do_v divine_a hypocrates_n affirm_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr locis_fw-la in_o homine_fw-la the_o sight_n be_v nourish_v by_o the_o humidity_n of_o the_o brain_n reason_n the_o authority_n of_o hypocrates_n democritus_n reason_n of_o the_o same_o mind_n also_o be_v democritus_n as_o aristotle_n report_v in_o his_o book_n of_o sense_n lasâ_n anatomy_n and_o the_o whole_a composition_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v convince_v this_o for_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o first_o of_o all_o cause_v vision_n be_v all_o icy_a which_o part_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o glassy_a humour_n have_v in_o the_o forepart_n a_o watery_a humour_n so_o dispose_v for_o a_o defence_n and_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v hurt_v or_o wound_v whatsoever_o do_v flow_v from_o it_o be_v watery_a some_o have_v labour_v to_o reconcile_v plato_n with_o aristotle_n after_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v two_o reproove_v carpentarius_n reconcile_a aristotle_n &_o plato_n be_v reproove_v thing_n to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o eye_n which_o concur_v to_o this_o act_n of_o vision_n first_o a_o most_o clear_a visive_a spirit_n flow_v from_o the_o brain_n through_o the_o optic_a nerve_n and_o secondlie_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n now_o according_a to_o this_o distinction_n they_o say_v that_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o spirit_n &_o the_o internal_a light_n as_o also_o of_o the_o enlighten_v object_v the_o eye_n be_v fiery_a but_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o crystalline_a it_o be_v watery_a but_o this_o distinction_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v altogether_o tolerable_a for_o so_o every_o organ_n shall_v be_v fiery_a because_o the_o organ_n of_o all_o sense_n have_v their_o animal_n spirit_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n tenuity_n and_o brightness_n for_o there_o be_v not_o diverse_a kind_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n that_o some_o shall_v be_v appoint_v to_o the_o sight_n other_o to_o hear_v i_o therefore_o hold_v it_o better_a to_o affirm_v simple_o according_a to_o aristotle_n and_o indeed_o the_o truth_n itself_o that_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n be_v watery_a concern_v those_o reason_n which_o be_v produce_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o platoniste_n answer_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o platoinstâ_n answer_v they_o be_v of_o small_a moment_n for_o the_o eye_n do_v shine_v indeed_o and_o oftentimes_o a_o bright_a splendour_n do_v proceed_v from_o they_o but_o not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fire_n but_o because_o of_o the_o tralucencie_n plainness_n and_o smoothness_n of_o the_o chrystaline_a and_o the_o coat_n for_o whatsoever_o thing_n be_v shine_v why_o the_o eye_n do_v shine_v smooth_a and_o neat_a do_v shine_v in_o the_o dark_a as_o horn_n again_o it_o happen_v because_o the_o external_a light_n receive_v of_o the_o chrystaline_a do_v not_o present_o vanish_v they_o be_v movable_a &_o for_o this_o cause_n call_v by_o the_o poet_n faciles_fw-la yet_o this_o be_v not_o from_o the_o fire_n but_o from_o a_o abundant_a and_o slipry_a humidity_n from_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o six_o strong_a muscle_n by_o which_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n for_o a_o small_a member_n to_o be_v move_v they_o be_v call_v spiritual_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o action_n for_o they_o perform_v their_o function_n spiritual_a why_o they_o be_v call_v spiritual_a in_o a_o instant_n and_o because_o they_o receive_v incorporeal_a and_o immaterial_a species_n or_o form_n produce_v &_o bring_v through_o the_o air_n and_o continual_o offer_v themselves_o
either_o spermaticall_a or_o fleshy_a but_o this_o air_n neither_o derive_v his_o original_a from_o the_o seed_n nor_o from_o part_n the_o inbred_a be_v no_o part_n the_o blood_n therefore_o it_o be_v no_o part_n if_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o indeed_o a_o simple_a air_n but_o a_o kind_n of_o spirit_n i_o again_o reply_n that_o it_o can_v be_v a_o spirit_n for_o if_o you_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v a_o vital_a spirit_n it_o shall_v not_o forsake_v the_o artery_n if_o you_o say_v it_o be_v animal_n then_o shall_v it_o follow_v that_o a_o animal_n spirit_n shall_v be_v account_v the_o chief_a instrument_n in_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o other_o sense_n again_o a_o spirit_n be_v the_o most_o common_a organ_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o that_o noble_a form_n use_v unto_o the_o performance_n of_o all_o her_o function_n but_o as_o there_o be_v a_o peculiar_a part_n in_o the_o eye_n which_o do_v primary_o cause_n vision_n to_o wit_n the_o cristaline_a humour_n a_o similar_v and_o spermaticall_a part_n generate_v of_o the_o pure_a portion_n of_o the_o seed_n so_o there_o must_v be_v such_o a_o similar_v part_n find_v in_o the_o eare._n but_o such_o be_v not_o that_o ingenit_fw-la or_o inbred_a air_n because_o it_o differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o outward_a air_n but_o only_o in_o purity_n and_o rest_n it_o be_v generate_v of_o the_o generate_v how_o it_o be_v generate_v outward_a air_n not_o indeed_o by_o coction_n and_o elaboration_n as_o be_v the_o spirit_n nor_o yet_o by_o any_o action_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o by_o the_o continual_a arrival_n of_o new_a air_n which_o partly_o be_v bring_v through_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o ear_n be_v always_o open_a and_o wind_a unto_o this_o cochlea_n or_o snaile-shell_n partly_o derive_v thither_o by_o inspiration_n through_o a_o certain_a little_a hole_n or_o pipe_n like_o a_o watercourse_n open_v into_o the_o palate_n moreover_o we_o may_v out_o of_o aristotle_n in_o the_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr anima_fw-la prove_v 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by_o the_o beat_n of_o two_o body_n together_o so_o be_v this_o internal_a strucââen_n by_o the_o external_a &_o that_o by_o the_o interjection_n of_o the_o tympane_n or_o drum_n of_o the_o chord_n or_o string_n and_o of_o the_o three_o little_a bone_n the_o same_o air_n be_v alter_v do_v carry_v the_o bare_a character_n and_o species_n of_o the_o sound_v separate_v from_o the_o matter_n to_o a_o nerve_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n lead_v a_o long_a and_o dilate_a in_o each_o eare._n and_o this_o nerve_n be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o heaâing_v as_o the_o mammillary_a process_n be_v of_o the_o smell_n now_o that_o this_o internal_a medium_fw-la be_v require_v in_o every_o sense_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o sense_n the_o internal_a mean_n of_o all_o the_o sense_n example_n for_o the_o watery_a humour_n be_v the_o internal_a medium_fw-la of_o the_o sight_n the_o spittle_n of_o the_o âast_n the_o cuticle_n or_o scarfe-skin_n of_o the_o touch_n and_o the_o spongy_a bone_n of_o the_o smell_n in_o all_o âhich_v the_o form_n be_v separate_v from_o their_o matter_n and_o be_v so_o separate_v be_v convey_v to_o the_o principal_a ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d or_o organ_n that_o be_v the_o crystalline_a for_o the_o sight_n the_o pulp_n of_o the_o tongue_n for_o the_o taste_n the_o mamillarie_n process_n for_o the_o smell_n the_o true_a skin_n for_o the_o touch_n and_o so_o the_o auditory_a nerve_n for_o the_o hear_v qvest._n xliii_o a_o explication_n of_o certain_a hard_a problem_n about_o the_o ear_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o dilucidation_n of_o some_o difficult_a question_n concern_v the_o ear_n which_o knot_n we_o will_v untie_v and_o explain_v for_o a_o conclusion_n of_o these_o controversy_n the_o first_o thing_n propound_v be_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o be_v more_o recreated_a with_o hear_v then_o with_o read_v read_v why_o hear_v be_v more_o delightful_a than_o read_v for_o we_o be_v wonderful_o delight_v in_o the_o hear_n of_o fable_n and_o play_v act_v upon_o a_o stage_n much_o more_o than_o if_o we_o learn_v they_o out_o of_o write_a book_n cardan_n as_o scaliger_n say_v in_o his_o 308_o exercitation_n content_v himself_o with_o cardanus_n cardanus_n this_o only_a reason_n because_o say_v he_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v publish_v in_o book_n be_v make_v vulgar_a and_o common_a and_o therefore_o be_v not_o so_o curious_o nor_o with_o so_o much_o delight_v read_v over_o but_o good_a actor_n be_v more_o rare_a scaliger_n refute_v this_o argument_n both_o because_o good_a book_n be_v as_o rare_a as_o good_a actor_n as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v not_o the_o part_n of_o a_o humane_a ingenuous_a disposition_n but_o of_o a_o livid_a and_o scaliger_n disprove_v by_o scaliger_n malicious_a mind_n to_o esteem_v those_o thing_n most_o precious_a or_o more_o pleasant_a which_o be_v unknown_a to_o other_o scaliger_n therefore_o present_v many_o other_o reason_n of_o this_o problem_n first_o because_o we_o learn_v those_o thing_n which_o we_o hear_v with_o less_o labour_n than_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o read_v reason_n his_o reason_n second_o because_o a_o voice_n do_v more_o affect_v we_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o inflexion_n and_o insinuation_n into_o our_o sense_n whereas_o read_v be_v only_o a_o dumb_a actor_n three_o because_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v hear_v take_v a_o deep_a impression_n in_o our_o mind_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o appulsion_n or_o arrival_n of_o a_o real_a voice_n but_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v be_v always_o intentional_o imprint_v &_o therefore_o the_o act_n of_o see_v be_v soon_o end_v and_o pass_v more_o light_o by_o the_o sense_n than_o the_o act_n of_o hear_v whence_o it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o thing_n see_v do_v not_o stick_v so_o fast_o unto_o us._n and_o this_o the_o apostle_n insinuate_v when_o he_o say_v he_o behold_v his_o face_n in_o a_o glass_n and_o go_v away_o and_o present_o forget_v what_o manner_n of_o one_o he_o be_v neither_o be_v that_o of_o the_o lyric_a poet_n any_o sufficient_a contradiction_n or_o this_o where_o he_o say_v segnius_fw-la irritant_fw-la animos_fw-la demissaper_n aures_fw-la quam_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la oculis_fw-la subject_n a_o fidelibus_fw-la the_o voice_n that_o sink_v in_o by_o the_o ear_n do_v not_o so_o soon_o offend_v or_o gall_v the_o mind_n as_o when_o the_o eye_n more_o faithful_a message_n send_v for_o that_o be_v true_a of_o those_o thing_n which_o we_o do_v only_o believe_v by_o hearsay_n which_o indeed_o do_v not_o so_o near_o affect_v we_o as_o those_o thing_n we_o see_v do_v before_o our_o eye_n the_o four_o reason_n be_v because_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o society_n in_o narration_n and_o act_n which_o be_v very_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n but_o read_v be_v more_o solitary_a five_o because_o a_o certain_a shamefastness_n and_o observancy_n do_v cause_v we_o to_o apply_v our_o ear_n to_o he_o that_o utter_v any_o thing_n by_o voice_n but_o in_o read_v there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o remission_n in_o the_o mind_n and_o security_n from_o any_o blame_n of_o not_o profit_v now_o we_o conceive_v more_o pleasure_n in_o a_o diligent_a and_o curious_a act_n then_o in_o a_o negligent_a and_o careless_a six_o we_o have_v opportunity_n to_o demand_v a_o reason_n of_o some_o doubt_n from_o he_o which_o speak_v to_o we_o and_o thence_o we_o receive_v more_o profit_n than_o by_o bare_a read_n from_o which_o profit_n a_o certain_a delight_n do_v arise_v again_o because_o book_n can_v digress_v from_o their_o discourse_n for_o the_o better_a explication_n of_o a_o thing_n as_o those_o may_n which_o teach_v by_o their_o voice_n for_o in_o change_v of_o word_n or_o mutual_a conference_n many_o pleasant_a passage_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o accident_n as_o the_o
one_o with_o the_o eleven_o table_n of_o the_o eight_o book_n the_o other_o muscle_n be_v seat_v about_o the_o midst_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o hole_n of_o hear_v muscle_n the_o second_o muscle_n call_v meatus_fw-la auditorius_fw-la without_o the_o membran_n of_o the_o tympane_n or_o drum_n and_o about_o the_o invention_n of_o this_o muscle_n two_o of_o the_o best_a anatomist_n of_o padua_n in_o italy_n do_v contend_v for_o hieronimus_fw-la fabricius_n ab_fw-la aquapendente_fw-la affirm_v that_o he_o find_v it_o in_o the_o year_n one_o thereof_o the_o first_o inventor_n thereof_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o ninety_o nine_o also_o julius_n casserius_n placentinus_n say_v that_o he_o observe_v it_o first_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o ninety_o three_o which_o of_o they_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n i_o can_v say_v but_o both_o their_o diligence_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n the_o use_n both_o of_o the_o former_a 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draw_v inward_a together_o with_o the_o membrane_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o air_n do_v with_o his_o own_o motion_n retract_v it_o outward_a again_o and_o contrariwise_o the_o inner_a muscle_n when_o the_o membrane_n be_v thrust_v outward_a retract_v it_o back_o again_o inward_a and_o thus_o these_o two_o muscle_n keep_v the_o membrane_n from_o break_v and_o true_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o this_o office_n of_o the_o custody_n ligament_n why_o these_o must_v needs_o be_v muscle_n not_o ligament_n of_o the_o membrane_n shall_v be_v commit_v to_o a_o muscle_n and_o not_o unto_o a_o ligament_n that_o as_o the_o impulsion_n or_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n against_o the_o membrane_n be_v diverse_a so_o the_o cohibition_n or_o restraint_n and_o retraction_n of_o the_o membrane_n towards_o his_o own_o seat_n shall_v also_o be_v diverse_a now_o we_o know_v that_o a_o ligament_n work_v always_o after_o the_o same_o tenor_n or_o manner_n but_o the_o muscle_n as_o be_v more_o voluntary_a do_v work_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o proportion_n and_o measure_n contract_v or_o relax_v more_o or_o less_o as_o need_n require_v and_o with_o a_o diverse_a motion_n resist_v yield_v to_o or_o amend_v the_o impulsion_n and_o agitation_n of_o the_o air_n thus_o far_o aquapendens_fw-la he_o that_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n about_o these_o muscle_n let_v he_o look_v back_o to_o the_o 19_o chapter_n of_o the_o eight_o book_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o nose_n because_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v very_o requisite_a in_o sudden_a &_o large_a motion_n why_o the_o nostril_n have_v motion_n inspiration_n and_o expiration_n therefore_o nature_n have_v make_v they_o mooveable_a with_o voluntary_a motion_n for_o which_o cause_n there_o be_v certain_a muscle_n insert_v into_o they_o for_o albeit_o the_o dilatation_n and_o constriction_n of_o those_o wing_n may_v be_v do_v by_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o lip_n which_o also_o touch_v they_o as_o also_o the_o first_o muscle_n of_o the_o cheek_n which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o fleshy_a membrane_n tab_v 5._o fig._n 1._o γ_n &_o insert_v into_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nose_n yet_o we_o have_v observe_v in_o they_o that_o have_v large_a nose_n call_v nasuti_n some_o muscle_n peculiar_a unto_o the_o nose_n itself_o and_o these_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n some_o serve_v for_o dilatation_n other_o for_o constriction_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a what_o a_o medley_n of_o opinion_n there_o be_v among_o anatomist_n concern_v sort_n they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o number_n use_n and_o situation_n of_o these_o muscle_n but_o i_o will_v content_v myself_o in_o this_o place_n to_o follow_v bauhinus_n only_o the_o muscle_n therefore_o which_o serve_v for_o dilatation_n of_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n be_v four_o two_o very_a small_a one_o which_o arise_v one_o either_o side_n one_o from_o the_o cheek_n bone_n dilatation_n muscle_n of_o dilatation_n near_o unto_o the_o three_o muscle_n of_o the_o lip_n &_o the_o bony_a canal_n or_o pipe_n which_o be_v near_o the_o nostril_n these_o be_v more_o fleshy_a than_o sinewy_a and_o proceed_v over_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o nose_n &_o be_v insert_v partly_o into_o the_o outward_a wing_n partly_o into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o upper_a lip_n which_o they_o call_v filtrum_fw-la the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v to_o draw_v that_o part_n of_o the_o lip_n together_o with_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n outward_a and_o upward_o whereby_o it_o also_o open_v the_o nostril_n tab._n 5._o fig._n 1._o f._n for_o as_o say_v varolius_n use_n the_o use_n because_o we_o smell_v by_o a_o kind_n of_o traction_n together_o with_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o nose_n the_o nostril_n also_o do_v close_a and_o be_v somewhat_o obstruct_v and_o therefore_o in_o smell_v the_o hole_n of_o the_o nose_n which_o we_o proper_o call_v the_o nostril_n be_v by_o these_o dilate_v muscle_n open_v and_o so_o keep_v the_o two_o other_o muscle_n do_v arise_v with_o a_o sharp_a and_o fleshy_a beginning_n from_o the_o suture_a or_o seam_n of_o the_o forehead_n where_o they_o be_v mingle_v with_o the_o end_n of_o the_o forehead_n muscle_n dilation_n the_o 2._o other_o muscle_n of_o dilation_n unto_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o spin_v of_o the_o nose_n their_o form_n be_v almost_o triangular_a and_o they_o descend_v downward_o oblique_o above_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n where_o become_v broad_a they_o be_v implant_v into_o the_o wing_n and_o with_o their_o right_a fibre_n do_v draw_v they_o upward_o and_o dilate_v they_o there_o be_v also_o four_o muscle_n which_o do_v construe_v or_o contract_v the_o nose_n two_o of_o contraction_n the_o four_o muscle_n of_o contraction_n which_o do_v arise_v fleshy_a about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o wing_n but_o they_o be_v very_o small_a these_o pass_v overthwart_a above_o the_o wing_n and_o embrace_v it_o and_o be_v insert_v at_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o nostril_n the_o use_n of_o these_o be_v that_o be_v contract_v to_o their_o original_n they_o press_v down_o the_o wing_n &_o so_o shut_v the_o nose_n tab_v 5._o fig._n 2._o near_o k._n the_o other_o two_o be_v hide_v within_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nose_n under_o the_o coat_n wherewith_o the_o hole_n be_v compass_v these_o be_v very_o thin_a and_o membranous_a and_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n and_o be_v insert_v into_o the_o wing_n which_o wing_n by_o draw_v they_o inward_a they_o constringe_v or_o straighten_v and_o these_o muscle_n as_o also_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o chapter_n describe_v be_v not_o find_v in_o all_o but_o in_o such_o only_a as_o have_v large_a nose_n as_o we_o say_v before_o tab._n 5._o fig._n 2._o under_o k._n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o common_a muscle_n of_o the_o cheek_n and_o the_o li_n the_o muscle_n which_o be_v common_a to_o the_o cheek_n and_o the_o lip_n be_v four_o two_o on_o either_o side_n call_v quadratus_n and_o buccinator_n the_o square_a muscle_n and_o muscle_n four_o common_a muscle_n the_o squaae_fw-la muscle_n the_o trumpeter_n the_o square_a muscle_n tab_v 6._o fig._n 1._o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d make_v the_o circumscription_n or_o as_o galen_n call_v it_o the_o musculous_a dilatation_n or_o the_o broad_a or_o thin_a muscle_n because_o it_o be_v large_a and_o membranous_a lie_v under_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o also_o be_v spread_v over_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a face_n from_o under_o the_o mouth_n it_o be_v a_o membrane_n increase_v with_o fleshy_a fibre_n which_o yet_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o any_o bone_n these_o fibre_n do_v assend_v upward_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o face_n creep_v by_o degree_n with_o a_o variable_a course_n from_o the_o region_n of_o the_o rackebone_n of_o the_o neck_n on_o the_o
bone_n of_o the_o afterwrist_n which_o sustain_v the_o forefinger_n and_o into_o the_o extremity_n or_o end_n of_o the_o w_n and_z the_o other_o be_v infix_v into_o the_o second_o bone_n of_o the_o afterwrist_n upon_o which_o the_o middle_a finger_n lean_v archangelus_n say_v that_o he_o have_v often_o sound_a this_o two-horned_n muscle_n double_a that_o be_v to_o say_v two_o muscle_n one_o great_a who_o original_n be_v nervous_a &_o who_o tendon_n end_v below_o the_o joint_n of_o the_o arm_n into_o four_o finger_n the_o other_o less_o who_o original_a be_v nervous_a also_o but_o his_o tendon_n end_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o w_n and._n he_o add_v also_o that_o his_o tendon_n be_v first_o broad_a afterward_o round_o these_o two_o extend_v muscle_n if_o they_o work_v together_o do_v bend_v the_o wrist_n outward_a &_o extender_n the_o use_n of_o the_o â_o extender_n extend_v it_o primary_o secondary_o also_o the_o band_n and_o be_v holpen_v by_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o third_o muscle_n which_o extend_v the_o thumb_n secondary_o also_o they_o lead_v the_o wrist_n about_o when_o one_o in_o his_o motion_n immediate_o follow_v another_o but_o when_o one_o of_o they_o only_o work_v then_o diverse_a motion_n be_v produce_v for_o if_o either_o they_o work_v asunder_o or_o one_o of_o the_o bender_n work_v together_o with_o a_o extender_n it_o move_v the_o wrist_n oblique_o and_o to_o the_o side_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o afterwrist_n and_o the_o wrist_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o chest_n chap._n xxxiii_o of_o the_o muscle_n of_o respiration_n the_o chest_n contain_v the_o instrument_n or_o organ_n of_o life_n life_n can_v be_v maintain_v without_o respiration_n neither_o can_v respiration_n be_v perform_v move_v why_o the_o chest_n move_v without_o motion_n it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o the_o chest_n must_v needs_o be_v move_v for_o respiration_n sake_n if_o it_o be_v demand_v why_o respiration_n be_v so_o necessary_a we_o answer_v because_o of_o the_o high_a and_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o heart_n which_o by_o the_o air_n attract_v in_o respiration_n be_v refrigerated_a and_o cool_v even_o as_o a_o man_n face_n in_o summer_n be_v cool_v by_o a_o fan_n that_o waft_v fresh_a air_n unto_o it_o now_o the_o chest_n be_v move_v either_o by_o itself_o or_o by_o accident_n when_o it_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o spin_v or_o rackbone_n of_o the_o back_n for_o when_o the_o back_n be_v bend_v the_o chest_n be_v also_o bend_v with_o it_o it_o be_v move_v by_o itself_o and_o with_o a_o proper_a and_o peculiar_a motion_n for_o respiration_n sake_n motion_n his_o different_a motion_n which_o respiration_n be_v accomplish_v by_o a_o double_a motion_n of_o the_o chest_n which_o be_v dilate_v when_o inspiration_n be_v make_v that_o be_v when_o we_o draw_v the_o air_n into_o our_o lung_n and_o so_o cool_a the_o heat_n of_o our_o heart_n or_o contract_v in_o expiration_n that_o be_v when_o the_o air_n be_v drive_v back_o through_o the_o rough_a artery_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o the_o sooty_a excrement_n be_v blow_v away_o lest_o the_o heart_n shall_v be_v suffocace_v by_o they_o in_o these_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n we_o must_v consider_v notwithstanding_o that_o in_o inspiration_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o chest_n be_v dilate_v and_o the_o upper_a angustated_a or_o straytn_v on_o the_o contrary_a in_o expiration_n the_o low_a be_v constringed_a or_o straytn_v the_o upper_a dilate_a and_o bony_a why_o not_o bony_a this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o chest_n be_v not_o make_v of_o one_o bone_n as_o be_v the_o scull_n but_o of_o many_o which_o also_o be_v join_v together_o by_o gristle_n that_o their_o motion_n may_v be_v more_o pliant_a and_o easy_a but_o as_o the_o heart_n be_v move_v with_o natural_a motion_n so_o the_o chest_n be_v move_v partly_o with_o natural_a partly_o with_o voluntary_a motion_n with_o natural_a because_o in_o our_o sleep_n it_o be_v move_v motion_n the_o kind_n of_o motion_n naturally_n not_o according_a to_o our_o will._n with_o voluntary_a for_o we_o have_v read_v of_o some_o that_o by_o retain_v their_o breath_n have_v hasten_v death_n upon_o themselves_o as_o for_o the_o lung_n they_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n especial_o to_o avoid_v vacuity_n as_o well_o in_o those_o that_o sleep_v as_o in_o those_o that_o be_v awake_a philosopher_n do_v differ_v much_o concern_v these_o motion_n but_o because_o we_o have_v already_o touch_v upon_o their_o disputation_n in_o the_o ten_o question_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n we_o will_v not_o here_o tautoligize_v though_o haply_o we_o may_v say_v something_o now_o because_o this_o volume_n grow_v far_o beyond_o that_o extent_n which_o be_v first_o limit_v for_o it_o the_o chest_n therefore_o need_v muscle_n for_o respiration_n respiration_n be_v absolve_v by_o his_o diastole_n or_o dilatation_n when_o we_o breath_n in_o &_o by_o his_o systole_n or_o contraction_n when_o we_o breathe_v out_o respiration_n how_o respiration_n be_v make_v the_o number_n of_o the_o muscle_n of_o respiration_n these_o muscle_n be_v in_o all_o 65._o on_o each_o side_n 32._o that_o be_v to_o say_v 22._o intercostal_n muscle_n 11._o internal_a and_o as_o many_o external_a and_o one_o which_o be_v common_a to_o both_o side_n call_v septum_fw-la transuersum_fw-la or_o the_o midriff_n of_o these_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o in_o the_o four_o and_o five_o chapter_n of_o the_o sixth_o book_n there_o remain_v yet_o the_o proper_a muscle_n of_o the_o chest_n six_o on_o either_o side_n unless_o it_o please_v you_o to_o add_v three_o more_o according_a to_o falopius_n final_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la which_o help_v also_o our_o respiration_n be_v on_o each_o side_n four_o beside_o the_o pyramidals_n or_o spirie_n muscle_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a sum_n will_v now_o amount_v to_o 7â_n of_o these_o some_o be_v common_a as_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la which_z beside_o respiration_n respiration_n 2._o kind_n of_o respiration_n do_v serve_v also_o for_o other_o purpose_n other_o be_v proper_a and_o serve_v for_o respiration_n alone_o but_o respiration_n be_v double_a one_o free_a or_o natural_a the_o other_o constrain_v or_o violent_a that_o we_o call_v free_a which_o be_v do_v gentle_o and_o easy_o that_o be_v when_o in_o inspiration_n there_o be_v free_n free_n without_o constraint_n so_o much_o air_n draw_v in_o as_o may_v suffice_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o vital_a spirit_n and_o in_o expiration_n when_o a_o part_n of_o the_o attract_a air_n be_v again_o gentle_o return_v for_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o voice_n and_o both_o these_o be_v wrought_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o midriff_n alone_o the_o first_o by_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o midriff_n wherein_o the_o end_n of_o the_o bastard_n rib_n be_v gather_v a_o little_a upward_o the_o low_a and_o forward_a part_n of_o the_o chest_n angustate_v or_o straighten_a and_o the_o backepart_v enlarge_v to_o the_o rackebone_n the_o seven_o low_a rib_n part_v as_o it_o be_v asunder_o and_o so_o the_o chest_n dilate_v the_o second_o when_o the_o midriff_n be_v relax_v or_o loosen_v for_o then_o the_o chest_n do_v easy_o violent_a violent_a fall_v with_o his_o own_o weight_n we_o call_v that_o respiration_n constrain_v when_o the_o dilatation_n or_o contraction_n of_o the_o chest_n be_v evident_a that_o be_v when_o in_o inspiration_n the_o breath_n be_v draw_v with_o violence_n or_o vehemency_n as_o it_o happen_v when_o the_o heart_n be_v too_o much_o heat_v and_o in_o expiration_n when_o the_o air_n be_v forcible_o blow_v out_o as_o when_o we_o will_v speak_v or_o hallow_v aloud_o when_o we_o will_v cough_v or_o sneese_n or_o else_o when_o upon_o expulsion_n it_o be_v retain_v when_o we_o will_v make_v use_n of_o the_o midrife_n in_o evacuation_n of_o excrement_n or_o such_o like_a this_o respiration_n be_v absolve_v by_o sixty_o four_o muscle_n assist_v by_o the_o midriff_n yet_o so_o that_o in_o inspiration_n few_o muscle_n do_v labour_v they_o in_o expiration_n in_o inspiration_n that_o which_o be_v move_v how_o the_o muscle_n move_v call_v subclavius_n serratus_fw-la maior_fw-la serratus_fw-la posticus_fw-la superior_a &_o inferior_a and_o falopius_n his_o 3._o muscle_n the_o intercostall_a muscle_n do_v also_o confer_v to_o this_o business_n but_o that_o by_o accident_n only_o in_o expiration_n more_o muscle_n be_v require_v because_o we_o breathe_v out_o with_o great_a strength_n than_o we_o breathe_v in_o these_o be_v call_v sacrolumbus_n triangularis_fw-la and_o all_o the_o intercostalls_n for_o the_o exterior_a do_v lead_v the_o low_a rib_n upward_o and_o the_o interior_a the_o upward_a rib_n downward_o the_o eight_o muscle_n of_o the_o abdomen_fw-la and_o haply_o in_o great_a necessity_n the_o muscle_n of_o the_o arm_n and_o the_o shoulder_n
fall_v again_o lung_n of_o the_o lung_n without_o violence_n and_o so_o ready_o obey_v or_o follow_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o chest_n it_o be_v rare_a and_o spungy_a that_o like_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_n it_o may_v present_o be_v fill_v with_o the_o air_n we_o breathe_v in_o as_o also_o to_o make_v the_o way_n fit_a for_o the_o breathe_n out_o of_o sooty_a and_o smoky_a vapour_n this_o flesh_n prepare_v for_o the_o heart_n one_o of_o the_o material_n of_o the_o vital_a spirit_n that_o be_v air_n for_o the_o outward_a air_n which_o have_v much_o impurity_n mix_v therewith_o can_v not_o at_o the_o first_o hand_n be_v make_v a_o fit_a nourishment_n for_o the_o inward_a spirit_n &_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v alter_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o by_o some_o stay_v make_v in_o the_o lung_n acquire_v or_o attain_v a_o quality_n familiar_a to_o the_o inbred_a spirit_n concern_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v refer_v heart_n of_o the_o heart_n to_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o bowel_n or_o to_o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o muscle_n galen_n hold_v on_o neither_o side_n for_o a_o parenchyma_n have_v no_o fibre_n the_o heart_n be_v weave_v with_o they_o after_o a_o strange_a and_o admirable_a manner_n again_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o muscle_n be_v voluntary_a so_o be_v not_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o flesh_n therefore_o of_o the_o heart_n be_v peculiar_a to_o itself_o alone_o such_o as_o you_o can_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a body_n again_o there_o be_v no_o less_o scruple_n also_o concern_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o tongue_n for_o it_o be_v as_o nimble_a as_o a_o ecle_fw-mi turn_v itself_o into_o a_o thousand_o motion_n yet_o be_v there_o no_o fibre_n run_v therethrough_a and_o therefore_o the_o flesh_n thereof_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v musculous_a rather_o if_o all_o thing_n be_v consider_v it_o incline_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o parenchyma_n and_o so_o much_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o bowel_n or_o entrail_n chap._n xlii_o what_o a_o glandule_n be_v and_o how_o many_o kind_n there_o be_v of_o they_o because_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v define_v a_o glandule_n to_o be_v a_o flesh_n roll_v up_o into_o itself_o i_o have_v thought_n sit_v say_v laurentius_n for_o order_n sake_n to_o refer_v the_o be_v what_o a_o glandule_n be_v whole_a kind_n or_o kin_n of_o glandule_n unto_o flesh_n a_o glandule_n therefore_o which_o the_o grecian_n call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d be_v a_o simple_a part_n rare_a and_o flyable_a soft_a like_o a_o sponge_n appoint_v by_o nature_n to_o firm_a and_o establish_v the_o vessel_n to_o suck_v or_o drink_v up_o superfluous_a humour_n and_o to_o water_n or_o dew_v some_o part_n that_o stand_v need_n of_o moisture_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la whether_o it_o be_v hypocrates_n or_o polybius_n have_v elegant_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o glandule_n where_o he_o say_v their_o nature_n be_v spungy_a for_o they_o be_v rare_a and_o fat_a that_o they_o be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n you_o shall_v easy_o find_v if_o you_o press_v they_o hard_o betwixt_o your_o finger_n for_o they_o will_v yield_v a_o oily_a humour_n and_o blood_n white_a like_o phlegm_n now_o it_o be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v such_o a_o substance_n not_o for_o nought_o but_o for_o some_o particular_a and_o especial_a use_n that_o use_n be_v threefold_a the_o first_o use_n of_o glandule_n be_v to_o firm_a or_o establish_v the_o divarication_n or_o division_n of_o the_o vessel_n for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v lest_o the_o vessel_n run_v through_o large_a and_o ample_a cavity_n glandule_n the_o first_o use_n of_o glandule_n if_o they_o have_v no_o other_o muniment_n or_o defence_n save_v their_o own_o membrane_n will_v in_o violent_a motion_n be_v break_v off_o as_o in_o great_a wind_n bough_n be_v tear_v from_o a_o tree_n unless_o these_o glandulous_a body_n do_v lie_v soft_a under_o they_o and_o establish_v and_o sustain_v they_o and_o therefore_o where_o the_o vessel_n be_v fork_v or_o divide_v there_o nature_n have_v ever_o place_v glandule_n under_o they_o so_o in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o gate-veine_n there_o be_v a_o notable_a glandule_n call_v pancreas_n or_o the_o sweetebread_n in_o the_o divarication_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o mesentery_n there_o be_v glandule_n almost_o infinite_a in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o ascend_a trunk_n of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n be_v the_o glandule_n call_v thymus_n which_o be_v the_o sweetebread_n in_o calf_n in_o the_o vessel_n of_o the_o brain_n the_o glandule_n call_v conarium_fw-la or_o the_o pine-glandule_a in_o the_o the_o neck_n in_o the_o arm_n pit_n and_o in_o the_o groyne_n where_o the_o jugular_a axillary_a and_o crurall_a vein_n be_v divide_v there_o be_v glandule_n place_v to_o support_v their_o division_n wherefore_o they_o be_v make_v soft_a and_o rare_a that_o neither_o their_o hardness_n may_v offend_v the_o vessel_n and_o by_o yield_v they_o may_v give_v way_n to_o the_o distention_n when_o they_o strut_v with_o blood_n the_o second_o use_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v like_a sponge_n to_o suck_v and_o drink_v up_o phlegm_n whey_n use_n their_o second_o use_n and_o other_o superuacuous_a humour_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o rush_v upon_o the_o more_o noble_a part_n in_o which_o respect_n their_o form_n be_v round_o somewhat_o long_o and_o their_o substance_n rare_a and_o open_a so_o fit_v to_o receive_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o any_o kind_n of_o influxion_n this_o use_n the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr glandulis_fw-la open_v unto_o we_o in_o these_o word_n they_o bear_v away_o the_o redundancie_n or_o surplusage_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n and_o that_o indeed_o be_v their_o familiar_a alement_n it_o may_v also_o by_o reason_n be_v demonstrate_v that_o they_o be_v ordain_v by_o nature_n to_o purge_v away_o moist_a superfluity_n for_o those_o part_n that_o be_v hollow_a and_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v moist_a and_o full_a of_o blood_n have_v more_o and_o large_a glandule_n than_o those_o that_o be_v solid_a and_o less_o succulent_a as_o be_v the_o joint_n so_o behind_o the_o ear_n about_o the_o neck_n where_o the_o iugular_a vein_n run_v about_o the_o arm_n pit_n where_o the_o axillary_a branch_n be_v and_o about_o the_o groyne_n where_o the_o crurall_a vein_n appear_v there_o be_v notable_a glandule_n which_o receive_v the_o superfluity_n of_o the_o principal_a part_n the_o brain_n the_o heart_n and_o the_o liver_n which_o glandule_n be_v common_o call_v emunctory_n and_o if_o they_o swell_v or_o be_v otherwise_o affect_v they_o betoken_v the_o distemper_n of_o their_o own_o bowel_z or_o some_o ill_a disposition_n therein_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o second_o section_n of_o his_o 6._o book_n epidemion_n say_v abscess_n or_o aposteme_n as_o for_o example_n the_o tumour_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v produce_v as_o fruitless_a water_n shoot_v of_o those_o place_n out_o of_o which_o they_o grow_v they_o also_o bewray_v the_o condition_n of_o other_o place_n and_o part_n and_o especial_o of_o the_o bowel_n galen_n also_o in_o the_o thirteen_o book_n of_o his_o method_n say_v that_o when_o a_o apostemation_n arise_v near_o any_o notable_a artery_n or_o vein_n sudden_o do_v spring_v up_o bubones_fw-la that_o be_v inflammation_n of_o the_o glandule_n three_o we_o add_v in_o the_o definition_n that_o the_o use_n of_o the_o glandule_n be_v to_o irrigate_n or_o use_v the_o thire_n use_v water_n some_o part_n lest_o they_o shall_v too_o easy_o be_v exiccate_v and_o dry_v or_o make_v unfit_a for_o motion_n such_o be_v some_o of_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o mesentery_n which_o with_o their_o moisture_n do_v dew_n the_o gut_n such_o be_v also_o the_o glandule_n of_o the_o throttle_v or_o the_o tongue_n which_o engender_v or_o gather_v spittle_n the_o glandule_n in_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o eye_n do_v make_v much_o towards_o the_o celerity_n and_o ease_v their_o motion_n and_o final_o those_o prostrate_a glandule_n in_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bladder_n do_v water_n and_o moisten_v the_o vreter_n with_o a_o oily_a humidity_n lest_o it_o shall_v be_v offend_v by_o the_o acrimony_n of_o the_o urine_n and_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o glandule_n proper_o so_o call_v there_o be_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o glandule_n which_o may_v more_o true_o be_v call_v glandulous_a body_n their_o substance_n indeed_o be_v like_a unto_o a_o glandule_n that_o be_v rare_a and_o lax_n but_o it_o be_v ordain_v body_n glandulous_a body_n by_o nature_n for_o the_o generation_n of_o humour_n or_o ivyce_n which_o be_v profitable_a for_o the_o creature_n proper_a or_o simple_a glandule_n have_v neither_o peculiar_a vein_n nor_o
also_o to_o add_v something_o unto_o the_o perfection_n of_o his_o concoction_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o these_o value_n be_v ordain_v to_o stay_v the_o course_n and_o violence_n of_o the_o blood_n that_o the_o vein_n may_v have_v time_n to_o bestow_v their_o travel_n upon_o it_o three_o they_o add_v strength_n unto_o the_o vein_n for_o be_v it_o not_o for_o these_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o where_o a_o varix_fw-la happen_v there_o either_o the_o vein_n will_v break_v or_o at_o least_o the_o dilatation_n be_v much_o more_o offensive_a for_o because_o the_o vein_n be_v of_o a_o membranous_a simple_a and_o thin_a substance_n it_o may_v easy_o be_v streatched_a or_o break_a four_o when_o we_o exercise_v our_o joint_n vehement_o and_o often_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o part_n be_v stir_v up_o and_o the_o blood_n partly_o disturb_v partly_o call_v into_o the_o joint_n where_o the_o value_n do_v break_v the_o force_n of_o it_o and_o so_o keep_v it_o from_o mischief_n final_o if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o they_o in_o those_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o joint_n the_o whole_a mass_n almost_o of_o blood_n will_v be_v call_v into_o the_o arm_n and_o the_o leg_n and_o so_o the_o principal_a part_n or_o bowel_n of_o the_o body_n be_v defraud_v of_o their_o allowance_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o value_v only_o because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o well_o know_v nor_o so_o ordinary_o demonstrate_v as_o the_o other_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n we_o have_v exhibit_v in_o this_o chap._n 4._o table_n two_o of_o the_o hand_n and_o 2._o of_o the_o foot_n wherein_o the_o value_v of_o the_o vein_n be_v very_o lively_o describe_v and_o so_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o book_n which_o be_v concern_v the_o artery_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o eleaventh_o book_n concern_v artery_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o artery_n in_o general_n as_o the_o liver_n be_v the_o begin_n of_o radication_n and_o dispensation_n to_o the_o vein_n so_o be_v the_o heart_n to_o the_o artery_n this_o artery_n the_o grecian_n call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d because_o it_o be_v as_o a_o ark_n or_o conceptacle_n of_o arterial_a blood_n aristotle_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr histori_fw-la ãâ¦ã_o think_v artery_n the_o name_n of_o a_o artery_n it_o be_v call_v aorta_fw-la because_o his_o nervous_a part_n ãâ¦ã_o even_o in_o a_o dead_a body_n other_o think_v it_o be_v calleâ_n ãâ¦ã_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d that_o be_v to_o draw_v air_n other_o ãâ¦ã_o which_o signify_v to_o lift_v up_o for_o in_o their_o dilatation_n thâ_n ãâ¦ã_o themselves_o hypocrates_n call_v artery_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d but_o micantes_fw-la that_o be_v beating_z ãâ¦ã_o manner_n do_v the_o arabian_n style_v they_o and_o avicen_n call_v they_o venas_fw-la audacâ_n ãâ¦ã_o pliny_n call_v they_o spiritus_fw-la semita_fw-la the_o path_n or_o walk_v of_o the_o spirit_n where_o ãâ¦ã_o of_o the_o ancient_n which_o write_v before_o galen_n you_o meet_v with_o the_o word_n ãâ¦ã_o must_v you_o understand_v it_o of_o the_o rough_a artery_n for_o so_o hypocrates_n plato_n ãâ¦ã_o call_v that_o pipe_n which_o descend_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n into_o the_o lung_n and_o ãâ¦ã_o ânspirated_a air_n into_o they_o and_o by_o which_o we_o return_v our_o breath_n out_o but_o galen_n and_o thâse_a after_o he_o call_v it_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la and_o if_o they_o speak_v of_o a_o artery_n simple_o we_o must_v understand_v it_o of_o the_o smooth_a artery_n there_o be_v three_o fort_n of_o artery_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o rough_a artery_n of_o which_o we_o artery_n 3._o sort_n of_o artery_n speak_v in_o the_o sixth_o book_n the_o other_o be_v call_v the_o venall_n artery_n of_o which_o also_o we_o speak_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o heart_n the_o three_o be_v call_v the_o great_a artery_n which_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o discourse_n at_o this_o time_n we_o consider_v it_o therefore_o as_o it_o be_v similar_v and_o as_o it_o be_v organical_a as_o it_o be_v similar_v in_o similar_v a_o artery_n as_o it_o be_v similar_v may_v be_v define_v a_o cold_a and_o dry_a part_n engender_v of_o the_o slimy_a part_n of_o the_o seed_n cold_a it_o be_v of_o his_o own_o nature_n for_o by_o event_n it_o be_v most_o hot_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o spirit_n therein_o contain_v it_o be_v dry_a less_o dry_a than_o a_o tendon_n and_o more_o dry_a than_o a_o nerve_n but_o against_o this_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o galen_n in_o his_o second_o book_n ad_fw-la glauconem_fw-la say_v that_o nervous_a part_n require_v more_o dry_v then_o arterial_a and_o therefore_o be_v dry_a than_o they_o solution_n objection_n solution_n i_o answer_v that_o by_o nervous_a part_n in_o that_o place_n he_o do_v not_o understand_v nerve_n proper_o so_o call_v but_o nervous_a body_n as_o ligament_n and_o tendon_n if_o we_o consider_v a_o artery_n as_o it_o be_v a_o organical_a part_n it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o common_a instrument_n of_o the_o body_n long_o round_o and_o fistulate_v compound_v of_o two_o peculiar_a coat_n intertex_v or_o weave_v with_o fibres_n receyve_v and_o contain_v blood_n and_o vital_a organical_a as_o organical_a spirit_n labour_v of_o a_o permixtion_n of_o blood_n and_o air_n in_o the_o left_a ventricle_n of_o the_o hart_n which_o also_o it_o convey_v unto_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n together_o with_o heat_n to_o sustain_v their_o life_n the_o substance_n thereof_o be_v membranous_a or_o nervous_a that_o it_o may_v better_o be_v distend_v or_o substavee_n the_o substavee_n compress_v which_o conformation_n be_v more_o necessary_a for_o artery_n then_o for_o vein_n because_o of_o their_o motion_n the_o coat_n be_v one_o outward_a which_o be_v thin_a rare_a and_o soft_a like_o the_o coat_n of_o a_o vein_n weave_v with_o many_o right_a fibre_n and_o some_o oblique_a but_o none_o transuerse_a another_o inward_a fivefolde_a coat_n coat_n thick_a than_o the_o former_a fast_o and_o hard_o partly_o that_o the_o arterial_a and_o spirituous_a blood_n which_o be_v thin_a pure_a and_o vaporous_a and_o the_o vital_a spirit_n may_v not_o exhale_v or_o vanish_v away_o partly_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o continual_a diastole_n add_v systole_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o heart_n as_o from_o a_o begin_n of_o dispensation_n it_o may_v not_o be_v break_v it_o be_v also_o full_a of_o transuerse_a fibre_n the_o better_a to_o distribute_v the_o blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n to_o the_o whole_a body_n in_o his_o action_n &_o motion_n for_o the_o inner_a coat_n only_o of_o the_o artery_n have_v these_o transuerse_a fibres_fw-fr to_o these_o two_o coat_n galen_n add_v a_o three_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o seven_o book_n de_fw-fr administrationibus_fw-la anatom_n which_o some_o say_v be_v produce_v from_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o heart_n it_o be_v in_o the_o inner_a surface_n of_o the_o vessel_n much_o like_o a_o cobweb_n and_o most_o conspicuous_a about_o the_o production_n of_o the_o great_a artery_n moreover_o they_o receyve_v a_o common_a and_o fine_a membrane_n in_o the_o low_a belly_n from_o the_o rim_z in_o the_o chest_n from_o the_o pleura_fw-la which_o cover_v they_o firm_v they_o or_o ty_v they_o to_o the_o neighbour-part_n yet_o those_o artery_n which_o run_v through_o the_o bowel_n have_v not_o this_o coat_n the_o great_a artery_n be_v sometime_o call_v simple_o great_a sometime_o the_o great_a sometime_o the_o thick_a artery_n sometime_o aorta_n and_o be_v indeed_o the_o mother_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o artery_n artery_n the_o great_a artery_n except_o the_o rough_a artery_n and_o the_o venal_a and_o umbilicall_a artery_n be_v like_o a_o trunk_n or_o body_n of_o a_o tree_n out_o of_o which_o all_o the_o branch_n do_v issue_n it_o be_v engender_v say_v bauhine_v out_o of_o galen_n de_fw-fr formatione_fw-la foetus_fw-la before_o the_o heart_n be_v form_v and_o have_v one_o principle_n of_o original_a that_o be_v the_o seed_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v immediate_o make_v as_o be_v engender_v at_o the_o original_n his_o original_n same_o time_n with_o other_o spermaticall_a part_n another_o of_o dispensation_n and_o radication_n which_o be_v the_o heart_n or_o the_o left_a ventricle_n thereof_o out_o of_o which_o it_o yssu_v with_o a_o patent_n or_o open_a orifice_n whereby_o it_o receyve_v from_o the_o heart_n in_o his_o contraction_n blood_n and_o vital_a spirit_n together_o value_v value_v with_o heat_n to_o be_v transport_v to_o the_o body_n but_o because_o in_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o hart_n this_o blood_n and_o these_o spirit_n shall_v not_o return_v again_o into_o the_o ventricle_n there_o be_v place_v in_o his_o orifice_n three_o value_n yssue_v from_o within_o outward_a as_o also_o there_o be_v in_o the_o arterial_a vein_n but_o these_o of_o the_o artery_n be_v strong_a
sight_n of_o both_o eye_n may_v be_v unite_v into_o one_o but_o i_o do_v not_o think_v say_v archangelus_n that_o nature_n have_v any_o such_o scope_n in_o her_o first_o intention_n the_o five_o and_o last_o reason_n give_v of_o the_o unition_n be_v the_o most_o probable_a and_o that_o be_v that_o these_o soft_a nerve_n may_v not_o be_v put_v to_o distress_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o passage_n whereto_o say_v the_o truth_n they_o be_v in_o most_o danger_n as_o well_o because_o of_o their_o notable_a cavity_n as_o also_o because_o of_o archangelus_n archangelus_n their_o softness_n for_o they_o walk_v through_o the_o moist_a part_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o be_v the_o low_a and_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v require_v such_o a_o cavity_n and_o such_o a_o softness_n thus_o far_o archangelus_n they_o be_v call_v optic_a nerve_n that_o be_v visive_a from_o their_o action_n because_o they_o communicate_v optic_n the_o name_n of_o the_o optic_n the_o visive_a faculty_n or_o the_o sense_n of_o see_v unto_o the_o eye_n they_o be_v call_v also_o by_o herophilus_n meatus_fw-la visorij_fw-la because_o say_v he_o they_o only_o be_v sensible_o bore_v which_o also_o galen_n approve_v who_o say_v that_o they_o be_v manifest_o perforate_v at_o each_o end_n many_o dissector_n be_v able_a to_o perceive_v their_o perforation_n in_o the_o low_a part_n where_o they_o touch_v the_o eye_n but_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o the_o 7._o book_n de_fw-la placitis_fw-la he_o that_o will_v discern_v the_o other_o perforation_n that_o be_v at_o their_o original_n must_v observe_v three_o thing_n first_o that_o the_o creature_n which_o he_o dissect_v be_v great_a second_o that_o the_o dissection_n be_v make_v present_o after_o death_n three_o that_o the_o air_n be_v clear_a and_o lucide_v where_o he_o make_v his_o dissection_n he_o add_v also_o in_o the_o same_o place_n a_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o these_o nerve_n shall_v rather_o be_v perforate_v then_o any_o other_o and_o that_o be_v because_o these_o nerve_n do_v lead_v along_o the_o animal_n faculty_n by_o animal_n spirit_n or_o by_o a_o spiritual_a substance_n for_o the_o rest_n they_o need_v only_o be_v perforare_v whether_o the_o optic_n be_v perforare_v porous_a without_o any_o hole_n or_o perforation_n because_o the_o faculty_n in_o they_o be_v convey_v no_o by_o animal_n spirit_n but_o only_o by_o a_o beam_a irradiation_n but_o the_o latter_a anatomist_n with_o one_o consent_n do_v deny_v any_o such_o conspicuous_a perforation_n vesalius_n i_o never_o meet_v with_o it_o although_o i_o have_v cut_v up_o dog_n alive_a and_o other_o large_a creature_n only_o for_o this_o purpose_n yea_o say_v he_o i_o have_v open_v the_o head_n of_o a_o man_n within_o less_o than_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n after_o it_o be_v cut_v off_o anatomist_n opinion_n of_o anatomist_n and_o have_v careful_o keep_v it_o warm_a with_o hot_a water_n and_o yet_o can_v never_o find_v any_o such_o perforation_n falopius_fw-la in_o his_o observation_n the_o opticke_n be_v not_o manifest_o perforate_v columbus_n no_o poor_a or_o hole_n may_v be_v see_v in_o they_o neither_o in_o a_o ox_n nor_o any_o great_a creature_n laurentius_n i_o never_o observe_v any_o conspicuous_a cavity_n volcher_n the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v not_o make_v of_o a_o solid_a and_o perforated_a body_n but_o of_o many_o nervous_a fibre_n bind_v and_o unite_v by_o membrane_n thus_o you_o see_v that_o the_o stream_n of_o anatomist_n run_v direct_o against_o this_o opinion_n of_o galen_n and_o they_o render_v a_o reason_n for_o say_v they_o their_o substance_n be_v rare_a and_o soft_a the_o spirit_n may_v easy_o pass_v through_o they_o unto_o the_o eye_n yea_o all_o the_o sinew_n although_o they_o have_v no_o visible_a hole_n yet_o be_v they_o full_a of_o spirit_n for_o the_o sense_n be_v hinder_v both_o by_o compression_n and_o by_o obstruction_n so_o if_o a_o nerve_n be_v intercept_v with_o a_o band_n or_o tie_v the_o part_n below_o lose_v nerve_n question_n concern_v the_o sâârits_n in_o the_o nerve_n sense_n for_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o upper_a part_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o low_a there_o be_v no_o communion_n between_o they_o but_o if_o the_o tie_n be_v take_v away_o the_o sense_n return_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o optic_n be_v obstruct_v in_o that_o disease_n which_o the_o arabian_n call_v gutta_n serena_fw-la the_o action_n of_o see_v be_v utter_o take_v away_o but_o whether_o we_o be_v to_o believe_v that_o in_o every_o nerve_n there_o be_v a_o spirit_n as_o there_o be_v a_o spirit_n in_o the_o brain_n which_o be_v perish_v the_o whole_a creature_n become_v stupid_a and_o be_v strong_a or_o plentiful_a serve_v for_o the_o sense_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n and_o whether_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o spirit_n they_o be_v inbred_a and_o seat_v in_o the_o nerve_n of_o the_o part_n and_o only_o awake_v by_o a_o message_n from_o the_o brain_n or_o whether_o at_o such_o time_n as_o we_o will_v move_v any_o member_n the_o motive_n spirit_n fall_v from_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o nerve_n we_o confess_v with_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v that_o we_o be_v not_o able_a absolute_o to_o determine_v bauhine_n conclude_v that_o these_o nerve_n be_v not_o only_o thick_a and_o of_o a_o rare_a texture_n invest_v by_o both_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o fit_a to_o give_v way_n for_o the_o transportation_n of_o the_o determination_n bauhine_v determination_n spirit_n but_o also_o say_v he_o we_o believe_v with_o galen_n that_o they_o be_v porous_a as_o will_v especial_o appear_v if_o they_o be_v sod_v and_o archangelus_n say_v that_o in_o the_o coition_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n there_o be_v a_o common_a cavity_n ensculpt_v out_o of_o one_o into_o another_o we_o say_v also_o with_o galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chapter_n of_o his_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o the_o optic_n in_o dignity_n be_v prefer_v worthy_o before_o the_o move_a nerve_n of_o the_o eye_n because_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o vision_n or_o sight_n consist_v in_o they_o moreover_o say_v bauhine_v while_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o skull_n certain_a branch_n of_o the_o sleepy_a artery_n do_v on_o either_o side_n touch_v they_o which_o observation_n he_o take_v out_o of_o galen_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v the_o use_n of_o the_o optic_a nerve_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o according_a to_o all_o anatomist_n who_o herein_o do_v accord_n with_o galen_n that_o through_o they_o the_o sensative_a soul_n and_o the_o visive_a spirit_n optic_n the_o use_n of_o the_o optic_n be_v convey_v out_o of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n into_o the_o eye_n the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o brain_n be_v of_o the_o nerve_n that_o move_v the_o eye_n tab._n 22_o fig._n 1_o and_o 2._o k_o distinguish_v from_o the_o former_a conjugation_n only_o by_o a_o thin_a bone_n this_o original_n the_o second_o conjugation_n of_o the_o eyemoover_n their_o original_n conjugation_n be_v small_a and_o fine_a much_o less_o than_o the_o former_a and_o hard_a because_o it_o be_v to_o be_v insert_v into_o muscle_n it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o basis_n of_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o so_o run_v forward_o unto_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o eye_n where_o it_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n through_o a_o proper_a hole_n account_v for_o the_o second_o perforation_n of_o the_o wedge_n bone_n this_o hole_n be_v not_o round_o as_o that_o which_o be_v bore_v for_o the_o opticke_n but_o somewhat_o long_o say_v galen_n in_o the_o eight_o chap._n of_o his_o 9_o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la because_o three_o nerve_n be_v to_o skull_n where_o they_o pass_v the_o skull_n pass_v through_o it_o this_o the_o three_o conjugation_n or_o the_o second_o branch_n of_o the_o three_o pair_n common_o so_o call_v and_o the_o eight_o conjugation_n or_o the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o five_o pair_n and_o therefore_o columbus_n and_o archangelus_n call_v it_o fissuram_fw-la orbitae_fw-la a_o cleave_a or_o chink_n of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n this_o move_a nerve_n have_v perforate_v the_o bone_n be_v fasten_v to_o the_o optic_a and_o divide_v pâire_n the_o division_n ãâã_d pâire_n into_o good_a large_a branch_n which_o be_v convey_v to_o the_o seven_o muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n say_v vesalius_n and_o platerus_n to_o slay_v muscle_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o to_o two_o of_o the_o eyelid_n say_v columbus_n and_o archangelus_n to_o four_o only_o of_o the_o eye_n and_o that_o that_o lift_v up_o the_o eye_n lid_n say_v falopius_n and_o laurentius_n bauhine_n particularize_v concern_v their_o insertion_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o first_o branch_n climb_v over_o the_o optic_a and_o be_v disseminated_a into_o the_o muscle_n that_o lift_v up_o the_o eyelid_n and_o the_o muscle_n
branch_n of_o the_o five_o conjugation_n of_o sinew_n be_v transmit_v to_o the_o temporal_a muscle_n and_o to_o those_o that_o lurk_v within_o the_o mouth_n sometime_o also_o it_o give_v way_n to_o the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o third_o conjugation_n which_o fall_v out_o sometime_o together_o with_o the_o second_o pair_n tab_v 8._o fig._n 8_o h_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 10_o h_n the_o four_o perforation_n in_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o eye_n towards_o the_o nose_n be_v long_o and_o large_a like_o a_o rift_n and_o be_v common_a to_o the_o wedg-bone_n with_o the_o four_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n it_o transmit_v out_o of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n small_a nerve_n of_o the_o lesser_a root_n of_o the_o three_o &_o five_o coniugation_n and_o phlegm_n or_o rheum_n with_o they_o all_o which_o enter_v into_o the_o orb_n by_o the_o second_o hole_n ta_fw-la 8_o fig._n 8_o &_o 9_o d_o the_o five_o hole_n lurk_v in_o the_o root_n of_o the_o eye_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o it_o be_v a_o long_a large_a and_o noteable_a perforation_n through_o which_o the_o rheum_n which_o fall_v out_o of_o the_o scull_n through_o the_o second_o hole_n and_o into_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n by_o the_o four_o hole_n be_v convey_v unto_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o nostril_n ta_fw-la 7._o fig._n 7_o Ï_n and_o these_o be_v the_o five_o perforation_n of_o the_o wedgebone_n in_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n tabula_fw-la x._o see_v this_o table_n with_o his_o description_n in_o fol._n 443._o fig_n xii_o xiii_o fourteen_o of_o the_o spongy_a bone_n the_o second_o bone_n that_o be_v common_a to_o the_o head_n and_o the_o jaw_n which_o vesalius_n and_o columbus_n make_v the_o eight_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n anatomist_n have_v call_v ethmoide_n or_o the_o syve_a not_o because_o it_o be_v full_a of_o hole_n and_o den_n but_o because_o these_o hole_n be_v not_o direct_v though_o some_o direct_v there_o be_v but_o curue_v or_o writhen_a as_o be_v the_o hole_n of_o a_o sponge_n it_o be_v more_o true_o call_v spongoeides_n or_o the_o spongybone_n which_o name_n hypocrates_n give_v it_o as_o galen_n witness_v in_o the_o 7_o chap._n of_o his_o 8_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n it_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o forepart_n of_o the_o scull_n before_o the_o meninge_n and_o fill_v up_o almost_o the_o situation_n situation_n whole_a cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o forehead_n bone_n ta_fw-la 9_o fig._n 10_o k_n and_o be_v distinguish_v on_o the_o backside_n from_o the_o wedgebone_n by_o the_o nine_o suture_a of_o the_o head_n if_o that_o be_v not_o rather_o a_o harmony_n or_o coementation_n then_o a_o suture_a ta_fw-la 9_o fig._n 10_o above_o u._fw-mi on_o the_o outside_n it_o determine_v at_o the_o second_o bone_n of_o the_o upper_a jaw_n columbus_n say_v at_o the_o second_o and_o the_o three_o the_o figure_n of_o it_o be_v like_a to_o that_o square_a that_o on_o one_o side_n be_v long_o on_o the_o other_o broad_a but_o he_o that_o will_v see_v the_o true_a figure_n of_o the_o bone_n must_v take_v view_n of_o it_o in_o a_o child_n but_o of_o figure_n figure_n one_o year_n old_a for_o afterward_o it_o can_v be_v sever_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bone_n without_o break_v at_o that_o age_n also_o a_o man_n may_v perceive_v how_o that_o which_o be_v account_v by_o vesalius_n and_o archangelus_n the_o three_o bone_n of_o the_o jaw_n which_o make_v the_o thin_a but_o solid_a and_o plain_a part_n part_n 4_o part_n of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o spongy_a bone_n of_o the_o nostril_n which_o be_v oft_o eat_v out_o by_o the_o french_a disease_n and_o the_o syve-bone_n be_v all_o part_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o bone_n for_o indeed_o there_o be_v four_o part_n of_o this_o bone_n the_o first_o be_v the_o upper_a process_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bone_n long_o and_o triangular_a end_v in_o a_o sharp_a point_n and_o resemble_v a_o coxcomb_n sometime_o it_o be_v thin_a and_o broad_a sometime_o thick_a and_o divide_v the_o whole_a bone_n like_o a_o partition_n it_o distinguish_v also_o the_o mammillary_a process_n of_o the_o brain_n to_o this_o part_n also_o the_o three_o sinus_fw-la of_o the_o dura_fw-la meninx_n which_o divide_v the_o brain_n grow_v very_o strong_o ta_fw-la 9_o fig_n 10_o x_o ta_o 10._o fi_fw-la 12_o b_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o spongybone_n be_v on_o either_o side_n at_o the_o process_n where_o it_o make_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o scull_n it_o be_v throughout_o perforate_v like_o a_o syve_a with_o abundant_a small_a and_o oblique_a hole_n tab_v 9_o fig._n 10_o k_o i._o tab_v 10_o fig_n 12_o aa_n in_o dog_n these_o hole_n be_v much_o large_a whence_o haply_o it_o be_v that_o their_o smell_n be_v so_o brisk_a and_o sharp_a it_o be_v compass_v with_o a_o thin_a membrane_n which_o be_v perforate_v like_o the_o bone_n and_o that_o indeed_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v call_v the_o syve-bone_n or_o the_o collander_n the_o three_o part_n be_v a_o low_a process_n opposite_a to_o the_o upper_a which_o distinguish_v or_o separate_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o nostril_n the_o four_o part_n and_o the_o last_o like_o a_o sponge_n or_o a_o pumi_fw-la stone_n be_v porous_a and_o full_a of_o small_a cavity_n whereupon_o the_o whole_a bone_n be_v call_v spongoide_v this_o part_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o nostril_n and_o accomplish_v or_o perfect_v the_o inside_n of_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o be_v spungy_a and_o full_a of_o oblique_a perforation_n that_o the_o cold_a air_n which_o we_o breath_n in_o or_o impure_a air_n may_v not_o insinuate_v itself_o direct_o into_o the_o brain_n unbroken_a or_o unaltred_a whereby_o it_o may_v be_v too_o much_o refrigerated_a or_o otherways_o annoy_v for_o be_v a_o while_n retain_v in_o these_o oblique_a passage_n it_o receive_v a_o mutation_n and_o be_v make_v more_o like_a to_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o brain_n and_o here_o galen_n in_o the_o seven_o chap._n of_o his_o eight_o book_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la part_n do_v worthy_o commend_v the_o infinite_a wisdom_n of_o our_o creator_n who_o have_v dispose_v of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o our_o body_n as_o be_v most_o fit_a for_o our_o use_n and_o preservation_n this_o bone_n therefore_o be_v manifold_a at_o the_o head_n perforate_v like_o a_o syve_a at_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o nostril_n spungy_a at_o the_o orb_n god_n the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n of_o the_o eye_n plain_a and_o broad_a and_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o substance_n of_o this_o bone_n be_v very_o thin_a thrill_v also_o manifold_a but_o fine_o and_o oblique_o fine_o or_o with_o a_o small_a bear_v lest_o any_o thick_a body_n that_o fly_v in_o the_o air_n shall_v get_v into_o the_o brain_n the_o use_n of_o the_o perforation_n be_v say_v galen_n in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o his_o 8._o boode_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la that_o through_o they_o the_o air_n may_v be_v breathe_v in_o for_o the_o generation_n of_o animal_n perforation_n the_o use_n of_o the_o perforation_n spirit_n again_o that_o with_o the_o air_n odour_n or_o savour_n may_v ascend_v into_o the_o brain_n and_o therefore_o the_o mammillary_a process_n or_o the_o organ_n of_o smell_a do_v run_v out_o hard_o unto_o these_o perforation_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o that_o be_v trouble_v with_o the_o coriza_n we_o call_v it_o common_o the_o pose_v can_v smell_v because_o these_o perforation_n be_v stop_v up_o with_o rheum_n there_o be_v also_o good_a use_n of_o they_o in_o disease_n of_o the_o brain_n that_o the_o air_n be_v alter_v by_o medicine_n and_o retain_v long_o in_o these_o cavity_n may_v work_v more_o powerful_o upon_o the_o brain_n galen_n in_o the_o place_n last_o before_o quote_v add_v another_o use_n by_o these_o perforation_n say_v he_o when_o need_n be_v abundance_n of_o excrement_n may_v be_v sudden_o and_o togetherward_o avoid_v so_o likewise_o say_v laurentius_n but_o make_v it_o a_o secondary_a use_n yet_o platerus_n deny_v that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o such_o confluence_n unless_o it_o be_v unnatural_a or_o beside_o nature_n final_o in_o the_o backside_n of_o this_o bone_n on_o either_o hand_n there_o be_v a_o semicircular_a rift_n or_o cleave_v as_o if_o it_o be_v pinch_v with_o a_o man_n nail_n which_o establish_v ta_fw-la 9_o fig._n 10._o below_o the_o dura_n meninx_n fasten_v there_o to_o and_o perforate_v with_o diverse_a hole_n and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o spungy_a bone_n which_o be_v the_o last_o of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o head_n or_o of_o the_o scull_n now_o we_o proceed_v unto_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o nose_n and_o of_o the_o yoke_n
vessel_n and_o nerve_n of_o the_o tooth_n say_v bauhine_v we_o will_v now_o relate_v as_o we_o learn_v it_o out_o of_o eustachius_n these_o vessel_n be_v better_o demonstrate_v in_o the_o jaw_n of_o a_o great_a creature_n as_o for_o example_n in_o a_o ox_n than_o they_o be_v in_o a_o man_n and_o again_o the_o administration_n be_v easy_a in_o the_o low_a jaw_n then_o in_o the_o upper_a we_o take_v therefore_o the_o low_a jaw_n of_o a_o ox_n and_o open_v it_o on_o the_o inside_n &_o present_o we_o meet_v a_o cavity_n full_a of_o marrow_n together_o with_o the_o nerve_n involue_v in_o a_o membrane_n when_o we_o have_v remove_v the_o marrow_n &_o slit_v the_o membrane_n throughout_o his_o length_n then_o may_v we_o perceive_v the_o nerve_n make_v as_o it_o be_v of_o many_o string_n betwixt_o which_o do_v run_v propagation_n of_o vein_n and_o artery_n moreover_o if_o you_o remove_v this_o membrane_n with_o the_o surcle_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o vessel_n a_o little_a upward_o from_o the_o bone_n careful_o that_o you_o break_v they_o not_o you_o shall_v perceive_v some_o fibre_n distribute_v from_o the_o membrane_n not_o unlike_o the_o lawny_n thread_n of_o a_o cobweb_n in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o jaw_n of_o a_o ram_n certain_a fibre_n do_v penetrate_v the_o bony_a partition_n which_o be_v betwixt_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o tooth_n but_o these_o fibre_n be_v most_o conspicuous_a at_o the_o root_n of_o the_o grinder_n from_o these_o grinder_n unto_o the_o dog-teeth_n and_o the_o shearer_n there_o be_v a_o nerve_n convey_v accompany_v with_o a_o artery_n the_o nerve_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o one_o part_n of_o it_o through_o a_o hole_n in_o that_o place_n break_v up_o at_o the_o low_a lip_n and_o a_o branch_n of_o it_o run_v along_o unto_o the_o shearer_n and_o afford_v a_o small_a surcle_n to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o another_o portion_n of_o it_o be_v join_v with_o the_o utter_a part_n of_o the_o root_n the_o second_o part_n which_o be_v also_o the_o slender_a pierce_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o may_v even_o without_o any_o great_a difficulty_n be_v discern_v even_o in_o man_n and_o true_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n that_o the_o shearer_n and_o dog-teeth_n which_o be_v the_o less_o and_o have_v but_o one_o root_n have_v notwithstanding_o allow_v they_o great_a and_o conspicuous_a surcle_n of_o vessel_n attain_v to_o their_o insertion_n by_o a_o broad_a and_o open_a way_n whereas_o the_o grinder_n which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o have_v three_o sometime_o four_o root_n be_v allow_v but_o small_a and_o capillary_a surcle_n make_v of_o the_o former_a double_o treble_o and_o fourfold_a divide_v and_o creep_v obscure_o into_o their_o insertion_n again_o if_o a_o grinder_n or_o a_o shearer_n be_v gentle_o and_o by_o degree_n draw_v out_o of_o his_o socket_n you_o shall_v find_v to_o arise_v with_o it_o out_o of_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o jaw_n very_o small_a fibre_n which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n you_o may_v also_o observe_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o bony_a partition_n be_v full_a of_o a_o mucous_a substance_n which_o be_v not_o unlike_a to_o that_o whereof_o the_o tooth_n and_o their_o hul_n or_o husk_n be_v generate_v again_o when_o the_o tooth_n be_v draw_v in_o the_o extremity_n of_o his_o root_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o matter_n partly_o mucous_a partly_o fibrous_a which_o carry_v a_o resemblance_n or_o show_v of_o a_o nerve_n a_o vein_n and_o a_o artery_n but_o if_o you_o divide_v the_o tooth_n in_o the_o midst_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o mucous_a substance_n weave_v with_o vessel_n and_o some_o fibre_n but_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v better_o see_v in_o the_o jaw_n of_o a_o ox_n or_o of_o a_o ram_n then_o of_o a_o man_n and_o yet_o even_o in_o a_o man_n diligent_a search_n will_v find_v they_o out_o though_o they_o be_v not_o so_o perspicuous_a wherefore_o who_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o pulsative_a or_o beat_a pain_n even_o in_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o the_o tooth_n as_o galen_n and_o eustachius_n have_v witness_v when_o he_o shall_v perceive_v a_o artery_n and_o a_o nerve_n attain_v thereinto_o for_o vein_n why_o shall_v we_o not_o likewise_o believe_v that_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o tooth_n when_o we_o see_v it_o sprinkle_v with_o blood_n in_o man_n and_o in_o ox_n may_v manifest_o perceive_v the_o vessel_n itself_o for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o tooth_n as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o coat_n of_o the_o eye_n call_v adnata_fw-la as_o long_o as_o a_o man_n eye_n be_v well_o dispose_v the_o vein_n therein_o be_v not_o visible_a but_o then_o only_o become_v conspicuous_a when_o it_o be_v inflame_v concern_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n the_o opinion_n of_o anatomist_n and_o physician_n be_v anatomist_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n diverse_a opinion_n of_o anatomist_n very_o diverse_a some_o think_v they_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o because_o they_o be_v bone_n and_o may_v be_v file_v without_o pain_n other_o think_v they_o have_v sense_n but_o that_o of_o themselves_o without_o nerve_n as_o other_o bone_n have_v and_o these_o man_n imagine_v that_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v without_o it_o that_o be_v in_o the_o membrane_n which_o compass_v the_o socket_n other_o think_v they_o live_v and_o have_v sense_n by_o their_o inbred_a heat_n aristotle_n determine_v that_o they_o feel_v cold_a soon_o than_o heat_n and_o be_v more_o affect_v by_o it_o galen_n say_v they_o be_v pain_v they_o beat_v and_o receive_v soft_a nerve_n but_o the_o question_n may_v be_v ask_v what_o part_n of_o the_o tooth_n have_v this_o sensation_n varolius_n answer_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tooth_n but_o on_o the_o inside_n only_o other_o say_v that_o the_o whole_a tooth_n indeed_o have_v sense_n but_o the_o whole_a tooth_n do_v not_o feel_v pain_n it_o perceive_v the_o first_o and_o second_o quality_n but_o the_o first_o quality_n only_o do_v pain_n it_o because_o they_o exercise_v their_o power_n upon_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n into_o which_o certain_a small_a nerve_n do_v penetrate_v this_o be_v archangelus_n his_o conceit_n and_o laurentius_n have_v almost_o the_o same_o the_o whole_a toothsay_v he_o do_v feel_v but_o more_o exquisite_o on_o the_o inside_n more_o dull_o on_o the_o out_o another_o question_n may_v be_v ask_v whence_o come_v the_o sensation_n that_o payn_v they_o some_o answer_n that_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o nerve_n and_o of_o their_o proper_a substance_n so_o say_v actuarius_n falopius_n think_v the_o pain_n come_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o thin_a membrane_n compass_v about_o the_o inner_a cavity_n other_o ascribe_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o membrane_n joint_o other_o to_o the_o nerve_n which_o cleave_v to_o the_o neighbour_n part_n and_o to_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n only_o other_o to_o the_o nerve_n that_o enter_v the_o tooth_n and_o a_o membrane_n that_o cleave_v to_o the_o root_n thereof_o as_o it_o be_v a_o periostium_fw-la other_o to_o a_o nerve_n which_o penetrate_v the_o substance_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o diverse_a opinion_n of_o anatomist_n concern_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n bauhine_n interpose_v his_o opinion_n on_o this_o manner_n the_o tooth_n say_v he_o do_v feel_v and_o the_o faculty_n of_o sensation_n be_v communicate_v to_o their_o resolution_n bauhine_v resolution_n substance_n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o a_o very_a thin_a membrane_n which_o compass_v the_o inward_a cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n light_o hang_v unto_o it_o and_o also_o of_o a_o soft_a nerve_n which_o attain_v into_o the_o same_o cavity_n thus_o the_o tooth_n have_v a_o proper_a kind_n of_o touch_v which_o we_o can_v in_o word_n so_o well_o express_v as_o by_o instance_n for_o upon_o the_o eat_n of_o sour_a or_o sharp_a meat_n the_o tooth_n be_v affect_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o stupor_n and_o then_o we_o common_o say_v our_o tooth_n be_v set_v on_o edge_n which_o kind_n of_o sensation_n be_v proper_a only_o to_o the_o tooth_n and_o the_o gum_n and_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o symptom_n of_o the_o touch_a faculty_n but_o we_o must_v conceive_v that_o each_o part_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o equal_o sensible_a but_o that_o the_o inside_n which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o nerve_n and_o the_o membrane_n be_v of_o quick_a apprehension_n than_o the_o outside_n for_o the_o outside_n partly_o because_o of_o the_o spisse_fw-la and_o hard_a substance_n which_o like_o a_o shell_n cover_v the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o do_v not_o admit_v the_o power_n of_o the_o nerve_n or_o the_o impression_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n partly_o because_o it_o be_v continual_o accustom_v to_o the_o mutation_n that_o come_v from_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n be_v not_o so_o sensible_a even_o
so_o we_o see_v that_o the_o callous_a skin_n in_o the_o hand_n and_o foot_n of_o a_o labour_a man_n be_v almost_o altogether_o without_o sense_n though_o the_o skin_n itself_o natural_o dispose_v be_v very_o sensible_a wherefore_o that_o part_n which_o be_v without_o the_o gum_n or_o the_o shell_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o ffend_v by_o hard_a and_o rough_a thing_n for_o though_o it_o be_v cut_v or_o file_v or_o burn_v with_o hot_a iron_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o pain_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o sense_n or_o sign_n of_o sense_n follow_v thereupon_o especial_o the_o height_n or_o top_n of_o the_o tooth_n which_o be_v make_v solid_a to_o break_v the_o meat_n &_o therefore_o the_o cavity_n not_o attain_v so_o far_o the_o nerve_n also_o come_v short_a of_o it_o the_o reason_n why_o a_o part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o pain_v by_o fire_n or_o by_o hot_a iron_n aritaeus_n say_v be_v know_v only_o to_o the_o go_n as_o for_o we_o we_o can_v say_v nothing_o but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a to_o the_o tooth_n that_o they_o be_v not_o equal_o affect_v either_o by_o all_o thing_n that_o make_v alteration_n in_o they_o or_o by_o those_o thing_n which_o may_v offend_v they_o but_o be_v more_o affect_v by_o heat_n and_o cold_a then_o by_o any_o other_o quality_n &_o by_o cold_a more_o than_o by_o heat_n yet_o to_o give_v some_o satisfaction_n we_o say_v that_o the_o tooth_n be_v not_o offend_v by_o moist_a or_o dry_a by_o soft_a or_o hard_a thing_n because_o their_o quality_n be_v not_o so_o sudden_o communicate_v to_o the_o membrane_n or_o to_o the_o nerve_n but_o they_o be_v affect_v by_o hot_a and_o cold_a thing_n because_o the_o animal_n spirit_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o diffuse_v through_o the_o same_o be_v thereby_o alter_v for_o those_o active_a quality_n do_v pierce_v on_o every_o side_n affect_v and_o change_v together_o with_o their_o substance_n the_o animal_n spirit_n and_o by_o succession_n also_o the_o membrane_n and_o the_o nerve_n and_o true_o it_o be_v very_o reasonable_a to_o imagine_v that_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n there_o be_v great_a tooth_n great_a store_n of_o animal_n spirit_n in_o the_o tooth_n store_n of_o animal_n spirit_n more_o they_o in_o other_o bone_n first_o because_o they_o receive_v soft_a nerve_n into_o their_o cavity_n and_o again_o because_o their_o internal_a substance_n be_v somewhat_o rare_a make_v of_o a_o mucous_a matter_n condensated_a or_o thickness_n observe_v also_o that_o the_o pain_n which_o be_v feel_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n differ_v much_o from_o that_o pain_n which_o be_v in_o the_o gum_n either_o from_o their_o distemper_n or_o from_o any_o flux_n of_o humour_n into_o they_o and_o from_o the_o pain_n which_o be_v feel_v in_o the_o nerve_n that_o run_v under_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tooth_n the_o use_n of_o their_o sensation_n be_v think_v to_o be_v first_o that_o be_v expose_v to_o outward_a injury_n sense_n the_o use_n of_o their_o sense_n and_o have_v no_o periostium_fw-la to_o compass_v they_o about_o it_o be_v fit_v they_o shall_v have_v a_o ingenite_fw-la principle_n of_o sense_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v betwixt_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a and_o hurtful_a again_o if_o we_o will_v believe_v galen_n in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o 16._o book_n de_fw-la usu_fw-la partium_fw-la as_o all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o mouth_n so_o likewise_o the_o tooth_n do_v after_o a_o sort_n discern_v of_o sapour_n or_o taste_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n they_o receive_v soft_a nerve_n for_o as_o the_o skin_n have_v sense_n yet_o through_o the_o cuticle_n or_o scarffe-skinne_n which_o be_v not_o sensible_a so_o the_o marrow_n of_o the_o tooth_n be_v apprehensive_a of_o tactile_a quality_n through_o the_o bony_a part_n like_v as_o the_o nervous_a membrane_n which_o be_v under_o the_o nail_n do_v feel_v heat_n and_o cold_a through_o the_o nail_n which_o have_v no_o sense_n at_o all_o and_o so_o much_o shall_v have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o tooth_n now_o we_o come_v unto_o their_o cavity_n chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o inward_a cavity_n and_o membrane_n of_o the_o tooth_n we_o say_v before_o that_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o nerve_n do_v enter_v into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v very_a fit_n we_o shall_v acquaint_v you_o what_o this_o cavity_n be_v all_o the_o tooth_n be_v hollow_a on_o the_o inside_n table_n 11._o fig._n 3._o i_o but_o this_o cavity_n be_v tooth_n the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tooth_n great_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o the_o magnitude_n or_o figure_n of_o the_o tooth_n which_o thing_n also_o aristotle_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o 7._o chapter_n of_o his_o 3._o book_n de_fw-fr historia_fw-la animalium_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o tooth_n be_v bone_n partly_o concavous_a and_o partly_o solid_a norwithstand_v some_o new_a anatomist_n have_v be_v so_o impudent_a as_o to_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o the_o invention_n or_o find_v out_o this_o cavity_n galen_n indeed_o in_o those_o book_n of_o his_o which_z be_v extant_a do_v not_o write_v how_o great_a or_o what_o a_o kind_n of_o cavity_n this_o be_v nor_o yet_o what_o be_v contain_v therein_o yet_o because_o ofttimes_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o den_n of_o the_o tooth_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o they_o for_o if_o he_o have_v believe_v that_o the_o tooth_n in_o their_o first_o original_a have_v have_v no_o cavity_n it_o have_v be_v a_o idle_a thing_n for_o he_o in_o vehement_a pain_n of_o the_o tooth_n to_o command_v that_o their_o solid_a substance_n shall_v be_v perforate_v with_o a_o small_a wimble_a or_o pierce_a in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o his_o 5._o book_n the_o compositione_n medicamentorum_fw-la secundumloca_fw-la again_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o 4._o epidemiân_o repot_v that_o a_o child_n tooth_n be_v eat_v with_o acorrode_a ulcer_n those_o especial_o that_o have_v cavity_n or_o be_v hollow_a whereby_o hypocrates_n do_v insinuate_v first_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tooth_n may_v be_v corrode_v and_o second_o that_o they_o have_v a_o natural_a cavity_n in_o they_o this_o cavity_n be_v in_o child_n of_o seven_o year_n old_a and_o somewhat_o upward_o very_o large_a and_o circumscribe_v with_o a_o thin_a scale_n very_o like_a unto_o a_o honeycomb_n it_o be_v also_o full_a of_o a_o white_a therein_o the_o humour_n therein_o humour_n not_o of_o marrow_n such_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o sweet-tooth_n of_o a_o calf_n when_o it_o be_v bring_v sodden_a unto_o the_o table_n but_o this_o humour_n in_o process_n of_o time_n be_v dry_v become_v hard_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n turn_v bony_a and_o so_o the_o cavity_n be_v every_o day_n diminish_v yet_o so_o that_o in_o the_o midst_n at_o the_o root_n there_o remain_v always_o a_o sinus_n which_o scarce_o reach_v above_o the_o height_n of_o the_o gum_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v a_o empty_a space_n leave_v because_o of_o the_o insertion_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o dilatation_n of_o the_o artery_n yet_o some_o man_n affirm_v that_o the_o pulsation_n we_o feel_v in_o our_o tooth_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o beat_n of_o the_o artery_n but_o from_o a_o spirit_n or_o air_n move_v as_o sometime_o we_o find_v it_o to_o be_v in_o our_o ear_n these_o thing_n say_v eustachius_n be_v best_a perceive_v in_o the_o grind_n tooth_n of_o a_o ox_n break_v and_o in_o a_o calf_n and_o a_o lamb_n each_o grinder_n have_v three_o cavity_n one_o anterior_a another_o tooth_n 3_o cavity_n in_o a_o calf_n tooth_n posterior_n &_o the_o three_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o the_o middlemost_a cavity_n be_v perforate_v with_o a_o crooked_a hole_n like_o the_o letter_n c_o which_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o gum_n in_o the_o two_o other_o cavity_n there_o be_v a_o 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