his approach was discover'd by the Enemy as they came down the Hills which put the whole Camp into much disorder and tumult but the Sacrifices being auspicious and the time absolutely obliging them to fight he drew out of the Trenches and fell in with their Vantguard and having routed them all the Army was in a Consternation so that a great many were cut off and some of the Elephants taken This success drew on Manius fighting into the Field and in plain Ground he totally defeated one Wing of the Enemy on the other hand being opprest by the Elephants and forced back to his Trenches he commanded out those who were left to guard them standing thick on the Ramparts all in Arms and fresh men these coming down from the Fort and charging the Elephants forc'd them to retire and in the Flight turning back upon their own men caus'd a huge disorder and confusion which at once brought the Romans both Victory and Empire for now having got the Fame of Invincible both for their Conduct and Courage and Glory as well in this Action as in a great many others they soon over-run Italy and not long after Sicily too Thus fell Pyrrhus from his Italian and Sicilian hopes after he had consum'd six Years in these Wars and though unsuccessful in his Affairs yet preserv'd his Courage unconquerable among all these Misfortunes and was held for Military Experience and Personal Valour and Undertaking much the bravest of all the Princes of his time but what he got by great Actions he lost again by vain Hopes and by new desires of what he had not kept nothing of what he had So that Antigonus used to compare him to one who at Dice threw excellently well but knew not how to make the best of his Game He return'd into Epirus with 8000 Foot and 500 Horse and for want of Money to pay them was fain to look out for a new War to maintain the Army Some of the Gauls joining him he fell into Macedon where Antigonus Son of Demetrius govern'd designing to plunder and waste the Country but after he made himself Master of several Towns and 2000 men came over to him he began to hope for something greater and adventured upon Antigonus himself and meeting him at a narrow Passage called the Straits put the whole Army in disorder but the Gauls who brought up Antigonus his Rear were very numerous and stood firm and a brisk Fight hapning the greatest part of them were cut off They who had the charge of the Elephants being surrounded every way delivered up both themselves and the Beasts Pyrrhus taking this advantage and advising more with his good Fortune than his Reason boldly set upon the main Body of the Macedonian Foot already surpriz'd with Fear and troubled at the former loss so that they declin'd any Action or Engagement with him and he holding out his Hand and calling aloud both to the Superiour and under-Officers by Name brought over the Foot from Antigonus who flying privately kept only some of the Sea-Towns Pyrrhus among all these kindnesses of Fortune thinking what he had effected against the Gauls the most advantageous for his Glory hung up their richest and goodliest Spoils in the Temple of Minerva Itonis with this Inscription These Shields of the brave Gauls Great Goddess I Offer to Thee gain'd in full Victory Over Antigonus 'T is no strange thing For Pyrrhus who from Aeacus does spring After this defeat in the Field he quickly took in the Cities and having Aegis in his Power beside other hardships put upon them he left in the Town a Garrison of Gauls some of those in his own Army who being insatiably desirous of Wealth instantly dug up the Tombs of the Kings that lay buried there and took away the Riches and insolently scatter'd about their Bones Pyrrhus in appearance made no great matter of it either deferring it by reason of other extraordinary business or wholly passing it by out of a fear of punishing those Barbarians but this made him hear very ill among the Macedonians and his Affairs being yet unsettled and brought to no firm Consistence he notwithstanding entertained new visionary hopes and in raillery call'd Antigonus Impudent that he had not put on a mean Habit but still wore Purple Cleonymus the Spartan arriving and inviting him to Lacedaemon he frankly embrac'd the Overture Cleonymus was of Royal Descent but seeming too Arbitrary and absolute had no great respect nor credit at home And Areus was King there This was the occasion of an old and publick grudge between him and the Citizens but beside that Cleonymus in his old Age had married a young Lady of great Beauty and Royal Bloud Chelidonis Daughter of Lectychides who falling desperately in Love with Acrotatus Areus his Son a Youth gay and airy render'd this Match both uneasie and dishonourable to Cleonymus for there was none of the Spartans who did not very well know how much his Wife slighted him so these Domestick Troubles added to his Publick discontent He brought Pyrrhus to Sparta with an Army of 20000 Foot 2000 Horse and 24 Elephants but so great a preparation made it evident to the whole World that he came not so much to gain Sparta for Cleonymus as to take all Peloponnesus for himself yet he expresly denied this to the Lacedaemonian Ambassadors that came to him to Megalopolis affirming he came to deliver the Cities from the Slavery of Antigonus and vowing to send his younger Sons to Sparta if he might to be inform'd with Spartan Education that so they might be better bred than all other Kings With these pretensions amusing those who came to meet him in his March as soon as ever he entred Laconia he began to plunder and waste the Country of which the Ambassadors complaining that he began the War upon them before it was proclaimed We know said he very well that neither you Spartans when you design any thing use to talk of it before-hand One Mandracidas then present told him in the broad Spartan Dialect An yau be a God do us no harm for wee'se harm none and if yau be a mon ther'se be some auther as stout as yau He now march'd away directly for Lacedaemon and being advised by Cleonymus to give the Assault as soon as he arrived Pyrrhus as 't is said fearing least the Souldiers entring by Night should plunder the City answer'd they might do it as well next Morning because there were but few Soldiers in Town and unprovided by reason of his sudden approach for Areus was not there in Person but gone to aid the Gortynians then in War and it was this alone that saved the Town because in regard of the small number of Soldiers and the scarcity of Provisions he despised it as not tenable and so imagining no Defence would be made sat down before it that Night Cleonymus's Friends and the Heilots his Domestick
PLUTARCH's Lives the thierd Volum THE Third Volume OF PLUTARCH'S LIVES Translated from the Greek BY SEVERAL HANDS LONDON Printed by R. E. for Jacob Tonson at the Judges-Head in Chancery-Lane near Fleet-street 1693. LIVES contained in this Volume PYrrhus translated by Dr. Croune Page 1. Cajus Marius Mr. Stapleton Page 70 Lysander Mr. Boyle Page 154 Sylla Mr. Davis Page 204 Cimon Mr. Morgan Page 284 Lucullus Mr. Thornburgh Page 327 Nicias Mr. Rymer Page 411 Crassus Mr. Amhurst Page 472 Eumenes Page 548 Sertorius Dr. Brown Page 575 A Chronological Table to the Third Volume of Plutarch's Lives  The Olympiad The Year of the Olympiad After the building of Rome After the Worlds Creation Before the Com. of Christ The Julian Period Pyrrhus 123 1 465 3662 286 4426 Caius Marius first time Consul 168 2 646 3843 105 4607 Lysander took Athens 93 4 348 3545 403 4309 Sylla Consul 173 1 665 3862 86 4626 Cimon overthrew the Persians 78 1 285 3482 466 4246 Lucullus 177 2 682 3879 69 4643 Nicias 91 1 337 3534 414 4298 Marcus Crassus first time Consul 177 3 683 3880 68 4644 Eumenes 114 2 431 3628 320 4392 Sertorius the Battel of Sucro 175 4 676 3873 75 4637 PYRRHUS THE LIFE OF PYRRHUS From the Greek By William Croune M. D. Fell. of the Coll. of Physicians VOLUME III. OF the Thesprotes and Molossians after the great Inundation the first King some write was Phaeton one of them who in Pelasgus's Company came into Epirus Others tell us Deucalion and Pyrrha having built a Temple at Dodona settled there among the Molossians In after time Neoptolemus Achilles's Son transplanting a Colony possess'd these Parts himself and left a Succession of Kings after him nam'd Pyrrhidae for he in his Youth was call'd Pyrrhus and of his Legitimate Children one born of Lanassa Daughter of Cleodes Hyllus his Son he nam'd Pyrrhus also From him Achilles came to have Divine Honours in Epirus under the name of Aspetus in the Language of the Country After these first Kings those of the following middle times becoming barbarous and so rendred both in their Governments and Lives obscure Tharrytes is said to be the first who by adorning Cities with Greek Manners and Learning and Laws acceptable to Mankind left any Fame of himself Alcetes was the Son of Tharrytes Arybas of Aleetes and of Arybus and Troas his Queen Aeacides He married Pthia the Daughter of Menon the Thessalian a very brave man living at the time of the Lamiac War and of highest Command in the Confederate Army next Leosthenes To Aeacides were born of Pthia Deidamia and Trojas Daughters and Pyrrhus a Son The Molossians afterwards falling into Factions and throwing off Aeacides brought in the Sons of Neoptolemus and such Friends of Aeacides as they could take were all cut off Pyrrhus yet an Infant and search'd for by the Enemy Androclides and Angelus had stol'n away and fled but being obliged to take with them a few Servants and the Women that nurs'd the Child it made their Escape more difficult and slow so being overtaken they deliver'd the Infant to Androclion Hippias and Neander faithful and able young Fellows giving them in charge with all imaginable diligence to reach Megara a Town of the Macedons and themselves partly by entreaty and partly by force stopt the course of the Pursuers till very late in the Evening at last having hardly forc'd them back they joyn'd those who had the care of Pyrrhus But the Sun being already set and they near the utmost point now of their hopes were on the sudden defeated for coming to the River that runs by the City it look'd very dreadful and rough and endeavouring to pass over they found it was not fordable for some late Rains had swell'd the Water and made it run very foul The darkness of the Night added to the horrour of all so that they durst not adventure of themselves to carry over the Child and the Women that attended it but perceiving some of the Country People on t'other side desir'd they would assist their passage and show'd them Pyrrhus calling out aloud and importuning them but they could not hear for the noise and roarings of the Water Thus time was spent while those call'd out and the others did not understand what was said till one recollecting himself pill'd off a piece of Bark from an Oak and writ on it with the tongue of a Buckle expressing the Necessities and the Fortunes of the Child and then rowling it about a Stone which was made use of to give force to the Motion threw it over to the other side some report they fastned it to the end of a Javelin and darted it over when they on the other Shore read what was on the Bark and considered the shortness of the time instantly cutting down some Trees and lashing them together came over to them it fell out he who first got a-Shore and took Pyrrhus in his Arms was named Achilles the rest were help'd over by others as they came to hand Thus being safe and out of the reach of pursuit they addrest themselves to Glaucias then King of Illyria and finding him at Court sitting with the Queen they laid down the Child before them The King began to weigh this affair fearing Cassander a mortal Enemy of Aeacides and being in a deep consideration said nothing for a long time while Pyrrhus scrambling about got hold with his hand on his Robe and so helping himself upon his feet against the knees of Glaucias first mov'd Laughter and then Pity as a little humble crying Petitioner Some say he did not lie groveling before Glaucias but catching hold of an Altar of the Gods and spreading his hands about it rais'd himself up by that which Action to Glaucias seem'd to have in it something of divine and immediately gave Pyrrhus into the Queen's Arms commanding he should be brought up with his own Children a little after the Enemies sending to demand him and Cassander himself offering two hundred Talents he would not deliver him up but when he was twelve years old bringing him with an Army into Epirus made him King Pyrrhus in the Air of his Face had something more of Fierce than of the August of Majesty he had not many Teeth but all above was one continued Bone divided with small Lines resembling the spaces of a Row of Teeth it was a general belief he could cure the Spleen by sacrificing a white Cock and with his right foot gently pressing upon the Spleen of the Persons laid down on their backs a little to one side nor was any so poor or inconsiderable as not to receive the benefit of his Royal Touch if he desired it after the Sacrifice he accepted the Cock as a Reward and the Present was almost welcome to him the Toe of that foot was said to have a divine Virtue for after his death the rest of the body being consum'd this was
found unhurt and untouch'd by the Fire but of these things afterwards Being now about Seventeen years old and the Government in appearance well setled he took a Journey out of the Kingdom to the marriage of one of Glaucias's Sons with whom he was brought up at which time the Molossions again rebelling turn'd out all of his Party riâ—â—ed his Exchequer and gave up themselves to Neoptolemus Pyrrhus having thus lost the Kingdom and in want of all things apply'd himself to Demetrius the Son of Antigonus that married his Sister Deidamia who while she was but a little Miss they us'd to call Alexander's Wife Son of Roxana but their Affairs after proving unfortunate when she came to Age Demetrius married her At the great Battle of Ipsus where so many Kings were engag'd Pyrrhus taking party with Demetrius tho' yet but a Youth routed those that encountred him and highly signaliz'd himself among all the Souldiery after when Demetrius's Fortunes were low he did not forsake him then but secur'd for him those Cities of Greece with which he was entrusted Upon Articles of Agreement made between Demetrius and Ptolomy he went over an Hostage into Aegypt and both in Hunting and other Exercises gave Ptolomy a lively demonstration of his Courage and Strength Here observing Berenice in greatest Power and of all Ptolomy's Wives highest in Esteem for Vertue and Understanding he made his Court and paid his respects principally to her for he had a particular Art of obliging the Great for his own Interest and easily overlook'd such as were below him In Dyet very elegant but temperate so that among all the young Princes then at Court he was thought most fit to have Antigone for his Wife one of the Daughters of Berenice by Philip before she marry'd Ptolomy After this Match advancing in Honour and Antigone being a very good Wife to him having setled a Fond of Money and rais'd an Army he so ordered matters to be sent into his Kingdom of Epirus and arriv'd there to the great satisfaction of many from their hate to Neoptolemas governing in a violent and arbitrary way But fearing lest Neoptolemus should enter into Alliance with some Neighbour Princes he came to Terms and Friendship with him in an equal share of the Government Sometime after there were those who secretly exasperated them and fomented Jealousies of one another The cause chiefly moving Pyrrhus is said to have had this beginning It was customary for the Kings in Parasso a Province of Molossia after Sacrifice to Mars to enter into a solemn Covenant with the Epirots they to Govern according to Law these to preserve the Government as by Law establish'd This was performed in the presence of both Kings who were there with their particular Favourites giving and receiving many Presents Here Gelon one faithful to Neoptolemus taking Pyrrhus familiarly by the hand presented him with two pair of draught Oxen these Myrtilus his Cup-bearer being then by begg'd of Pyrrhus who not giving them to him but another Myrtilus extremely resented it which Gelon took notice of and inviting him to a Treat where as some report he debauch'd him too after drinking being in the Flower of his Youth he entred into discourse perswading him to adhere to Neoptolemus and destroy Pyrrhus by Poyson Myrtilus receiv'd the Design as praising and consenting to it but indeed privately discovered it to Pyrrhus by whose Command he recommended Alexicrates his chief Cup-bearer to Gelon as a fit Instrument for their Design because Pyrrhus was very desirous to have proof of the Plot by several Evidences so Gelon being deceiv'd Neoptolemus who was as much deceiv'd by him and imagining the Design went prosperously on could not hold but for Joy vented it among his Friends and once at an Entertainment at his Sister Cadmia's spoke very frankly of it thinking none heard but themselves Nor was any there but Phenaretate the Wife of Samon who had the care of managing Neoptolemus's Flocks and Herds She being turn'd towards the Wall upon a Pallet seem'd fast asleep but having heard all that past unsuspected next day came to Antigone Pyrrhus's Wife and told her what she heard Neoptolemus say to his Sister which Pyrrhus understanding for the present said little but on a Sacrifice day making an Invitation for Neoptolemus kill'd him being satisfied before that the Great men of the Epirots were his Friends advising him to rid himself of Neoptolemus and not love one who shar'd the least point in the Government with him but follow his own inclination in undertaking his greater Designs and a just ground of suspicion already appearing prevent Neoptolemus by taking him off first In memory of Berenice and Ptolomee he nam'd his Son by Antigone Ptolomee and having built a City in the Peninsula of Epirus call'd it Berenicis From this time he began to revolve many and vast things in his thoughts but his first hope and design was particularly laid near home and he found means to engage himself in the Macedonian Affairs under this pretension Of Cassander's Sons Antipater the eldest both kill'd Thessalonica his Mother and expuls'd his Brother Alexander who sent to Demetrius entreating his assistance and also call'd in Pyrrhus but Demetrius being retarded by multitude of business Pyrrhus coming first demanded in reward of his Service the City of Nymphaea and the Sea-Coasts of Macedon and of their new Conquests Ambracia Acarnania and Amphilochia The young Prince giving way he took possession of these Countries and secur'd them with good Garrisons and kept for Alexander himself the other part of the Kingdom which he gain'd from Antipater Lysimachus designing to send aid to Antipater was involv'd in much other business but knowing Pyrrhus would not disoblige Ptolomee or deny him any thing sent pretended Letters to him as from Ptolomee desiring him to give over that Expedition upon the payment of 300 Talents to him by Antipater Pyrrhus opening the Letter quickly discover'd the fraud of Lysimachus for it had not the accustom'd Stile of Salutation The Father to the Son health but King Ptolomee to Pyrrhus the King health and reproaching Lysimachus he notwithstanding made a peace and they all met to confirm it by a Solemn Oath upon Sacrifice a Goat a Bull and a Ram being brought out the Ram on a sudden fell dead which although some only laugh'd at Theodotus the Priest forbid Pyrrhus to swear declaring Heaven by that portended the death of one of the three Kings upon which he refused to ratifie the peace The Affairs of Alexander being now in some kind of Settlement Demetrius arriv'd and 't was evident he came undesir'd and struck a Terrour into Alexander after they had been a few days together their mutual Jealousie made them design upon each other but Demetrius taking advantage of the first occasion was before hand with the young King and slew him and proclaim'd himself King of Macedon There had been formerly no very good understanding
Personage is harder and so more valuable than to hit the Lines of his Face we will put Lucullus his Life amongst our Parallels of Illustrious Men. Wherein we will not use one stroke of Flattery but keep close to the Truth It is sufficient we shew how we preserve a grateful Remembrance of his generous Kindness and he himself would not expect that in recompence of that Service which consisted in speaking the Truth we should abuse his Memory with a false and counterfeit Narration For as we would that a Painter who is to draw a beautifull Face in which there is yet some Imperfection should neither wholly leave out nor entirely express what is defective because this would deform it and that spoil the Resemblance so since it is very hard nay almost impossible to shew the Life of a Man wholly free from Blemish let us in the same manner follow Truth But if any Lapses occur which have been occasioned by the Emotions of a sudden Passion or the necessity of the Times let us look upon them rather as Defects of Vertue than as Vices let us carry the Pencil gently over them out of respect to Humane Nature which never furnished any Man with so many good Inclinations to Vertue but that there was somewhat still wanting which rendred him Imperfect Considering with my self to whom I should compare Lucullus I find none so exactly his Parrallel as Cimon They were both valiant in War and successful against the Barbarians but affable and courteous to their Fellow-Citizens Both extinguished the Civil Broils at home and gained signal Victories abroad In short no Greek before Cimon nor Roman before Lucullus ever carried the Scene of War so far from their own Country unless we except the Exploits of Bacchus and Hercules those of Perseus against the Aethiopians Medes and Armenians and the Acts of Jason if of these any Monuments that deserve Credit are derived down to our days Moreover in this they were alike that they finished not the Enterprises they undertook They brought their Enemies near their Ruin but never entirely defeated them There was yet a greater Conformity in their Nature for the Civility and generous Reception they shewed to all Strangers and the splended Provisions of their Tables But we will omit those other good qualities in which they were alike for 't will be easie to observe them in the following Relation Cimon was the Son of Miltiades and Hegesipyle who was by Birth a Thracian and Daughter to the King Olorus this appears from the Poems of Melanthius and Archelaus which they both write in praise of Cimon By this means the Historian Thucidides was his Kinsman by the Mother's side for his Father's name also was Olorus and possessed Mines of Gold in Thrace and was killed in Scaptahyla a District of Thrace so called from its being full of Ditches His bones were afterward brought into Attica and his Monument is shown amongst those of the House of Cimon near the Tomb of Elpinice Cimon's Sister But Thucidides was of the Tribe of Alimus and Miltiades of that of Lacia Miltiades being condemned in a Fine of fifty Talents to the State and unable to pay it was cast into Prison and there died Thus Cimon was left an Orphan very young with his Sister Elpinice who was also young and unmarried At first he had no Reputation being looked upon Riotous and one who lived a dissolute Life as in reality he did therefore they said there was an Agreement of Temper as well as Appellation betwixt him and his Grand-father whose name was Cimon too but they Proverbially called him for his Stupidity Coalemos the Ideot Stesimbrotus of Thassus who lived near about the same time with Cimon reports of him that he had little docility that they could never teach him Musick nor the Rudiments of any other Science which were so easily learned by the young Gentlemen of Athens That he wanted a Vivacity of Parts requisite for Conversation was ungentile in his Carriage neither had he any Capacity to manage serious Affairs However that there appeared in him something that was great and that he had such a plain openness of Humour that you would have taken him rather for a Native of Peloponnesus than Athens He being such an one as Euripides describes Hercules Accomplishment of Carriage he did want But he was honest tho not Elegant For this Character may well agree with that which Stesimbrotus had given of him They accused him in his younger years that he incestuously caressed his own Sister Elpinice who otherwise had no very great Reputation for Chastity However if her Brother was not her Gallant 't was reported that Polynotus was For when he painted the Trojan Dames in the Porch then called Plesinaction now Paecile he drew Laodice by her Face He was not an ordinary Mechanick to be payed for his Work But studying all ways to please tho Athenians he bestowed it freely on the Publick This all the Historians report of him and the Poet Malanthius particularly in these Verses This famous Painter at his own Expence Gave Athens Beauty and Magnificence New Life to all the Heroes did impart Embellish'd all the Temples with his Art The Splendour of the State restor'd again And so he did oblige both Gods and Men. Some do affirm that Elpinice did not dissemble her Familiarities with her Brother But lived publickly with him as if she had been his Wife For though she was no Fortune yet he could meet with none that was an equal Match for her by reason of the Quality of her Birth But afterward when Callias one of the richest Men of Athens fell in Love with her and proffered to pay the Mulct the Father was condemned in if he could obtain the Daughter in Marriage Cimon accepted the Condition and betrothed her to Callias There is no doubt to be made but that Cimon was of an amorous Complexion For Melanthius gives him hints of his Tendency that way when in his Eulogies he facetiously rallies him for his Mistresses The one was called Mnestra and the other was Aristeria of Salamis and these the Poet saith he was very fond of However this is certain that he loved his Wife Isodice very passionately she was the Daughter of Euryptolemus the Son of Megacles Her death he regretted even to impatience as appears by those Elegies of Condolance addressed to him upon his loss of Her The Philosopher Panaetius is of Opinion that Archelaus was the Author of those Elegies and indeed the time seems to favour that Conjecture But take Cimon in all his other Capacities you shall find nothing in him that is justly blameable but rather all the Customs of his Life were very good For as he was as daring as Miltiades and not at all inferiour to Themistocles for Judgement so he was incomparably more just and honest then either of them As he was equal to them in understanding and in discharging all the Functions of a Commander so for the
and minded his Business with the least application there had been no Grecian Commander either before or after him that could have surpassed him for Exploits of War He was indeed a Favourer of the Lacedaemonians even from his Youth and Stesimbrotus reports That of two Sons Twins that he had by a Woman of Clitorium he named one Lacedemonius and the other Eleus Whence Pericles often upbraided them with the Race of their Mother But Diodorus the Geographer doth assert That both these and another Son of Cimon's whose Name was Thessalus were born of Isodice the Daughter of Euryptolemus the Son of Megacles However this is certain that Cimon was countenanced by the Lacedaemonians in opposition to Themistocles whom they hated and while he was yet very young they endeavoured to raise and encrease his Credit in Athens This the Athenians perceived but dissembled their knowledge of it for the Favour of the Lacedaemonians shewed him was at that time advantageous to them and their Affairs who were then Practising with the Allies to win them over to their side So they seemed not at all offended with the Honour and kindness shewed to Cimon for he then bore the greatest sway in the Affairs of Greeee was kind to the Lacedaemonians and Courteous to the Allies But afterwards the Athenians grown more powerful when they saw Cimon so entirely devoted to the Lacedaemonians they began to be angry for he would always in his Speeches preferr them to the Athenians and upon every occasion when he would reprimand these for a Fault or incite them to Emulation he would Cry The Lacedaemonians would not do thus This raised the discontent and got him the hatred of the Gitizens But that which ministred chiefly to the accusation against him fell out upon this Occasion In the fourth year of the Reign of Archidamus the Son of Zeuxidamus King of Sparta there hapned in the City of Lacedaemon the most dreadful Earthquake that ever was known in the Memory of Man the Earth opened into most frightful Abysses and the top of the Mountain Taygetus was so shaken that the hanging Rocks and abrupt prominent Parts of it fell down and except five Houses all the Town was shattered to pieces They say That a little before any Motion was perceived as some young Men were exercising themselves in the middle Portico an Hare of a sudden started out just by them which some of them tho all naked and daubed with Oyl run after shouting no sooner were they gone from the place but the Gymnasium fell down upon them that were left and killed them all In memory of this fatal Accident the Monument where they were afterwards interred is to this day called Sismatias that is The Tomb of those who were killed by the Earthquake Archidamus by the present danger made apprehensive of what might follow and seeing the Citizens intent upon removing the richest of their Goods he commanded an Alarm to be sounded as if their Enemies were comming upon them that they should presently with Arms resort to him 'T was this alone that saved Sparta at that time For the Helotes were got together from the Country about with design to surprise the Spartans and spoil those whom the Earthquake had spared But finding them Armed and well prepared they stole away into their Towns and openly made War with them having drawn into Confederacy not a few of their Neighbours and together with them the Messenians fell upon the Spartans who therefore dispatch'd Periclidas to Athens to sollicite for Succours of whom Aristophanes mocking said Go to the Altars and there prostrate lie And clad in Purple Robes demand Supply This Ephialtes opposed protesting that they ought not to raise up or assist a City that was Rival to Athens but that being down it were best to keep her so and break the Pride and Arrogance of Sparta But Cimon as Critias relates preferring the Safety of Lacedaemon to the Grandeur of his own Country so perswaded the People that he soon marched out with a great Army to their Relief Ion reports the Speech he used to move the Athenians That they should not suffer Greece to be maimed by the loss of so considerable a Member nor their own City to be deprived of her Companion In his return from aiding the Lacedaemonians he passed with his Army through the Territory of Corinth Whereupon Lachartus reproached him for bringing his Army into the Country without first asking leave of the People For he that knocks at another Man's Door ought not to enter the House without the Master's leave But you Lachartus said Cimon did not knock at the Gates of the Cleonians and Megarians but broke them down and entred by force thinking that all should be open to the Powerful And having thus rallied the Corinthian he passed on with his Army Some time after this the Lacedaemonians sent a second time to desire Succours of the Athenians against the Messenians and Helotes who had seized upon Ithone But when they came the Spartans fearing their Courage and Resolution of all that came to their Assistance they sent them only back alledging they were turbulent and seditious The Athenians returned home enraged at this Usage and vented their Anger upon all those who were Favourers of the Lacedaemonians therefore upon some slight occasion they banished Cimon for ten years which is the time prescribed to those that are banished by the Ostracism In the mean time the Lacedaemonians intending to free Delphos from the Phoceans brought an Army to Tanagra whither the Athenians presently marched with design to fight them Cimon also came thither armed and ranged himself amongst those of his own Tribe which was that of Aeneide but the Council of five hundred being informed of this and frighted at it his Adversaries crying out he would disorder the Army and bring the Lacedaemonians to Athens Commanded the Officers not to receive him wherefore Cimon left the Army conjuring Euthippus the Anaphlystian and the rest of his Companions who were also suspected as favouring the Lacedaemonians to behave themselves bravely against their Enemies and by their Actions make their innocence evident to their Country-men These being in all an hundred took the Arms of Cimon and followed his advice and making a Body by themselves they charged so desperately upon the Enemy that they were all cut off leaving to the Athenians a deep regret for the loss of such brave Men and repentance for having so unjustly suspected them Whereupon they did not long retain their severity toward Cimon partly upon remembrance of his former services and partly constrained by the juncture of the times For being defeated at Tanagra in a great Battle and fearing the Peloponnesians would come upon them at the opening of the Spring they recalled Cimon by a decree of which Pericles himself was Author so reasonable were Mens resentments in those times and so moderate their Anger that it always gave way to the publick good even Ambition the