are retired to their proper stations By this rational course the advantages that will accrue to you are these Exercise rouseth dull inactive spirits gives ventilation opens obstructions by the motion attenuation and penetration of the subtile spirits agitates and volatiseth feculent subsiding humours abates superfluous moisture increaseth natural heat promotes concoction distribution and conveyance of aliment through the narrow Channels and Passages unto the several parts of the body procures excremental evacuations strengthens all the Members and preserves Nature long in her vigour and verdure Having set out the times for Exercise and Motion the remainder is allotted for Rest and Ease with such refections and repast as Nature requires Quod caret alterna requie durabile non est Ovid. Rest is as necessary to preserve Health and continue mans body in strength and vigour as Exercise These two although much opposite in themselves yet both in their order and seasons are very suteable and agreeable to humane Nature and both contribute to the being and long being of Man Nothing constant is liking and congruous with our Nature but vicissitude is most acceptable and delightful When the body is wearied with Labour then rest is refreshing and renews its strength but when satiated with rest does then thirst after motion and pleasant exercise Rest is a burthen if forced upon Nature longer than Nature does require and that is but for a short space Interdum quies inquieta est quoties nos male habet inertia sui impatiens Sen. So that the due timeing of Rest and Motion and limiting them to their hours and seasons most agreeable and delightful to humane Nature is that which preserves him in Health and prolongs his Being Avoid idleness and a sluggish sedentary life for want of due action and wholesom motion the body like standing Waters degenerates and corrupts If Rest exceeds the vigour of Nature is abated digestion not so good distribution of aliment to the several parts retarded and impedited by reason of an obstructed foul body excrementitious superfluities not freely transmitted and emitted the spirits dulled and all the faculties of the body and mind heavy and slow to action Ignavia corpus hebetat labor firmat SECT XV. Sleep and Watching Limited and Cautioned THE Life of Man being conversant in vicissitudes spends its whole course in these two different states Sleep and Watching the one appointed for Rest and Ease the other for Action and Labour If he were constant in the first his life were but the shadow of Death not worth the naming Nemo dum dormit alicujus est pretii non magis quam si non viveret Quidam If in the latter he could not hold out long but be tired and worn out Therefore Nature hath wisely contrived that man should not continue long in either but should be transient from one to the other and weave out his life by these short intervals and changes Watching Action and Motion Sleep Rest and Cessation these are equally requisite for our well-being So that these two variations relieving one another both become a defence and support of humane life Sleep is a placid state of body and mind bringing refreshment and ease to both Sleep takes off the Body from action and the Mind from care thought and business and gives a cessation and quiet interval from their Labour That sleep may prove most advantagious answering the intentions and designment of Nature it must be regulated in these four particulars the Time when and the Limits how long the Place where and the Manner how The Time most proper and fit for Sleep and according to the appointment of Nature is the Night when most of the Creatures also do take their rest At the shutting up of the day and the Sun departed from the Horizon the spirits are not so active and lively but incline to a cessation and then it is fit to give them their repose and rest and not constrain them longer upon duty In the morning again at the rising of the Sun they are fresh brisk and agile fit for motion and action and then they are no longer to be chained up in somnolent darkness but to be set at liberty and enjoy the bright light which chears the spirits and is a great enlivener to them Turpis qui alto sole semisomnis jacet Cujus vigilia medio die incipit Sen. Avoid day-sleeps as a bad custom chiefly fat and corpulent bodies but if your spirits be tired with much business and care or by reason of old age debility of Nature extream hot weather labour or the like that dissipates the spirits and enervates then a moderate sleep restores the spirits to their vigour again and is a good refreshment but rather take it sitting than lying down Night watching and late sitting up tires and wasts the animal spirits by keeping them too long upon duty debilitates Nature changeth Youth and a fresh florid countenance heats and dries the body for the present in time it abateth natural heat breeds Rheumes and Crudities and most injurious to thin lean bodies But go early to sleep and early from sleep that you may rise refreshed lively and active not dulled and stupid For length and continuance Moderate sleep is best it refresheth the spirits fortifies and increaseth vital heat helps concoction gives strength to the body pacifies anger calms the spirits and gives a relaxation to a troubled mind But immoderate sleep dulls the spirits injurious to a good wit and memory fills the head with superfluous moisture and clouds the brain retains excrements beyond their due time to be voided and infects the body with their noxious fumes and vapours an enemy to beauty and changeth the fresh flower of Youth Concerning the place for sleeping take these cautions First That you do not expose your self to the open Air for in the time of sleep Nature is not so well able to defend the body from external injuries of the Air but lies more open to such assaults being off her guard and retired to Rest Know also that it is a bad custom to sleep upon the ground as many in the Summer season do use to their prejudice and those whose conditions of life necessitate them to it as Souldiers although for the present they escape the mischief yet afterwards most are made sensible of the injury by Aches stifness or weakness of Limbs and many other infirmities that it procures Sleep not in any damp place Vault or Cellar a ground Chamber especially unboarded a new washt Room or new plaistered but chuse a high Room dry sweet and well aired free from smoke and remote from any noise Let your Bed be soft but not to sink in which sucks from the body exhausts and impairs strength a Quilt upon a Feather-Bed is both easie and wholesom Be careful that your Bed be clean sweet and well aired for Bedding receives the vapours and sweaty moisture that comes forth from bodies lying in them which if they be
and other Countries very frequent not gross and turbulent infected with putrid vapours and noxious exhalations from stinking Ditches Lakes Bogs Carrions Dunghills Sinks and Vaults for which causes great Cities and the adjacent places are not so healthful nor the people so long liv'd Change of Air sometimes is very necessary for the conservation of health and the recovery of it declining and lost for temperate bodies by an intemperate Air shall gradually and in time become intemperate intemperate bodies by the contrary intemperate Air shall be reduced to temperature at least shall conduce much and be very Auxiliary for the reduction Therefore bodies declining from exact temperature are best preserved in that Air opposite to their declensions as cholerick hot and dry bodies in a moist and cool Air Phlegmatick cold and moist bodies in a dry and warm Air. It is not therefore of small moment in what place you live and more especially such who labour of or are more subject to any pectoral infirmity for the Lungs being of so tender a substance and porous continually drinking in the Air are most apt to receive impressions from it according to the properties it is pregnant with and infested and many diseases of the breast arise from this sole cause and many exasperated by it and continued Hence it is that Asthmatick Phthisical and Consumptive persons shall not be cured in some places but may have cure in another Be cloathed according to the clemency season and temperature of the Air your Age and habit of body Lean thin bodies and pervious corpora rarae texturae and whose skin are loose and lax may wear thicker cloathing because such are more perspirable do magis emittere transpirare and are also more penetrable and subject to injury of the Air. Fat and fleshy people and whose bodies are solid firm and hard are more impenetrable and impervious and may wear thinner Garments Infants and Children lately cherished in the stove of the Womb being of tender soft bodies are easily exposed to the prejudice of the Air. Vigorous youth and middle Age being accustomed to all weathers whose spirits abounding do strongly resist and keep out the assaults and injuries of an offensive Air may best indure hardship Old Age whose natural heat is abated and spirits exhausted stands in need of good defensatives against external cold and to cherish internal heat Observe the seasons and changes of the Air and be then most careful for at such times you are in most danger to exchange health for sickness hence it is that Spring and Autumn abounds most with Diseases the Air then assuming new properties opposite to its former constitution sets new impressions upon our bodies which occasions the various aestuations and turgid formenting of humours producing divers symptoms according to the variety of their nature the organical difference office and constitution of the several parts The Sun being risen and the Air clear open your Chamber-Windows that the fresh Air may perfume your Room and the close Air and inclosed Vapours may go forth Bad smells and putrid vapours being drawn in with the Air are very injurious to the Lungs and vital parts contaminating the spirits and impressing upon the Crasis of those parts their tetrid nature are oftentimes the original of a Consumption and if the Lungs be weak and infirm are more apt to receive prejudice than others But fragrant smells refresh and chear the vital spirits and are very wholsome breathing forth the vertue of those things from whence they do proceed Be not late abroad nor very early for before Sun rising and after setting the Air is not so good being then infested with noxious vapours until the radiant influence of the Sun dispels and purifies and those whose custom it is to be often abroad at such times are most frequently molested with Rheums and Rheumatick Diseases of which their declining years will more evidently manifest the prejudice Likewise in moist foggy dark weather 't is better being within than abroad and if it be a cool season good fires and fragrant fumes are then both pleasant and very wholsom Be frequent abroad in the Fields when a clear Skie invites you forth and let the fresh Air fan you with its sweet breath but more especially in the morning the Air is softer and more pleasant than your Bed and sure I am far more wholsom Temperie Coeli corpusque Animusque juvatur Ovid. In the choice of places to inhabite and dwell in these things are to be considered principally First The Climate that it be temperate and suting with the nature of the person for some persons may agree well with one Climate with which others cannot cold and moist bodies agree best with a warm and dry Air hot and dry bodies with a moist and cooler Air. Secondly The situation of the place and soyl is to be noted for as much as low wet and marish Lands are not so wholsom to inhabit as gravelly Plains and dry Highland Countreys Thirdly In relation to Country and City regard is to be had and here the Country does prevail over the City for Health and is to be accounted the best place of abode The continual smoke and annoyances that are inseparable from great Cities make those places to abound more with infirm and sickly people Fourthly The Waters that supply a place do make it better or worse to live in as they are good or bad Water being of so constant and general use is much to be regarded though little taken notice of and procures many diseases from the variety of its nature being impregnated variously from the Earth it passeth through or from accidents that happen to change it from its natural properties by the admixture of any filth carrion or what else shall fall into it and therefore River Waters that lie open to such injuries are much to be suspected of unwholsomness And ill water is a great procurer of the Scurvy in many places as Pliny relates that Caesars Army by drinking of bad Water but a few days had the symptoms of that Disease The commendations of a place in relation to health and long life are these A temperate Air dry serene and clear Champain or high Lands a gravelly dry soyl watered with pure good Springs remote from the Sea Lakes or Marshes not frequented with unwholsom Winds and stormy blasts So considerable is the Climate and Air in relation to our Being that it not only changeth and altereth our Bodies but also our Minds are wrought upon by it in as much as the wit inclinations and manners of a people are different upon this score And for long Life we find that in some Countries the people are longer lived by much than in other and this from the wholsomness of the place and purity of the Air therefore the choice of places to live in is of great concernment and much to be regarded by those whose Fortunes permit them to pitch in any place for the advantages of
to you what is convenient which is a certain rule of proportion if you observe not to eat to a satiety and fulness but desist with an appetite being refreshed light and chearful not dulled heavy and indisposed to operation and action either of mind or body A set quantity or measure of meat or drink cannot be prescribed as a general rule and observation for all to follow in regard of the variety and great difference of persons in Constitution Age strength of Nature condition of Life and infirmities that what is convenient for one is too much for another and too little for a third The strong and healthy cannot conform to the sickly weak and infirm in quantity nor the labouring man to the sedentary and studious or the idle therefore every stomach is to be its own judge and every one ought to moderate themselves by the Cautions before-mentioned If your diet sometimes be not so good and proper for you in the quality and substance make amends in the quantity and eat the less Indulge not to the cravings of an irrational sensitive appetite but allow such a supply of daily food as will support and maintain bodily strength and not over-load it thereby the spirits will be vigorous and active humours attenuated and abated crudities and obstructions prevented many infirmities checkt and kept under the senses long preserved in their integrity the stomach clean the appetite sharp and digestion good Quicquid plus ingeritur gravat naturam non juvat But by the surplusage and over-charge the stomachical ferment is over-laid and its incisive penetrative faculty obtunded the appetite and digestion abated the stomach nauseating fluctuating and belching with crudities from whence Gripes Fluxes and Feavers do follow the spirits also clogged dull and somnolent and by their indisposition and inactivity humours subside degenerate incrassate and obstruct from whence also various ill symptoms and depraved effects throughout the body debilitating and decaying the senses enervating and stealing away the strength of the body by defrauding it of good nutriment hastning old age and shortning life Although you do not perceive the injury of your intemperance presently yet it will appear and be manifest if Physick remove it not seasonably Noxa etsi ad tempus fortasse delitescit temporis tamen successu sese exerit In Winter you may eat more freely but in Summer the spirits are dilated exhausted and drawn forth by the external heat opening the pores wherefore the appetite is not so sharp nor digestion so quick And the Rule is true though heat be not the principal cause of concoction yet it is a necessary Agent Exciter and Cooperator The third considerable in regular eating is fit and convenient times wherein take these Cautions Let not the common custom of meals invite you to eat except your appetite concur with those times and keep a sufficient distance between your times of eating that you charge not the stomach with a new supply before the former be distributed and passed away and in keeping such a distance your stomach will be very fit and ready to receive the next meal the former being wrought off perfectly no semi-digested crude matter remaining to commix with the next food and that is one chief cause of crudities and a foul stomach when a new load is cast in before the former be gone off which begets much excrements not much aliment clogs the Body and procures Diseases And therefore Avicen rightly admonisheth Nemo sanitatis suae studiosus aliquid comedat nisi ad hoc certo prius invitante desiderio ventriculo unà cum reliquis superioribus intestinis à praesumpto cibo vacuatis The Stomach that is empty receives closeth and embraceth food with delight will be eager and sharp in digestion and the Body will attract and suck the aliment strongly each part as it passeth along will perform its Office readily and sufficiently which they will not do if often cloyed with depraved and indigested aliment but slowly and with reluctancy for although they do not act by reason yet they have a natural instinct or endowment to discern their proper and fit object If you ask how oft in the day and when it is convenient to eat I answer as the quantity is not alike measured to all so the times are not equally to be appointed Children that have coming and craving stomachs do and may eat often in a day Young men and women healthful and good stomachs that labour or use much exercise may eat thrice in the day Morning Noon and Night The elder sort and such as are infirm or weak in stomach that do no work use no exercise or have a sedentary life to such eating twice in the day is sufficient And herein also respect is to be had to the nature and temperature of the Body and to custom for cool fat and moist Bodies bear hunger better than lean hot people of greater perspiration and cholerick stomachs who are gnawn by abstinence and do not well bear it especially if they omit a meal contrary to custom as Hippoc notes Apher 24. de rat vict qui bis de die cibum capere consueverunt ii nisi pransi fuerint imbecilles finnt infirmi ac 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 patiuntur Omit a meal sometimes it acuates and sharpens the stomach concocts indigested matter and makes the next meal rellish better Eat no late Suppers nor variety at once a good stomach may endure it for a while but the weaker is more sensible of the injury the best is prejudiced in time Eat not presently after exercise nor when you are hot but forbear till the spirits he retired and setled in their stations The fourth considerable for manner of eating and helps to digestion take this advice When you come to Meat leave your care and business but bring in your friend and be as merry as you can mirth and good company is a great help to a dull stomach both for appetite and digestion Eat not hastily but chew your meat well 't is a good preparation for concoction and your stomach will more easily and sooner digest for if it be but half chewed the stomach must have the labour to chew it over again with its incisive ferment Drink a little and oft at meat to macerate and digest especially if your meat be dry and solid and to help distribution of aliment but great draughts cause fluctuations and disturb the fermentation Forbear reading writing study or serious cogitations for two hours after meat else you draw off from the stomach abate the strength of digestion and injure the brain Hasty motion opens the Orifice of the stomach precipitates the food before due time and vitiates digestion SECT VII The variety of Mans Food The several sorts of Flesh and Fish their difference in digestion and goodness MAN above all Creatures exceeds in variety and choice of meats having not only for necessity and convenience but for pleasure also Nature abounds in variety
ferment of the stomach Honey is nourishing and wholesome more especially good for those that are asthmatick that are molested with Coughs have weak Lungs and short breath It is balsaick clensing and makes the Belly soluble and to sweeten with honey is better than sugar wherein Art is used to refine and whiten it Oil Olive being of an unctuous nature is moderately hot and lubrifies the bowels is wholsome and good especially for cold and phlegmatick Bodies and such as are costive but for hot feavourish Bodies it is not convenient Butter is temperate in it self moistening mollifying and solutive wholesome for sound and clean Bodies but not so good for cholerick and foul Bodies especially being used in sauce Vinegar and sowre juices as of Lemmons Verjuice Oranges and the like are cooling penetrating and incisive they acuate and whet the appetite help the stomach in digestion of grosser meats and give a good relish in eating but the immoderate and frequent use cools dries constringeth and binds the body is hurtful to the Nerves and nervous parts very bad for Women and those that are subject to the Gout Asthma's and stoppings in the breast or in other parts and for lean and dry Bodies Mustard quickens the appetite warms the stomach dries up superfluous moisture helps the stomach in digesting hard meats opens stoppings in the breast and head and good for such as are heavy and cloudy in their Brains Mace Ginger Nutmeg Pepper and Cloves help a cold stomach comfort the heart and brain refresh the spirits by their aromatical odour are grateful upon the Palate and very acceptable to Phlegmatick cold Bodies Cinamon as it excelleth all Spices in odour and sapor so is it most cordial and acceptable to the stomach It is hot and dry acrid and penetrating opens obstructions yet leaving an astriction and roboration upon the parts it comforts and refresheth weak natures Olives pickled are used as sauce and for the pleasant tast of the pickle which is grateful to the stomach they may be eaten moderately without hurt but the Olive of it self is heavy in digestion and not so good Capers are abstersive and opening quicken the stomach and good for those that are splenetick and may freely be used by any that loves them for sauce Broom-buds pickled are wholesome and good and are much like to Capers in their nature to excite the stomach and to open obstructions of the Liver and Spleen Sampire pickled is both wholesome and pleasant to eat with meat it hath an abstersive and diuretick faculty Cucumers are cold and moist being pickled when they are young and little they please the palate excite the appetite and are good Winter-sauce especially for hot stomachs but the great ripe Cucumers usually eaten unpickled are too waterish and unwholsome especially for cold phlegmatick Bodies but Pepper Oil and Vinegar does something correct and mitigate their faults Gillyflowers are moderately hot and dry cordial and good to strengthen the brain being pickled in Vinegar are then a pleasant and wholesome sauce and is so used by some Onions are hot and dry acrid in tast and of ill juice being eaten raw although they provoke the appetite yet they trouble the stomach afterwards and are long in passing off causing unsavoury belchings and a strong breath but being boiled their heat and acrimony is abated and naughtiness corrected giving a good relish to rest or stewed meat especially to broth which Onion makes very savory In the use of the forementioned I shall give this caution that young stomachs and strong healthy bodies which need not a spur to their appetite nor a help to digestion that they frequent not the use of these spices and enticing sauces but reserve them for Age deficiency of stomach and other infirmities for if you accustom your self to them in youth and strength to please your palate and intice your stomach there being no need when the condition of your body does require them you shall not find that benefit and assistance from them which otherwise you might have expected and received had you forborn the use of them when it was not necessary SECT IX Of Milk Milk meats Eggs and Spoon Meats OF Animals come Milk and Eggs for food Milk is the first food of Man and of most if not all four-footed Beasts Milk is bloud digested and altered a second time by the transmuting power of the ubera dugs therefore as the blood is better or worse so is the milk The difference of milk in kind and goodness is various there are five sorts chiefly used by man the womans milk Cows milk Goat Sheep and Asses milk Womans milk as it is most natural to mankind so is it most nourishing and restaurative to weak Consumptive Bodies Cows milk is the next in goodness being fat thick nourishing and most agreeable Sheep and Goats milk are something alike and may be accounted the next in goodness Asses milk is used more physically than for food esteemed helpful to Consumptive people but I have not that opinion of it nor at any time do appoint it The Asse is a heavy melancholy Creature and the milk cannot do such feats as some do imagine Milk is better or worse from the difference of Creatures in specie and in soundness from their feeding or pasture and from the times of the year and of taking it The Beast must be sound the pasture good in the spring it is best and when it is new milkt and upon an empty stomach received Milk in it self is a clean wholsome good food affording much nourishment and light in digestion generally agrees and is desired by all Children and most young folk but this innocent food as it is easily concocted so it is soon corrupted and therefore not convenient for all persons for milk coming into foul Bodies is quickly depraved and makes that Body worse Milk is cooling and moistning both pleasant and good for lean hot and dry Bodies but for cold phlegmatick fat and gross Bodies not so fit To sweeten your milk with honey or sugar is a good custom for it is not then so apt to curdle in the stomach nor to cause obstructions Cream which is the fat of milk is very pleasant in tast but to eat it often is not good After milk eat nor drink of an hour and half nor use exercise to heat the Body Of milk we have Butter and Cheese Whey and Butter-milk New Butter from the hands of a good Housewife with Bread is a very good Breakfast but used as sauce and mixed with different sorts of food is then not so wholsome for the Body being then apt to rise and fluctuate uppermost in the Ventricle relaxing the orifice and disturbing the digestion New Butter-milk out of the Churn is the best Julep for a hot thirsty stomach and for feavourish lean dry and costive Bodies but if it be stale and sour it is not then so friendly and grateful to the stomach Cheese is the worst product of
be eaten by the weaker and tender stomachs without hurt being of a good kind and in their prime The old white Pease are hard in digestion and windy but if they be of a good sort that will boil soft and mealy are then very acceptable to many and not hurtful moderately eaten they are a strong food and very good for strong stomachs SECT XI Of Roots Herbs and Flowers for food Their Qualities and right use CArrots yield a moist cooling and temperate nourishment light of digestion and are very wholesom Turneps are hot and moist affording much nourishment and easily concocted being of a good kind sweet and not strong in tast are then agreeable with most stomachs soluble to the belly and wholesom food Parsneps are temperate in heat and not so moist as the Turnep or Carrot but give a good strong nourishment to the Body and are convenient for all that love them Potato is something like to the Parsnep in qualities but excels it in nourishing and strengthning the body are wholesom and agreeable to all Constitutions Raddish is hot and moist excites the appetite but affords little nutriment and is difficult in digestion not to be commended except to such as are troubled with gravel in the Kidneys it is something diuretick and cleansing those parts Sparagus being pleasant in the mouth and light of digestion is accounted a dainty Dish and reputed a cleanser of the Reins and wholesom but since it makes the urine of those that eat it to have a strong savour I much suspect its goodness and have reason to believe this ill scent to arise from a corrupt transmutation of the Sparagus and not a pre-existing matter sent forth to advantage Artechocks are temperately hot and dry very nourishing and not unwholesom for the weaker sort being soon digested and become restaurative Cabbage and Colewort are temperate loosening something windy and not easy of digestion but those who are lovers of them and have good stomachs finding no trouble in digestion nor belching afterwards may eat thereof and please themselves but tender stomachs had better forbear Coleflower although it hath some affinity with the Cabbage yet it is more wholesom pleasanter in tast lighter of digestion more nutritive and no way hurting the body Spinage is cold and moist and may be eaten in sallad boiled or with broth good for hot costive bodies but not convenient for cold phlegmatick and waterish Constitutions Sage is hot and dry affording no nourishment but gives a relish and very wholsome good for the Head and Nerves and may well be used in the Kitchen when it is proper Lettuce is cold and moist yet not offensive to the stomach nor hurtful to the body it allays the heat and acrimony of cholerick humours and disposeth to sleep such as are too vigilant and have hot dry brains it may profitably be used at convenient times by such bodies as require it in hot seasons of the year and by hot Constitutions Parsley is hot and dry diuretick and opening gives no nourishment but seasons and recommends meat to those that love its tast and is not unwholesom Rosemary is hot and dry and yields no nourishment but is good for the Head and Nerves and all cold Diseases of the Brain and may well be used in the Kitchen when there is occasion Purslane is cold and moist to be eaten in sallad by cholerick stomachs and hot dry Bodies to allay the intemperature of the bloud and better it is if it be pickled than not Burrage and Bugloss are temperately hot and moist cordial and cheering the spirits good for hypochondriack and melancholy persons hurtful to none the custom therefore of putting these into a glass of Wine is very good Sorrell is cold and dry very wholesom for the body and agreeable to the stomach by its pleasant tartness it cools the bloud contemporates choler and allays feavourish heat Sorrel and Lettuce together make a good Sallad Burnet is hot and dry and by its restrictive quality does strengthen the stomach it cheers the heart and drives away melancholy being put into a glass of Wine makes it relish well and increaseth the vertue of the liquor Succory is cooling drying opening and cleansing an excellent Hepatic Herb very good for those that are troubled with obstructions and heat of the Liver to be used in Broths or otherwise in Medicine Spear-Mint is hot and dry in the second degree it is a great strengthner of a weak nauseating stomach or subject to vomiting it is pleasant in smell and tast refreshing the Brain and comforting the Heart invites the appetite and helps digestion correcting the crudities that flat and depress the stomach Clary is hot and dry accounted a strengthner of the back and good to stop spermatick issuing used by some for that purpose to be fryed with Eggs but i never found any considerable effects nor do I recommend it in such Cases Tansy is hot and dry bitter in tast but very acceptable to the stomach and abstersive it is very wholesom in food or physick and therefore that Dish called a Tansie is to be esteemed as a choice dainty but the juice of this Herb is not to be wanting in it Marygold-Flowers are moderately hot and dry they chear the spirits and comfort the Heart are very wholesom and agreeable to all bodies but chiefly beneficial for melancholick and drooping spirits to be used in broth or stewed meats to which they make an addition for goodness Pennyroyall is hot and dry in the third degree it cleanseth and strengthens the stomach expels Wind provokes Urine and a great opener of obstructions it is a strong savory Herb but pleasant and very wholesom especially for cold phlegmatick and crude waterish bodies Violet-leaves are cold and moist good for hot and costive Bodies to cool and loosen the Belly and may be used in Sallad Broth or otherwise Thyme is hot and dry pleasant in smell and tast it helps a weak stomach and gives a good relish to meat or broth which a good Cook knows very well Savory is hot and dry in the third degree of a strong penetrating but fragrant scent and of a biting tast it attenuates opens and discusseth corrects a crude watery stomach gives a good season to meat or pottage as its name imports Marjerome is delightful in smell and tast no less pleasing to the stomach and profitable for a weak head very wholesom for the body and hurtful to none I have now given a short but useful account of the virtues and qualities of the most and chiefest Herbs used in Cookery whereby every one may appoint or make choice of such to be used in dressing their meat as their nature and condition of body does most require and refuse those that although good and wholesom in themselves yet not proper and fit for some persons in such a state of body And although much more might have been said in the medicinal use of some of them yet this is
and commands to the expulsive faculty for their emission All necessary and wholesom Customs are now neglected and disregarded the Soul too oft is wandring and gadding abroad and best when she is roving from home but neglects the airing of her Cottage and perfuming it with fresh aetherean breath The Soul is now always restless and disturbed nor shall the Senses her Attendants take their due repose but keeps an unquiet house at midnight In the second Case The regular and due order of government in the Body is subverted and changed when the Soul in the forementioned passions of Fear Anger Hatred and Revenge is disturbed and alarum'd by the assault approach or appearance of some evil or injury the Soul then summons the spirits together and commands them from their common duties calls them to her aid and assistance for security from danger to repulse the violence offered or revenge the injury hurrying them here and there from one part to another in a tumultuous manner if the assault be suddain and surprizing sometimes inward to support the heart to give courage and resolution which by their suddain concourse and confluence to the Center causeth great palpitations and almost suffocation or else commanding them to the out-works into the external parts to repel the invasion and violence of the evil presenting or approaching or to revenge the quarrel the Hands and Arms then receive a double or treble strength the Muscles being full and distended with agile spirits for their activity and strength in motion The Eyes then are staring full and stretch'd forth with a croud of inflamed spirits darting forth their fury and spending their strength upon the Adversary and Object of their trouble The Tongue then is swelled with spirits and big words that wanting a larger room for vent tumbles out broken and imperfect speeches and scarce can utter whole words The Legs and Feet then have an Auxiliary supply and double portion of spirits conveighed into their Nerves and Sinews to increase their agility and strength to come on or off But in the mean time the Heart perhaps is almost fainting so long being deprived of and deserted by those lively vigorous spirits which did inhabit and quarter there for its Life-Guard protection and support but are now called off their Guard and common duties imployed in Foreign Parts commanded here and there as the emergent occasions present to the Governess of this Microcosm In the third case mentioned the due order government and necessary execution of offices belonging to the welfare and maintenance of the body and preservation of life are neglected and weakly performed When the Soul being darkned and overspread with a cloud of sadness betakes her self to a sullen incurious recumbency and retiredness willing to resign up and cast off the government and tuition of the body and as a burthen which she now delights not to bear about begins to lose her hold who before had embraced and clipt so close suspending the virtue of her energy and vigorous emanations acting faintly and coldly those necessary mutual performances without regard to their former friendship or their future conjunct preservation The Body now begins to sink with its own weight and press towards the Earth the natural place from whence it came That active spirit which before had buoyed it up and took delight to sport it to and fro is now ready to let it fall and grovel downwards to leave it whither it must go The wonted pleasures of their partnership and society are now disgusted and rejected Food now hath lost its relish and is become unsavoury Sleep which before was pleasant as a holy-day in the fruition of rest and ease is now composed of nothing but troublesome unquiet dreams linked together with some sighing intervals to measure out the weary night by Exercise and sporting Recreations are now accounted drudgery and laborious toyling unwilling is the Soul to move her Yoke-fellow farther than the enforcing Law of Nature and necessity commands and urgeth Their joint operations which before were duly and unanimously performed are now ceased abated or depraved by the retraction reluctance and indisposed sadness of the Soul to act the wonted vigorous emanations of the Soul and her radiant influence upon the spirits is now suspended subducted and called back These ministring attending Spirits and nimble Agents which at a beck were always ready agile and active in the execution of her commands now want Commands to stir and Warrants to act by but in a torpid and somnolent indisposition unfit for action and the exquisite performance of their duties and in a sympathizing complyance with the Soul the excitrix and rectrix of their motions they are ready to resign their Offices and give over working that what they now do is faintly and remisly performed with much deficiency and depravation When the Soul is pleased and merry the spirits dance and are chearful at their work but when she droops and mourns the spirits are dull heavy and tired the Functions but weakly and insufficiently executed From the preceding Discourse may easily be collected that the Distempers and Alienations of the Soul from her genuine state of serenety and quietude is of great disadvantage to Health for as much as the necessary Functions of the Body from hence are disordered and insufficiently performed these perturbations also impressing upon the Body various preternatural effects forming the Ideas and Characters of Diseases upon the spirits which are by them communicated implanted and propagated in the body likewise the morbifick Seeds and secret Characters of Diseases which lay dead and inactive are by the oeconomical disturbance and perturbation of mind awakened moved and stirred up to hostility and action which otherwise would have layen dormant as by grief fear anger hysterical passions swoonings epilepsies c. are often procured and it is evident and commonly observed by infirm and diseased people how passion aggravates and heightens their distempers and according to the temper of their mind will their bodily infirmities be aggravated or abated I shall draw up this Discourse into three Corollaries being the Epitome of what hath been asserted and aimed at 1. There is no perturbation or passion of mind whether little or great but it works a real effect in the Body more or less according to the nature and strength of the passion and by how much the more sudden great often and of longer duration the passion is by so much are the impressions and effects worse more durable and indeleble You cannot be angry or envious or melancholy or give way to any such passion but you cherish and feed an Enemy that preys upon your life and you may be assured that passion makes as great nay greater alteration within the body than the change of your countenance appears to outward view which is not a little although but a shadow or reflexion of the inward distemper and disorder And were it possible by any perspective to see the alteration and discomposure
the extremity and strength of passion debilitate and suppress Reason the chief contriver and manager of your design puts you upon inconsiderate immature and rash attempts and makes you more unfit incapable and unable to effect your purpose for Passion is always spurring but Reason hath its stops and pauses keeps due times for onsets and progress Thirdly That prudent and vigorous action not inane hungry volition or thirsty desire though ever so great can acquire the satisfaction of your hopes Fourthly That the ardency and heighth of desire will not imbetter sweeten or add to the heighth of your enjoyment but rather abate and lessen it in your account and esteem for what thing soever you purchase and are mistaken and deceived in you will not value at that rate you first prized it but at the worth you now find it Vehement and lofty desires screws you up to such a heighth of expectation mountain high but you must descend into fruition that 's low as the valley and when you find your self in a bottom and your Sails not so filled and puft out as formerly by the fresh gails and blasts of a strong desire your top sails then begin to flap and flag when you come in to the still calm of fruition and your lofty spirits and high thoughts will lowre amain when you Anchor in the Harbour of Enjoyment for in appearance it was great when at a distance and seemingly but now you are come nearer it is much less and inconsiderable really and what swelled you full in the prosecution of attaining will not fill you now with satisfaction but prove aery when you grasp it and soon emptied in enjoyment Non ea jam mens res habenti quae desideranti erat Fifthly That statutum est it is appointed you must or you must not obtain the thing desired which to a rational creature is sufficient without other Arguments to qualifie moderate and blunt the keen edge of desire and curb the violence of an impetuous affection but not to cowardise daunt or stop a laudable active prosecution to attain a noble vertuous and lawful end with a moderate submssiive desire Quisquis in primo obstitit Repulitque amorem tutus ac victor fuit Sen. Melancholly Grief and Despair These Passions being near allied we may rank them together as the Companions and Attendants upon adversity and misfortunes whose properties are to rob and steal away from the Soul that vivacious enlivening power which roborates and quickens all the faculties in the Body When these Passions are predominant the energy of the Soul is abated and all the functions insufficiently weakly and depravedly performed A dark Cloud of Melancholy over-spreading the Soul suffocates and choaks the Spirits retards their motion and agility darkens their purity and light these instruments in each faculty being thus disabled their offices in every part of the body are faintly executed whereby the whole body decays and languisheth witness the common symptoms of a dejected sad condition a pale thin face heavy dead eyes a slow weak pulse loss of appetite weakness faintness restlesness a weight or compression about the region of the heart with continual sighing or palpitation these are the effects wrought in the Body by Melancholy and Grief which are to be avoided as great decayers of Nature Enemies to Beauty Health and Strength Hope and Joy But these are the recreations of the Soul and are as sanative and wholesom as exercise is for the Body for the Soul plays and danceth in hope and joy Embrace therefore and cherish these as the supports of your life which raise the Soul to the highest pitch and extend her energy to the utmost These enlivening affections of the mind are the greatest friends to and preservatives of Health and strength for in this serene state of gladness all the faculties and endowments of soul are advanced and invigorated both rational sensitive and natural which implies a vigorous performance in all the members of the Body and therefore contribute mainly to the keeping or acquiring of Health and consequently the prolongation of life Content and joy prolong youth and preserve beauty make the countenance fresh the Body plump and fat for pleasantness and delight of the soul put all the spirits upon activity quicken their operations and duty in all the functions conveigh nutriment to repair and replenish the utmost borders and confines of the microcosm therefore dum fata sinunt vivite laeti FINIS Advertisement PAins afflicting humane Bodies their various difference Causes Parts affected Signals of danger or safety Shewing their tendency to Inflammations Tumors Apostems Vlcers Cancers Gangrenes and Mortifications for a seasonable prevention of such fatal Events With a Tract of Fontinels or Issues and Setons By E. Maynwaringe Doctor in Physick Printed for Henry Bonwick in St. Pauls Church Yard Bookseller Morbus Polyrhizos Polymorphaeus A Treatise of the Scurvey Examining the different Opinions and Practice of the most solid and grave Writers concerning the nature and Cure of this Disease With instructions for prevention and Cure thereof By the same Author The fourth Edition Tabidorum Narratio A Treatise of Consumptions Scorbutick Atrophies Tabes Anglica Hectick Feavers Phthises Spermatick and Venereous wastings radically demonstrating their nature and Cures from vital and morbifick Causes By the same Author The Mystery of the Venereal Lues Gonorrhaea's c. disclosed comparing the dissenting judgments of most eminent Physicians hereupon and the various methods of Cure practised in Foreign Countries Resolving the doubts and fears of such as are surprized with this secret perplexing Malady By the same Author desperati ne desperent assiduè tentando deploratos saepè curando certiùs tutiusque sanamus Medicus Absolutus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Compleat Physician qualified and dignified the rise and progress of Physick Historically Chronologically and Philosophically illustrated Physicians of different Sects and Judgments distinguished the abuse of Medicines imposture of Empericks detected c. By the same Author Praxis Medicorum antiqua nova The Ancient and Modern Practice of Physick examined stated and compared the Preparation and Custody of Medicines as it was the primitive custom with the Princes and great Patrons of Physick asserted and proved to be the proper charge and grand duty of every Physician successively c. By the same Author
trepidation of Members Thus you see the inconveniences and mischief that follows intemperate drinking but to promote this irregularity and great folly the rare Invention of Healths contributes not a little to the pouring down of strong liquor and makes them so earnest in remembring the health of others that they quite forget their own and are then very active to destroy it quite forgetting that drinking of Healths and healthful drinking are two things and inconsistent But drinking together is the signal of Friendship and to be made Drunk is the Character and Memento of a generous and hearty entertainment for most commonly drinking concludes the Feast when nature hath been tempted with varieties and perhaps over-charged therewith to add yet more weight the next folly is to fall upon drinking to inebriate and disturb the spirits to vitiate the fermentation and precipitate the meat out of the stomach before digestion be finished by a Floud of liquor that if you have escaped a surfeit of eating you shall not go away without a mischief by Drinking and thus your good Dinner is spoil'd and instead of being bettered by it you are the worse and your Friends kindness proves your prejudice Thus to the necessary uses of Drink appointed by nature we have invented other designments and made Drink to serve for pleasure profit wantonness and debauchery so that Drink which should help to support nourish and maintain the strength and vigour of nature is made an unhappy instrument to abuse and injure the Body by perverting and disordering the regular oeconomy thereof But instead of satisfying thirst and refreshing of nature some pour in a flood of liquor to drown the faculties and extinguish vitality and many their are that account it a pleasure to sop their souls in drink and some have drowned themselves by such intemperance The Cattle drink to satisfie thirst and then leave of drinking some men indeed do not drink like beasts but make themselves Beasts by drinking for being thereby deprived of their reason they act like to Brutes But of Drinking and Drunkenness we have reckoned up the evils we will not be so partial to smother the benefits but take all with you Drinking advanceth the revenue of excise and custom It makes Barly to bear a good price and helps the Farmer to pay his rent It keeps the Physician and Apothecary in employment and doubtless it adds considerably to their business Lastly It maintains a tap trade and too many live well by it Now whether Drinking ought to be promoted to forward these advantages and answer such ends with the destruction of Health abbreviation of Life and debauching the People I leave you to judge Drink for necessity not for bad fellowship especially soon after meat which hinders the due fermentation of the stomach and washeth down before digestion be finished but after the first concoction if you have a hot stomach a dry or costive body you may drink more freely than others or if thirst importunes you at any time to satisfie with a moderate draught is not amiss SECT XIV Exercise and Rest regulated and appointed promoting sanity and vivacity THat Exercise and due Motion seasonably used contributes to the preservation of Health and prolongation of Life will appear if we consider the great benefits that are procured by it First In general exercise raiseth the spirits and puts them upon vigorous action in all the Faculties Secondly It empties the stomach and promotes the appetite for the next meal the remainders after digestion that accumulate to clog the stomach are moved by Exercise and excited to pass away and being thus discharged of those relicts the appetite grows sharp and craves food very strongly Thirdly Exercise provokes expulsion of Excrements and suffers not any superfluous matter to lodge in the body For by the turgid motion of the spirits the common ductures and conveyances are dilated and expanded which together with the agitation of the body gives a ready and free passage to any feculent or excremental matter that ought not long to be retained Fourthly Exercise opens the Pores and gives a free transpiration which otherwise by too much rest are occluded and shut up contrary to the intention of Nature having appointed these vents and secret ways of evacuation to ventilate and cleanse the habit of the body which in a short time would be very foul and impure by congestion of superfluous humours if not purified and transpired by these exhaling Ports Fifthly Exercise promotes and adds much towards the nutrition of the body For this we find generally that active stirring people are more fresh in countenance more vegete and lively in spirit more firm and solid in flesh and stronger in their limbs than other persons that live a sedentary idle and sluggish life And that it should be so there is good reason in as much as exercise gives a free passage for nutriment to arrive at every member and part of the body and also excites the Archeus or ruling principle in each for a more vigorous assimilation and likewise does expedite and send away the superfluities of every digestion all which promotes and sets forward a good nutrition Exercises are various and commonly chosen as each person phansies or the Company invites as Dancing Running Ringing Tennis Hand-Ball Foot-Ball Riding Fencing Bowling with many others some whereof are purely pastime as those named others are necessary labours as Digging Sawing and such like Exercise is to be chosen such as sutes best with the Nature of each persons body Some require exercising of upper parts most others of the lower parts and some equally both those Exercises which generally are advantagious in using and stretching all the parts and which I prefer before others are Tennis Hand-Ball Fencing and Ringing Yet I would not impose upon any contrary to their inclination for in these cases that which is most delightful will probably prove most beneficial Observations and Cautions to be remembred in exercising are such as these 1. Exercise daily in the Morning chiefly with an empty stomach always and after excremental evacuation if you can procure it 2. Vary exercise according to the condition of your body and season of the year the stronger phlegmatick bodies and in cold Weather admit of stronger and swifter motions Cholerick hot bodies weak and the Summer season more mild and gentle 3. Be not violent in exercise nor continue it longer beyond a pleasure but desist with refreshment not a lassitude and weariness 4. Put on some loose garment until your body be cool and setled in its natural heat and temper the Pores being opened by exercise the cold is more apt to enter from whence a greater prejudice than you could expect benefit from your labour or pastime 5. Walk gently after Exercise and settle by degrees no sudden changes are suteable or profitable to Nature 6. Eat not until you be fully reduced to that temper and moderate heat as when you began and when the spirits