Selected quad for the lemma: son_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
son_n	brother_n	father_n	sister_n	23,792	5	10.2345	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A42323	A display of heraldry manifesting a more easie access to the knowledge thereof than hath been hitherto published by any, through the benefit of method : whereunto it is now reduced by the study and industry of John Guillim ...	Guillim, John, 1565-1621.; Barkham, John, 1572?-1642.; Logan, John, 17th cent.	1679 (1679)	Wing G2222; ESTC R12114	200,924	157

sundry other of the Ordinaries are as by these next and other subsequent Examples in their due places shall appear This form of Bearing may put us in mind of the manifold and those inevitable yet profitable afflictions which do attend this Mortal state of ours for so hath God ordained that they should be means to win and bring us to himself therefore must we receive them patiently as the evident tokens of Gods great Love and Mercy As the Preacher admonisheth us saying Whatsoever cometh unto thee receive it patiently and be patient in the change of thine afflictions for as Gold and Silver is tried in the fire even so are men acceptable in the furnace of Adversity Believe in God and he will help thee order thy way aright and trust in him hold fast his fear and grow old therein The parts of a Bend are Such as are deduced from it Bendelet Such as are derived from a Bend do contain Half Less than half That which containeth half the Bend is called a Gartier whereof you have here an Example in this Escocheon Such as do contain less than half the Bend are Cost Riband Both which be exemplified in these next Escocheons Thus much may suffice touching the Bend Dexter and the Subdivision thereof Let us now consider the Bend Sinister and how the same is subdivided A Bend Sinister is an Ordinary consisting of a twofold Line drawn traverse the Escocheon from the Sinister chief corner to the Dexter base point and differeth as we said from the Dexter Bend only in this that it is placed on the opposite part of the Escocheon as in Example The Bend Sinister is subdivided into a Scarp Battoon A Scarp as Leigh noteth is that kind of Ornament much in use with Commanders in the Field which we do usually call a Scarf as may be gathered by the derivation thereof from the French word Escharpe signifying that Ornament which usually is worn by Martial men after the same manner from the left Shoulder overthwart the Body and so under the Arm on the right side as in Example It is not lawful for those that are base born to usurp the Arms of their reputed Fathers unless it be branded with certain Notes or Marks proper to men Illegitimate devised of set purpose to separate and distinguish them from such as proceed from lawful Matrimony Moreover it is often questioned Whether such as be illegitimated by Act of Parliament or whatsoever other means may bear or assume the bearing of the Arms of their reputed Fathers Some are of Opinion they may Others do hold the contrary unless they do ●ear them with the apposition of some of the beforementioned Notes appropriated to the quality of their Illegitimate Generation and Procreation By Legitimate Issue is not to be understood Legitimate only that is to say such as be adopted Children For there is in such but a bare imitation of Nature of such we have no use in this Land of Adoption or Arrogation But of such as are both Natural and Legitimate Natural so termed Quia natur aliter generati Legitimate Ex Legitima parentum conjunctione approbata per Leges Such as are otherwise begotten are Bastards and the Issue of an unlawful Bed Consanguinity is a Bond or Link of Persons descended of the same Stock derived from Carnal Propagation So called Consanguinitas quasi sanguinis unitas viz. the unity or community of Blood To discern priority or nearness in Blood two things must be regarded principally viz. Linea and Gradus The Line is that that gathereth together the Persons containing their Degrees and distinguishing them in their Numbers This is called Collectio Personarum The other viz. Gradus sheweth the state or condition of the distant Persons how near they be or how far distant asunder in themselves from their common Stock or either from other This is called Habitudo distantium personarum Et dicitur Gradus ad similitudinem soalarum graduum sive locorum proclivium quia ita gradimur de proximo ad proximum This beforementioned Line is threefold viz. Ascending Descending Collateral The Ascending Line is from me to my Father Grandfather and so upwards The Descending Line is from me to my Son Nephew his Son downwards The Collateral Line is placed on either side This Line also is twofold viz. Equal Unequal The Equal Collateral is that where equally the Persons differ from their Common Stock as Brothers and Sisters be equally distant from their Father As also Brothers and Sisters Children from their Grandfather The Unequal Collateral is where one precedeth another Such are Brothers and their Brothers and Sisters Children Affinity is after the Laws Personarum proximitas proveniens ex justis nuptiis A nearness of Persons proceeding from lawful Marriage So called Affinitas quasi duorum ad unum finem unitas A union or consolidation of two that be of divers Kindreds by Marriage or other Copulation conjoyned By this Affinity is contracted two manner of ways viz. By Lawful Marriage Unlawful Knowledge The first is thus contracted My Brother and I are Consanguine in the first degree He taketh a Wife her they call personam additam personae per carnis copulam This is the first kind of Affinity contracted by means of my Brother viz. between his Wife and me and the first degree for thus they be the Kindred and Degrees discerned in Affinity viz. by the persons that be in Consanguinity or Blood either nearer or farther off As for Example My Brother is in the first degree to me in Consanguinity his Wife in Affinity My Brothers Son in the second his Nephew in the third his Nephews Son in the fourth They in Consanguinity Their Wives in the same degrees second third or fourth unto me but they in Affinity Note that they attain not in me by their addition that I have attained by Blood in the persons to whom they be added For herein that is to say in Attinency we be distinguished in Consanguinity and Affinity To make it plain My Brother is my Consanguine his Wife my Affine only they retain and participate with me the degree whether it be first second third or fourth that I have with the persons that they be carnally known by the which they alter not Consequently they shall be every person in Consanguinity to my Wife in Affinity to me in what degree in the one in that degree in the other But always in the first kind be they Brother Sister Nephew Neece c. But to return to our Battoon Vpton calleth this Baston or Battoon a Fissure and making mention of the variable forms thereof saith Istae Fissurae tot modis variantur quot modis fiunt bendae These Fissures have as many varieties of forms as the Bends have For there are of them saith he Planae Plain Ingrediatae Ingrailed Invectae Invecked Fusilatae Fusile Gobonatae Gobonated And he saith it is commonly called a Fissure which is a Cut or Rent pro eo quod

so I will proceed to their Compound use Vpton saith that Files are not born for Arms but for differences of Arms Tales lingulae sive labellae saith he non dicuntur proprie signa sed differentiae signorum Nevertheless in practise it falls out otherwise as in this Coat here expressed and others following may be seen For we find that Labels are born both single and manifold without any other manner of Charge so that it is clear that they are born sometimes for Arms and not always for differences of Arms as by the second Escocheon following more plainly appeareth Note That as the Bordures before mentioned so also these Files are oftentimes charged with things as well quick as dead whereof I will give you some few Examples in these next Escocheons The Label of the Heir apparent saith Wyrly is seldom transferred unto the second Brother but when the Inheritance goeth to the Daughters of the eldest Brother In which case it was permitted unto him to bear the File as Heir-male of his Family and as one that remained in expectancy of the Inheritance if the Issue of his Neeces should fail Note that the second Brother might not intrude himself into the absolute Signs of his Family the Inheritance being in his Neeces or Kinswomen Hugh de Hastings being a second Brother and his Posterity did bear a Label for their difference upon the like occasion and for the reasons here mentioned Forasmuch as it hath been anciently questioned and for ought that I could ever see resteth as yet undecided by Bartholus Budaeus and other Judicious persons of their times Whether Files or Labels should be born with even points or odd some holding that they could not be born but odd others maintaining they might be used indifferently as well even as odd In my former Impression I followed the stronger Opinion and in all the precedent Examples have produced patterns of unequal points Nevertheless not so resting satisfied I have sithence endeavoured to examine their use the faithfullest Interpreter of things doubtful to which end I took occasion to peruse certain Miscellanean notes of Seals which I had gathered long ago by which Seales it appeared they had been anciently used to be born as well even as odd whereupon out of my desire to clear all doubts and to make every thing as perspicuous and manifold as I could I resolved to cut such Seals as came to my hands for the better approbation of this my assertion and content of the Reader and withal to set them down according to order of even bearing viz. two four six c. before I would conclude this Chapter of Files As in Example This piece of Evidence resteth amongst the Writings or Deeds of George Thorpe of Wanneswell Esquire and one of his Majesties Gentlemen Pensioners whose residence is in the Parish of Barkley in the County of Gloucester An Example of a File with four points followeth in this next Escocheon This Coat might have been more aptly placed hereafter in the second Section amongst Ordinaries of divers kinds born one upon another but that I desire to place all my Labels of even points together without interruption though I digressed somewhat therein by giving way to necessity albeit with breach of Rule and Order Nonnunquam enim propter excellentiam seu necessitatem receditur à Regulis This form of bearing of Files with four points is also warranted by Rolls of great Antiquity as appeareth by the Coat of Sir Thomas Leybourne that bare Azure six Lionceaux Rampant Or a File of four points Gules which I do here pass over as well for brevity as for impertinency thereof to this place in respect of the Lions the principal charge thereof Note here a strange bearing of a File Will. de C. fil Will. de Curli c. pro Salute Antecess c. terr in Territorio de Langle 20 Henr. 3. Teste Hug. le Poer Vicecom Warwick He●r de Napford Roberto de Clopton milit This Example serveth to confirm my former assertion That Files are not only born for differences but sometimes for the only charge of the Coat-Armour as appeareth by the Coat of Henlington whereof I have given Example elsewhere And herein we may observe a rare form of position thereof in bend Sinister For the shunning of multiplicity of Examples I will give an instance of a Coat-Armour comprehending both sorts of Files viz. even and odd points which for that it is simple and unmixt with any ordinary or common Charge may serve in stead of all As in Example Now if any man will demand of me why I do spend my oyl and travel in things of so small moment To such I answer that so long as I travel to find out the truth I reckon my travel well bestowed though the matter be of never so small importance Suave enim est in minimis etiam vera scire There is yet another form of bearing of Files diverse from these before mentioned which albeit the same be not in use with us but seemeth to be a National Custome peculiar to the Kingdom of France Nevertheless sithence I have undertaken to treat amongst things of the use of blazoning of Coat-Armour I would not willingly omit any form of bearing or other remarkable thing that might make either my self or the Reader more expert in the use of Blazon This form of bearing Files which I will now shew you is not distant some little space from the upper part of the Chief after the most usual fashion but groweth immediately out of the Chief it self In like sort divers other Noble Houses of France viz. of Valois of Berry and of Alencon have Bordures either plain or engrailed or charged with Besants those of Evereux Bastons Or and Argent and they of Bourbon Bastons Gules Here may rise a Question not unworthy our observation viz. Whether like as the eldest Brother is preferred before the second so the Son of the Eldest Brother shall in like sort be preferred or take place before his Uncle And this hath been holden a great and difficult Question a long season until at length Otho the Emperour of Germany being at Trevere with his Barons this matter was there questioned he ordained that the cause should be decided by Combat wherein the Nephew hardly obtained the Victory because it was deemed to have proceeded by the secret Judgment of God it was decreed that from thenceforth the Nephew should be preferred before the Uncle Of this mind are Nich. Boerius Lucas de Penna and Iohn de Montolero that the Nephew should take place The like Question hath risen in France between the Second Daughter and the Son of the Eldest Sister as well in Avignon a City of Narbone in France as in other parts thereof which remained long undetermined At length it was finally adjudged in the Court of Parliament holden at Paris for the Nephews for whom also it was likewise decreed in the City of Avignon If any man

twofold Line Spirewise or Pyramidal the Foundation being in the Dexter and Sinister base points of the Escocheon and the acute Angle of the Spire near to the top of the Escocheon As in Example The Content of the Chevron is the fifth part of the Field according to Leigh but Chassanaeus reckoneth the same amongst those Ordinaries that do occupy the third part of the Field You may have two Chevrons in one Field saith Leigh but not above and if they exceed that number then shall you call them Chevron ways But I suppose they might be termed much better Chevronels that is to say minute or small Chevrons for so is their blazon more certain This Charge following and the Subdivisions thereof are diversly born as well in respect of the divers location as of the variable form thereof for sometimes it is born on chief otherwhiles on base sometimes enarched sometimes reversed sometimes fretted c. as after by Examples appeareth Argent two Cheverons Sable is the Coat-Armour of Sir Ioseph Ash of Twittenham in Middlesex Baronet and of William Ash of Hatchbury in Wiltshire Esquire Gules three Cheverons Or by the Name of Mathews and is born by Lemuel Mathews A. M. Arch-Deacon of Down in the Kingdom of Ireland and by his brother Man Mathews Vicar of Swansey in Glamorganshire Or three Chevrons Gules was the Coat of Robert base Son of Henry the First who was created Earl of Gloucester by his Father and had Issue William Earl of Gloucester which William had three Daughters and Coheirs viz. Isabel who was married to King Iohn Mabel who married to the Earl of Eureux and Amicia married to Richard Earl of Clare and Glocester This Robert built the Castles of Bristol and Cardiff and the Priory of St. Iames in Bristol where he lyeth interr'd This Coat with a due difference is born by Mr. Iohn Wise of the City of London Master Plummer to the Office of his Majesties Ordnance The Subdivisions of this Ordinary are Chevronel Couple-close A Chevronel is a diminutive of a Chevron and signifieth a minute or small Chevron and containeth half the quantity of the Chevron as for Example The next in order to the Chevron is the Barr. A Barr is composed of two Equi-distant Lines drawn overthwart the Escocheon after the manner of the Fess before-mentioned as in this next Escocheon appeareth A Barr is subdivided into a Closet Barulet A Closet is a Charge abstracted from a Barr and consisteth also of two Equi-distant Lines drawn overthwart the Escocheon As in Example Azure two Barrs Or is the Coat-Armour of the ancient Family of the Burdets of Warwickshire Argent two Barrs Sable is born by Edward Brereton of Burras in Deubighshire Esquire Hitherto of a Barr Now of a Gyron A Gyron is an Ordinary consisting of two streight Lines drawn from divers parts of the Escocheon and meeting in an acute Angle in the Fess point of the same A Gyron as one saith is the same that we call in Latin Gremium which signifieth a Lap and is the space between the Thighs and thence perchance do we call the Groyn which name whether it be given to this Charge because it determines in gremio in the very lap or midst of the Escocheon or because it hath a bending like the Thigh and Leg together I cannot define Gyrons are born diversly viz. single by couples of six of eight of ten and of twelve as shall appear hereafter where I shall speak of Arms having no tincture predominating For the making this Ordinary behold this next Escocheon where you shall find one single Gyron alone which doth best express the manner thereof as in Example So much of a Gyron Now of a Canton and Quarter A Canton is an Ordinary framed of two streight Lines the one drawn perpendicularly from the Chief and the other transverse from the side of the Escocheon and meeting therewith in an acute Angle near to the corner of the Escocheon as in this next appeareth Hitherto of a Canton now of a Quarter The Quarter is an Ordinary of like composition with the Canton and holdeth the same places and hath great resemblance thereof insomuch as the same Rules and Observations that do serve for the one may be attributed to the other Quia similium similis est ratio of like things the reason is alike The only difference between them is that the Canton keepeth only a cantle or small portion of the corner of the Escocheon and the Quarter comprehendeth the full fourth part of the Escocheon as in Example Having spoken of the Canton and Quarter as much as for this present is requisite I will reserve some other their adjuncts to a more convenient place And will now speak of a Pile shewing some variable Examples of the divers bearing thereof A Pile is an Ordinary consisting of a twofold Line formed after the manner of a Wedge that is to say broad at the upper end and so lessening by degrees throughout with a comely narrowness and Taper growth meeting together at the lower end in an acute Angle as in this next Escocheon appeareth The Pile I take to be derived from Pilum an ancient Weapon peculiar to the Romans shaped somewhat like a Dart without Feathers but thicker at the great end and waxing smaller Taper-wise being about five foot in length and sharpned at the point with Steel And such were the offensive Arms of the Hastati and Principes as Polybius of the Roman Militia affirmeth And Generals themselves have born them in their Marches perhaps to encourage the Souldiers by their Examples all which is proved by the excellent Lucan lib. 1. who lamenting the misery of a Civil War thus complains Totis concussi viribus orbis In commune nefas infestisque obvia signis Signa pares aquilas Pila minantia Pilis where arm'd to impious war The force of all the quaking world from far Is met dire Standards against Standards dash Eagles 'gainst Eagles 'gainst Piles Piles do clash And Lib. 7. sceleris sed crimine nullo Externum maculent Chalybem stetit omne coactum Circa Pila nef as But no dire crime could stain the Strangers Steel Nought could do mischief but the Roman Pile Lastly describing Cato's magnanimity in his rough March through Lybia he thus singeth Lib. 9. Ipse manu sua Pila gerens c. Thus Englished Himself afoot before his wearied Bands Marches with Pile in hand and not commands This Coat is also born by his Uncle the Right Honourable Denzel Holles Baron Holles of Ifield and one of the Lords of his Majesties most Honourable Privy Council c. whose only Son and Heir apparent is Sir Francis Holles of Winterborn St. Martyn in Dorsetshire Baronet who hath Issue now living Denzel Holles c. Sometimes you shall find this Ordinary born transposed or reversed contrary to the usual form of their bearing viz. with their points upward which naturally ought to be downwards being supposed to be a piece of