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B25425 Troposchēmalogia: Tropes and figures; or, A treatise of the metaphors, allegories, and express similitudes, &c. contained in the Bible of the Old and New Testament To which is prefixed, divers arguments to prove the divine authority of the Holy Scriptures wherein also 'tis largely evinced, that by the great whore, mystery Babylon is meant the Papal hierarchy, or present state and church of Rome. Philologia sacra, the second part. Wherein the schemes, or figures in Scripture, are reduced under their proper heads, with a brief explication of each. Together with a treatise of types, parables, &c. with an improvement of them parallel-wise. By B. K; Tropologia. Book 4. Keach, Benjamin, 1640-1704.; De Laune, Thomas, d. 1685. Tropologia. aut 1682 (1682) Wing K101A; ESTC R7039 690,855 608

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the Holiest of all viz. Heaven it self Heb. 9.23 before the Throne of Mercy pleading for us Levit. 16.16 IV. The Priest was to make an Atonement for the Holy-Place because of the Uncleanness of the Children of Israel And so he shall do saith the Text for the Tabernacle of the Congregation c. This shewed the horrible Nature of Sin For tho the People never came into the Holy-P●ace much less into the Most Holy Place yet such was the Power of their Iniquities that the holy Altar Ark and Sanctuary it self was defiled in the Sight of God and could not be cleansed without Blood So our Sins do defile God's Church and his most holy Ordinances therein performed so that neither we nor any of our best Services can meet with acceptance but by the means of Christ's Blood and Merits V. No Man was to be in the Tabernacle when the High-Priest went in to make Atonement only the High-Priest himself c. plainly signifying that Jesus Christ our High-Priest hath no Partner with him in working our Salvation He his own self bare our Sins in his Body on the Tree 1 Pet. 2.24 c. VI. The Altar of Incense was sprinkled with the Blood of the kill'd Goat shadowing that Christ through the shedding of his own Blood should be consecrated our Intercessor and by the Means and Merits thereof our Prayers should be accepted Heb. 8.6 VII The High-Priest was to cast off his glorious Garments when he made this Atonement Verse 4. Phil. 2. signifying that Christ should be abased and lay aside as it were his glorious Robes or va●l his Deity and appear in the Form of a Servant that so he might finish the Work of our Redemption VIII The Day of Atonement shall saith the Text be a Sabbath for ever shadowing thereby that through the Atonement and Expiation of Christ he hath obtained everlasting Rest for us and that in his Death all typical Sacrifices should end IX Once only in a Year this Atonement was made to shew that not often but once for ever without repetition Christ should make a perfect Atonement for us by his own Blood Heb. 9.24 and thereby enter into the highest Heavens to appear in the presence of God for us The Scape-Goat a Type of Christ Levit. 10.20 c. THe Scape-Goat called in Hebrew Azazel that is the Goat gone away c. was so called because he escaped alive representing Christ Jesus alive in his Divine Nature tho put to death in his Humane Nature or alive after he rose again from the Dead II. He was presented alive that by him Reconciliation might be made and this after the other Goat was sacrificed signifying acccording to the Learned two Things 1. The Resurrection of Christ 2. Our rising with him from the Death of Sin to a Life of Grace by the operation of the Spirit c. III. Aaron shall put or lay both his Hands upon the Head of the live-Goat and confess over him all the Iniquities of the Children of Israel Levit. 16.21 c. and he shall bear them c. Figuring thereby how Christ should bear all our Sins viz. the Punishment due to them The Lord hath laid on him the Iniquities of us all Isa 53. IV. And so the He-Goat was sent into the Wilderness or Land not inhabited which the Greek calleth Abaton wayless or inaccessible figuring the utter abolishing of our Sins by Jesus Christ both from the Face of God that so they may not appear before him against us to condemn us or be imputed or charged upon us nor have any Dominion or Power over us They were to confess upon the Head of the Goat all their Iniquities signifying if we would have our Sins c●rried away and for ever to be forgot we must confess them c. By this saith Ainsworth it appeareth that as the killed Goat figured Christ killed or put to death for our Sins so this living Goat figured him also who bore our Griefs Isa 53.4 5 6. and carried our Sorrows c. And because Christ was not only to die for our Offences but also to rise again for our Justification and because these two Things could not fitly be shadowed by one Beast which the Priest having killed could not make alive again therefore God appointed two that in the slain Beast Christ's Death and in the live Beast his Life and Victory might be shadowed See the like Mystery in the two Birds for the cleansing the Leper The Sacrifice of the Red Heifer Numb 19. a Type of Christ THe Colour of this Beast was red As other Sacrifices of Beasts prefigured Christ so this saith Ainsworth in special figured him Red signified his human Nature and Participation of our Afflictions and the Bloodiness of his Agony and grievous Passion II. She must be without blemish and upon whom never Yoak came This signified the perfect Holiness of Christ who never bore the Yoak of Sinfulness nor was subject to the Laws or Precep●s of Man III. The Heifer was burned without the Host and her Blood sprinkled seven times before the Tabernacle of the Congregation which signified Christ's Suffering without the Gates of Jerusalem Heb. 13.11 12. Circumcision what it was a Type of CIrcumcision was the cutting off the Foreskin of the Flesh signifying the cutting off the Lusts of the Heart and Life or parting with the Corruption of Nature Col. 2.11 which rebells against the Spirit II. Circumcision puts the Body to pain Gen. 43.25 So those who come under the Circumcision of the Heart are sensible of much spiritual Pain upon the account of Sin III. As that Part cut off was never set to the Body again but was taken quite away So in this spiritual Circumcision Sin must not be parted with for a time only but must be cast off for ever IV. The Circumcised Person was admitted into the Church and Family of God So he that is spiritually circumcised becomes a fit Person for Baptism and so to be admitted into the Church of God V. Such who were not circumcised were not to be admitted to the Privileges of the Church and outward Worship of God So the Uncircumcised in Heart and Life ought not to be admitted unto the spiritual Privileges of the Gospel and Communion of the Saints VI. The uncircumcised Person was looked upon by God's People as an hateful Person see with what contempt David beheld Goliah upon this account 1 Sam. 17. This uncircumcised Philistine c. So those who are not circumcised in Heart are hateful to God VII Circumcision was a Sign of the Righteousness of Faith So the spiritual Circumcision of the Heart i. e. putting away the Body of Sin c. is a Sign of the Truth of Grace and of an Interest in the Righteousness of Christ Jesus The Rock which was smitten out of which came Water Exod. 17. was a Type of Christ 1 Cor. 10.4 And that Rock was Christ viz. a
Controversy of his Church and undo all that afflict her The Stone cut out of the Mountain without hands zech 12.2 Dan. 2.34 shall smite the Image upon his Feet that were of Iron and Clay and break them to pieces Then the Iron and the Clay the Brass the Silver and the Gold shall be broken together and become as the Chaff of the Summer Threshing-floor 2. God will utterly destroy all Idolatry and all false Worship and by this means will restore his own Appointments in the purity of them Rev. 14.8 Rev. 18.1 2 3 21. Isa 60.1 2. 25.6 7. 58.12 3. God to make her glorious will unite all her Children together in Love They shall serve the Lord with one Consent and no more Divisions shall be amongst them Isa 11.13 Ezek. 37.16 17 19. Zeph. 3.8 9. Zech. 14.9 There shall be one Lord and his Name one 4. God will enlarge her Borders The Children of the Barren shall say again in my Ears The Place is too strait for me give me Room that I may dwell Isa 59.20 The Fulness of the Gentiles shall be brought in they shall come like Doves to the Windows Isa 60.3.4 5. 5. The Jews shall be called and both Jews and Gentiles shall make but one Sheep-fold And there shall be one Sheep-fold and one Shepherd Ezek. 37.22 John 10.16 Isa 19.19 20 to the end 6. The Glory of the Church will be great in respect of Knowledg All the Earth shall be filled with the Knowledg of the Glory of the Lord as the Waters cover the Sea Numb 14.21 Isa 11.9 Hab. 2.14 7. Her Glory shall be great in respect of the Abundance of Peace which shall be in the World in that Day God will make Wars to cease to the ends of the Earth such a Day never was in the World yet Psal 46.8 9. 72.7 Isa 2.4 Mich. 4.3 4. 8. The Mountain of the Lord's House shall be exalted above the Mountains Mich. 4.2 Isa 2.12 and lifted up above the Hills and all Nations shall flow unto it The Saints in that Day shall possess the Gates of their Enemies Jer. 30.20 9. The Glory of the Church will be great in respect of Holiness God will bring his People into the Fire and make his Church very pure Isa 1.25 26 27. Mal. 3.2 Psal 110.2 3. Zech. 13.8 9. There shall be no Canaanite in the House of the Lord no unclean Person shall dwell therein 10. Her Glory shall be great by Christ's coming to her Psal 2.6 Thine Eyes shall see the King in his Beauty Isa 33.17 He shall be King over all the Earth I have set my King upon my holy Hill of Sion God will dwell with Men in a more glorious manner than he ever yet dwelt with them 11. In that her Glory shall abide and the Kingdom shall not be left to another People Dan. 2.44 Dan. 7.27 Inferences LEt us pray for the Day of Sion's Glory and never give God rest until he hath made Jerusalem a Praise in the whole Earth Thy Kingdom come c. 2. Let not the Godly be discouraged whatever Troubles they are now attended with Clouds of Darkness shall soon flie away At Even-tide there shall be Light Zech. 14.7 The Church compared to an Olive-Tree Hosea 14.7 His Branches shall spread and his Beauty shall be as the Olive-Tree The Church of God is compared in this place to an Olive-Tree Simile Parallel PArt or the Beauty of the Olive-Tree consists in its Greenness it is always green few Trees that bear Fruit are like the Olive in this respect SO the Church of God and every sincere Soul is green and flourishing Greenness notes Life and Sap to be in the Branches the Branches of the Divine Olive viz. the Saints are never without spiritual Moisture or the Sap of Grace in their Hearts and Lives Psal 1.3 His Leaves shall not fail Hence David said He was like a green Olive-Tree in the House of the Lord. Psal 52.8 II. The Olive-Tree is renowned for Fruitfulness it abounds mightily with Fruit. Pliny saith If care be not taken its Fruit so loads it that it even breaks it down II. The Church is fruitful now but shall be much more fruitful unto God hereafter her Beauty shall be as the Olive-Tree in this respect She shall abound in Children and abound in Grace and true Holiness III. The Olive-Tree beareth not only much Fruit but also profitable Fruit. Olives are rare things What Tree brings forth better Fruit than the Olive-Tree It s Fruit is mollifying feeding strengthning healing its Oil makes your Lamps to burn III. So the Church brings forth good Fruit not only a great quantity but Fruit that excells in its Nature or Quality viz. Faith Love Meekness Patience Charity Gal. 5.22 c. even all the Fruits of the Spirit or as they are in another place called the Fruits of Righteousness Jam. 3.17 Grace is of a mollifying feeding strengthening and healing Nature Grace makes the Lamp of Profession to burn clear whereby others see or have much Light See Oil. IV. The Branches of an Olive-Tree were formerly used to signify Peace IV. A Saint is for Peace They are Peace-makers they desire nothing more than Peace with God and Peace with Men I am for Peace saith David Psal 120.7 He that hath the Fruit of the Olive viz. Grace shall soon see the Dove viz. the Spirit bringing the Olive-Branch but as Noah's Dove did not bring the Olive-Branch till the Waters were abated so the Flood of Iniquity must be abated the Waters of Wickedness sink and be dried up before a Man can receive a sure Sign or Token of Peace and Reconciliation with God Inferences HEnce let Saints who are planted in the House of the Lord labour to be like the Olive-Tree not only to bring forth much Fruit as to quantity but good and right Fruit in respect to its quality The Church compared to an Inn. Luke 10.34 And brought him to an Inn. BY the Inn most Expositors that I have met with understand that Christ means the Church which may be fitly compared to an Inne Metaphor Parallel AN Inn is a Place to entertain Travellers whilst they pass from one Country or City to another SO the Church is a Place to entertain Christians whilst they pass through the Wilderness of this World to the Land of Promise or through the Valley of Tears to the Mount of Joy In an Inn is a Host who is to take care of Strangers or Travellers that come thither and to help them to whatsoever they need II. In the Church are Pastors or faithful Ministers who wait to receive all poor Sinners who come to take up their Lodging there and make them very welcom III. An Inn is a Place of Refreshment for Travellers where they meet with convenient Food and sweet Repose in their Journey A Man may have in some Inns what Food he pleaseth either Milk or strong Meat choice of
as clear Demonstrations that the Head of Rome Papal is the Head of Babylon and the Grand Impostor or the Capital Manager of this Mystery of Iniquity he having most sacrilegiously assumed to himself all Heavenly Power of damning or saving and all Earthly Power both Temporal or Civil and Ecclesiastical or Sacred 11. This wicked Babylonish State comes forth with a great Pretence of Miracles which are but false Signs and lying Wonders to deceive and cheat the People and by this means they conquer Nations and carry away their Kings to their wicked Interest This Rome Heathen did not do For tho the Heathenish Power of Rome did conquer Nations and Countries with their Kings yet it was by State-Policy and Force of Arms not by pretended Miracles false Signs and lying Wonders Therefore Rome Heathen cannot be this Mystery of Iniquity or Babylonish State 12. This wicked State under consideration is declared not only to depart from the Faith by a palpable Apostacy but to forbid Marriage and command a long Lent and many other Fast-Days whereon some Sorts of Meats are prohibited to be eaten which doth so fully agree to the Papal State of Rome that nothing can be more plain unless the Spirit had expresly told us This will be fulfilled by Rome Papal For these two things we have their Canons upon Record the which if none can shew the like of the Heathen State of Rome then Rome Papal shall carry the Title of this Mystery of Iniquity and Babylonish State 7. If the Babylon under consideration be only confined to the Power of Heathen Rome then there is a more evident and apparent Mystery upon the State or Power of Rome Heathen than upon any Power or State that went before it or should come after it for so the Text imports Rev. 17.5 And upon her Forehead was a Name written MYSTERY BABYLON THE GREAT c. But there did no such Mystery appear upon the Power or State of Rome Heathen therefore this Babylon cannot terminate there What great Mystery appeared upon the Power and State of Rome Heathen more than appeared upon the Power and State of the three foregoing Monarchies 8. This Babylon cannot be confined to the Power of Rome only in its Heathen State because Babylon is to continue till the good People shall with the Horns that did support her which is the last Part of the wicked and persecuting Power answerable to the ten Toes in Daniel's great Image reward and destroy her for the Injury that she did unto them according to these three Texts of Scripture Rev. 18.4 Dan. 7.22 26 27. Rev. 17.16 And I heard another Voice from Heaven saying Come out of her my People that ye be not Partak●rs of her Sins c. Verse 6. Reward her even as she hath rewarded you and deal unto her double according to her Works In the Cup that she hath filled fill to her double How much she hath glorified her self and lived deliciously so much Torment and Sorrow give her And the ten Horns which thou sawest upon the Beast these shall hate the Whore and shall make her desolate and naked and shall eat her Flesh and burn her with Fire Which the Power of Rome in its Heathen State felt not but ended its Course without being destroyed by good People and the ten Horns which is the last Part of the Image-Government And in the Days of these Kings Dan. 2.44 viz. ten Toes ten Horns ten Kings shall the God of Heaven set up a Kingdom which shall never be destroyed And the Kingdom shall not be left to another People but it shall break in pieces and consume all these Kingdoms and it shall stand for ever Which could not be fulfilled in what Constantine did in the Time of Maxentius as Dr. Hammond would have us believe for these three Reasons 1. Because the ten Horns that afterwards the Roman Power fell into were not come up and so could not destroy the Power of Rome in its Heathen State 2. Because Babylon's Persecution Misery and Confusion did not utterly cease which it must have done so as to rise no more for ever if the Power of Rome Heathen destroyed by Constantine had been this Mystery Babylon 3. Because tho there might be a Body of good People with Constantine when he overthrew Maxentius yet the Power of the Kingdom was not so established in the hand of good People as not afterward to be left to others as the Text affirms And the Kingdom shall not be left to another People For as we shall anon shew the Kingdom or Power that ceased to be in the hands of Heathens and by a mighty and divine Providence came to be in the hands of a worthy and renowned Christian Emperor came afterwards into the hands of very Devils incarnate who acted all the Violence of the Heathen Power over again and indeed out-did them 9. Those that are for confining this Babylon to the Power of Rome in its Heathen State are not well aware what they do for if they do demand it their Opposites who hold it to be Rome Papal may grant it for Argument's sake But then the Remedy is worse than the Disease for they slip into such a Precipice as neither Baronius Bellarmine Dr. Hammond or the Rhemists can save or deliver them from The true State of the Case is this Rome Heathen is Mystery Babylon this say the Papists And the more willing they are to say so because it is a good Argument to prove that Peter was at Rome he subscribing his first Epistle from Babylon 1 Pet. 5.13 The Church that is at Babylon elected together with you saluteth you c. But this being allowed the worst is to come This Babylon is destroyed when the Power of Rome Heathen is taken away so as to be no more for ever but then what Condition doth the State of Babylon fall into Doth it become the Throne of the Lamb the City of the Living God the Habitation of Holiness and Dwelling-place of Zion the true Church the Place of the holy Ones and Saints of the Most High O no! What then Hearken and an Angel from Heaven shall tell you Rev. 18.1 2. And after these Things of the Horns hating the Whore making of her naked and burning her Flesh with Fire I saw another Angel come down from Heaven having great Power and the Earth was lightned with his Glory and he cried mightily with a strong Voice saying Babylon the Great is fallen is fallen and is become the Habitation of Devils and the Hold of every foul Spirit and a Cage of every unclean and hateful Bird. Now you Papists if you will needs have Babylon to be Rome Heathen take it and much Good do you with it but then make Rome Papal better than an Habitation of Devils if you can If it be not Rome Heathen then adieu to Dr. Hammond and the Rhemists we have what we desire If it be then Rome Papal is a far worse Place
Ainsworth gives it from the Hebrew Word a Propitiation covering this saith the Apostle applyeth to Christ called God's Propitiation 1 Joh. 2.2 't is in Christ Mercy is truly seated and 't is he that hath made a Propitiation for our Sins II. It was the Cover of the Ark where the two Tables lay So Christ is the true Cover Rom. 3. and Deliverer from the Curse and Accusation of the Law III. It was of pure Gold noting the spotless Holiness of Christ IV. Upon the Mercy-Seat were two Cherubims these Cherubims signifyed the holy Angels they stretched their Wings on high covering or shadowing so the Mercy-Seat This Word is used for Protection or Defence from Evil saith learned Ainsworth And doubtless it might signify the usefulness of Angels in Christ's Spiritual Kingdom they looked down upon the Mercy-Seat signifying the Mystery of Christ's Incarnation or God manifested in the Flesh which things the Angels desired to look into hence the Apostle saith in another place 1 Pet. 1. He was seen of Angels seen with Delight and Admiration Some by the Mercy-Seat and Cherubims understand the Holy Trinity in Unity viz. By the Mercy-Seat being a Figure of ●hrist and the two Cherubims the Father and the Holy Ghost and by the two Cherubims at the end of the Mercy-Seat they understand Christ's standing between God and and the Rigour of his Justice God looking on the Law through Christ as fulfilled by him for us and from hence communing with us But that the Father should be represented to us in the Figure of one of the Cherubims I see no ground for it forasmuch as we read of no Similitude of the Father save the Person of Christ only So Deut. 4.15 The Table of Shew-Bread a Type of Christ IT was covered over with Gold and a Crown about it noting saith Guild the Purity of Christ's Humanity with the Glory of his Deity and Majesty of his Kingdom II. It had Food called Shew-Bread set upon it which none were to eat of but the Priest only signifying that Spiritual Nourishment which is in Christ the Bread of Life which none receive or partake of but Believers only or the Royal Priesthood of the Faithful III. The Bread was always to be upon the Table signifying in Christ there is Food continually for our Souls IV. There was much Bread twelve Cakes or square Loaves c. signifying in Christ there is Food and Nourishment enough for all who see a necessity of him or it doth shew how plentifully God feeds his Elect his poor shall not want Bread his Table is always spread always richly and abundantly furnished The Candlestick a Type of Christ and of his Mystical Body IT was the only thing that held the Light which enlightned the Sanctuary So from C rist all the Light of Grace and ●piritual Gifts come for the use and benefit of his Church II. It had seven Lamps to signify that perfection of Light that is in Christ III. It was placed in the Sanctuary So is Christ as a glorious Light placed in his Church or Spiritual Sanctuary Out of Zion the Perfection of Beauty God hath shined Some by the Lamps understand the Ministers of the G●spel were signified IV. It had an upright Stem which bore the many Branches that issued or proceeded from the same typifying Christ Jesus that true and blessed Stalk and Fountain of Light from whom all Light floweth and who bears up and keeps constant in the Truth all the Branches and true Light-Bearers of his Word Rev. 1.20 V. The Branches were adorned with Bowls Knobs and Flowers c. So are the Ministers of his Gospel or true Spiritual Light-Bearers with many rare and most excellent Graces and Gifts of the Holy Spirit VI. Aaron dressed those Lamps and renewed their Oyl daily So our High Priest Jesus Christ is the only Enlightner and Fitter of his faithful Ministers That they may shine more clearly and be the greater Ornament to his Church 't is he that supplies them continually with his Spirit and the saving Graces thereof VII The Candlestick had Snuffers and Snuff Dishes of pure Gold which might figure forth the Good and Godly Discipline of the C●urch whereby those evil Persons who hinder the Peace and Glory of it are taken away by Excommunication The Altar of Perfume Exod. 30.1 to 13. a Type of Christ THe Altar was made of Shittim Greek incorruptible Wood or Wood that never rots overlaid with Gold and having a Crown about it as had the Ark this Altar signified Christ in both his Natures his Deity yeilding Glory to his Humanity and now crown'd with Glory and Majesty at God's right Hand where he abides for ever incorruptible c. II. The Altar had Horns on the four Corners thereof overlaid with Gold which were not only for Ornament Ezek. 43.16 Heb. 3.4 but to keep things from falling off the Altar for the Horns were upward And Horns usually signify Power and Might these four Horns saith the learned Ainsworth signified the Power and Glory of Christ's Priesthood for the Salvation of his Church gathered from the four Corners of the Earth III. The Incense was only to be offered upon this Altar to shew that all our Prayers and Services must be performed in Christ's Name Re● 8.3 4 5. or offered up upon the Golden Altar of his Mediation IV. The Incense was to be first beaten made fit and well prepared before it was to be put on the Altar Psal 41.2 Psal 51. noting how our Prayers which are compared to Incense ought to proceed from a humble contrite and broken Spirit which we offer up in the Name of Jesus Christ V. The Incense was kindled by Fire upon the Altar So must our Prayers be holy and fervent we must pray with much Zeal or be set on Fire by the Spirit and powerful Heat and Operation thereof if we would have them accepted upon the Golden Altar c. Rev. 8.3 4 5. VI. The Incense was offered up by the Priest So are the Prayers of all the Saints made acceptable to the Father through the Oblation and Intercession of our High Priest VII No strange Incense was to be offered upon this Altar This figured the Prayers of the Saints must be according to the Will of God Mat. 21.22 1 Joh. 5.14 Rom. 8.26 by his Spirit and in Faith not in a vain or formal manner after the Tradition of Man we must not intermix them with any Superstitious and Idolatrous Devices or Human Inventions we must offer up no strange Prayer no Prayer to Saints nor Angels 8. The Perfume was to be perpetually before the Lord which signified not only the continual exercise of Prayer which daily we should use Heb. 7.25 but also the perpetual Intercession of our Saviour in the Heavens for us 9. The High Priest only made this Perfume and it might not be applyed to any other use than to burn before the Lord teaching us that Christ