Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	abate_v	salt_n	sulphur_n	33	3	10.4250	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43108	Anthropōlogia, or, A philosophic discourse concerning man being the anatomy both of his soul and body : wherein the nature, origin, union, immaterality, immortality, extension, and faculties of the one and the parts, humours, temperaments, complexions, functions, sexes, and ages respecting the other are concisely delineated / by S.H.	Haworth, Samuel, fl. 1683.	1680 (1680)	Wing H1190; ESTC R28065	83,471	253

and next to it most active from this Principle ariseth the variety of Colours and Smells the pulchritude and deformity of Bodies and the diversity of Tastes in a great measure that this Principle is copious in the Blood is evident from this that we are for the most part fed with Fat and Sulphurious Things From the solution of this it is very probable that the Crimson Tincture of the Blood ariseth for sulphureous Bodies do above all others tinge their dissolving Menstruums with a red Colour and when by reason of Crudity the Sulphur is not dissolved the Blood becomes pale and watery and will scarce make red a Linnen Cloth that is dipt in it The Mass of Blood thus impregnated with a considerable quantity of Sulphur together with abundance of Spirits becomes very fermentescible Salt which is a principle of a Nature more fixt than either Spirit or Sulphur neither so disposed for Volatility is that which makes Bodies compact and solid also ponderous and durable it promotes the coagulation of Bodies and Retards their Dissolutions resists Corruptions and Inflamability and because Spirit and Sulphur are too Volatile it fixeth them by its embracing them that this Principle is in the Blood is manifest by its Gusto when the saline Particles in the Blood are not enough exalted by reason of a bad Digestion but remain crude and for the most part fixt the Blood hence becomes thick and unable to perform its due circulation so that from hence arise Obstructions in the Bowels and solid parts and hence Serous Crudities are abundandantly generated but if by reason of the Deficience and Depression of the Spirit the Salt be too much exalted and reduced to a fluor a sharp austere Diathesis doth then accost the Blood such as is observed in Scorbutic Persons and in those that are attended with Quartian Agues Phlegm or Water which is the Vehicle of Sulphur and Spirit and the Medium to unite them together with the Salt for the other Principles being dissolved or at least diluted in this are kept in motion but without it they become stiff and congealed it is upon this Principle that the Fluidity of the blood depends hereby also its Conflagration and Adustion is restrained and its Heat tempered Earth is that which gives Consistency and Magnitude to Bodies by this the too great Volatilization of the Blood and its Accension is hindered Now tho these Principles are those whereof the Mass of Blood be composed yet this doth not at all destroy our former Assertion of the four Humours for while the Blood is circulating in its containing Vessels some of its Parts do continually wax old and new ones do supply their Deficience hence either by Crudity or too much Concoction something of necessity must become useless and Excrementicious which by the Fermentation and Effervescence of the Blood as in the Effervescence and Depuration of Wine it is secerned and seperated from its Mass Thus that watery Humour that is percolated in the Cavities of the Stomach and Intestines is called Phlegm those Particles of Salt and Sulphur and and some other adust ones secerned in the Liver and received by the Vasa Choledocha is that which they call Bile or Choler and the Earthy Feculencies sometimes in the Spleen is that we call Melancholy But these things I shall more fully handle in the subsequent Chapter where I shall Discover something of the Depuration of the Blood CHAP. XI Of the Functions of the Body NOt to tread in the footsteps of the Ancients farther than their Sentiments are agreeable to the Canons of Reason and Experience I shall not here confine my self to proceed in their Method it being inclusive of some particulars altogether ridiculous and exploded by all the ingenious for whoever will so devote himself to all their Tenents must of necessity restrain his mind from believing not only Maxims of undeniable Verity but also demonstrations of infallible Experience Thus those that conform their Opinion to theirs about the Subdivision of the Nutritive Faculty into the Attractive Retentive Concoctive and Expulsive must necessarily thwart their own Experience at least nullifie the constant Rules of Nature in imagining new and fictitious ones viz. By the attractive Faculty they would have us conceive that in the parts of this Body there is resident some charming Vertue whereby the Proxime Aliment is allured to them or that they by a kind of Magnetic Influence do effectually draw unto them the adjacent Nourishment By the Retentive they would have us believe that the parts of the Body finding this Aliment so agreeable and consimular to their Nature are so inamour'd with them as to retain them by voluntary Embraces The Genuine Distribution of the Functions The Genuine therefore and Legitime Distribution of the Functions are into these seven viz. The Nutritive the Vital the Sensitive the Locomotive the Enunciative and the Generative The Nutritive Function First the Nutritive Function forasmuch as Animals can perform those Actions which their Nature is capable of while they continue in that state in which they were first formed the God of Nature hath ordered that a Nutrition should succeed which might dilate and amplifie their slender Fibres by interweaving and assimulating so many more congeners to them as might reduce their Bodies to a convenient magnitude besides which is a great end aspired after by Nature in this necessary Function this greatly conduceth and almost solely serves for the Conservation of the Animals for since the primary Principle of Life in every Animal is a certain vital Flame and indegenary Heat such as is the rectified Spirit of Wine upon Ascention which penetrates and briskly agitates the fluid parts continually feeding upon them as its proper Pabulum or Fuel which Sulphureous and Oily Particles afford Aliment to that lamp of Life this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or innate Heat at first kindled by the Vegetative Soul or rather the Plastic Spirit in the Blood constantly burning in the Heart as in its Fountain or Primary Focus and thence by Diffusion of it self thro the Arteries warming enlivening and cherishing the Parts would soon consume and dissipate all its soluble Particles had it not a constant supply and continual Reparation or Renovation of those decays it causes to exhale and evaporate by a substitution and assimulation of equivalent Particles in the room of those dispersed and absum'd and so at last a Marasmus or Consumption would immediately ensue and the fluid parts being quite exhausted or dispersed and the vital Flame being quite destitute and devoid of Sustenance Life would totally be extinguisht but to anticipate such sad Effects and that this Principle of Life might not become our intern mortal Enemy so soon to destroy us our Mother Nature hath constituted this noble Function How Nutrition is performed which how it is performed is now incumbent upon me a little to explicate and that this may be done in a regular procedure we must subdivide

Palate or Nostrils likwise it falls from the Pituitary Glandules situate about the Basis of the Brain and is also seperated by the Glandulae Sublinguales and other Spongy Parts of the Jaws and Mouth and so becomes Spittle Melancholy is a Cold and Dry Sediment of the Blood in colour Black in Taste sowre and shar● seperated by the Parenchyma of the Spleen for the Blood brought hither by the Celiacal Arterie and passing thro many turnings and windings and as it were percolating thro the Parenchyma doth leave behind some salt and earthy parts which after they have undergone some alteration by their mutual Action one upon another by their attrition and justling in their passages thro the several Cells Cavities and Pores of the Parenchyma are by the fresh Blood which continually flows thither by perpetual Circulation carried back thro the Veins into the Mass of Blood in which they serve for a most useful and effectual Ferment and whatsoever of this Acid Humour is unfit to ferment the Mass of Blood it is sent out and discharged with the Serum by Urine and tho this Hypothesis of the Spleen being the Receptacle of Melancholy be by many Anatomists exploded yet Bartholine Waleus and Highmore do still assert it viz. That as the Liver doth secern the Bile so likewise the Spleen doth seperate a certain Acid Liquor from the Blood which may be called Melancholy When this Ferment once grows too Sharp and Acid The true Rice and Origin of Splenetic and Hypochondriac Affects and acquires parts apt to provoke irritate and prick the sensible parts of the Body and the Fixed Salt becomes Fluid it presently infects the whole stream of Blood puts it into violent and disorderly Motions vellicates the Nervous Parts fixes the Spirits puts all the Humours into strange confusion and makes them apt to congeal and stagnate and hence those Hypochondraic Affects which usually molest Melancholy Persons have their Rice and Origin for in those that labour under these Distempers all the Fixed Salts of the Blood which circulate thro the Spleen are there made Fluid and at length come to prevail over the other Principles of the Blood and turn the whole stock of it into a Liquor as sharp as Vinegar or Spirit of Vitriol by which means all the Spirits are depressed and kept under Sowre Belchings and Vomitings ensue violent and irregular Motions and boyling Ebullitions of the Blood which direful Maladies are soonest cured by those Medicines which abounding with Fixed Salts do precipitate the Blood as those extracted from Steel Tartar Vitriol and all Testacious Bodies as likewise Diuretic Remedies for we find by experience that these Medicines do sweeten all sharp Liquors and abate their pungency for the Acrimony of Salt is not blunted by Sulphureous but Saline Bodies by reason that Fixed Salts by an intimate and close Union to the Fluid do obtund their points and edges thus the corroding sharpness of the Spirit of Vitriol is taken away by Salt of Tartar or Wormood and saith Fonseca Salt of Tartar hath a great power in allaying the turbulent Acrimony of Melancholic Humours for by an intrinsic property in attracts all their sharpness Thus if we distil an Ounce of Tartar with two quarts of the strongest Vinegar a Water will arise without any Acidity And truly it is very probable that the reason why Melancholy Persons find so much benefit from Medicines of Tartar is that by sweetning the Blood and Juice in the same manner as that dulcifies Vineger the Tartar frees the Body from those inconveniences which are caused by their pungency and acrimony The way and manner how the Blood doth degenerate from a sweet and balsamic Constitution into a Liquor altogether sharp harsh and unpleasant and how this alteration is effected ought a little to be enquired into As long as the small passages in the Spleen remain free and open and the Substance or Parenchyma of it is not grown so hard and earthy as to alter the Natural Position and Shape of the Pores the supply of a well prepared Ferment is duly and regularly performed but if either from a Natural or Melancholic Constitution or Errors in Diet the Substance of the Spleen be render'd too compact and solid and the Pores and Spaces are altered from their Natural Figure and Magnitude the Saline Particles in their percolation thro the Spleen are so worn and grinded that they are not only seperated from the Sulphur and Phlegm which is necessary for the making of a Ferment but likewise forcibly disjoyned from the Earthy Principle without which they cannot remain fixt but presently become fluid and then instead of a Ferment which should maintain in the Blood an orderly and moderate Ebullition a sharp eager and pungent Liquor is sent into the Blood which puts in into irregular and tumultuous Fermentations and renders the whole Frame and Crasis of the Body disorderly If we consult the Symptoms of Hypochondriac Persons first their Appetite to Meat by reason of the sharpness of the Ferment in the Stomach is often too extravagant yet the Meat is ill digested and much of it turned into sowre Water and hence the Stomach being provoked and convelled by the gnawing Acidity of its Menstruum these persons are troubled with continual Spitting sometimes loathing and vomiting they are usually Costive and their Faeces very black by reason of the Vitriolic Acidity which produces that Colour their Urine is generally high-colour'd like a strong Lie because the Salt not being sufficiently volatilized and breathed out thro the Pores is sent down in the Serum thro the Urinary Passages they find also about their Breast a great Oppression Straitness and Difficulty of Breathing and sometimes fall into Astmatic Paroxisms Moreover They complain of a great trembling and palpitation of the Heart of a great weight and oppression of it which Symptoms proceed partly from the sharpness of the Nervous Juice which grate● and vellicates the Nerves and is apt to stagnate in them and partly from the Blood which is not well and regularly fixed in the Heart hence proceed acute and wandring Pains about the Mediastinum and Shoulders and sometimes such as imitate the Cholic and Nephritic Passions Thus tho this Acid Juice according to Helmont and Sylvius may be very useful in some parts of the Body and tho it may serve for a useful Ferment yet too great a quantity of it in the Blood may cause a Disease and indicate an Evacuation but it is now high time for me to return from this Digression Assimulation Membrification or the third Concoction We come now to the third Concoction which is the third Office in the Nutritive Function and that is Membrification or Assimulation this is performed when the Nutritive Juice is sufficiently prepared and by the Impulse of the conveying Vessels is brought near to the parts that are to be nourished and there by an Apposition● Agglutination and Transmutation all which must in order succeed each

Memory they are dull and blockish of a very slow and obtuse Ingeny they are very placable and soon reconciled extreamly devoted to sleep they dream of Cold Waters Floods Ponds Seas Rain Snow Drownings and white Things their Pulse is little and slow they have a small Appetite little or no Thirst they grow Old very slowly and have very little Inclination to Venery but in the moderate use find much benefit because by stirring up in them the Natural Heat which is almost Dormant the Phelgm is concocted and the Body made more temperate They are better in fair Weather and always worse in cold and rainy Weather the Distempers ●●at they are most addicted to are Catarrhs Coughs Dropsies Cachexies Lethargies Palsies Appoplexies c. They excern a crass white and insipid Excrement thro the Mouth and Nostrils their Urine is white and thin and Women of this Complexion are often troubled with that which they call the Whites which is an efflux of a thin white Humour thro the Vterus either continually or at least in no Order or certain Period The last of the Four Complexions which yet remains is the Melancholic How to distinguish when the Melancholic Humour i● predominant Those of this Constitution are cold and dry their Colour is brown or somewhat black they are of a lean habit of Body their Veins are very streight and narrow their Hair is black hard rough or crass slowly encreasing and soon hastening to the Canities of Old Age they are very obnoxious to ●ear and sadness and that sometimes without any known or manifest cause yet they are prudent cautious wary constant and ingenous but where this atrabilous Humour is adust they are treacherous and unfaithful they are very difficult to be moved to Anger but when they are they are almost implacable they have a very strong Memory by reason of Siccity they are very wakeful and sleep very interruptedly and disquietly they dream of black Things Murthers dead Bodies Graves and the Devils c. They have a very uncertain Aspect and sad Countenance their Pulse is tardy and hard they have for the most part a good Appetite because of the Acidity of this Humour which is prepared for the concoction of Food in the Ventricles and stirring up of Cold yet sometimes thro the Vitiation of this Humour the Appetite is very much dejected they have but little Thrist because of the Serum and Spittle which abounds in this Constitution they have often sower Belchings which arise from those Crudities wherewith Melancholy Persons do abound they are very tardy in the performance of Venereal Acts and receive very much injury from the frequent use of them yet those are more prone to them that abound with Flatulencies and are hereby often excited to Venereal Actions they are very subject to Tumours and hardnesses of the Spleen and Hypochondriac Affects to Tertian Agues Leprosies Warts and Haemorrhoids c. They often vomit and spit frequently Hence Melancholy Persons are often called Sputatores they are commonly Costive and their Excrements are blackish they also avoid black Blood thro the Haemorrhoids their Urine is thin and white sometimes crass and livid Thus we have given a brief Specimen of the Four Constitutions let me now subjoyn that I would not have the Reader think me so much devoted to the trite old Galenic way as to think that the Blood is a Composition of these Four Humours blended together or that I am so strict a Chymist as to explode and utterly reject the Notion of the Four Humours as a useless and unprofitable Fiction and only adhere to their Doctrine tho very ingenuous of the Five Principles But our Apprehensions are that tho it be utterly untrue that there are in the Vessels Four distinct Humours Dr. Castle 's Chymical Galenist for whatsoever is contained in the Arteries and Veins is either the stale deflragrated Blood or the Alimentary Juice fresh come into the Vessels or else the Serum or Whey returned by the Lymphaducts or else some particles of Nitre and other Bodies received in by the Lungs and Mouths of the Veins from the Ambient and tho the Blood differ in several Bodies only as to the abundance or defect of Natural Heat yet Men are not improperly said to be of a Melancholic Choleric or some other Temperament insomuch as by how much the more vigorous or remiss the Bowels and Entrails are by so much the more weakly or powerfully Concoctions are performed Willis de Fermentatione Febribus and consequently the Blood apt to be overcharged with stale and adust or else crude and phlegmatic Excrements in which the Person either way disposed is not improperly said to be of a Phlegmatic or Choleric Temper and if the adust or raw Excrement be not rightly and duly seperated out of the Mass by the effervescency of the Blood I see no reason why I may not say A Man abounds with a Melancholic Phlegmatic or Choleric Humour and it so than the Notions about Pharmacy aiming at an evacuation or else alteration of the Humours are not framed amiss nor without good reason for I suppose it alters not much the case as to practice whether we suppose there is too great a redundancy of one of the Humours in the Blood or whether which is the right Notion we apprehend the Blood depraved with a phlegmatic or raw Juice or a bilose Excrement consisting of Salt and Sulphur or the Melancholic in which the Caput Mortuum or earthy part is predominant for either of these Notions will direct us when the Blood is unable to fine it self to assist it with those Alteratives which time and experience hath recommended to us as proper in those cases and those Purgers which have been long observed more particularily to make separation either of the Pituitous Choleric or Melancholic Parts of the Blood for tho it be irrational to think that Purgers do with a certain knowledge or choice lay hold of one Humour rather than another yet is that distinction of Purgers into Cholagoga Phlegmagoga Melanagoga and Hydragoga of very good use and founded upon Observation and Experience insomuch as the several Purgers by causing very different Fermentations and variously agitating the particles of the Blood may with good reason cause different Seperations and so one Purger to evacuate that sort of Excrement Barm or Lee which another cannot The Doctrine of the Four Humours reconciled with that of the Five Chymic Principles Thus our Doctrine of the Four Humours doth not destroy that of the Five Principles for altho it is apparent that in the Blood there are five Principles as Spirit which is the Subtile and Volatle part of it whose Particles being always expanded endeavouring to take their flight do agitate the gross Corpuscles of the other Principles wherein they are ininvolved and so keep them in that continual Motion of Fermentation Sulphur which is a Principle of a Consistence somewhat more crass than Spirit