Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	abate_v	salt_n	volatile_a	59	3	11.6670	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43108	Anthropōlogia, or, A philosophic discourse concerning man being the anatomy both of his soul and body : wherein the nature, origin, union, immaterality, immortality, extension, and faculties of the one and the parts, humours, temperaments, complexions, functions, sexes, and ages respecting the other are concisely delineated / by S.H.	Haworth, Samuel, fl. 1683.	1680 (1680)	Wing H1190; ESTC R28065	83,471	253

Palate or Nostrils likwise it falls from the Pituitary Glandules situate about the Basis of the Brain and is also seperated by the Glandulae Sublinguales and other Spongy Parts of the Jaws and Mouth and so becomes Spittle Melancholy is a Cold and Dry Sediment of the Blood in colour Black in Taste sowre and shar● seperated by the Parenchyma of the Spleen for the Blood brought hither by the Celiacal Arterie and passing thro many turnings and windings and as it were percolating thro the Parenchyma doth leave behind some salt and earthy parts which after they have undergone some alteration by their mutual Action one upon another by their attrition and justling in their passages thro the several Cells Cavities and Pores of the Parenchyma are by the fresh Blood which continually flows thither by perpetual Circulation carried back thro the Veins into the Mass of Blood in which they serve for a most useful and effectual Ferment and whatsoever of this Acid Humour is unfit to ferment the Mass of Blood it is sent out and discharged with the Serum by Urine and tho this Hypothesis of the Spleen being the Receptacle of Melancholy be by many Anatomists exploded yet Bartholine Waleus and Highmore do still assert it viz. That as the Liver doth secern the Bile so likewise the Spleen doth seperate a certain Acid Liquor from the Blood which may be called Melancholy When this Ferment once grows too Sharp and Acid The true Rice and Origin of Splenetic and Hypochondriac Affects and acquires parts apt to provoke irritate and prick the sensible parts of the Body and the Fixed Salt becomes Fluid it presently infects the whole stream of Blood puts it into violent and disorderly Motions vellicates the Nervous Parts fixes the Spirits puts all the Humours into strange confusion and makes them apt to congeal and stagnate and hence those Hypochondraic Affects which usually molest Melancholy Persons have their Rice and Origin for in those that labour under these Distempers all the Fixed Salts of the Blood which circulate thro the Spleen are there made Fluid and at length come to prevail over the other Principles of the Blood and turn the whole stock of it into a Liquor as sharp as Vinegar or Spirit of Vitriol by which means all the Spirits are depressed and kept under Sowre Belchings and Vomitings ensue violent and irregular Motions and boyling Ebullitions of the Blood which direful Maladies are soonest cured by those Medicines which abounding with Fixed Salts do precipitate the Blood as those extracted from Steel Tartar Vitriol and all Testacious Bodies as likewise Diuretic Remedies for we find by experience that these Medicines do sweeten all sharp Liquors and abate their pungency for the Acrimony of Salt is not blunted by Sulphureous but Saline Bodies by reason that Fixed Salts by an intimate and close Union to the Fluid do obtund their points and edges thus the corroding sharpness of the Spirit of Vitriol is taken away by Salt of Tartar or Wormood and saith Fonseca Salt of Tartar hath a great power in allaying the turbulent Acrimony of Melancholic Humours for by an intrinsic property in attracts all their sharpness Thus if we distil an Ounce of Tartar with two quarts of the strongest Vinegar a Water will arise without any Acidity And truly it is very probable that the reason why Melancholy Persons find so much benefit from Medicines of Tartar is that by sweetning the Blood and Juice in the same manner as that dulcifies Vineger the Tartar frees the Body from those inconveniences which are caused by their pungency and acrimony The way and manner how the Blood doth degenerate from a sweet and balsamic Constitution into a Liquor altogether sharp harsh and unpleasant and how this alteration is effected ought a little to be enquired into As long as the small passages in the Spleen remain free and open and the Substance or Parenchyma of it is not grown so hard and earthy as to alter the Natural Position and Shape of the Pores the supply of a well prepared Ferment is duly and regularly performed but if either from a Natural or Melancholic Constitution or Errors in Diet the Substance of the Spleen be render'd too compact and solid and the Pores and Spaces are altered from their Natural Figure and Magnitude the Saline Particles in their percolation thro the Spleen are so worn and grinded that they are not only seperated from the Sulphur and Phlegm which is necessary for the making of a Ferment but likewise forcibly disjoyned from the Earthy Principle without which they cannot remain fixt but presently become fluid and then instead of a Ferment which should maintain in the Blood an orderly and moderate Ebullition a sharp eager and pungent Liquor is sent into the Blood which puts in into irregular and tumultuous Fermentations and renders the whole Frame and Crasis of the Body disorderly If we consult the Symptoms of Hypochondriac Persons first their Appetite to Meat by reason of the sharpness of the Ferment in the Stomach is often too extravagant yet the Meat is ill digested and much of it turned into sowre Water and hence the Stomach being provoked and convelled by the gnawing Acidity of its Menstruum these persons are troubled with continual Spitting sometimes loathing and vomiting they are usually Costive and their Faeces very black by reason of the Vitriolic Acidity which produces that Colour their Urine is generally high-colour'd like a strong Lie because the Salt not being sufficiently volatilized and breathed out thro the Pores is sent down in the Serum thro the Urinary Passages they find also about their Breast a great Oppression Straitness and Difficulty of Breathing and sometimes fall into Astmatic Paroxisms Moreover They complain of a great trembling and palpitation of the Heart of a great weight and oppression of it which Symptoms proceed partly from the sharpness of the Nervous Juice which grate● and vellicates the Nerves and is apt to stagnate in them and partly from the Blood which is not well and regularly fixed in the Heart hence proceed acute and wandring Pains about the Mediastinum and Shoulders and sometimes such as imitate the Cholic and Nephritic Passions Thus tho this Acid Juice according to Helmont and Sylvius may be very useful in some parts of the Body and tho it may serve for a useful Ferment yet too great a quantity of it in the Blood may cause a Disease and indicate an Evacuation but it is now high time for me to return from this Digression Assimulation Membrification or the third Concoction We come now to the third Concoction which is the third Office in the Nutritive Function and that is Membrification or Assimulation this is performed when the Nutritive Juice is sufficiently prepared and by the Impulse of the conveying Vessels is brought near to the parts that are to be nourished and there by an Apposition● Agglutination and Transmutation all which must in order succeed each

and next to it most active from this Principle ariseth the variety of Colours and Smells the pulchritude and deformity of Bodies and the diversity of Tastes in a great measure that this Principle is copious in the Blood is evident from this that we are for the most part fed with Fat and Sulphurious Things From the solution of this it is very probable that the Crimson Tincture of the Blood ariseth for sulphureous Bodies do above all others tinge their dissolving Menstruums with a red Colour and when by reason of Crudity the Sulphur is not dissolved the Blood becomes pale and watery and will scarce make red a Linnen Cloth that is dipt in it The Mass of Blood thus impregnated with a considerable quantity of Sulphur together with abundance of Spirits becomes very fermentescible Salt which is a principle of a Nature more fixt than either Spirit or Sulphur neither so disposed for Volatility is that which makes Bodies compact and solid also ponderous and durable it promotes the coagulation of Bodies and Retards their Dissolutions resists Corruptions and Inflamability and because Spirit and Sulphur are too Volatile it fixeth them by its embracing them that this Principle is in the Blood is manifest by its Gusto when the saline Particles in the Blood are not enough exalted by reason of a bad Digestion but remain crude and for the most part fixt the Blood hence becomes thick and unable to perform its due circulation so that from hence arise Obstructions in the Bowels and solid parts and hence Serous Crudities are abundandantly generated but if by reason of the Deficience and Depression of the Spirit the Salt be too much exalted and reduced to a fluor a sharp austere Diathesis doth then accost the Blood such as is observed in Scorbutic Persons and in those that are attended with Quartian Agues Phlegm or Water which is the Vehicle of Sulphur and Spirit and the Medium to unite them together with the Salt for the other Principles being dissolved or at least diluted in this are kept in motion but without it they become stiff and congealed it is upon this Principle that the Fluidity of the blood depends hereby also its Conflagration and Adustion is restrained and its Heat tempered Earth is that which gives Consistency and Magnitude to Bodies by this the too great Volatilization of the Blood and its Accension is hindered Now tho these Principles are those whereof the Mass of Blood be composed yet this doth not at all destroy our former Assertion of the four Humours for while the Blood is circulating in its containing Vessels some of its Parts do continually wax old and new ones do supply their Deficience hence either by Crudity or too much Concoction something of necessity must become useless and Excrementicious which by the Fermentation and Effervescence of the Blood as in the Effervescence and Depuration of Wine it is secerned and seperated from its Mass Thus that watery Humour that is percolated in the Cavities of the Stomach and Intestines is called Phlegm those Particles of Salt and Sulphur and and some other adust ones secerned in the Liver and received by the Vasa Choledocha is that which they call Bile or Choler and the Earthy Feculencies sometimes in the Spleen is that we call Melancholy But these things I shall more fully handle in the subsequent Chapter where I shall Discover something of the Depuration of the Blood CHAP. XI Of the Functions of the Body NOt to tread in the footsteps of the Ancients farther than their Sentiments are agreeable to the Canons of Reason and Experience I shall not here confine my self to proceed in their Method it being inclusive of some particulars altogether ridiculous and exploded by all the ingenious for whoever will so devote himself to all their Tenents must of necessity restrain his mind from believing not only Maxims of undeniable Verity but also demonstrations of infallible Experience Thus those that conform their Opinion to theirs about the Subdivision of the Nutritive Faculty into the Attractive Retentive Concoctive and Expulsive must necessarily thwart their own Experience at least nullifie the constant Rules of Nature in imagining new and fictitious ones viz. By the attractive Faculty they would have us conceive that in the parts of this Body there is resident some charming Vertue whereby the Proxime Aliment is allured to them or that they by a kind of Magnetic Influence do effectually draw unto them the adjacent Nourishment By the Retentive they would have us believe that the parts of the Body finding this Aliment so agreeable and consimular to their Nature are so inamour'd with them as to retain them by voluntary Embraces The Genuine Distribution of the Functions The Genuine therefore and Legitime Distribution of the Functions are into these seven viz. The Nutritive the Vital the Sensitive the Locomotive the Enunciative and the Generative The Nutritive Function First the Nutritive Function forasmuch as Animals can perform those Actions which their Nature is capable of while they continue in that state in which they were first formed the God of Nature hath ordered that a Nutrition should succeed which might dilate and amplifie their slender Fibres by interweaving and assimulating so many more congeners to them as might reduce their Bodies to a convenient magnitude besides which is a great end aspired after by Nature in this necessary Function this greatly conduceth and almost solely serves for the Conservation of the Animals for since the primary Principle of Life in every Animal is a certain vital Flame and indegenary Heat such as is the rectified Spirit of Wine upon Ascention which penetrates and briskly agitates the fluid parts continually feeding upon them as its proper Pabulum or Fuel which Sulphureous and Oily Particles afford Aliment to that lamp of Life this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or innate Heat at first kindled by the Vegetative Soul or rather the Plastic Spirit in the Blood constantly burning in the Heart as in its Fountain or Primary Focus and thence by Diffusion of it self thro the Arteries warming enlivening and cherishing the Parts would soon consume and dissipate all its soluble Particles had it not a constant supply and continual Reparation or Renovation of those decays it causes to exhale and evaporate by a substitution and assimulation of equivalent Particles in the room of those dispersed and absum'd and so at last a Marasmus or Consumption would immediately ensue and the fluid parts being quite exhausted or dispersed and the vital Flame being quite destitute and devoid of Sustenance Life would totally be extinguisht but to anticipate such sad Effects and that this Principle of Life might not become our intern mortal Enemy so soon to destroy us our Mother Nature hath constituted this noble Function How Nutrition is performed which how it is performed is now incumbent upon me a little to explicate and that this may be done in a regular procedure we must subdivide

other is united to them The Material or Constitutive Principle of this is now commonly reputed not to be the Blood tho Aristotle greatly contended for it and the School of Physicians hath given its Suffrage to verify this Tenent but a certain sweet mild and balsamic Liquor analogous to the White of an Egg out which a Chicken is formed The next is the Vital Function The Vital Function this is that whereby Vital Spirits are generated in the Heart for the Conservation of Life in the whole Body Life primarily consisting in the procreation of Heat and Spirits and their due Contemperations with the Blood and Members of the Body and hereby vivifying them it is most necessary a living Body should be furnished with them and seeing that they are dissipable and soon ready to be spent the Body would soon be left in a state altogether inactive and liveless were it not supplied by a continual Generation of Vital Spirits By Vital Spirits I mean nothing else but the more fine What Vital Spirits are volatile aetherial sublim'd and subtiliz'd part of the Blood by which the Fermentation and Intern Motion of the Particles in that Liquor is maintained and that in its Circular Motion preserved from Stagnation and Coagulation and when the Body remains in a state of Health a seperation is continually made of all Immiscible and Heterogeneous Bodies which are either taken in with the Aliment or else come in the Blood from the Ambient The Archeus of the Pseudochymists a meer Fiction This is that Vital Flame I before mentioned and it is nothing else that the Pseudochymists do understand by that great Term their Noble Archeus that Vox praeterea Nihil To the Conservation of this Lamp of Life or the Generation of Vital Spirits there are two Actions or Motions subservient viz. Pulsation and Respiration Pulsation how performed Pulsation is not made a Motive Faculty inherent in the Blood either in respect of its Ebullition and Rarefaction or Vection and Attraction but partly by the Influx of the Blood distending the Ventricles of the Heart and partly by that pulsific Faculty residing in that Fountain of Life this Pulsation consists of three parts the Systole the Diastole and the Perisystole or intermediate rest The Systole is the Contraction of the Heart to a narrower compass expelling the Blood contained in the right Ventricle thro the Vena Arteriosa into the Lungs and that contained in the left into the great Arterie and so into all the parts of the Body Hence we may see the reason why the Motion of the Heart is most sensibly perceived on the left side without imagining the Heart to be more situate on that side than on the other The Diastole is a Dilatation of the Heart to receive the Blood in the right Ventricle out of the Vena Cava and into the left out of the Arteria Venosa The Perisystole is a certain quiet or short rest between the Systole and Diastole but of this see more pag. 108. Respiration it s two parts Inspiration and Expiration Respiration is an Act of the Lungs and Thorax consisting of two contrary Motions alternately successive Inspiration and Expiration Inspiration is caused by the Dilatation of the Lungs and Breast that so the Ambient Air might be received Expiration is the Contraction or Compression of those Parts whereby the same Air is expelled just as the Air is received in and expelled by a pair of Bellows The use of Respiration is not as hath been vulgarly held by the Ancients to refrigerate or cool the heat of the Heart for we see Air blown out of a pair of Bellows doth not any way extinguish but promote the accension of Fire but the use of Respiration is as Dr. Charleton saith 1. The use of Respiration in Eight particulars To subtilize the Blood and by the admistion of Air make it more convenient Fuel for the Lamp of Life and matter of Vital Flame 2. Or as Dr. Henshaw ingeniously supposeth To perform the Office of a Tonic Motion which is wanting in the Lungs for saith he In all the Musculary Parts of the Body there is a Natural Contraction of the Fibres whereby the Blood proceeding from the Heart and diffusing it self thro these parts is expelled thence and caused to recede to its Fountain again now the Lungs being a lax spongy and Parenchymous part is devoid of this Motion and certainly did not Respiration supply its defect it would soon be overwhelmed with the redundancy of Blood coming upon them and so a Suffocation of the Animal would immediately ensue 3. It serves for the Creation of Voice whether Articulate or Inarticulate 4 For the distribution of Chyle both out of the Stomach and Guts thro the Venae Lactea into the grand Receptacle and out of that Receptacle into the Ductus Chyliferi 5. For the Exclusion of Excrements 6. For Smelling 7. For Coughing Sternutation Excretion and Emunction 8. To assist the Body in any strange violent Motion The Sensitive Function The next is the Sensitive Function this is that whereby a Man doth exercise his Sense Whether or no Sense be performed by the Influx of Animal Spirits I cannot here determine there being so many almost inextricable difficulties on both sides The Senses are commonly known to be five The number of the Senses The Visive Auditive Tactive Gustive and Olfactive or Seeing Hearing Touching Tasting and Smelling each of which Senses have their proper Organs In every Sensation there are these four things requisite What things are requisite in every Sensation First An Instrument well disposed Secondly A proportionate Object Thirdly An adapted Medium Fourthly A convenient distance between the Object and the Instrument The Loco-motive Function The next Function in order is the Loco-motive whereby a Man performs local and voluntary Motion the Instruments that Nature hath supplied a Humane Body with for the performance of this are Muscles Tendons Ligaments and the Junctures of the Bones The Enunciative Function The Enunciative is that Function whereby a Man expresses the Sentiments of his Mind by his Voice the Organs of this Function are the Lungs the Aspera Arteria the Mouth that the Voice might be at pleasure either intended or remitted the Tube of this Arterie is furnished with Ringy Cartilages the lower of which if when contracted the attracted Air doth meet How a strong and a weak Voice is caused there is instantly caused a strong percussion and hence a great Voice results but by the uppermost a smaller re-percussion is made And hence an acute and squeeking Voice ariseth and that the sound after it is modelled in the Larynx might be articulated Nature hath given us a Throat Tongue Lips Teeth and Nostrils The Generative Function The last of all the Functions is the Generative this was appointed for the multiplying of Mankind it is from the mutual Congress of two Sexes the prolific