we did this day rejoyces in the calme when it comes and he is said to merit the Crowne that hath fought valiantly It is also very necessary that at such service as this was if we have time that we be carefull to bring off our Camerades bodies killed on service that died honourably before their enemies to be laid in the bed of honour in burying their bodies as becomes Christians We are also tied in duety to our Camerades that were with us in danger if either they be wounded or mutilated to care for their safeties so far as lieth in our power And we must not preferre the safety of our owne bodies to the publique weale of our Camerades and countrimen dead or living but we ought with the hazard of our owne lives to bring off the dead and hurt An example of this duety we have in the person of the President of Chassangue treating of the Iewes law that did command that the bodies of their dead enemies should not lie unburied Caesar caused to be buried the head of his enemy Pompey and wept at his death as Valerius Maximus reports in his fift booke and sixt Chapter Hercules is thought to have bin the first that ordained to bury the bodies of those killed on service and David calls them blessed that were so thankefull as to have buried Saul Indas Macchabie did cause to bury the bodies of the enemy killed in battaile and Alexander restored unto the mother of Darius the dead bodie of her sonne Hanniball did burie the body of his enemy Marcellus as Valerius affirmes It is also expedient for the common-weale that the bodies of the dead be buried and Leonard Darez reports that Cyrus Alexander and Caesar did recommend their funeralls to their friends as Lievetenant Rosse did his to his Captaine and me which we performed in the best manner we could for the time If Pagans had such regard to their burialls Christians should be more carefull whose bodies sometimes were the receptacles of the holy Spirit and of the immortall soule created to Gods owne Image Here also I would report the commandement that we reade in the second chapter verse 23. of the fourth booke of Esdras Where thou findest the dead put them in the grave with a certaine marke and I will give thee the first seate in my resurrection and the wise Ancients said men should looke unto the end My exhortation then is to all my worthy countrimen and women that were interessed in our losses in this dayes service to consider that when these gentlemen and Cavaliers were borne that they were marked and ordained to die honourably fighting in the good cause and for the liberty of our Kings daughter the Queene of Bohemia and her distressed Royall Issue under the magnanimous King of Denmarke our Master who for her Majesties libertie did hazard not onely his life but his crowne let them then that are interessed as said is in this our losse consider againe that they died with great honour and reputation seeing they live eternally in their fame having laid downe their lives as servants of the publique if not for their country yet at least as cannot be denied for the liberty of their Kings Royall Issue It then became them well to have died standing Therefore those mothers friends or Sisters are to be condemned that mourne for them that live after their death in their fame and though their griefe be great let them shed no teares for feare it become of them as became of that Ancient woman called Vicia mother to Futius Geminus who was killed at Rome for having wept at the death of her sonne that had lost his life in the publique service as reporteth Tacitus in his 6 booke of his Annals and our Saviour in the Evangelist Saint Luke doth forbid the widdow to weepe for her sonne that was dead and St. Paul writing to the Thessalonians saith Brethren I would not have you ignorant of the estate of those that are asleepe to the end you do not over-mourne as those do that are without hope Therefore let us forbeare all teares for those departed and if we should mourne let us mourne with teares even those most pretious teares for sinne these are the Christian teares that should be shed from our hearts to reconcile us unto God those teares are as the bloud of the soule hurt and wounded with the sense and feeling of our sinnes before God these are the teares that drawe Gods mercy upon us as David cried unto God in the 36 Psalme Thou hast counted my wanderings and put my teares in thy bottle are they not in thy Register Therefore though we be grieved at the losse of our friends and at the losse of the day Yet ô God make us thankfull unto thee for our deliverance that we may rejoyce at our owne safety The seventh Dutie discharged of our Retreat from Owldenburg unto Assens in Denmarke by Sea HAving thus past the day at Owldenburg the night the friend of Cowards coming on what we durst not have done by day being favoured by the mooneshine when all were wearied with hot service and toyle in the day begun to take rest and refreshment by their fires in the Leager all Guards relieved and centries set out being all of us after a great storme in a quiet calme we begin to take our retreat to the water our Generall being full of feare and suspition goes before and our Colonell also we follow having the avant-Guard according to our Orders for going a ship-board which orders were willingly obeyed perceiving the danger was to follow and in consideration that long before the Lievetenant Colonell Sr. Patrick Mac-Gey and Captaine Forbesse being hurt had retired for their safeties towards the Isle of Feamor and from thence to Denmark to be cured I supplying the place of the Major our Regiment orderly retiring from the enemy Captaine Mac-Kenyee and my brother Obstell who before were companions in the day of danger in the night did march together leading off the Regiment to be secured and I bringing up the Reare accompanied with some other Officers we had no doubt of our safe retreate the whole army being behind us made us halte the oftner taking paines to bring up our hurt and sicke men we marched but softly Py a Pyano at last by ten a clocke of the night we arrived on the shore and drew up in battell attending the Colonells command for shipping who had gone himselfe unto the Roade amongst the ships to provide shipping but could get no obedience the feare was so great amongst the marriners having heard the roaring and thundring of cannon and muskets in the day feare so possest them all that they lacked hands to worke and hearts to obey and the Colonell coming a shore without bringing of ships to receive us we made use of the time our Camerades the horsemen having come before us who ever begin confusion were without orders forcing ships to take in their horses and
night the enemy might enter the walles being thus doubtfull on both sides the enemy sends a Trumpeter to know if they will treate for conditions our Lievetenant Colonell having the command for the time in Colonell Holke his absence I thinke was glad of the offer to prolong time till his Majesty of Denmark might send a fresh supply Pledges delivered hinc inde a still-stand or cessation of Armes was concluded on by both parties for a fortnights time then Articles were drawne up to be advised on which continued in advising certaine dayes in the end the treaty being almost agreed on to the subscription orders come to our Lievetenant Colonell to dissolve the treaty seeing his Majesty of Denmark had folke in readinesse to come in all haste with Colonell Holke for their reliefe Whereupon my Lord Spynie a Scots Noble man with his Regiment with sufficient provision of money and Amunition were sent unto the Towne and being entred the treaty was rejected and made voide At this time also Sr. Alexander Lesly an expert and a valorous Scots Commander with some Swedens forces was sent to governe the Towne his Majesty of Sweden having condescended with his Majesty of Denmark that his Majesty of Denmark should dismisse the protection of Trailesound in favour of his Majesty of Sweden and to that effect the Danes forces should be drawne out of the Garrison for to give place to the Swedens in the meane time the command was turned over upon Sr. Alexander Lesly whom Colonell Holke did assist with the Danes forces till they were removed the absolute command being given to Sr. Alexander Lesly as Governour for his Majesty of Sweden In time of the still-stand I tooke a foare losse under my Lievetenant Colonell his hand seale to goe by Sea to Copmanhagen to be cured there seeing no Chirurgian in Trailesound would undertake to cut the bullet out of my knee without hazarding me to be same which to prevent I choosed rather though with infinite paine to keepe the bullet a fortnight till I came to Copmanhagen where happily I found better cure The eighteenth Observation TWo things we must respect so long as we live our inward integrity and our outward uprightnesse our piety towards God and our reputation amongst men the one makes our life famous the other our death happy so both together bring credit to the name and felicity to the soule Then whensoever our breath is made but aire we shall be blessed leaving a sweete odour behinde us and men will regrate our losse as at this time they did our hurt He whom before I was wont to obey and visite came now and visited me I not being able to stirre my Lievetenant Colonell came to comfort me having neede to be comforted himselfe by good advise how to defend the workes the second night a generall feare having possessed the hearts both of Burgers and Souldiers and I to encourage him did tell him a story of Augustus the Emperour who being neere death commanded that after his decease all his friends should clap their hands and laugh unfainedly as the custome was when a Comedy was well acted even so said I though I was sorry at our losse yet I was glad for being hurt when I looked to be kill'd and having acted my part of the play for that time and retired off the Stage all I could doe was but to minde my Camerads of their duties In the meane time the Enemies cannon having shot foure great bullets of a hundred and sixty pound weight out of morters through the top of my lodging even to the bottome where I did lie affrighting me still when my feete were not able to shift away my body yet recommending my soule to God I resolved he was well guarded whom the Lord had a care of and having delivered me from many dangers I still confided he would not suffer me to be smother'd under walles For which and all his blessings I doe infinitly thanke his Majesty in giveing me time to doe any thing that may please his Majesty for my deliverance To make my Lievetenant Colonell laugh I did tell him a story of a vision that was seene by a Souldier of the Colonells company that morning before the enemy did storme being a predictive dreame and a true One Murdo Mac-claude borne in Assen a Souldier of a tall stature and valiant courage being sleeping on his watch awakened by the breake of day and jogges two of his Camerades lying by him who did finde much fault with him for sturring of them he replied before long you shall be otherwise sturred a Souldier called Allen Tough a Loghaber-man recommending his soule to God asked him what he had seene who answered him you shall never see your country againe the other replyed the losse was but small if the rest of the company were well he answered no for there was great hurt and death of many very neere the other asked againe whom had he seene more that would dye besides him sundry of his Camerades he tould by name that should be killed the other asked what would become of himselfe he answered he would be killed with the rest in effect he describeth the whole Officers by their cloathes that should be hurt a pretty quicke boy neere by asked him what would become of the Major meaning me he answered he would be shot but not deadly and that the boy should be next unto me when I were hurt as he was This discourse ended I wished my Lievetenant Colonell to set all care aside and to looke to himselfe and to the credit of his Nation in maintaining of the place till the reliefe should come and so we parted Here I did observe that no city be it never so strong or so well beset nor no Armour be it of what proofe it will is able to encourage a fearefull heart as in this City and at this time were many of the Burgars Souldiers strangers Officers of women and children who were tormented by the feare of death and of their meanes whose feare was generally so great that they were bereft both of wisdome and courage as people given over so that their feare in some sort did frustrate their lawfull defences the like I did never see neither wish to see againe for the enemy could not though victorious put them in a worse habit nor make them seeme more miserable than I did see them at this time making themselves unfit to resist their enemies and they were all of them in mine eyes like to the sword-fish having weapons but they wanted hearts they had quaking hands without use and in a word if the enemy had seene them as I did he would rather pitty them as cowards then kill them like gallants Notwithstanding of this feare which possessed the burgars and those Souldiers that had not beene on occasion yet our Nation that are ever most couragious in greatest extremity failed nothing of their woâ—ted valour but having once retired to the Ravelin
both in peace and warre for seldome we see any goodnesse in the refusing to obey good orders And we heare ordinarily that one bad voice puts twenty out of tune and that it is the chiefe property of a good Souldier first to learne to obey well in keeping of good order and then doubtlesse in time being advanced he cannot but command well so that here in ordering of this as in all things we see vicissitudes and alterations some Regiments made up and continue in florishing order other Regiments reduced taking an end as occasion and accidents of warre doe happen Spynies Regiment was reduced and my Lord of Rhees Regiment is made up againe Where we see that as vicissitude maintaines the world even so concord is a great meanes of continuance as discord is too often of discontinuance and ruine Likewise we see that no estate is free from mutability and change which is the great Lord of the World who will be adored and followed as soone as order doth faile but where order is kept and concord as in this Regiment change hath no place to ruine though well to alter for order was so kept by this Regiment like to brave Souldiers who in a running skirmish come up discharge fall off flie and yet reinforce themselves againe having kept order in their proceedings which though now she admits of some change being reinforced againe and joyned together with the chaine of love and respect she admits of no confusion or ruine but is ready againe with her brave Souldiers being reinforced in a strong body to make head unto their enemies one day to be revenged of their former losses as God willing shall be cleered in the sequell of my discharge of dueties and observations of this new reformed body of the old Regiment My cozen Lievetenant Andrew Monro being killed in combat I have more then reason to condemne and disallow of that miserable sort of fight where oftimes the victorious puts himselfe in a worse case both of soule and body than he that is killed Yet this kinde of fighting hand to hand called Monomachia hath bin much practised both amongst Pagans and Christians even amongst all Nations as it is yet Of old it did serve for proofe of things hidden being in one rancke with the burning iron and scalding water to the end men might discerne the innocent from the guilty this kinde of violence of proofe was so common that Fronton King of Denmark made a law as reports the Saxon history that all differences whatsoever should be decided by the combat and Leoden reports that yet to this day they observe the same in Muscove But wise men finding this custome deceivable in deciding the truth and so uncertaine that many times the innocent doth succumbe and therefore it was forbidden by the civill and canon law as is evident by severall ancient constitutions inserted in the Decretalls Notwithstanding whereof amongst the Romans it became so common as to be thought but a sport which made the name of fighters esteemed of amongst the Romans as we reade in the Cod. Titulo de gladiatoribus and therefore this custome being displeasing unto the Emperour Instinian he commanded all should be subject unto the Iudge and said that valour without justice was not to be allowed of This combat betwixt those two was well fought of both in presence of many witnesses where it was thought that the Dutch-man was hard so that a sword could neither pierce him nor cut him This fashion of fighting is so common that we neede not illustrate it by examples of Histories either ancient or moderne but who so would satisfie their curiosity in this point let them but reade Preasack his Cleander 2 story well worth the reading And truely dayly experience teacheth us as in this accident that the end of combats doth shew often that he who appeales often times doth receive the reward of his temerite which might be cleâ—red by many examples amongst the ancients We have one very notable written by Quintus Curtius where Dioxippus the Athenian that brave fighter being all naked and smered over with oyle as the fashion was then with a hat of flowers on his head carrying about his left Arme a red sleeve and in the right hand a great batton of hard greene timber durst enter in combat against Horrat Macedonian carrying on his left Arme a bucler of brasse and a short pike in the right hand a jacdart-staffe as we terme it or something like it and a sword by his side at their approaching Dioxippus with a nimble slight and a pâ—etty cunning shift of his body eschewed the stabbe or thrust of the staffe and before the Macedonian could have wielded the Pike the other doth breake it in two with his cudgell and quickly closing with his adversary gives him such a knocke on the shinnes that he fell to the ground his heeles above his head tooke his sword from him and would have kill'd him with his batton had not the King saved him Thus much of combats which for my part though I cannot allow of neverthelesse I should be loath to refuse to fight in a just quarrell but would rather referre the successe to God to determine of then to let that be called in question which is dearest unto me The twenty-second Dutie discharged being the last under his Maiesties service of Denmarke of our expedition by water unto Holsten HIs Majesty being resolved in Aprill 1629 with his sword in his hand to conclude a settled and a sure peace with the Emperour or otherwise to free Holsten and Yewtland from the tyranny of the Emperiall Army and to that effect his Majesty did gather his forces together to a head in Denmark where they were to be shipp't for landing at Angle in Holsten so that orders were given to me his Majesty having provided shipping to transport our Regiment from all quarters and to meete at Angle Before our parting Captaine Forbesse of Tullough and Captaine Andrew Stewarts Companies were put on warre ships to lie before Wismar I having shipped with the rest of the Regiment we sailed unto Holâ—ten and landed at Angle where the Regiment being come together we were one thousand foure hundred strong besides Officers and having lyen at Angle till the peace was concluded his Majesty did thanke off or dismisse his Army save a few number that was kept a moneth longer till the enemy had marched out of the country we being discharged of service and having gotten our honourable passes we were directed by his Majesty to the Rex-marshall toward Fuâ—eland with orders from his Majesty that he should reckon with us and give us contentment accordingly The reckoning made we were forced to accept of two parts and to discharge the whole having made no reckoning but for us who were present leaving our Colonell being absent to make his owne reckoning thereafter with his Majesty Likewise his Majesty did give orders to the Rex-marshall to provide shipping and victuall for
advanced the mony wherof the English advanced no part Neverthelesse they had favor shewed unto theÌ„ in the restitution of their goods by the request of the Cavaliers who interceeded for them to his Majesty their country-men both Scots English This kinde of favour showne to Marchants by Souldiers occurres not often for sometimes the Souldiers the worst sort of them measured the packes belonging to the Marchants with the long ell and if this sort of dealing should but only happen to the churlish Marchant it were the lesse to be regarded but honest Souldiers should be ever honest in their dealings towards the rancke Merchants that have worth and discretion to respect Cavaliers being in neede and common Souldiers also as I have knowne by experience some worthy English Marchants to have done worthily in relieving the necessities of the common Souldiers of their country-men and therefore in my esteeme of all Nations for their charity they doe best merit the name of gentlemen Marchants We see also here that notwithstanding of the termes his Majesty did stand unto with the Duke of Saxon and with Tillie who might have come to have made a visit in Brandenburg his lands where our Army were laid in quarters Neverthelesse his Majesty was not afraid to leave his Army and to returne to Statin to give presence to the Russian Ambassadour and to dispatch him being alike ready to Governe the affaires of the state as he was to fight against his enemies he staied not long but having recollected his forces that were come from Sweden Spruce and Scotland giving them orders to march to old Brandenburg his Majesty getting intelligence Tillie was gone from Hessen he then begun to make the best use of the time The eleventh Duty discharged of our March to old Brandenburg THE first of Iuly the Swedens of Axellily his Regiment that lay in Barnoe and we did breake up having got orders to march to old Brandenburg being appointed then for the Generall Randevouz of our Army to come together at This Barnoe is a Towne in the Marke of Brandenburg renowned of old for brewing of good beere which during our residence there with the Swedes we did merrily try till that we had both quarrelling and swaggering amongst our selves who before our departure againe were made good friends reserving our enmity till we saw our common enemy and so we marched together following our orders towards old Brandenburg taking but easie marches being without feare of an enemy and being tied to no particular diet we tooke quarters where we found the best entertainment to be either in Dorpe or Towne Notwithstanding our easie march and good quarters there were some under both the Regiments unworthy the name of good Souldiers who in their march leaving their Colours and staying behinde did plunder and oppresse the Boores for remedy whereof the Souldiers being complained on accused and convicted they were made for punishment to suffer Gatlop where they were well whip't for their insolency Likewise on this march some of our Souldiers in their rancks their Colours flying did beate one another for which over-sight I did cashiere a Sergeant after I had cut him over the head for suffering such abuse to have beene done in his presence where such insurrection amongst Souldiers being in their armes might have brought the whole Regiment into factions where I alone was too weake for all my authority to command them asunder And therefore such faults ought ever to be suppressed at first and to be stilled by any Officer that chanceth to be neerest him who did give the first evill example Having marched three dayes the fourth we arrived at Brandenburg the Pest raging in extremity of the heate in the City we were commanded to quarter without in the fields and presently there was a certaine quantity of the workes about the Leaguer appointed for us within foure dayes to complete and make ready during which time Robert Monro Furer to Captaine Hector his Colours died of the Pest and was much regrated being a youth of good hopes Here also did dye of the plague Segeant Robert Monro Cullâ—crags sonne and Andrew Monro was executed at Statin for having contrary to his Majesties Articles and discipline of warre beaten a Burger in the night within his owne house for whose life there was much solicitation made by the Dutchesse of Pomeren and sundry noble Ladies but all in vaine yet to be lamented since divers times before he had given proofe of his valour especially at the siege of Trailesound in his Majesties service of Denmarke where he was made lame of the left arme who being young was well bred by his Parents at home and abroad in France though it was his misfortune to have suffered an examplary death for such an over-sight committed through sudden passion being Summum jus in respect that the party had forgiven the fault but the Governour being a churlish Swede would not remit the satisfaction due to his Majesty and justice The eleventh Observation THIS Regiment in nine yeeres time under his Majesty of Denmarke and in Dutch-land had ever good lucke to get good quarters where they did get much good wine and great quantity of good beere beginning first with Hamburg beere in Holsten and after that in Denmarke they had plenty of Rustocke beere and now at Barnoe and thereafter they tasted the good Calvinists beere at Serbest and our march continuing out of low Germany towards the upper Circles of the Empire as in Franconia Swabland Elsas and the Pultz they were oft merry with the fruits and juice of the best berries that grew in those Circles for to my knowledge they never suffered either penury or want I being the Leader but oftimes I did complaine and grieve at their plenty seeing they were better to be commanded when they dranke water then when they got too much beere or wine But my choice of all beeres is Serbester beere being the wholsomost for the body and cleerest from all filth or barme as their Religion is best for the soule and cleerest from the dregs of superstition Being once at dinner with the Rex Chancellor of Sweden having drunke good Seebester beere he asked me what I thought of that beere I answered it pleased my taste well he replied merrily no wonder it taste well to your palat being it is the good beere of your ill religion I asked his Excellence how the good wine on the Rhine would taste at Mentz being the good wine of a worse religion he answered he liked the wine and the beere better than both the Religions But I said to be his Excellence neighbour neare Mentz in the Paltz at Crewtsenach I would be content to keepe mine owne Religion and to drinke good Rhinish wine for my life time Nothing is more necessary on a march then to keepe good discipline without which there is no order nor feare of God amongst Officers that will suffer their Souldiers to grinde the faces of the poore by
all his will is so that he converts our noisomnesse unto health and our sinnes being ill he turnes them unto our good that eternall Governour triumphs in the Chariot of his providence and if willingly we follow him then freely as his Souldiers if unwillingly we must follow him as captives and servants We see then here by Gods providence the Duke was contented to joyne his Army with the Kings Majesties Army being come to Wittenberg to goe Conjunctis viribus against their common enemy the house of Austria and the Catholique league It had beene good for Madeburg this union had beene sooner concluded but the Lord would not have it seeing their punishments by Generall Tillies Army their scourge was decreed long before But now the Duke of Saxon terrified by their example thinkes it better to prevent such another wound by joyning with his Majesty being made warie by others fall for it is better late to thrive then never and it is better to prevent evill then to suffer and it was better for the Duke of Saxon to blush in time then out of time to grow pale for now being taken at the rebound Tillies Army being at Lipsigh seing his own house on fire to be relieved he offers his service to his Majesty damning himselfe soule and body if ever he will forsake his Majesty and his Crowne if then he would but helpe him to beate the enemy out of his country againe So that he which could not be tied with one knot before is now hard tied by foure great points which he was made to condescend unto on his honour and credit to have bin kept unviolable And his Majesty getting him once thus bound the way to make him sure was to make him fight that having dipped his hands once in the bloud of his enemies he was not suddenly to be clensed and this was the manner to tye him harder then the custome was of old amongst the Germans who were wont when they entred in confederacy to draw bloud in a Goblet of both their browes and drinke of it mutually for the more strict observance of their fidelities to each others But shortly after this confederacy was made much German bloud was drawne and of other strangers bloud to make the tie so much the harder and before the tie was broke his Majesties bloud was shed to the perpetuall disgrace of him that after his Majesties death forgetting his honour and credit did violate his confederacy made with the crowne as with the King our Master of never dying memory The fifteenth Dutie discharged of our March over the Elve at Wittenberg to Diben THE Conjunction agreed upon betwixt his Majestie and the Duke of Saxon all things sealed and subscribed his Majestie gave Orders to breake up with the Armie and to crosse the Elve over the bridge at Wittenberg for to joyne with the Dukes Armie the orders were obeyed with great contentment and entering into Saxonie we quartered the first night not farre from Diben the place appointed for our Randez-vouz the next morning we marched thither and were drawne up in battaile on the Fields where in the after-noone the Dukes Armie arrived being drawne up in battaile within Cannon shot of us the whole Officers of our Armie were commanded to be in readinesse on horse-backe to convey his Majestie for to welcome the Duke and his Armie which for pleasing the eye was the most complete little Armie for personages of men comely statures well armed and well arraide that ever mine eyes did looke on whose Officers did all looke as if they were going in their best Apparell and Armes to be painted where nothing was defective the eye could behold This shew seene by his Majestie and his Officers his Majestie returning the Duke with his followers did convey his Majestie to the sight of our Armie which being called to their Armes having lyen over-night on a parcell of plowd ground they were so dusty they looked out like Kitchin-servants with their uncleanely Rags within which were hidden couragious hearts being old experimented blades which for the most part had overcome by custome the toyle of warres yet these Saxons gentry in their bravery did judge of us and ours according to our out-sides thinking but little of us neverthelesse we thought not the worse of our selves The ceremony past we were all remitted to take rest for that night in our former quarters the next morning by breake of day we were called up to march where both our Armies were ordained to march on severall streets one Randezvouz being appointed for us at night within a mile and a halfe of the enemies Armie where being come to our Randezvouz by foure a clocke in the after-noone and drawne up in battaile our guards drawne out to watch were directed to their Postes and then we resting by our Armes as we were in battaile we slept lying where we stood that in case of a Alarum we were not to be found in disorder being ready to fight where we stood Immediately after the Armie was setled in Quarters newes was come to his Majestie in poste that the Castle of Leipsigh was given over by accord to the enemy As also that Generall Tilly with a mightie and strong Armie was come a mile from Leipsigh and was preparing for a Fight which newes did no wayes alter his Majesties countenance being resolved before for the like to have sought him to Fight So that being both willing and so neare it was easie bringiâ—g them together our baggage was appointed to goe backe to Diben our horse and foote watches were strengthened and we were in readinesse and refreshing first our bodies with victualls we slept till the nâ—xâ— morning The fifteenth Observation NOthing earthly is more pleasant to be seene than to see brethren in Christ coâ—joyned against Gods enemies for advancing of the glory of God in promoting of his Gospell and for setting at libertie those poore soules our brethren in Christ that were kept long under the yoke and tyranny of the house of Austria and the Catholique League their mortall enemies Who would not then for their liberties that were banished that they might one day retire to their possessions who would not I say be willing yea more who would not rejoyce having such a Leader as Gustavus was to hazard their lives for the weale of the publique yea more for the promoting of Christs Gospell Surely for mine owne part I was most willing and wished long to have seene a day wherein I might hazard my life in this quarrell in being one of the number of Fighters before I did come at it for many reasons but especially for the libertie of the daughter of our dread Soveraigne the distressed Queene of Bohemia and her Princely Issue next for the libertie of our distressed brethren in Christ and thirdly for my better instruction in the profession of Armes which is my calling for having before seene many occurrences that did belong to our Calling I longed to
Vlme where he was buried and there after my brother was killed by the insolency of some Dutch Souldiers which were of another Regiment not his owne who was also buried at Bachrach on the Rhine and his Lievetenant Colonell Iohn Monro discharging himselfe of the Regiment they were reduced at Heidelberg on the Neckar to two Companies under Captaine Adam Gordon and Captaine Nicholas Rosse which two Companies by the Chancellor his Orders I tooke from Palsgrave Christian his Armie and marched with them to Donavert where in Iuly 1633. I joyned them to my Regiment of whom I tooke leave leaving them under Command of my Lievetenant Colonell Iohn Sinclaire who immediatly afterward was killed at Newmark in the upper Palatinate and was transported to be buried at Donavert My Major William Stewart succeeded to the Lievetenant Colonell's place I being gone for a Recreut to my Regiment unto Britaine From that time to the Battaile of Nerling being a yeare they were led by Lievtenant Colonell Stewart brother to Claire And since I did not see the service I continue to speake of the last yeares Expedition till I be informed of those who did see the service as I did the rest The forty-two Observation being the last IN warres wisedome is of such worth that the spirit and skill of one Commander is sometimes better than thousands of armed men And nothing encourages an Enemy more than the foolishnesse and ignorance of their Enemies in warlike businesse But on the contrary he sleepes not sound that hath a wise enemy For a wise Leader doth all things wisely and it becomes not a Leader to use himselfe to vanitie or to intemperate appetites for how can he command others that never pressed to command his owne inordinate desires and brave Leaders of Armies and valourous Captaines should ever looke to their honour and renowne more than unto riches or pleasure spoyle or gaine quitting the spoyle of their Enemies to their Souldiers they ought to reserve the honour and fame for themselves for he wants not meanes but inriches his family that hath wonne credit and leaves it to his posteritie Our contestation then should be for honour and credit and not for unlawfull spoyle or gaine esteeming more of magnanimitie where ever it is found than of riches attained unto it may be through feeblenesse and cowardice lying in a Garrison having never seen an enemy or a man killed in the Fields when other Cavaliers did shew their valour before their enemies gaining more credit though lesse wealth which is of shortest continuance For we are not worthy the name of Souldiers if we glory as many doe more in gathering riches that perish faster than they come than we doe to get an immortall good name for we must thinke still that true honour doth consist onely in vertuous actions which should make us more ambitious of credit than of unlawfull gaine attained unto by avarice Here also we see great difference betwixt Leaders For after we had gotten Feltmarshall Horne to leade us we began by his valourous good Conduct to recover againe what others had suffered the Enemy to possesse and before he advanced he made his friends sure behind him as Vlme and the Duke of Vertenberg that alwayes in necessitie he might make a safe retreate as a wise Generall ought to doe looking what might happen So then we see that as Resolution is needfull Counsell is not to be despised coming from a stedfast minde for it is better to save our selves and others than to be the Instruments to lose both But when we have no time to resolve long in matters deplorable then resolution should have place before long advisement Here also I did observe that Generalls are forced to be ruled according to the occurrences in warre For the Feltmarshall thinking to get advantage of the enemies Armie he left the Garrison of Memming behinde him For he knew well if once he did beate or remove the enemies Armie he could deale the easier with the Garrison in subduing of it Moreover we see here how necessary Cannon are to a Generall to make a safe Retreate getting any advantage of ground Likewise we see here the goodnesse of Intelligence which is ever most necessary to an Armie without which no good can be done or effectuated Which made the Feltmarshall quit the gaining of Kempten to save the Country of Vertenberg by his diligence and celeritie in marching to gaine the passe before the Imperialists On the other part sloath and neglective watch is to be condemned while as through securitie Cavaliers suffer themselves to be surprised as became of the French Marquesse and Colonell Iohn Forbesse being both taken in their beds who ought rather through good Intelligence to have been on Horsebacke in the Fields before the Enemies comming Also the valour of those Cavaliers that made the Retreate good is worthy praise they having carried the tokens of their valour in their bodies for the safetie of their Camerades My Cosen Fowles being shot in the foot retired to Vlme to be cured who through the smart of his wound fell into a languishing Feaver and as the wound was painfull to the body so the sinfull body was painfull to the soule the body being endangered except the wound were cured and the soule was not sound till the bodies sinne were healed and both for six weekes did much smart the patient while as his wounds were dressed But though his bodily wound was incurable yet his soule was cured by the punishment of his body For all the time he like to a good Christian made himselfe night and day familiar by prayers unto God till he found reconciliation through Christ. So that his end was glorious having long smarted under correction though his life was painfull O happie wounds that killed the body being they were the meanes to save the soule by bringing him to repentance Let no friend then bedew their eyes for him that lived honourable as a Souldier and dyed so happie as a good Christian. My brother Colonell Monro of Obstell being untimely and innocently taken out of this life being a true Christian and a right Traveller His life was his walke Christ his way and Heaven his home And though during his life time his pilgrimage was painfull yet the world knowes his way did lead to perfection for he leaned still on Christ in whom he was made perfect And therefore let no man doubt that though his end was sudden but his home was pleasing being by his brethren after death made welcome to Heaven and though he travelled hard yet I perswade my selfe he walked right and therefore was rewarded and made welcome through Christ his Redeemer Shortly after him my deare Cosen and Lievetenant Colonell Iohn Sinclaire being killed at Newmark he did leave me and all his acquaintance sorrowfull especially those brave Heroicks Duke Barnard of Wymar and Feltmarshall Horne whom he truely followed and valourously obeyed till his last houre having much worth he was much
past by an Officer under his Majesty of Sweden such aâ— one may be made choice of to serve his King and Country before another Page 21 Letter D. Publia Cornelia Annia lived twenty yeares without once offending her husband Page 29 Letter Q. Publique employment ought never be given to greedy persons Page 85 Letter D. Pikemen being resolved men are best for execution Page 37 Letter C. In a Prince truth of all vertues is chiefest Page 45 Letter O. The Plague removed in the dog-dayes from Verben Leaguer wonderfully Page 49 Letter Y. Plumes or Feathers are sometimes tokens rather to cut men downe then of safety Page 70 Letter A. Protestation made by his Majesty to the Lords of Francfurt Page 87 Letter I. The Power of example seene in the following of Francfurt Page 90 Letter Q. Papenhaim relieved Madeburg Page 104 Letter S. The People of Nurenberg overjoyed at the sight of two Kings at once shed teares Page 111 Letter E. Palsgrave Augustus tooke in Heckstat on the Danube Page 115 Letter M. The Papists in Bavaria were hanged by their purses Page 116 Letter P. The Protestant Councilâ— at Ausburg did present unto his Majesty of Sweden Corne Fishes and Wine Page 118 Letter S. Piety where ever most there is most happinesse Page 119 Letter W. Papenhaim praised for his warlike exploits Page 136 Letter A. Papenhaim merits to be recorded for his resolute carriage and extraordinary diligence Page 142 Letter H. Papenhaim the first adventured after the battaile of Leipsigh with an Amy in Lower Saxon. Page 142 Letter H. Papenhaim compared to a crafty Pyrat at Sea Page 142 Letter H. Panicke feare doth betray many brave men Page 152 Letter Z. Papenhaim retired from Mastreicht and relieved Paterborne Page 157 Letter H. Papenhaim tooke in Milhousen and plundred Saltz Page 157 Letter H. Papenhaim tooke in Theanestade and caused hang three Burger-masters halfe dead Page 157 Letter H. Papenhaim immoderate in his victories Page 158 Letter K. It is Pitty pride should be oftimes cohabitant with valour Page 158 Letter K. Punnishment of cruelty though it come late yet sure it never comes light Page 158 Letter K. Papenhaim retired from Hall was killed at Leitzen Page 165 Letter X. Pencell or tangue can adde nothing to his Majesty of Swedens perfection Page 169 Letter D. Palsgrave Christian did neglect a golden oportunity at Rhine Page 173 Letter K. Some doe finde Pefection in the very jawes of mischiefe while as others flying from danger meete with death Page 174 Letter M. Q. The Queenes Majesty of Sweden proposed to other women for good example of patience Page 26 Letter L. R. Robert Rosse killed by the Cannon before Damaine Page 17 Letter Z. Robert Monro Furer and Robert Monro Sergeant both died at Brandeburg Page 47 Letter R. River of the Elve so shallow that the Kings Cannon were drawn through Page 49 Letter W. A Retreit most formall made by his Majesty of Sweden at Verben Leaguer Page 55 Letter G. Robert Monro Kilternes Son died at Vittenberg Page 59 Letter L. As the Rudder in a ship doth governe so God moves and governes the world and doth not stirre himselfe Page 60 Letter M. Resolution ought ever to be resisted with Resolution Page 92 Letter W. Rut-master Home of Carrelside praised for his valour Page 98 Letter D. The Rhinegrave retired from the Enemy with losse Page 98 Letter D. The Rhinegrave being modestly valiant had both remissenesse and courage Page 99 Letter F. Ramseys Regiment good seconds to their Countrimen Page 116 Letter O. Religion and justice are the fundaments of good society Page 119 Letter V. Religion is our guide to Heaven and on earth the Fountaine of our justice Page 119 Letter W. Being Rich in credit the want of externall things should never greeve us Page 123 Letter C. The Rhinegraves Regiment having taken seven Standards from the Spaniard chased them out of the Paltz Page 155 Letter X. Rich he is in God and not poore who ever is content with his Fortune Page 181 Letter S. Souldiers wonderfully delivered from danger at Sea Page 4 Letter L. The Story of Hugolene Depise remarkable Page 20 Letter B. Souldiers wives preferred to other women for many reasons Page 27 Letter M. Sempronius Gracchus choosed to die before his wife Page 29 Letter R. Scots resent soonest of all Nations the austere carriage of their Commanders Page 42 Letter I. Strengths or Forts are discouraged while as their secrets are discovered Page 42 Letter I. The Spade and the Shovell ever good Companions in danger Page 52 Letter K. Souldiers insurrection amongst themselves is to be avoided Page 47 Letter R. Serbester beere the best in Dutchland for the body as their Religion is for the soule Page 47 Letter T. Souldiers well rewarded will refuse no danger Page 50 Letter Z. The Scots Briggad with push of Pike disordered the enemies battailes at Leipsigh Page 66 Letter V. The Spoile was parted at Leipsigh Leaguer the enemy being gone Page 71 Letter E. Saxony was is and shall be sedes belli till the warres end in Germany Page 72 Letter I. The Scots Briggad was thanked by his Majesty of Sweden Page 73 Letter I. Sir Iames Ramsey Sir Iohn Hamilton force the passage on the Maine at Wurtzberg Page 79 Letter W. The Swedens entred first the storme at Wurtzburg castle Page 80 Letter Y. The Scottish Clergy esteemed of abroad Page 81 Letter Z. Sir Iohn Hamilton like to a Cavalier of worth did resent the wrong done to him and his Country at Wurtzburg Page 82 Letter A Skirmish at Oxenford in view of his Majesty by the Scots Page 83 Letter C. Sir Henry Vane Ambassadour for Britaine arrived at Wurtzburg Page 85 Letter E. Stanhem taken in by Accord Page 87 Letter K. Souldiers sometimes have pleasant marches Page 89 Letter N. A Scots Sergeant slaine with a Cannon bullet at Oppenhem drinking Tobacco by the fire Page 91 Letter S. The Scottish fashion of old was to fight pell mell with two handed Swords Page 93 Letter W. The Scots at his Majesties crossing the Rhine in the night did valorously resist the Spanish fury Page 93 Letter X. The Spaniard Enemy mortall to the Prince Elector Palatine of Rhine Page 93 Letter X. The Spaniards retire into Frankendall Page 95 Letter The Scots of Ramseys Regiment by scaleing the walls tooke in divers little Townes in the Paltz Page 101 Letter M. Scots Regiments divers were under Generall Tods Army Page 102 Letter O. Sharnesse sent to his Majesty of Sweden to treate for a Neutrality Page 10â— Letter P. Suspitions past betwixt his Majesty of France and the King of Sweden Page 105 Letter V. Sweden Souldiers did runne away from their Post at Donavert Page 115 Letter N. A Stone house a scurvy defence against Cannon Page 115 Letter O. Sweden Souldiers three hundred in one night slaiâ—â— before Engolstaâ— Page 120 Letter Z. A Souldier in one night could passe prentice for
resolution before Engolstat Page 120 Letter Z. Scots Officers advanced by Generall Major Ruthven Page 122 Letter C. Scots Regiments two were appointed at Minken in Bavier to guard two Kings Page 125 Letter G. Spoile in great brought out of Bavaria Page 126 Letter I. Scots Colonells two were unfortunate by their imprisonment Page 174 Letter O. Spire given over by Colonell Hornegt Page 135 Letter X. The Swedens convâ—yed the Spaniard toward Mastreight Page 135 Letter Y. Stoad beset againe with a Sweden Garrison Page 137 Letter A. The Swedens take in Coblentz and quit it to the French Page 138 Letter C. The Swedens beleaguer Benfeld in Alsas Page 139 Letter D. The Spaniard discommended for his conduct in the Paltz Page 141 Letter F. Spaniards they were not all that fled neither were they all Swedens that followed the victory Page 141 Letter G. The Souldier glorying in his poverty is contented with any thing Page 141 Letter O. Separation wonderfull of two Armies without a shot Page 154 Letter D. Stout he must be and wise also that cannot be surprised Page 155 Letter E. The Separation of loving friends compared to that death makes betwixt the body and Soule Page 155 Letter F. A Slight accord made at Rhine on the Leake Page 159 Letter L. Souldiers ought to setle their wives before they should be impediments unto them at service Page 161 Letter Q. Souldiers abstaine more from vice for feare of punishment then for obedience to Gods Law Page 162 Letter R. The Swedens after Leitzen resolved to revenge the Kings death Page 165 Letter Y. Souldiers having once conceived an evill opinion of their Leaders no eloquence is able to remove it Page 174 Letter N. The Swedens Army was left at Donavert 1633 for three moneths Page 178 Letter V. T. Terror in great amongst the Catholiques at Erford Page 77 Letter P. The Tyranny of our Enemies ought rather to be prevented then suffered Page 132 Letter T. The Townes about Nurenberg unhumanely used by Gallas Page 154 Letter B. Time nor number of yeares doth not make a good Souldier but the continuall meditation of exercise and practice Page 69 Letter A. V. The Valour of Lievetenant Colonell Walter Butler commended at Francfurt on the Oder Page 34 Letter Y. Victory is never peculiar unto any Page 50 Letter Z. The Valiant man would choose to die honourably when Cowards desire to live with ignominy Page 72 Letter H. In Vaine we murmur at things must be in vaine we mourne for what we cannot remedy Page 174 Letter M. Vnworthy they are of command who preferre any thing to the health of their followers Page 155 Letter E. VV. A Woman wonderfully delivered of a child a shipboard Page 6 Letter M. Our Wings the farther they are spread from us our bodies are the better guarded Page 10 Letter O. In Warres nothing can be well effectuated without the guide of intelligence Page 41 Letter H. Wirtzburg taken by accord Page 79 Letter V. The Want of feathers is a great impediment unto flying Page 87 Letter K. The Wings of the Empire were neare clipt by his Majesty of Sweden Page 108 Letter A. To Win credit we must rather seeke to our Enemies then to stay their commings Page 113 Letter I. Both Wise and stout they ought to be that leade Armies Page 1â—2 Letter Z. Wisdome force or power cannot pâ—â—vaile against that cause the Lord takes in hand Page 154 Letter D. Wallestine takes in the Castle of Plesingburg Page 166 Letter Wallestine his retreit after losing the battaile of Leitzen Page 165 Letter Z. Wallestine did goe about to fight more with craft and policy then with the dint of Armes Page 153 Letter A. Y. The Young Rhinegrave slaine 1631. Page 52 Letter A. Young Papenhaim valorously did keepe out the castle of Mansfelt Page 113 Letter K. Licence is granted for the printing of this Booke Hampton Court Decemb. 8. 1636. Iohn Coke FINIS H. F. obs English Colenells Lievetenant Colonells ct ct