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A31012 A sermon preach'd June 1, 1699, at Feckenham in Worcester-shire, before the trustees appointed by Sir Thomas Cookes, Kt. Bart. to manage his charity given to that place by John Baron ... Baron, John, 1669 or 70-1722. 1699 (1699) Wing B879; ESTC R10496 18,182 44

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encourage Learning These I conceive excel other kinds of Charity in two respects 1. Because the Benefit of them reaches to the Soul as well as to the Body 2. Because the whole Kingdom reaps advantage by these whereas several other kinds of Charity terminate in particular Persons or in one Body or Society 1. The Benefits of those charitable Settlements which are designed to promote and encourage Learning reach to the Soul as well as the Body To do good to our Brethren in any respect or capacity is very commendable but since the Soul is the better part of the Man 't is proportionably a more noble design to provide for that than for the Body The wants of the Mind are most importunate and the necessities of the Flesh may be better born or more easily supply'd than those of the Spirit Hunger and Nakedness are not of so fatal a consequence as Ignorance and Error and however mean the Accommodations of the Body are that the soul be without knowledge is not good 'T is better to be poor than unlearned This I suppose will look like a Paradox but I truly believe it was the opinion of the most eminent among the ancient Philosophers who in a right sence despis'd Dominions and slighted Dignities being chiefly careful about regulating and improving their intellectual Faculties They knew that to have their Understandings clear and free from prejudice and error to be able to think methodically and argue closely to have their Wills set strait and their Affections under the conduct and discipline of Reason was a Perfection and Happiness wherein they excell'd the generality of Mankind as much as some in human shape do the Beasts that perish And here let us suppose a Child to be born in the Wilderness to grow up to Manhood without any instruction and information to have no notices of things no rules and directions for the government of his Life communicated to him by others verily there would not be a more miserable Creature upon the face of the Earth We should find him dull and stupid froward and obstinate churlish barbarous and untractable ignorant and yet hating instruction unable to judge aright and therefore easily to be seduced vain and roving in all his imaginations and violent in the pursuit of his pleasures neither fearing God nor regarding Man without discretion without civility without humanity it self In short this mere Animal of such wild desart uncultivated Manners would be useless to himself and an intolerable burden to all about him For sand and salt and a mass of iron are easier to bear than a man without understanding Ecclus. 22.15 Upon this consideration of the great inconveniencies and manifest evils the want of Learning and Instruction exposeth Men to some have made it a question Whether they were more oblig'd to them from whom they had their Being than to those who gave them their Education Others tho' they have not gone so far have yet remarkably honoured those who by guiding and directing them in their tender Years contributed to the rectifying and exalting their Natures Others again to shew their esteem of Learning have encouraged and rewarded it in those that have been Strangers and profess'd Enemies to them Thus when Alexander had taken and plundered Thebes he spared the House and Family of Pindar Summum in doctos favorem manifestissimo exemplo testatus And though the Romans suffered by the Inventions of Archimedes yet Marcellus to evidence how much he was concern'd at his Death ordered a Sepulchre for a memorial of him which being over-run with Brambles was restored by Cicero after the space of an hundred and thirty Years Many more Instances of this nature might be produc'd both from ancient and modern Histories but since all civiliz'd Nations are already agreed that Instruction is the very life of the Soul more need not be said to prove that those charitable Settlements which are design'd to promote and encourage Learning do peculiarly excel most others because the benefit of them reaches to the Soul as well as to the Body 2. Whereas several kinds of Charity terminate in particular Persons or in one Body or Society the whole Kingdom reaps advantage from those Settlements which are design'd to promote and encourage Learning This advantage is much every way we will briefly consider it first 1. In time of Peace which is therefore reckoned so great a Blessing because of that security it gives to all Ranks and Conditions of Men at home and the free liberty of Trade and Commerce abroad In both which respects those Foundations that promote and encourage Learning are very advantageous and useful In these all liberal Sciences are taught and improved and there are none of the inferiour manual Arts that serve to provide Man with Food and Raiment or do otherwise minister to the necessities and conveniencies of Life but what receive some benefit from hence The Masters of them being enabled by Arithmetick and some Rules of the Mechanicks to proceed with less charge and more ease and expedition at least with more certainty in the business of their respective Callings In these also Men of higher Quality and better Parts have all imaginable opportunities of leisure Books and Conversation whereby if they are not extremely wanting to themselves they may in due time become useful in their Generation and capable of doing God and their Country service either in the Church or in the State in the Court or at the Bar. In a word Take away those helps to Learning and Knowledge such charitable Settlements as we are now speaking of afford and Peace it self would only serve like the quiet silence of the Night to lull us fast asleep and to let us more insensibly slide backward into that profound universal Ignorance which we now pity in others and from which we of this Nation have not yet many Ages been delivered And then for Trade and Commerce with other Nations who are as different from us in their Language and Customes as they are remote in their Climate I shall take the boldness to affirm that they may doubt of or deny any thing who either do not see or through prejudice will not acknowledge how much this Island is engaged to those who by a right use of the means and opportunities of studying charitably reached out to them have very far advanced several useful parts of Learning particularly Astronomy Geography and Navigation 2. Let us consider how far these Settlements which are made for the encouragement of Learning advantage the whole Kingdom in relation to War 'T is manifest if we would succeed herein we must not only have disciplin'd Souldiers but also skilful Mathematicians and expert Engineers such the Royal Society and the Two Universities have and I trust always will afford us Besides the Arts of War being vastly improved an ordinary skill and policy or a little acquaintance with our own Affairs will stand us in no great stead Our Generals