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A57708 Archaelogiae Atticae libri septem Seaven [sic] books of the Attick antiquities : containing the description of the citties glory, government, division of the people, and townes within the Athenian territories, their religion, superstition, sacrifices, account of the yeare, a full relation of their judicatories / by Francis Rous ... ; with an addition of their customes in marriages, burialls, feastings, divinations &c. in the foure last bookes by Zachary Bogan ... Rous, Francis, b. 1615.; Bogan, Zachary, 1625-1659. 1654 (1654) Wing R2034; ESTC R8417 343,626 398

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you say if Socrates himselfe made use of this liberty For I have read he did and that besides Xanthippe the shrew he had another named Myrto the daughter of Aristides of which two it is said that upon a time they fell out and were presently reconcil'd againe by their Husband who told them it was a shame for two handsome Women as they were thus to fall out for one unhandsome man But * Rhod. Panaeth●us others there bee againe that deny the whole During that liberty I cannot see how the Etymology could hold water 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Unlesse you will have the man to stand out Hermione her selfe though she were super inducta over Andromache's head did altogether dislike the encrease of the number 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Which words of hers were presently seconded by those of the Chorus a Eurip. Androm v. 177. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Such envious things the Women are That fellow-wives they cannot beare And verifi'd they have been not onely by her owne example in conspiring the death of Andromache but by the ordinary practice of other such Wives among the Greeks especially in the Country of Epyrus b Eurip. ih when one to bring the Husband out of love with the other made use of Magicall devices especially such as might hinder her bearing Children to him and so consequently his bearing affection to her there being no better way then a Iuven. Sat. 2. partu retinere maritos Thus Neoptolemus was made to hate his Wife Hermion● as she suppos'd and so shee told the other 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 When such courses as these are taken b Iuven. ib. Turgida non prodest conditâ pyxide Lyde Neither the keeping of a Spider in a boxe nor the lash of a naked Lupercus will doe any good Fourthly she might be halfe a sister to the Husband so it be meant not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or uterina but only 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Fathers side or germana as the word is used by Aemilius Probus whether in its germane sense I know not where he speaks of Cimon's marrying his Sister Elpinice Habuit autem in Matrimonio s●r●rem germanam suam nomine Elpinicen non magis amore quam patrio more ductus nā Atheniensibus licet eodē patre natas Vxores ducere c L. 13. This act of Cimons Athenaeus thinks to have been done 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 contrary to the Laws and so in a clancular way But Plutarch saies he did it in a publike manner not only by making her his Concubine to lye with him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as he terms it which agrees with that which I told you before concerning 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 * taking her into his house to live with him and that for a lawfull cause as he thought viz. because she was to seek of a Husband fit for her condition But for all this I doe not see how he could by a Grecian well be excus'd for Hermione in the place above commended made it alike barbarous 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 When Sonne is joyn'd with Mother Or Sister with the Brother Unlesse you will maintaine the goodnesse of the practise then by the greatnesse of the Persons that used it before I meane Iupiter and Iuno who had but one Womb one birth and one bed when they pleas'd Fiftly she must be no Bastard unlesse she were intended for a Bastard-maker and in a Proletarious manner only for breed I mean for a Concubine for such I take to be little better then what Talthibius once said poore Cassandra was like to be made by Agamemnon viz. a Eurip. in Troad v. 251. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Children little better then 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 if the Father were more in the dark As for the Portion or Estate she was either 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 one that had no Brother and was Heire to the whole Estate or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that had a Brother and no more then her part or a portion The greatest distinction between a Wife and a Concubine was the having a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or a portion Insomuch that if any married with a Woman that had none but was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 yet he would have the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Writings formally drawn up however to make the World believe the best Those writings were sign'd and seal'd in the presence of witnesses and the man did 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 make over to the Woman some House of Land in exchange and this they call'd a Harpocr 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 CAP. XI De Divortiis ANd now that they are Married the Husband was to lye with the Wife thrice in a Month once for every part for they divided their Month unto three parts or else if she were an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 she might goe to another unlesse he were able to excuse himselfe by a lawfull impediment Such as coming frō Funeralls is accounted by b L. 2. Hesiod in those words of his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Or by any other unseasonablenesse of time for that they thought some times more seasonable then other and some fitter to beget Men-children then Women may appeare by the words of the same Poet speaking of the sixt day of the middle part of the Month. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And a little after of two other daies 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But if they were about any solemne Sacrifice to the gods be the time what it would it could never be lucky for either and therefore at such times they used as well as the Israelites to obstaine altogether or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pure habere as the Poet cal'd it in Asinario Si forte purè velle habere dixerit If a Wife that was an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 were overlay'd or any way abus'd by her Husband she might have a Writ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 otherwise called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and be suffered to leave him and this they called a Schol in Aristoph in Equit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 where as if the Husband would part with her it was call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because he might tarry in his own house and be rid of her company never the lesse But one thing I must tell you too that for either party to leave or to put away the tother was a thing alwaies very much detested among the Grecians Insomuch that at Sparta even then when the custome was for so many Men and Women to meet in the darke and every on to buy his pigge in the poke the Ephori impos'd a mulct upon Lysander himselfe for putting away one that he did not like for a better But 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for
Democracie he ordained these thirty to be chiefe f Xen. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p. 270. Polyarches Critias Melobius Hippolochus Euclides Hiero Mnesilochus Chremo Theramenes Aresias Diocles Phaedrias Chaerileos Anaetius Piso Sophocles Eratosthenes Charicles Onomocles Theognis Aeschines Theogenes Clomedes Erasistratus Phido Dracontides Eumathes Aristoteles Hippomachus Mnesithides These began at first to put to death the worst and most abhorred saies g In Catil Consp Salust without triall of law but afterwards the good and bad alike h Xen. p. 272. some for envy others for riches These to make their party firme chose about three thousand to whom alone they permitted to have weapons disarming all the rest to the end they might easily command their lives But by their Lawes for they made some stiled i Xen. p. 275. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which were nullified by a decree as wee shall speake hereafter none was to suffer 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who was registred in the list of three thousand So cruell were they that the people fled into k Dem. p. 467 Phyle a castle in the Athenean borders and making an head under the conduct of Thrasybulus at last shooke off this yoke and remained free untill the death of Alexander even fourscore years whom Antipater succeeded who in battle at the City Lamia gave the Athenians an overthrow and gave them quarters on these termes that they should submit to a few Peers whose revenewes amounted to two thousand Drachm'es at least the chiefe of whom was Demetrius Phalerius that they should likewise receave a garrison into Munichia for the asswaging of riots and uproares But foure yeares after Antipater dying the City fell into the power of Cassander of whom they often strove to acquit themselves but in vaine For he brought them to such an exigency that they were glad to come to composition And indeed he dealt fairely with them giving them their City Territories Tributes and all other things so that they would be confederates to him that none whose revenewes come not to tenne minae or pounds should undergoe any function in the Common-weale and he should be their overseer whom he would be pleased to nominate The man appointed was Demetrius Phalarius a Vide Laert. in vita Strabonem who made the City to shine in her full lustre insomuch that they erected in honour of him three hundred Statues He wrott a Treatise of the Athenian Republique which had not time devoured would have given no small light to my poore endeavours After he in trouble vexation had spent fourteeene yeares he was put out by Demetrius the sonne of Antigonus surnamed Polioreetes who restored the ancient customes to them againe To them they ascribed such worship as also to his father that they changed the name of their Iudge from Archon into b Plu. in Demerito 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Priest of the Gods that saved them calling the yeare after his name and adding * Pollux l. 8. two Tribes to the Tenne whence the Senate consisted of six hundred but five before as c In Berenice Stephanus But when Cassander had overthrowne the sonne and father such was the ingratitude and levity of the Athenians that they forbad Demetrius to approach nere their City After this Lacharis plaid the Tyrant and was expelled by Demetreus whom they utterly cast off assuming againe the title of Archon Demetrius dying Antigonus Gonatas succeeded who in the ninteenth yeare of his reigne put in presidiarie souldiers to the City which tenne yeares after he tooke out The Macedonians still kept some of the Athenians forces in this space Demetrius Antigoni Gon. F. Antigonus Dosôn out of whose hands d Plut. in vita Aratus the Sicyonian rescued the City and made it stand by it selfe untill Phillip the last king of the Macedonian Monarchy except one did somewhat shake it as you may read in e Decad. 4. l. 1 Livie But he was expelled by the Romans who tooke the Athenians into league with a maintaining their ancient right So they remained untill the warre between the Mithridates and the Romans For by feare they were driven to receive f Vide Appianum Alex. in Methridatio circa pag. 122 123. c. Archestratus Mithridates his Generall within their walls against which Sylla laid siege and captivated the City whence proceeded 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a mercylesse slaughter saies Appian that the g Plut. in vita p. 335. streets did runne with blood But the Lawes were not much altered by this Conquerour and therefore they lived in a nere resemblance of their former state in favour with the Roman Emperours Iulius Caesar Adrian Antonius Gallienus in whose successours time Claudius the ●econd of the name this City was ransacked by the Gothes who when they had heaped up ●nnumerable companies of bookes to burne were dehorted by this reason a Cedrenus Baptis●a ●gnatius ●om Prin. 1. that the Greekes spencing their time in reading of them might be made more un●it for war Constantine the Great likewise had this City in high esteeme taking to himselfe the Title 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as b In Orati●ne Constantium Iulian saies which in the word of Nicephorus Gregoras is c Hist. ●om l. 7. p. 166. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Grand Duke whom simply afterwards they called the d Hist. Rom. l. 7. p. 16● Duke of Athens in that Historians time Emperours have taken them Wives Citizens of this place and the e Nic. Greg. lib. cita daughters of their Dukes have beene desired by that eminent ranke And indeed no marvell For they were potent Rainerius Acciajolus is said to have taken the City from the Spaniards that inhabit Arragon f Calcochon 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who having no Issue male of his wife Eubois but an illegitimate named Antonius by an other woman bequeathed by will Boeotia and Thebes to him but Athens to the * In the time of Pietro Zani came Ambassadors from Athens to d●e hamage to the Venetian Senate M Leukenor in history and lives of the Venetian Princes Venetians from whom his sonne recovered it agane Nerius succeeded him in the Dukedome who thrust out Chalcocondilas his father After him came in Antonius Nerius brother to the former Nereus Now about this time we must know that Mahomet the sonne of Amurat the second got Athens g Chalcocon l. 9. p. 299. whose beauty and building he held in admiration which when he had made his owne he continued the Title For an other Nerius from those above named dying leaving one sonne an Infant his mother in the Childs Title exercised Tyranny This woman loved a Venetian Noble man sonne to Petrus Palmerius to whose Goverment the City Nauplium was committed he is called by Chalcocondilas Priamus who came thither for merchandize Him by discourse and flattery she intised