his Brother ouâ— of the Senate for that he had prâ—sumed to send home a Cohort of the Legion wherein he was a Tribune without the leave of the Consul What more difficult for a man to do than to send back with ignomihy to his Country a person nearly related by Family and Marriage or to use the severity of Stripes to a person allied in a long series of Blood and Kindred or to beed his Censors â—rown upon the dear Relation of a Brother 6. But our City which hath fill'd the world with wonderful Examples of all sorts with a double face beholds her Axes reeking with the Blood of her Commanders lest the disturbance of Military Disciplinâ— should go unpunish'd pompous abroad but the cause of private grief enough uncertain whether to perform the office of congratulating or comforting And therefore with doubtful thoughts have I coupled you two together most severe observers of Warlike Discâ—pline Posthumus Tubertus and Manlius Torquatus For I apprehend a fear of sinking under that weight of Praise which ye have merited and discovering the weakness of my Wit while I presume to represeâ—â— your Vertue as it should be For thou O Posthuâ—â—s Dictator didst cause thy victorious Son Aulus Pâ—â—â—humus to be beheaded thy Son whom thou didst beget to propagate the succession of thy renowned Race and the secret instructions of thy most sacred traditions the allurements of whose infancy thou hadst cherish'd in thy Bosome and with thy Kisses whom a Child thou hadst instructed in Learning a Man in Arms good couragious and obedient both to thee and to his Countrey only because without thy command without thy leave he had overthrown his enemies thy fatherly command was the Executioner For I am certain thine eyes orewhelm'd with darkness in the brightest light could not behold the great work of thy mind But thou Manlius Torquatus Consul in the Latine War didst command thy Son to be carried away by the Officer and to be slain like a Sacrifice though he obtain'd a noble Victory for that he had presum'd to fight with Geminius Metius Captain of the Tuscans when provoked to the Combat by him Esteeming it better that a Father should want a couragious Son than thy Countrey want Military Discipline 7. Again of what spirit think ye was Quintus Cincinnatus the Dictator at that time when the Aequi being vanquished he compelled Minutius to lay down the Consulship because the Enemies had besieged his Camp For he thought him unworthy the greatest command whom not his Virtue but his Trenches and his Breast works secur'd and who was not ashamed to see the Roman Arms trembling for fear shut up in their Turn-pikes Thus the most commanding twelve Fasces with whom remain'd the chief honour of the Senate of the Order of Knighthood of all the People with whose Nod all Latium and all strength of Italy was govern'd now shatter'd and broken submitted to the punishing authority of the Dictatorship And lest the breach of Military Honour should go unpunish'd the Consul punisher of all Crimes must himself be punished By these Propitiatory Sacrifices as I may so say O Mars the Father of our Empire when we degenerated from thy auspicious Discipline thy Deity was appeas'd By the infamy of Kindred Relations and Brothers by the murder of Sons and the ignominious degrading of Consuls 8. To the same purpose is that which follows Papirius Cursor Dictator when Q. Fabius Rullianus Master of the Horse had contrary to his command brought forth the Army to Battle though he return'd a Victor over the Samnites yet neither mov'd with his Virtue with his Success nor with his Nobility he caus'd the Rods to be made ready and the Conquerour to be stript A spectacle of wonder to behold Rullianus Master of the Horse and a victorious General his Cloaths pull'd off his Body naked to be lacerated with the stripes of an Executioner to no other end than to sprinkle the glorious honour of his Victories so lately obtain'd with the fresh Blood of those Wounds which he had received in the Field drawn from his Body by the knotted stripes of the Lictor At length the Army mov'd by his Prayers gave him the opportunity of flying into the City where in vain he implored the aid of the Senate for Papirius notwithstanding persever'd in requiring his punishment Wherefore his Father after having been Dictator and three times Consul was compell'd to appeal to the People and upon his Knees to beg the assistance of the Tribunes in the behalf of his Son Neither by this means could the Severity of Papirius be restain'd but being intreated by the whole City and by the Tribunes themselves made a protestation that he forgave the Punishment not to Fabius but to the City of Rome and the Authority of the Tribunes 9. L. Calpurnius Piso also being Consul being in Sicily making war against the Fugiâ—ives when C. Titius Commander of the Horse being environ'd and oppress'd by the multitude of the Enemy had with the rest of his Souldiers deliver'd their Arms to the Enemy he punisht him wiâ—h several marks of Ignominy He commanded him to march barefoot in the first Ranks from Morning till Night with a Jacket the skirts whereof were cut off and his Cloak slit from top to bottom he forbad him also the converse of Men and use of the Baths and the Troops which he commanded having taken away their Horses he divided them among the Slingers Thus to his great honour did Piso revenge the great dishonour of his Countrey having brought it so to pass that they who out of a desire of Life and deserving to be hanged had suffer'd their Arms to become the Trophies of Fugitives and were not ashamed to permit the ignominious yoak of Servitude to be laid upon their Liberty by the hands of Slaves might experience the bitter enjoymâ—nt of Life and covet that Death which they had so effeminately avoided 10. Not less than that of Piso was the proceeding of Q. Metelius who at the Battle of Contrebia having placed five Cohorts in a certain station and seeing them retire through the multitude of their Enemies he commanded them immediately to endeavour to recover their ground again withal severely adding that if any of them flying were found in the Camp he should be used as an Enemy not hoping by this means to regain what they had lost but to punish them with the manifest hazards of the ensuing Combat Yet they having received this check weary as they were having no other encouragement but Despair renewed the fight and with the slaughter of their Enemies recover'd their station So that there is nothing like Necessity to harden humane Imbâ—cillity 11. In the same Province Q. Fabius the Great being desirous to bring down the fierce pride of a most haughty People forcâ—d his gentle disposition for a time to lay aside all Clemency and to use himself to utmost Rigoul and Severity For he cut off the hands of all those
Life that neglects to return Kindness for Kindness How severely therefore are they to be reprehended who having most just Laws but being very wickedly enclined rather choose to obey their deprav'd manners than their Laws So that if it could happen that those great Persons whose misfortunes I have related could appeal to any other Cities d' ye think they would not quickly have silenced those talkative People as ingenious as they were Marathon glitters with the Persian Trophies Salamis and Artemisium beheld the Ruine of Xerxes Navy Those Walls that were pull'd down rise more glorious from their ruines But what are become of all those great Men that did these great things Answer Athens for thy self Thou hast suffer'd Theseus to be buried in a little Rock Miltiâ—des to die in Prison and Cimon his Son to wear his Fathers â—hains Themistocles a Victor to prostrate himself at the Knees of that very person whom he had vanquished Phocion also Solon and Aristides to forsake their Houshold-gods when at the same time ye give divine Honour to the Bones of Oedipus infamous for the Death of his Father and for marrying his Moâ—her Read therefore thy own Law which thou art bound by oath to observe and since thou wouldst not give due Reward to Vertue make just atonements to their injured Ghosts They are silent but whoever reads the ungrateful acts of the Athenians will be severe and free to eternity to reproach so great a Crime CHAP. IV. Of Piety toward Parents ROMAN Examples 1. Cn. Marcius Coriolanus 2. Scipio Africanus the Great 3. T. Manlius Torquatus 4. M. Aurelius Cotta 5. C. Flaminius Tribune 6. Claudia a Vestal 7. A Daughter that gave her Mother suck in Prison External Examples 1. Pero a Daughter gave her Father suck in Prison 2. Cimon the Athenian 3. Two Brothers Spaniards 4. Cleobis and Bython Amphinomous and Anapus 5. Scythians 6. Croesus 's dumb Son 7. Pulto BUt leave these Ingrates and talk of those that have been accompted pious for honest subjects are more pleasing than Stories of the wicked Let us come then to those who have been so fortunate in their Offspring as never to repent the promotion of Generaâ—ion 1. Coriolanus a person of a vast Courage and deep in Coâ—nsel and well-deserving of his Countrey yet almost ruin'd under the oppression of an unjust Sentence flâ—d to the Volsci who were Enemies to the Romans For Vertue gets esteem wherever it goes So that where he only sought for refuge in a short time he obtain'd the chief command of all things And it hapned that he who was by the Romans refused for their Leader had like to have proved their most fatal Enemy For the Volsci having often overcome our Armies by his Conduct and Valour came up and begirt the very walls of Rome For this reason the People that were so haughty as not to value their own happiness were forced to supplicate an Exile whose offence they would not pardon before Embâ—ssâ—dors were sent to appease him but they could do no good the Priests went in their râ—ligious Habits but returned without obtaining any favour The Senators were at their Wits end the People trembled both Men and Women bewail'd their approaching Calamity But then Veturia Coriolanus's Moâ—her â—aking along with her Volumnia his Wife and Children also went to the Camp of the Volsci whom assoon as hâ—r Son espied O my Countrey thou hast overcome my anger said he by vertue of this Womans tears and for the Wombs sake that bare me I forgive thee though my enemy and immediately he withdrew his Army from the Roman Territories And his â—iâ—ty encountred and overcame all Obstacles as well his revengâ— of the Injury received the hopes of Viâ—tory as the fear of Death upon his return And thus the sight of one Parent changed a most severe War into a timely Peace 2. The same Piety inflam'd the Elder Africanus hardly past the age of Childhood to the sâ—ccour oâ— his Father and arm'd him with many strength in the midst of the Battle For he saved thâ— Consul being despâ—rately wounded in the Battle which he lost to Hannibal upon the River Ticinus nothing terrified either by the weakness of his Age the rawness of skill in War or the event of an unfortunate Fight which would have dauâ—tâ—d an old Soldier he thereby merited a Crown conspicuous for its double Honour he having recover'd from the jaws of death a Father and a Gâ—neral 3. Those famous Examples the City only received by hearsay these they beheld with their eyes Pomponius the Tribune had accused T. Manlius Imperiossus to the People for that he had exceâ—ded his Commission out of hopes of making an end of the War and for sending away his Son which was a person of very great hopâ—s from publick employment to follow his own counâ—rey-affairs Which when Manlius understood he came to the City and went by break of day to Pomponius's House who believing that he came to aggravate his Fathers Crimes by whom he had been ill used commanded all the people out of the Chambâ—r that he might â—he more freely take his Examination The Son having thereby got an opportunity so fit for his turn drew his Sword which he had brought privatâ—ly under his Coat compell'd the threatned and terrified Consul to swear that he would forbear any farther prosecution of his Father So that Imperiossus never came to his Trial. Piety toward mind Parents is commendable But Manlius the more severe to him his Father was the greater praise he merited by the assistance which he gave him being invited by no allurement of Indulgence but only natural Aflection to love him 4. This sort of Piety did M. Cotta imitate the very same day that he put on the Coat of Manhood when assoon as he descended out of the Capitol he accused Carbo who had condemn'd his Father and bâ—ing condemn'd prosecuted him to punishment ennobling his early Youth and first attempt in publick business with a famous action 5. Paternal Authority was equally reverenced by C. Flaminius For when he being a popular Tribune had publish'd a Law for dividing the Gallick Land to every particular man in opposition to the Senate and quite against their wills contemning both their threats and entreaties and not at all terrified with the threats of an Army which they menaced to raise against him if he persisted in his obstinacy was got into the Pulpit for Orations reading his Law to the Peoplâ— yet when his Father pull'd him away he came down obedient to Paternal Command no man murmuring in the least to see him break off in the midst of his Speech 6. These were great effâ—cts of Manly Piety but I cannot tell whether the act of Claudia the Vestal Virgin were not as forcible and as couragious Who when she saw her Father pull'd out of his Triumphal Chariot by the rude hand of a Tribune with a wonderful celerity interposing her self between appeased the highest Authority in the City
wise men were loath it should be thought that his Condemnation had bin because his Accuser was so great a person And therefore I believe they reason'd thus amongst themselves We must not admit him that seeks the life of another to bring Triumphs Trophies and Spoils to the seat of Judgment Let him be terrible to his Enemy but let not a Citizen trusting to his high Merits and great Honour prosecute a Citizen 12. Not more eager were those Judges against a most noble Accuser than these were mild toward a Criminal of a far lower degree Callidius of Bononia being taken by night in the Husbands Bed chamber being brought to answer for the Adultery he buoyed himself up among the greatest and most violent waves of Infamy swimming like corn in a Shipwrack laying hold upon a very flight kind of defence For he pleaded that he was carried thither for the Love of a Servant-boy The place was suspected the time suspitious the Mistress of the house was suspected and his Youth suspected But the confession of a more intemperate Lust freed him from the Crime of Adultery 13. The next is an example of more concernment When the two Brothers of Cloelius were brought to answer for Parricide whose Father was kill'd in his bed while the Sons lay asleep in the same Chamber and neither Servant nor Freed-man could be found upon whom to fasten the suspicion of the Murther They were both acquitted only for this reason that it was made appear to the Judges that they were both found fast asleep with the door open Sleep the certain mark of innocent security sav'd the unfortunate For it was adjudg'd impossible that having murthered their Father they could have slept so securely over his wounds and blood PERSONS Condemned 1. Now we will briefly touch upon those to whom things beside the question did more harm than their own Innocency did good L. Scipio after a most noble Triumph over King Antiochus was condemned for taking Money of him Not that I think he was brib'd to remove beyond the Mountain Taurus him that was lately Lord of all Asia and just going to lay his victorious hands upon Europe But being otherwise a man of a most upright lâ—â—e and free far enough from any such suspicion he could nor resist the envy that haunted the two famous Sirnames of the two Brothers 2. Scipio was a person of high splendour But Decianuâ— a person of unspotted Integrity was ruin'd by his own tongue For when he accused P. Furius a man of a lewd life because that in some part of his Declamation he ventured to complain of the Death of Saturninus did not only not condemn the Guilty but suffered the Punishment appointed for him 3. The same case overthrew C. Titius He was innocent and in favour with the People for the Agrarian Law But because he had the statue of Saturninus in his house the whole College of Magistrates with one general consent ruined him 4. We may to these adde Claudâ—a whom though innocent of a crime an impious Imprecaâ—ion ruined For being crowded by the multitude as she returned home from the Playes she wished that her Brother by whom we had the greatest loss of our Naval Forces were alive again that being made often Consul he might by his ill conduct rid the City of the pesterment of the People 5. We may pass to those whom the violence of Condemnation snatched away for flight causes M. Mulvius Cn. Lollius L. Sextilius Triumvirs because they did not come so quickly as they ought to quench a Fire that happend in the Holy way being cited before the People at a prefixed day by the Tribune were condemned 6. Publius Villius also Nocturnal Triumviâ— being accused by Aquilius the Tribune fell by the Sentence of the People because he was negligent in going his watch 7. Very severe was that Sentence of the People when they deeply fin'd M. Aemilius Porcina bâ—ing accused by L. Cassius for having built his House in the Village of Alsium a little too high 8. Nor is that Condemnation to be supprest of one who being over-fond of his little Boy and being by him desir'd to buy him some Chitterlings for Supper because there were none to be got in the Countrey kill'd a Plough-Ox to satisfie the Boys desire For which reason he was brought to publick Trial Innocent had he not lived in the antient times Neither Quitted nor Condemned 1. Now to say something of those that being quâ—stioned for their Lives were neither quitted not condemned There was a Womâ—n brought before Popilius Lenaâ— the Praetor for haviâ—g beaten her Mother to Death with a Club. But he Praetor adjudged nothing agâ—inst her neiâ—her on way nor other For it was plain that she did it to revenge the death of her Children whom the Grand-mother angry with her Daughter had poysonâ—d 2. The same dâ—mur made Dolabella Proconsul of Asia A woman of Smyrna killed her Husband and her Son understanding that they had killed another Son of hers a hopeful young man which she had by a former Husband Dolabella wâ—uâ—d not take cognizance of the Cause but sent it to be determined by the Arâ—opagi at Athens Unwilling to set a woman at liberty defiled with two Murthers nor to punish her whom a just Grief had mov'd to do it Considerately and mildly did the Roman Magistrate nor did the Areopagite act less wisely who examining the cause bound the Accuser and the Criminal to appear an hundred years after upon the same ground as Dolabella acted Only he by transmitting the Trial they by deferring delay'd the difficult Sentence or Condemnation or Acquittal CHAP II. Of remarkable private Iudgments whereby were condemned 1. T. Claud. Centumalus 2. Octacilia Laterensis 3. C. Titinius Minturnensis 4. A certain person for riding a horse farther than hired for TO Publick Judgments I will adde private ones the Equity whereof in the Complainants will more delight than a great number offend the Reader 1. Claudius Centumalus being commanded by the Augurs to pull down some of the height of his House which he had built upon the Caelian Mount because it hindered them from observing their Auguries from the Tower sold it to Calpurnius Lanatius concealing the command of the Augurs By whom Calpurnius being compelled to pluck down his House brought Marcâ— Porcius Cato father of the famous Cato to Claudius as an Arbitrator and the form of Writing Whatever he ought to give him or do in good Equity Cato understanding that Claudius had for the nonce supprest the Augurs Edict presently condemned him to Calpurnius with all the Justice in the world For they that fell according to Conscience and Equity ought neither to enhance the hopes of the Bargain nor conceal the Inconveniencies 2. I have recited a Judgment famous in those times Yet what I am about to relate is not quite buried in silence C. Visellius Varro being taken with a great fit of Sickness suffered a Judgment of three thousand pieces of
or in my House and I command him forthwith to get out of my sight Silanus struck with the sharp and cruel Sentence of his Father would not endure to live any longer but the next night hang'd himself Now had Torquatus done the part of a severe Judge he had made satisfaction to the Common-wealth the Macedonians had their revenge and one would have thought that the Fathers rigour might have bin mollified by the unfortunate end of his Son But he would neither be present at his Funeral nor listen to them that came to consult him about his Burial 4. But M. Seaurus the Light and Ornament of his Countrey when the Roman Cavalry was worsâ—ed by the Cimbrians and deserting the Proconsul Câ—tulâ—â— took their flight toward the City sent one to tell his Son who was one of those that fled that he had rather meet with his carcass slain in the field than see him guilty of such a shameful flight And therefore if there were any shame remaining in his breast degenerate as he was he should shun the sight of his enraged Father For by the remembrance of his youth he was admonish'd what kind of Son was to be owned or contemned by such a Father as Scaurus Which message being deliver'd him the young man was forced to make a more fatal use of his Sword against himself than against his enemies 5. No less imperiously did A. Fulvius one of the Senatorian Order keep back his Son from going into the field than Scaurus chid his for running away For he caus'd his Son eminent among his equals for his Wit Learning and Beauty to be put to death because he took part with Catiline being seduced by ill counsel having brought him back by force as he was going to Catiline's Army and uttering these words before his death That he did not beget him to join with Catiline against his Countrey but to serve his Countrey against Catiline He might have kept him in till the heat of the War had been over but that would have bin only the act of a cautious this was the deed of a severe Father CHAP. IX Of those that us'd Moderation toward their suspected Children 1. L. Gellius Publicola 2. Q. Hortensius the Oraâ—or 3. One Fulvius 4. A certain Parent BUt to temper this incensed and sharp Severity with a mixture of Clemency let us joyn acts of Pardon to exactness of Punishment 1. L. Gellius a person that had gone through all the Offices of Honour even to the Censorship when he had almost discovered his Son to be guilty of most â—ainous Crimes as lying with his Mother-in-law and plotting with her to take away his Fathers Life did â—ot presently run to revenge himself but after he had consulted almost the whole Senate after he had charged him gave him the liberty to speak for himself and after a strict Examination and Trial he acquitâ—ed him Had he hasted to cruelty out of the motions of Anger he had committed a greater crime than that which he sought to punish 2. Quintus Horâ—ensius who in his time was â—he Ornament of the Roman Eloquence shew'd a singular example of Patience to his Son For when he knew him to be so debauch'd that he could not endure his impiety and for that reason being about to make Messala his Sisters Son his Heir he told the Senate while he was defending him from an accusation of bribing the Peoples voices that if they condemn'd him he should have nothing left but the Kiss of his Nephews Intimating by those words which he inserted in his Oration that he reserv'd his Son rather in the torment of his minde than among his pleasures Yet that he might not invert the order of Nature he left his Estate to his Son and not to his Nephews Moderately using his Affections For that in his life he gave an impartial testimony of his manners and being dead he did him the honour which was due to his blood 3. The same thing did Fulvius a man of great Fame and Dignity For when he had besought the Senate that his Son being suspected of Parricide might be sought for by the Triumvir and apprehended by the Senaâ—es Warrant he not only surceas'd to prosecute him but also left him all his Estate after his decease Constituting the person whom he had begot not the person whose wickedness he had experienc'd for his Heir 4. To these merciful Acts of great men I will adde one new and unusual Example of an unknown Parent Who finding that his Son lay in wait for his life and not believing that any true-born and truely-begotâ—en Child could ever harbour such lewd and wicked thoughts took his Wife one day aside and asked her very seriously whether the Child were supposititious or whether she had conceived him by another But being assured by her Oaths and Asseverations that he had noâ— any reason to be in that manner jealous he at length took his Son with him into a private place deliver'd him a Sword which he had secretly brought along wiâ—h him and bid him cut his throat telling him withal that he needed make use neither of Poyson nor Thieves to compleat his Parricide The immediate thought of which act not by degrees but so suddainly possâ—ss'd the breast of the young man that flinging away his Sword Live Father said he live and if you are so dutiful as to permit such a Son to pray may you excel me in length of days But I beseech you withal let not this my Love seem the more ignoble because it proceeds from penitence O Solitude more sacred than Bloodshed O Woods more free from cruelty than home it self O Sword more kinde than nourishment O more happy benefit of Death offer'd than of Life bestow'd CHAP. X. Of those who have couragiously born the Death of their Children ROMANS 1. M. Horatius Pulvillus Cos. 2. 2. L. Aemilius Paulus 3. Q. Marcius Rex FORREIGNERS 1. Pericles the Athenian 2. Xenophon 3. Anaxagoras HAving made a relation of such Parents as patiently brooked the Injuries of their Children let us speak of such as have born their Death couragiously 1. Horatius Pulvillus being to dedicate a Temple in the Capitol of Iupiter as he was holding the post and ready to pronounce certain solemn words news was brought him that his Son was dead But he neither took his hand off the post nor made the least interruption in the Dedication of the Temple nor altered his countenance from the publick Ceremony to his private Grief lest he might seem rather to have acted the part of a Father than a High-priest Bury the carcass then said he 2. A great Example and no less renowned than the former is that which follows Aemilius Paulus the pattern of a most happy yet a most unfortunate Father of four Sons which he had all hopeful and beautiful youths had translated two into the Cornelian Family by right of Adoption and only reserved two to himself One of which died four daies before
Maximus Verrucossus 8. M. Volasius Saturninus Aedil 9. Sentius Saturninus 10. A certain Father FORRAIGNERS 1. Alexander the Great and an Ass-driver 2. King Darius 's Groom 3. Bias of Priene 4. Anaximenes 5. Demosthenes the Orator 6. A certain Athenian 7. Annibal the son of Gisgo the Carthaginian 8. Annibal the son of Amilcar 9. The Tusculans 10. Tullius Attius Captain of the Volsci THere is another sort of saying and doing declining from Wisdome to the name of Cunning which would not meet with the credit of what is propounded did it not assume the force of Craâ—t and seeks for applause rather in a hidden path than in an open way 1. In the reign of Servius Tullius a certain Landlord in the Sabine Territories had a Cow of an extraordinary bigness and beauty Which certain Authors of the Oracles said was sent into the world by the Immortal Gods to the end that whoever offer'd it to Diana of Aventinum his Countrey should obtain the Empire over the whole World The Master rejoycing to hear such tydings drave the beast with all speed and presented it before the Altar of Diana in Aventinum desirous to give the Honour of Supreme Empire to the Sabines Of which the President of the Temple having notice put it into the Owner's head that before he slew the Sacrifice he should wash himself in the water of the next River who for that reason hastening to Tybur while he was gone the chief Priest offer'd the beast and by a pious theâ—t oâ— the Sacrifice render'd our City the Mistress of so many Cities and Nations 2. For which sharpness of Wit Iunius Brutus is in the first place to be commended For when he found all the Promising Nobility to be cut off by King Tarquinius his Uncle and that his Brother was by him put to death because of the forwardness of his Wit counterfeited himself to be a Fool and by that fallacy conceal'd his own vast parts Going also to the Oracle of Delphos with the Sons of Tarquin whom their Father sent thither with rich Presents and Sacrifices in honour of Pythian Apollo he carri'd Gold as a Present to the Deity hid in a hollow sâ—ick fearing that it was not safe to worship the Celestial Deity with an open Liberality After that the Young-men having performed their Father's commands consulted Apollo which among them all should be the person that should reign in Rome The God made answer That he should obtain the Sovereignty that gave his Mother of the first kiss Then Brutus threw himself so down as if he had fallen by chance and kiss'd the Earth the common Mother of all things Which crafty Kiss given to the Earth gave Liberty to our City and the first place in our Annals to Brutus 3. Scipio also the Elder embrac'd the aid of Craft For as he was to sayl from Sicily into Africa finding it necessary to compleat a Body of Three Hundred Horse out of the stoutest of the Roman Foot though he had not time to exercise them what the streitness of Time denied him he attained by the Sagacity of his Counsel For of all the young Gentlemen which were the noblest and the richest that he carried with him out of Sicily unarm'd he choose out Three Hundred whom he order'd to furnish themselves with gay Weapons and select Horses as if he intended to carry them along with him to the storming of Carthage Who obeying his command â—s well in reference to the speed as in respect of a far distant and dangerous War Scipio told them he would release them from the Expedition upon condition they would deliver up their Weapons and Horses to his Souldiers The Young-men effeminate and fearful greedily accepted the Condition and willingly deliver'd up their preparations to our Souldiers Whereby the Subtilety of the Captain provided that what was out of hand commanded though sâ—vere ar first should be lookt upon as a greater benefit the fear of service being remitted 4. That which follows is also to be related Q. Fabius Lubeo being by the Senate appointed an Arbitrator to settle the Bounds between the Nolans and the Neapolitans when they came to the business admonish'd both apart that laying aside all Covetousness they should rather abate than pretend â—o too much Which when both sides had consented to mov'd thereto by the authority of the person there was some ground left Thereupon the Bounds being seâ— as they had agreed to that which was left he adjudged to the People of Rome But though neither the Nâ—lans nor Neapolitans could in Justice complain Sentence being given by their own consent yet by a new kind of mental reservation it brought a new Tribute to our City The same person being according to Articles to have half the Navy of King Antiochuâ— whom he had overthrown in Battle cut all the Ships in two and so depriv'd him of his whole Navy 5. Now are we to excuse Marcus Antonius who said That he never publish'd any Oration to the end that if any Iudgment of his formerly given should chance to hinder him that he should next defend be might aver that he never spake it Which seem'd a reasonable excuse for a fact hardly allowable For he was still ready not only to make use of his Eloquence but to injure his Modesty to save his Client 6. But Sertorius upon whom Nature had with an equal indulgence bestow'd both strength of Body and sagacity in Counsel being compell'd to be Captain of the Lusitanians by the proscription of Sylla when he could by no means perswade them but that they would fight with the whole Army of the Romans by his crafty Counsel brought them to do as he intended For he place in the sight of all the Lusitanians two Horses one a stouâ— beaâ—t thâ— other weak and infirm After that he caus'd the Tail of the strong Horse to be pull'd hair by hair from him by a weak old man and the Tail of the weak Horse â—o be torâ— all at once from him by a young fellow of an egregious strength His commands were obey'd But while the Young-man toyl'd himself in vain the decrepit old-man did his business Then to let the Barbarous Assembly understand the meaning of his project he added That the Roman Army was like the tail of the Horse which might be easily overcome in parts but that whoever assail'd the body entire should sooner loose than gain the Victory Thus the Barbarous rough-hewn Nation rushing on to their own destruction saw with their Eyes the advantages which their Eaâ—s had refus'd 7. Fabius Maximus whose business it was to overcome by abstaining from fight having in his Camp a Nolan Footman of prodigious strength yet suspected for his Fidelity and a Lucan Horseman of equal stoutness both captivated with the same Curtezan to the end he might not loose the advantage of two such Souldiers dissembled his suspicion to the one and as to the other he somewhat surpassed the bounds of true
that opulent City so frequently venerating his House after his death made it a Chappel to Ceres And while that City flourished a Goddess was worshipped in the remembrance of Man and a Man in the remembrance of a Goddess 2. Gorgias of Leontium so far excelled all persons of that Age in Learning that at all Assemblies he was wont to ask what subject they would hear him dispute upon and for that reason all Greece set him up a Statue of massie Gold in the Temple of Apollo when the rest of his time had only gilded Images 3. The same Nation by consent strove to honour Amphiaraus by reducing the place where he was buried into the form and state of a Temple and ordering Oracles to be there taken Whose Ashes possess the same Honour as the Pythian Den Dodona's Brazen Dove or the Fountain of Hammon 4. Nor was that a vulgar Honour done to Phereâ—iâ—e to whom alone of all women it was permitted to be present at the sight of Wrastling when she brought to the Olympic Games her Son Euclea begot by Olympionices while his Brothers having obtained the same Lawrels sare by her sides LIB IX CHAP. I. Of Luxury and Lust. Roman Examples 1. C. Sergius Orata 2. Clodius the Son of Aesopus the Tragedian 3. Women opposers of the Oppian Law 4. Cn. Domitius and L. Crassus Consuls 5. Q. Metellus Pius 6. C. Scribonius Son of Curius 7. P. Clodius his judgment 8. Gemellus a Tribunician Traveller 9. L. Catiline STRANGERS 1. Hannibal Son of Amilcar 2. Vulsinians 3. Xerxes the Persian King 4. Antiochus the Syrian King 5. Ptolomey King of Egypt 6. The Egyptians 7. The Cyprians LEt Luxury a flattering Crime more easie to accuse than shun be inserted into this Work of ours Not to receive any Honour but that coming to know her self she may be compelled so Penitence Let Lust be joyn'd with her because it arises from the same Principles of Vice Nor let them be separated from reprehension or amendment that are â—yed together by a double errour of the Minde 1. C. Sergius Orata was the first that made hanging 〈◊〉 which cost having but a slight beginning extended it self almost to Seas of Hot-water The same person because he would not have his Palace subject to the power of Neptune invented peculiar Seas to himself and separated sholes of divers sorts of Fish within the large circuits of vast Moles to the end no Tempest whatever should deprive his Table of his desired Dainties He also burden'd the till then desert Banks of the Lake Lucrinus with stately and high Buildings that he might keep his Shell-fish fresh Where while he plunges himself too deep into the publick Water he was hurried to the Judgment Seat by Considius the Publican Where L. Crassus pleading against him said That his friend Considius err'd if he thought that Orata being removed from the Lake would want Oysters for if he could not have them there he would finde them upon the Tiles 2. To this man Aesopus the Tragedian ought rather to have given his Son in Adoption than to have lest him the Heir of his Goods a young man not only for a desperate but a most furious Luxury Of whom it is reported that he gave vast prices for Birds that could sing or talk to have them served up at his Table instead of Fig-peckers and that he used to put Pearls of high value dissolv'd in Vinegar into his drinks as if he had strain'd to throw away a most famous Patrimony like some burthen too heavy for his shoulders Since some in imitation of the Father others of the Son have extended their hands farther For no Vice ends where it begins This it is that fâ—tches out Fish from the various shoares of the Sea and spreads our Kitchins with Oysters For the pleasure of eating and drinking was found out by Art and Cost 3. But the end of the second Puâ—iâ— War and the overcoming of Philip King of Macedon made us with more confidence addict our selves so Luxury At what time the Matrons were so bold as to beset the House of the Bruâ—ii who by the abrogation of the Oppian Law were prepar'd to intercede for that which the women desir'd should be taken away because it did not permit them to wear a coloured Garment nor to have about them above half an Ounce of Gold nor to ride in a Chariot to any place within a Mile from the City unless it were to the Sacrifices and they obtain'd that the Law kept for above twenty years should be abolished For the men of that Age did not foresee whither the obstinate Plots of Women would tend nor how far a boldness that had vanquish'd the Law would tend For could they have look'd into the contrivances of female cunning that brings in something of sumptuous Novelty every day they had stopped the progress of Luxuy at its first entrance 4. But what do I talk any more of Women whom weakness of Minde and the affectation of greater employments denied them incites them to bestow all their time in trimming up themselves wheâ— I finde Men fallen into this dâ—vertisement unknown to the antient Continence And let it appear to their reproach Cneus Domitius upon a quarrel with L. Crassus his Colleague objected to him that he had Hymettian Pillars in his House Whom Crassus immediately ask'd what he valued his own House at When he answer'd Threescore Sesterces And how much think you said the other if I should cut teâ— little shrâ—bs out of it Thirty Sesterces said the other Which thou is the most Luxurious of the two replied Crassus I thâ—t bought ten Pillars for an hundred thousand pieces of Money or thou that valuest the shadow of ten small Trees at thirty Sesterces An expression forgetful of Pyrrhus unmindful of Hannibal and yawning with the abundance of Forreign Luxury because thâ—y had rather bequeath the Daintiness and curiosity which they themselves had bâ—gun to their Posterity than retain the Continence which their Fore-fathers had left them 5. For what meant that Prince of his time Metellus Pius when he suffer'd himself to be received at his first coming with Altars and Frankincense When he behâ—ld the walls of the Rooms spread with Attalican Tapestry as a sight that pleased him When he permitted long Plays at tedious Festivals When he wore his Triumphal Garment at the celebration of great Banquets and contentedly received Crowns let down from open places as it were from Heaven upon his celestial Head And where were these things Not in Greece or Asia where Severity itself might be corrupted with Luxury but in a wild and warlike Province when a formidable Enemy Sertoriâ—s would not let the Roman Armies lie quiet but goar'd them continually with the Lusitanian Darts So much had he forgot the Numidian Camp of his father Whence it appears how swiftly Luxury insinuates it self For he that in his Youth beheld the antient Customes in his old Age introduced new 6. The same
fields He caused a Record to be made of four thousand seven hundred murder'd upon the dire decree of Proscription Nor content to rage against them who had born Armes against him he added also to the number of the proscribed several peaceable Citizens whose names he collected by the Nomenclator He also drew his Sword against the Women not satisfi'd with the slaughter of the men That was also a signe of incredible Insatiety that he caused the Heads of the miserable creatures newly cut off and as yet retaining their Physiognomies and Breath to be brought into his presence that what he could not devour with his â—eeth he might with his eyes How cruelly did he carry himself toward M. Marius the Praetor who being dragg'd in the sight of the people to the Sepulcher of the Lutatian Family he would not put him to deâ—th till he had digg'd out his eyes and broken the several members of that unfortunate persons Methinks I hardly seem to relate Truths And yet because M. Plaetorius fell into a Swoon upon the Execution of Marius he presently slew him A new Punisher of Pitie with whom to behold wickedness with an averse minde was to commit a Crime But sure he spar'd the shades of the Dead No. For digging up the ashes of C. Marius whose Quaestor once he was though afterwards his Enemy he scatter'd them upon the river Anio Behold by what acts he thought to obtain the name of Happy 2. Of which Cruelty however C. Marius mitigates the envy For he out of an eager desire of prosecuting his Enemies wickedly unsheath'd his Anger with an ignoble Severity dismembring the honoured Body of L. Caesar of the Consular and Censor's Dignity and at the Sepulcher of a most abject and seditious person For that mischief was wanting to the miserable Republique That Caesar should fall a Victime to Varius Hardly were his Victories of equal value which when he forgot he became more criminal home than praise-worthy for his Victories abroad The same person when the Head of M. Anthony cut off was brought him betray'd much insolence both of thought and words as he held it in his joyful hands in the midst of a Banquet suffering the Sacred's of the Table to be contaminated with the Blood of a most famous Commonwealths man and Orator More than that he received P. Annius that brought it reaking with the fresh blood into his Bosome 3. Damasippus had no praise and therefore his memory may be the more severely prosecuted by whose commands the Heads of the principal Men of the City were mingled with the heads of the Sacrifices and the headless Body of Carbo Arvina carried about nail'd to the Gallows So that the Pretorship of a most licentious man could do much or the Authority of the Commonwealth nothing 4. Munatius Flaccus a more stiff than approved defender of Pompey's party when he was besieged by Cesar in Spain within the walls of Attegua he exercis'd his savage Cruelty after a most truculent manner For after he had kill'd all the Citizens which he thought well affected to Caesar he threw them headlong from the Walls He also murder'd the Women calling their Husbands first that were in Caesar's Camp to the walls to the end they might behold the slaughter of their Wives Nor did he spare the Children laid upon their Mothers laps suffering the tender Infants to be some dash'd against the stones others to be thrown up and to fall upon the stakes Which things intolerable to be heard were executed by Lusitanians at the command of a Roman by whose assistance Flaccus well fortified withstood the divine Labours of Caesar with a doting obstinacy STRANGERS 1. Let us pass to those for which though there be the same grief yet there is not the same reason for our City to blush The Carthaginians put Attilius Regulus to death after a doleful manner For having cut off his Eye-brows and shut him up in a little wooden case wherein there was nothing but sharp nails they suffer'd him to linger with continual watching and in a long series of pain A kind of Torment not worthy him that suffer'd but becoming the Authors of it The same Cruelty they used toward our Souldiers whom being taken in a Sea-fight they fasten'd under the bottom of their Ships that being crush'd to death by the weight of the Reel they might satiate their barbarous ferity by an unusual kinde of death 2. Their Captain Hannibal whose chiefest Vertue consisted in Cruelty made a Bridge over the River Vergellus with the bodies of the Romans and so led over his Army that the Earth might experiment the wickedness of the Carthaginian Land-forces as the Sea had beheld the barbarity of their Mariners Those whom he had taken prisoners picking out the nearest of Kin that he could he compell'd to fight by pairs till he made them destroy one another Those that were tir'd he lest upon the Road with the lower part of their Feet cut off Deservedly therefore though too slow the punishment were the Senate forced him when a Suppliant to King Prusias to a voluntary Death 3. As truely had they reason to abominate Mithridates who with one Epistle slew fourscore thousand Roman Citizens dispers'd over Asia as Merchantâ— defiling the hospitable Gods of so large a Province with blood unjustly shed though not unrevenged For which intolerable torment at length he compell'd that Vital Spirit to submit that contended with the poyson Thereby attaining those torments which he had made his own friends to suffer at the beck of Gaurus his Eunuch to whom his obedient Lust could deny nothing 4. Numulizinthis Diogiris the King of Thrace's Daughters Cruelty though not so much to be admir'd considering the Barbarity of the Nation yet the horridness will not let it be pass'd in silence who held it not unlawful to cut living men in two in the middle or for Parents to feed upon the bodies of their Children 5. Again Ptolomey Physcon comes upon the stage a little before a most dreadful Example of lastful Madness now of Cruelty For what more horrid than this He caus'd his own Son Menephites whom he had got upon Cleopatra his Sister and Wife a lovely and hopeful Youth to be kill'd in his presence and sent the Head Feet and Hands cut off and put into a Chest cover'd over with the Child's Garment as a Birth-day Gift to the Mother As if altogether ignorant of the mischief he had done and never the more unfortunate for having render'd Cleopatra miserable in the loss of Children common to both and himself odious to all With so blinde a fury doth the height of Cruelty rage when she thinks to strengthen herself by her own acts For when he understood how he was hated by his people he sought a remedy for his fear in wickedness and that he might raign more safely when the people were murder'd he surrounded the Gymnasium full of young people with fire and sword and slew partly by the
Cassius therefore believing him to have been taken by the Enemy and that they were absolute Masters of the field hasten'd to end his life when Brutus's forces were in part safe and Masters of the Enemies Camp But the Courage of Titinius is not to be forgot who stood a while astonish'd at the unexpected sight of his Captain wallowing in his own blood then bursting into tears Though imprudenâ—ly General said he I was the cause of thy death this imprudence shall not go unpunish'd receive me a companion to thy fate and do saying threw himself upon the liveless trunk with his Sword up to the Hilts in his own Body And intermixing blood with blood they lay a double sacrifice the one of Piety the other of Errour 3. But certainly Mistake did a great injury to the family of Lartis Talumnius King of the Veieâ—tâ—s who after he had through a lucky cast at Dice cried to his Play-mate Kill the Guard mistaking the word fell upon the Roman Embassadours and slew them as they were just entring the Room interpreting Play as a Command CHAP. X. Of Revenge In ROMANS 1. Of the Papyrian Tribe of the Tusculans against Polias 2. Of the people of Utica against Fabius Adrianus FORRAIGNERS 1. Thamyâ—is and Berenices Queens 2. Certain Youths of Thessaly THe Stings of Revenge as they are sharp so they are just while they meditate to repay received Injuries Of which a few Examples will serve 1. M. Flavius Tribune of the People reported to the People against the Tusculans that by their advice the Privernates and Veliterni would rebel Who when they came to Rome in a most miserable and supplianâ— manner with their Wives and Children it hapned that all the rest of the Tribes being Mercy the Polian Tribe alone gave judgment that they should be first whipp'd and then put to death and the multitude of Women and Children to be sold for Slaves For which reason the Papyrian Tribe in which the Tusculans being received into the City had a strong Vote never made afterwards any Candidate of the Polian Tribe a Magistrate that no Honour might â—ome to that Tribe which as much as in them lay had endeavoured to deprive them of their Lives and Liberty 2. But this Revenge both the Senate and the consent of all men approved For when Adrianus had sordidly tyrannized over the Roman Citizens at Uâ—ica and was therefore by them burâ—t alive the matter was never question'd in the City nor any complaint made against it FORREIGNERS 1. Famous Examples of Revenge were both Queens Thamyris who having caused the Head of Cyrus to be cut off commanded it to be thrown into a Tub of humane Blood upbraiding him with his insatiable thirst after Blood and revenging upon him the Death of her Son who waâ— slain by him And Berenice who taking heavily the loss of her Son entrapped by the snares of Laodice got arm'd into her Chariot and following the King Life-guard-man that had done the Mischief after she had miss'd him with her Spear she â—elâ—'d him with a Stone and driving her Horses over his Body rid directly through the bands of the adverse party to the house where she thought the body of the slain Child lay 2. It is a hard thing to judge whether a just Revenge or not were the ruine of Iason of Thessaly preparing to make war against the King of Persia. For he gave leave to Taxillus the Master of his Games complaining that he had been abused by certain young men that he should either require thirty Drachma's from them or to give them ten Stripes Which last revenge when he used they that were lash'd kill'd Iason valuing the measure of the punishment by the pain of the Minde and not of the Body Thus by a small provocation of ingenious Shame a great Undertaking was subverted Because that in the opinion of Greece there was as much expected from Iason as from Alexander CHAP. XI Of things naughtily said and wickedly done ROMANS 1. Tullia Servilia 2. C. Fimbria Tribune of the People 3. L. Catiline 4. Magius Chilo 5. C. Toranius 6. Villius Annalis 7. The wife of Vettius Salassus FORREIGNERS 1. Two Spanish Brothers 2. Mithridates the King 3. Sariaster the Son of Tigranes 4. L. Aelius Sejanus NOw because we pursue the good and bad things of humane Life let us go on with what hath been naughtily said and wickedly done 1. But where shall I better begin than from Tullia as being he ancientest in time the wickedest and most monstrous Example of Impiety Who when her Charioteer as she was riding in her Chariot stopp'd his Horses upon her enquiry finding that the dead body of her Father Servius Tullius lay in the way caus'd the Charioteer to drive over it that she might hasten to the embraces of Tarquinius who had slain him By which impious and shameful haste she not only stain'd herself with eternal Infamy but also the very Village it self which was called The wicked Village after that 2. Not so horrible was the Act and Saying of C. Fimbria though consider'd by themselves both very abominable He had order'd it that Scavola should be killed at the Funeral of C. Marius whom after he found to be recovered of his Wound He resolv'd â—o accuse to the People Being then ask'd what he could say truely of him whose conversation was not to 〈◊〉 blamed answered that he would accuse him Fâ—â— not receiving the Dart any further into his Body 3. L. Catiline Cicero saying in the Senate that there was a great fire kindled by him I perceive iâ— said he and if I could not â—uench it with Water I would with Ruine What can we think but that the stings of his Conscience moved him to finish the act of Parricide which he began 4. The Breast of Magius Chilo was deeply troubled with Madness Who with his own hand snatch'd away Marcellus's Life that Caesar had given him For being an old Souldier under Pompey he took it ill that any of Pompey's friends should be preferr'd before him For as he was upon his return from Mitylene to thâ— City he stabb'd him with a Dagger in the Port of Athens An Enemy of Friendship an Intercepter of divine Favour and the Ignominy of publick Faith which had promis'd the Life of so great a person 5. To this Cruelty to which there seems no addition to be made C. Caius â—oranius exceeds in heinousness of Parricide For adhering to the Faction â—f the Triumviri he described to the Centurions the marks the age and lurking places of his proscrib'd Father a famous person and of the Praetorian Order to thâ— end they might finde him out The Old-man moâ—â— concerned for the life and advancement of his Son than for the remainder of his days enquired of the Centurions whether his Son were safe and whether he pleas'd his Generals One of which made answer Being shewed by him said he whom thou so 〈◊〉 lovest we are come to be thy Execâ—tioneâ—s and preseâ—tly
while he bewail'd others to deplore his own condition Happy rather in the multitude of his Riches than in the deep Reflexion of his thoughts For who but meanly prudent would bewail that he was born mortal 2. I will relate others now who having others in suspicion sought to have a more exquisite care of themselves Nor will I begin from the most misserable but one that was accompted the most happy among a few Massinissâ— the King reposing but little faith in Men secur'd himself with a guard of Dogs What meant so large an Empire What so great a number of Children What the Roman Friendship so strictly allied to him If to secure all these he thought nothing more powerful than the barking and biting of Dogs 3. Alexander was more unhappy than this King whose minde on the one side Love on the other Fear tormented For being infinitely enamour'd of his Wife Thebe going to her from a Banquet into her Chamber he caus'd a Barbarian Fugitive to go before him with his Sword drawn Nor did he put himself to bed till he was diligently search'd by those about him A mix'd Punishment through the anger of the Gods that he could neitheâ— command his Lust noâ— his Fear Of Whose Fear the cause and end was the same For Thebe slew Alexander provoked by his Adultery 4. Dionysius Tyrant of Syracuse how long a story might he make of this fear Who prolonged a Tyranny of two and forty years in this manner He removed his Friends and substituted in their places men brought from the most fierce of Nations and stout Servants pick'd out of wealthy Families for his Guard and out of fear of a Barber taught his Daughters to shave into whose hands when they came to ripe Age not daring to commit Iron he order'd his Beard and Hair to be burnt off with the flame of the skins of Walnuts Nor was he a more secure Husband than he was a Father For having married at the same â—ime Aristomache of Syracuse and Cloris of Locris he never lay with either till they were searched And he entrench'd his Bed like a Camp into which he went over a wooden Bridge leaving the outward Chamber-door open to his Guards and carefully locking the inner himself CHAP. XIV Of Similitude of Form ROMANS 1. Cn. Pompey the Great with Vibius and Publicius 2. Cn. Pompey Strabo with Menogenes the Cook 3. P. Scipio Nasica with Serapius 4. P. Lentulus and Qu. Metellus Consuls with Spinther and Pamphilus the Players 5. M. Mâ—ssila and C. Curio with Menoges and Bubulâ—ius Scenics FORREIGNERS 1. Antiochus King of Syria with Artemon 2. Hybras the Orator with a Servant of the Cymaeaus 3. A Sicilian Fisher with a Roman Praetor COncerning the likeness of Countenance and Proportion the more Learned dispute subâ—ily And some are of opinion that it answers to the original and composition of the blood Nor do they draw a mean Argument from other Creatures which are like those that beget them Others deny this to be the Constitution of Nature but an Accidental Chance of Conception And therefore many times the beautiful bring forth deformed the strong produce weak Children But because the Question is doubtful let us produce a few Examples of noted Likeness 1. Vibius of a good Family and Publicius the Freed-man were so like Pompey the Grâ—at that changing their condition they might have been saluted for him and he for them Certainly wherever Vibius or Publicius came all mens eyes were upon them every one remarking the form of a mighty Citizen iâ— persons of mean degree Which kind of Mockery became almost hereditary to him 2. For his Father also was so exceeding like Menâ—genes his Cook that a man fierce in Courage and potent in Arms could not avoid that sordid name upon himself 3. Cornelâ—us Scipio a young man illustrious for his Nobility abounding in many â—amous Sirnames of his Family could not scape the servile Appellation of Serâ—pio being so like a Killer of the Sacrifices who was of that Name Nor could the Probity of his Life nor the Antiquity of his Family any way prevail against the Scandal 4. A most generous Colleagueship was that of Lentulus and Metellus Yet both were look'd upon as Players so like they were to two Histâ—io's upon the Stage For the one got the sirname of Spinthâ—r an Actor of the Second Parts and if the other had not had the sirname of Nepos â—rom his Anceâ—tors he had had the sirname of Pamphilus an Actor of Third Parts whom he so much resembled 5. But M. Messala of Consular Dignity was forced to receive the sirname of Menogenes and Curio abounding in wealth that of Barbuleius the one by reason of the likeness of their Faces the other because of the likeness of their Gate FORREIGNERS 1. These are enough for Domesticks because they are particularly remarkable in reference to the persons and not obscure in relation to common knowlâ—dge There was one Artemon by name and related to the Royal Family who was affirm'd to be very like to King Antiochus Whom Laodice having murder'd her Husband to conceal the fact laid in her Husbands Bed to counterfeit the King as sick And by his Countenance and Voice deceived all people that were admitted to see him and believed that Laodice and her Children were recommended by dying Antiochus to their care 2. Hybreas of Mylasa an Oratour of a smart and copious Eloquence was so like a Servant of the Cymeanâ— that swept the Wrastling-School that all the eyes of Asia took him for his own Brother so like he was in all the Lineaments of Face and Members 3. But he that was â—n Sicily so like the Praetor was of a petulant disposition For the Proconsul saying That he wonder'd how he should come to be so like him when his Father had never been in that Countrey But mine answered the other went frequently to Rome Revenging by that means the injury done to his Mothers Chastity by a Suspition thrown upon the Mother of the Proconsul yet more boldly than become a man that was under the Lash and Axe of Authority CHAP. XV. Of those who by lying have thrust themselves into Families which they never belong'd â—o 1. L. Equitius Firmanus 2. Erophilus the Farrier 3. The false son of Octavia Augustus's Sister 4. The false son of Sertorius 5. Trebellius Calca 6. C. Asinius Dio false FORREIGNERS 1. Rubria of Millain false 2. Ariarathes the false King of Cappadocia THe former was a tolerable piece of Impudence and â—nly dangerous to himself Thaâ— which follows is no way to be endur'd and not only privately but publickly dangerous 1. For that I my not omit Equitiâ— a Monster out of Firmum in Piceni whose manifest lye in counterfeiting himself the Son of T. Gracchus by the turbulent mistake of the Vulgar was defended by the power of the Tribune 2. Herophilus the Farrier by claiming Marius seven times Consul for his Grandfather so set himself-forth that most of the Colonies of the Veterane Souldiers and noble free Towns â—dopted him for their Patâ—on Nay when Caesar having overcome young Pompey in Spain had admitted the people into his Garden he was saluted in the next space between the Pillars by the Multitude And had not Caesar prudently prevented the storm the Commonwealth had suffer'd as much by him as by Equitius But being banished out of Italy by him after he was taken into Heavâ—â— the other return'd into the City and durst aâ—â—â—â—pt to plot the killing of â—he Senate For which reâ—son being by the command of the Fathers put to Death iâ— Prison he had the late reward of a quick intention to do mischief 3. Neither was the Deity of the World Augustus himself ruling the world exempt from this kinde of Imposture There being a certain person that durst to affirm himself born of the womb of his most dear Sister Octaviâ— saying that for the infirmity of his body he was put out to the person that bred him and his Son taken in it his stead Thus at the same time endeavouring to dâ—prive a most sacred Family of the Memory of their â—rue Blood and to contaminate it with the contagion of a Lye But while he soar'd to the utmost degree of boldness he was by Caesar condemn'd to the Gallies 4. There was also one who affirm'd himself to be the Son of Q. Sertorius whose Wife would by no means be compell'd to acknowledge him 5. Tubellius Calâ—s how stedsâ—stly did he justifie himself to be Clodius And while he contended for his Estate was so favourably receiv'd by the Court of Judicature that the tumult oâ— the people would hardly give way for a just and legal Sentence However the Constancy of the judges would not give way either to the Calumnies of the Claimer nor the fury of the People 6. Much more stoutly was that done by him who when L. Sylla rul'd in chief brâ—ke into the house of Asiuius Dio and expell'd his Son out of doors clamouring that it was he that was Dio's Son But when Caesar's Equity had freed the Commonwealth from Sylla's Tyranny a juster Prince steering the helm of Government the Impostor died in Jail FORREIGNERS 1. While the same Prince governed the Rashness of a Woman was punish'd at Milan upon account of the same Imposture For attesting herself to be one Rubria and claiming by that means an Estate that belong'd not to her though she wanted neither favour nor Witnesses yet the invincible Constancy of Caesar disappointed heâ— of her hopes 2. The same person compell'd to just punishment a Barbâ—rian affecting the Kingdom of Cappadocia and affirming himself to be Ariarathes who was certainly known to have been slain by Mark Antony thâ—ugh at the same time he had deluded most of the Cities and People of the East FINIS