at Rochester to Durelind The Sea of Durham began or Durelin whereupon the Bishoppes Sea of Duresine first began This king was greatly vexed with the Danes and was faine to redéeme peace with great summes of money yerelie which was called Dane-gelt Danegelt from x. thousand to xl thousand a yere An. 1000. In the xxi of his reigne he married with Emma daughter to Richard D. of Normandie which caused the king to haue great confidence in himselfe and by presumption thereof sent secrete and straight Commissions to the Rulers of euerie towne in the lande that vpon Saint Brices day at a certaine houre appointed the Danes should be sodenly slaine Danes slaine which was in like manner performed But the Danes and their king hearing thereof entered againe and made great waste In so much that the king was fayne to take peace with them and gaue to King Swanus thirtie thousand poundes whereupon he returned But the peace lasted not long for the next yeare one named Turkillus Turkillus a Dane Great vexation of the Danes a Prince of the Danes inuaded againe and was fayne to be pleased with giftes So the inuasion of the Danes and the molesting of Englishmen by them neuer ceased wherewith the Countrey was brought to great miserie After this Swanus the king of Danes who had made a couenant of peace before with the K. brake it and hearing of the increase of his people in the land came and landed in Northumberlande and there proclaymed himselfe king of the Land After much destruction in other places at length he came to Canterburie which he besieged and was resisted twenty dayes but at last by treason of a Deacon Treason of a Deacon called Almaricus whom the Bishop had preserued from death before wan it and tooke the goods of the people and set the towne on fire and tithed the Monkes of Saint Augustines abbey Monkes tithed by the Danes killing nine by cruell torment and kéeping the tenth aliue for slaues So they slue there of religious men to the number of nine hundred of other men women and children they slue aboue eight thousand And finally when they had kept the Bishop Elphegus in straight pryson the space of eight moneths because he would not agrée to giue them thrée thousand poundes after many villanies doone vnto him at Gréenewich they stoned him to death Elphegus stoned by the Danes The K. Egelred in the meane time fearing the end of this persecution sent his wife Emma with his two sonnes Alphred and Edward to the Duke of Normandie with whom also he sent the bishop of London whether also himselfe went after he had spent a great parte of the Winter in the I le of Wight whether hée was chased of the Danes The king chased of the Danes Whereof Swanus hearing and inflamed with pride reared great exactions vppon the people and among other hée required a great summe of monie of Saint Edmunds landes which the people there clayming to bee frée from kings tributes denied to pay For this Swanus entred the territory of S. Edmund wasted the country and despised the holy martyr menacing also the place of his sepulcher wherefore the men of the country fell to fasting prayer Fasting and prayer Shortly after Swanus died suddainly crying and yelling among his knights In feare whereof Canutus his sonne that ruled after him graunted them the fréedome of al their libertie and moreouer ditched their land with a déepe ditch and granted to the inhabitants thereof great fréedome quitting them from all tributes and after builded a Church ouer the place of his Sepulture ordained there an house of monks and endewed them with rich possessions And after that time it was vsed that kings of Englād when they were crowned sent their crownes for an offering to S. Edmunds shrine The crowne of England offered to S. Edmunds shrine and redéemed the same afterward with a condigne price King Egelred hearing of the death of Swanus made prouision and returned into England for whose suddaine comming Canutus being vnprouided fled to Sandwich and there cutting of the noses and the handes of the pledges which his father left with him sailed into Denmarke and the next yeare returned againe with a great nauie and landed in the South countrie and entered the countrie of West-saxon forcing the people to bée sworne to him and to giue pledges In this season king Egelred beyng at London was taken with sickenesse and there died and was buried in the Northside of Paules Church behind the quire after that he had raigned vnprosperously six thirtie yéeres leauing behind him his eldest sonne Edmund Ironside and Alphred and Edward which were in Normandy This king with his councell gaue foorth wholesome lawes and precepts for iudges and it is recorded that he deposed or depriued from all possessions a certaine iudge or iustice named Walgeatus A false iudge deposed whom the king loued Edmund slain the sonne of one Leonet for false iudgement and other prowde doings whom notwithstanding he loued aboue all other After the death of Egelred variance fell betwixt the Englishmen for the election of the king the one part standing for Edwin the eldest sonne of Egelred the other for Canutus the sonne of Swanus the Dane By means wherof there were diuerse battels fought betwéene them and in the end the Princes thēselues tried the matter hand to hand and when they had assaied each other a while by the motion of Canutus hastely they were agréed and kissed each other to the comfort of both hostes and shortly after agreed vpon partition of the land and loued as brethren Soone after a sonne of wicked Edericus by the means of his father espying Edmund at the draught thrust him into the fundament with a speare and slue him after that he had raigned two yéeres He left behind him two sons Edmund and Edward whom Edrick the wicked Duke after the death of their father tooke from their mother not knowing yet of the death of her husband and presented them to King Canutus and saluted him haile king alone Canutus being King alone sent the sonnes of Edmund to his brother Swanus king of Sweueland to be slaine who abhorring that déede sent them to Salomon king of Hungary where Edmund being married to the K. daughter died Edward was married to Agatha daughter of his brother Henrie the 4. Emperor Canutus being established King A promise well performed hauing promised the false Duke to make him higher then all the Lordes of the land caused his head to be stricken of and to be set vppon London bridge and his body to be cast into the town ditch other say he caused him to be bound and throwen into the Thames The reward of Traitors Likewise Canutus did disdaine all those whom he knewe to haue dealt falsely against Edmund and his heires In the meane time Swanus king of Denmarke brother to
the ende being found peruerse and stubborne and not able to iustifie himselfe or his doings after he had taken exceptions and cauilled against the witnesses he was depriued of his Bishopricke by the authoritie of the king and sentence geuen by the Archbishop of Canterburie Winchester depriued among other bishops and Iudges appointed for the cause From this sentence Gardiner appealeth to the king but all in vayne As S. Gardiner was the professed enemie of the Gospell so was Doctor Redman Doctor Redman a fauourer of the gospell in those dayes for his learning famous a fauourer of the same and at his death which was anno 1551. made profession thereof in the presence of M. Yong and others Anno 1552. W. Gardiner a Marchants seruant of Bristow the first day of September in the very solemnization of a marriage betwixt the sonne of the king of Portingall and the Spanish kings daughter in the presence of the princes and Cardinals and Bishops determined to haue stepped to the Cardinall at the Altar and to haue wroong the chalice out of his hands and to haue defaced their popish God but that the prease of people did hinder him So the next sunday where like pompe was vsed and no lesse Idolatry than before W. Gardiner W. Gardiner in the presence of the king and all his Nobles and Citizens with the one hand snatched away the cake from the priest and trode it vnder his féete and with the other ouerthrew the chalice which made them all amazed Then one drawing out his dagger gaue him a great wound in the shoulder and as he was about to haue stricken him againe to haue slaine him the king twise commaunded to haue him saued So by that meanes they abstained from murther After the tumult was ceased he was brought to the K. by whom he was demaunded of his Countrey and how hée durst doe such a déede To whom he declared that he was an Englishman and that for gréefe to sée such Idolatrie hée could not abstaine When they heard that he was an Englishman they were more earnest to know the Procurour The Idolatrie he answered wherwith they prophaned the Lords Supper only procured him They not content therewith vrged him with torments and caused a linnen cloth to be sowed round like a ball the which they with violence put downe his throte vnto the bottom of his stomach tyed with a small string which they helde in their hands and when it was downe they pulled it vp againe with violence so plucking it vp and downe They cast also into prison all the rest of the Englishmen amongst whom one Pēdegrace Pendegrace because he was his bedfellowe was gréeuously tormented and examined more then the residue and scarcely was deliuered after two yeres imprisonment the other were much sooner set at libertie by the intercession of a certaine Duke At the last when al torments and tormentors were weried they asked him whether he did not repent his déede He answered as touching the déed if it were to do he should do it againe But he was sorie it was done in the Kinges presence to the disquiet of his minde After they had vsed al kinde of torments and saw there could be nothing more gathered of him and also that through his wound and paines he could not long liue they brought him thrée dayes after to execution And first of all bringing him vnto the Vestrie cut of his right hand which he taking vp with his left hand kissed Execution done vpon W. Gardiner with all manner of crueltie Then he was brought into the Market place where his other hand was cut of which he knéeling downe vpon the ground also kissed These things thus done his armes being bound behinde him and his féete vnder the horse bellie he was carried to the place of execution where there was a certaine engine from the which a great rope cōming downe by a Pulley was fastened about the middle of the Christian martyr which first pulled him vp then was there a great pile of wood set on fire vnderneath him into the which he was by little and little let downe not with his whole bodie but so that his féete onely felt the fire in which fire the more terribly he burned the more feruently hée praied At last when his féete were consumed the tormentors asked him if he did not repent exhorting him to call vpon our Lady and the Saints whereto he answered that he had doone nothing to repent of and that when Christ did cease to be our Aduocate then he would pray to our Lady The marueilous constancie of William Gardiner said Eternall God father of all mercies I beséech thée looke downe vpon thy seruant c. And when they sought by all meanes to stop his praying he cried out with a loud voice rehearsing the 34. Psalm Iudge me O Lord and defend my cause against the vnmercifull people He was not come to the latter end of the Psalme when the rope being burnt asunder he fell into the fire and so gaue ouer The very same night one of the kings ships was burned in the hauen being set on fire by a sparke of Gardiners fire driuen thither with the winde and the kings sonne who then was married died within halfe a yéere after the death of William Gardiner Anno 1552. 1552 Protector put to death for fellonie the 22. of Ianuarie in the sixt yéere of the reigne of Edward the Duke of Somersette Lord Protector was executed on Tower hill for felonie being accused and quitte of treason And the next yere after deceassed the king him selfe about the moneth of Iune Anno 1553. A Prince of such towardnesse as the worlde neuer had the like before by whom the remnants of Popish Idolatrie and superstition were abolished and the church restored to her sinceritie which died again with him and popery restored in the time of Mary who succéeded him The end of the ninth Booke The tenth Booke WHat time King Edward began to appeare more féeble and weake during the time of his sicknesse a marriage was concluded and also shortly also vpon the same solemnized in the moneth of Maie betwéene the lord Gilford sonne to the duke of Northumberland and the Lady Iane L. Gilford and Lady Iane maried together the duke of Suffolkes daughter whose mother then being aliue was daughter to Marie king Henries second sister And when no hope séemed of recouery of the King it was brought to passe by the consent not onely of the nobility but also of the chiefe Lawyers of the Realme that the King by this Testament did appoint the aforesaid Lady Iane to be Inheritrice to the crown of England passing ouer his two sisters Marie and Elizabeth To this order subscribed all the Kinges Counsell and chiefe of the nobilitie the Mayor of the citie of London almost all the iudges and chiefe Lawyers of this Realme sauing onely Iustice Hales of Kent Iustice
least he should come in danger for his sake required W. Hunter to depart from him which he did and came to Burntwood where his Father dwelt with whom he remained about the space of half a quarter of a yéere till being suspected for reading the vj. of Iohn in the chappell of Burntwood One Father Otwell a sumner and one Thomas Wood vicar of Southweild with whom also he disagréed in reasoning of points of the sacrament he was cōplained of by the vicar to iustice Browne but Hunter being afraid of the vicars threats fled Browne sent for Hūters father with the Constable threatned him punishment except he would bring vnto him his son The father to satisfie the expectation of Browne road ij or iij. daies iourneis in the high way William met with his Father who after he had with many teares declared what charge Browne had giuen him the sonne said he would go home with him to saue him harmeles whatsoeuer came of it The father cōpelled against the sonne So he was brought to iustice Browne who after he had reasoned with him out of the sixt of Iohn and could not peruert him made a letter immediatly and sent William Hunter with a Constable to the bishop of London who not able to alter Hunters minde neither by threates nor flatteries commaunded his men to put him in the stockes in his gatehouse where hée sat two dayes and nightes onely with a crust of brownebread and a cup of water After two daies the B. assaied him againe and finding him constant sent him to the conuict prison and commaundeth the kéeper to lay irons enough on him So hée continued in prison thrée quarters of a yéere in the whiche time hée had béene before the Bishop fiue times besides the time when he was condemned the ix day of February in the consistory of Paules with fiue other mo After sentence of condemnation of them all the Bishop called for William Hunter and perswaded with him saying if thou wilt yet recant I will make thée a frée man in the Citie and giue thée fortie pounds in good mony to set vp thine occupation withall or I will make thée Stewarde of my house and I will preferre thée c. Whereto after William had said he counted all wordly thinges but losse and dunge in respect of the loue of Christe with the rest hée was ledde to Newgate where they remayned aboute a moneth and afterwarde were sent downe William to Burntwood and the other to other places in the Countrie Now when William was come downe into the Countrie to Burntwood whiche was the Saturday before the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary that followed on the Munday after William remained till the Tuesday because they would not put him to death then for the holynes of the day In the meane time his father mother came and comforted him Hunters mother encourageth him to be constant and encouraged him his mother saying that shée was glad that euer shée was so happie to beare suche a sonne who coulde finde in his heart to loose his lyfe for Christes names sake Then William aunswered for my little payne whiche I shall suffer whiche is but short Christ hath promised me said he a crowne of ioy may you not be glad of that mother with other such words of ioy and comfort on both partes Thus passing away saterday Sunday and munday on Tuesday morning when it was morning the Sheriffe maister Brocket called on to set forward to the burning of William Hunter Whose sonne yet did imbrace and comfort William At the place of his martyrdom there was a Popish priest that endeuoured to peruert him at the stake and saide vnto him as thou burnest here so shalt thou burne in hell To whom William answered thou lyest false prophet away thou false prophet away His brother béeyng by saide vnto him William Hunters brother encourageth him thinke on the passion of Christ and bée not afrayde of death To whom hée aunswered I am not afrayde then lift hée vp his handes to heauen and saide Lorde Lorde Lorde receiue my spirite And casting downe his head againe into the smothering smoke hée yéelded vp his life for the trueth The eight of August Anno 1553. William Sarton William Sarton weauer of Bristow was brought before Dalbie Chancellour of Bristow and by him condemned for holding against the sacrament of the altar He was burned the 18. of September Anno 1556. At Bedaile a market towne in Yorkeshire were two men persecuted for the trueth of the Gospell in the latter dayes of Quéene Marie the one named Iohn Suell and the other Richarde Suell their imprisonment was so sore that their toes rotted off In the ende the one of them at length yeelded to heare masse and within thrée or foure dayes after his libertye hée drowned himselfe in a riuer running by Richmonde called Swaile the other endured to the ende béeyng condemned by Doctour Dakins Who after sentence giuen against the martyr came home to his house and neuer ioyed after but died Anno 1555. the xxvi of March Maister Higbed and Maister Canston Gentlemen of Essex were put to death for the testimonie of the Gospel the one at Hornden of the hill and the other at the parish of Thundrest Boner perceiuing these two Gentlemen to bée of woorshipfull estate least anie tumult shoulde thereby arise came downe himselfe accompanied with Fecknam and certaine other and laboured with faire promises and threatninges Which when they saw would not preuaile the B. carried them both with him to London and with them certaine other prisoners also which about the same time were in those quarters apprehended Not long after this these prisoners were committed to straight prison and there attempted sundry waies by the B. and his chaplains to reuoke their opinions At length when no perswasion would serue they were brought to open examination at the Consistory at Paules the 17. day of February Anno 1555. Where being demaunded whether they would recant and they denying so to do were assigned the next day to appeare againe the 18. of Februarie On which day among many other things the Bishop read vnto them seuerall Articles and gaue them respite till the next day to answere and so committed them to prison againe The articles did touch the reall presence and that the godly martyrs who were burned were heretikes with other to this effect These béeyng giuen them in writing the next daie was assigned to them to giue their answere Vpon which day béeyng the first of Marche they did exhibite their aunsweres contrarie to the determination of the Romish Churche and denying to recant they were againe dismissed and commaunded to appeare the Wednesday nexte after at twoo of the clocke at after noone there to receyue definitiue sentence The next Friday they were called for agayne and no hope being had of their recantation were againe dismissed to pryson and commaunded to appeare the nexte day in the consistorie of
taken in the night by maister Tamages men because hée woulde not goe to Church Adam Foster Adam Foster of the age of sixe and twentie yeres husbandman dwelling in Mendlesham in Suffolke was taken at his owne house by the Constables of the Towne George Kiuert and Thomas Mouse and carryed to Syr Iohn Tyrrell aforesaid knight who sent him to Aye dungeon and from thence to Norwich where hée was condemned of the Bishoppe Hopton Robert Lawson Rob. Lawson a single man of thirtye yeeres a linnen Weauer was apprehended in the night by one Robert Keerich at the commaundement of Sir Iohn Tyrrel aforesaid and sent to Norwich and then was there condemned of the Bishop These 3. were after they were condemned had to Berrie where they chéerefully and ioyfully suffered for the testimony of Iesus Bernard being threatned at Norwich of the priests whipping burning stocking and such like to terrifie him when flattery would not serue said vnto them Friends I am not better then my maister Christ and the prophets which your fathers serued after such sort and I for his names sake am content to suffer the like at your hands A worthy answere of the martyr if God shall so permit trusting that he will strengthen me in the same according to his promise in spite of the Diuell and all his ministers The 20. of Aprill the same Bishop had before him one Iohn Fortune otherwise called Cutler of Hintlesham in Suffolke a blacke smith a man in spirit zealous and ardent in the scriptures ready in Christes cause stoute valiant in his answeres maruellous patient in suffering and constant in the doctrine of the Gospel Him the B. of Norwich very likely condemned also after diuers examinations Whether he died in the fire or otherwise was preuented by death it is vncertaine But his sentence of condemnation was drawne and registred About this time the first of Iuly died one Iohn Careles Iohn Careles a worthy confessor of Couentry a weauer in the Kings bench after long imprisonment the space of two yéeres In which captiuity first being in Couentry gaole he was there in such credite with his kéeper that vpon his worde onelie hée was let out to plaie in the Pageant about the Cittie with other his companions and that done keeping trueth with his keeper returned agayne into prison at his houre appointed After that béeing brought vp to London hée shewed such patience and constant fortitude that hee longed for nothing more earnestly then to come to the promotion to dye in the fire for the profession of his fayth but hee was preuented by death in the prison through sicknes and was buried on a dunghill in the fieldes In the mean time that he was in the kings bench he was in great perturbation of minde and conscience wherevppon hée wrote to maister Philpot then beeing in the Cole-house and receyued from him a comfortable letter Hée had béen examined of Doctor Martin who vrged him to detect his fellowes and reasoned with him about Predestination cauilling and scoffingly Hée was a man of a most heauenly spirite and wrote diuers letters to sundry afflicted then for the Gospel Iohn Careles letters as to Philpot to Bradford to maister Greene maister Whitle M. Timmes Henry Adlington c. a great number The same moneth of Iuly suffered at Newbery 3. godly and constant martirs of Christ Iulius Palmer Iohn Guin Thomas Askine Iulius Palmer Iohn Guin Th. Askin Iulius Palmer was sometime a Student and felow of Magdalen Colledge in Oxford and afterward Schoolemaster in the Towne of Reding He was borne in Couentrée and before his calling to the knowledge of the trueth a great aduersarie to the Gospel and a contemner of the ministers of the trueth In so much as hee was expelled his Colledge in the end of king Edwards daies for popery Iul. Palmer expulsed his Colledge in K. Edwardes time for poperie So that for his maintenance he was faine to apply himself to teach children in the house of Sir Fraunces Knolles In which trade he continued til the comming of Q. Marie In whose daies he was restored againe to his place by her Visitors Where being placed a while and vnderstanding the cruell dealing of the Papistes against the seruantes of God and séeing their constancie in the hearing of diuers of his friends he burst out into these words or such like Oh raging crueltie O tirannie tragicall and more then barbarous From that day forward he studiously sought to vnderstand the trueth and seriously studied P. Martires Commētaries vpon the first to the Corinthians And at length grew vp in such ripenes of the trueth that he spared not to declare certaine sparkes thereof in his outward behauiour and doings Wherefore being abhorred of diuers especially of M. Cole the President which were before his friends hée addressed himselfe to depart the house And being demaunded by a friend of his how he woulde liue answered The earth is the Lords and the fulnes thereof c. After the geuing ouer of his Felowship he was placed by Patent Schoolemaster at Reding and there was accepted of those that feared God But there hee remayned not long For certain dissembling Hipocrites who pretending zeale to the Gospel crept into familiaritie with him and in his absence spared not to rifle his Studie and writings Among which was his Replication to Meruines verses touching Winchesters Epitaph and other Arguments both in Latine and English against the Popes procéedings and especially against their brutish tyrannie towardes the seruants of God Which these companions hauing found did threaten him that except he would geue vp his schoole to a friend of theirs Thomas Thackam Th. Thackam a false dissembling hipocrite a false dissembling knaue and a chéefe woorker of his death they woulde deliuer those his writings to the Counsell Whereupon for sauegarde of his life he was forced to depart vpon the sodaine and tooke his iorney towardes Euesham where his mother dwelt Hoping to receiue of her certaine Legacies by his Fathers will due vnto him certaine yeares before Who so soone as he came to his mother and asked her blessing she cursed him vpbrayding him with his forsaking of Oxforde and his comming from Reding She threatning him fire and fagagotte The mother threatneth her sonne Iulius Palmer with fire and fagot in steade of his Legacies So being destitute of all worldly helpe he aduised himselfe to goe closely to Reading there to receiue his quarters stipende which he lefte vnreceiued at his departure and to conuey from thence his stuffe Which he did not so secretly but that he was espied and there by meanes of one Master Hampton a false hypocrite vnder pretence of friendshippe he was betrayed and within short space was taken at the signe of the Cardinals hatte in Reading and was put into a vile stinking and blinde Dungeon Where tenne dayes he hanged by the handes and féete so high that welnéere no part of
to the Christians and giue them peace of whom came the victorie and preseruation to him and all his people In the yere 175. succéeded the former Lucius Antoninus Commodus Commodus sonne to Verus who raigned xiij yeares In whose time as some thinke by the fauour of Martia Martia the Emperors Concubine who fauoured the Christians persecution slaked By which meanes many noble personages of Rome embraced the Gospel Among whō was one Apollonius Apollonius who being maliciously accused by Seuerus his seruant notwithstanding the false accusation of his Accuser being detected and he for that crime hauing his legs broken was neuerthelesse driuen to make confession of his faith and for the same also beheaded by an auncient Law that no Christian ought to be released without recantation This Emperor on his birth day with the people of Rome assembled together made sacrifice to Hercules and Iupiter causing it to be cried through out the citie that Hercules was the patrone of the citie At which time there were in the citie Vincentius Vincentius Eusebius Eusebius c. Peregrinus Potentianus learned men and instructors of the people who conuerting the Gentils in diuerse places and hearing hereof preached and perswaded against the same and conuerted one Iulius Iulius a Senator with others to the faith Whereof Commodus hearing caused them all to be first tormented then to be pressed to death with leaden waights sauing that Iulius was beaten to death with cuggels at the commandement of Vitellus the Maister of the Souldiers Peregrinus Peregrinus had béene sent before of Xistus B. of Rome into the parts of Fraunce to supply the roome of a teacher where the horrible persecutiōs had made wast Who hauing there established the Churches returned home againe to Rome and finished his daies with martyrdome Xistus Xistus or Sixtus was the sixt bishop of Rome after Peter and gouerned that ministery ten yéeres To Sixtus succéeded Telesphorus Telesphorus and was bishop there eleuen yéeres and died in the first yéere of Antoninus Pius beyng martyred the yéere 138. After him succéeded Hyginus Hyginus and died a martyr anno 142. After him followed Pius Pius c. After him succéeded Anicetus Soter Eleutherius about the yéere 180. About this time of Commodus among others were martyred Serapion Serapion B. of Antioch Egesippus Egesippus a writer of the ecclesiasticall History from Christes passion to his time Also Miltiades Miltiades who wrote his Apologie for Christian religion as did Melito Aristides and Quadratus before About the same time wrote Heraclitus Heraclitus who first began to write Annotations and Enarrations vpon the New Testament and Epistles of the Apostles Also Theophilus Theophilus bishop of Cesarea Dionisius Dionisius bishop of Corinth a man famously learned who wrote diuerse Epistles to diuerse churches and among other exhorteth Penitus Penitus a bishop that he would lay no yoke of chastitie on any necessitie vpon his brethren but that he would consider the infirmitie of other and beare with it About the daies of Cōmodus wrote also Clemens Alexandrinus Clemens Alexandrinus a man of singular learning In that time liued also Pantenus who was the first in Alexandria that professed to reade in open schoole of whom is thought first to rise the order of Vniuersities in christendome He was sent to preach to the Indians by Demetrius bishop of Alexandria Now in this tranquillitie of the Church grew contention among themselues for Easter day Contention among the christians for Easter day which had bin stirred before of Polycarpus Anicetus For they of the West church pretending the tradition of Paule and Peter but in déede being of Hermes and Pius kept the Sunday after the 14. day of the first moneth The Church of Asia following the ordinance of Iohn the Apostle obserued an other The fifth Persecution AFter the death of Commodus raigned Pertinax Pertinax but few moneths after whō succéeded Seuerus Seuerus vnder whom was raised the fifth persecution He raigned 18. yéeres and in the first ten was very fauourable afterward through false accusations and suggestions he caused to be proclaimed that no Christian should be suffered wherevpon an infinite number were slaine this was about the yéere 205. the crimes obiected were rebellion against the Emperour Sacrilege murthering of Infants incestuous pollutions eating raw flesh libidinous cōmixture worshipping the head of an asse which is thought to haue béene raised by the Iewes also for worshipping of the Sunne which rose because eyther they vsed dayly to sing vnto the Lord or bycause they vsed to pray toward the East But the speciall matter agaynst them was that they would not woorshippe Idoles The Presidents and chiefe vnder the Emperour of this persecution were Hilarius Hillarius c. Vigellius Claudius Hermianus ruler of Cappadocia Celicius Capella Vespronius Demetrius mentioned of Cyprian and Aquila Iudge of Alexandria The places where these persecutions raged were Africa Alexandria Cappadocia and Carthage The number infinite of which the first was Leonides Leonides the father of Origen who although he were but of the age of seuentéen yéers greatly desired to haue suffered with his father had not his mother priuily in the night stollen away his garments and his shirt and so for shame he was constrained to tarrie at home yet he wrote to his father Take héede to your selfe that you turne not your thought and purpose for our sakes Origen Origen was so toward in knowledge of the scriptures and all kinde of vertue that his father would diuers times vncouer his brest being asléepe and kisse it giuing thankes to God that had made him so happie a Father of so happie a sonne After the death of his father all the goodes béeyng confiscate to the Emperour hée susteined himselfe his mother and sixe brethren by kéeping a schoole till at length he applied himselfe altogether to the scripture and profited in the tongues Hebrew Gréeke which he conferred with other translations as that of the 70. found out also other translations which we call the common translations of Aquila of Symmachus and Theodocian with which he ioyned also foure other He wrote to the number of vij thousand bookes O rgens book the copies whereof he vsed to sell for three pence a peece and a little more to sustaine his liuing He had diuers Schollers as Plutarchus Plutarchus Serenus Serenus c. his Brother which dyed both martyrs Serenus was burned Heraclitus and Heron were beheadded Also another Serenus which was beheaded Rhais and Potamiena who was tormented with pitch powred vppon her and martyred with her mother Marcella and died in the fire Shée was put to death by one Basilides Basilides a Captaine of the armie who shewed her some kindnesse in repressing the rage of the multitude wherefore she thanked him and saide she would pray for him
him martyred in the way of Appius first beyng beaten with plumbats Eusebius saith he sat two yéeres in another place he saith thrée yéeres Damasus giueth him onely two yéeres Vnder this tyrant suffered as Cyprian reporteth two yoong men the one Aurelius Aurelius who was twise tormented the other Mappalicus Mappalicus who in the middest of his torments sayd to the Proconsull to morrow you shall sée the running for a wager meaning his martyrdome which he constantly did suffer Decius death This Decius raigned but two yéeres and with his sonne was slaine of the Barbarians Pomponius affirming that he warring against the Gothians to auoid their hands ran into an whyrlepit where hée was drowned and his body neuer found Immediatly after the death of Decius God sent a plague tenne yéeres together A plague of ten yeeres which made diuerse places of the world desolate especially where the persecution most raged Where might appeare great difference betwéene the Christians and Gentils one comforting and ministring to the necessities of their brethren the other forsaking their neighbours and friends left them destitute Cyprian de mortalitate and voyd of succour Vpon this plague Cypr. wrote his book de mortalitate After the death of Decius succeded Vibias Vibias Gallus Gallus Volusian Volusianus his son both by treasō about the yéere 255. cōtinued 2. yéers Gallus at the first was quiet The teachers of Christianity banished but anon after published edicts against the Christians which was chiefly of banishmēt of the guides of the church In whose time Cyprian B. of Carthage was banished Other were condemned to the mynes as Nemesianus Nemesianus Felix Felix Lucius Lucius with their bish priests deacons to whom Cyprian wrote cōsolatory epistles He wrote also consolatory Epistles to Seagrius Seagrius Rogatianus Rogatianus being then in bonds for the trueth In the time of this Gallus was Lucius B. of Rome sent into banishment who next succéeded Cornelius in the yéere 256. wherin he continued but a while and returned to his Church Lucius sate but 8. moneths as saith Eusebius Damasus Marianus Scotus and Nauclerus say he sate 3. yéeres and was beheaded the second yéere of Valerian and Galienus After Lucius came Stephanus Stephanus sate 7. yéers 5. months died a martir as saith Damasus Platina Sabellicus Eusebius Volateranus giue him which is more likely but 2. yeres Betwixt this Stephanus and Cyprian fell a contention Contention about rebaptising of heretikes Next to the former Emperors succéeded Emilianus Emilianus who slue the former and succéeded himself After that he had reigned but thrée moneths he also was slaine Next Valerianus and Galienus Valerianus Galienus his sonne were aduaunced to the Empire and succéeded Emilianus Valerianus thrée or foure yéeres was so curteous and gentle to the Christians as no Emperour before him no not such as professed Christ so that his Court was full of Christians But being seduced by an Egyptian magician Valerianus seduced who was hindred by the Christians from practising his charms he fell to idols and sacrificed young infantes and raised the eight persecution The eight Persecution THe chief ministers of this persecution were Emilianus President of Egypt Paternus and Galerius maximus Proconsuls in Africa Paternus Vicegerent in Rome Perennius Nicetus and Claudius Presidents Disordered life of Christians The cause of this persecution besides the Egyptian aboue mentioned was the dissention and disordered life of Christians euen of those that had béen confessors as Cyprian in his fourth booke and fourth Epistle doeth declare to whom it was shewed in a vision of the Lord before it came There was a certaine aged man sitting A Vision at whose right hande sate a young man very sadde and pensiue as one with an indignation sorowfull holding his hande vppon his breast his countenance heauie and vnchéerefull On the left hand sate another person hauing in his hand a nette which hee threatned to lay to catche the people that stoode about and saide vnto him the young man whom thou séest sad sorowful is for that his precepts bee not obserued but he on the left hand daunceth and is merrie for that occasion is giuen him to haue power of the aged father to afflict men Cyprians Apologie for Christians Cyprian doth defend the Christians and confute the false accusations laid against them as among the rest to be the causes of all calamities that happened of warre or plague whatsoeuer writing contra Demetrium as Tertullian had before writing contra Capulam Cyprian was an African borne in Carthage and first was an idolater Cyprian once a Magician altogether giuen to the practise of magical artes and a worthie Rhetorician He was conuerted to the saith by Cecil a priest whose name after hee bare through occasion of hearing the history of the Prophet Ionas Cecilius conuerteth Cypr. And immediatly vpon his conuersion he distributed all his substance to the poore and being ordayned a Priest was not long after made Bishop of Carthage But whether hée succéeded Agrippinus Agrippinus which was the first author of rebaptization it is vncertaine Such were his giftes and vertues that he had the gouernment of the whole East Church and Church of Spaine and was called the Bishop of Christian men He was much geuen to reade Tertullian and called him his master In the time of Decius and Gallus he was first banished Cyprian banished and after returning againe out of exile in the time of Valerianus he was also the second time banished by Paternus the Proconsull of Africke into the Citie of Thurbin or into a Citie called Furabilitana or Curabilitana But when Paternus the Proconsul was dead Galienus Maximus succéeded him who finding Cyprian in a Garden caused him to be apprehended and after many raging words his head to be stricken of Xistus being then Bishop of Rome Cyprian beheaded in the yere 259. It is to be noted that there were more Cyprians Diuers Cyprians one of whom Nazianzen writeth to be a Citizen of Antioch and afterward Bishop of that Citie and martired vnder Dioclesian There was also a third Cyprian in the time of Iulianus Apostata long after both the former About this time vnder the same Valerianus suffered Xistus or Sixtus the second of that name Bishop of Rome who with vi of his Deacons Sixtus with six of his deacons Nemesius being one was beheaded At which time also one Laurence a Deacon séeing the Bishop led to execution cried out vnto him saying O deare father whither goest thou without the companie of thy deare sonne meaning himselfe To whom he answered with a fatherly discourse that within thrée dayes hee should suffer after a more painfull manner which in déede followed according as he had said for Laurence hauing distributed of the goods of the poore by the
Constantius contented only with the title satisfied himselfe with Fraunce Spaine and Britanie Wherefore Galerius chose to him his two sonnes Maximinus and Seuerus Likewise Constantius tooke Constantinus vnder him Constantinus In the meane time while Maximinus with his two Cesars were in Asia the Romā souldiers set vp for their Emperor Maxentius the sonne of Maximinian who had deposed himself against whom Seuerus being sent by his father was slaine of Maxentius in whose place Maximinus tooke Licinius and these Emperours prosecuted the persecution seuen or eight yéeres which was till the yéere 318. Sauing that Constantius and his son Constantinus rather fauoured the Christians Constantius trieth his court who were Christians and minding to trie at a certaine time what good Christians hée had in his court fayned as though hée would doo sacrifice to Diuels and commaunded all his houshold so to doo to the end he might discerne the one from the other which hauing doone and finding a number to remaine constant cherished them and refused the backsliders admitting the other to the chiefe places about him Maximinus in the East churches vsed great crueltie and had executioners of the same Pentius Quintianus Theotechnus besides other but his rage was stayed by the hand of God who sent him such a botch Gods iudgement vpon Maximinus that it putrified and eate his entrailes from whence swarmed an innumerable multitude of lyce wherevpon he caused persecution to cease and required the Christians to pray for him and published edicts of peace vnto them throughout all his Empyre Wherat one Maxentius was not pleased to haue such edicts published where he had to doo in Asia other prouinces But Sabinus who had among them the chief office wrote the Emperours pleasure to the substitutes of euery country whervpon grew a maruellous sudden alteration in the Church But scarse suffered Maximinus the tyrant the same six moneths vnuiolated but set out contrary edicts caused them to be engraued in brasse and hanged in euery citie So that persecution rose againe as great as before At Emysa in Phenicia they condemned thrée christians with whom Syluanus Syluanus the bishop a very old man being 40. yéeres in ecclesiasticall function was condemned to death In Nicomedia Lucianus the Elder of Antioch after he had giuen his Apologie to the Emperour was put to death In Amasia a citie of Cappadocia Bringes the lieftenant of Maximinus had the executing of that persecution At Alexandria Petrus Petrus a most worthy bishop was beheaded with many other Egyptian bishops Quirinus Quirinus the Bishop of Scescanius was throwne into the flood hauing an handmill hanged about his necke and drowned At Rome died Marcellus Marcellus and Timotheus Timotheus the elder with many other Bishops and priests and in many other places diuerse were martyred as Victorianus Symphorianus Castorius with his wife Castulus Cesarius Mennas Nobilis Dorotheus Gorgamus Petrus and other innumerable martyrs more Iuliana Cosmus Damanus Basilenus with 7. other Dorothea Theophilus Theodosia Vitalis Agricola Acha Philemon Hireneus Ianuarius Festus Desiderius Gregorius Spolitanus Agapes Chronia Hirenea Theodora 270. martyred and 270. other Florianus Primus and Felicianus Vitus and Modestus Crescentia Albinus Rogatianus Donatianus Pancratius Catharina Margareta Lucia the virgin and Antheus the king with 37000. martyrs Antheus a king with 37000. martyrs Simplicius Faustinus Beatrix Panthaleon Gregorius Iustus Leocandia Anthonia with an infinite number more Also Felix Victor with his parents Lucia the widdow 79. martyrs Germinianus with 79. others Sabinus Anastacia Chrisogonus Felix and Audactus Adrianus Nathalia Eugenia Agnes of thirtéene yeares old The kind of cruelties were straunge and the persecution more gréeuous vnder Maximinus the tyrant then vnder Maximinianus the Prince Now the Emperour in his edict had declared what plentie they enioyed what times their Idols were adored but immediatly vpon this renewing of persecution fell out most miserable famine and pestilence Famine and pestilence in the which the christians shewed their kindnes vnto the Gentils reléeuing to their power such as they thought to stand in néed Herevpon grew againe some peace Maximinian vnderstanding that the Pretorian souldiers had chosen his sonne Emperour at Rome intended to take vnto him againe his empire and perswaded Dioclesian so to do but was repulsed and prouided to fly to Constantinus in Frāce for aide but indéed purposed to kil him which was detected by Fausta the daughter of Maximinian whō Constantinus had married So that taking no place he retired in the way was apprehended and put to death Certaine companions of Maxentius solliciting a Christian Gentlewoman of Rome whose husband first they had killed to satisfie the filthie desire of the Emperour rather then she would so doe killed her selfe In the beginning of his reigne he fained himself a Christian to the end he might serue his wicked purpose but afterward shewed himself both towards them and in al other behauiour most abhominable giuing himselfe to magicke and pollution of his body with all kinde of cruelty against his owne citizens and nobles He banished a certain noblewoman of Rome because she gaue her goods to the Church The people of Rome being wearied with the villany of Maxentius The villany of Maxentius required ayd of Constantin who first admonished him by letters which nothing preuailing he gathered an armie in Fraunce and Britanny to represse the rage of the of the tyrant To whō he approched and fearing his charms wherewith hée had vanquished Seuerus sent by Galerius stoode in doubt and whilest he was in doubting and casting vp his eies manie times to heauen on the South part about the going downe of the sunne he saw a brightnesse in heauen appearing in the similitude of a crosse A vision of the crosse with certain starres of equall bignesse giuing this inscription like latine letters In hoc vince that is in this ouercome Eusebius Pamphilus made report that he heard Constantinus himselfe often report the same Now he being astonied hereat and consulting vpon the meaning thereof in the night in his sléepe Christ appeared vnto him with the signe of the same crosse which he had séene before bidding him to make the figuratiō thereof and to carrie it in his warres before him and so should he haue victorie Wherevpon he marched towards Maxentius hauing done as the vision commanded who being constrained to issue out of the citie to méete him commanded Pons Milonius to be beaten down a false bridge to be made thinking thereby to take Constantinus But hée himselfe being not able to sustaine Constantinus force Maxentius drowned The last persecution ended and retiring in hope to get the Citie was ouerthrowen of his horse into the flood and drowned and so ended the last Persecution The first attempt of Constantinus against Maxentius was Ann. 318. So that thrée hundred yeres was the ful time of the persecution from Christ Constantinus for this
thou doe after his counsell that shall deliuer thée and follow him if hee shewe thée a better way of life to whom he promised faithfully so he would Then he laying his hand vppon his head when saith hée this token happeneth vnto thée A vision then remember this time of thy tribulation and the promise which thou hast made and sodainly he vanished out of sight Now Paulinus séeing the king to hard to beléeue praied for him and God reuealed vnto him the vision aboue mentioned Wherevppon Paulinus comming vnto the king vpon a time and laying his hand vpon the Kings head asked him if hee knew that token the king hearing this and remembring the token was readie to fall downe at his féete But Paulinus would not suffer that and declared vnto him the victories he obtained by Christ and put him in minde of his former promise Whereupon the king conferring with his Nobles was by him baptized in Yorke with many of his Subiects In so much that Coysi the chiefe of the Idolatrous prelates with others of that kinde Edwine baptized destroyed the Idoles with their Temples which was at Godmunham not farre from York And this was the eleuenth yere of his Reigne This Edwine after he had first brought in the Faith into the North partes continued after his baptisme vi yeres At length he was slaine in battaile by Ced walla king of the Britaines and by wicked Penda king of the Mercians with his sonne and Offricus in the field called Hatfield This Paulinus was the first Archbishoppe of Yorke and ordeyned by Iustus Archbishoppe of Canterburie After whose decease he ordeyned Honorius Archbishop of Canterburie Paulinus after the death of Edwin fled from the vnmercifull Cedwalla and the wicked and Idolatrous Penda who had neither regarde of Sexe nor age by water into Kent with Edelberge the Quéene and Eufled her daughter Where he remayned Bishop of Rochester the space of xix yeres And so the Church of Northumberland lacked a Bishop the space of xxx yeres Notwithstanding he left one Iames a Deacon in those quarters Paulinus the first archbishop of York who continued there preaching til peace was recouered and the Church brought againe to a stay By the meanes of this Edwine Erpwaldus king of the East-angles sonne to Redwaldus aboue mentined was brought to the faith After Edwin and his sonne reigned Osricus and Eaufridus the one in Deira who were first christened in Scotlād but after they were kings reuolted to Idolatrie and in the yeres following were slaine one after another by Cedwalla and wicked Penda After whom succéeded in Northumberland the second sonne of Ethelfrede named Oswaldus hauing rule ouer both the prouinces as wel Deira as Bernicia He by prayer made vnto God ouercame Cedwalla or Cadwallo the Britaine king which sent Penda with an armie against him that was ouerthrowen after hee had reigned ouer the Britaines 22. yeres leauing after him a sonne wohm Gaufridus called Cadwalladius Oswald a notable king the last K. of Britans This Oswald was very religiously disposed and sent for a certain bishop out of Scotland named Aidanus to preach to his people And as he preached in Scottish so the K. did interprete it hauing learned the Scottish tongue in his banishment there By the meanes of Oswald Kinigilsus K. of the Westsaxons was conuerted to Christs faith especially through the godly labor of Berinus who was sent by P. Honorius to preach in England then made Bishop of Dorcester Kinigilsus conuerted To whom Quincelinus brother to the foresaid Kinigilsus after he had receiued baptisme of Berinus Bernius gaue to him the said citie therein to make his Sea and gaue after to the B. of Winchester The Sea of Winchester 7. miles compasse of land to buyld there the bishops Sea which was accomplished finished by Kenwalcus his sonne This Bernius was driuen by the weather to the Coast of the West-saxons where Kinigilsus and his brother Quincelinus did raigne and were baptized with their people It so fell out that Oswaldus King of Northumberlande was there present and the same day married Kinigilsus his daughter and was also Godfather to the king Oswald after he had raigned ix yeres was at the length slaine in the field called Maxfield by wicked Penda king of Mercians Which Penda likewise was ouercome slaine by Oswy brother to Oswald the next king of Northumberland after Oswald not withstanding hee had himselfe as many people as Oswy had Penda had iij. sonnes Wolferus Weda and Egfridus The second sonne Weda Oswy had before time maried his daughter Weda conuerted by consent of Penda his father Who also by the helpe of Oswy was made king of Southmercia and promised when he married his daughter he would become a christian which thing he perfourmed after the death of Penda And within thrée yeres following by reason of his wife he was slaine Wolferus conuerted After him the kingdome fell to Wolferus the other brother who being wedded to Armenilda daughter to Ercombert K. of Kent was afterward christened so that he is accounted the first christian king of Mercia This Wolferus conquered Kenwalcus K. of Kent and gat the I le of Wight which after he gaue to Sigbert king of the East-angels vpon condition he would be christened Sigbert baptized And thus the East-angles which before had expulsed Mellitus their B recouered againe the christian faith vnder Sigbert their king who was baptized by Finanus Finanus the bishop Now to Oswy was ioyned Oswinus his cosin ouer the prouince of Deira there raigned with Oswy seuen yéere a Prince gentill liberall and deuout but not long after Oswy the king of Bernicia disdaining at him caused him traiterously to be slaine and so Oswy with his sonne Egfride raigned in Northumberland alone In that time and also in the house of Oswy and his sonne Egfride was Butolphus the abbot who builded in the East part of Lincoln an abbey Also Aidanus Finianus and Colmannus with 3. scottish Bishops of Northumberland holy men that held with the Brittains against the Romish order for kéeping of Easter Moreouer Cuthbertus Iarmuannus Cedda and Wilfridus liued at the same time About this time or not much before vnder the raigne of Oswy and Oswine the question of Easter The questions of Easter and hauing of other ceremonies was debated in the Abbey called Sternehalt Of which Hilda Hilda a deuout woman was abbesse to the which place came both the kings the father and the sonne Bishop Colman with his Cleargy of Scotland Aigelbert with Agathon and Wilfride Priestes Iames and Roman were on their sides Hilda the Abbesse was on the Scottish part with her companie And the reuerend Bishop Cedda Cedda was appointed Prolocutor for both partes in that parlemēt Now there was much debating of the matter on both partes one standing to the custome of Iohn the Euangeliste to be kept according to the
Egfretus his sonne who raigned but foure monethes next Egfret succéeded Kenulphus in the kingdom of Mercia who made warre against the Cantuarites and tooke Egbert their king called Wren whom he bound and led prisoner to Mercia but vpon the dedication of a Church which hee builded he released him out of prison Next to Pope Zacharie followed Pope Stephen the second to whom Pipinus the French king to gratifie the Pope gaue to the sea of Rome the princedome of Rauenna the kingdome of the Lombards and manie other great possessions of Italie The donation of Pipine the traitor and murtherer Inuention of Organs with all the cities thereto adioyning vnto the borders of Venice and this is like to the donation which they say was giuen of Constantine To this Pipinus was sent into France the inuention of Organs out of Gréece by Costantine Emperour of Constantinople Anno 757. Next to Stephen the second succéeded Paul the first in the Papacie who thundered against Constantine the emperor of Constantinople for abrogating of images but hee continued constant in his purpose notwithstanding to the end of his life These came to bee Popes Constantinus the seconde a Laie man Pope deposed his eies out and brother to Desiderius the king of Lombardie for the which cause hée was shortly deposed and thrust into a Monasterie hauing his eyes put out In whose steade succeeded Stephen the third who condemned the seuenth Councell of Constantinople for hereticall because in that Councell the woorshipping of Images was condemned Pope striueth for images and contrarily caused them to be worshipped and incensed At this time Charles the great beganne to raigne by whom the Pope caused Desiderius the Lombard king to bee depriued Next vnto Stephen succeeded Hadrianus the first who gaue more veneration to images then any before him writing a booke in commendation and vtilitie of their adoration Images laie mens kalender commaunding them to be taken for lay mens kalenders holding a synode at Rome against Felix and al other that spake against images and as Paul the first before him had made much of the body of Petronella S. Peters daughter So this Hadrian clothed the body of S. Peter all in siluer Cost vpon Images and couered the altar of S. Paul with a pall of gold This Hadrian did confirme the order of Saint Gregories Masse before the order of S. Ambrose for vnto the time 800. Strife for Gregories masse the Liturge of S. Ambrose was more vsed in the Italian Churches but this Bishop burnt the bookes of Ambrose seruice into ashes and threwe into prison many priests that would not consent vnto him Now Eugenius cōming 3. daies after the councell ended perswaded the pope to call the councell againe agréed that both the bookes of Gregory and Ambrose should be laied vpon the altar of Peter and Paule and the Church dores shut and sealed they should all the night giue themselues to prayer that God might giue a token whether were more to be allowed Now on the morning A miracle falsly interpreted they found Gregories masse booke plucked one péece from another and scattered ouer all the Church and onely Ambroses booke open vpon the altar where they had laide it This miracle Pope Adrian did interprete on his owne side side that as the leaues were scattered ouer the Church so should Gregories booke bée vsed through the worlde and Ambrose his book should onely be kept at his owne Church at Mediolanum where hee sometime was Bishop Carolus magnus did confirme his fathers gift and deuotion to the Pope adding moreouer therevnto the Citie and dominion of Venice Histria the Dukedome of Foroiuliense the Dukedome Spoletanū and Beneuentanum and other possessions mo to the patrimonie of saint Peter and the Pope to requite him made him Patricium Romanum and ordeined him onely to be taken for Emperour of Rome Carolus being proclaymed Emperour the Empire was translated from the Grecians to the Frenchmen an 801. The Empire translated to the French A B C Monasteries and continued so 102. yeres or thereabout till the comming of Conradus and his Neuew Otho which were Germās This Charles builded so many Monasteries as there bée letters in the A.B.C. He helde a Councell at Franckforde wherein was condemned the Councell of Nice and Irene for setting vp and worshipping of Images Anno 784. Irene Empresse of the Gréekes through the meanes of Pope Hadrian tooke vp the body of Constantine Emperour of Constantinople Irene the Greeke Empresse a maintainer of Images her owne husbandes father and when she had burned the same she caused the ashes to be cast into the Sea because he disanulled Images Afterward she raigned with her sonne Constantine the sixt sonne to Leo the fourth The cruell Irene who was also excommunicated for taking away Images and being at dissention with him she caused him to be taken and laid in prison and afterward through power of fréends being restored was at the last againe cast into prison The Emp. eies pulled out by his mother and had his eyes pulled out so cruelly that within short space he died After this the Empresse by the counsel of Therasius Bishop of Constantinople held a Counsell at Nicea wherin it was decreed that Images again should be restored to the Church which Charles afterward repealed at Frankford At length shée was deposed by Nicephorus who succeeded her and ended her life in much penurie Monasteries erected and founded in England In the space of 200 yéeres these monasteries following began to be founded in the land Paules Churche at London was founded by Ethelbert King of Kent and Sigebert king of Essex about the yéere 604. The first Crosse Altar was set vp in the North parts in Heuenfield vpon occasion of Oswalde King of Northūberlandes fighting against Cadwall where he in the same place set vp the signe of the Crosse knéeling praying there for victorie an 635. The Church of Winchester was first begun and founded by Kinigilsus king of Mercia hauing nine myles about it And afterwarde finished by his Sonne Kewalcus where Owen of Englishmen was the first Bishop Anno 636. The Church of Lincolne was first founded by Paulinus Bishop an 629. The Church of Westminster began first by a certaine citizen of London through the instigation of Ethelbert king of Kent which before was an Ile full of Thornes anno 614. The common Schooles were first erected at Cambridge Common schooles at Cambridge by Sigebert king of East-angles an 636. The Abbey of Knonisburie buylded by Furceus the Eremite an 637 The Monasterie of Malmsburie by one Meldulsus a Scot an 640. And after enlarged by Agilbert Bishop of Winchester The Abbey of Glocester first buylded by Offricus king of Mercia as Cestrensis saith But as William Malmsburie wryteth by Vlferus and Etheldred brethren to Kineburga Abbesse of the same house in the yere of our Lord 679 The Monasterie of Maylerose
Canutus died wherefore that land fell to Canutus who anon after sailed thither and tooke the possession and returned into England married Emma late wife of Egelred and by her had a sonne called Herdeknight or Hardiknoutus He assembled a parlement at Oxford wherin was agréed that English men and Danes should hold the lawes made by king Edgar King Edgars lawes as most good reasonable Thus the Danes being in England beganne by little and litle to bée christened and Canutus went to Rome and so returning againe to England gouerned the land 20. yéers leauing behind him two sonnes Harold Hardiknoutus which Hardiknoutus was made K of Denmarke in his fathers time Harold for his swiftnes called Harefoot son to Canutus by Eligna his first wife began his raign ouer Englād an 1039 He banished his stepmother Emma took her goods iewels from her He raigned but 4. yéeres the kingdome fell to Hardeknoutus king of Denmarke his brother who when he had raigned 2. yéeres Hardeknoutus dieth being merry at Lambith sodainly was stricken dumme and fel down to the ground and within 8. daies after died without issue of his body and was the last that raigned of the blood of the Danes The last K. of the Danes For the Earles and Barons agréed that none of that blood should after bée king for the despite and hurt the Danes had done to the English nation and sent into Normandy for the 2. brethren Alfred Edward sonnes of king Egelred entending to make Alfred king of England but Earle Godwin a Westsaxon who had married the daughter of Hardeknoutus thought to slay the two brethren comming into England to make Harold his sonne king which sonne he had by the daughter of Hardeknoutus the Dane King The messengers that went for the brethren founde but Alfred the elder for Edward the younger was gone into Hungary to speake with his cousin the outlaw which was Edward Ironsides sonne So the traitor Godwin met with Alfride the Normans attending vpon him and when they came to Guilde doune he commanded his men to slea all that were of Alfrides company and after that to take Alfred and to leade him to the yle of Ely where they should put out both his eies which they did Alfred cruelly murthered that done they opened his body and tooke out his bowels set a stake into the ground and fastned an end of his bowels thereto and with néedles of yron they pricked his tender body thereby causing him to go about the stake till al his bowels were drawne out After this treason the wicbed Duke fled into Denmark and lost al his lands in England and kept him there 4. yéeres and more The stories record that this Canutus folowing much the superstition of Achelnotus Archb. of Canterbury went on Pilgrimage to Rome and there founded an Hospitall for English Pilgrims hée gaue the Pope pretious giftes and burdened the land with a yéerely tribute called Romeshotte Romeshot He shrined the body of Bernius and gaue greate landes to the Cathedrall Church of Winchester he builded Saints Benets in Northfolke which was before an heremitage Also S. Edmundsburie S. Edmundsburie turned from priestes to monkes which king Ethelstane ordeined before for a colledge of priests he turned to an abbey of Monkes of S. Benets order This king Canutus beyng prouoked to go to Winchester by Egelnothus Archbishop of Canterburie resigned his regall crowne to the rood A Rood crowned king of England and made the roode king ouer the land He ordained lawes of his owne touching matters ecclesiasticall although at the beginning hée vsed Edgars lawes as touching paying for opening the earth at funerals he forbad also all faires and markets vpon Sundayes and all secular actions but vpon vrgent necessitie A good law against adultery He ordained to receaue the communion thrise a yéere That married woman that had committed adultery should haue her eares and nose cut off Also that no widow should marrie within xij moneths after the death of her husband else to lose her ioynture c. Thus ended the Danish kings which Danes had vexed and wasted the land the time of 255. yéeres The land vexed by the Danes 255. yeeres Next vnto Canutus the second or Hardiknoute succéeded Edward the younger sonne of Egelred and Emma who was long banished in Normandy He came ouer with a few Normans and was crowned at Winchester anno 943. by Edesius thē Archbishop of Canterburie and not long after he married Goditha or Editha daughter of Earle Godwin with whom he neither dealt fleshly nor yet put her from his bed He gouerned the land with great wisdome peace xxiiij yeres In the time of this K. came William Duke of Normandie with a goodly companie to sée K. Edward to whom it is said Edw. promised if he died without issue to leaue the Crowne In this K. reigne liued Marianus Scotus M. Scotus the storie wryter About the 13. yéere of this kings raigne he sent Aldred bishop of Worceter to the Emperour Henricus the fourth praying him that he would send to the king of Hungarie that his coosin Edward sonne of Edmund Ironside might come into England for so much as he entended to make him king after him who was called Edward outlaw This was fulfilled and he came into England with his wife Agatha and with his children Edgar Adeling Margaret and Christina but the yéere after his returne he died at London was buried at Westminster or as Iornalensis saith at Paules church in London After whose decease the king receiued Edgar Adeling his sonne as his owne child thinking to make him his heire but fearing the mutabilitie of the Englishmen and the pride and malice of Harold the sonne of Godwin directed Embassadours to William Duke of Normandy William Duke of Normandy appointed heire of the crowne his kinseman assigning him to bée lawfull heire after him After the death of Godwin his son Harold grew in great fauour with the king He sayled into Flaunders and in the course of his sayling he was driuen by force of weather into the prouince of Pomilitie where he was taken prisoner and sent to William Duke of Normandie to whom he was made to sweare that he in time following should marry his daughter and that after the death of King Edward Harold sweareth to Duke William he should kéepe the land of England to his behoofe according to the minde and will of Edward after some Writers and so to liue in honor next to him in the Realme Thus he returned home and shewed to the king what he had done Wherewith he was very wel contented Leofricuss Earle of Chester and of Mercia who was also very faithfull to king Edward with his wife Godina builded the Abbey of Couentrée The Abbey of Couentrie and endued the same with great lands and riches King Edward after hee had reigned thrée and twentie yeares and seuen
citie bearing a grudge to the Emperor perswaded the pope that he was cōming against him with a mighty power willing him to prouide for himselfe wherevpon the pope beyng afraid returned to Canusium or Canusus a citie subiect to Matilda a Countesse in Italie Whereof the Emperour vnderstanding incontinent comming out of Spires with his wife his yoong sonne in the déepe and sharpe winter resorted to Canusus without any company for they were al afraid of the popes curse and laying apart his regall ornaments came barefooted with his wife and child to the gate of Canusus The Emperor brought vnder the Popes foote where he from morning to night all the day fasting most humbly desired absolution crauing to be let in to the speach of the Pope which could not be graunted of thrée daies At last it was aunswered that the Pope had no leasure to speake with him yet notwithstanding through his importunate sute and intreatie of Matilda the Popes paramour and of Aleranus Earle of Sebaudia and the Abbot of Cluniacke it was graunted that hée should be admitted to the Popes spéech On the fourth day being let in for token of true repentance he yéelded to the Popes handes his crowne and all his imperiall ornaments The Emp. yeldeth his crown to the Pope and confessed himselfe vnworthy of the empire if euer he doe so againe against the Pope and humbly required absolution The pope answered hée would not release him but vpon conditions First that hée shal be content to stand to his arbitremēt in the Couecel to take such penance as he should appoint him that he should be readie to appeare in such place and time as the P. should appoint him Moreouer being content to take the P. as Iudge should answere in the said Councel to all accusations laide against him that he should neuer seeke any reuēge hereafter Also though he were quit cléered therein should stād to the P. minde whether to haue his kingdome restored or to lose it Hard conditions Finally that before the triall of his cause he should vse no ornamēts of his crown or empire nor to gouerne or exact any oath of his subiects These things being promised of the Emperour by oth He onely released him of excommunication afterward fearing least the Emperor should hereafter Henricus 4. deposed when he had obtained peace among his people make reuenge they concluded to deriue the Empire to Rodolphus a great state of Germanie and sent into France to declare the Emperour to be rightly excommunicated and to require the consents of the French men to elect Rodolphus to whom the pope sent a crowne with this sentence The Rock gaue this crowne to Peter Petra dedit Petro. Peter giueth it to Rodolph and gaue in commaundement to the archbishop of Mentz and Collen to elect this Rodolphus for Emperour Which newes being brought to Henricus the Emperour he mustereth his men to defend his right and trusting vpō the league betwéene him and the Pope sendeth to Rome requiring him to procéed with his sentence against Rodolphus for the rebellious inuasion of his empire The pope refused to denounce Rodolphus Rodolph chosē emperor and after they had tried twise with the sword much bloodshed he sendeth downe a commission by Otho Archbishop of Treuers Bernardus deacon and Bernardus Abbot of Massilia to whom he gaue charge to call a Councell in Germanie and there to define whether should be Emperour promising that he would ratifie him whome they should choose but the Emperour would not permit the Legates to holde any councel in Germany except they wold first depriue Rodolphus of his kingdome Whereupon the Legates returned againe without their purpose which moued the Pope once againe to thunder out his excommunication against him thinking thereby to further Rodolphus Also he enditeth and deposeth Gimbertus Archb. of Rauenna for taking the Emp. part and sendeth to Rauenna an other Archb. with ful authority Vpon this they fought againe where Rodolphus Rod. wounded to death hauing his deaths wound was carried to Hyperbolis where he commaunded the Bishops and chiefe doers of his conspiracie to be brought vnto him who when they came he lifted vp his right hand in which he had taken his deadly woūd and said this is the hand that gaue the oath and Sacrament to Henricus my Prince and which through your instigation hath so oft fought against him in vaine Now go and performe your first oath to your K. for I must goe to my fathers and so died After this the Emperor hauing subdued his enemie called a Councell of diuers Bishops of Italie Lombardie and Germanie at Bryxia an 1083. Where hee purged himselfe and accused the Pope of diuers crimes Crimes against the P. as to be an vsurper periured a Negromancer a sorcerer and sower of discord c. When notwithstāding he swore with others in the the time of his father Henricus the third that during his time and his sonnes they would suffer none to aspire nor they themselues to the seate of Papacie without the consent of the Emperours Wherefore that Councell condemned this Gregorie to be deposed and sent the tenor to Rome and elected Gimbertus Archbishop of Rauenna named Clemens the thirde whom the Emperor by force of armes placed in that Sea Not long after this Hildebrand died in exile Hildebrand deposed dieth in banishment and as Antoninus wryteth lying on his death bed he bewayled his faults and sent a Cardinall to the Emp. desiring forgeuenes absoluing also him his part-takers quicke dead from the sentence of excommunication About the death of Pope Hildebrand or not long after followed the death of K. William Conqueror W. Conqueror dieth anno 1090. after that he had reigned xxvij yeres x. moneths who setting on fire the Citie of Meaux in Fraunce and being busie thereabout ouer heat himselfe fell sick and died He was so hard to Englishmen that as there was no English Bishop remayning but onely Wolstane of Worcester who being commanded of the K. and Lanfrank to resigne vp his staffe partly for inhabilitie partly for lack of the French tongue refused otherwise to resigne it but only to him that gaue it and so went to the tombe of K. Edw. where he thought to resigne it but was permitted to enioy it stil so likewise there was almost no Englishmā that bare office of honor or rule In so much that it was halfe a shame at that time to be called an Englishman Yet was he somewhat fauorable to the Citie of London and graunted them the first charter that euer they had written in the Saxon tongue and sealed with gréene waxe He was much geuen to maintain peace in his land The conqueror geuen to make peace in his land so that a mayden loded with gold might haue traueled safely through the same He builded two monasteries one at Batel in Sussex where he wan the field
of our Lady Item all such of the clergie as had wiues should be depriued of orders Item Lawfull for subiects to breake their oth of allegiance that it might be lawfull for al subiects to breake their oth of allegiance with such as the pope had excōmunicated c. The K. after he had deteined the archbishoprike of Canterbury in his owne hands thrée yéeres gaue it to Anselmus abbot of Beck in Normandy which he was so vnwilling to take that the King had much adoo to thrust it vpon him The citie of Canterbury giuen to the Archbishop and was so desirous he should haue it that he gaue vnto him wholly the citie of Canterburie about the yéere 1093. But afterward there fell such dissention betwixt them that the king sought all meanes to put him out againe for that he required of Anselmus in gentle manner that such landes of the Church of Canterburie as the king had giuen to his friendes since the death of Lanfranke might so remaine whereto Anselme refusing to agrée Anselme the Archb. against the king moued the King with displeasure against him and therevpon he did a great while stop his consecration By reason of the contention at Rome betwixt the two Popes Vrbanus and Clemens 3. there grew diuision some holding with one some with the other England tooke part with Clemens 3. but Anselme against the K. the rest stuck to Vrbanus Vrbane and Clemēt popes at strife and required of the king leaue to fetch his pall of Vrbanus which when he could not at the first obtaine he appealeth to the pope contrary as the K. said to his fealty Betwixt thē there was much reasoning debate about the matter but in conclusion none of his fellow Bishops durst take his part but were all against him especially William B. of Duresme In the meane season the king had sent two messengers to Vrbane for the pall to bestow where he would who returned and brought with them Gualtar B. of Albane the Popes Legate with the pall to be giuen to Anselme Which Legate so perswaded the king that Vrbane was receiued Pope through the whole land and after the king had receiued the pall there went vnto Anselme certaine declaring the paines and charges the king was at in procuring the pall The king faine to relent to the Archbishop willed him somewhat to relent vnto him which he notwithstanding in no case would yéeld vnto so the king was compelled to yeeld vnto him the full right of the sea But afterward grewe great displeasure betwixt them so so that Anselme went to appeale to Rome where he remained in exile notwithstanding Vrbane wrote in his behalfe to the King that set light by the Popes letters and suite therein A Councell Wherevpon the pope promised at the next Councell at Baron to take order for the matter where Anselme beyng present was called for and first sitting in an vtterside of the Bishops afterward was placed at the right foote of the Pope with these wordes Includamus hunc in orbe nostro The Archb. of Canterburie called the pope of England tanquam alterius orbis Papam Whervpon that same seat was appointed afterward to the sea of Canterburie in euery generall Councell In this Councell great stur was against the Grecians about the procéeding of the holy ghost Which gréeke church differed from the Latine in 20. or 29. articles First 29. articles of controuersy betwixt the church of Rome and the Greeke Church The Latines holdē for excōmunicates that they are not vnder the sea of Rome 2. That the sea of Rome hath not greater power then the 4. patriarkes and whatsoeuer the pope doth beside their knowledge or without their approbation is of no value 3. That whatsoeuer hath béen cōcluded since in the second general councel is of no authority sufficient because from that time they recount the Latines to be excluded out of the Church 4. They deny the reall presence consecrate in leuened bread 5. Also at the words of baptism they say Let this creature be baptized in the name of the father sonne holy Ghost c. 6. They deny purgatory account the suffrages of the dead of no value 7 That the soules after death haue neither their perfect paine nor glorie but are reserued in a certaine place till the day of iudgement 8. They condemne the Church of Rome for mixing colde water in their Sacrifice 9. They condemne the Church of Rome saying they admit aswell women as men in baptisme to annoint children on both shoulders 10. Also they call our bread Panagia 11. They blame the Romish church for celebrating masse on any other daies saue sundaies and certaine other feast daies 12. The Gréek hath neither creame nor oile nor sacrament of confirmation 13. Neither do they vse extreme vnction expounding the place of S. Iames of spiritual infirmity 14. They enioyne no satisfaction for penaunce 15. They consecrate for the sicke onely on maundy Thurseday keeping it for the whole yéere after neither doe they fast any Saturday through the yéere but onely on Easter euen 16. They giue onely but fiue orders as Clearkes Subdeacons Deacons Priests and Bishops the Romans giuing nine 17. They make no vow of chastity 18. Euery yéere the Grecians vse vpon certaine daies to excommunicat the Church of Rome The Romans euery yeere solemnly excommunicated of the Greekes and all Latines as heretikes 19 They excommunicat him that striketh a Priest neither doe they liue vnmarried 20. Their Emperour disposeth of ecclesiasticall matters of gouernment according to his owne pleasure 21. They eate flesh egges chéese on Friday 22. They hold against the Latines for celebrating without the consecrated church for fasting on the Sabboth day for permitting menstruous women to enter into the church before their purifying for suffering dogges and other beasts to enter into the church 23. The Grecians vse not to knéele in al their deuotions not to the Eucharist sauing one day in the yéere 24. They permit not the Latines to celebrate vpon their altars which if they doe they by and by wash the altar and when they celebrate they say but one Lyturgy or masse vpon one altar that day 25. They dissent in the maner of the procéeding of the holy Ghost c. Now in the counsel aforesaid among other pointes the procéeding of the holy ghost celebrating with leauened bread was debated concerning the which Anselme did behaue himself greatly to the mind of the pope after lōg reasoning of matters betwixt the churches the pope thundereth out excommunication against the Gréekes The Pope excommunicated the Greekes and their adherents was ready also to procéed to the sentence of excommunication against the king of England for Anselmus sake had not Anselme himselfe knéeling down obtained for him longer time of further trial Whervpon the counsel brake vp the Pope directeth his letters to the K.
decrée against marriage remained still Pope Paschalis Pope Paschalis entered his papacie the same yéere that king Henry began his reigne an 1100. and being brought into Laterane vpon a white palfray a scepter was brought him The Popes ornaments and a girdle put about him hauing seuen keies with seuen seales hanging therevpon in token of his seuenfold power Popes seuenfold power according to the seuenfold grace of the holy Ghost of binding loosing shutting opening sealing resigning and iudging c. This Pope did depose all those Prelates that the Emperour set vp also banished Albertus Theodoricus Maginulphus they striued the same time for the papacie and made an army against Guybert whom the Emperour had made Pope who being put to flight not long after died About the same time Anno 1101. the Bishop of Florence began to preach to teach Antichrist then to be borne and to be manifest That Antichrist was borne Married priests condēned for Nicolaitans as Sabellicus testifieth wherevpon Paschalis assembling a councel put to silence the said bishop and condemned his bookes In this Councell at Trecas married priests were condemned for Nicolaitans This Paschalis renewed the excommunication of Hildebrand against the Emperour and set vp his sonne Emperour against him caused the archbishop of Mentz of Collen and of Wormes at Hilgeshen to depriue the Emperour The Emp. deposed by the Pope and to take from him all the ornaments of his Empyre wherevpon the Emperour beyng left desolate he pronounced Let God see and iudge Let God see and iudge Thus they left him and went and confirmed his sonne and caused him to driue out his Father who then beyng chased of his owne sonne hauing but nine persons about him did flie by the Dukedome of Lymbrough Where the Duke beyng then a hunting and hearing of him followed after him The Emperour looking for nothing but present death for he had displaced the same Duke before out of his dukedome submitted himselfe and craued pardon the Duke pitying his case receiued him to fauour and into his castle And gathering together his men of war brought him to Collen where he was well receiued His sonne hearing of this besieged the citie but the father by night escaping fled to Leodium where he assembled a power and pitched a field desiring his friends The pope setteth the Emperors sonne against him that if he got the victory they would spare his sonne In fine the Father had the victory and the sonne was put to flight but shortly after they renewed battel againe and the sonne got the field and the father taken who being vtterly dispossessed of his kingdom was brought to that state that comming to Spire he was faine to craue of the Bishop there to whom he had done much good before to haue a prebend in the Church The Emperor craueth to be aprehend of a Church but could not obtaine it and for that he had some skil of his book he desired to serue in our Ladies quire yet hée could not obtain so much at his hands who sware by our lady he should haue none there Thus he came to Leodiū there for sorow died after that he had raigned 50. yéeres whose body Paschalis after his funerall caused to be taken vp again and to be brought to Shires The Emp dieth for sorow where it remained fiue yéeres vnburied After the decease of Henricus the 4 his sonne Henricus the 5. raigned 20. yéeres who comming to Rome to be crowned of the Pope could not obtaine it No Emperour to haue to doe with the elect of the Pope The Emp. had been slaine at Rome before it were by him fully ratified that no Emperor should haue any thing to doe with the election of the B of Rome or with other bishopricks and such a stirre there was at Rome that the Emperor if he had not defended himselfe with his owne handes he had béene slayne yet gotte hée the victorie and tooke the Pope and leadeth him out of the Citie where he indenteth with him vppon diuers conditions The pope faine to agree to the Emperour both of his coronation and recouering againe his title in election of the Pope and other Bishops Wherevnto the Pope assented and agréed to all so the Emperour being crowned of Paschalis returned againe to Rome The pope breaketh couenant But so soone as the Emperour was returned into Germany the Pope forthwith calling a synod reuoked al that hée had granted to before excomunicated Henricus the Emperour whereof he hearing being in France and there hauing married Mathild daughter to K. Henry returned with a power and putteth the pope to flight and placeth another in his stéede The Germans rebell In the which time the States of Germany rebelled in so much that it grew to a foughten field ann 1115. Wherfore the Emp. séeing no end of troubles was faine in the end to giue ouer all his right in Churchmatters The Emp. giueth ouer to the Pope In the time of this Paschalis liued Bernardus called Abbas Clarauallensis ann 1118. of whom sprang the Bernardine monkes Bernardine monkes After the death of Paschalis succéeded Gelasius Gelasius chosen by the Cardinall without the consent of the Emperour whervpon grew great great variance in Rome and at length another pope was set vp by the Emperor called Gregorie the 8 Gregorie 8. and Gelasius driuen away into Fraunce and there died After whom came Calixtus Calixtus the 2 chosen by a fewe Cardinals without the consent of the Emperour who comming vp to Rome to inioy his seat first did excommunicat the Emperour Hee then hauing diuers conflicts with his fellow pope Gregorius at length draue him out of Rome At which time by this occasion great cōtrouersie was betwixt the emperors the popes court for the preeminence but in cōclusion The Emp. fain to yeeld the Emp. was faine to condiscend to the vnreasonable conditions of the pope first to ratifie his election notwithstanding the other pope was aliue whom the Emperour set vp and that in matters of the popes election and inuesture of the Bishops hee should resigne his right Which being graunted A shamefull vsage of a pope the Pope maketh out after his fellow pope and taketh him at Sutrium and set him vppon a Camell his face towardes the Camels tayle and the tayle held in his hand in stéede of a bridle and so brought him to Rome thorough the stréetes and afterward hauing shorne him thrust him into a monastery This Pope did first establish the papall decrées against the Emperour he brought in the foure quarter fastes cal-called Imber daies Imber daies and brought in the order of monks called Premonstratensis Premonstratensis also was hot against priests wiues After the death of Anselme who deceased An. 1109. After he had béene in the sea 16. yéeres the church of Canterburie stood void 5. yéeres Canterbury 5.
yeeres void to the kings vse and the goods of the church was spent to the kings vse the king pretending to take deliberation to choose one answerable to those that went before The same yéere after his death Ely made a bishopricke the king conuerted the abbey of Ely to a bishoprick which was before vnder the bishopricke of Lincolne placing there Henrie B. of Bangor the first Bishop of that sea Ann. 1115. Rodolphus B. of Rochester an English maÌ„ was promoted to be Archb. of Canterbury and Thurstinus the kings Chaplaine was elected Archb. of Yorke who because he refused to professe obedience to the same Sea was depriued by the king and therevpon went to complaine to Pope Paschalis who wrote that he would haue the order of Gregorie stand therein But Thurstine stood stiffely in the matter renounced his Archbishoprick promising he wold neuer either make claime to it or molest those that should enioy it Now afterward when Calixtus had called a CouÌ„cell at Rheims in Fraunce Thurstine wrought so that hée was in that Councell consecrated and had his pal notwithstanding the Pope had promised the king faithfully to the contrarie For which deede the K. was sore discontented with Thurstine and warned him the entrie of his land In the Councel of Rheims were gathered 434. Prelates A Councel of 434. Prelates The pointes there concluded were for establishing their owne authoritie in dispensing of Ecclesiasticall Offices in prohibiting Priestes marriages and sequestring theÌ„ from their wiues Which articles were sent to the Emperor to trie his mind before the Councell should breake vp who was contented with all sauing that he could not away to haue the inuesting of ecclesiasticall function taken from him The Pope excoÌ„municateth the Emperor wherevpon the pope procéedeth against him to excommunication It was not long after but the Pope came to Gisortium where Henry king of England resorted to him desiring that he would send no more Legates into the land except he himselfe desired because they spoiled the realme of great treasures The king of England sueth to the Pope and also that he would graunt him to vse all the customes vsed before of his auncestors in England and in Normandie To these petitions the Pope graunted and required againe of the king that he would license Thurstin the Archbishop aboue mentioned to returne with fauour into the land but the king vtterly denied that except he would submit to Canterbury Submit to Canterbury Anno 1120 the yéere following Pope Calixtus directeth his letters to the king for Thurstinus and to Rodulph Archbishop of Canterbury in which he doth interdict the Churches of Canterbury and Yorke and threatneth the King with excommunication except within a moneth after the the same Thurstine were receyued into the Sea of Yorke The Pope Thurstine Wherevppon Thurstine for feare was immediately sent for and receaued and was placed in the Sea Anno 1122. Within two yeares after Rodolfe Archbishoppe of Canterburie died whom Gulielmus de Turbin succéeded About which time in the xxvij yere of the kings reigne the Gray friers The Graye friers by procurement of the king came first into Englande and had their house first at Canterburie Anno 1125. the king called a Councell at London where the spiritualtie of England not knowing whereabout it was required graunted the king to haue the punishment of maried Priestes The Priests pay to the K. for their wiues Whereupon the Priestes paying to the K. a certain summe were suffered to retaine their wiues stil to the great gaine of the king This king Henrie buylded the Abbey of Reading for ioy of Saint Iames hand which his daughter Mawde who had maried with the Emperor Henrie the fift brought vnto him after the decease of her husband She was after maried to Geffrey Plantagenet Earle of Aniou of whome came Henrie the second About this time was founded the Priorie of Norton in the Prouince of Chester by one William the sonne of Nichelle This K. an 1131. Danegelt released by the king released vnto the land the Danegelt which his father and brother renued Hee erected also a new Bishoprick at Carlill After Calixtus succéeded Honorius 2. Notwithstanding that the Cardinals had elected another Honorius B yet he by that meanes of certaine Citizens obteyned it An. 1125. Vnto this time liued Henricus v. after that hee had reigned xx yeres died out issue Next after Henricus the Empire fell to Lotharius D of Saxon an 1127. In the time of P. Honorius 2. there was one Arnulphus Arnulphus some say Archbishop of Lugdune Trithemiê° saith he was a Priest that for sharpe rebuking of the Cleargie of Rome was layde waite for and priuily drowned He preached very boldly against their abuses Sabellicus and Platina say they hanged him About the time of this Arnulphus if it were not his own worke there was written a booke called Opus tripartitum Opus tripartitum that coÌ„playneth of many abuses and enormities of the Church as first Abuses of the church preached against of the number of holy dayes also of curious singing in the Church of the multitude of begging Friers and professed womeÌ„ with diuers other points of abuse About the yere of our Lord 1128. Knights of the Rhodes and Templars the order of Knights of the Rhodes called Ioannites and the order of Templars rose vp After Honorius Honorius succéeded Innocentius the second in the yere of our Lord one thousande one hundred and thirtie but after hee was chosen the Romanes elected Anacletus Betwixt which Popes great strife and contention rose Contention betwixt the popes till Lotharius the Emperor began to assist and take part with Innocentius This P. decréed that whosoeuer did strike a Priest Strike a Priest shauen should be excommunicate and not be absolued but only of the pope himselfe An. 1135. King H. dieth in Normandie after that he had reigned in England thirtie fiue yeares and odde monethes leauing for his heires Matilde the Empresse his daughter with her young sonne Henrie to succéede But the Prelates and Nobilitie contrarie to their oath made Steuen Earle of Boloign king sisters sonne to Henrie Hee entered his reigne an 1136. But the empresse about the 6. yere of his reign came into England and tooke him sent him to Bristow to be kept prisoner WheÌ„ce he escaped out and pursued the empresse her parte and caused her to flie the Realme the sixt yere of his reigne But after that Henrie Duke of Normandie inuaded in the quarrell of his Mother and so preuayled that Steeuen was contented to holde the kingdome but for his life time and that Henrie in the meane time should be proclaymed Heire apparant The same yere about October Steeuen ended his life after he had reigned xix yeres periuredly As Theobald succéeded after William Archb. of Cant. so in York after Thurstane followed William who was called S.
hée made him amends and when they were come together Hadrian would not crowne him for the Popes at that time had brought the Emperours to that passe except hée would of his owne charges helpe to the recouery of Apulia out of the handes of the Duke William whereto the Emperour agréed and so the next day was crowned In the meane time the Pope excommunicateth the Duke and incenseth Immanuell the Emperour of Constantinople against him but the Duke putteth Immanuell to flight and placed his siege agaynst Bonauenture where the Pope with his Cardinals were looking for victory and forced the Pope to entreat for peace which hée graunted on condition that hée should make him King of both Sycils The Pope returning to Rome and there finding that hée could not preuaile against the consuls of Rome remooued to Arciminum In this meane time the Emperour requireth homage of the Bishops of Germanie Popes Legats forbidden in Germanie forbidding the Popes Legates to be receiued in Germanie except hée sent for them Besides hée prefixed his owne name in his letters before the Popes name wherevpon passed letters of displeasure betwixt them and Hadrianus not content with the Emperours answere directeth a bull of excommunication and stirreth vp William duke of Apulia and the clergie against him The Emperour purgeth himselfe by letters sent thorough his Empire very pithie and sharpe The Pope on the other side accuseth the Emperour to the bishops of Germanie The Germans excuse the Emperour and incenseth them against him but they would not so far yéeld vnto the Pope but excused the Emperour This Pope onely continued foure yéeres The Pope choked with a flie and odde moneths and walking with his Cardinals to a place called Anagnuia or Arignam he was choked with a flie that got into his throat About this time rose vp the order of the Hermites The order of the Hermites by one William once Duke of Aquitania and afterward a Frier After Hadrian succéeded Alexander 3 Alexander 3. Pope and at the same time the emperor with 9. Cardinals set vp Victor 4. so that there fell much debate about the matter til at the last Alexander by the help of Philip the French king obtained the sea against whom the Emperor made his power and comming to Rome forced the Pope to saile to Venice whither he sent Otho his sonne after Who attempting rashly against his fathers commandement was ouercome and taken Whervpon the Emperour to redéeme his sonne was faine to séek peace and comming to Venice at S. Markes Church The Emperor faine to seeke peace with the Pope The Pope sets his feete vpon the Emperors necke where he should take his absolution he was bid to knéele at the popes féet and the pope setting his féet vpon the Emperors necke pronounced the verse of the Psalme Thou shalt walke vppon the Adder and the Basilisk and shalt tread downe the Lion and the Dragon To whom the Emperor answered not to thée but to Peter The pope againe both to me to Peter In fine the Emperour was absolued on condition hée would receiue Alexander for true Pope and restore againe to the Church all that he had taken away This Pope who raigned 27. yéers kept sundry councels Against marriage of priestd both at Turo and at Lateran wherein he concluded against marriage of priests At this time liued Thomas Becket whos 's first preferment was to the Church of Branfield which he had by the gift of Saint Albons After that he entred into the seruice of the Archbishoppe of Canterburie and was put of Theobald the Archbishop to king Henrie to bridle the yong king that he should not be too fierce against the Cleargie of whom hée was made Lord Chauncellour and afterward in the 44. yéere of his age was made priest and the next day made bishop afterward there fell great variance betwixt the king and him for ouerlightly punishing the Clearkes that offended his lawes Variance betwixt the King and Becket and standing with the king therein Besides he resisted diuers ancient lawes of the land and would not submit himselfe or his Cleargie therevnto moreouer there were other lawes also made at Claredoune Executed for a Traitor that brought curse from Rome in Normandy whereto Becket would giue no allowance as if any person should be found to bring from the Pope or from the Archb. of Canterbury anie writing containing a curse or indict of the land Peterpence denied he should bée executed for a traytour c. That Peterpence should no more be paide yet at the length hée answered he would agrée to the Kinges ordinances saluo ordine suo Saluo ordine suo Which clause the king greatly misliked but notwithstanding great intreate by the Bishoppe of Norwich and Salisbury and the teares of two of the chiefe of the Templars called Richard de Hast and Constans de Henerio hée would not relent til the king signified by expresse message Becket relenteth to the K. that hée should look what to trust to if he yelded not at his request so at length hee relented And the king called a Councell of States where he requiring the Archb. to set to his seale to instruments drawn cōcerning the matter but he refused so to do til farther deliberation which also the king was contented with yet after Thomas repented him of that he had done by the motion of his crossebearer who put him in mind how preiudicial it was to the Church that he had yéelded vnto Wherevpon he required absolution of the Pope for his fact who graunted the same and gaue him courage to bee constant in his quarrell begun Becket stout to the king and therevppon he waxed stoute and would haue departed the lande to flee to the sea of Rome but hee was staied The quarell ceassed not for Becket being Legatus a latere greatly staied the kings purposes Wherevpon the king sent to the Pope requiring that the same authority might be bestowed vppon some other after his appointment which was the Archb. of York but the P. would not notwithstanding at the request of the Kinges Clergie he was content that the K. should be Legate himselfe whereat hee tooke great indignation The K. Toulde be the Popes Legate which moued the Pope at the length to yelde to the request of the bestowing of the Legacie vpon the Archbishop of Yorke yet so that he would Thomas should take no harme thereby The king hauing this straight began with the Inferiors of the Church that had broken his lawes as Felons Robbers felons murtherers among the Clergie Robbers Quarrellers Breakers of the peace and Murtherers whereof more then an hundred were prooued at that time vpon the Cleargie This Thomas could not abide as derogating from the libertie of holy Church The king on the contrarie part was greatly incensed and caused him to be cited to appeare on a certaine day at the Town of Northhampton
almost to Rome and after that Vmbria and Picena yet for Christian and publicke tranquillitie sake hée sendeth vnto him his Legates to entreate a peace declaring that hée would if no other conceyued grudge were then pretended make to him an accompt voluntarily of all things that hée had doone in his life The Emp. offereth to giue accompt of his things to the Pope and that hée would and was contented to submit himselfe vnto the Church and that for this cause hée willingly offered vnto him both dutie and obseruancie and sent him Princes and Dukes of the Empyre to entreate for this peace yet was the popes insolencie such that hée would not that yéere be brought to any agréement but the next yéere after with much adoe Peace betwixt the Emp. and the pope a peace was made and concluded betwixt them by the helpe and industrie of Leopaldus of Austria and Hermannus Captaine of the Duitch souldiers and the President of Messana The Pope then absoluing the Emperour of his excommunication tooke therefore of him an hundred and twentie thousand ounces of golde 120000. ounces of gold to the Pope for the Emperours absolution and promised him the titles both of the empire and also of his kingdomes yet kept he not promise with him for besides other breaches he neither restored the customs in the land of Sicil neither yet the city Castellana Yet notwithstanding Frederike for peace sake bare the iniury and studied by liberall giftes to make the Pope his trustie frend But no meanes would serue so that he moued Henrie the Emperors sonne in his absence to rebell against his father The P. moueth the Emp. sonne to rebel against his father besides other conspiracies procured against the Emperor who returning into Italie to punish those that had rebelled with his sonne The P. admonished those that were faultie to ioyne themselues together and to furnish their Townes and Cities with garisons to send for ayde to their frendes and to prouide weapons méete for war And furthermore sendeth his Ambassador to the Emp. to whō vnder pretence of peace he sendeth out commandemēt to interdict him and his land so soone as he came within the borders of Italie yet the Emperour marcheth forth into Italie notwithstanding the Popes forbidding and brought vnder the cities that rebelled as Mantua The Emp. preuaileth for all the Popes curse Verona Ternisium Patauium and others ouerthrew the Popes confederates whereat the pope being somewhat dismaid began to feare the Emperor and now goeth about to depriue him which hée vnderstanding sendeth foure Legates vnto him that might answere and refute the crimes layd against him With which Embassadours the Pope refuseth to speake and at a day appointed pronounceth the sentence of proscription against the Emperour The pope pronounceth the sentence of proscription against the Emperour depriuing him of all his dignities honours titles prerogatiues kingdomes and the whole empire and and sollicited against him Tewepolus the Venetian who yet stood fast and faithfull to the Emperour Yet certaine princes of Germanie by the Popes meanes reuolted from the Emperour as Otho the Gouernour of Rhemes and Duke Boiora who also caused thrée other Princes and Dukes Reuolt from the Emperour to the Pope to reuolt from the Emperour to the Pope as Vuenceslaus and Belus Princes of che Hungarians and Henrie Duke of Polonia to whom also came Fredericus Austriacus his sonne These gathering a Councell when they had thought to haue translated the empire vnto the kings sonne of Denmarke desired to haue the Popes Legates to be sent from him to the effect of that election These newes being brought to the Emperor at Patauium hee purgeth himselfe of the crimes to the Christian Princes and denounceth a solemne Councell of all the princes and other Nobilitie of the Empire at Aegera to whom resorted diuers States The Church spoiled to maintaine the popes warres and Nobles The pope on the other side soliciting against the Emperor all that hee might so that some had tithes geuen them to fight against the Emperor other Glebe-lands and benefices other the spoyle of such Colledges and Monasteries as tooke not part with the Pope And to some other were geuen Colledges and Monasteries themselues yea there were certaine of the popes owne birdes that had their ecclesiasticall tithes taken from them and other some had the rentes and reuenewes of their Colleges pluckt away by force The Emp. preuaileth to the maintenaunce of the popes quarrell against the Emperour But the Emperour preuayled and came to Viterbium which draue the Pope into a feare least he would also come to Rome wherefore he caused a supplicatiō to be drawne pourtraying about the same the heads of Peter and Paule Euerlasting life promised to such as wold fight against the Emperor and with a sharpe and cōtumelious Oration he much defaced the Emperour promising them euerlasting life and giuing the badge of the crosse to as many as would arme themselues and fight against the Emperour as against the most wicked enemy of God and his church yet the Emperour by Gods blessing preuailed and subdued the popes confederates Now while this stir was betwixt the Emperour and the pope Ochodarius the Emperour of the Tartarians sonne with a great power inuaded the borders next adioyning vnto him there wan Ropolanum Rodolium Mūdanum with diuerse other cities townes killing man woman child and destroyed all Hungarie made great spoile in both the Pannonias Mesiarum Bulgaria Seruia When Belus the king of Hungarie had gotten to Pola a citie of Histria vnto Otho duke of Dalmatia hée sent his Legates to Fredericke the Emperour promising if that he would send him aid to expell the Tartars Hungarie should euer after bée vnder the iurisdiction of the Empire The Emperour was in respect of the common cause of Christians The pope hindereth the defence of christendome very willing to satisfie his request but the pope with his confederats hindered the same as he signified to the king of Hungarie by his letters Notwithstanding he sent Conradus Caesar king of Bohemia and other Princes more of Germanie to withstand the enemy as much as lay in them to doo But the great armie and number of souldiers that ware the crosse by the Popes assignement differed their iourney agaynst the Tartarians and had commaundement giuen them by Albertus the Popes procurator to abide at home till they should be called for in battle to fight against the Emperour and notwithstanding this spoile and hauocke of Polonia Bohemia and Hungaria by the Tartarians it was determined that at Libussa the Princes confederate should be assembled about the deposing of the Emperour and creating an other the league with him and the French king by the popes means The Emp. wasteth about Rome either was vtterly infringed or else in variable suspence Wherefore Fredericke now seing no other remedie prosecuteth his warre to
the B. of Argen said that the pope ought to be the minister of the Church Panormitan could not suffer that but so farre forgat himselfe that he saide the Pope was Lord ouer the Church Segonius on the contrary part Panormitane wil haue the P. Lord of the Church Seruant of seruants the P. honorablest title answered that it was the most honorable title the P. had to bée called the seruant of the seruants of God and alleaged why they ought not to séeke after forraine Lordshippe because Christ himselfe came not to be ministred vnto but to minister c. With whose answeres he being somewhat disquieted the Councel brake vp and departed The next day after dinner they returned all againe where the Archb. of Lions the Kings Orator requested to speake his minde After he had by diuers reasons prooued Eugenius to be an Heretike he bitterly complayned detetesting the negligence and slouthfulnesse of those which had preferred such a man to the Papacie and so moued all their hearts that were present that they al with him The Councel aboue the P. did bewaile the calamitie of the vniuersal church The Bishop of Bruxels Ambassador for the King of Spaine did excellently proue that the Councell was aboue the Pope yet doubted hee whether they were verities of faith The K. of Arragons Almosiner being a craftie and subtile man did not directly dispute vpon the conclusions but picking out here and there certaine arguments sought to hinder the Councell against whom an Abbot of Scotland and Tho. de Corcellis did largely dispute in defence of the Conclusions When the Disputation was ended and a finall conclusion of those matters euen at hand the Archbishops of Millaine and Panormitane armed themselues to let the matter and exhorted all men of their faction to withstande it And first of all as soone as the congregation was assembled the Bishop of Burgen exhorted them to deferre the conclusion and to tarie for the Ambassadors of other Princes who would shortly returne from Mentz After him Panormitane spake also to the same end and so did Ludouicus the Prothonotarie of Rome But Ludouicus the Cardinall Arelatensis Ludouicus Cardinal Arelatensis made an eloquent and pithie Oration and perswaded them to constancie and to the maintenance of the conclusions And when he had made an end of his Oration there was a great noise crying out and brauling euery where Which when Ludouicus the Patriarche of Aquileia perceiued hee saide vnto Panormitane and vnto Ludouicus Prothonotarie doe not thinke the matter shall so passe you knowe not yet the manners of the Germanes for if you goe foorth on this fashion it will not be lawfull for you to departe out of this countrey with whole heads But Iohn Earle of Diersten who then supplyed the Protectors place and the Citizens of Basill gaue assurance of safetie and the Earle willed them to bee of good cheare who neuer discouraged at the Patriarches wordes and by an Interpretor declared that his minde was not to threaten but to nourish the Fathers they should foresée that they should not depart from the councel nothing being done and furthermore desired pardon if his wordes had offended the Councel Panormitane or any man Yet for al this the noyses and cries could not be stayed for as often as mention was made of reading the Concordatum great noyse and rumors were still made to stoppe the same so that Amideus Archbishop of Lyons and Primate of all Fraunce a man of great reuerence and authority was moued to speake in the behalfe of the Conclusions and to admonish them not to geue eare vnto the disturbers of concord In the end the Concordatum of the xij men concerning the articles were required to bee read by the Cardinall Arelatensis many whispering him in the eare that he should goe forward and not alter his purpose Then Panormitane assoone as the concordatum began to be read rising vp with his companions the Aragons cried out with a lowde voice saying you Fathers do contemne our requests despise prelates you would conclude but it is not your part to conclude we are the greater part of the prelates we make the councell and it is our part to conclude And I in the name of the rest do cōclude that this is to be deferred and delayed With this word there sprang such a noise and rumour in the councell Great dissentiō in the councell as is accustomed to be in battle when two armies ioyne some cursing that which Panormitane went about other some allowing the same Then Nicholas Amici Nicholas Amici a diuine of Paris according vnto his office said Panormitane I appeale from this your conclusion to the iudgement of the Councel here present neither doe I affirme any thing ratified which you haue done as I am redy to proue if it shall séem good The cōtrary part séemed now in better place for they had already concluded The other part neither had concluded neither was it séene how they could conclude among so great cries and vprores Notwithstanding amongst all these troublous noyses Ioh. Sigonius a singular diuine of the Vniuersitie of Salamentine had audience and reproued Panormitane in that hée had concluded without deciding of the Deputies and without examination of twelue men or any rite or order and so procéeded to exhort them to constancie not to depart without finall conclusion In the meane time Panormitan is obstinate many graue men exhorted Panormitane to geue ouer his conclusion but neither was he minded so to doe nor the Fathers determined to depart without a conclusion All things were disturbed neither did the prelates sit in their seates but as affection led them some went to the Cardinall Arelatensis some to Panormitane Then Arelatensis séeing the matter to be in danger and that there was no readie way to make a conclusion thought to vse some policie to appease the multitude and tolde them all he had newes to declare them A policie of Arelatensis wherewith they were maruellous attentiue and kept great silence Eugenius messengers saith he hath filled all Fraunce preaching a new doctrine extolling the authoritie of the Bishop of Rome aboue the sacred councell and therefore the Councell must of necessitie prouide remedy and to conclude at the least vppon the three first verities which the Fathers had doone euen as I also saith he doo here conclude in the name of the Father Sonne and Holy ghost And when he had finished his oration Arelatensis concludeth with a chéerefull and mery countenance rising vp he departed some of thē kissed him some of them kissed the skirtes of his garments and commended his wisedome It is reported that Panormitane when he came to his lodging and was gone to his chamber complained with teares that hee had both wittingly and willingly impugned the trueth After this there was a great consultation among the Eugenians what was best to doe in this matter Some thought
their Councel béeing asked by the Duke did confirme and councelled the Duke to put downe the vse of the masse in his dominions About the same time king Henrie the 8. bare the name of a certaine booke written against Luther Booke against Luther Defender of the Christian faith in which he defendeth the Popes pardons his authoritie and the matter of the sacrament For which the pope added to his stile and title Defender of the Christian faith Within the compasse of the same yere P. Leo died reioysing of 3. blessings that God had bestowed vpon him First that hee being banished out of his Countrey was restored againe with glorie 2 That he deserued to be called Apostolike 3 That he had driuen the Frenchmen out of Italy After that he had spoken these words he was striken with a sodaine feuer and shortly after died being of the age of 47 yeres albeit some suspected he died of poyson After him succéeded Hadrian 6. In whose time the Turkes wanne Rhodes Pope Hadrian 6. A meeting at Noremberge He liued not much aboue one yere and a half in his Papacie In the time of this Hadr. the councell of Wormes brake vp and another meting appointed by the Emp. and States at Noremberge an 1522. To which méeting the Pope sent his letters and beside gaue his Legate Cheregalius instructions against Luther To whom the princes answered again geuing reason why as yet the Emperors Edict was not executed against Luther and requiring also that his holinesse with the consent of the Emperor would summon a generall Councell with as much spéed as might be wherein matters might be fréelie debated for the benefite of the Church and reformation of the same and that the assembling of that Councel might not be deferred longer then one yere In the meane time they promised to take reasonable order c. At the same time also at Noremberg 100. greeuances of Germanie against the pope the states propoūded an hundred gréeuances of the Germans which they did sustaine from the Sea of Rome as forbidding of marriage in degrées not forbidden by the law of God forbidding of meates not forbidden by God restraint of marriage at certaine times selling remission of sinnes for money innumities of clergy men excommunication abused number of holie dayes ouer burthenous suspending halowing of churchyardes against Officials and ecclesiasticall Iudges that ecclesiasticall Iudges annex lay matters vnto their iurisdiction c. These greeuances they deliuered to the popes legat an 1523. 1523 P. Hadrian dieth P. Clement 7. and so the assemblie of Noremberge brake vp and was proroged to the next yere following In the mean time Hadrian died after whom succéeded Clement 7. who the next yere after sent his Legat Cardinal Campeius vnto the assemblie at Noremberg with many faire petitions sharpe complaints against Luther c. but not a word of the gréeuāces or of any reformation While Luther was absent from Wittemberg Carolostadius And. Carolostadius stirred vp the people to throw downe images in the temples besides other thinges mo which Luther returning to Wittemberg misliked because it was not done orderly by the magistrate to whom it did belong Ex Ioh. Sleid. lib. 3. 1546 L. dieth Luthers praier at his death An 1546. in the 63. yere of his age L died after he had continued writing and preaching 29. yeares Before his death he prayed thus My heauenly Father eternall mercifull God thou hast manifested vnto me thy deare Sonne our Lord Iesus Christ I haue taught him I haue loued him as my health my life and my redemption whom the wicked haue persecuted maligned and with iniurie afflicted Draw my soule vnto thee After he had thus prayed he said as insueth thrise I cōmend my spirit into thy hands thou hast redemed me O god of truth God so loued the world that he gaue his only sonne that all that beleeued in him might haue life euerlasting Frederike prince Elector died before Luther an 1525. 1525 L. fulfilled Ierome of prages prophecie Thus Luther fulfilled the prophecie of Ierom of Prage I cite you al to answere before the most high and iust Iudge after 100. yeres Ierom was burnt 1416. and Luther began to write anno 1516. An. 1524. At the diet of Noremb was much reasoning cōcerning the mariage of priests which cardinall Cāpeius impugned and concerning the liberties of the citie of Strausburgh which the B. would haue infringed taking into his hands the cause of maried priests from the magistrate of the towne against ancient custome agréement betwixt them After the councell of Noremberg immediatly followed another sitting at Ratisbone A councell at Ratesbone where were present Ferdinandus Campeius Cardinall of Salisburgh the two dukes of Bauarie the Bishops of Trent and Ratisbone c. and made many popish Decrées and actes against Luther Actes against Luther which Campeius laboured to haue enacted in a full councell and with the consents of all the Empyre but the mindes of diuerse were gone from the Pope and he was faine to get the same ratified in this particular conuenticle An. 1519. Vldricus Zuinglius 1519 Zuinglius first abiding at Glocrona in a place called our Lords hermitage remoued to Zuricke and there began to teach dwelling in the Minster among the Canons or Monks of that close vsing the same rites with them the space of two or thrée yéeres because Leo the same yéere had renewed his pardons againe he cōtinued by the space of two yéeres more detecting of the abuses of the same till Hugo B. of Constance to whose iurisdiction Zurick did then belong wrote letters to the senat of Zuricke cōplaining greatly of Zuinglius to whom certain of the citie made answere desiring the B. that he would do nothing preiudiciall to the libertie of the gospell Zuinglius hauing referred his cause to the Senate This was An. 1522. Zuinglius also wrote a letter to the whole natiō of the Heluetians monishing them not to hinder the course of the gospell and not to molest priestes that were married and exhorted them to withdraw the libertie of concubines Thus Zuinglius continued certaine yéeres Dominicks against Zuinglius at the last the Dominicke friers opposed themselues wherevpon the Senate of Zuricke sent forth their commaundement to all Priests Ministers to repaire to Zurick against the 29. of Ianuarie next ensuing Anno 1523. That matters touching religion might be fréely disputed of directing of their letters to the B. of Constance that hée would either repaire thether himself or send his deputie At the day came Iohānes Faber Iohannes Faber against Zuinglius the Bishops Vicegerent Zuinglius had before contriued his doctrine into thrée score and seuen Articles and published thē abroad that they that minded to dispute might be better prepared Faber he denieth to dispute the matter and said it was méeter for a generall Councell which said he was néere
the ball of Iron out of his mouth and cut out his tongue who notwithstanding with continuall crying ceased not to call vpon God Whereupon the Tormentors put the Iron bal into his mouth againe From thence they brought him downe into the lower Stage he going to the same as quietly and cherefullie as if no part of his bodie had béene hurt There his hands and legges were bound behind him with an Iron chaine and so he was let vp and down into the fire flatte so long till his whole bodie was consumed to ashes which were by the Gouernors commaundement cast into the riuer This done the Chappel where the crustie god The crustie Ood receiued the shame was locked vp and the boorde wherupon the priest stoode burnte the marble stone on which the god brake his neck was broken to péeces And forasmuch as Bertrād had receaued his doctrine at Wesell commandement was geuen that no person of that Countrey should goe to Wesel vnder incurring the danger of the Emperors plackard Ex Crisp Plant. alijs The same yere 200. ministers and preachers of the Gospell were banished out of Bohemia 200 preachers banished Boheme Ministers of Lorrain bashed for preaching against the superstition of the B. of Rome Sleid. l. 25. At the same time also the ministers of Lorrain were banished by the v. popish Pages whom the Tigurins did receiue Panc. An. 1562. Frances Warbut and Alexander Daiken 1562 F. Warlut A. Daiken were beheaded at Dornick for the profession of the trueth and yet their bodies committed to sepulture they singing Psalmes when they went to execution Ex Eud. Rab. Gillotus Viuer Gil. Viuer Iames Fabers father in law Michaell Faber sonne to Iames Faber Anna wife to Gillotus and daughter of Iames were burned at Valence for the testimonie of the trueth Persecutors Earle Lalaine Anno 1550. At Valence was Michella 1550 Michella wife to Iames Clerke who suffered before burned also with Gillotus Crisp An. 1552. Godfrey Hamel 1552 G. Hamell a tayler was burned at Dornick or Turney and when to diminish his paine the hangman would first haue strangled him he refused it saying he would abide the Iudges sentence Ex eod Beside these martirs a number suffered in the higher and lower Germanie some secretely made away some burned and some drowned Anno Domini 1555. At Bergis suffered Iohn Malo 1555 Iohn Malo Damian Wittrock Weldrew Calier Iohn Porceaw burned quick An. 1541. Suffered one Iulian Adrian Lopphen 1555 At Bruxels 1559. was one Baldwine beheaded another also called Gillekin Tilman burnt An. 1541. William Swole burnt at Mechlin An. 1529. Nicholas Paul beheaded at Gaunt Robert Orginer and Iane his wife with Bandicon and Martin Orginer their children suffered at Lisle in the yere 1556. Parents and children martired together 1556 Master Nicholas and Iames Fosdaw burnte at Mous Cornelius Volcart at Brugis anno 1553. Habert the printer and Philip Iopner at Bruges anno 1553. A woman buried with thornes vnder her Peter le Ronp at Bruges anno 1552. At Mechline suffered Frances and Nicholas Thijs two brethren anno 1555. At Antwerpe were burned Adrian a painter and Henrie a Tayler an 1555. Also Cornelius Halewine Locksmith and Herman Iohnson the same yere M. Iohn Champ Scholemaster anno 1557. With a number mo which are to be séene in a dutch boke of Adrian Anno 1525. A certaine Monke because he forsooke his abominable order married was burnt at Prage A godly preacher was poisoned by the priests at Erford Ex Pantal. Thus farre the Duch martyrs These which follow are French martyrs ANno 1524. Iames Pauan 1524 Iames Pauan schoolemaister was persecuted by D. Martiall of Paris and there burned he had once before béene compelled to recant Ex Crisp Anno 1528. Dionisius Rieux 1528 Dionisius Rieux was burnt with a slow fire at Melda and did abide much torment hée much meditated vpon the saying of Christ He that denieth me before men c. Ex Crisp Ann. 1533. Iohan. de Caduceo 1533 Iohan. Caduceo Fiue burned at Paris batcheler of the ciuil law was burned at Limosin The same yéere these 5. were burned at Paris for casting abroad certain bils which sounded against the masse Bartholomew Mylen a lame créeple Ioh. Burges merchāt the receiuer of Nantz Henry Poole of Courbellin Cantella a Schoolemistres Stephen de la Forge merchant Henry Poylle had his tongue boared thorough and with a wyre tied to one of his chéekes they were atached by the Promoters of Paris Crisp Anno 1534. Alexander Canus 1534 Alexander Canus Priest otherwise called Laurentius Crucenc was burned at Paris with slowe fire Pantal. Anno 1533. Iohn Pointer 1533 I Pointer a Surgeon was first condemned to be strangled and then burned but afterward because he would not do homage to an Idoll at the commandement of a Frier who came to confesse him his sentence was altered to haue his tongue cut out and so to be burned The persecutors were the Graye Friers of Paris and the Garbonish doctors Crisp The same yere Peter Gandet P. Gandet sometime knight of the Rhodes was trayned out of Geneua by his vncle and after long torments was burned Crisp Anno 1534. Quoquillard 1534 Quoquillard was burned at Bezanson Crispin The same yéere Nicholas a scriuener Iohn de Phoyx Stephen Burlet were burned at Arcas Also Mary Becandella for reprouing false doctrine preached by a Frier was accused by a Grayfrier at Rochell and burned at Fountanis Crisp Anno 1535. Iohn Coruon 1535 Iohn Coruon of Moscon was burned for the testimonie of the truth a man vnlettered yet to whom God had giuen such wisedome that the Iudges were amased Crisp Anno 1526. Martin Gouin 1526 Martin Gouin beyng taken with letters of maister Farell and Peter Viret and forced by the Inquisitour to make confession of his faith was drowned Crisp Anno 1540. Claudius Painter 1540 Claud. Painter a goldsmith was accused by his kinsfolks whom he attempted to cōuert was committed to Morinus a chief captaine who condemned him to be burned but the high Court of Parlement of Paris gaue iudgement that his tongue shoulde bée first cutte out Crisp The same yéere Stephen Brune Steph. Brune a husbandman was persecuted by Gasper Angerius the Bishoppes renter and Donucellus a Franciscane and Inquisitour he was iudged to be burned At the place of his burning called Planuoll the winde blewe the flame of the fire so from him that he stoode exhorting the people that continued there about the space of an houre scarce harmed or touched with any flame So that all the wood being wasted they were fayne to begin a new fire againe yet stoode he constant neither could he yet be burned Then the Hangman tooke a stake and let fly at his head to whom the blessed man being yet aliue said when I am iudged to the fire to be burnt doe you beat me with
burned At the stake he was offered his pardon if he would recant which he refused At his death many wept saying why doeth this man die that speaketh of nothing but of God Crisp lib. 6. He was condemned by Balthelmew Emie President Anno 1557. Philip Ceur 1557 P. Ceur Apothecarie of Geneua and Iames his felow were burned at Dyion the most parte of the people wept bitterly saying be of good cheare brethren c. whereat the aduersaries were greatly offended saying to the Magistrates doe you not sée how almost halfe parte of the people is on their side and comforts them Crisp libro 6. The same yere Archambant Seraphoni Archambant and M. Nicholas de Russeaw constantly suffered at Dyion The same Archambant had béene condemned 3. yeares before at Tule and as he was led to Burdeaux escaped Ibid. The same yere Philbert Hambis sometimes a Prieste then a painter afterward the minister of Albenart in Santong was apprehended at Saintes Ville and with him his host a priest whom hée had conuerted to the Gospell and so caried to Burdeaux before the president As hée was in pryson on a Sunday a Priest came in with all his furniture to say Masse whom Philbert seing inuested came and plucked his garments from him with such zeale that the masse-garments with chalice and candlestickes fell downe and were broken saying vnto him is it not enough for you to blaspheme God in Churches but you must pollute also the pryson with your Idolatrie The gaoler hauing first beaten him vppon this laid him in a low pit laden with yrons that his legs were swollen withall and there continued 8. daies A little before perceiuing the priest his host to haue fallen and to haue flatly renounted his profession after certaine instruction and warning to repent hee tolde him his life should be neuer the longer for he should die before him and not for Gods cause and that he should be an ensample to all apostataes he had no sooner ended his talk Gods vengeance but the priest going out of prison was slaine by two gentlemen which had a quarrell to him At the place of his execution the trumpets blew to hinder the people from hearing his exhortation so first being strangled hee was consumed with fire Crisp lib. 6. The same yere Nicholas Startorius N. Startorius was attached by Ripet a Secretarie and burned at Ost by Piedmount being first tried with the rack He was afterward burned being of the age of 26. He was apprehended for blaming a frier that preached false doctrine Crisp li. 6. An. 1558. George Tardife 1558 G. Tardil was burned at Senes Another at Tours a broiderer of that place Nic. a shomaker at Ienuile Nicholas was yong who when he was condēned and set in the Cart his father comming with a staffe woulde haue beaten him The father against the sonne but the officers not suffering that would haue stroken the old mā The sonne seeing that cryed out saying he had authoritie ouer him and therfore desired them to suffer him finally hauing a ball of iron put in his mouth hée was consumed with fire Crisp lib. 6. An assembly of three or foure hundred of the faithfull at Paris Anno 1558. the fourth of September a company of the faithfull to the number of three or foure hundred were assembled at Paris in a certaine house hauing before it the colledge of Plessis in the stréete of S. Iames and behind it the colledge of Sorbone who there assembled in the beginning of the night to communicate the Lordes supper were discouered by the Priests of Plessis who made outcry vpon them that the whole citie almost was in armour The gouernours of the congregation exhorted the people to constancy and fell to praier That done through the councel of some which knew the cowardly hearts of the multitude order was taken that the men which had weapons shoulde venture through the presse onely the women and children remained in the house a few men with them which were lesse bolde to the number of sixe or seuen score where appeared the wonderful work of God in thē that went out with weapons which notwithstanding that the lanes and passages were stopped A maruellous deliuerance and fires made did all escape saue onely one who was beaten downe with stones and so destroied Certaine that remained in the house afterward lept into gardens where they were staied till the magistrates came The women who were all of great wealth only sixe or seuen excepted perceyuing the furie of the people wente vp to the windowes crying mercie shewing their innocent intent required iustice ordinarie Thus as they were inclosed six or seuen houres came Martin the kings Atturney with force of Commissaries and Sergeants who entring the house and viewing of the furniture the women and children for pitie coulde not refraine from teares Notwithstanding procéeding in his office he had them all to prison in the litle Castle In the meane time all manner of slaunderous reports were raised of them as incest conspiracie killing of children c. which rumour the Cardinall of Lorrain The cardinall of Lorraine a slanderer of the faithfull did greatly confirme The brethren which escaped hearing this consulted first to humble themselues with praier before God in their priuate families Secondly to stop the brutes running of their assemblies to write Apologies one to the king An Apologie to the king another to the people The Apologie to the king nothing preuailed who was perswaded that all was but pretenced excuses The other to the people did great good in satisfying the rumours and defending the good cause of the Gospell against which Apologies and persons diuerse Sorbonists began to write one called Doctor Demochares the other Cualis Bishop of Auranches besides these yet a third Sorbonist And finally the 17. of September diuerse of the poore afflicted Christians were brought forth to their martyrdome a great part of them being deliuered by the intercessiō of the Germans who were then in a certaine colloquie at Wormes albeit certaine of the company were executed before the comming of the Germane Embassadors whose names doo here ensue Nicholas Clynet Nicholas Clynet and other martyrs one of the Elders of the congregation at Paris before schoolemaister at Santong where hée was borne was there pursued and had his image burned hée did so ouerthrowe Maillardone one of the chéefe Sorbonistes and a notorious Sodomite the Lieutenant that he confessed he neuer heard a man better learned and of more intelligēce With him suffered also Taurin Grauell an elder also of the same congregation first a student of the law in Tholouse then an aduocate in the court of Paris the third a gentlewoman of thrée and twenty yéeres of age named Phillip de Luns widow of the Lord of Graueron they had al their toongues first cut out and then suffered the fire with great constancie specially Grauell and the widdow who
yéeres ago this people is said to come out of the coūtry of Piedmount to inhabit in Prouence in certaine villages destroyed by warres and other desert places wherein they vsed such labour and diligence that they had aboundance of corne wine oyle almondes with other fruits They had of long time refused the Bishoppe of Romes authoritie and obserued euer a more perfect kind of doctrine then others deliuered vnto them from the Father to the sonne euer since the yéere 1200. In the yéere 1530. vnderstanding that the Gospel was preached in certaine townes of Germany and Switzerland they sent thither two learned men that is Georgius Maurellus Georgius Maurellus borne in Delph and Petrus Latomus P. Latomus a Burgundian to conferre with the learned ministers in the doctrine of the Gospell Which done as they returned through Burgundie Petrus Latomus was taken at Dyion and cast into prison Maurellus escaped and returned to Merindoll with bookes and letters which he brought with him from the churches of Germanie Whereby they being instructed sent for the moste auncient brethren and chéefest in knowledge in all Calabria and Apulia to consult with them touching the reformation of the Church Whereby the Bishops were so mooued that they raged greatly against them Among other there was one Iohn de Roma a Monk who was most cruell A cruel monk and among other his cruelties he vsed to examine them thus he filled bootes with boyling greace and put the bootes vpon their legges tying them backeward to a forme with their legges hanging downe ouer a small fire and so examined them thus he tormented very many and in the end most cruelly put them to death The first whom hée thus tormented were Michellotus Serra Michellotus Serra and William Melius Wil. Melius The vengeance of God with a number mo But Gods vengeance fell heauily vpon him for first he was condemned for this crueltie by the high court of parlement of Prouence and auoiding that sentence by flying to Auinion he was stroken with such a horrible disease that no man durst come nigh him aliue or dead He did so horribly stinke whē he was dead there was none would come néere him to burie him but a yoong nouice newly come to his order caught hold with an hooke vpon his stinking carrion and drew him into a hole which was made for him harde by While he was in tormēts and anguish he cried out oftentimes in great rage oh Despaire who will deliuer me who will kill me and rid me out of these intollerable paines which I know I suffer for the euils oppressions I haue doone to the poore men c. After the death of this monster the B. of Aix by his officiall Perionet continued the persecution by the hands of the ordinary iudge called Meiranus a cruell tyrant who without forme of law such as the iudge had pronoūced to be heretikes he put to death with most cruell torments In the time of Bartholmew Cassanus presidēt of the parlement of Aix a most cruell tyrant they of Merindoll in the person of 10. were cited personally to appéere before the kings atturney But they hearing that the court had determined to burne them without order of law durst not appéere at the day appointed A cruell sentence against the people of Merindoll for which cause the court awarded a most cruell sentence against Merindoll condemned all the inhabitants to be burnt both men and women sparing none no not the little children and infants the towne to be rased and their houses beaten downe to the ground also the trées to be cut downe as well Oliue as other and nothing to be left to the end it should neuer be inhabited but remaine as a wildernesse This sentence against the Merindolians The harlot of the B. of Aix laboureth against Merindoll the concubine of the Bishop of Aix laboured greatly to haue executed especially because as the Bishop of Aix told her they held that all Bishops pastors and priests ought eyther to be married or gelded for which she said she hated them to the very death and would employ goods and fréends to worke their destruction The Archbishop of Arles the Bishop of Aix diuers Abbots and Priors consulted how to execute the arrest with all spéede and by the aduice of the Bishop of Aix they went to Auinion there with other Prelates to intreat of the matter in which assembly they made a generall composition confirmed with an oth that euery mā should endeuor himselfe that the arrest of Merindoll should be executed with al expedition euery man offering to furnish out men of warre according to his ability the charge wherof was giuen to the B. of Aix After this councell holden the next day they banketted at the house of the Bishop of Rieux to which banket all the fairest women of Auinion were called to solace these good Prelates after they had dined they fell to dauncing dicing and such other pastimes which béeyng ended they walked abroade to solace themselues till supper as they passed the stréete euery one leading his minion vppon his arme they saw a man which sold bawdy pictures and ballades all which the Bishops bought vp being as many as a mule could well carrie and if any sentence were obscure in the rime the Bishops did expound it with great delight and laughter In the same place walking along they found one that sold certaine bibles in French Latine which when the prelats perceiued they greatly raged against the man who answered thē is not the bible as good as these goodly pictures which you haue bought for these gētlewomen He had scarse spokē these words when the B. of Aix said I renoūce my part of paradise if this mā be not a Lutheran so he was laid hold on and on the next morow after brought before the iudges The martyr burned with 2. bibles about his necke in presence of the Bishops condemned immediatly to bée burned with two bibles hanging about his necke the one before the other behind This sentence was executed the same day and thervpon proclamatiō made against al books in the french tongue intreating of the scriptures vnder pain of death to all them that would not bring them in After this the B. of Aix goeth to the president Cassaneus and laboureth him to put the arrest in execution who being perswaded therto the drum was sounded vp through out al Prouence the captains were prepared with their ensignes displaied and a great number of footmen and horsmen begā to set forward marched out of the towne of Aix in order of battel wel horsed and furnished against Merindoll to execute the arrest The inhabitants of Merindol hearing therof commended themselues and their cause to God by prayers The manner of of Gods children in affliction making themselues ready to the slaughter In this while the Lord of Alence a man wise and learned
imprisoned a yéere and a halfe in the kings bench and afterwarde 8. wéekes in the Bishops colehouse lacking one day His first apprehension was for reprouing a Preacher in the pulpit in the Parish of Wambleton where he dwelt For which hée was twise before the Bishoppe of Chichester and fiue times before the Commissioners and then sent to Londons Cole-house and manie times called before him He was sixe times examined in the Colehouse and 26. times before so that his examinations in all were 32. The second time he was found out and taken by means of his father and brother Father against the sonne who had as much goodes of his in their handes as were well woorth sixe and fiftie pounds a yéere a Lordship and an honor and halfe a Lordshippe which hée had deliuered vnto their handes to pay his debtes and the rest to remaine to his wife and children which was two hundred pounds better then the debt came to The same day that Philpot was burned which was the 18. of December hée with foure more were deliuered out of Boners hands with very good conditions in such sort as Woodman said of him that his heart was so drunken with that blood of Philpot Boner drunke with the blood of Philpot. that he thought he could not tell what he did For two daies before said he he promised them they should be condemned that same day they were deliuered Yet the morning after they were deliuered hée sought earnestly for some of them again waxing dry after his great drunkennes Before his second apprehension he continued in a Wood vnder a towre 6. or 7. wéekes with his Bible penne and ynke and other necessaries his wife bringing him meate daily Anno 1557. the 14. of April he was brought before the Bishop of Chichester Doct. Story and Doct. Cooke of whō after examination of diuers pointes as of marriage of priests concerning the assurance of hauing the spirit of God which the Papists account arrogancie to affirme and concerning the 7. sacraments he was had to the marshalsea and there remained till the 27. of Aprill At which time he appeared againe before Chichester two of his Chaplains and Doctor Story of whom he was examined of the seuen Sacraments and not agréeing with them therein hée was commaunded againe to the marshalsea no man to speake with him The 12. of May he was examined again of Doct. Langdall parson of Buxted in Sussex and Chaplaine to my Lorde Mountague and maister Iames Gage at my Lord Mountagues house in Southwarke where he set Langedall vp in diuers pointes of religion as of the force of Baptisme whether it bée of necessitie of saluation to all and of the state of infants that die without it touching the Sacrament of the Altar c. and so was had againe to prison till the fiue and twentie of May. On which day hée was examined agayne of Winchester Rochester and a certaine Doctor with diuers other Priestes and Gentlemen sitting in Saint Georges Church in Southwarke of whom béeing wrangled with touching Priestes mariages and his reproouing of a reuolting Preacher hée was dismissed againe to the marshalsea till the fifteene of Iune At which day he appeared before Winchester the Archdeacon of Canterbury Doctor Langdall c. and woulde not answere nor sweare before Winchester because hée was not his ordinarie Who when he threatned him made answere I looke for no helpe of men God is on my side I praise him therefore I will not care who bée against mée neyther doe I. So was hée had to the marshalsea againe where hee remayned till the sixtéenth of Iuly on which day he was condemned by Winchester chiefly for the poynt of the Sacrament of the Altar and so was burned with nine other which were taken not past two or thrée dayes before their iudgement and burned before the writ could come downe Quicke dispatch Such quicke dispatch they made They suffered the two and twentith day of Iune at Lewes About the same tyme one Ambrose died in Maidstone prison who else should haue béene burned in the quarrell of Christ About the same time was one Richard Lush condemned of Cutbert Bourne B. of Bath and Welles and giuen to the secular power for the sinceritie of the Gospell whether he were burned or not it is vncertaine In the moneth of Iuly next ensued the martyrdome of Simon Miller of Linne and Elizabeth Cooper Simon Miller Simon Miller Eliza. Cooper being at Norwich and séeing the people comming from their Popish seruice asked them where hée might haue the Communion At which words a Papist said he would bring him where hée should not misse and brought him to the Chauncellour of Norwich who as hee was examining him spied his confession which hee had put into his shoe which did appeare and asked if he would stand to the same Which when he sayd he constantly would do he was committed to a kéeper in the Bishops house from whence on what condition it is vncertaine he was dismissed and went home to his house at Linne Where when hee had set all things in order he returned againe to his Prison in the Bishops house and there continued constant in the profession of the trueth till by the B. and his Chancellour he was condemned to death Elizabeth Cooper was a Pewterers wife dwelling in Saint Andrewes parish in Norwich where before she had recanted and being vnquiet in mind and greatly troubled in conscience for the same at the last she came into the church the people being at their Superstitious Seruice and before them all bewailed her fall Elizab. Cooper repenteth of her recantation and greatly repented of that she had done For which she was taken by M. Sutterton the Shiriffe burned with Simon Miller When the fire came vnto her shee a litle shronke thereat crying ah a. Which when Simon Miller heard he put his hand behinde towards her and willed her to be strong and of good cheare we shall haue a ioyfull and swéet supper Whereby she was strengthened still and quietly ended her combate with victorie Of those 22. which were before mentioned that were then deliuered by the meanes of the Cardinall Poole was William Moūt of much Bentley in Essex husbandmā W. Mount Alice his wife Rose Allen. with Alice his wife and Rose Allen maid the daughter of the said Allice Mount They comming home againe refrayned from their parish Church and frequented the company of good men Wherefore a wicked priest of the towne Syr Thomas Tye who by reason he himselfe had béen a professor knew all their haunt complained of them to the Lorde Darcie and wrote also against them to Boner So the 7 day of March at two of the clock in the morning one maister Edmund Tyrrel who came of the Tyrrels that murdered K. Edward the 5. and his brother tooke with him the Baylieffe of the hundred called William Samuel dwelling in Colchester and the two Constables of
eadem Crueltie eadem Courage constancie 434 Gods vengeance 435 Iohn Huglein ead No promise to be kept with heretikes eadem George Carpenter eadem Leonard Keysar eadem The mother brethren one against another ead Wendelimata 436 Peter Filsteden eadem Adolph Clarebacke ead Nicholas of Antwerpe ead Iohannes Pictor ead A couragious martyr ead Mathias Werbell 437 A priest martyred ead G. Sherrer eadem A signe eadem Henry Flemming eadem Maister Perceuall 438 Antonia eadem Iustice Imsberge eadem Giles eadem Franciscus Encenas eadem Sharpe persecution 439 200. martyrs eadem Martin Heurblot eadem Nicholas van Pole eadem Iohn de Brucke eadem Vrsula and Mary ead Two brethren their mother 440 Peter Bruly eadem Peter Miocaus eadem A round answere eadem Bergeban eadem Iohn Diazius killed by his brother 442 An armed councell at Angusta eadem The Interim eadem A priest in Hungary 443 A strange cruelty eadem The duke of Saxonie ead Lantgraue of Hesse ead Hermannus archbishop of Colen eadem Martirdom for the truth ea Nicholas Marion ead A worthy martyr 444 Augustine eadem Two virgins eadem Magdeburge eadem Hostius eadem Iohannes Frisius eadem Bertrand le Blos eadem A wonderfull cōstancie 445 The crustie God ead 200. preachers banished Boheme eadem Ministers of Lorraine banished eadem Francis Warbut eadem Alexander Dayken ead Gillotus Viuer 446 Michella eadem Godfrey Hamell eadem Iohn Malo eadem Parents children martyred together ead Iames Pauan eadem Dionisius Rieux eadem Iohannes Caduceo ead Fiue burned at Paris ead Alexander Caius eadem Iohn Pointer eadem Peter Gandet eadem Quoquillard 448 Iohn Coruon eadem Martin Gouin eadem Claudius Painter eadem Steuen Brune eadem Constantinus 449 Iohn du Becke eadem Aymond de la Voy ead A notable saying eadem Frauncis Bribard ead William Russen ead De Landa 450 Iames Cobard ead Peter Clarke eadem William Briconetus ead 14 Christian martyrs ead The priests sing at the death of martyrs 451 Peter Chapet eadem The tongues of martyrs cut out eadem Samnitius eadem Steuen Polliot eadem Iohn English 452 Michaell Michelot ead Leonardus de Prato ead Iohn Taffingnot ead Michaell Mareschall ead Octauian Blondes eadem Hubert Cherrer 453 Florence Venot eadem Anne Andebert eadem Notable constancie courage in a woman ead A poore tayler ead Claudius 454 Leonard Galimard ead Maceus Marreon eadem Thomas Sanpalinus a notable martyr eadem Marueylous constancie ead Iohannes Put 455 Claudius Mouerius ead Renat Poyet eadem Iohn Loyer eadem Christian charitie ead Hugonius Grauier ead Fiue students burned ead Christian charitie 456 Petrus Bergerius ead Iohn Chanbone ead Dionysius Pelloquine ead A worthy chāpion of Christ 457 Mattheus Dimotheus ead William Neele ead Simon Laloe ead Iames Siluester ead Nicholas Nayle ead Peter Serre ead The name of a priest shameful to a christian 458 Stephen King ead Anthonius Magneus ead William Alencon ead Repentance 459 Paris Pamer eadem Peter du Val. eadem Iohn Filiolus eadem Notable constancy ead Dionysius Vair ead Cruelty of the fryers 460 Thomas Galbaragne ead Nicholas Poul ead Richard Feutus ead Iohn Bertrand 461 Peter Rouseau ead Arnold Myner eadem Bartholomew Hector 462 Philip Ceur eadem Archambant eadem Gods vengeance 463 Nicholas Startorius eadem George Tardife ead The father against the sonne eadem An assembly of 3. or 4. hundred of the faithful at Paris 464 A maruellous deliuerance eadem The cardinall of Lorayne a slaunderer of the faithful 465 An apology to the king eadem Nicholas Clinet and other martyrs ead A notable widow ead Bibles Testaments burnt 466 Frederick Danuile Francis Rebizies eadem Worthy martyrs ead Rene Seaw eadem Laurence Almerike ead Villegaignon 467 Iohn Bordell eadem Gefferey Varagle ead Benet Roman ead Francis Viuax 468 Peter Arundeaw ead Thomas Montard ead An du Burg ead The tumult of Amboise ead Marlerote ead Francis Sauromanus 469 The Emperour three tymes admonished by Sauromanus 470 Rochus ead The execrable inquisition of Spayne 471 Tormentes whole dayes together ead Three sortes of men in danger of the inquisition 472 28. martyrs in the towne of Validoly ead Caracalla ead A christian flocke ead Sanbenita ead Encenas 474 Franciscus Encenas 475 Fauinus eadem A constant martyr 476 The death of pope Paulus the 3. eadem Pope Iulius the 3 eadem Dominicus de Basuna ead Galeazius eadem Iohn Mollins 477 Laurentius Spatha ead De crassis 478 The zeale of Molius eadem Franciscus Ganiba eadem Pompeius Algerius eadem Iohannes Aloisius ead Iacobus Bonellus ead Iulius 3 eadē Marcellus ead Paulus 4 ead Eighty eight martyrs together eadem The popes promise 480 Georgius Maurellus ead Petrus Latomus ead A cruell monke ead Michellotus Serra 481 William Melius eadem Gods vengeance eadem Despaire eadem Cruell sentence against Merindoll ead The harlot of the bishop of Aix laboureth agaynst Merindoll 482 Martir burned with bibles about his neck 483 The manner of Gods childrē in affliction ead God heareth the Merindolians prayers ead King Francis pardoneth the Merindolians 484 Confession of the Merindolians faith ead Cabriers ead Sadolet helped Cabriers eadem Examination of Merindolians 485 Cruelty of Antichrist 487 Popish cruelty ead Maurice Blanc ead Merindol laid euen with the ground ead Miniers breaketh his oath with Cabriers 488 Maruellous cruelty ead 1000. slayne ead Cossa destroyed 489 Aubrius eadem Gods iudgement vppon the persecutors ead Switzers sue for the valley eadem Gefferey Varicala ead Persecution 492 Those that yelded more cruelly handeled than those that were constant 493 Cruell Monkes 495 The minister rosted eadem The wicked flie where none persecuteth 497 Odall Gemet 500 Rosa destroyed 501 God fighteth for his people 502 Supplication to the Duches of Sauoy eadem Liberty granted to the Waldois ead The Table of the second part BVrning at Couentry pag. 1 Mistresse Smith eadem Robert Sylkes pag. 2 Patricke Hamleton ead Patricks articles eadem Patricks places eadem Henry Forrest 3 Iames Hamleton eadem Katherine Hamleton recant ead Woman of Lieth recant eadem Norman Gorley martyr eadem Dauid Straton ead Harding ead Alice Doly 4 Robert West ead Father wife and children accusing a christian ead Thomas Lound ead Certayne abiured 5 Rome spoyled the pope taken prisoner 6 Rymes of the pope ead 220000. li. out of the kings treasure for to fight agaynst the Emperor ead Proud prelates 7 Compassing the kinges diuorce ead Cardinal in a premunire eadem The K. gracious to the Cardinall eadem A parlement eadem Griefe of communalty agaynst spiritualty ead Articles against the Cardinall 8 I and my king ead Card. had french pocks ead Cardinall confesseth the articles ead Cardinal vngrate to the king 9 Cardinal arrested ead Cardinal dieth ead Body of the Cardi. stinketh aboue ground ead Master Humfrey troubled 10 Abiuring ead Tho. Hitten martir ead Tho. Bilney ead 34 articles against M. Bilney 12 Bilney condemned ead Bilney recanteth
A dagger hurled at the preacher ead Bradford to the tower 98 M. Iohn Rogers eadem Hooper appeareth 99 Couerdale appeareth ead Hooper to the Fleete ead Pet. Martyr returneth home eadem Latimer appeareth 100 Cranmer to the Tower ead French protestāts suffered to passe hence eadem Mary crowned eadem A parlement eadem Statutes repealed 101 Sir Iames Hales apprehended ead Sir Iohn Hales lamentable end eadem Disputation of sixe dayes eadem Disputation confuted 103 The Prolocutor interrupteth Philpot ead M. Elmer 104 Romish Church against reason ead Maister Philpot a harty man eadem Maister Philpots argument 105 Conuocation breaketh vp eadem Communicatiō of mariage betwixt Q. Mary and K. Philip 106 Doctor Crome to the fleete eadem Wiat beheaded ead Lady Iane and Lord Gilford beheaded eadem Gods iudgement vpō Morgan eadem Articles 107 About 800. flie beyond the seas eadem Lady Elizabeth and Lord Courtney sēt to the Tower ead Popes supremacie not obteined 108 Boners commendation of priesthood eadem Doctor Cranmer Doctor Ridley and M. Latimer sent to prison vnto Oxford 109 Disputers at Oxford ead Questions to be disputed of eadem Thirtie and three Commissioners ead Cranmer before the Commissioners eadem Vnitie with veritie ead Ridley appeereth ead Maister Latimer appeereth 110 Neither Masse nor the marybones nor the sinewes founde in the Scripture eadem A disorderly disputation 111 D. Ridley disputeth eadem D. Smith a turner and returner eadem Weston triumpheth before the victory ead Mayster Latimer disputeth eadem Weston crieth Vrge hoc 112 The martirs bid read on the sentence 113 Latimer would not beholde the procession ead The Prolocutor breaketh promise with M. Philpot. eadem The Prolocutor openeth Crāmer his letters to the Councell eadem Maister Bradford Thomas Beacon Neron to the to the Tower 114 A false rumor of the archbishop 115 In Kings Colledge Papistes very forward ead Lady Ellzabeth to the tower 116 Lady Elizabeth to Woodstocke 117 Barlow and Cardmaker to the fleete eadem Against writing Scriptures on Churchwalles ead Twenty foure places voyd together in S. Iohns colledge in Cambridge ead Cardinall Poole lādeth ead Absolutiō giuē to the Lords and commons 118 Purchases of abbey lands to be cōfirmed by the pope eadem M. Rose sent to the Tower eadem The act of popes supremacy eadem Qu. Mary with child ead Certaine euill praiers to bee treason 119 Iames George ead Cardmaker submitteth ead Sentēce against Tayler Saunders Bradford 120 M. Iohn Rogers martyr 121 M. Rogers diuinitie reader in Paules eadem Rogers condemned 122 Cruel Gardiner eadem Boner would not suffer maister Rogers to talke with his wife before his death eadem Maister Rogers first martyr of Queene Maries dayes eadem A prophecy of the ruine of the pope in England 123 Laurence Saunders ead Laurence Saunders constancy and his letters 124 Sweete saying of Laurence Saunders eadem Hooper burned at Glocester 125 Hooper preached once or twise a day eadem Hooper depriued 126 Hooper hardly vsed in pryson 127 Hooper and Rogers to the Counter eadem False rumors of Hoopers recanting 128 Hooper goeth cherefullie to death 129 Hooper refuseth his pardon ead Hooper a woorthie Martir ead D. Taylor martir ead All the prisons in Englande Christian schooles churches 130 Taylor Bradford Saūders condemned ead Master Tailor pleasant at the antichristian attire 131 D. Taylor maketh Boner afraid ead Doctor Taylor masked that he may not be knowen eadem Wormes deceiued by Doct. Taylor 132 Marueylous courage of Doctor Taylor 133 Doctor Taylors braines smit out at the fire ead Gardiner referreth to Boner the butchering of Gods Saints ead Miles Couerdale graūted to the King of Denmarke 134 Thomas Tomkins Martir eadem Tomkins his hande burned with a taper ead Tomk burnt in Smithfielde 135 Father compelled against the sonne ead Hunters mother encourageth him to constancie 136 Hunter encouraged by his brother 137 William Sarton ead M. Higbed and M. Causton burned 139 Pigot and Knight Martirs ead Iohn Laurence ead Robert Farrar B. of S. Dauids burnt 140 Farrars words to a gentlemā at his death 141 Rawlins White ead Rawlins God the Bishops God 142 Rawlins wedding garments 143 Rawlins a worthy martir eadem Rawlins perswasion 144 Pope excōmunicateth those that held abbey lands ead P. Iulius the monster dieth ead P. misseth his peacock 145 A blasphemous pope ead Gods iudgement ead Branch blamed for carrying Deū time vitiū fuge about his neck ead George Marsh 146 G. Marsh his great patience 148 Wil. Flower woūdeth a priest at masse 149 Ioy at Q. Maries deliuery of child 151 Cardmaker Warne Martirs 152 People encourage Cardm at his death 153 Iohn Ardley a valeant Martir ead Iohn Symson martir ead Iohn Tooly ead Haukes at his death geueth a signe to his frends 155 Diuers comfortable epistles written by Haukes ead Thomas Wats martyr 156 Queene Mary proued not with child eadem T. Mault should haue bin Q. Maries child 157 A Caueat for England ead Nicholas Chāberlain Tho. Sommer Wil. Bāford ead Bradford reioyceth at the newes of his martirdō 158 M. Bradfords word at the stake eadem I. Leafe of 19. yeeres of age burned with Bradford 159 Iohn Leafe a notable yoong martyr eadem Gods iudgement eadem Bradfords letters eadem A dead bodie summoned to appeere and answere 160 4. martirs in Canterbury ea Nicholas Hall Christopher Wade martyrs 161 Margery Polley comforteth Wade eadem Wades prayer eadem Dyrick Caruer burned 162 Iohn Lander eadem Thomas Iueson 163 Iohn Aleworth eadem Iohn Denley Iohn Newmā Patrick Packingam ead The martyr singeth in the fire 164 Richard Hooke eadem 6. godly martirs at Cant. ea George Tankerfield 165 A prety saying of the martyr 166 For patience of the martirs the people said that they had the Diuell ead Robert Smith ead Martyr giueth a signe 167 St. Harwood Thomas Fust William Hayle eadem Robert Samuell 168 Samuell hath a vision ead Rose Notingham eadem W. Allen eadem Roger Coo eadem Thomas Cobbe eadem Thomas Haywood Iohn Gateway 169 M. Iohn Glouer ead God send his spirit of comfort 170 Robert Glouer eadem Cornelius Bungey ead Olyuer Richardine 171 W. Wolsey Ro. Pigot ead M. Ridley 172 Sundry letters tractations M. Latimer eadem M. Latimer sometimes an earnest papist conuerted by Bilney eadem Doctor Buttes a fauourer of good men 173 Verses of Latimer at the giuing of holy bread holy water 174 Smithfield had long groned for M. Latimer 175 Latimer almost starued for cold in the tower ead Latimers sundrie letters eadem Sermō of piping and daunsing ead Master Latimer to the King for restoring of the Scriptures 176 Latimers new yeres gifte to to the king eod Ridley couereth his head at the name of the Pope eadem Ridley not suffered to aunswere 177 Ridley Latimer condemned 178 Ridley refuseth his pardon ead The behauiour of Ridley Latimer at the place of execution 179 Latimer prophecieth at the
stake 180 Diuers Letters Treatises ead Steuen Gardiner dieth ead Gods iudgement on Gardiner 181 Winchesters wordes at his death ead Iohn Webbe G. Roper G. Parker Martirs 181 Men of vpright mindes 183 Hastning of iudgement a pleasure to the martir 184 Sharpe aunswere to Boners message ead Philpots zeale against Morgan 186 Articles against Master Philpot 187 Boner condemneth Philpot 188 M. Philp. payeth his vowes in Smithfield ead 7. burned together in Smithfield 189 Thomas Whittle repenteth and is condemned ead Whittles letters ead Bartlet Greene ead Master Greene condemned 191 Master Greene at the Stake ead Tho. Brown ead Iohn Tudson ead Iohn Went ead Isabel Foster 192 Ione Lashford ead 5. martirs sing a psalm in the fire ead Cranmer Archb. of Canterburie 193 M. Cranmers aduice touching the disputatiō for the kings diuorce eadem Cranmer sent for to the K. 194 Embassage to Rome about the diuorce eadem None would kisse the popes foote but a great Spaniell of the Earle of Wiltshires eadem Cranmer goeth to the Emperour eadem Cranmer satisfieth Cornelius Agrippa eadem Cranmer made archbishop 195 King Edward godsonne to Cranmer eadem Bookes of Cranmer ead Cranmer not brought to against his conscience ead Cranmer would do no reuerence to the popes subdelegate 196 Periured persons for witnesses 197 The meaning of supreame head 198 The Archbishop condemned for not beyng at Rome when he was kept prisoner in England ead Boner derideth the Archbishop 199 The poore estate of the archbishop ead Cranmer setteth his hand to a recantation ead Q. Maryes speciall hate to Cranmer 200 Law of equality 201 The pitiful case of Cranmer eadem Cranmer bewaileth his recātation 202 Cranmer first burneth his hand wherewith he subscribed eadem Cranmer burned eadem The wicked can not discerne spirits eadem Why Cranmer desired life eadem Iohn Spicer William Coberley and Iohn Maundrell 203 Purgatorie the popes pinfold ead Six at one fire in Smithfield viz. Robert Drakes William Timmes Richard Spurge Thomas Spurge Iohn Cauell and George Ambrose 204 A short answere of Timmes 205 Commissioners into Norffolke and Suffolke 206 Iohn Harpoole and Ioane Beats eadem Iohn Hullier eadem Sixe martyrs at one fire in Colchester eadem Christopher Lister eadem Iohn Mace Iohn Spenser Iohn Hammon Simon Iayne Richard Nicholas 207 Hugh Lauercocke and Iohn appryce burned ead Lauercock comforteth his fellow eadem Thomas Drewry and Thomas Croker 208 Thomas Spicer Iohn Denny and Edmund Poole burned eadem The martyrs prayse God in the flame 209 Thomas Harland Iohn Oswald Th. Auington Tho. Read martyrs ead Also Iohn Milles Thomas Wood ead A merchants seruant at Leycester 210 Thirteene at one fire viz. Hēry Adlington L. Pernam H. Wye W. Halywell T. Bowyer G. Searls Edm. Hurst Lion Couch Rafe Iackson Iohn Deryfall Iohn Routh Elizabeth Pepper Agnes George eadem Subtlety of the Diuell ead Two women stand loose at the stake eadem Cardinall pardoneth certain condemned ead Roger Bernard 211 Adam Foster Robert Lawson ead A worthy answere of the martyr eadem Iohn Carlesse a worthy confessor 212 Iulius Palmer Iohn Guin Thomas Askin martyrs 213 Iulius Palmer expulsed the colledge in King Edward his time for Papistrie eadem Th. Thackhā a false dissembling hypocrite 214 The mother threateneth hir sonne Iulius Palmer fire faggot eadem Palmer at the stake 215 Palmer diuerse times in dāger of burning 216 For whom its easie to burne eadem The mother Katherine Couches and the two daughters Guillemme Gilbert Perotine Massey burned in Gernesey 217 Cruelty against the mother and hir daughters ead Maruellous cruelty eadem Thomas Dungate Iohn Forman and mother Dree burned 218 Thomas More ead Ioane Wast eadem Ione hir offer to the Iudges eadem Edward Sharpe 219 Foure at Mayfield in Sussex eadem A young man at Bristow eadem Iohn Horne a womā ead William Dangerfield ead Great cruelty 220 The wife encourageth hir husband eadem A shoomaker at Northampton ead Hooke eadem Fiue famished and ten burned at Canterbury 221 A witty and godly answere of Alice Potkins ead Put to death in the fourth yeere of Qu. Mary 84. persons eadem Sir Iohn Cheeke 222 The vniuersitie of Cābridge to be reformed 223 Inquisitors came to Cambridge eadem S. Maries and S. Michaels churches in Cambridge interdicted eadem Kings colledge refuseth the Inquisitors 224 Kings colledge neuer without an heretike ead Robert Brassey M. of Kings colledge ead Bucer Phagius digged out of their graues 225 Bucer Phagius corps burned 226 The holy cōmissioners depart from Cambridge ea Peter Martyrs wifes corps at Oxford 227 Iohn Philpot W. Waterer Steph. Kempe W. Haydhith T. Hudson Mathew Brodbridge Th. Stephēs Nich. Finall W. Lowicke W. Prowting burned ea Another bloudy cōmission 228 Cardinall Poole mercyfull ead Tho. Losebie H. Ramsey T. Tyroll M. Hyde Agnes Stanley 229 The valiant martyr eadem W. Morant King S. Gratewicke ead Vniust proceeding ead Faith surely grounded 230 Iohn Bradbridge W. Applebie Petronel Ed Allen K. his wife I. Mannings E. a blinde maide ead I. Fishcock N. VVhite N. Pardu B. Fynall widowe Bradbridge Wilsōs wife Bendens wife ead Husbande against the wife 231 Diet of the Martirs in prison ead 3. Farthinges a day the martirs allowance ead Alice Benden a cōstant martir ead God sendeth the spirite of comfort 232 The bishop wil neither meddle with patiēce nor charitie ead Tenne burned at one fire Richard Woodman G. Steuens R. Maynarde Alex Hoseman Thomasin a Wood Marg. Moris Denis Burgis Ashdons wife Groues wife ead Father against sonne 233 Boner droonk with Philpots bloud ead Quick dispatch 135 Simon Miller Eliza. Couper ead Elizabeth Couper repenteth her recantation 236 Wil. Mount Alice his wife Rose Allen ead A tragicall dialogue betwixt Tirrel Rose Allen 237 Tirannie ouercome with patience ead Iohn Thurstone and M. his wife ead W. Bongeor A. Siluerside T. Benold W. Purcas H. Ewring E. Folkes prisoners in Colchester 238 Sharp answere of the martir ead Eliz. Folkes ead Rose Allen condemned song for ioy 239 Notable speeche of the martir ead Geor. Eagles called Trudgouer 240 Richard Crashfield ead Frier and G. Eagles his sister 241 Ioyce Lewes ead Sathan troubleth the martir ead She drinketh to all that loue the gospel 242 Rafe Allerton Iames Austoo Margerie Austoo Richard Coth ead The couragious Martir eadem They feare the martyr in prison 143 Agnes Bongeor ead Margery Thurstone ead Iohn Knode ead The martyr refuseth pardon ead Iohn Noyes eadem Cecill Ormes 244 The constant martyr eadem Cecill Ormes at the stake eadem Sixteene martyrs in Sussex 145 Thomas Spurdance eadem Iohn Hollingdale 246 W. Sparrow eadem R. Gibson eadem Articles for articles ead Ioh. Rough ead M. Mearing eadem Maister Rough minister of the congregation at London 247 More reuerence to the pope then to the bread God ead Margery Mearings ready to suffer for Chrish 248 Cuthbert Simpson Hugh Fox Iohn Deuenish ead Cuthbert Simsō racked twise 249 Boner commendeth the patience of Cuthbert Simson eadem W. Nichol eadem W. Seaman eadem Tho. Carman Tho. Hudson ead W. Harris Rich. Day Christopher Gorge 251 A sharpe proclamation against godly books eadē Henry Pond Rayn Eastlād Robert Southam Mar. Richarby Ioh. Floyd Ioh. Holiday Roger Holland 252 A straight proclamation eadem R. Holland at the stake ead R. Milles S. Wight S. Carton I. Slade R. Denis VV. Pikes 253 Richard Yeoman 254 Thomas Benbridge eadem A notable conflict betwixt flesh the spirit of God 255 I. Cooke R. Myles A. Lane Iames Ashley eadem Alex. Gouch Alice Driuer ead Alice Driuer of an excellent spirit 256 Phil. Humfrey Iohn Dauid Henry Dauid 257 Priests wife eadem The wife persecuted of husband and children ead Christ the martyrs husband eadem A worthy martyr 258 Note eadem Iohn Sharpe Tho. Hall 259 Thomas Benion eadem Iohn Cornford Christopher Browne Iohn Herst Alice Snoth Kath. Knight ead The martyr excommunicateth the Papists eadem The husband accused by his wife 260 Balaams marke 261 Cruelty of Balaamites ead N. Burton burned in Siuell Aue Maria after the Romish fashion eadem Marke Burges W. Hooke 262 Iohn Dauies of twelue yeres old 263 The congregation in London eadem The ministers of that congregation eadem Those that fled from Ipswich for persecution 265 Ipswich a good towne ead The affliction of L. Eliz. 268 Lady Elizabeth falsly accused 269 An hundred Northren souldiers watch the Lady Elizabeth 270 The L. Eliz. had none other friendes but God 171 Lady Elizabeth prisoned in the Tower eadem The Lorde Chamberlayne hard to the Lady Elizabeth 272 Sir Henry Benefield eadem Lady Elizabeth to Woodstock 273 L. Elizabeth in great feare eadem Tanquam ouis eadem Sir Henry Benefield presumptuous and vnciuill 274 The Spaniards against murdering of Lady Elizabeth 275 L. Elizabeth deliuered out of prison eadem God deliuereth L. Elizab. 276 Elizabeth prisoner ead Gardiner dieth 278 Queene Mary dieth ead Popish prelates die thicke about the death of queene Mary 280 Iohn Whiteman a notable martyr 281 A conference for matters of religion 282 Three propositions to dispute of eadem The Papists flie from the agreement