Selected quad for the lemma: spirit_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
spirit_n	abandon_v	dissolve_v	obscure_a	20	3	10.3610	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A47654	An appendix to a course of chymistry being additional remarks to the former operations : together with the process of the volatile sale of tartar and some other useful preparations / writ in French by Monsieur Nicholas Lemery ; translated by Walter Harris ...; Cours de chymie. English	Lémery, Nicolas, 1645-1715.; Harris, Walter, 1647-1732.	1680 (1680)	Wing L1037A; ESTC R8860	81,510	170

as well by reason of the different nature of the salts it is compounded of as the Oyly earth that holds them together but it will dissolve in distilled Vinegar and several other Acid liquors and then an Effervescency rises because the Acid does penetrate the salt of Tartar whose parts sea-salt had no power to separate Add to pag. 169. lin 30. Remarks upon Spirit of Salt Since I writ of Monsieur Seignett's particular way of drawing spirit of salt some have Printed that if common salt well decrepitated and kept a good while over the fire were exposed to the Air for some daies and distilled without addition of any thing to it it would yield a spirit much like that I have spoken of and in full as great a quantity But if we examine the sharp liquor which is drawn this way we shall find it of so weak a nature that it may more reasonably be called Phlegm than spirit and the salt remains entire in the Retort whereas M. Seignett's spirit of salt is full as strong as common spirit of salt has the very same qualities nay I conceive it somewhat better as not having so great an Impression from fire as the other Again some say it does not deserve the name of spirit of sea-salt nor ought this Preparation to be look'd upon as any great mystery because the same incorporation and augmentation happens to divers other salts exposed to the Air after drawing off their spirit I grant this augmentation proceeds from the spirit of the air and I conceive it is the same spirit which produces all manner of things according to the Matrixes or different pores of the earth it uses to meet with as I have explicated in my Remarks upon the Principles But because this spirit of the air has met with Pores in our matter ready disposed to make a salt much like unto common salt and a spirit is drawn from it much like unto that which is drawn from common salt I see no reason to doubt why this spirit should not be a true spirit of salt all the difference is this the salt I now speak of is not so throughly united to its earthy part as common salt is and therefore its spirits do separate with more ease for they are drawn without Addition of any thing else and with a gentle fire whereas those of common salt are so fixt that they can't be driven out without mixing a great deal of earth in order to separate all its parts and without a very great fire As for the Augmentation which happens to many other bodies exposed to the Air after their spirits are drawn off I don't question the matter of fact nor that these same substances do return into what they were before by impregnating again with spirits of the Air in considerable time but it is rarely found that any of them do yield as strong spirits and as easily as our salt and herein lies the mystery Add to pag. 170. lin 12. in the same Remarks Some have written that the Precipitation which is made by spirit of salt of any matter held up by Aqua fortis must not be imputed to the gravity nor force of spirit of salt nor to any conflict or jogg that this spirit gives to Aqua fortis or the matters dissolved but rather to the conjunction of the Acidity of this spirit with the Volatile and Sulphureous Alkali of Aqua fortis or spirit of Niter which Acid hereby forces this last to abandon the metal it had dissolved But this is the same as to explicate an obscure matter by another more obscure for what likelihood is there that the Volatile spirit of Aqua fortis is an alkali and how comes it to continue in so great a motion with the fixt Acid spirit of this water without being destroyed this can't easily be understood Again suppose this spirit were an alkali we must come to explicate mechanically by what reason this Alkali does leave the body of the metal to betake it self unto the spirit of salt for to say simply that by the conjunction of these two spirits the Aqua fortis is compelled to abandon the metal it held dissolved does give no light at all to the question unless we had power enough to bestow intelligence upon these spirits wherefore we must needs at last have recourse to joggs and conflicts Add to pag. 171. lin 16. Chap. 15. Of Niter or Salt-peter The great and violent flame which happens as soon as Salt-peter is flung upon the Coals and the red vapours which it uses to yield when reduced into a spirit have induced the Chymists generally to believe that this salt is inflammable and consequently full loaded with Sulphur because sulphur is the only Principle that flames but if they had suspended their judgments herein until they had got more experience on this Subject they would not only have known that Salt-peter is not at all Inflammable by nature but they would e'en have doubted whether or no any sulphur does enter into the natural composition of this salt for if Salt-peter were Inflammable of it self like sulphur it would burn in places where there is no sulphur for example in a Crucible heated red hot in the fire but it will never flame therein use what quantity of it you please and let the fire be never so great It is true indeed if you throw Salt-peter upon kindled coals it makes a great flame but this is only through the Sulphureous Fuliginosities of the coals which are violently raised and rarified by the Volatile nature of Niter as I shall prove in the Operation upon fixt Niter As for any sulphur that is thought to be contained in Salt-peter it can't be demonstrated by any Operation whatever for the red vapours that come from it are no more Inflammable than the Niter when they are not mixt with some Sulphureous matter and it is far more probable that this salt contains no Sulphur if we consider its cleanness transparency acidity and cooling quality which have no manner of affinity with the effects of Sulphur which are commonly to make a body opace to joyn with its acidity and to heat it Add to pag. 177. l. 26. Remarks upon Sal Polychrestum Sal Polychrestum must by no means be used until it is made very white and very pure for when there remains any gross portion of Sulphur Vertigoes are to be feared and stupefaction of the Nerves and nauseonsness of the stomach If you used sixteen ounces of purified Salt-peter and so much sulphur in this Operation you 'l have at last but three ounces and a half of Sal Polychrestum very fine but if you use common Salt-peter instead of purified you 'l have five ounces of Polychrestum as white as the other This difference of weight proceeds from common Salt-peters containing more fixt salt than purified salt-peter Sal Polychrestum may be Crystallized like salt-peter and other salts Its Crystals are very small and much like those

black This Colour proceeds from sulphureous Fuliginosities which rise more from this Vitriol than the other because it partakes of Copper for this Sooty vapour finding no vent to get out at falls down again upon the matter and blackens it There 's one thing happens about the Oyl of Vitriol when 't is very strong which is very strange indeed it is that if you mix it with its Acid Spirit or with water or else with an Ethereal Oyl such as the Oyl of Turpentine this mixture grows hot to that degree that sometimes it breaks the Viol 't was put into and often it produces a considerable Ebullition I should quickly give account of this heat and Ebullition if I would suppose an Alkali in the Oyl of Vitriol as those do who pretend to explicate every thing that happens by the notions of Acid and Alkali but not comprehending how an Alkali should be able to remain so long a time with so strong an Acid as is the Oyl of Vitriol without being destroyed I had rather give a reason that seems to me abundance more probable I conveive therefore that if water or Spirit of Vitriol or the Ethereal Oyl of Turpentine do heat the Oyl of Vitriol it is by setting in motion a great many fiery particles which the Oyl of Vitriol had drawn with it in the Distillation for these little fiery bodies being environ'd with salts that are exceeding heavy and hard to Rarifie they drive about vehemently whatsoever stands in their way and when they have caused an Ebullition and find they can't get out a-top of the Viol they break it to pieces with the bussle they make at bottom and on the sides Perhaps it will-be said I do here suppose gratis that the Oyl of Vitriol does contain fiery particles but if we consider the great violence of fire and the time that is spent in drawing this Acid 't will be no such hard matter to grant me this supposition Besides it will be hard to explicate the great and burning Corrosion of Oyl of Vitriol without admitting these fiery parts for the Vitriol contains nothing in it self of this Caustick nature 't is true indeed that it contains Phlegm Sulphur and Earth but it is a thing impossible but this Acid should discover it self more than it does if it were as Corrosive in the Vitriol as it is in the Oyl Once it hapned to me that putting into my Furnace a Retort whose two thirds were filled with German Vitriol dried in order to draw off its Spirits I Distilled first of all the Phlegm and sulphureous spirit which I took out of the Receiver I then fitted it again to the Retort and by a great fire continued for three dayes and three nights I distilled off the Acid Spirit as we are used to do When the Vessels were grown cold I admired to find in my Receiver nothing but a Mass of Salt or Congeal'd Oyl of Vitriol This Salt was so exceeding Caustick and burning that if I offer'd to touch the smallest part of it with my finger I presently felt an insufferable scalding and was fain to put my hand immediately into water it continued to fume still and when a little of it was thrown into water it made the same hissing noise as a fire-coal put into water would do Besides it heated the water very much and much more than common Oyl of Vitriol could If you fill a Glass Viol with the Decoction of Nephritick Wood clarified and observe it turning toward the Light it will appear Yellow but if you turn your back to the Light it will appear Blew if you mix with it some dregs of Spirit of Vitriol it will appear Yellow on every side but if you again and about as much more Oyl of Tartar it will return unto its first colour If you take a Blew or Violet tincture made in water such as is drawn out of the Sun-Flower or Violet Flowers and pour upon it some drops of Spirit of Vitriol it will presently turn Red but if you throw into it some Alkali salt it will recover again its former colour On the contrary if you pour an Alkali liquor such as Volatile Spirit of Sal Armoniack upon the Blew tincture it will presently turn Green and if you again pour upon it a little Spirit of Vitriol it will change this colour into an obscure Red. The Decoction of Indian Wood is very Red if you drop into it a little Spirit of Vitriol it will turn Yellow and if you still add some Volatile Spirit of Sal Armoniack it will become black All these changes of colour which the Spirit of Vitriol or other Acids and Alkali's do make proceed only from the different position of bodies dissolved in the liquor and from its disposition to modifie the Light different wayes Add to pag. 208. Remarks upon Distillation of Alom Some have written that Alom yields but very little Acid yet if they 'l but take the pains to keep up a strong fire under it for three dayes together they 'l find that this Spirit does not give place in strength or quantity to that of Vitriol Nor are we at all obliged to distinguish as they would have us the Acrimonious Corrosive salt of Alom from its Acid seeing that there is nothing either Acrimonious or Corrosive in this Mineral salt which will not turn into an Acid Spirit when it is driven forcibly by fire Add to pag. 211. Remarks upon Flowers of Sulphur If you mix one part of Sal Polychrestum with two pounds of Sulphur and sublime them together as those I have described you 'l have white Flowers of Sulphur which are thought to be better for distempers of the Breast than those others they are given in the same Dose This Whiteness proceeds from a very exact Attenuation which Sal Polychrestum gives to the Sulphur the Sal Polychrestum which remains at bottom of the Cucurbite may be Calcined and if you afterwards Purifie it by Dissolution Evaporation and Filtration it will be full as good as before Add to pag. 216. Chap. Of Amber Amber is to be found near the Baltick-sea in the Dutchy of Prussia and no where else Some do think Petroleum or Oyl of Peter to be nothing but a liquor drawn from Amber by the means of subterranean fires which make a distillation of it and that Jet and Coals are the remainders of this distillation This Opinion would have some resemblance of truth if the places where this Oyl is found were not so far distant the one from the other for Petroleum is usually found only in Italy as in Sicily and in Provence this Oyl Distills through the clefts of rocks and it is very probable to be the Oyl of some Bituminous matter which the subterranean fires had raised Tincture of Amber Powder finely five or six ounces of Yellow Amber and put it into a Boult head pour upon it spirit of wine four singers height stop this Boult-head with another to make a Circulatory