complexion of humayne body and cause diuers sorts and sondry differences of Natures and maners And in this sorte doth this constitution whereof wee now speake breede and bring foorth into the Theatre of this world some that be stout Braggers and shamelesse praters some Parasites clawbackes some Dolts and cockscombes some selfe pleasers which thinke more of themselues then all the rest of the Towne besyde doth some Mynstrelles and Pypers some gracelesse Ruffians and Spendalls ryotously wastyng and consumyng their Patrimony Some Dycers and Gamsters some Trēcher frends and Coseners some Counterfaiters Skoffers Tumblers and Gesturers some Iugglers Legier du maine players wyth a great rablemente of other lewde Lubbers of other sorts besyde A rabling route of ydle loutes consuming grayne and corne Deuoyde of thryft cyphers to fill vp roume and tale forlorne Right vvoers of Penelope starke verlettes flattringe mates And Bellygoddes addict toomuch to cheere and dainty cates VVho loue to snort in bedde till none and heare the mynstrelles playe On vvarbling Harpes to banish dumpes and chase all care avvay For slthens they neither obserue stay nor moderation in their liues and conuersation neither frame to liue in any good and laudable order but loyter and haunte the companye of wilfull and lewdly disposed persons it commeth to passe that in maners they proue starke noughte and gracelesse and by meanes of the heate and abundaunce of bloude prone and prompte to pursue the inticements of all sensuall lustes and vnbrydled affections reputinge the chiefest felicitye to consist in pleasure And of this sort are al Riotours all Banqueters and dissolute lecherers whose whole care industry and delight night and daye is to drowne themselues in the gulph of Sensuality and bellycheere They liue as the Prouerbe is a Minstrelles life that is to say nycely ydly altogether in a maner vpon other mens coste and for that they keepe neither ho nor measure in their affections but wholly addicte themselues to ingluuions excesse vnseasonable watchinge and immoderate lust of carnall venerie therefore their bodies lye open to al such diseases and Sicknes as consist in the fulnes of humours namely the Squinzye and swellinge of the Iawes Inflammations of the kernels of y mouth and the Uuula swelling of the fundemēt Pyles Hemorrhoydes bleeding at the Nose Pleurysie Stitches Inflammation of the Lunges and many other for all these it shal be moste expedient to be let bloud To this number is also to be added the Ague Ephemera or Diaria so named because cōmonly it is of no longer thē one dayes continuance albeit sometime it lasteth till the fourth daye and hereunto is to bee referred the Sweating Sicknesse which because it beganne first in England is called the English Sweate the Accident of which disease is sowning greenous pame at the heart ioyned with a bytinge at the Stomacke whereby a man is no lesse payned then if the heart if selfe beinge the fountcyne of life should through anye contagious ayre be infected and oppressed As by proofe it fell out in the Moneth of September 1529. at what time al the Low Countreyes were in a maner generally visited with this contagious Sweate and pestilent Ephemera proceedinge of corruption of the Ayre wherewith so many as were infected were brought into great terrour tremblinge and sowning throughe feeblenes of mynde and pantinge their heart labouring beating within them extremely During which infectious time of vistacion there happened an other mischiefe and inconuenience which made the matter a greate deale more lamentable For certaine ignorante Empyrykes contrary to the Rules of Arte and without taking any regard or consideration to the strength and powers of nature violentlye kepte their Patients sweating the space of xii houres whereby many by extreeme heat ouercome were with their bolsters many bedclothes styfled vp Seing now that corruption of the Ayre is the cause of this greeuous maladye or Ephemerall Ague and that the Symptoma or Accidēt therof which euen attendeth and wayteth vppon it lyke as the shadow on the body is greeuous payne at the heart and sownyng so is the Sweat it self the Crysis thereof wherby Nature being strong dispelleth and sendeth oute moyste fulsome fumes and sty kinge Humours and consequentlye banisheth the disease it must therfore at any hād be moderate and not aboue the space of iiii or vi houres at the most according to the imbecillitye and strength of nature For toomuche cleane throweth downe all the strength and vtterly destroyeth the vitall spyrites Nowe why this disease is tearmed by the name of the English Sweat I suppose grewe hereuppon for that the people of that Countrey be oftē therewith attached partly through theyr curious and dainty fare and great abundance of meates wherewyth they cramme themselues very ingluuiously euen as the Germaynes Netherlāders do wyth dryncke and partly which I noted at my late beyng in that Realme about the tyme of Mydsommer by reason that the ayre wyth them is troubled cloudy and many tymes wyth foggie dampes ouercast wherby is engendred the cause and originall both inwardlye and outwardlye of this disease the vehemēcy wherof bryngeth thē into a bloudy sweating wherw t they must wrestle stryue as wyth a most fierce strong ennemy and which they must endeuour wyth al might to supplant hereupon happen Traunces and sownynges throughe feeblenesse of body and mynde faynting and drowpyng of the spyrites decaye of powers stopping of the pypes and voyce and life almost thereby cleane yelded vppe and the partye brought euen vnto deathes doore For this Countrey people not able to abyde any great trauayle and labour as beinge persōs cockering themselues in much tender nicetye and effeminate lyfe are verye procliue and apte to be throwen thereby into the languishyng extremity of this perillous disease It is expediente for them therefore to be recomforted cheryshed reuiued and refreshed wyth sweete odours and with the drynkinge of pure good Wyne And hereupon commeth it that this Nation peculiarly and almost daily vseth to dryncke Maluesay or Secke to comfort restore their Stomackes when they be quaysie or surcharged wyth excesse of sundry curious dishes which thing I finde to haue beene vsed and put in vre by men of elder time to helpe such discrasyes whose order was with this wyne to dryue away payne at the hart Stitches Sowning or Traūces Cholick fretting of the guttes and bellye ache Thus the Poet luuenal trumpeth a certayne myserable Chuffe and niggardlye Pinchpenie for that he denyed to geeue a litle wyne to one of his frends that fell into a sowne or traunce through feeblenes toomuch sweating ' being in great daūger of his lyfe He stoares and drincks old vvyne long kept Euen since the cyuile stryfe VVhen garboyles and dissension in Common vvealth vvere ryfe VVho Snudgelike to his frend vvhose heart vvas paynd vvith stitch and griefe Not one poore draught thereof vvould send to ease
of his moste terrible temptations but God who rewardeth and recompenceth all thinges made an end of that conflict prescribing the Feend his limitts how farre he should extend his tyranny Whereby we are to learne and vnderstande that deuils can nothinge preuaile against vs neither do any further harme to vs thē it pleaseth God to suffer and permit them to do Now albeit their vse and fashion is manye sondry wayes to assault men which way to hurte them yet specially they seeke trye all such meanes as they can to vanquishe and seduce them with those inclynations and properties that are peculiar naturall and indifferente to all Thus do they incite and egge those that abound with Bloud and be sanguine complexioned to riot wātonnesse drunkēnes wastfulnes prodigality flithy and detestable loues horrible lustes incest and buggerie Them that be Cholericke to testines anger to brawling and chydinge contention rayling quarellinge fightinge murther robbery sedition discord and to put all these in proofe and practize they will minister many allurements and sondry occasions Them that be Melācholique vnto enuy emulation bitternesse hatred spright sorcery fraude subtlety deceipte treason sorrow heauinesse desperation distrust and last of all to a lamētable and shamefull end Them that be phlegmatick they helpe forward to slouth drowsynesse bitternesse sluggardy slacknes sleapines rechlesse vnhedynes and to a despysinge of all vertuous and good exercyses And furthermore as pure subtyle ayre breatheth into lyuīg Creatures into greene herbs a liuely and holsome spirite so likewise the good Angels imparte holesome ayre and with a pleasaūt sweete inspiratiō refresh our inward minds Againe as a pestilente winde induceth sickenesse and infection so do euill Spirites exhale breath out a pestiferous poyson to the mindes of men bring mischiefe and destruction For by them came the first spot ruine and destruction of mankinde so that there was no other way to bryng him to his first excellency dignity and perfection but onely by that most wōderful restorer Christ. And because the imbecillitye weakenes of mās nature is such that hee is not able to withstande the subtile ambushes deuises of this his moste raginge ennemy Sathan Christe being ascended into Heauen caused to be sent downe a Comforter to hold vs vp and giue vs inuincible courage against all the deuils crafty suggestiōs This is he that inspyreth into our mynds sondry good giftes assuringe vs of the good will of God towards vs and shakinge away all distruste bringeth vs by Christ vnto the father For he stirreth vp and comforteth our mindes and encourageth vs in such sort that boldlye with an assured truste we dare to hope and aske all thinges of him and cry vnto him for helpe by the name of Father Moreouer y Spirite which God hath inspyred into our harts doth certify and witnesse wyth our Spyrits that wee be his Sonnes and Heyres yea Coheyres wyth Christe The spyrite of God therefore confyrming oure mindes doth engraffe in vs fayth grounded vppon the word of God which fayth engendreth an assured trust confidence toward him wyth an vndoubted hope to obtaine his promises And forasmuche as these vertues be not ydle they do produce and bringe forth moste plentifull fruites of Charity to the perfourmaunce wherof the holy Ghoste the Comforter with his strēgth armeth vs and with his ayde protecteth vs in the truth to continue and perseuer constant stedfast and immutable wythout being seduced and caryed lightly into erronious opiniōs and superstition which is nothinge els as Eusebius witnesseth but a false and counterfeyte shadowe of true Relligion grounded vpon no sounde doctrine or foundation of Scripture In this sorte according to the saying of the Poet Horace Most of v's Poets old and yonge Mistake for vertue vice and wronge VVith cloake of vertue clad is vice deceyuing many one By bearing face and outvvarde shevve of honestie alone Seueritie it counterfaictes in deede yet nothing lesse Behauour counmaunce rayment gate All smelles of vertuousnes Yea borovved names of honestie and Vertue geeuen bee To vices as the cancard Chuffe and Snudge vvith vvealth and fee Is compted one that geuen is to thrift and husbandrie And it oftentimes falleth out sayth Cicero that many in seeking after the best thinges misse their purpose and are deceyued not so much vppon wyll as by mystaking theyr way and vsinge a wrong course Thus doth S. Paule deeme the Jewes not altogether forlorne and estraunged from godlynesse but ledde wyth a certayne feruentnes and zeale to Godward although not accordinge to knowledge so that they do not altogether erre in their affection towarde Godlynes but rather vppon ignoraunce and lacke of better vnderstandinge and because they go blindlye to worke and folter in their dealinges without any iudgemente they are destitute of the Spirit of god Wythin the leuell and daunger of this vice are al they that obstinately either maintaine or wilfully suffer anye olde inueterate errours such as can abyde nothinge of all that to be altered which by little and litle hath crept into vse by custome had some continuance Which mē if they had within them this bounteous Spirite no doubte there would not be such diuersity of opinions and doctrine in mens myndes as nowe there be But let no man thinck these thinges to be superfluously spoken or cleane besyde the purpose neyther let him lay in my dishe this sayinge of Horace A Flagon first began VVhy comes novv out a pitcher small or little pretie Canne For the heauenly Spirite is the guyde gouernour of the Spyrites of mans bodye which are then more qualefyed quieted and kept vnder better order when they be gouerned and ledde by the conducte and direction of this Spyrite For if they once begin tumultuously to ruffle styre vp sedition wythin the bodye This Spirite their fumishe fits restraynes And them to quiet order traynes ¶ Of the Elements of Humaine body and of the first qualities of beginnings of generation where of man consisteth and is made The fourth Chapter ALl the Complexion temperamente of mās bodye proceedeth from the powers of the Elementes and not of the Humours and of them is the whole bodye tempered and compounded The Elements be in number foure Fyre Earth Ayre and Water and vnto them are appendant so many qualytyes Hoate Colde Moyst Drye which of the Ayre encompassyng vs and of oure meates nourishinge vs do take and conceyue eyther profite or harme For being eyther in excesse or defecte the qualityes are depraued and corrupted and throughe theyr corruption engender many and sondry diseases But the thinges which dispose and affect our bodyes are sayth Galen of two sortes the one takyng his beginning euen at our Natiuity and byrth deryued and issuying from the very prynciples of Generation as from a roote which possiblie cannot bee auoyded the other such as man may declyne as
and cheerish it For if it be sincere and pure not mingled wyth anye straunge or forrayne quality it causeth tranquillity of minde frameth maners in good order fashiō and finally qualifyeth and calmeth all affections The minde of man to honestie it frames And vvith the loue of vertuous life enflames But if it be any whitte infected or wyth anye vyce soyled then is the quietnes of the minde disturbed and stirred to manye inconuenient enormities For as great blustering wynds vppon the Sea and Lande cause greeuous terrible and raginge tempestes and much other harme to ensue So likewyse if the Spirites be disquieted oute of frame they ingender and procure diuers sortes of affections in the minde carye the same mauger all reason like a shippe wythout guide and Rother vppon the rockes of sondry inconueniences Now the thinges wherewyth our inwarde Spirites are moste dulled quenched and damnifyed are these fulsome Ayre ouermuich carnal copulation vnseasonable watching excessiue heate chafing and labour longe fasting heauines of the minde and sadnesse Accordinge to that saying of the wyse man A mery hart maketh a lustie age but a sorovvfull Spirit dryeth vp the bones Heauinesse bringeth olde age before the times and carefulnes vveareth avvaye a mans dayes But quiet and seasonable sleepe good pure wel relished wyne meery company moderate exercise sweete sinelles and fragraunt sauours refreshe the Spirits quicken and reuiue them yea being dulled and greatly impayred Which is euident to be seene in such as falling into traūces and lying for a time as dead yet by the smell of sweete sauours are broughte againe and recouered into theyr former state For seinge that the Spirite is a certayne vapour effluence or expyratiō proceding out of the humours it standeth vs vppon to vse the moste exquiste diet that may be to th end that the meates and nourishmēts being laboured into good holesome iuyce may make the Spirits pure syncere and perfect And thus sweete ayre pleasaūt sentes deuoyd of grosse and fustie vapours strykinge vp into the brayne do marueylously comfort and clarifye the instruments of the Senses and enable them to do perfourme al theyr proper actions And although the Heart in a mā be as the Wel spring or fountaine from whom the Spirits are deriued because the Arteryes come from it euen as synewes from the Brayne and veynes from the Lyuer yet notwithstanding accordinge to the diuersitye and nature of the place they are called by other names and haue other powers appropriate vnto them Of these and al other faculties reigning in man the principall and oryginall beginning is at the very principles and beginninge of generation to witte generatiue seede and femynine bloude which be afterwarde conserued and maynteyned by nourishmentes euen as the flame is wyth oyle and out of these the Spirits proceede For the better vnderstāding of all which things I will particularly set downe the procreation of the Spirits wyth theyr nature power differēce and effectes beginninge first at the powers and faculties natural For by theyr office is it brought to passe that the meate we eate is concocted turned into the nourishmēt of the body Also ther be foure vertues whereby all lyuing Creatures wyth meate receyued are nourisshed encreased The first attractiue the secōd retentiue the third digestiue and the fourth expulsiue To wich vertues or powers appendant and belonging to all the parts of the body the first chiefe originall of the Spirites oughte to be referred For first assoone as the meate is mynced chawed wyth the teeth it descēdeth into the stomack beinge thither attracted then digested and made substantiall and turned to the proper nourishmēt and encrease of the member And such part or porcion thereof as serueth not to this vse it refuseth and reiecteth Here therefore the Spirite hath his first beginning And if nature be good stronge in this office of digestion it happeneth thereby that the Spirites be made pure cleare and syncere but if concoction bee hindred or any other distemperatnes happen thē is the meate altered and chaunged into vaporous belchinge stinking fumes and fulsome breathing which ascending vp out of the stomack disturbe and hurt the brayne and minde insomuche y such persons are easely quicklye prouoked to brawlinge chiding strife and dissention For when the Humours be not sufficiently and ynough concoted and attenuate vnpure Spirites proceede out of them enforcing a manifest alteration of the state aswell of the body as of the minde And therefore in anye wyse cruditie is to be auoyded because it maketh ill humours troubled Spirits aswell of meates of good iuyce as of those y are bad albeit the diseases engendred by want of concoction of meates hurtfull bee worse and of more daunger For they cause loathsome smelles and fulsome belchings and make the body to breake oute illfauourably in euerye place wyth scabbes botches blaynes and mangmesse For when there is aboundance of humours in the body it cānot be chosē but Agues must nedes bee engendred of that continuall obstruction and putrefaction and stoare of diseases muste needes spring oute thereof vnlesse those excrementes by continual labour and conuenient exercise be purged and the humours reduced into good bloud For then a sweete pleasaūt sente proceding therout comforteth the head and tempereth and connenientlye moysteneth the brayne Otherwyse if concoction be troubled there do strike vp into the head grosse fumie vapours such as by exāple we see greene woode to make that is smered and couered ouer wyth pitch and talowe And hereupon it happeneth that the minde sometime conceyueth straunge and absurde imaginations yea sometimes falleth into dotage rauing madnesse phrensie melancholy furie or some other distemperaunce But if the Stomacke do his parte and office throughly if concoction be not altogether hindered and that the passages aboute the Lyuer and the other partes of the body do giue free passge to the humours then the vaspours ascēding vp into the head are nothing so hurtfull neyther do they greatlye disturbe and trouble the inward minde and yet is not a man altogether cleare and free from affections but they be such I saye as hee hath in his owne power easely to qualifye stay and inhibite Naturall Spirite therefore beinge made of the purest alimente in the Lyuer is the beginninge of the residue For by it is the vitall spirite and the animall also nourished insomuch that the power or facultie animall vseth the spirit natural as an instrument to these great affections and motions whereunto retecting and litle regarding right reason we are many times prouoked For euen as in a ciuill tumulte and sedicious vprore among the common people the Magistrate hath much ado to appease and mollifye the wilfull peoples rage and headinesse so likewise reason is not able easely to subdue the lewd affections and vnbrydled motions that grow by immoderate gurmandyze surphet and dronkennesse
they be but mere meycockes and persōs very effeminate shrynkinge at the least mishappe that happeneth and wyth the smallest griefe and feare that can bee theyr hartes fayle theim they as white as a kerchiefe Which difference of minde stomacke Lucane in the hurlyburlies of the ciuill warres in these Verses expressed and vttered Such as in th' East and scorching Clymes are bredde by course of kind And Countryes influence meycockes soft By daily proofe vve finde The North that colde and frostie it Such vveaklings none both breede The folkes there borne novvarres can daunt of death they haue no dread In this their errour happie they vvhom greatest feare of all Of death I meane cannot affray nor courage once appall They recke not they vvhat brunts they beare they feare not enmyes blade These laddes dare venture life and lymme in manly Martiall trade For whatsoeuer they be that haue thick grosse bloude haue consequently corpulent and stronge spirites and herevppon it groweth that they wil beare a grudge in memorye a longe time and not easelye forgette those motions and heddines that they once take hereuppon also it happeneth that many of them being woūded or hurt in fight vppon the sight of their owne bloude do runne vpō their enemy more fiercely and egrely and bestow theyr blowes more vehemently then afore But they that haue thinne bloude haue also slender spirits and suche as soone passe awaye Such are soone angry at the first very raging but by and by theyr anger is asswaged and cooled and assone as they haue a wound or see theyr owne bloude they are readye to faynte and fall downe But to know how to qualifye brydle and subdue those greate affections and motions of the minde that are engendred by greate heate of the spirites I iudge it not amisse for euery man to search oute by what kinde of Spirit he is most ledde to what motions in dealinges hee findeth himselfe most endaungexed how feruente or how remisse the agitacions of his minde be For by this meanes may those thinges that consist without mediocritie be reduced and brought to temperatenes and moderation Nowe this diuersitie of Spyrites oute of whiche springeth such and so great diuersities of natures and maners conceyue and take sondry alterations at the humours Thus the Soule although it be singuler as Cicero tearmeth it vnigena yet bringeth forth sondry and manifolde actions according to the nature of the Spirites and differences of the instrumentes Hence commeth such and so great variety diuersity in the thoughts desyers affections actions and perturbatiōs in mens minds insomuch that reason and discretition wythoute a speciall assistaunce of heauenlye grace can scarcely tame and represse the same For when the naturall and vitall facultie together wyth the naturall and inwarde Spirites waxe somewhat stronge and partlye by aboundaunce partly by the qualitye of meate and nourishment haue attayned strength and power they reiect and cast away the brydle of reason draw the spirit animal also for they be al deryued out of one fountayne into their faction disordered rebellion Wherby it happeneth that when any lewde deuyse or wilfull thoughte aryseth in the minde of man he is prone ynoughe to runne into dissolute riot libidinous lust filthy and shameful pleasures if he fortune to espy any pretie wēch or beautifull damsell that liketh his phantasie his minde is strayght wayes enflamed and set on fire wyth vnlawfull desyre of her person for the satisfying of his vnbridled concupiscence and by reason of the stoare of humours and cōcourse of Spyrites resorting thither frō euery part of his body his priuities vndecētly swel his mēber of generatiō becometh stiffe so that many times it happeneth mans mind to be ouercome drowned in fleshly concupiscence vnlesse by the speciall grace of Almighty God and by meditating vppon the holsome preceptes expressed in his sacred Word hee stoutlye wythstande the Sommons of suche naughtye desyres This promptnes and inclination to euill is naturally ingraffed in man The imaginations and thoughtes of mans heart sayth Moses are onelye euill and prone to vvickednes euen from their youth and first beginninges But the blessed and most comfortable comming of CHRISTE toke away this blemish who by his precious death and glorious resurrection abolished the calamitie and cancelled the bondes of that myserye whereto Adams transgression had brought vs. The consideration wherof ought in y mindes of all men to worke thus much that because their spirites are prouokers and prickers forwarde both to vices vertues euerye one shoulde wyth more carefull consideracion and heede attende loke to conserue and gouerne them orderly And althoughe the Animall Spirite be more excellent thē the other and before the rest in dignity yet in order is it the later For out of the naturall which resembleth vapour and proceedeth by vertue of the Lyuer from bloud it produceth the vitall whiche is of Aerye nature and mynistreth vnto it nourishment And the vitall doth procreate the Animall which by reason of his thinnesse and subtility is ayrie For it being laboured prepared and made in the contexed net celles and cornerie ventricles of the brayne is greatly wyth sweete smelles nourished and with fragrant things refreshed and cherished From it is fetched and deryued al the power and facultye which the soule hath and from it do al actiōs issue and proceede making the same appliable to all functions Well worthy therefore is this animall spirite deemed the proper instrument of the soule to all the sences for mayntenaunce of mouinge and nimblenes and for preseruation of the strength and firmitie of the Muscles Synewes for it transporteth and diffuseth his vertues and powers as the workemaisters of actions into the Synewes that haue the power of feeling and mouing All the instruments therfore of the Senses indued wyth this power and vertue of the Spirite Animall attayne thereby stablenes for the atchieuement of their functions and charges as for example If the wayes and passages whereby this spirite oughte to goe and haue passage bee stopped affected the power of mouing and feeling is taken away as we euidently note and see to happen in the Apoplexie Palsey Tetanus and many diseases moe And this spirite Animall is conueighed into the Synewes euen like the beames of the Sunne through a cleare shyninge glasse And euen as a fiery heate pearceth and entreth into a glowyng hoate yron that is very hard insomuche that the some therewyth becommeth softe and tractable so dothe the Spirite that is finest and thuinest slylte slyde into the Synewes All thinges therefore that neede feelinge mouing and agilitie requyre the force ayde and power of the spyrite Animall As those that by nourishment are to be maynteyned continued and kepte requyre the naturall and vitall faculties and spirites Hee therefore that woulde preserue his spirites vndemnifyed and them make moste syncere and perfecte must endeuour at any hande
to keepe his body in right good plight and order For as Galene witnesseth The keepinge of a good temperamente and order is a singuler ayde and helpe to conserue the naturall faculties and to cheerishe the spirites And as vnkindly blastes and vncouth whyrlewyndes do sondrywyse affect our bodyes and not of men onely but also of Beastes Corne and Plants eyther throughe their tomuch moystnes or tomuch drynesse or finally by their nipping cold or parching heate Euen so the Spirites within vs eyther throughe their aboundaunce or qualitie engender bringe forth sondry affectes in vs and manifestly alter y state aswel of body as of mind For where the Spirites be grosse thicke and cold it happeneth the minde to be ouerclowded as the dymmed Sunne not to shyne brighte out And this is the reason that persons in this sort affected haue duller wittes and blunter capacities For proofe wherof we are to see and consider such as are borne and bred neere to the Pole Articke ycie Sea who for the most part are very huge stronge bodyed but for witte and learning mere doltes Asseheads albeit this Nacion through the greate care singuler wysedome of the moste noble Prince Erick kinge of Svveden is nowe trayned to more ciuill order haue their mindes wyth goodlye qualityes right vertuously adourned But such as haue their Spirits moderatelye cold are persons constant sted fast and faythfull to deale withal and euery thing which they ateÌ„pte is aduisedlye and earnestly done so that lightlye they wil not start from their once conceyued opinion but by reason of their coldnes fayntnes of heate excepte industrious education cause the contrary commonly they be not very quick witted nor of very precise iudgemeÌ„t neither yet craftye and deceitfull nor such as by suttle driftes wylinesse seeke to supplaÌ„te and vndermyne their ennemie But they that haue moyst spirites so that the same be moderate eyther by the nature of the region or quality of the ayre where they dwell are quicke and readye conceyuers of anye thinge but not long retayninge the same in memorie but forgetting as quicklye as they conceyue speedelye Euen like to very moyst and softe waxe that wil not easely take anye printe or forme And therefore they bee oblyuious sleepie vnapte to learne Artes and oecupations dull witted and grosse headed and as they haue bodyes burlye bigge moyste so is their memorie ill and forgetfull which iudgement is also to be giuen of those bodyes which bee constituted in a vehemente drynesse And hereuppon it commeth that olde men by meanes of their drynesse ioyned with coldnes are obliuious so are ChildreÌ„ likewyse by reasoÌ„ of theyr tomuche moystnes And these qualities make men also fearefull timorous and faintharted in repulsinge and sufferinge mishappes and aduersitie which is a thing peculiar to women-kinde Notwithstanding education institution and discipline altereth the vsuall nature and ordinary conditions of euery Region for we see the common sorte and multitude in behauiour and maners grosse and vnnurtured whereas the Nobles and Gentlemen altering theyr order diet and digressing from the common fashion of their pezantly countreymeÌ„ frame themselues theirs to a verye commendable order and ciuill behauiour But if this moystnes bee with measurable heate somwhat warmed as it is in them which dwel in playne and open Countryes where fewe Trees grow as in Zeland where coÌ„monly in wynter the people be greeuously nipped with cold in SoÌ„mer scorched with parching heate those countreymeÌ„ I say as they haue bodies big stroÌ„g toyling painful laborious burly limms boisterous meÌ„bers rough skiÌ„nes so likewise haue they miÌ„ds stubborne churlish testie vncurieous clubbish vnmanerly notwithstanding they be of iudgemente sharpe of industrious forecast for tradê of marchanÌ„dise very ready and skilful and in their dealings right warie and cyrcumspecte The rest of the Low CouÌ„tryefolks being better stored with Trees ouershadinge and defendinge them from wynds and which dwell in soyles of holesomer ayre wherin is lacke neither of pleasauÌ„t running ryuers or delightfull Springes of freshe water to fructifye the same are of mylder nature not so blunte as the others but of them some be wyser and fitter to atchieue any waighty matter then other some be So the Flemynges for pythynesse in their speach and subtility of inuention are very excellent Brabanders setting asyde all sternenes and seuerity wyth their deceÌ„t meery natures and freÌ„dly curtesye winne the hartye good willes of men yea wyth a certayne pleasaunte grace facility of speach and allurementes of woordes they ordinarily enterlard their grauity But if the breast and brayne bee endued wyth a Spirite perfused wyth temperate moysture and heate such as be of that speciall constitution are in their dealinges watchfull sharpe industrious in forecast quicknes of wit industry of nature excellencie of learninge notable vtteraunce and flowinge eloquâ—nce surpassing other men Finally such personnes wil beare in memorie a long time things past and will not lightly suffer any grudge to grow out of remeÌ„brauÌ„ce And if any wronge bee done vnto them they will reuyue the memory therof after many yeares yea so destrous bee they of reuenge that they will not forgette a priuate grudge or offence euen amonge themselues Which affection I do ascribe vnto heate which doth so exceedinglye exulcerate distemper their mynds wyth indignacion that humour and moystnes is not able to alay queÌ„ch and qualefye it So vnstayedlye for the more parte be the myndes of this people caryed with wilful motions somewhyle inwardly and closely keepyng within theyr owne brestes theyr conceyued deuises and somewhyle openly to the world bursting out in hoate termes of outrage VVith choler hoare and raging fittes their brestes so boyle and svvell That pipkins full of purging drouges can neither quench ne quell Neere approching to them in quality but yet somewhat differing are Englishmen who being of heate more weake and lesse boylinge as the which is well enter medled ouercome and qualefyed by moystnes are of stature comely and proportionable of body lustie and well complexioned But to the studies of humanity not so greatly giuen and in exquistie Artes not so well furnished But if they hold on their course as they beginne I meane to apply theyr mindes to worthy and excellent matters theyr dexterity for the attaynment of any notable atchieuaunce surpasseth and theyr forwardnes to anye Artes or mysteries is fouÌ„d to be right apt inclynable And because they haue somwhat thick spyrits sleÌ„derly perfused wyth heate they wil stomacke a matter vehemently and a long time lodge an inward grudge in their heartes whereby it happeneth that when theyr rage is vp they will not easily be pacifyed neither caÌ„ theyr high and hauty stomackes lightly be conquered otherwyse then by submission yelding to theyr minde and appetite But if the spyrite through heate of the hearte
and quality of the ayre or region be very hoate it likewyse bringeth forth and causeth hoate and quicke motions yet such as by reason of their tenuitie and thinnesse by litle litle wil be cooled And this is the cause that some of them when their bloud is vp will rashlye and vnaduisedlye attempte any thinge and not eare for any perills so they may bring to passe what their desire is to compasse Also when they conceiue in minde the doing of any thing as they be at the beginninge marueylous wilful tooto heady with mighte main to set forward their purpose hardly admitting anye counsel to the contrary so againe their minds many times be wauering vnstedfast and vnquiet except their inclinacions by the reyne of reason be the better bridled Their fickle and vnstedie heades novv this novv that deuise They flote in fancie to and fro and vvrangle sondry vvise Which thinge is commonly incident to angry persons and such as be desyrous of reuenge and to suche also as haue somewhere fixed their loue inordinately whose minds flootinge and ballancinge vp and downe with varietie of phantasies are easely and quickly caryed hither and thyther by affection neyther stedfast nor aduysedly resoluing vppon any certaine resolution But this Countrye borne people if they earnestly frame themselues to the attaynemente of anye Artes though the same be neuer so hard and curious yet do they profite in the same wonderfully cary away great commendation Such as haue thinne spirites temperatelye hoate haue sharpe and ready wittes and prompt and flowing vtteraunce vppon whom also these gifts of nature are bestowed that for deuyse and inuention they be very sharpe and ingenious for braue settinge oute and beautifyinge of a matter plentyfull and copious and suche as for the explayning of their meaninges and purposes haue talke and tongue at will. And as touching the inward inclination of their mindes and maners they be liuely felowes lusty dapper nimble lackinge no grace of pleasaunte gesture Manye of them which lacke good bringing vp and haue not beene trayned in learning and ciuilitie are of disposition wauering vnconstant captious deceitfull falseharted destrous of alterations and tumultes babblatiue and full of muche vaine tattling in consultacion and counsell so suttle and craftie that whatsoeuer they once conceyue in mynde or purpose to do without delay that do they iudge best forthwith to be enterprysed out of hande to be atchieued and whereunto so euer they addict their mindes therin proue they right excellente Seing therefore the diuersitie of spirits and the differences of wittes and maners proceedeth of the condition and nature of the Place Ayre Countrey and nourishmente let euery man foresee in himself which way he may best prouide for the maintenaunce of his health and to shunne all such thinges as may in any wise harme annoye crushel or empaire either his health or Spirits It is therefore most expediente to obserue the best order of diet and life that conueniently maye be folowed and to liue in the holesommest ayre For these be the things that restore health when it is decayed or empaired and which make the Spirites most pure and syncere For if the bodye do abounde and be full of ill humours if the Spirites bee vnpure and the brayne stuffed full of thicke fumes proceedinge of humours the bodye and Soule consequentlye cannot but suffer hurte and bee thereby likewise damnifyed Hence proceedeth as from the verye cause such rauing dotage distraughtnes of righte witts hence issueth blockishnes foolishnes madnes and furie in so much that they thinck sometimes to see those thinges that are not before their senses to see and to heare suche woordes as no man speaketh For imaginatiō in them is marred common sense which iudgeth and discerneth all thinges is preiudiced memorye decayed sighte dymmed their eyes dazelled and all the faculties of the Soule that is to saye all the naturall powers whereby it accomplisheth all his functiōs are enfeebled perfourme their offices duties and operations both faintly and remissely But if the Spirite animall be perfectly pure ayrie such as is the sent of Bloud exactlye laboured not onely the sight of their eyes is cleare and good but all the other Senses both external and internall are perfecte and perfourme their functions and ministeries orderlye duelie and conueniently ¶ Of the Spirit vniuersall generally inspired into the whole world all the parts therof Which being from God aboue breathed put into man infuseth and endueth his minde wyth speciall and peculiar giftes And by the waye also in this Chapter is entreated of good and ill Angells which being entermingled with the humours spirites cause sondry chaūges and mutations in mens minds The thirde Chapter THat power of the Spirite which is infused and breathed by God aboue into these lower bodyes is it that disposeth and moueth this frame and masse of the world fostereth strēgtheneth and cheerisheth all that is wythin the compasse and coape of Heauen conteyned stretchinge and extendinge his force farre and wyde For why this gouerneth and ruleth all thinges maketh all thinges fruitfull and vnto the same imparteth vitall heate Neyther is there anye cause why a man should thinck or perswade himself that there is any other power able to do these things then that Spirite by whom from the very beginninge the world and all such thinges as are visiblie seene wyth the eyes and sensiblie perceyued by the sences were brought into so comely and beautiful order For by the VVord of the Lord vvere al things made and by the breath of his mouth al the comlynes beautie and furniture thereof For he doth maintayne and strēgthen al thinges and giueth povver vnto euerye thinge to encrease and multiplye in their ovvne kinde and to maintayne and conserue themselues Thus the wonderfull Creatour of Nature by his word and Spirite put into all thinges y were created a power precreatorie the order of their encreasinge propagation for continuaunce of theyr kinde posteritie and succession y is to witte the Spirite of GOD beinge diffused into euery Creature susteyneth and maynteyneth Plantes and all liuing creatures aswell man as beasts by whom they liue and haue their beinge There is nothinge therefore in the whole worlde but it feeleth the strong power of God is satisfyed wyth the plenteousnes and fulnesse therof For when Heaūe and Earth were made and the first Elemēts that is the first beginnings of things constituted The Spirite of God moued vppon the waters that is to saye made moyste and liquide matter otherwyse barreyne to be fruitefull The very meaning of which saying Basill surnamed the Greate did verye well and liuelye expound in these woordes The Spirit of GOD sayth hee moued vpon the top or vpper face of the water That is to say did nourish and giue a vitall fruitfulnes and a quickeninge Soule to the moyste Element and to all other
Creatures in such sort that all thinges wyth the Spirite of God were moystened warmed euen as a Bird or Fowle that sitteth vpon her egges who gyueth vitall power and heate to that whereuppon she doth sit and couer An example whereof we are to take at a Hen which giueth life vnto her egges bringeth oute frō thence the shape of a perfect creature Now whereas the Spirite of God is said to swymme vppon the waters or to rest vppon a moyst Element this is to be vnderstoode of the fecunditie that is infused and put into it But whereas the vniuersall nature of thinges and all Creatures that breath and haue being do enioy this gifte of Diuine spirit through the vertue thereof haue their essēce yet namely and aboue al others Mē by singuler priuiledge speciall prerogatiue are fully endued wyth all things haue their minds taken out of a porcion of Gods owne spirite as Cicero sayth or rather accordīg to the testimony of the holy Scriptures haue receyued the breath of life and an Image after the similitude of God himselfe The Poet Ouid had from the Hebrevves a litle sparke of vnderstanding touching this opinion and that did he vtter in these Verses Gods Spirite vvithin vs vvorketh still His motions in our hartes vve finde This sacred feede directes out vvill And vvith his povver enflames our mind Which sentence S. Paule beinge studyed in a more heauenlye kind of Philosophie went about to inculke into the minds of the Athenians with intent to draw thē frō their old rooted superstitions inueterate errours to perswade thē in beholding the goodly frame beautiful workemāship of the world with al the furniture and ornamēt therof wherin Almighty God sheweth out to al men a taste or proofe piece of his diuinitie therby to acknowledge his diuine power and by seinge his woorkes to agnyze his omnipotencie For in this sort he preached vnto them God vvhich made the vvorld and all that are in it and is Lorde of Heauen and Earth dvvelleth not in Temples made vvith handes neither is vvorshipped vvith mens hands as though hee needed any thing seing he himselfe giueth life and breath to all men euery vvhere For in him vve liue moue and haue our being as a certaine of your ovvne Poets sayth for vvee are also 〈◊〉 Generation Now man at the hands of his Creatour being furnished wyth such excellent gifts and garnishmentes of minde as first to be endued wyth a natural and internall spirite and then to be moued and inspyred with a Diuine spirite hath also notwithstanding externall spirites recoursing into his body and mynde Men of olde tyme called them by the name of Genij the bookes of the holy Byble termeth them in respect of their office and mynisterye Angels which is asmuch to say as Messengers because they bringe the cōmaūdmentes and will of God vnto vs. S. Paule calleth them mynistring Spirits appointed to certayne offices and purposes and to mynister for their sakes which shal be heyres of Saluation Cicero and others that neuer knew God nor religion aright calleth them familiar or domestical Gods hauing vnder their protection the care of mans lyfe and safetye and giueth them the name of Lares or Penates or Dij Tutelares And of them they make two sorts the good Angels and the badde because the good pricketh a man forward to grace goodnes vertue honesty the other eggeth him to lewdnes mischiefe shame villany and all kinde of loose dishonestie For this is their onely drift and pretence specially to plunge a man in as much mischeife as they can drawe him from God as farre as may be Now for so much as Spirits be without bodies they slyly and secretly glyde into the body of man euen much like as fulsome stenche or as a noysome and ill ayre is inwardly drawē into the body and these not onely incense and pricke a mā forward to mischiefe but also like most pestilent Counsellers promyse to the party reward impunitye By this meanes the wylie Serpente enueigled Adam Sayinge You shall not die therfore but ye shall be as Gods knovving good and euill For the Deuill hauinge his name hereof is most subtile and crafty and lacketh not a thousand sleightes and pollicies to bryng a mā to mischiefe Yea his fetch is slyly to insinuate himselfe into our mindes cogitations counselles and willes albeit it is not easye for him to bring his purpose aboute for so muche as Eod alone knoweth the heartes of men and vnto him onely be all our deuyses and thoughts open and manifest Hee is sayth Paule the discerner of the thoughtes and of the intentes of the hearte neyther is there any Creature vvhich is not manifest in the sight of him but all thinges are naked open to his eyes Which thinge also Dauid declareth God sayth he is the tryer of the verye hart and Reynes That is to saye hee perfectlye searcheth out and knoweth all thinges findeth a way into the most secrete corners and innermost places And hee bringeth in an example taken from the intrayles that bee fardest of For there is nothing in mās body inwarder then the heart and Reynes in somuch that the concocted meate must be conueyghed by many crooked bywayes wyndings before it can be brought thyther Furthermore he specially nameth those partes for that out of them chiefely the thoughtes and cogitacions of the mynde and all lycentious lustes and dissolute desyers do proceede and springe which are not nor cannot lye hyd or vnespyed of God. Forsomuch therefore as these deuilles bee ayrie spyrits and aswell by long vse and practise as also by pollicie of nature are of greate experience and by long tryall know much euen by coniectures and tokēs which they espy in the eyes countenaunce gesture and other motions of the body of man they slylie gather and ghesse the inward dispositions and thoughtes of the mynde whych to a man of great experience and witte is no great hard matter to do And therfore euen as lewde and deceitfull marchaunts practyse all wayes and meanes to spoyle others leauinge no occasion vnattempted to cyrcumuent and catche them at vnwares and vnprouyded so lykewyse the deuilles lye in wayte to catche vs at a vauntage and the godlyer anye one in conuersation of life maners is the busyer and earnester are they wyth theyr poyson to stinge him In such sorte the deuill was not awhit afrayde by al maner of shiftes to tempte euen Christe himselfe thinking to haue perswaded or inueigled him with Ambition Gluttonie or desyre of rule Souereignty Neyther was he ashamed to assaulte Paule also partly carying him into a boastinge and pryde of mynde aboue measure and partlye by incensynge his aduersaryes with spightfull rage and cruelty against him The holy man Iob also was wonderfully shaken vp and driuen to suffer the violent brunts
in prouoking vomite wha thinke it good holesom once or twyse in a Moneth to cleare emptye the filthy sincke of their gorged Carkasses this waye whereas it is at no hand expedient good for them that be in health to haunt this beastlye custome neyther to be ruled by anye that shoulde thereunto counsell them And whereas some take hold of a certaine saying in Hippocrates whereby they ground the vse hereof to be good such men in my opynion do not throughlye conceiue and vnderstande his full meanyng in that place For he beinge dayly coÌ„uersaunt and practizinge Physicke amonge such a Nation and people whose fashion and ordinarye custome was to keepe reuell rexe and vse all kinde of ryotous and ingluuious guimandyze did not prescrybe vnto them any lawes or orders for vomitinge but if they shoulde fortune to ouercharge themselues wyth excesse and surphet he iudgeth it a better way for him that hath vsed himself to vomite euery Moneth to continue the same two dayes together that the seconde daye maye make cleare ryddaunce of the remaynder of the first daye rather then at the ende of xv dayes eftsones to renue the same For by that meanes shall hee expell and sende oute the humours that were engeÌ„dred of his former surphet and distemperaunce kepe his body free from future sickenes So that this reuerente and Aged Phistition in that place exhorteth no man to vomite for anye holesomenes that is therein but iudgeth suche manet of euacuation to bee expediente for them that wyth excesse and immoderate feedinge haue surphetted or whose stomackes throughe crudity corruptioÌ„ of the meate drincke before eaten betch vp sower stynkinge fumes whereof y one coÌ„monly happeneth in cold stomackes the other in hoate So the wyse Hebrevv Iesus the sonne of Syrach in euery place exhortÌ„g to frugalitye moderation willeth thee if thou feelest thy selfe to haue eaten too muche and more then thy health caÌ„ well brooke to aryse and go thy wayes and to cast it our of thy stomacke least otherwyse thou bring thy body in daunger of Sicknesse but he would not haue any man customably to vse it Let not him that desyreth to lyue till hee be olde vse vomytinge often specially if hee be longe and round necked eyther very slender or verye grosse bodyed or streict and narow brestes But hee that leadeth his lyre temperatelye shall not neede to seeke anye helpe at vomytinge for conseruation mayntenaunce of his health Sleepe and Watch. SLeepe and watche are after one lyke reason waye to bee considered of which being moderatelye vsed within the bounds of mediocrity frequeÌ„ted are very auayleable to health bring wyth them most needefull commodityes Sleepe is nothing els but a restinge of the Animal facultie and a Pawsâ—ng from the actions and busynes of the day wherby the vertues of the bodyes being faynt and the powers thereof beinge resolued are reuyued and made fresh againe and all the wearie members Senses recomforted For when the powers natural be fresh and lusty natiue heate gathering it self inward is of more force and strongly applyeth concoction perfourming the same not onely in the Stomack but also through the whole body besyde whose vapour and pleasaunt sent moysteneth the brayne bringeth asleepe the Instrumentes of the Senses Nothing therfore after meate moderately taken is to the body holsommer theÌ„ seasonable Sleepe for it refresheth the wearyed powers of the body styreth vp the Spirites recreateth the mynde putteth away sorow bringeth a man into good and quiet temper Neyther can health in anye wyse be continued and maynteyned in any parte of the bodye withoute this amyable recourse and due vse of watch and Sleepe whereby we wythdraw our selues for the time from oure earneste busynesse and at seasonable houres geeue recreation to our wearyed Spyrits And after sleepe fal againe to our busynesse and affayres whether they be to be done wyth labour of the body or industry of mynde For howe could mans mynde continue still in his perfect vigour and strength if these thiÌ„gs by turnes be not vsed if this varietye of lyfe and quiet resting after labours of the day be not intermingled These make the state of oure life the lesse yrksome and burdenous and vs to be thereof lesse wearye cloyed For as Ouid doth rightlye say That thing that lackes alternal rest continue cannot long It makes the povvers of bodye fresh and vvearyed members stronge The SuÌ„ne beiÌ„g once vp soÌ„dry delightful sights appeare innumerable galant spectacles of the world nature preseÌ„t theÌ„selues vnto vs to chase driue troublesom faÌ„cies duÌ„ps cogitacioÌ„s out of our careful pÌ„eÌ„siue minds And loke what coÌ„modity we reape by the dayes trauaile that doth Sleepe in the night couÌ„teruayle requite For as the day seruiÌ„g for watch dispatch of our needefull busynesse doth exercise the body in hope of Sleepe maketh al thinges lighter and easyer so the nighte being appointed for rest bringeth with it a forgetfulnes of the dayes toyle a sweete end of the labour therof Wherfore we may not be negligent remisse and slacke in the due consideracion of these thinges but carefully beware the they bee not eyther vnseasonably disorderly or vnmeasurably frequented So that Sleepe which belongeth to the night may be continued neere about the space of 8. houres or if Supper were somewhat large and full somewhat longer Howbeit in some persons it is not to be measured so much by the nomber of houres as by the soundnes profundity of SleepiÌ„g as Porters WhyrrimeÌ„ vehement Laborers Caryers Saylers c. For these such lyke for that their braynes are very moyst do sleepe marueylous soundlye and caÌ„not be awaked but with much adoe because their naturall vertue being resolued wyth ouermuch exercyse desyreth by Sleepe to be refreshed and with the humydity that descendeth from the brayne to be repayred restored whereby it happeneth that that vertue Animall and Instrumentes of the Senses being lulled in ease and fast deteyned Sleepe most soundly seazeth vppon them And that thing which wearynesse causeth in greate labourers such as vse much exercyse the same doth moysture and refrigeration in children and dronken folks for in both of them heate recuyling to the hearte which is the welspring of the vitalfaculty the head likewise stuffed with tumosities sleepe happeneth and stealeth vpon them But they y haue the nookes celles of theyr brain sleÌ„derly moyst are ready to awake at euery litle styriÌ„g or waggiÌ„g for that the thinne vapour smal fume which possesseth the head being nothing thicke doth quickly vanish passe away For I haue knoweÌ„ mauy worne in a maner to the stumpes partly by ouermuch study partly by Agues Uenerie who in their sleepe plainly perfectly vnderstoode euery word spoken by the staÌ„ders by insomuch that beinge awaked with the least noyse y might be they could
so shakâ— of and forgotteÌ„ appoint onely foure to wit them that be coÌ„pound vnto whoÌ„ they haue geeuen names not of their qualities but somwhat vnaptly of those coÌ„monly termed knoweÌ„ humours y is to say SaÌ„guine Cholerique Phlegmatique MelaÌ„cholique by y squyer leauel of whoÌ„ they wold haue these 4. differeÌ„ces of coÌ„plexioÌ„ or teÌ„perature to be reduced tryed Which dealiÌ„g reasoniÌ„g of theirs as it sauoreth of populer iudgmeÌ„t learning to the common sort very plaussble so standeth it not with the precise opynion and censure of them that would haue eche thing skanned and measured in his righte nature and kinde In the meane season I as one desirous to recoÌ„cyle Physitions thus factiously iarrynge in opynion and woulde God this vniformitye and attonement were also broughte to passe in matters of ReligioÌ„ for the better quieting of many mens Consciences both parties shall suffer the chiefe place to be assigned and geeuen to the hoate and moyst Complexion excepting alwayes as I said before the temperatest of all whereunto as at a marcke we must direct our mynd and leauel our whole matter that by it euery man may trye his owne nature which so loÌ„g as it is in his perfect strength vigour quality produceth bringeth foorth a Sanguine man. And thus there is in a maner no differeÌ„ce neither preiudiciall to anye partye eyther to call it by the name of a hoate and moyst Complexion or els by the terme of a Sanguine man who by the benefite of this holesome humour conteyneth hath within him these qualities albeit Bloud it selfe for wee will keepe all thinges wythin their prescripte limittes doth not engender and cause heate and moystnes but rather heate and moysture produceth Bloud Now Bloud of all iuyces and humours is the best and to mans life an alimente and maintener chiefly appropriat famylier and domesticall for throughe the force furtheraunce of vitall Spirite which is the preseruer and seÌ„der of natural heate into euery part of the bodye Bloud is conueighed by the cunduytes and Vesselles of the Arteryes and Veynes so both nourisheth mainteyneth and preserueth the whole body And for that this pure cleare defecate loouely and amyable Iuyce is the special thing that conserueth euery lyuinge Creature in his beynge wherein also consisteth the lyfe and vigour of euerye nature that lyueth by breath therefore the Hebrew Lawmaker Moses by the direction and appointmente of God himselfe forbadde all maner of bloud to be eateÌ„ because the lyfe of al Creatures coÌ„sisteth in bloud is therwyth nourished and mainteyned euen as the flame of a Candle is with the Oylie weeke as it plainly appeareth by a man that bleedeth verye much whose bodye is then in euery part cold wanne for want thereof fayntinge and in a maner readye to geeue vp the Ghost I haue knowen many whose vitall spyrite bleedinge out and yssuinge together wyth their bloud haue been thereby brought into great daunger of their liues And therefore this treasure of Lyfe must moste carefullye be conserued because it is of all Humours the most excellent wholesome Nowe as the Arteries which abounde more wyth vitall spyrite then wyth bloud spring from the heart so the Veynes which conteyne more bloud then ayrie spyrite proceede and spryng froÌ„ the Lyeuer and are dispersed abroad in brauches and fibres into euerye yea the verye furtheste places of the body For the Lyuer is the shoppe and chiefe workemaster of grosse thicke bloude althoughe the first oryginall thereof be ascribed to the Heart by whose power faculty the bloud is made and throughly wrought being endued wyth vitall spyrite conueigheth naturall heat to eche part of the body Bloud and vital Spyrite are in their chiefest Pryme and most abound in lusty and flourishing yeares albeit there is no age that lacketh the same although in old worne age bloud begynneth to draw to a coldnes the vital spyrit then neyther so hoate neither so stronge and effectuous which thinge as it is in them well to bee obserued and perceyued by their frequente gestures and often moouing of the body and the partes thereof yet specially maye it be seene noted by their colour which in a yonge lusty Stryplyng and youthfull body of good constitution is ruddy and fresh but in them that be further stryken in yeares or further of from this temperamente is not so pure so beautifull nor so pleasaunt to behold for that all their comelynesse beauty is eyther faded awaye or throughe some euill humours and hidden imperfection or blemishe appeareth in them worse then in the yonger sort So many being affected or disteÌ„pered in their Splene wombe Lyuer ventricle and Lunges are commonly either pale yelow tawnie dunne duskie or of some other ill fauoured colour There is no surer way sayth Galene certainly to knowe the humours and iuyce in a Creature then by the colour and outward complexion If the body loke very whyte it is a token that phlegme in that body chiefely reigneth most aboundeth If it be pale or yelow it argueth the humour to bee greatly Melancholique and Cholerique and the bloude to be freshe and reddye if it be blackish it betokeneth blacke adust Choler specially if no outwarde accidentall occasion happen as great heate or chafing labour or wearynesse or if the mynde bee not intoxicate and perplexed wyth affectes and passions as Angre Ioye Sorow Care pensyuenes for these make the humours sometyme to resort vnto the skynne vtter parts and sometime to hyde and conueyghe themselues farre inwardly and for this cause wee see men y are fumish and testy to be in a marueylous heat proceeding not of any sticknesse or discrasse but of â–ª the motion and stirring of the humours againe them that be affrighted and in mynde amazed to be pale Some to loke as wanne as Lead some whyte and swartie sometyme blewyshe sometime of sondrye colours all which betoken crude humours and raw iuyce to beare rule and swaye in the bodye eyther of phlegme glasselyke toughe or of some other sort or els many rotteÌ„ humours clamped vp in y bodye which by outward tokeÌ„s and signes bewray shew themselues what they be and what they signifie They therefore that be of a hoate and moyst constitution and haue greate store of bloude wythin theim are of a purple and reddie coloure softe warme and smooth skinned comely of stature of reasonable feacture fleshye bodyed and a little roughe aburne heyred redde or yealow bearded and comely bushed of which feacâ—ure plight and bodely shape the Scripture witnesseth that Dauid was who beyng after that Saule was cast of and reiected appointed King and onnoyâ—ted by Samuel was of a brownish Complexâ—oÌ„ excellent beauty well fauoured in sight and 〈◊〉 â—â—tenauÌ„ce very cheerefull and amyable Such a comety grace and Princelye shape was to be scene in the moste victorious Prince Philip Kinge
and resemble are sayde in latine vitulari which is to bee as wanton and toying as a yonge Calfe or not to haue shedde all theyr Calues teeth or that theyr Iawes ytche with Caluishe wantonnes The Booke of Wysedome fathered and asscrybed vnto Salomon sayth Spuria vitulamina noÌ„ agent radices altas nec stabile fundamentum collocabunt Bastarde Slippes shal take no deepe rootes nor laye any fast foundation By these Phrases of speach we meane that wilfull and vnruly age which lacketh rypenes and discretion and as wee saye hath not sowed all theyr wyeld Oates but as yet remayne withoute eyther forcast or consideration of any thinge that may afterward turne them to benefite playe the wanton yonkers and wilfull Careawayes Seyng therfore that Adolescencie and youthful age consisteth in a constitucion of Hoat and moyst is fuller of bloud then anye other it is to this place therefore namely and specially to be referred Neither can any plighte or Complexion of the body more aptly be applyed vnto it then this for all the qualityes fashions and marks of this Age and State agree thereunto Which thing I see was well obserued by Horace in his description of the Nature inclination of youthful Age where he sayth A youthfull beardlesse Strypling voyde and free from Tutours checke VVith Horse and Hound doth raunge the fields and braue himselfe doth decke To vyce he pliant is as vvaxe to them that vvishe him vvell And vvarne him for his ovvne auayle rough churlish sharpe and fell A slender Husband for himselfe a vvaster of his gold High mynded rashe presumptuous in loue soone hoat soone cold And if they happen to lyncke themselues in companye wyth anye lewde Counsellours as in this slypperie and daungerous age commonlye is seene theyr fickle heades flingbrayned wits be easelye allured and drawen into follye and to pursue that waye which is worste For beynge now in theyr most wilfull age and standing vppon the most doubtful and daungerous poynt of al betweene vertue and vyce lacking experience and voyde of all good aduyse and counsel misse-led by the peeuish allurements of theyr associats they runne for the most part headlong vnto that which they see the common multitude embrace are readye to slyde into that trade of lyfe which of all other is worst and most pernicious Greene heades in greatest daunger are in doubtfull choyse they stand And hange in Ballaunce of deuyse vvhat trade to take in hand But if in lieu of these they harken and geeue good care to the holsome admonitions of some faythfull and vertuous Tutour and by his prescription frame the order of theyr lyfe and conuersation in theyr tender yeares for in this Age is Stuffe matter and towardnes both good and excellent if good education do polishe and a skilfull workeman haue it in handling no doubt they are to be broughte to much goodnesse For such is the force and power of bloud in mans body specially when throughe accesse of age it groweth to heate and dailye more more encreaseth in vitall spyrite that it causeth a promptnes of mynde quicknesse in deuyse and sharpenesse in practyze which by dailye vse exercyse atteyneth in th end to wysedome knowledge and experience of many things And thus by the benefite of nature and good bringinge vp it is broughte to passe that they be garnished wyth many excellent giftes of the mynde and throughe a readye vtteraunce in the discourse of matters bee to theyr Countrey a greate staye and ornament And althoughe hoate and drye natured men which are the Cholerique be right well furnished and skilfull in perfecte vtteraunce vehemence of speach and readynesse of tongue yet is there not in them such waighte of woordes and pythynesse of Sentences neyther can they so well rule their owne affections because in theyr reasonynges and discourses they be very earnest and hastye And this in such persons is not onelye by the pronunciation of their woordes but also by their swyft gate and hastye pace easye to be perceyued This difference also is betweene them that the Cholerique are bitter taunters dry bobbers nyppinge gybers and skornefull mockers of others but the Sanguine nothinge giuen that waye meddle not at all wyth such dogge eloquence neyther vse to hit men ouer the thummes wyth any such figuratyue flowtes whereat manye men are commonlye as heynouslye offended and take the matter in as greate snuffe as they would to be Crowned wyth a Pyssebolle but they be pleasaunt and curteous natured meerye without scurrility and ciuill without fylthy rybauldrye behauinge themselues orderlye in all companyes cumbersome and odious to none but delightfull and welcome to all But if it happen that Bloude bee alayed or myngled with other Humours and by course of Age to become hoate as namely if it bee mixed with yelowe Choler wherewyth the Humours are stirred vp or to participate with anye other Humoure whatsoeuer It is seene that as the mixture is so the manners disposition delighte trade and inclination of man falleth oute accordinglye As thus suppose a Bodye câ—ieflye to consiste of these three Bloude Choler and Melancholye whereof two partes to be Bloude and the other thirde parte to bee Choler and Melancholye equallye proportioned Of these three thus mixed together proceedeth such a Complexion and bodelye habite as produceth sundry motions affections and inclinations of the minde and which doth inwardlye dispose fashion and frame their Natures and dispositions yea before they breake oute into woordes enhablinge them fitte and meete to discharge and execute the parte of anye personne that wee either of oure selues take in hande or which by nature and publicke function is to vs assigned First Nature frames vs apt and meete To euery kinde of chaunce Sometimes she helpes somtimes vvith ire our harts doth vvound and launce Sometimes vvith thoughte to throvv vs dovvne vvith griefe and dule amayne Then aftervvard the tongue declares the mynds deuyses playne And as we see Nature in producing hearbes and floures and paintyng them out in braue attyre and colours to shew forth a most excellente and inimitable workemaÌ„ship and right gallantly to sette the same out to the gazing view of ech greedie eye clad wyth many and the same most pleasurable differences of goodly verdure some lyghte and entermedled wyth whytishe some of a sadde or darke greene some watrishe blunkette gray grassie hoarie and Lecke coloured whereof euerye one hath theyr proper vertues peculier effectes So likewyse Bloud beinge myngled wyth humours of other quality conceyueth other force and other colour and yet nathelesse not quite bereft and depryued of a Bloudy of Sanguine colour insomuch that it pearceth into the very innermost corners of the mynde incensing to sundry actions And althoughe the Planetts and Starres stretch oute theyr influence and extend theyr force mightely vppon these lower bodyes yet is it the Humours and Elemental qualityes which doe constitute the
woords wyth one streynable tenor and treatable vniformitie but sometime slowly and dreamingly drawyng them oute and sometime powryng oute by lumpes the same as fast as the tongue can rolle The selfe same thinge which superfluitye and distemperaunce of drincke bringeth vnto the haunters thereof doth the dystillation of Humours and defluxion of Phlegme bryng to them that be troubled with the Catarrhe which beside these is accoÌ„panyed also wyth suÌ„dry other incoÌ„ueniences to euery one of sharpe iudgement wel knowen and easelye perceyued For who so is disposed exactlye to syfte and searche oute the verye markes and tokens of a Cold and moyste Complexion shall finde them throughe abundaunce of that Humour and qualitye to bee sleepie lazye slouthful drowsie heauie lumpish and nothinge quicke at their busynesse as they commonlye bee which mynde nothinge else then gurmandyze and bellycheere and vse seldome exercise Wee see also amonge Beastes Fowles and other Creatures both wyeld tame that such as vse litle or no exercise but lurke still in hoales and Caues and be peÌ„t vp and franked cowpes are neither so holesome neyther so sit for man to eate as others that are greatly exercysed and vse much styrryng Such waxe in deede very fat and grow bigger bodyed I cannot deny but the nourishmente which they geeue to the bodye is somewhat vnholesome and excrementall as amonge fyshes Ecles and other slippery fyshes that lye stil myeringe themselues in mudde vsing no exercise styring or agitation of body And this is the cause why Eeeles being deade contrary to the nature of all other fyshes floate not aboue water by reason that they feede vppon muddie and standing water But that euery man maye throughly and perfectly know the state and coÌ„dition of this Body it must be painted oute in his righte colours and is to be descrybed by his owne proper indications markes and tokens All they therefore that are of this habite if their Constitution be naturall and not accidentallye happeninge are grosse pursie and fatte bodyed their stature not so tall as bigge set and stronglye pitched their skinne soft white and vnhayrie their Muscles and Ueynes not appearing but lying inwardlye insomuch that when occasion serueth to bee lette Bloud the same Ueynes do not apparauntlye shewe oute themselues The hayres of theyr head be eyther whyte or duskie blacke or els of the colour of Barley strawe which will not fall of nor become balde till after a longe time 〈◊〉 but they soone waxe hoarye for wante of heate and imbecillity of the member which is not of ability to excoct the nutriment into the vse and comelynes of Hayres For hoarynesse is as it were a certayne refuse vinewed baggage of Phlegme putrefyed or a fustie dankâ—shnesse vnder the skinne wherof throughe wâ—nte of heate proceedeth hoarynesse and whytenesse of the Hâ—yres Such a lyke hoarie Downe or vinewed mouldynesse wee see to bee in Loaues of Breade and Pyes that bee somewhat longe kepte vnspente and also in Vaultes Arche Roofes Syelynges hoales and Cellers vnder the grounde and other musty fulsome dark fylthy and stinking places Their Pysse and Uryne whyte and verye little or rather nothinge at all ruddie Theyr Excrementes and Ordure thinne and liquide theyr Sleepe verye sounde and longer then health requireth not without stoare of sundry Dreames whereby and not vainly or deceitfully maye bee neerely coniectured and founde oute of what disposition the body is and what Humours therein chiefely reigne For the causes and original beginninges of these thinges proceede oute of the body which althoughe they be referrible to outward causes or to the actioÌ„s and deuyses which the mynde earnestly conceyueth deliberateth and forecasteth in the daye time yet is it easye ynoughe for the learned and skilfull Physition to discusse the meaninges and expounde the euentes thereunto incident For as concerning Dreames by Diuine motion sent into the mynde of man not depending vppon naturall causes none is able to yeld anye certaine interpretation wythout a speciall pryuiledge of Heauenlye inspyration Thus they that be of Cold and moyst ComplexioÌ„ in Dreames imagine and thincke themselues dyuinge ouer head and eares in Water or to be in Bathes Baynes which strayght wayes argueth great stoare of Phlâ—gme to fall out of the head into the nape of their necke Iawes vocall Arterye and Lunges Semblably if they dreame of Hayle Snow Yse storme Rayne it betokeneth abundance of Phlegme sometime thicke and grosse sometime thinne and liquide If a man in his Dreame thincke himselfe to be styfeled and strangled or his voyce stopped taken from him it argueth him to be subiecte and like ynough shortly to be troubled wyth the SquiÌ„zie priuation of speach murre or finallye eyther the Drowsye sicknesse or the Apoplexie In this sort as Galene wytnesseth there was a certayne man which dreamed that one of his Legges was turned into a Stone which man within a whyle after throughe a colde Humoure that fell downe into it was taken wyth the Palsey Now althoughe too scrupulous and curious obseruation of Dreames bee prohibited yet is there no charge geeuen to the contrary but that wee maye lawfullye search out the meaninges of all such as consiste wythin the compasse and reason of thinges naturall the Authour and conseruer whereof is God himselfe so that wee do the same without anye superstitious vanity of Diuination neyther therin fixinge any assured hope and trust neyther terrifyed wyth any feare of the euentes thereof Whensoeuer therefore naturall Dreames do happen wherein be neyther mockeryes nor illusions of mynde for all these are banished put to flight by reposing a firme and constant trust in God they admonishe and put euerye man in remembraunce to looke wel to his health and to amooue and decline all such occasions and inconueniences as may eyther empayre and damnifye health or enforce any perturbatioÌ„s of Dreames For the Imaginations and phantasyes which in Sleepe be offered and seene apparaÌ„tly in Dreames by night when a man is at rest to occurre busye his mynde are caused and styrred by vapours fumes proceeding out of the humours agitation of the Spyrite Animall in some of which Dreames and Imaginations the mynde renueth the memorie and thinketh vppon some busynesse and actions that fall for the daye some plainly signifye the abundaunce of Humours or els some earnest greedy desyre to coÌ„passe somewhat which we would very fayne bring to passe Hereupon they that are thyrstie glut themselues and swill vp drincke abundantly they that be hungry deuoure meate greedily and insaciablye Thus lykewise they whose Genitoryes and priuie partes be swelled with stoare of excrementall Seede and spermatike Humour or in the daye tyme did earnestly fixe their eyes and mynde vppon anye beautifull and fayre yonge Woman do in their Sleepe thinck themselues to enioy their desyred purpose and throughe imaginatiue dealinge wyth her defyle themselues wyth nightlye pollutions For the
with other deuysed couertures But when the weather is myelde and calme and the Countrey temperate I myslike not as touchinge healthynesse of bodye shauinge of the crowne of the head For thereby grosse vapours which hurt the Memory haue more scope and liberty to euaporate and fume oute And therefore some in my opynion take a holesome way for healthynesse so they do it without anye maner of superstition otherwyse which go pollshorne and haue theyr heads shauen to the hard scalpe For by this meanes all they that are encombred wyth Rhewmes Catarrhes and headach fynde much ease and so do all they that haue theyr eyesighte through abundaunce of Humours dymme and theyr hearing thicke and theyr smelling stopped insomuch that for the redresse of certayne diseases of the head losse of right witts feeblenes of brayne dottrye phrensie Bedlem madnesse Melancholicke affections furie and franticke fitts Phisitions deeme it the beste waye to haue the hayre cleane shauen of Which in my iudgemēt is not to be taken as a vayne or absurde fable for that both experience and reason perswadeth and enforceth some credite thereto forsomuch as euery man after his beard hath beene trimmed or cleane shauen of feeleth himselfe a greate deale meryer and lesse wayward and ouerthwart then he was before Furthermore my ordenarye custome is to aduyse them that haue defectyue and dymme eyes and that be thicke of hearynge or subiecte to the poze to haue theyr heades rubbed and theyr Beardes shauen or some such order and fashion as maye moste commodiouslye serue for those partes And accordinglye as euerye Countrye hath his peculier guyse to vse the Barbers helpe in trymmynge and handling the same for after the same euery man looketh both smugger and fayrer and is also of mynde more myeld and tractable so that his outward courage seemeth to reioyce to be pleasaūt and lustye his Memory made more perfecte and cleare his Spirits which are they the moue vs to do this and that reuyued and styrred vp and all the Senses a litle afore dulled and broughte as it were a sleepe shewe forth themselues in theyr most brauery and perfection And if he vse now thē to rynse and wash his mouth Iawes and palate to rubbe his teeth to wype and cleanse his Nose to picke his eares mundify them from al baggage fylthynesse stil to dilate to open his breaste wyth Coughinge hawking neesing and popping or smacking with the mouthe to exonerate his lower partes as the Ventricle Mylte Lyuer Bowelles Bealie and Bladder of their ordinary Excrements not onelye the Memorye but also all the Organes of the mynde besyde and euery seuerall faculty of the Soule shal be well enhabled throughlye and wythout stoppe or let to discharge and do their proper functions and offices And because for the most parte the Colde and Moyst quality is most hurtfull to Memory and oppresseth it therfore the same by his contraries is to be subdued maystered by such I meane as haue vertue power and efficacy to wast and dispatche superfluous Humours and to strengthen and comfort the Brayne of which sort are these Nuttmigges speciallye those that are not cleane dry rotten and without iuyce Rosemarye flowers and the stemmes therof all confectiōs made with the same sweete Maioram Baulme Stychas of both sortes Pionie rootes and the yonge bearies thereof mystleden Hyssope and Sauoury which being boyled wyth meates yeldeth forth a pleasaunte smell and sauour for it flourisheth greene in Wynter wythereth not in the number of these adde Betonie Cowslips Maron or common Organie or welde Maioram Basil roots of flower Delyce of both sorts Enula Cāpana Radishe which is a roote vsuallye echwhere eaten at meales in Sommer to prouoke an appetite and among forreyne and outlādish Spices Zedoaria Cloues Macis which is the rynde that couereth the Nutmigge Gynger specially greene condite in Honie righte Gladē Cassia Cynamome Cubebes Myrobalanes condite or preserued in honie The more parte of all these may eyther be reduced into Syrupes or stamped into powder or Condiments or els the decoction or infusion of them may be taken specially of such as dwel in Cold and Moyste places and be of nature verye Phlegmaticke For they that be stryken in yeares and their Humours dryed vp and exhausted had neede to haue aswell their bodyes as the Instrumentes of theyr Senses moystened wyth nourishinge alimentes of sweete and pleasaunt quality to be humected as the Ryndes of Citron that is of Pomegranades condite Lyquirice water Lillie commonlye named Nenuphar Buglosse Borage Reysons the stones being taken out Coraunts and all such as do moderately calefie and humecte Of which sort are these Honie Sugar Wyne that is swetish Butter and new layed Egges Pyneapplekernelles sweete Almonds that be not fustie vinued nor old Nutts called Pistacia Chestnutts meanelye parched and fylberds for Walnutts be hurtful to the Memory and so are Onyons because they annoy the eyes wyth a dazeling dymnes through a hoate vapour euen as Lactuce doth with cold through a somniferous vertue and power in it But Rapes and Turneppes eyther sodde or boyled do wonderfully clarefye the eyes and are very beneficiall for the sight and they that be disposed to try shal fynd it by experience very true by reasō of their great stoare of hoat moyst flatuousnes whereby they also encrease generatiue Seede and stirre vp Venus specially being cōdite with Gynger As touching what kinds of smal Braynes be best for this purpose this is first to be vnderstāded that there cannot be any thing of more vertue and strength to comforte Memory and keepe it in a right sound perfection then the Braynes of Partridges next of Sparrowes and all such Byrds as be naturally much styrring exercise themselues still in flickering and flying wherof in an other place we shal speake more at large Washing of the head although many greatly mislyke not yet do I counsell none to vse it For it weakeneth the skull and Braine panne and maketh it at euery small cold and blast of wynd subiect to distillations Catarrhes But to wash the feete in a decoction of Baye leaues Rosemary Fenel I greatly disalow not for it turneth away from the head vapours fumes dimming and ouercasting the minde Now the better to represse fumes and propulfe vapours frō the Brain it shal be excellēt good after Supper to chaw with the teeth the mouth being shut a few graynes of Coriander first stieped in veneiger wherin Maiorā hath bin decocted thē thinnly crusted or couered ouer with Sugar It is scarce credible what a special cōmodity this brīgeth to the memory No lesse vertuous soueraign is the cōfection of Quinces called Diacidonion if a prety quantity thereof be likewise takē after meat For it disperseth fumes suffreth not vapours to strike vpward the fame effect also haue certayne graynes of Mastix swalowed Also
it is right excellent coÌ„fortable now then to smell to such things as yelde a sweete odoriferous sauour namely such as be of nature pearsing calefactiue as LignuÌ„ Aloes Clofegelofres Rosemary flowers Basil Nigella Ambregryce Syuet redde Roses Hony suckle flowers FreÌ„ch spyknard and many other y yelde forth a stronge smel but the seme right pleasaunt comfortable delightfull All these refresh the Spirits wyth their soote sauours wonderfullye comforte the Brayne If a man or woman seeme to outward iudgment in a maner past recouery and be broughte to extreeme obliuion as they be that haue y disease called Lethargus or the drowsye euill it shal be right good for them to annoynt the outsyde of their Nucha and nape of their necks wyth the Oyle of Castor Nigella Euphorbe Costus Rocket and inwardly to take a litle of the confection of Anacardus or els therewyth to rubbe the tongue For is dissolueth Phlegme that is extremelye colde moyst and viscous Insomuch that it restoreth speach to them that be striken wyth the Apoplexie and recureth the staggeringe and stayinge of the tongue bringinge it againe to his righte vse Which thinge maye also be done and broughte to passe wyth Oximel Scillit and Aqua vite wherein a fewe graynes of Rocket haue beene stieped Vnto these helpes in daungerous and desperate discrasies when nothing else will helpe we flee for refuge and succour but in distemperauÌ„ces and grieues that be myelder and not of such extremity others now rehearsed may serue as Syrupe de Stichade Dia Anthos dulcis Aurâ—a Alexandrina Dia castorium Pliris cum Musco Triacle and Mythridatum By experience and daily proofe it is founde true that Agalochus commonly called Lignum Aloes being eyther vsed in perfume or smelled vnto with the Nose hath a marueylous vertue to corroborate the Brayne refresh the Senses insomuch that beinge stamped puluerized and myngled wyth some Cloues and the boane of a Rauens harte and then all mixed with Oyle of Nigella hath such souereigne vertue in strengthening comfortinge y Braine that if the head of a Cocke be therewith annoynted he wil crowe continually without any ceassing ¶ Of the state and disposition of a hoate and dry body with a Discourse of the nature condition maners and inclination of a Cholericke person The v. Chapter FOrsomuch as among the outward things of Nature there is nothing of any longe continuaunce and stability neither that long keepeth it selfe at any certayne state and vigour but all subiect to decay alteration and case worse and worse truly the state of mankinde doth specially and more then anye other suffer sundry alterations and is subiecte to great chaunge and mutability Thus is a Hoate and Moyst Complexion in processe and tract of time brought into a state Hoat and Drye For Heate by litle and litle both slyly and closely wast and consume naturall Humour and bringeth all the body into drynesse which quality for prolongation and lengtheninge of lyfe is the greatest ennemy that can bee For as the flame in a Torche or Taper feedeth vpon the combustible matter thereof and is therewith nourished which being all wasted and consumed the same flame also quencheth and no longer burneth so likewyse natiue heate by little and little weareth away and diminisheth the iuyce moysture wherewith it is nourished and finally bringeth the cause of destruction both to it self and to the whole body beside Nowe that constitution of body which consisteth of a hoate and dry qualitye and thereof hath his name hauinge warme Humour throughe these qualities encreased maketh and constituteth a Cholericke man by reason of the greate stoare of Choler which is in him of which Humour there be two sortes and differences the one natural the other besyde nature Natural Choler is the excrement of bloud concoct bitter in sauour and in colour and effect fyerie When the heate of the Lyuer is moderate then is it yealow and shyninge but when this viscositye is ouermuch enkindled then doth Choler also boyle with heate and is of colour darcke Yelowish like vnto Pruse Bier called in Dutche Iopen Bier or like vnto Oyle or melted Butter when it is burned and with much frying becommeth blackishe of colour whereby it commeth to passe that the colour before Yelowe chaungeth and is turned into a sadde blacke which sometime apparauntly vttereth and sheweth it selfe in the vtter parte of the skinne whensoeuer this Cholerique Humour diffuseth and disperseth it selfe into the same skinne Choler hath in the body two offices for parte of it being mixed wyth the bloud passeth into the Veynes to make the same more conuenientlye to penetrate into euery one of the narow passages to bee conueighed to such members as requyre haue neede of the nourishment of Choler The other part is sente to the bladder of the Gall annexed and tyed to the nether ende of the Lyuer wherein the wonderfull prouidence of Gods Almighty handyworke wel appeareth in y he hath appointed the same Entraile whereunto he hath geeuen an admyrable vertue to attract and helpe digestion to be also a receyuer and Receptorye of superfluous and vnprofitable Humour to th entent no harme or inconuenience should thereby in any wise happen to the other members For Choler is of that nature y yeldeth out a fiery force whose motion as it were a fier brande stirreth vp and inceÌ„seth our minds to hasty moodes and furious rages And for this cause Angre is defined to be a heate and certaine boylinge of the Bloud aboute the Heart wherewith the Braine also beinge excyted by Choler is set in a heate and testines desyrous of reueng whensoeuer any iniury is offered And to the lower parts prouoke and irrite the Guttes and Bowelles to auoyde superfluous excrementes For which purpose Natures prouidence hath deuised and framed sundry passages needeful for y purginge conueighaunce and euacuation of all such superfluous Humours to witte the Kidneyes and the Vryne Pypes the empty or fasting Gutte called Intestinum Ieiunum which through the sowrenes of Choler flowinge into it continuallye dryueth out the Excrements the Bladder Eares and Pores appointed for the auoydaunce and expulsion of sweate And in the most parte of these if obstructions shoulde happen all the whole fylthy masse of noysome Humour is thereby kept within the body and then geeueth violente assaulte to some of the principall partes So when the bagge or Bladder of the Gall or Receptacle of Choler is not able to exonerate it selfe of that baggage drosse and superfluity which it drewe from the Lyuer it emptyeth and casteth it eyther into the Uentricle or els into the holownesse of the Lyuer And thus it commeth to passe that Choler being diffused and spred ouer all the body imperteth both his qualitye and colour to the Bloud Hereof commeth the Iaundice named Morbus Regius for y it requyreth a moste exquisite dict and Princelike fare which
Bloud 99. Scottes 18 Scoffers 101 Secke 102 Seede 85. 105. 106. pollution and effluxioÌ„ therof hovv it hapneth 113 Shauing of the beard helpeth memory 124 Shauing of the head ibid. Short stature vvherof it commeth 27 Sicknesse vvhat it is 12 Signes of sicknesse approching ibid. Sickly persons must eate little bread 156 Signes of a brain distempered 143 Signes of suche as bee subiecte to melancholy 147. Sinne cause of sicknesse and death 67 Sleepe and the commodities thereof 57. 73. time space therof 57. to vvhat vse it serueth 95. good for Cholerick persons 133 Sleepers soundly 57. Small vnquiet sleepers 58. Sleepe by day ill and vnholsome 58. good for rauing or Idlenesse of the brayne 152 Sleeping person heauier then a vvatching 5 Slouth and ease 52 Sound Parents beeget sound children 85 Solitarie persons subiect to the Apoplexie 61 Snailes life 62 Soule 12 Sounding 133 Soueraigntie of the hart 109 Spaniardes 18 Spettle 87 Speach hovv to be restored 126 Spirite 7 vvhat it is 8. requireth great care ibid. being in good case teÌ„per causeth tranquillitie of mynde ibid. being disteÌ„pered it vvorketh suÌ„dry motioÌ„s bringeth disquietnes ibid vvhat thinges bee thereto moste hurtfull and vvhat most comfortable ibid. 19. 20. greatly comforted vvith svvete smelles 126 Spirite animall and theffects thereof 15 Spirite vital ibid Spirite of nature 20 Stammers 111. cannot speake softlye ibideÌ„ 147. Stitches 103 Stinking breath hovv it commeth 156 Stomacke and head engendrers and keepers of Phlegme 109 Store of hayre hovv it commeth 41 Strong breath and stinking mouthes 156 Studie by candlelight hurtful 74 Studentes exercises 75 Superstition 24 Supper 156 Svveate 87 T TAlnesse of personage 27 Temperance 60 Temperature vvhat it is 32. nine differences thereof ibid. subiect to chaunge 88 Testicles 85 Tettars 134 Text of Esay expounded 114 Themistocles vvished to learne the Arte of forgetfulnes 122. his nature disposition vvhile he vvas young 130 Thinges making good digestion spirites 5 Thinges good for the memory 125 Thinges not natural sixe 46 Thinne bloud 13 Three most holsome thinges for health 7 Timon a deadly hater of al men and al companye 143 Time for euery matter 77 Tokens of a cold complexion 64 Tokens of a moist body 80 Tokens of the dispositioÌ„ of phlegmaticke persons 114 Tokens of sanguine persons 99 Tormentes of an vnquiet minde and guilty coÌ„science 143 Tranquillitie of minde 31. 59 Traunce 103 Triall of good horses 54 Trophonius Denne 146 True goodes 2 Tumblers 101 Turpentine 72 Turpentine hovv to prepare it ibid. to make it liquide and potable ibid V VEnerie Vide Carnall acte Veyne opened shevveth oculerly ech of the four humours 86 Veines from vvhence they spring 89 Vertues defaced and marred by vices 44 Vitall moisture 7 Vitall spirite 12 Vlcers 134 Vnholsome meates spilleth nature 27 Vnablenes in some to beget children 43 Vomite must be seeldome prouoked 55 vvhen to vomite ibideÌ„ to vvhat persons it is most hurtful 56 Voyce 45 VV WAnne colour 65 VVasshing of the head 126 VVatching ouermuch hurtful 58 VVavvvard persons 12 VVhores 106 VVolfe a disease 134 VVomen full of hayre on their heads 42 VVomen hayrie lecherous ibid. cause of barrennes in vvomen 43 VVormevvood holsome for the Lyuer 104 VVringing in the small Guttes 129 VVyfe bravvlinge and skoldinge likened to a dropping house 110 VVylie Foxes 130 VVylie vvinckers 58 VVyne hurtfull to children 49. maketh the hart mery 138. VVisemen sometime fearefull 94 Y. YouÌ„gmen somtimes vveake vvearish feeble and vvhy 28 Youngman sodenly gray headed 91 Youth 29 Z ZEale vvithour knovvledge 25 Zelanders 17 Zeno. 5 T N. FINIS Lib. 2. Offic. Mainteners of health Health Sickenes Soule Sat. 10. True goods Health passeth gold Hor. lib. 1 epist. epist. ad Albium Nosce te ipsum Eccles 7 Death by ill diet many times hastened before his due time Lib. 2. Georg. The minde ib. 8. ca. 7. Mago made LioÌ„ tame VVhat maketh good digestion Eccle. 31. VVhat maketh a man merie The nature of Lupines A dead man heauier theÌ„ a lyuing Hor lib. 3 Oda 21. Euery man must search out his ovvn inclination and nature It is someâ—â— time good to chaunge nature Lib. 12. Cap. 1. Genes 2. The commoditie of matrimony Three most holsome thinges Georg. 3 The bodye consisteth in thre things Humour Heate Spirite Pers Sat. â— Things hurt full to the spirits of man. Prouer. 17 Eccle. 30. Things coÌ„fortinge the Spirits What Spirite is The heart is the fountaine of life Foure natural povvers The office of digestioÌ„ Howe affections are caused Cruditie hurtfull Oppilation and putrefaction the original cause of diseases What riott bringeth a man to Matth. 14 Iohn Baptist beheaded Disturbers of publique peace ought to be rooted out The fourme of a coÌ„mon wealth 1. Cor. 12. Members of mans body Li. 2. Dec. 1. No meÌ„ber in the whole body but it serueth to some necessary vse Signes wherby to know when a man is not wel at ease Vital spirite Northern people Lib. 1. Grosse blud Thin bloud WheÌ„ce the diuersitie of natures coÌ„meth RebellioÌ„ in the body Levvde thoughts Gen. 6. 8. Spirite animal 12. Meth. Erick kinge of Sweden Germans HollaÌ„ders Hollanders forgetful sleepie Old men children forgetfull Education altereth nature ZelaÌ„ders The nature of such as be borne and bred neere the Sea. Flemyngs Brabanders Italians Italians wil couertly beare a secret grudge in mynde a great while Pers Sat. 5 Englishmen Englishmen and Scottes haue greate stomacks angry Spaniardâ— Vir. lib. 4. A Enei Spaniardes haue good wittes Frenchmen Frenchmen prompt and ready witted Good diet holesome Ayre Spirite of Nature The Spirite of the Lord. Psalm 33 Genes 1. Iohn 1. Hexa lib. Gen. 1. Lib. 3. de Arte amaÌ„di Lib. 6. Fast Actes 17. Aratus in Pheno Angels Hebr. 1. Lares Good Angels Ill Angels DaemoÌ„ à sciendo 2. Para. 26 Hebr. 4. Psalm 7. How the deuil learneth the thoughts of meÌ„ One man a deuill to an other Matth. 4. 2. Cor. 12. Iob. 30. Howe farrâ— deuils are able to hurte vs. Humours giue occasion to vices Sapien. 1. Gen. 2. What the Holy Ghâ—â— worketh 〈◊〉 vs. Gal. 4. Rom. 8. Fayth bringeth forth workes De preparat EuaÌ„g lib. 1. Superstition Art. Poet. IuueÌ„ Saty 14 Tuscul 3. Rom. 10. Zeale withoute knowledge In Arte Poet. A Eneid lib. 1. IIII. ElemeÌ„tes TueÌ„d valet lib. 1. Meate and Ayre a like necessary The nature of seede and bloud Cause of talnesse â—â—ildren â—â—ulde not sâ—aÌ„ted of eâ—r victuâ— Naughty vnholesome meate spilleth nature Shorte stature how it commeth Olde age Death what it is Lustye olde age wherof it coÌ„meth â—hat maâ—th yonge â—e weake What thiÌ„gs are hurtfull to health Art. Poet. Iob. 14. Infancie Childhod Pubertie Adolescencie Youth MaÌ„s age Death to the faythful not to be feared The times of the yeare compared to the ages of man. Metam lib. 15. TraÌ„quillity and quietnes of mind Temperament Temperament Intemperatures Compound drouges named of
Reg. 16. Philip king of Spaine A straunge example of a yongman sodainly become graye headed One sodainly gray headed Why some men euen sodainly are chaunged in Complex iâ—n and colour Imagination Luke 22. Feare of death more terrible theÌ„ death it self Who dye in maner with out paine The cause of fearefulnes when a man is in dauÌ„ger Lib. 3. Aeneid A wyseman sometime is put in â–ª feare AstonnishmeÌ„t of mind taketh away the feeling of pain Leuit. 19. Deut. 13. Dreames sometime sent from God. Cap. 2. Cap. 7. To what vse and purpose sleepe serueth The vertue and force of bloud as touching the framinge of the inwarde dispositioÌ„ maners of the mynde PersoÌ„s mere Sanguine for the most part starcke fooles CommeÌ„t 1. de nat human Man a Wolfe Mic. ca. 7. Man a Lyon Cap. 19. MaÌ„ an Ape Man a Foxe Children â–ª quick stirâ—â—nge and playing and the cause why Boylinge of bloud in youth like to spurging of newe wyne in the Tunne Playig with the heade what it signifyeth Sapien. 4. In Art. Poet. Lewd and ill disposed CouÌ„sellours do youth mutch harm Pers Sa. 5 Good counsell and vertuous education bringeth youth to goodnes Bloud vseth the helpe of other humours in framing the manners Difference betweene Sangâ—ine Cholerick Cholericke persoÌ„s great flouters SaÌ„guine curteous and myld natured Inciination of nature Best proportion measure of blod to other humours Horat. in Art Poet. Humours of more force then the plâ—nets Hor. lib. 1 epist. 2. Bloude eggeth a man to riot and wilfuines Ephemera or Diaria The English Sweate a kinde of the Ague Ephemera When the Sweatinge sicknes first began in Belgie Blinde Byards In what sort â—o sweat and how longe Englishmen subiect aboue other Countreyes to the swearinge sickenesse Iuuen. Sat. 5. Hoat and moyst ComplexioÌ„s subiect to putre faction Receiptes Laxatiue soluble Howe exercise is to be vsed The head taketh hurt by the disorder of the in feriour meÌ„bers Oppilation of the liuer from wheÌ„ce it coÌ„meth Tuend Val. 6. Wormwod holsome for the liuer Things puttinge away oppilation Harmes of Venetie carnall copulation Commodity of Venery Seede beiÌ„g corrupt is cause of much incoÌ„â—enience ModeratioÌ„ of Carnall dealinges Prou. 8. Whores in lecherous lust neuer satisfyed nor in rewards Art. Modic 86. Sperme or Seede Matth. 19 1. Cor. 7. Sapient 8 Continency and Chastity a speciall gift of God. Matth. 17 Phlegm the matter of Bloud The myxture of the Humours compared to wyne Mylke of Bloud The cause why Pytha goras Scholers woulde eate no Mylke Mylke in the breastes of yonge Children Kernellie fleshe as in the dugges Euery parte of the body hath his seueral vertue The vse and effect of Phlegme The place where Phlegme is Diseases ê“ocedinge of Phlegme Hora. lib. 1. epist. 1. The heâ—d Stomacke the engendrers coÌ„ceptacles of Phlegme The harmes of a bodye and of a Realm first beginne at the head Prou. 19. 17. A brawling wife is lyke the top of a house wher throughe it is euer dropping Diseases ê“ceedinge of Rewmes Catarthes DroÌ„ken meÌ„ stammer double in their speach Stammereâ—â— cannot speake softly Nature of persoÌ„s Phlegmatike What Beastes fowles fishes be holesomest to eate A dead Eâ—le floateth not aboue water why Notes of a cold and moyst body Whereof hoarie hayres come Hoaryneâ—â—e in meates Dreames shewe and bewray the disposition state CoÌ„plexion of the bodye Naturall Dreams interpretable Diuine Dreames Dreames of the Phlegmatick Leuit. 19. Deut. 13. Wee maye not rashlye credite all Dreames Pollution effluxion of Seede howe it hapneth Canis paneÌ„ somnians Cap. 29. A place of Esay expoâ—ded Tokens of a colde and moyst complexion Reason yelded howe these Prouerbes EmuÌ„cte naris Obesae naris first began Prayse of a Phlegmatike person Phlegmatik persoÌ„s must vse exercyse Lib. 1. Tuend Val. lib. 5. The Phlegmatik must vse light suppers Foure kinds and effectes of Phlegme Gal. de Plenit Sweete Phlegme Sower Phlegme Doggishe appetite Epiala Salte Phlegme Harmes of salt Phlegm Glassie or clammie Phlegme What parts of the body be subiect to Phlegme Vse of Clysters Heate dissolueth moysture euen as the SuÌ„ne doth yse All men in daunger to phlegme Crudlty engendreth Phlegme All thinges done by memory Memory resteth in the Braine Things hurtful to the Memory Carnal knowledge of women is a weakening to the body A dry brain hath litle remembrauÌ„ce A moyste braine vnhable to remember Old folk yonge Children haue ill memories but the reason of the one is contrary to the other Temperature of the braine the maintenaÌ„ce of Memory Memory the gifte of Nature and is by Arte holpen and made better The reason why childreÌ„ caÌ„ remeÌ„ber things long afore done The Nucha and nape of the necke must bee kept warm A maÌ„ would bee glad to forget some things Mans corrupt nature more prone to ill theÌ„ to good Themistocles wyshed to learn the art of forget fulnes Olde grudges are to be forgotteÌ„ Healthe the strengthe of the Memorye Crudity and surphet the spoylers of Memory Ad HereÌ„ Lib. 3. tit 7. Memorye greatly helped and preserued by lighte Suppers In som shauinge of the head is a helpinge to Memory in other some a hindraunce Shauinge of the Bearde helpeth Memory ThiÌ„gs good for the Memory Herbes that sharpen the witte Restoratiues and remedies for the Memory being empayred or decayed throgh coldnes moysture To restoare a Memorye seemig past all recouery Onyons ill both for the eyes Memory Lactuce dimmeth the sight Rapes very beneficial restoratiue â–ª for the eyes What sorts of Braynes be beste for Memory Washing of the head Coriander Conserue of Quinces Sweet smels coÌ„fortable to the spirits The confectioÌ„ of Anacardus good for the Memory To restoare speach To restoare the right vse of the toÌ„gue to them that haue the Apoplexie The vertue of Lignum Aloes A Cocke to crow continnally without ceassing All thinges subiect to chaunge A Cholerick man. Choler natural and besyde nature The office of Choler Anger what it is By what partes of the body Choler is purged Iaundice Wringynge of the small Gutts Notes wherby to know a hoate and dry CoÌ„plexion Virg. li. 4 Georg. Yealow hayre Redde beards Nature of Themistos cles Red beardâ— argueth not alwayes an ill disposed person Wylie Foxes Lib. 6. Sat. 3. Horat. in Art. Poet. Iuuen. Sat. 6. Pale or Citrine Choler Tertian Agues Burâ—ing Ageâ—es Lucan lib. 7. Cholericke folkes haue many dread full and terrible Dreames Howe to purge Choler Slepe whole som good for Cholericke folke Yolkie Choler Leekish or greeue Choler Lib. 2. praedict ca. 39 Rustie or Brassie Choler The Wolfe 〈◊〉 disease Virg. AEneid 1. Death Man subiect to many casualties What limitation oure prayers and wyshes ought to haue No man but is subiect to MelaÌ„choly Students muche troubled wyth MelaÌ„choly Two sorts of MelaÌ„choly Whereto MelaÌ„choly is like The taste relyce of MelaÌ„choly De locis affect lib. 3. cap. 5. The vse and Nature of the Mylt In curcul Act. 2. The Mylte hindereth agility and quicknes of body Mylt caÌ„not be taken away The Splene lykened to a Princes Exchequer or Treasury The Mylte causeth a maÌ„ to laugh be mery Wyne cheereth the hartes of them that bee seuere maketh them as merye as a Pye. What time Melancholike persons be out of measure mery Beste for grim and seuere folkes to vse mery company The souereigntye of the heart Cordati Socordes Vecordes Genes 3. Catiline 1. Reg. 20 Genes 4. Cain a patterne of desperation Gal. 3. Agreement betwene the Heart and the Braine The Gall is the fouÌ„teina of Anger Tâ—e Lyuer causeth lust and carnall desire The Mylte beinge in right case cause of myrthe and cherefulnes The Mylte affected maketh the mynde heauy and sad Perturbations of mind Diseases of the Splene Pers Sa. 4. Signes of a desteÌ„pered Brayne Tormentes of an vnquiet mynde Timon a hater of all men Iliad 3. Causes of MelaÌ„choly affections Torment of an vnquiet and guiltye conscience Saty. 〈◊〉 Remoâ—â—â— Consciâ—â— for wiâ—â— deedes Esay 〈◊〉 Despysinge of Gods word auenged and punished Esay 36 Leaning to a broken reede 4. Reg. 18. Ezech. 29. Deut. 28. Leuit. 26. Iere. 〈◊〉 Double câ—â—trition 1. Cor. 10. Notes of a cold drye ComplexioÌ„ PersoÌ„s Phâ—â—gmatick 〈◊〉 coloured Trophonius Denne S. Patrickes Purgatory Three sorts of vnnatural MelaÌ„choly The colâ—â— of Melaâ—â— choly enâ—â—â—med Signes of suche as bee subiecte to MelaÌ„choly StaÌ„meringe of tongue Melancholy hath some heate in it Melancholike persons fickle headed and vnconstant Affectes of Melancholie cold Doltishe or Asselike Melancholie The force of Melancholie much encreased Probl. sect 30. Quest 13. Sundry coÌ„ditions of Drouken folkes Sat. 10. Melancholyke folkes lecherous Drunkards in the act of generation very weake and feeble Lib. 1. Epist. 5. Lib. 2. epist. 2. Certaine historyes of Melancholike persons A notable story and reporte of a certaine Melancholike man. Such as hee sterued vp with famine elye vpoÌ„ the seueÌ„th day Slepe easeth the ydlenes of the brain or rauing Aneid 6. How to expunge and beat downe MelaÌ„choly Three sorts of MelaÌ„cholye WheÌ„ to let Melancholike persons bloud Good for Melancholike persons to bee laxatiue soluble Lib. 6. Aph. 48. Spirits shuffle themselues in amoÌ„g the humors Melancholy folkes must keepe them selues soluble Hare geeueth MelaÌ„cholike nourishment Hare the holesoÌ„â—er 〈◊〉 â—â—gâ—hly hunted Ahore good for manye purposes in Phisicke To eate a Hare a Prouerbe Moderate myrthe and baÌ„quetting stirreth vp a pleasaunt colour and reuiueth the Spirits The outvvard countenaunce of a man bewrayeth the inwarde affections of his mind Diet for Melancholicke persons Liquide meates do quickly non rish Such as bee subiecte to sicknes and quaisie must eate but little bread The cause that briÌ„geth a stronge breath Holesome exhortatioÌ„ Quietnes tranquillity of mynd maketh all in good order and frame Printed at London in Fleetstreete by Thomas Marsh 1576. Cum Priuilegio
gleane and enioy any fruite of his wyshed estate He doth heerein much like to him that being spent in yeares euen at the pittes brincke carefully and busely saueth and purueigheth the neerer that hee coÌ„meth to his iourneyes end hath lesse way to go greater store and foyson of victual for his wayfaring expences a thinge in the opinion and iudgemente of Cato so absurde as nothinge more In which doinge hee wasteth all his labour and dealeth much like sayth Galene to â— man that in his old doating and decrepite dayes goeth aboute to learne some Arte or occupation whereas more meete it were for such a one to cal to remembraunce what a small time by course of nature he hath here to remaine and that his coÌ„tinuaunce here cannot be long but muste be packing awaye and depart to his long home Seinge therefore olde Age is to enioye and take no commoditie by chaunginge vsuall diet ordinary custome of lyuing it is better by euerye maner of way to cheerishe and comforte it and to heate and humect his colde and drye bodye wyth nourishment conueinente then doubtfully and by haphazard and otherwyse then that age permitteth to begin any new order sythence olde age is weake and feeble and not well able to beare oute euen the least disdiete that maye bee but if it fall thereinto hardly and with very much adoe can it escape and recouer it selfe out againe But forasmuch as naturall heate by moderate motion or exercise is encreased and streÌ„gthened and the Body and mynd of man wearyed wyth troublesome busynesse and cares is destrous with reste quietnes to bee refreshed to haue some reasonable truce relaxation euen as good heede and greate regard hereof in euery seueral CoÌ„plexion would be had for according to euery maÌ„s nature is the same sonderly to be vsed so in this hoate state CoÌ„plexion of body for the better maintenaunce and conseruation of health it would be well loked vnto and cyrcumspectyle considered Nothinge is holesomer nor more auayleable for health then seasonable Exercyse conuenient motion For by it the quicknes and vigour of the mynde is reuyued the faynt drowsye Spyrites styrred vp and awaked the soule and mynde checred and exhilarated all the parts of the body all the senses both within and without made nimble actiue perfect and ready to do their proper functions the colour fayrer fresher appetite prouoked sharpened the possages pores opened the coÌ„ceptories of the Veynes enlarged and made bigger whereby humours haue freer passage way into euery seuerall part of the body excremeÌ„ts commodiously purged concoction speedelyer finished the iuyce or humours being well cococted better distributed to the sustenaunce and nourishmente of euery member in the body last of all when the mynd is quyet calme then is sleepe sound and quiet also and not interrupted nor broken wyth phantastical dreames nightly imaginations yea then be al things duly seasonably and orderly vsed and done when the meate is throughly concocred and excrements by euacuation purged which by too vehement motion are drawen into the disposition or habite of the body stop the streit narrow pores therof When a man is disposed to exercise himself it shal be good to prepare his body therto by beÌ„ding and bowing thereof to stretch out his synewes and other parts of his body which peradueÌ„ture for want of exercise are stiffe thereby to make theÌ„ nymble plyable By this meanes shal hee wyth no greeuaunce or wearines vse exercise and so loÌ„g is it good for him to bestirre his body til his lymmes begin somewhat to swel a fresh ruddy colour in his face body with sweating to appeare which so soone as it happeneth is plainly to be perceyued it behoueth streightwayes to ceas froÌ„ exercise to chafe the body no further for if it be coÌ„tinued loÌ„ger not stinted by by the colour vanisheth awaye the body becoÌ„meth dry lancke And like as hoat coÌ„plexioned meÌ„ if they vse vehement swift motion wyth exercise heat chafe theÌ„selues throughly they haue thereby bodyes slender and by reason their naturall humoure is spent somewhat enclyning to drynesse so againe if they liue idly or giue themselues to drawsynes or to spending their time in riot distemperaunce loytringe slouth wantonnes ease nyce delytes they growe full of humours and ware wouderous grosse fatte and corpulent I maye peraduenture seeme to the sâ—â—emish and full stomacked Reader to bestawe herein â—o woâ—â—des then for such a matter are needeful but leâ— him vnderstaÌ„d that our purpose herein teÌ„deth to this onely end to admonish al men in general and namely Students and men of honourable byrth aâ—d such as further and fauour goad Studies and vertuous Arts and disciplines not to meddle with painful and vehemente stronge exercises specially when they be fasting or immediatly after meales neyther to sit at their Bookes at vnseasonable houres wearing away themselues still wythin doores and greatly wassing their animall spirites the faculties naturall of their bodyes For in both these sortes I see measure or meane in them wantinge whereof I purpose more at large to speake when I come to the discourse of the drye Complexion Furthermore forasmuch as there be sondry and diuers sorts of Exeraise and euery sort not apte decente for euery Age let euerye man trye and consider in himselfe whereto hee is by nature most apt and inclinable Hovv much his shoulders carye maye And vvhat they can not vvell vpstaye As for Wrestling Coytingo Tennis Bowlinge Whorlehattinge liftinge greate waightes pitching the harre Ryding Running Leapinge shooting in Gunnes swymming tossing the Pyke Tyltinge Barryers and Tourney are reckened amonge the exercises of strong men albeit some of them because they are violently and forciblye done haue of a mery beginninge a heauy and lamentable endinge as of late yeares it happened vnto the French King Henry the seconde of that name stoute Prince and of courage muincible who in a royall Iusting or running at the Tylt for the more solemnization of a nuptiall Pompe theÌ„ prepared receyued his deathes wounde with a splint or shyuer of a broken speare which pearced gotte in at the sight hoales or beauer of his Helmet and stroke the king into the eye and so to the braine whereof he sodainly fell into an Ague and after a few dayes dyed There be other kinds of exercise not of so great trauaile as these and lesse troublesome as to bee caryed in wagons or to be rowed in Boates soÌ„drye sortes of frictions walking eyther softly or apace Singinge and Musicall melodie chaunted eyther with liuely voyce or played vpon swete Instrumentes to the eares mynde righte pleasaunt and delightfull dryuing awaye heauynes and cheering and reuyunge the Spyrites when they are damped wyth thoughtes and carefull pensiuenes And if thereto be vsed a cleare
and lowde reading of bigge tuned sounds by stoppes and certayne Pauses as our Comicall felowes now do that measure Rhetorick by theyr peeuish Rhythmes it will bryng exceeding much good to the Breast and Muscles No lesse ease and profite lykewyse shall a man thereby finde for the openyng of hys pypes and expelling thence al obstructions specially if hee vse himselfe a litle to holde in his breath and pinching together his lyppes wyth his cheekes full blowen to let his breath gushe oute wyth a full sturdye sounde But this in yonge men sayth Galene is to bee moderated till they be at consistente Age and in mornynges when the body is emptye and not infarced neyther wyth the nightly exercyse of venerous pastimes afore wearyed and weakened This Exercyse also of al others is most chiefly coÌ„uenieÌ„t good for them that eyther by imperfectioÌ„ of nature or by negligeÌ„ce of Nurses are crooke-backed For the Muscles of their bulke breast and the lappes or bellowes of theyr LoÌ„ges being drawen together crooked toward theyr backs causeth theÌ„ to be shortwynded which by this meanes is greatly eased they therby made to fetche their wynd a great deale better with more facility Horses of good courage breedâ— when they feele the Spurre with coursinge tramplinge and fâ—tching the capre caryre or curuetty do the very same thinge naturally with their snuffing Nosethrils a tokeÌ„ wherby to know good coragious Horse which men do when they holde in theyr breath stroute out their C. jeekes This trick to make theÌ„ snuffe y Horscorsers vse by pinching them by the Noses and if thereupon they forthwyth puffe and blowe they take it for a certayne signe and sure token that the same horse is good and hath in him no hidden nor secrete fault For if he pace not well if he fling oute wyth his heeles and kicke if he haue a stiffe legge or a blynde eye and such like outward impediment it is euident by sight and loking on to be perceyued by other outward tokens ought and may easelye be found out and tryed I could heere repeate a great sort of other exercises moe as Dyce Tables Cardes but because they bee the pastimes recreations of ydle persons to be done standing still or sittinge and againe be not in y noÌ„ber of coÌ„mendable delights laudable solaces I haue spared in this place to speake anye thing of them For men of good nature and disposition when they haue any spare time from their other earneste busynesse desyre frequente such solaces sportes as are ioyned with honesty such as are the pleasures of the countrye practize of husbaÌ„dry which briÌ„geth with it not only pleasure but profite gaine also the plentifully without any dislykiÌ„g toyle For the master or owner of the ground needes not with his owne handes to moyle toyle digge and delue plough and carte sow harrowe breake cloddes to digge aboute his trees and cleanse awaye the superfluous and hurtful earth sithence he may take lesse paynes by committing the doing thereof to his Hindes and meigniall Hyerlings whom he may dayly ouersee and by word of mouth berke or figne appointe what he will haue to be done and taken in hand Which thing is meant by Terence where he bringeth in one old maÌ„ reprouing an other for drudging and moylinge in his grounde himselfe saying thus The toyle and labour vvhich thou takest vvith thyne ovvne hands if thou vvouldest bestovv the same in ouerseeinge thy folkes and setinge them to their busynesse thou shouldest haue more vvorke done by a great deale The owners foote maketh a fruitfull fielde sayth the Prouerbe and the Maysters eye fatteth the horse Now when we leaue of from exercyse and come to our meate and drincke which restoreth strength we must be very wary carefull that we ouercharge not our stomackes wyth superabundaunce and saciety For as too much abstinence and hunger is oftentymes hurtfull so too much fulnes and saciety is neuer profitable holesome for there wyth the Stomacke is too-much stuffed and distempered with cruditye engendring oppilation and putrefaction the verye breeders and procurers of Agewes and al other diseases To maynteyne preserue bodely health in perfect stay and soundnes all thinges are to be done in due order and by right choyse of iudgement so that according to the precept of Hyppocrates Labour or Exercyse Meate Drynck carnal Acte all muste be vsed in measure and be done in their due time and order Hereby wee see that by his opynion healthynes must take his beginning at Exercyse after which meate and drincke commeth next then Slepe and last of an carnall Act meetest for them sayth Galene â— vsually haue recourse thereto and feele sheve by leaste harme that is for 〈◊〉 Age for so Olde age and dry bodyes it is exceedingly hurtfull and most pernitious Neyther â—â—it without daunger and harme to be frequeÌ„ted of those that be of 〈◊〉 Complexions specially being vsed oute of season or immoderately or when the weather is hote In the Spring time it is more tolilerable and holesome after that the bodye is with moderate 〈…〉 meate and brincke heated and moystened and being also before sleepe For by this meanes the wearynesse 〈…〉 doing is by Sleepe incontineutly 〈◊〉 cased and repayred ¶ Emptynesse and Repletion THis moderation is in other thinges also to be obserued as when the body requyreth with meate and brincke to the refreshed or being wyth humours appâ—ete defyreth 〈◊〉 prouided alwayes that good consideration be had what strength the bodye is of what nature is able to beare and how farre herein a man may safely apuenture Which thing also in well and cyrcumspectly to be waighed and 〈◊〉 of in openyng of Veynes in prouokinge sweate in procuring laskes in skowringe and purginge the Entrailes and prouokinge vomites for in these regard and respecte muste be had both of time age custome nature and Countrey Neither ought any man of custome to vse and try any of these experiences rashly vpon himself except great cause therunto moue him or that he be troubled with much aboundaunce of noysome humours which requyre eyther by purgation or els by euacuation to bee expelled For in euerye CouÌ„try almost there be some which at all seasoÌ„s of the yeare vse to be let bloude or els by scaryfyinge the skinne to be cupped to the no small hindraunce daunger and empechmeÌ„t of their health for together with the bloude which is the treasure of lyfe there passeth out no smal deale of the vitall Spirite whereby the whole bodye falleth into great coldnes and nature weakened therby made lesse hable to performe her woorke and function So likewyse others without any aduyse of the Physitions wyll swallowe Pylles dryncke Purgations whereby they enfeeble their strength and hasten old age before the time The same now and then happeneth to sondry