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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A03193	Englands Elizabeth her life and troubles, during her minoritie, from the cradle to the crowne. Historically laid open and interwouen with such eminent passages of state, as happened vnder the reigne of Henry the Eight, Edvvard the Sixt, Q. Mary; all of them aptly introducing to the present relation. By Tho: Heywood.	Heywood, Thomas, d. 1641.; Droeshout, Martin, b. 1601, engraver.; I. S., fl. 1631-1638, artist.	1631 (1631)	STC 13313; ESTC S104056	51,982	256

perplexed with the newes of the Proclamation of the Lady Iane as Queene of England but more especially vnderstanding that it was done by the consent of the whole Nobility herevpon the Suffolke men assemble themselues about her not liking such shuffling in State profer'd their free and voluntary seruice towards the attaining of her lawfull inheritance this being bruited at Court the great Duke of Northumberland hauing a large Commission granted and sig●ed with the great Seale of England by the vertue thereof raised an Army with purpose to suppress and surprize the Lady Mary the designe was no sooner aduanced and on foote but the Lords in generall repenting them of so great an iniurie done to the Kings Sister and the immediate Inheritrix sent a Countermand after him the Nobility forsooke him the Commons abandon'd him so that being come to Cambridge he with his Sons and some few seruants were left alone where notwithstanding he and his associates proclaimed the Lady Mary Queene of England in the Market-place yet for all this hee was arrested of high treason in the Kings Colledge from thence brought to the Tower and on a Scaffold on the Hill the 12. day of August lost his head This was the end of the great Duke of Northumberland Now those two great opposing Dukes Somerset and Northumb whose vnlimited Ambitions England the gouernement therof could not satiate one peece of ground containes them They lye quietly together in one small bed of earth before the Altar in St. Peters Church in the Tower betwixt two Queenes wiues of K. Henry the 8th Queene Anne and Queene Katherine all foure beheaded All their greatnesse and magnificence is couered ouer with these two narrow words Hic iacet Northumberland o●erthrew Somerset and ●aised himselfe vpon his Ruines Mary who was friend to neither but indifferent to both easily dispenced with the cut●ing off Northumberland thinking her selfe to stand more firme by his fall and ruine The Lady Elizabeth residing at her Mannour in ●he Country much lamented the death of her Brother being strange●y perplexed in her mind as not knowing by any probable coniecture what these strange passages of State might come to but considering that amongst these tempestuous stormes her Sister Marie's and her owne were now at an Aduenture in one bottome she resolutely first ayded her Sister with 500. men her selfe the formost Prima ibi ante omnes then the storme being ouer shee attended her Maiestie in her Barge to the Tower where was released the Duke of Norfolke the Lord Courtney and Dr. Gardiner soone after diuers Bishops suspended in the dayes of her Brother Edward were restored viz. Dr. Gardiner to Winchester and Iohn Poynet put out Dr. Bonner to London and Nicholas Ridley confind ' ●ohn Day to Chichester ●nd Iohn Scory excluded Dr. Tonstall to Duresme Dr. Heath to Worcester ●ohn Hooper excluded ●nd committed to the Fleete Dr. Vesey to Exe●er and Couerdale●ashier'd ●ashier'd The misera●le face of a wretched Kingdome began now ●o appeare They that ●●oul● dissemble their Religion tooke no great are how things went ●ut such whose consci●nces were ioyned to ●uth perceiuing that ●e Lamps of the Sanctu●y began to shine dim ●eing those bright Ta●ers pull'd out of their ●ckets and extingui●shed concluded that coles were now kindled which would proue the destruction of many a good Christian which accordingly happened From the Tower of London the Queene rode through the City towards her Pallace at West-minster The Lady Elizabeth to whom all this while shee shewed a pleasant and gracious out-side rode in a Chariot next after her drawne with sixe Horses trapt in cloath of siluer the Chariot being couered with the same wherein sate only to accompany her the Lady Anne of Cleue The fifth day of October shee was crown'd at West-minster by Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester Dr. Thomas Cranmer being at that time in the Tower The Lady Elizabeth was most Princely attended at her Sisters Coronation fiue dayes after began the Parliament wherein besides the supplantation of the reformed Religion Guilford Dudley and the Lady Iane his wife lately proclaymed Queene were both arraigned and conuicted of treason As for the Lady Ia●e how vnwilling shee was to take the imperiall dignitie vpon her doth appeare by this letter following sent to her Father a little before her death FAther althoug it hath pleased God to hasten my death by you by whom my life should rather haue been lengthened yet can I so patien●ly take it that I yeeld God more hearty thanks for shortning my wofull dayes than if all the world had beene giuen into my possessions with life lengthened at my owne will And albeit I am very well assured of your impatient dolours redoubled many wayes both ●●bewa●ling our owne wo ●nd esp●cially as I am informed my wofull estate yet my deare father if I may without ●ffence reioyce in my owne mishaps herein I may account my selfe blessed that washing my hands with the innocence of my fact my guiltless blood may cry before the Lord mercie to the innocent And yet though I must needes acknowledge that being constrained and as you know well enough continually assayed yet in taking vpon me I seemed to consent and therein grieuously offended the Queene and h●r Lawes yet do I assuredly trust that this my offence towards God is so much the lesse in that being in so Royall estate as I was my enforced honour ne●uer mingled with mine innocent heart And thus good father I haue opened vnto you the state wherein I presently stand my death at hand althought to you perhaps it may seeme wofull yet to mee there is nothing that can bee more welcome than from this vale of misery to aspire to that h●●uenly thr●ne of all ioy and pleasure with Christ my Sauiour in whose stedfast faith if it may be lawfull for the daughter so to write to the father the Lord that hath hitherto strengthened you so continue to keepe you that at the last wee may meet in heauen with the Father Son and holy Ghost I am Your obedient Daughter till death IANE DVDLEY Shee was no way conscious of those illegall proceedings practised against the Queene by her owne and her husbands father much griefe there was for the Lady Iane the Queene her selfe tooke the sadnesse of her estate into consideration gaue her leaue to walke in the Queenes Garden not debarring her of any pleasant prospect belonging to the Tower and had not her father after first offence remitted ran headlong into a second it is generally conceiued shee would haue pardoned her life his mis-councelled rashnes hasten'd the deaths of these 2 Innocents Guilford and Iane The Statists of that time especially such as were addicted to the Romish faction held it not policie to suffer any that were addicted to the contrary faction to liue especially if they could entrap them being fallen into any lapse of the law therfore vpon the

twelfth of February 1554. being the first day of the weeke Guilford Dudley was brought to the Scaffold on the Tower-Hill where hauing with great penitence reconcil'd himself to God with a settled and vnmooued constancie patiently subiected himselfe to the stroke of death The head with the body still bleeding were both laid together in a Cart and brought into the Chappell within the Tower euen in the sight of this sad and sorrowfull Lady the obiect striking more terrour then the sight of that fatall Axe by which her selfe was presently to suffer death being instantly led to the Greene within the Tower where being mounted on a Scaffold with a cheerefull and vndaunted countenance shee spake as followeth GOod People I am come hither to dye and by a Law I am condemned to the same my offence against the Queene was onely in consent to the deuice of others which now is deemed treason yet it was neuer of my seeking but by counsell of those who should seeme to haue further vnderstanding o● things then I which knew little of the Law and much lesse of titles to the Crowne but touching the procurement thereof by mee or on my behalfe I doe wash my hands in Innocency thereof before God the face of you all this day And therewithall she mooued her hands wherein shee had a Booke and then proceeded thus I pray you all good Christian People beare me witnesse that I dye a true Christian Woman and that I looke to be saued by no other meanes then by the mercy of God in the bloud of his onely Sonne Iesus Christ I confesse that when I did know the word of God I neglecIed it and loued my selfe the world and therfore this plague and punishment is iustly and worth●ly happened vpon mee for my sinnes yet I thanke God of his goodnesse that hee hath giuen me a time and respite to repent and now good people whilst I am aliue I pray you assist mee with your Prayers As soone as shee had thus spoken she humbly kneeled downe and rehearsed the one and fiftieth Psalme in English then she raysed her selfe vpon her feete and deliuered her Booke to Mr. Bridges who was then Liefienant of the Tower beginning to vntie her gowne to prepare her selfe for death the Ex●cutioner offered to help her but she turning her selfe to the two Gentlewomen that then attended her was by them disroabed both of her gowne and other attires Then the Heads-man kneeled downe to aske her forgiuenes to whom she replyed The Lord for giue thee and I doe and I entreate thee to dispatch mee as soone as thou canst then kneeling againe she locked suddenly backe and said will you take it besore I lie downe he answered No Madame then she tyed her handkercher before her eyes and being blindfold shee felt about for the Blocke and said twice Where is it then laying her necke vpon it shee stretched forth her body and said Lord Iesus into thy hands I commend my spirit the Axe met with the last word and she expired Neuer was a Ladies fall more deplored and herein it was remarkable Iudge Morgan who gaue the sentence of her death presently fell mad and in all his distracted fitts cryed out continually take away the Lady Iane take away the Lady Iane from me and in that extreame distemperature of passion ended his life Some report that the Lady Iane was young with Child at the time of her departure but though her Romish opposites were many and the times bloudy Christian Charity may perswade vs that they would not vse such inhumanity against so great a person She was indeed a Royall Lady indued with more vertues then are frequently found in her Sexe in Religion and Piety praecellent her deuoute Prayer to God Oration to the People demonstrated no lesse at the time of her Execution shee was but 16. yeares of age of inforc'd honors so vnambitious that shee neuer attired her selfe in Regall Ornaments but constrainedly and with teares whilst shee was Prisoner in the Tower these subsequent verses were found written on the wall with a Pinne Non aliena putes homines quae obtingere possint Sors hodierna mihi cras erit illa tibi Thinke nothing strange that doth on man incline This day my lot is drawne Tomorrow thine And thus Deo iuuante nil nocet liuor malus Et non iuuante nil iuuat labor grauis Post ten●bras spero lucem God on our side vaine is all strifes intention And God oppos'd bootlesse is all preuention After night my hope is light There be extant of her workes in the English tongue a learned Epistle to M. Harding Chaplaine to the Duke of Suffolke her Father formerly a stout Champion in K. Edwards dayes but now a Renegado from the Faith A Colloquy with one Fecknam a Priest two nights before her death about Faith and the Sacraments An Epistle to her Sister written in the end of the New Testament in Greeke sent the night before she dyed As for the Duke of Suffolke her Father I can parallell his betraying to none so properly as to the Duke of Buckingham in the Reigne of Richard the Third as the one had a Banister the other had an Vnderwood a man raysed by him onely to a competent estate vnto whose trust and gard hee committed his Person was by him conueyed into a hollow tree morning and euening relieued with sustenance by him euery time of his appearance renewed his confidence vnto him and engaged himselfe with millions of oathes for the performance of his truth and fidelity yet easily corrupted with some small quantity of gold and many large promises Iudas-like betrayed his Master discouered him and deliuered him vp to the Earle of Huntington vnder whose conduct hee was with a strong guard conueyed through London to the Tower arraig●ed and conuicted of Treason in the great Hall at Westminster and vpon the 12. of the month of Feb. wherein the Daugh●er expired was the Fa●her beheaded on the Tower-Hill Tower-Hill Northumberland and ●is Sonne Guilford Suffolke with his Daughter ●ane being thus cut off ●aries nunc proximus ardet 〈◊〉 was generally fear'd ●hat the Lady Elizabeth's●rne ●rne would bee next ●he Queene was no sooner Crown'd but shee sleighted her and remoued her into the Countrey the good Lady was in the meane time much troubled to see how Bethel lay in the dust vnregarded and Babel onely exalted true Religion deiected and Superstition aduanced but more especially vnderstanding that her self 〈…〉 the sword was turned into their owne bosomes she pass'd the storme and at last arriued safely to the ioy of all true hearted Christians This Birth of Ours is but an entrance into this Life where in the sight of Heauen wee must endure for a tryall of our valor the furious shocks of many fierce encounters hee that soiournes in the Camp of this life must not hope for Holy-dayes his traualie

Est mihi supp●icij causa fuisse piam Many daughters haue don well but thou surpass est them all I S. Inu●nt ENGLANDS ELIZABETH HER LIFE AND TROVBLES During Her Minoritie from the Cradle to the CROWNE Historically laid open and interwouen with such eminent Passages of STATE as happened vnder the Reigne of HENRY the Eight EDVVARD the Sixt Q. MARY all of them aptly introducing to the present Relation By THO HEYWOO● LONDON Printed by IOHN BEALE for PHILIP WATERHOVSE and are to be sold at his Shop at St. Pauls head neere London-stone 1631. TO THE RIGHT HONOVRABLE the Lord HENRY Earle of Douer Viscount ROCHFORD L. Hunsdon c. Right Honourable WHen I had finished this short Tractate which may bee rather styl'd a superficiall remembrance then an essentiall expression of the of the passages of Queene Elizabeth's Life in her minoritie I could not apprehend vnto whom the Patronage thereof might more iustly belong then to your Honour whose noble Grandfather Henry Lord Hunsdon after Lord Chamberlaine to her Maiestie her neere and deare Kinsman was the most constant Friend and faithfull Assistant in all her troubles and dangers who not onely imploy'd his whole industry and made vse of his best Friends but liberally expended his means hazarded his owne person as an Interposer betwixt her safety and the malice of her potent aduersaries which makes me somthing to wōder that so great and remarkeable a zeale exprest in a time of such ineuitable danger when all Her friends were held the Queene her Sisters enemies and her enemies the Queenes friends when nothing but Examinations sentences of Imprisonment and terrours of Death were thundred against her that her I say whom neither promises of fauor could disswade from her Loue nor threatnings of death deterre from her Seruice should not bee so much as once remembred by the Collectors of Her History Be this therefore Right Honourable a lasting Testimony of his unchanged affection to her and her Innocence from the beginning as likewise a long-liu'd Monument of her Royall gratitude towards him extended euen vnto his end ●nd to his noble Issue after him what great confidence shee had in his loyalty appeared at the Campe of Tilbury in the yeare 1588. where hee solely cōmanded the Guard for her Maiesties owne Person which consisted of Lances Light-Horse and Foote to the number of 34050 It hath pleased your Lordship to censure fauourably of some of my weak Labours not long since presented before you which the rather encouraged mee to make a free tender of this small peece of service In which if my boldnesse should beget the least distast from you I must flye for refuge to that of the Poet Claudian Leones Quae str auisse valent ea mox prostrata relinquunt Thus wishing to you and to all your Noble Family not onely the long fruition of the blessings of this life present but the eternall possession of the loyes future I remaine your Lordships In all obseruances THO HEYVVOOD TO THE GENEROVS READER WEre I able to write this little Historicall Tractate with the Pen of Tacitus the Inke of Curtius and set downe euery line and letter by Epictetus his Candle yet can I see no possibilitie to auoyd the Criticks of this age who with their friuolous cauils and vnnecessary exceptions ambush the commendable labours of others when they themselues will not or dare not either through idlenesse or ignorance aduenture the expence of one serious hower in any laborious worke intended for the benefit of either Church or Common-weale and such Polupragmatists this age is full of Sed meliora spero I doubt not but that they will spare this Argument for the worth thereof and though their carping may correct my Poeme yet they will haue a reuerend respect of the Person here drawne out whose neuer-dying fame euen in this our age is so sacred amongst all good men that it is scarce remembred at the least vttered without a deuout thanks-giuing The prosperous and successfull Reigne of this Royall Queene and Virgin hath been largely deliuered in the Latine Tongue whereby all forraigne Nations haue beene made partakers of her admirable vertues and religious Gouernment but for that part of her Life during her tender and sappy Age all our domesticke remembrancers haue beene ●paring to speake As they haue shewed you a Queene I expose to your view a Princesse they in her Ma●estie I in her Minority they the passages of her incomparable Life from the Scepter to the Sepulchre as shee was a Soueraigne I the processe of her time from the Cradle to the Crowne as she was a sad and sorrowfull Subiect in the discouery whereof I haue not fallen so pat as to make the relation of her Minority the whole scope of my intentions but haue for the better enlightening thereof made vse of all such eminent occurrences of State as may aptly introduce thereunto as for those passages in the Characterizing of King Edward the sixth and the Lady Iane Gray and others Vix ea nostra voco I haue borrowed them from my good friend Mr. H. H. Stationer who hath not onely conuersed with the titles of Bookes but hath looked into them and from thence drawne out that industrious Collection Intituled Herologia Anglicana Not to hold thee any longer in that to which all this but introduceth If the Booke please thee I am satisfied and shall rest still Thine N. R. HEN. 8. Anno 1501. ENGLANDS ELIZABETH Her LIFE and TROVBLES T●e better to il●ustrate this history needfull it is that wee speak somthing of the Mother before we proceed to the Daughter A match was concluded betwixt Prince Arthur the eldest Sonne and Heyre apparant to Henry the 7th King of England and the Infant Katharine daughtter to the King of Spaine shee landed at Plymouth Anno 1501. and was married to Prince Arthur in Aprill next following hee expired at Ludlow in that Castle which hath beene an ancient Seate belonging to the Princes of Wales Death hauing thus made a Diuorce betwixt these two Princes The two mighty and Potent Kings by their graue and politick gouernments knowne to bee as eminent in wisdome as greatnesse for the more assured continuance of league and amity betwixt them treated of a second match betwixt Henry the second sonne but then the Sole Heyre and hope of England the late Dowager Princesse of Spaine The contract by a dispensation solicited after granted by the pope then raigning was accordingly performed The marriage countenanced by their knowne wisdomes on the one side and authorized by his Ecclesiasticall Iurisdiction on the other side was held not onely tolerable but irreuocable Notwithstanding the Father dying and the Soueraigne Sonne inaugurated by the name of Henry the eight for many yeeres together enioyning a peaceable quiet raigne whether distasting his Queene by reason that by this time she was growne somewhat in yeeres or that hee had cast an affectionate eye vpon a more choice

Admirall the younger Brother married the Queene Dowager whose hap it was of all the rest to suruiue her husband she contested with her Sister in Law for precedence and pri●ority of place both were priuately encouraged both swell'd alike with spleene neither would giue way to other the one claim'd it as she had beene once Queene the other challeng'd it as she was the present wife of the Protector the two Dukes were as suell to ●his fire new kindled be●●●wixt the women Dud●ey incenseth the one pri●tely Gray encourageth the other secretly The wiues set their husbands at odds by taking their parts the Gordian knot of brotherly loue is therevpon dissolued Northumberland and Suffolke take hold of this aduantagious occasion insomuch that within a short time after the Admirall was questioned for Treason by consent of his brother condemned in Parliament and his head struck off at the Tower-hill March 20. 1549 his Brother the Protector with his owne hand signing the warrant for his death The one being thus remoued there was now lesse difficulty to supplant the other in the same month of Febr. in which his brother lost his head was the Protector cōmitted to the Tower by the Lords of the Councell many Articles especially touching the gouernment of the State were commenced against him but the yeare after upon his submission to the Lords and intercession made for him by the King hee was released this proued but a Lightning before death his great and potent Aduersaries still prosecute their malice against him insomuch that not long after calling him to a second accompt when he had acquit himselfe of all such Articles of Treason as could bee inferred against him hee was in a tryall at Guild-hall conuicted of Felony and on the 22. of Ianuary was beheaded on the Tower-Hill These two next Kinsmen to the King the proppes and stayes on which the safety of his minoritie leaned the hinges on which the whole State turned being thus cut off it was a common feare and generall presage through the whole Kingdome that the two Vnc●es being dead the Nephew would not suruiue long after and so accordingly it happened for now all such Gentle-men and Officers as the Protector had preferred for the Kings attendance were suddenly remoued and all such as were the Fauourites of the two Dukes onely suffered to come neere his person In the Interim was the Match concluded betwixt the Lord Guilford Dudley Son to the Duke of Northumberland the Lady Iane Gray daughter to the Duke of Suffolke Not long after the King fell sicke and dyed the 6. of Iuly in the 7th yeare of his Pri●cely gouernment and o● the tenth of the same month was proclaymed Queene the Lady Iane It is to this day a question both how he dyed and where hee was buryed yet others say hee lyes buried at Westminster he was a Prince of that hope that it would seeme improper thus to leaue his honour in the dust vncharacterized Hee was studious for the propagation of the Gospell the refining and establishing of true Religion the foundation whereof his Father had proiected Images hee caused to be demolished and as Idolatrous to be taken out of all Churches within his Domininions the learned men of his time hee encouraged and commanded them to open and expound the Scriptures caused the Lords Supper to bee administred in both kinds vn●o his people In the third yeare of his Reigne by Parliamentall Decree hee abolished the Masse commanded the Liturgie to be made and our Common prayer and Seruice to be read in the English tongue hee was acute in witt graue in censure mature in Iudgement all which concurring in such tender yeeres were beyond admiration In the liberall Arts so frequent that he appeared rather innate and borne with them then either acquired by teaching or study All the Port-Townes and Hauens in England Scotland and France hee had ad● vnguem not the least punctilio of any State affaires past beyond his obseruation nor did hee commit such obseruations to memory but had a chest euery yeare for the reseruation of such Acts as past the councell board himself keeping the key hee would appoynt certain hours to sit with the Master of Requests only to ●ispatch the cause of the Poore hee was the Inchoation and Instauration of a glorious Church and Common-weale hee was perfect in the Latine Greeke Italian French and Spanish tongues and as Cardanus reports was well seene in Logicke and the Principles of naturall Philosophy no stranger to Musicke singing at first sight in Melancthon's common-places hee was c●●uersant and all Cicero's workes with a great part of Titus Liuius two of Isocrates Orations hee translated out of the Originall into Latine hee was facetious and witty as may appeare in the fourth yeare of his reign thirteenth of his age being at Greenewich on S. Georges day comming from the Sermon with all the Nobility in State correspondent for the day said My Lords I pray you what Saint is S. George that w●e so much honour him heere this day The Lord Treasurer made answere If it please your Maiesty I did neuer in any History read of S. George but onely in Legenda aurea where it is thus set downe that S. George out with his sword ran the Dragon through with his speare The King hauing something vented himselfe with laughing replyed I pray you my Lord and what did hee with his sword the while That I cannot tell your Maiesty said hee To conclude hee was so well qualified that hee was not onely the forwardest Prince of all his Auncestors but the sole Phoenix of his time Dic mihi musa virum shew me such another As hee began and continued hopefully so hee ended Religiously being fallen sicke of a Plurisie some say consūption of the lungs hau●ng made his peace with God and the world he lifted vp his eyes and hands to heauen prayed to himselfe thinking none to haue heard him after this manner Lord deliuer mee out of this miserable life and take me among thy chosen howbeit not my will but thy will be done Lord I commit my Spirit to thee O Lord thou knowest how happie it were for me to be with thee yet for thy chosens sake send me life and health that I may truly serue thee Oh my Lord God blesse thy people and saue thine inheritance Oh Lord God saue thy chosen people of England defend this Land from Papistry and maintaine thy true Religion that I and thy People may praise thy holy name for thy Sonne Iesus Christ's sake to which hee added Oh I faint haue mercy on me O Lord and receiue my Spirit With which eiaculation his life ended not without suspition of poyson deliuered him in a Nose-gay but the diuilish Treason not being enquired after neuer came to light The Lady Mary being at the time of the Kings death at Hunsdon in Hertfordshire was much