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A00354 Declamatio in laudem nobilissimæ artis medicinæ. = A declamacion in the prayse and co[m]me[n]dation of the most hygh and excellent science of phisyke, made by the ryght famous clerke doctour Erasmus of Rotherdam, and newly translated out of Latyn into Englyshe. Cum priuilegio regali; De laude medicinae. English Erasmus, Desiderius, d. 1536. 1537 (1537) STC 10473.5; ESTC S105528 18,272 48

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care to rote out so harde with the powers of the mynde to wynne so many w t memorie to cōpasse so necessarie to the preseruaciō of al mākynde to bryng forth abrode do it nat seme vtterly beyond mans cōpasse playnly a certein diuine thyng Let no man haue enuye at my saynges Suffre me boldly to speke that which is true as the euangel I do nat boste my selfe but I extolle magnifie the very sciēce For if to gyue lyfe is the propre peculiare benefite of god surely to kepe preserue it whā it is ones gyuē and to retayne it styl whan it is euen now fleyng away we muste of necessitie confesse to be a gyfte and benifite next vnto goddes howe be it nat so moch as y t former benefite which we wyl haue appropriate only to god the plucked nat awaye from the phisiciens cra●te whiche antiquitie although they were lyght of credence geuyng yet vndowtedly they were full of gratitude and kyndnes For by the helpe of that worthy phisicion Esculapius it was thought in olde tyme that Tyndarides and after hym many mo returned forth out of hell into lyfe and lyght agayne Xanthus an historiographer leuyth to vs in w●ittyng that a yonge Lyon which was slayne and also a man whom a dragon had kylled were restored agayne to lyfe by the vertue of a certayn herbe whiche they called Ha●in More ouer one Iuba witnesseth that in A●rike a certayne ꝑsone was called agayne to lyfe by an herbe Nor I do nat greatly passe althoughe some persones perauenture wyll gyue litle credence to these Surely the thynge that we go aboute these wonder●ull effectes of phisike do so moche the rather augment and encrease the admiration of the science the more that they appere to be beyonde the credens of the trouthe and they constraine men to graunt that thynge to be of an incomparable excellencie which in maner seme to surmont the truthe Howe be it concernyng hym which is restored to lyfe what recketh it whether the soule be put agayne by goddes hādworke into the forsaken lymmes or by the crafte a●d cure of the phisicion the lyfe or soule of mā vtterly buried as it were in the bodie and oppressed with the powers of the disease which lyke a cōquerour hathe gotten the vpper hande be raysed and subtylly fetched out hold styl which els shuld without fayle forth with haue departed away be nat these two thīges in maner of lyke vertue and egal power to restore the deed and to saue hym whiche by and by shuld haue dyed ●But Plinie reherseth very many and that by name in the seuēth boke of the historie of the worlde whiche after ●hey were deed and borne out on the beare reuiued agayne partly in the very pytte where as they shuld be buryed or accordyng to the vsage of the countre in the pyle of wode wherin they shulde haue bene burned whiche pyle was called of them Rogus partely they reuiued many dayes after they were deed and before any burial This we take for a miracle and a wonderful thynge which a chaunce and a casualtie hath gyuen to a fewe And is nat it than moche more to be wondered of whiche dayly our science gyueth to many howe be it I can nat denye but the goodnes of god is to be thanked for this our science to god we owe it to whome there is nothyng but that we owe● leste perchaunce a man wolde thynke these to be spoken more presumptuously and arrogantly than truely Of many diseases suche is the violence and strenght that death is certayne oneles the present helpe of the phisician be at hande as that kynde of traunce whiche is wont to chaunc● moste to womē and as a depe and profounde syncopis the palsay with such● lyke Nor there is commonly none but that ones in his tyme other seeth or hereth of suche examples of what nation so euer he be He than which in this case dryueth awaye death whiche euen nowe hangeth ouer the pacientes heed and redy to stryke with his dart he I saye that thus calleth agayne lyfe sodeynly oppressed is nat he alwayes to be had and reputed in a maner as a certayne mercyfull god yes vndoutedly Howe many men thynke ye were buried before their daye in olde tyme before or the witty inuencion of phisicians hadde founde out the strengthes of diseases the natures of remedies howe many thousandes of men at this daye do lyue and farewell whiche shulde neuer haue ben borne oneles the same our crafte had inuented aswel remedies for so many daūgers of chyldbaryng as the feat polecie of mydwyuyng So euē forth with in the very entrie into lyfe aswell the womā that lyeth in and laboureth● as the chylde that is in bearyng with lamentable voyce crye for the holsome ayde of phisiciās To the phisiciās craft he oweth his lyfe ye whiche as yet hath nat receiued life whyle thrugh it abortions be prohibeted whyl power is geuē to the woman of receiuyng reteinyng mans sede finally while the power also of deleuering and brynging forthe the chyld into this world is geuē That if it be truely spoken of them in olde tyme. Deus est iuuare mortalē that is to saye To helpe mortal men is to be a god or y e proꝑte worke of a god truly ī my minde y t noble prouerbe of the Grekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whiche is that man is a god to man other hath no where his place or vpon a faythfull and good phisician it shalbe principally verified and haue place which nat only helpeth but also saueth And is nat he than an excedyng vnkynd person and in maner vnworthy to lyue whiche phisike the seconde next god parent of lyfe the defendresse the saueresse the protectresse can nat fynde ī his hart to loue to honour to magnifie to worshipe Of whose ayde and socours there is no person but nedeth continually for o● the reste of craftes neyther we all nor yet alwayes haue nede● but in the profyte and vtilite of this al the hole lyfe of man standeth for ymagyne diseases were gone ymagine prosperous helth to be with euery one yet how shal we kepe it oneles the physicyon taught vs the diuersite of holsome and vnholsome meates oneles he taught a waye and a forme to diete our selues Age is a greuous and paynful burdē to mortal creatures which to escape is no more lawful for vs than deth it selfe But yet this age through the helpe and payne of the phisicion chaunseth to many men both later thā it shulde els haue done● and also moch more easelier and lyghter For it is no fable that by the quinte essentie as they call it agednes dryuen awaye man doth floryshe and waxe a yonge man agayne by castyng a way as it were his olde skynne sythe ther be bothe in writtynges and other wyses many recordes of the same Nor agayne nat onely
of the body whiche is the vyler parte of man this our craft taketh cure nay rather it taketh the cure of the hole man● althoughe that the diuine and professour of Theologie shall take his begynnyng of the mynde and the phisiciō of the body For truely because of the most streyght allyance and knotte of familiaritie of them twayne to gether lyke as the vyces of the mynd do redownde into the bodie so agayne on the other halfe the diseases of the bodie other do let or els do vtterly quenche the strēght and power of the soule who is so styffe and stronge an entyser and mouer of abstinence● of sobrenes● of mesuryng yre of fleyng heuynes of eschuyng surfete of castyng away loue of refrainyng the luste of body as is the phisician who more lyueshely aud effectually counselleth the syckman that if he wyl lyue and fele the holsome helpe and aide of the phisician that first he repurgeth his minde from the filthynes of vices The same phisician so ofte as he by geuing and prescribing a forme and maner o● diete or by ministryng of medicines do minishe the colar or blacke Iaundies refreshe the feble powers of the herte vnderset the spirites of the brayne● pourge the instrumentes of the mynde mende the wyt repayre the habitacion of the memorie and chaunge the hole ha●●our of the mynde into better do he nat by the outwarde man as they cal it saue also the inwarde He y t restoreth the frantyke the madde man● the lethargike y e siderate the lymphat do he nat restore the hole man The diuins effecte and worke is that men conuert them selues from vices but the phisician bringeth to effecte that there may be one that may conuert hym selfe and forsake his euyl lyuyng In vayne were he a phisician for the soule if the soule alredy be fledde for whome the salue was prepared● whan the palsay the apoplexia or any other sodayne scorge do take a wycked man whiche disease wyl soner take lyfe away thā suffre hym to thynke of the amendemēt of his lyfe he that restoreth this persone which els shulde haue ben miserably buried ī his synfulnes doth he nat ī maner cal back agayne from hel both body and soule Surely he setteth agayne the man ī that plyght state y t now it may be in his election wheter he wyl flee or nat eternal damnation what shall the diuine perswade the persō that raueth or is ī such takyng that his wittis sences be clene taken from hym if he can nat heare hym that goeth about to perswade and coūsel hym what shall the preacher or the curate moue the frantyke if the phisiciā do nat first of al repurge the colour Charitie and the other vertues wherin the felicitie of a christiā mans lyfe doth stande henge chefely and principally of the mynde I denye nat but hycause this mynde beyng so knytte and copeled with the body must of necessite wyl he or wyl he nat vse the instrumētes corporal it cometh to passe that a good ꝑt of a good mynde doth depende vpon the nauour tēperature of the body An vnhappy temperature of the bodye which we cal commonly a complexion the Greakes cal it crasis or sistema draweth many men to synfulnes yea in maner agaynst their wylles stroggelyng wra●tyng agaynst it whyle the mynd● whiche ●ytteth on the horse backe gydeth the brydel ī vayne digge the spurres in vayne but maugre his wyl is constreyned to folowe heedlong the wyld and furious horse I graunt it is the power of the mynde whiche seeth it is the power of the mynde which heareth but yet if any infirmitie take the eyes if th● poores and is●ues of the eares be stopped beseged w t any grosse humour ī vayne al for nought hathe the mynde his power The mynde hateth y e minde is angry I agre wel but yet the vitious corrupte humour beseging the orgās or instrumentes of the mynde is the very cause why thou hatest hī whom thou iugest worthy to be beloued and arte angrye with hym w t whome thou woldest nat Plato confesseth the sūme chiefe of philosophie to cōsist and lye here in if the affections obey the reason but to bryng this mater about the phisician is the chiefe helper whose worke and labour it is that that parte of man shulde haue his strengthe and sauour by whose arbitrement and guidyng al thynges be done whice be done wel and laudable If they be iudged vnworthy to bere the name of man whiche after the fashon of brute beastes be drawen and caried w t lustes and sensualities surely than we owe to the phisiciās a great parte of the worthynes of this name● whiche beynge an hyghe and great thynge in priuate and common persons howe moche more greater and nobler benefite is it beynge wrought in a prince None estate is more encombered with suche euyls than the estate of moste fortunate and blessed kynges what araye what busynes and mischife shal the corrupt● brayne of one persone styer In vayne maye they that be of his counsell crye oute agaynste hym thou arte madde syr ●ynge come to thy selfe agayne yf so be that the physician with his c●afte restore nat his mynde and wittes agayn vnto him nether it wyllyng nor felyng I● the Emperour Caligula had had a trusty and fayth●ul phisician he shulde nat so with poysonynges pryue morders haue raged to the great destructiō of mankynde And for this very cause it is comēly vsed through out al the uacions of y ● world y t the prince kepe nor abyde in no place without his phesiciās wherfore the wyse princes in tymes past haue gyuen to no sciēce more honour or reuereuce than vnto phisike For Erasistratus to passe ouer with silence the residue neuewe by the doughters syde to Aristotle for the helyng o● kyng Ant●ochus was rewarded with an hūdreth talentes of Ptolomeo his sonne More ouer also the holy escripture of god cōmaundeth due honour to be had to the phisician nat onely for the profite and vtilite which therby aryseth but also for the necessitie so that the ingratitude and vnkyndnes which is towarde other wel doers and welde seruers is agaynst the phisiciā an impietie or vngodlynes sith that the phisiciā as it were the helper of diuine benefite saue vp and defēde that with his arte and sciēce which god hath gyuen to mā moste deare and beste that is to saye lyfe we haue nothynge but we may thanke our father and mother for it● bycause by them we seme ī maner to haue receyued the benefite of lyfe But we owe more in my mynde to the phisician to whom we owe oftymes the thynge whiche we owe onely but ones to our parētes if yet we owe any thyng at al vnto them we owe charitie aud a certeyne natural zele to them which dryue awaye the ennemie from our necke and do we nat owe moche more to