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A71316 The tragedies, gathered by Ihon Bochas, of all such princes as fell from theyr estates throughe the mutability of fortune since the creacion of Adam, vntil his time wherin may be seen what vices bring menne to destruccion, wyth notable warninges howe the like may be auoyded. Translated into Englysh by Iohn Lidgate, monke of Burye.; De casibus virorum illustrium. English Boccaccio, Giovanni, 1313-1375.; Lydgate, John, 1370?-1451? 1554 (1554) STC 3178; ESTC S107087 521,168 424

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should go to the Prophete Whiche was full famous holde in Israell Of whom the name was called Samuel Whiche made Saule in his house to dyne Receiued him of great affection And by precept and ordinaunce deuyne Samuell made no prolongation But shed the holy sacred vnction Vpon the head of Saule downe knelyng And full deuoutly of Israell made him kyng Of Gods people to haue gouernaunce With sceptre crowne and whole the regaly And his noblesse more myghty to aduaunce With mekenes to rule his monarchy God gaue to him a spirite of prophety Whiche was great glory to his magnificence Of future thinges to haue prescience And while y t he was meke humble in dede Voyde of pryde and false presumption And prudent counsayle with him did lede Hym to gouerne by good discretion He founde quiete through all his region No forayne enmy durst him to werrey While he the lorde mekely did obey No enemy myght ayen him recure Through none ēprises but sore did him drede Made many great disconfiture Through his force knyghthode and māhead On Philistynes and daunted eke in dede Two mighty kynges the one of Ammonites And another that gouerned the Moabites He was founde stronge and eke victorious The Palestines bringyng to mischaunce Agaynst Ydumeans so mighty and famous Through his myghty prudent gouernaunce That he their pride brought to mischaunce Outrayed them of wisdome and manheade Primo regum as ye may playnly reade He was the sonne called of one yere In Israell whan his raygne began Stable of hart and benygne of chere Frowarde nor sturdy to no maner man All that whyle loue of the people he wan The tyme I mene while he was iust stable And in his workes not founde variable But whā that pride gan his hart enhaūce Wilfulnes and false melancoly Outrayed reason to haue the gouernaunce Of his olde famous policy And had forgotten in his fantasy To know the lorde mekely sue his lawe God from his crowne his grace gan wdrawe The vnkynde worme of foryetfulnes In his hart had myned through the wall Whan to God for his kyndenes He gaue no laude nor no thanke at all Whiche had him raysed vnto estate royall From poredegre among all his kynne alone Of singuler fauour to set him in his trone What thig in hart may be more froward thought Than is sodayne false presumption Of a wretche that came vp of nought To yeue him lordshyp and domination ▪ And for to make a playne comparison Men should of reason dreade a lyon lasse Than the rudenes of a crowned asse What thing to god is more abhominable Than pryde vpraysed out of pouertee And nothing gladly is foūd more vengeable Than are wretches set in high degre For from his stocke kynd may not flye Eche thing resorteth howe farre euer it go To the nature whiche that it came fro Frute and apples take their tarrage Where they first grewe of the same tre And semblably eche kynred and lynage Ones a yere it will none other be By token signe at the eye as men may se Draweth communely in euery creature Sume tetche to folow after his nature I write not this in rebuke of pouert But for suche onely as that it deserue God of his might as men be well expert May them in vertue encrease and conserue From all mischefe a pore man preserue Rayse hem on heygh to dominacions Through high noblesse of their condicions By influence God may his grace shede Where he findeth cause onely by mekenes A pore man to raise him vp in dede Vnto the estate of vertuous nobles For out of vertue cometh all gentlenes In pore and ryche make none exception But them cōmende like their condicion A pore man whiche that is vertuous And dreadeth god in his pouertie Eche thing eschuyng that is vycious And to his power doth trouth and equitie I dare right well say what euer that he be Puttyng no rebuke vnto his kinrede But call him gentle verily in dede But kyng Saule was contrarious Disobeysaunte founde in his workyng Whan God made him to be vyctorious On Amalech where Agag was kyng Him commaunded to spare no maner thing Man nor woman beast nor childe succoure But y ● his sworde should all thing deuoure But Saule wrought all in other wise Eche thing reseruyng y ● was fayre to syght And of entent to make a sacrifice After his vyctory he shope him anone ryght Fattest beastes he chase hath them dight Toward the fyre to make his offryng And fro death he spared Agag the kyng He was reproued afterward of Samuell To gods biddyng for he was contrayre As abiect to raygne in Israell That all good hope in hym gan dispayre His grace his myght gan pale and appayre His prophecy after hath hym fayled And wyth a fiende he was also traueiled Thus frō her whele fortune cast him downe Aualed him from his royall se And God also toke away the crowne Both from him and his posteritie And set vp Dauid for his humilitie Lo how the lorde his domes can deuide To enhaunce mekenes and to abate pride Saule endured in his frensy A wicked sprite so sore him did assayle Vnto Dauid euer he had enuy That he was hardy to enter in battayle With a staffe slynge voyde of plate and mayle Slough Golyas without feare or dreade Pulled out his swerde and smot of his heade At their repayryng home out of the felde Whan Dauid had slayne this Goly Yonge maydens whan they behelde The great vyctory they in their armony In laude of Dauid thus gan synge and cry Saule hath slayne a thousād with his might Dauid ten thousand that lusty yong knyght Saule disdayned and sayd frowardly They graunted haue a thousand to my name And to the sonne here of Isai Yaue ten thousand to encrease his fame Whiche is to me a rebuke and a shame ▪ Wherupon this Saule frete with yre Of yonge Dauid gan the death conspyre In hys hert he had a fantasy Of their syngyng whan that he toke hede Dempt it was a maner prophesy That Dauid preferred should be in dede And to the crowne after him succede Thought his childer as he gan diuyne Should be depriued of the royall lyne Thus day by day Saule wayes sought To slea Dauid playnly if he myght All be it so that he no malyce thought But euer kept him lowly in his syght Therfore good euer grace on him alyght For aye the lorde of his magnificence Agayne tyrantes preserueth innocentes And as the bible playnely dothe vs lere This Dauid had in his tender age For his nobles the kynges daughters dere Called Mychol ioyned by mariage And whan that Saule fyli in any rage Dauid anone to aswage his wodenes Touched his harp brought him in gladnes Saule full oft gan Dauid to enchase And warrey throughout all his londes Through desertes him pursue manace Of entent to haue shet hym vp in bondes Or to slea him if he come
in his hondes But finally god through his ordinaunce Preserued his knyght frō al maner mischāce Saule full oft was brought to mischefe Yet aye from death Dauid did him saue And hereof this was a speciall prefe Whan Dauid cut his garment in the caue And mo tokens if ye list to haue Another time Dauid also kept The life of Saule whan he lay and slept The case was this as they were hosteyng Not farre a sunder Saule lay on slepe All his people about him sleapyng And vnpurueyed lyke a stocke of shepe Of whiche thyng Dauid toke good kepe Downe descended and made no delay Came to the tent where kyng Saule lay The spete of Saule standynge at his heed Dauid toke it and went his was anone Of his cōmyng there was no man toke hede For Saule slept and his men echone And whan that he vp to the hyll was gone Toward Saule agayne he cast his loke Made a noyse that all his knyghtes woke Fyrst to Abner prynce of his chyualry Dauid sayd these wordes in sentence ▪ Abner quod he thou hast done great foly This day shewed a great negligence To suffer of Saule the magnificence In peryll stande and none hede take About his person to make his knights wa●● Thou art to blame for thy retchelesue●●e To leaue the king stande in so great a drede In slepe to haue more sauour and swetenesse Than of his lyfe to take hede Such negligence requireth for his mede Death and turment by rightfull iudgement About a prynce whan folke be negligent And thou lyst to se an euidence How that hys lyfe stode in ieopardy Se here his spere yeue thereto credence How vnprouided ye were on your party Saule nor thou ye may it not denye Your life your deth your power your puissāce This day god put whole in my gouernaunce But me to acquite of pure innocence As euery man should vnto his kyng And to declare in me was none offence Agaynst his nobles in will nor in workyng As God wot that knoweth euery thyng That I neuer by no conspiracy Wrought nor compassed agayne his regaly LO here example of perfite pacience Agayne malyce to shewe kyndenes Where Sauie shewed his mortall vyolence Dauid acquite hym w t suffraunce goodnes The tyrāt vainquished bi his prudēt mekenes Men agayne trouth may well a warregyn But at th ende the palme he doth aye wynne For of this story if that ye take hede Saule is fall for hys frowardnes Into mischefe and into sodayne drede For Philistynes the byble beareth witnes With a great power gan thiderwards dresse Vpon kyng Saule auenged for to be Their tentes pight besyde Gelboe Wherof kyng Saule astonied in his hert Had lost his spryte of knyghtly hardines And specially whan he dyd aduert Prophete was none his harmes to redresse Of future thinges trouth to expresse In Israell whiche cast hym in great drede Because that tyme Samuel was deed For Saule had cast out all diuynes From Israell and eche diuineresse Notwithstandyng the palestynes Were risse agayne his power to oppresse And he ne knewe no maner sorceresse Of whom he might any counsayle take And he of god that time was forsake In this wise he stode disconsolate Coūsayle of God nor prophete knewe he none But as a man most infortunate Vngraciously he sped him forth anone And secretelye this Saule is forth gone To a woman that should him rede and wisse In Israell called a phytonesse Whiche is a name as clarkes writen all And office who that taketh hede Soules of men agayne to clepe and call I mene suche that tofore were deade Whiche is a thing straunge for to reade That women should who so list to lere Make soules of dead men to appere Vnkouth and straunge is their opinion And to my witte a maner impossible Not accordyng me semeth to reason Nor like a thing whiche that is credible That a soule of nature inuisible Myght appeare or shewe visibly Vnto the eyen which that ben bodely But or that I any further flyt Lest I were holde to presumptuous To diuines this matter I commit And wise clarkes that ben vertuous In their wittes subtyll and curious To conclude as it dothe them seme In this matter a trouth for to deme Whether it was the soule of Samuell Or other spirite that she did call Whiche that tolde the kyng of Israell Of the battayle that shoulde after fall His aduenture and his mischefes all And of his death he tolde also in dede And how Dauid should after him succede Because onely of his disobeysaunce As it is written and for his retchlesnes On Amalech for he toke not vengeaunce Thus the spirite bare to him wytnes Wherof Saule fyll in great heauines Knowing no mene to escape out of this dout But take his fortune as it cometh about Tolde him also his enemies were so wrothe The Philistines beside Gelboe In that battayle he and his children bothe Shoulde dye that daye of necessitie His chyualry shall discomfited be Of his raygne there is no lenger date For god from him his kingdom wil translate And thus Saule returned is agayne His meyny after brought to disconfiture And whan he sawe all hys people slayne ▪ And how there was no meane to recure In that deadly wofull aduenture He bad his squier take his swerde as blyue And through the hart that he shold him ryue That his enemies which were vncircumcised Should haue no power in story it is founde To haue vpon him as they haue deuised To yeue hym hys last fatall wounde His high noblesse at mischefe to confounde But his squyre for feare of god and drede Woulde not assent to do so foule a dede To slea his lorde he greatly was aferde A thing hatefull in euery mannes syght But Saule toke the pomell of his swerde And in the grounde full depe anone it pyght And in all haste possible that he myght Made the poynt in his furious payne To perce his hart and part it euen in twayne The Philistynes anone as he was dead Spoyled hym of his royall armure Dismembred him and smote of his heade And in token of their disconfiture Toke the spoyles wyth all their busy cure And therof made in all their best entent To Astaroth of pryde a great present Thus was Saule slayne in sentence Of Philistynes vpon Gelboe Forsake of God for inobedience Abiect also from his royall see And thus for lackynge of humilitye Of god he was foreuer set asyde Lo here the ende of surquedy and pryde ¶ Lenuoy HAue mind of Saule which to estate ryal Frō low degre was called for mekenes But presūption made hym haue a fall Of God abiect for his frowardnes Lost his ●rowne the bible beareth wytnes And cause was for his disobeysaunce To gods biddyng he yaue none attendaunce God not asketh no more of man at all But whole hart without doublenes For all the gyftes whiche in especiall He yaue to man of his goodnes But he chastiseth