footman strucke off his head Presently after Count Horne with the same constancy was by the same Executioner beheaded both their heads being for two houres set upon two speares for the City to behold Their Bodyes were immediately carryed into the next Churches and the day after together with their Heads sent to the chiefe Cityes of their owne Provinces and there honourably buryed The miserable Death of Count Egmont for he was generally beloued was lamented by the Low-countrymen with greater Spleene then Sorrow Some whereof despising danger dipt their handkerchers in his bloud and kept them either as Monuments of Love or Incitements to Revenge Others kissed his leaden Coffin and without any feare of an Informer publiquely threatened Vengeance Insomuch as diverse Person noting the Low-countrymen's Violent affections to his Memory and their detestation of the very name of Alva said that by Egmonts death the Confederates were first established and foretold that all the Lowcountreys would in a short time contrary to the Duke's Expectation be involued in Tumults This Prediction gave credit to the report that presently after it rained bloud in the Fields about Lovain the Multitude easily believing what their Hatred supposes to be done in Heaven And indeed there are that doubt not but it would have beene more policy in the Duke to have made their Execution private and not presented that distastfull Scene and Pompe of Egmont's Tragedy to the people For they doe ill that make the Favourers and Pittyers of the Cause Spectators of the Punishsment But Alva resolving to make an Example of Terrour which hee then thought necessary slighted Hate or Envy It is reported the French Embassadour who privatly beheld the Execution wrote to King Charles that he had seene in the Market-place at Bruxells his head struck off whose Valour had twice made France tremble intimating the losse of the French Nobility at Saint Quintin and Graueling the first of which Battailes was almost the second altogether purchased by the Courage and conduct of Count Egmont He dyed in the fortie sixth yeare of his age leaving by Sabina of Bavier to whom he was married at Spires in presence of the Emperour Charles the fifth eight Daughters and three Sons the eldest inheriting his Fathers Vertues the second nothing but his Hatred to the Spaniard the third who was faithfull to the King only left Issue to the Family He had a Brother that followed the Emperour Charles into Africa and dyed in Italy a Sister marryed to Count Vadamont Mother to Frances Wife to Henry the third of France The Nobility of his House was antient their Power much greater once when the Dukes of Egmont were Lords of Gelderlandt He tooke his name from Egmond a Towne in the farthest part of Holland neare the westerne Shore of which he still wrote himselfe Count though he was Prince of Gavera a Towne upon the banke of Schelt not farre from Gant Charles the fifth created him knight of the Golden-Fleece King Philip trusted him with the Governement of the most noble Provinces of Flanders and Artois He was a man for the Heroicall Vertues of his mind and body worthy a farre better Fate though the very infelicity of his Death as Compassion looks upon all things through a multiplying Glasse did not a Little increase the opinion of his Vertues Nor was it any disadvantage to his Children restored by King Philip to all their Father 's personall and reall Estate But Philip Count of Horne who was likewise Knight of the Golden-Fleece dyed foure yeares elder then Count Egmont his Brother the Lord Montiny being for the same Cause condemned and beheaded in Spaine whither he was by the Governesse sent Embassadour with the Marquesse of Bergen Nor was Count Horne of a lesse noble family then Count Egmont being descended of the French Momorancyes and had courage equall to his Honour as appeared at the Battaile at Saint Quintin and in the magnificent discharge of two great offices of Admirall and Captaine of the life Guard Hee first tryled a Pike under the Emperour Charles the Fifth to whom he was a Subject for Horne an Imperiall Castle betweene Gelderland and Brabant whence he had his Title of Count though he was possessed of many other Townes and Castles within the Kings Dominions Indeed his death could not have beene moderately lamented but that Egmont had consumed all men's Teares After this the Duke of Alva resolved to move speedily to Friezland sending before with part of his Forces Chiapino Vitelli his Campe-Master-Generall who entring the Groine Valiantly defended that Towne against Lewis of Nassau that sate downe before it Then the Duke in person having payed a Souldiers Duty to Count Aremberg and with the sad Military Ceremonies waited on him to his Grave went about the end of Iune from Bruxells to Antwerp leaving Gabriel Serbellonio there in Garrison with eight Companyes of Germans for defence of the Fort and Towne At the Bus he stayed till Cressonerius came up with seaenteene Field-pieces marching thence in the beginning of Iuly he passed the Mose at Grave from thence he went to Arnhem in Gelderland and so to Daventry in Over-Ysell where he rested a while till his Scouts should bring word if the Bridges wer strong enough to beare the weight of his Cannon they had not rid farre but hearing Drummes beate a pretty way off and presently discovering foure Ensignes they galloped back to the Duke and told him the Enemy was coming hard at hand though he could not well believe it yet because his Scouts of several Nations brought the same Intelligence he forthwith commanded his Colonells and Feild Officers to set his men in Battalia and sent out others to discover the Enemyes nearer Aproaches and their number These were no sooner in the Field but they saw foure gallant Banners displayed and as many Waggons covered with Canvasse and greene Boughes in which a Bride marryed that morning who dreamed not of a warre was riding towards the next Village with a great sort of countrey fellowes leaping and playing about her When this Newes was brought to the Army they made not better Sport at the Folly of the Scouts then they did at the simplicity of the Country people when an Army was so neare them and all that suddaine preparation for a Warre being changed into Mirth they entertained the Bride in her passage with a Volly of Musket-Shot The memory of this Accident is still fresh in the mouthes of the Wallons who ever when they send out their Scouts if they shew any Feare in their Returne aske them in a military Ieere if they have seene the Bride But the Duke of Alva angry at this delay and sharply rebuking them that were the Causes entred the Groin on the fifteenth of Iuly about Noon-day and at that very houre without alighting or changing of his Horse he himselfe attended with a few others rode
he would never have touched the maid and therefore commanded her delivery should be kept private as well to preserve the Mothers honour as his own For the Emperour was not prodigall of his fame in this kind nor with pomp and ceremony brought his by-blows on the stage But the secret lay not long in the Embers being gossiped out by a woman employed as a necessary instrument in such cases She imparted it to her husband he with the same secresie told it to a friend of his for every one hath some he trusts as much as others can trust him just like the rain on the house top which falling from one tile to another and so from gutter to gutter at last is spouted into the high way For when many are of counsel in a business what was every ones secret becomes a rumour to the people Nor did the Mother think it amiss after she was known to have a child that the father of it should be likewise known as if her fault should be lessened by the greatness of his name And shortly the child appeared to be of the House of Austria by her Princely education The Low-Countreys were then governed for Charles the fifth by his Aunt Margaret Daughter to the Emperour Maximilian the first and Mary Dutchess of Burgundy The Emperour bred the Infant in the Court of his Aunt under whom he himself in his infancy had been educated Till she was eight years old the child was fostered in the bosome of that Princess After whose decease she was sent to Mary Queen of Hungary sister to Charles the fifth who being left a widow by King Lewis had the government given to her And her neece Margaret grew so like her not onely in her private and publick virtues but by observant imitation the child had the happiness to get her very sense and propensions her gravity and meen The Governess was much delighted in the sport of Hunting whereupon they commonly called her the Forestress as the true Neece to Mary Dutchess of Burgundy that constantly followed the Chase till by a fall from her horse she got her death This Fate appears not onely to be her own but to relate to Maximilian whose other wife Blanca Sforza while she was hunting was likewise thrown from her horse and killed The Dutchess of Parma was so taken with this sport and had so hardened her body with exercise that she fearless galloped after her Aunt over the lawns and through the woods before she was ten years of age As she grew in years she grew to exceed her Mistress in horsemanship she was then betroathed the second time to Alexander Medices of Florence she and her first husband Hercules Prince of Ferrara having never bedded For the Emperour that he might win Alphonso father to Hercules from the French from whom he was offered great conditions by Pope Clement the seventh Courted him upon the self same terms confirming him in the Principality of Mutina and Regio and espousing his Daughter Margaret then hardly four years old to Alphonso's eldest sonne Hercules By these espousals the Emperour gained Alphonso as the necessity of his affairs required But a while after he being drawn again to side with the French and his Sonne Hercules married to Renata Daughter to Lewis King of France The Pope upon his reconcilement with the Emperour among other articles of Peace agreed that Alexander Medices son to that Laurence whom Leo the tenth deposing Feltrio had created Duke of Florence should be settled by the Imperiall Army in the Florentine Principality and that to confirm him therein the Emperour should bestow upon him his Daughter Margaret in marriage Which conditions Cesar willingly signed partly out of respect to his Holyness whose injury he seemed to cancell by this benefit partly in hatred to the Florentines that entering into the Lotrechian association against the Emperour had put their City under the French Kings protection Alexander was forthwith possessed of Florence and the Florentines dispossessed of their liberty But the marriage was not compleated till seven years after Pope Clement being then deceased Nay the match by occasion of the Popes death came into a possibility of breaking upon the solicitation of some great men in Florence who by that seven years protraction imagining the Emperour wavered in his resolution treated with him on great hopes and promises not to admit of Alexander for his son in law but to restore the City to its freedome which they would onely hold of the Emperour But Cesar having past his promise to the Pope in his life time thought himself bound in point of honour to make it good after the Popes decease Especially because he suspected that the Florentines leaned towards the French Nor was he ignorant that a benefit more easily obliges particulars then a multitude and that favours scattered in publick are received by all returned by none The Emperour therefore sending for Alexander from Florence to attend him at Naples and to the Low-Countreys for Margaret who longed to see her Father returned from the Warre of Tunis at a Convention of the Estates and a great concourse of strangers the marriage was celebrated with military Revells wherein the Emperour himself ran a Tilt habited like a Tauny-moor But Margaret being received at Florence as their Dutchess and the Nuptiall solemnities iterated there a great part of the body of the sunne was darkened at the Feast and terrified the Guests Many held it to be ominous who looking with discontented eyes upon the present state and making the heavens speak according to their wishes compared the Dukes fortune to the sunnes splendour suddenly eclipsed Nor did their conjecture fail them for Alexander by the Emperours affinity grown proud and therefore careless fell intemperately to love women and so impolitickly that being secure from forrein force he was with the bait that pleased him easily intrapped by his kinsman Lorenzo Medices of Counsell with him in his pleasures and in hope or under pretence of restoring Florence to her liberty in the seventh year of his Principality before he had been a full year married he was slain His successour Cosmo for the Duke died but not the Dukedome in the first place humbly addressed himself to the Emperour for his consent that he might marry his daughter Princess Margaret thinking it would be a great support to his new and shaking power But Cesar resolved to make his best advantage of his daughters marriage having already obliged the house of Medices by establishing that family in the Dukedome of Florence and having likewise laid an obligation upon Cosmo himself by confirming though many opposed it the Principality upon him sought a son in law among the Farnezes then Princes and gave his daughter Margaret in marriage to Octavio nephew to Pope Paul the third and at that time created Prefect of
of the citizens were so incensed as that searching the Town for Spaniards by chance they met a servant of Hieronimo Boda a Spanish Senatour whom the Low-countreymen hated above all the rest because he had in many things been the Governour Requesenes his instrument and at that time stoutly spake for the King in Senate this poor Servingman they slew fouly mangling his body and would have fallen upon Roda himself Alphonso Vargas and Iuliano Romero if they had not presently instructed by the danger retired to Court In like manner iâ— being reported that the Spaniards bragged they would march from Aelst and storm Bruxels unlesse they were paid by order of the Senate the Lords for they said the multitude would not otherwise be appeased declared the Spaniards that kept Aelst Rebells and enemies to the King and State permitting the people of Bruxels to take up arms in defence of their City By which example many Cities of Brabant and Flanders because they pretended to be in like fear of the Wallons and Germans in Garrison among them by like indulgence of the Senate and incouragement from the Burgesses took arms But the Spanish Commanders fearing this to a generall conspiracie of the Provinces against their Nation whilst they busied themselves in preparing for a warre suspected and no lesse suspecting on both sides the causes of mutuall hatred were increased and each party looking upon the other as an enemie they became enemies indeed For when Sancho Avila who was the ablest souldier and greatest man among them being Governour of the Fort at Antwerp by letters directed to the Senate complained that the Cities were in arms and tumults under the colour of remedie fomented and the Senate in like manner returned answer that Avila without making his addresses unto them had increased his Garrison and therefore Required him to slight them in a short time they broke out into open hostilitie For it was by a new Edict of Senate decreed that no man should presume to assist the seditious Spaniards at Aelst with any kind of help or councell notwithstanding Avila though he was offended with their mutinie yet for fear they might be circumvented by the Low-countreymen furnished them with powder and three field-pieces But very opportunely at the same time Charles Croi Marquesse of Harve Brother to Duke Areschot returned from Spain with the Kings letters to the Senate wherein he promised very suddenly to send them Don Iohn of Austria their Governour Which not a little retarded the beginning of the civill Warre especially since both the parties laboured to avoid that imputation and therefore severally strove by speedy messengers to prepossesse the mind of their new Governour Yet forasmuch as the Royal party in the Senate knew this truce could not long continue being opposed by the Burgesses after Iohn Baptista a Boscho whom they had sent post into Spain they carefully dispatched away Maximilian Rassinghem and Francis Vasseur protesting to his Majestie That the Authoritie of Senate could not bridle the hatred of the people so much inraged that scarce a Tradesman in the Town or a Ploughman in the Countrey but spent his time in buying armour and muskets Nor was the multitude kept in order by the Garrison-souldiers who wanting pay and allured with hope of plunder by pillaging Towns through the whole Countrey and threatning all the Provinces unmeasurably increased the Tumults That in the Treasury was not money enough to pay them That they themselves had received from his Majestie by the hand of the Marquesse of Havre seventy thousand crowns and a little while before as many but this sum which was all that in six moneths could be got from Spain to supply the Low-countreys would not serve for one moneths pay Howsoever they themselves had to that day as well as they could maintained the Commonwealth relying upon his Majesties promises and the late hope of Don John's coming Who if he staid a while longer no doubt the mischief would break forth into a publick and irrevocable ruine For hitherto they had governed the weather-beaten State and stopt the leaks whilst they were but one or two Now if whole planks were sprung it was to be feared that the Ship splitting all the Masters care will come too late This free expression of the Senate though it moved the King to send Don Iohn post into the Netherlands yet as it is commonly the fortune of all Spanish hast he arrived too late to the destruction of the Publick For in a violent sicknesse there is not a more certain sign of death then if remedies be applyed sparingly and out of time especially if there be somewhat from without which by fanning the inward humours poisoned with immoderate heat instead of cooling more inflames them For the Prince of Orange who conceived there could not be a happier opportunitie for him then the present discord of the Kings Governours used all his industrie and by frequent letters and messengers from Holland he that was ambitious to govern courted the Senatours and Governours of Provinces with the usuall word that signifies nothing Libertie They say his Emissaries moved Duke Areschot that he being the greatest person in the Senate for when the King gave the Senatours their Commission for the Government of the Low-countreys Areschot was first named as Prince of the Senate would use that greatnesse for the benefit of his Nation and opportunely lay hold of the honourable Title of his Countreys Deliverer Nor would there be any great difficulty in the enterprise if they two united themselves and to strengthen the tie of friendship should confirm it with a double marriage Count Buron eldest sonne to the Prince of Orange marrying the daughter of Duke Areschot and his eldest son the Prince of Cimace the eldest daughter to the Prince of Orange It was likewise conceived that Areschot from that time deserted the Spanish partie But howsoever it is evident that diverse Noblemen and many Senatours that were formerly Neuters moved by the late proceedings of the Spaniards at Alest for they had taken the Fort of Likerch near to Bruxels entered into a league with the Prince of Orange which presently appeared in Senate that upon news of the Spaniards threats and approaches united themselves with the Burgesses of Brabant and Haynolt For when some delivered their opinions that such frequent mutinies of the Spaniards and their late menaces against the Royall Senate should be chastised with arms and others voted on the contrary that they should rather be appeased with the money due unto them that there was no fighting with such men as would sell their skins at a dear rate that the Spanish Commanders which held most of their Forts would not suffer their Countreymen to be cut off by such a combination nor themselves and the King to loose the strength of so many old souldiers nay that the King
the one hand and on the other Elianor and Mary Queen Dowagers of France and Hungary with another Mary Queen of Bohemia and Christiern daughter to the King of Denmark Dutchesse of Lorrain First he created his sonne Philip master of the order of the Golden-fleece then he commanded Philibert Bruxellius one of the Lords of his great Councel to signifie his pleasure to the Estates of Flanders The summe of his speech was this That the Emperour being admonished by his dayly decay of health which had much broke and brought him low to settle his affairs in this world resolved to transferre that weight which he could no longer support as became his own and the Empires dignity â—pon his sonne both in vigour and wisdome able to bear so great a burthen Therefore Cesar wishing it may be for the happiness of himself and the Provinces resigned his Dominion of the Low-countreys and Burgundy released the People of their â—ath of Allegiance and voluntarily gave the right and possession of the Low-countreys and Burgundy to his sonne Philip King of England Whilest Philibert was gravely speaking this The Emperour rises on the sudden and leaning on the shoulders of William Prince of Orange interrupted his speech and out of a paper he brought to help his memory as the Register of the Empire he himself began to read in French What he had done from the seventeenth year of his age to that day nine expeditions into Germany six into Spain seven into Italy four into France ten into the Low-countreys two into England as many into Africa eleven Sea-voyages Warres Peace Leagues Victories and set forth the particulars rather magnificently then proudly Moreover That he had proposed to himself no other end of all these labours but the preservation of Religion the Empire Which hitherto whilest his health permitted he had by Gods assistance so performed that Charles the Emperours life and Reign could offend none but his enemies Now since his strength and almost life was spent he would not prefeâ— the love of Empire before the safety of his People In stead of an oâ—d Bed-rid man the greatest part of him already in the grave he would substitute a Prince in the spring of his youth of active strength and courage To him he desired the Provinces tâ— pay their obedience likewise to keep Peace among themselves and be constant to the Orthodox Religion Lastly That they would favourably pardon him if he had trespassed in his Government For his own part he would alwayes remember their fidelity and services in his prayers to God to whom alone he resolved to live for the short remainder of his dayes Then turning to his sonne he said If these Provinces had descended upon thee by my death I had yet deserved something at my sonnes hands for leaving him so rich and improved a patrimony Now since â—hine Inheri ance is not a necessitated but a voluntary act and that thy Father hath chosen to die before his time that he may antedate the benefit of his death all the interest thou owest me for it I assign it to thy Subjects and require thee to pay it in thâ— love and care to them Other Princes rejoyce they have given life to their sonnes and shall give Kingdoms I am resolved to prevent fate of this gasping and posthumous favour esteeming it a double joy if I may see thee not onely living but live â—o see thee reigning by my gift This example of mine few Princes will imitate for I my self in all antiquity could hardly find one to follow But sure they will commend my resolution when they see thee worthy to be made the first president Which thou wilt be if thou firmly retein the wisdome thou wert bred to the fear of the Almighty and which are the pillars of a Kingdome the patronage of Religion and the Laws One thing remains which thy Father makes his last wish That thou maist have a sonne grow up worthy to have thy Government transferred upon him but yet have no necessity to do it Having spoken this he embraced his sonne that was upon his knees striving to kiss his hand and piously and fatherly praying God to bless him his tears broke off his words and drew tears abundantly from the eyes of the beholders King Philip humbly kissing his Fathers hand then rising to the Estates excused his ignorance in the French tongue commanding Anthony Perenott Granvell Bishop of Arras to speak for him who in a most learned Oration interpreted the Kings mind as gratefull to his father so likewise affectionate to the Low-coutrey-men by his fathers precept and example Iames Masius an eloquent Civill Lawyer answered in the name of the three Estates Lastly Mary Queen of Hungary resigned the Government of the Low-countreys which she had managed five and twenty years for the Emperour her Brother So for that day the Session was adjourned Two moneths after in a farre greater Assembly for fame had further spread it self the Emperour gave to his sonne Philip at once the possession of all his Kingdomes Provinces and Islands aswell in our World as beyond the Line Finally not long after he sent the Crown and Scepter of the Empire all he had then left to his Brother Ferdinand created many years before King of the Romans by the hands of William Prince of Orange who they say at first declining the Ambassage told the Emperour in King Philips presence that he hoped better things from heaven then to see his Master take the Imperiall Crown from his own head and send it by him to another whether it was love to the Emperour of whose grace and bounty he had many proofs or flattery to King Philip whom he knew designed for the Empire by his father who often to that purpose had treated with his Brother Ferdinand For Cesar to confirm the Spanish power of the House of Austria by accession of the Empire had many times by Mary Queen of Hungary sounded his Brother Ferdinand if he would surrender the Kingdome of the Romanes to Philip among other proposals promising to share the Empire with his Brother that ever after there should be two Cesars of equall authority But all this moved not Ferdinand Charles the fifth from so great an Emperour now no body leaving the Court to the new Prince staid a while in a private house till the fleet was ready then losing from Zeland with his sisters Queen Elianor and Queen Mary he sailed with a prosperous wind into the port of Laredâ— in Biscany To follow him out of the Low-Countryes will not be I suppose to wander from the History since by continuing a relation of the last passages of a Prince of the Low-Countreys and the last Prince born a Low-Countrey-man I may appear to be in the Low-Countreys still However I presume the Reader will approve the bringing to light of this great retirement
Spanish triumph for immediately he took Calice which Port the Kings of England used to call The Portall of France and so long as they enjoyed it they said They wore the keyes of France at their girdle being all the remainder of their two hundred years conquest that was kept by the Englishmen upon the continent of France which Kingdome in a few dayes they were forced to restore to its ancient bounds retiring to their own within the Sea But shortly after the Die of War ran on the Spanish side For King Philip perceiving the French Army to be divided proud of their number and success having in hope devoured all the Low-Countreys he himself divided his own forces part he sent against Paulus Termus burning and spoyling the Sea-coast of Flanders under the Command of Lamorall Count Egmont the gallantest of all the Low-countrey-men who was Generall of his Horse at the battel of S. Quintin and a great cause of the victory The other part of his Army he sent into Savoy to attend the motion of the Duke of Guise Count Egmont fighting a battel before Graveling a port of Flanders with great valour and fortune won the day For whilest the old souldiers of both Armies fought doubtfully for sometime on a sudden the French gave ground and lost the battel for ten English ships as they sailed by seeing the fight struck into the mouth of the river of Hay and with their Cannon so galled the French on that side where they held themselves to be impregnable coming upon them with such an unexspected and therefore a more dreadfull storm from sea that the Foot being disordered their fear was infused into the Horse so as their Army being routed there scarce remained one of the whole number to carry home news of the overthrow For part were sâ—ain in the fight the Duke and his great Officers taken prisoners the rest were either knocked down as they swam by the English besides two hundred taken alive and presented to the Queen for witnesses of their service at the battel or by the Boors in revenge of the plundering and firing of their houses killed without mercy To their misfortune was added that the reliques of the Army scattered in places they knew not about Flanders had their brains beaten out by the women that came upon them with clubs and spits and which is a more dangerous weapon armed with the furie of their sex some almost railing them to death others pricking their bodkins into them with exquisite barbarity pulled them to pieces with their nayls as the Bacchanals tore Orpheus Thus Henry of France loosing two battels in one year seeing his old souldiers slain and which is of fadder consequence the noblest of his subjects taken prisoners which are the strength of the French Militia He willingly embraced that peace which so long as fortune smiled upon him he had sleighted And King Philip moved by the accession of Calice to the Kingdome of France and his experience of the War had the like inclination to Peace Just as we see after the clouds have fought and are broken the Sun breaks forth nor ever shines a greater hope of Peace then when a War is seriously prosecuted fury being as it were glutted and weary with the slaughter The honour of this Peace was attributed to Christiern Dutchess of Lorain mediating between the two Kings as cosen-germane to King Philip and by late affinity gracious with King Henry Nor is it unusuall to employ that Sex in such transactions for it is held a point of Civility to yield to their solicitation The news of this Peace which after long dispute opened it self with the Spring in the city of Cambray was received with so great a joy of the Christian world weary of the tedious War that higher expression of contented minds are scarce recorded in the memory of man They that compared this peace with that concluded between the fathers of these Kings above thirty years before mediated likewise by Princesses and concluded where this was in the Town of Cambray a place destinated as it seems for peacemaking shall find then no common joy because divers Princes were not parties to the League and the warr in Italy still continued Whereas all the Princes of Europe being equally comprehended in this Peace an equall joy spread it self through all nations filling every mind with great hope of long friendship between the Kings which afterward fell out accordingly A Marriage was likewise made the better to confirm the Peace which notwithstanding continues among Princes no longer then ambition suffers it to which for the most part Kings are more truly married King Philip Mary Queen of England being dead the year before was offered a wife that had been promised to his son Charles Prince of Spain Isabella King Henries daughter eleven years of age who because she was born when the peace was begun with England and married to make a peace with Spain they called the Princess Peace In like manner Emman Philibert married King Henries sister Margaret and had in portion with her all those towns beyond and on this side the Alps which France the first and Henry himself had taken from him But never did France celebrate so joyfull a Wedding with so sad a close Among other preparations there a Tournament that is fearfull pleasure and an honourable danger wherein one cannot think them to be in jest that fight nor to fight when they see all intended but for sport It is an exercise the French exceedingly affect and they account it noble as being a bold and warlike nation The Lists now set up and scaffolded like a stage were filled with the best Tilters in Christendome for France challenged Europe at the breaking of a spear The two first dayes the King himself ran and had the Victory but when he came the third time in all his glory into the Lists against the advice of the Lords encountring the Captain of his Guard before his Bever was down a splinter of his Launce flying in his face struck out his right eye and shooting into his brain the Queen and Queen-mother with the Kings children beholding those unfortunate Revells he presently fell in a swound and being caught in mens arms the whole stage running bloud which but now rung with joyfull acclamations and applauses suddenly turned into mournings and lamentations The fifth day after this Prince no less valiant then religious and every way worthy a better fate departed his life And before the eyes of an infinite multitude which it seems he had proudly invited to his own funerals he acted to the life without scene or fable the Tragedy of mortall happiness They say one that cast his nativity as these kind of Predictions are commonly produced after the event foretold this very accident For Queen Katharine of Medices desirous to know the fate of her children of
of Burgundy apperteining to the Belgick Princes when his Majestie approved and confirmed the present Governour thereof Claudius Vergius Lord of Champlitt and it was the year following when Claudius died that her Excellence of Parma by her letters to the King obtained Burgundy for the Prince of Orange The Provinces thus disposed for Brabant is never commanded by any but the Prince and his Vicegerent the supream Governour of the Low-Countreys the King began to order the Militia and leaving Spanish Garrisons upon the Borders he thought of disposing the Horse the proper Militia of the Low-countreys They say it is very ancient and was far more numerous Charles the fifth lessened it to three thousand but then he encreased it in the choise of Noble and valiant persons he armed them with half pikes and carabines which so well they handled as the Low-countrey Troops were famous over Europe Philip by his fathers example divinding the Horse into fourteen Troops appointed over them so many Commanders of the greatest of his Lords viz. all the said Governours of Provinces Courir and the Count of East-Frizland excepted Philip Croi Duke of Aresco Maximilian Hennin Count of Bolduke Anthony Ladin Count Hochstrat Iohn Croi Count Reux Henry Brederod Earl of Holland all but the last being Knights of the Golden Fleece These ordinary Troops the King used to draw out of their Quarters according to the emergencies of Warr. And King Philip by experience found these to be his greatest strength and best Bulwark against the valour of the French But the command of the Sea and the Royall Fleet he left still in the hands of the old Admiral Philip Momorancy Count Horn Philip Staveley Lord of Glaion he made Master of the Train of Artillery both highly meriting in Peace and War and therefore at the same time admitted by his Majestie into the order of the Fleece There yet remained a part of the Republick by how much the more noble and sacred by so much the more tenderly to be handled To the seventeen Provinces full of People because foure Bishops they had then no more were not thought enough the King resolved to increase the number I find it was endeavoured by Philip Duke of Burgundy Prince of the Low-Countreys he that instituted the Order of the Golden Fleece and dying bequeathed the establishment thereof to his Son Charles sirnamed the Fighter or Souldier from his continuall being in arms which altogether transported and took up the mind of this warlike Prince Nor had Philip grandchild to Charles the Fighter Son to his onely daughter and Maximilian King of the Romanes more leasure to pursue it by reason of the new troubles of the Kingdoms which he had in right of his wife Ioan daughter and heir to Ferdinand the Catholick King And though Charles the fifth sonne to Philip made it his business and put some threds into the loom yet the great distractions and war of the Empire intervening the work was often at a stand and war upon war rising in Europe and Africa rather deprived him of the means then affection to accomplish it Unless perhaps the Emperour grew slack lest the erection of new Bishopricks should straiten the jurisdiction of his uncle George of Austria Archbishop of Leige Yet among his last commands he particularly left this in charge to his sonne Philip. I my self have read a letter written in King Philips own hand to his sister of Parma wherein he sayes He is induced at that time especially to increase the number of Bishops because the Cities and Towns of the Netherlands daily grew more populous and Heresie from their next Neighbours crowded in and got ground of them and that his Fathers Counsel and Command had made deep impression in his mind who taught him this as the onely way to preserve Religion in the Low-Countreys The King therefore assoon as he was respited by the War sent to Rome Francis Sonnius a Divine of Lovain a great learned man who not long before had disputed at Wormes with Melanchthon Illyricus and others by command from the Emperour Ferdinand giving him in Commission together with Francisco Varga the Kings Ambassadour to acquaint Paul the fourth with his desires After some moneths when the business had been debated by a Court of seven Cardinals it was accordingly granted The Pope inclining of himself to destroy heresie and neglecting no occasion of gratifying King Philip to whom he was lately reconciled So that he appointed fourteen Cities in the Low-Countreys besides the foure former for Bishops-sees whereof three were honoured with the Prerogative of Archbishopricks that is Cambray Utrecht upon the Rhine and Maclin preferred before the others at the Kings request which seated in the heart of Brabant near the Princes Court at Bruxels he had designed for Anthony Perenott Granvell purposely translated from the Church of Arras thither because that mans being near the Court seemed to concern the publick In this manner the Popes Bul was penned and sent by his Nuntio Salvator Bishop of Clusino and Francis Sonnius going for the Low-Countreys who was enjoyned to see the Decree executed but in other things belonging to the revenues and limits of Jurisdiction they were to do what to themselves in their discretions seemed meet King Philip having received authority made an excellent choice of men for the new Myters all famour for the learned books they had written as likewise for their virtues and deportments in the Councel of Trent Such Bishops the Pope joyed to approve of and the people were ashamed not to admit And because the King would no longer defer his voyage into Spain he left the care of limiting and endowing the new Churches to Granvell and Sonnius for the Popes Nuntio was to follow his Majestie Before his departure the King summoned the Estates of the Low-countreys to Gant many were of opinion he would there declare a Governour for the Low-Countreys which he had till then declined though others imputed the cause of that delay to the Kings nature perplexed and doubtfull whom to trust with the Government Which procrastination daily added to the number of Competitours and to the discourses of lookers on Many of which according to their severall dependencies made sure accompt their friends and Patrons should carry it and together with this belief cherished their own hopes Divers that aimed at no private advantage did not so much named a Person as a Governour being ambitious to be Statesmen though it were but in giving imaginary votes as if they should have their part in the Government if they could but think of disposing the Provinces and fill a vancant place by predesigning him that should be chosen But Count Egmont was the man on whom the Low-Countreys fixt their eyes and wishes a Prince conspicuous for his experience in the Warrs and very active either in the field
against the Enemies or at home in private Tiltings and for shooting in a piece at marks an art of great account with that People second to none Besides he had a naturall affability and which is rare a Popularity consistent with Nobility But he was particularly famous for the late victory at S. Quintins a great part whereof the King acknowledged himself engaged for to Count Egmont and for a later day at Gravelin since when the Low-Countrey-men had not wiped the enemies bloud off their swords In which expedition asmuch as he transcended the other Lords that had command in the Army especially the Spaniards so much with all forreiners but them he gained glory to his Nation and to himself the favour of others by his own to them So that if a Governour for the Low-Countreys might have been voted by the souldiers love and the peoples consent no man should have been preferred before Count Egmont But on a deeper sea and with a more popular wind sailed the Prince of Orange The greatness of the House of Nassau equall fortunes the principality of Orange subject to none besides his other large possessions both in Germany and the Low-countreys and his powerfull alliance to most of the great families of the North his mother Iuliana being a woman of a miraculous fecundity for of her children whereof the greatest part were daughters she lived to see one hundred and fifty that asked her blessing Add to this his own merit his dexterity of wit and staiedness of judgement far riper then his years and his abilities both as an Ambassadour and a General Then the great opinion the Emperour Charles the fifth had of him who employed him in his weightiest affairs Upon these and such like considerations how could the Prince of Orange go less in his hopes then to be Governour of the Low-countreys a place which his cousen Engelbert Count of Nassau enjoyed about an hundred years before Yet doubting the Kings inclination he had divided his suit that if he himself should meet a repulse yet Christiern Dutchess of Lorain might prevail whose daughter he hoped to marry intending for that was his drift that his mother in law should have the Title but he himself the Power And indeed the Dutchess of Lorain was every way capable of the place as being daughter to Isabella sister to Charles the fifth and having merited the favour of her cousen-german the King by the Peace which she lately had concluded with the French upon conditions more advantagious to the Spaniard for which she was much honoured by the Low-countrey-men But whilest on such kind of considerations mens hopes and discourses were protracted and suspended behold upon the sudden came news That Margaret of Austria Dutchess of Parma was sent for out of Italy to govern the Low-countreys Which though it happened unexspectedly yet could be no wonder to such as rightly judged For on the one part it was in reason to be thought the King at that time would not easily trust the government of the Low-countreys in the hand of a Low-countrey-man Such as looked into it might see cause sufficient Particularly Count Egmont had a bar by the unhappy memory of Charles Egmont Duke of Gelder who being of the French faction and a professed enemie to the House of Austria Charles the fifth confiscated his Estate and forced his heir to render Gelderland and Zutfen And divers reports going of the Prince of Orange's Religion in which kind a suspicion onely was enough to quash his sute the King would be sure never to commit the Low-countreys to the faith of one gracious and powerfull with the Germane Hereticks both as a neighbour and a kinsman which might open them a pass into the seventeen Provinces Nay even to the Dutchess of Lorain the rumour of a Treaty of marriage betwixt her Daughter and the Prince of Orange was very disadvantagious in her pretension to the government though it made more against her that she had married her sonne Charles Duke of Lorain to the daughter of Henry King of France For they say Bishop Granvel advised the King to look to it lest if she were Governess the French coming in mixt with the Lorainers might pester the Low-countreys Perhaps he himself being a Burgundian gave his Majestie this counsel for fear the Burgundians should be subject to the Lorainers their ancient enemies Or rather finding the King inclined to the Dutchess of Parma he endeavoured to express his zeal in preferring her and so to predeserve her favour But to choose her there was a concurrence of many reasons Before I Particularize them let me speak a little of the Dutchess her self and give you an account of her birth and education together with her deportment before she came to govern the Low-countreys Since the best Historians use not onely to describe the Actions but likewise the Fame of Persons and are tied by the rules of History not to omit the Characters of their Lives and Manners Margaret eldest child to Charles the fifth born four years before he was married had a mother of the same name Margaret Vangest as long after it came to light daughter to Iohn Vangest and Mary Cocquamb of Aldenard persons of good quality in Flanders Both which dying of the sickness left Margaret then but five years old to her fathers dear friend Anthony Lalin Count Hochstrat who with his wife Elizabeth Culemberg bred her as their onely child When she was grown a woman not onely as a great Beauty but as one that consecrated her beauty with modestie she was pretended to by many noble Suiters But she dashed all their hopes with the rub of chastity intending within a few dayes to be a Nun. In the mean time being invited to a Wedding and dancing there among other young Ladies of her qualitie she found by too late experience that such as expose their beautie set to sale their chastity especially if a great Chapman be at hand For the Emperour Charles the fifth in his passage by Aldenard honouring this wedding with his presence Margaret that came along with the Countess of Hochstrat surpassing all the other Ladies in his eye was highly commended by his Imperial Majestie who while he commended seemed to long for her Insomuch as one of his followers of that ging of Courtiers that have no way to merit their Princes favour but by slavish arts catched her up in the dark and brought her to the Bed-chamber By her the Emperour had this Margaret we write of The Business was many years concealed by Cesars command especially because the same Courtier accidently had told him that he took a great deal of pains to perswade the Virgin but could not get her for his Imperial Majesty without force and threatning At which the Emperour was so moved that giving the man a sound check for it he vowed if he had known as much before
learned but particularly of a subtil elocution and a Majestick kind of presence But the more these Princes by their own worth and the Queens favour were advanced the more must others necessarily be discontented that either had been or hoped to be the first in favour Principally the Bourbons and the Colligny not to name Momorancys that bore spleen to the Guises but with more civility Indeed Anthony of Bourbon besides his being the first Prince of the bloud took upon him in the right of his wife Ioan Alibret the title of King of Navarre He was a man equally tempered for the Arts of War and Peace but immoderate in his pleasures and therefore unfit to establish a Dominion Much more fierce and cunning was his brother Lewis Prince of Condè constantly engaged and exercised in the War yet with much more courage and confidence then either strength or knowledge Gaspar Colligny and his brother Andelot were of like nature but because he was Admiral of the French seas and this Lieutenant Genera◠of the Foot they were likewise in high esteem These which I have named with others of inferiour quality though there was no tie of friendship among them yet because they were all concerned in one common Interest easily conspired together And the Engine wherewith they meant to ruine the power of the Guises was by protecting the Hereticall Party who they knew hated the very name of Guise Especially some of them having now forsaken the old Religion desired to appear not onely Patrons of the Sectaries but likewise of the Sect. Among which none more boldly professed and maintained Heresie then Ioan Alibret wife to Bourbon and onely daughter to Margaret of Vallois and Henry King of Navarre This Lady because she saw her self deprived of her Kingdome of which Ferdinand the Catholick King had by arms dispossessed Iohn her grandfather excommunicated by the Bishop of Rome was transported with so implacable an hatred unto Rome and Spain and consequently to the Romane Religion which she knew the Spanish so much tendered that she spared no pains nor cost to bear down the Popes Authority and the Catholick Faith in France Heresie therefore supported by these eminent persons spread it self so far over the whole Kingdome that Henry King of France whose Armies were kept in action by the Spaniards in the Low-countreys concluding a Peace with King Philip withdrew his forces and cares to compose discords at home which threatned to break out into a Civil War But the death of King Henry hastened on the mischief For as I said his son Francis and the Queen and Queen-Mother the more they used the faithfull endeavours of the Guises against Hereticks the more they exasperated their enemies and put them on to use the proffered service of the Hereticks to suppresse their power Which moved the Queen-mother when her daughter Isabella was to go for Spain to desire assistance from her Son in Law King Philip against the Hereticks and troublers of the Kingdome To which request she received a very gracious answer with a magnificent promise of men and money Letters from the King to that effect being purposely read before some of the French Lords to strike them into a fear did rather encrease their envie to the Queen-Mother and unite them against Spain And now against the Guises and against the King himself were scattered Libels as fore-runners of the tumults which immediately followed And the Lady Alibret earnestly solicited the Cause who remembring her old quarrel and impatiently longing for a Crown rung in her husbands ears That he must not suffer this onely opportunity of recovering the Kingdome of Navarre to slip out of his hands That he may now make himself head of a mighty faction almost half the strength of France That upon these terms he may exspect assistance from the Germane Princes of the same Religion from the English the Low-countrey men besides such Catholicks as were enemies to the Guises and by a strong conjuncture of all these they may expell the Guises out of France advance the Hereticall party and no doubt but at length they may carry that army to the conquest of Navarre But this furious Tullia was married to a milder Tarquin so as the Duke of Bourbon being cold for all this fiery curtain-Lecture his brother the Prince of Condè a Tarquin that well-matched the Lady Alibret is said to have undertaken the Advance of the Conspiracie and that he engendred the tempest at Ambois which for that time was dispersed by the providence of the Duke of Guise But new clouds of discontentments gathering at last the storm fell more fatally in showers of bloud and civil war They say in that tumult the name of Hugonot was first brought up at Tours upon this occasion It is a custome at Tours to fright children by telling them of Hugh who they say rides about the Suburbs in the night pushing at all he meets And when the Hereticks that flocked to Tours had their nightly Conventicles in the Suburbs because they durst not come together in the day time they were accidentally pointed out to the children like midnight-goblins and from Hugh by way of jeer were called Hugonots Though some derive them from another kind of original But whencesoever they had that denomination it appears they thought it a scorn to them and therefore they called the Catholicks Papists But these are onely names I proceed to the matter as it is recorded by them that wrote the History of those times The first designe of the French tumults was laid at Geneva by Calvin and Beza holding in that town a shamefull and barbarous consultation upon a day appointed suddenly to massacre King Francis the Queen the Queen-mother the Kings brothers and all the Lords of the Court The King therefore to curb this insolence of the Hereticks maintained by some of the Nobility for their private ends and feuds raised an army in France called his forces out of Germany requested succours from the Duke of Lorain and the King of Spain And indeed King Philip presently sent him souldiers out of Spain which were to joyn with the French Army at Limosin intending to furnish him with more men but hearing of the death of King Francis he put off his other supplyes till the next year to which time the warre it self was deferred The death of King Francis was attended with a great alteration in the state For the Bourbons one of which was condemned to loose his head and hourly exspected the executioner and the other banished the Court and generally thought to be oppressed in his brothers ruine were presently made the disposers of the Kingdome the administration thereof being come into the hands of the Queen-mother of the house of Medices who was to govern for King Charles a child of ten years old The Prince of Condè was restored by Proclamation to his
do neither did he think it would be acceptable to God or safe for Religion but that he might in their deaths prevent all hope of glorying which was the cause of their impious and wilfull sufferings Moreover the Senate was to be so ordered that the Councel of Estate was to superintend the other two Councels of Law and the Treasury but nothing to be concluded before the Governess knew thei◠Resolutions and Reasons This vvas the Effect of his Majesties Letters delivered to Count Egmont But he wrote others to the Governess wherein he gave her to understand That it pleased him not that the Authority of the Senate wherein sate the principall Lords of the Low-countreys be inlarged which both straitens the power of the Governess and might open a way for divers great men enriched by the Treasury to change as from other hands was intimated the present form of Government He likewise commanded Count Egmont to let the Governess know That his Majestie remembred the necessities of the Netherlands which she had so often moved him in and therefore sent her part in ready money part in Bils of Exchange 60000 Ducats to pay the common souldiers and 200000 to be distributed among the Garrisons and for the Governours of Provinces and the Magistrates pensions 150000 and that he would have returned her more for the fortifying of Towns and disbanding of souldiers if he had not been in many places to provide for his Fleet against the Turk But some of this money could not be got of the Bankers because they were not satisfied in Spain Lastly commending the integrity of his Judges and Officers he put the Governess and his Subjects of the Low-countreys in hope that he would make a voyage thither purposely to hear their Grievances and in person to redresse them The same day that his Majestie gave these Letters to Count Egmont he called in Alexander sonne to Octavio Farneze and Margaret of Austria Princes of Parma and Piacenza and delivered him to Count Egmont with these words Among other things which thou art to carry to the Governess I trust thee likewise with this Youth do him those services which the Sonne to my Sister and your Governess deserves Count Egmont kissing the Kings hands again for this speciall favour departed the more pleased because it would add to the Governesses joy for the success of his Embassage that he should bring her sonn a happiness she had long desired Indeed it rejoyced her very much for when she saw her sonne Alexander so well bred so lively spirited yet tempered with such gravity as became one that had been educated in so great a Court under his uncle King Philip she received infinite satisfaction Especially for that Count Egmont together with her Sonne brought her the news of a Marriage intended him by the King Whereupon the Steward of her House the Lord Theuloi was purposely sent into Spain to give his Majestie most humble thanks for his Royall favours conferred upon her and her husband the Duke of Parma by designing such a wife for their Sonne King Philip had been moved about a match for Prince Alexander four years before His Father Octavio was inclined to marry him to the Sister of Alphonso Duke of Ferrara Daughter to Hercules the second and Renè Daughter of Lewis the twelfth of France because he thought it would be a great support to his Power to joyn in alliance with Princes so near neighbours to him and he said which I believe he had from Charles the fifth That as in the Globe of the Earth and Sea the Moon is more predominant then most of the Starrs not because she hath a greater but a nearer influence so we should think of our neighbours And he maintained this opinion as I suppose more fervently because about that time Pope Pius the fourth challenged the Principality of Camertio which he entended to bestow upon Frederick Borromeo his Sisters sonne lately married with his consent to the Noble Lady Virginia Ruveria Verana Octavio therefore weighing in case this dispute might beget a War how much it concern'd him to be in amity with the Duke of Ferrara held it very convenient to make up this Marriage Nor did the Governess disapprove of the designe but in her husbands and her own name wrote about it to the King But he either because he would have no affinitie with a Duke of the French Faction or because he had thought of another Wife for him and had already shewed himself in it answered the Governess in these words ILLUSTRIOUS Princess long since when I resolved upon the Treaty of a Marriage for your Sonn and my Alexander for I esteem him as mine own Sonn with the Daughter of our Uncle the Emperour Ferdinand I did assure my self it would be very well received by you Sister and by the Duke your Husband Nor have your Letters altered my Opinion or what was said to me by Ardinghell in favour of the match with Ferrara She that I have designed him is Daughter to an Emperour and our kinswoman The Duke of Ferrara's Sister and Prince Alexander are of years so disproportionable that it may cause disagreement Indeed I commend the Duke of Parma that seeks the friendship of his neighbours by desiring to match into this family but he ought likewise to consider that so long as he hath me for his Brother and Protectour no man dare presume to trench upon him As he may well perceive by the late change of things when Pius the fourth gave over his attempt For after I had taken care to inform his Holiness of my resolutions and how I am obliged in honour both now and for ever to maintain the Rights of the Farnezes he answered me He would not onely forbear to molest the Duke but would be as much a Patron to his Family as I my self But though I have commanded Ardinghel to signifie this to the Duke yet out of my brotherly love I could not but acquaint you with it that I might satisfie the near relation of our bloud and likewise desire you to insert this my determination in your Letters to your Husband and with all possible speed to let me know both your resolutions But while the Father and Mother remained in suspence and knew not which of these matches they should wish◠the one being more noble the other more advantageous the King upon second thoughts pitched upon Mary Princess of Portugall Daughter to Prince Edward and Isabella of Briganze Niece to King Emmanuel and by his Letters sounding the inclination of the Duke and Dutchess the Match was at once propounded by the King and approved of by all parties For at that time the name of Portugal was glorious a great part of the Earth being discovered by their religious and fortunate Souldiers And King Philip was not onely descended from this House
besides the distempers of his mind if he were not poisoned he dyed upon Saint Iames his Eue. Foure dayes before having for a long time equally slighted the cure of Body and Soule God turning his Minde he called for his Ghostly Father and confessing his Sinnes with great compunction sending one to his Father to begge pardon for his Disobedience holding a hallowed Candle in his hand gave up the ghost I know this Relation will not please some that greedily swallow downe the foulest Surmizes without any distinction or respect to Truth or False-hood for whose palates if I were minded to dresse my Discourse I might instance the Rebellion of the Moores at this very time and make Prince Charles their Incourager and say that he sollicited Selimus the Turkish Emperour by Michesius the Jew fled out of Spaine as I have formerly related I might like-wise move a jealousie that the Faction of the Low countrey Covenanters was assisted by Prince Charles and might interpret that to be the reason why they resolved to send into Spaine many thousands of Calvins Catechismes translated into Spanish whereof the Governesse as I told you sent Intelligence to King Philip Pope Pius the fifth wrote to his Majesty that some Chest fulls of them were found at Lyons and Tholouse Nor should I passe over the Death of Queene Isabella Wife to King Philip there being but a few moneths between the Prince his Death and her's as if their too much Familiarity for Isabella should have beene marryed to Prince Charles had been the cause of both their fates Lastly I might tell you how the Prince had a designe upon his Father's life either out of affection to the Crowne or hatred to the King grounding my conjecture upon common fame which spread to farre that to my knowledge this verse of Ovid was used to that purpose in the Low-countreys first applied as they say by Opmerus FILIVs ante DIeM patr Ios InqVIrIt In annos Wherein both the Prince's Fact and the yeare of his Death are expressed in numerall Letters But this kind of learning as darke and intricate I willingly leave to those Writers that by Interpretation of such Oracles are ambitious to be famed for acutenesse of wit and divination they seeming to me besides their uncertainty to have no colour of Truth For not to speake of the Love betwixt the Queene and Prince which if it had been true the King to breake that League would have hastned not put off the Princes Marriage with his Cosen-german if the Prince had plotted any thing against his Father he might every day have executed it by himselfe and with his owne hands as being young and coming resolved against an unprepared old man or if he would have raised Tumults and called in help no doubt but he had needed many hands and consequently when the Prince fell those of his Party I suppose could not have stood yet the Princes Death was the losse of no mans Life Nay the King to lessen the envy both of his Son's Imprisonment and Death knowing himselfe aspersed by diverse persons in particular by Mary the Empresse the Prince's Aunt and desirous to match her Daughter to the Heire of so many Kingdomes would he not have pretended the cause of such Severity to have been his Son 's impious Designes Notwithstanding in his Letter to the Empress he denyed that his Son was found guilty of any â—reasonable Intention but said it was fit he should be imprisoned for his own howsoever for the Kingdome 's Good And a few dayes after his Son's Commitment sending the President of his Councell of Castile to the Archbishop of Rossana the Popes nuncio he assured the Bishop from the King there was no other reason of that Change as the Bishop himselfe wrote to Cardinall Alexandrino in the President 's wrods then his Majesties Resolution to prefer Religion and the Safety of his Subjects before his owne bloud which compelled him in a manner to sacrifice his only Son lest he should have been more than ingratefull for the great benefits God had bestowed upon him Afterwards his Majesty inserted in his Letters to forreine Princes and to his owne Kingdomes that the Rumour spread abroad of a Plot which his Son had upon his life was idle false But this fortune proved peculiar to the two Charles'es the Grand-father Grand-childe that the one's Desire to resigne and the other 's to invest the Soveraignty very much busied the wits of Writers The Low-countrey-Lords and Commons affrighted with the King 's forrein and domesticall Severity every man as his conscience accused him shifted for himselfe few hoped for Pardon many thought of Armes and Revenge In so much as Alva himselfe hardly escaped at the Monastery of Greene-vaile to which he was going in devotion an Ambush being laid in the woods by Ressorius Nohott to surprize him by the way And when he came thither he was in danger to have been murthered in the very Monastery by Charles Ressorius his Brother who had taken the habit of a Monke pretending feare of the Duke Iohn Lignius Count Aremberg Governour of Frisland Generall at the Battaile of Hilligel The death of Count Aremberg incouraged not the mind of the Prince of Orange and the Confederates more then it exasperated the Duke of Alva and hastened his March into Friezland to prevent Lewis of Nassau from joyning forces with the Prince of Orange But the Duke fearing that in his absence some Tumult might be raised in favour of the Lords his Prisoners freed himselfe of that suspicion especially being inraged for the losse of Count Aremberg at the newes brought him that Grave Lewis had hanged many Spaniards in Revenge of his Brother Adolph's Death And though diverse of his Friends did not so well approve his Resolution but indeavoured to perswade him there was no danger of a Tumult in the Low-countryes so long as he had for his Security such Hostages as those Prisoners And that it was no more to be doubted that the Low-countrey-men would out of their affection forceably attempt any thing for the Liberty of the impeached Lords then it was to be hoped that the same affection would disswade them from stirring lest by a popular offence they might wrong those Noble-mens private cause Yet the Duke of Alva despising this Advise as one that long experience had made jealous and of his owne nature was averse to other mens counsells which he looked upon with the aspect of a retrograd Planet especially when they offered themselves on the first of Iune Nineteene noble Covenanters were condemned of High Treason by the Councell of twelve and by the Duke of Alva's Order beheaded in the Sand-market at Bruxells Eight whereof dyed religiously the other Eleven like Hereticks as they were obstinately and therefore the bodyes of those were buryed but the other all but
fault upon himselfe when he had fought unfortunately at Harlem charged the States with his Misfortune because they were slack in paying of his men and almost in plaine words threatned to fall upon them with his Army Therefore by Command from the Prince of Orange who as I conceive looked not with equall eyes upon the man boasting himselfe to be the sole Infranchiser of Holland he was put out of his Lieuetenant-Generalls Place which was conferr'd upon Willam Battemburg and being reduced to the quality of a private man with Entesius and others of his Followers was committed Prisoner And after his release being convicted of a Plot against the States of whose ingratitude he published his Complaint in Print That he who had freed the Maritime Provinces and taught the world by experience that the Spaniards were conquerable should be rewarded by the Hollanders with such Vsage he was condemned as well by the Prince of Orange's Sentence as by a generall Odium to depart the Low-countreys And foure yeares after when he had once more taken up Armes against Don Iohn of Austria losing the battaile of Gemblac he fled to Leyden and there bitt with a mad dog or poysoned at a feast dyed this wickedly stout man The surrender of Harlem as it is the common fate of Conquest gained by long Sieges brought more Fame then benefit to the Spaniard For the Army being not a little wasted and retarded with some mutiny Duke Federico sitting downe before Alcmar upon the approach of winter was forced to leave the Seige Nor was there any better fortune at Sea The confederated Gheuses in a Sea-fight taking Maximilian Henin Count of Bolduc Governour of Holland and Zeland and Admirall of the Belgick Seas an actiue Souldier and very intimate with the Duke of Alva In that Fight it is reported Count Bolduc's Admirall the Hollonders called her the Spanish Inquisition forsaken by the rest of the Fleete for 28 houres together fought with twentie saile of the Enemy and her men brought from the Number of 300 to 80 and those all but fifteene wounded at last was forced to yield Yet this losse was recompenced with some Townes reduced by the Spaniards in South Holland and at the Hague they tooke Count Philip Marnixius Aldegund a man of great place and account among the Confederates insomuch as the Prince of Orange threatned whatsoever was done to Count Aldegund should be suffered by Count Bolduc In the meane time Lodovico Requesenes came from the Government of Millaine into the Low-countreys guarded only with two Regiments of Italian Horse under the Command of Mutio Spaganio and Pedro Busto He was by the King appointed Successour to Alva because Iuan de la Cerda declined the Government despairing that any good could be done in the Low-countreys so leaving both the Burthen and the Enuy upon Alva And he with his Son Federick returning immediately to Bruxells delivered the provinces and Armies to Requesenes and December being now begun imbarqued for Spaine after he had six yeares governed the Netherlands All the Hereticall Commanders were not equally pleased with his departure it troubled some of them who conceived his Fortune was decreasing and that the people could be moved to Rebellion with no stronger Provocative then their Hatred to the Duke of Alva But the Prince of Orange that Publiquely hated and privately admired the Duke was glad to be so ridde of him never hoping to compasse his Designes whilst he had Alva for his Enemy Nor were the Catholiques all of one minde For some thought his Departure a happinesse being irreconciliably distasted at him because as they sayed he had found the Lowconntreys brought to a peaceable Condition by Margaret of Austria and by his Cruelty to the Lords Exactions upon the Commons had left the Provinces troubled and exasperated and they feared that as from thence Holland and Zeland tooke occasion to revolt so the rest of the adjoyning Provinces infected with the same Contagion would have shortly renounced their Religion and Obedience But others in a kind of middle way as the Romans said of Augustus Caesar that he should either not have beene borne or not have dyed affirmed that it was to be wished Alva had either not at all come to the Lowcountreys or had not departed at that time when the Prince of Orange had fortunately matured his Plot and could not be taken off by an amicable way nor broke more surely by any Armes then his who no lesse prudently then valiantly when the Prince entred the Provinces with such great Armyes had twice beat him out But the King of Spaine contrary to the Low-countreymen's Expectations and the Desires of some Spanish Courtiers very gratiously received the Duke Though some were not moved with such Formality knowing it to be king Philip's Custome to Countenance before others what his Ministers had done But supposing that his Indignation then raked up in Embers would in time breake out and that it did so some yeares after when the Duke was confined to Vzeda I confesse I rather thinke the greatest part of Alva's Actions in the Low-countreys was done by Order from the King and therefore merited not his displeasure or if he did erre his Service was more considerable then his Errour in the King's account into whose Favour as the accesse was rare and difficult so the possession was firme and lasting And that there was evidently no other Reason for the Duke's Confinement but because his Son Federico had promised Marriage to one of the Queen's Maydes of Honour and by his Fathers Advise marryed another Lady whereupon the King in a rage banished the Duke of Alva to Vzeda Which Misfortune and what greater could happen to a man in the highest Grace at Court manifested beyond al mens Imagination the wonderfull equall Temper and Gallantry of his minde and though he was accompted a great person whilst he stood yet being falne like a prostrate wall was thought greater lying on the ground Certainely he deserved that his Misery should at last be turned into his Glory For after the decease of Henry the last of the Kings of Portugall King Philip resolving his Army should move thither and doubtfull whom to make Generall passed by many that stood faire for the Imployment chusing the Duke of Alva not without the admiration of the world to see him trust a man discontented by long Banishment to command in Chiefe in the greatest Warre he ever undertooke Nay it is reported that Alva himselfe glorying to the Messengers that brought his Repeale said he wondred that for the Conquest of a Kingdom his Majesty should have use of a fettered Generall Diverse thought this more proudly spoken tâ—en became an Exile but the King tooke it well as he that looking upon his Actions easily pardoned the freedome of his Words Nor was the King deceived in Alva
132. l. 6. p. 24. as keth the Duke of Alva what punishment he thinks due to the Gantois l. 7. p. 39. his words concerning the magnitude of Gant ibid. and the nature of the Low-countrey men l. 6. p. 23. he thinks of reducing the Low-countreys into the form of a Kingdome l. 1. p. 15. why he forbare to do it p. 16. how he amplified the Principalitie of the Netherlands ibid. he meant to have encreased the Bishopricks of the Low-countreys l. 1. p. 17. why he went not on with his defigne ibid. Charles the fifth Prince of Burgundy abrogates the innovation of taxing the Low-countreys at the hundreth part l. 7. p. 69 70. he prepares Edicts and Arms against the Lutberans l. 2. p. 34. l. 9. p. 42. his Decrees and Edicts published l. 4. p. 96. they are thought to be severe and breach of priviledge to the Brabanters l. 5. p. 98. they are defended l. 5. p. 104 105. qualified l. 5. p. 106. sent into Spain l. 5. p. 114. He begets his daughter Margaret at Ondenard in the Law-countreys l. 1 p. 20. and Don Iohn of Austria at Ratisbone in Germany l. 1. p. 16. with whom he is compared p. 19. he espouseth Margaret to Alexander Medices l. 1. p. 21. and after his death to Octavio Farneze p. 22. his wife Isabella of Portugal l. 10. 17. by whom he had Philip the second l. 9. p. 43. his parity and disparity with King Philip l. 2. p. 38. his daughter Mary l. 7. p. 43. he makes his Will at Ausburg l. 1. p. 10. prepares to resigne his Kingdoms p. 3. Creates his sonne Philip master of the Order of the Golden Fleece ibid. gives him the Low-countreys and Burgundy l. 1. p. 4. then all his Kingdomes p. 5. repeats his own actions l. 1. p. 4. His speech at the resignment of his Kingdome to his sonne ibid. he gives away the Empire p. 5. he sends the Imperiall Crown and Scepter by the Prince of Orange to his brother Ferdinand ibid. l. 2. p. 44. his desire to transfer the Kingdome of the 〈◊〉 to his son Philip l. 1. p. 5. from Zeland be weighs anchours for Spain ibid. The ship he sailed in after he was landed sunk immediately ibid. his words when he came on shore ibid. a suspicion that his mind was changed l. 1 p. 5. he visites Charles Prince of Spain p. 6. builds himself a house adjoyning to the Monastery of St. Iustâ—m ibid. his family and furniture l. 1. p. 6. his daily exercises in that solitude ibid. his Whip or discipline died in his bloud much reverenced p. 7. he keeps the anniversary of his mothers death ibid. he celebrates his own Funeralls ibid. falls sick l. 1. p. 7. discovers his son Iohn to King Philip l. 10. p. 17. dies religiously l. 1. p. 8. The prodigies at his death l. 1. p. 8. the years of his Government ibid. the severall conjectured Causes of his Resignation l. 1. p. 8. Charles of Austria Prince of Spain l. 7. p. 43. his nature ibid. not approved of by his Grandfather Charles the fifth l. 1. p. 6. his education l. 7. p. 43. l. 10. p. 18. sent to Alcala l. 7. p. 43. falls from a ladder ibid. is recovered by the help of St. Didacus l. 7. p. 43. Isabella daughter to Henry the second of France is designed for his wife l. 7. p. 45 68. so is the daughter of the Emperour Maximilian p. 68. how unlike he was to his father l. 7. p. 43. his hatred to his fathers favourites ibid. his patronage of the Low-countrey men l. 6. p. 22. l. 7. p. 43. his purpose to steal away for the Low-countreys l. 7. p. 44. which he imparted to some friends ibid. discovered to his father by Don Iohn l. 7. p. 44. he endeavours to fright the Duke of Alva from his Low-countrey expedition ibid. being to take horse in the morning he is in the night seized on by his father l. 7. p. 44. committed to his chamber p. 45. his infelicity ibid. and Death p. 45. the causes of his imprisonment and death ibid. He Don Iohn and Alexander Farnâ—ze compared together l. 10. p. 18. Charles Count Barlamont Governour of Naâ—â—â—e l. 1. p. 16. the asserror of Religion l. 10 p. 5. his sonnes ibid. his known fidelity to the King l. 1. p. 25. l. 3. p. 69. l 10. p. 5. one of Granvels party l. 4. p. 81. manifests his readiness to take arms for the King l. 5. p 129. informs the Governess what the Knights of the Order had designed l. 3. p. 69. when Duke Areschott and Count Egmont fell out he mediated between them l. 3. p. 72. his vote against the Covenanters l. 5. p. 103. he gives the name of Gâ—enses by way of contempt to the petitioning Covenanters l. 5. p. 109. takes the Oath of allegiance l. 6. p. 11. is by force taken out of the Senate and imprisoned in Bruxels l. 8. p. 20 dies at Namure l. 10. p. 5. his Obsequies ibid. his Encomion ibid. Charles Boisot Governour of Zeland sent by the Prince of Orange into Duveland l. 8. p. 10. slain by the Royallusts p. 13 St. Charles Cardinall Borromeo l. 8. p. 1â— Charles Brime Count Megan Governour of Gelderland and Zurphen l. 1. p. 17. l. 2. p. 41. gives the Governess intelligence of the Lords conspiracy l. 5. p. 99. and of souldiers levied in Saxony l. 7. p. 47. discovers to her the Covenanters l. 5. p. 101. his vote in Councel l. 5. p. 103. sent before by the Governess to quiet the sedition at Antwerp l. 5. p. 118. and to the Buss and Maâ—strieht l. 6. p. 2. Megen printed Mela takes the Oath of Allegeance l. 9. p. 11. beats the Covenanting Rebels out of Amsterdam l. 6. p. 19. drives them into Waterland ibid. is highly favoured by the Governesse p. 48. governs Frisland in the place of Count Aremberg deceased ibid. l. 7. p. 58. his Votive montment at Swoll in Leovard l. 7. p. 48. he dies ibid. Charls Croi Marquess of Haure returns from Spain to the Low-countreys l. 8. p. 19. sent by the Deputies of the Estates with an Army to Antwerp l. 8. p. 22. commands a Wing of Horse at the battel of Giâ—â—slac l. 9. p. 50. Charles Davalo son to Vastius Captain of a troop of Horse in the Low-countreys l. 6. p. 30 Charles Egmont Duke of Gelder l. 1. p. 19 Charles Farneze twin-brother to Alexander Farneze l. 9. p. 43 Charles Fugger a Colonell betrayed by his souldiers l. 9. p. 48 49 Charles the seventh of France his difference with his son Lewis l. 7. p. 44 Charles the eighth of France what an Oath he forced upon the Pisans and Florentimes l. 9. p. 34 Charles the ninth of France l. 3. p. 58. at Baion l. 4. p. 8â— his marriage with Elizabeth daughter to the Empâ—rour Maximision l. 4. p. 88. he desires assistance against the Hereticks l. 3. p. 55 56. his victory l. 3. p. 61. he
16. the first that promiseth to take the Oath of fidelity l. 6. p. 11. sent with the Fleet to transport Princess Mary from Portugall l. 4. p. 91. high in the Kings esteem l. 5. p. 135. l. 8. p. 17. his disposition l. 5. p. 136. combines with other Lords against Granveâ—l l. 3. p. 75. is with the Gentlemen Covenanters in the Prince of Orange his house l. 5. p. 107. opposeth some of them ibid. gives his Vote in Senate against the Covenanters l. 5. p. 103. is enraged at his son for joyning with them ibid. discovers to the Governess many particulars concerning the Gheuses and their Design l. 5. p. 121. his opinion of the Iâ—onomachy in the Netherlands l. 5. p. 127. of Lewis of Nassau ibid. of using Armes to suppress the Gheuses l. 5. p. 129. is Lievtenant Governour of Bruxells for the Governeâ—s l. 5. p. 130. Count Egmonts Letter to him l. 5. p. 136. his answer ibid. ready to serve the King in all things ibid. l. 8. p. 17. the Duke of Alva sends him General into France l. 7. p. 64. there he gives a totall Rout to Lewis of Nassau's horse fighting for the Hugonots ibid. his right Arme shot ibid. he writes to Margaret of Parma what the Duke of Alva did in the Low-Countries l. 7. p. 68. endeavours to pacifie the seditious Spaniards l. 8. p. 18. is designed by Requeseres on his death-bed Commander in Chief of the Low-Countrey Militia l. 8. p. 16. violently taken out of the Senate and committed to Prison l. 8. p. 20. Chosen to Command the Spanish Army departing out of the Low-countries l. 9. p. 32. Camp Master in the battel of Gemblac l. 9. p. 50. his Vote in a Councel of War l. 10. p. 8. his place at Iohn's Funeral l. 10. p. 22. Philibert Chalon the last of the Chalons that was Prince of Orange l. 2. p. 43. Philibert Bruxellius speaks to the Estates of the Low-Countries for the Emperour when he resigned l. 1. p. 4. appointed by the Governess to examine the Tumults at Valenciens l. 3. p. 62. in Senate he reads a Letter touching the Lords Conspiracy l. 5. p. 103. Philipland a Desert Island l. 8. p. 10 13. Philipland besieged l. 9. p. 57. its site Ibid. Governour l. 9. p. 58. 't is invaded ibid. rendred ibid. Philip the first son to the Emperour Maximilian and Mary Dutchesse of Burgundy l. 1. p. â—7 Philip the second son to Charles the fifth and Isabella of Portugal is born l. 1. p. 9. l. 4. p. 92. why publick joy was forbidden at his birth l. 1. p. 9. he marryeth Mary Daughter to Iohn the third of Portugal l. 4. p. 92. Mary Queen of England married to him l. 1. p. 3â—4 l. 3. p. 71. the English love him not l. 1. p. 9. he moves his father and hastens his Resignment of the Low-countries ibid. the Emperour resigning makes him Master of the Order l. 1. p. 3. l. 5. p. 107. all the Emperours Kingdomes given him l. 1. p. 5. l. 2. p. 30. what answer he made to one that minded him of the Anniversary day of his Fathers Abdication l. 1. p. 6. he makes the Duke of Savoy Governour of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 11. concludes a Truce with Henry the second of France ibid. is at War with the Pope ibid. sets the Queen of England at difference with the French ibid. victorious at St. Quintin ibid. receives a blow at Calice ibid. beats the French at Graveling ibid. p. 12. makes a peace with the French ibid. marrieth Isabella daugther to Henry King of France ibid. thinks of returning into Spain l. 1. p. 14. settles the State of the Low countries ibid. Political l. 1. p. 16. Military l. 1. p. 17. and Sacred ibid. and l. 2. p. 29. Convenes the Estates and the Knights of the Golden Fleece at Gant l. 1. p. 18. Creates Margaret of Austria Gouernesse of the Low-countries l. 1. p. 19 â—4 makes some New Knights of the Order l. 1. p. 25. l. â— p. 46. treats with the Deputies of the States ibid. 26. goes for Spain ibid. as he was hunting acknowledges Don Iohn for his brother l. 10. p. 18. angry with him for offering to steal away to the War of Malta ibid. 19. offended at his fortifying Tnnâ—s ibid. suspects him ibid. the people discourse and Judgment against the King ibid. others are for him l. 2. p. 35. the diversity of his and his Fathers Disposition l. 2. p. 38. he delayes the revocation of the Spaniards from the Low-countries l. 3. p. 50. l. 9. p. 27. his reason for it l. 9. p. 32. he recalls them l. 3. p. 52. Commands the Governesse to send assistance to the King of France l. 3. p. 55 60 61 71 72. offers Sardinia to the King of Navarre l. 3. p. 59. his Letters touching the marriage of the Queen of Scotland l. 3. p. 59. he sends from Italy Auxiliaries into France l. 3. p. 60. gives his reasons for increasing the Low-countrey Bishops l. 3. p. 71. defends Granvel ibid. his answer to the Letter signed by Count Egmont the Prince of Orange and Count Horne l. 3. p. 73. a false rumor of his being murthered l. 4. p. 77. his Commands to the Governesse concerning infamous Libels ibid. and the Cognizances given by the Lords ibid. 78. and the punishment of Hereticks l. 4. p. 84. he sends away Granvell from the Low-Countries l. 4. p. 79. goes to take possession of the Kingdome of Portugal l. 4. p. 82. seriously commends to the Governesse the Care of Religion l. 4. p. 83. instructs her how to intercept the Hereticks ibid. his bounty to English Exiles ibid. his earnestnesse in receiving the Councel of Trent l. 4. p. 85. his difference with the Pope ibid. in great indignation he recalls his Embassadour from Rome ibid. gives an account to the Low-countrey men and to the Princes of Europe of the occasion of the Conference at Bayon l. 4. p. 87. why he was not there in person ibid. 88. he consults the Divines what their opinion was touching Liberty of Conscience desired by the Low-countrey men l. 4. p. 89. his words before the Image of Christ ibid. his Instructions delivered to Count Egmont ibid. p. 90. and Alexander Farntze to be conducted into the Low-countries ibid. his Letter to the Governesse touching the Marriage of Alexander Farneze l. 4. p. 91. he enjoynes her to punish the Hereticks c. l. 4. p. 96. he receives intelligence from the Governesse of the Conspiracy of the Low-countrey Lords and of their annuall Actings l. 5. p. 102 106 113 114. is not satisfied with the Requests made by the Embassadour Mâ—ntiny ibid. unseasonably defers the grant of a Pardon to the Covenanters l. 5. p. 115. promiseth his personal presence in the Low-countries ibid. how he assented to the desires of the Governesse l. 5. p. 120. he Commands her to make preparations of Armes l. 5. p. 132. gives
Belgick Provinces against the Romans l. 7. p. 70. of the Moores against the King of Spain l. 6. p. 22. of the Hugonots against the King of France l. 6. p. 26. by the Prince of Orange in the Low-countries attempted and matured l. 7. p. 70. the Rebel Cities receive from him Governours Lawes and Imposititions l. 7. p. 72. from whence the Low-Countrey men and the Prince of Orange had their occasion of Rebeling l. 2. p. 48. l. 7. p. 70. first from the Cause of Religion l. 5. p. 133 134. l. 6. p. 1. 7. 11. then from Taxes layed upon them l. 7. p. 71 73. afterwards from the Mutinous Spaniards vide Gentlemen Covenanters l. 8. p. 20. Recovery of Cities Revolted from the King l. 7. p. 77. of Mons ibid. its description ibid. of the Province of Limburg l. 10. p. 2. its delineation l. 10. p. 1. Reformed vide Religion Reformed Regiment of Naples l. 6. p. 30. of Sardinia cashiered and punished l. 7. p. 58. a magnanimous one of the Royallists l. 8. p. 11. a Squadron of Walloones l. 9. p 50. vide Army Register of the Empire l. 1. p. 2. Regâ—ard vide Simon Religion holds forth Worship to God and Peace to men l. 2. p. 33. Preserver of peace and tranquility ibid. holds the People in due obedience l. 2. p. 46. the manner of advancing it in the Low-countries l. 1. p. 18. Penal Edicts against irreligion l. 2. p. 49. l. 4. p. 96. the Cognizance of the Cause of Religion to whom it appertains l. 2. p. 33. l. 4. p. 84 85. l. 5. p. 105. against the Violaters thereof what provision was made l. 2. p. 33. 'T is injured by Luther ibid. the League for Religion approved of by the Hereticks l. 5. p. 138. Religion commended by the Emperour to the Estates of the Low-Countries l. 1. p. 4. by the King to the Covernesse and Estates l. 1. p. 27. l. 4. p. 83 90 96. a Conspiracy against l. 5. p. 141. wrong offered to it l. 1. p. 9. l. 5. p. 113 116 121. Scandalous Libels against it l. 4. p. 77. l. 5. p. 112. hatred to it l. 3. p. 56. l. 8. p. 8. the Cause of the Low-countrey War l. 1. p. 3. l. 9. p. 1. 9 30. its Restitution by the Governesse l. 4. p. 83. l. 5. p. 130. l. 6. p. 18 20. by the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 64. a new oath formed against it l. 5. p. 107. l. 9. p. 39. liberty of Religion sought for in the Low-countries l. 5. p. 99 102 119 129. extorted l. 9. p. 41. Consultations concerning it l 1 p. 18. l. 6. p. 15. Religion Reformed secured in the Low-Countries l. 5. p. 127. Councels held in France and the Low-countries to destroy it l. 2. p. 46. the Prince of Orange makes use thereof to keep Townes against the Spaniards l. 10. p. 5. vide Gheuses the Disturbers of the Catholick Religion l. 5. p. 134. Revolters from it l. 9. p. 37. Men of doubtful Religion l. 3. p. 75. the Religious turned out of the Low-Countrey Cities l. 5. p. 132. l 9 p. 40 41. their Monasteries l. 2. p. 30. plundered l. 3. p. 64. l. 5. p. 122 127 137. Reliques of Saints preserved from fire and ruine l. 10. p. 5. more valued then Jewels l. 4. p. 94. Remedies seasonably applyed l. 8. p. 19. sometimes bettered by Contempt l. 4. p. 79. and rash in precip tated misfortunes l. 10. p. 21. the best when one Man Governes l. 8. 16 17. the Remedy of imminet Mischief l. 5. p. 112 113. Rene daughter to Lewis King of France married to Hercules Duke of Ferrara l. 1. p. 21. her daughter designed for Wife to Alexander Farneze l. 4. p. 91. Renatus son to Henry of Nassau Clande Chalon l. 2. p. 43. Rendition of Low-countrey Cities and Provinces to the Spaniards l. 6. p. 11. l. 9. p. 52. of many places to the Prince of Orange l. 7. p. 73. of Oudenaerd l. 7. p. 75. of Brill l. 7. p. 70 72. of Mons l. 7. p. 73. of Dendermund l. 7. p. 75. of Centron ibid. of many Towns to the Royallists l. 7. p. 77 78 l. 8. p. 8. of Bommen l. 8. p. 13. of Bovines l. 9. p. 53. of Cimace l. 9. p. 57. of the Abbey d' Espine l. 7. p. 74. of Dallhem l. 10. p. 3. of Harlem li7 p. 78. of Limburg l. 10. p. 1. of Nardâ—us l. 7. p. 78. of Sichem l. 9. p. 54. of Maestricht l. 8. p. 21. of Valenciens l. 6. p. 10. of St. Valerey l. 7. p. 46. of Zeriezee l. 8. p. 13. of Zuitbeverland l. 7. p. 78. of â—utphen l. 7. p. 77. of Aloost l. 8. p. 18. Rentey a Castle of Artois l. 8. p. 4. Reputation l. 5. p. 110. Republick of the Hollanders how great and from how small beginning l. 1. p. 1. l. 7. p. 73. Of the Hereticks Instituted by the Covenanters l. 5. p. 138 142. advanced by Piracy l. 7. p. 73. their Fleet most commonly victorious ibid. Requesenes vide Berlingâ—erio Lodovico his son Galceâ—anâ— and Lodovico Commendador of the Knights of St Iago Restorer of lost liberty an attribute given to the General of the Covenanters l. 5. p. 109. Revolt of Cities and Provinces from the Spaniard l. 7. p. 72 73 l. 9. p. 37. Sollicitors of the Low-Countrey mens Revolt l. 7. p 71 73. Reux rendred to Don Iohn l. 9. p. 57. Ryne a River of Holland l. 8. p. 7. Roan taken by the French l. 3. p. 61. Rich mens unhappy fortune l. 8. p. 24. Rimenant a Village l. 10. p 9. the Battle ibid. Risorius Nohoc layes a plot against the Duke of Alva l. 7. p. 46. from Iuliers passes the Moes ibid. Robert Brederod enemy to Cardinal Granvell l. 2. p. 41. stands for the Archbishoprick of Cambray ibid. Robert Melodune Viscount Gant l. 9. p. 5. Robert Stuart Commander of the Scots at the Battle of Rimenant l. 10. p. 10. Roderick Gomez a Silva Prince of Ebolo one of the Lords of the Privy Councel to the King of Spain l. 2. p. 38. of great power with his Majesty l. 3. p. 8. l. 6. p. 22. his Contest with the Duke of Alva at the Councel Table and in Courr Ibid. his opinion touching the Kings Expedition into the Low-Countries l. 6. p. 23. He advertiseth the Governesse of the Marquis of Bergen's death l. 6. p. 27. and that she must bring his Cause to a Tryal ibid. writes to her in the Kings name of the Army that was to march into the Low-countries Ibid. and acquaints her with the Cause of the Duke of Alva's coming l. 6. p. 29. attends the King at the Commitment of Prince Charles l. 7. p. 44. jeeres his Rival the Duke of Alva for erecting to himself a Statue l. 7. p. 65. Roderick de Toledo a Colonel carried out of the field wounded into the Camp l. 7. p. 80. Rodolph the second Emperour by his Embassadour obligeth himself to
Voluntary inheritance l. 1. p. 4. Vorne an Isle of Holland l. 7. p. â—2 Votive Monument l. 7. p. 48. Urban VII P. M. l. 5. p. 132. Urban VIII P. M. l. 7. p. 60. Vrsel imployed from Antwerp into Spain l. 3. p. 66. Utricht honoured with the prerogative of an Archbishoprick l. 1. p. 18. the Townsmen out the Catholicks from their Churches l. 5. p. 131. threaten to revolt from the King l. 6. p. 1. Vulgar Apostles who l. 3. P. 61. Vulgar interpretation of the Hoods l. 4. p. 78. vâ—de peole Uzeda l. 7. p. 112. Sentences in V. VICES that passe from hand to hand are soiled with being touched and grow still fouler l. 5. p. 115. It is not easie to hold mens hands when VICTORY showes them at once revenge and booty l. 8. p. 24. What is VISIBLE is slighted l. 1. p. 8. UNSOUND minds like unsound bodies the more you feed the more you poyson them lib. 9. p. 34. The VOTE which nature extorts we think is given to the Cause when indeed we give it to our humour l. 6. p. 13. W. WAcken sent Admiral into Spain l. 6. p. 32. Walcheren an Island l. 6. p. 2. l. 8. p. 1. Waterland an Isle l. 6. p. 19. West a River l. 10. p. 1. Westphalia l. 2. p. 36. Wight an Isle of England and its Governour l. 8. p. 33. Willebroc a Village l. 6. p. 14. Wâ—rkâ—me l. 8. p. 9. Wallet an Emblem of the Gheuses l. 5. p. 110. Wallets stuck upon Spear-points l. 8. p. 10. Water-Gheuses l. 7. p. 71. William Count Bergen one of the four first Covenanters l. 5. p. 102. at Bruxells l. 5. p. 107 109. feasted with them ibid. goes with them to the Governesse l. 5. p. III. retires into Gelderland ibid. l. 6. p. 15. is impeached l. 7. p. 41. condemned in absence ibid. victorious in Zutphen l. 7. p. 73. defeated l. 7. p. 77. William Bâ—osius Treslong one of the first Water-Ghenâ—es l. 7. p. 71. turns Pirat ibid. beats the Spaniards and fires their Ships l. 7. p. 72. is the Cause of hanging Alvares Pacecho ibid. William Bronchorst dyes l. 7. p. 10. William Duke of Cleve l. 9. p. 101. l. 9. p. 30. William Horne Lord of Mese Governour of Bruxells l. 8. p. 20. by order from him the Royal Senators are Imprisoned ibid. the Prince of Orange's Emissary l. 9. p. 34. Commands a Regiment at the Battle of Gemblâ—â— l. 9. p. 50. Ingrateful to Don Iohn l. 9. p. 35. Adviseth the Jesuites to take the Oath l. 9. p. 40. his Enmity with the Prince of Orange l. 1â— p. 9. what â—is End was l. 9. p. 34. William Luâ—â— descended from the Counts e Marchâ— Commander of Horse among the Covenanters l. 6. p. 1. irreconcilable to the name of Catholick l. 7. p. 58. his Vow to revenge the Death of Count Egmont and Count Horn ibid. General of the Water-Gheuses l. 7. p. 71. his hatred to the Duke of Alva ibid. signified in his Colours ibid. he robs at Sea ibid. takes and fortifies Brill l. 7. p. 72. destroyes things Sacred ibid. is pictured putting a pair of Spectacles upon the Duke of Alva's Nose ibid. by his means the Rebel-Cities submit to the Prince of Orange ibid. his own Men offended with him l. 7. p. 80. Cassed by the Prince of Orange ibid imprisoned and banished ibid. overthrown at the battel of Gemblac he flyes to Lieg ibid. dyes miserably ibid. William of Nassau Prince of Orange l. 1. p. 5. his family birth presages Ancestors l. 2. p. 43 44. His Education with Mary sister to Charles the fifth ibid. Gentleman of the Bed-chamber to the Emperour ibid. his Services of War Civil imployments and favour with the Emperour ibid. Carries the Imperial Crown to Ferdinand King of the Romans l. 1. p. 5. l. 2. p. 44. is by Caesar commended to his son Philip ibid. Chosen Knight of the Golden Fleece ibid. the Instrument of making peace with and Hostage to Henry King of France ibid. p. 46. the Causes of his discontent and designes l. 2. p. 44. his Wit and Manners l. 2. p. 45. the splendor of his house-keeping Ibid. what his Religion was ibid. he Studies Machiavil l. 2. p. 46. his marriages l. 3. p. 53. his daughter born l. 3. p. â—1 and his son Maurice l. 4. p. 87. General of the Spanish Horse in the Low-countries l. 2. p. 28. Governour of Holland Zeland and ulricht l. 1. p. 16. and Burgundy l. 1. p. 17. designed by the people's wishes for Governour of all the 17. Provinces l. 1. p. 19. which he saith he ought to be of right l. 2. p. 45. what hindered him l. 1. p. 19. out of hope of the Government l. 2. p. 45. from whence sprung his indignation and complaints against the King l. 2. p. 38. and his alienation l. 3. p. 67. his Envy and Emulation against Granvell l. 2. p. 39 41 42. who did him mischief l. 3. p. 54 67 68. when he took the first occasion of raise troubles ibid. whence the beginning l. 2. p. 46. l. 5. p. 100. he favours the Seditious Citizens and Hereticks l. 2. p. 46. l. 3. p. 66. drawes in Count â—gmont l. 3. p. 68. with whom he is compared l. 3. p. 70. exasperates the Brabanters l. 3. p. 68. combines against Granvell l. 3. p. 69 71. writes against him to the King l. 3. p. 72. his Complaints at the Convention of the Golden Fleece l. 3. p. 69. and in Senate before the Governesse l. 3. p. 75. his dissention with Count Aremberg l. 3. p. 73. and with Duke Areschot l. 5. p. 103. resolves to come no more to Senate l. 3. p. 75. advertiseth the Governesse of the Lords Conspiracy l. 5. p. 99. whether he was one of the Conspirators ibid. at his City of Breda the Covenant was signed l. 5. p. 100 101. he complaines in Senate that he is reported to be a Covenanter Ibid. gives his vote for the Covenanters admission into Bruxells l. 5. p. 103. his Complaints against the King l. 5. p. 104. the Covenanters light at his house l. 5. p. 107. what was acted there ibid. he meets them at Culemburg-house l. 5. p. 110. Feast the Covenanters Hath a monitory letter sent him from Pius the fifth l. 5. p. 114. having been formerly admonished by Pius the fourth touching the same point ibid. the Governesse at the desire of the Citizens of Antwerp sends him to compose the tumult there l. 5. p. 118. the applauses shouts and acclamations of the Hereticks as he came in ibid. what he acted at Antwerp ibid. 120. sent by the Governesse to trouble the meeting at Centron ibid. he moves to be made Governour of Antwerp for settling of the Town ibid. he is Commissionated and suffered to have a Life-guard ibid. his design to invade the Principality of the Low-countries ibid. 129 130. l. 7. p. 40. and Holland in the first place l. 6. p. 1. he argues in Senate