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A42744 The history of the Athenian Society for the resolving all nice and curious questions / by a gentleman who got secret intelligence of thir whole proceedings ; to which are prefixed several poems, written by Mr. Tate, Mr. Motteux, Mr. Richardson, and others. Gildon, Charles, 1665-1724.; R. L. 1691 (1691) Wing G730; ESTC R35698 78,195 42

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For example a Tree from whence tho' you take the Branches it grows receives Nourishment from the Earth maintains itself and is still a Tree which the parts thereof are not when separated from the rest for we can't say e'ery part of a Tree is a Tree as we can of a Stone e'ery part of a Stone is still a Stone But now if this Tree be cloven in two or more pieces or fell'd by the Roots this Contexture or orderly Respect of the Parts each to other ceases its Essence as a Tree is destroy'd its Individuation perishes and 't is no more a Tree but a Stump or a piece or pieces of Timber Let 's proceed a degree higher to meerly sensible Creatures who are not so immediately depending on Earth the common Mother as Plants nor rooted to it and as it were a part of it as they are but walk about have in respect of that an Independent Existence and are a sort of Worlds by themselves And here the Individuation consists in such a particular Contexture of their Essential Parts and their relation one toward another as enables them to exert the Operations of the sensible or animal Life Thus cut off the Leggs or any other parts of an Animal 't is the same Animal still but cut off its Head or take away its Life and 't is no longer that individual Animal but a meer Carcass and will by degrees resolve into common matter again or rather be transmigrated into some other form To ascend now to the highest Rank of visible Beings the Rational the Individuation of Man appears to us to consist in the Union of that thinking Substance which we call the Rational Soul with any convenient Portion of fitly-organiz'd Matter we hope 't is no Heresie to assert that any Portion of Matter duly qualified and united to the Soul by such a Union as we experience tho' we cannot well explain is immediately individuated by it and together with that Soul makes a Man So that if it were possible for one Soul to be cloathed over and over at different times with all the Matter in the Universe it would in all those distinct shapes be the same Individual Man Nor can a man be supposed in this case to differ more from himself than he does when he 's an Infant and just past an Embrio from himself when of Adult or decrepit Age he having in that line changed his Portion of Matter over and over has been fat and lean sick and well lost by Bleeding Excrement Perspiration c. gained again by Aliment and perhaps not one Particle or but very few of the First Matter which he took from his Parents and brought with him into the World now remaining How noble and how abstruse a Question is here handled with the greatest Brevity and Perspicuity in the World How knotty a Point render'd easie to any tolerable Understanding without losing one jott of its majesty or profoundness Here I should add that admirable desertation of the nature of Opium Vol. 6 Num. 4 Quest. 4. done by the Physician and that of ●…he fam'd Talismanical Science Num. 7 Vol 5 and of Specific Remedy and also the Qestions about several indifferent Matters Hate of the Angels Schism Equivocal Generation monsters Transfusion of Blood Muscular Motion in Lunatics Mutation Circulation and Abdication And the first Question of the 9th Mercury of the 5th Volume about Navigation all incomparably and concisely done by the same hand but that I have already transgressed my Bounds and I should injure these excellent Performances by abreviating them that of Navigation not being capable of being made one single word shorter than it is in the Mercury Tho' 't is impossible for me to run through all those Questions in Philosophy which this Learned and Ingenious Society have handled with equal Excellence yet I cannot but recommend the several Discourses relating to the Soul of Man for in their Volumes already publish'd they have discussed all that can any way relate to it The Quaeries I shall here insert which I question not will invite e'ery curious Enquirer to consult the Answers which are extraordinary 1. Whether the Soul be eternal or prae existent from the Creation or contemporary with its Embrio See Vol. 1. Numb 1. Quaery 2. V. 1 1. N. 6 12. Q. 1 3. this is very well answered 2. Transmigration of Souls V. 1. N. 7. Q. 6. 3. Is the Soul subject to Passion V. 1. N. 8. Q. 9. 4. What are the Souls of Brutes V. 1. N. 9. Q. 2. 5. Whether the Soul of Man knows all things to come but is hinder'd by the dulness of bodily Organs V. 1. N. 26. Q. 10. 6. In what condition is the Soul of an Infant as to its natural Faculties and what sort of Thoughts of the things it sees and hears may it be supposed to have V. 1. N. 2. Q. 13. 7. Whether Souls separated by Death from the Body retain their Inviduation or are all turn'd into one common soul Ibid. Q. 12. 8. In what part of the Body is the Soul V. 2. N. 1. Q. 13. N. 7. Q. 2. N. 29. Q. 5. 9. What defect is there in the Souls of Persons born Naturals V. 2. N. 2. Q. 4. 10. What are we to think of the Definition of the Soul that it is the first Act of an Organical Body having Life in Power V. 2. N. 2. Q. 7. 11. Whether Women have any Souls V. 2. N. 3. Q. 11. To which I join this Is the Soul of Woman inferiour to the Soul of Man If so will that superiority continue eternally V. 5. N. 3. Q. 2. 12. Whether the immortal Soul was breathed into Adam with the Animal or before or after V. 2. N. 5. Q. 17. 13. Upon a bare relation of any thing an Idea of the thing related is at the same time represented to the Imagination but when he speak of God or the Soul we have none at all The reason of this V. 2. N. 7. Q. 9. 14. Whether our Souls going out of our Bodies pass into any local circumscriptible place or whether they assume certain Vehicles or subtile Bodies retaining the same characterizing forms which their terrestrial Bodies had V. 2. N. 7. Q. 3. 15. Whether the separated Souls have any knowledge of Affairs in this World c. Ibid. Q. 5. 16. Whether separated Souls know one another since they have not the Organs of Seeing Hearing Speech Ibid. Q. 6. 17. Where do Souls go immediately on their separation from the Body Ibid. Q. 7. 8. and V. 3. N. 25. Q. 7. and V. 4. N. 29. Q. 1. V. 2. N. 7. Q. 10. 18. Whether has a Man three Souls or no viz. the Supream which they call the Mind the Sensitive which they call an Image and Rational which lies and knitts the other two together V. 2. N. 7. Q. 9. 19. What have the Philosophers guided only by natural Reason conceiv'd by the future state of the Soul
Ibid. Q. 11. 20. How are we to understand the Union of the Soul and Body since the Soul is pure immaterial Substance and the Body a gross organiz'd Substance Ibid. Q. 12. Vol. 3. N. 15. Q. 11. 21. Whether the Soul of Man be a Traduction or an immediate Infusion if the former what tolerable Exceptions may we have of the way and manner of a Bodies begetting a Spirit If the latter how comes it to be defil'd with original Sin V. 2. N. 16. Q. 15. In relation to this see also Num. 22. of the same Volume where several Objections about this are very well answer'd 22. Whether all Souls are equally happy in Heaven V. 3. N. 8. Q. 5. 23. Whether the Soul of a Child that dies after 't is quick in the Womb be happy or miserable eternally Ibid. Q. 6. 24. Whether the Souls of studious and learned men are more perfect in the World to come than the Souls of the Ignorant and Illiterate c. V. 3. N. 25. Q. 8. 25. Where 's the Soul of Man when in a Swoon V. 3. N. 29. Q. 3. 26. Whether the Soul after Death be in an active or unactive state during its subsistance without the Body V. 4. N. 28. Q. 5. 27. Whether the Soul can be absent from the Body for a limitted time without Death provided the Body remain tenentable Ibid. Q. 6. 28. Is the cause of Death or a separation of the Soul from the Body in the Soul or in the Body Ibid. Q. 7. 29. Whether the Soul does alwaies actually think or no V. 6. N. 6. Q. 2. There are other Questions relating to the Soul which I have not set down in this place the Brevity I am confin'd to not only denying me that but also room to make any mention of what other Philosophical Questions they have answer'd I must therefore desire the Reader to supply this defect in me by consulting their general Index which will be publish'd suddenly in an alphabetical order as they have given public notice there they will not only find what I have omitted but also all other Questions relating to the Mathematics Physic Law Criticisms Anatomy and all the other Branches of their Promise of answering all manner of Questions in e'ery Science and Art if of any Use or Advantage general or particular for I shall only here give a short Direction to two or three in each Science For Mathematical Questions therefore consult Vol. 1. N. 5. Q. 5. N. 15. Q. 3 of the same Volume and Num. 4. Q. 7 of the Sixth Volume For Physic see V. 1. N. 15. Q. 5. where is the original cause of the Gout See farther V. 5. N. 7. Q. 2. Q. 4 of the same Number Anatomy in general is well improv'd since Hypocrates learnt it of Democritus in the Suburbs of Abdera from the dissection of Brutes gathering the Anatomy of Man as the same Hypocrates testifies in his Letter to Demagoras And I am confident that by the Answers this Society have given in this Art which is a part of the Delphic Precept of Know thy self which thereforeis the reason I suppose Iuvenal says it must be kept in Heaven will make any impartial Judge sensible of their Ability in that as well as the rest of the Sciences for your own satisfaction see Vol. 1. N. 23. Q. 6. Vol. 2. N. 12. Q. 6 and several other places where the most curious thing in this Art are discuss'd For Law see V. 1. N. 5. Q. 7. V. 1. N. 18. Q. 12. and a great many other places For Criticisms V. 1. N. 21. Q. 7 9. and other places in the Sixth Volume I am sure the Wits will think it high time for me to dismiss these grave and sublimer Subjects and to come nearer their Province for I am sensible that Theology and Philosophy require too much of Thought and too much strength of Iudgment to be Entertainment agreeable to their airy Genius which relishes nothing but a trifling Iest a Quibble or at most a pleasant Banter as they call it These Gentlemen are so wholy possessed with the Spirit of G●…iety that they think all things dull that are solid tho' 't is very hard they will never give us leave to be serious under the severe Penalty of their Displeasure at our Performances But that they may have no cause to think I have quite forgot them if they will be so complaisant to meet me half way and give for once a step or two from their eternal Banter to true Wat I will now descend to gratifie these partial and incompetent Judges of Wit and Learning and shew them that the Athenian Society do sometimes unbend from their severer Studies to make a grateful mixture of the pleasant with profitable that they might not give the least cause to any to think their Endeavours any way imperfect But they make not a Business of a Delight or think that the Life of a man of Sence and Reason should be taken up with no higher Contemplation than the continual view of the lighter Performances of Wit This I must inform these Gentlemen that they 'l seldom find any of these easier Essays of this Society without a just mixture of Learning for that is so much a Part of them that it gives a lasting Beauty to their very Diversions I shall instance in one particular which some I am pretty sure without consideration have been pleased to exercise their unintelligible Talent of Banter upon I mean the Answer to this Quaery Whether Fleas have stings or whether they suck or bite when they draw Blood from the Body This Quaery we may see by the Author was sent by one of the fair Sex and the Resolution is compos'd not only of true Wit all the Similes being ex re nata not dragg'd from all the corners of the Universe to be cramm'd in by Head and Shoulders as those of some men are who have not gain'd a little Reputation by them but also of a curious enquiry into the form and parts of that little and domestic Animal which tho' so common yet of so wonderful a composure This I find the first Quaery of the 17th Number of the first Volume which if any true Judge of Wit will consult I question not but he will with a great deal of readiness subscribe to what I have said of it and only blame me for the Modesty of my Expression In the very next Mercury you will meet with a no less entertaining Discourse on this Quaery Whether Beauty be real or imaginary The Quaery is nice but the Answer is incomparably fine Farther let the Reader peruse the third the thirteenth the fifteenth and sixteenth Numbers of the second Volume The Subject of the two last I cannot pass over in silence 1. Whether it be lawful for a young Lady to pray for a Husband 2. A Lady desires to know when she shall have a Husband 3. Is it better to live single or