called in One Hope Professing One Lord Confessing One Faith sealed with One Baptisme Eph. 4. 3. c. And for Brethren to dwel together in Unity is good pleasant and like the precious Oyntment upon the head that ran doun upon Aarons beard Psal. 133. 1 2. A fragrant Oyntment indeed if it be composed aright of Gospel-simples according to Divine art and the Wisdom that is from above which is first pure then peacable and not made up of Adulterate Politicks that Union that hath the Spirit for its Author the Scripture for its Rule Peace for its bond beauty love for its Cement Faith for its foment Christ for its foundation and Truth holiness for its constant Companions cannot but be intensely desired enixely endeavoured and fervently followed by all the Professors of the Gospel of Peace Subjects of the Prince of Peace Which makes Division Schisme not only a great Miserie but a Grand sin But it must be in the way of Truth Duty and consistent with holiness the honour of Christ otherwise if it be in the way of Apostasie defection it is but a Confederacy Conspiracy against the Lord. And true Union can neither be attained nor retained nor recovered except the sinful Cause of Division Defection and the holy overruling Cause the Anger of the Lord be removed in turning to following him II. Thô there be not perfect Union but diversity both of judgements and practices in several Cases there may be Communion with a Church in its Ordinances and Ministrie As 1. We may have a Catholick Communion with all Christian Ministers Members of the Catholick Church considered as such holding the Head Christ and the foundation sure And so we may meet for Worship with all Devout men in every Nation under Heaven whether they be Parthians or Medes or Elamites or French or Dutch c. thô differing in Controversies of lesser moment not overturning that if they hold the Universal Testimony of the Gospel against the Common enemies thereof Iewes Turks or Pagans for there is neither Greek nor Iew if he be a Christian Christ is all and in all Col. 3. 11. But if they be Hereticks we can have no Communion with them 2. We may have a more special Communion with all Protestant Ministers Members of the Reformed Church considered as such more strictly and upon stricter conditions providing they hold not only the Universal of Christians but the General Testimony of Protestants against the Greater lesser Antichrists thô differing from us in some circumstantial points not Reformed and not contradictory unto the Protestant Testimony against Poperie all Heresie nor declining from their oun Reformation by Defection or Schisme And Consequently its Lawful to oune Communion with the Churches of the United Provinces and take Ordination from them thô they have some formes not allowable from which they were never Reformed because they are sound in the Protestant Testimony But with the Sectarians or Schismaticks or Apostates among them we cannot oune that special Communion 3. We may have a more Particular Communion upon yet stricter conditions with all our Covenanted Brethren Ministers Members of the Churches of Britain Ireland considered as such Providing they hold not only the Universal not only the more Special Protestant Testimony against the Greater lesser Antichrists but the Covenanted Testimony for the Reformation in Doctrine Worship Discipline Government against Poperie Prelacy Superstition Heresie Schisme Profanness according to the Covenant Thô differing from us in those Controversial points never Reformed and which were never the Word of Christs patience and do not overturn the Covenanted Testimony But with those that contradict counteract that we cannot oune that particular Communion 4. We may have yet a nearer Organical Communion upon stricter conditions still with all the Ministers Members of the National Church of Scotland constitute confederate under one Reformed Government according to the Rule of Christ providing they hold not only all the former Testimonies under the foresaid considerations but the Presbyterian Testimony as stated in the Ecclesiastical Constitutions and sworn to in the National Covenants Engagements of that Church founded upon the Word of God against Poperie Prelacy Erastianisme Sectarianisme Toleration Schisme Defection thô differing in some things from us never Reformed never considered in Ecclesiastical Judicatories never engaged against in our Covenants never Stated as the Word of patience and Matter of Testimony But with those that oppose suppress reproach and abandon this Testimony we cannot oune this Organical Communion in this broken State of the Church We may have yet a stricter Congregational Communion upon stricter conditions in and with the Ordinary or extraordinary Meetings or Societies of the Lords people for Gospel Ordinances with any Minister or Ministers duely truely admitted to that function according to Christs Appointment and the Call of the people whether in a fixed or unfixed relation provicing he holds the Testimony of Christ under all the former considerations and ounes and adheres unto the true received principles of the Church of Scotland in Doctrine Worship Discipline Government founded upon the written Word of God and whatsoever Declarations or Testimonies former or latter particular or more General are aggreable thereunto thô differing from us in some of the Integral not Essential parts of our Testimony against the Enemies of our Covenanted Reformation But with such as deny or decline from it by Schisme or Defection or Complyance with the enemies thereof we cannot oune this Congregational Communion in this broken State of the Church III. Thô there be many things in a Church to brangle lessen the Comfort of our Communion with it and the Ministrie thereof yet we may keep fellowship with a true Church thô in many things faultie and Corrupt as all Churches are in some measure in this Militant State. As the Church of Corinth had many corruptions in their practice yet no separation is enjoyned from it And the Lord did not require separation from the Churches of Pergaâ—â—â— Thyatira though they had many corruptions deficiencies in Discipline in a Toleration of Hereticks and would lay no other burden upon them but to hold fast what they had as Mr Durham shewes in his Comment on the Revel chap. 2. Lect. 6. Pag. 148 149. as also Chap. 18. Lect. 1. Pag. 585. in 4 to This must be granted especially in these cases 1. In the infant State of the Church when the Reformation is only begun then many things may be tolerated before they be gradually Reformed which in an adult State are not to be suffered 2. In a growing case of the Church advancing out of corruptions then many things may be born with while they are ascending wrestling up the hill which in a Declining State when the Church is going backward must not be yeelded unto See that Objection of hearing Prelatical men in the time of
Kings are to be honoured that are ouned to be Kings really It may be alledged by some that Elisha was an extraordinary man and this was an extraordinary action and therefore not imitable I shall grant it so far extraordinary that it is not Usual to carry so to persons of that figure and that indeed there are few Elisha's now not only for his Prophetick Spirit which now is ceased but even in respect of his Gracious Spirit of zeal which in a great measure is now extinguished He was indeed an extraordinary man and this Action did demonstrate much of the Spirit of Elias to have been abiding with him But that this was unimitable these reasons induce me to deny 1 Prophets were subject to Kings as well as others as Nathan was to David 1 King. 1. 32 33. every soul must be subject to the higher powers that are of God 2 All the Actions of Prophets were not extraordinary nor did they every thing by extraordinary inspiration that was peculiar to Christ that He could Prophecy do extraordinary acts when He pleased because He received the Spirit not by measure and it rested upon Him. 3 this particular Action carriage was before he called for the Minstrel and before the hand of the Lord came upon him vers 15. Ergo this was not by inspiration 4 The ground of this was Moral Ordinary for hereby he only shewed himself to be a person fit to abide in the Lords Tabernacle and an upright walker in whose eyes a vile person is contemned Psal. 15. 4. and a just man to whom the unjust is an abomination Prov. 29. 27. What further can be aledged against this instance I see not And I need draw no Argument by Consequence it is so plain 7. This same Jehoram after many signal demonstrations of the power of God exerted in the Ministry of His Servant Elisha which sometimes did extort his acknowledgment and made him call the Prophet his father 2 King. 6. 21. yet when in the strait siege of Samaria he was plagued with famine for his Idolatry in so much that the pitiful Mothers were made to eat their oun tender Children became so insolent a Tyrant that being incensed into a madness of outragious malice against the Prophet Elisah that he sware God do so to him more also if the head of Elisha the son of Shaphat should stand on him that day accordingly he sent a messenger to execute it But the Prophet from a Principle of Nature Reason Law as well as Grace and by the Spirit of a man as well as of a Prophet stood upon his defence and encouraged those that were with him to keep out the house against him saying See ye how this son of a Murderer a proper style for such a Monster of a King hath sent to take away mine head ... 2 King. 6. 32. This is a strong Argument for self defence but I improve it thus If Tyrants may be opposed as sons of Murderers Murderers themselves and no otherwise to be accounted then under such a vile Character then can they not be ouned as Kings But here is an example for the first Ergo 8. This mans brother in Law of the same name Iehoram the son of Iehoshaphat who had the Daughter of Ahab to wife and therefore walked in the way of the house of Ahab gives us another instance He turned Apostate Tyrant and Abimelech-like or if yow will Yorklike slew his brethren and diverse also of the Princes of Israel Moreover he made high places in the Mountains of Iudah and caused the Inhabitants of Ierusalem to commit â—ornication and compelled Iudah thereto For which Cause of his intollerable insolency in wickedness Libnah one of the Cities of Priests in Iudah Revolted from him 2 King. 8. 22. because he had forsaken the Lord God of his fathers 2 Chron. 21. 10. which was the motive impulsive Cause of their disouning him and is not to be detorted to that restricted Cavil of Royalists understanding it only as the Meritorous or procuring Cause of his punishment loss sustained thereby for it is not so said of the Edomites who revolted at the same time as it is mentioned in another Paragraph Neither of the Philistims Arabians Ethiopians whose spirit the Lord stirred up against him These were also a punishment to him Nor would it found very suitably to be said that they opposed him because he had forsaken the Lord God of his fathers for that would insinuate some influence that his Apostasie had on them as certainly it could not but have on the Lords Priests that dwelt in Libnah who understood by the Law of God what was their duty to do with Intycers or Drawers or Drivers to Idolatry And when they were not in capacity to execute the Judgement of the Lord this was the least they could do to Revolt Here then is an example of a Peoples Revolt from a Prince and disouning Allegiance to him because of Apostasie Tyranny 9. In this Kingdom of Iudah after long experience of a Succession of Hereditary Tyranny in many wicked Kings the people after they had long smarted for their lazie Loyaltie in their stupid abandoning forgetting foregoing this Priviledge of disouning Tyrants and keeping them in order began at length to bestir themselves in their endeavours to recover their lost Liberties and repress Tyrants Insolencies on several occasions Wherein though sometimes there were extravagances when Circumstances did mar the Justice of the Action and some did go beyond their sphere in tumultuary precipitations yet upon the matter it was Justice and in conformity to a Moral Command One impregnable witness of this we have in the pious Plot of Iehojada the Priest who being but a Subject as all Priests were as the deposition of Abiathar by King Solomon 1 King. 2. 27. proveth entered into an Association with the inferior Rulers to choose make a new King and notwithstanding that the Idolatress She-Tyrant Athaliab who had the Possession of the Government cried Treason Treason at the fact they had her forth without the ranges slew her 2 King. 11. 14-16 This was according to the Law Deut. 13. And approven by all Interpreters even Mr Pool in his Synopsis Critic though alias Superlatively Loyal yet approves of this and sayes she was an incurable Idolatress and therefore deserved to be deposed by the Nobles of the Kingdom And quotes Grotius in Loc. saying she reigned by meer force no right and therefore justly repressed by force for the Hebrewes were to have Brethren for their Kings but not Sisters Deut. 17. 15. Hence if Tyrants may be forcibly repressed then may they peaceably be disouned But this example comfirms that Ergo 10. The Sacred History proceeds in the Relation how this same Joash the Son of Ahaziah after he degenerated into Murdering Tyranny was slain by Jozachar Jehozabad 2 King. 12. 20 21. But that was by his oun Servants in
7. 2 6. I shew before that there is reason to fear that the sins of a few especially of Magistrats Ministers will bring wrath upon the whole body of the people as is plain from these Scriptures Levit. 10. 6. Isai. 43. 27 28. Lam. 4 13. Mic. 3. 11 21. shewing the sins of Ministers may procure universal Destruction And 2 Sam. 24. 25. 2 King. 21. 11. Ier. 15 4. proving the sins of Magistrats may procure it And Num. 3. 14 15. Iosh. 22. 17 18. Demonstrating that the sins of a party of the people may draw wrath upon the whole Now the only way the Scripture points out to evite avert such publick judgments is to make our resentment of these indignities done to our God our Mourning over them and our witness against them as publick as the sins are at least as publick as we can get them by a publick pleading for Truth Isai. 59. 4. for the defect whereof He hides His face and wonders that there is no man no Intercessor vers 16. that is none to plead with God in behalf of His born doun Truths There must be in order to this a publick seeking of Truth which if there be any found making conscience of the Lord makes a gracious overture to pardon the City Ier. 5. 1. we cannot think there were no mourners in secret there but there was no publick Meeting for it and publick ouning the duty of that day There must be valour for the Truth upon the earth Ier. 9. 3. a publick resolute ouning of Truth There must be a making up the hedge standing in the Gap for the Land that the Lord should not destroy it Ezek. 22. 30. a publick Testimony in opposition to defection There must be a pleading with our Mother Hos. 2. 2. which is spoken to private persons in the plural number Commanding all that would consult their oun safety publickly to condemn the sins of the whole Nation that they may escape the publick punishment thereof as it is expounded in Pool Synops. Critic in locum By this means we must endeavour to avert the wrath anger of God which must certainly be expected to go out against the Land which hath all the procuring causes all the Symptoms Prognosticks Evidences of a Land devoted to destruction that ever a Land had If then there must be such Publick Mourning and such Solemn Gathering for it such public pleading for Truth Seeking of Truth valour for Truth making up the hedge and pleading with our Mother there must of Necessity be publick Meetings for it for these things cannot be done in private but must be done by way of Testimony Which I make a 2. Reason The Nature End of Meeting for Gospel Ordinances is for a publick Testimony for Christ and His Truths Interest against Sin and all dishonours done to the Son of God. So that the only end is not only to bring to Christ build up Souls in Christ but it is to Testify also for the Glory of Christ whether Souls be brought in built up or not The Preached Gospel is not only the Testimony of Christ 1 Cor 1. 6. but a Testimony for Christ in which sense The Testimony of Iesus is said to be the Spirit of Prophesie Revel 19. 10. so called Durham expounds it for its bearing Witness to Christ in which respect Ministers are often called Witnesses It is also the Testimony of Israel not only given to Israel but given by Israel unto which the tribes go up the tribes of the Lord Ps. 122. 4. Whensoever therefore or howsoever the Testimony of the Church is contradicted that 's not a Lawful Meeting of the tribes of the Lord. It is also the Testimony of the Preachers for Christ against them that will not receive them Mark. 6. 11. And a Witness unto all Nations to whom they preach Math. 24. 14. And of all the Witnesses that hold it suffer for it Rev. 6. 9. And the same which is the Word of Christs Testimony is the Word of theirs Rev 12. 11. by which they overcome for which they love not their lives Wherever then the Gospel is preached it must be a Testimony But it cannot be a Testimony except it be Publick at least as publick as it can be as we find all Christs Witnesses were in the Old New Testaments 3. The Motive or principle prompting the Lords people to a frequenting of Gospel Ordinances is a publick Spirit stirring up to a publick Generation Work whereof this is the Scope to promote the Kingdom of Christ and not only to obey the Lords Command enjoining the duty to enjoy the Lord the end thereof or to edify their oun Souls But to partake in promote this Great Work of the Day for the Glory of God and the Churches good For the Gospel is not only a Banner of Love over His Friends but Christs Standart of war against His Enemies Isai. 59. 19. under which all that countenance it are called to list themselves as His Souldiers called chosen faithful And it is required of His Souldiers that they be valiant for the Truth upon the earth Discovering a Gallant greatness generosity of a Publick Spirit having their designs desires not limited to their oun interests even Spiritual but aiming at no less than Christs Publick Glory the Churches publick good the Saints publick Comfort having a publick Concern for all Christs Interests Publik Sympathie for all Christs Friends and a publick declared Opposition to all Christs Enemies This is a Publick Spirit the true Spirit of all Christs zealous Lovers Votaries Which when He is a missing will prompt them to go about the City in the streets and in the broad wayes to seek Him whom their Soul loveth Cant. 3. 2. and not only in their beds or secret corners but they must go to the streets and to the fields and avow their seeking of Christ even though the Watchmen should smite them the keepers of the walls take their vails from them Cant. 5. Which obliges them not only to take Him in to their oun Cottages and intertain Him in their hearts and give Him a Throne there but also to endeavour to enlarge His dwelling and propagate His Courtly residence through the World that the Kingdoms of the earth may becom the Kingdoms of the Lord and if they cannot get that done yet that He may have the Throne in â—her Mothers house and take up His abode in the Church or Nation they belong to that there His Ordinances be established in purity peace plenty power according to His oun Order And if that cannot be but that their Mother play the harlot and He be provoked to give up house with her and by her Childrens treacherie the Usurping Enemy be invited in to His place Habitation and take violent possession of it and enact His extrusion expulsion by Law yet they will endeavour to secure a place for Him among
Plague was stayed And the Lord spake unto Moses saying Phinehas hath turned my wrath away from the Children of Israel while he was zealous for my sake among them I give unto him my Covenant of Peace because he was zealous for his God and made an atonement for the Children of Israel Numb 25. 3 13. This Action is here much commended and recorded to his commendation Psal. 106. 30 31. Then stood up Phinehas executed Iudgement and so the Plague was stayed and that was counted unto him for righteousness unto all generations that is in justitiam facti coram hominibus qui alios potuissent hoc factum pessime interpretari tanquam temerarium intempestiâ—um a privato contra Magistratum patratum crudele nimis ab negatum poenitentiae spatium Deus tamen aestimavit tanquam insigniter justum Pool Synops. Critic in Locum It is certain this Action was some way extraordinary because Phinehas was not a Magistrate nor one of the Judges whom Moses commanded to slay every one his men vers 5. Otherwise if this had been only an ordinary execution of Judgement by the Authority of Moses Phinehas his Action would not have been so much taken notice of nor so signally rewarded but here it is noted as a singular act of zeal which it could not have been if it was only an ordinary execution of the Magistrats command yet thô this action was signally Heroical proceeding from a Principle of pure zeal for God and prompted by a powerful motion of the Spirit of God to that extraordinary execution of Judgement It is notwithstanding imitable in the like Circumstances For the matter is ordinary being neither preternatural nor supernatural but just necessary The end was ordinary to turn away the wrath of God which all were obliged to endeavour The principle was ordinary thô at the time he had an extraordinary measure of it being zealous for the Lord as all were obliged to be The rule was ordinary to wit the Command of slaying every man that was joined to Baal-Peor vers 5. only this was extraordinary that the zeal of God called him to this Heroical Action thô he was not a magistrate in this extraordinary exigent to avert the wrath of God which was neither by Moses his command noâ— by the Judges their obedience turned away onely by Phinehas's act of another nature and his zeal appearing therein prompting him thereto the Lord was appeaseâ— the plague stayed In which fervour of zeal transporting him to the omission off the ordinary solemnities of Judgement the Spirit of the Lord places the righteousness praise of the Action Yet the same Call Motion of zeal might have impowered others to do the like the Text speaks of no other Call he had but that of zeal vers 11 12 13. yeâ— another was obliged to do the same upon the ground of that Moral Command Deut. 13. 6 9. having the ground of Gods ordinary Judgement which commandeth the Idolater to die the death and therefore to be imitate of all that prefer the true honour Glory of God to the affection of flesh wicked Princes as Mr Knox affirmeth in his conference with Lithingtoun rehearsed before Per. 3. Further let it be inquired what makes it unimitable Certainly it was not so because he had the motion direction of Gods Spirit for men have that to all duties It was not because he was raised stired up of God to do it for God may raise up Spirits to imitable actions It was not because he had an extraordinary Call for men have an extraordinary Call to imitable actions as the Apostles had to Preach We grant these Actions are extraordinary unimitable which first do deviate from the rule of com mon virtue and transcend all rules of common reason Divine Word but this was not such but an heroick Act of zeal fortitude Next these Actions which are contrary to a Moral ordinary Command are unimitable as the Israelites robbing the Egyptians borrowing not paying again Abrahams offering his son Isaac but this was not such Next those Actions which are done upon some special Mandate of God and are not within the compass of ordinary obedience to the ordinary rule are unimitable but this is not such As also Miraculous Actions and such as are done by the extraordinary inspiration of the Spirit of God as Elias his killing the Captains with their fifties by fire from Heaven but none can reckon this among these See Ius populi at length discussing this point and pleading for the imitableness of this Action cap. 20. If therefore the Lord did not only raise up this Phinehas to that particular act of Justice but also warrant accept him therein reward him therefore upon the account of his zeal when there was a Godly zealous Magistrate able and whom we cannot without breach of charity presume but also willing to execute Justice how much more may it be pleaded that the Lord who is the same yesterday to day for ever will not only pour out of that same Spirit upon others but also when He gives it both allow them thô they be but private persons also call them being otherwise in a Physical Probable Capacity to do these things in an extreamely necessiâ—ous and otherwise irrecoverable state of the Church to which in a more intire condition He doth not call them And particularly when there is not only the like or worse provocations the like necessity of execution of Justice of Reformation for the turning away of wrath removing of Judgments that was in Phinehas's case but also when the Supreme Civil Magistrate the Primores regni other inferiour Rulers are not only unwilling to do their duty but so far corrupted perverted that they are become the Authors Patronizers of these abominations Naph Prior Edit Pag. 23. 3. When the Children of Israel served Eglon the King of Moab and they cried unto the Lord He raised them up a Deliverer Ehud the son of Gera who made a dagger brought a present unto Eglon and put forth his left hand and took the dagger from his right thigh and thrust it into his belly Iudg. 3. 21. That this Action was approven will not be doubted since the Lord raised him up as a Deliverer who by this Heroical Action commented it and since it was a Message from God. And that it was extraordinary were ridiculous to deny for sure this was not the judicial Action of a Magistrate Neither was Ehud a Magistrate at this time but only the Messenger of the people sent with a present Yet it is imitable in the like case as from hence many grave Authors concluded the Lawfulness of killing a Tyrant without a Title 4. When the Lord discomfiâ—ed the host of Iabin and Sisera his Captain fled into the house of Heber the Kenite Iael Hebers wife took a nail of the tent and went softly â—nto him and smote
shall surely bring innocent blood upon your selves and upon the City and upon the Inhabitants thereof Now if the Princes the whole people should have been guilty of the Prophets blood how shall others be judged innocent before God if they suffer the blood of Innocents to be shed when they may save it 3 Ibid. he argues from the distinction between the person placed in Authority and the ordinance of God the one may be resisted the other cannot The plain words of the Apostle makes the difference The ordinance is of God for preservation of mankind punishment oâ—vice which is holy constant Persons commonly are profane unjust He that resisteth the power there is only meant of the just power wherewith God hath armed His Magistrats which who so resists resists Gods orâ—inance But if men in the fear of God oppose themselves to the fury of Princes they then resist not God but the Devil who abuses the sword Authority of God It is evident the people resisted Saul when he had sworn Ionathan should dye whom they delivered The Spirit of God accuses them not of any crime but praises them condemns the King This same Saul again commanded the Priests of the Lord to be slain his guard would not obey but Doeg put the Kings cruelty in execution I will not ask whether the Kings servants not obeying resisted the ordinance of God or whether Doeg murthering gave obedience to just Authority The Spirit of God condemns that fact Psal. 52. that God would not only punish the Commander but also the merciless executer Therefore they who gainstood his command resisted not the ordinance of God. 4 Ibid. He argues from examples not only of resisting but of punishing Tyrants chiefly the example of Uzziah is pertinent to this purpose 2 Chon 26. who after his usurping the Priests Office was put out of the Temple When it was replyed that they were the Priests that with stood the King not simple people He answered The Priests were subjects as Abâ—athar was deposed by Solomon c. yet they made him go out of the Temple for his Leprosie and the people put him from the Kingdom It is noted also that Mr Knox in that discourse adduces examples of those who use to be brought in as objections against defensive Armes even the Primitive Christians before that Passage last cited what precepts sayes he the Apostles gave I will not affirme But I find two things the faithful did the one was they assisted their Preachers even against the rulers the other was they suppressed Idolatrie wheresoever God gave unto them force asking no leave of the Emperour nor of his deputies Read the Ecclesiastical Histories and ye shall find examples sufficient IV. In the next place we may inquire into the judgment of these Reformers concerning that Question that is now so pusling to many which indeed was never started before this time as a head of suffering but now when it is started we may gather from our Ancestors Actings Determinations about it how it ought to be answered They were indeed in capacity and accordingly did improve it for disouning the Authority of both the Queens but their capacity was not the thing that made it duty if it had not been so before Capacity makes a thing possible but not lawful It does indeed make a duty seasonable and clears the Call to it and regulates the timing of Affirmative duties but the want of it can never dispense with negative Precepts And a duty negative especially may become necessary when it hath not the advantage of seasonableness or capacity certainly it were duty to depose â—he Pope from his usurped authority and to disoune it even in Rome it self but there it would not be thought very feasible or seasonable for twenty or thirty people to avouch such a thing there yet at all times it is a duty never to oune it It is thought unseasonable unfeasable to disoune the Tyrants authority but it is made necessary when uâ—ged never to oune it And for this we have the grounds of our Ancestors shewing who may be disouned and must not be ouned I shall first insert here John Knox his propositions prosecuted in his second blast extant at the end of Anton. Gilbies Admonition to England Scotland 1. It is not birth only nor propinquity of bloodh that maketh a King lawfully to Reign over a people professing Christ Iesus and His Eternal verity but in his Election the ordinance which God hath established in the election of inferior judges must be observed 2. No manifest Idolater nor notorious transgressor of Gods holy precepts ought to be promoâ—ed to any publick regiment honour or dignity in any realme Province or Citie that hath subjected themselves to Christ Iesus and His blessed Evangel 3. Neither can Oath or promise bind any such people to obey maintain Tyrants against God and His Truth known 4. Bâ—t if rashly they have promoted any manifest wicked person or yet ignorantly have chosen such an one as after Declareth himself unworthy of regiment above the people of God and such be all Idolaters Cruel Presecuters most justly may the same men depose punish him that unadvisedly before they did nominate appoint elect Accordingly this was done in deposing both the Queens wich is fully vindicated by the Earle of Morton in his discourse to the Queen of England as Buchanan Relates it Lib. 20. Pag. 746. The deed it self neither the Custom of our Ancestors of taking a Course with their Governour will suffer it to be accounted new nor the moderation of the punishment to be odious for it were not needful to recount so many Kings punished by death bonds exile by our Progenitors For the Scotish nation being from the begining alwise free hath created Kings upon these conditions that the Government entrusted to them by the peoples suffrages might be also if the matter required removed by the same suffrages Of which Law there are many footsteps remaining even to our day for both in the Isles about and in many places of the continent in which the old Language institutions have any abode this Custom is kept in creating their Governours of Clanns And the Ceremonies used at the entering into Government do yet retain the express representation of this Law. Whence it is evident that the Government is nothing else but a mutual stipulation between Kings people which further appears from the inviolated tenor of the Ancient Law since the begining of the Scotish Government reserved even unto our memory without the least essay either to abrogate it or disable or diminish it Yea even when our fathers have deposed banished more severely punished so many Kings yet never was any mention or motion made of relaxing the rigor of that Law And not without reason seeing it was not of that kind of Constitutions that change with the times but of those which are engraven in the minds of men from the
of the God of Truth and Scorn of all our holy Engagments Which defection did not only cause for a long time an incurable Division the first of that kind and most permanent of any that ever was in the Church of Scotland by reason of the surcease of General Assemblâ—es stoped hindered by the yoke of the Sectarian Usurpation but also was the spring source of all our defections since all flowing from fomented by that same spirit that fostered that And for that since that time the Lord hath been contending with this Church Nation bringing us under the bondage of these Malignant Enemies whom we suffered them then to encourage introduce And both at that time since that time the Lord never countenanced an Expedition where that Malignant Interest was taken in unto the state of the quarrel Upon this our Land was invaded by Oliver Cromwel who defeat our Army at Dumbar where the Anger of the Lord was evidently seen to smoke against us for espousing that Interest And remarkable it is how in that very day where in the Publick Resolutions were concluded in the Assembly at St Andrews the Lord then shed the blood of His people at Ennerkeithing so as that the Assembly having in great hast hurried through this Approbation were all made to run for it and Adjourn themselves to Dundie where they met and compleated that step of defection And afterwards it s known what a peculiar vengeance fell upon that City where this deed was done beyond all the Cities of the Nation Next an Army being raised according to these unhallowed Resolutions and the Lord puting remarkable Discountinance upon them in their attemptings at home as was manifest in their attemptings at Torewood c. They march into England and there did the Lord continue by His leaving our Army to the Sword to preach that Doctrine to the world Iosh. 7. 10 11 12. Israel hath sinned and transgressed the Covenant have taken the accursed thing and dissembled also and have put it even amongst their oun stuff therefore the Children of Israel could not stand before their enemies but turned their backs before their Enemies because they were accursed Neither will I be with yow any more except ye destroy the accersed thing from among yow An army of near 30000 was totally routed at Worcester and the Achan the Cause of the overthrow was forced to hide himself in the Oak and thence to transport himself beyond sea where he continued a wandering fugitive in Exile till the year 1660. In the mean time the Sectarian Army here prevailed till after the usurper Cromwel his death the false Monk then General with a Combination of Malignants and Publick Resolutioners did machinate our misery and effectuated it by bringing home the King to England from his banishment Wherein he was habituate into an implacable hatred against the Work of God. Yet though since the Kings first reception into Scotland our declensions were still growing untill they produced this fearful Revolt from God wherein the Nation is now involved there was still a faithful Remnant of Ministers Professors zealous for the Cause keeping their Integrity who in their Remonstrances Testimonies witnessed against both their Malignant Enemies and their backsliding Brethren the Resolutioners and also against the Sectarians their Invaders whose vast Toleration Liberty of Conscience which they brought in to invade our Religion as they had invaded our Land and infect it with their multifarious Errors was particularly by the Synod of Fife and other Brethren in the Ministery that joined themselves to them Testified against and demonstrated to be wicked intollerable Now to see how far the present Testimony is Conâ—irmed by the witnesses of this Period we may resume some Reflections on it I. They impartially carried on the Testimony against Prelacy and the Popish Prelatical Malignant faction on the one hand and the Sectarians on the other without ever waving the Testimony against either or at the least winking at the one to weaken the other both which Testimonies they though of so great importance that they could not dispense with but faithfully maintain both in their witnessings warnings In that seasonable necessary Warning Declaration concerning present imminent dangers given at Edinb Iuly 27. sess 27. They say first of the Sâ—ctaries That prevailing Party of Sectaries in England who have broken the Covenant and despised the Oath of God corrupted the Truth subverted the fundamental Government Look upon us with an evil eye as upon these who stand in the way of their Monstrous new fangled devices in Religion Government and though there were no Cause to fear any thing from that party but the Gangren infection of those many damnable abominable errors which have taken hold on them yet our vicinity unto and dayly Commerce with that Nation may justly make us afrayed that the Lord may give up many in this Land into a spirit of delusion to beleeve Lies because they have not received the Love of the Truth In that same warning they say we are not so to have the one of our eyes upon the Sectaries as not to have the other upon Malignants they being an Enemie more numerous more dangerous than the other not only because experience hath proven that there is a greater aptitude inclination in these of our Land to comply with Malignants than Sectaries in that they carry on their wicked designe under a pretext of being for the King but also because there be many of them in our oun bovvells By vvhich vve may see hovv impartially they opposed both and that this cannot be condemned in the Testimonies of the present Sufferers except the Assembly be condemned And because many novv a dayes have extenuating notions of those debates against Prelacy Sectarianisme about the Government of the Church c. and condemn these that vvould adhere to suffer for the Punctilio's of it as rigid nicetie I shall for seeing vvhat account the Assembly had of them cite their vvords in a Letter to the Assembly of divines at Westminster Dated Edin Iune 18. 1646. The smallest say they of Christs Truths if it be Lavvfull to call any of them small is of greater moment than all the other businesses that ever have been debated since the begining of the vvorld to this day but the highest of honours and heaviest of burdens is put upon yovv to declare out of the Sacred Records of Divine Truth vvhat is the Prerogative of the Croun extent of the Scepter of Jesus Christ vvhat bounds are to be set betvveen Him Ruling in His House and povvers established by God on Earth hovv by vvhom His House is to be Governed and by vvhat vvayes a restraint is to be put on these vvho vvould pervert His Truth and subvert the faith of many II. In the manner of maintaining this Testimony these famous Fathers while faithful for God gave us a perfect
Supremacy which were the successive heads of the former Testimonies and also now extended in a particular manner against Tyrannie And not only against the substance essence of these in the abstract but against substance circumstance abstract concret root branch head tail of them and all complying with them conforming to them or countenancing of them or any thing conductive for them or deduced from them any manner of way directly or indirectly formally or interpretatively This is that extensive and very comprehensive Testimony of the present Period as it is now stated sealed with the blood of many Which in all its parts points pendicles is most directly relative and dilucidly reducible to a complex Witness for the Declarative Glory of Christs Kingship and Headship over all as He is God and as He is Mediator which is the greatest concern that Creatures have to contend for either as Men or as Christians The matter of this Testimony I shall give a short manuduction to the progress Result of its Managment During the Exile of the Royal Brothers it is undenyably known that they were by their Mothers caresses and the Jesuites Allurements seduced to abjure the Reformed Religion which was easie to induce persons to that never had the sense of any Religion and to be reconciled to the Church of Rome And that not only they wrote to the Pope many promisses of promoting his projects if ever they should recover the power into their hands again and often frequented the Mass themselves but also by their example and the influence of their future hopes prevailed with many of their dependents attendants abroad to do the like Yet it is also unquestionably known that in the mean time of his Exile â—e renewed confirmed by private Letters to Presbyterians his many reiterated Engagments to adhere to the Covenant and declared that he was would continue the same man that he had declared himself to be in Scotland wherein doubtless as he was an expert Artist he equivocated and meant in his heart he would continue as Treacherous as ever which helped to keep a Loyal Impression of his Interest in the hearts of too many and an expectation of some good of him of which they were ashamed afterwards And immediatly before his return it s known what promises are contained in that Declaration from Breda from whence he came also the second time with greater Treachery than at the first to all Protestants that would live peaceably under his Government begining now to weigh out his perfidie perjurie breach of Covenant in offering to tolerote that in an Indulgence which he swore to maintain as a duty But in all this he purposed nothing but to ingyre ingratiate himself into the peoples over credulous affections that they might not obstruct his return which a jealousie of his intended Tyrannie would have awakened them to withstand And so having seated himself and strengthened his power against the attemptings of any whom his conscience might suggest an apprehension that they ought to resist him he thought himself discharged from all obligations of Covenants Oaths or promises for which his faith had been pledged And from the first hour of his arrival he did in a manner set himself to affront Defy the Authority of God and to be revenged upon his Kingdoms for inviting him so unanimously to sway their Scepter in polluting infecting the people with all debaucheries monstrous villanies and commencing his incestous Whoredoms that very first night he came to his Palace wherein he continued to his dying day outvying all for vileness Yet he went on deluding our Church with his dissimulations and would not discover all his wickedness hatched in his heart at first till his designs should be riper but directed a Letter to the Presbyterie of Edinburgh declaring he was resolved to protect preserve the Government of the Church of Scotland as it is settled by Law without violation Wherein it was observed he altered the Stile and spake never a word of the Covenant our Magna Charta of Religion Righteousness our greatest security for all Interests intrusted to him but only of Law by which as his practice expounded it afterwards he meant the Prelatical Church as it was settled by the Law of his Father since which time he reckoned there was no Law but Rebellion This was a piece preludie of our base defection degeneration into blind blockish brutish stupidity that after he had discovered so much perfidie we not only at first tempted him to Perjurie in admitting him to the Crown upon his mock-engagment in the Covenant whereby God was mocked His Spirit was grieved His Covenant prostituted the Church cheated the State betrayed but after the Lord had broken his yoke from off our necks by sending him to exile ten years where he was discovered to be imbibing all that venome Tyrannical violence which he afterward vented in revenge upon the Nations and after we had long smarted for our first transaction with him yet not withstanding of all this we beleeved him again and Issachar-like couched under his burdens and were so far from withstanding that we did not so much as witness against the readmission restauration of the head tail of Malignants but let them come in peaceably to the throne without any security to the Covenanted cause or for our Civil or Religious Interests and by piece meal at their oun ease leasure pleasure to overturn all the Work of God and reintroduce the old Antichristian yoke of abjured Prelacy and blasphemous Sacrelegious Supremacy and Absolute Arbitrary Tyrannie with all their abominations which he and with him the generality of our Nobility Gentry Clergy commonality by him corrupted without regard to faith or fear of God or man did promote propogate until the Nation was involved in the greatest revolt from rebellion against God that ever could be recorded in any Age or Generation Nay attended with greater grosser Aggravations than ever any could be capable of before us who have had the greatest Priviledges that ever any Church had since the National Church of the Iewes the greatest light the greatest effects of matchless magnified love the greatest Convictions of Sin the greatest Resolutions Solemn Engagments against it and the greatest Reformation from it that ever any had to abuse affront O Heavens be astonished at this horribly afraid for Scotland hath changed her Glory and the Crown hath fallen from off her head by an unparalelled Apostasie a free voluntary vvilfull deliberate Apostasie an avoued declared Authorized Apostasie Tyrannically carried on by Militarie violence cruelty a most universal every vvay unprecedented Apostasie I must a litle change my method in deducing the narration of this Catastrophe and subdistinguish this unhappie Period into several steps shevving hovv the Enemies opposition to Christ advanced and the Testimony of His
1680. at the Torwood he excommunicated some of the most scandalous and Principal Promoters Abettors of this Conspiracy against Christ as formally as the present Case could admit After Sermon upon Ezek. 21. 25 26 27. And thou profane wicked Prince of Israel whose day is come c. He had a short and pertinent discourse on the nature the subject the causes and the ends of Excommunication in general And then declared that he was not led out of any private Spirit or passion to this Action but constrained by Conscience of duty and zeal to God to stigmatize with this brand and wound with the Sword of the Lord these Enemies of God that had so Apostatized rebelled against mocked despised defied Our Lord and to declare them as they are none of His to be none of ours The persons excommunicated and the Sentence against them was given forth as followes I being a Minister of Iesus Christ and having Authority and Power from Him do in His Name by His Spirit excommunicatâ— cast out of the true Church and deliver up to Satan Charles the Second King c. The Sentence was founded upon these grounds declared in the pronunciation thereof 1 for his high mocking of God in that after he had acknowledged his own sins his fathers sins his mothers Idolatrie yet had gone on more avowedly in the same than all before him 2 for his great Perjurie in breaking burning the Covenant 3 for his rescinding all Lawes for establishing the Reformation and enacting Lawes contrarie thereunto 4 for commanding of Armies to destroy the Lords people 5 for his being an Enemy to true Protestants helper of the Papists and hindering the execution of just Lawes against them 6 for his granting Remissions Pardons for Murderers which is in the power of no King to do being expressly contrare to the Law of God. 7 for his Adulteries and dissembling with God man Next by the same Authority and in the same name he excommunicated Iames Duke of York for his Idolatrie and setting it up in Scotland to defile the Land and entycing encouraging others to do so Not mentioning any other sins but what he scandalously persisted in in Scotland c. With several other rotten Malignant Enemies on whom the Lord hath ratiâ—â—ed that Sentence since very remarkably whose sins punishments both may be read more visiblie in the Providences of the time than I can record them But about this time when amidst all the abounding defections divisions of that dark dismal hour of tentation some in zeal for the Cause were endeavouring to keep up the Testimony of the day in an abstraction from Complying Ministers Others were left in holy judgment to be a stumbling block to the Generation hardening them in their defections and to be a beacon to the most zealous to keep off from all unwarrantable excesses to fall into fearâ—ul extravagances and delirious damnable delusions being overdriven with ignorant blind zeal into untroden paths which led them into a labyrinth of darkness when as they were stumbled at many Ministers their unfaithfulness so through the deceit of Sathan and the hypocrisie of his Instruments they came to be offended at Mr Cargil his faithfulness who spared neither left hand declensions nor right hand extremes and left him and all the Ministers not only disouning all Communion with those that were not of their way but execrating Cursing them and kept themselves in desert places from all Company where they persisted prodigiously in fastings and singing Psalms pretending to wonderful raptures Enthusiasmes and in fine I. Gib with 4 more of them came to that hight of Blasphemy that they burnt the Bible Confession of Faith. These were the sweet singers as they were called led away into these delusions by that Impostor Sorcerer Iohn Gib who never encreased to such a number as was then feared reported being within thirty most part women all which for the most part have been through Mercy reclaimed from that destructive way which through Grace the Reproached Remnant adhering to the foresaid Testimony had alwayes an abhorrence of Wherefore that ignorant impudent Calumnie of their Consortship with Gibs followers is only the vent of viperous Envy For they were the first that discovered them and whose pains the Lord blessed in reclaiming them and were alwayes so far from partaking with them that to this day these that have come off from that way and have offered the Confession of their scandal do still complain of their over-rigid severity in not admitting them to their select fellowships To which may be added this undenyable Demonstration that whereas the persecuâ—ing Courts of Inquisition did alwayes extend the utmost severity against the Ouners of this Testimony yet they spared them And the Duke of York then in Scotland was so weâ— pleased with Gib's Blasphemies that he favoured him extraordinarly and freely dismissed him This was a cloudy dark day but not without a burning shining light as long as that faithful Minister of Christ Mr Donald Cargil was following the Work of the Lord who shortly after this finished his Testimony being apprehended with other two faithful zealous Witnesses of Christ Mr Walter Smith and Mr Iames Boog who with 2 more were altogether at Edinburgh 27. Iulij 1681. Crouned with the Glory of Martyrdom Then came the day of the Remnants vexation trouble darkness dimness of anguish wherein who so looked unto the Land could see nothing but darkness sorrow the light darkened in the Heavens thereof wherein neither Star nor Sun appeared for many dayes and poor People were made to grope for the wall like the blind and to stumble in noon day as in the night While the Persecution advanced on the one hand a violent spait of defection carried doun the most part of Ministers Professors before it driving them to Courses of sinful scandalous Conformings with the times Corruptions Compearings before their Courts Complyings with their Commands paying of theis Cesses and other Exactions Taking of their Oaths Bonds and countenancing their Prelatical Church-Services which they were ashamed to do before And thereupon on the other hand the Divisions and Confusions were augmented and poor people that desired to cleave to the Testimony were more more offended and stumbled at the Ministers who either left the Land in that clamant Call of the peoples necessity or lurked in their own retirements and declined the duty of that day leaving people to determine themselves in all their perplexities as a prey to all tentations But the tender Pastor and Shepherd of Israel who leads the blind in the way they know not did not forsake a Remnant in that hour of tentation who kept the Word of His Patience and as He helped those that fell into the hands of Enemies to Witness a good Confession so He strengthened the zeal of the remaining Contenders against all the
what is future Next it is known what his Practices Plots have been for the destruction of all honest precious Interests what a deep hand he had in the burning of London in the Popish plot discovered anno 1678. in the Murder of the Earle of Essex yea in the Parricide committed upon his oun brother By all which it appears nothing is so abominable barbarous which he hath not a Conscience that will swallow digest without a scruple and what he hath done of this kind must be but preparatory to what he intends as meritorious to attone for these villanies And in his esteem and persuasion of Papists nothing is thought more meritorious than to exstirpate the Protestant Religion and destroy the Professors thereof Therefore being such a person with whom in Reason no honest man could transact for a tenure of the least piece of Land or house or any holding whatsoever they dare not accept of his security or protection for so great an Interest as the freedom exercise of their Religion under the shadow of such a bramble If it was the Shechemites sin shame to strengthen a naughty Abimelech and strengthen themselves under the shadow of his protection much more must it be to take protection for Religion as wel as peace from such a Monster of crueltie treacherie This were against their Testimony and contrary to the Laudable Constitutions of the Church of Scotland to take no Protections from Malignant Enemies as was shewed above in Montroses case See Pag. 82. above II. Considering his Religion more particularly they judge it unlawful so to bargain with him as this Acceptance would import It is known he is not only a Papist an Apostate Papist and an Excommunicate Papist as is related above but a fiery Bigot in the Romish Religion and zealous sworn votarie vassal of Antichrist who as the Letter of the Iesuite from Liege lately published in print tells us is resolved either to convert England to Poperie or die a Martyr and again that he stiles himself a son of the Societie of Iesuites and will account every injury done to them to be a wrong done against himself being known to be under the conduct guidance of that furious Order yea and enrolled as a member of that Society Which makes it the less to be wondered that he should require absolute obedience without reserve seeing he himself yeelds absolute obedience as wel as implicite faith without reserve to the Jesuites Such a Bigot was Mary of England as also his great Grandame of Scotland if she had got her will And his Bigotrie will make him emulous of her Crueltie as counting it a diminution of his glory for such a Champion as he under Antichrists banner to come short of a womans enterprizes Nor would the late King have been so posted off the stage if his successor were not to act more vigorously than he in this Tragical design to which this Toleration is subservient He is then a Servant of Antichrist and as such under the Mediators Malediction yea in this respect is heir to his Grandfathers imprecation who wished the Curse of God to fall upon such of his Posterity as should at any time turn Papists How then can the Followers of the Lamb strike hands be at peace associate confederate or bargain with such a declared Enemy to Christ Certainly the Scripture-Commands of making no Covenant or League interdicting entering into any affinity with the People of these abominations and forbidding saying a Confederacy with them do lay awful bonds on the Faithful to stand aloof from such The People might have had Liberty of Conscience under the Assyrian Protection when they were saying a Confederacy with him but in so doing they forefaulted the benefit of the Lord being a Sanctuary to them To bargain therefore with such an one for a Toleration of Religion were contrary to the Scriptures contrary to the Covenants and Principles of the Church of Scotland against Associations Confederacies with such Enemies See Gillesp. Useful Case of Conscience concerning Assoc. hinted Pag. 83. and more Head. 3. Arg. 1. But to accept of this Liberty as now offered were a bargaining for where there is a Giving Receiving upon certain Conditions where there are Demands Complyance Commands Obedience Promises Relyance Offers upon termes Acquiescence in these termes what is there wanting to a bargain but the meer formality of Subscriptions At least it cannot be denied but the Addressers have bargained for it and in the name of all the Accepters which must stand as their deed also if they do not evidence their resentment of such Presumption which I do not see how they can if they abide under the shadow thereof the same way as they do I grant Liberty is very desirable and may be taken improven from Enemies of Religion And so do the Wanderers now take it improve it to the best advantage without receiving it by acquiescing in any termes But such a Liberty as this was never offered without a destructive design nor ever received without a destructive effect It is one of the filthie flatteries found in the English Addresses particularly that from Totness that the present Indulger is like another Cyrus who proclaimed Liberty to the People of God Ezra 1. But who sees not the disparity in every respect Cyrus at his very first entry into the Government did lay out himself for the Churches good This man who speaks now so fair his first work was to break our head and next to put on our hood first to assert corroberate his prerogative and then by virtue of that to dispense with all Penal Lawes It was foretold that Cyrus should deliver the Church at that time But was it ever promised that the Church should get Liberty to advance Antichrist or that Antichrist or one of his Limbs should be employed in the Churches deliverance while such The Lord stirred up the Spirit of Cyrus Can it be said without blasphemy that the Lord stirred up this man to contrive the introduction of Poperie by this Gate Gap except in a penal sense for judgment Cyrus had a Charge to build the Lord a House but this is not a Charge but a Grant or Licence not from nor according to Gods Authority but mans not to build Christ a House but a Babel for Antichrist and all this Liberty is but contrived as scaffolding for that Edifice which when it is advanced then the scaffolding must be removed 3. Considering him in his Relation as a Magistrate it were contrary to their Testimony so often renewed ratified confirmed with so many reasons and sealed by so much blood bonds banishment other sufferings to oune or acknowledge his Authority which is meer Usurpation Tyrannie in that by the Lawes of the Land he is incapable of Government and that he hath neither given nor can give without an hypocritical damning cheat the Oath
then they are no more to oune him as their Soveraign But the former is proved that a Covenanted Prince breaking all the conditions of his compact doth forfeit his right to the Subjects Allegiance Ergo And Consequently when Charles the Second expressly bound by Covenant to defend promote the Convenanted Reformation Liberties of the Kingdom to whom only we were bound in the terms of his defending promoting the same did violently villainously violate vilify these conditions we were no more bound to them Somewhat possibly may be Objected here 1. If this be the sense of the Covenant then it would seem that we were not bound to oune the King but only when while he were actually promoving carrying on the ends of the Covenant Ans. It does not follow but that we are obliged to preserve his Person Authority in these necessary intervalls when he is called to see to himself as a man for we must preserve him as a mean because of his aptitude designation for such an End albeit not alwayes formally prosecuting it we do not say that we are never to oune him but when actually exercised in prosecuting these ends but we say we are never to oune him when he is Tyrannically Treacherously abusing his Authority for destroying overturning these ends and violating all the conditions of his compact It may be Obj. 2. Saul was a Tyrant and a breaker of his Royal Covenant and persecuter of the Godly and Murderer of the Priests of the Lord usurper upon the Priests Office and many other wayes guilty of breaking all conditions And yet David and all Israel ouned him as the Anointed of the Lord. Ans. 1. Saul was indeed a Tyrant rejected of God and to be ejected out of his Kingdom in His oun time way which David a Prophet knowing would not anticipate But he was far short and a meer Bungler in acts of Tyranny in comparison of our Grassators he broke his Royal Covenant in very gross particular acts but did not cass rescind the whole of it did not burn it did not make it Criminal to oune its obligation nor did he so much as profess a breach of it nor arrogate an Absolute prerogative nor attempt arbitrary Government nor to evert the fundamental Laws and overturn the Religion of Israel bring in Idolatry as Ours have done He was a Persecuter of David upon some private quarrels not of all the Godly upon the account of their Covenanted Religion He Murdered 85 Priests of the Lord in a transport of fury because of their kindness to David but he did not make Laws adjudging all the Ministers of the Lord to death who should be found most faithful in their duty to God His Church as Ours have done against all Field Preachers He Usurped upon the Priests Office in one elicit act of Sacrificing but he did not usurp a Supremacy over them and annex it as an inherent right of his Crown 2. He was indeed such a Tyrant as deserved to have been dethroned brought to condign punishment upon the same accounts that Amaziah Uzziah were deposed for afterwards And in this the people failed in their duty and for it they were plagued remarkably shall their Omission be an Argument to us 3. As the question was never put to the people whether they ouned his Authority as Lawful or not So we do not read either of their Universal ouning him or their positive disouning him However That 's no good Argument which is drawen a non facto ad faciendum because they did it not therefore it must not be done 4. They ouned him but how as the Minister of God not to be resisted or revolted from under pain of damnation as all Lawful Magistrats ought to be ouned Rom. 13. 2 4. This I deny for David his six hundred men resisted him resolutely And though the body of the Nation did long Lazily lye couch as Asses under his burden yet at length weary of his Tyranny many revolted from under him and adjoined themselves to David at Ziklag while he kept himself close because of Saul the Son of Kish 1 Chron. 12. 1. who are commended by the Spirit of God for their valour vers 2. c. and many out of Manasseh fell to him when he came with the Philistims against Saul to battel vers 19. This was a practical disouning of the Tyrant before the Lord deposed him 5. David did indeed pay him his Character some deference as having been the Anointed of the Lord yet perhaps his honouring him with that title the Lords anointed 1 Sam. 24. 1 Sam. 26. and calling him so often his Lord the King cannot be altogether Justified no more than his using that same language to Achish King of Gath. 1 Sam. 29. 8. I shew before how titles might be allowed but this so circumstantiate does not seem so consistent with his imprecatory prayer for the Lords avenging him on him 1 Sam. 24. 12. and many other imprecations against him in his Psalms in some of which he calls the same man whom here he stiles the Lords anointed a Dog as Saul his Complices are called Psal. 95. 6 14. and the evil violent wicked man Psal 140. 1 4. and the vilest of men Psal. 12. ult However it be there can be no Argument from hence to oune the Authority of Tyrants Usurpers 6. Though this Necessary conditional compact which must alwayes be in the constitution of Lawfuâ— Rulers be not alwayes express explicite so that a written Authentick Copy of it cannot be always produced yet it is alwise to be understood implicitely at least transacted in the Rulers admission to the Government wherein the Law of God must regulate both parties and when he is made Ruler it must natively be understood that it is upon terms to be a Father feeder Protector and not a Tyrant Murderer Destroyer All Princes are so far pactional that they are obliged by the high absolute Soveraign from whom they derive their Authority to reign for the Peace profit of the people this is fixed unalterably by the Laws of the Supreme Legislator and solemnly engaged unto at the Coronation and whosoever declines or destroyes this fundamental condition he degrades deposes himself It is also not only the Universal practice but necessary for the Constitution Conservation of all Common-wealths to have fundamental Laws Provisions about Government both for the upholding transmitting transfering it as occasion calls and preventing punishing violations thereof that there be no invasion or intrusion upon the Government and if there be any entrance upon it not according to the Constitution that it be illegitimated and the Nations Liberties always secured This doeth infer regulate a conditional compact with all that are advanced to the Government albeit it should not be expressed For it is undenyable that in the erection of all Governours the
be said then it cannot be an universal Grant or otherwise all Kings must be ordained for plagnes And if so it were better we wanted such nursing fathers 2. Though Mishphat signifies right or Law yet it signifies also and perhaps no less frequently Manner Course or Custome And here it cannot signify the Law of God for all these Acts of Tyranny are contrary to the Law of God for to make Servants of subjects is contrary to the Law of God Deut. 17. 20. forbidding to lift up himself so far above his brethren but this was to deal with them as a proud Pharaoh to take so many for Chariots horsemen is also contrary to the Law Deut. 17. 15. he shall not multiply horses to take their fields vineyards is meer Robbery contrary to the Moral Judicial Law whereof he was to have alwise a Copy vers 18. And contrary to Ezek. 46. 18. The Prince shall not take of the peoples inheritance c. This would justify Ahabs taking Naboths vineyard which yet the Lord accounted Robberie and for which Tyrants are called Companions of Thieves Isai. 1. 23. Robbers Isai. 42. 24. into whose hands the Lord somtimes may give His people for a spoyl in Judicial providence but never with His Approbation grant of right to make them cry out â—s oppression which the Lord abhors Isai. 5. 7 8. And if this be all the remedy it is none for it is such a Cry as the Lord threatens He will not hear 3. It is false that this manner of the King was registered in that Book mentioned 1 Sam. 10. 25. for that was the Law of the Kingdom accordingly the Copy of which the King was to have for his instruction containing the fundamental Laws point blank contrary to this which was the manner of the King There is a great difference between the Manner of the Kingdom what ought to be observed as Law and the Manner of the King what he would have as lust Would Samuel write in a Book the rules of Tyranny to teach to oppress contrary to the Law of God He sayes himself he would only teach both King people the good the right way Sam. 12. 23 25. 4. Nothing can be more plain than that this was a meer disswasive against seeking a King for he protests against this Course and then layes before them what sort of King he should be in a description of many acts of Tyranny and yet in end its said vers 19. Nevertheless the people refused to obey the voice of Samuel and said Nay but we will have a King. Now what else was the voice of Samuel than a disswasion I am not here levelling this Argument against Monarchy in the abstract that does not lie in my road But I infer from hence 1. If God was displeased with this people for asking ouning a King who was only Tyrannus in fieri and disswades from the choise by a description of his future Tyranny Then Certainly He was displeased with them when they continued ouning him when a Tyrant in facto esse according to that description But the former is true Therefore also the latter The Consequence is clear for Continuing in sin is sin but continuing in ouning that Tyrant which was their sin at first was a continuing in sin Ergo The Minor is confirmed thus Continuing in counteracting the Motives of Gods disswasion especially when they are sensibly visible is a Continuing in sin But their Continuing in ouning Saul after he became a Tyrant was a Continuing in counteracting the Motives of Gods disswasion when they were sensibly visible I do not say because it was their sin to ask Soul therefore it was not Lawful to oune him while he ruled as a Magistrate And so if Charles the second had ruled righteously it would not have been sin to oune him but after the Lord uses disswasives from a choise of such a one and these are signally verified if it was sin to make the choise then it must be sin to keep it 2. If it was their sin to seek set up such a one before he was Tyrant who yet was admitted upon Covenant terms and the manner of it registered Then much more is it a sin to seek set up one after he declared himself a Tyrant and to admit him without any terms at all or for any to consent or give their suffrage to such a deed But the former is true Therefore the latter and Consequently to give our consent to the erection of the D. of Y. by ouning his Authority were our sin 3. If it be a sin to oune the manner of the King there described then it is a sin to oune the present pretended Authority which is the exact transumpt of it But it is a sin to oune the manner of the King there described or else it would never have been used as a disswasive from seeking such a King. 4. To bring our selves under such a burden which the Lord will not remove and involve our selves under such a miserie wherein the Lord will not hear us is certainly a sin vers 18. But to oune or chuse such a King whose manner is there described would bring our selves under such a burden miserie wherein the Lord would not hear us Ergo it were our sin 4. We may adde the necessary Qualifications of Magistrates which the Lord requires to be in all both Superior Inferior And thence it may be inserred that such pretended Rulers who neither have nor can have these Qualifications are not to be ouned as Magistrates no more than such are to be ouned as Ministers who have no qualifications for such a function We find their essentially necessary qualifications particularly described Iethros Counsel was Gods Counsel Command That Rulers must be able men such as fear God men of Truth hating Covetousness Exod. 18. 21. Tyrants Usurpers have none nor can have any of these qualifications except that they may have ability of force which is not here meant but that they be Morally able for the discharge of their duty Surely they cannot fear God nor be men of Truth for then they would not be Tyrants It is Gods direction that the man to be advanced assumed to Rule must be a man in whom is the Spirit Numb 27. 18. as is said of Ioshua what Spirit this was Deut. 34. 9. explains He was full of the Spirit of Wisdom that is the Spirit of Government not the Spirit of infernal or Iesuitical Policy which Tyrants may have but they cannot have the true Regal Spirit but such a Spirit as Saul had when he turned Tyrant an evil Spirit from the Lord. Moses saith they must be wise men understanding and known among the tribes Deut. 1. 13. for if they be Children or fools they are plagues punishments Isai. 3. 2 3 4. c. not Magistrates who are alwise blessings And they must be known men of intergrity not known to be
affronted wickedness and hatred of Godliness may give ground to doubt of it as Christians had of Iulian the Apostate 2. We are obliged to love our Enemies to Bless them that Curse us to do good to them that hate us to pray for them that despitefully use persecute us Math. 5. 44. Accordingly Our Master who commanded this did give us a Pattern to imitate when He prayed Father forgive them for they know not what they do Luk. 23. 34. And His faithful Martyr Stephen prayed for his Murderers Lord lay not this sin to their charge Act. 7. ult We are to pity them and not to seek vengeance against them for any injuries they can do to us Yet as this doth not interfere with a holy zealous Appeal to God for righting resenting requiting the wrongs done to us that He may vindicate us our Cause and make them repent of their injuries done to us to the Glory of God and Conviction of Onlookers and Confusion of themselves which may well consist with Mercy to their Souls So all we can pray for them in their opposition to us is in order to their repentance but never for their prosperity in that Course And we may well imitate even against our enemies that prayer of Zecharia's The Lord look upon it and require it 2 Chron. 24. 22. But we are never to pray for Christs stated Enemies as to the bulk of them and under that formality as His Enemies for we must not love them that hate the Lord 2 Chron. 19. 2. but hate them and hate them with a perfect hatred Psâl. 139. 21 22. We are to pray for the Elect among them but only to the end they may escape the vengeance which we are obliged to pray for against them 3. We are not to exsecrate our enemies or use imprecations against any out of blind zeal or the passionate or revengefull motions of our oun hearts Our Lord rebuked His Disciples for such preposterous zeal Luk. 9. 55. Ye know not what manner of Spirit ye are of But against the Stated Declared Enemies of Christ as such while such we may well take a pattern from the imprecatory Prayers of the Saints recorded in Scripture such as do not peremptorly determine about the eternal State of particular persons which determinations except we be extraordinarly acted by the same Spirit whose Dictates these are are not to be imitated by us We find several sorts of Imprecations in the Psalms other Scriptures Some are imitable some not Some are Propheticall having the force of a Prophecy as Davids Psal. 35. 4. Let them be confounded that seek after my Soul Let Destruction come upon him Psal. 55. 15. Let them go doun quick to hell And Ieremiah chap. 17. 18. Let them be confounded that persecute me destroy them with double destruction Without this Prophetical Spirit determining the application of these threatenings to particular persons we may not imitate this peremptoriness Some are Typical of Christs Mediatory devoting His Enemies to destruction who as He interceeds for His friends so by virtue of the same Merits by them trampled upon He pleads for vengeance against His enemies Which Mediatory vengeance is the most dreadful of all vengeances Heb. 10. 29. So also Psal. 40. He whose ears were opened and who said lo I come vers 6. 7. that is Christ does imprecate shame Confusion desolation vers 14. 15. As also Psal. 109. the Psalmist personates Christ complaining of imprecating against His enemies particularly Iudas the Traitor vers 8. It must be dreadful to be under the dint of the Mediators Imprecations And also dreadful to clash with Him in His Intercessions that is to apprecate for them against whom He imprecates or pray for them against whom He intercedes But some Imprecatioâ—s against the enemies of God are imitable such as proceed from pure zeal for God and the Spirit of Prayer as that Psal. 109. ult Put them in fear O Lord that the Nations may know themselves to be but men Psal. 83. 16. fill their faces with shame that they may seek thy Name This is to be imitated in general against all the enemies of God Psal 129. 5. Let them all be confounded that hate Zion without condescending on particular persons except obviously not odiously desperate presumptively Christs implacable Enemies 4. Touching Magistrates it is a great duty to pray that God would give us Magistrates as He hath promised for the Comfort of His Church Isai. 1. 26. Isai. 49. 2. Ier. 30. 21. Promises should be motives foments of Prayer We ought to pray against Anarchy as a Plague and with all earnestness beg of God that the mercy of Magistracy may agaâ—n be known in Brittain of which it hath been long deprived 5. And when we have them it is a necessary Duty to pray for them for Kings and for all that are in Authority that we may lead a quiet peaceable life in all Godliness honesty 1 Tim. 2. 2. Where it is specified what sort we should pray for and to what end As we are not to pray for all men absolutely for some as they are declared to be out of the precincts of of Christs Mediation so they must be out of our Prayers So there may be some in actual Rule that may be excepted out of the verge of the Christians Prayers as was said of Iulian the Apostate But he that is a Magistrate indeed and in Authority the subjects are to pray and to give thanks for him not as a man meerly but as a Magistrate Yea though they be Heathen Magistrates Ezra 6. 10. We may pray for all in Authority two wayes As Men as Kings As Men we may pray for their Salvation or Conversion or taking them out of the way if they be enemies to Christs Kingdom according as they are stated and upon Condition if it be possible and if they belong to the Election of Grace Though for such as are opposites to the coming of Christs Kingdom as it is a contradiction to the second petition of the Lords Prayer Thy Kingdom come So in the experience of the most eminent wrestlers they have found less faith less encouragement in praying for them than for any other sort of men It is rare that ever any could find their hands in praying for the Conversion of our Rulers And though we pray that the Lord would convince them yea confound them in mercy to their souls yet this must never be wanting in our Prayers for Tyrants as men that God would bring them doun and cause Justice overtake them that so God may be Glorified and the Nation eased of such a burden But if we pray for them as Kings then they must be such by Gods approbation and not meer possessory Occupants to whom we owe no such respect nor duty For whatever the Hobbists and the time-serving Casuists of our day and even many good men though wofully
the Remnant that He may get a lodging among the afflicted poor people that trust in the Name of the Lord that they may feed Lie doun none make them afraid Zeph. 3. 12 13. that the poor of the flock that wait on Him may know that it is the Word of the Lord Zech. 11. 11. they will lay out themselves to strengthen their hands This is the Work of the publick spirited Lovers of the Gospel which hath been and yet is the great work of this our day to carry the Gospel and follow it and keep it up through the Land as the Standart of Christ against all opposition from mountain to hill when now Zion hath been Labouring to bring forth as a woman in travel and made to go forth out of the City and to dwell in the field Mic. 4. 10. Therefore seeing it is the publick Work of the day and all its followers must have such a publick spirit it followes that the Meetings to promote it must be as publick as is possible 4. The Interest priviledge of the Gospel to have it in freedom purty power plenty is the publick Concern of all the Lords people preferable to all other Interests and therefore more publickly peremptorly and zealously to be contended for than any other Interest whatsoever It is the Glory of the Land 1 Sam. 4. 21. without which Ichabod may be the name of every thing and every Land though never so pleasant will be but a dry parched Land where no water is in the esteem of them that have seen the Lords Glory power in the Sanctuary Psal. 63. 1. Where as its name is Hephzibah Beulah Isai. 62. 4. and Iehovah-Shammah Ezek. 48. ult where God is enjoyed in His Gospel Ordinances And the want reproach of the Solemn Assemblies is a matter of the saddest mourning to the Lords people Zeph. 3. 18. Therefore while the Ark abode in Kerjath-jearim the time was thought very Long and all the house of Israel Lamented after the Lord 1 Sam. 7. 2. then they heard of it at Ephratah and found it in the fields of the Wood Psal. 132. 6. But it hath been longer than twenty years in our fields of the Woods and therefore we should be Lamenting after it with greater concernedness especially remembering how we were priviledged with the Gospel which was somtimes publickly embraced countenanced by Authority and ensured to us by Laws Statutes Declarations Proclamations Oaths Vowes Covenant-engagments whereby the Land was dedicated devoted unto the Son of God whose Conquest it was And now are not all the people of God obliged to do what they can to hinder the recalling of this dedication and the giving up of the Land as an offering unto Satan Antichrist And how shall this be but by a publick Contending for this priviledge and a resolving they shall sooner bereave us of our hearts blood than of the Gospel in its freedom purity But this we cannot contend for publickly if our Meetings be not publick 5. The nature business of the Gospel Ministrie is such that it obliges them that exercise it to endeavour all publickness without which they cannot discharge the extent of their Instructions their very names titles do insinuate so much They are Witnesses for Christ and therefore their Testimony should be publick though their Lot oftentimes be to Witness in Sackcloth They are Heraulds and therefore they should Proclaim their Masters Will though their Lot be often to be a voice crying in the Wilderness as Iohn the Baptist was in his field Preachings They are Ambassadours and therefore they should maintain their Masters Majestie in the Publick port of His Ambassadours and be wholly taken up about their Soveraigns business They are Watchmen and therefore they should keep maintain their post their Masters hath placed them at Nay they are Lights Candles and therefore cannot be hid Math. 5. 14 15. The Commands Instructions given them infer the necâ—ssity of this They must cry aloud and not spare and left up their voice like a Trumpet and shew the Lords People their transgressions sins Isai. 58. 1. They are Watchmen upon Ierusalems walls which must not hold their peace day nor night nor keep silence nor give the Lord rest till He establish and till He make Ierusalem a praise in the earth Isai. 62. 6 7. They are Watchmen that must command all to hearken to the sound of the Trumpet Ier. 6. 17. They must be valiant for the Truth upon the earth Ier. 9. 3. They must say thus saith the Lord even to a rebellious Nation whether they will hear or forbear and not be afraid of them Ezek. 2. 5 6. They must cause the people to know their abominations Ezek. 16. 2. and the abominations of their Fathers Ezek. 20. 4. And what their Master tells them in darkness that they must speak in the Light and what they hear in the ear that they must Preach upon the house tops Math 10. 27. These things cannot be done in a Clandestine way And therefore now when there is so much necessity it is the duty of all faithful Ministers to be laying out themselves to the utmost in their Pastoral function for the suppreffing of all the evils of the time not withstanding of any prohibition to the contrary in the most publick manner according to the examples of all the faithful servants of the Lord both in the Old New Testaments Though it be most impiously Tyrannically interdicted yet the Laws of God stand unrepealed and therefore all who have a Trumpet a Mouth should set the Trumpet to their Mouth and sound a certain sound not in secret for that will not alarme the people but in in the most publick manner they can have access to And it is the duty of all to come hear obey their Warnings Witnessings command who will the contrary It was for mocking despising His Words misusing His Prophets that the wrath of the Lord arose against His people the Iewes until there was no remedy 2 Chron. 36 16. Therefore from all that is said it must be Concluded that Meetings for Gospel Ordinances must be as publick as can be And if so then that they should be in houses safety will not permit to us to go to the streets or Mercat places neither safety nor prudence will admit Therefore we must go to the fields with it cost what it will. 4. Seeing then there must be Meettngs publick Meetings And seeing we cannot and dare not in Conscience countenance the Curats Meetings we must hear oune embrace follow such faithful Ministers as are cloathed with Christ Commission Righteousness salvation and do keep the Words of the Lords patience and the Testimony of the Church of Scotland in particular This I think will not or dare not be denyed by any that oune the Authority of Christ which none can deny or instruct the contrary
private houses or in the fields because of the opposition of His Doctrine by the Iewish Teachers who had appointed that any who ouned Him should be excommunicate And therefore in the like case at it is now His Servants may imitate their Master for though all Christs Actions are not imitable such as these of His Divine Power and the Actions of His Divine Prerogative as His taking of the ass without the ouners liberty and the Actings oâ— His Mediatory Prerogative which He did as Mediator but all His Gracious Actions and Moral upon Moral grounds and Relative upon the grounds of Relative Duties are not only imitable but the perfect Pattern of imitation Therefore that superstitious ridiculous Cavil that such Meetings in fields or houses are Conventickles gathering separate Congregations is not worth the taking notice of for this would reflect upon Christs and His Apostles wâ—y of preaching and the constant method of propogating the Gospel in times of persecution in all ages â—ince which hath alwayes been by that way which they call keeping of Conventickles It s absurd to say it is a gathering of separate Congregations it is only a searching or seeking after the Lords sheep that are made to wander through all the Mountains and upon every 〈…〉 and 〈…〉 which is scattered by corrupt Sheephâ—â—â— and the cruelty of the beasts of the field Ezek. 34. 5 6. and preaching to all who will come hear the Word of Truth in such places where they may get it done most safely and may be most free from distraction trouble of their enemies who are waiting to find them out that they may hail them to Prisons or kill them 8. As for the Circumstance of the Time that is specially alledged to be unseasonable especially when there is a litle breathing and some relaxation from the heat of Persecution to break the peace and awaken sleeping Dogs by such irritating Courses is thought not consistent with Christian prudence This is the old pretence of them that were at ease and preferred that to duty But as we know no peace at this time but a peace of Confederacy with the enemies of God which we desire not to partake of and know of no relaxation of Persecution against such as continue to witness against them So let what hath been said above in the 3. Hypothesis of the necessâ—ty of publickness in our Meetings at such a time as this is be considered And let the Scripture be consulted and it will appear not only that in preaching the Gospel there must be a Witness Testimony kept up as is proved above and not only that Ministers must preach the Word and be instant in season out of season 2 Tim. 4. 2. But that such a time as this is the very Season of a Testimony For in the Scripture we find that Testimonies are to be given in these Seasons especially 1. When the enemies of God beginning to relent from their stiffness severity would compound with His Witnesses and give them some Liberty but not total as Pharaoh would let the Children of Israel go but stay their flocks And now our Pharaoh will give some Liberty to serve God but with a Reservation of that part of the matter of it that nothing be said to alienate the hearts of the Subjects from his arbitrary Government But Moses thought it then a season to testifie though the bondage of the people should be thereby continued that there should not a hoof be left behind for sayes he we know not with what we must serve the Lord until we câ—me 〈◊〉 Exod. 10. 24 25 26. So must we Testify for eveâ—â— closly the Interest of Christ this day 2. When there to â—lâ—ration of Idolatry and Confederacy with Idolaters and suspending the execution of penal Lawes against them or pardoning of those that should be punished In such a season as this that Messenger that came from Gilgal gave his Testimony at Bochim against their toleration of Idolatrous Altars and Confederacy with the Canaanites Iudg. 2. 1 2. He is called an Angel indeed but he was only such an one as Ministers are who are called so Rev. 2. 1. for Heavenly Spirits have brought a Heavenly Message to particular persons but never to the whole people the Lord hath committed such a treasure to earthen Vessels 2 Cor. 4. 7. and this came from Gilgal not from Heaven So the Man of God testified against Eâ—i for his toleration of wicked Priests thô they were his oun Sons 1 Sam. 2. 2â— c. So Samuel witnessed against Saul for his toleration indemnity granted to Agag 1 Sam. 15. 23. So the Prophet against Ahab for sparing Benhadad 1 King. 20. 42. The Angel of Ephesus is commended for this and he of pergamus and he of Thyatira is condemned for omitting this Testimony and allowing a toleration of the Nicolaitans Iezebel Revel 2. 2 14 20. In such a Case of universal Complyance with these things and the peoples indulging themselves under the shadow of the protection of such a Confederacy the Servants of the Lord that fear Him must not say a Confederacy tho they should be accounted for signs wonders in Israel Isai. 8. 12 13 18. But now Idolatrous Mass-Altars are set up none thrown doun penal Statutes against Papists are stopt disabled and the Generality of Ministers are Congratulating saying a Confederacy in their Addresses for the same 3. When the Universal Apostacy is come to such a hight that error is prevailing and few syding themselves in an avowed opposition against it as Elijah chose that time when the people were halting between two opinions 1 King. 18. 21. And generally all the Prophets Servants of Christ consulted alwayes the peoples necessity for the timing of their Testimonies And was there ever greater necessity than now when Poperie is coming in like a flood 4. 〈…〉 men are chief in power as when Haman was 〈◊〉 Mordecai would not give him one bowe though all 〈◊〉 people of God should be endangered by such a provocation Esther 3. 2. And when Tyrants Usurpers are set up without the Lords approbation then they that have the Lords Trumpet should set it to their mouth Hos. 8. 1 4. Is not this the case now 5. When upon the account of this their Testimony the Lords people are in greatest danger and enemies design to Massacre them then if they altogither hold their peace at such a time there shall enlargment deliverance arise another way but they and their fathers house shall be destroyed who are silent then as Mordecai said to Esther Est 4. 14. And who knowes not the cruel designs of the Papists now 6. When iniquity is Universally abounding and hypocrisie among Professors then the Servants of the Lord must cry aloud not spare Isai. 58. 1. as the â—ase is this day 7. When the Concern of Truth a 〈…〉 Glory of God is not so illustriously vindicated as He gives us to expect
time And the success of that Resistence for overcoming necessarly supposes Resistence Hence where there is a promise of success at last to a peoples Conflicts against prevailing Tyrannie there is implied an Approbation of the duty and also a promise of its performance wrapped up in that promise But here is a promise c. Ergo 2. In that Threatening against Tyrants shewing how they shall be thrust away burnt up with fire there is couched a promise and also an implyed Precept of Resisting them 2 Sam 23. 6. The Sons of Belial shall be all of them as thorns thrust away with hands fenced with iron c. which clearly implies Resistence and more than that Rejection Repression Hence If it be threatened as a Curse against Rulers of Belial and promised as a Blessing that they shall be so roughly handled then this implies a duty to resist them who cannot be otherwayes taken But here this is threatened c. 3. When the Lord shall have mercy on Iacob choose Israel It is promised Isai. 14. 2 3. that they shall take them Captives whose Captives they were And they shall rule over their Oppressors This necessarly implies infers a Promise of Resistence against these Oppressing Rulers in the time off their Domineering as well as revenge after their yoke should be broken And some thing of mens action as wel as Gods Judgement in breaking that yoke for they could not take them Captives nor Rule over them except first they had resisted them whose Captives they were There is Resisting of the Supreme Power subjection whereunto was the bondage wherein they were made to serve Hence If it be promised that a Captivated subjugated people shall break the yoke free themselves of the bondage of them that had them in subjection then it is promised in that case they must resist the Supreme Powers for such were they whose Captives they were The Antecedent is here express 4. There are promises that the Lords people when those that rule over them are incensed against the Holy Covenant and when many of their Brethren that should concur with them shall be frighted from their duty by fear o r corrupted with flatterie shall be made strong to do exploits thô in such Enterprizes they may want success for some time and fall by the sword flame and by captivity spoyl many dayes Dan. 11. 30-34 Which is very near Paralel to the case of the Covenanted people of Scotland their appearing in Defensive exploits against their Covenant-breaking Rulers these many years bygone This was very eminently fulfilled in the Historie of the Maccabees before râ—hearsed Hence If it be promised that a people shall be strong to do exploits in Resisting the Armes of their Rulers opposing their Covenant and overturning their Religion Liberties Then it must be approven that such a Resistence is Lawful even thô it want success But this is here promised To the same purpose it is promised that after the Lords people have been long kept as Prisoners under the bondage of Oppressing Rulers they shall by a vigorous Resistence be saved from their Tyrannie Zech. 9. 13-17 when the Lord shall bend Iudah for him and raise up Zions Sons against the Sons of Greece So it was in their Resistences victories against the Successors of Alexander who had the rule over them for a time And so it may be again when the Lord shall so bend His people for Him. Hence If the Lord promises to fit Spirit His people for Action against their Oppressing Rulers and to Crown their Atchievements when so fited Spirited with Glorious success Then it is their duty and also their honour to Resist them But here that is plainly promised 5. There are promises of the Lords making use of His people and strengthening them to break in pieces the power of His their Enemies and His defending maintaining them against all their power projects when they think most to prevail over them As is promised in the threatened Catastrophe of the Babylonian Usurpation Ier. 51. 20-24 Thow art sayes He to Israel of whom He speaks as the rod of His Inheritance in the preceeding verse my battle ax weapons of war and with thee will I break in pieces c. Whensoever this hath been or shall be accomplished as it may relate to the vengeance to be execute upon the New Testament Babylon it clearly implies their breaking in pieces Powers that were Supreme over them Hence If the Lord will make use of His peoples vindictive Armes against Babylon ruling over them then He will Justifie their Defensive Armes against Babylon Oppressing them Here it is promised c. So Mic. 4 11. to the end Many Nations shall be gathered to defile look upon Zion and then the Lord shall give Allowance Commission to His people to arise thresh c. What time the accomplishment of this is referred to is not my concern to inquire It seems to look to the New Testament times wherein the Lords people shall be first in great straits and then enlarged But to restrict it to the Spiritual Conquest over the Nations by the Ministrie of the Word thô I will not deny but that may be included seems too great a straitening of the Scope and not so apposite to the Expressions which certainly seem to import some forcible action of men and more than the Peaceable Propagation of the Gospel It is usually referred to the latter dayes of that Dispensation when both the Iewish Gentile Zion shall be totally finally delivered from Babylon or Antichristian Tyrannie before or about which Period the Enemies of Christ and of His people shall attempt their Ultimus Conatus to destroy the Church groaning under their bondage but when they are all well mustered in a General Randezvous the Lords people shall have a gallant game at the chase But whensoever the time be of fulfilling the promise it ensures to the people of God the success of their Defensive Armes against them that pretended a Domination over them And it looks to a time when they should have no Rulers of their oun but them under whose subjection they had been long groaning and now brought to a very low pass yet here they should not only resist but thresh them Hence If in the latter dayes the people of God are to be honoured and acted forth with such a Spirit Capacity to thresh beat doun these powers under which they have been long groaning Then when the Lord puts them in such Capacity to attempt it they should be ambitious of such a honour But here it is promised c. The same may be inferred from the Prophets vision Zech. 1. 19 20. He sees four Carpenters Resisting the four hornes the hornes scattered Iudah so that no man did lift up his head but the Carpenters came to fray them to cast out the hornes of the Gentiles which lifted up their horn over
that cryed Crucifie Iesus were Murderers of Christ Or by procuring it as Haman was guilty of the intended murder of the Iewes Or Concurring therein as Ioab was guilty of Uriahs death as well as David and Iudas of Christs by betraying him Or by the Patrocinie thereof defending sparing the Murderers when called by Office to punish them as David was guilty in not punishing Ioab Ahab in patronizing the Murder of Naboth Or by Consenting thereunto as Saul consented to the death of Stephen or by knowing permitting conniving at it as is condemned Prov. 24. 11 12. Whether this be done under colour of Law as Pilate Murdered our Lord Herod killed Iames or without all colour by Absolute power as Herod the Ascalonite murdered the Infants or whether it be done by purpose as Ioab murdered Abner Amasa or without previous purpose yet with knowledge of the Action in the perpetrating of it as men may do in passion when provoked beside their purpose or in a Tumult without intending it before hand yet that is Murder Barabas committed Murder in the Insurection For as for Casual killing contrary to intention without knowledge that 's no breach of the Command And whatever may be said of necessitated delivering up the Innocent pursued by a potent Enemy to deliver the City from his fury or of prefering our oun life to our innocent neighbour in a case when both cannot be preserved and by preserving the one Lawfully the other happens to lose his life I do not medle with these Cases But since this is taken for granted by Casuists I infer if it be Lawful that an innocent man die in case of necessity that others may be preserved Then much more is it Lawful that the nocent wo are guilty of murdering the Righteous all these wayes above specified and actually prosecuting their murdering designs by these methods should rather be made to die than the Righteous be destroyed But of this sort of Murder taking away the life of the Righteous none hath the impudence to accuse that Reproached people 2. Thô a man kill an innocent unwittingly unwillingly besides his knowledge and against his will yet he may be guilty of sinful homicide if he was obliged to know that he was in hazard of it and neglected to consider lest a man might be killed by what he was doing as if a man should shoot at random when he doth not know but some may be killed thereby or if one were hewing with an axe which he either knew or might have known to be loose and the head not well fastened to the helve did not advertise those about him of it if by flying off it happened to kill any person he were not innocent but if he knew not without any inadvertency then he were guiltless Deut. 19. 5. See Durham on 6. Com. So if a man built a house without battlements he should bring blood upon his house if any man fell from thence Deut. 22. 8. But of this the question is not 3. Thô a person be not altogether innocent nor to be reckoned among the Rigtheous but suppose him wicked profane and engaged in an evil Course dishonourable to God prejudicial to the Church Kingdom and very injurious to us Yet it may be Murder to kill him if he be not guilty of Crimes that deserve death by the Law of God for the life of man is not subjected to the arbitrement of any but His who is the Author of life death It s necessary to all to obey the Law Thow shalt not kill without exception but such killing as is approven by the Author of the Law as saith Amesâ—de Consciencia cap 31. quest 2 Hence this people so much reproached with extravagant Actions do abundantly clear themselves of that imputation of being of the mind to kill all that differ from them which was the impudent forgerie of the father of lies in their Informatory Vindication Head. 2. Pag. 54. We positively disoune say they as horrid Murder the killing of any because of a different perswasion or opinion from us albeit some have invidiously cast this odious Calumny upon us And it is as clear they that took the Oath of Abjuration swore a lie when they abjured the Apologetical Declaration in so far as it asserted it was Lawful to kill all imployed in the Kings service when it asserted no such thing as is shewed above Head. 3. To think so much let be to declare it far more to practise such a thing against all that served the King or any meerly because they served him or because they are in a wicked Course or because they have oppressed us were abominable for these things simply do not make men guilty of death to be punished Capitally by men according to the Law of God. But when they are stated in such opposition to us and serve the Tyrants Murdering Mandats by all those wayes above specified then we may by the Law of God and Nature and Nations destroy slay and cause to perish and avenge our selves on them that would assault us and are seeking our destruction as it was Lawful for the Iewes to do with Hamans Emissaries Esther 8. 11 13. 9. 1 2 5. This Charge then cannot reach the Case 4. Thô Murderers and such as are guilty of death by the Law of God must be punished by death for he that sheddeth mans blood by man must his blood be shed Yet it may be Murder for a man to kill another because he thought him so Criminal and because he thought it his duty being moved by a pretended Enthusiastical Impulse in imitation of the extraordinary Actions of such as were really moved by the Spirit of God. As when Iames Iohn would have commanded fire to come doun to consume the Samaritans the Lord rebuked them saying ye know not what manner of Spirit ye are of for the Son of man is not come to destroy mens lives but to save them Luk. 9. 54-56 Such impulses had need to be well examined for ordinarly they will be found not consistent with a Gospel Spirit which is alwayes averse from act of Cruelty Blind zeal sometimes may incite men to fearful work yea the persecuters have often most of that Spirit as our Lord foretells the time cometh that whosoever killeth yow shall think that â—e doth God service Iohn 16. 2. Paul in his Pharisaical zeal breathed out slaughter against the disciples And Satan can drive men under several colours to act such things as he did the Bours in Germany and Iohn of Leyden and his followers whose practices are deservedly detested by all that have any spark of Christianity or humanity for if this were espoused as a Principle there would be no security for mens lives But hence it cannot be concluded that God may not animate some to some rare Enterprises for the cutting off of Tyrants and their bloody Emissaries Incendiaries Destroyers of innocent people and puting an end to and
the nail into his temples Iudg. 4. 21. Of which the Prophetess Deborah sayes chap. 5. 24. blessed above wemen shall Iael the wife of Heber the Kenite be blessed shall she be above women in the tent Yet not only was Iael no Magistrate but in subjection to at peace with Iabin thô she killed his Captain But nulla hic erat inâ—ustitia cum declaratus esset hostis publicuâ— justum erat Bellum Oppressor erat Populi Dei debebat Iael quasi membrum reipublicae communem hostem prodere perdere Itaque peccasset Iahel si eum non occidisset Martyr alâ—i cirati in Pool Synops. Critic in Locum Albeit that Author himself in his English Annotations does cut the knot in stead of loosing it in denying Deborahs Song to be Divinely inspired in its first composure but only recorded as a History by Divine inspiration as other Historical Passages not approven only because this Heroick fact of Iael is there commended which is too bold an attempt upon this part of the holy Canon of the Scripture Whence we see what inconveniences they are driven to that deny this principle of natural Justice the Lawfulness of cutting off publick Enemies to procure the Deliverance of the Lords people Hence if it be Lawful for private persons under subjection to and at peace with the publick Enemies of the Lords people to take all advantages to break their yoke and deliver the oppressed from their bondage by killing their Oppressors it must be much more Lawful for such as acknowledge no such subjection nor aggreement to attempt the same in extreame necessity But the former is true Therefor the later 5. When Samson married the Timnite and obliged himself by compact to give them thirty sheets and thirty change of garmentts upon their solving his riddle The Spirit of the Lord came upon him and he went doun to Aâ—hkelon and slew thirty men of them and took their Spoyl Iud. 14. 19. And afterwards when he lost his wife by the crueltie treacherie of those Philistines he said unto them Though yow have done this yet will I be avenged of yow and after that I will cease and he smote them hip thigh with a great slaughter chap. 15. 7 8. And wen the Iewes who acknowledged the Philistims for Rulers 〈◊〉 to Etâ—m to expostulate with him all the satisfaction he gave them was to avouch that as they did unto him so he had done unto themâ— and to kill a thousand more of them vers 11. c. These were extraordinary Heroick facts not only because they flowed from an extraordinary power wherewith he was endued and from an extraordinary Motion Call but because of his avenging his oun private injuries for the publick good in a way both of fortitude prudence without a declared war provoking the enemies against himself and diverting from the people and converting against himself all their fury in which also he acted as a Type of Christ and also because he acted not as a Magistrate at this time for by whom was he called or counted a Magistrate not by the Philistines nor by the men of Iudah for they tell him that the Philistines were their Lords and they bound him and delivered him up to them Yet in his private Capacity in that extraordinary exigence he avenged himself and his Country against his publick enemies by a Clandestine war which is imitable in the like case when a prevailing faction of Murdering enemies domineer over destroy the people of God and there is no other way to be delivered from them for his ground was Moral because they were publick enemis to whom he might do as they did to him Hence If Saints sometimes in cases of necessity may do unto their publick enemies as they have done unto them in prosecuting a war not declared against them then much more may they do so in cases of necessity to deliver themselves from their Murdering violence when a war is declared But here is an example of the former Ergo 6. When these same Philistims again invaded and overran the Land in the time of Saul Ionathan his son and his Armour-bearer fell upon the Garrison of these uncircumcised and killed them 1 Sam. 14. 6 13. This was an Heroick Action without publick Authority for he told not his father vers 1. And singular indeed in respect of the effect and were a tempting of the Lord for so few to assault such a multitude as it were to imitate Samsâ—n in his Exploits but in this respect these Actions are only unimitable in consideration of prudence not of Conscience or as to the Lawfulness of the thing their ground was Moral to cut off publick enemies Hence If it be Lawful to fall upon a Garrison of publick enemies oppressing the Country then it must be Lawful to fall upon one or two that are the Ring-leaders of publick Enemies and main promoters of their destruction that are as pernicious and have no more right or power than the Philistims But such is the Case of those about whom the question is 7. When David dwelt in the Country of the Philistims he and his men went up invaded the Gesharites and the Gezrites and the Amalekites And David smote the Land and left neither man nor woman alive 1 Sam. 27. 8 9. This was without publick Authority having none from Saul none from Achish in whose Country he dwelt and none of his oun being no Magistrate We deny not the Divine motion but plead that it is imitable from its Moral ground which was that Command to cut off the Amalekites Exod. 17. and the Amorites whose relicts these Nations were the same Ground that Saul the Magistrate had to destroy them Whence it is Lawful sometimes for others than Magistrates to do that which is incumbent to Magistrates when they neglect their duty All I plead for from it is If it be Lawful for private persons upon the Call of God to cut off their publick enemies when they are obliged by the Command of God to destroy them thô they be living quietly peacably in the Country then may it be Lawful in cases of necessity for private persons to cut off their publick enemies whom they are obliged by the Covenant of God to bring to condign punishment and to exstirpate them as the Covenant obliges in reference to Malignant Incendiaries when they are ravening like Lyons for their prey 8. In the dayes of Ahab Iezebels Tyranny whereby the Idolatrous Prophets of Baal were not punished according to the Law Elijah said unto the people take the Prophets of Baal let none of them escape and they took them to the brook Kishon slew them there 1 King. 18. 40. How Mr Knox improved this passage we heard before in the Historical Representation Per. 3. And Ius Pop vindicates it that in some cases private persons may execute Judgement on Malefactors after the example of Elias here Which fact Peter Martyr in
Gospel destruction of many poor Souls But through the ignorance neglect of this Duty of trying whom we should hear by seeking some satisfieing evidence of their being cloathed with Authority from Christ the world hath been left louse in a Licence to hear what they pleased and so have received the Poison of error from Monte banks instead of the true wholesome Potions of Christs Prescripts from them that had Power skill to administer them Hence the many Sects Schismes errors that have Pestered the Church in all ages have in a great measure proceeded from this latitude laxness of Promiscous hearing of all whom they pleased whom either the worlds Authority impowered or by other means were possessed of the place of Preaching without taking any Cognizance whether they had the Characters of Christs Ambassadours or not If this had been observed and People had scrupled refused to hear these whom they might know should not have Preached neither the Great Antichrist nor the many lesser Antichrists would have had such footing in the world as they have this day It is then of no small Consequence to have this Question cleared Neither is it of small difficulty to solve the intricacies of it what Characters to fix for a discovery of Christs true Ministers whom we should submit to obey in the Lord and Love esteem them for their Works sake and for their qualities sake as standing in Christs stead having the dispensation of the word of Reconciliation committed to them And how we may discern those Characters what judgment is incumbent to private Christians for the satisfaction of theiroun Consciences in the Case And how they ought to demean themselves in their practice with out Scandal on either hand or sin against their oun Conscience how to avoid the rocks Extremes that inadvertency or precipitancy in this matter may rush upon So as to escape sail by the Scylla of sinful Separation on the one hand and the Charybdis of sinful union Communion on the other which are equally dangerous especially how these Cautions are to be managed in a broken and disturbed divided Case of the Church The Question also is the more difficult that as it was never so much questioned before this time and never so much sought to be obscured by the perverse disputings of men of corrupt minds to find out evasions to cover sin escape sufferings upon this account So it hath never been discussed by Divines either at home or abroad with relation to our Case except what hath been of late by some faithful men who have suffered upon this head from whom I shall gather the most of my Arguments in as Compendious a way as I can without wronging them The reason I fancy that we are at such a loss in our helps from the Learned on this head is partly that they have written with relation to their oun times in a Constitute Case of the Church when Corruptions disorders might be orderly rectified and people might have access to get their scruples removed in a Legal way by Church-order in which case the Learned Judicious Mr Durham hath written excellently in his book on Scandal but therein neither he nor others did consult nor could have a prospect of such a case as ours is And partly that forreign Divines not having this for their exercise could not be acquainted with our circumstantiate case and so are not fit nor Competent Arbiters to decide this Contraversie hence many of them do wonder at our sufferings upon this head Every Church is best acquainted with her oun Testimony Yet we want not the suffrage of some of the Learnedst of them as the Great Gisb. Voetius in his Polit Eccles. in several places comes near to favour us where he allowes People to leave some hear such Ministers as they profit most by from these grounds that people should chuse the best most edifying gifts and from that scripture 1 Thess. 5. 21. Prove all things c. and answers objections to the contrare and granteth that upon several occasions one may abstain from explicite Communion with a Corrupt Church for these reasons that such Communion is not absolutely necessary Necessitate either Medii or Precepti where the Christian shall have more peace of Conscience and free exercise of Christian Duties elswhere And that he may keep Communion with more Purity in other places Polit. Ecces Quest. 17. Pag. 68. And he approves of People refusing to bring their Children to be baptized by such Corrupt Ministers because they may wait until they have occasion of a Minister for if the best gifts be to be Coveted why should not the best Ministers be preferred and why should not Christians shew by their deeds that they honour such as fear the Lord contemn a vile Person They ought not to partake of other mens sins 1 Cor. 5. 9. 11. Eph. 5. 11. They should not strengthen the hands of the wicked and make sad the Godly The Authority of such Ministers should not be strengthened Voet. Polit Eccles. Pag. 637. to 640. But though it labour under all these disadvantages yet it is not the less but so much the rather necessary to say somwhat to clear it with dependance upon light from the Fountain and with the help of those faithful men who hath sufficiently cleared it up to all that have a Conscience not blinded or bribed with some prejudices by which more light hath accrued to the Church in this point of withdrawing from Corrupt Ministers 〈◊〉 ever was attained in former times which is all the good we have got of Prelacy In so much that I might spare labour in adding any thing were it not that I would make the Arguments vindicating this Cause of suffering alitle more publick and take occasion to shew that the grounds espoused by the Present reproached party for their withdrawings so far as they are stretched are no other than have been ouned by our writers on this head to the intent it may appear there is no Discrepancy but great likness harmony between the Arguments Grounds of withdrawing in the late Informatorie Vindication c. and those that are found in other writings And so much the rather I think it needful to touch this subject now that not only this hath been the first ground of our sufferings but many that suffered a while for it now have fainted and condemned all their former Contendings for this Part of the Testimony calling in question all these reasons that formerly satisfied ' them But to proceed with some distinctness in this thorny point Some Concessory Assertions must first be premitted And then Our Grounds Propounded First I willingly yeeld to Cordially close with the Truth of these Assertions I. The Unity of the Spirit in the bond of Peace ought to be the Endeavour of all that are members of the One Body of Christ Partakers of his One Spirit