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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A37429 The interests of the several princes and states of Europe consider'd, with respect to the succession of the crown of Spain, and the titles of the several pretenders thereto examin'd Defoe, Daniel, 1661?-1731. 1698 (1698) Wing D836; ESTC R4999 18,910 37

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part of the Treaty of Peace and so became a publick Stipulation between the two Kingdoms and an Act of the generality so that not the King and Queen of France only personally but the very Kingdom of France did solemnly concern it self in the Renunciation of an Union of the Crown of Spain as a thing not fit to be done for the Reasons expresly set down in the Preamble quoted before France having thus renounced the Crown and all Claim to the Kingdoms and Dominions of Spain the Second Daughter comes in with her Claim and Maria Teresia stands with respect to Spain as if she had dyed without Issue The Second Daughter of Philip the Fourth was Margaret Teresia married to Leopold the Sixth present Emperor of Germany by whom he had Three Sons and One Daughter which Daughter the Sons all dying young was married to the present Duke Elector of Bavaria and died in 1691 leaving him one Son to whom the Crown of Spain descends by a plain and direct Title founded on the Renunciation agreed on by the Pyrenean Treaty If the Son of this Princess dies without Issue the German Line of the House of Austria succeeds deriv'd from Ferdinand Brother to Charles the Fifth Son of Philip the First King of Spain who left Three Sons Maximilian Ferdinand and Charles Maximilian succeeded his Father in the Empire and left it to Rodulph the Second his Son and he dying a Batchelor Matthias his Second Son succeeded in the Empire and he also dying without Children Ferdinand the Second Son of Ferdinand the First was chosen Emperor who had several Children but all died without Issue so the Family was preserv'd in Charles the Third Son of Ferdinand the First who among Fifteen Children had one Son Ferdinand the Third of the Family but as Emperor was known by the Name of Ferdinand the Second who was Father to the Emperor Ferdinand the Third and he to the present Emperor Leopold the Sixth of the Family but the first Emperor of the Name whose Eldest Son Joseph is King of Hungary and King of the Romans whose Right to the Crown of Spain is Clear and Unquestion'd still founded upon the former Renunciation The Duke of Savoy has also some Pretension to the Crown of Spain as he is Great Grandson of Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy by Katherine Daughter to Philip the Second The Titles being thus discuss'd we come to examine how the several Interests of the Princes of Europe stand with respect to the Succession in case his Catholick Majesty should dye To begin with the Princes of Italy and first with Savoy The Dukes of Savoy have always upheld their Fortunes by the Antipathies of the powerful Princes by whom they are environ'd the Emperor Spain and France either of them singly have had both Power and Will to crush the Savoyard but neither enduring to let the other seize him he has ever had a Protector of ' the one when he has had an Invader of the other T is true this has often made his Country the Seat of the War and his very Capital City Turin has been alternately Garison'd by French Spaniards and Germans The present Duke is entirely in the French Interests and in a fair way to leave his Dominions in the French Possession having married his Daughter to the Hopes and Fortune of France But if he has yet any Sons it cannot be his Interest to have the Dutchy of Milan fall into the hands of the French who will then perfectly environ him in their own Territories Princes may take this of that Party with respect to Wars foreign to their own Dominions but in their own particular Cases they are always governed by their Interests If the Duke of Savoy has any regard to the Succession of his own Family he cannot but know that if the Kingdom of Spain falls into the hands of the French the Milanese does so also and he and his Successors are as absolutely in the power and at the dispose of the King of France as any Governor of a Province in his own Countrey and the powerful Assistance of the Spaniard is for ever sunk as to him so that it cannot consist with the Safety of the Duke of Savoy to have the French possess Spain 'T is true the Emperor may assist him but the Grisons must be ask'd leave to admit Succours through their Countrey which though they do generally grant yet such an Aid is remote and the Motions of the Germans very slow So that indeed to have the French possess'd of Spain is to put the Dukes of Savoy under an Absolute Dependance on the Power and Will of the Kings of France The Dukes of Mantua Parma and Modena with the Republick of Genoa will be in little better condition for the Countries of Savoy Piedmont and Milan have always been a Frontier to them to defend them from the Insults of the French as may very well appear by the care they took this last War to get rid of the French Garison in Casal In the South and East parts of Italy the Case will be little better for with the Crown of Spain the Kingdoms of Naples Sicily and Sardinia become likewise French the first of which admits them into the heart of Italy where they may shake hands with the Venetians on one side the Great Duke of Tuscany on the other and the Ecclesiastical Territories on 〈◊〉 other and the last gives him an entire Dominion over the whole Trade of the West part of the Mediterranean Sea In a word the Spanish Dominions in Italy falling into the hands of the French would so involve the whole Country that it would lie wholly at his Mercy and depend entirely upon his Favour and whoever gives himself leave to consult the Histories of the Wars in Italy the many attempts made by the Kings of France to get but a footing in that Delicious Country may with ease conclude what use they would make of so advantageous a Seisure as this Francis the First was the most eager Competitor with the Emperor Charles the Fifth for the Dominion of Italy and the Princes of Lombardy owe their present Establishment and Tranquility to the Success of the Emperor's Forces in that great Battel of Pavia for had King Francis gain'd that Battel 't is more than probable he had united all the North of Italy to his Crown and this very humour of King Francis who was a Warlike and an Ambitious Prince was the very reason why he was not Elected Emperor in the stead of Charles the Fifth lest he should either slight or attempt the subduing of the Petty-States of the Empire though they mended not the matter the very same Design being afterwards formed by Charles the Fifth whom they Elected at that time And thus 't is in Italy now the petty Princes of Italy are neither willing nor able to injure France and are very well satisfied with being screen'd behind the Milanese by the Spaniard and Savoyard from an