of Scottes Alexander his soonne beyng of .ix. yeres of age was by the lawes of Edgar in ward to this king Henry by the nobles of Scotland brought to Yorke and there deliuered to this kyng Henry duryng whose minoritie this kyng Henrye gouerned Scotland and to subdue a coÌ„mocion in this realme vsed the aide of .v. M. Scottishmen but kyng Henry dyed duryng y e nonage of this Alexander wherby he receiued not his homage whiche by reason and lawe was respited vntyl his ful age of .xxi. yeres this Henry reigned in this state .lvii. yeres Edwarde the first synce the supposed conquest sonne of this HeÌ„ry was next kyng of EnglaÌ„d immediatly after whose coronacion this Alexander kyng of Scottes beyng then of full age did homage to him for ScotlaÌ„d at Westminster This AlexaÌ„der kyng of Scoties died leuing one only doughter called Margarete his heire who before had maried Hanygo soonne to Magnus kyng of Norway whiche doughter also shortly after dyed leauyng one onely doughter her heire of thage of .ii yeres whose custodie mariage by the lawes of king Edgar and Edward the coÌ„fessour belonged to this kyng Edwarde whervpoÌ„ the nobles of Scotland wer coÌ„maunded by this king Edward to sende to Normandy to conuey this yong quene into Englande to him whom he enteÌ„ded to haue maried to his soonne Edwarde as our kyng in his owne person enteÌ„deth with their Quene now Their nobles at that tyme consideryng thesame tranquilitie y â— many of them now refuse stoode not vpon shiftes and delayes of minoritie nor coÌ„tempt but most gladly consented and thervpon sent twoo noble menne of Scotlande into Norway for her to be brought to this kyng Edward but she died before their coÌ„ming thether they required nothyng but to enioy the lawfull liberties that they had in the last kyng Alexander his tyme I beleue that the deade bodyes of these noble men of all the kynges of Scotland would rise from their sepultures against the enemies of this godly vnion â–ª if they knewe with what wilfull contempte they deface their doynges with what wicked obstinacy thei deteigne y e people of Britaigne in perpetual warre enmitie and discorde After the death of this Margaret the Scottes wer destitute of any heire to y e croune froÌ„ this AlexaÌ„der there last kyng at whiche tyme this Edwarde disceÌ„ded froÌ„ the body of Mawde doughter of Malcolme sometyme kyng of Scottes beyng then in the greatest broil of his warres with Fraunce mynded not to take the possession of that kyngdome in his awne right but was contented to establish Balioll to be king thereof the weake title betwene him Bruse Hastynges beeyng by the humble peticion of all the realme of Scotland coÌ„mitted to the determinacion of this kyng Edwarde as by autentique writyng therof coÌ„fessyng within the superioritie of Scotlande to remaine in this kyng Edwarde sealed with the seales of .iiii. bishoppes .vii. Earles and .xi. Barons of Scotlande and whiche shortely after was by the whole assent of the thre estates of Scotland in their solemne ParliameÌ„t coÌ„fessed enacted accordiÌ„gly as most euidently doeth appeare This Baliol in this wise made kyng of ScotlaÌ„d did immediatly make his homage and fealtie to this kyng Edwarde for the kyngdome of Scotlande but shortly after defraudyng the benigne goodnes of this king Edward he rebelled whervpon this king Edward inuaded ScotlaÌ„d seazed into his haÌ„des the greater part of the countrey and toke al the strengthes therof wherupon this Baliol king of Scottes came vnto this kyng Edwarde at Mâ—untrosse in Scotland with a white wande in his hand there resigned the croune of Scotland with all his right title entrest to the same into the haÌ„des of this kyng Edwarde therfore made his Charter in writyng dated sealed y e fourth yere of his reign whervpon all the nobles geÌ„tlemen of Scotlande repaired to Berwicke and there did homage and fealtie to this king Edward becoÌ„myng his subiectes For the better assuraunce of whose othes this Edwarde kept all the streÌ„gthes and holdes of Scotland in his owne handes and herevpon all their lawes proces al iudgement all giftes of offices and others passed vnder the name of authoritie of this king Edward he reigned in this state ouer theÌ„ xxx yeres Edward borne at Carnaruan sonne of this Edward was nexte kyng of England who from the beginnyng of his reigne enioyed Scotland peaceably dooyng in all thynges as is aboue sayd of kyng Edward his father vntyll towarde the latter ende of his reigne about whiche Bruse conspired agaiÌ„st this kyng Edward and with the helpe of a fewe forsworne Scottes forswore him selfe kyng of Scottes whervpoÌ„ this Edward made warre vpon him but beyng infortunate in his first warres against him he suffered Edwarde the soonne of Baliol to proclaime himself kyng of Scottes neuerthelesse held foorth his warres against Bruse before the endyng of whiche he dyed Edwarde borne at Wyndsore soonne of this Edward was next king of Scotlande at the age of xv yeres in whose minoritie the Scottes practised with Isabell mother to this Edwarde with Roger Mortymer Earle of the Marche to haue their homages released whose good wyll therin thei obteined so y â— for the same release they shuld pay to this king Edward .xxx. thousand poundes sterlyng in thre yeres nexte folowing that is to say .x. thousande pounde sterlyng yerely but because the nobilitie and coÌ„mons of this realme would not by parliament coÌ„sent vnto it their king beyng within age y e same release proceded not albeit the Scottes ceased not their practises with this Quene and Erle but before those thre yeres in whiche their money if that money had taken place shuld haue been paied wer exspired this kyng Edward inuaded Scotland and ceased not warre vntill Dauid the sonne of Robert le Bruse then by their eleccion kyng of ScotlaÌ„d absolutely submitted himselfe vnto this kyng Edwarde but for that this Dauid Bruse had before by practise of the Quene and the Erle of Marche maried Jane the sister of this kyng Edward he moued by natural zeale to his sister was contented to geue the realme of Scotlande to this Dauid Bruse to theires that he should begette of the body of the sayd Jane sauyng the reuersion and meane homages to this kyng Edward and to his owne children wherewith thesame Dauid Bruse was right well coÌ„tented thervpon immediatly made his homage for Scotlande vnto this kyng Edward but shortly after causelesse coÌ„ceiuyng cause of displeasure this Dauid procured to disolue this same estate taily and therevpon not onely rebelled in Scotland but also inuaded EnglaÌ„d this kyng Edward beyng then in his warres in Fraunce But this Dauid was not onely expulsed EnglaÌ„d but also suspecting no place sufficient defeÌ„ce to his vntruth fled out of ScotlaÌ„d the couÌ„treys of AnnaÌ„dale Gallovvay Mars Teuydale Twedale and Ethrike wer seased into the king of England his handes new Marches set betwene England ScotlaÌ„d
at Cockeburnes pathe Sowtry hedge whiche when this Dauid went about to recouer againe his power was discōfited and himself by a fewe Englishemen taken brought into England where he remained prisoner .xi. yeres during whiche tyme this king Edward enioyed Scotland peaceably then at the cōtēplacion of y e wery suite of his sorowfull sister wife of this Dauid he was contented ones again to restore this Dauid to y e kyngdome of Scotland whervpō it was cōcluded that for this rebellion Dauid should pay to this king Edward the summe of one C. M. markes sterlyng and should also destroy all his holdes and fortresses stādyng against the Englishe borders and further should assure the crowne of Scotlande to the childer of this kyng Edward for lacke of heire of his owne bodye all whiche thynges he did accordyngly and for the better assuraunce of his obeisaunce afterward he deliuered into the hādes of this kyng Edward sondry noble men of Scotlād his pledges this Edwarde reigned in this state ouer theim .li. yeres Richard the sonne of Edward called the blacke prince soonne of this Edwarde kyng was nexte kyng of Englande who for that the sayd Jane y e wife of the sayd kyng Dauid of Scotlande was deceassed without issue beyng enformed howe the Scottes deuised to their vttermost power to breake the limitacion of this inheritaunce touchyng y e croune of Scotlande made foorthwith warre against theim he brent Edenbrough spoiled all their coūtrey toke al their holdes maintained cōtinually warre against them vnto his death whiche was Anno domini M. CCC xcix Henry the fourth of that name was next kyngof Englād he cōtinued these warresbegon agaīst them by kyng Richard ceassed not vntil Robert kyng of Scottes the third of that name resigned his croune by appointment of this king Henrye and deliuered his sonne James beyng then of thage of .ix. yeres into the hādes of this king Hēry to remaine to his custodie wardship and disposicion as of his superior lord accordyng to the olde lawes of kyng Edwarde the confessor all this was done Anno domini M. CCCC iiii which was within v. yeres after the death of king Richard This Henry the fourth reigned in this state ouer theim xiiii yeres Henrye the fift of that name soonne of this kyng Henrye the forth was next king of England he had warres against the Frēch kyng in all whiche this James then kyng of Scottes attended vpon him as vpon his superior lorde with a conuenient nomber of Scottes notwithstandyng their league with Fraunce but this Henry reigned but .ix. yeres whereby the homage of this James their king hauyng not fully accomplished y e age of .xxi. yeres was by reason lawe respited Henry the sixt the sonne of this Henrye the .v. was nexte kyng of England in whō the seignorie of Scotlande and custodie of this James beyng by law and reason discēded he maried the same James kyng of Scottes to the doughter of Hēry Beauford then Earle of Somerset and toke for the value of this mariage the summe of one hundreth thousād markes sterlyng This James kyng of Scottes at his ful age did homage to thesame kyng Henry the sixt for the kyngdome of Scotlande at Wyndsore This Henry the sixt reigned in this state quietly seazed of this seignorie ouer the Scottes without any chalenge or interrupcion by them .xlix. yeres and so thereof quietly dyed seazed Synce whiche tyme vnto the daies of Kyng Henrye the .vii. graundfather to our soueraigne lorde that nowe is albeit this realme hath been molested with diuersitie of titles in whiche vnmete time neither law nor reason admit prescripcion to the preiudice of any right yet did kyng Edwarde the forth next kyng of England by preparacion of war against the Scottes in the latter ende of his reigne sufficiently by al lawes induce the cōtinuaunce of his claime to thesame superioritie ouer theim After whose death vnto the beginnyng of the reigne of our late soueraigne lord kyng Henry the viii exceded not the nomber of xxvii yeres aboute whiche tyme the impediment of our clayme chaunced of the Scottes part by the nonage of James their last kyng whiche so continued the space of .xxi. yeres lyke as whose minoritie was by all lawe reason impediment to him selfe to make homage so was thesame by like reason impediment to the kyng of this realme to demaund any so that the whole time of intermissiō of our claime in y e tyme of the sayd kyng Henry the viii is deduced vnto the nomber of xiii yeres But what nede I to examyne the intermission of our claime by any length of tyme since this superioritte passed the consentes of all Scotlande by their solempne acte of Parliament against whiche neither lawe nor reason can enhable theim to prescribe This haue I declared proued vnto you how Brute our first progenitr ohis people and their posteritie enioyed the whole Isle of great Britaigne in .xlii. discentes of kynges almost .vi. c. yeres before any Scottisheman came within it I haue also proued vn to you how after their commyng into it immediat war was made vpō theim by the kynges of this Briteigne whiche ceased not vntill they wer expulsed all the bondes of it and albeit at diuers tymes they entred it again yet did these warres neuer ceasse agaīst them vntil they became subiectes in whiche state they haue remained about xvi C. yeres I haue also proued vnto you how from tyme to tyme synce y e beginnyng the Scottes receiued and obeyed the olde lawes and customes of this realme mooste of whiche remaine among theim to this day I haue further proued how their kynges haue been contributorye to the redempcion of kynges of this realme whiche is the duetie of onely subiectes I haue also proued vnto you howe the generall iurisdiccion ecclesiastical of Scotland many hundreth yeres after y e beginnyng was subiected to y e dioses and rule of tharchebishoppe of Yorke in Englande whereby also appeareth the same to be then vnder this dominion I haue likwise proued vnto you that Willyā called the Conqueror of whom our king is linially discended was heire testamētary of the whole dominion by the testament of kyng Edward the cōfessor though whiche were not true yet was y e obediēce of Scotlād from the beginnyng inseperably appendaunt to the croune of this realme and folowed the possession of y e seignorie as thynges annexed lyke as the dignities of the Roman Empier folow the state of Rome according to whiche their homages and oure claymes haue been continued to this day I haue proued vnto you also howe thearldome of Huntyngdon was only atteined but by one of their kynges and that at the latter ende of his tyme long after y e kyng his brothers homage done for y e croune of Scotland and fortified surrendred by the next synce whiche time it neuer was restored again into any of their kynges hādes and yet to satisfie theim
remeÌ„t Dales and the SherifdoÌ„e of Berwicke wer then enioyed by a nacion myngeled in mariage with Britons and in their obedience whose capitain called Berynger buylded the castle and toune of Berwicke vpon Twede and these people were called Pightes vpoÌ„ whom by the death of this Coell these Scottes had oportunitie to vse warre whereof thei ceassed not vntill suche tyme as it pleased God to appoynt another Coell Kyng of Britons against whose name albeit thei hoped a like victorie to the firste yet he preuailed and ceassed not his warr vntil these Scottes wer vtterly expulsed out of all the boundes of Briteigne in whiche thei neuer dared to reeÌ„tre vntill the raigne of Scicill Kyng of Britons whiche was the .xiii. Kyng after this Coell Duryng all whiche tyme thesame countrey was reenhabited by the Britons And then the Scottes turnyng to Ciuil discord of this realme betwene this Sycill and his brother Blede to their best auauntage newly arriued in Albania thereof made one Reuther their king from the beginnyng of the worlde .iiii. M ix C. lxxxxv yeres whiche from their first entry was .iii. Clxxiiii yeres vpon this their newe arriuall newe warre was made vpoÌ„ them by this Sicill Kyng of Britons in whiche warre Reuther their newe Kyng died to whom Thereus succeded against whom the warr of Britons ceassed not vntil he frely submitted hymself vnto y e said Sicill kyng of BritoÌ„s at Ebranke that is Yorke where shortly after the tenth yere of his reigne he died Fynnâ—ne brother of Iosine succeded by their eleccion to the kyngdom of Scottes who shortly after compelled by the warres of thesame Sicill declared hymself subiecte and for the better assurance of his faithe and obeisaunce to the Kyng of BritoÌ„s deliuered his sonne Durstus into the handes of this Sicill who phantesiyng the childe and hopyng by his awne succession to alter the subtilitie I will not say duplicitie maried to him Agasia his awne daughter this Sicill reigned in this state ouer theim twoo and twentie yeres THIS Durstus was their next kyng but for y â— he had maried a BritoÌ„ woman though she a kynges daughter the Scottes hated him for y e same cause y e thei ought to haue liked hym the better and therefore not onely traiteroussy slewe hym but further to declare thende of their malice dishenherited asmuche as in theÌ„ was the issues of thesame Durstus and Agasia wherupon newe war sproÌ„g betwene theim and vs whiche ceassed not vntill thei were contented to receiue Edeir to their kyng the next in bloudde then liuyng discended froÌ„ Durstus and Agasia and thereby the bloud of Britons of the parte of the mother was restored to the croune of Albania nature whose lawe is immutable caused this bande of loue to holde For shortly after this Eder attended vpon Cassibelane kyng of Britons for the repulse of Iulius Caesar as their awne aucthor Boecius coÌ„fesseth coÌ„maunded thesame as his subiecte but Iulius Caesar after his third arriuall by treason of Androgeus preuailed against the Britons and therupon pursued this Eder into Scotlande and as hymself saith in his CommeÌ„taries subdued all the Isse of Briteigne whiche though the liuyng Scottes deny it their ded writers confesse that he came beyond Callender woode and cast downe Camelon the principall citee of Pichtes and in token of this victory not farre from Carron buylded a round Temple of stone whiche remaigned in some perfeccioÌ„ vnto the reigne of our Kyng Edwarde called the firste since the supposed Conquest by whom it was subuerted but the monument thereof remaineth to this daie This Cassibelane reigned in this state â–ª xvi yeres Aruiragus Kyng of Wales brother of Guyder .c. is and sonne of Kymbalyne descended from Androgeus the sonne of Lud an auncient kyng of Britons was by iusse succession shortely after kyng of Britons against whom Claudius then emperor made war but this Claudius at last gaue his daughter Genuissa or Genissa in mariage to this Aruiragus This Claudius subdued Orknay and all the remanent Isles aboute Briteigne whiche he gaue to his sonne Aruiragus and so left hym kyng of the whole Islande this Aruiragus reigned in this state ouer them .xxiiii. yeres Marrius the soonne of Aruiragus and Genissa was nexte kyng of all Briteigne in his tyme one Roderycke a Scythian with a greate rable of vacaboÌ„des came to the water of Frithe in Scotlande whiche is an arme of the sea deuidyng Pentlande from Fiffe against whom this Marrius assembled a power by which he slewe this Rodericke and discoÌ„fited his people in Westmerlande of whiche victorie he was also after written by the name of Westmer but to those that remained in life he gaue to bee enhabited the Countrey of Cathenes in Scotlande whiche proueth it to be within his domintoÌ„ this Marrius reigned in this state ouer theim .xxv. yeres Coell the sonne of this Marrius had issue Lucius coumpted the first Christian Kyng of this nacion he created three Archeflamines whose office is before declared the first remained at LoÌ„don and his power extended froÌ„ the farthest parte of Cornewall to Humber water the second remained at Yorke and his power stretched froÌ„ Humber to the fardest part of all Scotlande The third remained at Careleon vpoÌ„ the riuer of Oose in Glamorgan in Wales and his power extended from Seuerne through all Wales Some write y t he made but two Archeflamyns and turned their names to Archbishoppes the one to remaigne at Cantorbury the other at Yorke but thei coÌ„fesse that he of Yorke had iurisdiccion through all Scotlande either of whiche is sufficient to proue Scotlande to bee then vnder his dominion This Coill reigned in this state ouer theim .xi. yeres Seuerus by birthe a Romayne but in bloudde a Briton and the lineall heire of the body of Androgius sonne of Lud nephew of Cassibelaine was shortly after Emperor and kyng of Britons in whose tyme the people to whoÌ„ his auncester Marrius gaue the lande of Cathenes in Scotland conspired with the Scottes and receiued them from the Isles into Scotland but hereupon this Seuerus came into Scotlande meting with their faith and false hartes together droue theim all out of the mayne lande into isles the vttermost bondes of al great Briteigne but notwithstandyng this glorious victorie the Britons consideryng their seruitude to y e Romaines imposed by treason of Androgius auncester to this Seuerus began to hate hym whom yet thei had not tyme to loue whereupoÌ„ beside Yorke thei suffered hym to bee slain After that he had for their defence and suretie slain of the Scottes and their confederates in one battail xxx thousandes but suche was the consideracion of the vulger sorte in those daies whose malice no tyme could deminishe nor desert appease Anthonius Bassianus borne of a BritoÌ„ woman and Gera borne on a Romayne woman were the sonnes of this Seuerus who after the death of their father by the contrary voyces of their people contended for the Croune fewe Britons helde
with Bassianus fewer Romaynes held with Geta but the greater nombre with neither thei fought Geta was slain and Bassianus made Kyng but hetherto the dayly memorie of perpetuall seruitude in the Brutus thought the death of the father no sufficient reuenge to the iniury dooen by the graundefather and therefore thei deposed this Bassianus and made Carassius a Briton their kyng who vpō victory had against this Bassianus gaue vnto y e Scottes Pichtes and Scithians the countrey of Cathenes in Scotlande whiche thei after inhabited whereby appereth his season thereof Coill discended of the bloudde of auncient kynges of Briteigne was shortly after kyng of Britons whose onely daughter and heire called Helen was maried vnto Constācius a Romayn who daunted the rebellion of all partes of greate Briteigne and after the death of this Coil was in the right of his wife kyng therof and reigned in his state ouer thē xv yeres Constantyne the sonne of this Constance and Helen was nexte kyng of Britons he passyng to Rome to receiue the Empire therof deputed one Octauius king of Wales and Duke of Gwisscop which some expoūde to be West sex some Cornewall and some Windsore to haue the gouernement of this dominion but abusyng this kynges innocent goodnes this Octauius defrauded this trust and toke vpon himself the Croune for whiche traytorie albeit he was once vanquished by Leonyne Traherons vncle to Constantyne yet after the death of this Traherons he preuailed again and reigned ouer all Briteigne Constantyne beyng nowe Emperor sent to Maximius his kynseman hether to destroy thesame Octauius whom in singuler battaill discomfited this Octauius whereupon this Maximius as well by the consent of great Cōstantyne as by the eleccion of all the Britons for that he was a Britō in bloud was made kyng of this Briteigne This Maximius made war vpon the Scottes and Scythians within all Briteigne ceassed not vntill he had slain Eugenius their Kyng expulsed and driuen them out of the whole boundes of Briteigne and newly inhabited all Scotland with Britons no man woman or childe of the Scottishe naciō suffered to remain within it whiche as their Hector Boecius saith was for their rebelliō and rebellion properly could it not be excepte thei had been subiectes he suffered the Pychtes to remain his subiectes who made solempne othes to hym after neuer to erect any peculiar kyng of their awne nacion but to remain vnder the old Empire of thonely kyng of Britons He reigned in the whole state of this Briteigne .xxxiiii. yeres ABOVT xlv yeres after this beyng long tyme after the death of this Maximius with the helpe of Gouuan or Gonan and Melga the Scottes newly arriued in Albania and thereof created one Fergus the seconde of that name to be their kyng but because thei wer before banished the continēt lande thei crouned hym kyng of their auenture in Argile in the fatall chater of Merble the yere of our Lorde CCCC xxii Maximian soonne of Leonyne Traherons brother to kyng Coill and vncle to the holy Helen was by liniall succession next kyng of Britons but to appease the malice of Dyonothus kyng of Wales who also claimed the kyngdome he maried Othilia eldest daughter of this Dyonothus and afterward assembled a great power of Britons and entered Albania and inuaded Gallowaie Mers Annandale Pentlande Carrike Kyll and Cunyngham and in battaill slewe bothe this Fergus then kyng of Scottes Durstus the king of Pichtes and exiled all their people out of the continent lande whereupon the few nombre of Scottes then remainyng on liue went to Argila and made Eugenius their kyng VVHEN this Maximian had thus obteigned quietnes in Briteigne he departed with his cosyn Conan Meredecke into Armorica where thei subdued the kyng did depopulate the countrey which he gaue to Conan his cosyn to be afterward inhabited by Britons by the name of Briteigne the lesse and hereof this realme tooke name of Briteigne the greate whiche name by consent of forein writers it kepeth vnto this daie AFTER the death of this Maximian dissencion beeyng betwene the nobles of greate Briteigne the Scottes swarmed together again came to the wall of Adrian where this realme beyng deuided in many fashions thei ouer came one and hereupō their Hector Boecius as an hēne that for laiyng of one egge will make a great cakelyng solemply triumphyng of a conquest before the victorie allegeth that hereby the Britons were made tributaries to the Scottes and yet he confesseth that thei wonne no more lande by that supposed cōquest but the samle porciō betwene theim and Humber which in the old particions before was annexed to Albania it is hard to bee beleued that suche a broken nacion as the Scottes at that tyme were returnyng from banishment within foure yeres before since in battaill lost bothe their kynges and the greate nōber of their best men to bee thus sodenly able to make a conquest of greate Briteigne verie vnlikely if thei had conquered it thei would haue left the whote sonne of the Easte partes to dwell in the cold Snowe of Scotlande Incredible it is that if thei had cōquered it thei would not haue deputed offices in it as in cases of conquest behoueth And it is beyond all belefe that great Briteigne or any other Countrey should be wonne without the cōmyng of any enemie into it as thei did not but taried at y e same wall of Adryan But what nede I speake of these defences when thesame Boecius scātly trusteth his awne belife in this tale For he saieth that Galfride and sundery other Autentique writers sōderly vary frō this part of his story wherein his awne thought accuseth his cōsciēce of vntruth Wherein he furder forgettyng howe it behoueth a lyer to bee myndefull of his assercion in the fourth Chapiter next folowyng wholy bewraieth hymself saiyng that the confederate Kynges of Scottes and Pychtes vpon ciuil warres betwene the Britons whiche then was folowyng hoped shortly to enioy all the land of great Briteigne from beyond Humber vnto the fresh sea whiche hope had been vain and not lesse then voyde if it had been their awne by y e conquest before Constantine of litle Briteigne descended frō Conan kyng therof cosyn of Brutes bloud to this Maximiā and his next heire was next kyng of great Briteigne he immediatly pursued the Scottes with warres and shortely in battaill slewe their Kyng Dougard the firste yere of his reigne and so recouered Scotlande out of their handes and toke all the holdes therof into his awne custodie Vortiger shortly after obteyned the Croune of Briteigne against whom the Scottes newly rebelled for repressyng whereof he mistrustyng the Britons to hate him for y e treasonable death of Kyng Constance sonne of this Constantyne as one that to auoyde the smoke dooth fall into the fire receiued Hengest a Saxon with a greate nombre of his nacion into this Realme with whom and a few Britons he entred Scotlande and ouer came
by intendement vnder that age he should be hable in person to serue his kyng countrey according to the tenour of his dede and the cōdicion of his purchase This lawe was receiued by the same Keneth in Scotlande and aswell there as in Englande is obserued to this daie whiche proueth also that Scotlande was then vnder his obeisaūce This Edgar reigned in this state xxvi yeres Edward the sonne of this Edgar was next kyng of England in whose tyme this Keneth kyng of Scottes caused Malcolme prince of Scotland to be treasonably poysoned whervpon this Edwarde made warre vpō him whiche ceassed not vntil this Keneth submitted himself offered to receiue prince of Scotlande whom king Edward would appoint where vpon this Edward proclaymed one Malcolme to be prince of Scotlande who immediatly came into England here did homage to the same Kyng Edwarde This Edwarde reigned in this state by some writers xii yeres and by some others but ii yeres Etheldred brother of this Edwarde succeded next king of Englande against whom Swayn kyng of Dēmarke cōspired with this last Malcolme then kyng of Scottes But shortly after this Malcolme sorowfully submitted himselfe into the defēce of Etheldred who consideryng that that whiche could not be amended must onely be repēted benignely receiued him by helpe of whose seruice at last Etheldred recouered his realme againe out of the hādes of Swayn reigned ouer y e whole Monarchy xxxviii yeres Edmund surnamed Ironside sonne of this Etheldred was next kyng of England in whose tyme Canut a Dane inuaded y e realme with warres but at last Canut maried with Eme somtyme wife of Etheldred and mother of this Edmund this Eme as arbitrice betwene her naturall loue to the one matrimoniall duetie to the other procured suche amitee betwene theim that Edmund was contented to deuide the realme with Canut kepyng to himselfe all England on thisside Humber gaue al the rest beyond Humber with the seignorie of Scotland to this Canut wherevpon Malcolme then kyng of Scottes after a litle customable resistence did homage to y e same Canut for the kyngdom of Scotlād this Canut held the same ouer of this Edmund kyng of Englande by the like seruices This Canut in memory of his victory glorye of his seignorie ouer the Scottes commaunded this Malcolme their kyng to builde a churche in Buchquhan in Scotlande where a fielde betwene him theim was fought to be dedicate to Olanus patron of Norway Denmarke which Churche was by the same Malcolme builded accordyngly Edward called the confessour soonne of Etheldred and brother to Edmund Ironside was nexte kyng of al England he receiued the homage of the same Malcolm kyng of Scottes for the kyngdome of Scotlande This Edwarde perused the olde lawes of the realme somewhat added to some of theim as to the law of Edgar for y e wardship of the landes vntil the heire should accōplishe the age of .xxi. yeres he added that the mariage of suche heire shuld also belong to the lord of whom the same lād should be holden Also that euery woman mariyng a freman should notwithstādyng she had no children by that husband enioy the third parte of his inheritaunce duryng her life with many other lawes whiche y e same Malcolme king of Scottes obeyed whiche aswell by theim in Scotlande as by vs in Englande be obserued to this daie whiche directly proueth y e whole to be then vnder his obeysaūce But here to make some digressiō though y e more parte of these Eldredes lawes be both godly politique yet this addicion to Edgars law touchyng the mariage of the heire except in cases of prīces in whose persons the commō weale of people and countreys depende among men either ciuil or politique semeth to depende more of lucre then godlynes for that thereby he to whose yeres nature doeth not geue discrecion to refuse must take that a wife and she peraduenture of the like age or vnder in whiche choise euery of them must iudge by another mans affeccion see with another mans iye say yea with another mans tong and finally cōsent with another mans heart for none of these senses be pertited to the parties in that minoritie and so the eleccion beyng vnfree and the yeres vnripe eche of thē almost of necessitee must hate other whom yet they haue had no iudgement to loue To declare what innumerable inconueniences deuorces yea and some murders haue of these vngodly mariages or rather no mariages at all proceded the present tyme sheweth so many examples as we may see sufficient cause to bewaile the tyme present ▪ but the greatest iniury is to God the redresse onely belongeth to a kyng in whom like as the same God hath caused more vertues to mete then in any other kyng or creature at those yeres so we doubt not but that his Godhed wyll vouchesafe to preserue his highnes with then crease of knowlege to y e godly redresse of these and all other enormities and abuses to the comfort and reioyse of vs his louyng and happye obedient subiectes But I wil returne to the Scot. By reason of this lawe Malcolme the sonne of Dunkayn next inheritor to the croune of Scotlande beyng within age was by the nobles of Scotlād deliuered as warde to the custodie of this kyng Edwarde duryng whose minoritie one Makebeth a Scot trayterously vsurped the croune of Scotlād against whom this kyng Edwarde made warre in whiche the same Makebeth was ouercome and slayne and therevpon this Malcolme was crouned kyng of Scottes at Stone in the .viii. yere of y e reigne of this kyng Edwarde This Malcolme by tenor of the sayd newe lawe of wardship was maried vnto Margaret by the disposicion of the same kyng Edwarde and at his ful age did homage to this kyng Edwarde for the kyngdome of Scotland This Edwarde hauyng no issue of his bodye mistrustyng that Harold y e sōne of Goodwyn discended of the doughter of Harold Harefoote the Dane would vsurp the croune if he should leaue it to his cosyn Edgar Edling beyng then within age and partly by y e peticiō of his subiectes who before had sworne neuer to receiue any kynges ouer theim of the Danes nacion did by his substanciall wyll in writyng deuise the croune of great Briteigne vnto Willyam then duke of Normandye and to his heires cōstitutyng him his heire testamentary Also there was proximitee in bloud betwene thē for Eme doughter of Richarde duke of Normādy was wife vnto Etheldred on whom he begat Alured and this Edward this Willyam was sonne of Robert sonne of Richarde brother of the whole bloud to the same Eme by this appeareth that this Willyā was heire by title and not by cōquest Albeit partely to extinguishe y e mistrust of other titles partely for the glory of his victory he chalēged y e name of a coqueror hath bene so written This kyng Willyam called the cōqueror to
bring the Scottes to iust obeisaunce after his coronacion as heire testameÌ„tary to Edwarde the confessor entred Scotland where after a litle resisteÌ„ce made by the Scottes the sayd Malcolme then their kyng did homage to him at Abirnethy in Scotlande for the kyngdome of Scotlande This Willyam reigned in this state .xxii. yeres Willyam surnamed Rufus soÌ„ne of this Willyam called the conqueror succeded nexte to the croune of England to whom the sayd Malcolme kyng of Scottes did like homage for y e kingdome of Scotland but afterwarde he rebelled was by this William Rufus slaine in the fielde where vpoÌ„ the Scottishmen did chose one Donal or Dunvval to be their kyng but this Willyam Rufus deposed him and created DunkaÌ„ soonne of Malcolme to bee their kyng who did lyke homage to him but this Dunkan was slaine by the Scottes and Dunvvall restitute which ones again by this Willyam Rufus was deposed Edgar soonne of Malcolme was by him made their king who did like homage for ScotlaÌ„d to this Willyam Rufus This WillyaÌ„ reigned in this state ouer theim xiii yeres Henry called Beauclerke the sonne of Willyam called the coÌ„queror after y e death of his brother Willyam Rufus succeded to the croune of England to whoÌ„ the same Edgar kyng of Scottes did homage for Scotlande This HeÌ„ry Beauclerke maried Mawde the doughter of Malcolme kyng of Scottes and by her had issue Mawde afterward emprice Alexandre the sonne of Malcolme brother to this Mawd was nexte kyng of Scottes he did like homage for y e kyngdome of Scotland to this Henry the first This Henry reigned in this state ouer them .xxxv. yeres Mawde called the emprice doughter and heire to this HeÌ„ry Beauclerke Mawde his wife receiued homage of Dauid brother to her and to this Alexandre next kyng of Scottes for y e kingdome of Scotlande This Mawde the emprice gaue vnto this Dauid in mariage Mawde the doughter and heire of Voldosius earle of Huntyngdon and Northunberlande and herein their euasion appeareth by whiche they allege that their kynges homages wer made for the erledome of Huntingdon for this Dauid was the first that of their kinges was erle of HuÌ„tyngdon whiche was since all the homages of their kinges before recited and at the tyme of whiche mariage and long after the sayd Alexander his brother was king of Scottes doyng the homage aforesayd to Henry Bewclerke Henry called Fitz Emprice the soonne of Mawde the emprice doughter of Mawde doughter of Malcolme kyng of Scottes was next kyng of Englande he receiued homage for Scotlande of Malcolme soonne of Henrye soonne of the sayd Dauid their last king whiche Malcolme after this homage attended vpon the same kyng Henry in his warres against Lewes then kyng of Fraunce whereby appereth that their Frenche league was neuer renued after the last deuision of their couÌ„trey by Osbright kyng of EnglaÌ„d But after these warres fynyshed with the Frenche kyng this Malcolme beyng again in ScotlaÌ„d rebelled whervpon this kyng Henry immediatly scazed Huntyngdon Northumberland into his owne haÌ„des by confiscacion and made warre vpon him in Scotland in whiche thesame Malcolme dyed without issue of his body Willyam brother of this Malcolme was next king of Scottes he w t al the nobles of Scotland which could not be for any erledome did homage to the sonne of this king Henry the second with a reseruacion of y e duetie to kyng HeÌ„ry the second his father also therldome of Huntyngdon was as ye haue hearde before this forfaited by Malcolme his brother neuer after restored to the croune of Scotland This WillyaÌ„ kyng of Scottes did afterwarde attende vpoÌ„ the same kyng Henry the seconde in his warres in Normandy against the Frenche king notwithstandyng their Frenche league then did him homage for Scotland and thervpon was licensed to depart home into Scotlande where immediatly he moued war against the same kyng Henry beyng yet in Normandy but God toke the defence on kyng HeÌ„ries part deliuered the same WilliaÌ„ kyng of Scottes into the haÌ„des of a fewe Englishemenne who brought him prisoner to this kyng Henry into Normandy the x. yere of his reigne but at y e last at the suit of Dauid his brother he was at this fine for the amendement of his trespas to paye .x. M. pounde sterlyng â–ª and to surrendre al his title of the erledom of Huntyngdon Cumberland NorthumberlaÌ„d into the haÌ„des of this kyng Henry which he did in all thynges accordyngly and here vpon he ones againe did homage to the same kyng Henrye whiche now could not be for the earledome of Huntyngdon the right wherof was alredy by him surrendred and for the better assuraunce of this fayth the streÌ„gthes of Berwicke Edenbrough Roxbrough Striuelyng were deliuered into the handes of this kyng Henry of England whiche their owne writters confesse but Hector Boecius sayeth that this trespas was amended by fyne of xx M. poundes sterlyng that therldome of Huntyngdon CuÌ„berland and Northumberlande were deliuered as Morgage into the handes of this kyng HeÌ„ry vntill other .x. M. poundes sterlyng should be to him payed but though that were true yet proueth he not that that money was payed nor the land otherwyse redemed or euer after came to any Scottishe kynges handes And this it appeareth y t therldome of HuÌ„tyngdon was neuer occasion of the homages of the Scottishe kynges to y e kinges of England either before this tyme or after At this tyme Alexander bishop of Rome supposed to haue generall iurisdiccion ecclesiasticall through christendome conferred the whole clergye of Scotlande accordyng to the olde lawes vnder the iurisdiccion of the Archebishop of Yorke This Henrye reigned in this state ouer theim xxxv yeres Richarde surnamed Cure de Lyon soonne of this Henry was next kyng of England to whom the same WillyaÌ„ kyng of Scottes did homage at Cantorburye for the kyngdome of Scotland and in the â—nde of the warres of this king Richard did send Dauid his brother with .v. M. Scot tishemen This kyng Richarde was taken prisoner by the duke of Ostriche for whose redempcion the whole realme was taxed to great summes of money vnto the whiche this WillyaÌ„ kyng of Scottes as a subiecte was contributory and paied two M. markes sterlyng This Richard reigned in this â—â—ate ix yeres John the brother of this Richard was next king of EnglaÌ„d to whom the same WillyaÌ„ kyng of Scottes did like homage for the kyngdome of Scotland vpoÌ„ a hill beside Lyncolne takyng his faith therfore vpon the crosse of Hubert then Archebishoppe of Cantorburye a great nomber of people beyng there assembled for y e purpose This Ihon reigned in this state ouer them .xvii. yeres Henry the third of that name soonne of this kyng Ihon succeded nexte to the croune of Englande to whom Alexandre kyng of Scottes did homage for Scotland at Yorke This Alexandre dyed at this fayth w t this kyng Henry After the death of this Alexander kyng
issue of his body to punishe whiche traitery Locrine and his brother Camber assembled their power and entered Albania and there slewe this Humber whose body thei threwe into a great riuer Some write that this Humber beyng desperate threw hymself into this Riuer but all confesse that in this riuer his bodie was drouned and that hereof toke the name of Humber which it kepeth to this daie This Locrine herupon seazed Albania into his awne haÌ„des as excheated wholy to hymself not yeldyng any part therof vnto Camber his brother whereby also euidently appereth the entier seigniory ouer it to consist in hymself accordyng to whiche exaÌ„ple like lawe emong brethren euer since hath continued preferryng the eldest brother to the onely benefite of the collateral assencion from the youngest aswell in Scotlande as in Englande vnto this daie Locryne reigned in this state ouer them .xvii. yeres EbraÌ„ke the lineall heire froÌ„ the bodie of this Locryne that is to saie the sonne of Mempris soonne of Madan sonne of the same Locryne buylded in Albania the castle of Maidens nowe called Edenbrough and the Castle of Alcluth or Alclude now called Dunbriton as the Scottishe Hector Boecius confesseth wherby moste euideÌ„tly appered that this Ebranke was then therof seazed This Ebranke reigned in this state ouer them .lx. yeres after whose death this Albania as annexed to the Empire of Briteigne discended to the onely kyng of BritoÌ„s vntil the discent to the twoo sisters sonnes Morgan and Conedage lineall heires from thesaied Ebranke who brotherly vpon the first example deuided the realme Morgan had Logres and Conedage had Albania but shortly after Morgan thelder brother ponderyng in his hed the loue to his brother with the loue to a kyngdome excluded nature and gaue place to ambicion and therupon denounced warr to his brother in whiche warre as the rereward of his vntruthe death miserably ended his life wherby Condage obteined the whole Empire of al Briteigne in whiche state he remained .xxxiii. yeres APTER whose time thesame lineally desceÌ„ded to thonly kyng of BritoÌ„s vntill after the reigne of Gorbodian who had issue two sonnes Ferres and Porres whiche Porres requiryng like particion of the land affirmyng the former particions to bee rather of lawe then fauour was by the handes of his elder brother both of his life and hoped kyngdome bereued at once but their vnnaturall mother vsyng her natural malice that for the deathe of her one sonne would bee reuenged by the losyng of bothe miserably slewe the other Cloten by all writers aswell Scottishe as other was the next inheritor to the whole Empire but lackyng power the meane in those daies to obteyne right he was conteÌ„ted to deuide the same emong .iii. of his kinsmen so that Scater had Albania But after the death of this CloteÌ„ his sonne Dunuallo Moluncius made warr vpon these three Kynges and at last ouercame them and so recouered the whole dominion in token of whiche victorie he caused hymself to be crouned with a croune of gold the first that was worne emong kinges of this nacion This Dunuallo erected temples wherein the people should assemble for Praier to which teÌ„ples he gaue benefit of Sanctuarie he made the lawe for wager of battaill in cases of murder and felonie whereby a thefe that liued and made his arte of fightyng should for his purgacion fight with the true man whiche he had robbed but he beleued that the Goddes for then thei supposed many would by miracle assigne victorie to the innocent partie the priuilege of whiche first lawe and benefite of the latter aswel in Scotlande as in EnglaÌ„de be enioyed to this daie fewe causes by late positiue lawes emong vs excepted wherein the benefite of wager oâ— battaill is expelled by whiche obedience to his lawes it dooth manifestly appere that this Dunuallo was then seazed of Albania now called Scotland this DuÌ„uallo reigned in this state ouer them .xl. yeres Beline and Brenne the sonnes of this Dunuallo did after their fathers death fauourably deuide the lande betwene them so that Belyne had Logres and Brenne had Albania but for that this Brenne a subiect without the consent of his eldre brother and lorde aueÌ„tured to mary with the daughter of the kyng of Denmarke Belyne seazed Albania into his awne handes and thereupon caused the notable wayes priuileged by Dunuallos Lawes to be newly wrought by mennes handes whiche for the leÌ„gth was from the â—urder parte of Cornewall vnto the Sea by Northe Cathnes in Scotlande For Religion in those daies he constituted ministers called Archeflamines in their funccions moste like the aucthoritie of Bishoppes of all their awne writers is sixe hundred yeres lackyng .x. yeres After that Brutus had reigned ouer the whole Islande beeyng the same lande enioyed by hym and his posteritie before their commyng duryng discentes of kinges of this Briteigne and this intrusion into a land so many hundred yeres before inhabited and by so many discentes of Kynges quietly enioyed is the best tule that all their awne writers allege for theim This Fergus hereupon immediatly did deuide al Albania emong his capitaines and their people wherby also moste euidently appereth that there were no people of that nacion inhabityng there before in prosse whereof the same particion shall folowe THE landes of Cathnes liyng agaynste Orknay betwene Dummesbey and the Water of Thane was geueÌ„ vnto one Cornath a Capitaine his people The landes betwene the Water of Thane and Nes nowe called Rosse liyng in bredth from Cromart to the mouthe of the water of Lochte wer geuen to Lutorke another Capitain his people The landes betwene Spay and Nes from the Almayne seas to the Irelande Seas nowe called Murray land wet geuen to one Vvarroche and his people The laÌ„d of Thalia now called Boyn Aynze Bogewall Garyot Formartyne and Bowguhan were geuen to one Thalis and his people The landes of Matr â–ª Badezenoche and Lochquhaber were geuen to Martache and his people The landes of Lorne and Kyntier with the hilles mountaynes thereof liyng from Mar to the Irelande seas wer geuen to capitain Nonaunce his people The landes of Athole were geuen to Atholus another capitain his people The landes of Strabraun and Brawdawane liyng West from Dunkell were geueÌ„ to Creones and Epidithes ii Capitaines The landes of Argile were geuen to Argathelus a capitain The landes of Linnox and Clidisdale were allotted to Lolgona a capitain The landes of Siluria now called Kile Car rike and Cunyngham wer geueÌ„ to Silurche another Capitayne The landes of Brigance nowe called Gallowaie were geuen to the compaignie called Brigandes whiche as their best menne were appointed to dwell next the BritoÌ„s who afterward expulsed the Britons from Annandale in Albany wherby is confessed it to be before enhabited by BritoÌ„s The residue of the lande nowe called Scotland that is to saie Meirnis Angus SteremoÌ„de Gowry Strahern Pirth Fiffe Striuelyng Callender Calderwoode Lougthian Mers Teuedale with other the