Abbot of Westminster And now Commissioners being appointed for matter of Religion not yet disannull'd by Parliament it came into the Protector 's and Council's mind of a Match that upon the death of King James V. King of Scotland had been treated and concluded by the Parliament of that Kingdom with King Henry VIII for the Prince his Son now King with the Lady Mary their young Queen sole Daughter and Heir of the said James and which by the Contrivance of Cardinal Beaton Archbishop of St. Andrew's was now obstructed to the intent of marrying her to Francis Dauphin of France as it afterwards took effect April 24. 1558. To have prevented this an Army is rais'd and Scotland invaded by Sea and Land where after several Skirmishes the Protector engag'd them at Fauxside and Musleborough whence after a great Slaughter and having secur'd a Footing in the Country he return'd for England the September following But as to the young Queen did so little good that it was doubted Whether this Army and that too for a great part Foreigners was rather rais'd to force a Princess out of her own Country to the Marriage of a Prince not yet ripe for her than to secure himself at home During this and his Brother the Lord Admiral 's absence in Scotland whether it were that the Protector 's Wife could not brook the Queen Dowager Parr her Husband 's the Admiral 's younger Brother's Wife to take place of her or that the Admiral kept not thorough-pace with him there grew such a feud between the Brothers that cost them both their Heads For within a Year and half after their return the Admiral was sent to the Tower and without Trial attainted in Parliament and thereupon beheaded March 20. 1549. Nor had he recover'd this false Step before he made another in slipping an Opportunity that play'd into his hand for the Commissioners having thrown all Images and what thereunto appertain'd out of the Churches and the Parliament abolish'd the Missal and enjoyn'd a New Book of Common-Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments in its room the Cornish Men first and after them Oxfordshire Bucking hamshire Norfolk York and others ran into Rebellion which he fortunately suppress'd and thereby became Master of an Army which he might have wrought to any thing at least crush'd his disguis'd Friend but secret Enemy the Earl of Warwick who had stola the Lords of the Council from him and now jointly impeach'd him as the occasion of the late Tumults and at the same time pray the City and the Commons to aid them to take him from the King Whereupon he is committed to the Tower Octob. 14 following and having not Interest enough to hinder the said Earl from being made Lord High-Chamberlain he tamely submitted to a Marriage between the Earl's eldest Son and his eldest Daughter and got his Liberty for that time But this patch'd Friendship lasted not above two Years for the Earl of Warwick being made Duke of Northumberland and the Lord Henry Gray Marquess of Dorset his Consident Duke of Suffolk Octob. 11. 1551. and now Governing all the late Protector was within five days after again committed to the Tower and convicted of Felony upon a Statute of his own making viz. For purposing and attempting the Lives of the said Northumberland and Suffolk two of the King's Privy-Council which by that Statute was made Felony On which he was beheaded Jan. 22. following And the King left so unguarded by any but themselves and their Creatures that it seem'd no difficulty to bring the Crown into their own Families To this purpose a Marriage is contriv'd between the Lord Guilford Dudley Fourth Son of the said Duke of Northumberland and the Lady Jane Gray eldest Daughter of the said Duke of Suffolk by Frances Daughter of Mary Sister of King Henry VIII of whom before and that so cover'd under the specious Pretence of securing the Protestant Religion against the Lady Mary the King's Sister a Catholick that the King not only further'd it but being in a sickly condition did by his last Will and Testament declare the said Lady Jane Gray to be Rightful Heir in Succession to the Crown of England To which also besides the Lords of the Council all the Judges subscrib'd their Names excepting only Sir James Hales one of the Justices of the Common-Pleas who would neither by Word nor Writing give his Assent to the disherison of Queen Mary Not long after which the King died to wit July 6. 1553. in the Seventeenth Year of his Age and Seventh of his Reign but unmarried and Childless and might perhaps have liv'd longer if he had not been a King Three days after the Lady Jane Gray was proclaimed Queen and the same day the Lady Mary Sister of the last King Edward and eldest Daughter of King Henry VIII sent a Letter to the Lords of the Council thereby claiming the Crown by Right of Succession and requiring them upon their Allegiance to have her proclaim'd Queen Which being sleighted by them she withdrew to her Castle of Fremingham whither several of the Nobility and Gentry repair to her The Council on the other hand dispatch the Duke of Northumberland after her but the Men of Suffolk first and after them those of Oxfordshire Northampton and Norfolk came in so thick to her and six Ships of War declaring for her the Council at London proclaim her Queen the 19th of the same Month left the Duke of Northumberland to shift for himself and secur'd the Lady Jane and her Husband in the Tower XXII Queen Mary a Catholick being thus proclaim'd the Duke of Northumberland was arrested at Cambridge and brought to the Tower and together with the Marquess of Northampton and the Earl of Warwick Son and Heir of the said Duke arraign'd of High-Treason before Thomas Duke of Norfolk Lord High-Steward of England where praying the Opinion of the Court Whether a Man doing an Act by Authority of the Prince's Council and by Warrant of the Great Seal of England and doing nothing without the same may be charg'd with Treason for any thing done by virtue of the same And being answer'd That the Great Seal which he laid for his Warrant was not the Seal of the Lawful Queen of the Realm but the Seal of an Usurper and therefore no Warrant to him he confess'd the Indictment as also did the other two and had Judgment as in Cases of High-Treason Aug. 18. the same Year On which the said Duke was beheaded the 22d and Queen Mary Crown'd Octob. 1. following At which time also she publish'd a General Pardon in which notwithstanding were excepted by Name the Archbishops of Canterbury and York the Bishop of London and others of the Clergy and the two Chief Justices Sir Edward Montacute and Sir Roger Cholmley with other Men of the Law for counselling or at least consenting to the Deprivation of Queen Mary and aiding the aforesaid Duke of Northumberland in the pretended Right of
that other of Rotelen by the disposition of his Father liv'd at Durlach was a Lutheran and in great request for his Prudence with the Emperor Maximilian the First He dy'd Feb. 6. 1553. and besides Seven Daughters left Three Sons 1. Bernhard the Fifth born 1517. dy'd the same Year with his Father 2. Charles the Third born July 24. 1529. 3. Albert the Second a Valiant Warrior but dy'd without Children 1642. Of these Charles the Third succeeded his Father and dy'd March 23. 1577. His first Wife was Cunigund Daughter of Casimire Marquess of Brandenburg who dying 1558. He married Anne Daughter of Rupert Palatine of Veldentz who dy'd March 30. 1586. and left him 1. Dorothy Ursula born 1559. married to Lewis the Fifth of Wirtenburg and dy'd 1583. 2. Ernest Frederick his Successor born 1560. who as has been said Section 5. had a Dispute with his Kinsmen the Sons of Edward the Fortunate touching the Upper Marquisate or Baden of Baden He was a smart Defender of Lutheranism Founded a famous School at Durlach and dy'd April 14. 1604. but left no Issue tho' married to Anne Daughter of Etzhard Earl of Ostfrise Son of Frederick the Fourth Elector Palatine 3. James the Third born May 26. 1562. dy'd Aug. 15. 1590. And by Elizabeth Daughter of Florence Earl of Cullenburg left Anne born 1587. who was married to Wolrad of Waldeck and brought him the Earldom of Cullenburg and dy'd 1648. And one Posthumous Son James Ernestus who liv'd not long 4. George Frederick born Jan. 10. 1573. § VII This George succeeded his Brothers and suffer'd much by means of the Palatine Frederick the Fifth whose Party he adher'd to He dy'd at Geneva Sept 14. 1638. and had to Wife Juliana Ursula of Raugrave who dy'd 1614. and after that Agatha of the House of Erpace by whom he had Seventeen Children of which Eleven dy'd untimely The rest were 1. Catharine Ursula born Jan. 19. 1593. married to Otto of Hesse-Cassel 1613. dy'd Dec. 21. 1616. 2. Frederick the Second of whom presently 3. Anna Amalia born 1595. marry'd to William of Nassau in Saarbrucken 1615. dy'd 1652. 4. Charles the Fifth born 1598. dy'd in his Travel through France July 27. 1625. 5. Christopher the Fourth born March 16. 1603. Slain at the Siege of Ingolstadt Apr. 30. 1632. 6. Sibilla Magdalena born July 21. 1605. married June 7. 1629. to John of Nassau in Saarbrucken Frederick the Second born July 6. 1594. succeeded his Father He was a Prince of a general Learning took part with the King of Sweden which occasion'd him divers Troubles which he in a manner got out of by the Treaty of Osenburg dy'd Sept. 8. 1659. and had by Five Wives Eleven Children Six of which dy'd Infants The rest were 1. Frederick the Third born Nov. 6. 1617. of whom in the next Section 2. Sibilla born Feb. 5. 1620. dy'd unmarried Aug. 20. 1679. 3. Charles Magnus born March 17. 1621. he did the King of Sweden good Services and by that means came to be Lieutenant General of his Army dy'd Nov. 19. 1658. and left one Son Charles Frederick born 1651. He was a Knight of Malta and dy'd without Issue 1677. 4. Johanna born 1623. married to John Barnim Camp-Marshal of Sweden and after his Death to Henry Count of Thun 1648. and has been dead some Years 5. Gustavus Adolphus Abbot of Fulda in Germany and Cardinal He dy'd Dâ—â— 24. 1677. § VIII Frederick the Third succeeded his Father He was a Prince so great a Master of all the Arts of Peace and War that he wâ—â— General to the Emperor in the last War against the French and discharg'd it with Honour but having recover'd Philipsburg to the Empire dy'd 1677. in the Sixty Sixth Year of his Age His Wife was Christiana Magdalena Daughter of John Casimier Palatine of Bipont whom he married at Stockboim 1642. and had by her 1. Frederick Casimier born 1643. dy'd 1644. 2. Christiana born 1645. married 1665. to Albert Marquess of Brandenburg Ansbach and after his death to John Frederick Duke of Saxon-Gotham 1681. 3. Eleanora Catharina born and dy'd 1646. 4. Fredericus Magnus born Sept. 27. 1646. the now Reigning Prince He married Augusta Maria Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick May 15. 1670. by whom he had Ten Children of which Four dy'd Infants The rest now living are 1. Catharine born Oct. 10. 1676. 2. Carolus Wilhelmus born Jan. 17. 1679. 3. Johanna Elizabetha born Oct. 3. 1680. 4. Alberta Frederica born July 3. 1682. 5. Christopher born Sept. 28. 1684. 6. Charlotte Sophia born March 1. 1686. 5. Carolus Gustavus born Sept. 27. 1648. a Warlike Prince and had to Wife Anna Sophia Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg married to him 1677. who brought him 1. Christiana Juliana born Sept. 12. 1678. 2. Charles born and dy'd 1680. 3. Frederick Rodolph born 1681. dy'd 1682. 4. Charles Anthony born Jan. 29. 1683. 6. Catharina Barbara born 1650. yet unmarried 7 Johanna Elizabetha born 1651. married to John Frederick Marquess of Brandendurg Ansbach dy'd Sept. 8. 1680. 8. Eleanora Frederica born and dy'd 1658. But the aforesaid Frederick's Wife dying he had Two natural Sons by a Private Gentlewoman her Father tho' a Colonel of Horse to wit Frederick and Bernhard call'd the Barons of Muntzenheim which Fief being possest by the Baron Hoffart and Escheated to him he conferr'd on them Of the Augmentations of this Family § IX HOw this Family got the Marquisate of Baden we have already shown After that Herman the Fourth had Durlach Heildesheim and Etlingen with his Wife the Daughter of Henry Count Palatine of Guelffe In the Year 1246. Herman the Fifth obtained the Dutchy of Austria and Stiria in right of his Wife In 1415. the County of Hochberg was further added A great part of Sponheim in 1437. and at the same time Mahlberg and Lobra in Ortenaw In 1444. Christopher hook'd in Baden-Weiler and Welschberg and after that Rodemachern Herspringen and Ufeldingen And upon the death of his Kinsman Philip the Landtgraviate of Sansenberg and the Seigniory of Rotelen fell in to the rest And lastly the Family of the Earls of Eberstein being extinct the greatest part of that County was added to that Family Of its Decreasings § X. THis Family suffer'd a loss about the middle of the Thirteenth Century at what time Ottocar King of Bohemia took Austria and Stiria from Frederick the rightful Heir But in the Last and this present French War both the Lines of this Family have suffer'd and do yet suffer And moreover has a pretence to the Principality of Geroltzeck CHAP. XV. Of the Family of Anhalt and Saxon-Lawenburg § I. THo' this Family be for Antiquity past all Memory yet it was known in the Year 524. by the Name of the Counts of Ascania and Ballenstedt After which Albert the Sixth of that House was by the Emperor Henry the Second created Marquess of Soltquel and died 1005. But when under Conrade the
of Weymar Pag. 293 Of the Branch of Gotha Pag. 296 Of the Albertine Line Pag. 300 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 312 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 313 Of its Pretensions Pag. ibid. CHAP. IX Of the House of Brandenburg Pag. 314 Of the Line Electoral Pag. 320 Of the Line of Franconia Pag. 335 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 343 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 347 Of its Pretensions Pag. 348 CHAP. X. Of the House of Brunswick and Lunenburg Pag. 349 Of the old Line of Brunswick or Wolfenbuttel Pag. 358 Of the Line of Lunenburg or Zell Pag. 365 Of the new Line of Brunswick or Wolfenbuttel Pag. 372 Of the Line of Zell and Hanouer Pag. 375 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 380 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 383 Of its Pretensions Pag. ibid. CHAP. XI Of the House of Hesse Pag. 384 Of the Line of Cassel Pag. 397 Of the Line of Darmstadt Pag. 393 Of the Branch of Homburg Pag. 399 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 400 Of its Decreasings and Pretensions Pag. 402 CHAP. XII Of the House of Mecklenburg Pag. 403 Of the Line of Swerin Pag. 409 Of the Line of Custrow Pag. 411 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 413 CHAP. XIII Of the House of Wirtenburg Pag. 414 Of the Line Regent of Stugard Pag. 417 Of the Line of Mompelgard Pag. 421 Of the Line of Silesia or Oelss Pag. ibid. Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 423 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. ibid. CHAP. XIV Of the House of Baden Pag. 422 Of the Line of Baden-Baden Pag. 428 Of the Line of Durlach Pag. 431 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 436 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 437 CHAP. XV. Of the House of Anhalt and Sax-Lawenburg Pag. 438 Of the Line of Dessaw Pag. 442 Of the Line of Bernbourg Pag. 445 Of the Line of Plotzkow Pag. 447 Of the Line of Servestan Pag. 448 Of its Augmentations or Increasings Pag. 449 Of its Losses or Decreasings Pag. 450 CHAP. XVI Of the House of Nassau and Orange Pag. 451 Of the Line of Siege Pag. 454 Of the Line of Dillenburg Pag. 456 Of the Line of Dietz Pag. 457 Of the Line of Hadamar Pag. 458 CHAP. XVII Of the House of Lorrain Pag. 460 CHAP. XVIII Of the House of Tuscany or Florence Pag. 465 CHAP. XIX Of the House of Savoy Pag. 367 CHAP. XX. Of the House of Mantua Pag. 471 CHAP. XXI Of the House of Parma and Piacenza Pag. 473 CHAP. XXII Of the House of Modena Pag. 474 CHAP. XXIII Of the House of Courland Pag. 476 OBSERVATIONS Historical and Genealogical CHAP. I. Of the Genealogy of the House of Austria § I. BEing to give a Genealogical Account of all the Soveraign Princes now flourishing in Europe 't will be but just to begin with the House of Austria as being of the First Dignity Which as it owes its Original without doubt to the Earls of Habsburg so in tracing the Pedigree of those Earls most Genealogists are at a loss As for us we shall not doubt to derive 'em from the Counts of Mont-Aventine of the Anician Perleonian Family which was formerly of the greatest Repute and Authority of any in Rome and had its Seat on Mont-Aventine being chiefly induc'd thereunto by the Arguments us'd by Pet. Lambechius in his Comment de Biblioth Caesar lib. 2. c. 6. In the Twelfth Century there flourish'd in this Family one Leo Anicius Perleonius Count of Mont-Aventine whose Epitaph may be read in Cardinal Baronius's Ecclesiastical Annals ad Annum MC XL. He was descended in a direct Line from the Emperour Flavius Anicius Olybrius and in the Title to his Epitaph is styled The most Noble of the Romans His Son was Peter Leo Anicius Perleonius Count of Mont-Aventine whose Epitaph may be likewise found in the same Ecclesiastical Annals Tom. 12. ad Annum MC XLIV This Peter begat leo Maximus Anicius Perleonius who died in 1162. witness his Epitaph which may be seen to this day before St. Alexius his Church on Mont-Aventine in Rome and is recited by Arnoldus Wion in the First Part of his Lignum Vitae sive Histor Ord. Benedict as likewise by Johan Seifrid Abbot of Wethalen in his Arbor Aniciana lib. 1. c. 8. His Son was Albertus Dives Anicius Perleonius who was driven out of Rome in 1144. by the Arnaldastick Hereticks together with his Brother Rudolph in defence of the Roman See whereupon he travell'd into Switzerland and there married the Daughter of Wernerus last Earl of Habsburg of the Family of Altenburg and by that means became the first Earl of Habsburg of the Anician Perleonian Race See Abbot Seifrid Loc. Cit. c. 12. and lib. 3. Epist Dedicator Whence this Wernerus drew his Extraction the brevity of our present Design will not permit us to discourse those that wou'd be inform'd in that particular may consult amongst others the famous Philip James Spenerus in his Oper. Herald lib. 1. c. 9. § 62. 'T is sufficient for us to know that Albertus Dives Anicius was great Grandfather to Rudolph the fourth Earl of Habsburg and first German Emperour of the Anician Perleonian Family See the Patent of the Emperour Rudolph publish'd and cited by John Stumphius in his Hist Helv. lib. 7. c. 12. His Father was Albert surnam'd The Wise Earl of Habsburg his Mother Hedewig Countess of Kyburn and his Grandfather Rudolph surnam'd The Silent Son of Albertus Dives Anicius Perleonius Earl of Habsburg § II. Rudolph the First whom we shall here set down as the Common Father of the House of Austria was born May 1. 1218. and brought up in the Court of the Emperour Frederick the Second Afterwards made Lord High Mareschal in the Court of Ottocar King of Bohemia Returning home he enter'd on the Government of his own Hereditary Provinces and had frequent Wars with his Neighbours In 1273. he was chosen Emperour by the unanimous Consent of the Princes of the Empire and Crown'd the same Year at Aix la Chappelle But when Ottocar King of Bohemia refus'd him Homage he had a sharp War with him to force him to it Moreover he freed Germany from Robbers had Austria setled on his eldest Son Albert and Schwaben on Rudolph in 1282. at a Dyet then held at Ausburg introduc'd the use of the Teutonick both in publick Acts and private Contracts alienated the Cities of Florence Genoua and Luca from the Empire and declar'd 'em Free States And last of all ended his Days at Germershelm July 15. 1291. having had fifteen Children by his Empress Anne who was Daughter to the Earl of Hohenberg The Daughters were 1. Jutta married to Wenceslaus King of Bobemia and Poland deceased 1292. 2. Clementia to Charles Martell King of Hungary deceased 1295. 3. Maud to Lewis Elector Palatine deceased 1304. 4. Margaret to Diderick Earl of Cleves by some omitted 5. Agnes to Albert the second Duke of Saxony deceased 1311. 6. Hedewig to Otho Marquess of Brandenburg
his End in the Flower of his Age by a very odd Accident in the Year 1498. for going out of a Door at Amboise where he then was to see 'em run at Tilts he struck his Forehead with that violence against the top of it as he was presently after seiz'd by an Apoplexy and fell down dead in the place § X. Wherefore we must look back to Lewis Duke of Orleans mention'd already by us in Sect. VIII Numb 2. This Prince took to Wife Valentine Daughter of Galeazzo Duke of Milan who bare him this following Issue 1. Charles Duke of Orleans and Milan born 1391. 2. Philip deceased without Issue 1420. 3. Margaret born 1406. She married Richard of Bretagne Count d'Estampes and died 1464. 4. John Count d'Angouleme born 1404. of whom more in the next Section as being him in whose Issue the Descent of this Line was continu'd Charles the eldest of these three was taken Prisoner at the Battel of Agin Court and detain'd so in England for the space of five and twenty Years but in the end ransom'd and set at liberty by Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy His death which happened in 1465. was hastned by the Indignation he conceiv'd at having his Counsels despised and laugh'd at by King Lewis XI He was thrice married his first Wife being Isabel Daughter of Charles VI. King of France the Relict of Richard II. King of England his second Bona Daughter of Bernhard Count d'Armanac and his third Mary Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves By these he had four Children 1. Joan married to John Duke of Alençon 2. Lewis XII King of France 3. Mary married to John de Foix Viscount Narbon deceased 1493. 4. Anne Lady Abbess of Tonteurault Lewis XII was advanc'd to the Throne on the death of Charles VIII without Issue and Crown'd 1498. A merciful and gracious Prince sparing of the Money and Blood of his Subjects and therefore very dear to his People and styled by 'em The Father of his Country Yet was he unfortunate through the whole course of his Life witness Thuanus's History lib. 1. His first Wife was Joan Daughter of King Lewis XI a crooked and deform'd Person forced on him notwithstanding his aversion to her and all the Protestations imaginable against the injury done him by the King her Father in hopes of her proving barren Wherefore having obtain'd the Crown he divorc'd her See Im. Hoff. Geneal Gal. in Vitâ Ludov. XII and substituted in her room Anne the Relict of his Predecessor Charles VIII After whose decease he married a third time viz. Mary Daughter of Henry VII King of England nevertheless all his Male Issue died young so that he had only two Daughters namely 1. Claudia born 1499. married to Francis I. King of France And 2. Renata born 1509. married to Hercules Duke of Ferrara § XI Wherefore John Count d'Angoulesme must again appear brought already on the Stage in the last Section Numb 4. He was left in England by his Brother Charles with King Henry V. as a Pledge for an Hundred thousand Crowns and not dismissed 'till thirty Years after During which stay in England he wholly applied himself to the study of Learning and true Piety in which he made so good progress as to be held worthy by the Council of Constance of the Papal Chair which Dignity he nevertheless refused that he might not incense his Prince King Charles VII who was a great Stickler for the deposed Pope Eugenius IV. He married Margaret Daughter of Alan IX Viscount Roban who bore him a Son named Charles Count d'Angoulesme who took to Wife Aloisia Daughter of Philip Count de Bresse afterwards Duke of Savoy by whom he had a Son called Francis born Sept. 12. 1494. This Francis succeeded Lewis XII upon his dying without Issue Male and was Crown'd King of France 1515. He was very prone to Venery and Lewdness which brought him into many and great Inconveniencies He lost the Dutchy of Milan In 1515. the first Year he came to the Crown he overthrew the Swiss at the Battel of Marignan He had great Wars with the Emperour Charles V. by whom he was beaten at the Battel of Pavie in the Year 1525. and being taken Prisoner therein was sent to Madrid Being again set at liberty he began the War afresh but with no better success for in this second War he was wholly beaten out of Italy He had likewise War with Henry VIII King of England which ended in the Year 1546. He was a great Lover of Learning and learned Men whom he advanc'd and had in great esteem He was the first that brought the Custom of selling Offices and Preferments into France He finally abolish'd the Pragmatick Sanction and agreed to the Concordat Moreover he granted Annats to the Pope of Rome His Queens were Claudia Daughter to his Predecessor Lewis XII and Eleanor Daughter of Philip I. King of Spain which last died in the Year 1558. he himself in 1547. leaving Issue a Son and two Daughters The Son was Henry II. of whom in the next Section The Daughters 1. Magdalen married to James V. King of Scotland And 2. Margaret married to Charles Duke of Alençon and after his decease to Henry II King of Navarre § XII Henry II. succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France in 1547 8. He was of a generous Disposition a courageous and warlike Prince He took Metz Toul and Verdun from the Germans and overthrew the Emperour Charles V. in a Field Battel He likewise beat the English out of all their footing in France by taking Calice yet was defeated by the Spaniard with a vast slaughter of his Men at the Battel of St. Quintin Designing to Honour his Sister Margaret's Birth-Day with Festivals and a Tournament in which he would run himself he commanded the Count de Montgomery to run against him as he did but in the Course the Count's Spear shiver'd in pieces and an unlucky Splinter thereof wounded the King so grievously in the Eye that he died within a few Days after July 10. 1559. His Queen was Catharine de Medices Daughter of Laurence Duke of Urbin who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Francis II. who indeed succeeded him but did not long survive him for he was Crown'd King Sept. 8. O.S. 1559. and died Decemb. 5. the Year following He was married to Mary Stuart Daughter of James V. King of Scotland but left no Issue by her 2. Elizabeth or Isabella born 1545. married to Philip II. King of Spain 1559. deceased 1568. 3. Claudia married Feb. 5. 1559. to Charles II. Duke of Lorrain deceased 1575. 4. Lewis deceased an Infant 5. Charles IX born 1550. his Brother's Successor Crown'd King May 15. 1561. His Reign is infamous for the many bloody Battels for the daily Sieges and Sackings of Towns and Cities for the Devastations of Provinces and Slanghters of the Inhabitants occasion'd by the Civil War that then rag'd in France but above all for the barbarous
1615. he married Anna Maria Mauritia Daughter of Philip III. King of Spain whom he had betrothed in 1611. And by her left Issue 1. LEWIS XIV surnamed The Great the present King of France born Aug. 26. O.S. 1638. of whom below And 2. Philip Duke of Orleans Sept. 21. N.S. 1640. whose first Dutchess the Princess Henrietta Maria Stuart Daughter of Charles I. King of England departed this Life in June 1670. And he the next Year married Charlâ—tte Elizabeth Daughter of Charles Lewis Elector Palatine By the first Venture he had 1. Mary Aloisia or Louise born March 27. 1662. married Novemb. 17. 1679. to Charles II. King of Spain deceased without Issue by him 1689. 2. Philip deceased an Infant 3. Another Daughter not named 1665. 4. Anne Mary born Aug. 27. 1669. and most happily married April 9. to Victor Amadeus II. Duke of Savoy He has also a Son and a Daughter by the present Dutchess namely 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1674. And 2. Elizabeth Charlotte Madamoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. As for Lewis the Great the present King he succeed his Father in 1643. and was Crown'd by the Archbishop of Rheims June 7. 1654. of whose Actions I shall say little here since the Eyes of the whole World are upon ' em His Queen was Maria Theresia Daughter of Philip IV. King of Spain who died July 30. 1683. by whom he has only a Son now living namely Lewis XV. surnamed The Hardy the present Dauphin born Nov. 1. 1661. In 1680. he married Maria Anna Christina Daughter of Ferdinand Maria late Elector of Bavaria by whom he has had three Sons whose Names are 1. Lewis Duke of Burgundy born Aug. 6. 1682. 2. Philip Duke of Anjou born Novemb. 19. 1683. And 3. Gaston Duke of Berry born Aug. 31. 1686. But besides the Dauphin the present French King has several Natural Children as namely Mary Anne de Bourbon born 1666. and married in 1680. to Lewis of Bourbon Prince de Conti And Lewis de Bourbon born 1667. Supreme Intendant of the Marine These two were born him by Aloisia Frances de la Beaume la Blanche de la Valiere Dutchess de Vaujour and Peeress of France Daughter of Laurence de la Valiere now a Carmelite Nun by the Name of Sister Aloisia de Misericordia or of Mercy As likewise Lewis Augustus de Bourbon Duke of Main born 1670. and made legitimate three Years after Lewis Caesar de Bourbon Count de Vexin born 1672. deceased 1683. Aloisia Frances de Bourbon Madamoiselle de Nantes born 1673. and married in 1685. to Lewis Duke of Bourbon Aloisia Mary Anne deceased 1681. Lewis Alexander de Bourbon Count de Toulouse born 1678. made Legitimate 1681. Intendant likewise of the Marine And Frances Mary de Bourbon Madamoiselle de Rlois born 1681. Which Six were born him by Frances Athanasia de Rochechouart Gabriel Prince de Mortemar's Daughter and Wife of Henry de Lewis Paidaillan Marquess of Montespan § XVI It remains we now return to Lewis Prince de Conde youngest Son of Charles Duke of Vendôme born 1530. whom we mentioned in the latter end of Sect. XIII Numb 9. He was slain at the bloody Battel of Jarnac 1569. by one Montesque a Captain under the Duke of Anjou notwithstanding he offer'd 100000 Crowns for his Ransom The Issue that survived him were 1. Henry Prince of Conde born 1552. 2. Francis Prince of Conti born 1558. who had only Natural Issue though twice married 3. Charles Archbishop of Roan and Cardinal deceased 1594. 4. Charles Count de Soissons Peer and Grand Master of France born 1566. deceased 1614. leaving Issue 1. Aloisia married to Henry Duke of Longueville deceased 1637. 2. Lewis born 1604. deceased 1641. And 3. Mary born 1606. and married to Thomas of Savoy Prince of Carignan Henry the eldest Brother was a Prince of great Courage and hath his Life finely written by Thuanus in his History Lib. 90. His first Princess was Mary of Cleve Daughter of Francis Duke of Nevers But she dying in 1574. he afterwards married Charlotte Catharine de Tremolle Daughter of Lewis Duke of Thovars and departed this Life 1588. leaving Issue by the last Lady as followeth namely 1. Eleanora born 1587. married in 1606. to Philip William of Nassau Prince of Orange deceased 1619. And 2. Henry II. Prince of Conde born after his Father's decease Sept. 1. 1588. His Princess was Charlotte Margaret Daughter of Henry II. Duke of Montmorency who bore him 1. Anne married in 1642. to Henry Duke of Longueville deceased 1679. 2. Lewis II. Prince of Conde And 3. Armand Prince of Conti of which two apart And first for Lewis He was born in 1621. and justly to be ranked among the greatest Hero's of the Age. He took to Wife Clara Clementia Daughter of Urban Marquess of Breze and departed this Life 1685. to the great Grief of all good Men. His only Son Henry Julius de Bourbon is now living born July 29. 1643. formerly styled Duke d'Enghien but now since his Father's death Prince of Conde His Princess is Anne Daughter of Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine who has born him this following Issue now living 1. Mary Theresia Madamoiselle de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis Duke of Bourbon born 1668. and married 1685. to Aloisia Frances Natural Daughter of the present French King 3. Mary Anne Madamoiselle de Montmorency born 1675. 4. Anne Mary Victoria Madamoiselle d'Enghien born 1676. And 5. Aloisia Benedicta Madamoiselle de Conde born 1678. As for Armand Prince de Conti the other Brother he was born 1629. married to Anne Mary of Montmorency Cardinal Mazarine's Neice by the Sister 1654. deceased 1666. leaving two Sons 1. Lewis de Bourbon Prince of Conti born 1661. In 1680. he took to Wife Mary Anne de Bourbon the King 's Natural Daughter made legitimate yet died without Issue in 1685. And 2. Francis Lewis de Bourbon the now Prince of Conti born 1668. Of the Augmentation of the House of France § XVII IN the Year 861. Robert Earl of Orleans was created Duke and Marquess of the Franks by Charles the Bald King of France to whose Son Eudo the County of Paris was likewise added by Charles the Gross King of France After this Hugh Capet came to be King An. 987. whose Brother Otho having married Leutgarde Daughter and Heiress to the last Duke of Burgundy in her Right possessed himself of that Dutchy Philip II. having defeated John sans Terre King of England brought Normandy Bretagne Anjou Touraine Poictou and Clermont with part of Aquitain under his Obedience and incorporated the same with the Crown Charles Duke of Anjou was Crown'd King of both the Sicily's An. 1266. He likewise became possessed of Provence in Right of his Wife as also of a Title to the Kingdom of Jerusalem by the Donation of Mary Princess of Antioch Charles Martel his Grandson was Crown'd King of Hungary in 1290. in right of his Mother
ended the Government of the Danes in England To him succeeded his Brother by the Mother's side Edward surnamed The Confessor the Son of Ethelred by Emma the Mother of Hardicanute as before He had been preserv'd from Canute by Richard II. Duke of Normandy his Uncle and upon the death of Hardicanute was recall'd from Normandy and Crown'd King in the Year 1042 and Fortieth of his Age. He first brought into the Royal Family the Gift of curing The King 's Evil Reigned Twenty four Years and died without Issue 1065. Upon this Harold II. Son of Earl Godwin by Guitha Sifter of Swaine King of Denmark by the assistance of Edwin and Morcar Earls of York and Chester was preferred to the Crown but enjoy'd it not long for he was slain in Battel Octob. 14. 1066. by § II. William I. Duke of Normandy surnamed The Conquerour first of the Normans that was King of England Natural Son of Robert II. Duke of Normandy by Arletta an obscure Woman who under pretence that Edward the Confessor had by his last Will and Testament transferred the Kingdom to him made a Descent into England and having slain Harold as before was by the unanimous Consent of the Peerage of England Crown'd King 1067. He had a sharp War with Philip I. King of France and after Twenty one Years Reign died at Roan in Normandy Septemb. 9. 1087. He had to Wife Maud Daughter of Baldwin V. Earl of Flanders by whom he had six Daughters and four Sons 1. Cecilie Abbess of Caen in Normandy 2. Constance married to the Earl of Britain 3. Adela to Stephen Earl of Blois Father of King Stephen of whom in his turn 4. Gundred to William Warren first Earl of Surry 5. Ela both died young 6. Margaret both died young His Sons were 1. Robert to whom he bequeathed the Dutchy of Normandy 2. Richard kill'd by a Stagg in New Forest in his Father's Life-time 3. William surnamed Rufus who succeeded his Father in the Kingdom 4. Henry I. surnamed Beauclerk to whom he left his Treasure and a yearly Pension of whom more in the next Section II. William II. born in Normandy 1057. his Brother Robert being in Normandy at the time of his Father's death what by pretext of his Father's Will and the contrivance of Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury was Crown'd Octob. 5. following He had War with the Scots brought Wales under his Obedience but what with that and to secure his Possession against the Claim and Arms of his elder Brother Robert he was necessitated to many a dishonourable Shift whereby to get Money and at last strook dead with an Arrow shot by Sir Walter Tyrel a Norman his Bow-Bearer as they were Hunting in New Forest but whether by accident or otherwise is uncertain Aug. 2. 1100. being the Eleventh Year of his Reign and Forty third of his Age but never married III. Henry I. youngest Son of the Conqueror born in England 1070. his eldest Brother Robert still living but in favour of Henry given out to be chosen King of Jerusalem succeeded his Brother William and was Crown'd in four Days after his death He had long Wars with his Brother Robert upon his return from the Holy War 'till at last having taken him Prisoner he put out his Eyes and threw him in Prison where he died but left no Issue He call'd the first Parliament after the Conquest at Salisbury in 1115. and died of a Surfeit in Normandy Decemb. 2. 1136. in the Sixty seventh Year of his Age and Thirty fifth of his Reign His first Wife was Matilda or Maud Daughter of Malcolm III. King of Scotland by Margaret the Sister of Edgar Atheling right Heir of Edward the Confessor as being descended from Edmond Ironside of whom before by which means the Saxon Line was restor'd in her Issue 1. William born 1102. he married Matilda or Maud Daughter of Foulk Earl of Anjon who with several others were cast away Nov. 26. 1119. 2. Maud the only legitimate Issue that surviv'd him born 1104. she was first married to the Emper our Henry IV. 1110. and after his death to Jeoffry Plantaganet Earl of Anjou 1124. so called from a Sprig of Broom which he wore in his Cap or Bonnet by whom she had King Henry II. His second Wife was Adeliza Daughter of Jeoffry Duke of Lorrain by whom he had no Issue He had seven Natural Sons 1. Robert Earl of Gloucester a Person of great Direction and indefatigable Industry as appear'd by the valiant Assistance he gave his said Sister Maud against King Stephen 2. Richard drown'd with his Brother William 1117. 3. Reinald Earl of Cornwal and Baron of Castle-Combe Nor is there any particular mention of the other Four And as many Natural Daughters Of whom it is only said they were all of them honourably bestowed in Marriage § III. William only Son of Henry I. being lost as before and himself not having Issue by his second Wife he now began to think of setling the Succession and to that purpose call'd another Paaliament 1133. in which all the Lords of the Land took an Oath to be true to his Daughter Maud the Empress and her Heirs and acknowledge them as right Inheritors of the Crown And amongst them IV. Stephen born 1107. Earl of Belogne and Montague Son of Stephen Earl of Blois by Adela third Daughter of the Conquerour was one yet by the working of Henry his Brother Bishop of Winchester the Pope's Legate a Man acceptable to the Nobility at that time altogether govern'd by the Clergy he was set up to the Crown against the undoubted Right of the said Empress and Crown'd on St. Stephen's Day 1135. His first War was with the Scots but during most of his Reign under various Fortune with the said Empress 'till his Children being dead he secur'd the Succession to her Son Henry He died Octob. 25. 1154. in the Forty ninth Year of his Age and Nineteenth of his Reign and had to Wife Maud Daughter and Heir of Eustace Earl of Bologne by whom he had 1. Eustace who died in the Eighteenth Year of his Age. 2. William who died younger His Natural Issue 1. William Earl of Norfolk 2. Gervais Abbot of Westminster who died 1160. V. § IV. To him succeeded Henry II. surnamed Fitz Empress first of the Line of Plantagenet born at Mentz in Normandy 1131. Crown'd King Decemb. 7. 1155. He sought to abate the Power of the Clergy the Effects of which he had felt in the Exclusion of his Mother and advancement of King Stephen but it wrought him great Troubles particularly with Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury touching the Exemption of Clerks from the Secular Power and the Consequence of it stuck to his Family for Sixty Years after He Crown'd his Son Henry King June 14. 1170. in the Seventeenth Year of his Age Sent Strongbow Earl of Chcapstow into Ireland in the same Year who planted the first Colony of English in Wexford went over thither in 1172. Conquer'd
it and wrote himself LORD thereof He suffered much by his Sons Henry and Richard The former broke with him 1173. and died 1183. his Father living The other combin'd with the King of France against him 1188. in which also he engag'd his Brother John which so struck to his Heart that he died of Grief in Normandy and rather burst than bow'd to Fortune July 9. 1189. in the Sixty first Year of his Age and Thirty fourth of his Reign His Wife was Eleanor Daughter of William Duke of Acquitain divorc'd from Lewis VII King of France by whom he had three Daughters 1. Maud married to Henry Duke of Saxony 2. Eleanor to Alphonso VIII King of Castile 3. Joan to William King of Sicily And six Sons 1. William who died young 2. Henry of whom before married to Margaret Daughter of Lewis VII King of France but died without Issue 3. Richard who succeeded his Father born 1155. 4. Jeoffry Earl of Britain married to Constance Daughter of Conan Earl of Richmond by whom he had Arthur Earl of Britain Angiers and Richmond 5. Philip who died young 6. John who succeeded his Brother Richard His Natural Sons 1. William surnam'd Longespee or Long-sword Earl of Salisbury in right of his Wife Ela Daughter and Heir of William Earl of that Place 2. Jeoffry Archbishop of York who after a five Years banishment by his Brother King John died 1213. Both by Rosamond 3. Morgan Provost of Beverly Bishop Elect of Durham By the Lady Blewet VI. Richard I. born at Oxford 1155. surnam'd Coeur de Lycn succeeded his Father and was Crown'd Septemb. 3. 1189. He made an Expedition into the Holy Land the same Year and in his return through Austria was imprison'd by the Emperour Henry VI. to whom he resign'd his Crown nor yet discharged without the payment of 100000 Marks which was accepted notwithstanding the large Profers of the King of France and his Brother John to have him detain'd Upon his coming home he was Crown'd a second time and made War with France where he was slain with a barbed Arrow by one Bertram at the Siege of Chalons in Limosin April 6. 1199. in the Forty fourth Year of his Age and Ninth of his Reign He had to Wife Beringuel Daughter of the King of Navarre but died without Issue After him VII John surnamed Sans Terre born 1166. youngest Son of Henry II. notwithstanding the just Right of Arthur his elder Brother's Son by the means of Hubert Archbishop of Canterbury obtain'd the Crown and was Crown'd by him upon Ascension day 1199. On this Arthur made War upon him in Anjou besieged Mirabel defended by Eleanor Mother of King John who raised the Siege defeated Arthur took him Prisoner and had him murdered in Prison 1202. He lost at that time Normandy to the King of France who took part with Arthur after a Three hundred Years possession by his Ancestors Upon the death of Hubert Stephen Langton a Cardinal being impos'd on him for Archbishop of Canterbury is refus'd by him 1207. The Monks of Canterbury accept him the King expels them as Traitors The Kingdom is interdicted 1208. himself excommunicated 1210. and his Kingdom given to the King of France 1213. He submits and surrenders his Kingdoms of England and Ireland to Pope Innocent III. and became his Feudatory for them at the yearly Tribure of a thousand Marks payable to the said Pope and his Successors does Homage and Fealty for them to Pandulphus his Legate gives up his Crown to him and receives it again two days after This Charter bore date May 15. 1213. and was casually lost by fire at the Council of Lyons but never were any Monies paid upon it or ever demanded since 1366. 40th Edward III. at what time also it was refused He was absolv'd from his Excommunication the same Year and the King of France upon pain of like Excommunication forbidden to proceed further against him as having submitted himself to the Church and the Jurisdiction which had now lasted six Years or better releas'd Yet his Barons cease not to infest him and force two Charters from him to wit Magna Charta and Charta de Foresta 1214 which the Pope nulls and excommunicates the Barons They on the other hand bring in Lewis the King of France his Son who landed May 1. 1216 whom Guallo the Pope's Legate excommunicates In 1210. he erected the Mayoralty of London and further granted to them to have two Sheriffs and a Common Council And notwithstanding all Turmoils at home setled Ireland and brought the English Laws and Coin into that Kingdom and died Octob. 19. 1216. in the Fifty first Year of his Age and Seventeenth of his Reign and as some have said by Poison He had three Wives his first was Alice Daughter of Hubert Earl of Morton He was divorc'd from his second the Daughter of Robert Earl of Gloucester upon the score of Consanguinity and married Isabel Daughter and Heir of Ailmer Earl of Angolesme by whom only he had Issue three Daughters and two Sons His Daughters 1. Joan married to Alexander II. King of Scots 2. Eleanor to William Earl of Pembroke and afterwards to Simon de Montford Earl of Leicester 3. Isabella to the Emperour Frederick II. His Sons 1. Henry who succeeded him in the Kingdom 2. Richard Earl of Cornwal Crown'd King of the Romans 1257. died 1274. As also three Natural Children 1 Joan married to Llewellin Prince of Wales 2. Jeoffry Fitz-Roy who serv'd in France 3. Richard who married the Daughter and Heir of Fulbert de Dover VIII To him succeeded Henry III. born 1208. Crown'd in nine days after the death of his Father and committed to the Tutelage of William Earl of Pembroke Great Marshal of England by whose prudent Management several of the most eminent Barons for sook Lewis and return'd to their Allegiance and with the rest of the Kingdom that stood firm to their young King drove him from place to place and at last gave him a total Rout upon which he came to an Accord and quitted the Kingdom In the Ninth of his Reign he confirm'd the Charters granted by his Father which afterwards he endeavour'd to rescind as done in his minority The most of his Reign was full of Troubles with his Barons headed by the late mention'd Simon de Montfort a French Exile but got into that favour that he was made Earl of Leicester and married the King's Sister as before yet with the Earl of Gloucester and others he fights the King at a place call'd Lewis where they made him and Prince Edward his Son Prisoners 1264. They quarrel about the Dividend The Prince makes his escape 1265. Gloucester joyns him and gives Leicester Battel in which the latter is slain After which the King liv'd seven Years approv'd himself a wise Prince and died Nov 16. 1272. in the Sixty fifth Year of his Age and Fifty sixth of his Reign He had to Wife Eleanor second Daughter of Raymond Earl of
Provence by whom he had two Daughters and six Sons His Daughters 1. Margaret married to Alexander III. King of Scots 2. Beatrice to John I. Duke of Bretain Of his Sons two only surviv'd him 1. Edward I. who succeeded his Father 2. Edmond surnamed Crouch back Earl of Lancaster Father of Thomas who had Issue Henry Earl of Lancaster whose Daughter Blanche was married to John of Gaune fourth Son of King Edward III. of whom more hereafter IX § V. Edward I. born 1240. surnamed Longshanks had under taken the Cross and was in the Holy Land when his Father died However he is proclaim'd King and Fealty sworn to him tho' it were not known whether he were living or dead Upon his return he was Crown'd Aug. 15. 1274. He had found by Experience the Ecclesiastical Power too strong for the Soveraignty whenever they combin'd with the Lay-Nobility and therefore retrench'd them of their Privileges whilst he was in the Opinion and Estimation of the World and in 1275. got the Statute of Mortmain to be enacted whereby to hinder the encrease of their Temporal Possessions and not long after clipp'd the Jurisdiction of Ecclesiastical Judges He slew Leoline the last of the Welsh Princes in Battel and united Wales to the Crown of England 1283. He banish'd the Jews and vacated all their Sureties 1293. He was made Umpire between John Baliol and Robert Bruce for the Crown of Scotland and determined for Baliol who did him Homage 1294. which he afterwards renounc'd but upon the King's entry into Scotland submits and is sent Prisoner into England However the Scots being gotten together under Wallace their Head the King pursued his Enterprize gave them a total Rout at a place call'd Fenkirk and having abolish'd their ancient Laws return'd and brought all their Records and other Evidences of Antiquity with him 1299. On this Robert Bruce Son of Robert the Competitor gets into Scotland where he is received and Crown'd 1306. Is defeated by the Earl of Pembroke 1307. Bruce recovers new Forces the King re-enters Scotland and dies of a Flux July 7. the same Year being the Sixty eighth of his Age and Thirty fifth of his Reign His first Wife was Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand III. King of Castile by whom he had nine Daughters 1. Eleanor married to John Earl of Bar. 2. Joan to Gilbert Earl of Gloucester 3. Margaret to John Duke of Brabant 4. Mary a Nun of Amsbury 5. Elizabeth to John Earl of Holland and after him to Humphrey Bohun Earl of Hereford The rest died young Of his Four Sons Only Edward surviv'd him and was the first Prince of Wales His second Wife was Margaret eldest Daughter of Philip the Bold King of France by whom he had two Sons 1. Thomas of Brotherton Lord Marshal of England and Earl of Norfolk 2. Edmond Earl of Kent beheaded 1328. for endeavouring the Restauration of his deposed Brother King Edward II. X. Edward II. born at Carnarvan 1285. created Prince of Wales March 15. 1304. Crowned Feb. 24. 1307. In 1308. he caused all the Knights Templars throughout England and Ireland to be apprehended and their Order to be dissolv'd as afterwards were the Knights of Rhodes by King Henry VIII 1540. and theiâ— Lands and Possessions seiz'd He seems to have come in with much Expectation but soon lost it by means of a Favourite of his Pierce Gaveston banish'd by his Father but re call'd by him and made Earl of Cornwal Lord of Man and High Chamberlain which so incensed the Nobility that the King is forc'd to banish him more than once but as often re-calling him They take Arms under Thomas Earl of Lancaster their Leader Son of Edmond second Son of King Henry III. whom the Mobb call'd King Arthur and having taken him at Scarborough Castle strike off his Head 1312. During this Disorder at home Bruce was become powerful in Scotland the King enters upon him with a vast Army and is totally routed by him at a place call'd Bannock-Bourn 1314. This and his making Hugh Spencer Earl of Gloucester Son of Hugh Spencer Earl of Winchester Successor in the Office and Favour of the said Gaveston so heightned the former Discontent which was in a manner allay'd that both sides arm anew But the King gets the better takes the Earl of Lancaster and beheads him before his own Castle of Pomfret 1322. Yet this lasted not long for having sent the Queen and his Son the Prince into France instead of accommodating Matters she contracts her Son to Philippa Daughter of William III. Earl of Hainault by whose and the Earl of Holland's assistance she returns with an Army and with her the Prince and Roger Mortimer Lord of Wigmore lately escaped out of the Tower of London but afterwards made Earl of the Marches of Wales by King Edward III. And having taken Bristol with Hugh Spencer the Father in it she caused him to be hanged and quartered without Trial 1326. The King Spencer the Son and others had put to Sea for Ireland but were beaten upon the Coast of Wales where they lay hid for a while in the Abbey of Neth but being discovered Spencer had the same fate with his Father The King was imprison'd and a Parliament call'd to meet at London where upon several Articles exhibited against him it is agreed to depose him as unfit to Govern and elect the Prince his Son Upon which he voluntarily resign'd his Crown to him 1327. in the Nineteenth Year of his Reign About eight Months after which he was most barbarously murdered in Berkley Castle in the â—â—â—â—ty third Year of his Age. His Wife was 〈◊〉 Laughter of Philip the Fair by whom â—he had 1. Joan married to David Prince of Scotland 2. Eleanor to the Dake of Gelders And two Sons 1. Edward born at Windsor 1313. set up to the Crown his Father yet living 2. John of Eltham created Earl of Cornwal 1315. and died in the flower of his Youth in Scotland XI Upon the Resignation of Edward II. his Son Edward III. of the Age of Fourteen Years began his Reign Jan. 20. 1327 and was Crown'd the 25th following The Queen seems heavy at it but being pacified by aâ— Augmentation of Joynture the management of Assairs is committed to five Bishops and seven Temporal Lords 'till the King were or Years to Govern but the Queen and Mortimer act all The Scots enter England and are suffer'd to escape and in 1328. a dishonest rable Peace is made with them To confirm which Joan the King's Sister is married to David Pruce Prince of Scotland and amongst other things the Ragman Roll and Black-Crosâ— of Scotland are given back to them and the King by the working of the Queen and Mâ—â—timer surrenders his Title to the Soveraignty of Scotland and all Evidences relating thereunto For which Mortimer is impeach'd is Parliament and hang'd at Tyburn Nor laster the Peace long for Edward Baliol Son of the aforesaid John Baliol sets up for that Crown and by
born Feb. 11. 1466. design'd Wife to George Nevil Duke of Bedford promised afterwards to the Dauphin courted by her Uncle King Richard III. but at last married to King Henry VII 2. Cecilia to the Viscount VVells and after his decease to Kyme of Lincolnshire 3. Anne to Thomas Lord Howard afterwards Earl of Surrey and Duke of Norfolk 4. Bridget born Novemb. 10. 1480. profess'd in the Nunnery of Dartford 5. Mary promised in Marriage to the King of Denmark but died before its Consummation 6. Margaret born April 19. 1472. died in her Infancy 7. Catharine married to the Lord VVilliam Courtney Son to the Earl of Devonshire His Sons 1. Edward Prince of VVales born Nov. 4. 1470. 2. Richard Duke of York and Norfolk Earl of Nottingham and VVarren both murder'd by the procurement of the Duke of Gloucester their Uncle 1483. 3. George Duke of Bedford died an Infant His Natural Issue Arthur to whom he gave the Name of Plantagenet created Viscount Lisle by King Henry VIII 1523. and died 1542. As also one Daughter Elizabeth Plantagenet married to the Lord Lumley XVII Edward V. succeeded his Father in Title though not in the Crown for being not above Thirteen Years of Age at the death of his Father Sir Anthony VVoodvile Lord Rivers his Mother's Brother was appointed Governour to him and with Richard Gray Marquess of Dorset his Half-brother by the Mother sent to conduct him from Ludlow where he then was to London And on this the Duke of Gloucester his Uncle lays the Foundation of his design'd Usurpation and in order to it there having been some secret Grudge between Edward Duke of Buckingham his Creature and VVilliam Lord Hastings then Lord Chamberlain both Enemies of the Queen's he first reconciles them and then rells them how unreasonable it was that the young King their Master should be in the hands of his Mother's Kinred a new Nobility a thing neither Honourable to his Majesty nor them Whereupon it is agreed That they be remov'd as Enemies On this Gloucester and Buckingham meet the King with all Obedience at Stony Stratford and having secur'd the Lord Rivers and Dorset whom they shortly after beheaded at Powfret bring him to London May 4. 1483. the Queen upon hearing what had pass'd having with her younger Son and Daughters taken sanctuary at Westminster On which the Duke of Gloucester is made Protector of the Realm The next device was how to get the young Duke out of his Mother's hands which she as suspecting the design will by no means consent to However at last what with the Assurance of several of the Privy Council for his safety and Threats of forcing the Sanctuary for him he is deliver'd to the Protector who with all seeming joy brings him to the King his Brother into the Bishop of London's Palace at St. Paul's and thence honourably through the City for the King's security as was given out until his Coronation The Protector all along had made his residence near the Tower and having so tangled Buckingham that he could not safely get off he comes to the point with him on which it is agreed between them That the Protector should have the Duke's aid to make him King and that the Protector 's Son should marry the Duke's Daughter with a Grant to himself of the Earldom of Hereford which he claimed as his Inheritance but could never obtain it in King Edward's time Whereupon Buckingham undertakes for the City with whom he was not the least popular The King now having his Court in the Tower the Council meet there for ordering the Solemnity of his Coronation which was carried on with such forwardness and the Day appointed for it so near at hand that all Mistrust was visibly set aside 'till the Protector having pump'd the Lord Chamberlain by his Friend Catesby and finding no good to be done on him came into the Council June 13. and knitting his Brows arrested him as a Traitor for that he with his Brother's Wife the Queen had attempted his Life by Sorcery And therewith giving a knock a Guard came in who by the Protector 's Command forthwith carried him out and struck off his Head and severally secur'd the rest of the Council Whereupon sending for some of the Chief of the City he made them a fair Tale How himself and the Duke of Buckingham were to have been destroy'd in Council by a Conspiracy of the Lord Chamberlain's And returns them with an Herauld and a Proclamation in the King's Name to satisfie the People There was at that time one Sir Edmond Shaw Lord Mayor of London who upon promise of advancement had been made to their Party as also one Doctor John Shaw Brother to the Mayor and Doctor John Penker Provincial of the Augustine Friars both noted Preachers but of more Fame than either Vertue or Learning And these are the Men must make that Gospel to the People which Catesby had undertaken for Law to the Kingdom And having receiv'd their Instructions accordingly Shaw begins at St. Paul's Cross the Sunday after where upon that Text Spuria Vitulamina c The Bastard-Slips shall not take root he signify'd to the People That not only King Edward IV. and his Brother George Duke of Clarence were not the very Sons of Richard Duke of York but begotten in Adultery on the Dutchess their Mother But that the now King Edward and his Brother Richard Duke of York were both Bastards inasmuch as their Father King Edward IV. at the time that he married the Lady Elizabeth Gray their Mother was precontracted to the Lady Elizabeth Lucy who was his lawful Wife before God Then turning his Discourse to the Protector and his Title render'd him the express Image of the Noble Duke his Father and the very Right Heir of his Body begotten Yet all this took so little with the People that Penker was reserv'd 'till after the Coronation at which time he so lost his Voice that he was forc't to come down in the midst of his Sermon The Tuesday following the Mayor Aldermen and Commoners being assembled in the Guild-Hall the Duke of Buckingham came among them and having rak'd together whatever could be thought of against King Edward IV. and his Government he recapitulated Shaw's Sermon magnified the Protector and his Title to them and concluded from the whole Vae Regno c. Wo to that Realm that hath a Child to its King Neither had this also any effect upon them 'till a pack'd Company at the other end of the Hall throwing up their Bonnets and crying King Richard King Richard the Mayor took it by the end and said it was so goodly and joyful to hear so full a Cry and no one gainsaying it that he would represent it to the Protector the next Morning which accompanied with all the Aldermen and Chief Commoners of the City in their Formalities and conducted by the Duke of Buckingham he accordingly did And the Protector Good Man so utterly refus'd that
Husband out of England and recommends to her the Lord Robert Dudley whom not long after she made Earl of Leicester withal promising That if she would marry him she should by Authority of Parliament be declar'd her Successor in case she died without Issue But whether it were that she disdain'd the one or that she was loth to make a breach with England by accepting the other nothing came of either But having by the leave of Queen Elizabeth gotten Henry Lord Darnly Son of Matthew Stuart Earl of Lenox by Margaret Douglas Niece of Henry VIII by his eldest Sister out of England upon pretence of restoring him to the Possessions of his Father who had been in England as an Exile now twenty years made him Lord Armanack Earl of Ross and Duke of Rothsey a Dukedom by Birth appertaining to the eldest Sons of the Kings of Scotland married him in five Months after and with the Consent of most of the Peers of Scotland declar'd him King about June 1565. A Person of a Princely Presence and not above Nineteen Years of Age. The Prior of St. Andrew's the Queen 's base Brother but one that more affecting a Temporal Honour than a Spiritual Title had been made Earl of Murray had under-hand dealt with Queen Elizabeth to have prevented this Marriage in excuse of which the Queen was let know She had no reason to be displeased with it inasmuch as she had follow'd her Advice Not to marry a Stranger but an Englishman born Nor perhaps was Queen Elizabeth much troubled at it as knowing the mild Disposition of the Lord Darnly and how little of Strength it added to the Queen of Scots but on the contrary foreseeing it would beget Troubles in Scotland which was the Security of England However it were the Queen of Scots being brought to Bed of a Son June 19. 1566. she sent Queen Elizabeth notice of it who congratulated her safe Deliverance and her Son and was his Godmother and by her and the respective Ambassadours of Charles King of France and Philibert Duke of Savoy gave him the Name of Charles James in whom afterwards in Right of his said Mother the Crowns of England and Scotland came to be united Murray thus disappointed where he least expected complies with the present and strikes in with the yet Inadvertency of the young King and makes a Division between the Queen and him which his Instruments so improv'd with her that whereas before in publick Acts she had used to place her Husband's Name first she now caused it to be placed last and in her Coin began to leave it out quite Nor was the Breach yet so wide but it might have been clos'd again had not Murray created a Jealouâ—ie in him concerning one David Rizie an Italian the Queen's Secretary and told him plainly it stood not with his Honour to suffer him to live which so netled the King that rushing one Evening into the Queen's Chamber when she was at Supper he caused the said Rizie to be dragg'd out of her presence and murder'd of which afterwards the King grew so sensible that he threatned a Revenge upon Murray who had counsell'd him to it which the other prevented in striking the first Blow by procuring the King to be strangled in his Bed his Body thrown into the Garden and the House immediately blown up the Queen whatever the Rumour of the People were least doubitng her Brother Murray And here comes his Master-piece The Earls of Bothwell and Morton had been his Confederates in the Murder and when the Days of Mourning were a little over Murray by himself and his Instruments insinuates to her the danger of the Kingdom by her being thus left alone and advises her to marry some one that might be able to assist her against all her Opposers and after some time recommends Bothwell to her a Person in favour with her and of great Eminence for his Valour To which being destitute of Friends she at last consents provided due respect might be had to her young Son and that Bothwell legally acquit himself of her Husband's Murder Whereupon Bothwell stands his Trial and is acquitted by his Judges On which the Queen makes him Duke of Orkney and by Consent of many of the Nobility marries him 1567. And now Murray is where he would be for having during Queen Mary's abode in France by his Patriarch Knox and his Chaplain Buchannan under PRETENCE of Reformation embroil'd the Kingdom by affirming That Royalty was not tied to any Stock or Kindred but Vertue only whether the Parties were legitimate or not thereby making way to the Kingdom for himself and not being able to have hindred the Queen's second Marriage made a Discord between her and him whom he afterwards murder'd this Murray the same Man that had acquitted Bothwell and not only advis'd but promoted his Marriage with the Queen now takes Arms against her as privy to Bothwell's Murder of her Husband On this Bothwell finding himself out-witted flies into Denmark and Murray seizes the Queen and vilely threw her into Prison in Loch-levyn under the Custody of his Mother the Concubine of James V. but now boasting herself to have been his Wife and her Son his lawful Issue During which time Knox and his Disciples thunder against her from the Pulpits Buchannan with his De Jure Regni apud Scotos and Murray with his armed Logick so terrifie her that she resign'd her Kingdom to her Son scarce Thirteen Months old and made Murray Regent of Scotland during his Minority alledging to Queen Elizabeth for her so doing That she had done it through the Counsel of her-Ambassadour Throckmorton who told her That a Grant extorted from one in Prison which is a just Fear is actually void and of none effect However on this the young King was Crown'd and Murray proclaim'd Regent but the Queen still kept in Prison from whence after Eleven Months imprisonment by the help of one of the Douglas's she makes an escape to Hamilton-Castle where in a meeting of a great part of the Nobility this extorted Resignation of the Queen's is declar'd actually void from the beginning Whereupon Multitudes flock in to her but being undisciplin'd they are defeated by Murray Herself nevertheless making an escape into England landed at Wickington in Cumberland May 17. 1568. having first sent her Servant Beaton to Queen Elizabeth to intimate her Intention with a Diamond Ring also which she had formerly receiv'd from her as a Pledge of mutual Amity Nor was she sooner landed than she wrote her a Letter thereby declaring her Condition and withal desiring she might be conducted to her Presence To which Queen Elizabeth by a Letter sent by Sir Francis Knolles return'd her a comfortable Answer and promised her Aid and Defence according to the Equity of her Cause but deny'd her access for that she was held guilty of many Crimes and therefore order'd her to be brought to Carlisle From thence she seconded her first Letter
Quarter'd the Arms thereof Henry V. Conquer'd most of the Kingdom Henry VI. was Crown'd King of France in Paris 1432. James VI. King of Scotland made an Accesion of that Crown to England 1603. and first Quarter'd the Arms of England and Ireland â—ith those of Scotland Beside which the English have superadded several Plantations in America as Virginia 1584. the Bermudaes 1591. Barbadoes Nowingland 1606. Mary-land about 1632. Jamaica 1656. Besides Nova Scotia one half of 〈◊〉 Christopher's Hudson's Bay Now-York Carclina Pensylvania Several other Places of Trade also in the East-India's and Tangier in Africa 1668. but demolish'd in as not worth the charge 〈◊〉 keeping it Of its Decreasings § IX THe greatest Loss it receiv'd has been from France for whereas about the Year 1432. what by Hereditary Right what by Marriages what by Conquest and Submission of the People it had in a manner the whole Kingdom It lost in 1450. not only its New Acquests but Hereditary Provinces to Charles VII King of France who by means of the Civil Wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster so forc'd the English out of France that they retain'd only Callice which also was lost by Queen Mary 1558. However it yet continues the Title and Arms of France other than which it makes no Pretensions nor have those been set on foot for near 150 Years last past CHAP. IV. Of the House of Denmark § I. THere is nothing more certain than that the Danes have had their peculiar Kings for many Ages past whom Historians generally distinguish by eight Periods See Pontanus's Danish History lib. 7. and Beckman's Civil History c. 5 Sect. 6. The Seventh of these Periods is that of the Suenonidae or English-Danes so called from Sueno or Swain-Ethrick whose Ancestors according to Saxo the Grammarian in the 10th Book of his Danish History had a Bear for their first Progenitors For he says That Ulso who was Sueno's Father had one Ursus or Biorno for his Grandfather begot by the monstrous Copulation of a Wild Beast with a young Virgin About the Year 1346. Woldemar the Third descended of this Family was King of Denmark who after a Peace made with Schmeek Magnus King of Sueden brought the Country of Scandinavia under his Jurisdiction in the Year 1360. afterwards in 1363. he obtained Gotland also upon another Peace then concluded with King Albert. He had also Wars with the Hans-Town and dyed 1375. leaving only a Daughter named Margaret whom he gave in Marriage to Haquin second Son of Erick King of Sweden by whom she had Issue Olaus the Sixth who upon his Father Haquin's Decease which happened in 1380. succeeded both to Denmark and Sweden as well as Norway but dyed an untimely Death seven Years after viz. 1387. Whereupon the Government by the consent of the Nobility of Denmark and Norway return'd to Queen Margaret but the Swedes elected Albertus Duke of Mecklenburgh to be their King with whom Queen Margaret was soon engag'd in a War being provoked thereunto by him wherein proving Victorious and taking him Prisoner caused her self to be elected Queen An. 1396. She adopted for her Successor Prince Erick Son of Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania and Grandson of her Sister Ingeburg Wife of Henry the Second Duke of Mecklenburg by her Daughter Mary who at a Convention of the States held at Calmar in 1397. was elected King of the Three Northern Crowns an Hereditary Union being then made by which it was Enacted that for the future the Three Northern Kingdoms should be Govern'd by one and the same Scepter As for Queen Margaret the Danish Semiramis for so she is often stiled she departed this Life in the Year 1412. After which King Erick not so well acquainted with the Arts of Governing as she had been soon drew upon himself the Odium of his People insomuch that in the Year 1439. he was depos'd by 'em and had his Crowns taken from him chiefly on pretence that he had not observ'd his Promises nor kept his Coronation Oath but rather on the contrary opposed a Free Election by naming Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania to succeed him In his room they substituted Prince Christopher his Sister Sophia's Son by her Husband John Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Bavaria which Christopher died without Issue 1448. notwithstanding he had Married Dorothy Daughter of John Marquess of Brandenburg and by this means put an end to the ancient Royal Family of Denmark § II. In this state of Affairs they Elected Adolph Earl of Holstein to be King but he modestly declined the Crown when offered either out of a consideration of the Infirmity of his great Age or else doubtful what might be the success of the Danish Affairs But withal earnestly recommended to their choice Christian Count Oldenburg his Sister's Son who was thereupon Elected and Crowned King by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility as we shall show more at large in the following § 'T will here be expected we should give some account of the Original of this Family of Oldenburg but indeed it is so hid in the Clouds if we may so say by reason of its great Antiquity that little of certainty can be picked out For altho' it be the common Tradition that it is deriv'd from the Posterity of Witikin the Saxon and namely from the Counts of Ringelheim yet Reinerus Renneccius and others think it most advisable to leave things as they find 'em and affirm nothing in so doubtful a matter However they say that towards the end of the Tenth Century one Otho was Earl of Oldenburg who had a certain wonderful Horn given him by a Spirit or Apparition which is to be seen to this day in the Castle of Oldenburg and that he was Father of John Conrade and Rixa That John begat Huno the Glorious Father of Frederick who in the end became a Monk and left a Will by which he made his Cozen Elimar his Heir which Elimar was Son to his great Aunt Rixa by her Husband Hoio Lord of Friezland in Pottenburg and Memmenburg whose Pedigree they also derive from the above-named Witikin That Elimar by Virtue of this Will possess'd himself of the Earldom notwithstanding all the opposition of Milo Count Alvensleb Grand-son of the above-named Conrade and so became the first Count of Oldenburg of his Line Amongst this Princess's Children we find mention made of Elimar the Second who begat Christian the Warlike Father of Maurice by his Wife Cunigund Countess of Locken which Maurice after manifest proofs of his Courage on all occasions retired to a Monastery and was succeeded in the County by his Son Christian the Second Christian the Second had Issue 1. John the First of whom by and by again 2. Otho the Third who by his Charter erected the Town of Delmenhorstan into a City and Founded the Cathedral there An. 1265. 3. Theodorick or Diderick Elected Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia An. 1335. in the 80th Year of
his Age. John the Eldest of these Three had two Sons I. Christian the Third who in the Division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother had the County of Delmenherstan for his Patrimony in which he was succeeded by his Son Christian whose Grand-Daughter Adelheid by his Son Otho the Simple was married to Theodorick or Diderick the happy Earl of Oldenburg II. John the Second who in the division aforesaid had the County of Oldenburg settled on him and was Father of Conrade by his Wife Margaret Countess of Lippe Conrade begat Christian the Fifth Canon of Cologne who seeing his Brother Maurice like to die with Issue Male quitted his Canonry and married Agnes of Hohenstein by whom he had 1. Christian the Sixth taken and Imprisoned by the Inhabitants of Bremen and not dismissed but on very hard terms he afterwards died without Issue And 2. Theodorick or Diderick the Happy who by a Marriage with his Cozen Adelheid Heiress of Delmenhorst reunited the two Counties After her Decease he took a Second Wife namely Hedewig Sister of Adolph Earl of Holstein who bore him three Sons Christianus the First born 1425. Maurice and Gerrard § III. Of these Christian the First as has been already observed in the beginning of the last § was elected King of Denmark and Norway in the Year 1448. and ten Years after of Sweden also tho' he lost that Kingdom again in a few Years after He purchased the County of Holstein for 34000. and restored that of Sleswick to the Crown He likewise obtain'd of the Emperour Frederick the Third the Investiture of the Dutchy of Holstein and open'd an University at Copenhagen on the first of June 1479. His Queen was Dorothy the Relict of his Predecessor King Christopher by whom he had this following Issue 1. Margaret given in Marriage to James the Third King of Scotland together with the Isles of Orkney lying in the Northern Seas as security for her Dowry which was to be Fifty Thousand Florins 2. John born 1455. And 3. Frederick of whom more in the next Sect. John succeeded his Father in the Throne and was Crown'd King of Denmark and Norway in the Year 1483. About five or six Years after he reduced Sweden and was Crown'd there also He once more separated the Dutchy of Holstein and Sleswick from the Crown and divided them 'twixt him and his Brother Frederick In 1500 he suffered a great defeat from the Rebellious Inhabitants of Dietmarsh and was also outed by the Swedes some time after In the Year 1513. he departed this Life of a Fever which he took by a fall from his Horse in the Water leaving Issue by Queen Christina Daughter of Ernestus Elector of Sax. only one Son and a Daughter namely I. Elizabeth born 1455. Married to Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburgh 1502. Deceased a Widow 1555. II. Christianus the Second born 1481. The undutiful Son of a most Indulgent Father whose Curse at length he drew upon his Head In his Father's Life-time he was elected to succeed him in his Kingdoms of Denmark Norway and Sweden His Paramour was the fair Columbula whom he kept with a certain Old Woman named Sigberta wholly enslaving himself to her Will He refused the Proposals of a Reconciliation with his Uncle Frederick in the Year 1519. and making an Expedition into Sweden seized on the Capital City of Stockholm caused himself to be Crown'd King and was Author of the bloody Slaughter there Afterwards he was Outed of all his Kingdoms and forced to fly into the Low-Countries from whence returning he was seized and confined by his Subjects and at length ended his Days in 1559. in the Seventy Eighth Year of his Age. The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Isabella Sister to the Emperour Charles the Fifth by whom he had only two Daughters that out-liv'd him his Son John dying in the Hungarian Service ' gainst the Turks An. 1532. The Daughters names were 1. Dorothy born 1515 married to Frederick the Second Elector Palatine Deceased 1580. And 2. Christina born 1573 whose first Husband was Francis Storza Duke of Milan and after his Decease Francis Duke of Lorrain She dyed 1590. § IV. We must now look back to Frederick the First elected King of Donmark and Norway in the Year 1523. by the unanimous consent of the Nobility upon their rejecting King Christian This Prince abrogated the Act of Hereditary Union of the Three Northern Cowns in the Year 1524. at a Convention of the States then held at Malmugen He made Profession of the Reformed Religion and after he had thrown out the Monks in 1527. introduced the same into his Countries He was twice married his first Wife being Anne Daughter of John Cicero Elector of Brandenburg who dyed 1521. And his second Sophia Daugher of Bogâ—slans the Tenth Duke of Pemeranta Deceased 1568. By these he had Issue I. Dorothy born 1494. Married to Albert Duke of Prussia Deceased 1547. II. Christianus the Third born 1503. of whom more in the next Sect. III. John Surnam'd The Elder born 1521. Deceased without Issue 1580. IV. Elizabeth Married in 1542. to Magnus and after his Decease in 1556. to Ulrick Dukes of Meckleburg she dyed 1586. V. Anne Deceased of the Plague VI. Dorothy Married to Christopher Duke of Meckelburg in 1573. Deceased 1575. VII Adolph the First Duke of Sleswick born 1526. of whom more hereafter in the Ducal Line of Sleswick VIII Frederick Bishop of Hildesheim born 1529. Deceased Oct. the 27th 1556. § V. Of these Christian the Third succeeded to the Throne about the Year 1537. the beginning of whose Reign was perplexed with many Difficulties all which he Master'd in the end He established the Reformed Religion throughout his Dominions and caused the Holy Bible to be Translated into the Daniso Tongue and above all made it his chiefest care to enjoy a peaceable and quiet Reign He departed this Life 15â—â— leaving behind him the Character and Example of a Devout Peaceable and Excellent Prince By his second Marriage which was with Dorothy Daughter of Magnus Duke of Sax-Lawenburg he had live Children the Daughters being Anne and Dorothy the first Married to Augustus Elector of Saxony the other to Ulrick Duke of Lunenburg The Sons names were 1. Magnus Bishop of Derpte in Livonia who with the assistance of the Russe attempted but in vain the Reduction of Livonta He departed this Life in Poland An. 1585. leaving only a Daughter who being carried into Muscovy by her Mother who was John Basilides the Czaâ—'s Daughter was there Educated and Married to Albert Janowitz Lord High Chancellor of that Country 2. John the Second Progenitor of the Ducal Line of Holstein of whom more in the Eleventh Section And 3. Frederick the Second Eldest of the Three tho' last named who succeeded to the Throne after his Father's Decease in the Year 1559. This Prince gave the Isle of hay to Tycho Brahe that he might the better be at leisure to make
Munster and Osenburg in 1648. He had the Lower Palatinate and Bergstrasse restored him and was constituted the Eighth Elector and Chief Treasurer of the Empire At the same time was the University of Heidelberg restored Liberty of Conscience granted the Protestants Measures taken for restoring Peace to the Church and Manheim repaired Upon the Decease of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third there was a Dispute betwixt him and the Elector of Bavaria touching their right to the Vicarship of the Empire during the Inter-regnum He had also several Contests for the Wildtangiate In 1650. he took to Wife Charlotte Daughter of William the Fifth Landtgrave of Hesse who afterwards was parted from him and returned home upon some Discontents that arose between ' em Nevertheless he had Issue by her Charlotte Elizabeth born 1652. and married in 71. to Philip Duke of Orleans the present French King's only Brother and Charles born March 31. 1651. who indeed succeeded him but out-liv'd him only five Years deceasing May 16. 1685. and that without Issue notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Wilhelmina Ernestina Daughter of Frederick the Third late King of Denmark and Sister to Christian the Fifth the present King Moreover 't is to be noted of Prince Charles Lewis the Father that besides the Princess of Hesse his lawful Wife he super-induced another whose name was Lovise Degenfeld by whom he had this Issue living at his Death 1. Charles Lewis the Rhinegrave born 1658. 2. Charlotte born 1659. and married to Meinhard Count Schomberg 1683. 3. Lovise born Jan. 15. 1661. 4. Aemilia Elizabeth born March 22. 1663. 5. Charles Edward born May 9. 1668. 6. Charles Maurice Dec. 30. 1670. 7. Charles Auguste Oct. 9. 1672. And 8. Charles Casimire Apr. 22. 1675. § XII 'T is now time that Lewis surnamed The Black mentioned by us in the seventh Section Numb 3. be brought once more on the Stage In the division of the Hereditary Provinces 'twixt him and his Brother Frederick he obtain'd the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts and County of Veldentz for his Patrimony wherein he was succeeded at his death An. 1489. by his Son Alexander who marrying the Lady Margaret Daughter of Crato Earl of Hohenloh had Issue Lewis the Second born 1502. George Canon of Cologne and Triers and Rupert who became possessed of the Counties of Lautereck and Veldentz by the grant of his Nephew Wolfgang of Newburg and was succeeded in the same by his Son George John who by the donation of his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector became possessed of the County of Lutzelstein also and departed this Life 1592. leaving Issue by Anne Mary Daughter of Gustavus King of Sweden as followeth 1. George Gustavus born Feb. 6. 1564. 2. Anne Margaret married to Richard Count Palatine in Simmeren An. 1591. 3. Ursula born 1573. married to Lewis Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Mompelgart 1585. deceased 1636. 4. John Augustus born 1575. deceased without Issue Sept. 18. 1611. 5. Lewis Philip born 1577. and Slain at Heidelberg by accident in a Tournament An. 1601. 6. Joan Elizabeth born 1579. deceased 1599. 7. George John born 1586. whose Wife was the Lady Daughter of Otho Henry Count Palatine in Sultzbach by whom he had four Children but none of them out-liv'd him Wherefore George Gustavus who departed this Life 1634. was the only Propagator of the Branch of Veldentz having had by his Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John the First Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts this following Issue namely 1. Anne Magdalen born 1602. and married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg she died 1630. 2. John Frederick Colonel of the Swedish Regiment deceased 1632. 3. Charles Lewis who likewise serv'd under His Swedish Majesty and died of his Wounds at Wolmerstadt July 17. 1631. 4. Magdalen Sophia born Nov. 24. 1622. deceased 1631. 5. Mary Sibilla who was an Abbess and died 1649. 6. Leopold Lewis born Feb. 1. 1625. By the Peace of Osenbrug he recovered the County of Veldentz and in 1654. he became possessed of that of Lutzelstein also by right of Inheritance Nevertheless in the last French War he was beat out of all and has ever since liv'd in Exile His Children by the Princess Agatha Christina Daughter to Philip Wolfgang Count of Hanaw are 1. Anne Sophia born 1650. 2. Gustavus Philip born 1651. deceased 1679. 3. Elizabeth Joan born 1653. and married to John Rhinegrave in Mortchingen 4. Christina born 1654. deceased the Year following 5. Christian Lewis born 1656. deceased 1658. 6. Dorothy born 1658. 7. Leopold Lewis 1659. deceased 1660. 8. Charles George born May 27. 1660. and Slain at the Storming of Buda 1686. 9. Agatha Eleanor born 1662. deceased 1664. And 10. Augustus Leopold born 1663. and Slain at the Siege of Mentz 1689. § XIII We must now look back to Lewis the Second of whom we made mention in the beginning of the last Section He succeeded his Father Lewis the Black and had the Dutchy of Dexu Ponts settled on him as also the Counties of Veldentz and Sponheim out of all which Provinces he totally extirpated the Romish Religion and embraced Luther's Faith He departed this Life in the Year 1532. and was succeeded by his Son Wolfgang born 1526. This Wolfgang had Newburg on the Danube and Sultzbach afterwards given him by his Kinsman Otho Henry the Elector Whereupon he made over the Counties of Veldentz and Lautereck to his Uncle Rupert Afterwards he order'd by his Will that his Posterity should Branch themselves into two Lines viz. Deux-Ponts and Newburg and that in both the Right to Succession by Birth-right should be observ'd to Newburg he subjected Sultzbach as Birkenfeld to Deux-Ponts His Death fell in the Year 1569. at which time he had Four Sons surviving by his Wife the Princess Anne Daughter of Philip the Stout Landtgrave of Hesse whose names were Philip Lewis born Oct. 1. 1547. John the First born May 18. 1550. Otho Henry July 22. 1556. deceased 1604. and Charles Propagator of the Branch of Birkenfeld Sept. 4. 1560. Of the Line of Newburg § XIV PHilip Lewis in whom this Line began was a Prince famous for his great Prudence in the Government of his Family as also for his Zeal to Religion He departed this Life in the Year 1614. leaving Issue by Anne Daughter of William Duke of Cleve 1. Anne Mary born Aug. 12. 1575. married to Frederick William the first Duke of Sax-Altenburg deceased Feb. 1. 1643. 2. Dorothy Sabina born 1576. deceased 1598. 3. Wolfgang William born Oct. 28. or 29. 1587. 4. Otho Henry born 1580. deceased 1587. or 1598. 5. Augustus Author of the Branch of Sultzbach born Oct. 2. 1582. of whom and his Posterity we shall say more in the next Section when we come to treat of that Branch 6. Aemilia Hedewig born 1584. deceased 1607. And 7. John Frederick born Aug. 23. 1587. deceased 1647. His Wife was Sophia Agnes Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt by whom he had Six Children yet not one of them survived
he had Issue as followeth 1. Elizabeth Lovise Lady Abbess of Hervorden born 1613. 2. Frederick born Ap. 5. 1614. deceased 1661. His Princess was Anne Juliana of Nassan by whom he had Issue only Daughters namely 1. Elizabeth born 1642. married to Victor Amadeus Prince of Anhult 1667. deceased Ap. 17. 1677. 2. Sophia Amalia born 1646. and married in 1678. to Sigfrid Count de Hobenlâ—â— 3. Charlotte Frederica born 1653. and espoused to William Lewis Count Wherefore Frederick dying without Issue Male the Succession to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts fell to his Consin-Germain Frederick of Landsberg mentioned by us a little above 3. Catharine Charlotte born 1615. married to Wolfgang William Duke of Newburg 1631. deceased March 20. or 21. 1651. 4. Anne Sibilla born 1617. deceased 1641. 5. John Lewis born 1619. deceased 1647. 6. Juliana Magdalen born 1621. affianced to Frederick Lewis Count Palatine in Landsbery in 1644. deceased Marchs 5. 1672 7. Mary Aemilia born 1622. deceased 1641. Now follows John Casimire youngest Son of Duke John the First who Travelled into Sweden where he performed many notable Services for Charles the Ninth King of that Country both against the Poles and Denes In 1615. he married the Princess Catharine Daughter of the said King and died 1652. leaving Issue 1. Christina Magdalen born 1616. married to Frederick the Third Marquess of Baden Durlach deceased 1662. 2. Charles Gustavus born Nov. 8. 1622. to whom Queen Christina gave up the whole Kingdom of Sweden with all its Claims and Dependencies His Queen was Hedewig Eleanor Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick now a Widow by whom he had Issue Charles the Eleventh the present King of whom and his Issue see more above in the Swedish Family 3. Mary Euphrosyna born Feb. 4. 1625. espoused by Magnus Gabriel Count de la Gardie Arch-Drozet of Sweden deceased in Decemb. 1687. 4. Eleanor Catharine the late Relict of Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse in Eschwegen born May 17. 1626. deceased 16 5. Adolph John born Oct. 11. 1629. deceased Oct. 14. 1689. possessed of a very large Estate in Sweden where he married two Wives the first being Elizabeth Beata Daughter of Peter Brahe Earl of Wisenburg deceased 1653. The other Elizabeth Daughter of Nicholas Brahe Erick Count Oxenstern late Lord Chancellor of Sweden's Widow deceased also last March 1689. His Children now living are two Sons and as many Daughters namely Adolph John born Aug. 13. 1666. Gustavus Samuel born Ap. 2. 1670. Catharine An. 1661. And Mary Elizabeth 1663. Of the Branch of Birckenfeld § XVII WE are now come to mention Charles youngest Son of Wolfgang Duke of Newburg and Deux-Ponts who propagated the Branch of Birckenfeld by a Marriage with the Princess Dorothy of Lunenburg of the Line of Zell who bore him a Daughter named Sophia married to Crato Earl of Hohenloh deceased Nov. 6. 1676. And Three Sons 1. George William 2. Christian And 3. Frederick born 1594. deceased a Bachellor 1626. In the Issue of the Two first the Branch of Birckenfeld subdivided it self into two lesser Branches that of Birckenfeld properly so called and that of Bischweiler The first began in George William born 1593. who had the Territory of Birckenfeld for his Portion and took the Lady Dorothy of Solms to his first Wife who dying in the Year 1625. he was re-married to the Rhinegrave Juliana from whom he was afterwards divorced and thereupon espoused the Lady Anne Elizabeth of Ettingen his third and last Wife His Death bears date 1669. And his Children by the first Venture were 1. Anne Sophia born Ap. 2. 1619. deceased 1680. she was Lady Abbess of Quedlingburg 2. Juliana and deceased both in their Infancy 3. Elizabeth deceased both in their Infancy 4. Charles Otho a Valiant Champion of the Gospels deceased 1672. whose Wife was Hedewig Crato Count Holenloh's Daughter by whom he had Issue Charles William deceased an Infant 1660. Charlotte Sophia Elizabeth born 1661. And Hedewig Eleanor Dorothy in 1663. 5. Mary Magdalen born 1622. and married to Anthony Gunther Count Swartzburg An. 1644. Return we now to Christian of Bischweiler born 1598. deceased Aug. 10. 1654. whos 's two Wives were Magdalen Catharine Daughter of John the Second Duke of Deux Ponts and Mary Joan of Helfenstein By the first of which he had Issue 1. Dorothy Catharine born July 3. 1634. and married to John Lewis Count Nassau in Otweiler 2. Lovise Sophia born 1635. as yet unmarried 3. Christian the Second born June 22. 1637. In 1667. he married the Lady Catharine Agatha Daughter of John James the last Earl of Rappolstein deceased 1683. by whom he has Issue now living Magdalen Claudia born 1668. Charlotte Wilhelmina 1672. And Christian the Third Nov. 7. 1674. 4. John Charles born Oct. 17. 1638. a Prince of great Experience in Military Affairs In 1685. he took to Wife Sophia Amalia Daughter of Frederick Duke of Deux-Ponts Sigfrid Count Hohenloh's Widow brought to Bed of a Daughter Feb. 1. 1686. 5. Anne Magdalen born 1640. and married to John Rheinhard Earl of Hanâ—â—lt Oct. 18. 1659. Of the Bavarian Line § XVIII IT has already been observed in the second Section of this Chapter that Lewis the Third was third Son of Elector Lewis the First He was Born 1277. carefully brought up by his Mother at Vienna in Austria had the Upper Bavaria for his Patrimony and was elected Emperor 1314. After the decease of his Cousin John Duke of the Lower Bavaria who had married his Daughter he entered on the Possession of the greatest part of his Inheritance He likewise seized on the Electorate of Brandenburg upon the death of Woldemar Marquess thereof bestowing the same on his own Son Lewis Moreover he had War with Frederick the Fair Arch-Duke of Austria whom he took Prisoner in the end An. 1324. and was likewise at variance with the Pope who plagued him very much In 1347. he died of an Apoplexy occasioned by his Bodies being grievously bruised by a fall from his Horse as he was hunting the Bear having had to his first Wife the Lady Beatrix of Glogaâ—â— and William Earl of Holland and Zealand's Daughter to his Second His Issue by the first were 1. Lewis the Fourth who had the Marquisate of Brandenburg given him by his Father An. 1319. which he defended against the pretended Woldemar and his adherents He deceased in the Year 1361. having had to Wife Margaret Maultaschen Daughter of Henry Duke of Carinthia and Stiria Earl of Tirole c. And by her an only Son named 1. Mainhard who followed his Father by a too hasty Fate An. 1363. 2. Mechtildis or Maud married to Frederick Landtgrave of Thuringe and Marquess of Misnia deceased 1346. 3. Beatrix affianced to Charles Martel King of Hangary deceased 1315. 4. Stephen surnamed Fibularus of whom in the next Section as Preserver of the Line 5. Anne or as others Agnes deceased 1353. Children of the Emperor Lewis by his second Wife 1. Lewis surnamed The Roman who had the
to Wife Agnes Daughter of Barnim the Eighth Duke of Pomerania of whom Two Daughters surviv'd Magdalen born 145 and married to Eitelfrederick the Fourth of Hoben Zollern and Agnes to George the Younger of Anhalt 5. Elizabeth born 1402. she was married to Lewis Duke of Lignitz 1418. and died 1450. 6. Cecily married to William the Viciortous Duke of Brunswick 1423. deceased 1449. 7. Margaret married to Lewis the Crooked Duke of Bavaria An. 1438. deceased 1465 8. Magdalen affianced to Frederick the Pious Duke of Lunenburg An. 1430. deceased 1480. 9. Dorothy born Feb. 9. 1420. married to Henry the Gross Duke of Meckleburg deceased 1477. And 10. Sophia who died in her Infancy and is by some omitted § III. Thus came the Government into the hands of Albert the First who by reason of the many Battels he had been in was stiled the German Achilles He was of such Authority in the Empire as the Emperor would undertake nothing without him so that it became a common saying That Albert Governed the Empire by Frederick the Emperor He confirm'd the Act of mutual Succession with the Families of Saxony and Hesse and had a very sharp War with Lewis the Rich Elector of Bavaria as also afterwards with the City of Nuremberg He departed this Life An. 1486. during the Session of that Dyet wherein Maximilian the First was elected King of the Romans having some Ten Years before given up the Administration of Affairs to his Son John and seated himself in Franconia from whence as from an advanced Ground he might the better observe his Actions In 1446 he took to Wife Margaret Daughter of James Marquess of Baden who dying in 1457. He the next Year married Anne Daughter of Frederick the Second Elector of Saxony who died 1512. By these Ladies he had a numerous Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Frederick deceased in their Infancy 2. Wolfgang deceased in their Infancy 3. Ursula born Sept. 24. 1450. married to Henry Duke of Munsterberg Feb. 10. 1467. deceased 1503. 4. Elizabeth born Nov. 29. 1451. married to Eberhard the Second Duke of Wurtenburg June 3. 1465. deceased Ap. 15. 1524. 5. Margaret Lady Abbess of St. Clare in the City Hoff born Ap. 18. 1453. deceased 1509. 6. John the Second born Aug. 2. 1455. of whom in the next Section 7. Frederick the Fourth born May 2. 1460. of whom below as Author of the Franconian Line 8. Aemilia born Oct. 1. 1461. and married after the decease of her first Husband Lewis Elector Palatine who died 1478. to Gaspar Palatine of Deux-Ponts she died 1481. 9. Anne deceased an Infant 1462. 10. Barbara born May 30. 1464. married in the 9th Year of her Age July 30. 1473. to Henry the last Duke of Glogaw and Crossen deceased a Widow 1510. 11. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1464. 12. Sibil born May 31. 1467. married to William Duke of Juliers and Mons ' July 8. 1480. deceased 1510. as others 1511. 13. Sigismund the First born Sept. 28. 1468. he serv'd the Emperor Maximilian the First in his Wars and came to an untimely death Feb. 26. 1495. 14. Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1470. 15. Dorothy Lady Abbess of St. Clare in Bamberg born 1471. deceased 1529. 16. George born 1473. deceased in his Infancy 17. Elizabeth born 1474. married to Herman Count Henneberg deceased Ap. 25. 1507. 18. Magdalen born 1476. deceased an Infant And 19. Anastasia born 1478. married to William Count Henneberg of the Line of Sleusing 1500. deceased July 4. 1534. Of the Line Electoral § IV. MAtter 's thus far cleared return we now to John surnam'd Cicero who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was very fortunate in reconciling Princes when at difference yet had Wars himself with John Duke of Sagan He departed this Life Jan. 9. 1499 having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of William Duke of Saxony and by her this following Issue 1. Wolfgang born and dead the same Year viz. 1480. 2. Joachim the First born Feb. 21. 1484 of whom more a little below 3. Elizabeth born and deceased 1486. 4. Anne born 1487. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein afterwards King of Denmark deceased 1521. 5. Ursela born 1488. given in Marriage to Henry the Fourth Duke of Meckleburg 1506. deceased 1511. And 6. Albert the Second Arch-Bishop and Elector of Mentz as also Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg born June 28. 1490. deceased 1545. Joachim the First succeeded his Father at the Age of Fifteen and was a Prince well read in several sorts of Learning He opened an University at Francfort upon the Oder Ap. 27. 1506. In 1509. the Hamburghers put themselves under his Protection In 1500. he caused Thirty Eight Jews and a Christian to be Executed The Christian for selling the Host The Jews for Sacrificing it His death bears date 1535. and his Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of John King of Denmark who suffered much for her Religion which was the Protestant and died a Widow 1555. His Issue by her were 1. Joachim the Second born Jan. 9. 1505. of whom in the next Section 2. Anne born 1507. married to Albert the Seventh Duke of Meckleburg 1524. deceased 1567. 3. Elizabeth born 1510. and married to Erick the Elder Duke of Brunswick and after his decease to Poppo Count de Henneberg She died 1558. 4. Margaret born 1511. and married to George Duke of Pomerania Jan. 8. 1530. after whose decease she was affianced to John the Fourth Prince of Anhalt An. 1533. And 5. John surnamed The Prudent born Aug. 3. 1513. who had the new Marck with the Dutchy of Crossen assigned him by his Father and was stiled the Eye and Counseller of the Empire He was very well skill'd in the Oeconomicks Always Loyal to the Emperor yet would not admit of the Interimistick Form in his Jurisdiction He built the Castle and Fortification of Custrin and at length ended his days An. 1571. leaving Issue by Catharine Daughter of Henry the Tenth Duke of Brunswick whom he Married An. 1537. only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Elizabeth who was married to her Kinsman George Frederick of the Line of Franconia and died 1578. And 2. Catharine given in Marriage to another Kinsman namely Joachim Frederick the Elector She died 1602. § V. We now return to Joachim the Second who succeeded his Father and performed many notable Services for the Emperor more especially in repelling the Forces of the Turks He made publick profession of the Reformed Religion and began to settle the same in his Provinces causing in order thereunto the Ecclesiastick Ordination written by George Bucholtzer to be published An. 1545. In 1542. he was declared General of the Imperial Army against the Turks Moreover he raised the Fortifications at Spandaw and obtain'd of the Emperor Ferdinand the First the absolute and independant Soveraignty of the Dutchy of Crossen And of Sigismund Augustus King of Poland a grant of Succession to the Dutchy of Prussia provided his Kinsmen
Fridenwalde-Castle An. 1480. In 1492. William added the Lordship of Epstein to his other Possessions In 1557. â—his Family after several Disputes about the matter became possessed of the whole County of Catzen Elnbogen In 1504. the Seigniâ—ory of Bickenbach fell to it the Ancient Barons thereof becoming at that time extinct In 1571. the Lordship of Plesse was annex'd to it and part of the County of Hoye as was also the Barony of Franckenstein some Two Years after In 1600. Lewis of Darmstadt bought Kelsterbach on the River Last of all by the Peace of Osenburg An. 1648. the Jurisdiction of Hirschfeld-Abby but with the Title of a Principality was yielded up to the Landtgrave as was also good part of the County of Schaumburg Of its Decrease and Pretensions § XI THe Encroachments suffered by thâ— Family and Pretensions which may thence arise are so very inconsiderable that they are scarce worth taking notice of unless we shall here alledge the great Ravages and Devastations made in the Principality 〈◊〉 Darmstadt by the French And it has been already observed how this Family has entre into Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession with the Family of Saxony and Brandenburg CHAP. XII Of the Family of Meckleburg § I. THat this Family is descended from the Ancient Kings of the Herah and Obâ—trâ—ti is the Opinion of almost all Writers yet are they often wanting in the Line of Succession This is certain That Prâ—â—â—lans the Second was reduced to such Extremities by Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony that he was forc'd with all Submission to demand a Peace of him which indeed he did obtain together with a considerable Tract of Land betwixt the Elbe and Baltick Shore but â—et to content himself for the future with the Stile of Duke In which Stile he made publick Profession of the Christian Faith and was Baptized at Lunenburg by the Abbot of St. Michael with great Solemnity He was alterwards Slain by a Tragical accident in a Tournament at Lunenburg An. 1215. His first Wise was Maud Daughter of Bolestans Crispns Duke of Poland and his second Voisboda Daughter of Burewin King of Norway by which last he had Issue 1. Henry Burewin deceased 1218. having had to Wife the Lady Maud Daughter of Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony and by her Two Sons namely 1. Nicholâ—t miserably buried in the Ruins of an old House And 2. Henry Founder of the Cathedral at Gustrow deceased 1228. whose Dutchess was the Princess Sophia Daughter of Charles the First King of Sweden by whom he had Four Sons whose Names were as follow viz. 1. John the Divine of whom in the next Section 2. Pribislaus the Third Lord in Parchim the only Person of all his Family who continued a Pagan He begat Pribislaus the Fourth who died Childless 3. Burewin the Third whose Patrimony was the City Rostock where he Founded the Monastry of St. John and had Issue by Margaret of Denmark Three Sons 1. Henry both which died without Issue And 2. Erick both which died without Issue And 3. Woldemar deceased 1287. leaving one Son Nicholot the Sixth surnamed the Boy of Rostock who likewise had no Issue 4. Nicholot the Fifth deceased 1277. leaving Issue besides Bernhard and Henry the Fourth a Third Son named John the Second who died 1316 and was Father of Nicholot the Seventh which Nicholot was succeeded in the District of Rostock by his Son John the Third who by Maud Daughter of Barnim the Second Duke of Pomerania had Issue 1. John the Fourth And 2. Nicholot the Eighth who had no Male Issue but John begot 1. Nicholot the Ninth And 2. Bernhard Nicholot the Ninth was Father of Laurence who departed this Life 1393. leaving Issue by Maud Daughter of Nicholot the Eighth a Son named Balthasar deceased 1400. or as others 1401. As for Benhard he begat John the Fifth who was Father of Three Sons namely 1. Christopher deceased without Issue 2. Nicholot the Tenth a Prince highly esteemed for his Piety and Prudence in the Government of his Family who died An. 1406. And 3. William who departed this Life 1430. leaving only a Daughter named Katharine and married to the last Prince of Stargart § II. We now return to John the Divine who Studied 20 Years at the University of Paris where he commenced Doctor of Divinity He departed this Life 1260. leaving by his Wise Luitgarde Daughter of Peppâ— Count de Henneberg besides other Issue a Son named Henry the Fourth and surnamed of Jerusalem for his good Services in the Holy War in which he was taken Prisoner by the Saracens and not set at liberty till above Twenty six Years after He died An. 1302. having begot Henry the Lyon or Seventh on his Wife the Princess Anastasia Daughter of Barnim Duke of Pomerania-Stetin This Leo or the Lyon who died 1329. his Eldest Son's Name was Albert the First Matriculated and declared Prince of the Empire by the Emperor Charles the Fourth He departed this Life 1380. having married Euphemia Daughter of Magnus King of Sweden by whom he had Two Sons viz. 1. Albert the Second who was elected King of Sweden but being overcome and made Prisoner by Margaret Queen of Denmark An. 1388. was kept so by her for seven Years and then set at liberty which yet he enjoyed not long for he died the Year following viz. 1396. His Two Wives were first Fâ—chsa Daughter of Otho the last Earl of Swerin And secondly Helena Daughter of Magnus Torquatus Duke of Brunswick by which last he had Issue Two Sons 1. Erick the First And but both died without Issue 2. Albert the but both died without Issue 2 Magnus the First who died at Aix la Chapelle An. 1384. and was succeeded in his Dutchy by his Son John the Third who Founded the Unviersity at Rostock in 1415. and had the same opened and confirmed four Years after He departed this Life An. 1423. leaving the Government of his Provinces to his Son Henry the Fourth § III. This Henry the Fourth surnamed The Gross died 1477. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg and by her this following Issue viz. 1. Anne deceased a Maid 1464. 2. Elizabeth Lady Abbess of Reibnitz 3. Albert the Sixth deceased without Issue 1491. 4. John the Sixth who died of the Plague 1475. 5. Balthasar deceased also without Issue March 7. 1507. 6. Magnus the Second in whose Issue this Family was preserved who Founded the Cathedral and died Nov. 22. 1503. having had to Wife the Lady Sophia Daughter of Erick the Second Duke of Pomerania deceased 1504. Which Match gave Birth to 1. Henry the Fifth surnamed Pacificus or The Peace-Maker who brought the true Doctrine of Christ into his Dominions according to the Lutheran Profession But whereas his Two Sons Magnus the Third and Philip died both without Issue the Government fell to his Brother Albert's Eldest Son as we shall show immediately 2. Erick the Second deceased 1508. 3.
Albert Marquiss of Brandenburg-Ansbach 1682. by whom he had 1. Charles Alexander born Jan. 24. 1684. 2. Dorothea Charlotta born Sept. 1. 1685. 3. Frederick Charles born Octob. 28. 1686. 14. Charles Maximilian born Septemb. 28. 1654. By his Second Wife 15. George Frederick born Sept. 24. 1657. Captain-General of the Emperour's Guards slain with a Great-shot at the Siege of Cassaw Oct. 8. 1685. 16. One other without Name died as soon as born 1659. 17. Albertus Christianus born June 13. 1660. died 16â—3 18. Lodewick or Lewis born Aug. 13. 1661. Colonel of a Regiment of Horse in the Circle of Schwaben 19. Joachim Ernestus born 1662. died 1663. 20. Philip Sigismund born 1663. died 1669. 21. Charles Ferdinand born 1667. died 1668. 22. John Frederick born June 10. 1669. and now serves in the Imperial War 23. Sophia Charlotta born Feb. 22. 1671. 24. Eberhard born and died 1672. 25. Emanuel Eberhard born after the death of his Father 1674. died July 1. 1675. Of the Line of Mompelgard § V. THe Founder and Enlarger of this Line was the before mention'd Lewis Frederick Sect. 2. Numb 5. who died 1631. and was succeeded by Leopold Frederick to whom dying without Isse 1662. succeeded his Brother George II. born Oct. 5. 1626. but being beaten out by the French 1684. now lives in exile His Wife was Anne Daughter of Jasper de Coligny Mareschal of France married to him 1648. and died 1680. by whom he had 1. Otto Frederick born 1650. died 1653. 2. Henrietta born Jan. 8. 1654. died 1680. 3. Eleanora Charlotta born Nov. 20. 1656. married to Sylvius Frederick a Cadet of the House of Oelsen 4. Conrade Lodovick born and died 1658. 5. Anne born Dec. 30. 1660. 6. Elizabeth born March 17. 16â—5 7. Hedewig born March 22. 1664. 8. Leopold Eberhardus born March 21. 1670. Of the Silesian or Oelsen Line § VI. WE spoke before Sect. 2. Numb 7. of Sylvius Nimrod the Son of Julius Frederick He was born 1622. and married Mary the last Heir of the Principality of Oelsen the Investiture of which he receiv'd from the Emperour as King of Bohemia He died April 16. 1664. and left by the said Mary 1. Anna Sophia born 1648. died 1661. 2. Ferdinand Charles born 1650. died 1668. 3. Sylvius Fredericus born Feb. 21. 1651. He kept his Residence in the City of Oels and married Eleanora Charlotta of Mompelgard May 23. 1672. 4. Christianus Ulricus born April 9. 1652. His Seat was the Castle of Bernstadt He married Anne Elizabeth of Anbalt March 13. 1672. who died 1680. and after that Sybilla Maria Daughter of Christian Administrator of Mersburg Oct. 27. 1683. He had by his first Wise 1. Louisa Elizabetha born Feb. 22. 1673. 2. Chrisianus Ulricus born and died 1674. 3. Leopoldus Victor born 1675. died 1676. 4. Frederica Christiana born and died 1676. 5. Sophia Angelica born May 20. 1677. 6. Eleanora Amaena born 1678. died 1679. 5. Julius Sigismundus born Aug. 1. 1653. He dwelt in the Castle of Juliusburg with his Wife Anna Sophia of Mecklenburg whom he married March 25. 1677. and had by her 1. Maria Sophia born March 5. 1678. died Sept. 8. 2. Leopold Frederick born Feb. 29. 1680. died April 5. 1681. 3. Charles born March 1. 1682. after which the said Julius died Octob. 15. 1684. 6. Cunigunda Juliana born March 20. 1655. and died the same Day 7 Sylvius born and died May 8. 1660. Of the Augmentations of this Family § VII IN the Year 1072. Conrade Earl of Wirtenburg got the Earldom of Beutlesbach by Right of Inheritance In the Year 1214. Count John II. had the City of Stutgard in Dowry with his Wife it having formerly belong'd to the Marquisate of Baden In 1240. the Earldom of was added to it by Purchase In 1336. the Earldom of Gruningen In 1346. the Earldom of Calbe In 1397. Eberhard V. got the Earldom of Mompelgard by Marriage and in 1439. brought the Dutchy of Teccen into the Family by the same way In 1495. Eberhard VI. procur'd to it the Ducal Dignity In 1620. Duke Vlrick bought the Castle of Hobentwiel In 1646. Sylvius Nimrod was invested in the Principality of Oelsen and the Signories of Starenberg and Metzibor in Moravia Of the Decrease of this Family § VIII IT suffer'd much in the last French War for the King of France took from it the Earldom of Mompelgard with all its Dependencies in respect of which it has a manifest Pretence to it CHAP. XIV Of the Family of the Marquisses of Baden § I. THat this Family had the same Original with that of Austria Historians scarce suffer us to doubt it From the ancient Princes of Alsatia sprang the Family of Zeeringen who bore Rule far and wide in Brisgow from that Herman Brother of Berthold II. Son of Berthold I. Duke of Zeeringen had the Earldom of Hochbergen and died 1074. His Son Herman married the Lady Judith and with her had the Marquisate of Baden but of what Family this Judith was cannot be certainly affirmed It suffices that Henry Auceps or the Falconer brought it to be a Marquisate and that the aforesaid Herman was the first of his Family that was Marquiss of Baden and died 1130. His Son and Successor was Herman II. who died 1660. and left Herman III. whom the Emperour Frederick I. made Marquiss of Verona and was the Father of Herman IV. and Henry the Enlarger of the Line of Hochbergen which went out in Philip Marquiss and Earl of Hochbergen Sept. 7. 1503. This Herman IV. the Common Father of the Marquisses of Baden had to Wife Irmengard or as others Gerdruth Daughter of Henry of Brunswick Count Palatine of the Rhine by whom he had 1. Herman V. who in Right of his Wife Gerdruth Daughter of Henry of Austria became Heir of Austria and Stiria He left a Son and Heir Frederick from whom yet Ottocar King of Bohemia unjustly wrested Austria on which he got off with Conradine Duke of Suabia into Sicily where he lost his Head 1269. 2. Rodolphus who by reason of his Tallness was surnam'd The Great He died Nov. 19. 1288. § II. Herman VI. eldest Son of this Rodolph was Father of Frederick II. who died June 22. 1333. and of Rodolph V. the Preserver of his Family His Son was Frederick III. Father of Rodolph VI. also surnam'd The Great who died 1372. and left his Son and Successor Bernhard I. Father of James I. a prudent Prince and a Lover of Justice He died Octob. 12. 1453. and had by Catharine Daughter of Charles Duke of Lorrain 1. Margaret married to Albert Elector of Brandenburg 1446. died 1457. 2. Bernhard who died an Infant 1431. 3. Bernhard III. who was profess'd and died 1459. 4. John born Feb. 9. 1459. He became Archbishop of Triers and died Feb. 9. 1503. 5. Charles surnamed The Stout of whom a little after 6. George Bishop of Metz died 1484. 7. Mark a Canon of Strasburg died 1478. Of these Charles was the Successor of
dy'd 1687. Anthony the Elder Brother born June 4. 1489. had the Dutchy of Lorrain and Barry and dy'd June 15. 1544. leaving Issue by Renata of Bourbon Daughter of Gilbert Earl of Montpensier Francis Duke of Lorrain and Bar a Prince adorned with all the Beauties of Mind and Body but taken off by an Apoplexy in the Flower of his Youth His only Son was Charles the Second Duke of Lorrain and Bar born Feb. 18. 1543. married Claudia Daughter of Henry the Second King of France and died Dec. 10. 1608. His Issue were 1. Henry Duke of Lorrain and Bar born Nov. 8. 1563. who succeeded his Father and took to Wife Catharine Daughter of Anthony King of Navarre An. 1599. But she dying in 1604. he Two Years after married Margaret Gonzaga Daughter of Vincent Duke of Mantua By the last Lady he left Issue Two Daughters Nicholaea born 1608. and Claudia The one married to Charles the Third and deceased Feb. 20. 1657. The other to Nicholas Francis and died 1656. 2. Christina born Aug. 6. 1565. married to Ferdinand the Great Duke of Tuscany 1589. deceased Jan. 19. 1637. 3. Charles Bishop of Metz and Strasburg born July 1. 1567. he was likewise promoted to the Dignity of a Cardinal on Dec. 12. 1588. 4. Antonia born Aug. 26. 1568. married to William Duke of Cleves and Mons 1599. deceased Aug. 18. 1610. 5 Anne born and deceased 1570. 6. Francis Count de Vaudemont born Feb. 27. 1571. of whom in the next Section 7. Catharine Lady Abbess of Remirmont born Nov. 3. 1572. deceased March 7. 1648. 8. Elizabeth born Nov. 3. 1573. married to Maximilian Duke of Bavaria 1595. deceased Jan. 4. 1635. And 9. Claudia born and deceased 1574. § III. We now return to Francis Count de Vaudemont who succeeded his Brother Henry in the Dutchies of Lorrain and Bar married Christina Daughter of Paul Count Solms and died 1632. leaving Issue Five Children whose Names were 1. Henry deceased an Infant 2. Charles the Third his Father's Successor born 1603. a Bold and Valiant Prince yet by reason of some Divisions and Discontents in his Family but chiefly seeing himself like to die without Issue sold all his Dominions to the French King But beginning to repent of what he had done and willing to evade his Contract was forced to stand to it by the French who beat him out of his Dutchy which he could never again recover His first Dutchess was Nicholaea Daughter to his Uncle Duke Henry whom he Divorc'd and married Beatrix de Cussance Daughter of Eugenius Prince of after whose decease he in 1665. took Mary Daughter of Charles Count d' Aspremont to his third Wife yet died without lawful Issue An. 1675. 3. Nicholas Francis Bishop of Toul promoted to a Cardinal's Hat in 1626. yet afterwards quitted his Orders and acted a secular Prince marrying the Lady Claudia Daughter to his Uncle Henry Duke of Lorrain which Match gave Birth to the most Illustrious Hero Charles Leopold Sixtus of whom in the next Section 4. Henrica born 1606. deceased 1660. having had Five Husbands namely 1. Lewis de Guise 2. Jerom Grimaldi 3. Christopher de Moura 4. Charles de Gascoigne And 5. The Baron de Cantelou 5. Margaret born 1616. married to Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans 1632. deceased Ap. 13. 1672. § IV. We are now come to speak of Charles Leopold the now rightful Duke of Lorain born 1643. A Prince highly esteem'd by His Imperial Majesty whose General he is A Prince without dispute the greatest Hero of the Age having by his late Renowned Actions against the Turks which can scarce be Parallelled in Story joyned with what he daily performs against the French already raised himself to such a pitch of Glory as will render his Name Immortal to all Posterity In 1678. he married Eleanora Maria Josepha of Austria Sister to the present Emperor and Dowager of Michael late King of Poland who hath born him Issue at Inspruck in the Principality of Tyrol as followeth viz. 1. Leopoldus Josephus Carolus Agapetus Hyacintus born Sept. 11. 1679. 2. Josephus Johannes Antonius Ignatius Felicissimus born Nov. 24. 1680. 3. Another Son deceased before it was Christened 4. Ferdinandus Josephus Philippus Romanus Laurentius born Aug. 17. 1683. 5. Josephus Innocentius Emanuel Felicianus Constantinus born Oct. 20. 1685. 6. Franciscus Antonius Josephus Maria Ambrosius Nicholaus born Dec. 8. 1689. N. S. CHAP. XVIII Of the Family of the Duke of Tuscany § I. WE remark'd above in the Life of the Emperor Rudolph the First That he alienated from the Empire and gave their Freedom to several Cities in Italy amongst which the City of Florence paid for her Liberty 6000 Shillings But upon the breaking out of great Heats and Tumults between the Commons and the Nobles in the Year 1311. it submitted it self to the Protection of Robert King of Naples according to Machiavil Sicily but it did not long continue in that State but was afterwards under the Government of the Duke of Calabria and after him of the Dukes of Athens who having renounced the Government and the Nobles being over-powered by the Commonalty it became Monarchial For An. 1434. Cosmo de Medices a Citizen and whose Ancestors were Merchants was elected Prince by the Populace Piero or Peter de Medices Prince Cosmo's Grandson having without the Senates knowledge entred into a League with the French King Chap. VIII was ejected by the Flerentines who enjoy'd their ancient Liberty till An. 1512. Ferdinand the Catholick King restor'd the Medicean Family which nevertheless in the Year 1529. was again expell'd by the Flerentines And altho' the Emperor Chap. V. seized on the City and made Alexander de Medices who had married his natural Daughter Margaret their Governour yet he being Slain the Populace made choice of his Kinsman Cosmo de Medices § II. This Cosmo commonly called the First was declared King of Tuscany by Pope Paul the Fifth in 1569. But upon the Emperor Maximilian the Second's much opposing it he threw aside the Title of King and took that of Great Duke of Tuscany His Son Francis in 1575. married Joan the Daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand the First by whom he had Ferdinand the First Father of Cosmo the Second who died 1670. and left a Son Cosmo the Third born 1642. the present Grand Duke who by Margaret Lovise Daughter of Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans has a Son viz. Gaston who in 1688. married Violanta Beatrix Daughter of Ferdinand Maria and Sister to the present Elector of Bavaria § III. As for what concerns this Prince's Dominions In Tuscany and Pisa he is Soveraign But Feudatory to His Catholick Majesty for Siena and Massa and great part of the Isse of Elbe to whom upon that account he yearly pays 10000 Florins Lastly he holds the City Saturnia as a Fief of the Empire His Power may be guess'd by his Yearly Revenues which are estimated at 1800000 Shillings CHAP. XIX Of the House of Savoy
§ I. THo' the Dukes of Savoy may not improperly be referred to Germany and contained in the Upper-Circle of the Rhine yet because they are possessed of all Piemont in Italy as also many places in France we thought more convenient to treat of 'em in this place Now this Family is justly to be numbred amongst those of the greatest Antiquity since little that is certain can be spoke of its Original by reason thereof This nevertheless is without Dispute That Beraldus Marquess of Italy Earl of Savoy and Maurienne flourish'd in the beginning of the Eleventh Century and died about the Year 1023. His Son was Humbert the First surnamed Albimanus Earl of Savoy and Maurienne Lord of Chabais and Valois who departed this Life in the Year 1048. being succeeded by his Son Otho Earl of Savoy and Maurienne Lord of Chablais Valois and Aouste Marquess of Italy and Susa and Duke of Turin who died in 1091. This Otho was succeeded by his Brother Amadeus the Second for his Elder Brother Caudatus died before his Father who begat Humbert the Second Earl of Savoy Maurienne and Piemont Lord of Chablais Aouste and Tarento Marquess of Susa and Italy which Humbert departed this Life on Nov. 18. 1103. and left the Government of his Provinces to his Eldest Son Amadeus the Third who died at Nicâ—sia in an Expedition to the Holy Land on Apr. 1. 1149. Amadeus the Third was followed by his Son Humbert the Third surnamed The Saint who died March 4. 1186. Humbert's Son and Successor was Thomas the First Earl of Savoy c. and Vicar-General of the Empire in Lombardy and Piemont born May 20. 1177. deceased Jan. 20. 1233. This Prince lest many Children whereof we shall mention only Three and as serviceable to present purpose namely Amadeus the Fourth Thomas the Second and Philip. Amadeus the Eldest of the Three succeeded his Father and begat Boniface surnamed Roland which Boniface died without Issue in 1263. and was succeeded by his Uncle Philip who likewise had the same Fate Nov. 17. 1285. § II. Return we therefore to Thomas who departed this Life in the Year 1259. leaving Mac Three Sons whose Names were 1. Thomas of Savoy the Third of that Name born 1248. deceased 1282. whose Son Philip obtained all Piemont except the Marquisate of Susa upon the death of his Great Uncle Duke Philip without Issue where his Posterity ruled till the Year 1418. at which time it became extinct in Prince Lewis of Savoy 2. Amadeus the Fifth who in the division of Duke Philip's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Nephew Philip had the County of Savoy c. for his Lot Of this Prince more below 3. Lewis of Savoy Baron of Vaud whose Posterity failed in another Lewis An. 1350. Amadeus the Fifth by reason of his great Exploits surnamed The Great was born in 1249. and died Oct. 16. 1323. In 1310. he was created a Prince of the Empire by the Emperor Henry the Sixth The Children that survived him were 1. Edward born 1284. who succeeded him but died without Issue 1329. And 2. Aymon surnamed Pacificus or Peace-maker born Dec. 15. 1291. who succeeded his Brother Edward and died June 1343. leaving the Government to his Son Amadeus the Sixth who died in the Year 1383. and was succeeded by his Son Amadeus the Seventh surnamed The Red who begat Amadeus the Eighth of whom in the next Section § III. Amadeus the Eighth was born Sept. 4. 1383. and created Duke of Savoy by the Emperor Sigismund on Feb. 19. 1416. In 1418. Piemont in Italy c. fell to him upon the death of his Cousin Lewis without Issue In 1434. he gave up the Government to his Son Lewis betaking himself to an Ecclesiastick Life and died in the Year 1451. Lewis who succeeded him was born 1402. married Anne Lusignan Daughter to Jean King of Cyprus An. 1432. and died 1465. Amongst the Children that survived we find 1. Amadeus the Ninth who succeeded him and died 1472. being succeeded himself by his Son Charles the Second Duke of Savoy who died 1490. leaving his Son Charles John Amadeus Duke of Savoy and King of Cyprus born 1448. to succeed him This Charles John died Childless An. 1496. 2. Philip surnamed Sans Terrae or Lack-land born Feb. 5 1438. nevertheless in the extremity of his Age he came to be Duke and Heir to a farthing to all the Lands and Estates of his Grand-Nephew Duke Charles John Amadeus above-mentioned He departed this Life on Nov. 7. 1497. and left the Government to his Son 1. Philibert the Second born 1480. deceased without Issue Sept. 10. 1504. whereupon the Government fell to his Brother 2. Charles the Third born 1486. deceased 1553. whose Son was Emanuel Philibert of whom in the next Section § IV. Emanuel Philibert was born July 1 1428. and from his very Youth proved himself an excellent Souldier in the Service of the Emperour Charles V. On July 9. 1559. he married Margaret Daughter to Francis I. King of France and died Aug. 30. 1580. leaving only a Son Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy and King of Cyprus born Jan. 12. 1562. a Prince to use the Words of the Learned Im. Hoff in his Geneal Gall. of sublime Parts and happy Memory excellently well read in all sorts of Learning especially Mathematicks He had a very sharp War with the French but with bad success On March 11. 1685. he married Catharina Michaelis of the House of Austria Daughter to Philip II. King of Spain and died July 26. 1630. leaving Issue 1. Philip Emanuel Prince of Piemont born 1586. deceased 1605. 2. Victor Amadeus of whom in the next § 3. Emanuel Philibert Knight of Jerusalem Prince of Oneglia and Vice Roy of Sicily born 1588. deceased at Palermo 1624. 4. Margaret born April 28. 1589. married to Francis Gonzaga Duke of Mantua 1608. deceased June 26. 1655. 5. Isabel born March 11. 1591. and married to Alphonsus of Este Duke of Modena She died 1626. 6. Maurice Cardinal of S.R. E. born Jan. 10. 1593. but afterwards coming to be Prince of Oneglia he married Aboisia Mary his Brother Amadeus's Daughter yet died without Issue Oct. 4. 1657. 7. Mary a profess'd Nun she died 1656. 8. Frances Catharine she was likewise profess'd and died 1641. 9. Thomas Francis Prince of Carignan Dec. 21. 1596. of whom in the last § 10 Joan born and deceased the same Year viz. 1597. § V. 'T is now time Victor Amadeus again appear He was born May 3. 1587. and succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Savoy This Prince was a great Lover of Peace nevertheless a new War breaking out 'twixt France and Spain he declared for the first which involv'd him in so many Difficulties that being oppress'd by 'em he fell into a Fever whereof he died in a few Days Oct. 7. 1637. His Dutchess was Daughter to King Henry IV. of France by whom he had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Aloisia Mary Christina born July 27. 1629. and married to
her Uncle Maurice Prince of Oneglia 2. Franciscus Hyacinthus Duke of Savoy born 1632. deceased 1638. 3. Charles Emanuel of whom below 4. Margaret Joland born 1635. married to Rainulius Duke of Parma April 29. 1660. deceased 1663. 5 Adelais Henrica or as others Henrietta Adelheid born Nov. 6. 1636. married to Ferdinand Maria Elector of Bavaria 1652. deceased March 18. 1676. 6. Catharina Beatrix her Twin-Sister deceased 1637. Charles Emanuel who succeeded his Father was born June 20. 1634. He perform'd all his Exercises very finely on Horseback for the improvement of which Art he caused an Academy to be opened at Turin and was so absolutely perfect in all other Endowments both of Mind and Body that his untimely death which hapned June 12. 1675. is never enough to be lamented In 1663. he took to Wise Frances Magdalen Daughter to John Baptist Gaston Duke of Orleans but she died May 11. 1665. After which he married Mary Joan Baptist of Savoy Daughter to Charles Amadeus Duke of Nemours whom he left as she still remains a Widow By the last he had Victor Amadeus Francis the present Duke of Savoy born May 17. 1666. On April 9. 1684. he married Anne Mary Daughter to Philip Duke of Orleans by whom as far as I can learn he has hitherto had only 1. Mary Adelheid born Dec. 6. 1685. And 2. Another Daughter born Aug. 30. N.S. 1688. whose Name as yet I know not § VI. It still remains we say somewhat of Thomas Francis youngest Son to Charles Emanuel I. Duke of Savoy mentioned already by us in Sect. IV. Numb 9. who spent his Life for the most part in the Wars Jan. 22. 1624. he married Mary of Bourbon Daughter to Charles Count de Soissons who bare him 1. Charlotte Christina not long-liv'd 2. Aloisia Christina born Aug. 1. 1627. and married to Ferdinand Maximilian Marquiss of Baden 1693. 3. Emanuel Philibert Amadeus of Savoy Prince de Carignan born Aug. 20. 1628. He was both deaf and dumb and so wholly unfit for Business of State nevertheless he was married in 1684. to Mary Catharine of Este Prince Borsus his Daughter 4. Joseph Emanuel John born June 24. 1631. deceased Jan. 12. 1656. 5. Eugenius Maurice of Savoy Count de Soissons born May 3. 1635. of whom beneath 6. Amadeus and both which died in their youth 7. Ferdinand both which died in their youth As for Eugenius Maurice he departed this Life June 7. 1673. On Feb. 20. 1657. he married Olympia Daughter of Michael Laurence of by Cardinal Mazarine's Sister whom he left a Widow and by her a numerous Issue viz. 1. Lewis Thomas Count de Soissons born Decemb 15. 1657. His Princess's Name is Urania de la Cropte Daughter to the Noble Baron de Beauvais whom he married Decemb 17. 1682. 2. Philip born 1659. 3. Lewis Julius born May 2. 1660. and slain in the Turkish Wars July 13. 1683. 4. Emanuel born 1663. deceased 1676. 5. Francis Eugenius born 1665. 6. Frances deceased Feb. 24. 1671. 7. Mary Joan Baptista born Jan. 1. 1665. 8. Aloisia Philiberta born Nov. 22. 1667. CHAP. XX. Of the House of Mantua § I. WE now come to the Family of the Dukes of Mantua and shall derive the same from one Hugo who married one of the Gonzaga's a Family of a Noble Extraction in Lombardy which was the reason that his Son Gerhard who was invested in Mantua by his Cousin Adelbert in 1009. as an immediate Feudatory of the Empire took on him the Name of Gonzaga Hugo his Father died in the Year 946. and is said to be the Son of another Hugo who was Earl of Provence and King of Italy and Son to King Lotharius III. Grandson to K. Lotharius II. and great Grandson to Lotharius the Emperour Aloisius or Lewis Gonzaga was the Eleventh in descent from Gerhard and created Captain of Mantua by the Emperour Charles IV. in the Year 1329. His Son and Successor was Guido who begat Lewis which Lewis was succeeded by his Son Francis all of 'em Captains of Mantua Francis's Son and Successor was John Francis created the first Marquiss of Mantua by the Emperour Sigismund Sept. 22. 1433. His eldest Son and Successor was Frederick I. who begat Francis II. Francis II. begat Frederick II. who was created the First Duke of Mantua by Charles V. April 8. 1530. and left three Sons 1. Francis who died without Issue 2. William who succeeded his Brother Francis And 3. Lewis of whom in the next William's Son and Successor was Vincent Duke of Mantua whose Issue was as followeth 1. Margaret Gonzaga married to Henry Duke of Lorrain 2. Eleanor married in 1622. to the Emperour Ferdinand II. deceased June 27. 1655. 3. Francis II. who left only a Daughter 4. Cardinal Ferdinand And 5. Vincent in whom the Ducal Line in Italy failed Anno 1627. § II. Return we therefore to Lewis III. Son to Frederick above-mentioned who married the Lady Henrica Heiress to the Dutchy of Nevers in France which was possess'd by his Posterity 'till the Year 1659. at what time they sold it to Cardinal Mazarine His Son was Charles Gonzaga Duke of Nevers who became Duke upon the death of his Cousin Vincent and Heired all his Estates He departed this Life in the Year 1637. having begot Charles II. who contrary to the Course of Nature died before his Father 1631. Nevertheless he was first married and left Issue as follows 1. Eleanor born May 18. 1629. married to the Emperour Ferdinand III. 1651. deceased 1â—86 2. Charles III. the present Duke who married Isabella Clara Daughter to Leopold V. Arch-Duke of Austria but has no Issue by her CHAP. XXI Of the Family of the Dukes of Parma and Placentia § 1. THe Dukes of Parma owe their Original to the ancient Line of the Farnese's in Italy from whence Pope Paul III. otherwise Alexander de Farnese was descended who in 1545. created his Natural Son Peter Aloisius de Farnese Duke of Parma and Placentia Nevertheless by reason of his vicious Disposition and intolerable Cruelty he so far incensed both the Nobility and Commonalty that they conspired against him and slew him His Son Octavius married Margaret Natural Daughter to Charles V. Alexander de Medices Great Duke of Tuscany's Widow and of this Match Alexander de Farnese Prince of Parma was born a Prince worthy the noblest Character and hardly to be equall'd by the greatest Men of that Age. He married Mary of Portugal by whom he had Rainulius I. Duke of Parma and Placentia and Odoardus I. who became a Cardinal The first of these begat 1. Alexander the Dumb who by reason of that Imperfection was unfit to Govern And 2. Odoardus II. who succeeded his Father and died 1646. § II. This Odoardus II. had four Children that survived him the eldest of which was Ratnulius II. the present Duke of Parma and Placentia who on Apr. 29. 1660. married Margaret Joland Daughter to Victor Amadeus Duke of Savoy but she died in 1663. After
deceased 1303. 7. Catharine to Otho Duke of Bavaria deceased 1285. And 8. Euphemia a profess'd Nun in the Austrian Covent at Tolne Of the Male Issue only three liv'd to be Men viz. 1. Albert the First Archduke of Austria born July 29. 1242. of whom more in the next Section 2. Hartmanus a Prince of excellent Endowments but lost in passing the Rhine as he was going to meet his Father in the 18th Year of his Aâ—e An. 1280. 3. Rudolph the Second Duke of Schwaben who married Agnes Daughter of Ottocar King of Bohemia on whom he begot a posthumous Son named John who proved afterwards the Murderer of his Uncle Albert the Emperour for which he was thrust into a Monastery where he died in 1313. § III. Thus we see how Albert the First surnam'd Monoculus from his having but one Eye the other being lost by Poison in his youth was the only Propagator of the Austrian Race who having vanquish'd the Emperour Adolph of Nassau set the Imperial Diadem on his own Head He had likewise good success in his Wars with the Electors of the Rhine His Empress was Elizabeth the Duke of Carinthia and Earl of Tyrol and Goritia's Daughter who bore him one and twenty Children Nevertheless he came to an unnatural Death in the heighth of his Felicity being kill'd by his Nephew John May 1. 1308. His Issue that survived were 1. Agnes married to Andrew the third King of Hungary 1296. deceased 1364. 2. Elizabeth married to Fredereck the third Duke of Lorrain in 1312. deceased 1353. being the Mother of six and twenty Children 3. Anne married to Hermannus Marquess of Brandenburg and after his decease to Henry the sixth Duke of Breslaw She died 1361. 4. Catharine espoused by the Emperour Henry of Luxenburg but he being poisoned in Iraly by a Monk she was afterwards married to Charles Duke of Calabria Heir apparent to the Kingdom of Naples and departed this life in 1324. 5. Gutta married to Lewis the seventh Earl of Oetingen in Schwaben deceased 1328. 6. Rudolph elected King of Bohemia but died an untimely death and without Issue An. 1307. 7. Frederick the Fair elected Emperour in 1314. and Crown'd by the Elector of Cologne Nevertheless making War upon Lewis of Bavaria who pretended to the same Dignity he was defeated An. 1324. and imprison'd by him for the space of three Years and then not set at liberty but on condition he should renounce all Pretensions to the Imperial Authority retaining only the Title He departed this life without Male Issue in the Year 1330. 8. Leopold the First Duke of Schwaben Landtgrave of Alsace Earl of Tyrol c. He attempted his Brother Frederick's releasment by Magick but in vain He began a War with the Swiss but was likewise unsuccessful in that His Dutchess was Isabel Daughter to Amadeus Duke of Savoy by whom he had only Daughters 9. Henry surnamed The Mild deceased without Issue Male in the Year 1327. having in this the same fate with Frederick and Leopold 10. Otho Duke of Stiria styled The Delight of his Subjects who had two Wives and by them two Sons but both died in their Infancy And 11. Albert surnamed The Wise in whose Issue alone the Austrian Family was preserv'd § IV. This Albert quitting his Cloyster married the Lady Joan sole Heiress to the Earldom of Pfirte He likewise founded St. Stephen's Church at Vienna and departed this life in the Year 1338. leaving Issue 1. Margaret married to Mienhard Earl of Tyrol and after his decease to Otho Marquess of Brandenburg 2. Agnes to Henry the second Duke of Silesia 3. Catharine profess'd a Nun. 4. Frederick the Second kill'd by a chance Shot a Hunting An. 1362. 5. Rudolph the Fourth deceased likewise without Issue 6. Albert the Third and last of all 7. Leopold the Second of whom more in the next Section Albert the Third in the Division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother Leopold had Austria Stiria and Carinthia for his Lot in which he was succeeded by his Son Albert the Fourth surnam'd The Patient who by Joan Daughter of Albert Duke of Bavaria had Albert he Fifth a very fortunate Prince who not to mention his excellent Endowments of Mind was in the space of one Year inaugurated in the Bohemian Hungarian and Imperial Crowns An. 1438. before which the Marquisate of Moravia had been given him in Dowry with his Wife Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperour Sigismund whom he succeeded in the Empire by the Name of Albert the Second He was imbroil'd in a War with the Hussites Moreover he undertook an Expedition against the Turks to put a stop to their Inroads into Hungary but was prevented by Death which seized him in his Camp and lies buried at Alba Regalis After his death the Empress was brought to bed of a posthumous Son named Uladislaus who succeed him in the Kingdoms of Bohemia and Hungary but died likewise an untimely Death in 1457. in the seventeenth Year of his Age. § V. Look we back therefore to Leopold the Second who in the division of Lands above-mention'd 'twixt his Brother and him obtain'd Schwaben and Alsace He had sharp Wars with the Swiss by whom his Army was routed and himself slain at the Battel of Sempach An. 1386. His four Sons were 1. William a Prince of great Courage deceased Childless 1406. 2. Leopold the Third who had the same fate with his Brother though married to Carathine Daughter of Philip the Bald Duke of Burgundy 3. Frederick the Third who labour'd under many Hardships by reason of Pope John the Two and twentieth Upon whose account he was excommunicated by the Council of Constance and proscribed and outed of all his Territories by the Emperour Sigismund Nevertheless being again received to Grace he was re-invested in the Counties of Tyrol and Alsace but cou'd never recover Schwaben His first Wife was Elizabeth Daughter of the Emperour Rupert by whom he had only a Daughter of its Mother's Name which died in its Infancy But on his second Dutchess which was Anne Daughter of Frederick Duke of Brunswick he begat a Son named Sigismund a great Lover of Letters thence styled The Meâ—oenas of learned Men Twice married yet deceased without Issue 4. Ernestus Ferreus or Ironside the only Propagater of the Austrian Race married first to Margaret Daughter of Boleslaus Duke of Pomerania and then to Cimburg Daughter to the Duke of Mosovie which last bore him nine Children whereof four at least liv'd to be of Age namely margaret married to Frederick the Second Elector of Saxony Catharine to Charles Marquess of Baden Frederick the Fourth And Albert the Sixth surnam'd The Prodigal excommunicated and proscribed as Author of several Tumults and Seditions He died 1463. § VI. Frederick the Fourth but third Emperour of that Name was elected Emperour in 1440. Crown'd at Aix la Chapelle in 1442. and ten Years after at Rome by Pope Nicholas the Fitch He had Vienna taken from him by
Matthias King of Hungary In his Reign PRINTING was first found out the League of Schwaben confirm'd and Constantinople taken by the Turks His Empress was Eleanor Daughter to Edward King of Portugal who bore him five Children whereof Christopher John and Helena died in their Infancy The two that surviv'd were Cunigunda given in Marriage to Albert the Fourth Duke of Bavaria and Maximilian the First in whom the House of Austria was preserv'd was born at Naples in the Year 1459. From his Infancy he pronounc'd his Words with so much difficulty that he was judged by most little better than dumb which Imperfection he so far master'd in the end that he became famous for his Eloquence He was of a generous Disposition and a great Lover of learned Men. He was often under very dangerous Circumstances but always surmounted 'em happily in the end In 1486. he was elected King of the Romans his Father Frederick being yet alive He refus'd to be Crown'd by the Pope but pretended to the Papal Dignity himself In short he magnified Justice loved Humility exercised Clemency and took much pains in searching out the Original of his Family In his Reign the Reformation was set on foot by Luther the Imperial Chamber instituted the Empire divided into Circles Vienna restor'd to the House of Austria and Burgundy and the Provinces of the Low Countries annexed to the same Family The Consorts of his Bed and Fortunes were Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Charles Duke of Burgundy and after her Blanche Mary Daughter of Galeazzo Duke of Milan By the first he had Issue Margaret who after many turns of Fortune was in the end made Governess of the Netherlands and died 1530. And Philip a Prince worthy the noblest Character of whom more immediately in the next Section As for Maximilian being full of Days and Content he piously and peaceably departed this Life on the Twelfth of Jan. 1519. § VII Philip the First styled The Delight of Mankind first saw the Light in 1478. At three Years old he was installed Knight of the Golden Fleece At seventeen his Father gave him the Government of the Low Countries and Burgundy In 1496. he married the Princess Johanna eldest Daughter and Heiress of his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand King of Spain in whose Right he became immediately possess'd of the Kingdoms of Arragon and Castile But he was not long to preside over so many and so great Provinces being taken off by an untimely death in the Year 1506. and the 28th of his Age nevertheless having first seen himself Father of a fair Issue by his most beloved Consort Queen Joan. The Daughters were 1. Eleanor married first to Emanuel King of Portugal and after his decease to Francis the First King of France 2. Isabella married to Christianus the Second King of Denmark which prov'd a very unhappy Match She died in the Low-Countries An. 1525. 3. Margaret married to Lewis the Infant King of Hungary and after his unhappy death made Governess of the Netherlands 4. Catharine born after her Father's decease betrothed to John Frederick Elector of Saxony but afterwards married to John the Third King of Portugal His Sons were Charles the Fifth and Ferdinand the First betwixt which two Princes there was a Division of the Provinces whence the House of Austria became likewise divided into the Spanish and German Lines And first for the Spanish Of the Spanish Line § VIII THe Author whereof was Charles the Fifth born at Gaunt in Flanders in 1500. At fourteen Years old he had the Government of the Netherlands given him at sixteen he was Crown'd King of Spain at nineteen elected Emperour and Crown'd the Year following at Aix la Chapelle In 1521. he held his first Dyet at Wormes He had very great Wars with Francis the First King of France whom he defeated and made Prisoner in the Year 1525. He likewife seized Rome and besieged the Pope in his Castle there and annexed the Dutchy of Milan for ever to his House In 1532. at a Dyet then held at Ratisbonne the Protestaut Confession of Faith was exhibited and publickly read before him Some Years after he had Wars with the Protestants wherein he took John Frederick Elector of Saxony Prisoner in 1545. and thereupon transferred the Electoral Dignity from him to Maurice Duke of Saxony He likewise caused Philip Landtgrave of Hesse to be put in custody yet in the end concluded the Peace of Passaw with those of that Religion in 1552. Three Years after he abdicated the Government leaving the Empire to his Brother Ferdinand and the Kingdom of Spain with the Low-Countries and its other Dependencies to his Son Philip. After his Abdication he retired to a Cloyster in St. Justus's Monastery in Spain where having spent about two or three Years he piously and peaceably ended his days 1558. leaving Issue by Isabel Daughter of Emanuel King of Portugal one Son and two Daughters viz. Mary married to the Emperour Maximilian the Second Joanna to John Infant of Portugal and Philip the Second of whom more in the next Section Besides these he had one natural Daughter named Margaret begotten on Madamoiselle de Plumbes and married to Alexander de Medices Duke of Urbin and after his decease to Octavio Farnesse Duke of Parma As also a Son by Madamoselle de Blomberg namely the most Valiant and Renowned Hero Don John of Austria § IX But to return into our way The only Heir of Charles the Fifth was Philip the Second born 1527. made King of Sicily and Naples 1543. King of England and Ireland in right of his Wife 1554. Lord of the Low-Countries and Duke of Milan 1555. and last of all King of Spain 1556. He obtain'd the famous Victory of St. Quintin over the French but soon after lost Calice to them He was Author of the Spanish Inquisition Moreover he lost seven of the Low-Country Provinces as also the famour Armada sent against the English In 1580. he overcame the Kingdom of Portugal and by force of Arms caused himself to be Crown'd King thereof His first Queen was Mary Daughter to John the Third King of Portugal his second another Mary Daughter to Henry the Eighth King of England and then Queen of that Kingdom his third Isabella or Elizabeth a Daughter of Henry the Second's King of France and his fourth Anne Daughter of the Emperour Maximilian the Second By the first he had Prince Charles born 1565. deceased in Prison 1568. By the third Isabella Clara Eugenia born 1566. married to Albert the Seventh of Austria deceased 1633. and Catharine born 1567. and married to Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy on the Eleventh of March 1585. By the last a Son of his own Name viz. Philip the Third born 1578. in whose Issue the Spanish Line was continued He succeeded his Father in his Kingdoms in 1598. And in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors and Jews out of Spain His death bears date 1621. His Queen was Margaret Daughter
to Charles Archduke of Austria who bore him eight Children whereof three died in their Infancy The rest were 1. Anna Maria Mauritia married to Lewis the Thirteenth King of France 1615. deceased July 3. 1640. 2. Mary Anne married to the Emperour Ferdinand the Third 1631. deceased May 13. 1646. 3. Charles a Prince of the Noblest Vertues but taken off by a too untimely Fate 4. Ferdinand Cardinal and Governour of the Netherlands deceased 1641. And 5. Philip the Fourth surnamed Dominicus Victor succeeded his Father in 1621. and took on him the Government at the Age of sixteen He lost the American Plate-Fleet He enter'd into a perpetual Alliance with the States of Holland He concluded the Pyrenaean Peace with the French And in short was an unfortunate Prince during the whole course of his Reign He had two Wives Elizabeth Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of France who bore him seven Children but all of 'em either died young or in their Infancy except Maria Theresia married to Lewis the Fourteenth the present French King in 1660. since deceased July 30. 1683. His second Match was with Mary Anne Daughter to the Emperour Ferdinand the Third by whom he had Issue 1. Margaret Theresia married to Leopold the present Emperour in 1666. deceased March 20. 1673. And 2. Charles the Second the present King of Spain born Nov. 6. 1661. who succeeded in that Kingdom at the death of his Father Philip in the Year 1665. In 1679. he took to Wife Mary Louise Daughter of Philip Duke of Orleans who dying without Issue in 1689. he the same Year married Mariae Anna Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine the present Queen All which being thus fully explain'd we now come to the German Line Of the German Line § X. PRoceed we therefore to speak of the other Son of Philip the First as Authose of the German Line His Name was Ferdinand born in Spain 1503. Crown'd King of Hungary and Bohemia in right of his Wife 1527. Elected King of the Romans 1531. and Emperour in 1556. He had great Wars with the Turks as also with the Protestants He permitted the Bohemians to Communicate under both kinds His Empress was Anne Daughter to Uladislaus King of Hungary Sister to Lewis the Infant The day of his death happen'd in the Year 1653. and sixtieth of his Age after he had had this following Issue 1. Elizabeth born 1526. married to Sigismund King of Poland 1545. 2. maximilian born Aug. 1. 1527. 3. Anne born 1528. married to Albert the Fifth Duke of Bavaria deceased Octob. 18. 1587. 4. Mary born May 15. 1530. married to William Duke of Juliers 1546. deceased 1584 5. Magdalen profess'd a Nun. 6. Catharine born Sept. 25. 1533. and married to Francis Duke of Mantua and after his decease to Sigismund Augustus King of Poland She died 1572. 7. Ferdinand II. Archduke of Austria born 1534. 8. Eleanor born Nov. 2. 1534. She was married to William Duke of Mantua and died 1604. 9. Margaret another Nun deceased 1566. 10. John born 1538. deceased the Year after 11. Barbara born 1539. married to Alphonso II. Duke of Ferrara 1565. deceased 1572. 12. Charles born June 3. 1540. 13. Ursula deceased an Infant 14. Helena who went into a Nunnery And 15. Joanna born 1547. married to Francis Duke of Florence 1565. deceased 1578. As for the three Sons Maximilian Ferdinand and Charles they had their Father's Territories divided amongst 'em by which division Maximilian obtain'd Hungary Bohemia and Austria Ferdinand had Tyrol and Alsace and Charles Stiria and Carinthia Of these we shall speak a-part in their proper places § XI Maximilian II. was crown'd King of Bohemia Sept. 20. 1562. and of Hungary on Sept. 8. in the following Year He was likewise elected King of the Romans in the aforesaid Year 1562. and Emperour in 64. He was a pious just peaceable Prince and no great Enemy to the Protestants He had Wars with Solyman Emperour of the Turks brought Gunbrachius and his Complices to condign punishment and did by no means approve of the Massacre at Paris He departed this Life at Ratisbonne having had fifteen Children by his Empress Mary Daughter to Charles V. whereof six died young The rest were 1. Anne born 1549. married to Philip II. King of Spain 1570. deceased 1580. 2. Rudolph II. born June 18. 1552. who succeeded his Father in the Empire Octob. 12 1576. and carried on the War with the Port. In 1595. he lost Raab but it was recover'd three Years after by Rudolph Count Swartzburg In 1569. he lost Erla also Kanisa in 1600. and Gran in 1605. He died a Batchellor at Prague Jan. 10. 1612 and left a vast Treasure behind him 3. Ernestus II. born June 15. 1553. And made Governour of the Low-Countries by the King of Spain 1594. which Dignity he scarce enjoy'd a full Year by reason of his death which fell out soon after 4. Elizabeth born 1554 married to Charles IX King of France 1570. deceased June 2 1592. 5. Matthias born 1557. who succeeded his Brother Rudolph in the Empire being elected at Francfort June 13. 1612. On Decemb 4. 1611. he married Anne Daughter to his Uncle Ferdinand Archduke of Austria nevertheless died without Issue 1619. 6. Maximilian III born Octob. 12. 1558. In 1587. he was Crown'd King of Poland but being afterwards defeated and imprisoned by the contrary Faction was forced to quit his Pretensions to that Crown to obtain his Liberty In 1596. he fought a Battel with the Turks not far from Erla where he was routed with his whole Army He was also Grand Master of the Teutonick Order and died in 1620. 7. Albert VII born Nov. 13. 1559. and created Cardinal of the Holy Cross but quitting his Orders was afterwards made Governour of the Netherlands by the King of Spain and married Isabella Clara Eugenia Daughter of Philip II. nevertheless died without Issue July 13. 1621. 8. Wenceslaus Knight of Malta born 1561. deceased Nov. 7. 1578. 9. Margaret a profess'd Nun deceased 1633. aged sixty six § XII The second Son of Ferdinand I. Emperour was Ferdinand II. as was already observ'd a Prince eminent for his Courage who notwithstanding he had many advantageous Matches offer'd him refus'd 'em all and married the Lady Philippina Welseriana Daughter of Free Baron of Xinnenberg by whom he had Issue 1. Andrew Bishop of Brescia and Cardinal deceased Nov. 11. 1600. 2. Charles Marquess of Burgovia deceased without Issue 1618. notwithstanding he had married the Princess Sibilla of Juliers 3. Anne married to the Emperour Matthias at Vienna Decemb. 4. 1611. deceased Decemb. 14. 1618. 4. Anne Catharine a Nun. He had three Children more but they died in their Infancy § XIII Matters thus clear'd we now proceed to speak of Charles third Son of the Emperour Ferdinand I. in whose Issue the Austrian Family in Germany was preserv'd In the division of the Hereditary Provinces aforesaid he had Stiria Carinthia and Carniola for his Patrimony and took to
of the Dutchy of Luxenburg as well as of the City of the same Name In 1686. the Principality of Swibuse together with the City of that Name was by an amicable Accommodation deliver'd up to the Elector of Brandenburg Last of all the French King breaking the Truce took Philipsburg on the Rhine from this Family Nov. 1. 1688. O. S. Of its Pretensions § XIX THe Pretensions of the House of Austria are 1. To the Dutchy of Burgundy which appertain'd of right to Maximilian I. as having married Mary Daughter and sole Heiress of Burgundy but the then King of France refus'd to invest him on pretence of the Salique Law 2. To Transylvania Moldavia Walachia and Bulgaria as Dependencies of the Kingdom of Hungary 3. To the Counties of Habsburg Baden and Kiburg 4. To the City of Schaffbuse 5. To the Kingdom of Portugal as having actually revolted from that of Spain 6. To the Dutchy of Luxenburg And lastly To the City and Castle of Philipsburg CHAP. II. Of the House of France § I. TO find out the Rise of the present House of France we are to look back as far as Hugh the Great Duke of France Burgundy and Aquitain Marquess of Orleans and Earl of Paris deceased 956. His eldest Son was Hugh Capet Duke of France Marquess of Orleans and Count of Paris who upon the death of Lewis the Slothful last King of France of the Race of Charlemaigne was by the unanimous Consent of the Peers of France inaugurated King of that Kingdom An. 987. And his Son Robert being in the same Year declared his Successor united the aforesaid Provinces to the Crown His Queen was Aloisia Daughter of William Duke of Aquitain by whom he had Issue Robert aforesaid from his great Piety surnamed The Saint who succeeded in the Throne of France upon the death of his Father in the Year 998. He was also Heir to the Dutchy of Burgundy upon his Uncle Henry's decease and departed this Life himself in 1031. having had two Queens viz. Bertha Daughter of Conrade King of Burgundy and Constance Daughter of William Count of Arles and Provence And by then two Sons namely 1. Henry of whom more in the next Section And 2. Robert Propagator of the Line of Burgundy the which became extinct in Philip Duke of Burgundy An. 1361. And whereas it had spread it self into two lesser Branches viz. that of Montaigue and that of Vienne or Dauphiné yet the first fail'd in Claudius de Montaigue An. 1468. the other in Humbert II. 1358. who seeing himself destitute of Issue made over Dauphiné to Philip of Valois King of France for 40000 Florins and on condition That for the future the eldest Son of France should be styled The Dauphin § II. Return we now to Henry I. Crown'd King of France 1031. The beginning of whose Reign was made uneasie by his Mother for she being desirous to advance his Brother Robert to the Throne stirred up many of the Nobility against him But the Business being decided by a Battel the Victory fell to the juster side His Death bears date 1060. And his Issue by Agnes Daughter of Basilius King of Russia were 1. Philip I. And 2. Hugh Count de Vermandois de Valois de Chaumont and d'Amiens whose Posterity fail'd in Rudolph II. Count de Vermandois c. An. 1158. Philip succeeded his Father at the age of nine Years and was Crown'd King of France An. 1060. His first Queen was Bertha Daughter of Florence I. Earl of Holland whom he divorc'd in 1093. and married Bertrada Daughter to Simon Earl of Montfort By the first be had 1. Lewis VI. but first of this Line surnam'd The Gross born 1081. 2. Henry deceased an Infant 3. Constance married to Hugh Earl of Champaigne and after his decease to Boemund Prince of Antioch By the second 1. Philip Count de Mans who married Elizabeth Daughter of Guy the second Baron of Mont le Herry but died without Issue 2. Florus Father of Elizabeth of Nantes 3. Caecilia married first to Tancred Prince of Antioch and after his decease to Pontius of Tholouse Count of Tripoli in Syria And 4. Eustachia espoused to John Count d'Estampes Of these Lewis succeeded his Father at his decease and was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1108. His Queen's Name was Adelain Daughter of Humbert II. Duke of Savoy who bore him this following Issue 1. Philip deceased sixteen Years old 2. Lewis VII born 1119. of whom in the next Section 3. Henry Archbishop of Reims 4. Robert III. Count de Dreux whose Posterity became extinct in John An. 1590. 5 Philip Archdeacon of Paris deceased 1164. 6 Peter Baron or Lord of Courtnay whose Posterity fail'd in Stephen de Raviers An. 1383. 7. Hugh deceased in his Infancy And 8. Constance married to Raymund Earl of Tholouse § III. Lewis VII surnam'd The Younger was born in 1119. and Crown'd King of France 1131. His first Queen was Eleanor Daughter and Heiress of William Duke of Aquitain whom he divorc'd in 1152. After which she was married to Henry Duke of Normandy who coming afterwards to be King of England did grievously annoy the French King His second was Constance Daughter to Alphonso VIII King of Castile who died in 1159. And his third Alice Daughter of Theobald Earl of Chambagne whom he married in 1161. She died 1205. By the first he had Issue 1. Mary married to Henry Count de Champagne She died 1179. And 2. Alice married to Theobald Earl of Chartres and Blois By the second only a Daughter named Margaret married to Henry eldest Son of Henry II. King of England and after his decease to Bela III. King of Hungary whom she likewise out-liv'd and went in Pilgrimage to the Holy Land in the City of Acres An. 1198. By by the third 1. Philip II. surnamed Augustus born Aug. 22. 1166. 2. Alice married to William Count de Ponthieu And 3. Agnes given in marriage to Comenius Alexius Emperour of Constantinople 1180. and after his death to Theodore Branas Lord of Adrianople Philip II.'s Inauguration to the Crown of France was Nov. 1. 1179. This Prince very much enlarged both the Power and Patrimony of the Crown of France for having overcome John sans Terre or Lack-land King of England he brought Normandy Bretagne Anjon Touraine Poictiers Clermont and part of Aquitain under his Jurisdiction His first Queen was Isabella Daughter of Baldwin IV. Earl of Haynault after whose decease he married Ingeburg Daughter of Waldemar King of Denmark but being afterwards divorc'd from her proceeded to a third Choice which was the Lady Agnes Daughter of Berthold Duke of By the first he had Issue only Lewis VIII born 1187. of whom in the next Section But by the third 1. Philip Earl of Bologne Clermont c. who by Maud Daughter of Reginald Earl of Dammarlin had Issue a Daughter named Joan and married to Scaevola de Châtillon 2. Mary after the decease of her first Husband Philip of Haynault Earl of
Namur re-married to Henry IV. Duke of Brabant She died 1238. § IV. Lewis VIII was Crown'd King of France in 1224. having before this been elected and had Fealty solemnly sworn him as King of England by the Nobility of that Kingdom at London An. 1216. But the English upon the death of King John changed their Minds and return'd to their Allegiance to the young King Henry III. Whereupon despising the Natural INCONSTANCY of that Nation he return'd for France Nor was he long to govern that Realm being taken off by an untimely death in the Year 1226. His Queen's Name was Blanche Daughter of Alphonso IX King of Castile by whom he had nine Children whereof five died young The four that out-liv'd him were 1. Lewis IX surnam'd The Saint born April 25. 1215. 2. Robert Earl of Artois which Branch of the Family wither'd in Charles d'Artois Count d'Eu in the Year 1472. 3. Charles Earl of Anjou and Main born 1220 Crown'd King of both the Sicily's in 1266. or 63. and Titular King of Jerusalem ten Years after His Posterity reign'd in the Kingdom of Naples 'till 1435. in Hungary 'till 1325. and in Poland 'till 1400. 4. Alphonso married indeed yet deceased without Issue As for Queen Isabella their Mother she ended her Life in a Cloyster where she retired after the King her Husband's death Lewis IX was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1226. and very much improv'd the Demesnes of the Crown He took upon him the Croisade and made an Expedition to the Holy Land in which War he was taken Prisoner by the Sarazens after the City of Damieta had surrender'd to him But being ransom'd by his Subjects return'd home After this he ventur'd on a second Expedition but died of the Plague at the Siege of Tunis An. 1270. His Queen was margaret Daughter of Reimund Berengarius Earl of Provence who departed this life 1285. having born him this following Issue 1. Isabella born 1241. married to Theobald II. King of Navarr deceased 1275. 2. Lewis who took to Wife Berengaria Daughter of Alphonso X. King of Castile yet died without Issue 1275. 3. Philip III. surnam'd the Bold born 1245. of whom in the next Section 4. John Earl of Nevers and Valois deceased without Issue 1270. 5. Blanche married to Ferdinand Prince of Castile deceased 1320. 6. Peter Count d'Alençon and Chartres deceased Issueless 1283. 7. Robert V. Count de Clermont and Lord of Bourbon of whom more beneath in the Line of Bourbon Sect. XII as Ancestor in a direct Line of the present French King § V. Philip III. surnam'd the Bold was Crown'd King of France in 1271. A Prince very deficient in most of chose Vertues that should adorn a King given to drink and easily led by those that were about him Surnam'd The Bold not from any true Courage that was eminent in him but because in that fostness of Mind he would yet brutishly expose himself to the greatest Dangers in time of Action His first Queen was Isabella Daughter of James I. King of Arragon who died in 1271. after which he married Mary Daughter to Henry III. Duke of Brabant and departed this Life 1285. The Issue that survived were 1. Philip IV. surnam'd The Fair born 1268. 2. Charles Earl of Valois Anjou c. of whom in the next Section as Author and Propagator of the Line of Valois 3. Lewis Count d'Eureux whose Posterity became extinct in Charles III. King of Navarr An. 1416. 4. Margaret married to Edward I. King of England in 1300. or 1. And 5. Blanche to Rudolph of Austria in the same Year She died 1305. Of these Philip the Fair succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France in the Year 1286. He join'd the Kingdom of Navarr to that of France which Kingdom was brought him in Marriage by his Wife Joan together with the County of Aquitain and Territory of Brigen He had a sharp War with the Flemings by whom his Forces were utterly defeated at the famous Battel of Courtray He had also several Contests with the Pope to whom he return'd the famous Answer of Sciat tua Magna Fatuitas Nos in Temporalibus nemini subesse upon his Holiness's pretending to command and direct him in some secular Affairs Moreover the Order of Knights Templars was first abolish'd by his Example and Interest throughout Christendom in the Year 1311. or 7. His Issue necessary to be here mention'd were 1. Lewis X. surnam'd Hutin King of France and Navarr born 1280. Crown'd 1315 or 14. deceased and that without Issue Male 1316. 2. Philip V. surnam'd The Long King of France and Navarr born 1292. Crown'd 1317. or 6. deceased likewise without Issue Male 1321. or 2. 3. Charles IV. surnam'd The Fair King of France and Navarr who had the same fate with his Brethren for he died in 1327 8. leaving his Wife with Child which likewise prov'd a Daughter 4. Isabella married at twelve Years old to Edward II. King of England Jan. 28. 1307. O. S. deceased 1375. Of the Line of Valois § VI. WE now return to Charles Count de Valois d'Anjou du Main d'Alençon and du Perche second Son to Philip the Bold He was thrice married his first Wife being Margaret Daughter of Charles II. King of Sicily His second Catharine de Courtney Daughter of the Emperour of Constantinople And his third Maud Daughter of Guy de Châtillon Count de St. Paul who died 1358. By these he had Issue as followeth 1. Isabella married to John III. Duke of Bretagne deceased 1309. 2. Joan the Wife of William the Good Earl of Haynault Holland and Zealand She died in the Year 1400. 3. Philip VI. of whom in the next Section 4. Charles Count d'Alençon and de Chartres whose Posterity became extinct in Charles Duke d'Alençon in the Year 1512. 5. Margarct married to Guy de Châtillon Earl of Blois 6. Catharine to Charles of Sicily Earl of Tarento 7. Joan to Robert of Artois Earl of Beaumont She died 1363. 8. Lewis Earl of Chartres deceased without Issue An. 1328. 9. Isabella Lady Abbess of Fonteverard 10. Mary married to Charles of Sicily Duke of Calabria 11. Another Isabel married to Peter I. Duke of Bourbon And 12. Blanche to the Emperour Charles IV. She died 1345. § VII Wherefore after the decease of the three Brethren Lewis Hutin Philip the Long and Charles the Fair without Issue Male the Government was setled on Philip de Valois their Cousin-Germain notwithstanding the Claim of Edward III. King of England Son to Isabel eldest Sister of the three last Kings whose Pretensions as the French said were cut off by the Salique Law Nevertheless it was soon after the occasion of a bloody War 'twixt him and King Philip Whose two Wives were Joan Daughter of Robert II. Duke of Burgundy deceased 1348. and Blanche Daughter of Philip King of Navarr who died 1398. By theâ—â— he had Issue 1. John I. surnam'd The Good 2. Philip Duke of Orleans deceased without
Issue 3. Mary married to John of Brabant Duke of Limburg She died 1333. 4. Joan a posthumous Daughter betrothed to John of Arragon Duke of Gironda or Girona but died before the Marriage cou'd be consummated An. 1371. Of these John succeeded to the Throne and was Crown'd in 1350. This Prince continu'd the War with the English but with no better success than his Father had done for he was defeated and taken Prisoner by them at the Battel of Poictiers Sept. 19. 1356. O.S. Being again set at liberty he departed this Life in 1361 4. aged fifty six His two Queens were Bona Daughter of the King of Bohemia And Joan of William Earl of Clermont By the first Venture this following Issue liv'd to be Men and Women 1. Charles V. surnam'd The Wise born Jan. 21. 1337. of whom in the next Section 2. Lewis Duke of Anjou and Touraine Crown'd King of Sicily on this side the Pharus or Watch-Tower in 1382. whose Posterity fail'd in Nicholas Duke of Calabria An. 1473. 3. Philip Duke of Burgundy born 1341. whose Posterity ended in Mary last Heiress of that Dutchy An. 1483. 4. Joan married to Charles III. King of Navarre deceased 1373. 5. Isabella to John Galeazzo Duke of Milan in 1360. And 6. John Duke of Berry he deceased without Issue 1416. 7. Margaret profess'd a Nun. § VIII Charles V. surnam'd The Wise was Crown'd King of France May 19. 1364. He was the first who in his Father's Life time was styled The Dauphin He restored the Commonwealth of France and repressed the Violence of its Enemies which he brought to pass more by Counsel and Delays than force of Arms. He also put forth a Sanction whereby the eldest Sons of France were for the future declar'd of Age at Fourteen Years old and fit to be Crown'd and Govern His Queen's Name was Joan Daughter of Peter I. Duke of Bourbon by whom he had Issue that out-liv'd him 1. Charles VI. born 1368. his Successor 2. Lewis Duke of Orleans Count de Valois d'Angouleme c. born 1371. of whom in Sect. X. And 3. Catharine married to John de Berry Count de Montpensier She died 1387. As to what relates to Charles VI. he was Crown'd King of France Nov. 4. 1380. 'T was this Prince that reduc'd the Lilies in his Coat of Arms to Three which the Kings of France his Ancestors bore without any determinate number and at each side added a Stag for Supporters In his Reign the Affairs of France were brought to the lowest ebb especially after the Battel of Agin-Court in Picardy with the English in which four Princes of the Blood with all the Flower of the French Nobility were lost This great Blow was given Octob. 24. 1415. After which he would have excluded the Dauphin and transferr'd the Kingdom to the English This unfortunate Prince departed this Life 1422. having been long distracted His Children by Isabella Daughter of Stephen Duke of Bavaria were in number twelve whereof six died young The rest were 1. Isabella married about the age of seven or eight Octob. 28. 1396. O. S. to Richard II. King of England and after his decease to Charles Duke of Orleans An. 1402. She died 1409. 2. Charles VII born Jan. 21. 1402. his Father's Successor 3. Mary she was profess'd a Nun and died 1438. 4. Joan married to John VI. Duke of Bretagne deceased 1432. 5. Michaele born 1394. married to Philip the Good Duke of Burgundy deceased 1422. 6. Catharine born Octob. 27. 1400. married to Henry V. King of England Feb. 24. 1420. And after his decease to Owen ap Meridith ap Tudor a Welsh Gentleman but descended of the ancient British Kings Grandfather of King Henry VII She died Jan. 3. 1437. § IX Charles VII surnam'd The Victorious from the Victory he obtain'd over the English at the Battel of Orleans under the Conduct of the famous Joan de Arcquis freed France from the many Miseries it had so long groan'd under and re-establish'd the Polity of that Kingdom He likewise put forth a Sanction whereby he very much curbed the pretended Jurisdiction of the Popes of Rome Yet was this otherwise happy Prince so plagu'd by his own Son the Dauphin that by reason thereof he pined himself away and died of Grief An. 1461. The Sharer of his Bed and Fortunes was Mary of Anjou Daughter of Lewis II. King of Sicily by whom he had Issue as followeth 1. Lewis XI of whom we shall soon treat 2. Charles Duke of Berry born 1446. deceased 1472. 3. Joland married to Amadeus the eighth Duke of Savoy deceased 1478. 4. Radegunda to Sigismund Duke of Austria She died 14 5. Catharine to Charles Duke of Burgundy She died 14 6. Joan to John II. Duke of Bourbon deceased 1482. And 7. Magdalen promised to Uladislaus King of Hungary but married to Gaston Fuxius Prince of Vienna deceased 1486. We now return to Lewis XI born 1423. and Crown'd 1461. a Prince excellently skill'd in the Art of Government 'T was he that instituted the Order of the Knights of St. Michael in the Year 1469. His Motto was Qui nescit simulare nescit imperare He kept his Designs so very close that the Grand Mareschal of Normandy told him one day in raillery Il faut que vôtre haquenée soit bien fort puisque ille peut bien vos porter vous tout vôtre Conseil That his Mule must needs be very strong since it cou'd so easily carry him and all his Counsel For the rest of his Character He was an undutiful Son a severe Father and a disloyal Husband implacable in his Nature insomuch as he was never known to be reconciled to any he had once fallen out with Nor had he any other esteem for Religion but as it serv'd his Interest He departed this Life Aug. 30. 1483 4. having had two Wives viz. Margaret Daughter of James I. King of Scotland and Charlotte Daughter of Lewis Duke of Savoy and by them a Son and two Daughters viz. 1. Anne married to Peter Duke of Bourbon 1473. deceased 1522. 2. Joan Dutchess of Berry born 1464. and married to Lewis Duke of Orleans afterwards King by whom she was divorced and died 1504. 3. Charles VIII born 1470. and Crown'd 1484. A little Man of no bad Disposition yet slow of Parts and altogether ignorant of Arts and Letters Contracted at scarce six Years old to Elizabeth Daughter of Edward IV. King of England which Contract being afterwards broke he was betrothed to Margaret Daughter to the Emperour Maximilian who was accordingly sent into France to have her Education there that she might the better be accustomed to the Manners of that Nation Nevertheless she was sent home again by her Spouse when he came to be his own Master and he married or rather ravish'd Anne Daughter and sole Heiress of the Duke of Bretagne already married by Proxy to his design'd Father-in-Law Maximilian the Emperour but had no Issue by her that survived him He came to
Massacre at Paris This Prince had Poets in great esteem and sometimes wrote Verses himself He composed a Poem on Stag-Hunting to which Recreation he was given to a fault Of all his Sanctions that is most remarkable which he publish'd for reforming the Computation of the Year For whereas all other Nations began their Year from the Feast of the Circumcision the French alone commenced theirs from Easter which was alter'd by this King He departed this Life 1574. in the flower of his Age after a long and painful Sickness His Queen was Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperour Maximilian II. who bore him only a Daughter nam'd Mary Elizabeth born 1572. deceased 1578. 6. Henry III. born Sept. 19. 1551. elected King of Poland 1573. Crown'd King of France 1574. murdered by James Clement a Dominican Friar Aug. 2. 1589. leaving no Issue 7. Francis Duke of Alençon and Brabant born 1554. deceased a Batchellor 1584. 8. Margaret married in 1572. to Henry IV. King of Navarre and afterwards of France divorc'd from him 1600. deceased 1615. 9. Victoria and Twins born and dead the same Year viz. 1556. 10. Joan Twins born and dead the same Year viz. 1556. Of the Line of Bourbon § XIII MAtter 's being thus far clear'd and discuss'd we shall now bring Robert V. Son of Lewis IX once more on the Stage having been already mention'd in Sect. 4. Numb 7. His eldest Son's Name was Lewis Count de Clermont and Duke of Bourbon and his Grandson's James de Bourbon Count de la Marche and Ponthieu Constable of France who died in the Year 1362. being Father of John Count de la Marche who succeeded him and begat 1. James II. Count de la Marche King of Naples who died 1438 having had by Beatrix Daughter of Charles III. King of Navarre only a Daughter that surviv'd him namely Eleanor married to Bernhard d'Armanac Count de Pardiac 2. Lewis de Bourbon Count de Vendôme of whom a little below 3. Anne married to John de Berry Count de Montpensier and after his decease to Lewis Barbatus Duke of Bavaria 4. Mary to John de Beine Baron de Croix 5. Charlotte to John King of Cyprus she died 1487. 6. John de Bourbon Baron de Carency whose Posterity became extinct in John de Bourbon Baron de Carency much about the Year 1493. As for Lewis the second Son he begat John de Bourbon Count de Vendôme who was Father of Francis de Bourbon Count de Vendôme born 1470 and Lewis de Bourbon Prince de la Roche sur Yâ—n which Branch of the Family fail'd in Henry de Bourbon Duke of Montpellier An. 1608. Francis the elder Brother departed this Life 1493. having begat Charles Duke de Vendôme born 1489. deceased 1534. This Charles had many Children by Frances d'Alençon Dutchess of Beaumont Francis Duke of Longueville's Widow whereof ten whose Names follow liv'd to be Men and Women viz. 1. Margaret born 1516. married to Francis Duke of Cleves 1538. 2. Anthony Duke de Vendòme and King of Navarre of whom in the next Section 3. Francis Count d'Enghien born 1519. deceased without Issue 1546. 4. Magdalen Lady Abbess of Poictiers 5. Charles born 1523 and promoted to the Cardinalate in 1566. He was likewise made Bishop of Roan and died May 9. 1590. 6. Catharine and Lady Abbesses of Secession and Chelles 7. Renata Lady Abbesses of Secession and Chelles 8. John Duke d'Enghien born 1528. deceased 1557. 9. Lewis Prince de Conde of whose most Noble Progeny we shall speak in the XV. Section of this Chapter 10. Eleaner born 1535. deceased 1611. § XIV We now return to Anthony Duke of Vendôme Son of Charles Duke of Vendôme as is objected just above He was born in the Year 1518. and performed many Noble and great Actions in the Service and under the Auspices of Francis I. and Henry II. Kings of France After the death of his Father in-Law Henry II. King of Navarre whose only Daughter and Heiress Joan d'Albret he had married he possess'd himself of that Kingdom and the Principality of Bern or at least as much of â—em as the Spamards had left him He was more than once in great danger of his Life from the Guisian Faction yet died a natural death in 1562. leaving Issue a Son and a Daughter namely 1. Catharine married to Henry Duke of Lorrain Jan. 30. 1599. deceased 1604. And 2. Henry IV. surnam'd The Great King of France and Navarre born 1553. The Greatness of whose Actions has totally eclipsed the Glory of the most famous Monarch that ever Rul'd in France In the Fifteenth Year of his Age he was Head of the Protestants in France At Nineteen he went to the French Court at Paris being invited to be present at those tragick Nuptials infamous through the whole World for the treacherous and bloody Massacre of so many thousand Innocent and Noble Persons In the same Year he took on him the Title of King of Navarre upon the death of his Mother the Queen He thrice extorted Peace from the King's Party and by the Battel of Courtray 1581. Henry III. being yet alive dissolv'd the League entered into by the Pope the King of Spain and the Guisian Faction for the Confusion of the Protestants After the death of Henry III. he was Crown'd King of France but not 'till 1594. having first profess'd himself a Papist On May 4. 1610. O. S. he was assassinated and stabb'd in Paris by that infamous Villain Francis Ravillac His first Queen was Margaret de Valois Daughter of Henry II. King of France whom he divorc'd After which he married Mary de Medices Daughter of Francis Great Duke of Tuscany deceased 1642. by whom he had Issue as followeth 1. Lewis XIII of whom more in the next Section 2. Elizabeth married to Philip IV. King of Spain 1615. deceased 1644. 3. Christina to Victor Amadeus I. Duke of Savoy she died 1663. 4. Gaston John Baptist Duke of Orleans born 1608. who was twice married his first Dutchess being Mary of Bourbon Daughter of Henry Duke of Montpensier deceased 1627. His second Margaret of Lorrain Daughter of Francis Count de Vaudemont deceased 1672. By these he had four Daughters viz. 1. Anne Mary Dutchess of Montpensier born 1627. now alive and unmarried 2. Margaret Louise born 1645. and married 1661. to Cosmus III. Great Duke of Tuscany 3. Isabella born 1646. and married to Joseph Lewis Duke of Guise in 1667. She is now a Widow 4. Frances Magdalen born 1648. married to Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy 1663. deceased May 11. 1665. 5. Henrietta Maria born 1609. married to Charles I. King of England May 1. 1625. O. S. deceased July 31. 1669. aged Sixty § XV. Lewis XIII born Sept. 27. 1601. succeeded his Father and was Crown'd King of France Octob. 18. 1610. An excellent Prince had he not given too much way to the Counsels of those two famous Ministers of State Richlieu and Mazarine He never fought but where he conquer'd In
King Edward's Assistance recovers it and does him Homage and swears Fealty for it 1333. And now there happening some disgust between him and Philip de Valois King of France he bethinks himself of his Title to thâ— Crown in right of Isabel his Mother 〈◊〉 which the Banishment of Robert de Artois by King Philip his Brother who fled for safety to him gave him a fair Opportunity Nor was he wanting to it for he not only receiv'd him joyâ—ully but made him Earl of Richmend and of his Council 1336. which he liv'd not long to enjoy for after six years serving him in France he was wounded at the Siege of Vanner and brought to England where he died 1342. The Year following he instituted the Order of the Garter and created his eldest Son Edward Prince of Wales In July 1346. he enters Normandy with a mighty Army and takes the Prince with him who not full Sixteen fought the Battel of Cressy in Picardy on St. Bartholomew's Day the same Year and obtain'd so great a Victory that Callice was forthwith besieg'd and surrender'd Aug. 3. 1347. On which the King took the Title and Arms of France and return'd for England where the Prince Electors signifie to him That they had chosen him King of the Romans which he refused In the Year 1356. the Prince goes over again fights the Battel of Poictiers in Poictou and takes John the French King Prisoner Septemb 19. the same Year Returns for England brings the said King with him whence he was not deliver'd 'till 1360. at what time an Accord had been made on his behalf at Britigny near Chartres During this Cessation with France the Prince of Wales accompanied with his Brother John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster relieves Peter King of Castile and Leon expuls'd by his Bastard-Brother Henry and restor'd him 1367. But little of the Accord with France being perform'd the King upon his return sends the Prince into Acquitain and in a short time the said Duke John and his younger Brother Edmond Earl of Cambridge to aid him to whom his Health failing him he left the profecution of the War and return'd himself 1371. Nor did his Brother John much after him save that coming for England he by reason of the Prince's sickness wholly manag'd his aged Father which being taken notice of by some of the Prince's Friends he is banâ—â—â—'d the Court Not long after which the Prince died 1375 being the Forty ninth of his Father's Reign and Forty sixth of his Age. His Wise was Joan Daughter of Edmond Earl of Kent his Father's Brother by whom he had 1. Edward born at Angoulesm and died young 2. Richard born at Bourdeaux who succeeded his Grandfather As also two Natural Sons 1. Sir John Sounder 2. Sir Reger Clarendon put to death by Henry IV. for endeavouring the Restauration of his said Brother Richard 1402. And now after the Prince's death the Duke of Lancaster came in play again and openly favour'd John Wickliffe to the great disturbance of the State and therefore lest he might do by Richard of Bâ—urdeaux as Earl John had done by his Nephew Arthur the King providently setled the Succession in Parliament upon the said Richard creating him first Earl of Cheste and Câ—rnwal and then Prince of Wales and died June 21. 1377. in the Sixty fourth Year of his Age and Fiftieth of his Reign He had to Wise Philippa of Haynault who bore him Have Daughters 1. Isabel married to Ingelram Lord of Coueâ— Earl of Sâ—â—â—â—â—ns and Bedford afterwards Archduke of Austria 2. Joan to Alphonso II. of Castile by Proxy but die before it was consummated 3. Mary to John Menserd Duke of Bretagne 4. Margaret to John Hastings Earl of Pembrâ—â—â— but died without Issae 5. Also another Daughter Blanch who died young And seven Sons 1. Edward surnamed The Black Prince of whom before 2. William surnamed Of Hatfield the Place of his Birth He died young 3. Lionel born at Antwerp 1338. made Earl of Ulster in Ireland in right of his Wise Elizabeth Daughter of William Burgh Earl of Ulster with whom also he had the Honour of Clare in the County of Thoumond in that Kingdom and thence created Dake of Clarence She brought him one Daughter only Philippa married to Edmond Mortimer Eail of March Mother of Reger Earl of March Father of Anne Countess of Cambridge Grandmother of King Edward IV. 4 John surnamed Of Gaunt where he was hom 1342. Created Duke of Lancaster 1352. He had three Wives 1. Blanch Daughter and Heir of Henry Earl of Lancaster Son of Edmond Crouch back youngest Son of King Henry III. as before by whom he had Henry of Bullenbrook Earl of Derby who usurp'd upon Richard II. and was the first of the Lancastrian Kings His second Wise was Constance eldest Daughter of Peter King of Castile and Leon in whose Right he bore the same Title and had by her Catharine whose Posterity became Kings of Spain in her Right His third Wife was Catharine Widow of Sir Hugh Swinford an English Knight eldest Daughter and Co heir of Pain Red Guien King at Arms her younger Sifter married Sir Jeoffry Chaucer the English Laureat He had by her before Marriage several Children surnamed De Beaufort from a Castle of his in France of that Name where they were born In regard of which they gave a Portcullis for their Cognisance and were all of them legitimated in Parliament 1397. with this Clause nevertheless Excepting the Reg Dignity As 1. John first Knighted and afterwards created Earl of Somerset 1398. 2. Henry afterwards Bishop of Winchester Cardinal of St. Eusebius and Chancellor of England 3. Thomas first created Earl of Dorset 1398. and afterwards Duke of Exeter 1414. 4. And one Daughter Joan first married to Ralph Nevil Baron of Wemm created afterwards the first Earl of West mâ—rland And after him to Robert Ferrers Lord of Owseley 5. Edmond of Langley born 1342. created Earl of Cambridge 1362. Duke of York 1386. He was the first that gave the White Rose and died 1402. His Wife was Isabella youngest Daughter of the said Peter King of Castile by whom he had Richard Plantagenet Earl of Cambridge married to Anne Mortimer Daughter of Roger Earl of March by whom he had Richard Duke of York slain at the Battel of Wakefield 1460. Father of 1. Edward Duke of York who recover'd the Crown from King Henry VI. 2. George Duke of Clarence 3. Richard Duke of Gloucester afterwards King 6. William of Windsor who died young 7. Thomas of Woodstock a Man valiant and wise He was created Earl of Buckingham 1376. then Duke of Gloucester by Richard II. and at last treacherously made away some say strangled at Callice 1397. XII Richard II. born at Bourdeaux 1367. succeeded his Grandfather and was Crown'd July 16. 1377. in the 11th Year of his Age. The Care of him was first committed to certain Bishops and Earls and lastly to Thomas Beauchamp Earl of Warwick 1379. In the Year 1382.
John Ball a Priest and Disciple of Wickliffe with one Watt Tyler a Taylor and others work the Common People into a Rebellion murder Simon de Sudbury Archbishop of Canterbury and several of the Nobility and with a numerous Rabble come at last to Smithfield by Landon where Sir VVilliam VVallwâ—rth then Lord Mayor upon some rude Language given the King by the said Tyler stabb'd him dead and therewith dispers'd the Rabble In memory of which the King gave the City the Augmentation of a Bloody Dagger to their Coâ—â—n the Year 1366. Henry 〈◊〉 of Derby Son of John of Gaunt was created Duke of Hereferd and being accus'd by 〈◊〉 Mâ—ubrey Duke of Norfolk of some dangerous Words by him 〈◊〉 demanded a Trial by Battel which was accepted and both being in the Lists ready in combat Hereford was banâ—th'd for ten Years of which the King struck oft four and went 〈◊〉 France And the Year following Johne Gaunt died In 1399 the King went into Ireland and in his absence Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury and others contrive to depose him and set up Henry now Duke of Lancaster who upon their Invitation return'd and met the King in VVales from whence he was convey'd to the Tower of London where a Parliament being in the mean time call'd in King Richard's Name the King resign'd his Crown to the said Henry and made the Bishops of York and Hereford his Procurators to declare his Resignation to the Parliament which was accepted And to colour the matter Articles were preserâ—ed against him on which he was deposed Septemb. 9. 1399. and afterwards trait 〈◊〉 murdered in Pomfret Castle 1401. by Sir Pierce Exten and eight others as he was at Dâ—â—â—er of whom yet he slew four in the Thirty third Year of his Age and Twenty secâ—nd of his Reign His first Wife was Anne Daughter of Charles IV. Emperour His second Isabel Daughter of Charles VI. King of France but had no Issue by either of them XIII § VI. Upon this Deposition Henry â—â—â—ke of Lancaster eldest Son of John of Gaunt tourth Son of Edward III. Born 1368. was Crown'd King Octch. 13. 1399. by the Name of King Henry IV. albeit Edmond Mortimer Earl of March Son of Roger Mortimer Earl of March Son and Heir of Philippa Daughter and Heir of â—iond third Son of King Edward III. was then living and the said Earl Râ—ger his Father upon King Richard's going into Ireland in the Year 1385. had been declared in Parliament Heir Apparent to the Crown if the said Richard died without Issue This occasioned those bloody Wars between the Houses of York and Lancaster in which there were Twelve pitch'd Battels fought between them in the compass of Thirty six Years The beginning of his Reign was sull of Troubles for Thomas Merks Bishop of Carlisle made a Speech in Parliament in favour of Richard the deposed King for which albeit he was imprison'd yet it so stuck with the Nobility that six of the Chief of them combine to seize King Henry and restore King Richard and to that purpose undertook a solemn Justing to he held at Oxford in the Chrismas 1401. and invited the King to it which he accepted but the Plot being accidentally discovered by one of the Conspirators it was seasonably prevented and crush'd Nor was it long are Owen Glendour rose in VVales 1400. and declared for Edmond Mortimer The like did the Earls of Northumberland and Worcester in the North who before they could join Forces were beaten by the exemplary Courage of Prince Henry his Son 1403. The King at last having wrought through every thing that oppos'd him died of an Apoplexy March 20. 1413. in the Forty sixth Year of his Age and Fourteenth of his Reign His first Wife was Mary one of the Daughters and Co-heirs of Humphrey de Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton she died before he came to the Crown 1394. but left him four Sons 1. Henry V. who succeeded him 2. Thomas Duke of Clarence slain at Beaufort in France but left no Issue 3. John Duke of Bedford and Regent of France Died Septemb. 14. 1435. but had no Issue 4. Humphrey surnamed The Good created Duke of Gloucester by his Brother Henry V. Protector to his Nephew Henry VI. and at last imprison'd and strangled by the device of Queen Margaret Wife of the said Henry VI. 1447. His second Wife was Joan Daughter of Charles I. King of Navarre Widow of John de Menthâ—â—â— Duke of Bretagne by whom he had no Issue She surviv'd her Husband and died 1437. XIV To him succeeded his eldest Son Henry V. born at Monmouth 1385. Crown'd April 9. 1412. His Youth had been somewhat extravagant but he soon recover'd it and supplied his defect of Title by worthy Actions The Parliament at this time look'd with a sharp eye upon the Church-Lands and to divert the Humour Henry Chichely Archbishop of Canterbury put the King in the head of his Title to France and withal assur'd him That he had consulted the Clergy and that they had resolv'd to advance such a Summ towards it as never Spiritual Persons had given to any King before Upon this the King treated with the Parliament touching the matter which they so approv'd that an Army is forthwith rais'd in the head of which he lands in France and in a sew days besieg'd Harflue and took it 1415. and having pass'd the River Soame came up with the French then lying at Agincourt where with an Army not exceeding 15000 Men he cut off the others of 60000 Octob. 25. the same Year and return'd for England 1416. and made the Duke of Bedford Regent of France 1417. whither he follow'd himself the same Summer Took Caen 1417. Chierburgh Dampfront 1418. Rohan Vernon Mante Pontoise the Castle of St. Germane Meulane 1419. And after another Victory near the City of Mens it was amongst other things concluded That King Henry should marry the Lady Catharine the King of France's Daughter and after his death become Heir of the said Realm and in the mean time have the whole Government of the same as Regent thereof According to which they were married June 3. 1420. and the King solemnly proclaim'd Heir and Regent of France and the Duke of Burgundy and most of the Nobility swore Fealty to him As also did the Three Estates of the Realm assembled at Paris each Person severally for himself 1421. And in April following carried his Queen into England Yet notwithstanding this Charks the Dauphin retires to Berry and gets Forces together Nor was the Duke of Bedford less industrious to pursue him 'till the King coming over again and in his march to relieve Cosny then besieg'd by the Dauphin was taken with a Pleurisie of which he died at Blot St. Vincent Aug. 31. 1422. in the Thirty eighth Year of his Age and Tenth of his Reign and left by the said Catharine de Valois Daughter of the said King of France XV. Henry VI. born at Windsor Decem.
March 29. 1462. However himself escap'd into Scotland and sent the Queen and Prince to her Father in France and King Edward on the other hand Crown'd June 29. following Nor was Queen Margaret all this while idle but return'd with new Forces into the North where she joyn'd those Succours her Husband had brought out of Scotland and with the Assistance of their Friends at home out it to another Battel at Exham Field May 4. 1463. where King Henry was taken and the Queen made her escape into France to her Father And now King Edward being in a manner setled he sent the Earl of Warwick into France to demand the Lady Bona Daughter to Lewis Duke of Savoy and Sister to Charlotte then Queen of France for Wife which was so well relish'd that it was in a short time assented to But it so happen'd that the Lady Elizabeth Gray Widow of Sir John Gray slain at the last Battel of St. Alban's coming to petition for her Joynture which had been seiz'd into the King's hands the King not only granted it but became a Petitioner himself And being not able to obtain it otherwise married her 1465. This bred no good Blood in France and netled Warwick who took no notice of it for the present but with the King's leave retir'd to Warwick However to prevent the worst the King made his Brother George Nevil Archbishop of York 1467 and to secure a Friend against France married his Sister Margaret to Charles Duke of Burgundy 1468. By this time the Earl of VVarwick still meditating a Revenge had wrought over to his Design the said Archbishop and his other Brother John Marquess Montacute and leaving them behind him to make some Commotion in his absence took the Duke of Clarence with him and went over to his Command at Callice And upon full assurance that the said Duke bore no great Good-will to the King his Brother for a Tie of Friendship between them married the Lady Isabel his elder Daughter to him The Commotion was ascordingly made and in a short time impror'd to such a Rebellion that the King was forc'd to raise an Army to suppress it But VVarwul who had privately gotten over and now headed it by the assistance of Clarence fell upon the King in the Night and brought him Prisoner to VVarwick-Castle whence he made as escape and having gotten to London so ordered his Affairs that Clarence and VVarwid were forc'd for France again where they are kindly receiv'd especially by Queen Margaret who to secure the Earl to her side married he Son the Prince to Anne second Daughter oâ— the said Earl and took an Oath of him and such of the Nobility as follow'd her Fortune not to leave the War 'till either King Henry or his Son the Prince were restor'd to the Crown On which he came over for Eâ—â—land and forc'd King Edward into Holland Where he stay'd not long but return'd and drove VVarwick back to Callice April 1470. Where having made his Recruits he came over the August following and the Country so fell in with him that King Edward finding himself not able to withstand the Force pass'd the Sea to his Brother-in-Law the Duke of Burgundy and left his Queen in the Sanctuary at VVestrninster where she was deliver'd of her eldest Son Prince Edward VVarwick in the mean time making for London deliver'd King Henry out of the Tower and restor'd him to his Kingly Government himself neverthelass being made Lieutenant of the Realm and Clarence who unknown to the Earl had made his Peace with King Edward his Brother loyn'd as Associate with him The Duke of Burgundy in the mean time though he publickly refus'd to appear for King Edward yet underhand gave him that Supply from others that he landed again in England March 12. 1471. where he found his Friends ready to receive him and the Earl of Warwick though Clarence began to draw off and Queen Margaret not yet come with her Succours from France as forward to oppose him Notwithstanding which King Edward got to London and had King Henry deliver'd to him by the Archbishop of York to whose Care the Earl of Warwick his Brother had entrusted him This done King Edward advanc'd towards St. Alban's where Warwick lay and met him at Barnet-Heath where after a desperate Engagement the said Earl and his other Brother the Marquess Montacute were slain April 14. 1471. King Edward went back to London and offer'd his Standard at St. Paul's nor was the Ceremony scarce over before news was brought him That Queen Margaret was landed at Weymouth with a mighty Power On which the King march'd against her with what expedition he could and met her at Teuxbury May 4. following and after a bloody Fight gave her a total Rout and took the Prince her Son Prisoner whom the Dukes of Clarence and Gloucester afterwards King Richard III. slew in the King's presence Not long after which the said Queen being found in a poor House of Religion was brought a Prisoner to London and so kept 'till ransom'd by her Father And to compleat the Tragedy King Henry now Prisoner in the Tower underwent the same Fate with his Son and by the same hand the 23d of the same Month and Year having reigned but six Months after his recovery of the Crown Upon which Jasper Earl of Pembroke taking his young Nephew Henry Earl of Richmond afterwards King Henry VII with him made his escape to the Duke of Bretagne and was well receiv'd by him nor could King Edward with all his Artifices ever get him out of his hands And now all things quieted a home the King went for Callice 1474. to divert the King of France's Attempts upon Burgundy but the Duke failing to joyn him according to promise he made a Peace with the King of France for nine Years which was sworn to by both Kings upon an Interview between them near Amiens 1475. and return'd to England After which George Duke of Clarence upon some old Disgusts between the King and him was sent to the Tower 1476. adjudg'd a Traitor and not long after found dead in a Butt of Malmsie 1477. Leaving Issue by the said Earl of VVarwick's Daughter Anne 1. Edward created Earl of VVarwick by the said King Edward and beheaded by Henry VII 1500. 2. Margaret Countess of Salisbury Mother of Cardinal Pool beheaded by Henry VIII 1541. In which two died the Right Line and Surname of Plantagenet In the Year 1482. James III. King of Scotand having broken some Articles between King Edward and him the King sent an Army into Scotland under the Command of the Duke of Gloucester took Berwick and brought that King to his Terms But while he was preparing for a War with France fell sick and died April 9. 1483. in the Forty first Year of his Age and Twenty third of his Reign He had to Wife the Lady Elizabeth Gray before-mention'd who brought him five Daughters and two Sons 1. Elizabeth of York
they began to be afraid he was in earnest 'till at last Good Nature prevail'd and he enclin'd to their Petition and took upon him the Kingship June 22. 1483. which is the sum of the three Months and nineteen Days Reign of King Edward V. He was never Crown'd nor married but together with his Brother Richard Duke of York murder'd in the Tower in a short time after XVIII After this Mock-Election Richard III. now no longer Protector was Crown'd King July 6. following with the self-same Provision that was appointed for the Coronation of his Nephew with this addition only That his Queen was Crown'd with him And now the first thing he did was to commit Morton Bishop of Ely who had been secur'd in the Tower to the Custody of the Duke of Buckingham who sent him to a House of his at Brecknock in Wales whence he afterwards escap'd to the destruction of King Richard That done the King made a progress to Gloucester and sent one John Green whom he ' specially trusted with a Letter of Credence to Sir Robert Brakenbury Constable of the Tower the effect of which was to put the young Princes to death which he absolutely refus'd though said he he were to die therefore On this he sent another Letter by Sir James Tyrrel with a Command to Brakenbury to deliver him the Keys of the Tower for one Night which was accordingly done and the Princes murder'd by one Miles Forrest a Fellow flesh'd in Blood before that time and John Dighton his own Groom The Duke of Buckingham had accompanied the King in his Progress but whether it were that the King had been remiss to him in his Promise touching the Earldom of Hereford or that the Duke look'd a-skew on the Crown he had procur'd him the Duke left him at Gloucester but not without large Assurances from the King who doubted nothing less but that he was pleased And so with a merry Countenance and a disgusted Heart the Duke went off to his Charge at Brecknock The Bishop had been a firm Adherer to the House of Loncaster and the Duke had lost his Father and Grandfather in their Quarrel This and the but just Reputation of the Bishop's Experience begat a Familiarity between them which after several broken Discourses off and on came at last to this That they took an Oath of Secresie to each other and the PRESENT USURPATION and Tyranny was the Single Argument The Duke ran over the King's Breach of Faith with him and particularly charges him with the Murder of his Nephews which he had sworn to him never to attempt Nor was the Bishop wanting to give the Flame vent and as Occasion offer'd to add fresh Fuel to the Fire On which it was at last resolv'd between them That the Tyrant be remov'd And for the manner of doing it the Bishop having got within him proposes to him his own Title as Grandchild by the Mother to Edmond Duke of Somerset lineally descended from John of Gaunt and so next Heir to King Henry VI. Which the Duke answer'd by saying He once thought so and had resolv'd on it 'till having better consider'd he remembred That Edmond his Grandfather had an elder Brother John Duke of Somerset whose Daughter the Lady Margaret Countess of Richmond is sole Heir to him and therefore to marry her Son Henry Earl of Richmond to the Lady Elizabeth eldst Daughter of King Edward IV. and there by unite the two Houses of York and Lancaster were the only Expedient to settle the Kingdom The Bishop now was where he would be and therefore for fear the matter should cool proposes a sober Gentleman one Reginald Gray a Servant of the Countess's not unknown to the Duke who should communicate the Affair to such Persons as the Duke should direct Which being approv'd of Gray is forthwith sent for and dispatch'd to the Countess who liked it so well that she sent one Lewis her Physician to acquaint the Queen with it who return'd him to the Countess with this Answer That if her Son Henry would take a corporal Oath to marry her Daughter Elizabeth that all the Friends and Favourers of King Edward her Husband should assist and take part with him Which being agreed to by the Countess she sent Christopher Urswick her Chaplain to her Son in Bretagne and by another way Monies and particular Instructions that he should land in Wales Matters thus disposed and Answers return'd the Duke and the Bishop engage several of the Nobility and Gentry in an Oath of Secresie and every of them prepare Forces to meet the Earl of Richmond and joyn him Yet things were not so closely carried but that King Richard got an inkling of it and therefore ply'd the Duke of Bretagne to whom the Earl of Richmond had open'd his Design to deliver the said Earl into his hands Which he not only refus'd but on the contrary assisted him with Men and Monies During which the Bishop took the opportunity of making an escape into Flanders which fretted the Duke and that the more in regard the King knowing the Duke to be in the head of the Business wrote him a kind Letter thereby inviting him to Court which he excus'd with pretence of Sickness Whereupon the King sent him a peremptory Command which he as determinately answered by word of mouth That he would not come to his mortal Enemy and sent immediately to his Friends to take Arms with him which they accordingly did But before they could join him the Duke's Forces were dispers'd and every Man shifted for himself as he best might Most of the Chief of which got into Bretagne and the Duke to the House of one Banister beside Shrewsbury whom he had bred from his Youth and lov'd and trusted above all Men yet for the hopes of 1000 l. which was set upon the Duke's Head he was betray'd by him and brought to Shrewsbury where he was beheaded without Trial Novemb. 1. the same Year And the Earl of Richmond and such as had gotten over to him were attainted in Parliament 1484. Nor was the Earl idle all this time but applied himself to Charles VIII King of France who liberally assisted him suitable to the Expedition And so the Earl having given the English Nobility his Oath That forthwith after his being possess'd of the Crown of England he would take to Wife the Lady Elizabeth as aforesaid they swore him Fealty and did him Homage and made ready to set forward for England And being inform'd That Richard had gotten the Daughters of Edward IV. into his hand with the Consent of the Queen their Mother and made away his Wife to the intent of marrying the said Lady Elizabeth he made the more haste and with the Earl of Pembroke and the rest put to Sea and landed at Milford Haven the August following and thence remov'd to Hereford where the Country came in to him and a Message from the Town of Pembroke That they were ready to give their
attendance on the Earl their Lord. By which means and several of King Richard's Party falling in with him his Army grew stronger daily and the Lord Stanly who had married the Countess of Richmond Mother to Henry lay hovering with an Army of five thousand Men but durst not declare for him for fear of the Lord Strange his Son whom King Richard kept as an Hostage for his Father 's not acting against him Yet was not Richard so amaz'd at it but that he met his Enemy with a powerful Army at Bosworth near Leicester where in the heat of the Battel the Lord Stanly joyn'd Earl Henry with his fresh Forces as also did Sir William Stanly his Brother with three thousand more and slew King Richard Aug. 22. 1485. whose Crown found among the Spoil he forthwith put on the Head of the said Earl on which he was proclaim'd King by the Army Thus fell that Usurper Richard in the Thirty seventh Year of his Age and Third of his Reign His Wife was Anne youngest Daughter of Richard Earl of Warwick by whom he had Edward Prince of Wales Earl of Chester and Salisbury born in his Uncle King Edward IV.'s Reign An. 1473. of whom before As also a Natural Daughter viz. Catharine Plantagenet But neither of them surviv'd him XIX § VII King Henry VII Son of Edmond Teuther Earl of Richmond by the Lady Margaret Daughter and Heir of John Duke of Somerset lineally descended from John de Beaufort before-mentioned having thus gotten the Victory at Bosworth the first thing he did was to secure Edward Plantagenet Earl of Warwick about Fifteen Years of Age Son of George Duke of Clarence of whom also before kept Prisoner in Yorkshire by King Richard III. together with the Lady Elizabeth the former of which he sent to the Tower the other to her Mother in London whither he follow'd by slow Journies and was Crown'd Octob. 30. the same Year And having call'd a Parliament in which the Inheritance of the Crown of this Realm and France was entail'd on him and the Heirs of his Body he married the said Lady Elizabeth Jan. 18. following In 1486. he call'd another Parliament in which it was enacted That the Queen Dowager Elizabeth should forfeit all her Lands and Possessions because she had voluntarily submitted her sell and her Daughters to Richard III. contrary to her Promise to the Lords c. On which she retir'd to a Nunnery at Bermondsey where she died not many Years after And now such as favour'd the House of York set a Project on foot to lay by King Henry and advance the aforesaid Edward Earl of Warwick to the Crown To which purpose one Richard Simond a crafty Priest of Oxford having a sharp Pupil call'd Lambert Simnell and not unlike the said Earl either for Stature or Years He is pitch'd upon to personate him and take his Name who as was given out had got out of the Tower Nor was it long ere he was so well instructed in the Mien of a Prince and the Lineage he was to pretend to that they adventur'd for Ireland where he was receiv'd as the undoubted Heir of the House of York which the Irish rather favour'd than that of Lancaster Upon advice of this the Earl of Lincoln Son of John de la Pool Duke of Suffolk by Elizabeth Sister to King Edward IV. and others his Friends not thinking it meet to neglect so fair an Opportunity got over into Flanders to the Lady Margaret Dutchess Dowager of Burgundy one other Sister of the said King Edward where they met the Lord Lovel who had escap'd from Bosworth and at last concluded among them That Lincoln and Lovel should go into Ireland and there attend upon Lambert and honour him as King and taking with him two thousand Men should with the Power of the Irish Men bring him into England in which if they succeeded Lambert should be laid by and the true Earl of Warwick be deliver'd out of Prison and Crown'd King King Henry on the other hand made no more of it than to expose the Earl of Warwick to a publick view through the City 'till hearing that the Earl of Lincoln was arriv'd in Ireland and had Crown'd Lambert at Dublin with a resolution of coming for England he gather'd a great Army against him who by that time was landed near Lancaster and came forward to Stoke where the King's Forces met him and after a hard-fought Battel and total Overthrow to Lambert he and his Tutor were taken Prisoners June 16. 1487. and being brought to London Lambert was made a Turn-spit in the King's Kitchen and the other as being a Priest committed to perpetual Imprisonment There were also other Insurrections the same Year which the King dispers'd by his Proclamation of Pardon ere it came to the Sword And having made a Truce with Scotland for seven Years Crown'd his Queen Novemb. 25. following About this time the King of France making War upon the Duke of Bretagne King Henry mediates between them But to no effect for upon the death of the said Duke 1488. the King of France over-ran the Dutchy incorporated it to the Crown of France and in 1489. married the Dutchess King Henry lik'd not this new Accession and therefore since nothing else could prevail made War upon France 1490. The Dutchess of Burgundy laid hold of the Occasion and brings upon the Stage one Peter or Perkin Warbeck to take on him the Name and Person of Richard Duke of York second Son of King Edward IV. her Brother not murder'd in the Tower as she gave it abroad but escap'd into Ireland whither she had underhand sent him In which he acted his Part so well that he was taken for what he personated 1491. The French King being advertis'd thereof sent for him out of Ireland to the intent to arm him against King Henry who was then invading France gave him a Royal Reception and assign'd him a Guard On which several of the English got over to him But it so happening that the two Kings were made Friends Perkin was dismiss'd and with his Followers went to the Dutchess of Burgundy who joyfully welcom'd him yet seeming as if she had never seen him solemnly examin'd him Of his escape from being murder'd In what Countries he had wandred By what means he had found Friends and What Chance of Fortune had brought him to her Court. To all which he made such direct Answers that she assign'd him a Princely Guard and call'd him The White Rose of England 1492. And to the end the truth of the matter might be the better known Sir Robert Clifford and one William Barely are by the common Consent of such as favour'd the House of York sent over to the Dutchess to declare their Intentions concerning him Which when she had heard she brought them to Perkin who so well humour'd the thing that Sir Robert wrote back to them and to put them out of doubt affirm'd That he knew him to be
Daughter Elizabeth who afterwards was Queen Septemb 10. following And lastly after a like Divorce beheaded with a Sword May 19. 1536. Three days after whose death some say sooner he married the Lady Jane Seimour Daughter of Sir John Seimour who brought him a Son Prince Edward who succeeded him October the 12th 1537. and died two days after During this â—ime the Cardinal with the King's leave was on his Journey for York but arrested of High-Treason by the way and died at Leicester Abbey Nov. 30. 1530. ere he could reach London To him succeeded in Favour and Power his Servant Cromwell the occasion thus The Cardinal had by the Pope's License suppress'd some small Religious Houses for the Endowment of his Colleges of Christ's Church in Oxford and Ipswich which the King made use of as a Wimble to let in the greater Augre and Cromwell his Instrument for suppressing the rest If they voluntarily surrender'd they went off with Pensions if otherwise and that they defended their Possessions they ran Whiting the Abbot of Glastenbury's Fate to be hang'd for taking Arms against the King From which Beginnings there were first and last dissolved Monasteries 645. whereof 26 had Place and Voice among the Peers Colleges 90. Chauntries and Free-Chappels 2374. Hospitals 110. Nor was the King wanting to give him a Figure suitable to the Undertaking for in the compass of three Years he made him Master of the Jewel-House a Privy Councellor Secretary Master of the Rolls Lord Privy-Seal and Baron Cromwell July 10. 1536. Vicegerent in Spiritualibus the 18th of the same Month Knight of the Garter April 23. 1538. Earl of Essex and Lord High Chamberlain of England April 18. 1540. And his Son Gregory Baron of Okeham which Title remain'd in his Family 'till by the death of Vere Cromwell late Earl of Ardglas in Ireland without Issue Male it was extinct 1686. The King had now been a Widower two Years when Cromwell thinking to rivet himself in the King's Favour by a Queen of his making negotiated a Match for him with Anne Sister of William Duke of Cleve c. who was married to him Jan 6. 1540. But the King not liking her they were divorc'd by Act of Parliament upon her own Consent she renouncing the Title of Queen for that of the King 's adopted Sister And with this Match fell Cromwell for it brought him into the King's disfavour Nor wanted he Enemies to load him by whose procurement he was committed to the Tower July 9. 1540. and the King having No More need of him attainted in Parliament of High Treason and Heresie without so much as being call'd to answer and thereupon beheaded the 19th of the same Month. His FIFTH Wife was the Lady Catharine Howard Daughter of Edmond third Son of Thomas first Duke of Norfolk whom also he attainted in Parliament and beheaded Feb. 13. 1541. The Year following the Title of Lord of Ireland was by the respective Parliaments of both Kingdoms alter'd into that of King of Ireland And to encourage such of the Irish Nobility as came in to him he created O Brian Earl of Thoumond June 3. 1543. And Mac-William a-Burgh Earl of Clanricart July 1. following and 12th of the same Month married the Lady Catharine Parr Widow of the Lord Latimer who had the luck to survive him and was afterwards married to the Lord Admiral Seimour Nor had he after that Year the opportunity of doing much saving that he landed an Army in Scotland under the Conduct of the Lord Admiral Dudley who burnt Lieth to the ground forc'd Edinburgh and having fir'd it as also Thirty other Towns and Villages came back for England by Berwick 1544. And to close the last Scene of his Life he made a Royal Voyage into France and besieg'd Boloigne which by the Personal Courage and Conduct of the said Lord Admiral was surrender'd and the King rode triumphantly into it Sept. 8. the same Year and made him Governour thereof For the recovery of this the French made several attempts but all unsuccessful Whereupon it was at last concluded between the two Kings That if the King of France paid the King of England 800000 Crowns in eight Years he should have Boloigne restor'd to him and that in the mean time it should remain in the King of England's hands as a Security for the Money June 7. 1547. After which falling into a Dropsie he died Jan. 28. following being the Fifty fifth Year of his Age and Thirty seventh of his Reign He had the Soul of a Prince Magnificent and Liberal and whatever may be said of King-Craft understood what it was to be a King Nor were the Popes Julius II. and Leo X. less sensible of it which made them so forward to have engag'd him to their Interest For the former having by a Decree of the Council of Lateran depriv'd the King of France of the Title of Christianissimus transferr'd it to him but died before the Bull was sent over 1514. and the latter granted to him Poster is suis the Title of Defensor Fidei 1521. His Wives as hath been said were SIX but he had Issue only by the Three first viz. By Queen Catharine 1. Henry Tudor born Jan. 1. 1509. and died Feb. 22. following 2. Another not Named born 1514. but liv'd not long 3. Mary Tudor born Feb. 18. 1518. and afterwards came to be Queen of England By Queen Anne Bullen 1. Elizabeth Tudor born Septemb. 10. 1533. who succeeded her Half Sister Mary in the Crown 2. A Male-Child still-born Feb. 29. 1535. By Queen Jane Edward born as before made Prince of Wales Duke of Cornwal and Earl of Chester Octob. 18. 1537. His Natural Issue Henry surnam'd Fitz Roy begotten on the Lady Elizabeth Talbois Daughter of Sir John Blount Kt. and Widow of Sir Gilbert Talbois created Earl of Nottingham June 18. 1525. and the same day Duke of Richmond and Somerset Died without Issue his Father living 1536. XXI To his Father succeeded his only Son Prince Edward VI. a Protestant to whom being yet but Nine Years of Age his Mother's Brother Sir Edward Seimour created Viscount Beauchamp 1536. Earl of Hertford 1538. was appointed Governour proclaimed Lord Protector Feb. 1. 1547. and made Duke of Somerset the 17th of the same Month At which time also his younger Brother Sir Thomas Seimour was made Lord Sudley and High Admiral of England the late Lord Admiral Dudley Earl of Warwick the Lord Chancellor Wriothsley Earl of Southampton and the King Crown'd the 25th following Whereupon the REFORMATION began but the Lord Chancellor seeming averse to it was remov'd from the Privy-Council discharg'd of all his Offices and Sir William Pawlett Lord St. John made Chancellor in his room In which Year the Parliament having given the King Free-Chappels c. he set out the Free-Chappel of St. Stephen founded by King Stephen for a place of Sitting for the House of Commons which before that time had been in the Chapter House of the
which in contempt of one of its Members was call'd Praise God Barebone's Parliament and they held it 'till December the same Year 4. From that time it was in the hands of Cromwel with the Title of Lord Protector 'till September 1658. 5. After him his Son Richard had it as Successor to his Father 'till he was turn'd out by the Army in April 1659. and then for a Fortnight together it lay no-where 6. The May following the Rump got it again and held it 'till they were turn'd out by Lambert the same Year And here also for some time together it lay no-where 'till 7. The Council of Officers erected A Committee of Safety with like Supremacy and they held it 'till General Monck having declar'd for restoring the Rump Lambert march'd against him but being deserted by his Army Fleetwood writes to the Speaker Lenthal to desire him and the rest of the Members to return to the Exercise of their Trust And the General on the other hand having put his into such hands as favour'd his Design march'd towards London 8. On this the Rump resumes the Government Decemb. 26. and by a Letter of Thanks to Monck acknowledge the Restitution to their Authority was to be acknowledged to his Fidelity Case and Courage And yet he had not been long in Town ere they began to grow jealous of him and therefore for fear he might joyn with the City who had now declar'd they would pay no more Taxes 'till the Parliament were fill'd up they sent him into the City to break down their Gate c. which he accordingly did return'd his Army to their Quarters about Westminster and receiv'd the Thanks of the House Yet this did not so satisfie the Jealousie of a Commonwealth but that they press'd the Oath of Abjaration of the Royal Family to him which he took time to consider of But the next Morning march'd his Army into the City and joyn'd with them for having the House fill'd up 9. On this the Members that had been secluded the House in 1648. were restor'd Feb. 21. 1659. and they having constituted General Monck Captain General of all the Forces in the Three Kingdoms annull'd the former Council of State and appointed another and abrogated the Engagement and Oath of Abjuration dissolv'd themselves March 17. But before their rising sent out Writs for New Elections to meet April 25. 1660. In the mean time the Rumpers ply the General with their last effort and proffer him the Supreme Command of the Kingdoms as a single Person Which he answered to this purpose That for that matter it was submitted to the coming-Parliament nor should it be said of him That â—e bad run foul of that Rock on which Cromwel â—ad so lately split himself The Day being come the Lords as well as â—he Commons met in their respective Houses when having each of them received a Letter from his Majesty with a Declaration inclos'd the Lords resolv'd by Vote That they declare That according to the ancient and fundamental Constitution of this Kingdom the Government is and ought to be by King Lords and Commons To which the Commons agreed and each of them dispatch'd their several Answers â—o the said Letters superscribed To the King 's most Excellent Majesty And having caus'd Him to be solemnly proclaim'd May 8. they sent six Lords and twelve of the Commons to attend his Majesty and desire his return to the Exercise of his Kingly Office Which â—he accordingly did and landed at Dover the 25th and rode through London to Whitebal the 29th being his Birth Day and Thirtieth Year of his Age. Thus by the Conduct of one Man with a raw Army of not above Six Thousand was the Monarchy delivered from a Twelve Years Usurpation defended by at least Sixty Thousand Veterans strengthened with most of the Alliances of Europe and which adds to â—it without Blood a Stratagem perhaps not yet extant in History He was the Great Grandson of Sir Thomas Monck of Potheridge in the County of Devon by Frances one of the Daughters and Coheirs of Arthur Plantegenet Viscount Lisle of whom before in memory of which the King created him Duke of Albemarle Earl of Torrington Baron Monck of Potheridge Beauchamp and Teyes And so being come to our own Times is may seem needless to add further saving that the King was Crown'd April 23. 1661. and died of an Apoplexy Feb. 6. 1684. His only Wife and Relict was Catharine Daughter of John IV. King of Portugal now living by whom he had no Issue XXVII To King Charles II. succeeded his Brother James Duke of York c. who upon his first coming to the Crown profess'd Himself a Catholick with this Displeasure nevertheless That he could not alter the Religion as it was by Law establish'd He together with his Queen were Crown'd April 23. 1685. Nor was that scarce over when Two Rebellions the one in Scotland the other in the West of England broke out upon him and were defeated In the Year 1688. he publish'd A Declaration for Liberty of Conscience so far as it disturb'd not the Peace of the Kingdom Which so heated the People who yet had all along CONTENDED for it that having sent his Queen and young SON into France he follow'd Them not long after His first Wife was Anne Daughter of Sir Edward Hide Earl of Clarendon c. Lord Chancellor of England who died before he came to the Crown by whom he had Four Sons 1. Charles Stuart Duke of Cambridge born Octob. 22. 1660. died May 5. 1661. 2. James Stuart Duke of Cambridge born July 12. 1663. died June 20. 1667. 3. Charles Stuart Duke of Kendal born July 4. 1666. died May 22. 1667. 4. Edgar Duke of Cambridge born Sept 14. 1667. died June 8. 1671. And as many Daughters 1. Marie born April 30. 1662. married to William Henry Prince of Orange who were both Crown'd King and Queen April 11. 1689. The Executive Power in Him 2. Anne born Feb. 6. 1664. married to Prince George of Denmark August 7. 1683. 3. Henrietta born January 13. 1668. died Nov. 15. 1669. 4. Catharine born Feb. 9. 1670. died Decemb 5. 1671. His Second Wife Mary d'Este Daughter of Alphonso d'Este III. Duke of Modena Crown'd as before and had Issue by her Two Daughters 1. Catharine born Novemb. 7. 1674. died Octob. 3. 1675. 2. Isabel born Aug. 28. 1676. liv'd not long AND 1. Charles Duke of Cambridge born Nov. 7. 1667. died Decemb. 12. following c. Of the Augmentations of the Family of ENGLAND § VIII ITS First was when William the Conquerour joyn'd Normandy to the Crown of England 1066. Henry II. Conquer'd Ireland and in like manner united it 1172. Edward I. Wales 1283. Edward II. in Right of his Wife Isabel Daughter of Philip the Fair King of France brought in Aquitain and Ponticu And in the same Right Edward III. took upon him the Title of King of France and was the first of the English Kings that
his Astronomical Observations He had great Wars with the Swede till the Year 1570. In 1574. he began to build Cromenburg and two Years after open'd an University at Sora. He likewise highly adorned and advanc'd the Order of the Elephant His Queen was the Princess Sophia of Meckeburg By whom he had these following Sons and Daughters 1. Elizabeth born 1573. Married to Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick 1590. Deceased 1627. 2. Anne born 1574. given in Marriage to James King of Scotland and afterwards of Great Britain on the 20th of Aug. 1590. Deceased March the 2d 1618. 3. Augusta born 1580. Married to Adolph Duke of Holstein Gottorp Deceased 1629. 4. Hedewig born 1581. and Married Christianus the Second Elector of Saxony she departed this Life 1602. The Sons were 1. Christian the Fourth born 1577. 2. Ulrick Bishop of Sleswick Deceased 1624. And 3. John born 1583. who went into Muscovy where in hopes of succeeding to that Crown he Married the Princess Alexia but being seiz'd by an Apoplexy dyed without Issue An. 1602. Christian the Fourth was elected King at the Age of Thirteen his Father being yet living who having his thoughts on War tho' in time of Peace gave Orders for the raising several Fine Fortifications namely Christianstadt in Schonen Christiania in Norway Christianople in Bleking Gluckstadt upon the Elbe and Christian-Presk in Holstein He was engaged in several great Wars as first with the Swede then with Count Schaumburg a second time with the Swede in 1611. followed by a Peace in 1613. Then with the Emperour in 1625. on behalf of the Circle of the Lower-Saxony by whose Forces he was defeated in a Battel fought not far from Lutheram Bohrenburg then again with the Swede in 1643 at which time he had various Success till at length a Peace was concluded with 'em at the Town of Bremsbroe in the Year 1648. In 1618. he set out a Fleet for the Isle of Zeilan in the East-Indies the first that ever sailed from Denmark for those Parts which returned Freighted with Spice The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Anne Catharine Daughter of Joachim Frederick Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue 1. Christian born 1603. elected to succeed him but dyed in the Prime of his Age An. 1647. 2. Frederick of whom more in the next Sect. And 3. Ulrick born 1611. deceased in Silesia of a Wound receiv'd by a Musquet-shot An. 1631. Besides these he had many natural Children namely John Ulrick of Guldenlow by a certain Lady named Catharina Andraea As also Christian Woldemar Earl of Hilstein Deceased at Lublin in the Swedish Service against the Poles An. 1656. Frederica Sophia Married to Christian Earl of Penzen Councellor of State Frederica Eleanora Married to Cornifitz Count d' Ulfeldt the King 's chief Taster deceased 1684. Frederica Elizabeth given in Marriage to John de Lindenau Councellor of State Christina to Hannibal a Geestadt Governour of Norway Frederica Hedewig espous'd to Ebbo d' Uhlefeldt And Dorothy who changed her Religion and took the Habit of a Nun Which Seven were born him by Madam Catharine Munkin Last of all by Madam de Wibiken he was Father of Ulrick Christianus de Guldenlow deceased 1661. And Elizabeth Married to Nicholas Count d' Ahlefeldt 9. VI. Frederick the Third Bishop of Bremen being beaten out of his Bishoprick by the Swede was after his Father and Brother Christian's Decease elected King of Denmark and Norway in the Year 1648. He discover'd Count Uhlefeldt's Conspiracy And had War with the English as also with the Swede till a Peace was made at Roschild 1654. But the War breaking out a fresh the next Year Copenhagen was besieged by the Swedes and Tuyen recovered by the Danes When a Peace was again concluded in 1666. In his Reign the constitution of the Government was altered and of an elective Monarchy made Hereditary His Queen was Sophia Amalia Daughter of George Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he had Issue as followeth 1. Christian the Fifth the present King of Denmark 2. Anna Sophia born 1647. and married in 1666. to John George the Third Elector of Saxony 3. Frederica Amalia born 1648. and married in 1667. to Christian Albert Duke of Sleswick 4. Wilhelmina Ernestina born 1650. the now Relict of Charles late Elector Palatine 5. George who crossing the Seas went for England where he married the Princess Anne Daughter of James Duke of York since King of England on the 28th of July 1683. by whom he has had many Children but all Daughters and short lived However in Aug. last this present Year 1689. she was at length brought to Bed of a Prince the Joy and Hopes of the English Nation 6. Ulrica Eleanora born 1656 and married to Charles the Eleventh the present King of Sweden May the 16th 1680. Besides these he left a natural Son Ulrick Frederick Count de Guldenlow the now Governour of Norway who by a certain noble Lady is Father of Woldemar Baron of Lowenthal a Colonel in the Danish Forces Afterwards he took to Wife Antonia Augusta Daughter of Anthony Count Oldenburg in the Year 1677. by whom he has many Children and amongst the rest Frederick Christianus As for the Good King he departed this life Feb. the 9th 1670. § VII And now for Christian the present King his Son and Sucessor born 1645. who in short has had sharp Wars with Sweden Has Imprisoned his Chancellor Greiffenfield for life Sat down before Hamburgh but was forced to raise his Siege Has restored the Danobrogick Order of Knighthood Has surrendred the Dutchy of Sleswick to the Duke of Holstein and is married to Charlotte Daughter of William Landtgrave of Hesse by whom he has Issue a fair Race of Princes viz. 1. Frederick born Oct. the 21st 1671. 2. Christianus Oct. the 18th 1675. 3. Sophia Hedewig Aug. the 28th 1677. 4. Christiana Charlotte Jan. the 18th 1679. 5. Charles Oct. the 25th 1680. And 6. William 1687. Of the Augmentation of the Regal Family § VIII AFter it had been enacted in the Reign of Queen Margaret that for the future Denmark Sweden and Norway should be Governed by the same Prince Christianus the First Earl of Oldenburg became possessed of these Three Kingdoms by Right of Election that is to say first of Denmark to which appertained Jutlandt Zelandt Tuyen Schonen Halland Bleking Temeren Bornholm Alsen Lang-Landt Lalandt Hyen c. secondly â—f Norway and its Dependencies to which â—â—so belonged the Isles of Orkney and Iseland â—â—irdly of Sweden together with both the Sothlands Lapland Finland and other its appurtenances In the Year 1459. Christianus he First bought the Earldom or County of Holstein for three and thirty Thousand Florins 〈◊〉 1474. the County of Holstein was erected into a Dutchy of the sacred Roman Empire Upon the Death of Adolph Duke of Sleswick that Dutchy as held in Fee fell to the Crown Christian the Third bought the Isle of Oesel and Lordship of Auron in Livonia where
likewise he had the City of Ravel delivered up â—o him by Maurice Wrangel Bishop thereof â—n the Year 1676. Anthony Gunther the last Earl of Oldenburg dying without Issue the present King by right of Inheritance became possessed of the Counties of Oldenburg and Delâ—enborst as also the Lordship of Kniphuse In the Year 1682. there was an accession to this Lrown of the Lordship of Jevern by the Grant of the French King Last of all Christian Adolph Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg was necessitated to part with his Soveraignty to the present King Of its Decrease § IX THe first and indeed the greatest diminution suffered by the Royal Family of Denmark was in the Year 1469. at which time the Princess Margaret was given in Marriage to James the Third King of Scotland together with the Isles of Orkney and Hetland as security for her Portion which was fifty thousand Florins of the Rhine In 1524 the Kingdom of Sweden was torn from it In 1544. at a division then made of Lands in the Dutchy of Holstein 'twixt King Christian the Third and his Brother Adolph the King parted with the Governments of Trictou Oldenburg and Neustadt together with the Monastries of Cismar and Rheinbeck as also the whole Dutchy of Sleswick tho' this last was to be held by Adolph and his Posterity only as a Fife of the Crown In 1564. at another division of Lands then made 'twixt King Frederick the Second and his Brother John the latter obtain'd the Isles of Alsen and Arroe as also the Praefectures or Governments of Ploen Rheinfeld and Arensburg with their Dependencies About the Year 1585. the then King of Denmark lost Oesel as also what-ever else he held in Liffland In 1658. Halland the Isle of Bornholm Schonen and Bleking were set over to the Swede by the fifth Article of the Peace of Roschild As was also the Government of Babuys in Norway with the City and Castle thereof together with the Government of Drontheam and whatever else the Danes had been hitherto possessed of in the Isle of Rugen tho' afterwards by the Articles of Peace concluded on in the Year 1660. Drontheam and Bornhelm were again surrendred to the Danes In 1689. Christian the present King of Denmark restored the Dutchy of Sleswick to Christian Albert the present Duke together with the absolute and independent Sovereignty thereof The same Year in the Month of Aug. the Lordship of Jevern by an amicable agreement was surrendred to the Prince of Anhalt-Servesten Of the Pretensions of this House § X. THe Claims of the Kings of Denmark are to the City of Hamburg as built and enlarged by the ancient Earls of Holstein of the Family of Schaumburg See Harman de Lesbeke Monk of Minden his Chron. Com. Schavenb inter opuscula rerum German Celeberr Henrici Meimbomii And to the Isles of Orkney as Mortgaged to the ancient Kings of Scotland Of the Ducal Line of Holstein § XI IT has been already said in the fifth Section Numb 2. That John Brother of Frederick the Second King of Denmark and Son to King Christian the Third was the first Progenitor of the present Ducal Line of Holstein who being twice Married became the Father of a very numerous Issue which spread it self into the four branches of Sunderburg Nordburg Glucksburg and Pleen Of the Branch of Sunderburg § XII THis Branch began in Alexander born 1573. who in the division of Lands with his Brethren had Sunderburg part of the Isle of Alsen and part of the Peninsula of Sunderwick for his Patrimony Of this Prince's Posterity we shall speak in the first place As for himself he departed this Life in 1627. having had Ten Children by his Wife the Lady Dorothy of Schwartzburg the Sons being 1. John Christian Duke of Holstein in Sunderburg who deceased in the Year 1653 leaving Issue by his Wife the Lady Anne of Oldenburg a Son named 1. Christian Adolph Duke of Holstein c. who now lives at Frantzhagen in Sax-Lawenburg which was his Wife's Portion together with his Son Prince Leopold Christian born 1678. 2. Ernestus Guntherus who lives at Augsburg with his Wife Augusta Daughter to his Uncle Philip Duke of Glucksburg by whom he has had Issue Frederick who now serves in the King of Denmark's Army Ernestus Philip slain at the Siege of Stetin Frederick William Provost of the Cathedral Church at Hamburg Lovise Charlotte married to Lewis Frederick Prince of Holstein in Beck And Ernestus Guntheras who turned his Religion and was made Canon of Colegne 3. Alexander Henry This Prince turn'd Catholick and died in the Year 1667. leaving Issue by his Wife a certain Reform'd Minister's Daughter Three Sons named Ferdinand Leopold Provost of the Cathedral at Breslaw Alexander Rudolph Canon of Bleslaw and Amuzen And George Ernestus Lieutenant General in one of the Imperial Armies 4. Augustus Philip who purchased the Castie of Beck where he died An. 1675 leaving Issue Sophia Lovise married to Frederick Count de Bukeburg Augustus Captain of the Guards to his Electoral Highness the Duke of Brandenburg who married Lovise Daughter of Philip Count de Lippe in Bukeburg and died of a Dysentery at the Siege of Bon An. 1689. Lewis Frederick likewise Captain of the Brandenburg Guards married Jan. the 11th 1685. to Lovise Charlotte his Uncle Ernest Gunther's Daughter Maximilian Anthony Gunther and Ernestus Camire 5. Philip Lewis born 1620. who bought the Castle of Wisenburg in Misnia but lives at present in the Castle of Oberkozau in Voightlandt where he begot three Sons whose names are 1. Frederick Lieutenant-General amongst the Imperialists who took to Wife Charlotte Dutchess of Lignitz by whom he has Issue Leopold born Jan. the 12th 1674. 2. Charles Lewis Captain of the Guards to the Landtgrave of Hesse And 3. William Christian born 1661. a Captain in the Elector of Saxony's Forces Of the Branch of Nordburg § XIII THe second Son of John Duke of Holstein was Frederick Propagator of the Branch of Nordburg who changed this Life for a better An. 1658. his Children being 1. John Bugislaus born 1629. deceased a Batchellor 1680. 2. Christian Augustus who twice Travelled over Palaestine and highly approv'd himself in the Wars by his good Services to the Dutch and English 3. Rudolph Frederick Colonel in the Dutch Forces who married the Countess Bibiana Daughter of Sigismund Sifrid Count de Promnitz the Baron de Lippe's Relict deceased 1685. having born him a Son and a Daughter namely Sophia Henrietta born 1682. and Ernestus Leopold 1684 both which are brought up in the Court of Wolfembuttel He himself died in November 1688. 4. Elizabeth Juliana born May the 24th 1634. and married to Anthony Ulrick Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg 1656. 5. Dorothy Hedewig formerly Lady Abbess of Gandersheim but turn'd Catholick and married Christopher Count de Ranzan And 6. Lovise Amaena married to John Frederick Count de Hohenlob in the Year 1665. Of the Branch of Glucksburg § XIV THe Third Son of Duke
John of Holstein was Philip Propagator of the Branch of Glucksburg whose Wife Sophia Hedewig of Sax-Lawenburg bore him Eleven Children whereof Five were short-liv'd the rest being 1. Christian born 1627. who lives in the Castle of Glucksburg with his Three Sons Philip Ernestus born 1673. Joachim Adolph 1679. And Christian Augustus 1681. 2. Mary Elizabeth born 1628. married to George Albert Marquess of Brandenburg-Culmbach 1651. deceased 1604. 3. Sophia Hedewig married to Maurice Duke of Saxon-Zeitz She died 1652. 4. Augusta espoused by her Cousin-Germain Ernestus Gunther of Augsburg 1651. 5. Christina born 1634. and married to Christian Duke of Sax Mersburg 1650. And 6. Dorothy married first to Christian Lewis Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg and after his decease to Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg An. 1668. She died 1689. Of the Branch of Ploen § XV. IT remains we now speak of the Branch of Ploen which was propagated by Joachim Ernestus Duke John's Fourth Son who died in the Eightieth Year of his Age An. 1671. The Issue of his Body now living are 1. John Adolph born 1634. the Husband of Dorothy Sophia Daughter of Rudolph Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by whom he has had Three Sons namely Adolph Augustus born 1680. Joachim Ernestus 1681. deceased the same Year And John Ulrick 1684. 2. Augustus born 1636. sometime Administrator of Magduburg Father of Two Sons by his Wife the Princess Charlotte Elizabeth of Anhalt whose names are Joachim Frederick born 1668. and Christian Charles born 1674. 3 Joachim Ernestus born 1637. General of the Foreign Horse in the Service of the Spanish Netherlands Of the Ducal Line of Sleswick § XVI 'T Is now time to treat of the Ducal Line of Sleswick the Author whereof was Adolph youngest Son of King Frederick the First born 1526. who by the assistance of his Nephew King Frederick the Second overthrew the Rebels of Dietmarsh and made them subject to his Government and thro' the whole course of his Life highly approved his Courage on many other occasions Moreover he was Consecrated Bishop of Slewick and Hildesheim At his Death he was succeeded in his Dutchy by his Son John Adolph who had been Arch-Bishop of Bremen and Bishop of Lubeck ever since the Year 1585. which Provinces however he made over to his Brother John Frederick upon his coming to be Duke In 1603. he had Homage done him by the Hamburgers as Duke of Horstein His Sons were 1. Adolph Slain at the Battel of Leipsick 1631. 2. John Consecrated Bishop of Lubeck deceased 1655. leaving only one Son named John Augustus who being weak in his Intellects lives under the Wardship of his Cousin-Germain the present Bishop of Lubeck And 3. Frederick eldest of the Three tho' last named who succeeded his Father Anno 1616. This Prince very much inlarged the publick Library and built the City Frederickstadt Moreover he sent an Embassie to the Courts of Muscovy and Persia and in 1658. took off the Feudatory Obligation which till then lay on the Dutchy of Sleswick to the Crown of Denmark He departed this Life in the Year 1659. having had to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John George the first Elector of Saxony who died 1684. and by her this following Issue 1. Magdalen Sibilla born 1631. and married to Gustavus Adolphus Duke of Meckleburg Gustrow 2. Hedewig Eleanor born 1636. the now Relict of Charles Gustavus late King of Sweden 3. Anne Dorothy born 1640. as yet unmarried 4. Augusta Maria given in Marriage to Frederick Magnus Marquess of Baden Durlach An. 1670. 5. Christian Albert the present Duke born Feb. the 3d. 1641. who succeeded his Father and in 1665. opened an University at Kiel In 1676. he lost the whole Dutchy of Sleswick but the difference being some Years after amicably made up 'twixt him and the King of Denmark 't was again restored him by His Majesty An. 1689. His Dutchess is Fredâ—rica Amalia Sister to the present K. of Dermark by whom he has Issue Sophia Amalia 1670. Frederick 1671. Christian Augustus 1673 And Mary Elizabeth 1678. 6. Augustus Frederick the present Bishop of Laiveck who has taken to Wife Christina Daughter of Augustus late Duke of Saxony and Administrator of Magdeburg but in all appearance like to have no Issue by her CHAP. V. Of the House of Sweden § I. ABout the beginning of the last Century the Nobility of Sweden grown weary of the Tyranny of Christian the Second King of Denmark elected Gustavus Son of Erick of Wasa à Grypsholm first Governour then Duke and last of all in the Year 1523. King of Sweden Gothland and the Vandals at which time he had a sharp War with the Danes as also with the Russe tho' afterwards he had Peace with the first He had also a dispute with the City Lubeck in Saxony and departed this Life in the Year 1660. His Queens were Mary Daughter of Erick Abraham of Laholm and Catharine Daughter of Gustavus Governour of West-Gothland by which Ladies he had Issue Three Sons Erick John and Charles Erick the Fourteenth of the Name succeeding his Father in the Throne was Crown'd in the Year 1561. and had Wars with the Panes and Pole He committed his Brother John to Custody and marrying Catharine a Woman of a base Birth and his Concubine before caused her to he Crown'd Queen at Stockholm An. 1568. upon which falling into the contempt and hatred of his Brethren he was the Year following seized and Imprisoned together with his new Concubine Queen in the very Castle of Stockholm Hereupon the Government descended to John the Third second Son of Gustavus by his Wife Mary of Laholm This Prince in 1570. concluded the Peace of Stetin with the Danes as also with the City Lubeck but continued the War with the Czar His Son Sigismund by Catharine Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland was Crown'd King of Poland Dec. 17. 1587. Himself died 1592. having first secured the Succession of Sweden to his Son Sigismund who was accordingly Crown'd Feb. 19. 1594. tho' the Swedish Nobility renounc'd their Allegiance five Years after viz 1699. and deprived him of the Kingly Dignity substituting in his place his Uncle Charles the Ninth Third Son of the above named Gustavus and Brother by the same Mother to the late King John the Third under whom a War immediately broke out with the Poles for Liffland which afterwards gave rise to another bloody One with the Danes There was surviving at this time another Son of John the Third's by his Wife Gunilla Daughter of John Bielk whose name was also John He was created Duke of Finland and East-Gothland and died without Issue 1618. notwithstanding he had married Mary Elizabeth Daughter to his Uncle Charles the Ninth § II. Upon which Charles and his Posterity of both Sexes the Crown was settled Sigismund and his Race being excluded for ever He was Crown'd in the Year 1607. having been Governour of the Common-wealth now more than seven Years His
Death bears date 1611. in the sixty first Year of his Age. The first Wife he married was Anne Mary Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine by whom he had a Daughter named Catharine living at his Death married to John Casimire Count Palatine of Deux-Ponts and by that match Grandmother of the present King His second Wife's name was Christina Daughter of Adolph Duke of Holstein who bore him Two Sons and as many Daughters viz. 1. Christina deceased in her Infancy 2. Gustavus Adolphus of whom more in the next Sect. 3. Mary Elizabeth married to John Duke of Finland And 4. Charles Philip Duke of Sudermanland deceased 1622. § III. Gustavus Adolphus who succeeded his Father was born in the Year 1594. and Crowned King of Sweden 1617. Two years after his Father's Death he made Peace with the Danes An 1613. and with the Muscovites the same Year he was Crown'd He continued the War with the Poles and reduced all Liffland in the Year 1625. making Prussia Regal the seat of War In 1630. he made an Expedition into Germany for suppressing the Enemies of the Reformed Religion where he was slain at the Battel of Lutzen Nov. 16. 1632. leaving Issue by Mary Eleanor Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg only a Daughter the Princess Christina who under the Regency of her Mother carried on the War in Germany by her General Charles Gustavus of Deux-Ponts her Father's Sister 's Son In the mean time the Danish War broke out a fresh till a Peace was again concluded with 'em in the Year 1645. As also with the Emperour and his Confederates In 1648. she changed her Religion and turned Catholick and taking her way thro' France went for Rome where she continued till the day of her Death which was in the Year 1689. on April 9. Old Stile § IV. Hereupon the Government fell to Charles Gustavus as next of Blood being Son to Catharine Gustavus Adolphus's Sister as hath been already said He was Crown'd King of Sweden June 16. 1654. and immediately ingaged in a War with the Pole wherein by the assistance of his Ally Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg he made himself Master of almost all Poland and Prussia In the mean time the Muscovites make an Incursion into Liffland and the Danes invade Bremen both which he opposed with good success He departed this Life Feb. 13. 1660. leaving by Hedewig Eleanor Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick Charles the Eleventh the present King at the Age of five Years to succeed him Who being educated under the Government of his Mother and the Nohility by the Mediation of the French King concluded the Peace of St. Olives in the first Year of his Reign 1660. with the Emperor the King of Poland and his Serene Highness the Elector of Brandenburg Afterwards making an Alliance with the French he had a fresh War with the Danes as also the Elector of Brandenburg and his Allies especially with the Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg till Peace was once more restored by the Treaty of Nimeguen In 1680. he settled the Monarchy and revoked all Grants of the Crown Demeans made to this or that Family by any of his Ancestors and the same Year married Ulrica Eleanora Princess of Denmark by whom he has Issue 1. Hedewig Sophia born June 26. 1681. 2. Charles Prince Royal born June 17. 1682. 3. Ulrick Eleanor Jan. 21. 1688. as for Gustavus Ulrick and Charles Gustavus they were both short liv'd § V. It remains we say something of Sigismund the Third King of Poland who left Two Sons 1. Uladislaus the Fourth his Successor in that Kingdom who brought the Muscovites to such terms as made 'em Surrender to the Poles whatever they had taken from them till that time nevertheless died without Issue May 20. 1648. And 2. John Casimire Jesuit and Cardinal who upon his Brother's decease was by a dispensation from the Pope Elected and Crowned King on the 17th of January in the same Year yet afterwards abdidicated the Government and resumed his Monastick Habit being the last of the Swedish Race in Poland Of the Augmentation of This Family § VI. IT has been already observ'd how Gustavus of Wasa was the first of the present Royal Family of Sweden He was Crowned in 1523. and at the same time had Sweden properly so called put into his Possession together with Nord-Land Gothland Finland and whatever else appertained at that time to the Kingdom of Sweden In 1578. the Soldiers of Liffland put themselves with their Families and Effects under the Protection of Erick King of Sweden which was afterwards confirmed by the Peace concluded at the Monastry of St. Olives in Dantzick by which Peace all Livonia beyond the Dwina was adjudged to the Swede for ever Article the 4th Sect. 1. In 1618. Gustavus Adolphus by the Peace then made with the Muscovite gained the Russian Carelia and Ingermanlands In 1648. the hither Pomerania with the Isle of Rugen c. were yielded up to the Swedes as were also the City of Weismar Dutchy of Bremen and Principality of Ferden by the Instrument of the Peace of Osenburg Art 10. By the Peace of Roschild concluded with the Danes 1658. there was an Accession to this Crown of Halland Schenen and Bleking together with the Government and Citadel of Babuys all which was ratified by the Treaty of Nimeguen Of its Decrease § VII THere is scarce any Instance to be given in this Family of any diminution suffered by It unless the Inhabitants of Ingermanland's leaving their Native Country and retiring into Muscovy with their Families and Effects be looked upon as One and therefore can have no Claims were it not that the present King of Sweden has a just pretension to the Dutchy of Deux-Ponts taken from his Family by the French King CHAP. VI. Of the House of Portugal § I. HOw Portugal then called Lusitania together with all Spain became first subject to the Roman Government how the Goths beat out the Romans and established themselves there how afterwards about the Year 714. the Moors and Saracens after a total defeat given Roderick the last King of the Goths made themselves Masters in a manner of the whole Country the brevity of our design will not permit us to discourse at large If any are desirous to be acquainted with the particulars of these Transactions let 'em consult the famous Pufendorf and those other Authors mentioned by Beckman in the first Chapter and first Section of his Civil History 'T is sufficient for us to know that towards the latter end of the Eleventh Century Alphonso the Sixth King of Castile had very frequent and bloody Wars with the Moors in which a certain Prince named Henry descended as some say from the House of Burgundy as others from that of Lorain was chiefly signalized for his Valour and good Services to the Crown King Alphonso in reward of his Merit gave him Portugal then lately recovered from the Moors under the Title of
an Earldom together with his natural Daughter Theresia to Wife nevertheless with this condition that he should continue a Vassal to Castile This Prince's Son was Alphonso the First who throwing off the Spanish Yoak and having subdued several petty Kings of the Moors caused himself to be Proclaimed King of Portugal about the Year 1139. And departed this Life 1185. leaving for his Successor Sanctius the First Father of Alphonso the Second who died in the Year 1223. and was succeeded by Sanctius the Second who dying without Issue in the Year 1246. the Crown fell to his Brother Alphonso the Third This Alphonso had Algarve given him in Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile and was Father of Denys of whose eminent Vertues and great Actions the Pertuguese to this day relate Wonders It was he that Founded the University of Coimbra and died in the Year 1325. His Son was Alphonso the Fourth who begat Peter or Pedro Father of Ferdinand King of Portugal who after many bloody Engagements with the Moors ended his days without Issue in the Year 1333. § II. Hereupon followed an Interregnum of almost two Years continuance when by the unanimous consent of all the Nobility John the Bastard natural Son of Peter mentioned in the precedent Section was Proclaim'd King and had Issue 1. Henry born 1401. 2. Peter Duke of Coimbra put to death by his Nephew King Alphonso the Fifth in the Year 1449. 3. Ferdinand taken Prisoner by those of Barbary and carried into Africk where he died 1443. 4. Henry who first discovered the Madera Island in 1420. and died 1460. 5. Alphonso the Bastard Duke of Braganza a natural Son deceased 1461. Edward the Eldest who succeeded in the Throne married Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand King of Castile and died of the Plague in the Year 1438. leaving Issue Two Sons 1. Alphonso the Fifth born 1432. And 2. Ferdinand Infant of Portugal and Duke of Visco deceased 1470. Alphonso the Fifth at his Father's death ascended the Throne and had sharp and frequent Wars with the Moors as also with Ferdinand the Catholick King of Castile His Death bears date 1481. at which time he was succeeded by his Son 1. John the Second who notwithstanding he had taken his Cousin-Germain the Lady Eleanor Daughter of Ferdinand Duke of Visco to be his Queen yet had he no Issue that out-liv'd him his only Son Alphonso coming to an accidental Death in the Year 1491. whereas himself Surviv'd till 1495. Look we back therefore to Ferdinand Duke of Visco and his Posterity whose Male Issue were 1. James Duke of Visco put to death in the Year 1484. by his Cousin-Germain King John the Second 2. Emanuel 1469. § III. This Emanuel after the Death of King John the Second was Crowned King of Portugal in the Year 1495. He expelled the Moors out of his Countries and obliged the Jews to profess the Christian Faith He subdued great part of the East-Indies and planted Brasil with Colonies from Portugal His first Queen was Isabel Daughter to his Catholick Majesty Ferdinand King of Spain His second Mary Isabella's Sister And his last Eleanor Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain married afterwards to Francis the First King of France By the first Lady he had Issue only one Son Prince Michael who had he liv'd wou'd have Heired all the Spanish Territories But by the second and third Venture 1. John the Third the no less happy Successor of a Fortunate Father born 1502. married to Catharine Daughter of Philip the First King of Spain by whom he had Issue John Infant of Portugal deceased before his Father who died not till the Year 1557. At which time there was surviving of the Body of John Infant of Portugal by Joan his Wife Daughter of Charles the Fifth Emperour and King of Spain Prince Sebastian a Child about Three Years of Age born 1554. who succeeded his Grand-Father John the Third in the Kingdom of Portugal This unfortunate Prince some Years after making a descent upon Africk perished there with his whole Army Aug. the 4th 1578. 2. Isabella born 1503. married to Charles the Fifth Emperor and King of Spain 1526. deceased 1593. 3. Henry born 1512 promoted to a Red-Hat 1546. And afterwards upon the most unhappy death of his Nephew Sebastian to be King of Portugal but died 1580. 4. Edward Infant of Portugal born 1515. deceased 1540. whose Wife was Isabel Daughter of James Duke of Braganza by whom he had Issue Catharine married to John Duke of Braganza whose Grandson became afterwards possessed of the Crown of Portugal as will appear in the next Section 5. Lewis Infant of Portugal deceased 1555. leaving only a natural Son called Antonio who upon the death of his Uncle Henry was elected King 15 But being in the same Year beat out of his Country by Philip the Second King of Spain fled into France and ended his days at Paris An. 1595. § IV. Thus fell the Government into the hands of the Spaniards for Philip the Second partly because he was Son of Isabella Daughter of Emanuel King of Portugal and partly because he had married Mary Daughter of John the Third on these Pretences made himself Master of the Kingdom by force of Arms in the Year 1580. Nevertheless 't was again lost by his Grandson in the Year 1640. for the Portuguese actually rejecting the Spanish Yoak elected John Duke of Braganza to be their King This Prince born March 19. 1604. was descended of the Posterity of Alphonso the first Duke of Braganza who was natural Son of John the First King of Portugal as you may see by looking back to the second Section Numb 5. And his Grand-mother was Catharine Daughter of Edward Infant of Portugal mention'd by us in the precedent Section Numb 4. He governed the State of Portugal from 1640. till 1656. in which Year he departed this Life Nov. 6. His Queen was Donna Lucia Daughter of John Emanuel Perez de Gusman Duke of Medina Sidonia who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Theodosius Infant of Portugal deceased 1653. 2. Catharine born at Villa Vicosa Nov. 15. O. S. 1638. and espoused at Portsmouth by His late Majesty King Charles the Second in the Month of May 1662. 3. Alphonso the Sixth born 1643. who under the Regency of his Mother had sharp Wars with the Spaniards with whom at length he concluded a Peace in the Year 1668. In 1667. he took to Wife the Lady Mary Frances Elizabeth Daughter of Charles Amadeus de Savoy Duke of Nemours who after sixteen Months living with him procured a Divorce and retired to a Cloyster In 1668. he was deposed as judged incapable either of a second Marriage or the Government and sent the Year following to the Tercera Island where he ended his days 1683. 4. Peter born 1648. who upon his Brother Alphonso's being Deposed in 1668. was made first Regent and after his death King of Portugal By a
dispensation from his Holiness he married the Princess Mary Frances Elizabeth his Brother's Wife who departing this Life Dec. 27. 1683. he in 1687. took to Wife the Lady Mary Sophia Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine He has a Daughter by the first Venture now living viz. Mary Elizabeth born 1669. and in 1689. Contracted to John William eldest Son of Philip William Elector Palatine As for the present Queen she was brought to Bed Aug. 30. 1688. of a young Prince whose date of Life was very short for it died the third of Sept. in the same Year However there is just now arrived an Express whilst we were writing this with the happy news of the Birth of a second Prince born this present October 1689. to whom God grant long Life and happy Success His name is John Of the Augmentation of This House § V. BY what has been already said it plainly appears how Alphonso the First made Himself King of Portugal Afterwards Alphonso the Third obtained the Kingdom of Algarve by way of Dowry with his Queen the Princess Beatrix Daughter of Alphonso the Tenth King of Castile In 1415. John the Bastard possessed himself of the City of Ceuta in Africk His Son Henry discovered the Madera and subdu'd the Fortunate Islands and put his Country-men in Possession of them An. 1620. Alphonso the Fifth took Tangier Arcilla and Alcassar in Africa Emanuel by his General Albuquerque made himself Master of the Cities of Ormus Malaca Cochin and Goa in the East-Indies In Africk he subdued great part of Barbary Guinee Congo the Isle of St. Thomas Mosambique Melinda Mombaza and Zefala as also Brasil in America Moreover the Portuguese hold the City of Maoco situate in an Island not far from China as also the Azores Islands the chiefest of which is Tercera Of its Decrease § VI. THo' Portugal for some considerable time acknowledged the Spanish Government yet it was restored to it self in the Fortieth Year of this Century Since which time little or no Encroachments have been made on it by any King or State except the Hollanders whose East-India Company have by little and little wrested from the Portuguese in a manner all they were possessed of in those Parts some few Places excepted From all which it is plain that This Family has Pretensions to no other Places but those taken from it by the Dutch CHAP. VII Of the Palatine and Bavarian Family § I. HEnry the Lyon Duke of Bavaria and Saxony of whom we shall make farther mention when we come to treat of the House of Brunswick and Lunenburg being Proscribed and Outed of all his Territories by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa Otho Earl of Wittelsbach and Scyre was created Duke of Bavaria by the said Emperor in the Year 1180. This Otho begat Lewis Father of Otho the Second Otho the Second married Agnes sole Daughter and Heiress of Henry the Younger Prince Palatine of the Rhine and by reason thereof obtained of the Emperor Frederick the Second the Investiture of that Palatinate together with the Electoral Dignity An. 1227. His death bears date 1253. And his Issue were 1. Lewis the Severe born Ap. 13. 1229. of whom more in the next Section 2. Elizabeth married after the decease of the Emperor Conrade the Fourth her first Husband to Meinhard Earl of Goritia and Tyrole deceased 1270. 3. Sophia the Wife of Albert Count d' Albersberg And 4. Henry born 1235. who had the Lower Bavaria for his Patrimony and married the Daughter of Bela the Fourth King of Hungary by whom he had Issue Three Sons 1. Otho his Successor in Bavaria elected also King of Hungary in opposition to Charles Martel An. 1305. but afterwards taken Prisoner by the Veywode of Transilvania and died 1312. having first regained his liberty and leaving Issue an only Son who was named Henry and taken off by a suddain and accidental death 2. Lewis deceased without Issue 1296. And 3. Stephen Duke of the Lower Bavaria deceased 1â—11 leaving Issue 1st Otho deceased Issueless 2dly Henry who begat John which John took to Wife his Cousin Elizabeth Daughter to the Emperor Lewis of Bavaria but dying without Issue his Father-in-law the Emperor seized on the Lower Bavaria notwithstanding the Pretensions and Protestations of Adolph Elector Palatine the nearer Kinsman 3dly Beatrix married to Henry Earl of Goritia 4thly Elizabeth given in Marriage to Otho of Austria Fifth Son to the Emperor Albert the First And 5thly Agnes who was veiled a Nun. § II. We now return to Lewis the Severe Count and Elector Palatine who elected Rudolph the First Emperor but was afterwards Proscribed himself by Adolph of Nassau the succeeding Emperor yet upon making his Innocency appear was receiv'd again into favour and ended his days at Heidelberg An. 1294. This Prince had Three Wives the first of which was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Brabant beheaded by him out of Jealousie Feb. 1. 1256. The second Anne Daughter of Conrade Duke of Glogow deceased 1268. And the third Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Rudolph the First deceased Decemb. 23. 1304. His Issue by these Ladies were 1. Lewis the Second deceased before his Father An. 1290. being accidentally but mortally wounded at a Tournament 2. Rudolph born 1274. of whom more in the next Section 3. Another Lewis of whom we shall treat in the 18th Section as Author of the Bavarian Line 4. Anne married to Henry Landtgrave of Hesse And 5. Mechtilda or Maud to Otho Duke of Lunenburg Of the Palatine Line in particular § III. RUdolph succeeded his Father Lewis in the Palatinate and Electoral Dignity and was Author of the Rudolphine Line whereof mention is made in the Fourth Art of the Instrument of the Peace of Osnaburg This Prince opposed himself to the Designs of the Emperor Albert the First which created him much mischief Nor cou'd he ever agree with his Brother Lewis who reduced him in the end to such extremities as forced him to take Refuge in England where he died in Exile An. 1319. He had to his first Wife Mechtilda or Maud Daughter to the Emperor Adolph of Nassau deceased 1315. And to his second an English Princess of the same name By the first Venture he had Issue that out-liv'd him 1. Adolph the First born 1300. deceased 1327. of whom more in the next Section 2. Rudolph the Second made Elector after his Brother Adolph's decease and being reconciled to his Uncle Lewis of Bavaria the Emperour had the whole Palatinate put into his hands He departed this Life 1353. leaving Issue by his Wife Anne Daughter of Otho Duke of Carinthia only one Daughter of her Mother's name and afterwards married to the Emperor Charles the Fourth 3. Rupert the First who opened the University of Heidelberg in the Year 1346. and after his Brother Rudolph's decease succeeded in the Electoral Dignity He made an Expedition ' gainst the Impostor of Brandenburg who pretended to be Waldomar the late deceased Marquess of that
married to John Elector of Brandenburg deceased 1511. Wherefore William seeing himself destitute of Issue Male adopted Ernestus and Albertus his Brother Frederick's Sons and departed this World 1482. § II. Frederick the Second who succeeded his Father in Misnia and the Electorate suffered very much from the Hussites He would not be prevailed with to make War upon the Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg He departed this Life Sept. 7. 1464. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Erneste of Austria and by her a large Off-spring whereof Three Sons and a Daughter died Young Those that outâ—iv'd him were Two Sons and Four Daughters whom we shall-set down in the following Order viz. 1. Amalia the Wife of Lewis the Rich Duke of Bavaria born 1435. deceased Nov. 18. 1502. 2. Anne born 1436. married to Albert Achilles Elector of Brandenburg Nov. 12. 1458. deceased Oct. 31. 1512. 3. Ernestus born March 25. 1441. of whom in the next Section as Author and Progenitor of the Ernestine Line 4. Albert born July 27. 1443. of whom see more below in the Albertine Line 5. Hedewig Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg who had much ado with the Inhabitants of that Place yet Master'd 'em in the end by the assistance of her Brother Duke Albert commanding at the same time the Roland they had set up in sign of Liberty to be thrown down This Lady departed this Life Nov. 12. 1511. And 6. Margaret Lady Abbess of Seuselitz Of the Ernestine Line § III. ERnestus who succeeded his Father in the Dignity of Elector was a Wise Prince and very happy in reconciling the Differences of Princes He maintained the strictest Friendship with his Brother Albert with whom he administred all things as it were in Common He bought the Dutchy of Sagan in Silesia of the last Duke thereof for 55000 Hungarian Crowns Moreover he went to Rome where he was presented with a Rose of Gold by Pope Sixtus the Fourth And last of all changed this Life for a better in the Year 1486. His Dutchess was Elizabeth Daughter of Albert the Third Duke of Bavaria deceased 1484. having born him this following Issue viz. 1. Christina born Sept. 28. 1462. married to John King of Sweden and Denmark 1478. deceased 1531. 2. Frederick the Third born 1463. who succeeded his Father in the Electorate and was surnamed The Wise He built the Castle at Wittenberg where he likewise opened an University in the Year 1502. He reconciled Philip Elector Palatine to the Emperor Maximilian after whose decease he might have been elected Emperor himself but refused it He appeased the Commonalty of Erfurdt when in uproar against the Senate He stood up in Luther's defence at his first setting the Reformation on foot ordering him a Guard for his safety at Wurtzburg in his return from the Dyet at Worms An. 1521. Last of all this Religious Prince departed this Life May 5. 1525. in the 63 d. Year of his Age just after the Rising of the Boors having liv'd a Batchellor and been long troubled with the Stone 3. Albert the Second Arch-Bishop of Mentz born 1464. not long liv'd for he died May 1. 1484. 4. Erneste born 1466. elected Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg 1476. made Administrator of Halberstadt 1489. deceased in the Castle at Hall 1513. 5. John born June 29. 1469. of whom in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line 6. Wolfgang deceased an Infant And 7. Margaret married to Henry Duke of Brunswick of the Line of Zell deceased Dec. 7. 1528. § IV. John succeeded his Brother in the Electoral Dignity and gave a total defeat to the Rebellious Boors taking their Leader Thomas Muntzer Prisoner In 1529. he with some other Princes entred their solemn Protestation against the designs of the Catholicks The Year after he presented the Protestant Confession to the Emperor Charles the Fifth and caused its Apology to be written Moreover he was Author of the League of Smalkald He departed this Lise Aug. 13. 1532. having had Sophia Daughter of Magnus Duke of Meckleburg married to him An. 1500. deceased 1503. to his first Wife And Margarets Daughter of Woldemar Prince of Anhalt esponsed by him in 1513. deceased 1521. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. John Frederick born June 30. 1503. of whom a little below 2. Mary born Dec. 6. 1515. she was married to Philip Duke of Pomerania and died 1583. 3. Margaret born 1518. deceased unmarried 1537. 4. John born 1513. deceased 1519. 5. John Erneste born May 10. 1521. who had his Residence at Coburg where he died without Issue An. 1553. notwithstanding he had taken to Wife Catharine Daughter of Philip Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg Return we therefore to John Frederick his Father's Successor who had sharp Wars with Henry Duke of Brunswick whom at length he took Prisoner in the Year 1545. As also afterwards with the Emperor Charles the Fifth But by him he was beaten and suffered the same fate with Henry being taken Prisoner near the Wood of Lochin not far from Mulberg on the 24th of April 1546. whereupon he was degraded from the Electorship and kept in Prison till 1552. at which time he was set at liberty but surviv'd it only two Years The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Sibil Daughter of John the Third Duke of Cleves by whom he had this following Issue viz. 1. John Frederick the Second Duke of Saxony born Jan. 8. 1529. This Prince founded the University of Jena by his Father's Orders An. 1548. which had afterwards the Emperor's Confirmation in 1558. After this he was seized and put in Custody by command of the Emperor as one of Grumbach's Complices and for that he had protected him upon which account he had his Castle of Grimmenstein likewise demolished He departed this Life in Prison where he had been kept 28 Years on the 9th day of May 1595. The Partner of his Bed and Fortunes was Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Third Elector Palatine for Agnes of Hesse his first Wife died soon after she was Married who bore him Issue 1. Casimire who had his seat at Coburg where he died without Issue 1633. And 2. John Erneste who likewise had the same Fate with him dying Issueless 1638. His other two Sons John Frederick and Frederick died both young 2. John William born 1530. of whom more in the next Section 3. John Erneste born 1534. deceased 1553. And 4. John Frederick the younger born 1538. deceased 1565. § V. Return we therefore to John William in whose Issue alone this Line was continued He departed this Life 1573. having had to Wife Susan Dorothy Daughter of Frederick the Third Elector Palatine deceased 1592. and by her this following Issue 1. Frederick William born Ap. 25. 1562. who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brethren had Aldenburg assigned for his Patrimony The Prince administred the Electorate during the Minority of his Cousin Elector Christian the Second and departed this Life July 7. 1602. His first Dutchess
surnamed The Pious born Oct. 25. 1474. elected Grand Master of the Teutonick Order 1498. deceased Dec. 20. 1510. § X. This Henry succeeded his Brother George and was the only Propagator of the Albertine Line He made Profession of the Reformed Religion and entred into the League of Smalcald His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Magnus the Second Duke of Meckleburg who bore him this following Issue viz. 1. Maurice born May 11. 1525. who succeeded his Father and served the Emperor in Hungary against the Turks as also in Flanders against the French Afterwards he carried on a bloody War against his Cousin John Frederick the Elector who being degraded of that Dignity he was invested with the same by the Emperor Charles the Fifth An. 1548. In 1551. he made an Alliance with the French King and several of the German Princes and then undertook an Expedition against the Imperialists The Year after he was concluded in the Transaction of Passaw yet Slain in 1553. at the Battel of Siverskuse in the Dutchy of Lunenburg 'T is likewise observable he founded Three famous Schools or Colleges one at Meisen on the Elbe another at Grimma on the Multaw and the third at Porta on the Saal His Wife was Agnes Daughter of Philip Landtgrave of Hesse by whom he had only a Daughter that surviv'd him named Anne married to Prince William of Orange An. 1561. deceased 1577. 2. Severinus born 1522. deceased at Inspruck Oct. 10. 1533. 3. Augustus born July 30. 1526. who was his Brother's Successor in the Electorate and renewed the Act of Confraternity with the Houses of Brandenburg and Hesse His Authority was always very great in the Empire insomuch as all things in a manner were managed by him Moreover he laid up a very great Treasure In 1580. he caused the form of Concord to be published and departed this Life at Six a Clock in the Evening on Feb. 11. 1586 his first Wife was the Princess Anne Daughter of Christian the Third King of Denmark who died Oct. 1 1585. And his second Agnes Hedewig Daughter of Joachim Erneste Prince of Anhalt By the first Venture he had Fifteen Children Eleven whereof died Young The rest were 1. Elizabeth born 1552. married to John Casimire Count Palatine of the Rhine Fourth Son of the Elector Frederick the Third An. 1568. deceased 1590. 2. Christian the First of whom more in the next Section 3. Dorothy born 1563. married to Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick 1585. deceased 1587. 4. Anne born 1567. married to John Casimire Duke of Sax-Coburg 1585. deceased 1613. 4. Aemilia espoused by George Marquess of Brandenburg An. 1532. deceased 1591. 5. Sibil affianced in 1540 to Francis the First Duke of Sax-Lawenburg And 6. Sidonia married to Erick the Younger Duke of Brunswick 1545. deceased Jan. 4. 1575. § XI Return we now to Christian the First who succeeded his Father Augustus in the Electoral Dignity born Nov. 3. 1560. In 1582. he married Sophia Daughter of John George Elector of Brandenburg who departed this World 1622. as himself had done many Years before viz. 1591. His Children are said to have been as follow 1. Christian the Second born Sept. 23. 1583. who succeeded his Father in the Electorate under the Government and Tuition of his Cousin Duke Frederick William of Aldenburg He commanded his Chancellor Nicholas Crelley to be beheaded In 1610. he obtain'd of the Emperor Rudolph to be invested in the Dutchies o◠Juliers Cleves and Mons. The Year following he died of an Apoplexy caused by taking too large a draught of Small-Beer after over-heating himself with Tilting Nor left he any Issue tho' married to Hedewig Daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark 2. John George the First born March 5. 1585. of whom a little lower 3. Anne Sabina born and dead the same Year viz. 1586. 4. Sophia born 1587. she was married to Francis Duke of Pomerania and died 1635. 5. Elizabeth born 1588. deceased July 4. 1589. 6. Augustus Administrator of Naumburg born Sept. 7. 1589. In 1612 he married Elizabeth Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick but died without Issue Dec. 26. 1615. And 7. Dorothy Lady Abbess of Quedelinburg born 1591. deceased 1617. Wherefore John George the First in whose Issue the descent of this Line was continued succeeded in the Electorate at his Brother Christian's decease having first Travelled Incognito into many Foreign Parts In 1612. he took on him the Vicarship of the Empire during the Interregnum In 1617. he caused the first Jubilee to be Celebrated in memory of the Reformation began by Luther an hundred Years before Another in 1630. for the Augustane Confession And a third 1655. for the Peace of Religion or Transaction at Passaw causing several Medals to be Coined on those Occasions He was a most dutiful Son to his Mother for whom he had a more than ordinary Veneration He elected Matthias Ferdinand the Second Ferdinand the Third and Ferdinand the Fourth King of the Romans and refused the Offer of the Bohemian Crown About 1631. he leagued himself with the Swede against the Emperor with whom he again made Peace in 1635. leaving his Ally the Swede Who thereupon lay very hard on him till a general Peace was once more restored to the Empire An. 1648. This excellent Prince departed this Life in the Year 1656. and the 72d of his Age. His first Wife was Sibil Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg who died 1606. And his Second Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia and Marquess of Brandenburg whom he espoused in the Year 1607. and had Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. Anonymus born July 18. 1608. 2. Sophia Eleanor born Nov. 23. 1609. married to George the Second Prince of Hesse-Darmstadt 1627. deceased June 2. 1671. 3. Mary Elizabeth born Nov. 12. 1610. married to Frederick Duke of Sleswick 1630. deceased 1684. 4. Christian Albert born and dead the same Year viz. 1612. 5. John George the Second born May 31. 1613. of whom more in the next Section 6. Augustus the Third Administrator of Magdeburg born Aug. 13. 1614. of whom in the 13th Section 7. Christian the Third Administrator of Mersburg born Oct. 27. 1615. of whom in the 14th Section 8. Magdalen Sibil born Sept. 23. 1617. and remarried after the decease of Christian Prince Royal of Denmark Eldest Son of King Christian the Fourth her first Husband to Frederick William the Second Duke of Sax-Aldenburg she died Jan. 6. 1668. 9. Maurice Administrator of Naumburg born March 24. 1619. of whom below in the 15th Section 10. Henry born and dead the same Year viz. 1622. § XII Return we now to his Serene Highness John George the Second a Prince always Loyal to God and his Country the Empire After the decease of the Emperor Ferdinand the Third he was Vicar of the Empire and present at the Election of a new King of the Romans In 1671. he entred into Articles of a mutual Succession with Julius
Francis Duke of the Lower Saxony In 1638. he took to Wife the Princess Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Christian the First Marquess of Brandenburg-Culembach deceased 1687. whereas himself died at Freiburg Aug. 22. 1680. leaving Issue 1. Sibil Mary born 1642. deceased 1643. 2. Erdmuth Sophia born Feb. 15. 1644. married to Christian Erneste Marquess of Brandenburg-Bareith 1662. deceased 1670. and an only Son viz. 3. John George the Third His present Highness born June 20. 1647. who entred on the Government of the Electorate after the decease of his Father of ever blessed Memory which he has since managed with much Prudence and Moderation We need not here mention the many Negotiations he has underwent for the publick safety nor his other Illustrious and Immortal Actions since they are so visible to all Good Men. On Oct. 9. 1666. he with great Solemnity espoused the Princess Anne Sophia Daughter of Frederick late King of Denmark by whom he has Issue 1. John George the Fourth Heir Apparent born Oct. 17. 1668. And 2. Frederick Augustus born May 12. 1670. § XIII Return we now to Augustus Administrator of Magdeburg who died An. 1680. having had Two Wives and by them a numerous Off-spring The first of these was Anne Mary Daughter of Adolph Frederick Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin married to him 1646. or 47. deceased 1669. having born him Twelve Children The Other was Joan Walpurg Daughter of George William Count de Leining by whom he had twice Issue This last Lady died a Widow in the Year 1689. The Male Issue were 1. John Adolph Duke of Saxony in Weissenfeld or Sax-Weissenfeld born Nov. 2. 1649. and married Oct. 25. 1671. to Joan Magdalen Daughter of Frederick the Second Duke of Sax-Altenburg who died in the Year 1686. having born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. Magdalen Sibil born Sept. 3. 1673. 2. Augustus Frederick born 1674. deceased 1675. 3. John Adolph born and dead the same Year viz. 1676. 4. John George born July 13. 1677. 5. Anonymus 1678. 6. Joanna Wilhelmina born Jan. 20. 1682. 7. Frederick William born 1681. deceased 1683. 8. Christian born Feb. 23. 1682. And 9. Anne Mary June 17. 1683. 2. Augustus the Younger born Dec. 3. 165â— and chosen Provost of Magdeburg by the Chapter thereof An. 1661. This Prince serv'd in the King of Sweden's Army as also under the Elector of Cologne but died an untimely Death in 1674 the very next Year after his Marriage with Charlotte Daughter of Frederick Prince of Hesse in Eschwegen whom he left a Widow but since married to John Adolph Count de Tecklenburg 3. Christian born June 25. 1655. who all along behav'd himself with great Bravery in His Electoral Highness of Saxony's Service upon which account he was made Field Marshal Lieutenant Nevertheless this Courageous Prince lost his Life at the Siege of Mentz in August 1689. 4. Henry born Sept. 29. 1657. who succeeded his Brother Augustus in the Provostry of Magdeburg and is also a Colonel in the Elector of Brandenburg's Forces In 1689. he espoused Henrica Agnes Daughter of John George the Second Prince of Anhalt-Dessaw 5. Albert born Ap. 14. 1659. who turn'd Catholick and married a great Fortune on the Rhine 6. Frederick born Nov. 20. 1673. And 7. Maurice born Jan. 5. 1676 The Daughters were all by the first Venture and thus named 1. Magdalen Sibil born 1648. married to Frederick Duke of Sax-Gotha 1669. deceased Jan. 20. 1681. 2. Anne Mary born 1653. deceased 1671. 3. Sophia born June 23. 1654. and married to Charles William Prince of Anhalt-Servest An. 1676. 4. Catharine born 1655. deceased 1663. 5. Christina born 1656. and married June 21. 1676. to Augustus Frederick Duke of Holstein and Bishop of Lubeck 6. Elizabeth born 1660. deceased 1663. And 7. Dorothy born 1662. deceased the Year following § XIV Now follows Christian Administrator of the Bishoprick of Mersburg third Son of John George the First Elector of Saxony mention'd by us above in the eleventh Section Numb 7. born Oct. 27. and married Nov. 19. 1650. to Christina Daughter of Philip Duke oâ— Holstein-Glucksburg with whom he now liveth having had Issue by her as followeth 1. Magdalen Sophia born Nov. 19. 1651 deceased 1675. 2. John George born 1652. deceased 1654. 3. Christian born Nov. 19. 1653. In 1679 he took to Wife Erdmuth Eleanor his Uncle Maurice of Naumburg's Daughter and has Issue 1. Christian born Nov. 7. 1680. 2. Maurice William born Oct. 11. 168â— And 3. Augustus Frederick born March 10. 1684. 4. Augustus born Feb. 15. 1655. and married in August 1688. to one of Gustavâ—â— Adolphus Duke of Meckleburg Gustrowâ—â— Daughters 5. Philip born Oct. 26. 1657. who took tâ— Wife Eleanor Sophia Daughter of Job Ernestus Duke of Sax-Weimar on July 9. 1684. 6. Christiana born 1659. married to Christanus Duke of Sax-Eisenberg 1677. deceased March 13. 1679. 7. Sophia Hedewig born June 4. 1660. anâ— married in 1680. to John Ernestus Dukâ— of Sax-Gotha in Salfeld 8. Henry born Sept. 2. 1661. who not lonâ— since espoused the Lady Lovise Elizabetâ— Daughter of Christian Ulrick Duke 〈◊〉 Wurtenburg of the Branch of Bernstadt 〈◊〉 Silesia by his first Wife 9. Maurice born 1662. deceased 1664. And 10. Sibil Mary born Oct. 28. 1667. the second Wife of Christian Ulrick Duke of Wurtenburg and Osne of the Branch of Bernstadt to whom she was married Oct. 27. 1683. § XV. It now remains we say somewhat of Maurice Administrator of the Bishopricks of Naumburg and Ceitz Youngest Son of his Electoral Highness John George the First who departed this Life Dec. 4. 1681. having had Three Wives whose names were Sophia Hedewig Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein-Glucksburg deceased 1652. Dorothy Mary Daughter of William Duke of Sax-Weimar who died July 11. 1675. And Sophia Elizabeth Daughter of Philip Lewis Duke of Holstein-Sunderburg now a Widow The Children by the first and second Venture were 1. John Philip born 1651. deceased 1652. 2. Maurice born 1652. deceased the Year following 3. Eleanor Magdalen born 1658. deceased 1661. 4. Erdmuth Dorothy born 1661. and married in 1679. to Christian Prince of Mersburg 5. Maurice William Administrator of Naumburg who drew his first Breath March 12. 1664. and has taken to Wife Mary Amalia Daughter of Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg Charles Prince of Meckleburg-Gustrow's Widow whom he married on the 26th of June 1689. O. S. 6. John George born 1665. deceased 1666. 7. Christian August born Oct. 9. 1666. 8. Frederick Henry born July 21. 1668. 9. Mary Sophia born 1670. deceased the Year following 10. Magdalen Sibil born and dead the same Year viz. 1672. And 11. Wilhelmina Sibilla born 1675. Of the Augmentation of the Saxon Family § XVI WE have already declared how Frederick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Landtgrave of Thuringe obtained of the Emperour Sigismund the Investiture of the Electoral Dignity together with the Palatinate of Saxony and Burgraviate of Magdeburg An. 1425. The same Prince is supposed by
ever which Agreement is very well known to be still observ'd In 1336. John the Second added Culembach to this Family together with the Castle of Plassenburg and Monastry of Himmete-Cron In 1347. he became possessed of Beissenstadt and Rudolfftein and many other places more especially the City of Creilsheim In 1364. Frederick the Fifth added Swabach Feuchtwangen Emsfirchen and Gunkenhausen as also Hoff in the Land of Advocates which last place was bought by him in the Year 1375. In 1390. John the Third obtained as a Fief of the Empire Rikingen Vffenheim Libenau Aurenhofen and Laterdorf with some other Places to be held by him as Fiefs of the Empire In 1417. Frederick the Sixth was Invested in the Electorate of Brandenburg by the Emperor Sigismund to be held of him and the Emperors his Successors Which Electorate contained at that time the old and middle Marquisates as also Prignitz to which he soon after annexed the Uckermarch by right of War having won the same from the Pomeranians In 1455. the Elector Frederick the Second became possessed of many Places in Lusatia viz. Cothus the Fort of Peike Sommerfeldt Besckan Storcan with all their Appurtenances having taken the same from George King of Bohemia In 1472. the Dutchy of Crossen was Mortgaged to this Family of which it became afterwards fully possessed by reason of its being never redeemed In 1525. Marquess Albert of the Franconian Line Grand Master of the Teutonick Order was created the first Duke of Prussia which was to hold as a Fief of the Crown of Poland that Country being then changed into a Dutchy Somewhat before this his Brother George the Confessor had Jagerndorff given him in consideration of his good Services by Ladislaus King of Bohemia The same George in 1532. became possessed of the Dutchies of Oppelen and Ratibor in Silesia by Right of Confraternity or Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession 'twixt him and the Duke of those Dutchies Joachim the First in 1524 reduced the new Marck which had been for many Years held in Mortgage by the Knights of the Teutonick Order The same Prince Incorporated the County of Rupin with the Electorate as a Fief vacant by the death of Wichman last Count thereof In 1609. the Dutchies of Juliers Cleves and Mons as also the Counties of Marck and Ravensberg ought to have fallen to John Sigismund the then Elector but the Duke of Newburg opposing it it was at length agreed on in 1666. after many Contests which at length ended in a War that only the Dutchy of Cleves and County of Marck should remain in the Possession of this Family nevertheless without prejudicing its Right to a mutual Succession to the other Provinces of the said Dutchies in case of deficiency of Heirs Male In 1637. all Pomerania should have fallen to his then Electoral Highness of Brandenburg upon the decease of Bogislaus last Duke thereof by right of Confraternity but the Swedes being got in Possession he could only obtain the further Pomerania Wherefore afterwards by the Peace of Osenburg the Dutchy of Magdeburg the Principalities of Halberstadt Minden and Camin together with some other Places were made over as an equivalent to His most Potent and Serene Highness Frederick William the Great The same Prince in 1657. obtained of the Crown of Poland an Independant Right to Prussia where he had Lavenburg and Buton likewise put into his hands In 1679. by the Treaty of Nimeguen that part of Pomerania which lies on the other side the Vecht and was hitherto in Possession of the Swede was likewise given up to him except the City Dam. In 1681. there was an Accession of the County of Regenstein In 1684. upon the death of Ernestus Bugislaus Prince of Croy all that Prince's Possessions fell to this Family And last of all in 1686. by an Agreement then made with the Emperour the Dutchy of Swibuse was settled on it Of its Decrease § XVII AS to what concerns the Decrease of this Family Frederick the Sixth sold great part of the Burgraviate of Norimberg to the City for 137000 Florins In 1535. George the Confessor parted with the Dutchies of Oppelen and Ratibor to Ferdinand the First afterwards Emperor for 13000 Hungarian Shillings And in 1625. it lost Carnovia or Jagerndorff upon the Proscription of John George then in Possession of that City and District Of its Pretensions § XVIII THis Family had formerly a Pretension to the Dutchies of Juliers Cleves and Mons but it was taken off in 1666. as we observed in the 16th Section It likewise laid Claim to Carnovia but quitted that also in 1686. upon its having the Dutchy of Swibus in Compensation for it We shall add no more at present of its other Pretensions being not well acquainted what they may be Only you must note That it hath entered into Articles of Agreement to a mutual Succession with the Elector of Saxony and Landtgrave of Hesse Moreover by the Grant of the Emperor Frederick the Third it has some Expectance of having the Dutchies of Holstein and Meckleburg fall to it as also the Principality of Anbalt provided those in possession fail in Issue Male. CHAP. X. Of the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg § I. THo' the Family of Brunswick and Lunenburg for its great Antiquity may seem to bear the Bell in a manner from all the rest yet it will suffice us to know at present That it owes its Original to the Ancient Welffs And from whence they are descended is observed at large by the Learned Spener in his Sylloge Genealogicâ pag. 476. Now Cunigund Sister of Welff the Third Earl of Altorff whom some likewise call Duke of Bavaria was married to Azon of Este a Prince of an Italian Extraction which Match gave Birth to Welff the Fourth or as others the first surnamed The Strong his Uncle's Heir Earl of Altorff and afterwards in 1071. Duke of Bavaria by the Grant of the Emperor Henry the Fourth He was succeeded by his Eldest Son Welff the Second who assisted the Young Emperor Henry the Fifth against his Father Henry the Fourth and departed this Life 1119. having never had Issue by Maud his Wife an Italian Princess of High Blood Wherefore he left Bavaria to his Brother Henry the Black who died in the Year 1125. having had to Wise Walfild Daughter of Magnus Duke of Saxony of the Line of Billingen and by her a numerous Off-spring whereof Henry the Proud need only be here mentioned as sufficient to our present Design He was Successor to his Father in the Dutchy of Bavaria and in 1137. was Invested in that of Saxony also by his Father-in-Law Lotharius the Emperor This Prince built Munchen and after variety of Fortunes ended his days An. 1139. His Son was Henry the Lyon Duke of Bavaria and Saxony whose Power was so great as he was wont to say in an old Dutch Rhime Bon der Elve bet an den Rhin Dat th alles min. i.e. 'Twixt Elve and
Rhine Is all mine Nevertheless falling into Disgrace with the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa he was Proscribed by him and so lost all his Dominions except the Districts of Brunswick and Lunenburg and departed this Life An. 1195. This Prince therefore may be properly looked on as common Father of all the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg which have flourished from that down to the present Times He had to Wife Maud Daughter of Henry the Second King of England and by her Three Sons and Two Daughters viz. 1. Henry the Younger who in his Father's Life-time became possessed of the Palatinate of the Rhine in Right of his Wife Agnes Daughter and sole Heiress of Conrade last Count of that Palatinate nevertheless for want of Heirs Male he was succeeded therein by Otho Count Witelsbach Duke of Bavaria who married his only Daughter Agnes as we observed above in the Palatine-Bavarian Family 2. Otho chosen Emperor 1208. deceased without Issue 1218. 3. Ingeburg married to Woldemar the Second King of Denmark 4. Maud to Geoffrey Count de Perch And 5. William Propagator of the Family by being Father of Otho the First born 1204. § II. This Otho was created the first Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg by the Emperor Frederick the Second An. 1235. and had Issue by Maud Daughter of Albert Elector of Brandenburg as followeth viz. 1. Albert of whom below in the next Section 2. John the First who had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and departed this Life 1276. or as others 1277. leaving Issue Otho the Fourth surnamed The Strong whose Wife was Maud Daughter of Lewis Elector Palatine who bore him 1. Otho the Sixth Dake of Lunenburg succeeded for want of Issue Male by his Brother 2. William the Third who likewise died An. 1368. leaving Issue only Daughters 3. Conrade the First Bishop of Ferden deceased Oct. 15. 1303. 4. Otho the Second Bishop of Hildesheim deceased July 4. 1279. 5. Helena married to Albert the First Elector of Saxony deceased 1272. 6. Adelheid given in Marriage to Henry the first Landtgrave of Hesse 1239. deceased 1255. 7. Agnes the Wife of Wenceslaus Prince of Rugen 8. Maud espoused by Henry the First Prince of Anbalt And 9. Elizabeth by William Earl of Holland 1251. deceased 1266. § III. We now return to Albert surnamed The Great who upon his Father's decease succeeded to the Principality of Brunswick and died himself in 1279. having performed many Noble Actions and obtained several remarkable Victories His Children were 1. Henry surnamed Mirabilis or The Wonderful who had Grubenhagen assigned him by his Father's Will and departed this Life 1322. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Albert Landtgrave of Thuringia as followeth viz. 1. Henry who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brethren had Eisfeld and Duderstadt for his Patrimony in which he was succeeded by his Son 1. Otho the Seventh who Mortgaged the said Provinces to the Arch-Bishop of Mentz and was created Duke of Tarento and afterwards King of both the Sicilies but died without Issue An. 1387. 2. John Provost of Eimbeck And 3. Ernestus who by Agnes of Eberstein had 1. Frederick the First who died 1404. leaving Issue only a Son named Otho the Ninth deceased without Issue An. 1411. 2. Albert. And 3. Ernestus Provost of Eimbeck who died 1422. But Albert begot Erick the First who died 1449. and had Issue Two Sons 1. Henry the Fifth who died 1469. leaving only a Son named Henry the Seventh deceased Issueless An. 1526. And 2. Albert the Sixth who departed this Life 1486. and was succeeded by his Son Philip whose Brother Erick was Elected Bishop of Osenburg and Munster and died 1532. but Philip lived till 1555. settled the Reformed Religion in his Provinces and left Issue 1. Erneste the Sixth born Ap. 2. 1518. deceased 1567. 2. Albert the Seventh 3. John the Sixth 4. Wolfgang And 5. Philip the Second All which died without Issue Male so that Philip who departed this Life 1596. was the last of this Line 2. Albert the Second surnamed The Gross of whom in the next Section 3. William who had the District of Wolfembuttel for his Appennage and died an untimely Death An. 1292. Knights of the Order of St. John 4. Luder And 5. Conrade And 6. Otho the Third a Knight Templar § IV. We now return to Albert the Gross who at first had only the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen but upon his Brother William's Decease laid claim to his Country and beat out his Brother Henry who had seiz'd it An. 1292. He departed this Life 1318. leaving Issue as followeth viz. 1. Otho the Fifth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy of Brunswick and died 1334. leaving Issue by Agnes Daughter of Conrade Marquess of Brandenburg only Two Daughters whose Names were 1. Agnes married to Barnim the Third Duke of Pomerania deceased 1371. And 2. Judith the Wife of Henry surnamed Ferreus or Ironside Landtgrave of Hesse 2. Ernestus whose Patrimony was the Lordship of Gottingen and Principality of Calenberg where he had Issue by Elizabeth Daughter of Henry the Fourth Duke of Glogaw a Son and a Daughter namely 1. Elizabeth or as others Anne married to William the First Count de Henneberg An. 1414. 2. Otho the Eighth who succeeded him and died 1394. having had to Wife Margaret Countess of Bergen and by her an only Son Otho the Tenth surnamed Monoculus from his having but one Eye in whom the Branch of Gottingen became extinct An. 1463. 3. Magnus of whom more in the next Section as Preserver of the Line 4. Albert the Third Bishop of Halberstadt deceased 1358. 5. Henry the Third Bishop of Hildesheim deceased Feb. 6. 1363. 6. Maud elected Lady Abbess of Gandersheim An. 1305. And 7. Ludger Grand Master of the Teutonick Order in Prussia § V. We now return to Magnus Son of Albert the Gross who at first kept his Court at Sangerhuse but after his Brother Otho's Decease obtained the Principality of Brunswick An. 1334. and died himself 1368. having had Issue by Sophia Daughter of Henry Marquess of Landsberg as followeth viz. 1. Lewis the Second deceased without Issue 1358. notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of William Duke of Lunenburg of whom we made mention in the second Section Numb 2. 2. Otho deceased in Italy 3. Magnus Torquatus of whom below 4. John the Fifth whom some make Arch-Bishop of Magdeburg yet omitted by others 5. Albert the Fifth Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1395. 6. Sophia who died a Maid 7. Maud the Wife of Bernhard the Third Prince of Anhalt 8. Helena married to Otho And 9. Agnes to Erick Count de Hoye Wherefore Magnus was the only Preserver of this Family and succeeded his Cousin William in the Principality of Lunenburg An. 1368. his Father being yet living after whose decease he obtained that of Brunswick also in the same Year His Wife was Catharine Daughter of Woldemar Elector of Brandenburg by
whom he had Eight Children Himself was Slain in a single Combat with Otho Count Schaumburg wherein he had thrown and disarmed the Count and was just a going to kill him as he lay on the ground had he not been prevented by being run through himself by a common Soldier The Names of his Children were 1. Frederick the Second who by an Agreement with his Brethren had at first the sole Administration of the Dutchy of Brunswick He beat Otho surnamed Malus or The Bad out of Wolfembuttel and overthrew the Barons that detained his Brother Bernhard in Prison After this being in high Repute for his Courage he was chosen Emperor by some of the Electors in room of Wenceslaus whom they had deposed but Slain in his way home not far from Frislar as he was returning from Frankfort His Wife was Anne Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony who bore him Two Daughters viz. Anne married to Frederick the Third of Austria deceased 1432. and Elizabeth the Wife of Henry or as Cuspinian will have it Gunther Count Swartzburg 2. Bernhard the First of whom more in the Line of Lunenburg 3. Henry the Fourth of whom in the next 4. Otho the Eleventh Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen deceased 1416. 5. Helena the Wife of Albert Duke of Meckleburg and King of Sweden 6. Agnes married first to Busson Count Mansfeldt and after his decease to Bogislaus Duke of Pomerania stetin 7. Sophia espoused by Henry Duke of Meckleburg And 8. Catharine married in 1391. to Gerhard Duke of Sleswick and after he was Slain to Erick the Third Duke of Sax-Lawenburg Of the old Line of Brunswick or Wolfembuttel § VI. WE now return to Henry the Fourth Author and Propagator of the old Line of Brunswick properly so called In 1395. he reduced the Lunenburgers In 1404. he undertook an Expedition ' gainst Otho Count Schcumburg but being taken by Henry of Eberstein and Simon and Bernhard Counts de Lippe could not obtain his Liberty but on Promise by Oath to pay them 2000 Florins Ransom from which Oath he was afterwards freed by his Holiness the Pope He could never agree with his Brother the Bishop of Ferden His Death bears date 1416. and his first Wife was Sophia Daughter of Uratislaus Duke of Pomerania whom he married An. 1386. after whose Decease he took Margaret Daughter of Herman of Hesse to his Second By the first Lady he had Issue a Son and a Daughter namely 1. William of whom a little below And 2. Catharine married to Frederick the First Elector of Saxony deceased Dec. 28. 1442. But by the Second only a Son named Henry surnamed Lappen-Krieg born 1411. deceased 1473. having had to Wife Helen Daughter of Adolph Duke of Cleves and by her an only Daughter named Margaret and married to William Prince of Henneberg An. 1469. William succeeded his Father and was surnam'd The Victorious from Seven Famous Victories he obtained The first over the Hussites An. 1421. The second over those of Hildesheim in the same Year The third over the Turks for Sigismund the Emperor An. 1424. The fourth over Erick King of Denmark in behalf of the Hans Towns and those of Sleswick An. 1427. The fifth over Theodorick Arch-Bishop of Munster An. 1446. The sixth over Maurice Earl of Oldenburg An. 1462. And the last over the Inhabitants of Eimbeck He departed this Life An. 1482. aged Ninety having had Cecily Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg to his first Wife and Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumburg Bernhard the Second of Lunenburg's Widow deceased 1468. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. William surnamed The Younger of whom in the next Section 2. Frederick the Fourth who had Calenberg assigned him for his Patrimony but died in Confinement where he was kept by reason of his being Crazed An. 1499. And 3. Otho deceased in his Infancy 1468. § VII Return we now to William the Younger who loved Retirement and a quiet Life In 1490. he bought Helmstadt of the Abbot of Verden and departed this Life 1503. having some time before given up the Governmen to his Sons and divided his Dominions among them He had to Wife Elizabeth Daughter of Budo Count Stolberg who bore him Issue as followeth 1. Henry the Eighth born June 24. 1463. of whom more below 2. Anne born 1470. and married to William Son of Henry the Fifth Prince of Hesse And 3. Erick the Third born the same Year with his Sister Anne who had the Principality of Calenberg and Barony of Gottingen settled on him by his Father and was a Prince justly to be numbred amongst the greatest Hero's of his Age being said to have overcome in no less than twelve several Battels He departed this Life July 26. 1540. leaving Issue by his second Wife Erick the Younger who succeeded him but yet died without Issue at Pavia in Italy An. 1584. Return we now to Henry the Eighth surnamed der Duadc who being a Prince of an unquiet Temper that sought all occasions of falling out with his Neighbours involv'd both himself and Subjects in many difficulties He was at last Slain by a Canon Ball at the Siege of Orth a Castle in East-Friesland June 23. 1514. His Wife was Catharine Sister of Bugâ—slaus Duke of Pomerania deceased 1526. which March gave birth to the following Issue 1. Christopher Bishop of Verden and Arch-Bishop of Bremen born 1487. deceased Jan. 22. 1558. 2. Henry the Tenth born Nov. 10. 1489. of whom in the next Section 3. Erick the Fourth Commendator of the Teutonick Order taken Prisoner at the Battel of Lunenburg but Ransom'd afterwards He died at Coblentz An. 1525. 4. Francis the Second born 1492. Elected Bishop of Minden 1504. deceased Nov. 29. 1529. 5. George the First Arch-Bishop of Bromen born 1494. deceased Dec. 4. 1562. 6. William the Sixth Commendator of the Order of St. John in Mirow deceased 1558. 7. Catharine the Wife of Magnus the Second Duke of Sax-Lawenburg deceased 1563. And 8. Elizabeth married to William Count Henneberg § VIII We now return to Henry the Tenth a Prince impatient of Ease and a quiet Life In his Youth he served George Duke of Saxony against the Frieslanders He likewise assisted his Uncle Erick against the Bishop of Hildeâ—â—m but above all signaliz'd his Courage and Conduct under the Emperor Charles the Fifth in his Wars against the French In 1525. he suppressed the Insurrection of the Boors by giving 'em a total Defeat He first established the Right to Succession by Birth-right in this Line He was a Mortal Enemy of Luther's nor wou'd he permit any of his Subjects to embrace his Doctrine Moreover he was accused of many high Misdemeanors by the Principal States of the Empire whereupon he was beat out of his Dominions by the Princes of the Smalcaldick League An. 1543. and afterwards taken Prisoner by Maurice Elector of Saxony but again set at liberty An. 1547. and at last died of old Age after many
turns of Fortune in the Year 1568. His first Wife was Mary Daughter of Henry Duke of Wurtenburg deceased 1541. after whose Death he married Sophia Daughter of Sigismund King of Poland deceased 1575. By the first Venture he had Issue 1. Charles Victor born 1521. slain at the Battel of Sivershuse July 19. 1553. 2. Philip Magnus born 1522. and slain in the same Fight 3. Julius born 1528. of whom in the next Section 4. John all short liv'd 5. Henry all short liv'd 6. Joachim And all short liv'd 7. Andrew all short liv'd 8. Catharine married to John Marquess of Brandenburg An. 1537. deceased 1574. 9. Margaret given in Marriage to John Duke of Monsterberg 1561. deceased 1565. 10. Clara who quitting the Cloyster married Philip Duke of Brunswick Grubenhagen mentioned by us towards the latter end of the third Section and died 1595. And 11. Mary Lady Abbess of Gandersheim deceased 1595. § IX Julius succeeding his Father was of a different Opinion to him in matters of Religion and therefore abolished the Popish Superstition commanding the Julian Body of Divinity to be followed throughout his Dominions He likewise opened an University at Helmstadt Oct. 14. 1576. and departed this Life 1589. In 1560. he took to Wife Hedewig Daughter of Joachim the Second Elector of Brandenburg by whom he had Issue Male and Female as follow viz. 1. Sophia Hedewig born 1561. married to Ernest Lewis Duke of Pomerania 1577. deceased 1631. 2. Henry Julius born Oct. 15. 1564. of whom we shall soon speak again 3. Mary born 1566. she was married to Francis Duke of Sax-Lawenburg and died 1626. 4. Elizabeth born 1567. and married after the decease of her first Husband Adolph Count Schaumburg An. 1604. to Christopher Duke of Brunswick-Zell She died 1618. 5. Philip Sigismund Bishop of Ferden and Osnabrug born July 1. 1568. deceased 1623. 6. Margaret born 1571. and deceased in her Infancy 7. Joachim Charles Provost of Strasburg born Ap. 23. 1573. deceased Oct. 9. 1615. 8. Sabina Catharine born 1674. deceased 1590. 9. Dorothy Augusta Lady Abbess of Gandersheim born 1577. deceased 1611. 10. Julius Augustus Abbot of St. Michael in the City of Lunenburg born Feb. 4. 1578. deceased 1617. And 11. Hedewig born 1580. married to Otho the Sixteenth Duke of Brunswick-Zell deceased 1641. We now return to Henry Julius who succeeded his Father Julius in the Dutchy and upon the death of Philip of Grubenhagen pretended to the sole right of succeeding to him also but that being opposed by the other Relations of the said Philip and an unhappy Division like to arise among 'em thereupon it was agreed by all Parties to refer the matter to the decision of the Law and so Henry at last let his Claim fall He departed this Life at Prague An. 1613. In 1585. he took Dorothy Daughter of Augustus Elector of Saxony to his first Wife but she dying two Years after he in 1590. married Elizabeth Daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark By these he had Issue 1. Dorothy Hedewig born Feb. 4. 1587. married to Rudolph Prince of Anhalt 1605. deceased 1608. 2. Frederick Ulrick born Ap. 5. 1591. This Prince succeeded his Father and had much ado with the City of Brunswick but in the end brought it to such terms as forced it to submit and do him Homage An. 1616. He departed this Life 1634. and that without Issue by his Wife who was Anne Sophia Daughter of John Sigismund Elector of Brandenburg and so put an end to this Line 3. Sophia Hedewig the Wife of Ernest Casimire Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg born Feb. 20. 1592. deceased 1642. 4. Elizabeth born 1593. married first to Augustus An. 1612. and after his decease to John Philip Dukes of Saxony the One of the now Electoral the Other of the Ernestine Line She died 1650. 5. Hedewig born Feb. 19. 1595. married to Ulrick Duke of Pomerania 1619. deceased 1622. 6. Dorothy born June 8. 1596. married to Christian William Administrator of Magdeburg and Marquess of Brandenburg 1615. deceased 1649. 7. Christian the Second born Sept. 10. 1599. elected Bishop of Halberstadt 1616. deceased 1626. This Prince took part with Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia but was put to Flight by the Imperialists in a Battel fought not far from Hochst Nevertheless he had afterwards better Success against the Spaniard whose Forces he defeated under their Leader Don Francisco Gonsalvo de Corduba 8. Rudolph born 1602. and designed for Bishop of Halberstadt but prevented by Death 1616. 9. Henry Charles born 1609. deceased at Helmstadi 1615. And 10. Anne Augusta born May 19. 1612. and married to George Lewis Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Of the Line of Lunenburg or Zell § X. MAtter 's thus far cleared we now return to Bernhard mentioned by us above in the fifth Section Numb 2. who in the division of his Father's Inheritance 'twixt him and his Brother Henry had the Principality of Lunenburg assigned him for his Patrimony and died 1434. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Wenceslaus Elector of Saxony and by her Two Sons and a Daughter viz. 1. Otho the Twelfth surnamed Von der Heyde who succeeded him and married Elizabeth of Eberstein yet died without Issue 1445. 2. Frederick the Third surnamed The Religious of whom immediately And 3. Catharine married to Casimire Duke of Pomerland-stetin Frederick succeeded Otho his Brother and built the Franciscan Monastery at Zell whereunto he retired having given up the Government to his Sons by whose untimely Deaths he was once more forced from thence to return to the Administration of the Publick over which he afterwards presided Seven Years and died 1478. His Wife was Magdalen Daughter of Frederick the First Elector of Brandenburg and his Children by her as follow viz. 1. Bernhard the Second Administrator of the Arch Bishoprick of Hildesheim which Dignity he resigned after six Years enjoying it and had the Government of Lunenburg put into his hands by his Father upon his retiring from secular Affairs yet died before him and that without Issue notwithstanding he had married Maud Daughter of Otho Count Schaumberg 2. Otho the Thirteenth surnamed The Victorious a Valiant and Just Prince who succeeded his Brother but yet died before his Father An. 1471. leaving Anne of Nassau a Widow and by her an only Son named Henry the Ninth born 1468. of whom more in the next Section And 3. Margaret married to Henry the Third Duke of Meckleburg § XI Henry the Ninth who succeeded his Father in the Dutchy was brought up under the Tuition of his Mother and Grandfather and after he came to the Management of Affairs himself had many Wars He departed this Life at Paris An. 1532. having had to Wife Margaret Daughter of Ernestus the First Elector of Saxony and by her Issue as followeth namely 1. Elizabeth married to Charles Duke of Guelderland 1518. deceased 1572. 2. Otho the Fourteenth born Aug. 24. 1495. who
June 25. 1632. and married to Frederick Duke of Wurtenburg of the Line of Stugart 1653. whose Widow she now is 6. Anthony Ulrick born Oct. 4. 1633. who now lives with his Brother Rudolph in joynt Authority of the Government setting a singular Example to the World of Brotherly Affection On the 17th of Aug. 1656. he took to Wife Elizabeth Julian Daughter of Frederick Duke of Holstein-Nordburg by whom he has had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Frederick Augustus born 1657. and Slain at the Taking of Philipsburg 1676. 2. Elizabeth Eleanor born 1658. married to John George Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin 1675. and after his Death in the same Year to Bernhard Duke of Sax-Meinungen of the Branch of Gotha 3. Anne Sophia born Oct. 28. 1659. and affianced in 1677. to Charles Gustavus Marquess of Baden-Durlach 4. Leopold Augustus born 1661. deceased the Year following 5. Augustus William Prince Hereditary of Brunswick born March 8. 1662. who on the 24th of June 1681. took to Wife Christina Sophia his Uncle Rudolph's Daughter but as yet has no Issue by her 6. Augustus Henry born Aug. 14. 1663. deceased Feb. 24. 1664. 7. Augustus Charles born and dead the same Year viz. 1664. 8. Augustus Francis born 1665. deceased the Year following 9. Augusta Dorothy born Dec. 16. 1666. and married to Anthony Gunther Count Swartzburg 1684. 10. Amalia Antonia born and deceased 1668. 11. Henrietta Christina born Sept. 19. 1669. 12. Lewis Rudolph born July 22. 1671. and solemnly Installed Knight of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem at Sonnenberg in December 1689. And 13. Sibil Ursula born 1672. deceased 1673. 7. Ferdinand Albert Eldest Son by the third Venture born May 22. 1636. who lived in Bevern-Castle where he also died An. 1687. having had to Wife the Lady Christina Daughter of Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse in Eschwegen and by her Issue as followeth viz. 1. Leopold Charles born and dead the same Year viz. 1670. 2. Frederick Albert born 1672. deceased 1673. 3. Sophia Eleanor born 1674. 4. Claudia Eleanora born 1675. deceased the Year following 5. Augustus Ferdinand born 1677. 6. Ferdinand Albert born 1680. 7. Ferdinand Christian And Twins born Mar. 4. 1682. 8. Ernestus Ferdinand Twins born Mar. 4. 1682. 8. Mary Elizabeth born Jan. 6. 1638. married to Adolph William Duke of Saxon-Eysenach 1663. and after his Decease to Albert Duke of Sax Coburg 9. Christian Francis born and dead the same Year viz. 1639. Of the Line of Zell and Hanouer § XIV MAtter 's thus far cleared 't is now time that William the Seventh Son of Erneste the Seventh appear This Prince succeeded his Father in the Principality of Lunenburg and died Aug. 20. 1592. having had to Wife Dorothy Daughter of Christian the Third King of Denmark and by her a noble Issue whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Sophia born Oct. 3. 1563. married to George Frederick Marquess of Brandenburg 1579. deceased Jan. 14. 1639. 2. Ernestus the Eighth born Nov. 19. 1564. who succeeded his Father but died a Batchellor An. 1611. 3. Elizabeth born Nov. 19. 1565. married to Frederick Count Hohenloe 1585. deceased 1621. 4. Christian the First Bishop of Minden born Nov. 19. 1566. deceased without Issue Nov. 8. 1633. 5. Augustus the First Administrator of the Bishoprick of Ratzeburg born Nov. 19. 1568. who succeeded his Brother in the Principality of Lunenburg and died Oct. 10. 1636. leaving Issue by Ilsa Smidichin Daughter of the Governour of Ebsdorf a natural Son named Erneste de Lunenburg whose Posterity flourisheth to this day 6. Dorothy born Jan. 1. 1570. married to Charles Count Palatine of the Rhine in Birckenfeld 1586. deceased Aug. 15. 1649. 7. Clara born June 16. 1571. married to William Count Swartzburg 1593. deceased 1658. 8. Anne Ursula born 1572. deceased Feb. 3. 1601. 9. Margaret born Ap. 5. 1573. married to John Casimire Duke of Saxony 1599. deceased Aug. 7. 1643. 10. Frederick the Seventh President of the Chapter of Bremen born Aug. 24. 1574. who succeeded his Brother Augustus and died without Issue Dec. 10. 1648. 11. Mary born Oct. 21. 1575. deceased Oct. 21. 1610. 12. Magnus the Third born 1577. deceased 1632. 13. George the Second born Feb. 17. 1582. of whom more in the next Section as only Propagator of this Line 14. John the Eighth Canon of Minden born June 23. 1583. deceased Nov. 21. 1628. And 15. Sibil born June 3. 1584. married to her Cousin-Germain Julius Ernestus of Danneberg 1617. deceased 1652. § XV. Now of these Seven Sons George alone was married for so it had been agreed amongst 'em that only One should Marry the other Six continue Batchellors and that they should cast Lots who the married Man should be The Lot fell to George who thereupon took to Wife the Lady Anne Eleanor Daughter of Lewis Landtgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt He was a Prince for true Piety Courage Wisdom and Sincerity worthy the Admiration of all Posterity In the Year 1633. he subdued the whole Bishoprick of Hildisheim together with the City of the same Name In 1636. he became possessed of the Principality of Calenberg and departed this Life Ap. 11. 1641. leaving Issue by the Lady Anne Eleanor aforesaid as followeth viz. 1. Christian Lewis born Feb. 25. 1622. who at first had his Residence at Hanouer but upon his Uncle Frederick's Decease succeeded to the Principalities of Lunenburg and Grubenhagen as also to the Counties of Hoye and Diepholt This excellent Prince died without Issue March 15. 1665. leaving the Lady Dorothy Daughter of Philip Duke of Holstein Glucksburg a disconsolate Widow 2. George William born Feb. 16. 1624. a Prince justly to be numbred amongst the Heroes of the Age who at first succeeded his Brother Lewis in the Principality of Calenberg only but upon his Decease without Issue in that of Lunenburg also as also in the Counties of Diepholt and Hoye yet not without several hot Disputes with his younger Brother John Frederick on that occasion He has taken to Wife the Lady Eleanor Desmiers a French Lady Daughter of Alexander Baron of Olbreuze in France by whom he has only a Daughter now living whose Name is Sophia Dorothy born Sept. 15. 1666. and married to George Lewis her Uncle Ernest Augustus's Eldest Son Nov. 21. 1682. 3. John Frederick born Ap. 25. 1625. who by an Agreement with his Brother George William had the Principality of Calenberg made over to him and in 1668. married the Lady Benedicta Henrietta Philippina Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Never's Daughter He was given to Popery and died at Ausburg in his way to Rome Dec. 28. 1679. having had Issue only Daughters viz. 1. Anne Sophia born 1670. deceased 1671. 2. Charlotte Felicitas born March 8. 1671. 3. Henrietta Maria Josepha born March 9. 1672. deceased in France 1687. And 4. Wilhelmina Amalia born Ap. 26. 1673. 4. Sophia Amalia born March 24. 1628. married to Frederick the Third King of Denmark 1643. deceased Feb. 20. 1685. 5. Ernestus Augustus
Pomerania Sept. 24. 1655. His Wife was Eleanor Catharine Daughter of John Casimire Prince Palatine of Deux-Ponts whom he married An. 1646. which Match gave birth to three Daughters now living whose Names are 1. Christina born Oct. 30. 1649. married to Ferdinand Albert Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg of the Line of Wolfembuttel 1667. whose Relict she now is 2. Juliana born 1652. and espoused by the Free Baron of Zilienburg And 3 Charlotte born Oct. 30. 1653. married to Augustus Duke of Sax-Quernfurt 1673 and after his decease which happened the Year following to John Adolph Count Tecklenburg 14. Christian born 1622. deceased Dec. 14. 1641. 15. Ernest born Dec. 9. 1523. whose Residence was in Rheinfeld Castle In 1652 he turn'd Catholick and died Feb. 19. 1682 leaving Issue by the Lady Mary Eleanor o◠Solms two Sons viz. 1. William born 1648. and married in 1669. to the Lady Mary Anne of Wertheim by whom he has had Issue only a Daughter named Mary Eleanor and deceased almost as soon as born And 2. Charles the second born 1650. In 1667. he married Sophia Magdalen of Solms who dying at Venice in 75. he the same Year took to Wife Alexandrina Juliana of Leiningen by the first Venture he has Issue now living 1 William Canon of Cologne born 1671. Frederick born 1673. who likewise enjoys the same Dignity And Philip born 1674. 16. Christina born July 9. 1625. deceased July 25. 1626. 17. Philip born 1627. deceased July 8. 1629. And 18. Elizabeth born 1628. deceased Feb. 11. 1636. § IV. William mentioned by us in the foregoing Section Number 5. succeeded his Father a the Government and in 1628. came to an Agreement with the Line of Darmstadt about the succession to their Uncle Lewis's Possession and other matters hitherto controverted He took part with the King of Sweden and departed this life Sept. 21. 1637. His Princess was Amalia Elizabeth of Hanaw married to him Nov. 21. 1619. who bore him twelve Children whereof only four liv'd to be of Age and died herself Aug. 8. 1651. having bred up her Children excellently well and managed the Government during her Son's minority with wonderful Prudence and Success The Names of the Surviving Issue were 1. Aemilia born Feb. 12. 1626. married to Henry Charles de Tremoville Prince of Taranto 1648. deceased 1686. 2. Charlotte born Nov. 20. 1627. married to Charles Lewis Elector Palatine 1650. deceased a Widow March 16. 1686. 3. William the Sixth born May 29. 1629. of whom soon again 4. Elizabeth Lady Abbess of Herverden born June 23. 1634. William the Sixth succeeded his Father and in 1649. took to Wife the Lady Hedewig Sophia Daughter of George William Elector of Brandenburg He twice Defeated the Imperialists and died July 15. 1663. having had Issue as followeth viz. 1. Charlotte Amalia born Ap. 27. 1650. and married in 1668. to the present King of Denmark 2. William the Seventh born June 21. 1651. deceased in his way to Paris Nov. 21. 1670. 3. Lovise born 1652. deceased the Year following 4. Charles the present Landtgrave of Hesse Cassel born Aug. 3. 1654. who on May 21. 1673. took to Wife the Lady Mary Amalia Daughter of James Duke of Curland who has born him Issue as followeth viz. 1. William born March 29. 1674. deceased 16 2. Charles born 1675. deceased Dec. 7. 1677. 3. Frederick the present Prince Hereditary born Ap. 28. 1676. 4. Christian born 1677. and since dead 5. Sophia Charlotte born July 16. 1678. 6. Charles June 12. 1680. 7. William born 1682. since deceased And 8. Leopold born Dec. 30. 1684. 5. Philip the fifth born Dec. 14. 1655. who Resides at Hirschfeld and in 1680. married the Lady Amalia Catharine of Solms by whom he has Issue 1. Wilhelmina Hedewig born Oct. 9. 1681. And 2. Charles Sept. 23. 1682. 6. George the fourth born March 20. 1657. deceased 1674. And 7. Elizabeth Henrietta born 1661. married to Frederick the Third the present Elector of Brandenburg Aug. 23 167 deceased June 27. 1683. Of the Line of Darmstadt § V. AMongst the Sons of Philip the Magnanimous above named there was mention made of George the First as Author of the Line of Darmstadt Section 2. Number 10. This prince founded Thirteen Country Schools and died Feb. 7. 1596. having had the Lady Magdalen of Lappe deceased 1587. to his first Wife and Eleanor Daughter of Christopher of Wurtenburg Joachim Ernestus Prince of Anhault's Widow who died 1618. to his Second By these Ladies he had Issue 1. Philip Lewis born and dead the same Year viz. 1576. 2. Lewis the Sixth born Sep. 24. 1577. of whom in the next Section 3. Christina born Nov. 28. 1578. affianced to Frederick Magnus Count d'Erpach deceased 1596. 4. Elizabeth born Nov. 26. 1579. given in marriage to John Casimire Count Palatine in Saarbrucken deceased 1625. 5. Mary Hedewig born 1580. deceased 1581. 6. Philip the Fourth who had his Seat at Butzbach and miserably perished in a Bath Ap. 28. 1643. leaving no Issue 7. Anne born March 3. 1583. married to Ernest Count Solms deceased 1601. 8. Frederick the Third born May the 5th of whom more beneath in the Branch of Homburg 9. Magdalen born 1586. all short liv'd 10. Joan 1587. And all short liv'd 11. Henry 1590. all short liv'd § VI. We now return to Lewis the Sixth who Founded the University at Giessen Oct. 10. 1605. In 1622. he was taken Prisoner by Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine but soon after set at liberty by him He first caused the Right of Primogeniture to obtain in his Line and died July 27. 1626. His Wife was Magdalen of John George Elector of Brandenburg who died 1616. having born him Twelve Children whose Names were as follow 1. Elizabeth Magdalen born Apr. 25. 1600. married to Lewis Frederick of Wurtenburg July 13. 1617. deceased 1624. 2. Anne Eleanor born July 30. 1601. married to George Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg of the Line of Hanouer Dec. 14. 1617. deceased 1640. 3. Mary born 1602. deceased 1610. 4. Sophia Agnes born Jan. 12. 1604. and married to John Frederick Count Palatine of the Line of Newburg Nov. 7. 1614. 5. George the Second born March 17. 1605. of whom in the next Section 6. Juliana born Apr. 14. 1606. married to Ulrick Earl of East-Friesland March 5. 1631. deceased Jan. 15. 1659. 7. Amalia born 1607 deceased Sept. 11. 1627. 8. John the Second born June 17. 1609. a Prince of great Courage and Prudence in the Government of his Family He had his Seat at Braubach where he died Issueless Apr. 1. 1641. 9. Henry the Seventh born Apr. 1. 1612. Consul for the German Nation at Siena where he died An. 16 10. Hedewig born 1613. deceased 1616. 11. Lewis born and dead the same Year viz. 1614. 12. Frederick the Fifth born Feb. 28. 1616. who turning Catholick was Constituted Grand Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem throughout all Germany An. 1651. promoted to be Cardinal and Protector of the German
born 1665. made Abbess of Hervorden in Westphalia 1680. 5. Amalia born 1666. married to Henry Casimier Prince of Nassau Hereditary Governour of West-Friesland 1684. 6. Louisa Sophia born 1667. dy'd 1668. 7. Maria Eleanora born 1671. married to George Prince of Ratzevil in Lithuania now a Widow 8. Henrica Agnes born Jan. 9. 1674. married to Henry Duke of Saxony 1689. 9. Leopoldus Hereditary Prince born July 3. 1676. 10. Johanna Charlotta born Apr. 6. 1682. Of the Line of Bernburg § IV. CHristian second Son of Joachim Ernestus was the Beginner of this Line To his share in the Division of the Estate fell the Lordship of Bernburg the County of Ballenstedt the Presidency of Hatzgerod with the Covent of Gernrod a Prince either for Field or Counsel He died April 20. 1630. and left fourteen Children by Anne Countess of Bentheim of which four died young and Sybilla Elizabetha Agnesa Magdalena Amalia Sophia Louisa Amalia Dorothea Bathild died unmarried The rest were 1. Christianus II. of whom by and by 2. Eleanora Maria born Aug. 7. 1600. married to Albertus II. Prince of Meckleburg and Gustrow in Germany died 1657. 3. Ernestus II. born May 19. 1608. slain at the Battel of Lutzen 1632. 4. Frederick born Novemb. 16. 1613. The Branch of Hatzgerod sprang from him He died June 30. 1670. His first Wife was Johanna Elizabetha of the House of Nassau who died March 2. 1647. his second Maria Elizabetha of the House of Lippa By the first of which he had 1. William II. born Aug. 18. 1643. he succeeded his Father in Hatzgerod and married Julia Elizabetha Albertina Countess of Selms of the Line of Laubach with whom he lives as yet Childless 2. Anna Ursula born 1645. died 1647. 3. Elizabetha Charlotta born Feb. 11. 1647. married 1663. to William Lodovick a Cadet of the Line of Coten and after his death to Augustus II. Duke of Hâ—ls Plonen 5. Sophia Margareta born Sept. 16. 1615. married to John Casimier a Cadet of the House of Dessaw died Decemb. 28. 1673. Of these Christian II. succeeded his Father and made his Residence at Bernburg where he died 1565. He married Eleanora Sophia Daughter of John Duke of Holsat Sundurburg 1625. by whom he had a great many Children of whom yet the here named only came to maturity viz. 1. Victor Amadaeus born Octob. 6. 1634. He succeeded his Father and married Elizabetha Daughter of Frederick Palatine of Bipont who died April 17. 1677. having brought him Five Children 1. Carolus Frederick born July 13. 1668. 2. Lebrecht born June 28. 1669. 3. Sophta Juliana born Octob. 26. 1672. died Aug. 21. 1674. 4. Johannes Georgius born Feb. 14. 1674. 5. Christianus born and died 1675. 2. Eleanora Hedewig born Octob. 28. 1635. not yet married 3. Angelica born June 6. 1639. unmarried 4. Anna Sophia born Septemb. 13. 1640. married to George Frederick Count Solms 1664. 5. Carolus Ursinus born 1643. died at Parma in Italy Jan. 4. 1660. 6. Anna Elizabetha born March 19. 1647. married to Christian Ulrick Duke of Wittenberg of the Line of Silesia 1672. died Sept. 3. 1680. Of the Line of Plotzkow now Caethane § V. AUgustus third Son of Joachim Ernestus had his Seat in the Castle of Pletzkow a Prince worthy of all Praise dying spent with Years Aug. 22. 1653. and 78th of his Age. He married Sybilla Countess of Solms 1618. who died a Widow March 23. 1659. by whom he had Eight Children 1. Johanna born Nov 24. 1618. a Deaconess of Quidlenburg in Saxony 2 Ernestus Gottlieb born Sept. 4. 1620. died 1654. 3. Lebrecht born April 5. 1622. He reviv'd the extinct Line of Caethane died Issueless Sept 7. 1669. 4. Dorothea born 1623. died 1637. 5. Ehernpreisz born 1625. died 1626. 6. Sophia born 1627. died Nov. 24. 1679. 7. Elizabeth born March 31. 1630. 8. Emanuel born Oct. 26. 1631. He return'd from the Defence of Candia succeeded his Brother and married Anna Eleanora Countess of Stolburg March 23. 1670. but died the same Year leaving his Wife with Child of Emanuel Lebrecht born May 20. 1671. the only surviving Branch of the Line of Caethane Of the Line of Servestan § VI. THe first of this Line was Rodolphus V. fourth Son of Joachim Ernestus who in the Division with the City of Servestan had the Lordships of Lindaw Coswigt and Roslaw He died 1622. His Wives were 1. Dorothea Hedewig Daughter of Herry Julius Duke of Brunswick who died 1608. 2. Magdalena Daughter of John Count Oldenburg who died 1657. By both which he had 1. Dorothea born Sept. 25. 1607. married to Augustus Duke of Brunswick Octob. 26. 1623. died Sept. 26. 1634. 2. Eleanora born 1608. married to Frederick Duke of Holstein of the Line of Nordburg 1632. died 1681. 3. Elizabeth born 1617. died 1639. 4. John V. born March 24. 1621. As also two other Daughters whose Names are unknown Of these John succeeded his Father He was brought up by his Uncle Anthony Gunther Earl of Oldenburg and died July 4. 1667. His Wife was Sophia Augusta Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick in Denmark whom he married 1649. She died a Widow 1681. and brought him Fourteen Children 1. John Frederick born 1650. died 1651. 2. George Rodolphus born 1651. died 1652. 3. Charles William born Octob. 26. 1652. He succeeded his Father and is the now Prince of this Line He married Sophia Daughter of Augustus formerly President of Magdeburg June 18. 1676. by whom he had 1. John Augustus born July 20. 1677. 2. Charles Frederick born July 8. 1678. 3. Magdalen Augusta born Oct. 20. 1679. 4. Anthony Gunther born Nov. 11. 1653. 5. John Adolphus born Dec. 2. 1654. 6. John Lodowick born May 4. 1656. 7. Joachim Ernestus born 1657. died 1658. 8. magdalena Sybilla born 1658. died 1659. 9. Frederica born and died 1660. 10. Hedewig Maria Eleanora born and died 1662. 11. Sophia Augusta born March 9. 1663. 12. Albertus born and died 1665. 13. Augustus born 1666. died 1667. 14. A Daughter without Name 1668. Of the Augmentations of This Family § VII WE have already noted how Albertus Ursus was in the Year 1152. made Marquess of Brandenburg In 1180. Bernhard obtained the Dutchy of Saxony with the Electoral Dignity In 1630. Julius Henricus of Saxon Lawenburg got the Principality of Slackwerd in Bohemia in right of his Wife And about the Year 1650. John of Servestan had the Soveraignty of Jervan by the Bequest of Anthony Gunther Count Oldenburg Of its Decreasings § VIII IN 1315. the County of Ascania with the City of Aschersleben came to the Bishop of Halberstadt In 1322. the Country and Electorate of Brandenburg fell from this Family In 1418. it lost the Upper Saxony with that Electorship In 1640. William Duke of Brunswick in Lunenburg surnamed The Victorious took from it the County of Wolpe which yet remains in the Family In the next French War the King of France outed the Line of Servestan of the Soveraignty of Jervan and gave it up
to the King of Denmark which yet by an amicable Composition was restor'd again in August 1689. Yet the Family of Anhalt makes Pretension to the Dutchy of Lower Saxony vulgarly call'd Sachsen or Saxon-Lawenburg by the death of Julius Franciscus in 1689. the last Duke of Lower Saxony and of that Lineage CHAP. XVI Of the Family of Nassau and Orange § I. OF this Family there are some things to be enlarg'd on in regard the now King of England William Henry is descended from it But not to perplex our selves too much in searching out its Original which certain it is flourish'd in the IX Century it sufficeth at present if we take notice That from Walram and Otto Sons of Henry surnamed The Rich Earl of Nassau sprang two Capital Lines viz. that of Idstein afterwards call'd Saraepont from Walram and that of Dillenburg which now enjoys the Principality from Otto and therefore we shall confine our selves singly to that This Otto in the Division of the Patrimony had to his share the Counties of Dillenburg and Bielstien and left one Son Henry Father of Otto II. who married Adelheid Daughter of Godfrey Earl of Viand by whom he had John Father of Engelbert and Adolphus who died without Issue But Engelbert married very advantageously with Joan of Poland Daughter and Heir of Philip Baron of Leck and Breda who brought him John II. born Aug. 1. 1410. who by his Wife Mary Countess of Lohen and Heinsburg had Engelbert II. who died without Issue and John III. who by Elizabeth of the House of Hesse had two Sons Henry and William the Elder of whom and of his Posterity we shall speak Sect. III. § II. Henry born Aune 12. 1483. His first Wife Frances the Daughter of James Earl of being dead he took Claudia Daughter of John Cabillonius Prince of Orange 1515. who also dying 1521. he married Mencia Mendora Daughter of Radericus Marquess of Genett afterwards Duke of Calabria He had Issue by Claudia only to wit Renatus whom his Uncle Philibert Prince of Orange having no Issue of his own adopted and left him Heir of the Principality 1530. Renatus also dying without Children 1544. he bequeathed all to his Cousin-German William who being content with what he had in the Low-Countries and Orange gave up all beyond the Rhine to his Brother John and was a Prince worthy of all Memory His first Son was Henry Philip William who died without Issue 1618. by which means the Principality came to his Brother maurice a well-experienc'd Prince either for Peace or War He died April 23. 1625. but unmarried whereby having no legitimate Issue he was succeeded by his Brother Henry Frederick third Son of William the Younger whom after the death of the said Maurice the States of the United Provinces of the Low Countries made Stadt-Holder which he manag'd with a surpassing Courage and Conduct He died 1647. and by Amalia Countess of Solms who died in 1675. left Four Daughters 1. Louisa married Decemb. 7. 1646. to Frederick William Elector of Brandenburg died June 6. 1667. 2. Henrica Aemilia born Oct. 26. 1628. married 1648. to William Frederick Prince of Nassau and Hereditary Governour of Friesland now a Widow 3. Henrica Catharina born 1637. married 1658. to John George II. Prince of Anhalt 4. Mary born 1641. married to Lewis Herman Maurice Francis Palatine of Simmeren died in March 1678. by whom he had two Sons William and Lewis who died an Infant The former a magnanimous Prince how unfortunately soever he died Nov. 6. 1650. He was married in the Fifteenth Year of his Age to Mary eldest Daughter of Charles I. King of Great Britain who died Decemb. 24. 1660. From which Marriage but born after the death of his Father came William Henry born Novemb. 4. 1650. He was restored to the Dignity of his Ancestors in the Stadt-Holdership of the United Provinces 1672. and as born to greater was elected and proclaimed King of England Feb. 13. 1688. and thereupon Crown'd April 10. following and not long after declar'd King of Scotland He married Mary eldest Daughter of James Duke of York second Son of Charles I. and after the death of his elder Brother Charles II King of England with whom he now lives § III. We now now to John III. Son of William the Elder and Brother of William Prince of Orange He dwelt in the Castle of Dillenburg and had 25 Children of which 4 only are chiefly to be remembred in this place viz. John George Ernestus Casimier and John Lewis for from them sprang the several Lines of Siegen Dillenburg Diezen and Hademar on each of which the Emperour Ferdinand III. in the Diet of Ratisbonne March 3. 1654. conferr'd the Honour of having a Voice and Seat among the Princes of the Empire Of the Line of Siegen § IV. THe Beginner of this Line was John surnamed Medius Son of John III. who had 23 Children by two Wives but we shall first mention those of the Second Marriage 1. John Mauritius surnamed Americanus a Prince the most remarkable of our time He was Prior of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem Vicegerent of the Dutchy of Cleves and the Principality of Mindane c. Died Decemb. 20. 1679. in the 75th Year of his Age. 2. George Frederick he commanded the Prince of Orange's Regiment of Horse-Guards and died without Issue 1674. 3. Henry Governour of the City of Huy in Flanders and died first of his Brothers He had to Wife Mary Elizabeth Daughter of John Ernestus Earl of Limburg who died 1653. and by her 1. Frederick who in the Leagure of Maestricht got the Bloody Flux of which he died at Ruremond in Septemb. 1676. 2. William Maurice He was Colonel of a Regiment of Switz and General for the States of the United Provinces in the Low Countries He married Ernesta Charlotta Daughter of Adolphus Prince of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg Jan. 6. 1678. by whom he had one Son born Feb. 20. 1680. whose Name yet has not occurr'd to us 3. Sophia Amalia married to Frederick Casimier Duke of Courland She died Dec. 25. 1688. By his first Marriage he had two Sons John the Younger and William born of Magdalen Countess of Waldeck William was married to Christian Countess of Erpach but left no Son by her and died 1642. John went off to the Church of Rome and by Ernestina of Arenburg and after his death which was in 1638. left One Son and Two Daughters 1. John Francis Desideratus who serv'd the King of Spain and was by him made Knight of the Golden Fleece and in 1680. Governour of Gelderland in Lower Germany He was twice married First to Johanna Claudia Countess of Conigseck who died 1664. next to Maria Eleanora Sophia Daughter of Herman Fortunatus Marquiss of Baden who died 1668. From both which these only that I find got up to years 1. Mary Leopoldina married to Maurice Henry a Kinsman by the Father's side of the Line of Hademar She died
June 27. 1675. 2. Ernestina Eleanora 3. Clara Chiliana 4. Albertina Gabrielis 2. Ernestina married to Maurice Henry of the Line of Hademar She died Aug. 15. 1668. 3. Clara Maria first married to Henry Ernestus Prince of Lignitz and after that to Claudius Lamorald his Brother now a Widow Of the Line of Dillenburg § V. GEorge as we have already said Sect. III. was the Founder of this Family His first Wife was Anna Amalia a Neice of the House of Sarsbruck who brought him many Children of whom though only Lewis Henricus propagated the Line His Wives were three 1. Catharine Countess of Sainsem 2. Elizabeth the Rhinegrave 3. Sophia Magdalena a Coulin-German of the Line of Hademar By the first and second he had a numerous Progeny and of the third we shall only now reckon George Lewis Adolphus and Augustus who though young perform'd Actions beyond his Years and died Jan. 7. 1681. George Lewis married Anna Augusta Daughter of Henry Julius Duke of Brunswick and died May 19. 1656. of whom there are now living 1. Henry born Aug. 28. 1641. who married Dorothy Elizabeth Daughter of George Duke of Lignitz in Silesia and saw living from her 1. Sophia Augusta born April 18. 1666. 2. George Lewis born June 21. 1667. 3. Albertina born Aug. 8. 1668. 4. William born Aug. 28. 1670. 5. Adolphus born March 7. 1673. 6. Frederica Amalia born in Decemb. 1674. 2. Sophia Eleanora born May 2. 1640. unmarried 3. Charlotta born 1643. married 1665. to Augustus Earl of Lignitz and he dying in 1680. to Ferdinand Gobert Earl of Aspremont There remains Adolphus Uncle to Henry who was seated in Schaumburg where by Elizabeth Charlotta Daughter of Peter Earl of Holtzapfel he had Three Daughters 1. Ernestina Charlotta born 1662. married to William Maurice a Kinsman of the House of Siegen 2. Johanna Elizabetha born 1663. 3. Charlotta born 1672. Of the Line of Diezen § VI. THe first of this Line was Ernestus Casimier who succeeded his Brother William Lodowick in the Government of Friesland and Greeningen He was Major-General to the Consederate States of the Vnited Provinces and slain by a Shot at Ruremond in Guelderland June 5. 1632. His Wife was Sophia Hedewig of Brunswick who died 1642. by whom he had 1. Henry Casimier Governour of Friesland and Groeningen who was slain at the Sconce of Nassau in Flanders June 6. 1640. 2. William Frederick who succeeded his Brother in his Commands but unfortunately slain Oct. 13. 1664. for blowing into a Pistol to try if it were charg'd it went off and so wounded him that he died in three Days His Widow Henrica Aemilia of the House of Orange is yet living who brought him 1. Henry Casimier born Jan. 1657. He succeeded his Father in his Hereditary Dignities and married Henrica Amalia Daughter of John George II. Prince of Anhalt 2. Sophia Wilhelmina born 1664. and is yet unmarried Of the Line of Hademar § VII THis Line began in John Lodovick who went off to the Church of Rome and was by the Emperour Ferdinand II. made Chamberlain of the Empire Ferdinand III. made him of his Privy-Council and sent him Ambassadour to the Treaty of Westphalia He was the first of these Four Lines on whom the Honour of having a Vote and Sear among the Princes was conferr'd and died March 6. 1653. His Wife was Vrsula Countess of Lippen by whom he had Twelve Children seven of which were but short-liv'd The rest were 1. Johanna Elizabetha born 1619. married to Frederick Prince of Anhalt of the House of Hatzgerod died 1647. 2. Sophia Magdalena born Feb. 6. 1622. married to Lewis Henry a Cousin-German of the Line of Dillenburg died Feb. 6. 1659. 3. Maurice Henry born 1626. the Successor of his Father He married Ernestina Daughter of John the Younger a Kinsman of the Line of Siegen 1650. and after her death in 1668. Maria Leopoldina Daughter of John Francis Desideratus of the same Line who also dying he married Anna Lodovica Countess of Manderscheid and died Jan. 24 1679. leaving by the said Countess a large Progeny of whom yet these are only living 1. Francis Alexander born Jan 27. 1674. and bred under the Tuition of his Mother-in-Law and his Uncle 2. Albertina Johannetta born May 9. 1681. 4. Herman Otto born 1627. He was Bishop of Cologne c. and died July 26. 1660. 5. Francis Bernhard born Sept. 21 1637. Dean of the Chapter of Cologne as also of Strasburg CHAP. XVII Of the Family of Lorrain § I. WE have hitherto shewn besides the Regal the Principal Families of the Princes of Germany and come now to those of other Countries where in the first place the Family of Lorrain comes in our way which that it had the same Original with those of Austria Wirtenburg and Baden Antiquity gives us not the least reason to doubt For Gerhard descended of the ancient Landtgraves of Alsatia the old Family of Lorrain descended from Charlemaigne being extinct was created Duke of Lorrain by the Emperor Henry the Third An. 1048. His Wife was Hadwid of Namur by whom himself dying 1070. he left Two Sons Theodorick and Gerhard who was created Earl of Valdemont but his Posterity went out in Henry the Fourth Earl and his Niece Margaret who was married to Frederick of Lorrain of whom we shall soon speak again But Theodorick succeeded his Father in the Dutchy from whom in a right Line are descended the Dukes of Lorrain to Charles the First surnamed The Bold who dy'd 1430. and left no Son His Brother Frederick before mentioned married Margaret Countess and Heir of Joinville and Valdemont and brought back this County into his Family He was Slain at the Battle of Agincourt Oct. 25. 1415. His Son was Anthony Earl of Valdemont who had sharp Contests about the Succession to his Uncle with Renatus Andine King of Naples who had married Isabel the Daughter of Charles the Bold which came to Blows Andine was beaten and taken Prisoner 1431. and at last matters were so made up That Andine should give up his Right and his Daughter Jolantha in Marriage to Frederick the Son of Anthony by which means the said Frederick came at length to be the Successor of Charles the Bold He dy'd 1470. § II. The Son of Frederick was Renatus to whom no Duke of Lorrain was ever equal for Power and largeness of Territory He had hot Wars with Charles surnamed The Stout Duke of Burgundy Made his last Will 1506. by which he made his Sons Anthony and Claudius his Heirs as having design'd his other Sons to the Church and dy'd Dec. 8. 1508. By this disposition Claudius had the County of Aumale the Baronies of Guise and Joinville the Lordships of Elbeuf Maine c. but his Posterity fail'd in Francis Joseph the only Son of Lewis Joseph Duke of Guise Joyeuse and Augoulesine who dy'd 1675. There yet remain'd Mary the Sister of Lewis the Grandfather Dutchess of Guise and Joyeuse Princess of Joinville but she
which he took to Wife Isabel d' Este Daughter to Francis Duke of Modena who likewise is since dead As far as we can hear he has but one Son viz. Odoardus the Third lately married as is reported to Hedewig Elizabeth Amalia Daughter of Philip William Elector Palatine CHAP. XXII Of the House of Modena § I. THe Dukes of Modena are descended from the Ancient Marquesses of Este whose common Father was Hugo Lord of Padua and Marquess of Este Amongst the Descendants of this Lord we find one Borsus who was created Duke of Modena by the Emperor Frederick the Third and of Ferrara by Pope Paul the Second He was succeeded by his Brother Hercules the First who died in 1505. being succeeded by his Son Alphonso the First who by his Wife Lucretia Daughter to Pope Alexander the Sixth had Hercules the Second Duke of Mantua and Ferrara to whom the Government fell upon the death of his Father in 1534. His Son and Successor was Alphonso the Second who died without Issue in the Year 1597. § II. Now there was surviving at this time Caesar d' Este Son of Alphonso Marquess of Monte Casso natural Son to Alphonso the First Duke of Modena by Laura Eustachia a Woman of obscure Birth who afterwards got the name of Labella Ferratarina Duke Alphonso dying without Issue left this Caesar his Heir by the consent of the Emperors Maximilian the Second and Rodolph the Second But the Pope seized on Ferrara as a Fee Farm of the Church vacant by the death of the last Duke However he was Invested in that of Modena in the Year 1598. and was succeeded therein by his Son Francis the First who died 1656. leaving Issue 1. Alphonsus the Third who succeeded him and in 1655. married Laurentia Cardinal Mazarine's Niece by his Sister of which Match came Alphonso the Fourteenth the present Duke who was born 1656. and married a Princess out of the Family of the Barberini 2. Almerick Prince of Modena where he is at present we cannot so well say 3. Isabel married to Rainulius the Second Duke of Parma c. but some time since dead 4. Mary Eleanor Beatrix married in 73. to James the Second King of Great Brittain the now lives in France CHAP. XXIII Of the Family of the Dukes of Curland THe Dukes of Curland are Originally of Westphalia for Gothard the First Son to Gothard Redlar a Westphalian Knight and Grand Master of the Teutonick Order was created Duke of Curland and Semigallan by Sigismund King of Poland and begat James who succeeded in that Dukedom Duke James in 1645. married Charlotte the Daughter of George William Elector of Brandenburg who died in 76. having born him the following Issue 1. Frederick Casimier the present Duke who married Sophia Amalia of Nassau-Siegen on Dec. 25. 1688. by whom he has hitherto had only Two Daughters 2. Ferdinand a Noble and Valiant Prince Lieutenant-General in the Elector of Brandenburg's Army 3. Alexander Wounded with a Cannon-Ball at the Siege of Buda and died in his way towards Vienna 4. Lovise Elizabeth married to Frederick Landtgrave of Hesse of the Line of Hamburg 1671. 5. Mary Amalia married May 21. 1673. to Charles Landtgrave of Hesse of the Line of Cassel 6. Charlotte who as yet lives unmarried in the King of Sweden's Court. 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Bishop of Osenburg born Nov. 10. 1629. a Prince no less renowned in the Camp than Church He succeeded his Brother John Frederick in Calenberg and caused the States of that Principality as well as Subjects solemnly to do him Homage Oct. 22. and 23. 1680. In 1658. he took to Wife the Lady Sophia Daughter of Frederick the Fifth Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia which most happy Match has given Birth to a noble Issue whose Names are as follow viz. 1. George Lewis Prince Hereditary born May 28. 1660. who has given signal Proofs of his Courage both in the French and Turkish Wars On Nov. 21. 1682. he solemnly married his Cousin-Germain Sophia Dorothy aforesaid who was brought to Bed Oct. 30. in the following Year of 1. George Augustus as also of 2. William Erneste in 1685. 2. Frederick August Captain of the Guards in the Imperial Army against the Turks born Octob. 3. 1661. 3. Maximilian William Captain General of the Guards in the Venetian Army against the aforesaid Infidels born Dec. 14. 1666. 4 Sophia Charlotte born Oct. 20. 1668. and married to his most Potent and Serene Highness Frederick the Third the now Elector of Bavaria 〈◊〉 5. Charles Philip born Oct. 13. 1669. 6. Christian Sept. 29. 1671. And 7. Ernest August Sept. 17. 1674. Of the Augmentation of This Family § XVI IT has been already observed how Otho Henry Leo's Grandson after the decease of his Ancestors prevailed with the Emperor Frederick the Second to create him Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg An. 1235. See at large Henrici Meimbomii Hist Erectionis Ducatûs Brunsvicensis which is to be found in his Rerum Germanarum tom 3. pag. 203. Now there belonged to this Family at that time besides the Dutchy the Counties of Nordheim Lawenroden and Lutterberg with almost all Hercinia vulgarly called der Hark as also the Barony of Gottingen whereunto the City of Munde was added An. 1246. In 1255. Albert the Great made himself Master of Asseburg-Castle with all its Dependencies having beaten out the Barons then in Possession thereof as also of the Castle of Wolfembuttel by the same Methods having vanquished the ancient Lords of that Place To him likewise did the City Hamelen submit An. 1259. which till that time had belonged to the Abby of Fuld In 1305. there was an Accession of the Castle and District of Grubenhagen with all its Appurtenances and in 1311. upon putting down the Knights Templars it lay claim to the Town of Gittel In 1376. the County of Danneberg was bought by Otho the Fifth Duke of Brunswick of Nicholas last Count thereof The same Prince bought the Earldom of Wittenburg also An. 1320. Another Otho of this Family purchased the Town of Wallersleben An. 1337. and the Government of Bodenleich Ten Years after The same Prince possessed himself of the Town of Wittengen An. 1350. and of the Town and Castle of Hardeysen in 1380. In 1388. Bernhard the First took the Chatellany or Government of Klotze from the Barons of Quitzou He likewise subdued the Town and Castle of Snackenburg on the Elbe The same Prince by a Treaty with the Bishop of Hildesheim was put in Possession of the Praefecture and Castle of Burgdorff about the Year 1433. In 1435. William the Elder surnamed The Victorious annexed the County of Hallermund to his Family as a Fief void by the Death of the last Earl thereof Otho the Twelfth of Lunenburg had the County of Eberstein and Barony of Homburg in Dowry with his Wife William the Victorious purchased the County of Wunstorp for a certain Summ of Money An. 1646. The same Prince made himself Master of the Castle and Government of Hitzgar or Hitzacker An. Dom. 1468. William the Younger Duke of Brunswick Wolfembuttel bought Helmstadt of its Abbot in the Year 1490. In 1519. the County of Dasselen and many other Pieces of the Bishoprick of Hildesheim were annexed to this Family by right of Conquest In 1571. the Praefecture of Radolffshausen fell to Wolfgang Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg upon the decease of Diderick the last Noble Baron de Plesse In 1582. the County of Hoye returned to this Family as held in Fee as did that of Diepholt with all its Dependancies in 1585. In 1592. the Castle and Government of Gumbse were made over to it by the Barons of that Name In 1593. upon the death of the last Earl of Hohenstein that County fell in as also what remained of the County of Lutterberg particularly St. Andres with the Government and Castle of Schartzfeldt In 1599. there was an Accession of the County of Blanckenburg Duke George of the Line of Hanouer seized on the whole Bishoprick of Hildesheim as well as City of that Name Moreover by the Treaty of Osenburg An. 1648. this Family obtained a Right of Alternate Succession to that Bishoprick By the same Treaty the Monastry of Walckenried with its Dependencies were yielded to it In 1671. their most Serene Highnesses the Dukes of Brunswick totally reduced that City to their Obedience Lastly by the Treaty of Nimeguen with the Swedes An. 1678. the Governments of Tedinghusen and Doweren were given up to this House Of its Decrease § XVII AS to what relates to the Decrease of this Family Otho the Seventh Mortgaged Eisfeld and Duderstadt to Adolph Arch-Bishop of Mentz By the Treaty of Osenburg the Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg were obliged to restore the Bishoprick of Hildesheim to its ancient State and Government By the same Pacification the Lordships of Klettenberg and Lohr which heretofore belonged to the County of Hohenstein were also surrendred to the Elector of Brandenburg as Fiefs of the Principality of Halberstadt Of its Pretensions § XVIII THis Family lays Claim to Eisfeld and Duderstadt as only Mortgaged to the Bishoprick of Mentz which it likewise extends to the County of Reinstein as a Dependant of the County of Blanckenburg Moreover the most Serene Dukes of Brunswick and Lunenburg have lately taken Possession viz. An. 1689. of the Dutchy of Sax-Lawenburg having a just Pretension thereunto CHAP. XI Of the Family of Hesse § I. THat the Landtgraves of Hesse owe their Original to the Ancient Kings of the Francks and more especially to Charlemaigne is generally agreed on by most Writers yet are they often at a loss in making out the Series of Succession This is certain that about the Year 1255. Sophia the last Heiress of Hesse and Thuringe was married to Henry the Second Duke of Brabant and that upon the Death of her Brother Herman the Second after several Contests and sharp Wars with the Marquesses of Misnia about the Succession she obtain'd Hesse for her young Son Henry the First whom therefore we shall here set down as common Father of the present Landtgraves He was surnamed The Hessian and died Ap. 8. 1308. being succeeded by his Son Otho the First who settled the Right of Succession by Primogeniture in this Family and departed this Life about the Year 1326.
leaving Issue by Adelheid Countess of Ravensberg as follow viz. 1. Anne married to Albert Count Palatine of Saxony 2. Henry the Third surnamed Ferreus or Ironside who had only one Son that out-liv'd him named Otho and said to have died by Poison An. 1366. 3. Lewis of whom in the next Section 4. Herman who had Homburg assigned him and liv'd a Batchellor And 5. Otho Arch Bishop of Magdeburg deceased 1361. § II. Lewis after his Brother Henry's decease came to be Landtgrave and took to Wife the Lady Elizabeth of Sponheim who bore him 1. Herman the Learned deceased May 24. 1413. or as others 1414. having begot Lewis the Peace-maker who married Anne Daughter of Frederick the Warlike Marquess of Misnia and Elector of Saxony and departed this Life Jan. 17. 1457 8. leaving Issue 1. Lewis the Fourth born Sept. 7. 1438. of whom soon again 2. Henry the Fifth who begot William the Third surnamed The Younger who died without Issue 1522. 3. Frederick the First deceased a Youth 1464. And 4. Herman the Third Arch Bishop of Cologne deceased Nov. 28. 1508. Lewis the Fourth who succeeded his Father in the Government departed this Life Nov. 6. 1471. his Male Issue that out-liv'd him being 1. William the First who having had a sort of Love-Potion given him in Italy became ever after weak in his Understanding and unfit for the Government He died without Male Issue An. Dom. 1515. And 2. William the Second or The Midling who by reason of his Brother's incapacity took upon him the Government and died June 11. 1509. His Son and Successor was Philip the First surnamed The Magnanimous a Prince worthy the noblest Character He was born An. 1504. and at fourteen Years old or thereabout entred on the Government being declared of Age by the Emperor Maximilian the First In 1527. he brought the Reformed Religion into Hesse and Founded an University at Marpurg about some four Years after He took part with John Frederick Elector of Saxony against the Emperor Charles the Fifth Whereupon he was Proscribed and notwithstanding he was again reconciled to the Emperor by the Intercession of Duke Maurice the new Elector of Saxony yet was he after that clapt up in Prison contrary to the Emperor's Promise and kept there Five Years He departed this Life May 31. 1567. having had to Wife the Lady Christina Daughter of George Barbatus Duke of Saxony of the Albertine Line and by her a numerous Off-spring whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Anne born Oct. 26. 1526. married to Wolfgang Prince Palatine of Deux Ponts An. 1544. deceased July 16. 1591. 2. Agnes born May 31. 1529. and married after the decease of Maurice Elector of Saxony her first Husband to John Frederick the Second Dake of Saxony of the Albertine Line she died 1555. 3. William the Fourth born June 24. 1532 3 of whom in the next Section as Author of the Line of Cassel 4. Philip Lewis deceased an Infant 1534. 5. Barbara born Ap. 8. 1536. married in 1555. to George Count of Wurtenburg Mompelgart and after his decease to Daniel Count Waldeck She died 1568. 6. Lewis the Fifth born May 27. 1537. whose Residence was at Marpurg where he died without Issue An. Dom. 1604. 7. Elizabeth born Feb. 13. 1539. married to Lewis the Sixth Elector Palatine 1560. deceased March 14. 1582. 8. Philip the Second born Ap. 22. 1541. who kept his Court at Rheinfeld where he died without Issue Nov. 20. 1583. 9. Christina born June 29. 1543. affianced to Adolph Duke of Holstein-Getterp Dec. 17. 1564. deceased 1604. And 10. George the First born Sept. 10. 1547. of whom beneath in the Line of Darmstadt Of the Line of Cassel § III. WE now return to William the Fourth in whom the Line of Cassel began He was very well skilled in the Tongues and a great admirer of Astronomy He left no Stone unturned for his Father's Releasement whose Successor he afterwards was His Death bears Date Aug. 25. 1592. His Wife was Sabina Daughter of Christopher Duke of Wurtenberg Deceased August 17. 1581. And his Children that lived to be Men and Women were as follow viz. 1. Anne Mary born January 27. 1566. married to Lewis Count Nassau in Saarbrucken 1589. deceased 1626. 2. Hedewig born June 30. 1569. and married to Ernest Duke of Holstein of Schaumburg Family An. 1596. 3. Maurice the first born May 25. 1572. Of whom immediately And 4. Christina born Oct. 29. 1578. Affianced to John Ernest Duke of Sax-Eysnach 1598. deceased June 19. 1658. Maurice succeeded his Father and was a Prince of excellent Parts well acquainted with the Greek Latin Spanish Italian and French Tongues Wholly addicted to the Reformed Religion He had a Dispute with the Line of Darmstadt concerning the Succession to their Uncle Lewis of Marpurg's Inheritance In short he was of great Authority in the Empire and departed this life March 15. 1632. having given up the Government some five Years before to his Son William the Fifth His first Princess was Agnes of Solms deceased 1593. His other Juliana of Nassau of the Line of Dillenburg by which last Lady he had eighteen Children whose Names were as follow viz. 1. Otho the fourth born Decem. 25. 1594. Constituted Administrator of Hirsfeld An 1605. In 1612 he was present at the Emperor Matthias's Coronation and three Years after sent in his Father's Name to Complement the French King Lewis the thirteenth In 1617. he came to a violent and untimely end by being casually Shot Dead by a Musket Aug. 7 Nor left he any Is2ue by either of his Wives the first being Catharine Vrsula Daughter of George Frederick Marquiss of Baden-Durlach deceased Decem. 21. 1616. The other Agnes Magdalen Daughter of John George the first Prince of Anhault who died 1626. 2. Elizabeth born March 24. 1596. married to John Albert Duke of Meckleburg-Gustrow Anno 1618. deceased Decem. 16. 1625. 3. Maurice the second born 1600. deceased Aug. 11. 1612. 4. William the fifth born Feb. 14. 1602. of whom more in the next Section as Propagator of this Line 5. Philip the third born Nov. 26. 1604. who serv'd in the Danish Forces and fell at the Battle of Lutter in Barenburg Aug. 27. 1626. 6. Agnes born March 13. 1606. married to John Casimire Prince of Anhault-Dissaw Anno 1623. deceased May 28. 1650. 7. Herman the fourth born Aug. 15. 1607. who kept his Residence at Rottenburg on the Fuld where he died without Issue Anno 1658. 8. Juliana born Oct. 7. 1608. deceased Dec. 15. 1628. 9. Sabina born 1610. deceased 1620. 10. Magdalen born Aug. 25. 1611. and married to Erick Adolph Count Solms 1646. 11. Maurice the third born 1614. deceased 1633. 12. Sophia 1615. and affianced to Philip Count de Lippe Oct. 18. 1644. 13. Frederick the second born May 9. 1617. who had his Seat at Eschwegen Castle on the River Werra but serv'd the King of Sweden against the Poles by whom he was slain at Coslin a City in
Sophia married to John Elector of Saxony An. 1500. deceased July 12. 1503. 4. Anne to William Landtgrave of Hesse An. 1500. and after his decease to Otho Count Solms She died 1525. 5. Catharine the Wife of Henry Duke of Saxony of the Line of Albert deceased June 6. 1561. 6. Dorothy Lady Abbess of Reibnitz And 7. Albert the Seventh surnamed The Fair born May 3. 1487. deceased Jan. 10. 1547. His Wife was Anne Daughter of Joachim the First Elector of Brandenburg and his Eldest Son John Albert the First This John Albert was a very Learned Prince Governed his Provinces excellently well and departed this Life Feb. 2. 1576. leaving Issue by Anne Sophia Daughter of Albert Duke of Prussia and Marquess of Brandenburg 1. John the Seventh who being grievously opprest with Melancholy laid violent hands on himself at Stargart March 22. 1592. His Sons by Sophia Daughter of Adolph Duke of Holstein were 1. Adolph Frederick born Dec. 4. 1589. of whom in the next Section And 2. John Albert the Second born May 5. 1590. of whom more below in the Line of Gustrow Of the Line of Swerin § IV. JOhn Frederick was Author and Propagator of the present Line of Swerin This Prince was Proscribed with his Brother upon his siding with Christian the Fourth King of Denmark and had his Dutchy given to Wallenstein Duke of Friedland but was again restored to it by the Victorious Arms of Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden An. 1631. He departed this Life Feb. 24. 1658. being merely worn out by Age. His Wives were first Anne Mary Daughter of Enno Earl of East-Friesland who died 1634. And secondly Mary Catharine Daughter of Julius Ernestus Duke of Lunenburg and Brunswick deceased July 1. 1665. By these he had Issue 1. Christian Lewis the present Prince Regent born Dec. 1. 1623. who turned Catholick Oct. 29. 1663. and had the Order of the Holy Ghost conferr'd on him by the French King In the same Year he got himself divorc'd from Christina Margaret of Gustrow his Cousin-Germain and first Wife and married Isabel Angelia de Montmoreney the Duke de Chastillon's Widow but is like to have no Issue by her 2. Sâ—phia Agnes born Jan. 12. 1625. who leads a single Life and lately liv'd in Ruen Castle 3. Charles the born March 8. 1626. deceased without Issue Aug. 20. 1670. 4. Anne Mary born July 1. 1627. married to Augustus Administrator of Magdeburg 164 deceased 1669. 5. John George the First born May 5. 1629. who liv'd in Mirau Castle and married Elizabeth Eleanor Daughter of Anthony Ulrick Dake of Brunswick yet had no Issue surviving at his death which happened in the Year 1675. 6. Hedewig born 1630. deceased the Year after 7. Gustavus Rudolph born 1631. deceased May 14. 1670. having never had Issue by his Wife the Lady Erdmuth Sophia Daughter of Francis Henry Duke of Sax-Lawenburg 8. Juliana born 1633. deceased 1634. 9. Julian Sibil born 1636. as yet unmarried 10. Frederick born Feb. 13. 1638. who lived at Krabow with his Wife the Lady Christina Wilhelmina Daughter of Christopher Prince of Hesse Bingenheim by whom he left Two Sons surviving at his death which happened in April last Year viz. 1688. whose Names are Frederick William born March 13. 1675. And Charles born 1679. 11. Christina Lady Abbess of Gendersheim born 1639. 12. Bernhard Sigismand born and dead the same Year 1641. 13. Augusta born 1643. deceased 1644. 14. Mary Elizabeth born 1646. not yet married 15. Anne Sophia born Nov. 24. 1647. and married to Julius Sigismund Duke of Wurtenburg of the Silesian Line March 25. 1677. 16. Adolph Ernest born 1650. deceased the Year after 17. Philip Lewis born 1652. deceased 1655. 18. Henry William born and dead the same Year viz. 1653. And 19. Adolph August born 1650. who lives at present in the Castle of Strelitz and has taken to Wife his Cousin Mary Daughter of Gustavus Adolphus the present Prince Regent of Meckleburg-Gustrow by whom he hath a Son and as I think of his own Name Of the Line of Gustrow § V. THis Line began in John Albert the Second whom we mentioned in the end of the last Section He was of the Reformed Religion and ended his days in the Year 1636. His Wives were first Margaret Elizabeth Daughter of Christopher Duke of Secondly Elizabeth Daughter of Maurice Landtgrave of Hesse And Thirdly Eleanor Mary Daughter of Christian Prince of Anhalt By the first and second Ventures he had Nine Children whereof Five were short liv'd the other Four were 1. Sophia Elizabeth born 1613. married to Augustus Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg 1635. deceased 1676. 2. Christina Margaret born March 9. 1615. remarried after the decease of Francis Albert Duke of Sax Lawenburg her first Husband to Christian Lewis the present Duke of Meckleburg-Swerin deceased Aug. 16. 1666. 3. Anne Sophia born Sept. 29. married to Lewis Duke of Lignitz 1649. deceased Feb. 19. 1666. And 4. Gustavus Adolphus the present Prince Regent of the Line of Gustrow born Feb. 26. 1633. who hath taken to Wife Magdalen Sibil Daughter of Frederick Duke of Sleswick whom he married Nov. 28. 1654. and hath had Issue by her as followeth viz. 1. John born 1655. deceased 1660. 2. Eleanor born 1657. deceased 1672. 3. Mary born 1659. and married to her Cousin Adolph Gustavus of Swerin 4. Magdalen born July 4. 1660. 5. Sophia June 21. 1662. 6. Christina born Aug. 14. 1663. and married to Christian Lewis Count Stolberg An. 1683. 7. Charles the Second born Nov. 18. 1664. who in 1687. took to Wife the Princess Mary Amalia Daughter of Frederick William the Great Elector of Brandenburg yet died this excellent Prince on the 15th of March in the following Year and that without Issue 8. Hedewig Eleanor born Jan. 12. 1666. 9. Lovise Aug. 28. 1667. 10. Elizabeth Sept. 13. 1668. And 11. Augusta Dec. 27. 1674. Of the Augmentation of This Family § VI. WHat Lands Pribislaus the Second Duke of Meckleburg had granted him by Henry the Lyon Duke of Saxony has been already observ'd Afterwards the Lordship of Stargart was added to this Dutchy An. 1290. In 1301. Henry of Jerusalem subdued the City Weismar by force of Arms. In 1317. this Family had the Province of Rostock settled on it by the then King of Denmnrk Albert the Second having married the Daughter and Heiress of Otho Rosa the last Earl of Swerin of the Family of Barlenleb did in her right become possessed of the said County with the City Domitz An. 1355. In 1431. upon the death of the last Prince of the that Principality fell to our Family as next of Blood In 1648. it had likewise the Bishoprick of Swerin but with the Title of a Principality the Bishoprick of Ratzburg a Canonry of Magdeburg a Canonry of Halberstadt and two Commendum's belonging to the Order of St. John namely Mirau and Numerau settled upon it by way of Compensation for the loss of Weismar CHAP. XIII Of the Family of Wirtenburg §