Dorcas daughter of Richard Graves Esq deceased late Reader of Lincolns-Inn aforesaid He beareth Argent a Cross betwen four Spread-Eagles Gules by the Name of Strachey and is born by Iohn Strachey of Sutton-Court in Somersetshire Esq. He beareth Argent three Palmers Staves Sable the heads rests ends Or by the Name of Palmer and is the Coat-Armour of William Palmer of Winthorp in Lincolnshire Esq Captain of a Troop in the Regiment of his Graceâ— the Duke of Monmouth Captain-General of all his Majesties Land-Forces He beareth Gules on a Bend Or three Martlets Sable by the Name of Brabazon and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Edward Brabazon of Ballyarthur in the County of Wickloe in the Kingdom of Ireland Esq second Son of the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Meath deceased He beareth Ermyn on a Bend Sable two Hands and Arms to the Elbows issuing out of Clouds at the Elbows all proper holding an Horshoe Or by the Name of Borlace and is the Coat-Armour of Humphrey Borlace of Treluddro in the County of Cornwall Esq. He beareth Sable a Bend Ermyn between two Cottises flory Or by the Name of Keck and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Anthony Keck of the Inner Temple London Esq He beareth Or a Bend engrailed between six Roses Gules by the Name of Warner and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Iohn Warner of Brakenthwaite in the Parish of Kirby-Overblow in the West-Riding of Yorkshire Esq lineally descended from the Warners of Wárner-Hall in Essex Argent a Fess humid Gules between three Ravens rising to fly Sable born by Richard Peirce of the City of London Esq. He beareth Argent a Fess Nebule Gules between three Eagles displayed Sable by the Name of Cudmore and is the Coat-Armour of Thomas Cudmore of Kelvedon in Essex Esq son and heir of Thomas Cudmore Esq deceased by Dorothy eldest Daughter and Coheir of Sir Thomas Cecill Kt. son of Thomas Earl of Exeter by Dorothy Daughter and Coheir of Iohn Nevill Lord Latimer son and heir of Iohn Lord Latimer by Dorothy Daughter and Coheir of Sir George Vere Ktâ— which said Sir Thomas died Anno 1662. and lieth buried in Stamford-Baron in Northamptonshire amongst his Ancestors Per Pale Vert and Ermyn an Eagle displayed This Coat is born by Richard Goodlad of the City of London Esq. He beareth Gules a Cheveron Ermyn between three Flowers de Lis Argent by the Name of Crome and is the Paternal Coat-Armour of Valentine Crome of Mayden-Early in Berkshire Esq decended from the ancient Family of Lewis in Yorkshire Argent a Fess between three Flowers de Lis Sable by the Name of Evance which said Coat is born by Iohn Evance of the City of London Esq He beareth Gules a Quaterfoil Or by the Name of Rowe and is born by Anthony Rowe of St. Martins in the Fields in Middlesex Esq third son of Sir Tho. Rowe of Moswellhill in the said County Kt. Argent a Cheveron between three Cinquefoils Gules is born by Charles Beauvoir of the City of London Esq descended from the Family of the Beauvoirs in the Island of Garnsey He beareth Or two Barrs Azure in Chief three Escallop-hells Gules by the Name of Clark and is the Coat-Armour of Edward Clark of the Inner Temple London Esq son and heir of Edward Clark of Chipley in Somersetshire Esq He beareth Vert a Greyhound current in Bend Argent collared Gules studded Or by the Name of Blome and is born by Richard Blome of Abergwilly in Gaermarthenshire Esq by Io. Blome of Sevenoke in Kent Gent. and by Richard Blome of Chobham in the Parish of Westham in Essex Gent. This Coat being false cut in the body of the Book is here rectified He beareth Gules a Cheveron â—ngrailed Ermyn between three Eagles Argent by the Name of Child This with the Arms of Vlster is the Coat-Armour of Sir Iosias Child of Wanstead in the County of Essex Baronet He beareth Argent a Bend Sable in the sinister Chief a Garb Gules by the Name of Whitworth and is the Coat-Armour of Richard Whitworth of Adbaston in the County of Stafford Gent. He beareth Sable on a Bend Argent three Lozenges of the Field by the Name of Carington and was the Coat-Armour of Iohn Carington of Sponton in the North Riding of Yorkshire Gent. deceased second son of William Carington of Sponton aforesaid Esq who was second Brother to Iohn Carington of Carington in Cheshire Esq Thus having largely treated of all the parts of Atchievements our next business will be to represent them conjoyned together for which we will referr the Reader to the second part viz. Honour Military and Civil TO THE Generous Reader My Task is past my Care is but begun My Pains must suffer Censures for reward Yet hope I have now my great pains are done That gentle Spirits will quite them with regard For when my love to Gentry here they find My love with love they must requite by kind But if the ungentle Brood of Envies Grooms Misdoom my Pains no force they do their kind And I 'le do mine which is to scorn their Dooms That use unkindly a kind well-willing mind Thus I resolve Look now who will hereon My Task is past and all my Care is gone A Conclusion BUt He alone that 's free from all defect And only cannot erre true Wisdom's Sire Can without error all in All effect But weak are men in acting their desire This Work is filde but not without a flaw Yet filde with Pain Care Cost and all in all But as it were by force of Natures Law It hath some faults which on the Printers fall No Book so blest that ever scap'd the Press For ought I ever read or heard without Correctors full'st of Art and Carefulness Cannot prevent it Faults will flee about But here 's not many so the easier may Each gentle Reader rub away their stains Then when the verbal Blots were done away I hope their profit will exceed their pains Besides it may be thought a fault in me To have omitted some few differences Of Coronets of high'st and low'st degree But this I may not well a fault confess For 'twixt a Duke and Marquess Coronets Is so small odds as it is scarce discern'd As here i' th' Earl and Vicounts frontilets May by judicious Artists now be learn'd Then these are faults that Reason doth excuse And were committed wilfully because Where is no difference there is no abuse To Grace Arms Nature Order or their Laws This breaks no Rule of Order though there be An Order in Degrees concerning This If Order were infring'd then should I flee From my chief purpose and my Mark should miss ORDER is Natures beauty and the way To Order is by Rules that Art hath found Defect and excess in those Rules bewray Order's defective Nature 's much deform'd But ORDER is the Center of that GOD That is unbounded and All circumscribes Then if this Work hath any likelyhood Of the least good the
so I will proceed to their Compound use Vpton saith that Files are not born for Arms but for differences of Arms Tales lingulae sive labellae saith he non dicuntur proprie signa sed differentiae signorum Nevertheless in practise it falls out otherwise as in this Coat here expressed and others following may be seen For we find that Labels are born both single and manifold without any other manner of Charge so that it is clear that they are born sometimes for Arms and not always for differences of Arms as by the second Escocheon following more plainly appeareth Note That as the Bordures before mentioned so also these Files are oftentimes charged with things as well quick as dead whereof I will give you some few Examples in these next Escocheons The Label of the Heir apparent saith Wyrly is seldom transferred unto the second Brother but when the Inheritance goeth to the Daughters of the eldest Brother In which case it was permitted unto him to bear the File as Heir-male of his Family and as one that remained in expectancy of the Inheritance if the Issue of his Neeces should fail Note that the second Brother might not intrude himself into the absolute Signs of his Family the Inheritance being in his Neeces or Kinswomen Hugh de Hastings being a second Brother and his Posterity did bear a Label for their difference upon the like occasion and for the reasons here mentioned Forasmuch as it hath been anciently questioned and for ought that I could ever see resteth as yet undecided by Bartholus Budaeus and other Judicious persons of their times Whether Files or Labels should be born with even points or odd some holding that they could not be born but odd others maintaining they might be used indifferently as well even as odd In my former Impression I followed the stronger Opinion and in all the precedent Examples have produced patterns of unequal points Nevertheless not so resting satisfied I have sithence endeavoured to examine their use the faithfullest Interpreter of things doubtful to which end I took occasion to peruse certain Miscellanean notes of Seals which I had gathered long ago by which Seales it appeared they had been anciently used to be born as well even as odd whereupon out of my desire to clear all doubts and to make every thing as perspicuous and manifold as I could I resolved to cut such Seals as came to my hands for the better approbation of this my assertion and content of the Reader and withal to set them down according to order of even bearing viz. two four six c. before I would conclude this Chapter of Files As in Example This piece of Evidence resteth amongst the Writings or Deeds of George Thorpe of Wanneswell Esquire and one of his Majesties Gentlemen Pensioners whose residence is in the Parish of Barkley in the County of Gloucester An Example of a File with four points followeth in this next Escocheon This Coat might have been more aptly placed hereafter in the second Section amongst Ordinaries of divers kinds born one upon another but that I desire to place all my Labels of even points together without interruption though I digressed somewhat therein by giving way to necessity albeit with breach of Rule and Order Nonnunquam enim propter excellentiam seu necessitatem receditur à Regulis This form of bearing of Files with four points is also warranted by Rolls of great Antiquity as appeareth by the Coat of Sir Thomas Leybourne that bare Azure six Lionceaux Rampant Or a File of four points Gules which I do here pass over as well for brevity as for impertinency thereof to this place in respect of the Lions the principal charge thereof Note here a strange bearing of a File Will. de C. fil Will. de Curli c. pro Salute Antecess c. terr in Territorio de Langle 20 Henr. 3. Teste Hug. le Poer Vicecom Warwick Heâ—r de Napford Roberto de Clopton milit This Example serveth to confirm my former assertion That Files are not only born for differences but sometimes for the only charge of the Coat-Armour as appeareth by the Coat of Henlington whereof I have given Example elsewhere And herein we may observe a rare form of position thereof in bend Sinister For the shunning of multiplicity of Examples I will give an instance of a Coat-Armour comprehending both sorts of Files viz. even and odd points which for that it is simple and unmixt with any ordinary or common Charge may serve in stead of all As in Example Now if any man will demand of me why I do spend my oyl and travel in things of so small moment To such I answer that so long as I travel to find out the truth I reckon my travel well bestowed though the matter be of never so small importance Suave enim est in minimis etiam vera scire There is yet another form of bearing of Files diverse from these before mentioned which albeit the same be not in use with us but seemeth to be a National Custome peculiar to the Kingdom of France Nevertheless sithence I have undertaken to treat amongst things of the use of blazoning of Coat-Armour I would not willingly omit any form of bearing or other remarkable thing that might make either my self or the Reader more expert in the use of Blazon This form of bearing Files which I will now shew you is not distant some little space from the upper part of the Chief after the most usual fashion but groweth immediately out of the Chief it self In like sort divers other Noble Houses of France viz. of Valois of Berry and of Alencon have Bordures either plain or engrailed or charged with Besants those of Evereux Bastons Or and Argent and they of Bourbon Bastons Gules Here may rise a Question not unworthy our observation viz. Whether like as the eldest Brother is preferred before the second so the Son of the Eldest Brother shall in like sort be preferred or take place before his Uncle And this hath been holden a great and difficult Question a long season until at length Otho the Emperour of Germany being at Trevere with his Barons this matter was there questioned he ordained that the cause should be decided by Combat wherein the Nephew hardly obtained the Victory because it was deemed to have proceeded by the secret Judgment of God it was decreed that from thenceforth the Nephew should be preferred before the Uncle Of this mind are Nich. Boerius Lucas de Penna and Iohn de Montolero that the Nephew should take place The like Question hath risen in France between the Second Daughter and the Son of the Eldest Sister as well in Avignon a City of Narbone in France as in other parts thereof which remained long undetermined At length it was finally adjudged in the Court of Parliament holden at Paris for the Nephews for whom also it was likewise decreed in the City of Avignon If any man
shall demand of me How it cometh to pass that the Diminutions or Differences of Arms beforementioned are so diversly born not only in forraign Countries but also in one self Nation Or why there is not one set form observed in the use of them with all Nations I answer That it is not possible because of the infinite actions of men which are no less infinitely subject to mutability and therefore can by no means be reduced to a Set-form of bearing universally according to that saying of an uncertain Author Res sunt infinitae infiniteque mutabiles idcircò praecepto generali comprehendi non possunt The First House The Second House The Third House The Fourth House The Fifth House The Sixth House It hath been evermore one Observation with Nations in bearing of Arms that as every particular Family saith Sir Iohn Ferne did bear Arms different in substance from those of other Families so those that are descended of the self same Bloud should likewise bear the Arms of that House and Family whereof they are descended in a different manner each from other not in Substance but in Accidents for the distinguishing of their Line of Agnation And the apposition of these Differences albeit they seem to make some alteration in the Coat-Armours whereunto they are annexed yet is the same but meerly Accidental the Substance still remaining as it was before the Nature of these Appositions being such as is of all other Accidents Vt possint abesse adesse sine subjecti interitu And these Differences annexed to Coat-Armours are of some Authors termed and that not improperly Diminutiones Armorum in respect they do derogate from the Dignity of the Arms whereto they are added as expresly manifesting them to be of less esteem than those from which they are derived Multiplicitas enim individuorum in eadem specie diminutionem arguit But doubtless the conceit of Apposition of these Differences to Coat-Armours was grounded upon the necessity the common Parent of all Inventions as well that thereby all confused bearing of Arms might be avoided as also that the Prerogative of the Eldest Son should be preserved inviolable And for this cause hath the Eldest of every Noble and Generous Family his peculiar manner of sole and plain bearing which he will in no case permit any other man to use though he be of the same Family and Surname but with addition of some kind of Difference because the sole bearing of Arms pertaineth only to the first begotten In primogenito enim saith Lyra tanquam in capite stat remanet splendor geniturae As touching the Dignity of the Firstbegotten Tremellius in his Annotations upon the 49th of Genesis maketh mention of two chief Prerogatives due unto Reâ—ben had he not defiled his Fathers Bed the one of Honour whereby he had his Brethren in Subjection unto him the other of Strength by reason of his double portion of Inheritance And Chassanaeus saith Ea quae acquiruntur Primogenito acquiruntur titulo universali item acquiruntur ut constituto in dignitate For these respects the Arms of the Family ought to remain entire to the Eldest because the second third and fourth begotten Sons cannot arrogate to themselves any such Prerogative and therefore may not bear their Coat but with Difference Furthermore these Differences here spoken of are of some Authors called Doctrinae Armorum and that very aptly in regard that by the apposition of them to Coat-Armours our understanding upon sight of them is informed from what Line of Consanguinity the Bearer of such Difference doth abstract himself whether from the Line Ascending Descending or Collateral as also in what Degree he standeth as whether he be the second third or fourth begotten Child of such a Parent And such apposition in no less lawful than is the addition of Names of Baptisme unto the Surname of the Family Sicut enim nomina inventa sunt ad cognoscendos homines ita arma vel insignia ad familias personas distinguendas singulatim There is yet a further use of these Differences in that they serve to prevent and avoid Dissentions Debates Challenges Combats and Slaughters For as to all Brethren there is but one Surname allowed yet for Difference that one of them may be discerned from another there is added unto each Brother a Praenomen or Name of Baptism so is it necessary that since the Coat-Armour of the Ancestor is competible to all the Children as the Mark of the Family whereof they are descended that a Difference should be added to the Coat-Armour of every Brother to mark and limit out to all mens sight the diversity of their Birth and Line whereupon they depend that so all occasion of Challenge may be prevented when each man knoweth not only his place of precedence but also his nearness and place of title to the Inheritance Whereas I have formerly among the Examples of Bordures used demonstrations of Differences in the Blood Royal of some of the younger Sons of Kings I hold it fit before I conclude this Tract of Differences to give a little touch of the necessity why these should be more eminent than those of ordinary use with Persons of inferiour Estate First in regard that if the Coat-Armour of others should have too near a conformity and resemblance with the Soveraign Ensigns the Vulgar sort perhaps might in some cases or pretences be seduced to follow such a one as were not their King to the great disturbance of the State and no less peril to the Person of their lawful Soveraign And not only is it so in Coats pertaining to the Blood Royal but also in other inferiour Callings For in ancient time saith Wyrly when men could not sufficiently distinguish their Coat-Armours by changing their Devices into other Colours for the Number of Leaders that many times were of one House or Family then were they forced to very their Marks by the said Additions And very seldom should you see in those times Crescents Mollets of such small things born for a Difference or if any such were they were made so large that they might easily be discerned by the distance of forty foot Furthermore the Soveraign Estate and Dignity being compared with the quality of any Subject the Difference will be found so great between them and the one so far surmounting the other of them as that Reason it self willeth that so great a Difference should be put between the Royal Ensigns and the Arms of a Subject as there is between their Estates and Degrees since those Ensigns are the Marks of their worthiness and esteem For these and other respects it hath been and yet still is in use that in Addition of Differences to the Arms of Kings younger Children the skilful Heralds have given some of the Honourable Ordinaries for more apparent Distinctions as a Fess Chief Bend Pile Bordure and such like as we may manifestly see in divers ancient Coats born by such Noble Personages as
in Middlesex Gent. As touching such Coat-Armour of Partition as are charged all over these few Examples may suffice I do blazon this Coat-Armour by precious stones in respect the Bearer hereof is ennoblished by his rare vertues and approved loyal Services done to Queen Elizabeth of blessed memory and to the King's Majesty late deceased as also in regard of his so many learned and judicious works publickly manifested in sundry Volumes extant and approved by men of best judgment in that kind This Coat with a due difference is born by Colonel Thomas Sackvile of Selscome in Sussex a person that served King Charles the First in all his Civil Warrs and was one of the Captains of his Life-guards at the Battel of Edg-hill He was Son of Sir Thomas Sackvile of the said place Knight of the Bath and is now married to Margaret Daughter of Sir Henry Compton of Brambletye in the aforesaid County also Knight of the Bath by his first wife the Lady Cicely Sackvile Daughter to Robert Earl of Dorset As these last mentioned Coats are framed of straight lines of Partition so shall you find others composed of sundry lines before spoken of in the beginning of the second Section of this Book as well of those sorts that I call cornered lines as of those that are bunched And as these last handled do utterly exclude all mixture of the Tinctures whereof they are formed by reason of the straightness of the lines wherewith they be divided so contrariwise those Arms that do consist of those other sorts of lines do admit participation and intermixture of one colour with another for which cause they are of Leigh termed Miscils à miscendo of mingling to whom I will referr you touching Coats of that kind for that he hath exemplified them at large in his Accidence of Armory CHAP. II. IN the former Chapter are comprehended such Coat-Armours as consist of single and manifold lines as well charged as simple Now shall be handled such other kinds of hearing which albeit they consist of lines of Partition as the last spoken of do yet by reason of the variable apposition of some one or omore lines of Partition they do constitute another form of bearing and receive also a diverse denomination being called Coats counterchanged or transmuted All which shall brieflyâ— yet plainly appear by the few Examples following Counterchanging or transmutation is an intermixture of several Metals or Colours both in Field and Charge occasioned by the apposition of some one or more lines of Partition Such Coat-Armours may be fitly resembled to the party-coloured-garements so much esteemed in ancient time as they were held meet for the Daughters of Kings during the time of their virginity So we read of Thamar the Daughter of King David Erat induta tuâ—ica verse-colore sic enim vestiebantur filiae Regis virgines pallis and so we read that Ioseph the special beloved Son of Israel was by his Father clad in a Coat of divers colours Touching the high estimation of which kind of garments we find where the Mother of Sisera discoursing with her Ladies touching her Son 's over-long stay after the Battel against the Israelites said Partiuntur praedam puellam â—uamâ— imo duas in personam quamcunque praeda versicolorum est Siserae praeda versicolorum Phrygioncium opus c. Bends saith Sir Iohn Ferne or any other principal Charges Ordinary may be parted of two colours on more And such bearing is no novelty in Arms but are as ancient as the Norman Conquest and before so as they are both honourable and ancient Of which sort of bearing you shall in part see in these next ensuing Escocheons Sometimes you shall find Coat-Armours parted per Pale indented and counterchanged as in this next Escocheon As there is counterchanging as in these precedent Examples so also may you observe the like bearing Barr-ways as in this next Escocheon CHAP. III. THERE are certain other kinds of bearing of Arms having no colour predominating and are named of the several things from whence they are derived for such are abstracted either from Charges ordinary or common Of the first sort are such as being derived from some of the Ordinaries intreated of formerly have their derivation either manifest and do keep their name or else obscure and do lose their name Those are said to have a manifest derivation whose Original is apparently discerned to be abstracted from some of the said Ordinaries as from Pale Bend Fess Barr c. Such are these that follow and their like Barry of six pieces Or and Azure by the Name of Constable These were anciently the Arms of one Fulco de Oyry a noble Baron of this Realm whose Daughter and Heir the Ancestor of these Constables had married and bore the Arms of the said Fulk according to the usual custome of that Age. Sometimes you shall find a Coat-Armour composed of more than of six of these pieces as in this next Example Note that these and such others are no less subject to charging both in part and all over than those last exemplified as by the ensuing Examples is apparent This Coat with the Arms of Vlster is now born by Sir Robert Shirley of Staunton-Harold in Leicestershire of Chartley in Staffordshire of Ettington in Warwickshire and of Shirley Brailsford and Edneston in Darbyshire Baronet CHAP. IV. HAVING given Examples of Coats abstracted from Ordinaries by a manifest derivation now followeth in order to speak of such as have their derivation from them after a more obscure manner as in Example Now I will shew you a Coat-Armour which although it be of this kind yet doth it much differ from the former This shall suffice for Coat-Armours having an observe derivation from some of the Ordinaries and do keep their name Of such as do lose the name of their Ordinaries whereof they are composed I find only one sort which is checky And this form of bearing is also chargeable both in part and all over as shall appear by these next Examples wherein I do omit to exemplifie the single sort of bearing because the same is manifestly and universally known but will explain the compound only as followeth Of this Family of the Cliffords have been many Persons eminent in their Generations both in Peace and Warr and of late years George Earl of Cumberland famous for his many Services under Queen Elizabeth especially his taking Porto Rico in America from the Spaniards and since him Thomas Lord Clifford Baron of Chudleigh in Devonshire late Lord High Treasurer of England under his Majesty King Charles the Second Concerning Coat-Armours having no colour predominating and are derived from Ordinaries that which hath been spoken is sufficient I will now conclude with two Examples of such as are abstracted for common Charges viz. from Fusils Mascles and Lozenges which being born all over the Field are termed in blazony Fusily Lozengy Masculy that is Fusil-ways Lozenge-ways Mascle-ways These also are found charged