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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40439	The life of Dom John de Castro, the fourth vice-roy of India wherein are seen the Portuguese's voyages to the East-Indies, their discoveries and conquests there, the form of government, commerce, and discipline of warr in the east, and the topography of all India and China : containing also a particular relation of the most famous siege of Dio, with a map to illustrate it / by Jacinto Freire de Andrada, written in Portuguese ; and by Sr Peter Wyche, Kt., translated into English.; Vida de Dom João de Castro, quarto viso-rey da India. English	Freire de Andrade, Jacinto, 1597-1657.; Wyche, Peter, Sir, 1628-1699?	1663 (1663)	Wing F2155; ESTC R7129	235,174	319

the Altar on the Gospel-side is the Monument of Dom Iohn de Castro in which before 't was clos'd were laid his Bones with the following Epitaph D. JOANNES DE CASTRO XX. PRO RELIGIONE IN UTRAQUE MAURITANIA STIPENDIIS FACTIS NAVATA STRENUE OPERA THUNETANO BELLO MARI RUBRO FELICIBUS ARMIS PENETRATO DEBELLATIS INTER EUPHRATEM ET INDUM NATIONIBUS GEDROSICO REGE PER SIS TUR CIS UNO PRAELIO FUSIS SERVATO DIO IMO REIPUB REDDITO DORMIT IN MAGNUM DIEM NON SIBI SED DEO TRIUMPHATOR PUB LICIS LACHRIMIS COMPOSITUS PUBLICO SUMPTU PRAE PAUPER TATE FUNERATUS OBIIT VIII ID JUNII ANNO 1548. AETATIS 48. Under the Arch adjoyning to this rest the Bones of his Wife Dona Leonor Coutinho 108. On the Epistle-side of the Altar under an Arch over against that where is Castro's Monument rests his Son Dom Alvaro where his Bones were put in the same manner on him is writ this following Epitaph D. ALVARUS DE CASTRO MAGNI JOANNIS PRIMO-GENITUS CUI PENE AB INFANTIA DISCRIMINUM SOCIUS PUGNARUM PRAECURSOR TRIUMPHORUM CONSORS AEMULUS FORTITUDINIS HAERES VIRTUTUM NON OPUM REGUM PROSTATOR IN SINAI VERTIGE EQUES FELICITER INAUGURATUS A REGE SEBASTIANO SUMMIS REGNI AUCTUS HONORIBUS BIS ROMAE SEMEL CASTELLAE GALLIAE SABAUDIAE LEGATIONE PERFUNCTUS OBIIT IV. KALEND SEPTEMB ANNO 1575. AETATIS SUAE 50. In the next Arch to this lies his Wife Dona Anna de Attayde under the Body of the Chapel is made a Vault with six stone Arches in one of which is an Altar to celebrate Mass the rest have Repartments for the Bones and Bodies of the Dead 109. The Bishop Inquisitor General Founder of this Chapel gave for the maintenance of those Religious who are to perform the Duties of it to the Convent of Bemfica two hundred and forty thousand Reis yearly to be paid out of the Chamber of this City of Lisbone which are thus distributed One hundred and twenty thousand Reis for three Masses to be daily Celebrated fifty though given before for the Anniversaries he shall appoint in his Will forty for the Fabrick and providing the Chapel thirty for supplying the necessities of those Religious men who reside in the Novic●ate for the looking to and cleaning the Chapel which besides this he Adorn'd with many rich and devout Pieces and gave to the Sachristy all things necessary for Divine Worship as well Ornaments for Holy-days as Work-days Linning Candlesticks of all sizes Lamps and other such like necessaries all in aboundance and perfection 110. Dom Iohn de Castro as Illustrious for his Family as Virtues was Born in Lisbone the 27th of February of the year one thousand five hundred He was second Son to Dom Alvaro de Castro Governour of the House of Civil and to Dona Leonor de Noronha the Daughter of Dom Iohn de Almeyda second Earl of Abrantes Grand-child to Dom Garcia de Castro who was Brother to Dom Alvaro de Castro the first Earl of Monsanto these two were Sons to Dom Fernando de Castro Grand-children to Dom Pedro de Castro and great Grand-children to Dom Alvaro Pirez de Castro Earl of Arrayolos and first Constable of Portugal Brother to the Queen Dona Inez de Castro Wife to King Dom Pedro the Cruel This Constable was Son to Dom Pedro Fernandez de Castro call'd in Castile the Man of Warr who coming into this Kingdome begun here the Illustrious house of the Castros which hath preserv'd it self in so much greatness Dom Pedro by the Male line descended from the Infante Dom Fernando Son to King Dom Garcia of Navarre who Married Dona Maria Alvarez de Castro the only Daughter of the Earl Alvaro Fanhez Minaya the fifth Grand-child in descent from Lain Calvo from whom this Family derives its beginning Dom Iohn de Castro when very young Marry'd Dona Leonor Coutinho his Cousin-German once remov'd greater for her Quality then Portion with whom retiring to the Town of Almada he by an Antidated old Age avoided the ambition of the Court He went to serve at Tangiers where he gave the first but extraordinary proofs of his Courage though of his Actions there we have more from his Fame then our Knowledge He return'd to Court re-call'd by the King Dom Iohn the third and the Kingdome being too narrow for his Gallantry went to India with Dom Garcia de Noronha He accompany'd Dom Estevaon de Gama in his expedition to the Mouth of the Red-Sea and made a Journal of his Voyage a usefull and acceptable work to Sea-men On his return to Portugal he retir'd to his Country-house at Sintra recreating himself by Reading in his Solitudes and employments always Exemplary He put on his Sword again to follow the Eagles of Charls the Emperour in the Battail of Tunez where he rais'd his name with new Glory when this design was over hiding himself from his own Fame he again retir'd to Sintra knowing how to avoid not keep himself from employments The King Dom Iohn made him Admiral of the Navy of the Coast a Service where his Courage was answered by Success He went last of all to Govern India where by the Victories we have related he secur'd and brought into reputation the State When the designs of Warr spar'd him he in a large Card describ'd all the Coast betwixt Goa and Dio marking the Flats and Shelves the height of the Pole in which the Cities lye the depth of Water Anchoring and Creeks which form the Havens the Trade-winds and Nature of those Seas the force of the Currents the swiftness of Rivers disposing the Lines in different Tables all with so minute and exact Geography as only this Work might serve to make him Famous if he were not so eminently for his great Fortitude He look't the same in his streights at Home and prosperity in the East appearing always the same Man in diverse Fortunes his Ambition was to deserve all things and ask nothing He equally did reason and justice to all men unbyast in his Punishments but so Justifiable that the Complaints were more against the Law then Minister He was free to the Souldiers sparing to his Children shewing more civility in his Office then Nature He us'd with a great deal of Ceremony the Actions of his Predecessours honouring even those he put not in practice without prostituting his Civility he preserv'd his Respect He appear'd above the Great ones and Father of the Meanest such was his Life as by that more then by Punishments he reform'd extravagancies his first Zeal was always in God's cause then in the States he past no Virtue without Reward some Vices without Punishment amending not a few some by Favours others by Clemency The presents he receiv'd from the Prince of Asia he put to the King's Revenue a Virtue all prais'd few imitated the maimed Souldiers found him Sollicitous in their Cure and Compassionate of their Condition He oblig'd every one yet seem'd obnoxious to

the Portuguese out of India This Siege began Antonio da Silvera being Governour of Dio July 1538. the first Army which came against the place consisting of six thousand Horse and thirteen thousand Foot under the Command of Alucan and Coge-Sofar and in September Solomon Bashaw Admiral of the Turks came to their Relief with a Fleet of seventy six Vessels full of Choise men and a suitable preparation of all other necessaries There was not wanting by Sea or Land the personal and constant gallantry of Assaults the subtilty of Stratagem and uninterrupted Battery of great Guns against a few men taken unprovided yet did the Enemy raise the Siege himself at the end of October and the Vice-Roy Dom Garcia de Noronha found him gone when he came to their Relief with one hundred and sixty Sail. 17. The subjection all India was in under the Fortress of Dio the old Animosities for the first Baffle received at that place and Mahumed's revenge for the Death of his Father Badur kill'd by the Portuguese begot the second Siege of Dio 1546. the chief Story of our History which if not much prejudiced by a lessening Translation may probably appear one of the greatest Actions on Record Here Envy cannot fasten that with which she so disparagingly blasted Alexanders Expeditions and Conquests in Asia That he had to do with unarm'd and unpolisht Men master'd to his hand by Vice and Luxury Courage Discipline Design and Arms were here in that height as they seem'd not to be newly learn'd in the East and must have prevailed against any one but a Dom John de Castro one so singular in all Vertues as he might Cope with any of the antient Heroes and challenge a place in the Kalendar of Saints whose constant Carriage and Influence over all India is besides the universal consent of History a strong argument for some successes which might be otherwise startled at as improbable if any can be so to that Magnanimous and Hereditary preseverance in difficulties which we have shew'd to be Entaild for above an Age upon the Portuguese To Atone the imperfections of the Translation and help the Reader in the passages of so famous and memorable a Siege I have procured and gratefully acknowledge it as an eminent favour the Ma●● of Dio from his Excellency the Marquess of Sandé now extraordinary Embassadour in England from the King of Portugall which I have inserted in the proper place 18. The Death of our great and glorious Dom John de Castro left not India so destitute but the following Governours added Conquests to the State Converts to the Church King John the Third was succeeded by his Grand-child Posthumus Sebastian Born with such restless desires to enlarge his Conquests against the Moors and Infidels as his thoughts had no other object The wonderfull success of his Arms in the Indies in getting ground on his Enemies the defence of Goa Besieged by Idalcan with 35000. Horse and 60000. Foot the keeping Chaul against a Siege of nine Moneths re-inforc'd with one hundred thousand Foot and 45000. Horse managed with all the horrour resoluteness and policy of Warr and the Counsel of the most Prudent about him could not so defend him against the subtle perswasions of his admiring Flatterers as to stop his fatal Voyage into Africa Anno 1578. where after a hard March in the hea●s and deserts second only to that of Resolute Cato's engaging with incredicle numbers of the Enemies he is by some supposed to be the third King slain in the Battail though others fond of their own Grief and his Memory tell compassionate and tender Stories of his disguise and escape and thinking so great a Light could not go out with out its last amasing Blaze believe Sebastian not yet Dead 19. Henry the Cardinal Son to King Emanuel and great Uncle to Sebastian was on his Death by the Civillians Nemine contradicente asserted King and accordingly receiv'd by the Kingdome his old Age which allow'd him but the Reign of one Year and five Moneths and the Character of his Spiritual orders beautified in him by the chast and exemplary Austerity of a Prince obliged him to endeavour to settle the Succession by appointing a meeting of the States at Almeirim there to hear the pretensions of those five Rivals who Courted the Crown The Competitors were Antonio Prior of Crato natural Son to the Infante Dom Lewis second Son to King Emanuel who for some Weeks carried himself as King at Lisbone by coyning Money and conferring Honours till forc'd away by the Duke of Alva fled to Porto thence got into France and in the year 1589. assuring Queen Elizabeth That all the Portuguese would unanimously acknowledge him if he got Footing there the Fleet design'd for the West-Indies under the Command of Captain Drake appeared in his Favour but the Portuguese answered not his expectation His only prejudice was his not being Legitimate Raynusius Duke of Parma Grand-child to Edward the fourth Son to King Emanuel by his eldest Daughter Mary excluded because the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdome provide in case a Daughter Marry out of Portugall against a Strangers pretending in her Right Catharine Dutchess of Barganza second Daughter to Edward but with the Legal advantage of having Married in the Kingdome Philip the second King of Spain Grand-child to King Emanuel by his eldest Daughter Elizabeth Married to the Emperour Charls the Fifth Emanuel Philibert Duke of Savoy Grand-child to King Emanuel by his second Daughter Beatrix Married to Charls Duke of Savoy Philip the second King of Spain having chased Prior Antonio out of Lisbone was acknowledged King of Portugall and went in Person to Lisbone in June 1581. 20. The Restauration of King John the Fourth to the Kingdome and Crown of Portugall Anno 1640. is eminently observable That the Possession of the King of Spain for threescore years had not made the Portuguese loose their Courage or Hopes to effect their desires That the King of Spain should make the Duke of Braganza whose pretences to the Crown and affections of the People he very well knew Grand-master of the Artillary who in dischage of his trust seemed to refuse the offer of the Crown That a secret intrusted with six hundred should not miscarry That the design should be perfected with only the Death of the Secretary And that its influence should be so general and powerfull as the Castillians were every where and almost at the same time laid aside particularly in Brazil where they were totally extirpated And where afterwards the States of Holland found this policy of the Portuguese seconded by the Courage of their Ancestors in taking the Reciffe in Pernambuck Ianuary 1654. a place the States with a Fleet of fifty Ships had taken from the Spaniard 1630. of such consequence That whilst the Crowns were united in one the Recovery of it was the great Debate of the Councils attempted by the Admiral Dom Antonio de Oquendo 1631. Afterwards for many years

State these faults were of so good a kind that Iohn's Vices might be more Valew'd than others Virtues that he knew none but Dom Iohn de Castro who could keep up the first Discipline of the Indies who serv'd so unconcern'd for his own interest as if he despis'd all earthly Rewards and his Majesty were not a King of Men but a God of Vassals that he did very much love Dom Iohn de Castro for his Qualities but so impartially that he should Valew his Deserts though separated from his Person in any other 33. The King with whom the Infant 's opinion had no little credit seeing him prize Dom Iohn with a Zeal for his Prince and Knowledge of his Friend lik'd the Hint the Infant gave him whose Authority too had an influence over the minds of others and sending for Dom Iohn de Castro to Evora where the Court was in the publick Hall told him I have of late been Sollicitous to provide one whom I might send Governour to the Indies and was of opinion I might find him in the Family of the Castros from whose Stock the Kings my Predecessors have always tane Generals for their Armies and Regents for their Provinces I too flatter my self that the Fruit of so generous a Root cannot degenerate and that the rather by guessing what you will do by your former Actions which have given you so just a repute in the Kingdoms opinion and my esteem and for which I confidently put into your hands the Government of the Indies expecting that you will so carry your self there as I may give what you do for a pattern to those who succeed you Dom Iohn kist the King's hand better pleas'd with the Honour than the Employment in so great a charge only Valewing the not seeking it There were diverse Opinions in the Court about this Election some found fault with it out of Envy others out of Custom and where they could not tax any Defect in parts they charged the excess yet was it so lik'd of the most and best that the King was glad he had pitch'd upon one who so much pleas'd every one 34. The King gave him Orders presently to provide the Fleet not letting any Body else have to do with it as is falsly writ by one Author who tells us that Dom Iohn went Discontented to the Indies because he was not Comply'd with in some particulars a thing so thwarting our certain information and the little ambition of this Gentleman who was more busie in what to deny than what to ask as if the King had met with one he was not to entreat but obey 35. He resolv'd to carry with him his Sons Dom Fernando and Dom Alvaro who being the Eldest had bespoke some rich Cloaths allow'd of by his Years and Quality Dom Iohn passing by chance through the Iubiteria saw a pair of Embroidered Breeches hang out and stopping his Horse ask'd whose they were the man answering that Dom Alvaro the Governours Son of India bespoke 'em Dohn Iohn ask'd for a pair of Cisers and cut 'em in pieces leaving this word with the Master of the Shop Bid the Boy buy Arms. We read not that the Discipline of the old Romans was more exemplary or severe 36. Dom Iohn quickly made ready the Fleet without the oppression and complaints of the Poor the Extorsion which great Officers carry out by their Princes favour being then not us'd or not known the main of the Fleet was six great Ships on which went two thousand paid men The Admiral call'd the Saint Thomas on which the Governour went who gave her that name which he afterwards call'd upon in the Field justly imploring the protection of the Apostle of the Indies in all his undertakings the other Captains of the Convoy were Dom Ieronimo de Menezes Son and Heir of Dom Henrique Brother to the Marquiss of Villa Real Iorge Cabral Dom Manoel da Silveyra Simaon de Andrade and Diego Rebello 37. All the Fleet set Sail the seventeenth of March 1545. and in a few days they had been at Sea 't was told the Governour that in his Ship there were about two hundred who had their allowance of Diet and nothing to do there some were not receiv'd because useless others were offenders who got on Board by stealth The Officers were importunate with the Governour to put them on Board the Hospital Ship so to rid his own and keep their Provisions for the Casualties of so long a Voyage but the Governour more Compassionate than Cautious making his and the poor mens case the same follow'd on his course in a little time Provision began to be scarce on which the Mariners and Souldiers were forc'd to complain of the Governour who with so Venturous compassion would to save a few hazard all most were of opinion to Land those men on the Cape de Verde Islands where the Of●enders would be out of the reach of Justice and the Necessitous kept from Starving but the Governour upon Reflection that the Air and Soil of the Islands at that time of the Year were in every ones opinion unhealthfull resolv'd to protect the poor men in his own Ship hoping to preserve both himself and them saying in their behalf It would be unhumanly done to deny them the Sea who fled from the Land They had but little Winds till they met with the Trade winds on the Coast of Guine where the Governours Ship striking upon the ground was like to overset those Seas in the judgment of Mariners being clear and where the Card mark'd no Sands Every ones Confusion was like his who drinks in Death unexpectedly the season and fear too heightned the danger when the Ship being all on one side and not feeling the Rudder began to be on float again it might be chance but seem'd a miracle The Governour commanded 'em to shoot off three Pieces that the Ships which were on stern him might avoid the Sands which not understanding the Warning came upon 'em but with better Luck than Skil though of the same Burden with the Admiral scap'd the Sands finding in the same place other Fortune the cause of which pusled the Seamen 38. The Governour with the whole Fleet got together pursuing his Voyage arriv'd at Mocambique where the Landing of and the procuring conveniencies for the sick men was what he chiefly minded being in that assisted by his two Sons Dom Alvaro and Dom Fernando who then were Heirs apparent of his Charitableness afterwards of his Valour the time he staid at Mocambique he observ'd the Fortress the State hath there to be ill contriv'd in being too far from the shore by which with difficulty it provided and reliev'd our Fleets and being in a bottom was commanded by many Hills which also hindring the good Air made it unwholsome He put this to those who either by Study or Experience had any Skil in this Science and all agreed