successor_n right_a because_o be_v only_o probable_a by_o oath_n of_o party_n the_o oath_n of_o the_o author_n will_v not_o prove_v against_o his_o singular_a successor_n neither_o will_v declaration_n backband_n or_o condition_n of_o trust_n be_v comprehend_v under_o reversion_n but_o they_o remain_v obliegement_n personal_a upon_o the_o person_n entrust_v unless_o they_o contain_v express_v obligement_n to_o re-dispone_a which_o be_v a_o reversion_n albeit_o it_o be_v not_o formal_a or_o if_o it_o bear_v to_o denude_v himself_o in_o favour_n of_o the_o disponer_n or_o any_o other_o but_o if_o it_o be_v but_o in_o trust_n to_o his_o behoof_n though_o thereupon_o via_fw-la actionis_fw-la he_o may_v be_v compel_v to_o denude_v yet_o be_v no_o reversion_n and_o however_o have_v no_o effect_n against_o singular_a successor_n unless_o they_o be_v registrate_n as_o aforesaid_a except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o may_v be_v ground_n of_o reduction_n against_o the_o party_n entrust_v or_o their_o singular_a successor_n partaker_n of_o the_o fraud_n 6._o it_o be_v also_o frequent_o provide_v in_o reversion_n that_o if_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o reversion_n be_v not_o perform_v betwixt_o and_o such_o a_o time_n the_o reversion_n shall_v expire_v and_o sometime_o it_o be_v provide_v so_o to_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la without_o declarator_n this_o be_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la irritate_v or_o annul_v the_o reversion_n which_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v call_v pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la in_o pignoribus_fw-la and_o be_v thereby_o reject_v and_o void_a as_o a_o usurary_a paction_n whereby_o the_o wodsetter_n get_v more_o than_o his_o just_a interest_n as_o a_o penalty_n which_o therefore_o as_o in_o other_o case_n aught_o to_o be_v modify_v to_o the_o just_a interest_n especial_o see_v indigent_a debtor_n through_o necessity_n of_o borrow_a money_n will_v be_v easy_o induce_v to_o such_o clause_n and_o therefore_o a_o back-band_n for_o redemption_n of_o a_o tenement_n bear_v such_o a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v find_v null_a two_o year_n after_o the_o term_n and_o after_o a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v all_o melioration_n be_v satisfy_v july_n 8._o 1636._o cleghorn_n contra_fw-la ferguson_n the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o a_o assignation_n to_o a_o bond_n under_o reversion_n of_o a_o small_a sum_n which_o be_v find_v penal_a and_o modify_v to_o the_o just_a interest_n june_n 25._o 1623._o mitchel_n contra_fw-la robson_n yet_o such_o clause_n irritant_fw-la be_v effectual_a upon_o the_o failie_a commit_v unless_o they_o be_v purge_v by_o performance_n which_o be_v ordinary_o receive_v when_o offer_v at_o the_o bar_n in_o the_o declarator_n of_o the_o expirie_n of_o the_o reversion_n so_o be_v it_o find_v purgeable_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o reversers_n creditor_n 19_o of_o march_n 1631._o doctor_n scot_n contra_fw-la dickson_n of_o headrig_n yea_o though_o the_o payment_n be_v not_o present_a a_o time_n will_v be_v grant_v before_o the_o extract_v of_o the_o decreet_a of_o declarator_n of_o the_o expirie_n of_o the_o reversion_n that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o failie_n may_v be_v purge_v feb._n 7._o 1628._o pringle_n contra_fw-la ker_n but_o no_o such_o time_n be_v grant_v where_o the_o requisition_n be_v upon_o ninescore_o day_n but_o decreet_a be_v give_v unless_o present_a payment_n be_v make_v july_n 19_o 1625._o nairn_n contra_fw-la napier_n but_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o reversion_n be_v only_o thus_o qualify_v in_o real_a impignoration_n but_o when_o the_o reversion_n be_v of_o a_o true_a sale_n not_o in_o security_n but_o for_o a_o equivalent_a price_n or_o where_o it_o be_v grant_v after_o the_o right_n relate_v to_o and_o not_o for_o implement_n of_o a_o promise_n or_o condition_n make_v at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v valid_a for_o only_o pactum_fw-la legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la in_o pignoribus_fw-la be_v reject_v in_o law_n and_o therefore_o the_o irritancie_n be_v not_o find_v purgeable_a before_o the_o declarator_n where_o the_o reversion_n be_v of_o land_n dispone_v for_o a_o competent_a price_n by_o a_o true_a sale_n january_n 17._o 1679._o james_n beatsone_fw-mi contra_fw-la harrower_n a_o bond_n bear_v that_o fail_v heirs-male_a of_o the_o grant_a and_o of_o his_o brother_n body_n that_o the_o heirs-female_a shall_v denude_v in_o favour_n of_o a_o sister_n son_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o certain_a sum_n be_v registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o reversion_n be_v find_v valid_a against_o a_o singular_a successor_n as_o a_o conditional_a reversion_n and_o not_o as_o a_o substitution_n albeit_o the_o bond_n be_v grant_v by_o a_o heretor_fw-la and_o that_o the_o land_n be_v never_o wodset_v but_o become_v redeemable_a by_o this_o bond_n and_o be_v not_o prejudge_v by_o a_o posterior_n liferent_a grant_v by_o that_o heretor_fw-la in_o favour_n of_o his_o wife_n which_o will_v have_v be_v effectual_a if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o substitution_n but_o the_o sum_n upon_o which_o the_o heir-female_a be_v oblige_v to_o denude_v be_v ordain_v to_o be_v re-imployed_n for_o the_o wife_n in_o liferent_a january_n 16._o 1679._o laird_n of_o lambertoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n blanergesk_n 7._o as_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o reversion_n they_o be_v stricti_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o not_o to_o be_v extend_v beyond_o what_o be_v express_v and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o sassigney_n of_o the_o reverse_a when_o not_o express_v yea_o not_o to_o his_o heir_n unless_o it_o be_v so_o express_v but_o where_o heir_n of_o the_o reverser_n be_v not_o express_v without_o adject_v the_o ordinary_a clause_n of_o pay_v the_o debt_n to_o the_o wodsetter_n by_o the_o reverser_n any_o time_n during_o his_o life_n and_o so_o heir_n be_v not_o find_v omit_v dedita_fw-la opera_fw-la but_o by_o negligence_n they_o be_v not_o exclude_v january_n 9_o 1662._o earl_n of_o murray_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o grant_v and_o a_o reversion_n take_v by_o a_o father_n dispone_v to_o his_o son_n find_v to_o be_v extend_v against_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o son_n though_o heir_n be_v not_o mention_v feb._n 6._o 1630._o muir_n contra_fw-la muir_n the_o like_a spot_n redemption_n william_n hamilton_n contra_fw-la hamilton_n and_o therefore_o the_o day_n of_o consignation_n be_v appoint_v eight_o day_n after_o the_o term_n the_o consignation_n be_v not_o sustain_v at_o the_o term_n itself_o though_o these_o day_n be_v introduce_v in_o the_o reversers_n favour_n july_n 12._o 1634._o lord_n balmerino_n contra_fw-la eliot_n of_o stobs_n yet_o where_o the_o reversion_n bear_v the_o premonition_n to_o be_v at_o the_o paroch-church_n it_o be_v sustain_v be_v use_v only_o personal_o decemb._n 11._o 1638._o finlason_n contra_fw-la weyms_n and_o where_o the_o reversion_n do_v bear_v consignation_n at_o the_o creditor_n house_n in_o london_n it_o be_v sustain_v be_v at_o his_o successor_n house_n at_o edinburgh_n feb._n 1._o 1667._o creditor_n of_o sir_n james_n murray_n contra_fw-la sir_n james_n murray_n 8._o the_o constitution_n or_o nature_n of_o wodset_n be_v thus_o clear_v as_o to_o the_o kind_n thereof_o wodset_n be_v either_o proper_a or_o improper_a and_o they_o be_v either_o public_a or_o base_a 9_o a_o proper_a wodset_n be_v where_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o thing_n wodset_n be_v only_o give_v for_o the_o annualrent_a of_o the_o sum_n and_o the_o hazard_n or_o benefit_n thereof_o whether_o it_o rise_v or_o fall_v be_v the_o wodsetter_n and_o there_o have_v never_o be_v any_o case_n decide_v find_v such_o proper_a wodset_n usurary_a upon_o exorbitancy_n of_o profit_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1661._o betwixt_o debtor_n and_o creditor_n all_o wodset_n before_o that_o act_n though_o proper_a be_v so_o alter_v that_o if_o the_o person_n have_v right_o to_o the_o reversion_n offer_v surety_n and_o demand_n possession_n the_o wodsetter_n must_v quite_o possession_n or_o else_o restrict_n himself_o to_o his_o annualrent_n and_o count_v for_o the_o superplus_n and_o that_o not_o from_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o citation_n but_o from_o the_o offer_n of_o security_n which_o be_v not_o sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o right_n of_o neversion_n not_o have_v produce_v his_o right_n to_o the_o neversion_n at_o the_o requisition_n and_o though_o it_o be_v produce_v in_o the_o process_n the_o wodsetter_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v to_o restrict_n or_o cede_fw-la the_o possession_n because_o he_o be_v in_o natural_a possession_n by_o labourage_n till_o he_o be_v warn_v before_o whitsonday_n feb._n 20._o 1679._o bruce_n contra_fw-la robert_n bogie_n though_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n in_o the_o wodset_n renunce_v the_o usurper_n act_n and_o all_o such_o act_n make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v for_o that_o exception_n in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n relate_v only_o to_o precede_a clause_n thereof_o and_o not_o to_o the_o clause_n anent_o wodset_n which_o be_v posterior_n january_n 29._o 1662._o laird_n of_o lamingtoun_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n
serve_v without_o delay_n otherways_o they_o can_v never_o be_v serve_v there_o be_v ever_o possibility_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o men._n yet_o if_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v enter_v before_o the_o superveniency_n even_o though_o but_o in_o the_o womb_n the_o same_o will_v take_v place_n but_o if_o the_o ascendent_n be_v actual_o enter_v the_o law_n afford_v no_o remedy_n reversion_n or_o restitution_n neither_o can_v this_o difficulty_n be_v a_o reason_n against_o the_o succcession_n ofascendents_n because_o the_o question_n be_v only_o betwixt_o they_o and_o their_o own_o child_n and_o nothing_o operat_o in_o favour_n of_o their_o brother_n and_o sister_n or_o their_o descendants_n as_o to_o the_o other_o case_n in_o the_o instance_n propose_v it_o seem_v the_o succeession_n ought_v to_o have_v depend_v till_o the_o event_n of_o the_o lawful_a issue_n of_o marion_n weir_n first_o because_o that_o have_v a_o determine_a time_n by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n viz._n the_o fift_v or_o fifty_o two_o year_n of_o her_o age_n at_o which_o time_n the_o issue_n of_o woman_n be_v repute_v extinct_a which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o men._n second_o in_o tailzy_n upon_o contract_n and_o for_o onerous_a cause_n respect_n be_v to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o meaning_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o party_n contracter_n and_o in_o dubio_fw-la pars_fw-la mitior_fw-la est_fw-la sequenda_fw-la and_o that_o sense_n be_v to_o be_v embrace_v by_o which_o the_o provision_n can_v have_v some_o effect_n and_o not_o that_o by_o which_o they_o can_v have_v none_o whereby_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o it_o be_v blackwood_n meaning_n that_o the_o succession_n of_o his_o own_o natural_a daughter_n shall_v be_v substitute_n in_o the_o second_o member_n to_o the_o heir_n betwixt_o the_o major_a and_o she_o and_o that_o while_o these_o be_v possibe_v his_o heir_n shall_v have_v no_o place_n otherways_o the_o second_o membet_n have_v be_v elusory_a for_o if_o by_o saill_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o major_a with_o the_o say_v marion_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v major_n decease_n marions_fw-fr heir_n by_o another_o lawful_a husband_n shall_v take_v place_n her_o other_o heir_n can_v never_o take_v place_n for_o she_o can_v not_o have_v another_o lawful_a husband_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o major_n her_o first_o husband_n death_n yet_o the_o reason_n on_o the_o contrary_n be_v no_o less_o pregnant_a and_o that_o in_o this_o case_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o heir_n ascendent_a the_o heir_n near_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o feer_n death_n shall_v have_v right_n immediate_o to_o succeed_v because_o the_o fee_n necessary_o must_v belong_v to_o some_o person_n and_o it_o can_v hang_v in_o the_o air_n on_o a_o future_a possibility_n which_o be_v a_o principle_n whereof_o mention_n and_o use_n have_v be_v make_v frequent_o before_o second_o if_o that_o be_v the_o meaning_n then_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o major_n death_n the_o land_n be_v true_o nullius_fw-la and_o so_o as_o caduciary_n behove_v to_o shall_v to_o the_o king_n as_o vltimus_fw-la haeres_fw-la but_o if_o it_o have_v be_v so_o express_v that_o no_o place_n shall_v be_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o major_n other_o heir_n till_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n of_o heir_n of_o marion_n weir_n the_o defficulty_n seem_v the_o same_o that_o the_o fee_n shall_v be_v pendent_a and_o nullius_fw-la it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o even_o in_o that_o other_o case_n the_o major_n other_o heir_n will_v succeed_v notwithstanding_o that_o provision_n which_o do_v but_o resolve_v in_o apersonalobligation_n to_o those_o heir_n to_o forebear_v yet_o they_o be_v heir_n and_o if_o contrary_a the_o provision_n they_o shall_v enter_v it_o will_v give_v interest_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o marion_n weir_n to_o compel_v the_o major_n heir_n have_v enter_v to_o denude_v themselves_o in_o their_o favour_n but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o this_o case_n and_o as_o to_o the_o reason_n upon_o the_o contrary_a though_o it_o may_v seem_v blackwood_n interest_n that_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o natural_a daughter_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o second_o place_n yet_o non_o fuit_fw-la habilis_fw-la modus_fw-la to_o make_v the_o fee_fw-mi pendent_n and_o nullius_fw-la but_o to_o that_o which_o be_v the_o main_a reason_n otherways_o the_o second_o member_n behove_v to_o be_v elusory_a it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o elusory_a because_o the_o most_o ordinary_a and_o hope_a case_n be_v that_o there_o shall_v have_v be_v heir_n betwixt_o the_o major_a and_o marion_n who_o if_o they_o have_v die_v without_o issue_n the_o land_n will_v have_v fall_v to_o marion_n heir_n by_o another_o lawful_a husband_n and_o not_o to_o the_o major_n other_o heir_n so_o that_o the_o case_n which_o fall_v out_o that_o there_o be_v no_o child_n procreate_v betwixt_o the_o major_a and_o marion_n be_v not_o fear_v and_o so_o not_o provide_v for_o as_o it_o ofttimes_o fare_v in_o such_o case_n therefore_o we_o conceive_v it_o more_o probable_a that_o in_o all_o case_n that_o person_n who_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o defunct_n death_n be_v in_o be_v bear_v or_o unborn_a may_v be_v heir_n and_o immediate_o enter_v so_o soon_o as_o by_o the_o birth_n it_o appear_v who_o may_v be_v serve_v there_o have_v a_o late_a case_n occur_v and_o be_v determine_v on_o that_o occasion_n the_o late_a earl_n of_o leven_n tailzy_v his_o estate_n and_o dignity_n to_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o body_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o elder_a heir_n female_a without_o division_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o rothess_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o lord_n melvil_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o earl_n of_o levens_n sister_n which_o faill_v to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o weemes_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o mother_n leven_n leave_v three_o daughter_n after_o he_o who_o die_v all_o un-entered_n rothess_n have_v no_o second_o son_n david_n melvil_n second_o son_n to_o the_o lord_n melvil_n take_v a_o brieve_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o serve_v himself_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o leven_n the_o earl_n of_o rothess_n take_v a_o gift_n of_o the_o nonentry_n in_o the_o name_n of_o sr._n william_n bruce_n who_o raise_v a_o advocation_n of_o the_o brieve_n with_o a_o declarator_n that_o while_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o a_o second_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o rothess_n body_n david_n melvil_n nor_o no_o son_n of_o a_o subsequent_a branch_n can_v be_v enter_v or_o declare_v that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o nonentrie_n both_o member_n of_o the_o say_a declarator_n the_o lord_n do_v sustain_v and_o stop_v the_o service_n albeit_o many_o inconvenience_n be_v represent_v thence_o arise_v as_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o active_a title_n for_o pursue_v the_o right_n of_o the_o family_n or_o for_o receive_v vassal_n nor_o any_o access_n to_o the_o estate_n passiuè_fw-fr by_o creditor_n but_o the_o lord_n do_v reserve_v to_o the_o special_a declarator_n how_o far_o the_o nonentry_n will_v reach_v whether_o to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n only_o or_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n but_o many_o of_o the_o lordswerc_n of_o opinion_n that_o david_n melvil_n shall_v enter_v as_o heir_n of_o tilzie_n yet_o so_o that_o if_o the_o chancellor_n have_v a_o second_o son_n he_o or_o his_o issue_n will_v succeed_v as_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o david_n melvil_n and_o neither_o his_o own_o heir_n of_o line_n nor_o the_o earl_n of_o weemes_n second_n son_n because_o at_o the_o time_n of_o david_n melvil_n death_n the_o chancellor_n second_o son_n will_v be_v a_o near_a heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o david_n than_o his_o own_o son_n as_o be_v of_o a_o prior_n branch_n of_o the_o tailzie_n feb._n 22._o 1677._o sr._n william_n bruce_n contra_fw-la david_n melvil_n but_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o the_o nonentrie_n by_o the_o special_a declarator_n can_v not_o reach_v to_o the_o full_a rent_n but_o only_o to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n see_v the_o apparent_a heir_n be_v neither_o in_o culpa_fw-la nor_o mora_fw-la which_o do_v only_o infer_v the_o full_a duty_n and_o therefore_o find_v the_o donatar_n have_v right_a to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n and_o that_o the_o remainder_n continue_v in_o haereditate_fw-la jacente_fw-la to_o be_v manage_v by_o the_o lord_n malvil_n as_o curator_n datus_fw-la bonis_fw-la of_o the_o estate_n of_o leven_n by_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o that_o estate_n as_o a_o tutor_n or_o as_o if_o a_o heir_n have_v be_v enter_v july_n 24._o 1677._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la 51._o it_o come_v ofttimes_o to_o pass_v that_o through_o the_o unclear_a conception_n of_o clause_n of_o provision_n it_o become_v dubious_a who_o be_v thereby_o constitut_o foot_n and_o who_o liferenter_fw-la as_o be_v ordinary_a when_o sum_n of_o
ascendent_n or_o these_o of_o their_o side_n but_o only_o to_o agnat_n conjoin_v by_o the_o father_n grandfather_n etc._n etc._n which_o hold_v even_o though_o the_o heritage_n descend_v from_o the_o mother_n or_o these_o of_o her_o side_n for_o in_o the_o service_n of_o heir_n the_o near_a lawful_a heir_n be_v only_o inquire_v and_o retour_v either_o by_o the_o lineal_a succession_n aforesaid_a or_o by_o express_a tailzie_n or_o provision_n in_o the_o infeftment_n without_o respect_n from_o whence_o the_o inheritance_n flow_v for_o which_o we_o have_v no_o statute_n nor_o custom_n but_o in_o england_n it_o be_v otherways_o for_o paterna_fw-la paternis_fw-la and_o materna_fw-la maternis_fw-la take_v place_n but_o with_o we_o the_o contrare_fw-la be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o john_n gilbert_n as_o craig_n observe_v lib._n 2._o dieg_n 17._o and_o he_o there_o relate_v that_o many_o afterward_o change_v their_o opinion_n therein_o and_o though_o there_o be_v equity_n in_o it_o yet_o no_o law_n nor_o practic_n since_o have_v favour_v the_o maternal_a line_n but_o the_o father_n be_v find_v heir_n to_o his_o son_n even_o in_o the_o land_n where_o the_o son_n be_v infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o his_o mother_n and_o do_v exclude_v his_o brother_n uterin_n by_o that_o mother_n february_n 5._o 1663._o lenox_n contra_fw-la lintoun_n 4._o in_o all_o this_o line_n of_o succession_n there_o be_v place_n for_o representation_n of_o descendants_n in_o place_n of_o their_o defunct_a parent_n so_o that_o female_n of_o a_o further_a degree_n by_o the_o right_a ofrepresentation_n exclude_v male_n of_o a_o near_a degree_n as_o the_o elder_a son_n daughter_n will_v be_v prefer_v in_o thegrandfathers_n inheritance_n to_o his_o other_o son_n in_o private_a right_n though_o that_o be_v contraverse_v by_o the_o more_o common_a feudall_a custom_n as_o be_v large_o and_o learned_o dispute_v by_o tiraquellus_n 35._o in_o this_o lineal_a succession_n the_o father_n grandfather_n or_o other_o ascendant_n of_o the_o paternal_a line_n succeed_v in_o heritable_a right_n next_o unto_o brother_n and_o sister_n and_o before_o all_o other_o collaterall_n or_o agnat_n we_o have_v show_v before_o why_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o ascendant_n in_o the_o jewish_a succession_n because_o such_o a_o case_n can_v hardly_o occur_v among_o they_o craig_n lib._n 2._o deig_n 13._o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v doubtful_a in_o his_o time_n whether_o ascendant_n can_v succeed_v in_o heritable_a right_n and_o that_o he_o hear_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o learned_a man_n in_o the_o contrary_a and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o find_v the_o lord_n decide_v in_o it_o and_o that_o it_o be_v contrare_fw-la to_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o also_o to_o his_o own_o opinion_n yet_o he_o bring_v both_o evident_a reason_n and_o example_n in_o the_o contrary_a the_o reason_n be_v that_o no_o inquest_n can_v just_o retoure_n that_o the_o father_n brother_n be_v near_a than_o the_o father_n he_o bring_v also_o the_o example_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o angus_n serve_v heir_n in_o the_o earldom_n of_o angus_n to_o his_o ownson_n who_o he_o have_v infeft_v therein_o and_o the_o lord_n colvill_n in_o likemanner_n have_v infeft_v his_o son_n in_o all_o his_o estate_n though_o sum_n affirm_v that_o this_o be_v by_o provision_n in_o the_o infeftment_n yet_o that_o the_o service_n be_v be_v sure_a but_o that_o provision_n be_v uncertain_a and_o though_o some_o also_o be_v doubtful_a whether_o the_o earl_n of_o angus_n be_v serve_v and_o infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o that_o same_o son_n which_o well_o infer_v that_o the_o father_n be_v not_o infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o his_o son_n but_o not_o that_o he_o be_v not_o serve_v heir_n to_o he_o therein_o for_o he_o may_v have_v be_v serve_v and_o not_o infeft_v whereby_o the_o service_n as_o incomplete_a become_v void_a and_o the_o next_o earl_n behove_v to_o serve_v of_o new_a to_o the_o son_n who_o die_v last_o vest_n and_o seize_v as_o of_o fee_n the_o custom_n and_o common_a opinion_n since_o be_v for_o the_o ascendant_n and_o so_o the_o earl_n of_o roxburgh_n be_v serve_v as_o heir_n male_a to_o his_o son_n the_o lord_n ker_n and_o many_o other_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o more_o favour_v as_o more_o conform_v to_o equity_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o in_o dubio_fw-la ought_v to_o take_v place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n nor_o custom_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o with_o we_o there_o be_v none_o neither_o do_v i_o ever_o hear_v of_o one_o who_o attempt_v to_o exclude_v a_o father_n by_o the_o father_n collaterail_n and_o though_o there_o have_v be_v no_o decision_n upon_o it_o neither_o have_v there_o be_v upon_o many_o other_o uncontroverted_a custom_n especial_o in_o succession_n but_o the_o acquiescence_n of_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n in_o matter_n of_o so_o great_a moment_n be_v a_o strong_a evidence_n of_o the_o national_n consent_n by_o custom_n but_o it_o have_v aho_o be_v so_o decide_v by_o the_o lord_n hope_n succession_n mr._n robert_n burnet_n contra_fw-la mauld_n yea_o a_o son_n be_v infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o hismother_n die_v without_o issue_n his_o brother_n uterin_o by_o the_o mother_n be_v not_o find_v heir_n to_o he_o but_o his_o father_n february_n 5._o 1663._o lenox_n contra_fw-la lintoun_n as_o to_o the_o allege_a opposition_n of_o the_o feudall_a law_n as_o have_v be_v oft_o time_n say_v it_o be_v local_a and_o therefore_o as_o in_o england_n all_o ascendant_n be_v exclude_v so_o in_o germany_n they_o succeed_v in_o the_o next_o place_n after_o descendants_n and_o be_v prefer_v to_o brother_n and_o sister_n according_a to_o thenaturall_a course_n ofsuccession_n the_o reason_n why_o brother_n and_o sister_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v prefer_v to_o the_o father_n with_o we_o may_v be_v because_o such_o fee_n do_v common_o proceed_v from_o the_o father_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o continuance_n of_o that_o samefatherly_a affection_n be_v derive_v to_o the_o brother_n and_o sister_n and_o because_o they_o be_v in_o more_o need_n of_o provision_n than_o the_o father_n title_n xxvii_o heir_n 1._o appearand_a heir_n may_v pursue_v exhibition_n ad_fw-la deliberandum_fw-la 2._o they_o may_v defend_v their_o predecessor_n right_n and_o possession_n be_v call_v or_o compear_v for_o their_o interest_n and_o their_o executor_n have_v right_a to_o the_o rent_n of_o these_o year_n they_o be_v appear_v and_o heir_n 3._o the_o aliment_n of_o heir_n from_o the_o donatar_n and_o life-rentars_a 4._o heir_n not_o enter_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o clause_n which_o by_o nature_n import_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v actual_a heir_n 5._o heir_n have_v interest_n in_o all_o right_n grant_v to_o their_o predecessor_n though_o not_o mention_v heir_n who_o be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o heir_n by_o their_o tenor_n and_o nature_n 6._o heir_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o all_o right_n heritable_a by_o destination_n or_o have_v a_o future_a tract_n of_o time_n after_o the_o defunct_n death_n 7._o heir_n have_v right_o to_o movable_a heirship_n or_o obleigment_n for_o sum_n wherein_o executor_n be_v exclude_v 8._o heir_n of_o line_n be_v heir_n general_o their_o interest_n 9_o hirship_v movable_n 10._o heir_n of_o conquest_n their_o interest_n 11._o heir_n portioner_n their_o interest_n 12._o heir_n male_a tailzie_n and_o provision_n their_o interest_n 13._o all_o heir_n be_v liable_a pasiuè_fw-fr for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n but_o not_o in_o the_o same_o way_n 14._o heir_n portioner_n how_o far_o liable_a 15._o the_o effect_n of_o different_a provision_n or_o obligation_n by_o defunct_n in_o favour_n of_o divers_a heir_n portioner_n 16._o heir_n not_o be_v portioner_n no_o substitute_n in_o band_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la 17._o the_o order_n by_o which_o heris_fw-la be_v liable_a passiuè_fw-fr and_o may_v be_v discuss_v 18._o heir_n of_o tailzie_n ripresent_v not_o the_o defunct_a in_o obligation_n contrary_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o tailzie_n 19_o heir_n of_o marriage_n may_v quarrel_v their_o predecessor_n deed_n be_v meerlygratovitus_fw-la in_o their_o prejudice_n but_o not_o such_o as_o be_v onerous_a or_o rational_a deed_n 20._o heir_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o discuss_v may_v propone_v the_o exception_n that_o all_o party_n have_v interest_n be_v not_o call_v without_o instructiug_v the_o right_n whereto_o they_o may_v succeed_v 21._o the_o exception_n of_o the_o order_n of_o discuse_v be_v not_o sustain_v without_o condescend_v on_o the_o heritage_n whereunto_o the_o anterior_a heir_n may_v suecee_v and_o what_o be_v discuse_v 22._o the_o order_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o genral_n charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n 23._o the_o order_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o special_a charge_n to_o enter_v heir_n 24._o renounciation_n to_o be_v heir_n its_o order_n and_o effect_n 25._o the_o entry_n of_o heir_n general_a and_o effect_n thereof_o 26._o the_o entry_n of_o heir_n upon_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la
death_n yea_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o expense_n of_o childbed_n of_o a_o posthumus_fw-la child_n bear_v after_o the_o next_o term_n against_o the_o elder_a son_n though_o he_o be_v not_o heir_n but_o have_v a_o universal_a disposition_n of_o his_o father_n mean_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a which_o disposition_n be_v grant_v after_o the_o posthumus_z child_n conception_n november_n 10._o 1671._o thomas_n hastie_n and_o barbara_n ker_n his_o mother_n contra_fw-la william_n hastie_n a_o wife_n have_v also_o her_o mourning_n if_o her_o quality_n require_v it_o out_o of_o her_o husband_n executry_n november_n 12._o 1664._o nicolas_n murray_n lady_n craigaffie_n contra_fw-la cornelius_n neilson_n july_n 7._o 1675._o agnes_n wilkie_n contra_fw-la christian_n morison_n and_o likewise_o if_o the_o wife_n predecease_n her_o executour_n have_v the_o half_a or_o three_o of_o her_o husband_n movable_n the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_n be_v set_v aside_o as_o heirship_v movable_n though_o there_o can_v be_v no_o heir_n for_o the_o time_n the_o husband_n be_v alive_a december_n 8._o 1668._o agnes_n guidlet_n contra_fw-la george_n nairn_n title_n v._o obligation_n between_o parent_n and_o child_n 1._o obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n be_v divine_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n 3._o in_o infancy_n 4._o in_o minority_n 5._o in_o majority_n 6._o oeconomical_a government_n 7._o provision_n of_o child_n 8._o obligation_n of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n 9_o aliment_n due_a to_o parent_n 10._o obligation_n mutual_a of_o child_n 11._o patria_fw-la potestas_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n 12._o among_o other_o nation_n especial_o as_o lawful_a administration_n 13._o forisfamiliation_n and_o emancipation_n that_o there_o be_v natural_a obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n not_o proceed_v from_o the_o consent_n of_o either_o party_n or_o from_o the_o constitution_n of_o any_o humane_a law_n but_o from_o the_o obedience_n man_n owe_v to_o his_o maker_n who_o have_v write_v this_o law_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n as_o to_o their_o interest_n and_o duty_n with_o capital_a letter_n be_v evident_a by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o though_o evil_a custom_n have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o natural_a light_n in_o other_o thing_n yet_o in_o this_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o righteousness_n be_v so_o direct_a that_o their_o illumination_n can_v be_v extinguish_v these_o obligation_n be_v so_o firm_a that_o in_o most_o thing_n they_o can_v be_v take_v off_o nor_o discharge_v by_o man_n though_o child_n will_v discharge_v their_o parent_n of_o natural_a affection_n education_n provision_n etc._n etc._n or_o parent_n will_v free_v their_o child_n of_o reverence_n obsequiousness_n and_o of_o entertainment_n of_o parent_n not_o able_a to_o entertain_v themselves_o yet_o will_v these_o obligation_n still_o be_v bind_v upon_o either_o these_o obligation_n be_v place_v in_o the_o common_a nature_n that_o man_n have_v with_o other_o animal_n and_o so_o be_v give_v as_o a_o evident_a instance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n l._n 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr justitia_fw-la &_o jure_fw-la we_o shall_v then_o consider_v what_o these_o be_v and_o first_o what_o interest_n the_o parent_n have_v in_o the_o person_n of_o their_o child_n second_o in_o what_o they_o be_v natural_o boundto_a to_o their_o child_n three_o what_o interest_n the_o child_n have_v in_o the_o good_n of_o parent_n four_o what_o they_o natural_o do_v owe_v to_o their_o parent_n five_o what_o they_o be_v bind_v in_o to_o each_o other_o 2._o for_o the_o first_o ere_o we_o can_v distinct_o know_v the_o power_n parent_n have_v over_o their_o child_n we_o must_v distinguish_v the_o capacity_n and_o age_n of_o the_o child_n whereof_o there_o be_v three_o infancy_n or_o pupilarity_n minority_n or_o less_o age_n and_o majority_n or_o full_a age_n so_o do_v aristotle_n distinguish_v polit._n 1._o cap._n ult_n ethic._n l._n 4._o cap._n 3._o l._n 5._o cap._n 10._o and_o after_o he_o grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la l._n 2._o cap._n 5._o 3._o infancy_n be_v when_o the_o child_n be_v without_o discretion_n and_o then_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o power_n of_o their_o parent_n who_o not_o only_o may_v but_o must_v carry_v they_o whither_o and_o keep_v they_o where_o they_o will_v and_o must_v also_o breed_v and_o order_v they_o according_a to_o their_o capacity_n mean_n and_o quality_n and_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o act_n of_o dominion_n in_o the_o parent_n the_o child_n be_v then_o capable_a of_o no_o obligation_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v receive_v by_o they_o from_o the_o parent_n as_o a_o obligation_n as_o it_o may_v thereafter_o be_v do_v during_o the_o child_n minority_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a levity_n for_o want_v of_o fixedness_n and_o experience_n while_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n be_v but_o draw_v towards_o its_o meridian_n clearness_n 4._o it_o will_v not_o much_o be_v debate_v but_o the_o direction_n of_o child_n in_o their_o minority_n be_v natural_o state_v in_o their_o parent_n but_o the_o great_a question_n will_v remain_v of_o their_o full_a age_n when_o the_o child_n become_v able_a to_o govern_v themselves_o and_o their_o own_o affair_n and_o as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o it_o stand_v alone_o inpietate_fw-la &_o reverentia_fw-la steph._n oeco.juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la cap._n 7._o and_o vinnius_n partitionum_fw-la l._n 1._o cap._n 7._o in_o principio_fw-la show_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o holland_n dissolve_v the_o power_n of_o father_n by_o the_o child_n age_n of_o 25._o 5._o whatsoever_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n whereby_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n in_o their_o full_a age_n be_v much_o diminish_v yet_o by_o the_o original_a and_o pure_a law_n of_o nature_n not_o only_o the_o tutory_a and_o protection_n of_o child_n infancy_n with_o the_o cure_n and_o direction_n of_o their_o minority_n be_v in_o their_o parent_n but_o there_o be_v also_o a_o oeconomick_a authority_n in_o the_o father_n of_o the_o family_n over_o all_o his_o child_n and_o descendant_n remain_v in_o his_o family_n who_o he_o have_v not_o elocat_fw-la by_o marriage_n which_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a bond_n unto_o other_o family_n whereby_o the_o female_n do_v natural_o change_v their_o family_n and_o become_v under_o the_o power_n of_o another_o family_n 6._o this_o be_v the_o only_a natural_a authority_n and_o government_n which_o have_v in_o itself_o all_o authority_n public_a private_a civil_a and_o criminal_a till_o by_o humane_a constitution_n and_o divine_a approbation_n most_o of_o that_o power_n be_v now_o devolve_v into_o magistracy_n this_o power_n be_v not_o only_o before_o magistracy_n but_o even_o thereafter_o remain_v with_o subordination_n thereto_o in_o most_o nation_n as_o caesar_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n lib._n 2._o write_v that_o among_o the_o gaul_n and_o belgae_n parent_n have_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o like_a power_n have_v the_o roman_n ancient_o l._n in_o suis_fw-la haredibus_fw-la 11._o ff_n de_fw-fr liberis_fw-la &_o posthumis_fw-la l._n libertati_fw-la 10._o cod._n de_fw-fr patria_fw-la potestate_fw-la aristotle_n testify_v the_o like_a of_o the_o persian_n lib._n 8._o ethic._n cap._n 12._o and_o by_o the_o judicial_a law_n deut._n 21._o vers_fw-la 18._o the_o rebellious_a son_n who_o obeje_v not_o the_o voice_n of_o his_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v forth_o before_o the_o elder_n of_o that_o place_n and_o stone_v to_o death_n without_o other_o proof_n than_o the_o parent_n testimony_n so_o that_o the_o sentence_n be_v the_o parent_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v to_o be_v public_a such_o authority_n be_v that_o of_o the_o patriarch_n abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n who_o with_o divine_a approbation_n make_v war_n peace_n and_o confederacy_n which_o be_v the_o public_a and_o proper_a right_n of_o magistracy_n and_o govern_v their_o own_o family_n without_o any_o authority_n derive_v from_o any_o other_o and_o though_o jacob_n family_n arise_v to_o that_o greatness_n that_o in_o it_o be_v many_o family_n yet_o he_o remain_v the_o father_n and_o prince_n of_o they_o all_o so_o that_o the_o several_a subordinat_a family_n have_v their_o subordinat_a authority_n over_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o so_o their_o child_n be_v bind_v in_o obedience_n to_o they_o but_o with_o the_o exception_n of_o their_o superior_a parent_n to_o who_o the_o first_o obedience_n be_v due_a this_o native_a authority_n reach_v all_o child_n whether_o procreate_v of_o lawful_a marriage_n or_o not_o so_o that_o they_o be_v true_o know_v to_o be_v child_n because_o the_o same_o foundation_n and_o common_a principle_n and_o duty_n be_v in_o both_o though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o same_o interest_n
in_o the_o father_n good_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o community_n of_o good_n betwixt_o man_n and_o wife_n and_o the_o conjugal_a society_n even_o natural_o whence_o the_o good_n be_v derive_v into_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o lawful_a marriage_n this_o paternal_a authority_n do_v not_o necessary_o carry_v the_o property_n and_o disposal_n of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o child_n but_o that_o they_o be_v capable_a of_o such_o by_o the_o gift_n of_o their_o parent_n or_o any_o other_o way_n even_o in_o infancy_n and_o that_o they_o have_v the_o full_a dominion_n and_o administration_n thereof_o in_o their_o full_a age_n and_o therefore_o bond_n of_o provision_n by_o father_n to_o child_n if_o deliver_v be_v not_o revockable_a direct_o nor_o indirect_o by_o contract_a debt_n thereafter_o and_o the_o delivery_n of_o such_o bond_n of_o provision_n make_v they_o irrevockable_a whether_o the_o delivery_n be_v to_o the_o child_n or_o to_o any_o other_o for_o their_o behoove_v which_o behoove_v will_v be_v presume_v unless_o the_o father_n express_v his_o mind_n at_o the_o delivery_n that_o the_o write_v be_v to_o be_v return_v to_o himself_o or_o depositate_fw-la upon_o term_n and_o therefore_o a_o bond_n take_v by_o a_o father_n in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o brother_n the_o father_n obtain_v a_o assignation_n from_o he_o to_o his_o daughter_n the_o bond_n be_v not_o find_v revockable_a by_o the_o father_n be_v registrate_n in_o the_o brother_n name_n november_n 20._o 1667._o executour_n of_o trotter_n contra_fw-la trotter_n child_n provision_n by_o bond_n grant_v after_o a_o testament_n nominate_v they_o executour_n find_v not_o to_o import_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o executry_n if_o the_o heir_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o bond_n of_o provision_n but_o that_o the_o bond_n be_v movable_n shall_v first_o affect_v the_o executry_n february_n 22._o 1677._o belfhe_n of_o tofts_n contra_fw-la belshes_n and_o a_o father_n grant_v bond_n to_o a_o bairn_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o her_o portion_n natural_a be_v not_o find_v thereby_o to_o apply_v that_o bairn_n portion_n natural_a to_o the_o heir_n executor_n or_o unlversal_a legator_n though_o they_o will_v be_v liable_a for_o payment_n of_o the_o bond_n but_o to_o apply_v that_o bairn_n share_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bairn_n who_o thereby_o will_v have_v the_o whole_a bairn_n part_v february_n 17._o 1671._o mistress_n katherine_n mcgill_n against_o the_o viscount_n of_o oxford_n for_o bond_n of_o provision_n deliver_v in_o liege_n pousty_a do_v as_o other_o debt_n affect_v the_o whole_a executry_n and_o where_o all_o the_o bairn_n have_v bond_n of_o provision_n bear_v in_o satisfaction_n they_o have_v also_o their_o bairn_n part_v of_o the_o executry_n july_n 16._o 1678._o murrays_n contra_fw-la murrays_n but_o bairn_n provision_n payable_a at_o such_o a_o day_n and_o not_o bear_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o decease_a to_o accress_n to_o the_o survive_a the_o share_n of_o these_o bairn_n who_o die_v before_o that_o age_n without_o issue_n be_v not_o find_v due_a february_n 22._o 1677._o belshes_n of_o toast_n contra_fw-la belshes_n the_o delivery_n of_o write_v in_o other_o case_n be_v presume_v from_o the_o date_n if_o they_o be_v in_o the_o person_n hand_n in_o who_o favour_n they_o be_v grant_v but_o in_o competition_n with_o other_o creditor_n the_o delivery_n of_o bond_n of_o provision_n be_v not_o presume_v to_o have_v be_v from_o the_o date_n but_o that_o 〈◊〉_d be_v instruct_v by_o some_o evidence_n as_o take_v seize_v registration_n or_o witness_n who_o see_v the_o same_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o child_n or_o other_o to_o their_o 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o that_o case_n they_o be_v valide_fw-la if_o there_o be_v no_o 〈◊〉_d or_o prejudice_n to_o creditor_n by_o latency_n or_o 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o bond_n of_o provision_n to_o child_n be_v reduce_v upon_o the_o elder_a son_n contract_v of_o marriage_n though_o 〈◊〉_d january_n 10._o 1668._o laird_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d his_o brother_n and_o sister_n and_o a_o posteriour_a tocher_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o prior_n assignation_n to_o a_o bairn_n in_o family_n unless_o the_o prior_n delivery_n be_v also_o prove_v november_n 14._o 1676._o major_a ingle_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d june_n 〈◊〉_d 1668._o johnstoun_n of_o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la isobel_n arnold_n but_o from_o this_o paternal_a power_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o parent_n may_v continue_v and_o keep_v their_o child_n in_o their_o family_n and_o that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o employ_v their_o service_n and_o work_n for_o the_o common_a interest_n of_o the_o family_n and_o what_o thence_o arise_v be_v the_o parent_n not_o their_o own_o which_o do_v always_o endure_v till_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o parent_n they_o become_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whereby_o they_o may_v employ_v their_o work_n and_o service_n for_o themselves_o alone_o thus_o the_o interest_n of_o parent_n in_o the_o person_n and_o good_n of_o their_o child_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v clear_v as_o to_o the_o obligation_n natural_a of_o parent_n towards_o their_o child_n beside_o their_o obligation_n that_o stand_v and_o be_v act_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o affection_n which_o the_o law_n respect_v not_o but_o these_o only_a qua_fw-la non_fw-la ment_fw-la sed_fw-la manu_fw-la tenentur_fw-la the_o main_a obligation_n be_v education_n and_o provision_n the_o education_n of_o child_n consist_v not_o only_o in_o the_o care_n and_o entertainment_n of_o they_o during_o infancy_n but_o especial_o in_o breed_n of_o they_o for_o some_o call_v and_o employment_n according_a to_o their_o capacity_n and_o condition_n 7._o the_o duty_n of_o provision_n of_o child_n comprehend_v not_o only_o their_o aliment_n and_o entertainment_n in_o meat_n clothes_n medicine_n and_o burial_n which_o may_v be_v competent_a during_o the_o parent_n life_n but_o also_o competent_a provision_n after_o the_o parent_n death_n for_o the_o apostle_n say_v that_o he_o that_o care_v not_o for_o his_o family_n be_v worse_a than_o a_o infidel_n 1_o tim._n 5._o vers_fw-la 8._o and_o in_o both_o the_o ability_n of_o the_o parent_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o child_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v for_o if_o the_o child_n be_v 〈◊〉_d provide_v aliunde_fw-la the_o parent_n be_v not_o bind_v and_o though_o the_o child_n be_v necessitous_a yet_o there_o must_v first_o be_v reserve_v for_o the_o parent_n that_o which_o be_v necessary_a for_o subsistence_n so_o that_o when_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o entertain_v their_o child_n they_o may_v lawful_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o mercy_n and_o charity_n of_o other_o but_o a_o father_n though_o indigent_a be_v decern_v to_o receive_v his_o son_n have_v no_o mean_n or_o call_v into_o his_o family_n or_o to_o pay_v he_o a_o modification_n january_n 13._o 1666._o william_n dick_n contra_fw-la sir_n andrew_n dick._n but_o a_o father_n be_v not_o find_v liable_a to_o pay_v a_o merchant_n for_o furniture_n give_v to_o his_o son_n where_o he_o give_v his_o son_n a_o allowance_n in_o money_n for_o his_o clothes_n january_a 〈◊〉_d 1672._o high_a 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la craufoord_v of_o camlarg_n neither_o be_v a_o father_n find_v liable_a for_o his_o daughter_n bridel-furniture_n to_o a_o merchant_n who_o he_o prohibit_v to_o give_v they_o off_o but_o the_o daughter_n and_o her_o husband_n july_n 〈◊〉_d 1672._o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o gairn_n and_o a_o mother_n be_v find_v oblige_v to_o receive_v her_o child_n into_o family_n but_o for_o no_o other_o modification_n though_o they_o be_v noble_a person_n there_o be_v none_o represent_v the_o father_n able_a to_o entertain_v they_o february_n 23._o 1666._o child_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o buchan_n contra_fw-la the_o 〈◊〉_d as_o to_o the_o interest_n child_n have_v in_o the_o good_n of_o their_o parent_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v either_o during_o the_o parent_n life_n or_o after_o their_o death_n for_o the_o interest_n they_o have_v after_o their_o parent_n death_n it_o fall_v in_o to_o be_v consider_v among_o the_o conveyance_n of_o right_n by_o succession_n but_o during_o the_o parent_n life_n they_o have_v no_o real_a right_n of_o dominion_n or_o property_n in_o the_o parent_n good_n for_o though_o the_o parent_n be_v oblige_v natural_o to_o entertain_v and_o educate_v their_o child_n out_o of_o their_o good_n yet_o that_o be_v but_o a_o personal_a right_n and_o intitule_v not_o the_o child_n to_o meddle_v with_o the_o parent_n good_n upon_o that_o pretence_n as_o say_v solomon_n prov._n 28._o vers_fw-la 24._o who_o rob_v his_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o say_v it_o be_v no_o transgression_n the_o same_o be_v the_o companion_n of_o a_o destroyer_n 8._o the_o obligation_n of_o child_n towards_o their_o parent_n consist_v main_o in_o their_o obedience_n to_o they_o and_o their_o duty_n to_o aliment_n and_o supply_v they_o in_o all_o their_o necessity_n according_a to_o the_o child_n ability_n their_o obedience_n to_o their_o parent_n be_v much_o
concern_v the_o mind_n and_o purpose_n be_v not_o probable_a by_o witness_n but_o by_o write_n or_o oath_n of_o party_n november_n 17._o 1627._o john_n inglis_n contra_fw-la gilbert_n kirkwood_n 30_o of_o january_n 1629._o captain_n crawford_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o lamingtoun_n yet_o if_o fraud_n otherways_o appear_v witness_n will_v be_v admit_v to_o prove_v the_o have_v before_o citation_n that_o the_o haver_n may_v instruct_v that_o he_o warrantable_o put_v the_o same_o away_o july_n 14._o 1666._o fountain_n and_o brown_n contra_fw-la maxwel_n of_o netheryet_fw-mi but_o witness_n will_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o prove_v the_o delivery_n of_o any_o write_v by_o the_o grant_a thereof_o whether_o it_o be_v bond_n or_o assignation_n as_o be_v chyrographum_fw-la apud_fw-la debitorem_fw-la repertum_fw-la presumitur_fw-la solutum_fw-la which_o be_v sustain_v as_o to_o a_o assignation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o granter_n son_n who_o do_v his_o affair_n and_o witness_n be_v not_o admit_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o same_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o son_n as_o agent_n for_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi december_n 14._o 1666._o anna_n fairly_n contra_fw-la the_o executor_n of_o sir_n william_n dick._n this_o presumption_n be_v strong_a in_o relation_n to_o bond_n which_o be_v most_o ordinary_o take_v away_o by_o retire_v the_o same_o without_o take_v discharge_v and_o therefore_o be_v find_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o debtor_n or_o his_o heir_n they_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v satisfy_v and_o retire_v or_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o cautioner_n if_o it_o appear_v by_o his_o oath_n or_o other_o evidence_n that_o he_o get_v the_o bond_n from_o the_o principal_a debtor_n to_o take_v his_o name_n from_o it_o june_n 26._o 1623._o carmichael_n contra_fw-la hay_n of_o munktoun_n otherways_o the_o presumption_n will_v not_o hold_v by_o the_o bond_n be_v find_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o cautioner_n or_o of_o a_o executor_n for_o who_o simple_a retire_n of_o the_o bond_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a without_o discharge_n or_o assignation_n exhibition_n and_o delivery_n be_v competent_a to_o any_o party_n in_o who_o favour_n a_o write_n be_v conceive_v without_o necessity_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v deliver_v for_o that_o be_v presume_v if_o the_o write_v be_v out_o of_o the_o granter_n hand_n so_o that_o the_o grant_a be_v necessitat_fw-la to_o prove_v that_o the_o writ_n be_v depositat_fw-la upon_o term_n not_o perform_v or_o that_o it_o be_v lend_v lose_v steal_v or_o pass_v otherways_o from_o he_o then_o by_o delivery_n for_o prevention_n of_o which_o the_o english_a custom_n be_v good_a that_o the_o write_v bear_n not_o only_o sign_v and_o seal_v but_o deliver_v before_o the_o witness_n but_o see_v with_o we_o delivery_n be_v presume_v it_o be_v ordinary_o require_v that_o the_o grant_a of_o the_o write_v be_v call_v in_o the_o exhibition_n that_o he_o may_v be_v hear_v to_o propone_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v take_v off_o the_o presumption_n yet_o this_o will_v not_o be_v necessary_a in_o recover_v security_n of_o land_n or_o other_o real_a right_n especial_o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v in_o possession_n but_o in_o several_a case_n write_v be_v effectual_a without_o delivery_n as_o first_o write_v grant_v by_o parent_n in_o favour_n of_o their_o child_n november_n 11._o 1624._o bairn_n of_o elders_o contra_fw-la his_o heir_n second_o mutual_a contract_n or_o minute_n june_n penult_n 1625._o valence_n contra_fw-la crawford_n three_o write_v bear_v a_o clause_n dispense_n with_o delivery_n four_o by_o reservation_n of_o the_o granter_n liferent_a and_o power_n to_o dispone_n june_n 19_o 1668._o agnes_n hadden_n and_o mary_n lauder_n contra_fw-la shoarswood_n the_o like_a be_v find_v late_o in_o a_o disposition_n of_o some_o ackers_n of_o land_n to_o thomas_n kincaid_n chirurgeon_n five_o a_o assignation_n take_v by_o a_o debtor_n in_o name_n of_o his_o creditor_n for_o his_o creditor_n relief_n as_o cautioner_n for_o he_o intimate_fw-la by_o the_o debtor_n be_v find_v effectual_a without_o delivery_n january_n 18._o 1677._o dick_n of_o grange_n contra_fw-la oliphant_n of_o gask_n february_n 24._o 1680._o john_n mclurg_n contra_fw-la william_n blackwood_n the_o like_a be_v find_v where_o the_o debtor_n take_v a_o bond_n in_o name_n of_o his_o creditor_n which_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v for_o that_o creditor_n satisfaction_n security_n and_o not_o in_o trust_n and_o not_o affectable_a by_o arrestment_n for_o the_o procurer_n debt_n before_o it_o be_v deliver_v july_n 12._o 1677._o mr._n john_n bain_n contra_fw-la mcmillan_n but_o where_o the_o bond_n be_v take_v blank_a and_o arrestment_n lay_v on_o before_o it_o be_v fill_v up_o with_o the_o creditor_n name_n or_o deliver_v to_o he_o the_o arrester_n be_v prefer_v february_n 27._o 1678._o campbel_n and_o cunninghame_n contra_fw-la mr._n john_n bain_n and_o mcmillan_n delivery_n be_v not_o presume_v of_o bond_n of_o provision_n to_o child_n in_o the_o family_n in_o competition_n with_o creditor_n though_o their_o debt_n be_v posterior_n to_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bond_n of_o provision_n unless_o the_o delivery_n thereof_o be_v prove_v anterior_a to_o the_o debt_n otherwise_o creditor_n will_v be_v most_o unsecure_a by_o parent_n make_v large_a bond_n of_o provision_n which_o they_o ordinary_o keep_v by_o they_o which_o will_v not_o be_v extend_v to_o bond_n take_v from_o debtor_n in_o the_o name_n of_o child_n or_o wherein_o they_o be_v substitute_n these_o not_o be_v latent_fw-la but_o know_v to_o the_o debtor_n but_o the_o simple_a prove_v the_o have_v of_o write_v after_o citation_n be_v sufficient_a to_o infer_v the_o conclusion_n unless_o the_o lawful_a cause_n be_v allege_v in_o the_o defence_n and_o prove_v and_o the_o have_v of_o write_v though_o of_o great_a importance_n be_v probable_a by_o witness_n 15._o under_o the_o obligation_n of_o restitution_n be_v comprehend_v the_o obligation_n of_o division_n whereby_o what_o we_o possess_v in_o common_a with_o other_o or_o indistinct_a from_o that_o which_o they_o possess_v we_o be_v natural_o oblige_v to_o divide_v it_o with_o they_o whensoever_o they_o desire_v to_o quit_v that_o communion_n for_o thereby_o we_o restore_v what_o be_v their_o own_o and_o we_o be_v not_o oblige_v thereto_o by_o any_o contract_n or_o delinquence_n it_o be_v true_a the_o contract_n for_o society_n include_v the_o obligement_n to_o divide_v after_o the_o society_n be_v end_v but_o communion_n fall_v many_o time_n where_o there_o be_v no_o society_n or_o contract_n as_o by_o succession_n legacy_n gift_n etc._n etc._n hence_o arise_v these_o three_o action_n frequent_a in_o the_o roman_a law_n main_o because_o heretage_n do_v then_o befall_v to_o the_o near_a degree_n of_o agnat_n as_o now_o it_o do_v not_o viz._n actio_fw-la familiae_fw-la hersiscundae_fw-la actio_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la dividendo_fw-la &_o actio_fw-la de_fw-la finibus_fw-la regundis_fw-la the_o first_o be_v the_o division_n of_o that_o which_o fall_v by_o succession_n the_o second_o for_o division_n of_o that_o which_o be_v otherwise_o common_a the_o three_o for_o distinction_n or_o clear_v the_o march_n of_o contiguous_a ground_n in_o these_o either_o party_n may_v be_v pursuer_fw-mi and_o he_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v pursuer_fw-mi who_o do_v first_o provoke_v to_o judgement_n but_o because_o they_o do_v chief_o concern_v immovable_a or_o ground_n right_n we_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o here_o of_o they_o title_n viii_o recompense_n 1._o recompense_n or_o remuneration_n a_o natural_a obligation_n 2._o obligatione_fw-la negotiorum_fw-la gestorum_fw-la 3._o actio_fw-la directa_fw-la &_o contraria_fw-la de_fw-la negotiis_fw-la gestis_fw-la 4._o the_o diligence_n of_o negotiator_n 5._o the_o natural_a obligement_n to_o recompense_n in_o quantum_fw-la locupletiores_fw-la facti_fw-la sumus_fw-la 6._o actio_fw-la de_fw-la in_o rem_fw-la verso_fw-it 7._o relief_n due_a to_o these_o who_o satisfy_v obligation_n whereby_o more_o person_n be_v liable_a in_o eosdem_fw-la 1._o the_o obligation_n of_o remuneration_n or_o recompense_n be_v that_o bond_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n obliege_v to_o do_v one_o good_a deed_n for_o another_o and_o it_o comprehend_v first_o all_o obligation_n of_o gratitude_n which_o be_v general_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o nation_n and_o the_o breach_n thereof_o be_v abhor_v si_fw-la ingratum_fw-la dixeris_fw-la omne_fw-la dixeris_fw-la yet_o because_o the_o complaint_n of_o ingratitude_n be_v so_o frequent_a and_o unclear_a every_o one_o esteem_v high_o of_o the_o demerit_n of_o his_o own_o action_n therefore_o most_o of_o they_o be_v lay_v aside_o without_o any_o legal_a remedy_n for_o that_o which_o be_v do_v animo_fw-la donandi_fw-la though_o it_o do_v induce_v a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o mind_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o receiver_n to_o be_v thankful_a yet_o do_v not_o bind_v to_o the_o like_a liberality_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n but_o in_o few_o case_n as_o a_o master_n gift_v liberty_n upon_o this_o ground_n do_v put_v a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o servant_n
law_n for_o such_o till_o the_o edict_n of_o the_o praetor_n quod_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la gestum_fw-la erat_fw-la ratum_fw-la non_fw-la habebo_fw-la l._n 1._o ff_n quod_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la but_o by_o that_o edict_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n such_o deed_n and_o obligation_n as_o be_v by_o force_n and_o fear_n be_v make_v utter_o void_a though_o in_o equity_n the_o effect_n almost_o will_v be_v the_o same_o for_o see_v the_o delinquence_n do_v by_o extortion_n oblige_v to_o reparation_n if_o any_o shall_v be_v pursue_v upon_o a_o extort_a obligation_n he_o will_v have_v the_o exception_n of_o compensation_n upon_o the_o obligement_n of_o reparation_n and_o so_o may_v also_o by_o action_n obtain_v such_o obligation_n or_o other_o right_a to_o be_v annul_v this_o edict_n be_v not_o competent_a upon_o every_o force_n or_o fear_n but_o first_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v unlawful_a l._n 3._o §_o 1._o ff_n quod_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la second_o such_o as_o may_v befall_v a_o constant_a man_n as_o of_o life_n l._n 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o ff_n l._n 9_o c._n eodem_fw-la or_o torment_v of_o the_o body_n l._n 4._o c._n eodem_fw-la or_o of_o bondage_n l._n 8._o §_o 1._o ff_n eodem_fw-la or_o the_o loss_n of_o estate_n l._n 9_o ff_n quod_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la or_o infamy_n or_o disgrace_n l._n 8._o §_o 2._o ff_n eodem_fw-la or_o of_o bond_n and_o prison_n l._n 22._o ff_n eodem_fw-la but_o only_o unlawful_a and_o private_a and_o not_o public_a imprisonment_n l._n 3._o §_o 1._o ff_n eodem_fw-la it_o be_v not_o competent_a upon_o reverential_a fear_n l._n 8._o ff_n l._n 6._o c._n eodem_fw-la nor_o upon_o fear_n contract_v upon_o power_n and_o dignity_n d._n l._n 6._o nor_o of_o threat_n l._n 9_o c._n eodem_fw-la except_o they_o be_v from_o powerful_a person_n l._n 23._o §_o 1._o quod_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la the_o effect_n of_o the_o edict_n be_v be_v pursue_v within_o a_o year_n unless_o reparation_n be_v make_v before_o sentence_n the_o party_n be_v condemn_v in_o the_o quadruple_a and_o the_o penalty_n be_v triple_a and_o apply_v to_o the_o injure_v and_o after_o the_o year_n simple_a reparation_n l._n 14._o §_o 1._o ff_n eodem_fw-la our_o custom_n go_v much_o along_o with_o the_o course_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o this_o but_o so_o as_o not_o bind_v thereby_o respect_v most_o when_o the_o true_a reciprocal_a cause_n of_o the_o obligation_n or_o deed_n be_v force_n or_o fear_v not_o be_v vain_a or_o foolish_a fear_n and_o it_o be_v competent_a ordinary_o by_o way_n of_o action_n or_o sometime_o by_o exception_n spot_n exception_n tenant_n of_o cockburns-path_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o home_n it_o be_v eleided_a by_o a_o judicial_a ratification_n of_o the_o deed_n upon_o oath_n july_n 4._o 1642._o agnes_n graham_n contra_fw-la anthony_n balvaird_n extortion_n be_v more_o easy_o sustain_v in_o deed_n of_o weak_a person_n and_o therefore_o extortion_n be_v find_v relevant_a to_o reduce_v a_o disposition_n by_o a_o facile_a weak_a person_n who_o be_v apprehend_v by_o the_o purchaser_n upon_o a_o caption_n of_o a_o three_o party_n and_o detain_v by_o his_o servant_n and_o officer_n and_o not_o by_o messenger_n and_o keep_v latent_fw-la in_o obscure_a house_n and_o carry_v from_o place_n to_o place_n in_o the_o night_n till_o he_o subscribe_v a_o disposition_n of_o his_o whole_a estate_n for_o a_o cause_n not_o near_o the_o three_o of_o its_o value_n albeit_o there_o be_v produce_v a_o cancel_v minute_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n with_o the_o disposition_n in_o question_n wherein_o the_o two_o actor_n of_o the_o force_n be_v witness_n insert_v but_o the_o disponer_n name_n nor_o no_o part_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v but_o a_o lacerate_v place_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v cancel_v without_o any_o anterior_a adminicle_n to_o astruct_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o january_n 10._o 1677._o sir_n archibald_n stuart_n of_o castlemilk_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n whitefoord_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o hamiltoun_n extortion_n fall_v most_o to_o be_v controvert_v in_o deed_n do_v by_o wife_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o deed_n be_v extreme_o to_o their_o prejudice_n and_o to_o the_o behoof_n of_o their_o husband_n it_o be_v presume_v as_o do_v ex_fw-la reverentia_fw-la maritali_fw-la thus_o a_o wife_n discharge_v of_o her_o whole_a contract_n be_v find_v null_n without_o allege_v any_o compulsion_n january_n 9_o 1623._o marshel_n contra_fw-la marshel_n but_o ordinary_o marital_a reverence_n be_v not_o sufficient_a though_o the_o husband_n be_v vir_fw-la foerox_n and_o be_v thereafter_o divorce_v hope_n husband_n and_o wife_n hepburn_n contra_fw-la nasmith_n in_o the_o case_n of_o wife_n disposition_n or_o consent_v to_o their_o husband_n disposition_n it_o be_v find_v relevant_a to_o reduce_v the_o same_o that_o the_o wife_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o subscribe_v before_o the_o witness_n declare_v that_o she_o be_v compel_v provide_v that_o a_o three_o party_n a_o stranger_n to_o the_o husband_n fault_n be_v restore_v nicol._n de_o his_o quae_fw-la vi_fw-la lady_n cockpen_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o conheath_n it_o be_v also_o find_v relevant_a to_o reduce_v a_o wife_n consent_n to_o her_o husband_n disposition_n because_o before_o he_o have_v beat_v menace_v and_o extrude_v she_o for_o not_o consent_v but_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o wife_n appear_v well_o content_a at_o the_o subscription_n witness_n be_v examine_v hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la ex_fw-la officio_fw-la for_o trial_n of_o the_o truth_n june_n 27._o 1632._o cassie_n contra_fw-la fleming_n but_o where_o a_o husband_n be_v prove_v to_o be_v vir_fw-la foerox_n and_o that_o he_o do_v threaten_v his_o wife_n to_o do_v the_o deed_n in_o question_n and_o that_o she_o appear_v to_o the_o witness_n unwilling_a the_o time_n of_o the_o subscription_n it_o be_v find_v relevant_a june_n 24._o 1664._o woodhead_n contra_fw-la barbara_n nairn_n but_o a_o wife_n subscribe_v her_o husband_n testament_n contain_v provision_n prejudicial_a to_o her_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v not_o repone_v as_o have_v do_v it_o ex_fw-la reverentia_fw-la maritali_fw-la at_o her_o husband_n desire_n who_o be_v moribundus_fw-la he_o have_v lie_v long_o sick_a and_o she_o have_v marry_v within_o a_o year_n thereafter_o and_o the_o deed_n do_v to_o her_o only_a daughter_n january_n 24._o 1674._o marjory_n murray_n and_o michael_n jaffray_n contra_fw-la isobel_n murray_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n extortion_n will_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o presume_v and_o sustain_v in_o the_o deed_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v weak_a and_o infirm_a of_o judgement_n or_o courage_n then_o of_o these_o who_o be_v know_v and_o confident_a and_o more_o easy_o in_o deed_n and_o obligation_n gratuitous_a and_o free_a then_o in_o such_o as_o be_v for_o a_o onerous_a cause_n which_o will_v not_o easy_o be_v annul_v unless_o manifest_a lesion_n do_v appear_v or_o that_o the_o compulsion_n be_v very_o evident_a yet_o the_o resignation_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o mortoun_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o king_n james_n the_o five_o be_v reduce_v because_o the_o resigner_n be_v then_o imprison_v by_o the_o king_n without_o any_o visible_a cause_n and_o be_v discharge_v the_o same_o day_n he_o make_v the_o resignation_n sinclar_n april_n 12._o 1543._o earl_n of_o mortoun_n contra_fw-la the_o queen_n metus_fw-la be_v sustain_v to_o reduce_v a_o bond_n grant_v by_o a_o party_n because_o he_o be_v take_v by_o caption_n be_v sick_a january_n 22._o 1667._o mr._n john_n mair_n contra_fw-la stuart_n of_o shambelly_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v to_o reduce_v a_o bond_n grant_v by_o two_o son_n for_o free_v their_o father_n who_o be_v take_v by_o a_o caption_n though_o the_o charge_n be_v suspend_v he_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o hill_n and_o menace_v on_o his_o life_n though_o the_o son_n get_v abatement_n and_o so_o there_o appear_v a_o transaction_n december_n 8._o 1671._o mcnish_n contra_fw-la spalding_n and_o farquherson_n 9_o circumvention_n signify_v the_o act_n of_o fraud_n whereby_o a_o person_n be_v induce_v to_o a_o deed_n or_o obligation_n by_o deceit_n it_o be_v call_v dolus_fw-la malus_fw-la and_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o obligation_n or_o deed_n and_o so_o not_o be_v know_v to_o the_o party_n induce_v before_o it_o can_v have_v any_o legal_a effect_n for_o he_o who_o know_v the_o snare_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v ensnare_v but_o to_o ensnare_v himself_o and_o though_o deceit_n be_v use_v yet_o where_o it_o be_v not_o deceit_n that_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o obligation_n or_o deed_n but_o the_o party_n proper_a motion_n inclination_n or_o a_o equivalent_a cause_n onerous_a it_o infer_v not_o circumvention_n so_o neither_o do_v error_n nor_o mistake_v though_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o obligation_n or_o deed_n and_o be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o err_a party_n and_o though_o if_o it_o
grant_v after_o the_o liferent_a escheat_n fall_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o donatar_a july_n 3._o 1624._o moor_n contra_fw-la hannay_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o galloway_n and_o extend_v to_o a_o tack_v or_o few_o of_o ward-land_n not_o confirm_v by_o the_o superior_a in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o donatar_n of_o the_o ward_n march_v 13._o 1627._o laird_n of_o ley_n contra_fw-la blair_n and_o extend_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o a_o procurator-fiscals_a place_n wherein_o the_o incumbent_n serve_v three_o year_n without_o interruption_n though_o his_o right_n be_v reduce_v thereafter_o and_o declare_v null_n ab_fw-la initio_fw-la february_n 17._o 1624._o thomson_n contra_fw-la law_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o one_o who_o have_v a_o posterior_n right_o of_o reversion_n first_o redeem_v and_o possess_v thereby_o as_o to_o bygone_n before_o the_o citation_n though_o he_o have_v not_o possess_v so_o long_o as_o to_o give_v he_o the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n november_n 18._o 1664._o guthrie_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o sornbeg_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v against_o a_o minor_a reduce_v upon_o minority_n and_o lesion_n yet_o the_o possessor_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o contract_n be_v secure_a as_o to_o bygon_n before_o citation_n here_o there_o be_v a_o probable_a cause_n of_o contract_n for_o a_o onerous_a consideration_n though_o not_o full_o equivalent_a february_n 16._o 1666._o earl_n of_o wintoun_n contra_fw-la countess_n of_o wintoun_n upon_o this_o title_n a_o tennent_n be_v liberat_fw-la from_o remove_v upon_o a_o warn_n by_o a_o fire_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n the_o liferenter_fw-la in_o respect_n he_o set_v the_o tack_v without_o mention_n of_o his_o liferent_a and_o be_v repute_v fire_n and_o therefore_o the_o son_n be_v put_v to_o a_o new_a warning_n february_n 16._o 1669._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la harper_n possession_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la be_v find_v to_o liberat_fw-la a_o appryzer_n from_o be_v countable_a to_o the_o other_o appryzer_n within_o year_n and_o day_n july_n 17._o 1675._o bailzie_n baird_n contra_fw-la bailzie_n johnstoun_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v against_o the_o donatar_n of_o forefaulture_n january_n 28._o 1679._o laird_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la lady_n heslehead_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v upon_o a_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n whereby_o the_o rent_n be_v to_o be_v impute_v in_o satisfaction_n both_o of_o the_o principal_a and_o annual_a february_n 8._o 1676._o margaret_n scrimzour_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o northesk_n yea_o it_o be_v sustain_v though_o the_o possessor_n title_n be_v forge_v he_o be_v a_o singular_a successor_n not_o accessary_a to_o or_o conscious_a of_o the_o forgery_n even_o after_o improbation_n of_o his_o title_n be_v propon_v by_o exception_n but_o not_o sustain_v but_o reserve_v by_o way_n of_o action_n in_o which_o the_o title_n be_v find_v false_a yet_o the_o bona_fw-la fides_fw-la be_v extend_v to_o the_o rend_v spend_v till_o he_o be_v put_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la by_o probation_n of_o the_o forgery_n but_o he_o be_v find_v liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la lucratus_fw-la for_o get_v more_o price_n for_o the_o land_n in_o question_n than_o he_o pay_v to_o his_o author_n therefore_o december_n 10._o 1677._o dick_n of_o grange_n contra_fw-la sir_n laurance_n oliphant_n but_o no_o unlawful_a possession_n be_v valid_a in_o this_o case_n if_o it_o be_v vicious_a violent_a clandestine_v or_o momentany_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o evident_a when_o a_o possession_n be_v account_v momentany_a sure_a little_a time_n will_v suffice_v in_o movable_n but_o in_o land_n more_o time_n be_v require_v a_o year_n or_o term_n or_o less_o time_n may_v suffice_v this_o right_n be_v different_a from_o the_o possessory_a judgement_n competent_a upon_o infeftment_n which_o require_v long_a time_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n tack_n or_o the_o like_a we_o shall_v speak_v thereof_o in_o that_o place_n if_o the_o possession_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o colourable_a title_n though_o perhaps_o null_a in_o itself_o upon_o informality_n in_o the_o law_n requisite_a or_o upon_o inhibition_n interdiction_n or_o want_v of_o power_n in_o the_o grant_a it_o be_v effectual_a yet_o when_o by_o a_o common_a or_o know_a law_n the_o title_n be_v void_a material_o in_o this_o case_n the_o possessor_n be_v not_o esteem_v to_o possess_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la it_o be_v so_o evident_a ignorantia_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la excusat_fw-la as_o if_o a_o relict_n shall_v possess_v land_n or_o other_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v by_o her_o husband_n death_n within_o year_n and_o day_n november_n 16._o 1633._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_n hereby_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o possession_n have_v much_o in_o it_o dictinct_a and_o several_a from_o fact_n and_o therefore_o it_o stand_v in_o place_n of_o a_o title_n in_o ejection_n and_o spuilzy_n 25._o by_o the_o canon_n law_n allow_v by_o our_o custom_n possessor_n decennalis_fw-la &_o triennalis_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la docere_fw-la de_fw-la titulo_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o causa_fw-la salsi_fw-la whereupon_o prebendar_n be_v assoilzy_v from_o production_n in_o a_o improbation_n of_o their_o provision_n hope_v improb_n bishop_n of_o galloway_n contra_fw-la the_o prebendar_n of_o the_o chappel-royal_a but_o this_o hold_v not_o in_o reduction_n where_o the_o title_n be_v suppose_v but_o crave_v to_o be_v reduce_v upon_o a_o better_a right_n as_o when_o the_o debate_n be_v who_o have_v the_o right_a of_o patronage_n earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la drummellier_n july_n 24._o 1622._o earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la bishop_n of_o glasgow_n for_o in_o these_o case_n a_o ecclesiastical_a person_n title_n be_v to_o be_v reduce_v in_o consequentiam_fw-la with_o the_o patron_n title_n which_o have_v not_o this_o privilege_n but_o this_o possession_n must_v be_v as_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_v a_o part_n of_o a_o benefice_n and_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n and_o therefore_o the_o possession_n of_o land_n by_o tolerance_n be_v find_v probable_a by_o witness_n to_o elide_v thirteen_o year_n possession_n thereof_o by_o a_o minister_n who_o pretend_v to_o it_o as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o glibe_n minister_n of_o contra_fw-la duke_n of_o bucleugh_n and_o if_o the_o churchmen_n title_n can_v be_v find_v their_o possession_n will_v be_v ascribe_v thereto_o and_o regulate_v thereby_o and_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n of_o dumblain_n as_o dean_n of_o the_o chapel-royal_a have_v long_o possess_v ten_o chalder_n of_o victual_n as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o benefice_n there_o be_v find_v a_o mortification_n of_o that_o victual_n by_o the_o king_n bear_v the_o king_n to_o have_v have_v right_a by_o disposition_n from_o another_o and_o that_o other_o right_o be_v produce_v do_v bear_v reversion_n in_o the_o body_n thereof_o for_o seven_o thousand_o mark_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n when_o the_o bishop_n be_v suppress_v and_o his_o grant_n of_o redemption_n thereupon_o voluntary_o without_o a_o order_n or_o sentence_n the_o churchmen_n possession_n more_o than_o thirteen_o year_n before_o the_o redemption_n and_o thirteen_o year_n after_o the_o redemption_n be_v elide_v by_o the_o reverse_n right_o and_o redemption_n neither_o do_v the_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la after_o the_o reformation_n declare_v ten_o year_n possession_n of_o kirk_n land_n before_o the_o reformation_n and_o thirty_o year_n after_o to_o import_v a_o right_a sustain_v this_o churchman_n possession_n that_o act_n be_v only_o for_o fews_n grant_v by_o churchman_n not_o for_o right_n grant_v to_o churchman_n july_n 7._o 1676._o bishop_n of_o dumblain_n contra_fw-la francis_n kinloch_n and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o thirteen_o year_n possession_n of_o viccarage_n by_o a_o minister_n do_v not_o prefer_v he_o to_o a_o tacksman_n where_o the_o minister_n title_n be_v a_o decreet_a of_o locality_n produce_v and_o not_o contain_v the_o teind_n in_o question_n february_n 24._o 1681_o doctor_n lesly_n contra_fw-la the_o minister_n of_o glenmuck_n this_o right_n in_o favour_n of_o churchman_n be_v by_o a_o rule_n of_o chancelary_a of_o rome_n which_o have_v be_v continue_v after_o reformation_n as_o be_v convenient_a that_o less_o time_n and_o title_n shall_v give_v right_a to_o the_o church_n benefice_n who_o mortification_n may_v be_v easy_o lose_v or_o suppress_v than_o other_o right_n there_o be_v also_o another_o rule_n in_o the_o chancelary_a that_o triennalis_fw-la pacificus_fw-la possessor_n beneficii_fw-la est_fw-la inde_fw-la securus_fw-la this_o rule_n give_v not_o right_a to_o the_o church_n but_o prefer_v one_o churchman_n to_o another_o if_o he_o continue_v to_o possess_v three_o year_n without_o interruption_n though_o he_o can_v not_o defend_v by_o his_o right_n there_o be_v a_o three_o benefit_n by_o possession_n of_o benefice_n and_o stipend_n by_o seven_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n whereby_o they_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o possessory_a judgement_n and_o can_v be_v call_v in_o question_n but_o by_o reduction_n or_o declarator_n and_o
be_v the_o real_a charter_n yea_o it_o be_v not_o like_a they_o will_v reject_v a_o bond_n obliedge_v to_o grant_v such_o infeftment_n albeit_o it_o do_v not_o de_fw-mi presenti_fw-la dispone_fw-la as_o a_o sufficient_a adminicle_n to_o sustain_v a_o seasine_n where_o they_o have_v be_v 40_o year_n possession_n although_o prescription_n be_v not_o complete_v by_o immediate_a subsequent_a seasine_n or_o uninterrupted_a possession_n the_o party_n make_v faith_n that_o he_o do_v not_o keep_v up_o or_o conceal_v any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o investiture_n which_o will_v sufficient_o take_v off_o the_o presumption_n of_o fraudful_a conceal_n or_o away-putting_a the_o immediate_a warrant_n of_o the_o seasine_a which_o may_v afford_v defence_n to_o the_o other_o party_n for_o even_o in_o a_o recent_a case_n of_o the_o infeftment_n of_o a_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a her_o seasine_n be_v sustain_v upon_o production_n of_o her_o contract_n of_o marriage_n albeit_o the_o seasine_a proceed_v upon_o a_o bond_n grant_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n january_n 29._o 1665._o mr._n george_n norvil_n advocate_n contra_fw-la margaret_n sunter_n where_o nothing_o be_v allege_v of_o long_a possession_n see_v what_o be_v find_v november_n 22._o 1628._o clappertoun_n contra_fw-la hoome_n hope_v seasine_n murray_n of_o philliphaugh_n contra_fw-la schaw_n grace_n contra_fw-la finlayson_n there_o can_v be_v less_o question_n if_o the_o seasine_a relate_v to_o a_o precept_n apart_o and_o do_v not_o bear_v whether_o the_o precept_n proceed_v upon_o a_o charter_n disposition_n alienation_n or_o bond_n for_o then_o the_o production_n of_o any_o of_o these_o will_v adminiculat_fw-la the_o seazine_n seasine_n within_o burgh_n for_o serve_v of_o heir_n by_o hesp_n and_o staple_n by_o the_o immemorial_n custom_n and_o privilege_n of_o burgh_n be_v give_v by_o the_o town-clerk_n do_v prove_v sufficient_o both_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n that_o the_o same_o be_v cognosce_v and_o seasine_n give_v according_o without_o necessity_n of_o any_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n but_o in_o seasine_n of_o original_a right_n of_o conveyance_n to_o singular_a successor_n will_v not_o be_v sustain_v by_o seasine_n by_o the_o town_n clerk_n without_o adminicle_n as_o to_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n as_o be_v find_v in_o a_o infeftment_n from_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n bear_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o father_n resignation_n february_n 11._o 1681._o francis_n irw_v contra_fw-la corsan_fw-la june_n 21._o 1672._o william_n mitchel_n contra_fw-la thomas_n cowie_n seasine_n propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la when_o either_o the_o superior_a himself_o do_v give_v seasine_n to_o his_o vassal_n acturney_n or_o when_o the_o superior_n bailie_n by_o his_o precept_n give_v seasine_n to_o the_o vassal_n himself_o be_v present_a and_o accept_v or_o when_o the_o superior_a immediate_o give_v seasine_n to_o the_o vassal_n in_o these_o case_n the_o nottar_n warrant_v be_v sufficient_o instruct_v by_o the_o seasine_a and_o by_o the_o disposition_n contract_n of_o alienation_n or_o bond_n or_o when_o the_o seasine_a be_v propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la secundum_fw-la cartam_fw-la conficiendam_fw-la if_o a_o charter_n thereafter_o make_v beshow_v as_o a_o seasine_a propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n reserve_v the_o father_n liferent_a be_v find_v valid_a against_o a_o second_o wife_n infeftment_n grant_v for_o a_o competent_a tocher_n be_v adminiculat_fw-la by_o a_o bond_n grant_v by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o same_o date_n with_o the_o seasine_a obliedge_v he_o to_o warrant_v the_o same_o february_n 11._o 1669._o buchan_n contra_fw-la tait_n yea_o a_o seasine_a propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la by_o a_o superior_a contain_v resignation_n accept_v by_o the_o superior_a and_o immediate_o seasine_a give_v propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la be_v sustain_v without_o any_o warrant_n subscribe_v by_o the_o superior_a but_o by_o the_o vassal_n disposition_n contain_v procuratorie_n of_o resignation_n there_o be_v no_o more_o solemn_a infeftment_n in_o competition_n januarie_n 17._o 1672._o john_n young_z contra_fw-la thomson_n but_o as_o to_o seasines_n propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la by_o husband_n to_o their_o wife_n in_o contemplation_n of_o marriage_n either_o before_o marriage_n where_o marriage_n follow_v or_o after_o marriage_n have_v no_o adminicle_n but_o the_o marriage_n the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o different_a case_n have_v sometime_o sustain_v they_o when_o they_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o party_n and_o not_o exorbitant_a and_o where_o the_o question_n be_v only_o with_o the_o husband_n heir_n nou._n 22._o 1628._o clappertown_n contra_fw-la hoom._n june_n 19_o 1668._o relict_n of_o wallace_n of_o galrigs_n contra_n his_o heir_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v instruct_v that_o about_o that_o time_n the_o wife_n have_v dispone_v to_o her_o husband_n her_o jointure_n by_o a_o former_a marriage_n but_o such_o seasine_n be_v easy_o improven_v if_o they_o be_v not_o assert_v by_o the_o witness_n insert_v as_o in_o the_o last_o case_n the_o heir_n insist_v in_o improbation_n there_o be_v four_o witness_n in_o the_o seasine_a two_o of_o they_o depone_v they_o be_v not_o witness_n thereto_o the_o three_o remember_v not_o the_o four_o be_v positive_a for_o it_o and_o the_o nottar_n offer_v to_o depone_v that_o it_o be_v true_a yet_o have_v no_o adminicle_n his_o oath_n be_v not_o take_v and_o the_o seasine_a be_v improven_v but_o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o adminicle_n the_o nottar_n and_o one_o of_o the_o witness_n be_v positive_a the_o seasine_a will_v not_o have_v be_v improven_v for_o where_o there_o be_v a_o warrant_n mediate_v or_o immediate_a provide_v a_o seasine_a to_o be_v give_v quid_fw-la fieri_fw-la debet_fw-la facile_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o the_o witness_n not_o remember_v will_v hardly_o improve_v such_o seasines_n unless_o their_o testimony_n be_v positive_a give_v special_a circumstance_n of_o their_o remembrance_n as_o be_v in_o such_o another_o country_n or_o far_o distant_a place_n at_o that_o time_n if_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o be_v otherways_o astruct_v but_o the_o general_a denial_n to_o be_v witness_n can_v import_v no_o more_o but_o non_fw-la memini_fw-la and_o therefore_o a_o adminicle_n in_o write_v with_o the_o protocol_n or_o oath_n of_o the_o nottar_n if_o he_o be_v alive_a and_o especial_o if_o possession_n follow_v for_o some_o time_n these_o will_v strongly_a approve_v than_o the_o not_o remembrance_n or_o general_a denial_n of_o the_o witness_n insert_v will_v improve_v but_o this_o dip_v upon_o a_o general_a question_n the_o side_n instrumentorum_fw-la we_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o it_o in_o this_o place_n nor_o of_o the_o admission_n and_o qualification_n of_o nottar_n as_o to_o which_o craig_n relate_v the_o custom_n of_o france_n which_o be_v not_o then_o nor_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v here_o allow_v but_o certain_o more_o exactness_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o admission_n of_o nottar_n not_o only_o as_o to_o their_o skill_n but_o as_o to_o their_o reputation_n of_o honesty_n and_o fidelity_n and_o the_o least_o want_n or_o weaken_n of_o these_o shall_v turn_v they_o out_o for_o the_o introduction_n of_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o nottar_n be_v not_o only_o because_o of_o old_a few_o can_v write_v and_o the_o impression_n of_o seal_n be_v easy_o imitat_fw-la yea_o even_o such_o rude_a subscription_n there_o be_v some_o in_o justinian_n time_n who_o can_v so_o artificial_o imitat_fw-la another_o hand_n write_v that_o himself_o can_v not_o know_v it_o or_o dare_v swear_v it_o be_v not_o his_o write_n and_o therefore_o he_o introduce_v two_o remeed_n that_o private_a write_v shall_v not_o prove_v by_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o party_n unless_o that_o there_o be_v three_o subscribe_v witness_n know_v he_o party_n contracter_n or_o that_o there_o be_v three_o witness_n who_o depone_v anent_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o deed_n or_o otherways_o that_o write_v be_v make_v in_o public_a by_o a_o public_a person_n which_o at_o first_o be_v only_o do_v judicial_o but_o thereafter_o extrajudicial_o by_o a_o nottar-publick_a but_o our_o custom_n have_v return_v to_o private_a write_v and_o 〈◊〉_d not_o the_o instrument_n of_o nottar_n but_o where_o they_o be_v adminiculat_fw-la by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o case_n where_o party_n can_v write_v and_o then_o in_o matter_n of_o importance_n two_o nottar_n and_o four_o witness_n be_v necessary_a by_o special_a statute_n but_o this_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o seasine_n but_o only_o to_o the_o subscription_n of_o nottar_n for_o party_n february_n 11._o 1669._o buchan_n contra_fw-la tait_n julie_n 5._o 〈◊〉_d bishop_n of_o aberdeen_n contra_fw-la viscount_n of_o kenmuir_n yet_o in_o some_o case_n of_o small_a importance_n instrument_n of_o nottar_n be_v probative_a and_o in_o all_o case_n where_o witness_n will_v prove_v it_o do_v much_o fortify_v the_o same_o that_o they_o be_v witness_n require_v and_o instrument_n of_o a_o nottar_n take_v thereupon_o for_o then_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o nottar_n astruct_v by_o
possession_n as_o a_o base_a infeftment_n by_o father_n to_o their_o child_n be_v not_o sustain_v by_o the_o father_n possession_n who_o liferent_a be_v reserve_v therein_o june_n 26._o 1634._o dury_n contra_fw-la bruce_n but_o a_o posterior_n base_a infeftment_n to_o the_o wife_n be_v prefer_v in_o this_o case_n as_o be_v clad_v with_o the_o husband_n possession_n though_o common_a author_n to_o both_o the_o son_n and_o wife_n the_o like_a of_o a_o base_a infeftment_n grant_v by_o a_o goodsire_n to_o his_o oy_fw-it reserve_v the_o goodsires_n liferent_a july_n 3._o 1624._o earl_n of_o annandale_n contra_fw-la johnstoun_n and_o a_o infeftment_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n be_v not_o find_v clad_v with_o possession_n by_o the_o father_n possession_n though_o he_o have_v a_o factory_a from_o the_o son_n but_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o the_o father_n have_v grant_v discharge_v express_o relate_v to_o the_o factory_a july_n 10._o 1669._o gardner_n contra_fw-la colvil_n yet_o in_o the_o competition_n of_o two_o base_a infeftment_n the_o former_a be_v grant_v to_o a_o stranger_n for_o relief_n of_o caution_n and_o the_o latter_a grant_v to_o a_o son_n and_o appearand_a heir_n for_o relief_n of_o his_o caution_n exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n the_o son_n base_a infeftment_n though_o posterior_n have_v first_o attain_v possession_n and_o be_v without_o all_o suspicion_n of_o simulation_n be_v prefer_v and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n be_v in_o the_o same_o case_n with_o warrandice_n land_n where_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o principal_a land_n be_v fictione_n juris_fw-la a_o possession_n of_o the_o warrandice_n land_n these_o infeftment_n be_v less_o subject_a to_o fraud_n or_o uncertainty_n than_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n which_o relate_v to_o personal_a debt_n and_o ofttimes_o general_o to_o all_o debt_n or_o cautionry_n contract_v or_o to_o be_v contract_v which_o debt_n may_v be_v retire_v and_o keep_v up_o and_o make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o infeftment_n for_o relief_n june_n 26._o 1677._o mr._n john_n inglis_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o eastbarns_n infeftment_n base_a to_o wife_n not_o be_v upon_o their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n or_o in_o place_n thereof_o be_v not_o hold_v as_o clad_v with_o possession_n by_o the_o husband_n possession_n 28._o infeftment_n by_o confirmation_n do_v not_o only_o require_v a_o charter_n from_o the_o disponer_n bear_v the_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o superior_a and_o seasine_n thereupon_o but_o require_v also_o the_o superior_n confirmation_n till_o which_o it_o be_v no_o real_a right_n but_o null_n but_o whensoever_o the_o confirmation_n be_v add_v the_o right_o become_v valid_a from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o infeftment_n confirm_v as_o to_o the_o right_n of_o property_n and_o as_o to_o the_o superior_n casualty_n and_o therefore_o a_o infeftment_n ase_a not_o confirm_v be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n though_o clad_v with_o some_o year_n possession_n december_n 4._o 1623._o patton_n contra_fw-la stuart_n and_o find_v null_n though_o the_o confirmation_n be_v past_o the_o privy_a seal_n hope_v confirmation_n hunter_n contra_fw-la dalgleish_n and_o also_o find_v null_a in_o a_o annualrent_n hold_v from_o the_o disponer_n not_o confirm_v hope_n confirmation_n lord_n balmerino_n contra_fw-la coatfield_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o mid_a impediment_n betwixt_o the_o charter_n confirm_v and_o the_o confirmation_n it_o exclude_v the_o confirmation_n and_o whole_a right_n as_o a_o apprize_a and_o infeftment_n but_o confirmation_n of_o a_o right_n not_o bear_v to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o superior_a but_o of_o the_o vastal_n make_v it_o not_o a_o public_a infeftment_n nor_o take_v it_o away_o the_o superior_n ordinary_a casualty_n as_o ward_n but_o only_a recognition_n and_o forefaulture_n hope_n confirmation_n lady_n cathcart_n contra_fw-la vassal_n of_o cathcart_n november_n 17._o 1627._o laird_n of_o clackmannan_n contra_fw-la balnamoon_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o because_o confirmation_n constitute_v right_n hold_v of_o the_o superior_a that_o the_o first_o confirmation_n make_v the_o first_o right_o though_o it_o confirm_v a_o posterior_n infeftment_n from_o the_o vassal_n as_o be_v clear_o determine_v in_o the_o case_n of_o double_a confirmation_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n par._n 1578._o cap._n 66._o which_o be_v not_o introduce_v but_o declare_v by_o that_o act_n and_o hold_v alike_o in_o other_o confirmation_n it_o do_v of_o time_n fall_v to_o be_v doubtful_a whether_o a_o confirmation_n make_v a_o infeftment_n public_a or_o not_o when_o seasine_n be_v take_v upon_o a_o precept_n of_o seasine_n in_o a_o disposition_n which_o disposition_n contain_v obliegment_n for_o infeftment_n de_fw-fr se_fw-la &_o ase_a by_o confirmation_n but_o the_o precept_n of_o seasine_n relate_v not_o special_o to_o either_o obligement_n and_o seasine_n be_v take_v thereupon_o and_o be_v afterward_o confirm_v the_o question_n come_v whether_o this_o be_v only_o a_o confirmation_n of_o a_o base_a infeftment_n to_o exclude_v forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n or_o if_o it_o do_v make_v the_o infeftment_n public_a it_o be_v general_o construct_v as_o a_o public_a infeftment_n as_o be_v find_v july_n 5._o 1680._o bishop_n of_o aberdeen_n contra_fw-la viscount_n of_o kenmure_n 29._o infeftment_n upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n when_o formal_o perfect_v do_v require_v charter_n to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o superior_n of_o the_o apprise_v land_n or_o other_o real_a right_n the_o tenor_n whereof_o be_v already_o set_v down_o in_o this_o title_n and_o precept_n and_o seasine_n thereupon_o which_o have_v little_a peculiar_a differ_v from_o other_o infeftment_n as_o to_o their_o tenor_n and_o effect_n but_o that_o their_o reddendo_fw-la be_v ordinary_o general_a when_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n can_v prove_v or_o instruct_v the_o tenor_n of_o his_o author_n right_o and_o therefore_o do_v bear_v such_o duty_n and_o service_n as_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o author_n right_n which_o the_o superior_a may_v be_v charge_v to_o renew_v and_o make_v special_a so_o soon_o as_o the_o author_n right_n be_v produce_v and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o so_o renew_v they_o be_v understand_v as_o ward-holdings_a but_o for_o renovation_n thereof_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n will_v get_v letter_n of_o horning_n summary_o upon_o the_o allowance_n of_o the_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n which_o will_v not_o be_v exclude_v although_o the_o superior_a have_v already_o grant_v infeftment_n in_o general_a term_n as_o aforesaid_a but_o he_o must_v renew_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o special_a tenor_n of_o the_o author_n right_o produce_v and_o that_o without_o any_o new_a composition_n yea_o the_o appryzers_n heir_n upon_o supplication_n will_v obtain_v letter_n of_o horning_n summary_o for_o renew_v the_o same_o and_o so_o will_v his_o singular_a successor_n but_o they_o must_v pay_v a_o year_n rend_v for_o their_o entry_n whether_o their_o title_n be_v apprize_a or_o adjudication_n against_o the_o former_a appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n in_o which_o case_n he_o may_v make_v use_n of_o letter_n of_o horning_n upon_o the_o allowance_n of_o his_o own_o apprize_a and_o though_o his_o title_n be_v a_o voluntary_a disposition_n he_o will_v get_v letter_n of_o horning_n as_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o former_a appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n to_o renew_v and_o make_v special_a the_o former_a infeftment_n to_o his_o author_n upon_o payment_n of_o a_o year_n duty_n but_o apprize_a and_o adjudication_n be_v legal_a disposition_n and_o conveyance_n of_o the_o author_n infeftment_n we_o shall_v say_v no_o further_o of_o they_o in_o this_o place_n but_o leave_v they_o to_o the_o title_n twenty_o four_o where_o they_o be_v consider_v among_o disposition_n we_o shall_v only_o add_v here_o that_o before_o the_o year_n 1624._o appryzing_n be_v left_a at_o the_o great_a seal_n by_o warrant_n from_o the_o lord_n whence_o precept_n be_v issue_v thereupon_o against_o the_o superior_n to_o infeft_n which_o if_o they_o obey_v not_o charter_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o supply_v their_o vice_n but_o since_o they_o be_v retain_v by_o the_o appryzer_n and_o he_o may_v have_v letter_n of_o horning_n summary_o charge_v the_o superior_n to_o grant_n charter_n and_o precept_n of_o seasine_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a 30._o this_o also_o be_v singular_a in_o appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n that_o a_o real_a right_n of_o fee_n be_v constitute_v thereby_o by_o a_o charge_n of_o horning_n against_o the_o superior_a without_o charter_n or_o seasine_n for_o such_o appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n be_v declare_v effectual_a by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 62._o order_v the_o payment_n of_o debt_n betwixt_o creditor_n and_o debtor_n for_o after_o that_o charge_n no_o infeftment_n upon_o voluntary_a disposition_n or_o upon_o any_o other_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n can_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o superior_a prefer_v any_o other_o vassal_n to_o the_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n who_o he_o
horn_n these_o occur_v after_o the_o disposition_n will_v be_v upon_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o acquirer_n and_o not_o the_o author_n disponer_o but_o if_o the_o warrandice_n be_v in_o the_o superior_n charter_n burden_v himself_o it_o will_v be_v extend_v to_o all_o subsequent_a distress_n through_o his_o fault_n and_o so_o to_o recognition_n liferent-escheat_n or_o nonentry_n but_o it_o will_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n or_o other_o fault_n of_o the_o superior_n superior_a neither_o will_v it_o extend_v to_o the_o ward_n or_o the_o avail_n of_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o superior_a bind_v in_o warrandice_n fail_v thereafter_o unless_o it_o be_v so_o express_v for_o no_o provident_a man_n be_v presume_v to_o guard_v against_o these_o unless_o it_o be_v so_o express_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v little_a advantage_n by_o special_a clause_n of_o warrandice_n for_o the_o general_a clause_n reach_v all_o eviction_n from_o anteriour_a cause_n yea_o the_o effect_n be_v the_o same_o though_o there_o be_v no_o clause_n of_o warrandice_n express_v if_o the_o right_o warrant_v be_v for_o cause_n onerous_a viz._n sum_n of_o money_n or_o equivalent_a value_n unless_o by_o the_o special_a warrandice_n future_a deed_n infer_v eviction_n or_o which_o will_v not_o infer_v it_o ex_fw-la natura_fw-la rei_fw-la be_v express_v warrandice_n be_v never_o infer_v from_o infeftment_n from_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a superior_a and_o though_o they_o be_v express_v will_v have_v no_o effect_n neither_o be_v the_o warrandice_n of_o infeftment_n by_o churchman_n effectual_a against_o their_o successor_n in_o office_n yea_o express_a warrandice_n of_o feus_n or_o tack_n of_o kirk-land_n thereafter_o annex_v to_o the_o crown_n after_o the_o say_a warrandice_n do_v neither_o reach_n the_o granter_n thereof_o nor_o their_o successor_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 29._o and_o cap._n 110._o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v there_o render_v because_o the_o church-land_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o subsequent_a law_n infeftment_n do_v frequent_o bear_v condition_n reservation_n provision_n and_o exception_n which_o give_v great_a ground_n of_o debate_n which_o therefore_o must_v here_o be_v clear_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o infeftment_n may_v either_o be_v pure_a or_o conditional_a some_o condition_n be_v employ_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n and_o be_v effectual_a though_o they_o be_v not_o express_v 47._o as_o in_o ward-holdings_a the_o vassal_n can_v alienate_v without_o his_o superior_n be_v consent_v which_o a_o effectual_a resolutive_a condition_n whereby_o if_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o fee_n be_v alienate_v the_o whole_a become_v extinct_a &_o return_v to_o the_o superior_a as_o he_o give_v it_o 48._o infeftment_n of_o warrandice_n imply_v this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v take_v no_o effect_n but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o eviction_n of_o the_o principal_a land_n infeftment_n for_o relief_n of_o cautionry_n imply_v this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v no_o effect_n till_o distress_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v ceass_n by_o relief_n infeftment_n for_o satisfaction_n of_o sum_n imply_v this_o condition_n that_o the_o sum_n be_v satisfy_v they_o be_v extinct_a and_o the_o author_n infeftment_n revive_v and_o stand_v valid_a without_o necessity_n of_o renovation_n 49._o infeftment_n give_v for_o a_o particular_a office_n and_o bear_v not_o assigney_n or_o substitute_n as_o to_o be_v a_o ensign-bearer_n advocate_n or_o chaplain_n with_o land_n and_o annual_a rent_n annex_v do_v imply_v this_o condition_n that_o the_o heir_n be_v capable_a to_o exerce_fw-la these_o office_n and_o therefore_o by_o his_o inability_n they_o ceass_n unless_o they_o be_v grant_v to_o assigney_n with_o power_n of_o substitution_n in_o which_o case_n they_o may_v be_v perform_v by_o another_o 50._o infeftment_n by_o excambion_n do_v imply_v this_o tacit_n condition_n that_o if_o the_o one_o tenement_n excamb_v be_v evict_v there_o be_v recourse_n to_o the_o other_o tenement_n with_o which_o it_o be_v excamb_v for_o therein_o excambion_n or_o permutation_n differ_v from_o sale_n this_o recourse_n be_v effectual_a not_o only_o to_o the_o heir_n but_o to_o the_o singular_a successor_n of_o both_o party_n whether_o by_o voluntar_n or_o judicial_a right_n and_o therefore_o regress_n be_v sustain_v against_o a_o apprize_a prior_n to_o the_o eviction_n without_o necessity_n to_o instruct_v that_o the_o excamber_n have_v right_a when_o he_o change_v it_o be_v presume_v that_o he_o deliver_v his_o right_n to_o the_o other_o party_n and_o therefore_o a_o old_a charter_n from_o the_o king_n bearing_z the_o land_n to_o have_v be_v dispone_v in_o excambion_n for_o the_o other_o party_n land_n and_o express_v regress_n but_o without_o mention_n of_o assigney_n yet_o be_v find_v effectual_a to_o a_o singular_a successor_n july_n 14._o 1629._o laird_n of_o wairdess_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o balcomie_n in_o this_o process_n it_o be_v find_v that_o no_o person_n need_v to_o be_v cite_v but_o the_o present_a proprietar_n of_o the_o land_n excamb_v and_o the_o heir_n or_o appear_v and_o heir_n of_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o excambion_n july_n 2._o 1629._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la and_o that_o regress_n be_v effectual_a against_o a_o appryzer_n of_o the_o excamb_v land_n it_o be_v so_o decide_v december_n 21._o 1623._o earl_n of_o montrose_n contra_fw-la sir_n george_n ker._n 51._o the_o law_n do_v also_o introduce_v condition_n in_o infeftment_n which_o do_v not_o arise_v from_o their_o nature_n as_o in_o feus_n by_o the_o common_a feudal_n law_n and_o by_o special_a statute_n with_o we_o whereby_o if_o the_o feu-duty_n be_v not_o pay_v by_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n hail_n and_o together_o that_o the_o feu_n shall_v be_v extinct_a and_o lose_v parl._n 1597._o cap._n 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v therefore_o beyond_o doubt_n that_o such_o clause_n be_v effectual_a whether_o express_v or_o not_o express_v in_o the_o infeftment_n 52._o it_o be_v also_o incontrovert_v that_o liferent_n one_o or_o more_o may_v be_v effectual_o reserve_v in_o infeftment_n which_o will_v pass_v therewith_o as_o a_o real_a burden_n to_o all_o singular_a successor_n and_o needs_o no_o other_o infeftment_n 53._o infeftment_n be_v also_o sometime_o burden_v with_o the_o exception_n of_o other_o infeftment_n which_o exception_n if_o they_o be_v in_o the_o dispositive_a clause_n as_o a_o burden_n upon_o the_o infeftment_n they_o be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n 54._o infeftment_n be_v also_o frequent_o burden_v with_o faculty_n or_o power_n to_o affect_v or_o burden_v the_o land_n or_o other_o dispone_v and_o that_o either_o absolute_o at_o the_o disponers_n pleasure_n for_o such_o sum_n to_o child_n or_o creditor_n which_o clause_n be_v frequent_a in_o the_o disposition_n by_o father_n to_o their_o elder_a son_n and_o be_v very_o ample_o interpret_v against_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n though_o the_o way_n of_o burden_v may_v have_v be_v defective_a as_o by_o a_o base_a infeftment_n not_o clad_v with_o possession_n or_o by_o bond_n of_o provision_n though_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o relict_n of_o robert_n earl_n of_o carnwath_n contra_fw-la gavin_n earl_n of_o carnwath_n and_o a_o disposition_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o son_n witha_v power_n to_o burden_n with_o such_o a_o sum_n a_o bond_n grant_v thereafter_o to_o his_o daughter_n without_o mention_n of_o that_o power_n be_v find_v effectual_a against_o the_o son_n in_o so_o far_o as_o be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o the_o father_n movable_n june_n 24._o 1677._o margaret_n hopringle_n contra_fw-la george_n hopringle_n though_o these_o may_v be_v more_o strict_o interpret_v in_o the_o case_n of_o singular_a successor_n acquire_v for_o onerous_a cause_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o creditor_n of_o mouswal_n contra_fw-la the_o child_n of_o mouswal_n who_o have_v dispone_v his_o estate_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n reserve_v a_o power_n to_o himself_o to_o burden_v it_o with_o such_o a_o sum_n to_o his_o bairn_n have_v give_v they_o bond_n of_o provision_n with_o a_o base_a infeftment_n the_o same_o be_v prefer_v without_o possession_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o reservation_n to_o the_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n of_o the_o creditor_n for_o prior_n debt_n see_v he_o have_v then_o a_o estate_n sufficient_a for_o all_o his_o debt_n and_o his_o bairn_n portion_n it_o be_v no_o less_o certain_a that_o all_o the_o clause_n contain_v in_o infeftment_n be_v not_o real_a burden_n affect_v singular_a successor_n such_o as_o warrandice_n which_o only_o obliege_v the_o warrant_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v mere_o personal_a so_o than_o the_o difficulty_n remain_v what_o clause_n insert_v in_o infeftment_n be_v real_a burden_n effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n first_o then_o if_o the_o infeftment_n bear_v a_o provision_n that_o the_o person_n infeft_v shall_v pay_v such_o a_o sum_n or_o do_v such_o
exclude_v nonentry_n while_o they_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o there_o be_v also_o show_v neither_o be_v it_o exclude_v by_o tact_n set_v by_o the_o vassal_n which_o though_o they_o stand_v as_o real_a right_n against_o purchaser_n by_o statute_n yet_o have_v no_o effect_n against_o superior_n in_o prejudice_n of_o their_o proper_a casualty_n neither_o be_v it_o elide_v by_o charter_n or_o precept_n grant_v by_o the_o superior_a though_o contain_v warrandice_n till_o infeftment_n thereupon_o march_v 20._o 1630._o john_n hay_o contra_fw-la laird_n of_o achname_n neither_o be_v it_o exclude_v by_o appryse_v and_o charge_v thereupon_o without_o offer_n of_o a_o year_n rend_v of_o the_o land_n or_o annualrent_a of_o the_o money_n feb._n 3._o 1681._o hendry_n keir_n contra_fw-la hendryson_n neither_o be_v it_o exclude_v because_o the_o vassal_n be_v not_o in_o mora_fw-la be_v hinder_v by_o a_o question_n of_o bastardy_n against_o he_o spot_n nonentry_n 〈…〉_z contra_fw-la naiper_n of_o wrightshouses_n nor_o do_v the_o vassal_n minority_n stop_v nonentry_n of_o land_n not_o be_v ward_n nor_o restore_v the_o minor_a as_o lese_v for_o as_o have_v be_v now_o show_v it_o be_v not_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o vassal_n but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n that_o infer_v nonentry_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n if_o it_o be_v by_o the_o superior_n fault_n it_o will_v be_v a_o personal_a exclusion_n against_o he_o nonentry_n be_v most_o favourable_a when_o extend_v as_o to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n but_o as_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n it_o be_v capable_a of_o many_o other_o exception_n and_o do_v not_o always_o run_v from_o the_o citation_n in_o the_o general_n declarator_n as_o if_o a_o superior_a raise_v his_o declarator_n and_o also_o reduction_n of_o the_o vassal_n seasine_n though_o he_o reduce_v the_o seasine_a he_o will_v not_o have_v the_o full_a rent_n till_o the_o decreet_a of_o reduction_n and_o declarator_n novemb_n 26_o 1672._o earl_n of_o argyle_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o macleud_n yea_o if_o the_o superior_a do_v not_o insist_v but_o only_o use_v citation_n which_o may_v be_v at_o the_o vassal_n dwell_v house_n and_o never_o come_v to_o knowledge_n or_o the_o vassal_n be_v a_o pupil_n without_o any_o tutor_n it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o lord_n will_v sustain_v the_o whole_a duty_n from_o the_o citation_n but_o from_o the_o time_n the_o vassal_n become_v contumacious_a and_o queensberry_n have_v interpose_v kelhead_n betwixt_o he_o and_o his_o vassal_n who_o thereupon_o pursue_v declarator_n of_o nonentry_n though_o the_o infeftment_n be_v find_v null_a yet_o the_o disposition_n be_v find_v to_o carry_v a_o gift_n to_o the_o casualty_n of_o the_o superiority_n and_o the_o vassal_n be_v only_o find_v liable_a for_o the_o rent_n after_o the_o interloquitor_n sustain_v the_o disposition_n as_o a_o gift_n of_o nonentry_n and_o where_o a_o tailzie_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v a_o second_o branch_n so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o a_o former_a branch_n the_o land_n be_v find_v in_o nonentry_n as_o to_o the_o retoured_a mail_n but_o not_o as_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n see_v the_o heir_n do_v not_o forbear_v to_o enter_v through_o wilfulness_n but_o of_o necessity_n julie_n 24._o 1677._o lord_n melvil_n and_o david_n melvil_n his_o son_n contra_fw-la sir_n william_n bruce_n and_o where_o a_o singular_a successor_n to_o the_o superior_a pursue_v nonentry_n it_o be_v not_o sustain_v till_o he_o produce_v his_o progress_n from_o the_o acknowledge_v superior_a the_o full_a duty_n be_v not_o find_v due_a from_o the_o citation_n julie_n 18._o 1680._o earl_n of_o queensberry_n contra_fw-la irwin_n of_o cove_n and_o craig_n relate_v that_o where_o the_o defunct_a die_v in_o battle_n for_o his_o superior_a nonentry_n shall_v have_v no_o place_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o common_a exception_n which_o extinguish_v all_o right_n as_o prescription_n homologation_n or_o the_o privilege_n of_o these_o who_o be_v absent_a reipublicae_fw-la causa_fw-la as_o to_o the_o question_n whether_o nonentry_n subsequent_a to_o ward_n whereby_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n be_v in_o possession_n require_v any_o declarator_n craig_n and_o skeen_n upon_o the_o word_n nonentry_n be_v for_o the_o negative_a and_o since_o had._n and_o durie_n observe_v march_v 23._o 1622._o lesly_n contra_fw-la pitcaple_n that_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o where_o the_o superior_a pursue_v both_o for_o the_o ward_n and_o subsequent_a nonentry_n that_o he_o or_o his_o donatar_n not_o be_v in_o possession_n by_o the_o ward_n behove_v to_o declare_v the_o nonentry_n which_o will_v only_o carry_v the_o retoured_a mail_n till_o declarator_n the_o next_o casuality_n of_o the_o superiority_n be_v the_o relief_n due_a by_o the_o vassal_n to_o his_o superior_a for_o his_o enter_v he_o in_o the_o fie_o as_o the_o lawful_a successor_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o though_o relee_v be_v only_o considerable_a in_o ward-holdings_a and_o use_n to_o be_v subjoin_v to_o ward_n yet_o all_o fies_z which_o require_v renovation_n be_v liable_a to_o relief_n and_o therefore_o relief_n be_v here_o immediate_o subjoin_v to_o nonentry_n 26._o relief_n be_v general_o treat_v upon_o by_o the_o fewdists_n the_o original_a whereof_o cujace_n ascribe_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o emperor_n leo_n extant_a in_o the_o novel_n bear_v it_o to_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o several_a place_n that_o the_o superior_a shall_v have_v that_o year_n rend_v in_o which_o he_o receive_v a_o new_a vassal_n in_o his_o clientel_n which_o therefore_o by_o most_o of_o the_o feudal_n custom_n be_v extend_v to_o the_o singular_a successor_n of_o the_o vassal_n who_o in_o some_o place_n pay_v for_o their_o entry_n the_o five_o of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o fie_o and_o a_o five_o of_o that_o five_o whereby_o if_o the_o price_n be_v 100_o crown_n the_o composition_n for_o the_o entry_n will_v be_v 24._o crown_n 27._o but_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o france_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o vassal_n if_o he_o be_v minor_a pay_v no_o relief_n but_o he_o and_o his_o fie_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a as_o in_o ward_n or_o custody_n whereby_o the_o superior_a have_v the_o whole_a profit_n more_o than_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o education_n and_o entertainment_n of_o the_o minor_a valsal_n which_o cease_v with_o his_o majority_n and_o there_o be_v no_o relief_n due_a but_o if_o the_o vassal_n heir_n at_o his_o death_n be_v major_a his_o fie_o be_v liable_a to_o his_o superior_a for_o relief_n which_o distinction_n be_v mention_v in_o the_o english_a magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o quantity_n of_o the_o relief_n by_o heir_n in_o england_n be_v in_o ward-holdings_a or_o military_a fies_z 100_o pound_n sterling_a for_o a_o earldom_n 100_o mark_n for_o a_o baronry_n and_o 100_o shilling_n for_o any_o other_o military_a fie_o which_o be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v one_o soldier_n and_o if_o the_o fie_o be_v less_o and_o liable_a only_o for_o a_o share_n of_o the_o entertainment_n of_o a_o soldier_n it_o be_v liable_a proportional_o relief_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n be_v for_o a_o barony_n 100_o frank_n and_o for_o any_o other_o military_a fie_o 15._o but_o if_o it_o answer_v not_o to_o the_o entertainment_n of_o one_o soldier_n it_o pay_v for_o every_o aiker_n 12._o denier_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o military_a fie_o but_o that_o which_o the_o english_a call_v sockage_n the_o reddendo_fw-la whereof_o be_v not_o military_a service_n but_o some_o other_o payment_n or_o performance_n which_o be_v double_v the_o first_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o vassal_n the_o one_o half_a thereof_o be_v the_o relief_n which_o be_v a_o real_a burden_n for_o which_o the_o superior_a may_v poynd_v or_o distrenzie_a all_o good_n upon_o the_o ground_n but_o as_o to_o singular_a successor_n the_o most_o ancient_a feudal_n custom_n make_v they_o only_o to_o descend_v to_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o first_o vassal_n who_o collateral_n have_v no_o right_n but_o be_v like_o our_o kindly_a tenant_n by_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n yet_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o superior_a they_o be_v ofttimes_o admit_v in_o the_o lie_n and_o be_v only_o liable_a for_o relief_n if_o the_o superior_a do_v receive_v a_o stranger_n upon_o the_o resignation_n of_o his_o vassal_n he_o be_v to_o pay_v a_o relief_n which_o in_o some_o place_n be_v the_o fifty_o part_n of_o the_o price_n and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n it_o be_v the_o thirteen_o part_n from_o the_o original_a of_o relief_n the_o reason_n of_o its_o name_n may_v be_v conjecture_v and_o these_o who_o appropriate_v it_o to_o ward-holdings_a interpret_v it_o to_o be_v call_v relief_n from_o redeem_v or_o relieve_v the_o fie_v out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a but_o relief_n be_v a_o general_a feudal_n name_n and_o many_o nation_n not_o allow_v the_o
hereafter_o teind_n also_o must_v come_v in_o as_o servitude_n though_o they_o be_v account_v a_o distinct_a right_n 1._o the_o roman_a law_n divide_v personal_a servitude_n into_o usufruct_v use_v and_o habitation_n usufruct_v be_v the_o power_n of_o disposal_n of_o the_o use_n and_o fruit_n save_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o if_o it_o be_v restrain_v to_o these_o person_n and_o their_o proper_a use_n without_o make_v profit_n or_o dispone_v to_o other_o it_o be_v call_v the_o use_n and_o because_o of_o some_o special_a consideration_n in_o the_o law_n of_o that_o use_n of_o house_n habitation_n be_v a_o distinct_a servitude_n from_o other_o use_n 2._o all_o servitude_n with_o we_o come_v under_o some_o of_o the_o kind_n before_o name_v personal_a servitude_n be_v either_o constitute_v by_o the_o deed_n of_o man_n or_o by_o the_o law_n which_o provide_v a_o competent_a portion_n to_o either_o of_o the_o survive_a spouse_n out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n of_o the_o other_o during_o the_o surviver_n life_n as_o if_o the_o wife_n survive_v she_o have_v the_o three_o of_o her_o husband_n tenement_n and_o if_o the_o husband_n survive_v he_o have_v the_o liferent_a of_o the_o wife_n whole_a tenement_n and_o that_o provisione_n legis_fw-la alone_a but_o other_o liferent_n constitute_v for_o survive_a spouse_n or_o otherways_o be_v provisione_n hominis_fw-la so_o may_v the_o terce_n or_o liferent_a by_o courtesy_n be_v provide_v and_o some_o thing_n alter_v from_o the_o course_n of_o law_n but_o often_o liferent_n be_v constitute_v by_o conjunctfee_n and_o most_o ordinary_o otherways_o which_o therefore_o retain_v the_o common_a name_n of_o liferent_n appropriate_v thereto_o and_o distinct_a from_o conjunctfee_n 3._o liferent_n be_v sometime_o provide_v particular_o and_o sometime_o general_o for_o the_o whole_a or_o such_o a_o share_n of_o the_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n which_o though_o not_o fulfil_v by_o the_o husband_n in_o his_o life_n be_v effectual_a against_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v not_o account_v a_o fraudulent_a provision_n though_o it_o be_v the_o whole_a conquest_n even_o among_o merchant_n yea_o it_o be_v find_v effectual_a for_o recover_v the_o rent_n of_o the_o conquest_n land_n without_o infeftment_n against_o the_o husband_n heir_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o relict_n of_o johnstoun_n merchant_n in_o glasgow_n and_o where_o a_o husband_n purchase_v land_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n be_v then_o a_o infant_n and_o not_o to_o himself_o yet_o his_o relict_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o her_o liferent_a thereof_o as_o be_v a_o fraudulent_a deed_n in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o obligement_n of_o conquest_n july_n 3._o 1627._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o dumfermling_n her_o son_n but_o these_o provision_n of_o conquest_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o husband_n acquirer_n to_o denude_v himself_o wlthout_n fraud_n for_o any_o onerous_a or_o just_a cause_n as_o sell_v for_o a_o price_n or_o dispone_v to_o child_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o appearand_a heir_n by_o ordinary_a term_n of_o contract_n of_o marriage_n to_o young_a child_n or_o to_o wife_n of_o subsequent_a marriage_n june_n 16._o 1676._o katharin_n mitchel_n contra_fw-la the_o child_n of_o thomas_n litlejohn_n and_o such_o a_o clause_n be_v of_o all_o sum_n acquire_v during_o a_o second_o marriage_n be_v find_v to_o annul_v a_o universal_a legacy_n to_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n but_o not_o to_o annul_v competent_a provision_n to_o the_o bairn_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n june_n 19_o 1677._o murrays_n contra_fw-la murrays_n the_o like_a january_n 3._o 1679._o mr._n alexander_n gibson_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n thomson_n yea_o a_o clause_n provide_v the_o present_a stock_n and_o all_o the_o conquest_n to_o the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n whilk_n fail_v the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o man_n heir_n the_o other_o to_o the_o wife_n heir_n be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o man_n fire_n and_o not_o to_o hinder_v he_o to_o provide_v his_o whole_a mean_n which_o be_v very_o great_a to_o his_o bairn_n of_o a_o subsequent_a marriage_n there_o be_v no_o bairn_n survive_v of_o the_o former_a marriage_n december_n 1._o and_o 21._o 1680._o alexander_n anderson_n contra_fw-la andrew_n bruce_n but_o as_o to_o such_o clause_n conquest_n be_v only_o understand_v where_o the_o husband_n acquire_v more_o than_o he_o have_v the_o time_n of_o the_o clause_n but_o not_o when_o he_o sell_v some_o land_n and_o acquire_v other_o of_o no_o great_a value_n june_n 27._o 1676._o earl_n of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o callender_n yea_o a_o clause_n of_o conquest_n in_o a_o wife_n contract_n of_o marriage_n who_o be_v otherways_o sufficient_o provide_v be_v find_v to_o be_v with_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o annualrent_a of_o a_o sum_n which_o the_o husband_n declare_v under_o his_o hand_n to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o land_n acquire_v remain_v due_a to_o the_o seller_n decem._n 20._o 1665._o lady_n kilbocho_fw-es contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kilbocho_fw-es 4._o this_o be_v common_a to_o all_o kind_n of_o liferent_n and_o involve_v in_o the_o nature_n thereof_o that_o they_o must_v be_v salva_fw-la rei_fw-la substantia_fw-la which_o by_o statute_n be_v especial_o extend_v to_o conjunctfiar_n and_o liferenter_n that_o they_o must_v be_v countable_a and_o find_v surety_n not_o to_o waste_v or_o destroy_v the_o biggings_n orchard_n wood_n stank_n park_n meadow_n or_o dovecoat_n but_o that_o they_o hold_v they_o in_o such_o like_a kind_n as_o they_o receive_v they_o par._n 1491._o cap._n 25._o which_o be_v confirm_v and_o declare_v to_o proceed_v upon_o twenty_o one_o day_n by_o sheriff_n baily_n of_o burgh_n or_o regality_n under_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n of_o the_o liferent-right_a to_o the_o king_n use_n parliament_n 1535._o cap._n 14._o and_o though_o the_o narrative_a of_o the_o statute_n express_v conjunctfiar_n and_o liferenter_n give_v caution_n as_o be_v most_o ordinary_a by_o provision_n of_o man_n yet_o the_o statutory_a part_n be_v general_a at_o least_o may_v be_v extend_v to_o terce_n and_o liferent_n by_o the_o courtesy_n so_o a_o liferenter_fw-la be_v charge_v summary_o to_o uphold_v the_o 〈◊〉_d liferent_v and_o to_o leave_v it_o in_o as_o good_a case_n as_o she_o find_v it_o without_o precognition_n how_o it_o be_v the_o time_n of_o her_o entry_n march_v 28._o 1626._o george_n foulis_n contra_fw-la isobel_n allan_n by_o act_n of_o parl._n 1594._o cap._n 226._o anent_o ruinous_a tenement_n within_o burgh_n which_o be_v cognosce_v by_o a_o in_o quest_n to_o be_v ruinous_a as_o become_v or_o which_o may_v become_v within_o a_o short_a time_n uninhabitable_a the_o same_o must_v be_v repair_v by_o the_o liferenter_fw-la or_o the_o fire_n may_v enter_v in_o possession_n find_v caution_n within_o the_o burgh_n to_o pay_v the_o liferenter_fw-la the_o mail_n thereof_o as_o the_o examine_v give_v or_o may_v give_v the_o time_n of_o the_o precognition_n but_o this_o act_n be_v not_o find_v to_o derogat_n from_o the_o former_a act_n nor_o that_o precognition_n be_v requisite_a before_o find_v caution_n except_o in_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n decay_v before_o the_o liferenters_n entry_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o foresay_a case_n george_n foulis_n contra_fw-la isobel_n allan_n neither_o be_v the_o liferenter_fw-la free_v from_o caution_n upon_o her_o offer_n to_o quit_v the_o possession_n to_o the_o heretor_fw-la for_o pay_v of_o the_o rent_n the_o tenement_n not_o be_v ruinous_a at_o her_o entry_n 5._o it_o be_v also_o common_a to_o liferent_n and_o conjunctfee_n that_o the_o liferent-right_a be_v liable_a with_o the_o superior_a of_o ward-land_n or_o his_o donatar_n for_o a_o aliment_n to_o the_o heir_n to_o be_v modify_v by_o the_o lord_n proportional_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o land_n in_o ward_n and_o liferent_a by_o the_o say_a statute_n 1491._o cap._n 23._o vide_fw-la tit._n heir_n §_o 3._o 6._o liferent_n be_v either_o constitute_v by_o way_n of_o reservation_n in_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o otherways_o by_o a_o several_a infeftment_n but_o it_o can_v become_v a_o real_a right_n and_o be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n without_o infeftment_n though_o most_o servitude_n may_v be_v constitute_v by_o disposition_n and_o possession_n 7._o yea_o though_o liferent_n be_v constitute_v by_o infeftment_n may_v be_v convey_v by_o assignation_n because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o subaltern_n or_o renew_a infeftment_n of_o a_o liferent_a which_o be_v only_o personal_a to_o the_o liferenter_fw-la and_o the_o right_o be_v incommunicable_a yet_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n arise_v thence_o be_v communicable_a and_o assignable_a 8._o it_o be_v also_o common_a to_o liferent_n that_o nothing_o do_v after_o their_o infeftment_n by_o the_o constituent_a or_o his_o singular_a successor_n can_v prejudge_v the_o liferenter_fw-la and_o so_o a_o appryzer_n from_o the_o husband_n be_v
right_n yet_o they_o be_v affect_v with_o back-bond_n grant_v by_o the_o tacks-man_n which_o be_v relevant_a againstthe_v tacks-mans_n singular_a successor_n though_o neither_o registrat_n nor_o intimate_fw-la january_n 8._o 1668._o margaret_n forbes_n contra_fw-la it_o remain_v now_o to_o consider_v how_o tack_n be_v destitute_a and_o take_v off_o and_o first_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o right_n next_o as_o to_o possession_n as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o right_n we_o shall_v not_o speak_v of_o the_o nullity_n of_o tack_n by_o which_o they_o be_v never_o true_o constitute_v and_o so_o need_v not_o be_v destitute_a but_o when_o they_o have_v once_o a_o real_a be_v they_o cease_v first_o by_o any_o deed_n contrary_a to_o the_o tenor_n or_o nature_n thereof_o as_o have_v be_v before_o show_v in_o rental_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o ordinary_a tack_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la and_o that_o be_v declare_v and_o so_o be_v not_o competent_a by_o exception_n spot_n hic_fw-la robert_n stevinson_n contra_fw-la alexander_n barcley_n 32._o second_o they_o become_v void_a by_o not_o payment_n of_o the_o tack-duty_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o a_o feu_n right_o by_o the_o delay_n of_o two_o year_n unless_o the_o tacks-man_n offer_v payment_n at_o such_o a_o time_n november_n 23._o 1629._o romanno_fw-mi contra_fw-la nisbit_n 33._o three_o if_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v pursue_v to_o find_v caution_n for_o the_o duty_n rest_v and_o in_o time_n come_v if_o he_o find_v no_o caution_n the_o tack_v become_v void_a and_o he_o may_v be_v remove_v summary_o without_o warning_n this_o be_v also_o sustain_v against_o a_o back-tack_n in_o wodsetts_n though_o have_v no_o clause_n irritant_fw-la hope_n confirmation_n sir_n thomas_n dischingtoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o pitmeden_n idem_fw-la william_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o argile_n it_o be_v also_o sustain_v though_o the_o duty_n be_v small_a the_o ground_n plenish_v and_o but_o one_o year_n rest_v february_n 27._o 1627._o lawson_n contra_fw-la scot._n but_o it_o be_v not_o sustainable_a where_o there_o be_v no_o bygones_n rest_v neither_o be_v it_o sustain_v unless_o a_o year_n be_v rest_v the_o time_n of_o the_o citation_n at_o least_o at_o litiscontestation_n albeit_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v bankrupt_a and_o in_o prison_n for_o debt_n january_n 3._o 1672._o lady_n binnie_n contra_fw-la heugh_n sinclar_fw-la 34._o four_o tack_n ceass_n by_o the_o expyre_a of_o the_o term_n thereof_o and_o the_o setter_n warning_n or_o other_o deed_n to_o take_v off_o tacit_a relocation_n or_o the_o tenant_n renounciation_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v the_o tennent_fw-fr forty_o day_n before_o whitsonday_n subscrive_v and_o deliver_v to_o his_o master_n a_o renunciation_n of_o his_o tack_n and_o possession_n consent_v that_o he_o enter_v braevi_fw-la manu_fw-la without_o hazard_n of_o ejection_n whereupon_o there_o must_v be_v take_v a_o instrument_n of_o renunciation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o nottar_n as_o a_o solemnity_n requisite_a which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v the_o overgive_n astbeing_n the_o habile_fw-la way_n approven_v in_o law_n albeit_o in_o other_o case_n not_o approven_v in_o law_n instrument_n of_o nottar_n prove_v not_o the_o deed_n of_o the_o party_n in_o this_o case_n it_o avoid_v the_o tack_n and_o be_v probable_a by_o instrument_n if_o the_o tack_n be_v expire_v but_o during_o the_o tack_n the_o instrument_n will_v not_o prove_v the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o renunciation_n 35._o five_o tack_n be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o contrary_a consent_n of_o both_o party_n though_o they_o be_v not_o expire_v as_o when_o they_o be_v real_o leave_v by_o the_o tennent_fw-fr and_o possess_v by_o the_o master_n or_o when_o by_o write_v they_o be_v renunce_v and_o accept_v for_o verbal_a renunciation_n may_v be_v resile_v from_o before_o they_o be_v perfect_v in_o write_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o verbal_a tack_n may_v and_o much_o more_o promise_n to_o renunce_v this_o way_n of_o renunciation_n be_v express_v and_o direct_v 36._o six_o tack_n be_v take_v away_o by_o tacit_a and_o employ_v renunciation_n and_o by_o pass_v therefrom_o as_o by_o take_v a_o posterior_n tack_n for_o few_o year_n and_o make_v use_n thereof_o albeit_o but_o a_o minute_n not_o by_o contract_n nor_o subscribe_v by_o the_o tacksman_n nor_o in_o his_o hand_n but_o his_o acceptance_n prove_v by_o witness_n and_o by_o pay_v conform_a january_n 17._o 1632._o earl_n of_o lawderdail_n contra_fw-la waterstoun_n by_o accept_v a_o posterior_n factory_a of_o the_o same_o land_n hope_v action_n of_o reduction_n earl_n of_o tillibairn_n contra_fw-la james_n dalzel_n by_o pay_v a_o great_a duty_n february_n 27._o 1610._o atcheson_n of_o gossoord_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n lethem_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n but_o not_o by_o pay_v of_o more_o present_n ibid_fw-la robert_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o melburn_n neither_o by_o sub-tennent_n pay_v a_o great_a duty_n without_o warrant_n of_o the_o principal_a tennent_n june_n 5._o 1611._o laird_n of_o phairnieherst_n contra_fw-la minister_n of_o innerkeithing_n also_o by_o take_v a_o heritable_a right_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n but_o it_o hold_v not_o if_o the_o heritable_a right_n be_v reduce_v for_o then_o the_o tack_v revive_v spot_n apprize_a laird_n of_o garthland_n contra_fw-la campbel_n neither_o be_v it_o take_v off_o by_o a_o posterior_n apprize_a in_o the_o tacks-mans_n person_n see_v it_o be_v satisfy_v and_o declare_v extinct_a against_o he_o last_o of_o february_n 1623._o brice_n semple_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o closseburn_n 37._o tack_n be_v take_v off_o as_o to_o possession_n by_o remove_v of_o the_o tenant_n either_o voluntarly_a as_o be_v before_o express_v or_o more_o ordinary_o judicial_o by_o process_n of_o remove_v which_o be_v most_o frequent_a and_o important_a and_o therefore_o be_v reserve_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o together_o in_o this_o place_n though_o there_o be_v diverse_a kind_n of_o remove_n have_v respect_n to_o diverse_a title_n for_o though_o remove_v be_v competent_a against_o all_o possessor_n whether_o possess_v without_o any_o title_n or_o by_o a_o insufficient_a title_n as_o a_o invalide_a infeftment_n or_o the_o like_a yet_o the_o rise_v thereof_o be_v for_o remove_v of_o tenant_n 38._o remove_v be_v either_o summar_n without_o warning_n or_o solemn_a upon_o warning_n again_o summar_n remove_v be_v either_o by_o paction_n or_o law_n by_o paction_n when_o it_o be_v so_o agree_v by_o the_o tack_v or_o other_o write_v that_o the_o tenant_n shall_v remove_v at_o such_o a_o term_n without_o warning_n which_o will_v be_v sufficient_a at_o that_o time_n craig_n hic_fw-la this_o will_v hold_v upon_o disposition_n whereupon_o the_o disponer_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o remove_v summary_o without_o any_o such_o express_a clause_n which_o be_v also_o extend_v in_o favour_n of_o appryzer_n against_o their_o debtor_n possess_v a_o house_n march_z 26._o 1612._o january_n 18._o 1623._o earl_n of_o lothian_n contra_fw-la sir_n john_n ker_n and_o his_o son_n but_o it_o be_v more_o questionable_a whether_o it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a at_o any_o time_n thereafter_o if_o the_o tennent_n be_v suffer_v to_o possess_v per_fw-la tacitum_fw-la relocationem_fw-la especial_o see_v the_o statute_n for_o warning_n be_v a_o public_a law_n introduce_v for_o the_o good_a of_o poor_a tenant_n who_o rusticity_n be_v excusable_a if_o they_o advert_v not_o to_o anterior_a paction_n nam_fw-la pacta_fw-la privatorum_fw-la non_fw-la derogant_fw-la juri_fw-la communi_fw-la yet_o upon_o the_o contrary_a cuique_fw-la libet_fw-la 〈◊〉_d juri_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la introducto_fw-la betwixt_o which_o i_o conceive_v this_o temperament_n will_v hold_v that_o such_o paction_n though_o recent_a may_v be_v effectual_a at_o the_o precise_a term_n or_o at_o any_o term_n or_o time_n thereafter_o upon_o intimation_n if_o it_o be_v so_o agree_v upon_o in_o write_n for_o promise_n in_o this_o case_n may_v be_v resile_v from_o as_o before_o be_v show_v but_o in_o either_o case_n the_o tennent_n must_v have_v intimation_n before_o the_o term_n which_o will_v suffice_v without_o the_o solemnity_n of_o warning_n but_o it_o must_v be_v of_o that_o length_n that_o the_o tennent_fw-fr may_v provide_v for_o himself_o and_o remove_v his_o good_n which_o will_v be_v in_o the_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o judge_n and_o i_o suppose_v that_o they_o will_v walk_v most_o fair_o and_o safe_o who_o shall_v intimate_v the_o same_o to_o the_o tennent_n forty_o day_n before_o the_o term_n or_o otherways_o all_o the_o effect_n be_v like_a to_o be_v that_o he_o will_v be_v discern_v to_o remove_v at_o the_o next_o whitsonday_n after_o the_o process_n without_o violent_a profit_n as_o use_n to_o be_v do_v when_o there_o be_v any_o probable_a excuse_n for_o the_o tenant_n not_o remove_v summar_n remove_v be_v competent_a by_o law_n without_o paction_n in_o all_o case_n where_o the_o statute_n appoint_v warning_n take_v no_o place_n which_o be_v chief_o regulate_v
during_o these_o three_o year_n shall_v satisfy_v apprysing_n which_o be_v deduce_v since_o jan._n 1652._o be_v expyre_v according_a to_o the_o law_n then_o stand_v and_o dispone_v to_o other_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o that_o point_n in_o the_o say_a act_n the_o lord_n decide_v affirmative_a january_n 20._o 1666._o clappertoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o torfonce_n 41._o four_o the_o benefit_n of_o redemption_n be_v competent_a to_o creditor_n against_o the_o appearand_a heir_n of_o their_o debtor_n acquire_v right_a to_o expyre_v compryzing_n which_o be_v extend_v to_o appearand_a heir_n even_o during_o his_o father_n life_n june_n 19_o 1668._o burnet_n contra_fw-la naesmith_n or_o any_o person_n to_o their_o behoof_n acquire_v right_o to_o appryzing_n within_o ten_o year_n after_o the_o acquirer_n right_a for_o such_o sum_n only_o as_o they_o pay_v for_o acquire_v thereof_o and_o they_o be_v find_v extinct_a by_o the_o appearand_a heir_n intromission_n by_o exception_n which_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v that_o it_o reach_v a_o apprize_a assign_v to_o a_o appearand_a heir_n though_o the_o assignation_n be_v before_o this_o statute_n see_v the_o infeftment_n which_o make_v the_o appearand_a heir_n right_o real_a and_o effectual_a be_v after_o and_o though_o the_o apprize_a be_v redeemable_a when_o acquire_v but_o expire_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n july_n 21._o 1671._o sir_n george_n maxwel_n contra_fw-la maxwel_n of_o kirkconnel_n but_o the_o appearand_a heir_n get_v right_o to_o the_o apprize_a gratis_o it_o be_v not_o find_v to_o accress_v to_o the_o creditor_n but_o only_o to_o be_v redeemable_a within_o ten_o year_n after_o his_o right_n for_o the_o sum_n whereupon_o the_o apprize_a proceed_v feb._n 13._o 1673._o intereosdem_fw-la a_o apprize_a acquire_v by_o the_o husband_n of_o a_o appearand_a heir_n find_v not_o redeemable_a by_o what_o be_v pay_v unless_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v acquire_v by_o the_o wife_n mean_n or_o upon_o her_o account_n june_n 13._o 1674._o william_n richardson_n con_v palmer_n feb._n 21._o 1673._o richardson_n contra_fw-la colline_n laumond_n and_o skeen_n of_o halyard_n jan._n 15._o 1679._o andrew_n mcdowgal_n contra_fw-la sir_n hendrie_n guthrie_n and_o his_o spouse_n but_o this_o ten_o year_n reversion_n be_v not_o find_v competent_a to_o the_o debtor_n himself_o to_o redeem_v from_o his_o appearand_a heir_n decem._n 3._o 1680._o sir_n michael_n naesmith_n contra_fw-la james_n naesmith_n but_o a_o second_o brother_n acquire_v a_o apprize_a upon_o easy_a term_n when_o his_o elder_a brother_n be_v out_o of_o the_o country_n be_v not_o find_v redeemable_a by_o this_o act_n not_o be_v esteem_v as_o appearand_a heir_n alioqui_fw-la successurus_fw-la feb._n 17._o 1675._o john_n mclurg_n contra_fw-la john_n gordoun_n and_o a_o apprize_a come_v to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n of_o the_o principal_a debtor_n find_v satisfiable_a by_o the_o sum_n payable_a therefore_o by_o the_o appearand_a heir_n summary_o without_o reduction_n feb._n 22._o 1671._o sir_n david_n dumbar_n of_o baldoon_n contra_fw-la david_n dick._n the_o like_a find_v by_o exception_n or_o reply_n where_o the_o apprize_a be_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o debiror_n elder_a son_n july_n 4._o 1671._o laird_n of_o balfour_n contra_fw-la william_n douglas_n the_o like_a where_o the_o apprize_v acquire_v by_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v find_v satisfy_v by_o intromission_n equivalent_a to_o what_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o apprize_a the_o say_a intromission_n be_v either_o within_o the_o ten_o year_n or_o after_o the_o intent_v a_o summons_n of_o declarator_n offer_v to_o pay_v what_o remain_v after_o count_n and_o reckon_n it_o be_v find_v to_o prorogate_v the_o ten_o year_n reversion_n without_o any_o other_o order_n june_n 26._o 1677._o mr._n john_n kincaid_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n of_o abergeldie_n 41._o apprysing_n deduce_v against_o appearand_a heir_n special_o charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n be_v not_o redeemable_a by_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o party_n charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n who_o be_v never_o infeft_v but_o by_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o defunct_a for_o who_o debt_n the_o apprysiing_n be_v deduce_v who_o die_v last_o vest_n before_o the_o appryse_v february_n 6._o 1668._o january_n 19_o 1669._o mr._n john_n johnstoun_n contra_fw-la sir_n charles_n erskine_n 42._o minor_n have_v a_o special_a privilege_n that_o the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o apprysing_n run_v not_o against_o they_o during_o their_o minority_n and_o how_o far_o this_o be_v extend_v to_o major_n succeed_v to_o minor_n vide_fw-la tit._n 6._o among_o privilege_n of_o minor_n vide_fw-la what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o appryse_v tit._n 13._o section_n 29._o and_o 30._o 43._o appryse_v while_o it_o be_v redeemable_a be_v but_o a_o legal_a diligence_n for_o security_n and_o the_o appryser_n may_v relinquish_v the_o same_o though_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n and_o may_v do_v any_o other_o diligence_n for_o recover_v his_o debt_n but_o if_o he_o continue_v to_o possess_v after_o the_o appryse_v become_v irredeemable_a the_o debt_n be_v thereby_o satisfy_v and_o extinct_a which_o be_v so_o find_v albeit_o the_o appryse_v prove_v ineffectual_a as_o to_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n appryse_v the_o remnant_n be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o debt_n appryse_v for_o and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o a_o proportional_a part_n of_o the_o sum_n appryse_v for_o correspondent_a to_o the_o land_n that_o be_v evict_v shall_v remain_v due_a to_o the_o appryser_n june_n 18._o 1675._o laird_n of_o leys_n contra_fw-la forbess_n of_o blacktoun_n the_o form_n and_o manner_n of_o procedure_n in_o apprysing_n will_v come_v in_o among_o legal_a execution_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 44._o adjudication_n be_v remedium_fw-la extraordinarium_fw-la introduce_v by_o custom_n where_o appryse_v can_v have_v no_o place_n as_o when_o the_o debt_n to_o be_v satisfy_v be_v not_o a_o liquidat_fw-la sum_fw-la or_o good_n ordinary_o liquidable_a but_o be_v a_o disposition_n of_o land_n contain_v express_o or_o virtual_o a_o obligation_n to_o infeft_a the_o acquir_a or_o some_o other_o or_o a_o obligation_n consist_v in_o some_o fact_n to_o be_v perform_v or_o otherways_o where_o the_o debtor_n heir_n renunce_v to_o be_v heir_n whereby_o there_o be_v no_o party_n from_o who_o the_o land_n can_v be_v appryse_v therefore_o haereditas_fw-la jacens_fw-la be_v adjudge_v this_o remeid_v be_v introduce_v by_o the_o lord_n who_o have_v ample_a power_n to_o administrate_n justice_n in_o all_o case_n and_o to_o make_v order_n for_o that_o effect_n do_v supply_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o law_n or_o ancient_a custom_n by_o such_o new_a remeid_n as_o such_o new_a occur_v case_n do_v require_v among_o which_o adjudication_n be_v a_o prime_a one_o which_o craig_n testify_v to_o have_v be_v unknown_a to_o our_o predicessour_n and_o be_v but_o recent_a in_o his_o time_n and_o few_o decision_n thereupon_o the_o nature_n and_o effect_n of_o it_o be_v little_o know_v but_o be_v now_o by_o course_n of_o time_n further_o illustrate_v adjudication_n have_v place_n in_o two_o case_n the_o first_o and_o most_o ordinary_a be_v when_o the_o heir_n recounce_v to_o be_v heir_n in_o which_o case_n adjudication_n be_v competent_a whether_o the_o debt_n to_o be_v satisfy_v be_v liquidate_n or_o not_o the_o other_o be_v when_o the_o obligement_n to_o be_v satisfy_v consist_v in_o facto_fw-la and_o relate_v to_o the_o disposition_n of_o particular_a thing_n which_o disposition_n or_o obligement_n not_o be_v fulfil_v by_o the_o debtor_n or_o disponer_n though_o all_o ordinary_a diligence_n be_v do_v than_o adjudication_n take_v place_n to_o make_v the_o same_o effectual_a as_o to_o the_o first_o case_n adjudication_n upon_o the_o appearand_a heir_n renunce_v to_o be_v heir_n proceed_v upon_o these_o way_n if_o he_o be_v pursue_v as_o lawful_o charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n for_o satisfy_v of_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n or_o obligement_n he_o may_v renunce_v to_o be_v heir_n if_o he_o have_v not_o meddle_v either_o in_o the_o process_n against_o he_o as_o charge_v to_o enter_v heir_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n or_o some_o time_n thereafter_o by_o suspension_n or_o reduction_n if_o he_o renunce_v in_o the_o first_o instance_n when_o the_o debt_n be_v not_o yet_o instruct_v and_o establish_v as_o when_o it_o proceed_v not_o upon_o a_o clear_a bond_n or_o write_v but_o abide_v probation_n by_o witness_n or_o otherways_o then_o before_o the_o process_n of_o adjudication_n there_o must_v be_v a_o process_n and_o sentence_n against_o the_o heir_n renunce_v cognitionis_fw-la causa_fw-la for_o establish_v and_o prove_v the_o debt_n in_o which_o because_o there_o be_v necessity_n in_o all_o process_n to_o have_v a_o defender_n the_o appearand_a heir_n renunce_v be_v only_o call_v to_o supply_v that_o place_n cognitionis_fw-la causa_fw-la but_o without_o any_o effect_n against_o he_o but_o only_o contra_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la jacentem_fw-la but_o if_o the_o appearand_a heir_n
or_o be_v bury_v be_v requisite_a or_o common_a fame_n as_o to_o person_n who_o perish_v or_o be_v kill_v the_o second_o point_n of_o this_o head_n be_v that_o the_o defunct_a die_v last_o vest_n and_o seize_v as_o offee_n which_o must_v be_v instruct_v by_o production_n of_o theinfeftment_n special_o the_o instfrument_n of_o seize_v and_o warrant_v thereof_o or_o ground_n of_o the_o same_o for_o though_o in_o antiquis_fw-la the_o very_a precept_n can_v be_v show_v yet_o the_o charter_n or_o disposition_n will_v be_v a_o sufficientadminicle_n to_o corroberat_o thisseise_v that_o it_o be_v not_o account_v only_o as_o the_o assertion_n of_o a_o natar_n yea_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o since_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n consequent_a seising_n have_v the_o course_n of_o forty_o year_n may_v instruct_v this_o point_n be_v sufficient_a even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o competition_n which_o be_v much_o exacter_n than_o this_o and_o spotswood_n observe_v upon_o retour_n that_o in_o anno_fw-la 1547._o a_o negativeservice_n be_v reduce_v upon_o production_n of_o a_o transumpt_n of_o thedefunct_n seize_v out_o of_o a_o protocol_n transume_v before_o a_o comissar_n with_o a_o decreet_a against_o the_o superior_a bear_v to_o have_v confess_v that_o he_o have_v infeft_v the_o defunct_a but_o here_o the_o instruct_v the_o defunct_n be_v once_o infeft_v will_v infer_v a_o presumption_n that_o he_o so_o continue_v and_o so_o die_v infeft_v unless_o the_o contrary_n be_v prove_v that_o he_o be_v denude_v the_o three_o point_n in_o this_o head_n that_o the_o defunct_a die_v at_o the_o faith_n and_o peace_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n be_v also_o presume_v quia_fw-la quod_fw-la inesse_fw-la debet_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o therefore_o need_v no_o other_o probation_n but_o lay_v the_o burden_n of_o probation_n upon_o thealledger_n in_o the_o contrary_a viz._n that_o the_o defunct_a die_v rebel_n or_o that_o he_o be_v forfault_v or_o his_o blood_n attiaint_v which_o may_v be_v elide_v by_o the_o reply_v of_o relaxation_n dispensation_n or_o restitution_n but_o there_o use_v small_a notice_n to_o be_v take_v of_o rebellion_n upon_o civil_a debt_n but_o only_o open_a rebellion_n of_o war_n or_o upon_o treasonable_a cause_n whereupon_o the_o defunct_a be_v declare_v fugitve_n which_o make_v the_o defunct_a as_o to_o this_o point_n not_o to_o die_v at_o the_o faith_n of_o our_o sovera_v lord_n november_n 21._o 1626._o seatoun_n supplicant_n 35._o the_o second_o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n be_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v near_a and_o lawful_a heir_n to_o the_o defunct_a in_o these_o land_n which_o resolve_v in_o two_o point_n first_o that_o the_o fee_n be_v provide_v to_o such_o heir_n as_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o claim_n whether_o they_o be_v heir_n of_o line_n or_o of_o conquest_n heir_n portioner_n heir_n of_o marriage_n heir_n male_a or_o of_o tailzie_n and_o provision_n and_o this_o can_v only_o be_v instruct_v by_o the_o defunct_n infeftment_n and_o other_o ancient_a evident_n where_o in_o dutio_fw-la the_o presumption_n be_v always_o for_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_o instruct_v that_o the_o fee_n be_v provide_v to_o special_a heir_n it_o will_v belong_v to_o the_o heir_n general_a of_o line_n or_o conquest_n according_a to_o law_n as_o if_o it_o be_v instruct_v by_o three_o consequent_a seising_n which_o ordinary_o do_v not_o express_v the_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o heir_n the_o other_o point_n of_o this_o head_n be_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o brieve_n be_v near_a lawful_a heir_n which_o sometime_o also_o be_v instruct_v by_o the_o infeftment_n as_o when_o the_o person_n to_o be_v serve_v be_v a_o member_n of_o tailzie_n nominat_fw-la as_o if_o the_o infeftment_n bear_v land_n or_o annualrent_n to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o foot_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n which_o faill_v to_o george_n his_o brother_n etc._n etc._n george_n pursue_v a_o special_a service_n need_v no_o further_a instruction_n because_o that_o he_o be_v george_n the_o defunct_n brother_n pass_v without_o probation_n as_o notorium_fw-la but_o ordinary_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n must_v be_v prove_v to_o the_o foot_n who_o die_v last_o infeft_v or_o to_o some_o member_n of_o tailzie_n substitute_n for_o prove_v whereof_o the_o relation_n must_v be_v particular_o condescend_v on_o according_a to_o the_o line_n of_o succession_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a title_n as_o that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v the_o defunct_n elder_a son_n or_o the_o elder_a lawful_a son_n of_o that_o son_n or_o that_o they_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o that_o son_n etc._n etc._n or_o the_o lawful_a daughter_n of_o the_o defunct_a etc._n etc._n and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v or_o serve_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi near_a lawful_a heir_n without_o condescend_v here_o also_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n be_v condescend_v on_o and_o prove_v it_o be_v sufficient_a in_o whatsoever_o degree_n can_v be_v prove_v though_o it_o be_v beyond_o the_o tenthdegree_n yea_o any_o degree_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o near_a degree_n unless_o a_o near_a degree_n be_v instruct_v for_o it_o resolve_v in_o this_o negative_a that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o near_a degree_n which_o as_o other_o negative_n prove_v itself_o and_o that_o thepursuer_fw-mi be_v not_o only_o near_a heir_n according_a to_o lineal_a succession_n by_o course_n of_o law_n but_o that_o he_o nor_o none_o of_o the_o intervenient_a blood_n be_v bastard_n or_o unlawful_a child_n which_o be_v instruct_v sufficient_o by_o common_a fame_n or_o be_v so_o hold_v and_o repute_n in_o the_o intermediates_n it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a that_o nothing_o be_v know_v to_o the_o inquest_n on_o the_o contrary_a unless_o bastardrie_n be_v on_o the_o other_o part_n allege_v and_o instruct_v this_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n be_v prove_v either_o by_o writ_n or_o by_o retour_n infeftment_n or_o designation_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o foot_n for_o the_o time_n bear_v such_o a_o person_n to_o be_v of_o such_o a_o degree_n or_o relation_n to_o he_o and_o in_o antiquis_fw-la writ_n bear_v such_o designation_n and_o acknowledgement_n even_o by_o other_o of_o fame_n will_v be_v sufficient_a for_o there_o be_v not_o equal_a evidence_n of_o fame_n require_v in_o all_o case_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o fee_n be_v to_o fall_v caduciarie_n and_o to_o cease_v from_o the_o feer'_v proper_a blood_n less_o probation_n will_v serve_v than_o when_o the_o competition_n be_v betwixt_o divers_a person_n of_o the_o same_o blood_n or_o at_o least_o member_n of_o the_o same_o tailzie_n among_o who_o the_o pregnant_a probation_n will_v take_v place_n so_o the_o service_n and_o retour_fw-fr of_o the_o earl_n of_o airth_n then_o design_v earl_n of_o strathern_n be_v reduce_v because_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n not_o sufficient_o instruct_v which_o can_v not_o be_v know_v by_o the_o inquest_n or_o be_v witness_n the_o progress_n thereof_o be_v far_o past_a memory_n of_o man_n and_o hear-say_n or_o common_a fame_n be_v not_o find_v sufficient_a neither_o be_v the_o writ_n produce_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v the_o say_a earl_n propinquity_n of_o blood_n to_o david_n earl_n of_o strathern_n son_n to_o king_n robert_n the_o second_o or_o to_o eupham_n only_a daughter_n to_o the_o say_v david_n and_o patrick_n graham_n her_o spouse_n which_o progress_n not_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v the_o right_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n as_o the_o unquestionable_a descendent_a of_o the_o say_a king_n robert_n the_o three_o and_o so_o heir_n of_o his_o brother_n the_o say_a david_n earl_n of_o strathern_n so_o that_o no_o other_o lawful_a issue_n be_v prove_v of_o the_o say_v david_n own_o body_n nor_o of_o any_o other_o near_a brother_n all_o his_o right_n remain_v with_o the_o king_n as_o descend_v from_o king_n robert_n the_o three_o who_o be_v brother_n to_o the_o say_v david_n earl_n of_o strathern_n march_n 22_o 1633._o the_o king_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o strathern_n there_o be_v another_o exception_n against_o this_o head_n that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v slay_v his_o father_n mother_n good-sire_n grandsire_n etc._n etc._n whereby_o he_o and_o all_o his_o issue_n be_v exclude_v from_o the_o heritage_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v if_o he_o be_v convict_v thereof_o by_o a_o assize_n and_o the_o next_o agnat_n may_v be_v serve_v par._n 1594._o cap._n 220._o which_o be_v not_o sustain_v where_o the_o slayer_n be_v only_o declare_v eugitive_n for_o not_o appear_v to_o underly_a the_o law_n in_o a_o dittay_n for_o slay_v his_o mother_n feb._n 3._o 1674._o mr._n george_n oliphant_n contra_fw-la oliphant_n 36._o the_o three_o head_n of_o the_o brieve_n be_v of_o who_o the_o fee_n be_v hold_v in_o chief_a or_o who_o be_v immediate_a lawful_a superior_a thereof_o and_o this_o also_o be_v instruct_v by_o the_o infeftment_n whereby_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o