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A82009 The communicants instructor. Or, A sacramental catechism in which the nature of the covenant of grace, and the visible seals thereof (viz.) baptism and the Lord's Supper, with the gospel qualifications of worthy receivers, are opened with all plainness and clearness by way of question and answer. Recommended to the use of the younger and more ignorant sort, especially to such as desire admission to, and would worthily partake of the Lord's Supper; with a request to the charitable, that they would make it a piece of their spiritual alms to the poor. By George Day, Minister of the gospel. Day, George, d. 1697. 1700 (1700) Wing D460; ESTC R229671 41,977 125

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makes known to us the Names Titles and Attributes of God by which his Nature is in some measure discovered Q. 137. What are the Names or Titles of God A. He is called Jehovah Jah and in Scripture which signifieth his Essence or Self-existence that he hath his Being in and of himself and gives Being to all other Beings He is the Eternal I am He is called God Almighty or All-sufficient The most High God Possessor of Heaven and Earth The Lord of Hosts The God of Gods The King of Kings and Lord of Lords These and many other Titles are given to God in Scripture Exod. 6.3 and 34.6 Gen. 17.1 and 14.19 Exod. 3.1 Isa 14.27 Deut. 10.17 1 Tim. 6.16 Q. 138. What are the Attributes of God A. God's Attributes are certain Properties Perfections or Excellencies in his Nature or Essence whereby he is distinguished from all other Beings Q. 139. How are God's Attributes distinguished each from other A. They are distinguished into two sorts his Absolute and his Relative Attributes Q. 140. Which are God's Absolute Attributes A. Such as are only in God and of which there is no Resemblance in any Creatures Q. 141. Which is the first A. His Simplicity or Freedom from all Composition He is a most absolute simple and pure Spirit without Body Parts or Passions Deut. 4.15 16. Luke 24.39 Q. 142. Which is the second A. His Infinity God is infinite that is without Bounds of Place Time or Perfection He is in all places at once yet not comprehended in any place He was before all Time is in all Time and will be when Time shall be no more And so perfect that he cannot be more perfect in all Excellencies And therefore no Man nor Angel can fully understand and comprehend what God is Psal 147.5 Jer. 23.23 1 Kings 8.27 Psal 139.7 c. Psal ●0 2 and 145.3 Job 11.7 8 9. Q. 143. Which is the third A. His All-sufficiency God is sufficient or himself and for all his Creatures and ●ust needs be so seeing he is infinite in Wisdom Power Goodness in all Perections Gen. 17.1 2 Cor. 11.8 12.9 Q. 144. Which is the fourth A. His Independency God hath no ●ependence on any other Being but all other Beings have their whole dependence on him both for Subsistence Supplies Powers and Actions Acts 17.25 Neh. 9.6 Rom. 11.36 Q. 145. Which is the fifth A. His Immutability or Unchangeableness God is always the same and subject to no Change Mal. 3.6 Jam. 1.17 Heb. 13.8 Q. 146. Which are God's Relative Attributes A. Such of which there is some Resemblance in the reasonable Creatures Angels and Men. Q. 147. Which be they A. 1. His Life He is the Living God Psal 42.2 Q. 148. Which is another A. 2. His Will He worketh all things according to the Councel of his Will Eph. 1.11 Q. 149. Which another A. 3. His Wisdom and Knowledge H● is the only wise God 1 Tim. 1.17 Q. 150. Which is another A. 4. His Power Which signifie both 1. His Authority and Dominion ove● all his Creatures Psal 103.19 Dan. ● 34 35. Jude v. 25. 2. His Strength or Might He can do what ever he will Job 42.1 2. Matth. 19.26 Q. 151. Which is another A. 5. His Holiness He is most holy and pure Psal 23.3 Isa 6.3 Q. 152. Which is another A. 6. His Justice He is most Just and Righteous Deut. 32.4 Psal 11.7 and 92.15 Q. 153. Which is another A. 7. His Goodness He is most good This comprehends both 1. The Love 2. The Graciousness 3. The Mercy 4. The Patience of God Psal 119.68 Exod. 34.6 1 Joh. 4.8 Psal 103.8 and 145.8 Q. 154. Which is another A. 8. His Truth and Faithfulness He ●s most true both in Himself his Word ●nd Works John 17.3 Deut. 32.4 John 17.17 Psal 33.4 Q. 155. Are these Relative Attributes ●n God as they are in Man A. No. In God they are his very Es●ence or Nature for whatever is in God is God But in Man they are Quaties In God they are most perfect he 〈◊〉 so merciful and just that he cannot be ●ore so But in Man they are imperfect are but some degrees of Mercy and Justice in him 1 John 4.8 Q. 156. What are the Works of God whereby he makes himselfe known A. They are either 1. His Works before time call'd his Decrees whereby he purposed in himself from all Eternity what he would do in time 2. His Work in time which are the Executions o● Performances of his Decrees which comprehend both his Works of Creation and his Works of Providence Eph. 1.11 Heb. 11.3 and 1.3 Psal 103.19 Q. 157. What may we learn of God b● his Works A. By the Works of God we may lear● somewhat of the glorious Perfections 〈◊〉 his Nature his Wisdom Power Holine 〈◊〉 Justice Goodness and Truth but h● Holy Word discovers them more clea●ly and fully to us Rom. 1.20 Ps 104.2 Q. 158. What is a Person in the Divi● Nature A. A Person in the Divine Nature is distinct Subsistence or Being having t● whole Nature of God but distinguish● each from other by their order incon● municable Properties and manner 〈◊〉 working John 14.9 10. Heb. 1.3 Q. 159. What is the Order of the Holy Trinity A. God the Father is the first Person God the Son is the second Person and God the Holy Ghost is the third Person Q. 160. What are their incommunicable Properties A. It is the Property of the Father to beget the Son the Property of the Son to be begotten of the Father and the Property of the Spirit to proceed from the Father the Son Joh. 1.14 and 15.26 Q. 161. What is their manner of working A. God the Father worketh from himself God the Son worketh from the Father God the Holy Ghost worketh both ●rom the Father and the Son John 5.26 Q. 162. VVhat should we know concerning the first Person in the Trinity A. Four things especially 1. That he is called God the Father ●ecause he is the Father of the Lord Je●●s Christ by an inconceivable Generati●n and because he is the Father of all ●ther Beings by Creation John 20.17 ●eb 12.9 Rom. 11.36 Q. 163. VVhat else A. 2. That he created all things in the beginning of time and having made man after his own Image he covenanted or promised to continue him in his happiness provided man continued in his Obedience Gen. 1.27 31. and 2.16 17. Q. 164. VVhat else A. 3. That Man breaking that Covenant by his Disobedience and so making himself liable to Death it pleased God to pitty his fall'n and sinful Creature to contrive a way of Salvation for him by virtue of a second Covenant in and through the Lord Jesus Christ as a Redeemer Gen. 3.15 John 3.16 Q. 165. VVhat else A. 4. That God the Father first promised in the fulness of time sent forth his only begotten Son the Lord Jesus Christ into the World to be Man's Redeemer
VVhy did Christ change the Administration of the Covenant A. For his own glory and the Churches good for 1. Those Ordinances under the Old Covenant were more dark difficult costly and weak than these under the New Covenant 2. Those Ordinances became unsuitable and unserviceable to the Church after Christ's coming in the flesh because they signified Christ to come therefore when Christ the Substance of them was come those Sadows must be done away Q. 45. How hath God confirmed the Covenant of Grace A. God hath confirmed it by 4 things 1. By his Word of Promise Gen. 17.7 2. By his Oath Gen. 22.16 17. Hebr. 6.13 14 17 18. 3. By the death of Christ Heb. 9.16 17. 4. By the Signs and Seals of the Covenant Rom. 4.11 Q. 46. VVhat are the Signs and Seals of the New covenant of grace now in Gospel days A. The Signs and Seals of the New Covenant are Baptism and the Lord's Supper Q. 47. VVhy are these Ordinances called Signs and Seals of the Covenant A. Because they are of the same signification and use to the Covenant of Grace as Signs and Seals put to Covenants between Man and Man use to be Q. 48. VVhat is their signification use A. These Ordinances as Signs do signifie the Grace and Good-will of God in Christ to his Covenant-people and as Seals do confirm conveigh and apply the Grant of the Covenant or a Right to all the Blessings promised therein to Belie●ers and their engagement to Obedience 1 Pet. 3.21 Rom. 6.3 4. Gal. 3.27 Q. 49. Do these Sacraments certainly ●ork grace in all that receive them A. No. It is evident that many of ●ose who are baptized and have recei●ed the Lord's Supper live and dye in a ●aceless state Acts 8.23 Luke 13.26 27. Q 50. Who then do receive saving beneby the Sacraments A. Those only receive saving benefit the Sacraments to whom the holy Spi●●● of God doth bless them working in ●●d by them on their Hearts as he doth 〈◊〉 all God's Elect 1 Cor. 3.7 Q. 51. What is Baptism A. Baptism is an holy Ordinance of frist wherein the washing with Water 〈◊〉 or into the Name of the Father the 〈◊〉 and the Holy Ghost signifies and seals 〈◊〉 ingrafting into Christ Remission of 〈◊〉 by his Blood and Regeneration by Spirit and whereby the Persons bap●●ed are solemnly entred into the visible Church and into an open and professed engagement to be wholly and only God's Covenant-people Matth. 28.19 Gal. 3.27 Mark 1.4 Rev. 1.5 Tit. 3.5 Eph. 5.26 1 Cor. 12.13 Rom. 6.4 5. Q. 52. What be the Parts of Baptism A. They are two The outward and visible part signifying and the inward and spiritual part signified Q 53. What is the outward signifying part of Baptism A. The outward signifying part of Baptism consists in the washing the Body with the Element of Water and the use of the words of Institution i e. Baptizing c. Q. 54. What is the inward part signifie● by the outward signs A. 1. By the washing with Water i● signified two things the washing awa● of the guilt of our sins or our Pardon and Justification procured by the blood o● Christ and the washing away of the filt● of sin or our Sanctification by the Spir●● of Christ in the work of Regeneration Rom. 1.5 John 3.5 2 By the words of Institution i e. Ba●tizing in the Name of the Father Son 〈◊〉 Holy Ghost two things are also signifie● 1. That Ministers have Authori● both from God the Father Son and Holy Ghost to administer Baptism 2. That the Persons baptized do enter into an holy Covenant with God the Father Son and Holy Ghost i e. They take this only living and true God to be their own and only God and give up themselves if grown Persons or are given up by their Parents if Infants to this God to be his Covenant-servants Matth. 28.18 19. 2 Cor. 8.5 Q. 55. What are the special Ends of Baptism A. The special Ends of Baptism are of two sorts 1. Such as respect God and so it is to be 1. A Sign to signifie the Grace of the Covenant and 2. A Seal to confirm the Grant of the Covenant Rom. 4.11 Col. 2.11 12. Acts 22.16 Eph. 5.26 2. Such as respect Man and so it is to be 1. A Badge of our Christian Profession 2. A Bond to oblige us to perform the Duties of the Covenant Gal. 5.3 Rom. 8.12 1 Pet. 3.21 Q. 56. To whom is Baptism to be Administred A. Baptism is not to be administred to any that are out of the visible Church of Christ until they are instructed in the Christian Religion and profess Faith in Christ and Obedience unto him But the Infants of such as are Members of the visible Church are to be baptized Matth. 28.19 Acts 2.41 Gen. 17.7 10. Acts 2.38 39. Q. 57. How may it be proved that the Infants of Church-Members have a Right to Baptism A. It may be proved by these Ar●guments 1. By their Covenant Relation to God Those that are in Covenant have a right to the Signs and Seals of the Covenant But the Children of believing Parents are in Covenant Therefore they have a right to the Signs and Seals of it Gen. 17.7 Deut. 29.10 11 12 13 14 15. Q. 58. Have Infants then a Right to the Lord's Supper also and should they receive it A. The Infants of Believers have a remote tho' not an immediate and actual right to the Lord's Supper therefore may not receive it in their Infancy for want of a capacity to discern the Lord's Body or to understand the Nature Use and Ends of that Ordinance and to use it accordingly Q. 59. Should they not then be kept from Baptism also for the same Reason seeing they understand not that Ordinance A. No. For they are as capable of Receiving this Ordinance of Baptism as the Jewish Infants were of Circumcision at 8 days old and ought to be baptized because Baptism comes in the room of Circumcision and as that was the Sacrament of Initiation or Entrance into the Church and into the Covenant so is this Matt. 28.19 20. Col. 2.11.12 Q. 60. By what other Argument is it proved A. 2. By the Command of our Lord Jesus Christ requiring his Apostles and in them all Gospel-Ministers to Disciple all Nations Baptizing them and Infants are a very considerable part of Nations Q. 61. But must they not believe first and then be baptized as Mark 16.16 And how can Infants believe A. Adult or grown Persons without the Church must first be instructed in the Doctrine of Christ and believe in him before they are admitted to Baptism as Acts. 2.38 39 40 41. But the Infants of Church-Members may be baptized tho' they do not actually believe because they are the Children of Believers seeing Children are parts of their Parents are accounted but as one Person with them both by the Laws of God and Man as the Root Branches are but one
and Saviour Gen. 3.15 12.3 Isa 9.7 John 3.16 Gal. 4.4 Q. 166. VVhat should we know concerning the second Person in the Holy Trinity A. These four things especially 1. That he freely undertook this great Work of Man's Redemption engaged himself by Covenant to God the Father for the faithful performance of it Isa 49.1 2 3 6 7 8. c. and 42.6 7. Ps 40.7.8 Q. 167. VVhat else A. 2. That in order to the performing of this Work he took our Nature into Union with his Divine Nature so was and is both God and Man in one Person John 1.14 Rom. 9.5 1 Tim. 2.5 Q. 168. VVas it needful that the Redeemer should be Man A Yes because Man had sinned so it was just that the Nature which had sinn'd should suffer satisfie for Sin Heb. 2.14 Q. 169. VVas it needful that the Redeemer should be God also A. Yes Because he could not else have been able to undergo the Wrath of God due to us for sin nor would his Sufferings have been of sufficient value and virtue to procure Salvation for us Q 170. VVhat else should we know of this second Person A. 3. That he as our Redeemer performs the Offices of a Prophet Priest King to deliver sinful Men from their Ignorances Sin and Slavery to bring them to compleat and eternal Salvation Acts. 3.22 Heb. 5 6. Psal 2.6 Q. 171. What else A. 4. That he procureth by his Blood and Merit many precious Benefits for his Redeemed ones to be enjoyed some in this World and others in the World to come Eph. 1.3 Q. 172. What are those Benefits or Blessings A. The Principal Benefits procured by Christ for his Redeemed Ones are Justification Adoption and Sanctification with many others that do either accompany or flow from them or certainly follow them sufficient Grace on Earth and eternal Glory in Heaven 1. Cor. 1.30 John 1.12 Rom. 5.1 2 5. Mat. 10.32 1 John 3.2 1 Thes 4.17 Q. 173. What should we know concerning the third Person in the Holy Trinity A. These four things especially 1. That he inspired all the holy Prophets and Apostles revealed God's Mind and Will to them and by them to the Church and assisted all the Penmen of the Holy Scriptures in Writing them both as to Matter and Words 2 Tim. 3.16 2 Pet. 1.21 Q. 174. VVhat else A. 2. That he was first promised by Christ and after his Ascension sent both by the Father and the Son to supply the Churches spiritual Wants in Christ's bodily Absence from it John 14.16 17. and 16.7 Acts 2.1 2 3 4. 175. VVhat else A. 3. That he doth bless the Word Ordinances of Christ and make them effectual Means of Grace to the Elect working Faith in them thereby uniting 'em to Christ in their effectual Calling so applies to them the Redemption purchased by Christ with all the Saving Benefits of his Mediatorship 1 Cor. 3.7 Psal 19.7 Rom. 1.16 Eph. 2.8 Tit. 3.5 Rom. 8.30 Q 176. VVhat else A. 4. That he doth dwell in all that are effectually called drawn to Jesus Christ leading quickning comforting them and carrying on the Work of Grace and Sanctification unto Perfection to prepare them for Glory Rom. 8.9.11 13 14 15 16 John 14.16 Q. 177. What should we know concerning the VVill of God A. We should know that God hath fully revealed his Holy Mind and Will to us in the Scriptures of the Old New Testament to be the only perfect perpetual Rule of our Faith and Obedience which therefore we ought to know believe and obey in order to the pleasing and glorifying of God and the saving of our own Souls Mich. 6.8 Gal. 6 16. Deut. ●2 46 Matth. 28.20 Deut. 12.32 Q. 178. VVhat should we know concerning the VVorship of God A. We should know that this one God is to be worshipped and served by us both publickly in the Church privately in our Families secretly in our Closets And that his Worship is to be performed from a right Principle Grace in our Hearts by a right Rule the written Word of God to a right End the Glory of God in our Salvation and through the Mediator Jesus Christ Matth. 4.10 6.6 Jer. 26.2 Josh 24.14 15. John 4.24 Heb. 12.28 Col. 3.17 Heb. 13.15 Q. 179. VVhat should we know concerning Man A. His four-fold Estate viz. 1. His good Estate by Creation 2. His evil Estate by Transgression 3. His Holy Estate by Regeneration 4. His happy Estate by Glorification Q. 180. VVhat was Man's Estate by Creation A. Man was created after the Image of God in Knowledge Righteousness and Holiness had Dominion over all the Creatures in this lower World and enjoyed many other Priviledges and Blessings which made his Condition truely happy Gen. 1.26 Col. 3.10 Eph. 4.24 Psal 139.15 8.4 6 7 8. Eccl. 7.21 Gen. 2.9 c. Q. 181. VVere all Mankind concerned in the state of Adam A. Yes Adam being a publick Person the general Parent or Root of all Mankind the Blessings bestowed on him were also bestowed on them as being his Children and then in his Loins Heb. 7.9 10. Q. 182. VVhat is Man's Estate by Transgression A. Man by transgressing the Command of God in Eating the forbidden Fruit lost the Image of God all the Priviledges and Blessings of the state of Innocency brought himself into a guilty filthy and accursed state Rom. 3.9 10 c. Psal 5.3 Rom. 3.19 Eph. 2.3 Gal. 3.10 Q. 183. Are all Mankind concerned in this state of Adam A. Yes All Mankind being in Adam's Loins and under the same Covenant with him sinned against God in him and so fell with him in his first Transgression Rom. 5.12 18 19. Q 184 VVhat is Man's Estate by Regeneration A. Man by Regeneration is recovered out of his sinful and miserable state into a state of Grace and Mercy hath the Image of God renewed upon him is brought under the Covenant of Grace hath thereby a right to all the Priviledges and Blessings of the Children of God Acts 26.17 18. Col. 3.10 Eph. 4.24 Heb. 8.8 c. Eph. 1.2 Q 185. Are all Mankind brought into this state of Regeneration A. No. Only those are brought into this estate that are chosen of God from all Eternity given to Jesus Christ as to their Redeemer and Saviour Eph. 1.4 5. 1 Tim. 1.9 John 6.37 Q. 186. VVhat shall Man's Estate by Glorification be A. Man shall be made perfectly Holy and Happy both in Soul and Body in the full Enjoyment of God in Heaven that to all Eternity Heb. 12.23 Phil. 3.21 1 John 3.2 1 Thes 4.17 Q. 187. Shall all Mankind be brought into this state of Glorification A. No. Only those that are made truly gracious here shall be made glorious hereafter Matth. 25.46 Heb. 12.14 Rom. 8.30 Q. 188. What should we know concerning the Covenants between God and Man the Sacraments or Seals of the Covenants