widdow of both And as after the fathers decease good agreement betweene the mother and eldest sonne hath commonly weake continuance because both being enfranchised to a sudden absolute iurisdiction neither of them can easily temper the same with a requisite moderation so it chaunced that shee and hers fell at square which discord with an vnnaturall extremity brake forth into a blow by him no lesse dearly then vndutifully giuen his mother for vpon so iust a cause she disinherited him of all her lands being seuenteene mannours and bestowed them on her yonger sonnes This I learned by the report of Sir Peter Carew the elder of that name and eldest of our stock a Gentleman whose rare worth my pen is not able to shaddow much lesse with his due lineaments to represent at such time as being a scholler in Oxford of fourteene yeeres age and three yeeres standing vpon a wrong conceyued opinion touching my sufficiency I was there called to dispute ex tempore impar congressus Achilli with the matchles Sir Ph. Sidney in presence of the Earles Leycester Warwick and diuers other great personages By the forementioned conueyance she disposed of her sayd mannours as followeth Haccumb Ringmore and Milton shee gaue to Nicholas Lyham Manedon Combhall and Southtawton to Hugh East-Antony Shoggebroke and Landegy to Alexander Wicheband Widebridge Bokeland and Bledeuagh to William and lastly Roseworthy Bosewen and Tregennow to Iohn al which she entailed to them and the issue of their bodies substituting for want thereof the one to be heire to the other and in witnes hereof sayth she in her conueyance to each of these deedes fiue times indented I haue set my seale and because my seale is to many vnknowne haue procured the seale of the Maior of the Citie of Exon to be also adioyned Thomas her eldest sonne repayred this losse in part by matching with one of Carminowes daughters and heires From Nicholas is descended Carew of Haccumb who by vertue of this entayle succeeded also to Hughs portion as deceasing issuelesse From William is come Carew of Crocum in Somerset shire and from Iohn Vere the now Earle of Oxford deriueth his pedigree Alexander maried Elizabeth the daughter of Hatch and begate Iohn who tooke to wife Thamesin one of the daughters and heires of Holland their sonne Sir Wymond espoused Martha the daughter of Edmund and sister to Sir Anthony Denny Sir Wymond had Thomas the husband of Elizabeth Edgecumb and they my selfe linked in matrimony with Iulian daughter to Iohn Arundel of Trerice and one of the heires to her mother Catherine Cosewarth who hath made me father of Richard lately wedded to Briget daughter of Iohn Chudleigh of Ashton in Deuon Touching our stock in generall and my family in particular being once vainly disposed I would it had bene but once I made this idle obseruation CArew of ancient Carru was And Carru is a plowe Romanes the trade Frenchmen the word I doe the name auowe The elder stock and we a braunch At Phoebes gouerning From fire to sonne doe waxe and wane By thrift and lauishing The fire not valuing at due price His wealth it throwes away The sonne by seruice or by match Repaireth this decay The smelling sence wee sundry want But want it without lack For t' is no sense to wish a weale That brings a greater wrack Through natures marke we owne our babes By tip of th'upper lip Black-bearded all the race saue mine Wrong dide by mothership The Barons wife Arch-deacons heire Vnto her yonger sonne Saue Antony which downe to me By 4. descents hath runne All which and all their wiues exprest A Turtles single loue And neuer did tha'duentrous change Of double wedding proue We are the fift to swarue herefrom I will not though I could As for my wife God may dispose Shee shall not though she would Our family transplants itselfe To grow in other shires And Countrey rather makes then takes As best behoofe appeares Children thrice three God hath vs lent Two sonnes and then a mayd By order borne of which one third We in the graue haue layd Our eldest daughter widow fell Before our yongest borne So doe hard haps vnlooked come So are our hopes forlorne Mine trebled haue in either sexe Those which my parents got And yet but halfed them which God My graundsire did allot Whose grace in Court rarely obtaynd To th'yongst of those eighteene Three Kings of England Godfathers For Godmother our Queene The Armes of our family are Or. 3. Lyons passant sable armed and Langued Gules It exceedeth good maners to inuite your longer stay at our colde harbour and yet for that diuers strangers haue either vpon cause or kindnesse pretended to like well of a saltwater pond there made and others whose dwelling affoordeth a semblable oportunity may perhaps take some light herefrom to doe the like if they be so disposed I will put my selfe to the payne of particularly describing it and you may notwithstanding at your pleasure saue the labour of perusing it wherein I will by the way interlace some notes for the Imitaters better instruction There lyeth a creeke of Ose betweene two hilles which deliuering a little fresh rillet into the sea receyueth for recompence a large ouerflowing of the salt water tides This place is deepened to apond by casting vp part of the Ose to the heades part to the middle and part to the sides the vpper head stoppeth out the fresh water the lower keepeth in the salt the middle rayseth an Iland for the VVorkmens ease the owners pleasure and the fishes succour The Ose thus aduanced within short space through the sunne and winde changeth his former softnes to a firmer hardnesse Round about the pond there is pitched a frith of three foote heighth sloped inwards to barre any Otter from issuing if hee there aduenture his naturall theft as it would foreclose his entrance but lose the pastime of his hunting if the same declined outwards In one of the corners next the sea standeth a flood-gate to bee drawne vp and let downe through reigles in the side postes whose mouth is encompassed with a double frith of two foote distance eche from other and their middle space filled vp with small stones this serueth to let in the salt water and to keepe in the fish when the flood-gate is taken vp and therefore you must not make the frith too close nor the compasse too little lest they too much stop the waters passage It riseth of equall heighth with the banks they must outreach the highest full sea mark by two foot at least neyther ought your flood-gates foote to stand euen with the pondes bottome lest emptying the water it wholly abandon the fish but must leaue about three foot depth within In the halfe circle enclosed between the flood-gate and the compasse frith there is digged a round pit of three foot diameter and foure foot depth frithed on the sides which is continually fedde with the water soaking
deliuer then my selfe who touch him as neerely as Tacitus did Agricola I will therefore bound the same within his desert and onely say this which all who knew him shall testifie with me that of his enemies he would take no wrong nor on them any reuenge and being once reconciled embraced them without scruple or remnant of gall Ouer his kinred hee held a warie and charie care which bountifully was expressed when occasion so required reputing himselfe not onely principall of the family but a generall father to them all Priuate respects euer with him gaue place to the common good as for franke well ordered and continuall hospitalitie he outwent all shew of competence spare but discreet of speech better conceiuing then deliuering equally stout and kind not vpon lightnesse of humour but soundnesse of iudgement inclined to commiseration readie to relieue Briefely so accomplished in vertue that those who for many yeeres together wayted in neerest place about him and by his example learned to hate vntruth haue often deepely protested how no curious obseruation of theirs could euer descrie in him any one notorious vice By his first foreremembred wife he had 4. daughters married to Carew Summaster Cosowarth Denham by his later the daughter of Sir Robert Denis 2. sonnes and 2. daughters the elder euen from his young yeeres began where his father left and with so temperate a course treadeth iust in his footesteps that hee inheriteth as well his loue as his liuing The younger brother followeth the Netherland wars with so wel-liked a cariage that hee outgoeth his age and time of seruice in preferment Their mother equalleth her husbands former children and generally all his kinred in kind vsage with her owne and is by them all againe so acknowledged and respected Of Saint Peran wee haue spoken before which too well brooketh his surname in Sabulo for the light-sand carried vp by the North wind from the sea shore daily continueth his couering and marring the land adioynant so as the distresse of this deluge draue the Inhabitants to remooue their Church howbeit when it meeteth with any crossing brooke the same by a secret antipathy restraineth and barreth his farder incroching that way In Withiell Parish of this Hundred one Gidly not many yeeres sithence digged downe a little hillocke or Borough callâ—… Borsneeuas in English Cheapfull there with to thicken his lother ground In the bottome of which he found three white stones triangle-wise as pillers supporting another flat one some two foote and a halfe square and in the midst betweene them and vnder it an earthen Pot halfe full of a blacke flymie and ill-sauouring substance which doubtlesse was once the ashes of so he notable person there committed to that maner of buriall Saint Agnes one of the high hils which I specially recited in my former booke by his entrailes like â—romeâ—heus feedeth the Tynners pecking or picking bils with a long liue diprofit albeit their scarce Eagle eyes sometimes mistake the shadow for the substance and so offer vp degenerate teares as a late sacrifice to repentance The neighbours haue obserued that of two Lakes heere adioyning to this hill and so each to other the one will foster fish and the other none at all Neyther may I omit newe Kaye a place in the North coast of this Hundred so called because in former times the neighbours attempted to supplie the defect of nature by Art in making there a Kay for the Rode of shipping which conceyt they still retaine though want of means in themselues or the place haue left the effect in Nubibus and onely lent them the benefit of Lestercockes and fisher-boates I cannot finish this Hundred with the relation of many more Gentlemen eyther through want of them or in my selfe Tirenance added to his owne liuelyhood the possessions of Littleton to whome as sisters sonne and generall heire hee succeeded he married Kendall and his sonne Roscarrocke hee beareth A. A Fesse betweene three Swords S. There dwelleth also Master Tredeniak who matched with the daughter of Viuian and his father of Marow who beareth O. on a bend S. three Buckes heads cabased A. As also Langherne B. a Cheuron betweene 3. Escalops O. Burlace A. on a bend S. two hands tearing in sunder a horse-shooe of the field and others Kerier Hundred KEry in Cornish signifieth bearing and yet you must beare with me if I forbeare to deriue Kerier herefrom vntill I see some reason for my warrant wherefore leauing that I will weaue on my former webbe of Falmouth hauen and first a word or two touching the same in generall ere I descend to the yet vndescribed West side in particular The riuer Fala falling here into the seas wide-gaping mouth hath endowed it with that name In the very entrance of the harbour lyeth a rocke rather disgracing then endamaging the same for with the cbbe it is discouered and at the flood marked by a pole purposely fixed thereupon For the rest such as compare Plymmouth and Falmouth together obserue that Plymmouth creekes are mostly coasted with plaine shoares Falmouth with steepe which maketh that the more delightfull for prospect this the more safe for riding Againe they say that Falmouth lyeth farther out in the trade way and so offreth a sooner oportunity to wind-driuen shipping then Plymmouth but that Plymmouth hath a better outlet from his Catwater for saylers bound to the Westwards and from Hamoase for those that would fare to the East then Falmouth Likewise as Plymmouth vaunteth richer and fairer townes and greater plentie of fish then Falmouth so Falmouth braggeth that a hundred sayle may Anker within his circuite and no one of them see the others top which Plymmouth cannot equall Howsoeuer they agree for competence among themselues the worst of them by most mens iudgements hath the precedence Milford onely excepted of all other Hauens in England And thus much of the whole Now to the parts On the West side at the verie comming in there riseth a hill called Pendenis where king Henrie the eight when hee tooke order for fortifying the Sea coasts caused a Castle to bee builded with allowance of a pettie Garrison and some small store of Ordinance Another somewhat like thereto in plot but different in sight was then erected in the other side at Saint Mawes of which I haue spoken heretofore Saint Mawes lieth lower and better to annoy shipping but Pendenis standeth higher and stronger to defend it selfe It should seeme the fortifier made his aduantage of the commoditie affoorded by the ground and shot rather at a safe preseruing the Harbour from sodaine attempts of little Fleetes and the mastering of Pirates then to withstand any great Nauie or maigne inuasion But her Maiestie casting an equall eye to both or rather a sharper sight to this later as quickned through the enemies diuers pretences against these places wherof Falmouth by myracle not prouidence escaped one raysed a newe fort with a
and lastly from thence to Excester But this first losse receyued reliefe through a succeeding Priory which at the general suppression changing his note with his coate is now named Port Eliot and by the owners charity distributeth pro virili the almes accustomably expected and expended at such places Neither will it I thinke much displease you to heare how the gentlemans ancestour of whom master Eliot bought it came by the same Iohn Champernowne sonne and heire apparant to Sir Philip of Deuon in H. the 8. time followed the Court and through his pleasant conceits of which much might be spoken wan some good grace with the King Now when the golden showre of the dissolued Abbey lands rayned welnere into euery gapers mouth some 2. or 3. gentlemen the Kings seruants and master Champernownes acquaintance waited at a doore where the King was no passe forth with purpose to beg such a matter at his hands Our gentleman became inquisitiue to know their suit they made strange to impart it Thiâ—â—â—hile out comes the King they kneele down so doth master Champernowne they preferre their petition the King graunts it they render humble thanks and so doth M. Champernowne afterwards he requireth his share they deny it he appeales to the King the King avoweth his equall meaning in the largesse whereon the ouertaken companions were fayne to allot him this Priory for his partage The parish Church answereth in bignesse the large proportion of the parish the surplusage of the Priory a great part of whose chauncell anno 1592. fel suddenly downe vpon a Friday very shortly after publike seruice was ended which heauenly fauour of so little respite saued many persons liues with whoÌ„ immediately before it had bene stuffed and the deuout charges of the well disposed parishioners quickly repayred this ruine At the townes end Cuddenbeak an ancieÌ„r house of the Bishops from a well aduaunced Promontory which intituled it Beak taketh a pleasant prospect of the riuer In this parish lyeth Bake the mansion of the foreremeÌ„bred M. Ro. Moyle who maried Anne daughter of M. Lock as he did mistris Vaughan a Gentlewoman suppressing her rare learning with a rarer modesty yet expressing the same in her vertuous life and Christian decease Iohn father to Robert maried Agnes daughter of Semtabyn and his father 〈…〉 daughter of Forteskew to whom that dwelling first descended He beareth for his Armes G. a Moyle passant Ar. A part of this parish confineth on the maine sea offreth a faire landing place called Seaton howbeit by a handsome fence forbidding any foes inuasion it is ouerlooked vpon the one side of the riuer which there dischargeth his streame into the Ocean by Keuerel the ancient house of the Langdons Gent. in former times of faire reuennues whose Armes are Ar. a Cheuron betweene 3. Beares heads erased Sa. The house perhaps borowing his name of Cheâ—ereal al French word signifying a wild Goat as those high elifs affoord them a commodious inhabitance and on the other by Tregonnock the dwelling of M. Tho Smith who in a quiet honest retirednes findeth that contentmet which many ambitious heads far and wide doe vainely seeke for he maried Tre 〈…〉 his father Robert one of the daughters and heires to Killigrew and his sonne Iohn Priscilla the daughter of M. Geo. Wadham His Armes B. a Soultier Ar. betweene 4. Martlets O. Leauing S. Germanes and passing through Laurake parish in which M. Peter Courtney hath an high seated house called WottoÌ„ you descend to Noddet or bridge where the riuer Lyner first mingleth his fresh streame with the brinish waues touching whose name and quality one delighted in the solitary solace of his banks more affecting his owne recreation then hunting after any others good liking descanted thus WHo first gaue Lyners name Or from what cause it came Hard 't is for certaine to expresse Experience yet directs By tryall of effects Thereatto ayme and frame a gesse Is 't that as she thee bear'th So thou doest line the earth With purfeld streames of blew and white Or at a line doth guide So thou doest leuell slide And throw'st into the sea thy mite Is 't that with twisted line The Angler doth vntwine The fishes life by giuing-breath Or as the threshing lout Rusheth his Lyners out So Lyner on his course rushetht Or as some puppy feat Liueth a mastiue great And getteth whelps of mongrell kinde Lyner the sea so lines And streame with waue combines Begetting waters freshly brin'de Item WHen Sunne the earth least shadow spares And highest stalles in heauen his seat Then Lyners peeble bones he bares Who like a lambe doth lowly blear And faintly sliding euery rock Plucks from his foamy fleece a lock Before a riuer now a rill Before a fence now searce a bound Children him ouer-leape at will Small beasts his deepest bottome sound The heauens with brasse enarch his head And earth of yron makes his bed But when the milder-mooded skie His face in mourning weedes doth wrap For absence of his clearest die And drops teares in his Centers lap Lyner gynnes Lyon-like to roare And scornes old bankes should bound him more Then second Sea he rolles and bear's Rockes in his wombe riekes on his backe Downe-borne bridges vptorne wear's Witnesse and wayle his force their wracke Into mens houses fierce he breakes And on each stop his rage he wreakes Shepheard adiew's his swymming flocke The Hinde his whelmed haruest hope The strongest rampire fear 's his shocke Plaines scarce oan serue to giue him scope Nor hils a barre whereso he stray'th Ensue losse terrour ruine death In following the course of Lyner you fall downe by Master Bonds auncient house of Earth descended to his auncesters from the daughter and heire of that name to that of Master Wiuels newly and fayrely builded on which abbutteth Ma. Bullers Shillingham not so much beholden to the owners inhabitance as to natures pleasant and commodious seating Bond married with Fountaine his father with Fits his Armes are Ar. on a Cheuron Sa. three Befants Next wee take view of Trematon Castle as it doth of the Hauen and Countrie adioyning It is or rather was one of the Dukes foremencioned foure houses for now all the inner buildings are sunke into ruine onelythere remaine the Iuie-tapissed wals of the Keepe and base Court and a poore dwelling for the keeper of the Gayle to which prisoners are brought vpon actions from al places appurtenaÌ„t to that large Lordship if they cannot by suretiship discharge themselues from the Bailiefes arrest I haue receiued information from one auerring eye-witnes that about fourescore yeres since there was digged vp in the Parish Chauncell a Leaden coffin which being opened shewed the proportion of a verie bigge man but when the hands went about to ascertaine themselues as well as their eyes the body verified that Omnis caro puluis The partie farder told me how a writing graued in the Lead expressed the same to bee the
Church of Launceston it selfe fetcheth his title of dedication from Mary Magdalen whose image is curiously hewed in a side of the wall and the whole Church fayrely builded The towne was first founded saith M. Hooker by Eadulphus brother to Alpsius Duke of Deuon and Cornwall and by his being girded with a wall argueth in times past to haue caried some valew A newe increase of wealth expresseth it selfe in the Inhabitants late repayred and enlarged buildings They are gouerned by a Maior and his scarlet-robde brethren and reape benefit by their fayres and markets and the County Assizes The Statute of 32. Henry 8. which tooke order touching Sanctuaries endowed this towne with the priuiledge of one but I find it not turned to any vse To the town there is adioynant in site but sequestred in iurisdiction an ancient Castle whose steepe rocky-footed Keepe hath his top enuironed with a treble wal and in regard thereof men say was called Castle terrible The base court compriseth a decayed Chappell a large hall for holding the shire Assizes the Constables dwelling house and the common Gayle About 60 yeeres past there were found certaine leather coynes in the Castle wall whose faire stamp and strong substance till then resisted the assault of time as they would now of couetousnesse A little without the towne were founded a Friery and anno 1128. an Abbey furthered by Reignald Earle of Cornwall About 2. miles distant from Launceston Penheale mannour coasteth the high way claiming the right of anciēt demain sometimes appertaining to the Earles of Huntingdon but purchased not long sithence by the late M. George Greinuile who descended from a yonger brother of that family and through his learning and wisdome aduanced his credit to an especiall good regard in his Countrey He maried Iulian one of the 6. daughters and heires of William Viel and Iane the daughter to Sir Iohn Arundel of Trerne Richard his father tooke to wife one of Kelwayes heires and Degory his graund-father one of the inheritors to Tregarthen which helps together with his owne good husbandry haue endowed his sonne with an elder brothers liuelyhood he beareth G. three Restes O. In Lezant parish heereby master Christopher Harris owneth a third part of Trecarell the proiect and onset of a sumptuous building as coheire to the last Gentleman of that name but admitteth no partner in the sweetly tempered mixture of bounty and thrift grauity and pleasantnes kindnesse and stoutnes which grace all his actions Hee beareth Sa. three Croissants within aborder A. Neither may wee forget Master Coringtons house of Newton old to him by succession yet new in respect of his owne antiquitie diuers his auncestors haue reaped the praise and reputation of a stayed carriage howbeit one of them through his rash but merrie prankes is to this day principally remembred by the name of the mad Corington I haue heard him deliuer an obseruation that in eight liniall descents no one borne heire of his house euer succeeded to the land hee beareth A. a Saultier Sa. Trebigh a priuiledged franchise is by his Lord Master William Wray conuerted to a generall welcomer of his friends and neighbours Hee married the daughter of Sir William Courtney his father the coheire of Killigrew Hee beareth Sa. a Fesse betweene three battel-axes A. Poole for his low and moyst seate is not vnaptly named houseth Sir Ionathan Trelawny farre beneath his worth calling he married Sir Henry Killigrews daughter his father the coheire of Reskimer his graundfather Lamellyns Inheritrix Poole standeth in Mynhinet parish where Sir Ionathan hath a large priuiledged Mānour of the same name the Benefice is giuen by Excester Colledge in Oxford none but the fellowes admittable wherethrough it hath sccessiuely beene graced with three well borne well learned and welbeloued Incumbents Doctor Tremayne Master Billet and Master Denis Out of Sir Ionathans house is also descended Master Edward Trelawny a Gentleman qualified with many good parts Their armes are A. a Cheuron S. betweene three Oke-leaues Vert. Sundrie other Gent. rest beholden to this hundred for their dwellings who in an enuiable mediocritie of fortune do happilie possesse themselues and communicate their sufficient means to the seruice of their prince the good of their neighbours and the bettering of their own estate of which sort are M. Becket who beareth S. a Fesse betweene three Boares heads coped sixe Crosses crosselet Fichee O. M. Tregodecke who beareth A. a Cheuron betweene three Buckles S. M. Spurre G. on a Cheuron O. a rose of the first and 2. mullets pearnd S. M. Bligh B. a Griffon legreant O. armed G. betweene 3. Croissants A. M. Lower B. a Cheuron engrayled O. betweene three Roses A. M. Treuisa G. a garb O. M. Chiuerton A. a Castle S. standing on a hill V. Manaton A on a Bend S. three mullets of the field and some others Stratton Hundred STratton Hundred extendeth the breadth of Cornewall to the North as that of East beginneth it on the South and therefore it shall next succeede His circuit is slender but his fruitfulnesse great and the Inhabitants industrie commendable who reape a large benefit from their orchyards and gardens but specially from their Garlick the Countreymans Triacle which they vent not onely into Cornwall but many other shires besides Stratton the onely market towne of this Hundred gaue the same his name and if I mistake not taketh it from Strota a street other memorable matter to report thereof I finde not any Vpon one side of the towne lyeth master Chamonds house and place of Launcels so called for that it was sometimes a Cell appertaining to the Abbot of Hartlond This Gentlemans father late deceased receiued at Gods hands an extraordinarie fauour of long life Hee serued in the office of a Iustice of peace almost 60. yeeres He knew aboue 50. seuerall Iudges of the westerne cercuit He was vncle and great vncle to at least 300. wherein yet his vncle and neighbour master Greynuile parson of Kilkhampton did exceed him He married one of the daughters and heires of Treuenuer and by her saw fiue sonnes and two daughters the yongest out-stepping 40. yeeres Sir Iohn Chamond his father a man learned in the common lawes was knighted at the Sepulchre and by dame Iane widdowe to Sir Iohn Arundell of Trerice and daughter to Sir Thomas Greynuile had an elder sonne called Thomas whose two daughters and heires by Arscot caried part of the lands to Tripcony and Treuanion with whome they matched Master Chamond beareth A. a Cheuron betweene 3. flowers de Luce G. In Launcels parish also standeth Norton the house of M. Tristram Arscot a Gēt who by his trauailing abroad in his yonger yeres hath the better enabled himselfe to discharge his calling at home He tooke to wife Eulalia the widdow of the wise and vertuous M. Edmond Tremayne and daughter of Sir Iohn Sentleger whose stately house of Anery in Deuon he purchased
the title of the worlds Empire with Pompey the towne boyes without any mans commaund parted in twayne the one side calling themselues Pompeyans the other Caesarians and then darrayning a kinde of battell but without Armes the Caesarians got the ouerhand A like prank vnder the like assumed names and with like successe and boding they plaied when Octauius and Anthony were with like meanes to decide the like Soueraignty And to the same purpose Procopius affirmeth that the Samnite boyes when they draue their cattel to feeding after their vsuall maner of pastime chose out amongst themselues two of the best actiuity and seemelinesse the one they named Bellisarius Generall for Iustinian the Emperour in Italy the other Vitiges king of the Gothes against whome hee wanted In the buckling of these counterfeite Commaunders it fell out that Vitiges had the worst whome the aduerse party with a iesting and craking maner hanged vp at the next tree in earnest but yet with no intent to kill him This while it happens that a Woolfe is descryed away runne the boyes fast abides the imaginary Felon and so fast that for want of timely rescouse the breath poasted out of his body and left the same a liuelesse carkase The which notifyed to the Samnites quitted the striplings or slipstrings of their punishment but encreased the dismay of the elder people A like accident befell sithence by testimony of the ceremonious Texera as a presage of Lewes the Prince of Condyes death 1509. Foure daies before which at Xaintes the youth of all sorts from 9. to 22. yeres age assembled and of their owne accord chose two Commaunders one they entitled the Prince of Condy the other Mounsieur who then lay in the field against him For three dayes space they violently assaulted each other with stones clubs and other weapons vntill at last it grewe to Pistoles by one of which the imaginary Prince receiued a quelling wound in his head about 10. a clock in the morning the very howre faith this Portugall confessour that the Prince himselfe by a like shot was slaughtered The same authour voucheth a semblable chaunce somewhat before the siege of Rochell 1572. where some of the boyes banded themselues as for the Maior and others for the King who after 6. dayes skirmishing at last made a composition and departed euen as that siege endured sixe moneths and finally brake vp in a peace So doth Mercurius Gallobelgicus giue vs to wit that in the yeere 1594. a Turkish Beglerbey of Greece either seeking by a fore-coniecture to be ascertained himselfe or desirdus to nusle the yonger sort in martiall exployts led out of Alba Regalis about 600. Turkish boyes aged betweene 11. and 14. yeeres and seuered them into two troups terming the one The Christian the other The Turkish batalion Those he directed to call vpon Iesus these vpon Hala both parts hee enioyned to bicker coragiously and egged them onward with the enticemeÌ„t of rewards The token is giuen the forces encounter the fight is hote In the end the Turks betake themselues to their heeles and Iesus party carryeth away the victory But such occurrents do not alwayes either foregoe or foresignifie for sometimes they fall out idle and sometimes not at all How beit Nicetaes Chaniates taketh it very vnkindly that God would not spare some watch-word out of his prescieÌ„ce to the Constantinopolitanes what time Baldryn Earle of Flaunders and others first assisted and then conquered their Citie Touching Veall the Merecurialist I haue spoken in my former booke The youthlyer sort of Bodmyn townsmen vse sometimes to sport themselues by playing the box with straÌ„gers whome they summon to Halgauer The name signifieth the Goats moore and such a place it is lying a little without the towne and very full of quauemires When these mates meete with any rawe seruingman or other young master who may serue and deserue to make pastime they cause him to be solemnely arrested for his appearance before the Maior of Halgauer where he is charged with wearing one spurre or going vntrussed or wanting a girdle or some such like felony and after he hath beene arraygned and tryed with all requisite circumstances iudgement is giuen in formatterines and executed in some one vngracious pranke or other more to the skorne then hurt of the party condemned Hence is sprung the prouerb when we see one stouenly appareled to say He shall be presented in Halguer Court But now and then they extend this merriment with the largest to the preiudice of ouer-credulous people perswading them to fight with a DragoÌ„ lurking in Halgauer or to see some straÌ„ge matter there which concludeth at least with a trayning them into the mire Within short space after the great same dispersed touching the rare effects of Warwickshire wels some idle enuious head raysed a brute that there rested no lesse vertue forsooth for healing all diseases in a plentifull spring neere vnto Bodmyn called Scarlets well which report grew so farre and so fast that folke ranne slocking thither in huge numbers from all quarters But the neighbour Iustices finding the abuse and looking into the consequence forbad the resort lequestred the spring and suppressed the miracle How beit the water should seeme to be healthfull if not helpfull for it retaineth this extraordinary quality that the same is waightier then the ordinary of his kinde and will continue the best part of a yeere without alteration of sent or taste onely you shall see it represent many colours like the Raine-bowe which in my conceite argueth a running thorow some minerall veine and thoâ—â— withall a possessing of some vertue Aside from this towne towards the North sea extendeth a fruitfull veine of land comprizing certayne parishes which serueth better then any other place in Cornwall for Winter feeding and suitably enricheth the Farmours Herethrough sundry Gentlemen haue there planted their seates as in S. Kew master Carnsew at Bokelly in S. Endelion master Roscarrock at his house of the same denomination besides master Penkeuel Nichols Barret Flammack Caud and diuers more Carnsew rightly Carndeaw purporteth in Cornish a blackrock and such a one the heire owneth which gaue name to his ancient possessed mannour as the mannour to his ancestours His house Bokelly may be deriued from Both in Cornish a Goate and kelly which is lost and the Goate he giueth for his Armes This GeÌ„t father married the daughter of Fits in Deuon and left behinde him three sonnes Richard Mathew and William with two daughters those brought vp in learning and experience abroade these in vertue and modesty at home the fruites whereof they taste and expresse in a no lesse praise-worthy then rare-continuing concord hauing not through any constrayning necessitie or constraintiue vowe but on a voluntary choyce made their elder brothers maÌ„sion a Colledge of single liuing kind entertaining Amongst whoÌ„ I may not omit the yongest brother whose well qualified and sweete pleasing sufficiency draweth him
of K. Alfred namely how comming into Cornwall on hunting he turned aside for doing his deuotion into a Church where S. Guorijr and S. Neot made their abode quare whether he meane not their burials or rather so resolue because Asser so deliuers it and there found his orisons seconded with a happy effect Next I will relate you another of the Cornish natural wonders viz. S. Kaynes well but lest you make a wonder first at the Saint before you take notice of the well you must vnderstand that this was not Kayne the manqueller but one of a gentler spirit and milder sex to wit a woman He who caused the spring to be pictured added this rime for an exposition In name in shape in quality This well is very quaint The name to let of Kayne befell No ouer-holy Saint The shape 4. trees of diuers kinde Witby Oke Elme and Ash Make with their roots an arched roofe Whose floore this spring doth wash The quality that man or wife Whose chance or choice attaines First of this sacred streame to drinke Ther thy the mastry gaines In this Hundred the rubble of certaine mines and ruines of a fining house conuince Burchard Craneigh the Duchmans vaine endeuour in seeking of siluer owter howbeit hee afterwards lighted on a thriftier vayne of practising phisike át London where he grewe famous by the name of Doctor Bureot Killigarth being interpreted in English signifieth He hath lost his griping or reaching and by his present fortune in some sort iustifieth that name for the same hath lately forgone Sir William Beuill whome it embraced as owner Inhabitant by his sudden death and is passed into the possession of the faire Lady his widdow by her husbands conueyance It yeeldeth a large viewe of the South coast and was it selfe in Sir Williams life time much visited through his franke inuitingâ— The mention of this Knight calleth to my remembrance a sometimes vncouth seruaunt of his whose monstrous conditions partly resembled that Polyphemus described by Homâ—â— and Virgil and liuely imitated by Ariosto in his Orco or rather that Egyptian Polyphagus in whome by Suetonius report the Emperour Nero tooke such pleasure This fellow was taken vp by Sir William vnder a hedge in the deepest of Winter welneere starued with cold and hunger hee was of staturemeane of constitution leane of face freckled of composition well proportioned of diet naturally spare and cleanely inough yet at his masters bidding he would deuoure nettles thistles the pith of Artichokes raw and liuing birds and fishes with their scales and feathers burning coles and candles and whatsoeuer else howsoeuer vnsauorie if it might be swallowed neither this a little but in such quantitie as it often bred a second wonder how his belly should containe so much yet could no man at any time discouer him doing of that which necessitie of nature requireth Moreouer he would take a hot yron out of the fire with his bare hand neuer changed his apparell but by constraint and vsed to lie in strawe with his head downe and his heeled vpwards Spare he was of speech and in stead of halfe his words vsed this terme Size as I will Size him for strike him hee is a good Size for man c. Ouer-sleeping or some other accident made him to lose a day in his accompt of the weeke so as he would not beleeue but that Sunday was Saterday Saterday Friday c. To Sir William he bare such faithfulnesse that hee would follow his horse like a spanyell without regard of way or wearinesse waite at his chamber doore the night time suffering none to come neere him and performe whatsoeuer hee commanded were it neuer so vndawfull or dangerous On a time his master expecting strangers sent him with a panier to his 〈◊〉 at the sea side to fetch some fish In his way he passed by a riuer whereinto the tide then flowed and certaine fishermen were drawing their nets which after Iohn Size had a while beheld hee casts to haue a share amongst them for his master So into the water he leaps and there for the space of a flight shoot wadeth and walloweth for swimme hee could not sometimes vp and sometimes downe carrying his panier still before him to his owne extreame hazard of drowning and the beholders great pittying vntill at last all wet and wearied out he scrambleth and home he hieth with a bitter complaint to his master of his ill fortune that he could not catch some fish aswell as the rest where so much was going In this sort he continued for 〈◊〉 yeeres vntill vpon I wot not what veâ—â—â—â— or vnkindnesse away he gets and abroad he rogues which remitter brought him in the end to his foredeferred and not auoyded destiny for as vnder a hedge hee was formd pyning so vnder a hedge hee found his miserable death through penury Sir Williams father maried the daughter of Militon his graundfather the daughter and heire of Bear whose liuelyhood repayred what the elder brothers daughters had impaired The Beuils Armesart A a Bull passant G. armed and tripped O. In the same parish where Killigarth is seated Master Murth inheriteth a house and demaynes Hee maried Treffry his father Tregose One of their auncestours within the memorie of a next neighbour to the house called Prake burdened with 110. yeeres age entertained a British miller as that people for such idle occupations proue more handie then our owne But this fellowes seruice befell commodious in the worst sense For when not long after his acceptance warres growe betweene vs France hestealeth ouer into his countrey returneth priuily backe againe with a French crew surprizeth suddenly his master and his ghosts at a Chrisemas supper carrieth them speedily vnto Lahueghey and for coth the Gent. to redeeme his enlargement with the sale of a great part of his reuenewes A little to the Westwards from Killigarth the poore harbour and village of Polpera coucheth betweene 2. steepe hils where plenty of fish is vented to the fish driuers whom we call Iowters The warmth of this Hundred siding the South hath entierd many Gent. here to make choyce of their dwellings as M. Buller now Sherife at Tregarrick sometimes the Widestades inheritance vntill the fathers rebellion for feited it to the Prince and the Princes largesse rewarded therewith his subiects Wides lades some led a walking life with his harpe to Gentlemens houses wherethrough and by his other actiue qualities hee was intitled Sir Tristram neither wanted he as some say a bele I sound the more aprly to resemble his patterne Master Buller married the daughter of one Williams a Counsellour at lawe in Deuon his father a younger branch of the ancient stocke planted in Somerset shire tooke to wise the widdowe of Courtney and daughter and heire to Trethurffe by whose dower and his owne indeuour he purchased and left to his sonne faire possessions but not vnencumbred with titles which draue
wise and pleasant conceited Gent. matched with Tremayue After wee haue quitted Restormel Roche becomes our next place of soiourne though hardly inuiting with promise of any better entertainement then the name carieth written in his forehead to wit a huge high and steepe rock seated in a playne girded on either side with as it were two substitutes and meritorious no doubt for the Hermite who dwelt on the top thereof were it but in regard of such an vneasie climing to his cell and Chappell a part of whose naturall wals is wrought out of the rock it selfe Neere the foote of Roche there lyeth a rock Ieuell with the ground aboue and hollow downwards with a winding depth which contayneth water reported by some of the neighbours to ebbe flowe as the sea Of these as another Cornish wonder You neighbour-scorners holy-prowd Goe people Roche's cell Farre from the world neere to the heau'ns There Hermits may you dwell Is 't true that Spring in rock hereby Doth tide-wise ebbe and flow Or haue wee foolas with lyers met Fame saies it be it so From hence ascending easily the space of a mile you shall haue wonne the top of the Cornish Archbeacon Hainborough which as little to great may for prospect compare with Rama in Palestina Henius in Medica Collà lto in Italy and Sceafel in the I le of Man for if the weathers darkenesse bounde not your eye-sight within his ordynarie extent you shall thence plainely discerne to the Eastwards a great part of Deuon to the West very neere the lands end to the North and South the Ocean and sundrie Ilands scattered therein wherethrough it passeth also for a wonder Haynboroughs wide prospect at once Both feedes and gluts your eye With Cornwals whole extent as it In length and breadth doth lie At Ladocke in this Hundred dwelleth master Peter Courtney who doubly fetcheth his pedigree from that honourable stocke and embraceth the contentment of a quiet priuate life before the publike charge in his Countrie due to his calling and to which long sithence he hath bene called His father married as I haue shewed the daughter coheire of Trethurffe himselfe Reskimers his sonne the daughter of Saintabyn he beareth O. three Torteaux and a File with as many Lambeaux B. Leo After in the delightfull and approued description of his Countrie telleth vs of a blind guide who would readily and safely conduct straunger trauailers ouer the huge Deserts with which that region aboundeth and that the meanes he vsed was in certaine distances to smell at the sand which gaue him perfect notice of the places Likewise Lewes Guicciardin in his booke of Netherland maketh report of one Martyn Catelyn borne at Weruicke in Flaunders who falling blind before he attained two yeeres age grew notwithstanding by his owne industrie without any teacher to such a perfection in Timber handy-craft as he could not only turne and make Virginals Organes Vyolons and such like Instruments with great facilitie order and proportion but also tune and handsomely play vpon them and besides deuised many seruiceable tooles for his science These examples I thrust out before me to make way for a not much lesse straunge relation touching one Edward Bone sometimes seruant to the said master Courtney which fellow as by the assertion of diuers credible persons I haue beene informed deafe from his cradle and consequently dumbe would yet bee one of the first to learne and expresse to his master any newes that was sturring in the Countrie especially if there went speech of a Sermon within some myles distance hee would repaire to the place with the foonest and setting himselfe directly against the Preacher looke him stedfastly in the face while his Sermon lasted to which religious zeale his honest life was also answerable For as hee shunned all lewd parts himselfe so if hee espied any in his fellow seruants which hee could and would quickely doe his master should straightwayes know it and not rest free from importuning vntill either the fellow had put away his fault or their master his fellow And to make his minde knowne in this and all other matters hee vsed verie effectuall signes being able therethrough to receiue and performe any enioyned errand Besides hee was assisted with so firme a memorie that hee would not onely know any partie whome hee had once seene for euer after but also make him knowne to any other by some speciall obseruation and difference Vpon a brother of his God laide the like infirmitie but did not recompence it with the like raritie Somewhat neere the place of his birth there dwelt another so affected or rather defected whose name was Kempe which two when they chaunced to meete would vse such kinde imbracements such strange often and earnest rokenings and such heartie laughters and other passionate gestures that their want of a tongue seemed rather an hinderance to others conceiuing them then to their conceiuing one another Gwarnack in this Hundred was the Beuils ancient seate whose two daughters and heires married Arundel of Trerice and Greinnile Wolueden alias Golden fell vnto Tregian by match with the Inheritrix thereof Tregean signifieth the Giants towne their sonne married in Lanherne house their Graund-child with the L. Stourtons daughter hee beareth Erm. on a chiefe S. three Marilers O. It standethin Probus Parish whose high and faire Church towre of hewed Moore stone was builded within compasse of our remembrance by the well disposed Inhabitants and here also dwelleth one Williams a wealthie and charitable Farmer Graund-father to fixtie persons how liuing and able lately to ride twelue myles in a morning for being witnesse to the christening of a child to whome hee was great great Graund-father From hence drawing towards the Southsea wee will touch at the late Parke of Lanhadron because there groweth an Oke bearing his leaues speckled with white as doth another called Painters Oke in the Hundred of East but whether the former partake any supernaturall propertie to foretoken the owners-soone insuing death when his leaues are al of one colour as I haue heard some report let those affirme who better know it certaine it is that diuers auncient families in England are admonished by such predictions Grampond if it tooke that name from any great Bridge hath now Nomen sine re for the Bridge there is supported with onely a few arches and the Corporation but halfe replenished with Inhabitants who may better vaunt of their townes antiquitie then the towne of their abilitie Of Pentuan I haue spoken before For the present it harboureth master Dart who as diuers other Gentlemen well descended and accommodated in Deuon doe yet rather make choyce of a pleasing and retired equalitie in the little Cornish Angle Hee matched with Roscarrocke Penwarne in the same Parish of Meuagesy Alias S. Meuie and Isy two nothing ambitious Saints in resting satisfied with the partage of so pettie a limit is
great deale of the sand water and fish which instant if it take any passenger tardy shrewdly endangereth him to flit for company and some haue so miscarried To this poole adioyneth M. Penrose his house whose kinde entertainment hath giuen mee and many others experience of these matters He maried the daughter of Rashleigh he beareth A. 3. Bendes S. charged with 9. restes of the field Those 2. riuers of Haill and Lo rising not farre asunder doe enclose betweene them as they runne into the sea a neck of land particularized with the name of Meneag and in regard of his fruitfulnesse not vnworthy of a seuerance Within this circuit lie Trelawarren M. Viuians house and Erisy seated in 2. parishes and descended by a long ranke of ancestours to the Gent. of that name now in ward His father married Carew his graundsire one of Militons coheires who ouerliuing her husband ended the course of her long and well commended widdowhood in becomming Lady to Sir Nicholas Parker The Eâ—zies beare S. a Cheuron betweene 3. Griffons Sergreant O. Clowance deriued from Cloow which signifieth to heare is the possession and dwelling of M. Saintabin whose very name besides the conquest roll deduceth his first ancestours out of Fraunce His graundfather married Greinuile his father one of Whittingtons coheires which later couple in a long and peaceable date of yeeres exercised a kinde liberall and neuer discontinued hospitality Himselfe tooke to wife the daughter of Mallet and with ripe knowledge and sound iudgement dischargeth the place which he beareth in his Countrey Hee beareth O. on a crosse G. fiue Bezaunts Pengueraz in Cornish importeth a head to help from which some deduce the Etymon of Pengersick a fayre house in an vnfruitfull soyle sometimes the inhabitance of M. Militon Captaine of the Mount and husband to Godolphin whose sonne being lost in his trauaile beyond the seas enriched 6. distafs with his inheritance They were bestowed in mariage but by me not orderly marshalled as followeth 1. to Erisy and Sir Nicholas Parker 2. to Laniue 3. to Trefuses and Tregâ—deck 4. to Trenwith Arundel and Hearle 5. to Bonithon 6. to Abbot Not farre from thence riseth Godolghan ball or hill at whose foote standeth a house of the same name and so intitling his owner though lately declined with a milder accent to Godolphin in Cornish it signifieth a white Eagle and such armes they carry in this sort G. an Eagle displayed with two heads betweene three Floures de luce A. This hill hath for diuers descents supplyed those Gent. bountifull mindes with large meanes accruing from their Tynne-works and is now possessed by Sir Frauncis Godolphin Knight whose zeale in religion vprightnesse in Iustice prouidence in gouernment and plentifull housekeeping haue wonne him a very great and reuerent reputation in his Countrey and these vertues together with his seruices to her Maiestie are so sufficiently knowne to those of highest place as my testimony can adde little light thereunto but by his labours and inuentions in Tynne matters not onely the whole Countrey hath felt a generall benefit so as the seuerall owners haue thereby gotten very great profit out of such refuse works as they before had giuen ouer for vnprofitable but her Maiesty hath also receyued encrease of her customes by the same at least to the value of 10. thousand pound Moreouer in those works which are of his owne particular inheritance hee continually keepeth at work three hundred persons or thereabouts the yerely benefit that out of those his works accrueth to her Maiestie amounteth communibus annis to one thousand pound at the least and sometimes to much more A matter very remorceable and perchaunce not to be matched againe by any of his sort and condition in the whole Realme He succeeded to the inheritance of his vnkle Sir William Godolphin who as hath bene said before demeaned himselfe verie valiantly in a charge which hee bare at Boloigne towards the latter end of the reigne of King Henry the 8. is like to leaue the same to another Sir William his sonne who giueth hope not onely of the sustaining but increasing of the reputation of his family Hee matched with Killigrew his father with Bonythou his Graund-father with Glynne Diuers other Gentlemen there dwell in this Hundred as Lanyne the husband of Kekewitch his father married Militon and beareth S. a Castle A. standing in waues B. ouer the same a Faulcon houering with bels O. Pernwarne that matched with the coheire of Tencreek who beareth S. a Cheuron betweene three Flowers de luce A. Lagherne who tooke to wife the daughter of Nants and beareth B. a Cheuron betweene three Escalops O. Nansperyan coupled in matrimonie with and his two daughters and heires apparent with Prideaux and Mathew who beareth A. three Losenges S. Penwith Hundred MY last labour for closing vp this wearisome Suruey is bounded as Cornwall it selfe and so the West part of England with Penwith Hundred The name in English signifieth the head of Ashen trees belike for some such eminent marke while the Countrie was better stored of Timber The Danes sayling about Penwith Steort saith Houeden made foule hauocke in Deuon and Cornwall Vpon the North sea lieth Nants which importeth a valley and houseth a Gent. who therethrough hath worne out his former name of Trengoue in English the Smithes towne and assumed this he married Sir Iohn Arundels daughter of Trerice and beareth A. a crosse haumed S. During summer season the Seales haunt a Caue in the Cliffe thereby and you shall see great store of them apparently shew themselues and approch verie neere the shore at the sound of any lowde musicke or other such noyse Beyond Nants M. Basses possesseth Tehiddy who married Godolphin his father Caffyn hee beareth O. three Piles in point G. a Canton Er. with a difference And so leauing these priuate Inhabitances keeping still the North coast we arriue at the towne and port of S. Ies both of meane plight yet with their best meanes and often to good and necessarie purpose succouring distressed shipping Order hath bene taken and attempts made for bettering the Road with a Peere but eyther want or slacknesse or impossibilitie hitherto withhold the effect the whiles plentie of fish is here taken and sold verie cheape As you row to the Westwards from hence the sea floweth into a large Caue farder vp then any man durst yet aduenture to discouer and the Cliffes thereabouts muster long strakes of a glittering hiew which import a shew of Copper and Copper mynes are found and wrought in the grounds adioyning M. Camden obserueth that neere hereunto stood the watch-towre mencioned by Orosius and oppositely placed to such another in Galitia Stepping ouer to the South sea for the distaunce is in comparison but a step S. Michaels mount looketh so alost as it brooketh no concurrent for the highest place Ptolomey termeth it Ocrinum the Cornish men Cara Cowz in Clowze that
away with the ball if they can catch it at aduantage But they may not so steale the palme for gallop any one of them neuer so fast yet he shall be surely met at some hedge corner crosse-lane bridge or deepe water which by casting the Countrie they know he must needs touch at and if his good fortune gard him not the better hee is like to pay the price of his theft with his owne and his horses ouerthrowe to the ground Sometimes the whole company runneth with the ball seuen or eight miles out of the direct way which they should keepe Sometimes a foote-man getting it by stealth the better to scape vnespied will carry the same quite backwards and so at last get to the goale by a windlace which once knowne to be wonne all that side flocke thither with great iolity and if the same bee a Gentlemans house they giue him the ball for a Trophee and the drinking out of his Beere to boote The ball in this play may bee compared to an infernall spirit for whosoeuer catcheth it fareth straightwayes like a madde man strugling and fighting with those that goe about to holde him and no sooner is the ball gone from but hee resigneth this fury to the next receyuer and himselfe becommeth peaceable as before I cannot well resolue whether I should more commend this game for the manhood and exercise or condemne it for the boysterousnes and harmes which it begetteth for as on the one side it makes their bodies strong hard and nimble and puts a courage into their hearts to meete an enemie in the face so on the other part it is accompanied with many dangers some of which doe euer fall to the players share For proofe whereof when the hurling is ended you shall see them retyring home as from a pitched battaile with bloody pates bones broken and out of ioynt and such bruses as serue to shortē their daies yet al is good play neuer Attourney nor Crowner troubled for the matter Wrastling is as full of manlinesse more delightfull and lesse dangerous which pastime either the Cornish men deriued frō Corineus their first pretended founder or at least it ministred some stuffe to the farcing of that fable But to let that passe their cōtinual exercise in this play hath bred thē so skilfull an habit as they presume that neither the ancient Greek Palestritae nor the Turks so much delighted Pelrianders nor their once countrymen and stil neighbours the Bretons can bereau them of this Laurell and matchlesse certes should they be if their cunning were answerable to their practise for you shall hardly find an assembly of boyes in Deuon or Cornwall where the most vntowardly amongst them will not as readily giue you a muster of this exercise as you are prone to require it For performing this play the beholders cast themselues in a ring which they call Making a place into the empty middle space whereof the two champiō wrastlers step forth stripped into their dublets and hosen and vntrussed that they may so the better commaund the vse of their lymmes and first shaking hands in token of friendship they fall presently to the effects of anger for each striueth how to take hold of other with his best aduantage and to beare his aduerse party downe wherein whosoeuer ouerthroweth his mate in such sort as that either his backe or the one shoulder and contrary heele do touch the ground is accounted to giue the fall If he be endangered and make a narrow escape it is called a foyle This hath also his lawes of taking hold onely aboue girdle wearing a girdle to take hold by playing three pulles for tryall of the mastery the fall-giuer to be exempted from playing againe with the taker and bound to answere his successour c. Many sleights and tricks appertaine hereunto in which a skilfull weake man wil soone get the ouerhand of one that is strong and ignorant Such are the Trip fore-Trip Inturne the Faulx forward and backward the Mare and diuers other like Amongst Cornish wrastlers now liuing my friend Iohn Goit may iustly challenge the first place not by prerogatiue of his seruice in her Maiesties gard but through hauing answered all challenges in that pastime without blemish Neither is his commendation bounded within these limits but his cleane made body and actiue strength extend with great agility to whatsoeuer other exercise of the arme or legge besides his abilitie vpon often tryall to take charge at Sea eyther as Master or Captayne All which good parts hee graceth with a good fellowlike kinde and respectfull carriage Siluer prizes for this and other actiuities were wont to be carried about by certaine Circumferanei or set vp for Bidales but time or their abuse hath now worne them out of date and vse The last poynt of this first booke is to plot downe the Cornish gouernment which offreth a double consideration the one as an entire state of it selfe the other as a part of the Realme both which shal be seuerally handled Cornwall as an entire state hath at diuerstimes enioyed sundry titles of a Kingdome Principality Duchy and Earledome as may appeare by these few notes with which I haue stored my selfe out of our Chronicles If there was a Brute King of Brittaine by the same authority it is to bee proued that there was likewise a Corineus Duke of Cornwall whose daughter Gwendolene Brutes eldest sonne Locrine tooke to wife and by her had issue Madan that succeeded his father in the kingdome Next him I finde Henninus Duke who maried Gonorille one of King Leirs daughters and heires and on her begat Morgan but whiles he attempted with his other brother in law to wrest the kingdome from their wiues father by force of armes before the course of nature should cast the same vpon them Cordeilla the third disherited sister brought an armie out of Fraunce to the olde mans succour and in a pitched battell bereft Henninus of his life Clotenus King of Cornwall begat a sonne named Mulmutius Dunwallo who when this Iland had beene long distressed with the ciuil warres of petty Kings reduced the same againe into one peaceable Monarchy Belinus brother to that great terror of the Romanes Brennus had for his appaunage as the French terme it Loegria Wales and Cornwall Cassibelane succeeding his brother Lud in the kingdome gaue to his sonne Tennancius the Duchy of Cornwall After this Iland became a parcell of Iulius Caesars conquests the same rested it self or was rather vexed a long time vnder the gouernment of such rulers as the Romanes sent hither But the Bretons turning at last their long patience into a sudden fury rose in armes slewe Alectus the Emperour Dioclesians deputy and inuested their leader Asclepiodotus Duke of Cornwall with the possession of the kingdome Conan Meridock nephew to Octauius whome the Emperour Constantine appoynted gouernour of this Iland was Duke of
Cornwall At the Sinode of Arles in Fraunce there was present one Corinius sonne to Salomon Duke of Cornwall After the abouenamed Octauius his decease Maximianus a Romane who maried his daughter succeeded him also in gouernment betweene whome and the foreremembred Conan grew great warres which concluding at last in a peace Maxim passed with an armie into Fraunce conquered there Armorica naming it little Brittaine and gaue the same in fee to Conan who being once peaceably setled wrote ouer vnto Dionethus or Dionotus Duke or King of Cornwall as Mathew of West termeth him to send him some Maidens whom he might couple in mariage with his people whereon S. Vrsula her companions the 11000. virgins were shipped miscaried as their welknown history reporteth Nicholas Gille a French writer deliuereth vpon the credit of our British Historians that about this time Meroueus a Paynim king of Fraunce caused his owne sonne to be throwne into the fire and burned for that he had slayne the king of Cornwall as he returned from a feast Hee also maketh mention of one Moigne brother to Aurelius and Vter-pendragon Duke of Cornwall gouerner of the Realme vnder the Emperour Honorius Caredoc Duke of Cornwall was employed sayth D. Kay by Octauius about founding the Vniuerfitie of Cambridge And vpon Igerna wife to Gorlois Duke of Cornwall Vter begat the worthy Arthur and a daughter called Amy. This Arthur discomfited in fight one Childerick a king of the Saxons and afterwards vpon certaine couenants suffred him quietly to depart the Realme But Childerick violating the word of a king bound with the solemnity of an othe inuaded estsoones the Westerne coasts harrowing the Country as he passed vntil Cador Earle of Cornwall became Gods Minister to take vengeance of his periury by reauing off his life That Marke swayed the Cornish septer you cannot make question vnlesse you will withall shake the irrefragable authoritie of the round tables Romants Blederic Duke of Cornwall associated with other Welsh kings darrayned a battell against Ethelferd king of the Northumbers by the valiant forgoing of his life got his partners the victory Iuor sonne to Alane king of little Brittaine first wan from the Saxons Cornwall Deuon and Somerset shires by force of armes and then taking to wife Ethelburg cousin to Kentwin king of Westsex enioyed the same by composition Roderit king of the Bretons in Wales and Cornwall vnder whom Bletius was Prince of this last and of Deuon valiantly repulsed Adelred king of Westsex what time he assayled him in Cornwall yet in the end being ouer-matched in number and tired with continuall onsets he was driuen to quit the same and retire himselfe into Wales Polidor Virgill maketh mention of one Reginaldus Comes Britannorum in the time of king Etheldred Dungarth king of Corn by mischance was drowned Alpsius is recorded about this time for Duke of Deuon and Cornwall Orgerius Duke of Cornwall had a daughter named Alfride the fame of whose beauty caused King Edgar to send Earle Athelwold for obtaining her at her fathers hands in mariage But the Earle with the first sight of this faire Lady was so besotted in her loue that preferring the accomplishment of his lust before the duety of his alleageance he returnes answer to the King how the common report far exceeded her priuate worth which came much short of meriting a partnership in so great a Princes bed and not long after begged and obtayned the Kings good wlll to wed her himselfe But so braue a lustre could not lye long concealed without shining foorth into Edgars knowledge who finding the truth of his Ambassadours falshood tooke Athelwold at an aduauntage slewe him and maried her beeing a widdowe whome hee had wooed a mayde Hitherunto these titles of honour carry a kinde of confusednes and rather betokened a successiue office then an established dignity The following ages receiued a more distinct forme and left vs a certeyner notice What time William the bastard subdued this Realme one Condor possessed the Earledome of Cornwall and did homage for the same he had issue another Condor whose daughter and heire Agnes was maried to Reignald Earle of Bristowe base sonne to King Henry the first This note I borowed out of an industrious collection which setteth downe all the noble mens creations Armes and principall descents in euery Kings dayes since the conquest but master Camden our Clarentieulx nameth him Cadoc and saith farther that Robert Morton brother to William Conquerour by his mother Herlot was the first Earle of Norman blood and that his sonne William succeeded him who taking part with Duke Robert against Henry the first thereby got captiuity and lost his honour with which that King inuested the forementioned Reignald In this variance it is great reason that the ballance panche on his side who hath both authority to establish his assertion and a rarely approued knowledge to warrant his authoritie Hee dying issuelesse Richard the first gaue this Earledome to his brother Iohn Iohns sonne Henry the third honoured therewith his brother Richard King of the Romanes a Prince no lesse plentifully flowing in wealth then his brother was often driuen to extreame shifts through needinesse which made that barbarous age to poetrize Nummus ait pro me nubit Cornubia Rome Money sayd that for her sake Rome did Cornwall to wife take He had issue Henry Earle of Cornwall who deceased issuelesse and Edmond whose daughter and heire Isabell sayth mine authour was married to Moriee Fitsharding Lord Barckleigh but others affirme that this Edmond dyed without issue Edward the second degenerating in his choyce created his mynion Peter Gaueston a Gascoyne Earle of this County whose posterity ended in himselfe and himself by a violent death The last title of this Earldome expired in Iohn of Eltham yonger sonne to that King Edward After which King Edward the third by act of Parliament in the 11. yeere of his raigne erected the same to a Duchy the first in England and graced it with his sonne the blacke Prince for his heroicall vertues did rather bestow then receiue estimation from whatsoeuer dignitie Since which it is successiuely incorporated in the Kings eldest sonne and hath bene so enioyed by Richard the second Henry the fift Henry the sixt Edward his sōne Edward the fift Edward sonne to Richard the third Arthure and Henry sonnes to Henry the seuenth and lastly Edward the sixt 10. Dukes in the whole These Earles and Dukes haue from the beginning beene priuiledged with royall iurisdiction or Growne rights namely giuing of liberty to send Burgesses to the Parliaments returne of writs custome toll Mynes Treasure-trovee wards c. and to this end appoynted their speciall officers as Sheriffe Admirall Receyuer Hauener Customer Butler Searcher Comptroller Gaugeor Excheator Feodary Auditor Clarke of the market c. besides the L. Warden and those others beforeremembred whose functions appertayne
many noble men besides But not too much of this least a partiall affection steale at vnwares into my commendation as one by my mother descended frō his loynes and by my birth a member of the house Certaine olde ruines yet remaining confirme the neighbours report that neere the waters side there stood once a towne called Weststone house vntill the French by fire and sword ouerthrew it In the yeere one thousand fiue hundred ninetienine the Spaniards vaunts caused the Cornish forces to aduance there a kind of fortification and to plot the making of a Bridge on barges ouer that strait for inhibiting the enemies accesse by boates and Gallies into the more inward parts of the hauen But it may be doubted whether the bridge would haue proued as impossible as the Sconcefell out vnnecessarie Master Peter Edgecumbe commonly called Peers married Margaret the daughter of Sir Andrew Lutterel his father Sir Richard married the daughter of Tregian his father Sir Peers married the daughter and heire of Stephan Durnford and his father Sir Richard married the daughter of Tremayn These names of Peers and Richard they haue successiuely varied for sixe or seuen descents Hee beareth for his Armes Gules on a Bend ermine betweene two Cotises Or. 3. Bores heades coped arg armed as the three Langued is the field A little inward from Mountedgecumb lieth a safe and commodious Road for shipping called Hamose and compounded of the words Ose and Ham according to the nature of the place Here those vessels cast anchor which are bound to the Eastwards as those doe in Catwater who would fare to the West because euerie wind that can serue them at Sea will from thence carrie them out which commoditie other Roads doe not so conueniently affoord It is reported that in times past there was an ordinary passage ouer this water to a place on Deuon side called Horsecoue but long since discontinued At the higher end of a creek passing vp from hence Milbrook lurketh between two hilles a village of some 80. houses and borrowing his name from a mill and little brook running therethrough In my remembrance which extendeth not to aboue 40 yeeres this village tooke great encrease of wealth and buildings through the iust and industrious trade of fishing and had welneere forty ships and barks at one time belonging therevnto But our late broyles with Spayne haue set vp a more compendious though not so honest way of gayning and begin by little and little to reduce these plaine dealers to their former vndeserued plight Yet do they prescribe in a suburbiall market as I may terme it to Plymmouth for their reliefe by intercepting if not forestalling such corne and victuals as passing thorow their streights cannot for want of time or weather get ouer Crymell passage to the other and surely they are not vnworthy of fauour for this towne furnisheth more able Mariners at euery prest for her Highnesse seruice then many others of far greater blaze It chanced about twenty yeeres sithence that one Richaurd wife to Richard Adams of this towne was deliuered of two male children the one ten weekes after the other who liued vntil baptisme the later hitherto Which might happen in that the woman bearing twinnes by some blow slide or other extraordinary accident brought forth the first before his time and the later in his due season Now that a childe borne in the seuenth moneth may liue both Astrologers and Phisicions doe affirme but in the 8. they deny it and these are their reasons The Astrologers hold that the child in the mothers wombe is successiuely gouerned euery moneth by the seuen Planets beginning at Saturne after which reckoning he returning to his rule the 8. month by his dreery influēce infortunateth any birth that shal then casually befall whereas his succeeder Iupiter by a better disposition worketh a more beneficiall effect The Phisicions deliuer that in the seuenth moneth the childe by course of nature turneth itself in the mothers belly wherefore at that time it is readier as halfe loosed to take issue by any outward chance Mary in the eightth when it beginneth to settle againe and as yet retayneth some weakenes of the former sturring it requireth a more forcible occasion that induceth a slaughtering violence Or if these coniecturall reasons suffice not to warrant a probability of the truth Plynies authority in a stranger case shall presse them farther for hee writeth that a woman brought a bed of one childe in the seuenth moneth in the moneths following was also deliuered of twinnes A part of Mount-Edgecumb and of this Milbrook though seuered from Deuon by the generall bound yet vpon some of the foreremembred considerations haue bene annexed thereunto Aside of Milbrook lyeth the Peninsula of Inswork on whose neckland standeth an ancient house of the Champernons and descended by his daughters and heires to Forteskew Monck and Treuilian three Gentlemen of Deuon The site is naturally both pleasant and profitable to which the owner by his ingenious experiments daily addeth an artificiall surplusage Passing somewhat farther vp you meet with the foot of Lyner where it winneth fellowship with Tamer that till then and this yet longer retayning their names though their ouer-weake streames were long before confounded by the predominant salt water A little within this mouth of Lyner standeth East-Antony the poore home of mine ancestours with which in this maner they were inuested Sir Iohn Lerchedekne Knight and not priest for he was so called of his family and not by his calling as in Froissard you shall note the like to be familiar amongst the nobility of Gascoigne by Cecill the daughter and heire of Iordan of Haccumb had issue 9. sonnes Ralph Waryne Richard Otho Iohn Robert Martyn Reignald and Michael Richard married Ione the daughter of Iohn Bosowr that bare him Thomas in whome the heires male of this multiplyed hope tooke an end Warine afterwards knighted tooke to wife Elizabeth one of the daughters and heires to Iohn Talbot de Castro Ricardi and on her begate three daughters and heires Alienor wedded to Sir Walter Lucy Margery to Sir Thomas Arundel of Taluerne and Philip to Sir Hugh Courtney of Bauncton which I take is now named Boconnock From Lucy descended the Lord Vaux and others Margery dyed childlesse anno 1419. as is testified by her toomb-stone in West-Antony Church where shee lyeth buried Sir Hugh Courtney was second sonne to Ed. Earle of Deuon had 2. wiues the first Maud daughter of the L. Beaumond to whose children for want of issue in the elder stock that Earledome deuolued the later our foreremēbred Philip who left her inheritance to her only daughter Ione and she taking a patterne from her fathers fortune espoused likewise 2. husbands viz. Sir Nicholas Baron of Carew and Sir Robert Vere brother to Iohn Earle of Oxford to Sir Nicholas shee bare Thomas Nicholas Hugh Alexander and William to Sir Robert Iohn and became
thither hath lately remoued his residence he beareth party per Cheuron B. et E. in chiefe two stagges heads cabased O. Vpon the North-sea thereby bordereth Stow so singly called Rer eminentiam as a place of great and good marke scope and the auncient dwelling of the Greynuiles famous family from whence are issued diuers male branches and whither the females haue brought in a verie populous kinred Master Bernard Greinuile sonne and heire to Sir Richard is the present owner and in a kind magnanimitie treadeth the honourable steps of his auncestors Tonacumb late the house of Master Iohn Kempthorne alias Lea who married Katherine the daughter of Sir Peers Courtney is by his issuelesse decease descended to his brothers sonne hee beareth A. three Pine-apple trees V. Returning to the Westwards wee meete with Bude an open sandie Bay in whose mouth riseth a little hill by euerie sea-floud made an Iland and thereon a decayed Chappell it spareth roade onely to such small shipping as bring their tide with them and leaueth them drie when the ebbe hath carried away the Salt-water Vpon one side hereof Master Arundel of Trerice possesseth a pleasant-seated house and demaines called Efford alias Ebbingford and that not vnproperly because euerie low water there affordeth passage to the other shore but now it may take a new name for his better plight for this Gentleman hath to his great charges builded a Salt-water Mill athwart this Bay whose causey serueth as a verie conuenient bridge to saue the way-farers former trouble let and daunger It is receiued by tradition that his belsire Sir Iohn Arundel was forewarned by I wot not what Calker how he should bee slaine on the sands For auoyding which encounter he alwaies shunned Efford dwelt at Trerice another of his houses But as the prouerb sayth Fata viam inuenient and as experience teacheth mens curiosity Fato viam sternit It hapned that what time the Earle of Oxford surprized S. Michaels mount by policy and kept the same by strong hand this Sir Iohn Arundel was Sherife of Cornwall wherethrough vpon duety of his office and commaundement from the Prince hee marched thither with posse Comitatus to besiege it and there in a skirmish on the sands which deuide the mount from the continēt he fulfilled the effect of the prophecy with the losse of his life and in the said mounts Chappell lieth buried So Cambises lighted on Ecbatana in Egypt and Alexander Epirot on Acheros in Italy to bring them to their end So Philip of Macedon and Atis the sonne of Croesus found a chariot in a swords hilt and an Iron poynted weapon at the hunting of a Bore to delude their preuentiue wearinesse So Amilcar supped in Siracusa the Prince of Wales ware a Crown thorow Cheapside in another sort and sense then they imagined or desired And so Pope Gerebert and our King H. the 4. trauailed no farther for meeting their fatall Hierusalem then the one to a Chappell in Rome the other to a chamber in Westminster S. Marie Wike standeth in a fruitfull soyle skirted with a moore course for pasture and combrous for trauellers Wic by master Lambert signifieth a towne by master Camden Stationem vel Sinum vbi excercitus agit This village was the birth-place of Thomasine Bonauenture I know not whether by descēt or euent so called for whiles in her girlish age she kept sheepe on the fore-remembred moore it chanced that a London marchant passing by saw her heeded her liked her begged her of her poore parents and carried her to his home In processe of time her mistres was summoned by death to appeare in the other world and her good thewes no lesse then her seemely personage somuch contented her master that he aduanced her from a seruant to a wife and left her a wealthy widdow Her second mariage befell with one Henry Gall her third and last with Sir Iohn Perciual Lord Maior of London whom she also ouerliued And to shew that vertue as well bare a part in the desert as fortune in the meanes of her preferment she employed the whole residue of her life and last widdowhood to works no lesse bountifull then charitable namely repayring of high waies building of bridges endowing of maydens relieuing of prisoners feeding and apparelling the poore c. Amongst the rest at this S. Mary Wike she founded a Chauntery and free-schoole together with faire lodgings for the Schoolemasters schollers and officers and added twenty pound of yeerely reuennue for supporting the incident charges wherein as the bent of her desire was holy so God blessed the same with al wished successe for diuers the best Gent. sonnes of Deuon and Cornwall were there vertuously trained vp in both kinds of diuine and humane learning vnder one Cholwel an honest and religious teacher which caused the neighbours so much the rather and the more to rewe that a petty smacke onely of Popery opened a gap to the oppression of the whole by the statute made in Edw. the 6. raigne touching the suppression of Chaunteries Such strange accidēts of extraordinary aduancemēts are verified by the ample testimonie of many histories and amongst the rest we read in Machiauell how beit controuled by the often reproued Iouius that Castruccio Caestracani climed from a baser birth to a farre higher estate For being begotten in Lucca by vnknowne parents and cast out in his swadling clouts to the wide world he was taken vp by a widdowe placed by her with a Clergy man her brother giuen by him to a Gent called Francesco Guinigi and by Guinigi left tutor to his onely sonne From which step his courage and wisedome raysed him by degrees to the soueraignty of Lucca the Senatorship of Rome the speciall fauour of the Emperour and a neere hope only by death preuented of subduing Florence Lesnewith Hundred LEsnewith Hūdred taketh his name of a parish therein as Stratton doth of a towne memorable for nothing else It may be deriued either from Les which in Cornish signifieth broad and newith which is new as a new breadth because it enlargeth his limits farther into Cornwall on both sides whereas Stratton is straightned on the one by Deuon or from Les and gwith which importeth broad Ashen trees g for Euphonias sake being turned into n. The first place which heere offreth it selfe to sight is Bottreaux Castle seated on a bad harbour of the North sea suburbed with a poore market town yet entitling the owner in times past with the stile of a Baron from who by match it descēded to the L. Hungerford resteth in the Earle of Huntingdon The diuersified roomes of a prison in the Castle for both sexes better preserued by the Inhabitants memorie then discerneable by their owne endurance shew the same heeretofore to haue exercised some large iurisdiction Not farre from thence Tintogel more famous for his antiquitie then regardable for his present estate abbutteth likewise on the
Garrison vpon the Hawe at Plymmouth and at her great charges with some litte helpe of the Countrie added an increase of fortification and souldiers to Pendenis Howbeit his greatest strength consisteth in Sir Nicholas Parker the Gouernour who demeaning himselfe no lesse kindly and frankly towards his neighbours for the present then hee did resolutely and valiantly against the enemie when he followed the warres therethrough commaundeth not onely their bodies by his authoritie but also their hearts by his loue to liue and die in his assistance for their common preseruation and her Highnesse seruice hee beareth B. Frettie and A. a Fesse O. After the declining hill hath deliuered you downe from this Castle Arwenacke entertaineth you with a pleasing view for the same standeth so farre within the Hauens mouth that it is protected from the sea stormes and yet so neere thereunto as it yeeldeth a ready passage out Besides the Cliffe on which the house abbutteth is steepe enough to shoulder off the waues and the ground about it plaine and large enough for vse and recreation It is owed by Master Iohn Killigrew who married the daughter of Monck and heire to her mother and was sonne to Sir Iohn Killigrew who matched with Woluerstone the stocke is ancient and diuers of the branches as I haue elsewhere remembred growne to great aduancement in calling and liuely-hood by their greater desert their Armes are A. an Eagle with two heads displayed within a bordure Bezanty S. Somewhat aboue Arwenacke Trefuses point diuideth the harbour and yeeldeth a seuerall Ankering place on eche side there of the one called Carrack rode the other kings rode This Promontory is possessed and inhabited by a Gentleman of that name who suitably to his name giueth three Fusils for his coat in this sort A. a Cheuron betweene three Fusils S. He maried the coheire of Gaurigan and M. Wil. Godolphin late yonger brother to Sir Frauncis her other sister Vpon the left hand from hence at the top of a creek Perin towne hath taken vp his seat rather passable then noteable for wealth buildings and Inhabitants in all which though neerer the hauens thouth it giueth Truro the preeminence the like whereof I obserue touching diuers other townes of the same situation in Deuon as Salcomb and kings bridge Dartmouth and Totnes Topsâ—â—…ain and Excester amongst which those that stand highest vp in the Countrey affoord therethrough a fitter oportunity of accesse from all quarters and so a speedyer and larger vent of their commodities In Perin was Glasney Colledge founded by Walter Brounscomb benefited by Iohn Graundson Bishops of Excester which See possesseth faire reuennues thereabouts Vpon another crecke on the same side Carclew hath after the Cornish maner welneere metamorphosed the name of Master Bonithon his owner into his owne He maried the daughter of Vinian his father of Killigrew his graundfather of Erisy and beareth A. a Cheuron betweene 3. Floures deluce S. With any memorable act or accident concerning this hauen I cannot acquaint you before my perting therefrom saue onely that Philip Arch-duke of Austriche during his voyage from Netherland towards Spayne his wiues kingdome was weather-driuen into Weymouth and with a kinde constraint receyued a more royall then welcome entertainment at the hands of King Henrie the 7. from which hee could not free himselfe but by redeeming his libertie with De la Pooles captiuity This accomplished he made ehoyce to take ship againe at Falmouth that so by the shortest eut hee might leaue least power in fortune to thwart him any second incumbrance Hailford so called of the fordable riuer Haill if elsewhere placed would carry the reputation of a good harbour but as it now standeth Falmouths ouer-neere neighbourhood lesseneth his vse and darkeneth his reputation as quitting it onely to the worst sort of Sea-farers I meane Pirats whose guilty brests with an eye in their backs looke warily how they may goe out ere they will aduenture to enter and this at vnfortifyed Hailford cannot be controlled in which regard it not vnproperly brooketh his more common terme of Helford and the nick-name of Stealfoord His shores affoord commodious seates to the dwellings of Reskimer who maried S. Abin and beareth B. 3. barres A. in chiefe a Wolfe passant of the first and Tregose who matched with Kendal his sonne with Erisy and beareth B. two barres Gemewes in chiefe a Lyon passant O. armed and langued G. And if your eares be not already cloyed with relation of wonders I will let you vnderstand how I was once carried to see one hereabouts It is forsooth a great rock lying vpon the ground his top deepned to a hollownesse not much vnlike in fashion but far exceeding in proportion the long halfe of an egge This they say holdeth water which ebbeth and floweth as the sea and indeed when I came thither the tide was halfe out and the pit halfe empty By it there stands a Chappell to it there belonged a couer so as the same seemed in former times to cary some regard But I haue heard credible persons so discredit this woonder that I dare not offer it you as probable much lesse thrust it vpon you as approoued The name thereof is Hanterdauis which turning d to t signifieth halfe a tongue More certaine though lesse wonderfull and yet for the strangenesse wel worth the viewing is Mainamber Mayne is a rocke amber as some say signifyeth Ambrose And a great rocke the same is aduaunced vpon some others of a meaner size with so equall a counterpeyze that the push of a finger will sensibly moue it too and fro but farther to remooue it the vnited forces of many shoulders are ouer-weake Wherefore the Cornish wonder-gatherer thus deservbeth the same BE thou thy mother natures worke Or proofe of Giants might Worthlesse and ragged though thou shew Yet art thou worth the sight This hugy rock one fingers force Apparently will moue But to remooue it many strengths Shall all like feeble prooue Helston in Cornish Hellaz in English the greene hall is a well seated and peopled towne priuiledged secundum vsum with the rest and one of the 4. Coynage places Vnder it runneth the riuer Lo whose passage into the sea is thwarted by a sandy banke which forceth the same to quurt back a great way and so to make a poole of some miles in compasse It breedeth a peculiar kind of bastard Trought in bignesse and goodnes exceeding such as liue in the fresh water but comming short of those that frequent the salt The foreremembred bank serueth as a bridge to deliuer wayfarers with a compendious passage to the other side howbeit sometimes with more haste then good speed for now and then it is so pressed on the inside with the increasing riuers waight and a portion of the vtter sand so washed downe by the waues that at a sudden out breaketh the vpper part of the poole and away goeth a
burial of a Duke whose heire was maried to the prince But who it should bee I cannot deuise albeit my best pleasing coniecture lighteth vpon Orgerius because his daughter was married to Edgar At the last Cornish commotion S. Richard Greynuile the elder did with his Ladie and followers put themselues into this Castle there for a while indured the Rebels siege incamped in three places against it who wanting great Ordinance could haue wrought the besieged small scathe had his friends or enemies kept faith and promise but some of those within slipping by night ouer the wals with their bodies after their hearts and those without mingling humble intreatings with rude menaces he was hereby wonne to issue forth at a posterne gate for patley The while a part of thoserakehels not knowing what honestie and farre lesse how much the word of a souldier imported stepped betweene him and home laid hold on his aged vnweyldie body and threatned to leaue it liuelesse if the inclosed did not leaue their resistance So prosecuting their first treacherie against the prince with suteable actions towards his subiects they seized on the Castle and exercised the vttermost of their barbarous crueltie death excepted on the surprised prisoners The seely Gentlewomen without regard of sexe or shame were stripped from their apparrell to their verie smockes and some of their fingers broken to plucke away their rings and Sir Richard himselfe made an exchange from Trematon Castle to that of Launceston with the Gayle to boote This Castle vaunteth the Lord Warden his steward by Patent Master Anthonie Rouse his Baylife by inheritance and Richard Carew of Antony his keeper by lease Of the ancient officers one yet retayneth the name though not the place viz. M. Porter to whose ancestor when Vantor was L. thereof one by a deed before date gaue land lying without the gate by the title of Russell Ianitori de Trematon which he still enioyeth M. Porters Armes are Sa. Three Belles Ar. a Canton Erm. It standeth in S. Stephens parish the sheafe whereof together with other farre reuennues M. George Wadham enioying in the right of his wife the daughter and heire to master Hechins liberally bestoweth in continuall hospitalitie Master Hechins Armes are Sa. a crosse Fleurty quarterly B. and G. betweene 4. Lyons heades erased Sa. langued of the second M. Wadhams G. a Cheuron betweene three Roses Ar. The same parish also compriseth Saltash in olde writings called Villa de Esse Esse his towne and such Gentlemen there haue bene of ancient descent and faire reuennues The word Salt is added thereunto because it standeth on the sea to distinguish it from other places of the same name It is seated on the declyning of a steep hill consisteth of three streets which euery showre washeth cleane compriseth betweene 80. and 100. households vnderlyeth the gouernment of a Maior his 10. brethren and possesseth sundry large priuiledges ouer the whole hauen to wit an yeerely rent of boates and barges appertayning to the harbour ancorage of strange shipping crowning of dead persons laying of arrests and other Admirall rights besides electing of Burgesses for the Parliaments benefit of the passage foreclosing all others saue themselues from dredging of Oysters except betweene Candlemas and Easter weckely markets halfe-yeerely fayres c. The towne is of late yeeres well encreased and adorned with buildings the townsmen addict themselues to the honest trade of marchandise which endoweth them with a competent wealth Some 7. or 8. ships belong thereunto It was not long since that the neighbour-ministers successiuely bestowed their paines in preaching there on the market daies and the bordering gentlemen yeelded their presence Sermon ended the Preachers resorted to one ordinary and the Gentlemen to another This affoorded commendable effects to many works of loue and charity but with the retorted blame from one to another it is now wholly giuen ouer Heere that great Carrack which Sir Frauncis Drake surprised in her returne from the East Indies vnloded her frayght and through a negligent fyring met with an vnproper ending In this towne also dwelleth one Grisling deafe from a long time who besides his merry conceites of counterseyting by signes like the Romane Pantamimi any kinde of occupation or exercise hath a strange quality to vnderstand what you say by marking the mouing of your lips especially if you speake deliberately of any ordinary matter so as contrary to the rules of nature and yet without the helpe of arte he can see words as they passe forth of your mouth and of this I haue caused him to giue often experiments And if Plyny now liued I suppose he would affoord a roome in his natural History to a dogge of this town who as I haue learned by the faithfull report of master Thomas Parkins vsed daily to fetch meate at his house there and to carry the same vnto a blinde mastiffe that lay in a brake without the towne yea that more is hee would vpon Sundayes conduct him thither to dynner and the meale ended guide him back to his couch and couert againe I had almost forgotten to tell you that there is a well in this towne whose water will neuer boyle peason to a seasonable softnes At the foot of Saltash there abbutteth vpon the sea a rock called Ashtorre alias Esses Torre which is inuested with the iurisdiction of a mannour and claymeth the sultes of many Gentlemen as his freeholders in Knights seruice Belowe this there is a rock on eche side of the riuer the one termed the Bull the other the Hen that on Deuon this on Cornwall side The Hen standeth a little distant from the shore which giueth occasion to a Packe how between it and the land the Queenes greatest ship may saile but it is meant of the farther distant Aboue Saltash Cargreen a fisher towne sheweth it selfe but can hardly muster a meane plight of dwellings or dwellers so may their care be greene because their wealth is withered Neere thereunto is Clifton a neat seated house appertayning to one of the Arundels descended by a yonger brother from those of Trerice he maried Hill his father Cole Neither hath your eye searcely quitted that when it receiueth Halton the pleasant and commodious dwelling of M. Anthony Rouse both which benefits he employeth to a kind vninterrupted entertainment of such as visit him vpō his not spare inuiting or their owne occasions who without the selfe guilt of an vngratefull wrong must witnes that his frankenesse confirmeth their welcome by whatsoeuer meanes prouision the fewell of hospitality can in the best maner supply His auncestours were Lords of little Modbury in Deuon before the descent of times grew to a distinguishment by the date of writings which mannour together with other lands through a lineall succession fell to be possessed by Raphe Wil. Raphe Iohn Wil. Raphe and Raphe whose daughter and heire Elizabeth bestowed the same with
her selfe vpon the family of the Dimocks Robert second sonne to the last mentioned Raphe saue one had issue Will. who maried Alice the daughter and heire of Tho. of Edmerston Wil. had another Wil. and he had Iohn and Iohn againe had Wil. This Wil. had Roger who vpon Iulian sister and coheire of Iohn Hill of Fleet begat Iohn and Richard father to the Gentleman now liuing and he matched with Elizabeth daughter of Thomas Southcott and one of the heires to her mother the daughter of Barnehouse besides which hee succeeded to his vncle Iohns inheritance who deceased issuelesse and being yet scarcely entred the limits of an healthfull olde age seeth his pedigree extended into two farther descents As for those outreaching mans memory I haue seene them very sufficiently verified his Armes are O. an Eagle displayed B. pruning her wing armed and langued G. Vpon the top of a creek hereby lyeth Crocadon the mansion of M. Treuisa a Gent. deriuing himselfe from the ancient and weldeseruing Chronicler of that name he beareth G. a garbe O. A mile aboue Halton standeth Cuttayle another house of M. Edgecumbs so named as wee may coniecture of the French Courtaile in English short cut because here the salt water course is straightned by the incroching banks The buildings are ancient large strong and fayre and appurtenanced with the necessaries of wood water fishing parks and mils with the deuotion of in times past a rich furnished Chappell and with the charity of almes-houses for certaine poore people whom the owners vsed to releeue It is reported credited thereabouts how Sir Ric. Edgecumb the elder was driuen to hide himself in those his thick woods which ouerlook the riuer what time being suspected of fauouring the Earle of Richmonds party against King R. the 3. hee was hotely pursued and narrowely searched for Which extremity taught him a sudden policy to put a stone in his cap tumble the same into the water while these rangers were fast at his heeles who looking downe after the noyse and seeing his cap swimming thereon supposed that he had desperatly drowned himselfe gaue ouer their farther hunting and left him liberty to shift away and ship ouer into Brittaine for a gratefull remembrance of which deliuery hee afterwards builded in the place of his lurking a Chappell not yet vtterly decayed And thus hauing coasted the Cornish side of Plymmouth hauen I hold it not amisse to make report of such great voyages as by the memory of our Chronicles or our owne view from this harbour tooke their beginning or ending Heere the neuer inough commended black Prince attended by the Earles of Warwick Suffolk Sarisbury and Oxford the Lord Chandos and others committed himselfe to the sea with a nauy of 300. bottoms for landing and maintayning his fathers right in France and hither after his glorious battell at Poictiers he returned with the captiue French King and his nobles Here the Lady Katherine daughter to the King of Spaine and wife to our Prince Arthur tooke land at her first arriuall in England Heere shipped himselfe the Lord Darcy sent by King Henry the 8. with a lusty crew of soldiers for that Ferdinands iust assistance against the Infidels but vsed by him as a stale for the vniust conquest of Christian Nauar. Here mostly haue the troups of aduenturers made their Rendez vous for attempting newe discoueries or inhabitances as Tho. Stukeleigh for Florida Sir Humfrey Gilbert for Newfound-land Sir Rich. Greynuile for Virginea Sir Martyn Frebisher and Master Dauies for the North-west passage Sir Walter Raleigh for Guiana c. Here Count Mongomery made forth with a more commendable meaning then able meanes or welspeeding effect for relieuing the hard besieged and sore distressed Rochellers Here Sir Fra. Drake first extended the point of that liquid line wherewith as an emulator of the Sunnes glorie he encompassed the world Here Master Candish began to second him with a like heroicall spirit and fortunate successe Here Don Antonio King of Portugall the Earles of Cumberland Essex and Notingham the Lord Warden of the Stanneries Sir Iohn Norrice Sir Iohn Hawkins and who elsewhere and not here haue euer accustomed to cut sayle in carrying defiance against the imaginarie new Monarch and heere to cast anker vpon their returne with spoyle and honour I omit the infinite swarme of single ships and pettie fleetes dayly heere manned out to the same effect And here in eightie eight the foreremembred Lord Admirall expected and set forth against that heauen-threatning Armado which to bee tainted with the shamefuller disgrace and to blaze our renoume with the brighter lustre termed it selfe Inuincible But I may not grow ouer-lasciuious in extolling King R. the 2. Anno 5. of his raigne by Act of Parliament restrained all passengers from shipping themselues in any other Ports theÌ„ such as are there set down of which Plymmouth was one From Plymmouth hauen passing farther into the countrie Hengsten downe presenteth his waste head and sides to our sight This name it boroweth of Hengst which in the Saxon signifieth a horse to such least daintie beasts it yeeldeth fittest pasture The countrie people haue a by word that Hengsten downe well ywrought Is worth London towne deare ybought Which grewe from the store of Tynne in former times there digged vp but that gainfull plentie is now fallen to a scant-sauing scarcitie Those workes afford store of the formentioned Cornish Diamonds The neighboring Inhabitants obserue also that when the top of Hengsten is capped with a cloud the same boadeth a showre within short time after Roger Hoâ—â—den reporteth that about Anno 806. a fleete of Danes arriued in West-wales with whome the Welsh ioyned in insurrection against king Egbright but hee gloriously discomfited them at Hengistendune which I take to bee this place if at least West-wales may by interpretation passe for Cornwall because the other prouince of that name is more commonly diuided into North and South This down is edged by Carybullock sometimes a parke of the Dukes but best brooking that name now it hath lost his qualitie through exchaunging Deere for Bullocke A little aside from hence lyeth Landwhitton now Lawhitton which as I haue elsewhere noted was exempted vnto Edwulff Bishop of Creditune from the Cornish Diocesse to which yet both for the temporaltie and spiritualtie the same oweth present subiection Mary into what new names PontiuÌ„ Coilleng there also mentioned are now metamorphized I must say amplio Those buildings commonly knowne by the name of Lauriston and written Lanceston are by the Cornishmen called Lesteeuan Lez in Cornish signifieth broad those are scatteringly erected and were anciently termed Lanstaphadon by interpretation S. Stephens Church they consist of two boroughs Downeuet and Newport that perhaps so called of downe yeeding as hauing a steep hill this of his newer erection With them ioyne the parishes of S. Thomas S. Stephens The parish