Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	abide_v	able_a	call_v	24	3	3.0734	3	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07871	A briefe collection and compendious extract of the strau[n]ge and memorable things, gathered oute of the cosmographye of Sebastian Munster. Where in is made a playne descrypsion of diuerse and straunge lavves rites, manners, and properties of sundry nacio[n]s, and a short reporte of straunge histories of diuerse men, and of the nature and properties of certayne fovvles, fishes, beastes, monsters, and sundrie countries and places; Cosmographia. English. Abridgments	Münster, Sebastian, 1489-1552.; Eden, Richard, 1521?-1576, attributed name.	1572 (1572)	STC 18242; ESTC S107531	75,351	206

runnagate found a filthie priuy and dungeon of all wickednes Whom his vnhappy maister taught Nestorians madnes and perswaded him to expulse and remoue the christians and their priestes from Damascus Syria Arabia and so to corrupte the Iudaicall lawe and depraue the Christian fayth it cannot wel be rehearsed by howe manye craftye and subtile meanes this most vnfaythfull Apostata and runneagate hath deceiued and seduced the people Nowe Mahumet beinge taughte al kinde of vngraciousnes of his detestable Maister throughe intemperant liuinge and continuall drunkennes fell at the length into the fallinge sicknes the whiche his wife could not wel suffer for the often cōming therof Wherfore the olde dissemblinge knaue to deliuer himselfe from that infamie doth hide and cloke his disease sayeinge it to be the meruailous brightnes of Gabriell the aungel messenger of God of whom he being put in that traūce did receiue and learne most secret straunge thinges and that hee was not able to abyde the presence of him with a manifest lye be affirmed it O my deare and wel-beloued wife he sayth marueile not that this commeth to me when I conceiue the spirite of God himselfe who suggestethe to mee thinges to come and to make mee priuye of many matters he commeth often to mee The fame hereof was spred abroade immediatlye and he was openly called the prophet of God the which opinion he encreased with a newe art craft by the instruction of his maister Sergius For he accustomed and taught a Doue to be fed and fetche meate at his eares the whiche doue his most subtile and craftye maister called the holye ghost He preached openlye and made his braggs lyke a most lying vil●en that this doue did shew vnto him the most secrete counsel of God as often as the simple fowle did flye vnto his dares for norishment His wife being now dead left him her heyre and all that she had so that he encreased in wealthe authoritie daylye and began to make a ne●● Lawe by the healpe of his mayster S●●g●●s and certayne Iewes his companions borowing s●me thinges of the Hebrewes and some thinges of the christiās discipline he did write in a certayne vo●ume all the lawes of his new sect that whiche ●ookes name is Alcoran that koke no● manye yeares ag●e hathe come into p●int A●d that he might the more craftelye deceyue hys people and nacion geeuen ●o the bellyeane to sleape he brought vp ●nd fed a certayne Bull whych was vsed ●nely to take foode at the handes of Ma●●met he bounde a booke betwyxte hys ●ornes and the simple people lookynge a●oute with an highe voyce he called the Bull out of a ●ecrete place and when hee with hys bablyng tonge had vttered madye thyngs concerning hys lawes sodenlye the Bull start forth and ouerthroweynge manye in hys hast ye comminges he ●ayeth downe the booke in the handes of Mahumet as it had bene a gift sent from heauen The whiche he receiuing withe much honour did immediatly interprete many thynges out of it to the people and wyth this forged and subtyle deuise hee named hym selfe a Prince and Sergius a prophete For the doue brought a paper about her necke written with golden letters in this maner Whosoeuer shal put the yoke on the buls necke let him be king Sergius broughte the yoke and gaue it to Mahumet who did easly put it on the bul and by and by hee was called kinge of the simple people thinking these thinges to be done by Gods prouidence and that he tooke the booke no other wise In thys booke they are commaunded to be circūcysed not for anye religyon but for mere supersticion or els as some saye that no filth shoulde remayne vnder the skyn of the yearde when they did washe and bath thē There was also commaunded abstinence of wine and fleshe that he might the more easlye cloake his disease who felt himself oppressed with wine of late for wyne taken more excessiuelye and intemperantly in stopping the passages of the brayne that no respiracion may be had doth breede norishe the fallynge sickenes and swynes fleshe maketh grosse humors wherewith obstruction of the brayne cōmeth quickelye and manye other diseases springethe thereof The Booke of Alcoran commaunde●● also the fasting of one moneth wherein a man may eate at the night lōg so the daylye abstinence is recōpensed with night surfeting Mahumet appoynted also because he would haue his law to disagree from the Christians and Hebrewes that the Frydaye should be consecrate as holy day because he was made kynge vp on that ●aye and also would not agree with any other sect For the same cause do the Turkes also tourne them into the south at their prayers against the maners of other nacions He hath also graunted to euery man four wiues ●f his own kinred but concubines and bond women bought it is lawfull for euery man to haue as manye as he can kepe so that they maye forsake them and make a diuorce as often as they list and this was done to drawe the cōmon sort and rude multitude vnto him more easly He taught also that the pleasures of the bodye did not hinder the happye lyfe to come and hee promised to the ●bseruers of his lawe a paradise gar●den of al pleasures wherein they shoulde ●se their most desired ioyes and all kinde of pleasures as maydens most beautiful adorned and the embracinges of Angels and al other kindes of pleasures that any man would desyre with the which subtil ●raftines be ledde the people flexible of their owne nature whyther hee woulde because he promised al kind of libidinous pleasures He reprehended the Iewes for that they denyed Christe to bee borne of the virgin seing that the prophet through deuine inspiracion did prophecie the same He reproued the Christians of foolishnes because they did beleeue Iesus to bee borne of the virgin and to haue suffred al contumely and punishment of the Iewes paciently for asmuche as that body conceiued by Godds inspiracion was made vnpassible and also seing that Christ dyd ascend into the heauens and Iudas was crucified in his place The Turkes admit onely three prophets Mahumet their lawe geuer Moyses the prophet of the Hebrewes Christe whō they denie to be god Mahumet made a ●●rsed lawe that if anye man should dispute against his misteries that he should suffer death for it in the whiche lawe hee hath manifestly taught that there is no sin●ere or goode thynge in Alcoran the whiche he goeth aboute to defende by the sworde onelye Thus withe Sergius hee made this booke full of wickednes corrupted the true scriptures with counterfait interpretacions and that he mighte be accompted the prophete and conseruatour of both Testamentes he flattered the christians in this that he was baptized o● Sergius and commaunded his people to be washte often for the expiacion of theyr offences He folowed also the Iewes in that that he appointed circumcision and abstinence

●nd gaynes cary away fysh for it There is a notable Hyll or Mountayn ●alled Hecla not far frō which be mines of brimstone the singuler marchandize of ●hat country for diuerse marchaunts lo●eth their ships with it when this hyll ●oth rage it thundreth terrible noyses ●t casteth forth stones it belchethe oute ●rimstone it couereth the earth so farre ●ound about with the ashes cast foorthe ●hat vnto the twentye stone it is vnhabi●ed they that desyre to contemplate the nature of so great flames and therfore aduenture more nigh vnto the Hyll are sodenly swalowed and consumed with som notable gulfe or vorage for there be manye such blastes so couered and hidden with ashes that none can sufficientlye beware ●or take hede of them and there commeth out such a fyre from that hyll that consumeth water but stubble or strawe it doth ●ot burne This place is thought of som to be the prison of vncleane soules for the ●se being deuided and broken into many partes swimmeth about the ysle almoste eight monethes and being broken brused with rushing vpon the banckes with the beatinges and noyse of the cracking● against the banckes and rockes geueth so horrible a sound almoste representing● the miserable lamentation of humayne voyce and weepinge that it maketh the ruder sort the more simple and vnwise to beleue that mens soules be tormented there in colde The inhabitantes vse in steede of bread where of they lacke store fyshe dried made harde and grounde to meale and yet out of diuerse conntryes wheate is brought vnto them but not so much as may suffise There be spyrites commonly see●e she winge theym selues manifestly in doinge suche thinges as belong to men but especially they appear● in the forme● of such as haue bene drowned or destroyed by some other violent● chaunce and thus do they appeare commonlye in the companye of suche men as haue had familer acqueintance with the departed and do vse them so in all points that they be taken many times for the liuing persons in deede of such as be ignorant of their deathes offring their right ●andes for acquaintance and this falsehode and erroniouse sight cannot be perceyued before the sprite it selfe vanisheth out of sight and consumeth away being required of their friendes and familiars to come home and to see their friends agayne with greate sighes and weepinge they answer that they muste go to Hecla the mountayne and so sodenlye they vanishe out of sight Of the countrie called Laponia IN Laponia the people be of a meane stature but they haue suche agilitie of body that beinge gyrded and prepared with a sheafe of arrowes and bow they will sodenlye passe throughe an houpe or circle whose diameter is but halfe a yearde They be taught the art of shoting from their childhode and a Boye there shall haue no meate before he can touche his marke with his arrowe When the Sonne goeth downe after the Equinox in September they haue one continuall night for three monethes almost al whiche tyme they haue no other light but as it were a twiter light when the Sonn commeth to them before the Equinox in Marche they celebrate that daye as a festiuall daye with much solempnitie VVhales THere be great Whales as big as hylles almost nighe vnto Iselande which are sometimes openly seene and those will drowne and ouerthrowe shyps except they be made a fearde with the sound of trompets and drums or except some round empty vessels be caste vnto them wherwith they may play and sporte theym because they are delited in playing with such thinges Somtimes manye ●●ste their anchors vppon whales backes thinking them to be some is●es ●o become in greate daunger Manye in Iselande of the bones and ribbes of suche monstrous whales make postes spars for the building of their houses Munster sayth this a goode remedye against such daungerous whales to take that which the Apothecaries call Castoreum and temper it with water caste it into the sea for by this as by a poyson they are vtterlye driuen and banished to the bottome of the Sea. ¶ How a marueilouse horrible dragon was destroyed in Polonia IN Graccouia a cittie of Polony ther was a meruaylous horrible and huge Dragon which consumed and deuoured all things and was the cause of greate damages for when hee came oute of his denne vnder the mountayne bee dy● rape and snatch all kinde of cattell and men wandring vncircumspectly deuouring them with his horrible iawes Grac●hus being very sad and lamenting this matter commaunded three seuerall bodies to be cast vnto him euery day for beinge contented with those hee woulde looke for no more The whiche thinge although it was greuous yet he perswaded that three eyther of Sheepe or of some other cattell should bee offered him euery day wherein brimstone and some fyery powder or deuise of flame shoulde be included bidden and mingled wythe waxe and pitch ●riuelye for so that beast and dragon being prouoke● with natural gredines or with a rapaciouse fammine and hunger deuouring without respect or choyse the offered praye by little and little was weakened and extinguished The lyke example is read in Daniell the prophete A ●traunge historie of a king deuoured of Myce. THere was in Polony a king named Pompilius who was wonte in all his execracions and curses to say● I pray God the Myce maye deuoure me●●rulye with euill lucke and for speaking● euil to ●imselfe ●nd to his for the Myc● deuoured his sonne who was also called Pompilius a●ter his father This sonn● after the death of his father beinge left● in his childehood his vncles administre● and gouerned the kingdome vntill he came to mans yeares and was maried then sodenly as he was in the middeste o● his feastes ouercharged with wine be●ing adorned with coronets and garlands dawbed with his ointments oppr●ssed 〈◊〉 luxury and surfetting a greate number of myce comminge from the carcases of his vncles did inuade him the whiche he and his wife the queene did destroy but they came forth so fast in suche a multitude assaulted and set vpon this tirant in his banquets and his wife his children with moste cruell gnawinges bytinges so that a great band of souldiers and harnised men could not driue theym away because mans helpe being defatygate and made wery yet the myce remained strong without anye werynes bothe daye and night There was therfore deuised and built burning and hot fornaces and ouens and in the middest of thē thys Pompilius was placed with his wyfe children but the myce came thither also passing through flames of fyre not ceassing to gnaw and consume this paricide at the length was deuised another meanes by another element This Pompilius a murderer of his owne vncles was conueyed in ships with his children and family into the middest of a depe water and yet the myce most earnestlie without ceassing folowed him and did gnaw and byte both those that were caryed awaye and their ships insomuch that

of sixe thousande buildings which be not ioyned together as our houses be but are seperate a good space a sunder the lengthe of the cittie is a thousand paces their houses be very lowe so that they are not aboue the heighte of a man on horse backe from the ground they be couered in the topp with voughes and braunches of trees commōlye Their king is addict to the worshippinge of deuils Hee do●the not deni● God to be the maker of heauen and eart● and the firste cause and author of things but the saythe that God appointed the office of iudgement to an ill spyrit and to do right to mort●l men and this spyrit thei call Deumo The kinge hath the picture of this deuill in his chappel sitting with a diademe an his head like vnto the bishops of a Rome but this diademe hath four hor●es aboute and this picture gapethe with a wide mouth sheweth four teeth It hath a deformed nose grim and terrible eyes a threatning countenance cro●ed fingers with tallants and feet much like vn●o a cocke they that loke vpon this horrible monster are sodenlye a fraid it is so lothsome and terrible a thinge to beholde About the churche are painted deuils and in euery corner Sathā is made of brasse sitting with such workmanship that he seemeth to cast flames of fier for the consuming of so●les miserablye in his right hand the picture of the deuill putteth a soule to his mouth and with his left hand it recheth another Euery morninge theire priestes do clense this Idoll with rose water and other swete waters and they perfume it with diuers sweete thinges falling downe and worshippinge 〈◊〉 They put the bloud of a cocke weekelye in a siluer vessel filled wi●h burninge coles and a great number of swete perfumes and taking a cens●r they make it redolent with frankincense and haue a little siluer bel ringing all the while And the King eateth no mea●e before that iiii priestes haue offred vnto the deuil somewhat of the kinges dishes The king at his dinner ●●tteth on the ground without any cloth vnder hint and the priestes standeth round aboute hym as he sytteth neue● cōming nerer hym their within four pa●●s marking the kynges wordes moste re●er●●●lye when he hath done eatinge y 〈…〉 ●he relicques of the kynges meate to yong crowes and birdes to bee eaten which fowle is an ●ey●ous thinge to ●●ll and therfore they ●lye euery wherin safety When the 〈◊〉 m●rieth a wife ●e ●seth not to go to be● vnto her before th●t this newe maried wife hath bene de●●loure● of the most worthye pryeste For this who●edome the kinge geueth him as a rewarde fyue hundred crownes The pryestes are in the first order of estymacion with them then senators whych beare a sword and a buckler a bow and a Iaueline when they goe abroade Thirdlye they esteme artificers Fourthly fyshers Fyftlye marchants for wine peper acornes Last of al such as sowe and gather ryce They haue no great respect of apparel but to couer their priuye partes they go barefoote and barehead When the king is dead if there be any males aline etherchyldren brethren or brothers children they succede not in the kingdome but the sin̄ers sonne by theyr lawe muste haue the scepter and if there be no suche then he succedeth in the crowne which is nearest of consangninitie and this is for none other cause but because the priestes haue defloured their quene When the kinge goeth foorthe into some straunge countrye or to hunt the priests kepe the quene company at home and nothing can be more acceptable to the king then that they should be acqueynted with the quene in venereouse acts and therefore the kinge knoweth for a certaintye that those children which he hath by his wyfe cannot be accompted his chyldren but he taketh his sisters children as most neare vnto him in lawful cons●guinitye and taketh them heires to the crowne The marchants kepe this order such wiues as they haue they may chaunge them in the colour of a better coniunction and the ●●e sayth to the other seing tha● you haue bene my best friende let vs chaunge our wiues vpon that condicion that you may haue myne and I may haue youres Then saith the other saye you so in earnest yea sayth he by Pollux Then ●ayth his fellowe let vs goe home to my house whether whē they are come the one claymeth the others wife sayinge come hyther woman and folow this man because from hence forthe he shal be thy husband then the woman sayth doo you speake in earne●t to whome her fyrst husband saith I do not mocke then the woman saythe gladly I wil folowe hym And this is the way of chaunging theyr wiues Ther be some women in this countrye that maye mary seuen husbands and lye with them euery night by course and where shee is deliuered of a chylde shee maye choose to whiche of her husbandes shee wil father her chylde so that the man maye not refuse it by anye meanes Manye other straunge thinges is rehearsed of this nacion the rehearsall wherof were very tedyouse here There is much Peper growinge in this countrye of Calechut the stalke of pepper is but weake somewhat lyke to a vyne stalke so that it cannot growe without a prop it is not muche vnlyke to yuie for it wyndeth and creepeth as that doth and with a more deepe claspinge it wyndeth about the tree this hath manye braunches thre handful longe They gather it in October and Nouember being grene as yet and lay it on tiles in the son to be dryed wherin iii. dayes space it waxeth blacke euen as wee haue it Ginger growethe in Calechut but muche is broughte oute of Crauonor thither Cynamon is in the Isle of Zaylon fyftie Germaine myles beyond Calechut Pepper growethe in the fyeldes of Calechut but great store is brought out of Corimucol xii miles beyōd Calechut Cloues are gathred in a place called Meluza a litle from Calechut Nutmeggs growe in Melaccha whyche is a greate way from Calechut Muske or Castoreū commeth from the country of Pego whiche is an hundred myles from Calechut Pearle and preciouse stone are founde about the citie of Ormus and sent to Calechut the general mar● of al the East partes And manye other spices silkes and straunge thinges are brought from these countries into oures Of the bridges in Singui and Quinsai THere bee numbred in the Citye of Singui about sixe thousād bridges of stone hauinge so large arches that great ships may passe throughe withoute bendyng of the maste There is another cittye called Quinsay in Asia whych contayneth in the circuite of it aboue an hundred Italian myles whyche make .xxv. German myles it is thoughte to bee the greatest and most notable citie in the world It hath twelue thousand bridges of stone so highe and large that a shyp maye passe vpright through them Of certaine illusions of Deuills aboute Tangut THere is seene and hearde aboute the deserts of

Tangut in the daye time and more commonly in the nighte diuers illusions of deuils Therfore trauelers that way ought to take good hede that they sauer not their companies and least any comming behind might hinder them for otherwise they shall sone loose the sight of their companions for the hils and mountaines There be heard the voyces of spirits and deuils which goyng solitarilye wil call others by their names fayninge and counterf●yting the voyces of their companions the whiche if they can by any meanes do leade men out of the way to destruction There be hard some times in the ayre the consents harmonye of musicke instruments There bee many worshippers of Idols and they attribute much honour to the deuils When their wyues haue a son they commend him to some Idol in the honoure of it that yeare the father keepeth vpp a ram the which a yeare after the natiuitie of the chylde at the next feaste of that ydoll he offr●th with his sonne and ma●ye other ceremoni●s When the sacry●ice is done they bringe the fleshe whiche was offred to some certayn place and al his kinsfolkes gathered together do eate of that with great deuocion keeping the bones reuerently in some vessel In this countrye is found a Serpent called Salamandra which liueth in the fier without any damage those serpents are vsed for the making of such cloth as may suffer the fier without any corruption or harme or els when any spot commeth to any garment made of the heares of a Salamander yt may be caste for an hower in the fier and all the spots wyll be gone no otherwise then if they had bene very cleane washt Of the Cocatrice THere is in Africke a kinde of Serpēt called a Cocatrice which hath a white spot in his head hauinge the fashion of a Diademe His head is verye sharpe his mouth red his eyes somwhat black in colour as Pliny saith with hys hyssinge he driueth away all kinde of serpents He destroyeth withe his breathe young trees and plants consumeth herbes breake the stones and infecteth the ayre where hee taryethe so that a byrde can not flye ouer that ayre or throughe it without daūger of death Yet it is said that the poysō of a Weasel is his destruc●ion Achanus sayth that he hath so sharp poyson that excedinge not in lengthe a mans hand yet hee extinguisheth euerye great serpent with his onely breath There is not a more hurtfull or more pestilent beast vppon the earth for this lying in his den may destroy a wholl cittye by infection Of the Crocodile THe Crocodile is found commonly aboute the water of Nilus Ganges in India and waxeth of a litle thīg to a very greate beast For his eggs are much like vnto goose eggs but the yong whyche commeth of theim taketh increase to sixtene or eyghtene cubites in lēgth he liueth almost as long as a man he lacketh a tong his bodie is meruelouslye defended of nature for al his backe is ful of scales and wonderful harde his tayle is long he hath many teeth on both sides of his mouth wherof two do especially hāg out he doth not onely deuoure man but also other earthly beastes comming nere to the water he dismembreth them with his nayles whiche hee hathe sharper thē anye weapon His bytinge is cruell and sharpe and he so rendeth with his teeth that it can neuer be healed there is great store of them about Nilus because they are verye fruitful of themselues hauing yonge euerye yeare and also they are seldome taken It is a feareful beast flying from those that persecute him and persecuting those that flye away from him It is said that when hee goeth aboute to deuoure a man that hee beginneth to weepe wher of hath sprong this prouerbe The tears of a Crocodile that is when one doothe weepe with his eyes withoute compassion and not with his harte and mynde Plinye sayth that this beaste onely in his ●yting doth moue his vpper iawe hee lyueth in the daye ty●e vpon the lande and in the nighte tyme in the water his eyes be very dul in the water and his sighte is ●erueylous sharpe out of the water ●ome saye that hee groweth and encreaseth as long as he lyueth Younge fowles hatched and brought forthe without the dammes and females FOelix Vlmen●is and Britenbachius writethe in their bookes of common peregrinacion and traueyle that in Alexandria and in Egipt there bee Ouens made full of holes wher in are layd thre or four thousand eggs some of geese some of hens some of pygeons some of duckes and that they are hydden and couered in dung and that whotte coles are set a far of about the dunge so the through the temperate heate of these thinges the eggs by litle and litle wa●e warme in the dung euen as it were vnder the hen And at leng●h the yong are hatched brought forthe so that they come by flockes out of the dung and from thence are taken and led a brode to be fed at lybertye The Rites and Manners of the Egiptians THere Egiptians were almost the firste in the worlde wherof other nacions learned and tooke their lawes wisdome manners and liuinge and we reade that for learning sake Homer Dedalus Solō Plato and manye other went thither For althoughe they were gentiles not beleeuyng on God yet they studied much for honesty and goodnesse and with their honest conuers●cion dyd allu●e straūgers and good men to come vnto them and to learne that whyche they could not fynde in other places Their women in tymes past did vse marchandize and all thinges appertayni●ge to chapmen the men dyd we●ue and spyn within the house and ca●ye burdens on their heades the whyche the women did vse to heare on their should●●s the m●n did make ●ryne s●ttyng but the women ●id contrarye They did disc●arge their bellyes at home b●t their b●nkets they kepte in highe wayes they moulded br●●d with their feet and stired their claye with their ●andes They dyd vse to wryte after the Hebrew fashion begynni●g their letters on the right hand When any of them met together at dyn●er or supper before they departed ther came in one that broughte a picture of a dead man vpon a staffe made of wood of a cubite length or somewhat more and shewed it to euery one of the gestes sayinge behold and loke vpon this drinke and be refreshed with pleasure for such one shalt thou bee after thy deathe Their lawes were suche that periured men lost their liues as thought they had bene giltye of two offences the one of violating pietye towardes God the other of breakinge faythe and promise amongest men which is the surest knot of humane societie If any traueyler founde anye man beaten of theues and would not help him if he could he shoulde be founde culpable of death if he were not able to helpe him hee was bounde to detect the theues and to folow the action against theim and