onely from God 6. As the air without the light is as it were dead because it is dark and colde and will putrefie so is the body without the soule 7. As no man can shew by what bands the light is fastned to the air so is it extremely difficult to shew how the soule is fastned to the body This similitude wee see doth in many things fit this case but yet not fully For the light is not the essential form of the air onely this comparison doth in many things satisfie the question in that it shewes that the soule is in the body by Penetration or Immeation as they call it It pearceth thorow the whole body onely wee must take heed of two things First that wee imagine not the soule to bee in the body as in a place or as contained of it For the soule cannot bee circumscribed by the measure of a place wee may not imagine that the soule is iust as big as the body and no bigger For though it bee true that the soule is in the body and the whole soule too yet it is not contained there as bodies bee contained in their places For rather the soule sustaineth the body Secondly God is said to bee in vs and so is the soule but not alike For God is in vs by his vertue and grace and operation but not as our former whereas the soule is the forme of the body and both make one man Quest. But some one will say Can it not bee shewed by what band the soule is tied to the body Ans. Some diuines and Philosophers vndertake to determine that and say that God hath created in the body of man a certaine humour which is fitted for this vnion and so they say the soule is vnited to the body by the vitall spirits which are of nature mixt partly Corporeall and partly Spirituall For as those vitall spirits doe consist for the matter of them of the radicall heat and moisture in man so they are corporeall and as they haue an vnexpressable nimblenes in working or sparkling in the body so they draw neer to the nature of the soule and by these vitall spirits thus inliued are the soule and body ioyned together Quest. There yet remaineth another question and that is Where the soule resides in the body in what place is it centred Ans. The most say that the whole soule is in the whole body and the whole soule in euery part of the body Others say It is a vaine question seeing the soule is not in the body as in a place For it cannot bee measured by length breadth or depth but it is in the body as the essentiall forme is in the matter which cannot bee locally Others say that the soule is seated in one principall place of the body as the chiefe palace and seat of residence and is in all other parts by diffusion of vertues through the instruments thereunto fitted and placed of purpose by God in the framing of the body and thus the soule reasons in the head wills and affects in the heart sees in the eyes c. The chiefest mansion of the soule seemes to bee in the heart because it is the last that dies in vs. Sixtly hitherto of the vnion of the soule with the body The faculties of the soule follow There are three faculties or powers of the soul by which it works or there are three things which the soule effects viz. 1. Vegetation 2. Sense 3. Reason And thus the soule may be considered either as it workes vpon or by the body onely or as it works in and by it self chiefly Vpon the body by certaine instruments in the body it works vegetation and sense and by it selfe without the necessity of vsing the body it works reason The first power then is vegetation by which the soule works foure things distinctly vpon the body 1. Life 2. Nourishment 3. Growth 4. Procreation The first thing then by the vegetatiue power of the soule wrought vpon the body is life which is in respect of the body nothing else but the kindling the radicall and vitall heat in the body through the coniunction of the soule with the body and the continuation of that heat vntill the time appointed of God for the dissolution of it so that life is two waies to bee considered first either in the breeding of it secondly or in the continuance of it The breeding of it is in the very first moment of the vnion of the forme with the matter and by that instrument of the vitall or radicall heat The continuance of it is nothing else but the preseruation of the motion and duration of the working of these vitall spirits The second thing wrought vpon the body by the vegetatiue power of the soul is nourishment and this power of nourishing is a faculty by which food taken into the body by the force of naturall heat is turned into the substance of the body for the repairing of that which is consumed in the body And this is a work rather to be admired For the soule by the vse of naturall heat is faine to subdue the nature of the food receiued and hauing melted it as it were in a furnace it casts out what is contrary to the body and extracts for the vse of the body so much as is now made like vnto it The third thing which the soule works vpon the body by the vegetatiue power is growth and this it doth by imploying that part of the food which is now made like to the body vnto the extension of the body vnto the Dimensions thereof euen to the increase of bignes and force which increase for the conuenient actions of the body and this worke is done vpon the body but vnto a certaine time of mans age or till about 30. yeares and then because nature tends not into Infinitenes shee giues ouer this work Lastly Procreation is the fourth worke of the vegetatiue facultie of the soule by which it raiseth vp seed in the body and formeth in it a meere substance like vnto the body from whence it comes vnto the perpetuall preseruation of the sort of the creature And this is an admirable power For heereby liuing creatures doe approach vnto eternity and are made as it were immortall For though the body dye yet by procreation it is as it were kept aliue and so the kind of creature is perpetuated for the other two works of nourishment and growth onely serue for that body in indiuiduo but this power of procreating reserues the sort or species from ceasing to be Thus of Vegetation Sense followes The second thing the Soule workes either vpon or by the body is Sense and by this faculty a man in his body is enabled to discerne things without himselfe and accordingly to desire and moue to them which the former faculties did not reach vnto Now as the Soule workes sense vpon or by the body it must be considered two waies First
be obserued that though in sleepe the common sense and so the outward senses are all bound yet the phantasie and memory doe not cease but being now freed from the attendance vpon the intelligences of them or the outward senses as if they were at more liberty they are exercised more freely and often fall to new forming and compounding of the Images brought in before by the common sense and so erect a newe frame of things which are vented expressed by dreaming In which a secret and admirable working of God by the soule may appeare if wee consider the strange things are fashioned in our imagination in our sleepe yea the reasonable soule in sleep comes into this shop of the phantasie and there doth strange works which as I said are vented in our dreams in which wee finde as effectuall vse of reason as as wee had waking Thus of the soule as it worketh apprehension Now followeth it to consider how the soule works motion vpon the body It is out of all doubt that motion in the body is from the soule For of it selfe it is but a dead lumpe as it shewes it selfe to be when the soule is gone out of it Now the soule giues vnto the body a threefold motion First the vitall motion Secondly the motion of appetite Thirdly the motion from place to place The vitall motion giuen to the body by the soule is wrought two waies both by the pulse and by breathing both of absolute necessity to preserue life in the body The motion of pulse is begunne at the heart which is made continually to beat by the soule which beating of the heart begets those sparkles which wee call vitall Spirits arising out of the finest of the bloud which spirits are carried by the pulse thorow the arteries and they shine in the whole body according as their passages are more or lesse open Breathing is another strange motion of the soule in the body by which both aire is fetcht in continually for the cooling of naturall heat in the heart and other members and the spirits refreshed and also the grosse and more smoaky spirits are exhaled out of the brest Thus of the vitall motion The motion of appetite is a contrary commanding motion in the creature by which hee is inclined to take to him such things from without as he conceiues good and needfull for him and so likewise to auoid things hurtfull and so the soule begets diuers appetites and desires as the desire after food which wee call hunger and thirst and the desire after procreation and the appetites wee call affections or passions so farre forth as they are seated vpon the body and exercised by instruments in the body such as in generall breed sorrow or pleasure or passiueness in vs such as are ioy grief anger and the rest c. It were too difficult and too tedious for popular teaching to shew in particular and distinctly how the soule admirably worketh about each of these The motion from place to place is the last and this is a strong work of the soule driuing on the body to the motion of the whole or of some part of the body The body cannot remooue it self but it is of the soule that it is stirred vp and down for when the soule is gone it can mooue no longer And in vain were appetites or desires giuen to the creatures if this motion from place to place were not giuen because without it it could neuer compasse things desired Hitherto of the working of the soule vpon the body and those strange things it doth in the body by the faculties of vegetation and sense It is true that those things are done by the soules of brute creatures but as their soules differ exceedingly from the glory and excellency of the soules of men so are the effects vpon their bodies but certain glimpses of those things which are done exactly by the soules of men I mean in respect of the inward senses of phantasie and memory there is in beasts but onely a dark shadow of them in comparison of what is in men But for the third faculty of the soule which is reason therein men excell all creatures in this visible world and it is profitable for vs to know what God hath done for vs in our soules generally considered aboue all other creatures and so man excells in respect of his reasonable soule 1. In that hee can conceiue of things by the light of vnderstanding as well as by sense This light is admirable whether we conceiue of it as proceeding from GOD who shines vpon the soule as the Sunne doth vpon the body or whether wee beleeue it to be a light conferred vpon the vnderstanding by which from within it discerns things 2. In that it can conceiue of things that neuer were in the senses as things absent that neuer were seen yea things altogether immateriall as Angels and vertues and vices 3. In that it can conceiue of the nature of God and discern God from his works 4. In that it can conceiue of things by a discerning reflexion as it can conceiue of it selfe and vnderstand that it doth vnderstand 5. In that it can distinguish between good and euill truth and falshood I say of the morall goodnes of things whereas the phantasie can iudge onely of so much of the naturall goodnes of things as they shew to the outward senses 6. In the largenes of the extent of our vnderstanding For the vnderstanding can in a small moment of time go almost ouer the world and view it all as it were at once whereas the senses are forced in within a narrow compasse 7. In that it can inuent things that neuer were in beeing and thus wee see daily what strange things for number and skill are inuented for the vse of the life of man by art and skill of mans vnderstanding in euery calling of men 8. In that the reasonable soule gouerns and appoints and crosseth and fetters and alters and rectifies the other faculties of vegetation and sense and in respect thereof can turn and tame and rule and order all sorts of other creatures 9. In that by begetting with strange variety it can make knowne what images are within whether begotten by the senses or by the minde it self 10. In that it is the faculty by which onely true blessednes is apprehended and attained 11. In that mans vnderstanding is made after a sort all things For the vnderstanding becomes the things vnderstood in that it doth conceiue a true and euident image of the thing to be vnderstood so that as man is the Image of God so hath he in him the images of all things printed as it were in his vnderstanding This is a most dreadfull dignity in the soules of men yea heerin he resembles God in the creation of the world for man's reasonable soule doth as it were form worlds of things in it self If any obiect that the sensitiue soule hath the images of
thus two things are implied for our information The one concerns Ministers the other concerns the hearers First Ministers may hence take notice of it that there can neuer bee hope they should perswade with all their hearers for sacrifices were heer and there once taken out of the whole herd And besides the hearers may hence see that they are neuer so effectually wrought vpon till they can giue themselues ouer to their Teachers and to GOD to obey in all things though they perswade them to leaue the world and binde them to the cords of restraint in many liberties they took to themselues before yea though they let their hearts blood by pearcing their soules with sorrow for their sins euen to the death of their sinnes 2. Cor. 8.5 and 7.15 Secondly at the day of Iudgement also Ministers shall offer vp their hearers to God so many of them as are found chaste virgins vnto Christ to whom they had espoused them before in this life 2. Cor. 11.3 And thus Ministers before they dy must make ready their accounts for the soules of their people Heb. 13.7 And thus of the sacrifices of Ministers Ministers haue another sacrifice too viz. the particular texts or portions of Scripture which they chuse out and diuide to the people as consecrated for their vse For diuers think that that phrase of cutting the Word of God aright is borrowed from the Priests manner of diuiding the sacrifices and especially from the Priests manner of cutting the little birds The little birds is his text chosen out of the rest and separated for a sacrifice which hee must so diuide as that the wings bee not cut asunder from the body that is he must so diuide his text that no part be separat from a meet respect of the whole Leu. 1.17 and 5.8 2. Tim. 1.15 Secondly the Martyrs likewise haue their sacrifices and that is a drink-offring to the Lord euen their owne bloud this part is readie to bee powred out as a drink offring to the Lord for the Church Phi. 2.17 2 Tim. 4.6 and though we cannot bee all Martyrs yet we should all deny our owne liues in the vowes of our hearts to perform our couenant with God if euer wee be called to die for Christs sake and the Gospel Thirdly the sacrifice of rich men is almes and wel-doing and those sacrifices they are bound vnto to offer them continually Heb. 13.16 Philip. 4.18 Prou. 3.9 Almes is as it were the first fruites of all our increase But then wee must remember that our almes bee of goods well gotten For else God hates robbery for burnt offering Isaiah 61.8 And in giuing wee must denie our selues and not seeke our owne praises or plenary merit in it for it is a sacrifice clean giuen away from vs and consecrated only to God and the vse of his spirituall house the Church And thus of the sacrifice proper to some Christians There are other sacrifices in the Gospel now that are common to all Christians And these are diuers For fiâ—st Christ is to bee offered vp daily to God as the propitiation for our sins God hath set him forth of purpose in the Gospel that so many as beleeue may daily run vnto him and in their prayers offer him vp to God as the reconciliation for al their sins and this is the continuall sacrifice of all Christians Without this there is the abomination of desolation in the temple of our hearts This is the end of all the ceremonious sacrifices the substance of those shadowes Those sacrifices serued but as rudiments to instruct men how to lay hold vpon Christ and to carry him into the presence of God and laying hands vpon his head to plead their interest in his death who was offered vp as a whole burnt sacrifice for their sinnes Wee are Christs and Christ is giuen vnto vs as our ransome wee must euery day then lay hold vpon him and see him bleed to death for our sinnes and bee consumed in the fire of Gods wrath for our sinnes Secondly a broken and contrite heart is a sacrifice God will not despise yea such hearts are the sacrifices God especially cals for from men Hee euer loued them better then all the outward sacrifices in the Law Psal. 51.17 It is the heart God cals for and yet not euery heart but a heart wounded with the knife of mortification that is cut and bleedeth in it selfe with godly sorrow for sinne and is broken and contrite with the daily confession of sinne This is required of all Christians and this very thing makes a great deale of difference between Christian and Christian Thirdly praier and thanksgiuing to God are Christian and holy Sacrifices as many scriptures shew Psal. 141.2 Heb. 13.15 Hos. 14.4 Psal. 51.21 Fourthly we must offer our selues our soules and bodies as a liuing sacrifice to God Rom. 12.2 2. Cor. 8.5 and that First in respect of obedience deuoting our selues vnto God liuing to him and wholy resolued to be at his appointment Psal. 40.6 Loe I come to doe thy will this is in stead of all burnt offerings Secondly in respect of willingnes to suffer affliction of what kind soeuer as resoluing that through many afflictions as through so many flames wee must ascend vp to heauen as the smoak of the incense or sacrifice on the Altar Acts 14.21 Hence are trials called fiery trials 1. Pet. 4.12 Thus of the kindes of sacrifices which remaine vnto Christians The lawes about those sacrifices follow For there bee many things to to be obserued by Christians in their sacrifices if they would euer haue them acceptable to God which the shadowes in the old law did euidently signify as First the sacrifice must bee without blemish Malach. 1.7 which the same Prophet expounds Malach. 3.11 Our offrings must be pure offerings wee must tender them in the sincerity of our hearts Our sacrifices are without fault when wee iudge our selues for the faultinesse of them and desire they might haue no fault Secondly it must bee presented before the Lord and consecrated to him which signified that we must walk in Gods presence and doe all in the sight of God deuoting all to his glory Genes 17.1 Mic. 6.8 Thirdly our sacrifices must bee daily some kindes of them There were sacrifices euery day in the Temple and it was an extreme desolation when the sacrifices ceased so it must bee our euery daies worke to imploy our selues in some of those spirituall sacrifices Heb. 13.15 Fourthly There must bee an Altar to consecrate the gifts Math. 23.19 This Altar is Christ who is the onely Altar of Christians Heb. 13.10 Reuel 8.3 No seruice can be acceptable to God but as the Apostle heere saith by Iesus Christ We must doe all in the name of Christ Col. 3.17 Fiftly there must bee fire to burne the sacrifice This fire is holy zeale and the power and feruencie of the spirit in doing good duties The fire on the Altar first
declared himself that hee will not shew mercy or pity towards diuers sorts of offenders Thirdly that the things men vsually obiect will not be auailable to deliuer them from Gods wrath Fourthly what sorts of men in particular God will not be mercifull vnto For the first that men are apt to plead God's mercy when it belongs not to them is apparant through the whole course of Scriptures to haue euer been in the disposition of most wicked men they blesse themselues in their hearts when their iniquity is found worthy to be hated Psal. 36.2 They liue at ease and put far away the euill day from them Amos 6.1 3. They cry Peace peace when sudden destruction is made to come vpon them 1. Thes. 5.3 For the second that God will not bee mercifull to many a man that liues in the visible Church is manifested by many Scriptures as Deut. 29.19 Ier. 16.5 Ezech. 5.11 and 7.4 9. and 8.18 Hosh. 1.6 and 2.4 and in many other places For the third their excuses and pretenses are all vain for 1. If they stand vpon their greatnes in the world it is certain that riches will not auaile in the day of wrath Iob 36.18 19 c. 2. Nor will it help them to be born of godly Ancestors for rather than God will bee tied to the wicked seed of Abraham hee will raise vp children of the stones to Abraham Mat. 3. 3. Nor can multitude priuiledge them For though hand ioin in hand yet sin shall not go vnpunished and God turns nations of men into hell Psalm 9.17 4. Nor will their outward seruing of God serue their turn It is bootlesse to cry The Temple of the Lord the Temple of the Lord if men redresse not their waies Ier. 7.4 8 9 10. 5. Nor wil it help them that some Ministers speak comfortably to them and by their preaching they may expect mercy for GOD will iudge those Prophets that strengthen the hands of the wicked The stubborn people were neuer a whit the safer when the Prophet told them they should haue peace and no euil should come vnto them but the Lord protesteth that the whirl-wind of his fury should fall grieuously vpon the head of the wicked for all that Ier. 23.15 19 20. that at length they should consider it perfectly and the Lord threatneth that he will rent the wall of security which the Prophets haue built with vntempered morter that he will rent it euen with the fierce winde of his furie and there shall be an ouerflowing showre in his anger to consume it Ezech. 13.10 to 15. 6. Neither may the patience of God proue that he meanes to shew expected mercy for though a sinner prolong his daies an hundred times yet it shall not be well with the wicked nor ought he to settle his heart the more freely on his sinne because sometimes it is not speedily executed for God will finde a time to set his sinnes in order before him and then he may teare him in peeces and none can deliuer him Eccles. 8.11 12 13. Psal. 50.19 7. Neither will it ease them that there are so many promises of mercy in Scripture For they are limited and besides in diuers places where mercy is promised the Lord explains himselfe by shewing that he will not cheere the wicked Ex. 34.7 as was alleaged before so Nahum 1.3 and v. 7. compared with the 6. 8. Neither will their Baptisme helpe them for neither Circumcision nor vn-circumcision auaileth any thing but a new Creature Gal. 6. Ob. If any say But though they be not now vnder mercy yet hereafter they may bee vpon Repentance Ans. I answere that in this they say truely but yet not safely For many men that haue promised themselues the late Repentance and mercy haue died in their sins before they could euer repent And thy times are in Gods hands thou knowest not when nor how thou shalt die and therefore the surest way is Now to turne to God with all thy heart as they were counselled more at large Ioel 2.12 13. Now for the fourth it may awake some sort of offenders the more effectually that besides the generall threatnings against wicked men they in particular are assured that they are not vnder mercy As first such as shew no mercy to men Iam. 2.13 and such as transgresse of malicious wickednesse Psal. 59.6 and such as are people of no vnderstanding Esay 7.11 and such as walk after the imaginations of their owne wicked hearts and will not harken vnto God Ierem. 16.5 10 12. and such as blesse themselues in their heart when they heare the curses of the Lawes Deut. 29.19 and such as steale murther commit adultery and sweare falsely Ier. 7.9 and many other particulars Catalogues might be instanced in all the seuerall Scriptures the Prophet Malachy puts in such as deale corruptly in tything and offring Malach. 1.8 9. To conclude the counsell of the Prophet Ieremy is excellent in this case who most effectually speakes thus Heare yee giue eare bee not proud for the Lord hath spoken Giue glory to the Lord your God before hee cause darknes and before your feet stumble vpon the dark mountaines and while yee look for light hee turne it into the shadow of death and make it grosse darknes But if you will not heare my soule shal weep in secret for your pride and mine eye runne downe with teares Ierem. 13.15 16. Vse 2. Secondly the consideration of this doctrine may iustify the practice of godly Ministers that denounce the iudgements of God vpon their hearers that liue in sinne without repentance It is their duty to shewe them that they are not vnder mercy they are required to cry aloud and to shew Gods people their sinnes Esay 58.1 And the Prophets that cried peace peace are extremely threatened of God so as for not warning the people the blood of their soules is required of the Prophets Ezech. 33. verse 2. to 10. Vse 3. The third vse may bee therefore for the singular humiliation of wicked men that liue in the assemblies of Christians Though they haue obtained a place in Gods Church yet they haue not obtained mercy but liue vnder the fearefull displeasure of God and this is the more terrible if they consider three things First that this is the case of multitudes of men in the Church but a remnant are vnder mercy which will appeare more distinctly if you draw out of our assemblies such as in Scripture are expresly said not to bee vnder mercy as 1. Take all such as yet liue in their naturall Atheisme that mind not God nor Religion that onely care for earthly things and shew it by a constant either neglect or contempt of the publike assemblies of Christians amongst vs These cannot obtaine mercie because they refuse to heare Gods voyce and to seeke to the ordinary meanes of mercie Isaiah 50.1 2. Heb. 3.7 2. Draw out then secret offenders such as sinne in the dark and say Who seeth vs
wrath or griefe or lust or the like may come infection to the childe but not from their soules Thirdly rather the Argument may be retorted vpon them that in asmuch as the soules of all children are not like in qualities to the soules of their parents that therefore they receiue not their soules from their parents Obiect 5. Genesis 9. Leuit. 17. The soule is said to bee in the blood Now it is euident that the blood is from the parents Solut. The soule is in the blood but how By the effect of it which is life otherwise the soule is neither deuoured in the bloud nor depends vpon it in it selfe Obiect 6. It is said Genes 2. That God rested from all his works Now if hee did daily create newe soules then hee rested not from all his works but continues creation still Solut. The meaning of Moses cannot bee that God rested simply from all creation For then it must needes follow too that the soule of Christ was not created but propagated which cannot bee true But his meaning is that he rested from creation of things in specie hee made no more newe sorts of things That hinders not creation in indiuiduo which is a work of God preseruing those sorts hee had made at the first by creating successiuely a new supply as in this case of the soules of men That God did not rest absolutely is plaine by the words of our Sauiour Christ My Father worketh hitherto and I work Iohn 5. Fiftly hitherto of the Originall of the Soule The vnion of the soule with the body followes which is a consideration of no lesse difficulty then the former no lesse needfull to be knowne no lesse certaine That it is vnited to the body so as to make it one man is apparanti by the words of God in the creation Hee breathed into him the breath of liues and so Adam became a liuing soule Hee became then a man or a liuing creature distinct from other creatures vpon his coniunction of the soule with the body And by this vnion with the body doth the Spirit of man differ from the Angels who are Spirits separate and such as exist without relation to a body wheras the soul of man in the creation of it and the disposition of it also tends vnto this coniunction with the body and doth not fully exercise it selfe liuing without the body and that is the reason why man is not absolutely perfect after death in his soule till the day of Iudgement For though the soule doe enioy an estate free fron sinne or paine or misery yet two of the faculties of the soul are without exercise till it bee vnited againe to the body viz. the faculties of vegetation and sense which cannot bee exercised but in the body The manner how the soule is vnited to the body is full of difficulty to expresse The question is whether the soule work vpon the body from without and so is by that means ioyned to it or whether it be placed in the body and work there and from thence This later is the truth for the soul doth not work from without which I shew by a comparison The light the eye are ioyned together in seeing but how The light from without extends it self to the eye and so is ioyned to it so is not the soule ioyned to the body but is seated within the body which appears so partly by experience for wee may all perceiue that our thoughts reason will affections c. doo discouer themselues within vs and it is manifest that God infused the soule not vpon the body but into the body seating it within vs. The soule then is within the body and so ioyned to it but how Diuines haue sought out diuerse similitudes to expresse their mindes And first to shew how it is not ioyned First not as water and the vessell that holds it are ioyned by contact or touching one another for the soule is not a bodily substance and therefore cannot be ioyned by touching nor doo the water and vessel make one thing as the soule and body doo one man nor do they work together as the soule and body doo for the water doth all the work therof in watering or clensing without the vessell Secondly not by mixture as water and wine are mingled together for things mingled cease to be what they were for there is no longer water nor wine now they are mingled nor is the soule materiall to suffer such a mingling Thirdly not as the heat of the fire is vnited to the water when the water is heated for though the heat bee ioyned to the water as the former yet it is but an accidentall form and they are one by accident not per se. Thirdly not as the voice is in the aire for though the voice be dispersed abroad the air and doo likewise carry something to the vnderstanding besides the sound yet doth not this reach to express the vnion of the soule with the body For the voice is not the form of the air nor is it conceiued in the air without the breaking of the air and besides it presently vanisheth whereas the soule is a substance and doth not easily depart out of the body Fiftly nor as the Mariner is in the shippe with the Gouerner for the dispatch of his iourney for though the body be as a tabernacle wherein the soule dwels yet that similitude doth not express this vnion because the soule body make one thing whereas the ship and the Mariner do not make one thing but are two distinct sorts of things yea the soule and body are so one that by sympathy what one suffers the other feeles whereas the wounding of the Mariner is not the tearing of the ship or contrariwise There are two similitudes doo more neerly reach this Secret The first is of Christ. For as God man make one Christ so the soule body make one man But I will not meddle with the breaking open of that dreadfull mystery The other is of the light of the Sun in the air for there are many things in this comparison do fitly resemble this diuine light which is our soules as they are ioyned to our bodies 1. This light doth fitly resemble the soule because it is a thing that cannot bee corrupted or diuided 2. This light doth so pearce into and penetrate the air that they are both made one and are not separated so doth the soule the body 3. The light and the air though ioyned together are not confounded or mingled together for the light remaineth light and the air the air so is it in this vnion between the soule and the body 4. The light is so in the air that the air beeing smitten yet the light is not touched nor diuided nor carried about as the air is so doth the soule remain vnpearced though the body bee wounded and fall yea and die too 5. As the light is onely from the Sun so is the soule
7.1 Doct. 4. The fourth doctrine is that wee are cured by Christs stripes His sufferings heale our sorrowes His wounds make vs whole His sicknes offers vs health and his stripes heale vs partly by satisfying for our sinnes and so remouing the cause of our diseases both spirituall and corporall and partly by an vnspeakeable vertue of his Passion which being applied to our soules makes our sins dye And this point may serue for vse many waies Vses First for information and so it may shew vs the wonder of Gods working that can doe great things by meanes in respect of vs altogether vnlikely Wee hold it a thing almost beyond beliefe that the applying of medicines to the sword that wounded a man shall make the wounds heale in a man But this heere is a mystery that onely the Christian Religion can tell of of which there neuer was president in nature that The wounding of one Man should heal another or that the stripes of the Captaine should cure all his diseased souldiers and yet thus it is euen thus is the Lord pleased to glorify the power of his working Secondly we may hence bee informed of the precious vse of euery part of Christs sufferings not his dying onely doth vs good but euery thing hee did endure His stripes cure our wounds his shame wrought our honour His temptations draue the diuels from vs not any thing was done to him by his aduersaries but GOD made it work for our good Shall wee then dare to take offence at the crosse of Christ Haue we not reason to glory in it aboue all things Thirdly doe we not heere see how hatefull sinne is in Gods sight and how foule our diseases are when nothing can cure vs but Christs blood and that must bee fetched out of him with the best stripes which the hands of the wicked inflicted vpon him Oh the hardnes of our hearts that can see Christ thus vsed for our sinnes and yet are not perswaded that sinne is hatefull to God! Oh how should wee bee sorry for our Sauiour and mourne to think of it as wee would for our onely sonnes Would it not grieue vs at the heart if we should see the young Prince the Kings sonne basely whipped by our aduersaries only for our affaires Oh what hearts haue we that as bad as they are would be melted to see this done to a Kings sonne and yet are not troubled to knowe it was done to Gods Sonne Fourthly we may see what wicked mallice will doe if it bee not restrayned to disgrace our Sauiour to get a sentence against him to binde him hand and foot yea to kill him will not serue their turnes vnlesse they may most basely scourge him before hee dies That malicious men now doe not alwaies so is not because their malice doth not tend to it but because either God or man restraines them It is a most diuelish humour and therefore to bee auoyded and detested of all those that loue the Lord Iesus Vse 2. Secondly how many waies should this instruct vs what care the Lord Iesus requires of vs what should not this make vs willing to doe Oh how should wee loue him with all our hearts aboue all the world that could endure to bee thus abased euen vnto stripes for our sakes when hee could haue preuented it if hee had pleased what a shame should it bee to vs to bee impatient or to think much of our crosses who though wee had suffered many things yet not so grieuous as those things befell our Sauiour Yea further it should encourage vs to suffer any thing for Christ and the rather because wee haue not resisted to stripes or blood nor cannot now suffer the thousandth part for him of that he hath suffered for vs. Thus of the healing of our soules These words also may bee expounded of the healing of our bodies as we shewed before and so the like doctrines may bee obserued as Doct. 1. That the bodies of all men by nature neede healing For sinne hath brought vpon man the sentence of deformities and infirmities and diseases and wee see God doth inflict diseases vpon many and that of diuers sorts and many men that for the present are free from the paines of diseases yet haue their enemies in their bodies in diuers parts of them laid as it were in garison which may and will break out vpon them at a time they know not or if they were not there the Lord from without can send diseases vpon them The world is euery where full of occasions of sicknes or if there were not outward meanes to worke them yet God can strike men from heauen Vse The vse should bee to warne such as are in health to walke humbly For they know not how soone sicknes may seaze vpon them Secondly such as haue their friends taken away by sicknes or are yet afflicted should submit to Gods will For this is the case of all men euen the greatest yea and Gods elect are liable to such a condition by nature Doct. 2. The diseases of the body are grieuous therfore Christ takes notice of that kind of distress to prouide for the healing of our bodies We see by experience that of many sorts of crosses it is most grieuous to beare the paines that arise from the wounds or sicknes of the body and it is the more grieuous partly because no men are priuiledged from diseases but either haue them or are in danger of them as was said before and partly because God hath armed such a multitude of sorts of diseases to which the body of man is liable Vse Therefore the vse should bee to take warning from these pains of the body to preuent eternall paines in hell by reconciling our selues to that God that can so fearefully afflict both body and soule and as wee feele the outward man to decay the more to labour for the health of the inward man especially by those harbingers of death to prouide for the time when our change shall come Doct. 3 Christ is a Physician for the body of man as well as for the soule In Christ our bodies may be healed Christ prouided healing for mans body as well as for his soule and mens bodies he heales either in this life or in the generall Resurrection First in this life some hee hath healed by miracle as hee did multitudes in the daies of his flesh while hee was heere in this world which he did in execution of his office as hauing charge of mens bodies and some hee healed by meanes giuing his blessing vnto the medicines prouided in nature and applied by the skilfull to the diseased yea hee vndertakes the healing of all Gods Elect in their bodies as this place imports which hee doth promise and will performe if it bee good for them Many times to heale the body would hurt the soule or keepe the leper from heauen and then Christ will not heal them else he vndertakes and is bound
are his sheepe Zach. 11.7 such as heare his voice and depend onely vpon it and will follow Christ Iohn 10.3 4 5 27. Lastly wee may hence gather how wofull the estate of such people is as either haue no shepheards or euill shepheards set ouer them Zach. 11.4 5. Ezech. 34.4 And Bishop of your soules The godly haue Christ to bee the Bishop of their soules That this point may be more distinctly and profitably conceiued of I would consider of foure things in the explication of it First the vse of the tearme Bishop heere giuen to Christ It was before the Apostles time a foren word much vsed in prophane writers For the originall word heere rendred a Bishop was a tearme giuen to watch-men and spies and ouer-seers of works and sometimes to any sort of Rulers In the Apostles time it seemes the tearme was impropriated and giuen onely to Ministers that had charge of soules For the Apostles appointing certaine men to looke to the bodies of Christians which they tearmed Deacons they appointed other eminent men to looke to the soules of Christians whom they tearmed Bishops as appeares Phi. 1.1 Acts 20.28 In the time of the Apostles the tearme suffered yet a more strict impropriation and was giuen to some especiall Ministers that had Charge not onely of the people but also of the Clergy and in time in some Churches vnto these choice men of the Ministery were added the titles of Barons iurisdiction and power of censures sole power of ordination and the like In this place the Apostle giues the tearme of Bishop to Christ as the first and principall Ouerseer of our soules to whom the charge of their originall doth belong Secondly we must note that Christ is not said to be a Bishop of our soules but The Bishop of our soules which imports that hee is such a Bishop as there is no other like vnto him That charge that Christ hath of our soules hee hath it alone There is no Bishop like to Christ our Bishop for 1. There is no good Bishop but hee For he died for the soules hee hath charge of and so doe not other Bishops and whereas other Bishops may bee vnrebukeable in respect of men sometimes he is vnrebukeable in respect of God and men too neuer any Bishop liued so well or did so much good or loued good men and promoted Gods cause so much as Hee 2. No other Bishop can instruct the flock as hee doth For hee can make his people profit because hee teacheth inwardly whereas they can teach onely outwardly and hee instructs all his flock and makes them all to knowe God from the greatest to the lowest of them which no other Bishop can doe 3. Hee is the onely Bishop because all other Bishops must giue accounts to him 1. Pet. 5.3 4. Hee is the vniuersall Bishop of all soules other Bishops haue their particular Charges or Churches but he hath the charge of all the flocks vnder heauen All Parishes are within his Charge 5. All other Bishops haue their ordination from him they haue no authority but what they receiue from him Acts 20.28 6. Because no other Bishop can take the absolute charge of our soules they are not able to keepe vs our soules haue many diseases which they cannot cure and are assaulted with many aduersaries which they cannot resist c. 7. Because he is a heauenly Bishop they are but earthly and diuers parts of his office hee executes in heauen whereas other Bishops can doe nothing for vs but on earth 8. Because hee is the onely Law-maker the onely Law-giuer to our soules other Bishops can make no lawes but by his authority Iam. 4.11 9. Because the other Bishops may require goodnes in their flocks but cannot make them good hee can make all his people righteous hee is the Lord and their very righteousnes Iere. 23.6 10. Other Bishops die and leaue their flocks vnprouided but he liues euer neuer forsakes his Church but is with them to the end of the world Thirdly who are the charge of Christ Not all that are found in the Charges of other Bishops hee will not stand to our diuision of Parishes he counts by Election and righteousnes All that the Father hath giuen him are his Charge and none else The coherence shewes they are onely penitent sinners Fourthly the happines of such as are vnder his charge which must needs be great O! it is a great comfort to a poor sinner to knowe that Christ hath a Charge of his soule for he shall be sure that Christ will feed his soule and nourish it vp by his Ordinances and will keep him to eternall life and vse him with all tendernesse and compassion A bruized Reed hee will not break and the smoking Flax he will not quench The particulars are metaphorically handled before in the consideration of the benefits wee receiue from Christ as a Shepheard Vses The vses follow and so First for information and so first wee may heer take occasion to think of the preciousnesse of our soules for as they are made of better stuffe than all this visible world being spirits and were redeemed with a greater price than would haue been laid down to redeem this whole world so it heer appeareth because God sets his owne Sonne to tend our soules which should make vs make more reckoning of them and not be so carelesse of them It were an ill bargain To winne the whole world and lose our owne soules Secondly in that he takes Charge of our soules it imports that his Kingdome is not of this world and that he leaueth our bodies and outward estates to the charge of the Kings and Rulers of the earth hee claimes himself chiefly the Charge of our soules Thirdly in spirituall things it is imported that we are to be subiected to such as haue the ouer-sight of vs onely so farre forth as they command vs in the Lord and not otherwise Other Bishops haue their power subordinate to Christ and must in all things see to it that they doo nothing against Christ. Wee are subiect first and originally to Christ the Charge of our soules properly belongs vnto him Fourthly we may heer see what need our soules haue of looking to if they were not in great danger and subiect to many diseases and necessities Christ had neuer taken such a peculiar Charge of them Fiftly it imports the abiect estate of all grosse offenders for if Christ bee the Bishop of soules they cannot belong to his charge For wise and godly men as much as lieth in them cast out notorious offenders and protest against them and therefore will Christ much more cast off and refuse all such seruants of the diuell and the world and Antichrist as will not beare his yoke Sixtly it imports that all Bishops must haue ordination from him and therfore such as cannot shew their calling from Iesus Christ are plants which he will root out Secondly for consolation to