man shewes his displeasure against sinne by punishing the instruments and occasions of it Acts 19.19 Acts 19.19 they that used curious arts brought their bookes and burnt them before all men So we reade of Câ—aâ—er that thrust that hand first into the fire which had subscribed the Popish Articles So that godly sorrow may be discerned by this traine of graces wherewith it is accompanied that worldly sorrow wants at least in the truth of them though it may have some shadowes of them Vse That we doe not content our selves to have sorrow for sinne but labour to finde out whether it be a godly sorrow or not by these marks we may grow to some resolution to discover to ourselves that we be not mistaken in some legall affrightments or worldly griefes in stead of godly sorrow which is a speciall part of repentance Looke what is that which â—ets our sorrow on worke whether it be the terrible nature of Gods judgements or the experience of his fatherly mercies Consider of what continuance our sorrow is whether of affecting naâ—ure or more permanent such as dwels with us and doth not onely lodge with us for a night Looke whether it be indifferently as well for sinnes secret as open what thou findest to be thy best cordials to comfort thee whether Gods word or naturall meanes but of all advisedly consider whether thy sorrow be attended with the forenamed carefulnesse clearing of thy selfe indignation feare vehement desires zeale revenge accordingly thou mayest be comforted in thy mourning or discouraged in respect of thy estate The third grace that enstates a man in the state of grace is change of minde Quest What is it Answ It is a worke of the spirit whereby the image of God is repaired in us flowing from a hatred of sinne and love of righteousnesse It is a worke of the spirit for so those that are thus changed are said to be borne of the spirit Iohn 3.5 Iohn 3.5 By the image of God I understand that conformity and agreement which is betwixt Gods law and the faculties of the reasonable creature consisting in righteousnesse and true holinesse Eph. 4. Eph. 4. this is said to be repaired for that being defaced in the fall of Adam it is in part restored againe so as those who are thus changed are said to be new creatures to have a new spirit put into them I say further it flowes from a hatred of sinne and love of righteousnesse to difference it from those purposes that are wrung from men in respect of some grievous hand of God upon them by the smart of the rod by the feare of punishment onely So that a man that would prove himselfe whether his minde be changed must consider whether the spirit of grace hath so altered the powers and faculties of soule and body so as they are content to be subject to the law of God renouncing their former ungodlinesse Quest What is the least measure of this change Answ A setled and a constant purpose flowing from a hatred of sinne and love of righteousnesse whereby the heart resolves to repent to become obedient to God and to eschew his owne sinfull wayes this is the least measure of this change whereunto if a man do not attaine he is not changed Now this setling and disposing of the heart to the wayes of God to be the forme and life of a changed estate it appeares in that Gods children are deciphered by it Acts 11. Acts 11. that they with purpose of heart cleave unto the LORD 2 Chron. 20.3 2 Chron. 20.3 Iehosaphat set himselfe to seeke the Lord Psal 119.57 I have determined to keepe thy ward A constant purpose to be changed is in Gods acceptation as also in its owne nature a change that argues a man in the state of grace for if it be the fruits of a mans corrupt nature not to have so much as a desire or will that enclines to this change but even wholly averse and untoward then surely for a man to see so much of his owne misery and to be perswaded so far of the good estate of him that is changed as unfeignedly to purpose a change it must needs be the proper worke of the spirit Luke 15. In the Prodigall sonne the very purpose of a change is both accepted and commended as the change it selfe Markes Markes of this change otherwise called regeneration or new birth First Mark That it is to tall a whole change casting a new forme upon soule and body the whole man for as the corruption did over spread all the powers of man so in the restauration the spirit of grace is as large in repairing as sinne was in defacing whence the man thus renued is called a new man a new creature is said to arise from the dead and accordingly the Scripture makes it a worke of the whole man 1 Thes 5.23 1 Thes 5.23 The God of peace sanctifie you throughout this is expressed to be the whole spirit soule and body The minde must be changed Col. 3.9 12. The will Iohn 8.47 Col. 3.9 12. Iohn 8.47 affections Col. 3. Memory Psal 119. Conscience all sanctified more or lesse The kingdome of heaven that is the worke of grace is compared to leaven in regard of its diffusive and spreading nature it alters the whole lumpe Matth. 13. Matth. 13. hence the work of grace is set out by a comparison from the light for as that according to the measure of it enlightens all the house at once not first one place of it and then another so is it in the renewing of the soule it receives the spirit of grace into every part with one act of the spirit To conclude therefore looke as the oyntment that was poured on Aarons head ranne downe even to the skirt of his garments so the holy annointing with the oyle of grace drencheth even the lowest and basest parts of soule and body working in them a change of grace Second Marke That it enableth us by faith in Gods word to overcome the world makes the man in whom it is a Conquerour so as he gets the victory over the corrupt lusts of his owne heart and the enticements that come from the world or the devill 1 Iohn 5.4 All that is borne of God overcomes the world So then a speciall property of him that is changed is that he hath strength infused into him wherby he withstands sinfull motions in the heart fashions not himselfe to the world resists the devill By our naturall condition we are servants to our corrupt hearts they have an entire command over us so as we both obey them and have no power to doe otherwise Now where the spirit worketh this change there sinne raignes no longer so as we should obey it in the lusts thereof neither doe we give our members as weapons of unrighteousnesse unto sin but we give our selves unto God as they that are alive from the dead Rom. 6.12 13.
in the end prove as those Brookes that Iob speakes of that faile men when they have most need of water 2 The Lord doth of all other services reject this formall righteousnesse Psalme 50.8 Psal 50.8 Isa 1.14 Isa 1.14 My soule hates your new Moones and your appointed feastâ— they are a burthen to me I am weary of them verse 13. Incense is an abhomination to mee c. Who will then goe about to make his heart beleeve that the outward usage of Gods ordinances will commend a man to God 3 It is among the sinnes of these times prophesied 2 Tim. 3.1.5 2 Sam. 3.1.5 that in the latter daies shall come men having a forme of godlinesse but not the power Now wee ought to be so much the more carefull to avoid it as we are more subject to it in regard of the prevailing of it in the age wherin we live 4 We must know that the end of all Gods ordinances is the renuing of Gods image in us the making of us new creatures the fashioning of our hearts to his will therefore we heare pray receive the Sacraments that wee may have the graces of faith and repentance stamped in our soules Now then when wee attaine not this benefit by them we lose all our duties the ordinances become as a dead letter the very sacrifice of fooles The third Harbour wherein the soule of man rests it selfe is Temporary Righteousnesse such a service of God as carries a goodly shew for the time but after vanisheth away Consider 1. What it is 2. The grounds of it 3. The deceits of it 4. The discovery 1. Temporary Righteousnesse is a work of the spirit whereby a man being enlightned to see the priviledges that are in Christ for a time rejoyceth in them yeeldeth some obedience to them yet afterward he utterly falls away It is a work of the spirit Heb. 6.4 Heb. 6.4 they that have it are said to bee partakers of the Holy Ghost Whereby a man is illightned to see the priviledges that are in Christ and rejoyceth in them Luke 8.13 Luke 8.13 the stony ground which represents the temporary professour receives the word with joy yeelds a measure of obedience Matth. 12 43. Matth. 12.43 the uncleane spirit is said to go out of a man for a time wherein the temporary Christian is understood now in the time wherein he departs the temporary Christian out of whom he goes yeelds some measure of obedience yet so as afterwards he falls away So the righteousnesse of temporaries is compared to the morning dew that vanisheth away with the Sunne and that this is his estate to fall away is insinuated Hebr. 6. Examples of this estate two more eminently known Saul of whom in the beginâ—ing of his raign we heare of many good actions his wisdom in his patient bearing with those wicked men that murmured against him 1 Sam. 10.27 1 Sam. 10.27 his humility in refusing to take the estate of a King upon him ver 22. his mercy in succouring the men of Iabesh Gilead Chap. 11. 1 Sam 11. his Iustice in puâ—ting downe the witches 1 Sam. 28.3 1 Sam. 28.3 and yet afterwards fearefully did hee fall away from God The other is the example of that famous hypocrite Iehu how zealous did he carry himselfe in rooting out the posterity of Ahab and how did he in all pretend the worke of the Lord how did he put to death all the Priests of Baal and brake all the Images yet dyes with this brand that he departed not from the sins of Ieroboam 2. Grounds 1. That these men were never truly engrafted into the Vine Christ Iesus they were never truly sodered and united into Christ as parts of his mysticall body whereof hee is the head and accordingly being never truly conjoyned unto him no marvell if in time they be drawn dry and become as branches unprofitable that which they doe is by a common influence of the spirit of God enabling them unto some duties wherby hee pleaseth to glorifie his name and as that whereby wee continue and persevere in the state of grace is our union and society with the Lord Iesus whereby we become one with him and none shall take us out of his hands so that which makes the fruit of the spirit to wither and come to nothing in us after a time is the want of this conjunction with Christ because the seed of God is not in us such are nourished not from the power which diffuseth it selfe from the head to the members but from some externall cause and worke of the spirit but out of the mysticall body of Christ 2. There is a dâ—fferent manner of receiving the word some receive it into the uppermost face of their hearts others so receive it that it sinkes more deepely into the soule takes a firme rooting with some their knowledge swimmes in their braine casts a reflexion upon the affections from the light that is in the understanding o hers are changed into their knowledge their knowledge doth exeâ—cise a commanding power over the faculties of soule and body Now this different manner of receiving of the word makes a difference betweene Professours of whom some hold out others fall away this is the difference betwixt the stony ground and the good earth Mat. 13. So that the reason why this righteousnesse fades and comes to nothing is that because it not being stamped deepe enough into the soule when temptations make an assault it is not of ability to resist 3 Deceits 1. He imagines himselfe in good case for that he can rejoyce in the word when he heares it Answer There is a threefold difference betwixt the joy of the temporary and the Elect in hearing the word The temporary rejoyceth in hearing of the glorious priviledges of the Christian estate being convicted of the goodnesse and excellency of them like as a man is affected with joy to behold with his eyes a Vine plentifully â—aden with grapes or a field of corne that is goodly to see to in regard of the large and plentifull crop though he have no part in it even such may be the joy of the temporary caused not from any perswasion of propriety and interest in the things but only from the glorious hiew and beauty of the things themselves But as for the elect of God their joy ariseth from an evidence of that assurance they have of their interest in them that they are peculiar to them and that they are within the promises 2. The joy of the temporary is a joy that ariseth from a slight taste that he hath of Gods mercies and the Christian prerogatives whereas the joy of the true converts springs from that good they finde even from a perfect nourishment that they receive finding themselves justified and sanctified by vertue of that they have gotten in the ministry of the word The Apostle in the words last spoken of the temporary professour Heb. 6. gives occasion of
earnest of our inheritance Ephes 1.14 Eph. 1.14 Yea the inheritance it selfe is called by the name of Adoption as Piscator observes Rom. 8.23 Rom. 8.23 for our Iustification restored to us is no more then Adam had before his fall But our Adoption advanceth us to an higher estate which Adam never had nor for ought we know had never promised him before his fall We passe now to the second point Doct. 2. That none are the children of God by Adoption but such as are so by Regeneration There are saith Augustine three sorts of adopted sons 1. There are saies he sons of God in our account which are not so in Gods Gen. 6.1 Genesis 6.1 The sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were faire and so are all false and counterfeit Christians which are Christians in name and title only not in deed and truth they are so in shadow and outward semblance and profession and yet but a counterfeit generation a bastardly brood Secondly There are some that are sonnes in regard of God but not in regard of us nor may so bee in regard of their owne esteeme neither and so are all the elect as yet uncalled and ungathered together as the Evangelist speakes Iohn 11.52 Iohn 11 52. they are for all that as Augustine sayes in their fathers role and predestinated to be adopted through Iesus Christ unto himselfe according to the purpose of his will Eph. 1.6 Eph. â— 6. as a man may purpose to adopt one and set him in his will though it be a long time ere it be knowne to the party so adopted 3. There are sonnes of God really that are already received into the family of God and actually incorporated into the body of Christ the former shall be but these are so already these are adopted and regenerated also and the son ship both by adoption and regeneration we shall find conjoyned Rom. 8.10 11. Rom. 8.10 11 where also hee makes one to argue the other This point also will appeare more evidently if we consider as before the ground and end of our Regeneration 1. The ground of our Regeneration as before of our Adoption is our union with Christ our head and this is wrought by faith on our part and by the spirit on Gods part First I say by faith on our part which is a most holy faith Iude ver 20. Iude 20. Tit. 1.1 Iam 2.19 to difference it from the faith of reprobates Tit. 1.1 and from the faith of devils Iam. 2.19 the one being holy the other unholy This faith of Gods Elect purifieth the heart Acts 15.9 and Act. 26.18 Acts 15.9 Acts 26.18 Eph. 3.17 Hereby Christ dwels in our hearts Ephes 3.17 and where he dwelleth there he moulds fashions frames and renues the heart there he makes a new Creature yea I may say a new Christ My little children of whom I travell in birth again untill Christ be formed in you saith the Apostle Gal. 4.19 Gal. 4.19 Secondly by the spirit on Gods part he that is joyned unto the Lord is one spirit 1 Cor. 6.17 1 Cor. 6.17 By which spirit it he knits and fastens us to Christ Gal. 2.20 Gal. 2.20 I live as the soule in the body yet not I but Christ liveth in me and the life that I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the sonne of God And marke what the Apostle saith excellently to this purpose Rom. 8.10 11. Rom. 8.10 11. Yee are not in the flesh but in the spirit because the spirit of God dwelleth in you and verse 10. If Christ be in you the body is dead because of sinne but the spirit is life for righteousnesse sake and ver 11. If the spirit of him that raised up Iesus from the dead dwell in you hee that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortall bodyes because of his spirit that dwelleth in you This is that seed of God which whosoever hath abiding in him hath the power of sinne quelled and subdued in him 1 Iohn 3.9 1 Ioh. 3.9 And unlesse yee be borne againe by water and the Holy Ghost saith our Saviour Iohn 3.5 Ioh. 3.5 Yee cannot enter into the kingdome of God The second thing that confirmes the point is the end of our Regeneration As the end of our Adoption is to give us a right and title to our heavenly inheritance so the end of this is to prepare and fit us for the same For unlesse we become new Creatures that place is not for us that is a pure and an holy place into the which no uncleane thing must enter Revel 21.27 Revel 21.27 If some beggarly roagne were taken up to attend upon some great man much more if to be the adopted son to a Prince he must be sâ—ript of all his ragges and washed and purified and even if it could be have a new heart put into him too as Saul had 1 Sam. 10.9 1 Sam. 10.9 and as Rehoboam took Abijah and set him to be ruler over the people and for â—hat purpose inscrâ—cted him that so he might demeâ—ne himselfe according to that state whereunto he was advanced so when we wretched and forlorne creatures are admitted not to be attendants only but to bee the sons and heyres of the King of â—eaven we should be stript of our naturall defilements and rid of our filthinesse Eph. 4.23 24. put off the old man Ephes 4.23.24 that so we may be fit to live with them which are holy as Acts 26.18 Acts 26.18 To have an inheritance among them that are sanctified without holinesse no man shall see God sayes the Apostle Heb. 12.14 Heb. 12.14 and except yee be borne againe saith our Saviour Iohn 3.3 Iohn 3.3 Ye cannot see the kingdome of God if wee cannot see God or his kingdome without holinesse much lesse can we enter into it and so we see the second point also proved Vse The Vse whereof serves first to informe us of the great dignity the honourable estate the wonderfull excellency of every true believer of every member of Christ so great and so high that the Apostle speakes not of it without admiration 1 Iohn 3.1 1 Iohn 3.1 Behold what love the Father hath shewed us in that we are called the sonnes of God And indeed it is a wonder that we can thinke of it without wondering When it was told David that he might be the Kings sonne in law what sayes David thinke you it a small matter to be the sonne in law to a King 1 Sam. 18.23 1 Sam. 18.23 How can we then thinke it a small thing to be not a sonne in law but an heire not to a mortall but to an immortall King the King of Kings How can wee but deeme it a speciall and unconceivable favour for us vile wretched wicked and miserable sinners dust and ashes silly wormes vessels of wrath and vassals
in their hearts so that the coherence stands on this manner if ye have bin effectually called to the state of grace by no other meanes then by my Ministery then notwithstanding the weakenesse of my flesh you must needs acknowledge mee a lawfull Minister of Iesus Christ But so it is that you have beene converted by my Ministery alone and brought to the estate wherein ye now are therefore ye must needs acknowledge me a lawfull Minister Now for the further proofe of this effâ—ct of his Ministery in them he wils them to consider whether they be in the faith or no. Wee have to consider here two things First what they must looke after in themselves viz. whether they be in the faith Secondly what they must doe that they may attaine to this knowledge viz. they must examine themselves By Faith synecdochically we are to understand all the graces or vertues which are mainly necessary to set a man in the state of grace one for all and this carries the bell away from all the rest all other graces springing from this as from a fountaine To be in the faith then is to bee effectually called to be partaker of the graces and vertues of Iesus Christ To prove this is by an experimentall tryall to make enquiry To examine is a word borrowed from Gold-smiths manner of tryall which they use which is of all other the most accurate by the touch and test To prove and examine our selves is a worke of the spirit whereby the soule reflecting and turning into it selfe doth exactly weigh and consider in what estate it stands The Commandement is doubled to betoken the important necessity of the duty injoyned as which doth most neerely concerne a Christian The meaning of the words if you take them togâ—ther may be thus O ye Corinthians since you make a question whether Iesus Christ spake in and by me yea or not doe but for your conviction in this behalfe take a survey of your owne estate diligently examine your selves whether ye be truely and effectually come out of the state of nature into the state of grace yea or noâ— by this you may come to some certainty touching the undoubted truth of my Mâ—nistery Doctrine 1 That an effectuall conversion of soule is a sure testimony of the truth and lawfulnesse of that Ministery by which they are converted This is gathered from the coherence and agreement betwixt the third and fift verse it is also proved Ier. 23.22 Ier. 23.22 If they had stood in my câ—â—nsell and had caused my people to heare my words then they should have turned them from their evill way and from the evill of their doings No Minister can convert another who hath not stood in Gâ—ds counsell that hath not beene sent by him Rom. 10.14.15 Faith in a hearer doth argue a Teacher sent of God Acts 26.18 Rom. 10.14.15 Acts 26.18 Ephes 4.11.12 I send thee that thou mayest turne them c Ephes 4.11.12 Christ sends them Pastors for the repairing of the Saints The repairing of the Saints is an argument of a Pastour given of Christ 1 Cor. 9.2 1 Cor. 9.2 If I be not an Apostle unto others yet doubtlesse I am unto you for ye are the seale of my Apostleship in the Lord. Reason The reason is this because the soules of men are not converted without the speciall worke of the spirit of Christ concurring with the outward ordinance Now wee have no promise of the assistance of the spirit to accompany any teachers but such as God sends Matth. 28.28 I am with you whom I send to the end of the world not with any other Vse For the confuting of those sectaries among us who doe reject the Ministery of the Church of England together with the Ministers as no Ministry nor Ministers in regard of some defects accidentall not substantiall in the same We for our justification referre our selves unto the whole armies of Converts which are the glory and crowne of many godly teachers among us Doctrine 2 There is a possibility revealed of God for a man to know whether he be called of God or not it is attaineable for a man to know whether he be in the â—tate of grace or remaine still in his naturall condition This doctrine is inforced from the precept here given Luke 10.20 Luke 10.20 Rejoyce that your names are written in heaven now there is no ground of rejoycing but for that whereof wee may attaine a certaine knowledge 2 Pet. 1.10 2 Pet. 1.10 1 Iohn 3.10 Give diligence to make your calling and election sure 1 Iohn 3.10 In this are the children of God knowne Reason 1 Because wee have recorded in Scripture speciall markes whereby wee may grow to a settled assurance touching our estate Psal 15. 1 Iohn 5.13 2 Pet. 1.10 2 Because wee have the spirit promised to informe us that these markes are in us Rom. 8.16 the spirit of God beareth witnesse to our spirits that we are the children of God Caution Note that this knowledge is often intermingled with much doubting Psal 77.8 9 10. Psal 42. verse 5. yet in the end faith gets the victory Vse 1 To confute the Popish errour which they teach viz. That no man can be assured with such a certainty wherein he may not be mistaken touching his salvation as also that a man must doubt of it and that it is presumption to grow to a resolution a marvellous uncomfortable and desperate doctrine we may say of the Authors of it that they are miserable comforters 2 For exhortation to provoke men to use all meanes that they may be assured touching the welfare of their estates Let mens diligence in looking to make sure inheritance lands mannors whereof they have any promise whet on us to bee much more carefull to get some security of Gods favour heaven and happinesse If they be so earnest for earthly blessings which they must forgoe how hot and eager should we be in the pursuit of getting of an assurance of those spirituall good things which shall never be taken from us Let the unspeakeable comfort that issues from this assurance the endlesse joy that ariseth hence make us carefull seekers of so great a benefit if we were instantly to goe out of the world wee would desire nothing more then some earnest penny of an heavenly inheritance that which then wee would chiefly wish let it bee our wisedome to make a timely provision for the obtaining it But alas how carelesse and negligent are we in this point any groundlesse surmises idle supposals flâ—shing imaginations will serve the turne give a slubbered contentment I hope well saith one I trust saith another God is mercifull Take heed of this presumption which is as a broken tooth and a sliding foot Doctrine 3 Every man by nature is apt to be deceived and to misjudge himselfe touching his spirituall estate to thinke all is well when nothing lesse Thus much is insinuated in the Commandement to try
the election of grace Learne a similitude from the trees and hearbs of the field which as they have their spring wherein they in their glorious hue are comparable to Salomon in his royalty so haue they their winter wherein their sap retireth to the root the branches seeme to be withered as if they were not the same no life in them so is it with the graces of God in mans soule they have their spring and summer seasons they have also their winter wherein they seeme cleane blasted and decayed as if there were no seeds of grace in their hearts and as we must not call in question the vegetative power and life that is in plants and hearbs by reason of the little appearance thereof in the dead time of the yeere no more must wee make question of the truth of grace in our hearts in regard of the little shew that it makes to us little beauty that we can discerne of it Doe we not see that men may be so miscarried in their judgements as to thinke themselves to be beasts when they are men as we see in Nebuchadnezzar Dan. 4.30 Dan. 4.30 why not much more in their spirituall estate so to be misinformed as to thinke themselves children of wrath when notwithstanding they are heyres and coheires with Christ Iesus Let the examples of Gods deare ones who have been thus misled the equity and great reason God hath thus to exercise our troubled soules which otherwise would be too calme and secure be as a word spoken in due season to us that are weary in this kinde Doctrine 5 That every one that lives in the Church is bound seriously and with great diligence to try and examine his estate how it stands betwixt God and himselfe in respect of the worke of saving grace wrought in his soule This is the maine duty intended in this scripture and so directly issuing out of it as that hee that runneth may reade it Psal 77.6 Psal 77.6 I communed with mine owne heart and my spirit made diligent search namely how the estate of my soule stands whether God hath cast me off yea or not or whether there be in me any markes of his favour in regard whereof I may gather comfort to my selfe Gal. 6.3 4. Gal. 6.3.4 If any man thinke himselfe to be something when he is nothing hee deceiveth himselfe in his imagination But let every man prove his owne worke and then shall â—ee have rejoycing in himselfe 1 Iohn 4. 1 Iohn 4. wee are commanded to try the spirits of other men whether they be of God much more then to try and examine our owne spirits whether they speake unto us in the name of the Lord or from their owne deceitfulnesse Reason 1 In regard of the infinite windings and secret turning in the heart of man by reason whereof it is become a most difficult thing for a man to know his owne estate truely Ier. 17.9 Ier. 17.9 The heart of man is deceitfull above all things who can know it it is a very easie thing to be deceived by it a most hard thing to know it therefore we must set our selves more earnestly to worke to try and examine our estate Reason 2 Because the estate of glory in the life to come depends on the state of grace in this life which may justly move us to increase our care to know whether we be in the state of Gods calling yea or not Now for that the practise of this doctrine is of excellent and most necessary use in the life of a Christian I will therefore more largely pursue the same as desirous to give direction how to perform this duty so as it may be most for our comfort And because I finde a spring of matter offering it selfe I thinke it good to bound that which I purpose to say within these two points 1 In considering what be the false shadowes of the state of grace 2 What be the essentiall parts of him that is in the state of grace together with the severall marks of the same Among the false and appearing tokens and shadowes of the state of grace I finde three that are remarkable and above others to be encountred with viz. The estate of 1. The Civill man 2. The Formalist 3. The Temporary Professour All these make goodly flourishes carry themselves upon a perswasion of Gods favour thinke themselves somewhat when they are nothing in the state of grace Concerning the Civill man who first offers himselfe as one who is most confident though he have least cause I propound these foure things 1. What Civill righteousnesse is 2. What is the ground of it 3. The glosse and deceit whereby it prevailes 4. A discovery of them in their kinde Question 1 What is civill righteousnesse Answ It is the practise of some outward duties of the second Table joyned with either a slight performance or else negligent omission of the duties of the first Table that concerne God and his worship From thence we may conceive what the civill man is namely such a one as is outwardly just temperate chaste carefull to follow his worldly businesse will not hurt so much as his neighbours dog payes every man his owne and lives of his owne no drunkard adulterer or quarreller loves to live peaceably and quietly among his neighbours For an example of this kinde I take the yong man in the Gospel that came to our Saviour with this All these have I kept So likewise among the heathen we have famous many examples of this kinde of Aristides Socrates Alexander Question 2 The grounds of civill righteousnesse are two Answ Restraining grace That is such a common worke of the spirit whereby the corruption of mans nature is bridled kept in curbed so as it breakes not out the heart is not changed or renewed either in minde will or affections onely there are barres and doores set to them in regard of the exercising and outward practicing of that whereof the seed and venome lies in the heart Gen. 20.6 Gen. 20.6 The Lord said to Abimelech that he kept him that he should not sinne in defiling Abrahams wife The second ground is Prevailing corruption namely when one sinne getteth 〈◊〉 victory of another by reason of their opposiâ—â—ature so is it when a man for vaine glory an◠〈◊〉 maintaine an outward reputation in the world without respect to Gods Commandement absâ—â—ines from many grosse sinnes as also when a man flies from covetousnesse and falls into prodigality all one as the Prophet speaketh it is as if a man should flie from a Lion and a Beare meet him Amos 5.19 Amos 5.19 Question 3 What are the deceits whereby he beguiles himselfe Answ He applauds himselfe on this manner that he useth good dealings and hath a good meaning and hopes by this to doe as well as the best these indeed are worthy fruits of righteousnesse if they were rightly practised but the civill man deceives himselfe First In
where there is a re-entry of Devils after their ejection is worse than the beginning 2 Peter 2.21 2 Peter 2.25 It had beene better for them not to have knowne the good wayes of God then after they have knowne them to turne from the holy Commandement delivered unto them 2. Our departing from good wayes after we have made progresse in the same argues in us extreme folly wee cannot enter the lists so much as of a temporary profession but we must looke to suffer many things we must betyed to the means deprived of much of that which the flesh cals liberty Now shall we suffer all this in vaine shall we with the Israelites come out of Egypt undergoe many sorrowes in the wildernes come to the borders of the land of Canaan and then give over and faint by the way Shall we doe as hee that takes a long and chargeable journey to buy a commodity that is needfull for him and when he comes to the place parts for a penny and goes home againe without it Ezek. 18.24 Ezek. 18.24 If he turne away all his righteousnes that he hath done shall not be mentioned 3. Consider That all the promises of God are entailed upon the grace of Perseverance Matth. 24.12 13. Mat. 24.12 13. Because iniquity shall abound the love of many shall waxe cold but he that endureth to the end shall be saved Revel 2.10 Revel 2. â—â— â—â— be thou faithfull unto the death and I will give thee the crowne of life ver 11. he that overcommeth shall not be hurt of the second death Revel 3.12 Revel 3.12 him that overcommeth will I make a â—r in the Temple of my God Wherefore let us at any hand be admonished to search and try our Profession not deceive our selves we may make a shew to others and our hearts may make us believe all is well but let us not trust them till we have tryed them It is the foole that will believe every thing Many have set forward in good wayes aâ— Naâ—mies two daughters that would needs accompany her into the land of Iudah saying we will returne with thee unto thy people and yet how easily was Orpah entreated to goe backe So there are many Orphats that seeme as if they would travaile to heaven yet give over in the mid-way let their examples be admonitions to us Thus farre of the discovery of the false harbours of the Christian estaâ—e Now I come to the meanes of inquiry In the inquity to be made for the direction of a Christian in the duty of selfe tryall foâ—re specialâ—ies are to be discussed 1. What graces are of the essence and being of a Christian 2. What their nature is 3. What is the least measure of them lesse then which a man cannot have and be in the state of grace 4. What be the severall marks of these graces essentially necessary For the first I find that the Scripture doth inclose all in these two duties Faith and Repentance Mark 1.15 Mark 1 1â— Acts 20 2â— Repent and believe the Gospell Acts 20.21 Witnessing to Iewes and Grecians repentance towards God and faith toward our Lord Iesus Christ By these two we passe from death to life from the power of Sathan to God Now the latter of these duties being unfoldâ—d there are these three maine branches of it 1. Godly sorrow 2 Cor. 7.10 2 Cor. 7.10 that is the beginning of it and as it were the first step whence it is said to bring forth Repentance to salvation ver 10. 2. A change of mind called the New Creature fleshy heart renovation of the spirit of our mindes implyed in the word repent which properly signifies a transmutation or alteration of the mind 3. New obedience Matth. 3.8 Matth. 3.8 bring forth fruits worthy of amendment of life Rom. 12.1 Rom. 12.1 give up your bodies as a living sacrifice So that the issue of all is that to set a man in possession of the state of grace there bee foure maine workes of the spirit 1. Faith 2. Godly sorrow 3. Change of minde 4. New obedience Wiâ—hin these is comprehended whatsoever appertaines to the being of a Christian Many complementall graces are further found in him who is in the faith as appertaining to his well-being these and these only doe estate him in that blessed tenure of the sonnes of God Secondly What these are in their particular nature Faith is a work of the spirit whereby we are enabled to apply to our selves the promises made in Christ for our reconciliation with God It is a worke of the spirit of God Eph. 2.8 Ephesians 2.8 It is the gift of God we are enabled Our wils are lifted up above their naturall condition and ability by a speciall infusion of grace for howsoever faith be begun in the understanding yet the perfection of it is from the will this is apparent from the object of saving faith which is not only truth but also good and good to us To apply to our selves So Iohn 20.28 Iohn 20.28 Thomas shewes himselfe to be a believer when he saith My Lord and my God Galath 2.20 Gal. 2.20 I live by the faith of the Sonne of God who loved mee and gave himselfe for mee The promises made in Christ they are the matter whereabout our faith is exercised Rom. 4.21 Romans 4.21 Abrahams assurance was settled upon the promise For our Reconciliation with God this is the benefit of it that upon believing God is reconciled wee have an attonement Rom. 5.11 Romans 5.11 Thirdly what is the least measure of saving faith Answer It is a constant earnest desire of the pardon of sin flowing from an humble heart joyned with a conscionable use of the meanes I say constant to difference this desire from the moody passions that are in naturall men to whom God disclosing the fearefulnesse of the vengeance to come they doe for the instant desire a remove all of their sinnes I say earnest with respect to the sluggish wishes that are in the unregenerate as also to that fervency of desire which experience shewes in the godly Psal 42.2 Psalme 42.2 my soule is a thirst for God I say further that it is set on worke by an humbled soule a soule touched with his owne miseries a wounded spirit a broken heart Psalm 10.17 Psalme 10.17 thou hast heard the desire but it is the desire of an humbled soule of the poore in spirit Last of all this desire expresseth it selfe in a carefull and diligent use of the meanes whereby it may be increased as Prayer hearing the word receiving the Sacraments This is that faith which is tearmed by the smoaking flaxe and bruised reede Matth. 12.20 Matth. 12.20 which promise of Christ is not to breake the one nor quench the other This to be in Gods acceptation as saving faith appeares in that God rewards this hungring desire with everlasting life Matth. 5.6 Luke 1.33 Matth. 5.6
this carryes with it the destruction of soule and body for ever Matth. 7.23 Matth. 7.23 Such as counted themselves jolly fellowes while they lived they thought themselves great professours yet being deceived in this kind the reward of their errour is I know you not depart from me If a man lay all his estate on a purchase he will looke that the title be good examine his evidences advise with his learned counsell and all for that if it should prove naught he is utterly overthrowne Why are we not as wise for our soules that seeing our whole estate of future happines depends upon the truth of grace wrought in this life in our hearts we be carefull to sift and examine our selves Fourthly Consider that in our naturall wisedome which in all things in this life will not trust to any thing but what we have tryed a man usually will not use a weapon to fight withall but he will try it not willingly take a piece of mony but try it not entertaine a servant but try him nothing almost that we deale withall but we desire tryall and yet how is it that we can rest in a faith a repentance and never try them examine them according to those rules that the Scripture hath given in that kinde shall we be so scrupulous in the gew-gawes of this life and for the heavenly graces of the spirit not make the same inquiry Fifthly Is it not a maine end of that time which the Lord allowes us here that we should gaine the assurance of another life possesse our soules with a sound faith godly forrow true change sincere obedience doe we not then misse of the maine end of our life when we rest in the counterfeit appearance of these graces Let us therfore in the name of the Lord be exhorted that in the consideration of these premises wee doe carefully set apart some solemne times when we may use our best endeavours to prove our selves whether we be in the faith THE PRIVILEDGE OF ADOPTION And Tryall thereof by REGENERATION Iohn 1.12 13. But as many as received him to them gave hee power to become the sons of God even to them that believe on his Name Which were borne not of bloud nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man but of God THe blessed Evangelist Saint Iohn in the entrance into this Gospell discoursing of the admirable mystery of mans Redemption describes first the Authour of it Christ the Son of GOD and that according to his two-fold Nature 1. His deity or God head in the first verse 〈…〉 all are 〈…〉 2. His Hâ—â—anity or Man hood in the 14. ver in time assumed unto him Secondly in the midst betweene both hee describes the benefit which hereby redounds to all the faithfull partly by their adoption in the 12. verse partly by their Regeneration in the 13. verse For the former there is First The persons to whom this benefit doth accrew and they are such as entertaine Christ not outwardly but inwardly not into their houses but into their hearts 2. He shewes what manner of entertainement it must bee not corporall but spirituall by trusting in Christ or believing in his name which are in effect both 〈◊〉 For the other the benefit it selfe that doth accrue unto them that is described 1. In generall it is a priviledge or prerogative 2. More particularly they are said to be the adopted sons of God Now because this Adoption may be hid with God and so may not be knowne unto themselves who are adopted There followes therfore hereupon a reall change in them which change is described in the 13. verse 〈…〉 the manner of it that is a new casting moulding 〈…〉 and partly by the Authour 〈◊〉 whereby it is wrought laid downe First Negatively not a bloudy or fleshly breeding according to naturall concupiscence as it is in part described Ezechiel 16. Secondly Positively or affirmatively that is of the spirit as our Saviour saith unlesse a man be borne againe of water and of the Holy Ghost he cannot enter into the kingdome of God Iohn 3.5 Iohn 3.5 yea the words of Peter may bee a comment on my Text 1 Peter 1.23 1 Pet. 1.23 where he saith being borne a new not of corruptible seed but of incorruptible by the word of God which liveth and abideth for ever And so much for the summe or substance of these words with their severall branches Not to stand upon the nature of faith at this time because wee have had occasion to speake of it formerly and may likewise have hereafter as also to passe by divers instructions that may be from hence observed I will pitch only at this time upon two which the Evangelist mainely intends in this place First That all the faithfull are the adopted children of God Secondly None are the children of God by adoption but only such as are so by Regeneration The former being the summe of the 12. ver the latter of the 13. ver Doct. 1. All the faithfull are the adopted children of God There are saith one who goes under the name of Gregory Nazianzene three sorts of sonnes of God 1. By Generation 2. By Creation 3. By Adoption 1. By Generation and so is Christ alone Luke 3. Iob 1.6 Gal. 3.26 2. By Creation so Adam Luke 3. and the Angels Iob 1.6 3. By Adoption and so are all the faithfull Gal. 3.26 This point will more fully appeare if we consider the ground and end of our Adoption First The ground of it which is our union to Christ the naturall Sonne of God We are alive saith the Apostle to God in Iesus Christ our Lord Rom. 6.11 Rom. 6.11 Rom. 11.23 1 Cor. 12.27 Being grafted in him Rom. 11.23 and so we become one with Christ 1 Cor. 12.27 as therefore a sienne taken out of one stock and so inoculated into another or as a child taken out of one family and translated into another even so we are taken out of the houshold of Sathan and inserted into the family of God yea into the mysticall body of Christ for the head and the body make but one Christ Gal. 3.16 Gal. 3 16. he saith not to the feeds as speaking of many but unto thy seed as of one which is Christ and so he and the faithfull make but one Christ 1 Cor. 12.12 1 Cor. 12.12 This was the end of his Incarnation to make us the sons of God The Son of God became the sonne of man that wee sons of men might become the sons of God Gal. 4. 4 5. Gal. 4 4 5. Secondly Consider we the end of our Adoption that we might have a right and interest unto our heavenly inheritance The end of Christs Incarnation is our adoption and the end of our Adoption is our right and title to that inheritance without the which wee could not have had it that therefore which is called Adoption Rom. 8.15 Rom. 8.15 Is called the
not directly against it as it is sound and sincere joyned with truth in the inward parts it lookes onely upon that which sheweth it selfe in religious performances that is the object of wicked mens malice they pry not into the truth of grace in the heart but if a man doe joyne himselfe with the people of God in the holy exercises of religion that is it which provokes their malice In matters of enmity betwixt differing parties it is enough to endure the ill will of the one but in shew and appearance to joyne with the other and so it is no sure and infallible marke of a friend of God for a man to say that he hath suffered in the cause of religion the very outward face of religion sets the divell and wicked men on worke Thirdly there may be great deceit in suffering wherein a man can have no comfort as if it were an inseparable companion of sincerity men may seeke themselves their glory honour and have worldly respects in yeelding their neckes to affliction for the Gospels sake If any man saith our Saviour will be my Disciple hee must deny himselfe and take up his crosse and follow me Matth. 16.24 Math. 16.24 Wee must looke that our suffering have a denyall of our selves and our owne affections else they shall nothing availe us A mans affliction for religious duties performed is then onely an argument of the truth of grace when a man being tossed in them lives onely by faith in Gods word and is not fed with the hope of glory with an expectation of succour and reliefe from man 2 Deceit That many good men applaud them in their courses yea godly and faithfull Ministers commend them encourage them now would they honour an imperfect profession of religion Answ 1. No doubt but it may and ought to be a good comfort to us that we have the approbation of such as feare God in those waies wherein we walke but notwithstanding it is a sure rule that of another mans estate before God no man can judge with a judgement of certainty for wheras one man judgeth of another onely by fruits of the spirit what outward worke of the spirit of grace is there which the pride of mens hearts and the divell together cannot counterfeit they will make a semblance of faith of repentance other men though good yet mistake us even when they doe their best it being beyond their reach to determine of another mans estate The uprightnesse of any mans heart in the duties he performes it is possible onely to God and himselfe to know Pro. 17.3 Pro. 17.3 The fining pot is for silver and the furnace for gold but the Lord tryeth the hearts of men and no man knoweth the heart of a man save the spirit of a man that is in him 1 Cor. 2.11 1 Cor. 2.11 Secondly we reason deceitfully if from mens approbation of our courses wherein we walke we conclude an allowance of our estate that all is well with us because something is deemed to bee upright It is all one as if a dishonest person performing an honest action and receiving just commendation for the same should thence gather a generall resolution for his honesty Good men approve us in our hearing the word prayer fasting but good men will not approve us as every way good because good in these besides the actions we performe in attending on ordinances may be good in their nature and yet wee may marre them in the manner of performing them Thirdly we must know that good and godly Ministers in this prophane and wretched age are glad to apprehend and cherish the least blossoms of goodnesse that doe shew themselves are ready to encourage men in any good courses by giving them their deseâ—â—ed commendations Gods Ministers deale with Professors as the servants of Benhadad did with the King of Israel glad when they can catch but as a good word heare but of the frequenting of a good exercise Our Saviour hearing the yong man making such a profession of his obedience though it was onely in regard of the outward man yet it is said hee looked upon him and loved him and so in like manner why should it not be lawfull for us to love and like a man accordingly to testifie our liking of those in whom wee perceive any good beginnings in pious and religious exercises and yet this is no warrant for such to rest in those outward formes of religion as if all were perfect in them 3 Deceit That there seemes to be an agreement betwixt them and the most forward professors they joyne in the same parts of Gods worship with like diligence frequent Gods ordinances why may we not from thence conceive all to be well with them Answ 1. That whatsoever a childe of God wil doe by vertue of sincerity in his heart that same will an hypocrite doe out of the pride and vanity of his heart the webbe of hypocrisie is most cunningly spun scarcely to be discerned but by him that hath the spirit of discerning more then ordinary Compare the reformation of Iehu with that of Iosiah and you shall see little difference he pretends as great zeale is as hoâ— in the rooting out of the idolatrous worship of Baal as was Iosiah in the like kinde had not Iehu discovered himselfe in setting up the idolatry of Ieroboam hee might have kept his credit therefore an appearing outward agreement is not that which may give a hope that our profession is sound but we must have an eye to the integrity of the heart in the performance thereof Secondly we have examples of some in Scripture who have witnessed an universall agreement in their profession even unto the parting from their lands and possessions as Ananias and Saphiâ— and yet all proved in the end but counterfeit so Iudas of whom no doubt but that speech had its truth We have forsaken all and followed thee this concurrence in the same outward duties did flow from hearts diversly affected and accordingly in time it was apparent It is a corrupt manner of reasoning to conclude a totall agreement from a partiall an inward from an outward Let all Christians bee exhorted and perswaded that they beware how they build upon this same seeming formall righteousnesse that they doe not blesse themselves in it as a state of al-sufficiency to salvation as if greene leaves could make good trees or formall profession good Christians it will deceive them that trust it in their greatest needs and for the better enforcing this exhortation that it may more lively pierce the hearts of all formall professors consider these motives Motives 1 The Scripture tels us that it is deceiveable righteousnesse Ier. 7.4 Iam. 1.22 Ier. 7.4 trust not in lying words Iam. 1.22 be ye doers of the word not hearers onely deceiving your owne selves Now what wisedome is it for a man to cast his salvation upon that which the spirit of truth hath witnessed will