naturally beare In the mountain the Lord or Iehovah will be seene And this Proverbe taken up upon these occasions in whether sence or construction you list to take it was more then a Proverbe a true mystery or mysticall prophecy exactly fulfilled in the crucifying of our Saviour The Lord in the Mount did see and was seene by his speciall providence when hee provided the Ramme for a sacrifice instead of Isaac The mountaine whereon Abraham purposed to have offered Isaac as he was commanded by God for a burnt offering was one of the mountaines in the land of Moriah and that as all interpreters agree was about the place wherein Ierusalem was afterwards built most are of opinion that it was that part of mount Sion wherein the Temple was afterwards built wherein the threshing-floore of Arauna stood which David consecrated for the Altar of God But whether it were this mountaine or mount Calvary I will not dispute Mount Calvary likewise was in the land of Moriah and in this mountaine Iehovah did see and was seene he did in this mountain provide himselfe of a Lambe for a burnt offering he himselfe became a Lambe or visible sacrifice for our sinnes by whose blood he himselfe and wee in him were consecrated Priests to God the Father The other circumstances whether concerning Isaac or the Lambe were visibly and remarkably accomplished in the sacrifice of the Sonne of God Isaac did beare wood for the sacrifice up into the mountaine where Abraham intended to sacrifice him The Sonne of God did bear the wood of the Crosse whereon he was sacrificed at least part of it up to mount Calvary The Ramme which God provided instead of Isaac was caught by the hornes in the thicket of brambles or thornes and the Lambe of God the Sonne of God marched to his Crosse with a Crowne of thornes and brambles upon his head as most of the Fathers and best moderne interpreters collect from the Evangelists story For where it is said that they tooke off the purple robe and other royall ensignes wherewith they had in mockery invested him it is not mentioned that they tooke off this Crown of thornes this was the thicket wherein the murtherers caught him For as yee know he was condemned upon pretence that he affected the Crowne of David and suffered himselfe to be entitled and saluted the King of the Iewes and in derision of this great mystery which they understood not they put a Crowne of thornes upon his head and crucify him in it 4 But whilst the Princes of the earth and the Rulers take counsell against him while the heathen-Souldiers and Iewish pepole doe rage and make a mock of him hec that sate in the heavens laught them to scorne what they did act in jest or scorne here on earth he turnes into earnest and ratifies by an everlasting decree in heaven They cloath the Sonne of God with a purple or royall robe and bowing their knees thus they salute him Haile King of the Iewes unwittingly fore-prophecying as Caiphas did as well by matter of fact as by word that God would now annoint the Sonne of David to be that King over Sion to whom all knees should bow of things in heaven of things on the earth of things under the earth They in despite and bitter scoffes wreath a Crown of thornes or brambles about his head and fastened it on with a reede or mock-scepter which they had put into his hand litle considering that hee which sate in the heavens did consecrate him here by this part of his afflictions to the wearing of that everlasting Crowne of glory which David Psal 132. had fore-told should flourish upon him whilst his enemies were cloathed with shame ver 18. And of this Crowne of Glory as well the royall Diadem or Crowne of David wherein his Successors were enthronized as the Crowne of holinesse wherein Aaron and his Successors the high Priests were consecrated were but the shadowes or models and so no question was the Crowne upon the Arke or Mercy-seat And it is a point which I will commend unto the serious reader's observation specially in the reading of the apocalyps or the Revelation that in all or most part of the visions made to S. Iohn the Disciple whom hee loved of Christ in his glory he still appeares and his appearance is still emblazoned by this Disciple in some one or other of the robes which Aaron used at his Consecration Sometimes he appeares with a garment downe to the foot and girt about the paps with a golden girdle Such were the robes and girdle of Aaron the high Priest and to shew that his Saints were consecrated likewise in his Consecration his Saints or Angels appeared thus cloathed unto Iohn Rev. 15. ver 5. 6. And after that I looked and behold the Temple of the Tabernacle of the testimony in heaven was opened and the seven Angels came out of the Temple having the seven plagues cloathed in pure and white linnen and having their brests girded with golden girdleâ— Sometimes he appears with a Crown upon his head 5 His Pallace or Kingdome likewise his walke or verge is emblazoned or set forth by the materiall Temple the ministerie likewise of his glorified Saints and Angels But of this hereafter 6 Those temporary flashes of Royall salutations and greetings which the multitude tendred unto him when hee came into Ierusalem to be consecrated were ratified by an everlasting decree in heaven So 't is said Revel 7. 9. 10. And after this I beheld and loe a great multitude which no man could number of all Nations and kindreds and people and tongues stood before the Throne and before the Lambe cloathed with white robes and palmes in their hands and cried with a loud voice saying Salvation unto our God which sitteh upon the throne and unto the Lambe This was the accomplishment of the multitude's crying Hosanna to the sonne of David with palme branches in their hands and those which thus cryed in heaven are they as the Angell instructs S. Iohn which came out of great tribulation and have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lambe therefore are they before the throne of God and serve him day and night in his Temple and hee that sitteth on the throne shall dwell among them Revel 7. 14. 15. c. This washing of their garments in the blood of the Lambe was likewise prefigured in the Consecration of Aaron Exod. 29. 21. Thou shalt also take of the blood that is on the Altar and of the anointing oile and sprinkle it upon Aaron and upon his garments and upon his sonnes and upon the garments of his sonnes with him and hee shall be hallowed and his garments and his sonnes and his sonnes garments with him This blood wherewith their garments were sprinkled was the blood of the Ramme of the Consecration whose blood likewise Moses as it is in the 20 th verse was commanded to take and put it
in kind alwaies according to the qualitie or specificall nature of his worke or service but for quantity farre beyond all proportion of any gift or service which Abraham could present unto his God though it had beene the sacrifice of himselfe or of his sonne The first remarkable service which God exprest or required of Abraham was to forsake his kindred and his Fathers house Gen. 12. 1. And in lieu of that interest which Abraham renounced in these those being not the ten thousand part of the Country wherein he lived God gives him a just title or interest to the whole land of Canaan and promiseth to make a mighty Nation of his seede to erect more then one or two Kingdomes out of it And yet all this is but the pledge or earnest of a farre better patrimony prefigured by it and bequeathed with it as an inheritance conveyed by delivery of the terrar The spirituall blessing envailed under this great temporall blessing was that God would be a God unto Abraham and to his seede and that they should be unto him a people And to be God's peculiar people was so much greater then to be Lords and Kings over the whole earth as the temporall inheritance which God here promised Abraham that was the whole Kingdome of Canaan was greater then the private temporall patrimony which Abraham for God's service had left in Caldaea or Mesopotamia 4 The next service which God requires of Abraham and his seede that they might become more capable of his promise and that this promise might transire in pactum passe as wee say into a League or Covenant was that Abraham and his seed should circumcise the fore-skin of their flesh and by this ceremony or service they were consecrated to be God's people his peculiar people The reward which God astipulateth or promiseth to this service or ceremony by them performed was that hee would consecrate himselfe by the same ceremony of circumcision to be their God their gracious Protector and Redeemer But Abraham and his sonne Isaac being by this ceremony of Circumcision once consecrated to God's service they might not after they had once received this badge or cogniâ—ance withdraw themselves from any service unto which their Lord God should afterwards call them how harsh and unpleasant soever it might seeme to flesh and blood The next remarkable service whereunto God called Abraham was to offer up his only sonne Isaac whom he loved for a burnt offering And this service AbrahaÌ„ for his part is as willing to undertake to be an Actor in it Isaac as willing to undergoe or be a patient in it as they had been in the former service of Circumcision The reward which God appointed to this second service of Abraham and Isaac was the finall ratification of the former promise or Covenant by solemne oath By my selfe have I sworne that in thy seede shall all the Nations of the earth be blessed The contents of his oath is that God would make his only Sonne such a sacrifice as Abraham was willing to have made his only Sonne Isaac that in him and by him all the Nations of the earth that is all of every Nation that would so rely upon God's promises as Abraham and Isaac did should be made heires with them of the Kingdome which God had promised and that was the Kingdome of everlasting blisse But of this particular the Reader may see more in the eighth Book of these Comments 5 In this sacrifice of the Sonne of God and seede of Abraham the League first solemnized by Circumcision was for the externall rite or manner more exquisitely solemnized than any League ever had been The solemnitie of all other Leagues were eminently contained in it For besides the rites before mentioned in solemnizing Leagues concluded by sacrifice each party had a Priest or vates or else made choice of some indifferent Priest for both Each party likewise had their proper sacrifice or which would give better satisfaction to curiositie they had one common sacrifice in which both parties had equall interest as being provided at their joynt costs and charges or the one brought a Priest and the other a sacrifice Sometimes againe they had one common Temple either built of purpose at their joynt costs as some thinke Ianus Temple in Rome was built by Romulus and Titus Tatius for ratifying the peace betweene the Latines and the Sabines or else made choice of some Temple most indifferently seated for both to meete in All these circumstances were good emblemes of the wished-for peace good emblemes likewise of the equall conditions in such Leagues agreed upon and yet imperfect emblemes scarce good shadowes of the admirable manner how this League of peace betwixt God and man was concluded Wee cannot say that God had one Priest and man another but both had one Priest more indifferent then any two Nations ever could have though his Father had beene of the one Nation and his Mother of the other and himselfe born upon the Sea betwixt them or upon the bounds of their borders The Priest betweene God and man was but one and yet truly God and truly man so truly one that we cannot say the seed of Abraham or son of man did provide the sacrifice and the Sonne of God did offer it but which is more admirable and more indifferent the flesh of this sacrifice was humane or mans flesh as truly and properly as ours is and yet as truly and properly the flesh of God as ours is the flesh of man The blood of the sacrifice likewise was sanguis humanus mans blood as truly and properly as any blood in our veines is and yet as truly and properly the blood of God as our blood is the blood of man It was as hath beene heretofore observed humane blood or mans blood by nature that is of the same substance with our blood and yet the blood of God by personall Vnion or Property by a more peculiar title then the blood in our bodies can be said ours For the Godhead is more nearely united to the manhood of Christ then our soules are to our bodies And by this personall or bodily habitation of the Godhead in his bodie he who was our sacrifice and continues a Priest for confirming this League is also become the Temple His body is become that Tabernacle wherein God promised to meete the children of Israel And unto the glory of the Godhead which was before inaccessible but now dwelling in this Tabernacle wee have dayly accesse through the blood of Christ We may at all times in all places present him in this Tabernacle with the sacrifice of prayer of thankesgiving and of our selves and he from hence as our God and Father indues us with the Spirit of Christ whereby we are made his Sonnes For the blood of Christ as it is sanguis humanus humane blood of the same nature with ours doth symbolize with our nature and as it is the blood
sting or teeth upon the Godhead as he did But whilst he sought to swallow the bait of his flesh hee hath lost his sting hee hath broken his teeth and spoiled his jawes by medling with the Godhead 3 But more plainely by much was our Saviour's Resurrection and victory over death fore-pictured by Isaac's narrowescape from death Gen. 22. 9. The Altar was built on purpose for him the wood was couched and Isaac fast bound upon it the knife was in his Father's hand whose arm was stretched forth to strike him But God by his Angell and a voice from heaven delivers him from this imminent danger as it is v. 11. 12. This only Son of Abraham this child of promise the only hope or pledge of that promised seede which was expected from the beginning was to come thus neere unto death and yet to be delivered from it that the faith of Abraham concerning the Death and Resurrection of Christ the promised seed might be tried or rather that by his triall our Saviour's Death and Resurrection might be truly represented or fore-pictured by Isaac's danger and delivery So saith the Apostle Heb. 11. 17. 18. 19. By faith Abraham when he was tried offered up Isaac and he that had received the promises offered up his only begotten Sonne of whom it was said that in Isaac shall thy seed be called Accounting that God was able to raise him up even from the dead from whence also he received him in a figure to wit of the Reâ—urrection of Christ or the promised seed 4 The later part of this promise belongs meerly and properly unto Christ in whom alone it could be fulfilled For the more in number Abraham's children according to the flesh were before the promised seed did come and the greater their temporall prosperity or happinesse were the worse it must needs goe with other Nations or kindreds of the earth If the Messias or promised seed should have erected such a temporall Kingdome here on earth as the Iewes expected the Nations of the earth could not have beene blessed in him as God promised by Oath to Abraham for it is no part of happinesse but rather misery to have the Iewes or seed of Abraham according to the flesh for their Lords and Masters 5 Notwithstanding the former promise was in part fulfilled in the mighty increase of Abraham's posterity by Sarah this was a pledge of the later part which was to be fulfilled in Christ Through faith saith the Apostle Sarah received strength to conceive seed and was delivered of acâ—ild when shee was past age because shee judged him faithfull who had promised Therefore sprang there even of one and him as good as dead so many as the starres of the â—kie in multitude and as the sand which is by the Sea shore innumerable Heb. 11. v. 11. 12. 6 It was one of the great wonders of the world that from a woman that had been barrentill after fourscore yeares of age there should proceed above six hundred thousand men within lesse theÌ„ four hundred yeares Thâ—miracle notwithstanding had been lesse if her children had been more but she brought forth no more sonnes then Isaac and this mighty Nation did spring from Iacob who was but one branch of Isaac â— Sarah was as good as dead when she conceived Isaac and Isaac himself was at death's doore before he gave life to others So powerfull is God to raise strength out of weaknesse and to make the barren a fruitfull Mother of many children How beit this wonderfull increase of Sarah's or Isaac's posterity was but a shadow a draught or mappe of that great miracle which was to be exhibited in the promised seed More admirable it was that the blessed Virgin should beare a Sonne then that Sarah should conceive More strange and miraculous that Christ being put to death should become the Father of more people then Isaac had beene Yet this wee see hath God performed For since his Resurrection hee hath begotten more sonnes to God throughout the Nations then all the children of Abraham or Isaac according to the flesh 7 This miraculous birth of the Church and this mighty increase of her children the Lord did as it were point out to future ages in the fore-mentioned increase of Sarah's posterity that the world might know the body or substance when it should appeare by the picture which hee had made of it And that Abraham's posteritie according to the flesh might stedfastly believe the spirituall promise by the temporall pledge Of which pledge every one of them was a part 8 To this end and purpose saith God himselfe by his Prophet Esay Chap. 51. v. 12. He or ken to mee yee that follow after righteousnesse yee that seeke the Lord Looke unto the Rock whence yee are hewen and to the hole of the pit whence yee are digged Looke unto Abraham your Father and to Sarah that bare you for I called him alone and blessed him and in creased him 9 It was more remarkably true of us Chrstians whether the poore remnant of the sonnes of Abraham according to the flesh which were converted or of us Gentiles the seed of Iaphet then it was of the Israelites which were borne in Egypt Wee were not the greatest but the least of all people or Nations It was not our owne wit or strength made us so great a Nation as we are But the Lord our God which loved Abraham loved us in Christ and bestowed the blessing of Isaac in fuller measure upon us It was his power his love and wisdome that did thus multiply and increase us The Rock whence we were hewen and the hole of the pit whence we were digged was our Saviour's grave After his death saith the Evangelist S. Luke Chap. 23. v. 52. 53. Ioseph of Ariâ—â—t 〈…〉 t to Pilat and begged the body of Iesus and tooke it downe and wrapped it in linnen and laid it in a Sepulchre that was hewen in stone wherein man never before was laid 10 This Rock was the quarrie out of which the whole Church of God which is now spread farre and wide over the face of the whole earth was digged Our Saviour's Resurrection from the dead was the first opening of it And by vertue of his Resurrection such as were dead in sinnes and trespasses such as without it should have consumed to dust in the grave are become living stones even Pillars in the house of God Abraham's children according to proâ—â—se for out of stones hath God raised up children ante Abraham 11 This Application of the Type is warranted by the Prophet Esay Chap. 53. v. 8. Hee was taken from prison and from judgment and who shall declare his generation What generation did the Prophet meaneâ— The eternall generation of the son of God So indeed some of the ancients have interpreted this place and too many moderne interpreters have herein followed them But this were to runne-counter upon the Text. No print or footstep of the Prophet's progresse in this
him a name which is above every name that at the name of Iesus every knee should bow of things in heaven and things in earth and things under the earth and that every tongue should confesse that Iesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father Philip. 2. verses 9. 10. 11. Let all the house of Israel know assuredly that God hath made that same Iesus whom yee have crucified both Lord and Christ Act. 2. 36. CHAP. 31. Shewing the concludency of the allegations used by the Apostles S. Peter and S. Paul to prove the truth of Christ's Resurrection and in particular of the Testimony Psal 2. Thou art my Son this day have I begotten thee NOt to repeat other Types or propheticall testimonies of Christ's entrance into immortall glory by the sufferings of death of which the Reader may find plenty as well in Postillers as Commentators nor to dilate upon such generall testimonies whether meerly typical or propheticall or typically propheticall as have been heretofore handled in the seventh and eighth Booke of these Comments upon the Creed as that of Psal 82. c. I make no question but those testimonies out of the Psalmes or Prophets which are avouch'd to this purpose by the Apostles themselves specially by S. Peter and S. Paul were expounded by our Saviour himselfe unto the two fore-mentioned Disciples which did accompany him unto Emmaus 2 Now the testimonies most insisted upon by the Apostles as well for convincing the Gentiles as the Iewes are specially three that of Psal the 2. Thou art my Sonne this day have I begotten thee and Psal the 6. Thou wilt not leave my soule in hell nor suffer thine holy one to see corruption the third The Lord hath sworne and will not repent thou art a Priest for ever after the order of Melchisedech or which is much what the same The Lord said unto my Lord sit thou at my right hand untill I make thine enemies thy footstoole The extraordinary successe of all these allegations abundantly testifies that they were most concludent for many thousand soules at two severall times besides others were converted by them The testimony out of Psal 2. is prest home by S. Peter Act. 2. v. 6. to the 37. to the Iewes specially and by S. Paul both upon Iews and Gentiles Act. 13. Though with better successe upon the Gentiles The force and strength of this testimonie and likewise how farre it was meant of David and fulfilled in Christ hath been at large discust before The point at which these present endeavours aime is to declare how these two testimonies 1. Thou art my Sonne this day have I begotten thee and 2. Thou art a Priest after the order of Melchisedech doe concludently and irrefragably inferre the Resurrection of Christ that Iesus whom the Iewes had crucified being both the Sonne of God and sonne of David and his Consecration to his everlasting Priesthood for unto this later point both testimonies are drawne by our Apostle Heb. 5. v. 5. and 6. But how close they reach this point whether jointly or severally is not so cleerly set forth by most interpreters as that the Reader unlesse his understanding farre surpasse mine will easily collect The generall meaning of our Apostle hath been declared in the first Section and in the close of the fourth of this Booke it is punctually thus Seeing Aaron's calling to the dignity of Priesthood was publiquely manifested to be from God no man after might take upon him to erect a new Priesthood no not to the temporall prejudice of Aaron and his successors much lesse to abolish this Priesthood which God had erected unlesse he could manifest to man and Angels that his Commission for thus doing was immediately from God and authentique being sealed by oath and solemnely executed And seeing no man might therefore Christ though God and man did not glorifie himselfe as the Apostle addes to be made an high Priest but he that said unto him Thou art my Sonne this day have I begotten thee did put this dignity upon him Many Interpreters have stretcht their wits to make the literall sense of this Psalmist's words reach home to our Apostle's purpose Others so slight it as if they would give us to understand or cause to suspect our Apostle himselfe did not much stand upon it but only passe by it unto the second testimony Thou art a Priest for ever after the order of Melchisedech Albeit in my opinion the later testimony proves his fiat or Commission the former his ordination or execution of his Commission I will not wrong the judicious Reader 's patience with profering variety of such expositors unto his choise as his wisdome cannot approve Cajetan hath Ribera's approbation and of all the expositors which went before him drawes the Psalmist's Oracle Thou art my Sonne this day have I begotten thee neerest to the point in question So farre I am from carping at any thing which those two expositors have said to the point now in question that I will endeavour to explicate and extend their meaning in the best sort I can The Priesthood saith Cajetan as Ribera expounds him before the Law given was annexed as a prerogative to the first borne and descended from Abraham to Isaac and by speciall dispensation to Iacob Now the whole dignity of the first borne being lost by Ruben was divided amongst three of his Brethren The Soveraignty or Principallity fell to Iudah the Priesthood to Levi and the double Portion to Ephraim And in Aaron the sonne of Levi was the Priesthood established long before the Kingdome was established in David the sonne of Iudah and to the Priesthood so established David's sons had as litle right as Aaron's sonnes had to the Crowne or Diadem God's peremptory decree for thus dividing these two prerogatives Azariah is not afraid to plead unto King Vzziah's face Chron. 2. 26. And his speech did take impression for hee had no sooner made an end of speaking but the leprosie begunne to appeare in King Vzziah's face and for his usurpation of the Priest's office and intrusion into the house of God he is utterly excluded from his pallace and enforced to resigne the government unto his Sonne But inasmuch as he of whom the Psalmist speakes is solemnely registred and by him declared to be the first borne and Sonne of God it is not lawfull only but expedient but very necessary that all the branches of the first borne's prerogative which Ruben had scattered should be reunited in his Person Againe in that he is the promised seed hee is the compleat heire of all the blessings bequeathed to Abraham and out of whatsoever tribe this promised seed was to spring the honour of Priesthood was as due unto him as the Kingdome Levi and Aaron were but as foefes in trust for conveying the Priesthood as Iudah and David were for making over the Kingdome unto him 3 All those suppositions and others perhaps more then Cajetan or Ribera though
of being granted prove only thus much that the only begotten Son of God or first born to Abraham and to David had a just title to the eternall Priesthood They doe not directly prove that Iesus whom the Iewes have crucified to be that Sonne of God and seed of David meant by the Psalmist in the Psalme fore-cited Or this being granted all put together doe not manifest his Consecration or actuall admission to the high Priesthood by whose erection the Priesthood of Aaron was changed which is the conclusion punctually intended by our Apostle 4 For a more satisfactory declaration of the strength of this argument we are to take the words of the Psalmist into a further and more punctuall consideration then hitherto wee had occasion to take them As first of what GENERATION these words ego hodie genuite are principally meant whether meant at all of David or how of him and how of Christ the Sonne of God and Sonne of David 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Many of the Ancients being seconded by more of the Schoolmen and middle ag'd allegorizing Commentators understand this Psalmist's Oracle of that GENERATION of the Sonne of God which is mentioned in the NICEN Creed or that Creed which is to be publiquely read in the second service of our Church Begotten of his Father before all worlds and in these mens construction by the word HODIE is meant HODIE AETERNITATIS the day of eternity or eternal day wherein there is no succession of parts of houres or minutes But this interpretation is dislik'd by Calvin who is alwaies zealous for the literall though sometimes with prejudice to the mysticall or principally intended sense Yet that sense in this place cannot be exprest by HODIE AETERNITATIS or by the eternall Generation of the Sonne of God That it cannot be the literall sense of this Psalmist is apparent because neither the Resurrection of the Son of God nor his Consecration to the everlasting Priesthood can with any colour of probability be inferred or pretended from it much lesse can it be the mysticall or true allegoricall sense of this Oracle for these alwaies must be grounded upon the literall and no Scripture can be said to be fulfil'd according to the mysticall or true allegoricall sense untill it hath been first verified according to the literall sense Now the eternall GENERATION of the Sonne of God cannot follow either his Resurrection from the dead or his Consecration to his everlasting Priesthood nor could ever any Periphrasis or notation of it be either fulfil'd or verified in time seeing it is before all times 5 May we say then with good Commentators as with Calvin for one that these words this day have I begotten thee have no manner of reference to the Son of God's Generation before all worlds Certaine it is that this Generation is no part of the object no part of the immediate subject whether according to the literall or mysticall sense of the Psalmist's words whether we consider them written or intended by him or as avouched by S. Paul and other Apostles for the further confirmation of Christ's Resurrection from the dead All that can be said on their parts whom Calvin censures is this that the eternall GENERATION of the Son of God might be taken as a common notion or presuppos'd truth both by the Psalmist when he writ and by the Apostle when hee avouched these words ego hodie genuite That the Word or Sonne of God was from Eternity this was a common prenotion to all the Ancient learned or faithfull Hebrewes And that he who was the only begotten Sonne of God before all worlds should be begotten by him from the dead that is prov'd at large by S. Paul Act. 13. And that the raising of that Iesus the Sonne of David whom the Iewes had crucified from the dead unto immortall endlesse life was an authentique declaration that this Sonne of David was likewise the Sonne of God their expected Lord and Messias is most sweetly deduced by our Apostle Rom. â— v. 1. 2. 3. 4. Paul a Servant of Iesus Christ called to be an Apostle separated unto the Gospel of God Which hee had promised before by the Prophets in the holy Scriptures concerning his Son Iesus Christ our Lord which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh And declared to be the Son of God with power according to the Spirit of holinesse by the Resurrection from the dead This passage rightly infers that Christ was the Son of God the uncreated Word by whomall things were created before hee was made the Son of David â—â—â— he was made so only according to the flesh or humane nature but this eternity of his uncreated Person or essence was no part of our Apostles divine discourse or most concludent argument Act â—3 Men and Brethren children of the stock of Abraham and whosoeuer among you feareth God to you is the word of this salvation sent For they that dwell at Jerusalem and their Rulers because they know â—â—â— not nor yet the voiceâ— of the Prophets which are â—â—â—â— every Sabbath day they have fulfilled them in condemning him And though they found no cause of death in him yet desired they Pilat that he should be â—â—â—ine And when they had fulfilled all that is written of him they tooke him downe from the tree and laid him in a Sepulchre But God raised him from the dead and he was seene many daies of them which came up with him from Galileo â—â— Ierusalem who are his witnesses â—â—to the people And we declare unto you glad tidings how that the promise which was made unto the Fathers God hath fulfilled the same unto us their children in that he hath raised up Iesus againe as it is also written in the second Psalme Thou are my Sonne this day have I begotten theâ— And as concerning that he raised him up from the dead now no more to returne to corruption he said on this wise I will give you the sure mercies of David from v. 26. to 34. For the clearer fuller explication of this passage we are to enquire what manner of testimonies or predictions in which the Apostle instances were as whether propheticall only or typically propheticall 6 To begin with the former Ego hodie genui te this day have I begotten thee that with submission of my opinion to better judgments is a prediction typically propheticall which kind of prediction as hath been observed before is the most concludent and this one of the highest ranke in that kind that is an Oracle truly meant of David according to the literall sense and yet fulfil'd of Christ the Son of God by his Resurrection from the dead both according to the most exquisite literall and the mysticall or principally intended sense David without all question was the composer of the second Psalme and the joyfull occasions or extraordinary matter of exultation which raised his spirit to that high and majesticke straine of divine
for seeing the first-lings of the heards though offered in sacrifice unto the Lord could not sanctify the use of their flocks unto them but the use of every dumbe creature was to be sanctified unto them by a sacrifice of one of the same kind As the use of their Lambes or Sheepe was to be hallowed by the sacrifice of a firstling-male Lambe and so the goates by the firstling-male kid and their oxen and cattell by the sacrifice of the firstling calves or bullocks who could in reason expect that the sacrifice of a Lambe of a Kid of a Bullock or any other dumbe creature should be a sufficient price for the Redemption of their first borne males or able to sanctifie or consecrate both male and female in their severall families unto the Lord Hee that sanctifies and they that are sanctified are all of one saith the Apostle Men were to be redeemed and sanctified by man and if the first borne male in every family had been sacrificed for the rest this would have made no satisfaction no sanctification seeing the first born was by nature as uncleane as the rest and every dumbe creature which was by Law uncleane and could not be sacrificed was to be redeemed by the sacrifice of a firstling-male which was by its kind cleane as the asse because it was by its kind unclean was to be redeemed that is the use of it was to be sanctified or made lawfull unto its owner by the sacrifice of a firstling Lambe 2 But who amongst all the first borne of women was in his kind or by nature cleane Not one besides the Sonne of the blessed Virgin who was likewise the only Son of God It is hee alone that was to redeeme and sanctifie the rest of mankind which were all by nature uncleane And with reference to the former Law our Apostle instiles him primogenitus omnis creatura the first borne of every creature Coloss 1. 15. Now though it be most true that Christ was before all things that all things were created by him whether visible or invisible that all things consist by him as hee is the only Son of God begotten of his Father before all Worlds yet this is not the true and full meaning of that most sacred maxime Est primogenitus omnis creature he is the first borne of every creature One part of the Apostle's meaning in that admirable passage 1. Coloss 13. to the 20. is that unlesse Christ had been the Son of God from eternity all fulnesse could not have dwelled in him nor could he have had preheminence in all things which the Apostle there mentions Another part of the Apostle's meaning there is that in the same Christ as man it pleased God that all fulnesse should dwell and that as man he should in all things have the preheminence and in as much as all fulnesse dwelleth in him as man and that in all respect he hath preheminence he is likewise as man the first-borne of every creature that is all the prerogatives which the first-borne males had before the after-borne or females are contained in his prerogative and fulnesse as man Now as the first-born males amongst the offsprings of dumbe creatures did sanctifie all the rest of the same kind So Christ as man doth sanctifie all things make all things acceptable unto God which are capable of sanctification or acceptance As man likewise hee had all the prerogatives of the first-borne in the families of the Patriarchs which were especially two The Priesthood and the principalitie or civill dominion over their brethren and posteritie For Christ as man is made both King and Priest and albeit Abraham Isaac and the Patriarchs and Melchisedech who blessed Abraham were both Kings and Priests over their families and children yet these prerogatives they had by a solemne right derived from him which was to come who was to be a Priest after the order of Melchisedech Againe in respect of the character of the first borne male or of that which gave it the prerogative of the after-borne he hath the preheminence for he opened the wombe or matrix in such a manner as no creature had done or shall doe after him for he was made true man and truly borne of a woman yet not begotten by any man And albeit Melchisedech Abraham and David were dead long before he was conceived by the holy Ghost long before he was born or made man of a woman though he be truly enstiled the seed of Abraham and the Sonne of David which for this reason were of necessity to be before him Yet this precedency was a precedency only of time a precedency in respect of this mortall and miserable life In respect of that better life he hath the precedency even of time for he is the Father of the World to come and as our Apostle hath it 1. Coloss 18. He is the first borne or first begotten from the dead that in all things hee might have the prehemi nence 3 Christ by his divine Power had raised the widowes sonne of Naim and his freind Lazarus the one some two yeares the other but a few dayes before from death to life but neither of them nor any before them which had been so raised could be truly said to be begotten from the dead but rather begotten to die againe for to be borne and begotten from the dead includes an everlasting freedome from the power or approach of death as it is in the hymne for the morning prayer upon Easter day Christrising againe from the dead now dyeth not death from henceforth hath no power upon him According to this notion or importance of primogenitus ex mortuis of being the first borne or first begotten from the dead Christ hath the prehe minence every way hee was the first in order of time and was raised from death to an endlesse life Hee was the only prime in respect of power or causalitie whosoever thus hath been or shall be raised or begotten from death to an immortall life is thus raised and begotten by vertue of Christ's Resurrection Albeit the soules of Abraham of Moses and David c. were before this time seated in blisse Yet were not their bodies so much as capable of dowry oâ— joynture with them in the state of blisse before such time as the Sonne of God was thus begotten from the dead yea might the soules of those and other righteous men have looked upon their bodies oâ— reliques in the dust they would have loathed their company and abhorred cohabiration with them as being things polluted and uncleane 4 How cleane or well winnowed soever the corne were before it was sowne yet the offspring of it after it dyed in the ground was uncleane The use of greene eares was not lawfull unto this people untill the first fruits were offered up unto the Lord. In like manner albeit Abraham Moses and David were justified whil'st they lived in the flesh even sanctified persons through beliefe in Christ which
compâ—â—aâ— high Priest after the O 〈…〉 of Melâ—â—iâ—â— dâ—câ— Pag. 18. 5. That the Soâ—ne of God by his Consecration being â—ncâ— accomplished become the Authorâ— and Fountain of everlasting â—aâ—vâ—tion to all such and only such as obey him In what sâ—nce he is said to have dyed for 〈…〉 â—â—â—â— be 〈…〉 of all mankind Pag. 23. SECTION 2. OF the calling of designement of the Sonne of God to be an high Priest after the order of Melchisedech of the differences and agreements in some particulars betweene the Priesthood of Aâ—on and the Priesthood of Melchisedech CHAP. 6. Of the signification or importance of the word calling used by our Apostle Heb. 5. with the generall Heads or Points to be handled and discust in this 2. 3. 4. Sections Pag. 29. 7. In what sense Melchisedech is said to be without Father and Mother Heb. 7. 3. Whether he were a mortall man aâ— Abraham was though more auncient wherein the similitude betweene Melchisedech's person and the person of the Sonne of God doth specially consist Pag. 32. 8. That the omission of Melchisedech's â—â—â—â—â—logy did import a speciall mystery and what that mystery was pag. 40. 9 What manner of blessing it was which Melchisedech â—â—stowed on Abraham That the manner of the blessing argues Melchisedech to have beene Sem the great as the Iewish Rabbins enstile him the eldest sonne of Noah not by birth yet by prerogative of the first borne pag. 44. 10. Wherein the priesthood of Melchisedech did differ from the priesthood of Aaron That Melchisedech did not offer any sacrifice of bread and wine unto God when he blessed Abraham pag. 50. 11. In respect of what points especially the priesthood of Melchisedech did fore-picture the priesthood of the Sonne of God pag. 56. SECTION 3. OF the calling or destination of the Seede of Abraham and Sonne of David by solemne oath to the everlasting Priesthood CHAP. 12. The chiefe or main principle whereon our Apostle grounds his Treatise or discourse to the Hebrewes Containing a Paraphrase upon the most part of the sixt Chapter to the Hebrewes pag. 67. 13 The use of oaths and their observance is from the Law of Nature Of the manner of taking solemne oathes amongst the Ancients of severall Nations pag. 74. 14. Of Oaths promissory specially for Confirmation of leagues and of the fearefull judgements that usually fall upon them who wittingly and willingly violate them pag. 80. 15. In what cases solemne oaths were or are to be taken and administred pag. 90. 16. Gods oath to Abraham was an oath for Confirmation of the league betwixt them Of the severall manner of leagues pag. 96. 17. The League betweene God and Abraham did eminently containe the most accurate solemnities that were used betwixt Prince and Prince or Nation and Nation pag. 104. 18. What the Interposition of God's oath for more a bundant Confirmation of his promise to Abraham did import over and above all that which was included in the literall or assertive sense of the League betwixt God and Abraham pag. 113. 19. Of the two things wherein our Apostle saith it was impossible for God to lye pag. 122. 20. The former Importance of Gods Oath to Abraham and the contents of it specified in the two immediately precedent Chapters morefully confirmed by the â—enour of Gods oath to David and to his seed described at large by the Author of the 98 Psalm most concludently by the Apostle Heb. 7. pag. 127. SECTION 4. BY what Persons and in what manner the Consecration of Iesus Christ the Sonne of God to his Priesthood was prefigured CHAP. 21. That Iesus or Iehoshua the son of Nun Zerubbabel the sonne of Shealtiel and Iesus the sonne of Iehosadeck were speciall Tipes of Iesus Christ the Sonne of God respectively as he was to be made and now is both King and Priest pag. 145. 22. Of the harmony betweene the Prophet Ieremy and the Prophet Zachary concerning the man whose name is the Branch How his growth or springing up was prefigured by Zerubbabel the sonne of David His name and title as our high Priest fore-pictured by the name and title of Iesus the sonne of Iosedech That he was as truly the Sonne of God before all time as the sonne of David in time pag. 154. 23. The objection of the Iewes against the interpretation of the former Prophecy Ierem. 23. answered In what sense Iudah is truly said to be saved and Israel to dwell in safety by Iesus the Sonne of God and sonne of David pag. 163. 24. That our high Priest the Sonne of God did not only accomplish that which was fore-shadowed by the name and title and office of Iesus the Sonne of Iosedeck but withall the legall rites or solemnities none of which he did destroy or dissolve as he did the works of the Divell but change or advance them into better solemnities to be observed by us Christians That his solemne accomplishment of the feast of Attonement at the feast of the Passover was prefigured in the Law and fore-signified by Gods speciall command pag. 167. 25. In what respects the Consecration of Aaron and of his sonnes did especially prefigure the Consecration of the Sonne of God and in what respect's they specially differ That the Consecration of Aaron did in diverse respects serve as a foile to set forth the excellency of the Consecration of the Sonne of God pag. 182. 26. In what respects the Bullock offered at the Consecration of Aaron c. and the rites of offering it did prefigure the bloody sacrifice of the Sonne of God especially the circumstances of the place wherein it was offered pag. 190. 27. In what respects the Ramme of the Consecration and the Ramme which God did provide for a burnt offering instead of Isaack did prefigure the sacrifice of the Sonne of God Of other speciall rites wherein Aaron at his Consecration and in the function of his Priest-hood did prefigure the Consecration and Priesthood of the Sonne of God pag. 196. 28. A briefe recapitulation of what hath beene said in this parallel betweene the Consecration of Aaron and the Consecration of the Sonne of God the conclusion of the whole Treatise concerning it pag. 208. SECTION 5. OF the Resurrection of the Sonne of God By what Prophets it was fore-told By what persons or legall Rites it was fore-pictured or foreshadowed CHAP. 29. In what high esteeme S. Paul did hold the Article of of our Saviours Resurrection and Ascension c. That the want of explicite beliefe to this grand Article of the Resurrection did argue rather a dulnesse or slownesse to believe the Scrip tures then any infidelity or incredulity even in such as had seene his miracles and had heard him fore-tell his death and rising againe untill the event did manifest unto them the truth of his former Doctrine and predictions pag. 214. 30. That the Death and Resurrection of the Sonne of God was enigmatically fore-told in the first promise made to our Father Adam and
the function and Priesthood of the most high God CHAP. 7. In what sense Melchisedech is said to be without Father Mother Heb. 7. 3. Whether he were a mortall man a◠Abraham was though more 〈…〉 where in the similitude betweene Melchisedech's Person and the Person of the Sonne of God doth specially consist THis later opinion is broched and 〈…〉 ptorily maintained by a late learned and smartly elegant writer who though hee he as I conceive as yet no Divine or Priest by profession yet hee takes upon him to censure the most Divines or Interpreters of sacred Writ whether ancient or moderne more sharply then I dare censure him From whom notwithstanding I dissent as freely and as I hope upon better grounds then he doth from them specially if the grounds of his exceptions against thē be not better then the grounds of the opinions which he takes upon him to refute The main ground of his exception against such Divines ancient or moderne as think that Melchisedech who blessed Abraham was either some petty King amongst the Cananites or other Inhabitants of the land promised to Abraham and actually possessed by his feede or Sem the Sonne of Noah is this no Inhabitant of Canaan not Sem himselfe the Sonne of Noah was without father or mother without genealogie without beginning or end of dayes These titles this good writer conceives are peculiar to the Sonne of God though more peculiar in the time of Abraham then at this day But was our high Priest or could he have been at that time the true Sonne of God and the God whose Sonne he was not as truly then his Father as now he is Againe if that Melchisedech who apreared to Abraham at least in the likenesse of man and in the realitie of an high Priest were no other person beside the Sonne of God it will concludently follow that the Sonne of God was then an high Priest after the order of Melchisedech or more then so that Melchisedech was the Sonne of God How then saith our Apostle that the Sonne of God was made an high Priest by the word of the oath which was since the Law and by vertue of this oath consecrated for evermore being as the Author of this opinion supposeth the Priest of the most high God long before the Law was given or if Melchisedech was then the true and only Son of God how is it said by our Apostle Ch. 7. v. 3. that he was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 made like unto the Son of God Was the Sonne of God made like unto himselfe by taking the likenesse of man upon him Or rather was the manhood or likenesse in which he appeared to Abraham made like unto the Sonne of God The former part or division of this dilemma is improbable The later altogether impossible For that man or that likenesse of man who blessed Abraham Gen. 14. had a beginning and an end of dayes unlesse the Author of this opinion will maintaine that the manhood or likenesse of man wherein the Sonne of God appeared to Abraham was coeternall to his person was begotten of God not made before all Worlds and to continue united to him world without end Both parts of this assertion respectively contradict two fundamentall Articles of our Creede The one that all things numerable whether visible or invisible were created of God by his Sonne they had no being from eternity The other that the Sonne of God was made man of a woman in time having no permanent body or likenesse of man when he was so conceived whence it is cleare that the Meichisedech who blessed Abraham was not the eternall Sonne of God nor made like unto him for his eternitie by the body of man which he assumed or appeared in 5 But it is not all one to refell other mens opinions or interpretations of Divine oracles and to maintaine our owne assertions or as the present occasion requireth to clear the forecited place Heb. 7. He to wit Melchisedech was made like unto the Sonne of God being without father without mother without genealogie without beginning or end of dayes For there is an opinion or presumed Doctrine which hath gotten so long possession of many publique Chaires as will hardly brooke any opposition either from the Pulpit or from private writers The opinion is that Melchisedech being without father without mother c. was herein like unto the Sonne of God or the Sonne of God like to him in that he hath no Father in earth nor a mother in heaven But be the Authors of this opinion how great soever their followers how many soever both most acute all the strength which the wit of one can adde unto the authoritie of the other is but as if they should joyne hands or forces to take fast hold on the sheath or scabbard having given the hilts of the sword of the spirit into the hands of the Iew who may at his pleasure turne the points of our own weapons upon us unlesse we learne to keepe them more warily and handle them more skilfully then these men have done For he that hath a Father in Heaven may truly and absolutely be said to have a Father For God is more truly our Father then those whom we call Fathers on earth Hence saith our Saviour Call no man father opon earth for there is but one your Father which in Heaven Math. 23. 9. Yet is this God more truly Christ's Father then he is ours Againe he that hath a true Mother on earth may truly and absolutely be said to have a Mother otherwise all of us should be mother lesse children from our birth For none of us had an heavenly Mother none of our Mothers were brought to bed in Heaven 6 It being then granted that our Saviour had a true Father in Heaven and a true Mother on earth he must needs in both respects be more unlike unto Melchisedech who as our Apostle faith was without father or mother then like unto him in that he had no Mother in Heaven no father on earth Whence if wee should maintaine this similitude intended by our Apostle to consist either in whole or part in Christ's being in this sort without father or mother the Iew might thus retort argumento ad homines efficaci That we Christians were a brood of monsters and not the naturall offspring of men and women because none of us have a man for his mother none of us a woman for his father Besides one of the two Propositions whereon they labour to build our faith by this crosse device is no sound pillar but a broken or crased prop. For if Christ be truly stiled the Sonne of Abraham the Sonne of David he had fathers on earth according to the flesh though not begotten by a carnall generation nor was he the Sonne of Mary by carnall conception yet truly her Sonne and shee truly his Mother and by consequence Abraham as truly his Father Againe to be without father without
accomplished and no mention of any evening in the seaventh day which God did sanctify for a day of rest wee may with the Ancients safely admit the first sixe daies to be as a Map or Calender of the sixe ages of this transitory world wherein there is a continuall vicissitude of light and darknesse no joy or pleasure without sorrow and griefe for their Successors and companions and the Mosaicall description of the seventh to be an embleme or shadow of the everlasting Sabbath in the heavens which shall be a day of joy and gladnesse without mixture of darknesse or succession of night without any medly of paines or griefe 2 By perfect analogy to this and the like not more mysticall then orthodoxall interpretation of Scripture not merely authoriz'd by the Greeke or Latine Fathers but presuppos'd by our Apostle as unquestionable among the ancient Iewes we may inferre our intended conclusion What was that That the omission of every mans Genealogie whose name or deeds are specified in the sacred Story is alwayes a signe or token of some latent mystery No but rather thus Seeing no King or Priest of Abraham's lineage were he good or bad seeing no Patriarch from whom God's blessings did lineally descend but hath a Genealogie upon sacred record the omission of so great a mans Genealogie as was Melchisedech who was a King and Priest of the most high God a Priest which solemnely and really blessed him in whose seed all the Nations of the earth were to be blessed unto whom Abraham paid Tithes of all that he had The omission of such a mans genealogie doubtlesie includes some great and weighty mystery And if wee stand not as in many like cases we ought not upon the logicall inference which the assertive letter affords but follow the emblematicall or characteristicall sense of the story we may behold this man to be as the Apostle speakes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is one transformed or turned out of his proper shape or likenesse that hee might be like the Sonne of God The absimilation of this man whosoever he were from himselfe that he might be liâ—e the Son of God consists especially in the abandoning or putting off all references to father or mother to wife or children For these references in man necessarily represent a beginning and end of dayes and by consequency a dissimilitude to the person of the Son of God who is eternall and to his endlesse Priesthood 3 It was the speech of one man but is universally true of all Mortalis mortalem genui and it is as necessarily and essentially true of God Immortalis immortalem gignit For seeing God is more essentially and more immutably immortall more truly eternall then we are mortal Then he which is as truly the Sonne of God as we are the Sonnes of men or Adam must needs be as absolutely eternall as the Deitie or divine nature or as God the Father himselfe Otherwise the generation should be equivocall and imperfect not univocall as contrary to nature it selfe and as prodigious as for a mortall man to beget an immortall Sonne as for a woman to conceive a God And if there were no other places of Scripture as God be praised there are plenty to inferre the absolute eternitie or eternall generation of the Sonne of God against the Arrian or other heretique the very foundation of our Apostles similitude between Melchisedech and Christ in the Chapter following doth clearly represent thus much to all that look not on it with Iewish spectacles To conclude then as the greatnesse and height of Melchisedech's calling serves as a map to represent the high Majestie of the everlasting Priesthood So the omission of his genealogie is an embleme or shadow of the infinite duration or eternitie of the Sonne of God Howbeit if we should take off this borrowed shape or wipe out the artificiall colours wherewith it hath pleased the spirit to set forth this lively picture of Christ yet the very table it selfe whereon the picture is drawne is more apt then any other tree in all the garden of God besides to be made an heavenly Mercurie The fitnesse of it for this purpose will more easily be apprehended if we suppose what the ancient Iewes whose traditions where they are no parties are in no wise to be rejected take as granted viz. That hee whom Moses in the fourteenth of Genesis calls Melchisedech was Shem the great the sonne of Noah This Shem was a man begotten of his father before the world that then was our high Priest our heavenly Mercurie is the Sonne of God begotten of his Father before all worlds before any period or instant of imaginary time even from eternitie it selfe CHAP. 9. What manner of blessing it was which Melchisedech bestowed on Abraham That the manner of the blessing argues Melchisedech to have beene Sem the great as the Iewish Rabbins enstile him the eldest sonne of Noah not by birth yet by prerogative of the first borne IDare not obtrude this tradition of the ancient Iewes as a point of our beliefe yet the matter of it is as probable as any Doctrine whatsoever that is grounded only upon the analogy of faith not upon expresse testimonies of Scripture or conclusions deduced from such testimonies by demonstrative consequences The allegations for this opinion were they exactly calculated or put together amount so high as no assertion contained within the spheare of probability can overtop them The exceptions of Pererius and Maldonate against them are too weake albeit they touch not halfe so many as are diligently and accurately gathered by Dr Willet unto whose labours I referre such as desire further satisfaction in this point neither absolutely necessary nor altogether needlesse One or two reasons not alleaged by him come now to be discussed The first what manner of blessing it was which Melchisedech bestowed on Abraham Heb. 7. The second how the matter and manner of this blessing proves this Melchisedech to be Sem. 2 But what kind of blessing did our Apostle meane Verball only or by way of salutation So the people may blesse their Priests the worst of men their godliest Prelates and wretched'st beggers greatest Kings of such kind of blessing the maxime undoubtedly affirmed by our Apostle cannot be true Of what blessing then is it most undoubtedly true Of reall and solemne blessings authentiquely imparted ex officio as when a Bishop confirmeth children or by way of bequest as when the father bestowes an heritage with his blessing upon the Son As Abraham blessed Isaac Isaac Iacob Iacob Iuda and his Bretheren 3 Whom then may we imagine this man should be which in this sort blesled Abraham who was a man than whom there was none greater amongst the Sonnes of men none in his time Melchisedech only excepted so great in the Church of God No analogie either of sacred rule or of tenets joyntly maintained by the English and Romish Church concerning the never interrupted Succession of the true
Church or the ministers in it will suffer us to think this Melchisedech should be a Canaanite For although we ought perhaps to be as farre from denying as from affirming that God had many chosen vessels amongst the sonnes of Cham yet is it no way probable or to be affirmed that hee had any visible Church amongst them at that time whereof wee speake much lesse any such orthodoxall authentique high Priest as was ex officio to blesse him with whom the everlasting Covenant was to be established within whose family and posterity the true and visible Church was to be confined almost two thousand yeares after Nor doe we in saying thus tie the Almightie as some haply will accuse us to use no meanes but ordinary in bestowing his extraordinary blessings But this we say that where the manner of his calling is most extraordinary and miraculous it is his pleasure to use the ordinary meanes of lawfull ministers for the ratification or declaring of his calling at least for the admissiō of the parties called unto the emoluments or prerogatives of their calling Paul was plucked away from the Synagogue as a sappie branch from a dying tree by the immediate and strong hand of God but to be ingrafted or inoculated into the true Church which is the body of Christ by means ordinary and ministeriall by the hands of Ananias a civill and visible member of Christs mysticall body 4 In like manner we doe not deny that the manner of Gods calling Abraham out of Haran and the matter of the blessings then promised to him to have been both extraordinary in which blessing notwithstanding hee is to be installed by Melchisedech appointed as Gods Deputie or Vicegerent so the hebrew Cohen properly signifieth to ratifie or seale the former promises unto him The manner of the conveyance is formall and legall such as God ordinarily useth in like cases And by probable consequence this Melchisedech whosoever he were was a true principall member of the visible Church which at that time was no where on earth but in Sem his posteritie Of those Sonnes of Sem which are mentioned in Abraham's genealogy most were dead others for ought we read or by analogy can gather from what we have read no way so fitly qualified for this service as Sem himselfe who was then alive For Sem had beene solemnly blessed by his father And although hee be represented unto us in the fourth of Genesis under another name and shape then he receiv'd the blessing in yet the holy spirit seemes to point him speaking in his owne native language and solemnly bestowing that blessing upon Abraham his sonne which his father Noah had bestowed on him Blessed be the Lord God of Shem and let Canaan be his servant Gen. 4. The implication or importance is as if hee had said Shem shall have cause to blesse the Lord his God for making him Lord of Canaan This blessing or bequest wee know was to beare date aswell in Shem's posteritie as in himselfe but principally in his posteritie Now wee no where read of any conveyance or bequest of this blessing made by Shem unto his Successors besides that solemne blessing which Melchisedech whom for this reason we suppose to have been Shem bestowed on Abraham The tenor of his bequest or conveyance is more expresse Gen. 14. 19. Blessed be Abrahā of God most high possessor of Heaven and earth This propheticall benediction implyes that Abraham and his posterity should have cause to blesse the Lord their God for giving them possession of that earth or land which was the type or pledge of their heavenly inheritance and possessions This was the gaine of godlinesse that merces valde magna to have the promise of this life and of that which is to come And as the land of promise or Kingdome of Canaan once possessed was a true pledge or earnest of their title to the heavenly kingdome so Abraham at the very time when Melchisedech blessed him received the pledges of his posterities hopes unto that temporall kingdome 5 For albeit we utterly deny all sacrifice of bread and wine yet may wee not in opposition to the Papist affirme or maintaine that Melchisedech entertained Abraham and his followers only with a vulgar or common refection These elements of bread and wine being confidered with the solemnitie of the blessing have besides the literall sense a symbolicall or mysticall importance and are thus farre at least sacramentall that they served for earnests to secure Abraham that his posterity should quietly enjoy and eate the good things of that pleasant land wherein he was now a Sojourner Briefly Abraham in that sacred banquet which the King of Salem exhibited unto him did as we say take levery de seisin of the promised land as it is probable in that very place which God had destinated for the Metropolis of the kingdome or at least in that place where Iohn did baptize And albeit Melchisedech did no doubt derive the blessing bestowed on Shem or on himselfe by Noah in more expresse termes unto Abraham by inspiration extraordinary and divine yet Abraham at this time had afforded him a fit text or theame to make these extemporary expositions or declarations upon Of all that had proceeded out of the loines of Shem none as yet had ever given the like proofe of his likely hood to become Lord of Canaan as Abraham now had done whom God had enabled to right the King of Sodome and other Cananitish Kings not being able to right themselves against forreigne usurpers 6 For any man of ordinary understanding that had been an Actor in the late warre so happily managed by Abraham and a by-stander at Melchisedech's blessing of him to have conjectured to this purpose had been as easy and as warrantable as it was for the Israelites to divine that Moses should be their Deliverer by the manner of his killing the Aegyptian which had contended with an Israelite Now the holy Spirit seemes to taxe their dulnesse for not apprehending this mystery from the manner of Moses fact Thus we may derive Gods blessings upon mankind since the flood from Noah to Shem from Shem whom we take to be Melchisedech unto Abraham in whose seede all the Nations of the earth were to be blessed This argues Abraham's promised seede to be greater then Melchisedech for Abraham was blessed by Melchisedech not in Melchisedech's name but in the name of the most high God whose Priest hee was Howbeit this promised seed of Abraham was not greater then Melchisedech in externall beauty or prerogative royall till after his Resurrection or second birth During the time of his humiliation hee was rather destinated then consecrated to be the Author or fountaine of blessednesse unto us For as the Apostle argues Heb. 5. 8. Though hee were the Sonne yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered And being consecrated to wit by his sufferings became the Author of eternall salvation unto all them
that obey him And is called of God from the time of his Resurrestion or exaltation an high Priest after the order of Melchisedech CHAP. 10. Wherein the Priesthood of Melchisedech did differ from the Priesthood of Aaron That Melchisedech did not offer any sacrifice of bread and wine unto God when he blessed Abraham THe office of Aaron and of his Sonnes wee have described Deuteron 10. 8. At that time the Lord separated the Tribe of Levi to beare the Arke of the Covenant of the Lord to stand before the Lord to minister unto him and to blesse in his name unto this day And againe Deut. 18. 3. This shall be the Priests duty c. For the Lord thy God hath chosen him out of all thy Tribes to stand and minister in the name of the Lord him and his Sonnes for ever ver 5. Could Melchisedech's office be greater or his patent ampler especially for duration For sacrifice prayer and blessing are the trinall dimensions of the Priesthood howsoever taken This difficultie perhaps did occasion a foule error in the Romish Church or encourage her followers to maintaine this error brought forth it may be upon other occasions to wit that the office of Melchisedech should properly consist herein especially differ from the Priesthood of AaroÌ„ For that when he met Abraham he offered up bread wine by way of proper sacrifice unto God as a type or pledge of the unbloody sacrifice of the masse unto which the Romanists for the most part restraine the exercise of Christ's Priesthood after the order of Melchisedech 2 To omit their chymicall conceits who labour in vaine to extract some act of sacrificing out of the originall word hotsi Maldonate the most zealous and laborious pleader in this argument because Calvin had held the monkish allegorizars to the literall and gramaticall sense of Scriptures holds it no sin to put a trick of Grammar so they would admit it upon Calvin's followers upon the very text it self For whereas the Romish Interpreters who went before him admit the vulgar edition Et erat Sacerdos Dei altissimi This Critick to despite Calvin will correct Magnificat and renders it thus Et erat sacrificans Deo altissimo His reason for this innovation is because the hebrew Cohen is for it's form a participle of the present tense but surely he was better read in his Gramar then in his Lexicon although better read in that then in the Hebrew Text for although the Hebbrew Cohen be usually taken for a Priest yet to sacrifice is no part of the proper formal signification of the radicall verb Cahan That directly imports no more then ministravit or Sacerdotem egit Whence though it be most true that every Sacrificer is a CoheÌ„ is a Priest or Minister of God yet is not this truth simply convertible that is Every Cohen Priest or Minister of God is a Sacrificer specially if we speak of times before the Law was given or since it expired much lesse will it follow that every act or function which the Minister of God performs should be a sacrifice So that albeit we should give the Criticall Iesuit leave to degrade the Hebrew Cohen and turne it out of a noun in which form and habit it was taken by all his Predecessors into the nature and value of a Participle the Grammaticall sense will amount to no more then this Et erat Ministrans or Sacerdotio fungens Deo altissimo and all this Melchisedech might doe and this he verily did in blessing Abraham not in bringing forth or offering bread and wine The letter of the Text runnes thus And Melchisedech King of Salem brought forth bread and wine and hee was a Priest of the most high God Suppose a man should here interrupt the Reader or relater of this History thus What if hee were a Priest of the most high God To what purpose is this clause inserted The holy Ghost in the next words clears the doubt or rather prevents the Question And he blessed Abraham In what forme or sort Blessed be Abraham of the most high God! So then Melchisedech is instiled a Priest of the most high God to shew his warrant to blesse in the name of the most high God And for this interpretation I have the warrant or confirmation from Cyril of Alexandria 3 As for his bread and wine hee offered these to Abraham and not to God as Philo Iudaeus a competent witnesse in this Controversie hath informed us For this good Author opposeth Melchisedech's hospitalitie towards Abraham unto Amalech's niggardly and uncharitable disposition towards Israel comming out of the house of affliction Amalech saith hee was excluded from the congregation of the Lord because hee met not Israel with bread and water whereas Melchisedech had met our father Abraham laden with the spoâ—â—es of his enemies with bread and wine He hath not in my opinion erred much in taking the symboles or elements of bread and wine for emblemes of that true pabulum animae which consists in contemplation of heavenly things And yet I am perswaded hee had no expresse knowledge of the true object of such contemplation to wit the body and blood of Christ or of the benefit conveyed to us from them since they were offered in sacrifice unto God by the elements of bread and wine not as mere signes but as undoubted pledges of his body and blood to be communicated to us 4 And although Suidas in his second Paragraph on the word Melchisedech will have our Saviours Priesthood after the order of Melchisedech to take beginning from the night before his passion wherein he tooke bread and wine and blessed them yet in his third Paragraph upon the same word he saith 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Melchisedech brought forth bread and wine unto Abraham But let us suppose what the Text will not support that Melchisedech did offer up a sacrifice of bread and wine to the most high God thus much being granted wee may draw that net which the Romanist sets for others upon himselfe for our next interrogatory should be this Of what sacrifice may we by any analogie of faith imagine this supposed sacrifice of Melchisedech to be the type of the dayly reiterated sacrifice of the masse or of the one only sacrifice of the Sonne of God Surely if Melchisedech be a true type of the everlasting Priest his sacrifice must be a type of this Priest's everlasting sacrifice Now as we read not though Maldonate's reading of the former pâ—â—â—e were true that Melchisedech did offer any sacrifice besides this supposed sacrifice of bread and wine so wee must undoubtedly beleeve that the Sonne of God did offer no more sacrifices then one and that one never to be reiterated because the value of it being truly infinite the efficacy of it must needs be absolutely everlasting If otherwise wee should with the Romanists admit of a sacrifice by succession or multiplication as everlasting as this transitory
world which shall not last for ever Besides the inconveniences which they multiply by this vaine apology for their wicked practices we must of necessity acknowledge Melchisedech to have beene a type of figure not of Christ or not of Christ only or not so properly of him as of the whole generation of Masse Priests and his sacrifice to have beene a truer type of the unbloody sacrifice which they dayly offer then of Christ's bloody everlasting sacrifice upon the Crosse Yea the meanest most illiterate and lewdest masse Priest should be as true a Successor of Melchisedech of Christ himselfe as Phineas or Eleazar were of Aaron 5 Mariana in his briefe comment or large notes upon the 14 th of Genesis boldly avoucheth the unbloody sacrifice of the Masse to have beene prefigured by Melchisedech's sacrifice of bread and wine But the point it selfe he toucheth so gently as if hee had desired to have balked it as indeed he doth but wave it and questionlesse hee would have omitted it as hee doth many other tenets maintained by the Church of Rome when he comes to interpret those Scriptures whereon ancient Schoolmen or vulgar Commentators have laboured to ground them But unto the fore-cited history of Melchisedech because it is held such a principall fort of the Romish ReligioÌ„ he durst not but doe his wonted homage intimating withall that hee had somewhat more to say to this point when hee should come to interpret the Epistle to the Hebrewes But albeit he lived to finish his intended worke or learned Scholia upon the Bible yet when hee came to the seaventh Chapter to the Hebrewes all he had to say was to referre us to what hee had said upon the fourteenth of Genesis And to this reference he addes such a caveat or an appendix as if he would give us to understand that hee had said more upon the fourteenth of Genesis then hee could tell how to make good out of S. Paul's parallel between Melchisedech our Saviour Christ Miror in hoc Capite inter tot similitudines quibus Melchisedech Christum representat nihil dixisse de sacrificio Panis Vini quod Melchisedech obtulit ut diximus Gen. 14. 18. Symbolum nostri sacrificii Eucharistiae de qua malo alios audire quam ipse pronuntiare indicasse sit satis Mariana in 20 septimi Cap. ad Hebraeos 6 The youngest this day living whether in the English or Romish Church though he dye for very age shall not live to read or heare any Iesuit or other Advocate of the Romish Church give any satisfactory answer to this briefe demand The answer on our part is very easy because the Question on their part is foolish Our answer is that the Apostle was not to medle with more comparisons betweene Christ and Melchisedech then were true in themselves and intended by the holy Ghost of which number this fiction of the Romish Church concerning Melchisedech's sacrifice of bread and wine is no part or appurtinance neither doth the letter of the Text or any circumstance of the history unpartiall Antiquitie or any orthodoxall rule of interpretation favour it CHAP. II. In respect of what points especially the Priesthood of Melchisedech did fore-picture the Priesthood of the Sonne of God BVt if the Priesthood of Melchisedech did not herein specially differ from the Priesthood of Aaron in that Melchisedech did offer an unbloody sacrifice whereas the offerings of Aaron were for the most part bloody sacrifices what other difference can we with probabilitie conceive betwixt them or wherein did Melchisedech's sacerdotall function more excellently fore-picture our Saviours Priesthood then the Priesthood of Aaron did For as Aaron and his Successors did offer bloody sacrifices aswell dayly as anniversary so the Sonne of God did offer up himselfe in bloody sacrifice upon the Crosse and by this offering up of himselfe once for all did accomplish whatsoever was fore-pictured by all manner of bloody sacrifices which Aaron and his posterity were authorized to of fer To this Quare the answer hath been premised and it was this That when the Sonne of God did offer up himselfe upon the Crosse he was neither a Priest after the order of Aaron nor of Melchisedech but a Priest in fieri or in his Consecration fore shadowed by Melchisedech And after the Consecration was accomplished hee was not to offer any sacrifice at all either bloody or unbloody Though we dare not say Melchisedech did never offer any bloody or other sacrifice yet wee doe not read of any which he offered This part of his function if at any time he ever exercised it is omitted of purpose by the holy Ghost as his genealogie is that by this representation of him hee might more exactly foreshadow the Priesthood of the Sonne of God who after his Consecration was not to offer any sacrifice at all All the similitudes intended by the Apostle betweene Melchisedech and our high Priest consist especially in these three First in the identitie of their titles In the greatnesse of their persons and in the authoritative manner of bestowing their blessings For the identitie or analogie of their titles is a point which hath beene discussed before Some scruple is cast by an Author before mentioned that this title of King of Salem should be as nominall a title as Melchisedech or King of righteousnesse was But if this conjecture were trne our Apostle had instiled him when he interprets the importance of his titles not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as he did the former title Melchisedech King of righteousnesse or the righteous King Heb. 7. 1. Melchisedech was his praenomen or a name given unto him by such as had beene sensible of his righteous dealing with his subjects or neighbourhoods But when the Apostle saith he was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 this denotes the place or territory where of he was not by name only but by just inheritance King 2 For the greatnesse of his person or place in those times that we must learne from our Apostle Heb. 7. 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Now consider how great this man or this Priest was unto whom even the Patriarch Abraham gave the tenth of the spoiles And verily they that are of the sonnes of Levi who receive the office of the Priesthood have a commandement to take â—â—â—â—s of the people according to the Law that is of their Bretheren though they came out of the loines of Abraham But hee whose descent is not counted from them for he lived and died some centuries of yeares before them received tithes of Abraham and blessed him that had the promises and without contradiction the lesse is blessed of the better And here men that die receive tithes but there he receiveth them of whom it is witnessed That he liveth as I may so say Levi also who received tithes payed tithes in Abraham or was tithed in Abraham for he was yet in the loines of his
father when Melchisedech met him 3 About the manner how Levi was tithed in Abraham some Questions have been made by the Schoolmen or if haply made by others not so handsomely or happily resolved by them For they draw this point How Levi should be tithed in Abraham unto Physicall or Philosophicall disputes whereas our Apostle argues the case betweene the Priesthood of Aaron and of Melchisedech with such men as were too much addicted unto the Leviticall and Mosaicall law appealing not to the rules of that Law but to the rules of the Civill Morall Law or Law of Nations The extract of our Apostles meaning if I mistake not is this That if Levi Moses or Aaron had beene in full possession of their inheritance unto tithes from their Bretheren at that time when Melchisedech met Abraham Or if Melchisedech had lived in Canaan unto their dayes they ought to have done as their father Abraham did that is to have solemnely acknowledg'd this Melchisedeth to have beene their better by paying the tribute of tithes unto him Our Apostle takes it as unquestionable that Melchisedech was Abraham's better and being either better or a greater man then Abraham was then certainely a greater or better man then Moses or Aaron were then any Sonne of Abraham besides the promised Seed or Messias whom the Iewish Nation expected had beene And of this promised Seed alone Melchisedech for the greatnesse of his person was the only type 4 For albeit Abraham were a Prophet and did exercise the function of a Priest within his owne family or for some others upon speciall occasions albeit some of Abraham's seede were both Kings and Prophets others both Priests and Prophets yet none of them were both Kings and Priests none of them anointed to these two functions Melchisedech though perhaps never solemnely anointed to either function was the only man which was by divine providence or heavenly calling both a true King a Priest of the most high God By both these titles the tithes of all the spoils which Abraha had got by conquest were due nor are any other tithes prediall or personall due to any this day save only to the King or supreme Majestie or to Bishops and Priests within the regions wherein they accrue And for this reason as I coniecture the Danish Nation after they had embraced the Gospell and were become of a heathenish a Christian Commomweale or Kingdome did allot the tithes of their labors or increase of vegetables or profitable living creatures unto their King and to their Bishops excluding then the great Bishop of Rome For when he demanded his portion in them he was rejected by that sharpe and witty answer of Woldmarus Wee have our Kingdome from our subjects our life from our parents our religion from the Church of Rome which if your holinesse redemand we remit it by these presents Whether his meaning was that hee would abandon Christian Religion simply or the Religion of the then Romish Church only rather then forgoe his portion of rithes allotted to him as King I leave it with all Submission to the Searcher of all our hearts and Iudge of all our actions I have no warrant or just presumption out of any history to accuse this King either of Atheisme or irreligion 5 But Melchisedech was both King and Priest a more Soveraigne King then Woldmarus was and a greater high Priest then the Bishop of Rome or any other that have lived on earth besides the Son of God himselfe whose picture of shadoww he was That this Sonne of God or Seede of Abraham which hee assumed should be much greater then Melchisedech King of Salem is implyed in the manner of God's promised blessing unto Abraham being compared with the manner of Melchisedech's blessing Abraham For Abraham was blessed by Melchisedech not in Melchisedech's name but in the name of the most high God whose Priest hee was for he was blessed by him not in him whereas in Abraham's seede all the Nations of the earth Melchisedech as well as Abraham were to be blessed Howbeit this promised seede of Abraham was no greater then Melchisedech in externall beautie or prerogative royall till after his Resurrection or second birth During the time of his humiliation He was rather destinated then consecrated to be the Author or fountaine of blessednesse unto us For as the Apostle argues Heb. 5. 8. Though hee were the Sonne yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered And being consecrated to wit by his sufferings became the Author of eternall salvation unto all that obey him And is called of God from the time of his Resurrection or exalation an high Priest after the order of Melchisedech For from this time and not before his royall Priesthood did commence So he saith to his Disciples immediately after his Resurrection All power is given to mee in heaven and earth power to blesse with the blessings of this life and of the life to come And being now after his Consecration to be enthroniz'd in his Kingdome royall Priesthood he lift up his hands and blessed his Disciples And it came to passe that as he blessed them be departed from them and was carried up into heaven Lu. 24. 50. 51. Yet being there in body he continues with his Church here on earth by continuatiō of his blessings unto the worlds end That this part of his Priestly functiō to wit his Authoritative or Authentique blessing doth follow his Resurrection our Apostle intimates Acts 3. 26. Yee are the children of the Prophets and of the Covenant which God hath made unto our father saying to Abraham Even in thy seede shall all the Nations of the earth be blessed First unto you hath God raised up his Sonne Iesus and him he hath sent to blesse you in turning every one of you from your iniquities And againe Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the Law being made a curse for us that the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles Galat. 3. 14. So that the Iewes were the first but not the only parties interessed in the blesing wherewith God by Melchisedech blessed Abraham For in asmuch as that blessing was the same blessing though further spread and better branched wherewith God by Noah blessed Sem we Gentiles the Sonnes of Iapheth were heires of it in reversion For though Shem be the first Iaphet was in the scond place blessed with his Brother Shem. Gen. 9. 27. God perswade Iaphet that hee may dwell in the tents of Shem and let Canaan be his servant So that Melchisedech doth prefigure Christs Priesthood by his Authority to blesse in Gods name Blessing as it was applyed unto Melchisedech is but a shadow or surface only Abraham indeed was blessed by him but in the name of the most high God But blessing as appliable to Christ is a solid and hath its trinall dimension Wee are blessed for him we are blessed through him wee are blessed by him And which is the
full issue or product of all three dimensions we shall be everlastingly blessed in him For the first we may not so much as beg any blessing or good thing at God's hand but for his sake Hence it is that all our prayers are conceived in this forme either expressely or implicitely propter merita Iesu Christi Secondly of those blessings which it pleaseth God to grant for his sake wee may not entreat no not expect their conveyance should be made unto us by any other person or meanes then by him and the vertue of his sufferings And for this reason it is that we usually conclude our prayers Per Iesum Christum Dominum nostrum through Iesus Christ our Lord not propter Iesum Christum That is alway expressed or implyed in the body or beginning of the prayer It was the intention of the Ancients to instruct us by those two usuall clauses of our solemn prayers that whatsoever we aske for Christ's sake wee cannot otherwise obtaine then through him And though the Father be the first granter yet the Sonne immediately bestowes all blessings upon us as the places of Scripture late alleaged testify God's blessings descend to us only by him that they may draw us unto him in whom only we are blessed For that everlasting happinesse of the life to come formally consists in our union with him and cannot be manifested or imparted to us but by the participation of his blessed presence 6 Will yee have a more particular map in what manner the blessing of Abraham descends upon us by this our high Priest Then call to mind in what termes Melchisedech blessed Abraham They were these Blessed be Abraham of the most high God Possessor of heaven and earth Melchisedech if the same be Shem had by vertue of his Father Noah's blessings a manifest right unto the land of Canaan and had some part of it in possession and this right and title hee be queaths to Abraham The chiefe matter of his blessing is that Abrahams posteritie should be Kings and Priests in that land And albeit he were a Priest of the most high God yet his Kingdome was of this world and in this world though a type of the heavenly Kingdome But our Saviour's Kingdome was not of this world for since his Resurrection he hath taken possession of heaven as he is man but in the right and title of the eternall Sonne of God God the Father made all things by God the Sonne whom hee hath made Heire of all things as man which were made by him as God not as an heire in his nonage but as joynt Lord with his Father at whose right hand he is placed so that as man he hath more full and more immediate authoritie to dispose of heaven than Melchisedech had to dispose of Canaan for hee bestowed that upon Abraham by way of prayer as became a Priest of the most high God But this our high Priest who is also the most high God shall dispose of heaven to his servants by royall sentence and authoritie as King Then shall the King say unto them that sit on his right hand Venite benedicti patris mei possidete vobis paratum regnum à constitutione mundi Come ye blessed of my Father possesse yee the Kingdome prepared for you from the foundations of the world This is the accomplishment of that blessing which Melchisedech bestowed upon Abraham and the second part of his benediction must be the everlasting song of such as are blessed in Abraham's seed Blessed be the most high God who hath delivered our enemies into our hands who hath enabled us to overcome the world the Divell and the flesh And though Christ our high Priest were the Sonne of David and of Abraham as man according to the flesh yet as man hee is the first begotten from the dead and Father of the world to come Melchisedech himselfe in respect of the everlasting blessing is his Sonne and must have his portion in it at the last day For if all Nations if every one of any Nation that is truly blessed be blessed in Abraham's seed Melchisedech himselfe must be blessed in him not only by him And therefore hee is that most high God Possessor of heaven and earth in whose name Melchisedech blessed Abraham 7 But to return to our Apostles next passage He. 7. 11. c. If therefore perfection were by the Leviticall Priesthood for under it the people received the Law what further need was there that another Priest should arise after the order of Melchisedech and not be called after the order of Aaron For the Priesthood being changed there is made of necessitie a change also of the Law The full discussion of this twelfth verse because it containes matter of Controversie amongst us Christians and betweene severall profest members of reformed Churches as whether Christ were a Law giver or wherein the Law which hee gave did differ from or excell the Law of Moses whether Leviticall or Morall must be referred to another Treatise The Law saith our Apostle made no thing perfect but the bringing in of a better hope did So our later English reads the Text yet proffers to us another reading in the margine which in mine opinion is more consonant to our Apostle's meaning to wit That the Law was an introduction of a better hope by which we draw neare to God And this drawing neare to God is that perfection which the Law could not effect But the principall point whereon our Apostle pitcheth forevincing the priesthood of Christ to be farre more excellent then the Leviticall Priesthood was was reserved to the last place and pathetically though briefly avouched v. 20. And in asmuch as not without an oath for those Priests to wit after the order of Aaron were made without an oath but this to wit Christ with an oath by him that said unto him The Lord sware and will not repent thou art a Priest for ever after the order of Melchisedech By so much was Iesus made the surety of a better Covenant And they truly were many Priests because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death But this man because hee continueth for ever hath an unchangeable Priesthood Wherefore hee is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him seeing hee ever liveth to make intercession for them And againe v. 28. For the Law maketh men high Priests which have infirmities but the word of the oath which was since the Law maketh the Sonne who is consecrated for evermore These two last passages require a fuller discussion of a Point often touched upon in some printed Treatises and diverse Sermons A point much neglected by many good Divines and carped at by others through their ignorance in true antiquitie videlicet What the interposition of God's speciall oath doth import more then his largest promises without an oath SECT 3. Of the calling or destination of the Seede of Abraham and Sonne of
David by solemne oath to the everlasting Priesthood CHAP. 12. The chiefe or maine principle whereon our Apostle grounds his Treatise or discourse to the Hebrews Containing a Paraphrase upon the most part of the sixt Chapter to the Hebr â—â— SEeing every rationall writer that writes to any good end or purpose hath alwaies some one or more principles on which his discourse doth revolve or settle as a sphear or body orbicular doth upoÌ„ it's Axis or Centre the advise which Cardanus some-where gives to every one who would take upon him to comment upon any good Author is very usefull And his advise is this First to seeke out the maine principles be they few or more whereon the Author doth especially rely or ground his discourse or project There is a rule given long agoe by a better Author for interpreting sacred writ no way dissonant unto this advise of his Finis dicendorum optima ratio dictorum the end or scope at which sacred writers in their disputes especially doe aime is the true 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or standard by which their particular sentences or discourses must be measured the only right way for finding out the true and literall meaning of what they say The non observance or want of taking these rules into consideration hath been the speciall occasion why S. Paul's Epistle to the Romans hath been of all other portions of Scriptures the worst interpreted by most that have undertaken to comment upon it But of the main principle or scope of that Epistle I have elsewhere written and shall as God shall give opportunitie write or speake a great deale more 2. The principall end or scope of S. Paul or whosoever were the Author of this divine Epistle to the Hebrewes was to prove that Christ Iesus whom the Iewes did crucify was designed or destinated by God to be a Priest not after the order of Aaron but of Melchisedech and declared to be so design'd by God's oath to Abraham which was the first oath that God did vouchsafe to make that is extant upon any sacred record though the contents of this first oath were more fully exprest in his oath unto David The tenor or impotance of both oaths especially of that unto David are not any where mentioned or prest upon the Iewes in any part of the New Testament besides in this Epistle but in this Epistle very frequently first in the place before cited Heb. 5. 10 Hee was called of God an high Priest after the order of Melchisedech But the pressing of it further upon these Hebrewes our Apostle for the present forbeares for their dulnesse of hearing v. 1. But though they were for the present unfit Auditors of such an high mystery yet were they not such perpetually The true reason why our Apostle saith the things he had to say of Melchisedech were hard to be uttered or conceived by these hearers standing thus affected was not as a late writer before mentioned conjectures because this Melchisedech who met Abraham was the Sonne of God then appearing in the liknesse of man For this was a point easy to be uttered and easy to be conceived if it had been any part of our Apostles meaning But of what he had to say and hath spoken at large in the 7 Chapter of this Epistle these his Scholars were not capable at least he saw would not be attentive to his lesson untill he had given them a sharpe though moderate correction which he doth from the 12. v of the 5. Chapter unto the 9. v. of the 6. Ready they were as is evident from our Apostles admonition to revolt from the Christian faith unto Iudaisme and to fall into that irremissible sin which hee there describes Now to recall men prone to vice or sinne there are but two wayes The one by manifesting the danger of the relapse the other by ministring comfort or assurance of happy successe in that course of life which hath beene commended by the Physitians of their soules unto them The dreadfull estate into which they were without his directions ready to fall is discovered to them in most patheticall expressions from the 4. v. of the 6. Chapter to the 9. For it is impossible for those who were once enlightened and have tasted of the heavenly gift and were made partakers of the holy Ghost and have tasted the good word of God and the powers of the world to come if they shall fall away to renew them againe unto repentance seeing they crucify to themselves the Sonne of God a fresh and put him to an open shame For the earth which drinketh in the raine which commeth oft upon it and bringeth forth hearbs meete for them by whom it is dressed receiveth blessing from God But that which beareth thornes and briars is rejected and is nigh unto cursing whose end is to be burned These passages shew the dangerousnesse of their disease to whom hee wrote his Epistle and that they stood in neede of extraordinary physick The comfortable preparative for the making of them capable of a most soveraigne receit followeth v. 9. But Beloved wee are perswaded better things of you and things that accompany salvation though we thus speake For God is not unrighteous to forget your work and labour of love which yee have shewed towards his name in that yee have ministred to his Saints and doe minister Here were a text of excellent use were it warily handled for restoring such men as after their recovery from Atheisme infidelitie or heresie fall into a relapse as bad as these as into an apostasy from the faith sometimes syncerely professed by them into libertinisme or prophanesse As fit a theame as any I have observed in sacred Writ to encourage all men of what sort or condition soever professing Christianitie to the constant practice of good workes especially of Charitie 3 For albeit the workes of charity which the Hebrewes had done could not albeit the best workes which we now living can doe can no wayes merit any degree of grace or make us worthy of the gift of repentance yet by good works we become more capable of Gods mercies of his long suffering or forbearance to punish us after the same manner or measure that he doth presumptuous sinners 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 This is as if hee had said The God whom yee Hebrewes now converted to Christianitie serve non est dominus adeo durus is not so rigorous a Iudge but that whilst he weighs your later or present Transgressions in the legall scale of Iustice he will put your former deeds of charity into the scale of mercy But leaving the full discussion of this passage to profest Commentators or Controversy-writers although wee shall prize good workes or deeds of charitie at the lowest rate which our Apostle in this place sets upon them That will amount unto as much as some learned Fathers have said Sunt via ad regnum non causa regnandi They are the way to
cases because they are commanded to be holy as he is holy But can there be any case or businesse betwixt God and man of so great consequence that his sole word or meere promise might not suffice to determine it His word in it selfe no doubt is more firme and sure then all the oaths of men and Angels It is therefore in the second place presumed or granted by all good Writers that our Gracious God confirmed this promise by oath ex abundanti for the support of mens infirmities which too often measure the goodnesse of God and the fidelitie of his promises by their owne notions of goodnesse or by their experience of such fidelitie as is found in promises amongst good men But albeit wee may take surer hold of any mans word or promise then of his indefinite overtures or inclinations to doe us good yet a very honest mans word is no sheateanchor for a wise man to rely upon in a violent storme The fest sometimes may be sure and firme when the cable is slender and weak Or the cable very strong when the fest or Anchor-hold is slippery Hence ordinary promises or professions of reall kindnesses by a tacite or implicite consent of most men admit diverse exceptions or dispensations whereof solemne oaths are uncapable In what termes soever ordinary promises or professions of kindnesses be expressed their tenour is to be understood or construed with this Proviso Rebus sic stantibus Vnexpected disaster or rare mischance is in common equitie a sufficient release for non performance of that which was sincerely promised upon probable hopes of better meanes or abilities or at least of the continuances of such meanes as the party had when hee made promise Many men who will hardly straine their oaths for their life will dispense with their honest words or good intentions rather then subject themselves to any incompensable worldly mischiefe or remedilesse inconvenience which may certainely follow upon the performances of what they promised For this reason every wise man must be more wary to what he swears then to what he promiseth For matter of promise concernes things temporall only whereas hee that takes a solemne oath doth sequester his immortall soule and estate in the life to come into the hands of the Almighty Iudge and Revenger of perjury Hence was it that the noble Romane Regulus did chuse rather to returne to the Carthaginians resolving to endure all the tortures and paines that they could inflict upon him then to violate the solemne oath which they administred unto him And albeit the Carthaginians knew him to be a man for his fidelitie and due observances of his promises as just and righteous as Rome had any a man more faithfull and true if wee believe ancient histories then the Carthaginians ordinarily were yet out of discretion and politick obseruance they held it more safe to trust to Regulus upon his oath then upon his meere promise No wise man or prudent Statist unto this day will trust the best man living over whose person or estate hee hath no command or jurisdiction in matter of greater consequence without a solemne oath A grave * Civilian observes absque iureiur ando alicui in foederibus contrahendis confidere est piscari in aere venari in mediâ— maris CHAP. 16. God's oath to Abraham was an oath for Confirmation of the league betwixt them Of the severall manner of leagues NOw God's oath to Abraham was an oath of league a solemne confirmation of that Covenant which God had entred with Abraham at the Circumcision of his Son Isaac Wee may observe in the sacred story that Abraham had first God 's meere promise and on that he faithfully relyed Gen. 12. 13. 14. c. Afterwards this promise grew into a solemne everlasting Covenant signed on Abraham's part by the Circumcision of himselfe and his sonne Isaac and afterwards confirmed on God's part by solemne oath and lastly signed and sealed by the bloody death of the only Sonne of God For the Readers better conduct in the passages which follow it will be requisite first to entreate briefly of the nature of Covenants and Leagues Secondly to display the Evangelicall importances of the oath by which this League was first confirmed and afterwards renewed The word Covenant in our English is sometimes equivalent to that which the Latines call pactum or conventum to wit any contract or bargaine wherein there is quid pro quo somewhat given and somewhat taken And in this sense every Covenant or bargaine is an act of commutative Iustice wherein there is ratio dati accepti a mutual bond betweene the parties contracting upon some valuable considerations A Covenant of this ranke there cannot any be properly said or imagined betwixt God and meere man as Abraham was for who can give any thing unto God which was not his owne before by a more soveraigne right and more peculiar title then it is or can be his that would take upon him to make God his Debtor by deede of gift And for this very reason the acutest Schoolemen resolve us that commutative Iustice cannot be formally in God But when wee read that Iustice is one of God's essentiall Attributes or when we say that God is truly and formally Iust this must be meant of distributive Iustice the ballance of whose scales are poena and praemium matter of punishment and matter of reward For God as a just Iudge doth truly and accurately render unto every man according unto all his wayes without any respect of any advantage gaine or profit that can redound unto him by mans doing good but meerely out of his unspeakable love unto mercy it selfe unto bounty it selfe or unto Iustice it selfe But though there cannot be such a Pactum or Covenant betweene God and man betweene God and Abraham himselfe as is a proper act of commutative Iustice wherein there is ratio dati accepti For Abraham had nothing to give unto God from whom hee had received all that hee had and from whom hee did expect to receive his sonne Isaac in whom the very Covenant was to be establed yet there may be betweene God and man and there was betweene God and Abraham a true and proper Covenant in another sense that is asmuch as the Latines call foedus a true or proper league of amitie or association And thus the word in the originall especially in Genesis 17. 7. is to be taken 2 This kind of League or Covenant may be of two sorts foedera iniqua quae victores victis dabant Such as the Conquerors would give unto the Conquered which was alwayes upon unequall termes or conditions and yet better for the conquered and weaker part to admit of then to be altogether without league or securitie for their safety or protection Or they were foedera aequa leagues entred upon equall termes or condition such as usually are the leagues betweene neighbour-Kingdomes free-States or Soveraignties independent each on other
especially if such leagues be made when the one hath the other at no advantage And these leagues were of two sorts either mutually defensive only or offensive aswell as defensive as the Greekes say 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or as the Latines more fully expresse the nature of them ut eosdem haberent hostes socios that hee which was a friend to one party should likewise be held a friend unto the other partie included in the league that hee that should declare himselfe an enemie to the one party should forthwith and for so doing be taken and reputed for an enemy unto the other party Besides this mutuall aid or assistance in times of warre one speciall end of leagues or association was that one Country might be relieved in their want or pleasured in their prosperity with those blessings wherewith others abounded This mutual intercours or exchange of commodities betweene Nation and Nation is alway cut off or much impaired in time of hostility or warre Neither party can with security enjoy the good things which their owne land affords much lesse can they with safety be partakers of those commodities wherewith God hath blessed their enemies And in case it so fell out that a people rich in money or merchandize but destitute of corne or wine or other such necessaries should fall at variance with those who were accustomed to supply their wants their estate in the middest of their wealth was but miserable and would enforce them to seek peace upon termes unequall So we read Acts 12. 20. When Herod was highly displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon a people for wealth inferior to none they came to him with one accord and having made Blastus the Kings Chamberlaine their friend they desired peace What reason had they to become suitors for peace with him against whom they had been able to have waged warre whom perhaps they were able to out-match with number of men and weight of money S. Luke gives the reason in the next verse Because their Country was nourished by Herod's Country 3 But infinitely more miserable then the forlorne estate of any one people can be in respect of the most potent and cruell Adversary was the estate of all mankind whilst heaven and earth were at enimity For albeit God in mercy suffered his Sunne to rise aswell upon the unjust sonnes of Adam as upon Adam in his integritie yet were all utterly deprived of all commerce with the Inhabitants of heaven All were excluded from the tree of life without whose fruit this bodily life which wee lead here on earth even whilst wee live in greatest pleasure or prosperitie is but as a short walke or progresse from the wombe unto the grave as it were from a prison to a place of torment or execution Reason wee had to desire peace of heaven and to become humble Supplicants for the League or Covenant whereof God here preventeth Abraham Reason wee had to have sought this league upon what termes or conditions soever In respect of the parties which enter this league or association it was a league of the former kind quod victores victis dabant God was our Lord by a higher title then the right of conquest we were worse then his meanest vassailes not his servants but his condemned Prisoners It was in his power to have cut us off from all possibility of any league or amitie save only with hell and death which we and our Fathers had chosen for our confederates And yet the conditions of this league wherewith God preventeth Abraham for he sought it at Abraham's hands when Abraham did not seeke it at his are conditions aequi faederis It is made upon as good termes or conditions as any league betweene free-states and Kingdomes independent was ever proffered or performed It is more then a league offensive and defensive More then 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For this league is but a ratification of that promise which God had made to Abraham Gen. 12. 2. 3. And I will make of thee a great Nation and I will blesse thee and make thy name great and thou shalt be a blessing And I will blesse them that blesse thee and curse him that curseth thee And in thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed And yet it is said Chap. 17. ver 19. that God would establish his league with Isaac but with Isaac only as in the type or as hee was the pledge only on Abraham's part For it is a thing not to be imagined that the Lord in giving sentence of blessing and cursing would tye himselfe unto such strict conformitie as this promise imports with the parties to be judged by him as that hee would blesse all whosoever blessed Abraham or that he would curse them that cursed Abraham or Isaac or their seed in their own persons or for their own actions How then doth God performe this promise unto Abraham Not in Abraham or Isaac's person but in another seede of Abraham of whom that is expressely avouched Chap. 22. 16. 17. 18. which in the 12. Chap. was implicitely or avouched of him as he was indefinitely comprehended in Abraham's seede or potentially contained in Abraham's person In thee saith God to Abraham Gen. 22. 18. shall all the families of the earth be blessed By my selfe have I sworne saith the same Lord God Chap. 22. 16. For because thou hast done this thing and hast not withheld thy Sonne thine only Sonne that in blessing I will blesse thee and in multiplying I will multiply thy Seede as the starres in heaven and as the sand which is upon the Sea shore c. Thy Seed shall possesse the gates of his enemies And in thy Seed shall all the Nations of the earth be blessed because thou hast obeyed my voice By Abraham's seede in this place hee meant not Isaac with whom this Covenant was established but another seede of Abraham and another sonne of promise in whom this Covenant was to be accomplished So our Apostle interprets this place Galat. 3. 16. Now to Abraham and his seede were the promises made He saith not and to his seedes as of many but as of one and to thy seede which is Christ that is as truly the Sonne of God as the seede of Abraham who is as truly and properly God as he is man This interpretation of our Apostle is grounded upon the matter or subject of the promise For it is impossible that all the families of the earth even Abraham himselfe and Melchisedech who blessed Abraham should be blessed either in Isaac or in Abraham's seede either indefinitely or universally taken or in any seede of Abraham who was not as truly God as man or who was not that most high God in whose name Melchisedech blessed Abraham In this seede and by this seede all the Nations are blessed that shall be blessed And whatsoever blessings any man or people receive from God in him as hee is the Sonne of God or for
his merits they shall receive them by him through him as he is the seed of Abraham and sonne of man And in this seede of Abraham this Covenant here established with Isaac shall be performed according to the strict proprietie or utmost improvement of the words or clause of the confederacie or league offensive and and defensive betweene God and Abraham Whosoever shall blesse this seede shall be blessed of God Whosoever shall curse this seede shall be accursed by God and not so only but whomesoever this seede shall blesse them likewise God the Father shall blesse Whomsoever this seed shall pronounce accursed they shall stand accursed without revocation or appeale by God the Father For God the Father hath tyed himselfe to conformity of sentence with this seede of Abraham Vnto whom this seede now made King and Priest and placed at the right hand of God shall award this sentence which he will award as Iudge to all that shall be placed on hisright hand Come yee blessessed of my Father inherite the Kingdome prepared for you from the Foundation of the World they shall be blessed by God the Father with everlasting and immortall blisse And unto whom he shall pronounce that other sentence Depart from me yee cursed into everlasting fire prepared for the Divell and his Angels they shall stand accursed likewise by God the Father by an irrevocable and everlasting curse CHAP. 17. The League betweene God and Abraham did eminently containe the most accurate solemnities that were used betwixt Prince and Prince or Nation and Nation AS this League here mentioned betwixt God and Abraham â—â—s for its conditions of the highest ranke of League ut eosdem haberent hostes socios So it was as solemnely concluded and subscribed unto by both parties as any League betwixt man and man was ever concluded and solemnized Albeit the manner of concluding or making Leagues of amity betwixt man and man or people and people was in ancient times specially amongst the Easterne Nations most formall and remarkablely solemne and the manner or solemnitie did vary or differ according to the variety of customes usuall amongst diverse Nations The Macedonians for confirmations of Leagues with others did divide a quantitie of bread betweene the parties consociating giving the one halfe to the one party and the other to the other So Xenophon describes the solemne league of amitie betweene Alexander the great and Cohortanus And though Xenophon expresseth it not it is very probable that they used such solemne imprecations as were usually made in other Leagues concluded with the like solemnitie or sacrifice And that was that so God would divide or smite him or them that should breake the League or violate the conditions agreed upon as they did divide the bread or smite the sacrifice by which the League was concluded Other Leagues of amitie or association as the same Xenophon tels us were concluded betweene party and party which had formerly beene at variance and hostility by mutuall delivery of the same weapons as of lances pikes or other offensive weapons now consecrated by this solemne delivery to be instruments or pledges of peace or not to be used save in their mutuall defence or in offence to them who should prove enemies to their mutuall peace But those Leagues were more solemne which were concluded with Blood either of the parties which entred League or with the blood of beasts sacrificed for making peace between men So Tacitus tels it was the custome amongst some Eastern Kings when they entred a League to clutch their hands and fingers and to tye their thumbs so hard until the blood did rise in the pulp or fleshypart and afterwards to let them both so much blood by a gentle touch that each party might suck others blood Id foedus arcanum habetur quasi mutuo cruore sacratum This kind of League saith Tacitus was accounted sacred as being confirmed by mutuall blood But how sacred or secret soever this League was for the word Arcanum importeth both it was pro illa vice for that turne both openly and shamefully violated by Radamistus Xenophon likewise describes another League betweene the Grecians and the people of Asia concluded by the blood of sacrifices which they mutually killed The Grecians dipped their swords and the Asiatickes their lances in the blood of the Sacrifices which were a bull a beare a wolfe and a ramme being first mingled together in a shield or target as if they had sought to have made peace betweene these offensive weapons of warre by making them pledge each other in a common cup. For so the most solemne manner of plighting faith betwixt some Nations was for the one to take up the same cup from the others hand and to pledge him in it or in case no cup or wine could be presently had they were to lick the dust of the earth at each others hands 2 The manner of solemnizing this present League betwixt God and Abraham at the first draught of it was much what the same with that which Tacitus reports of the Easterne Kings It was solemnized on Abraham's part by the effusion of his owne and his sonne Isaac's blood and so continued throughout the generations of their posteritie by cutting off the fore-skin of their flesh And inasmuch as Circumcision was the signe or solemne ceremony of this mutuall League betweene God and Abraham and Abraham's seede it is necessarily implyed by the tenour of the same mutuall Covenant that God should subscribe or seale the League after the same manner and receive the same signe of Circumcision in his flesh which Abraham and his seede hath done 3 This Covenant which was first entred by Circumcision was afterwards renewed on God's part as on Abraham's part by mutuall and solemne sacrifice The manner of God's treatie or processe with Abraham in this Covenant is worthy of serious observation And Abraham's demeanour in all this businesse is the most lively patterne and most exquisite rule for all our imitation who desire the assurance of faith or hope concerning our present or future estate in this gracious League or Covenant Though it be most true which hath been often intimated before that no man can deserve any thing at God's hand because no man can give him any thing which hee hath not received from him seeing no man can bestow upon God or convey unto him any title or right of propriety which he hath received from him which God had not before man received it from him or enjoyed it by him Yet if we be content sincerely to renounce our owne title or interest in the Creatures which wee have received from him or in our selves who are likewise his whose very being is the free gift of his goodnesse he still rewards us for every such service or act of our bounden duty with a larger measure of his bountie then any deservings of man from man can pretend unto And thus he rewarded Abraham alwaies
the most exquisite literall sense referre to David's seede not by carnall generation but by promise or birth spirituall and yet truly verified of Salomon according to a lower degree of the literall sense who was David's seede by carnall generation The establishing of Salomon's Kingdom is here indefinitely expressed without any note of Vniversalitie in respect of time nor was his Line de facto perpetuated until the promised seed was spiritually conceived and made of our flesh and substance If Salomon's Line as is probable did determine in Ieconiah yet this no way excludes it from being part of the literall object verse 13. Hee shall build an house for my name and I will establish the throne of his Kingdome for ever that is so long as that materiall temple should stand which was untill the captivitie of Babylon The first words likewise of the 14 th v. I will be his father and he shall be my sonne were literally and in the historicall sence meant of Salomon albeit exactly fulfilled in David's seede 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the mysticall sense that is Salomon as his Father David before him was instiled the Sonne of God or God's first borne amongst the Princes of the earth and so instiled not by Court-complement or in the adulatorie stile but by the Spirit of God Both their Royalties and prerogatives did beare the same proportion to all the praeeminencies of earthly Kings which lived before them or in their times especially for the perpetuity of the Kingdome which the portion of the first borne did beare by the Law of God or custome of Nations unto younger Brothers But the later part of the 14 th verse and the whole 15 th verse If hee commit iniquitie I will chasten him with the rod of men and with the stripes of the children of men are to be understood of Salomon and the heires of his body only they are not appliable to the Sonne of God made man or to the sonne of David made King and Priest either according to the literall or mysticall sence The 16 th verse referres to David and to Salomon and their sonnes in the literall but to Christ and his Kingdome only in the mysticall sence as to the true body and substance of which these two great Kings of Israel and Iudah and their Kingdomes were but as briefe Maps or Terrars The Kingdome of David's seede 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of Salomon his Successor in the Kingdomes of Israel and Iudah doe differ more in substance then the map of Germany doth from that sometimes goodly Country now wasted with warre and famine 3 But in all these passages before cited there is no intimation of God's Oath for the confirmation of his promise unto David and his Seedes but to his Seede Yet this assurance unto his SEEDE we have in the 132 Psalme which was composed by David himselfe toward the later end of his reigne or after he had brought the Arke of the Covenant unto Mount Sion the place dedicated by this pious King for its perpetuall residence It is a point to me very considerable that as God did not confirme his promise of blessing to Abraham by Oath untill Abraham had yeelded up by faith his only sonne Isaac so did he not give David assurance by Oath that the seede promised to Abraham should be his seede or that this his seede should be the high Priest of the heavenly Sanctuary until David had first bound himselfe by sacred Oath to prepare a place for the Arke of the Covenant an habitation for the Almighty God of Iacob Lord remember David and all his afflictions Psalme 132. v. 1 How he sware unto the Lord and vowed unto the mighty God of Iacob Surely I will not come into the Tabernacle of my house nor goe up into my bed I will not give sleepe unto mine eyes or slumber unto mine eye-lids untill I find out a place for the Lord an habitation for the mighty God of Iacob c. This great service thus consecrated and devoted by the royall Prophet the mighty Lord who will not suffer a cup of cold water given to a Prophet in the name of a Prophet to passe unrewarded doth abundantly recompence not in generall only or by equivalencie but as before he had done Abraham's and Isaac's obedience in kind Thus much is implied ver the 11. The Lord hath sworne in truth unto David hee will not turne from it c. As if he had said he will not reverse his promise nor suffer the blessing promised to faile because both were confirmed by Oath What was the Blessing promised and confirmed by oath Of the fruit of thy body or of thy belly as the originall hath it will I set upon thy throne The object of this Oath reacheth to none of David's seed save only to him who was the promised womans seed the fruit of the Virgins wombe yet were not David's sons or the rest of his seede excluded by oath from reigning in Iudah and Ierusalem untill time should be no more so it followeth ver the 12. If thy children will keepe my Covenant and my Testimony that I shall teach them their children also shall sit upon thy throne for ever But these wee must consider are words of Promise not of Oath and for this reason are exprest not in an absolute forme or tenour And so must other promises not confirmed by oath be interpreted although the condition be not alwaies expressed they alway imply more then a meere possibility a true title to the blessing promised though not a title undefeasable 4 But it is time to review the Paraphrase of the Psalmist Psalme 89. upon this last and other promises made respectively unto David himself to his seede or sonnes The originall occasion whether of that Psalmist's tentations to question the truth of God's promises to David or which I rather think of the general distrust in the discontented multitude of those times which he did rather seek to represent then approve was this Either they did not distinguish at all or else not so well as they should betweene the Articles unto which God did sweare and the Articles unto which he tied himselfe by promise only The later were alway conditionall or subject to a forfeiture or revocation upon the misdemeanour of the parties whose good it did concerne I have found David my servant with my holy oile have I anointed him with whom mine hand shall be established mine arme also shall strengthen him The enemy shall not exact upon him nor the sonne of wickednesse afflict him v. 20. 21. 22. c. All this no good Christian can doubt was literally and punctually meant of the sonne of Iesse As litle question there is of the 25. v. I will set his hand in the Sea and his right hand also in the Rivers This according to the literal meaning expresseth the extents or bounds of David's or Salomon's Kingdome here on earth For that extended from the Sidonian sea
prefigured or fore-shadowed either by Zerubbabel the Prince of Iudah or by his associate Iesus the high Priest in conducting Gods people from the land of their captivity into the land of promise Yes there is not one title or attribute mentioned in either prophecy but it is fore-shadowed either joyntly both by Zerubbabel Iesus the high Priest or severally by one of them 4 As he is the Branch of David fore-prophecied by Esaiah Chap. 11. 1. where to both these prophecies of Ieremiah and Zachary have reference hee is more exquisitely prefigured by Zerubbabel then by David himselfe or any other Prince of David's Line The Branch which God had promised to raise up unto David almost an 110 yeares before Ieremiah had uttered his prophecies was to grow up out of the stemme or roote of Iesse as it is Esay 11. 1. that is he was to be a man of meaner parentage then Iesse the Father of David was a man more unlikely to become a Prince or Ruler of God's people then David was when hee kept his Father's sheepe Of David's linage many after the captivity were poore and of as meane ability as Iesse David's Father was Zerubbabel was borne unto Salathiel in captivity and Salathiel himselfe the sonne of Ieconiah a poore captive Prince but whâ—-Salathiel was the sonne of Ieconiah's body or rather his sonne by adoption I have no more to say then was said before Whether this way or that way hee were his sonne if wee consider the potency of the Chaldean Empire when he was borne or the Chaldeans generall aversnesse from the Iewes or their jealousie of the royall race it was more unlikely that any of David's line should be released from captivity or be suffered to returne from Babylon unto their native land then that Israel should be delivered from the Egyptian thraldome by Moses But the same God which had shewed his mighty power in the overthrow of Pharaoh and his powerfull host did as miraculously shew both his power and wisdome in the suddaine surprisall of Babylon and overthrowing the Babylonian Empire by Cyrus Of these two wonderfull deliverances of his people the later in the Prophet Ieremy his esteeme is the greater therefore he saith Ierem. 16. 14. 15. Behold the dayes come saith the Lord that it shall no more be said the Lord liveth that brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt but the Lord liveth that brought up the Children of Israel from the land of the North and from all the lands whither hee had driven them and I will bring them againe into their land that I gave unto their Fathers The like you may read Ierem. 23. 7. 8. Cyrus after his strange conquest of Babylon sets Gods people free and authorizeth Zerubbabel the next heire then left unto the Crown of Iudah to conduct them unto Ierusalem there to serve their God as he in his Lawes had prescribed But after their safe arrivall there they are molested by their malicious enemies the building of the City and Temple is after Cyrus his death for divers yeares hindred untill Zerubbabel by his favour and potency with Cyrus his successors procures the revivall of the charter which Cyrus granted and frees himselfe and God's people from further molestation by their enemies as you may read it at large in the Booke of Ezra So that part of Ieremiah's prophecy is verified of him for in his dayes and by his meanes under God Iudah was saved and Israel did dwell securely Though hee were not in name or title a Saviour yet is hee indeed the Saviour of his people from present distresse and danger And thus farre this poore revived Branch of David is a true and lively Type of that Branch of David in whom all the promises of God made unto Abraham and David were fulfilled who was to be a Saviour not in realty only but in name or title and called especially Iesus because hee was to save his people not from bodily distresse or captivity but from their sinnes And as he is in this sensea Saviour Iesus the Sonne of Iehosadech is the lively Type or shadow of him as well in office or function as in expresse name or title for hee being their high Priest and Aaron's successor did make legall attonement for their sinnes did sanctify the Temple Altar and their offerings and performed all legall righteousnesse for theâ— insigne of greater righteousnesse and salvation by that high Priest which was to come whose supreame title was the Lord our righteousnesse 5 But did either Zerubbabel or this Iesus the high Priest and his associates prefigure or fore shadow our high Priest in this royall name or title of being the Lord our righteousnesse Certaine it is that Zerubbabel did not for neither his owne name nor his Fathers nor any of his Progenitors names since Iehosaphat's dayes had any reference to this title nor import the thing signified by it in their grammaticall significations But the Father of this Iâ—shua or Iesus the high Priest was named Iehosadech which signifies as much as the righteousnesse of the Lord or the righteous Lord. 6 But here wee must consider that names are of two sorts Some names agree to the things named substantially and directly Others accidentally or in obliquâ— The former fort expresse the condition and nature of the thing named As the name of Adam which God imposed upon the first man did expresse his nature or substance to wit the red earth out of the which he was framed So the name which Adam gave unto the first woman did truly expresse the nature and condition of the Sex to wit that she was made of man that shee was of his flesh and of his bones so likewise is the name of Eveh a true expression of her nature for she was the Mother and Fonntaine of life unto all posteritie 7 Names otherwhiles though solemnely given expresse or import some circumstance or relation unto the nature or thing it selfe which they primarily and properly signifie So Gideon was called Ierub-baal not that ever he did plead for Baal but in remembrance of his fathers answer unto them which had expostulated with him for cutting downe Baal's grove 8 So Moses called the Altar which he erected Exod. 17. 14. Iehovah-Nissi the Lord my banner Not thereby intending to occasion us to think that the Altar so named was either Iehovah or his defence but only to import or signifie that in that place wherein hee built the Altar and at the time of this inscription Iehovah his God had been the defender and protectour of Israel in miraculous manner against the Amalekites So likewise when our Saviour called Simon Cephas or Petros the name imports not that he was either the rocke it selfe or Corner-stone whereon Christ's Church is founded But only that he had some speciall reference or relation unto the rock or foundation Stone which God had laid in Sion or which is all one that hee was the first which
Father saith the Apostle hath made us meete to be partakers of the Saints in light and hath delivered us from the power of darknesse and translated us into the Kingdome of his dearly beloved Son 2 So that this part of Ieremie's prophecie 23. 6. In his dayes Iudah shall be saved and Israel shall dwell in safety must be fulfilled in every one of us more exquisitely then it was in the whole remnant of Iudab and Israel which returned in safety from Babylon the land of their captivity unto Ierusalem the place of their peace and rest Every one of us must be saved from the land of darknesse and translated into the Kingdome of light before wee can be sure of our salvation before our election and salvation can be made certaine unto us For every one of us is by nature the child of wrath every one of as as he is the sonne of Adam carries a Babel or masse of confusion about with him or rather lives in it as in a walking prison Every one of us is subject to morethen Baby lonish to more then Egyptian slavery Our very soules which are the light unto our bodies our very minds which have the same place in our soules which Goshen had in Egypt are darkened or as the Apostle speakes are darknesse it selfe Now to extract or draw us out of our selves or out of that servitude unto finne in which wee were borne or to bring us out of that darknesse which is within us is a greater miracle a more remarkable document of God's infinite power wisdome then the bringing of Israel out of Egypt then the rescuing of Iudah from the captivity of Babylon were God did make the winde and waters his instruments to overthrow Pharaoh and his hoast in the red sea he made his Angels ministring spirits to conduct Israel in their departure thence but to draw us out of our selves to extract our mindes and spirits from the dreggs of the flesh to translate them from the powers of darknesse to the Kingdome of light the ministry or service of Angels or other creatures did not suffice For accomplishing this great worke the Sonne of God himselfe became a Servant Hee that was essentially Iehovah God himselfe did cloath himselfe with salvation as with a garment and became a Saviour not in the appearance of an Angell not in our meere shape and likenesse nor in the meere forme or shape of any other creature but in our flesh and substance CHAP. 24. That our high Priest the Son of God did not only accomplish that which was fore shadowed by the name and title office of Iesus the Son of Iosedech but withall the legall rites or solemnities nowe of which hoe did destroy or dissolve as he did the works of the Divell but change or advance them into better solemnities to be observed by us Christians That his solemne accomplishment of the feast of attonement at the feast of the Passeover was prefigured in the Law and fore-fignified by God's speciall command THe Son of God saith S. Iohn was manifested to the end that he might destroy or dissolve the workes of the Divell Not only the workes which hee had wrought in the nature of Adam and all his sonnes the manner of whose destruction or dissolution the Reader may find discussed at large in the eighth Booke of these CoÌ„mentaries but besides these all the solemne rites or ceremonies whether sacrifices or other services by which the subtile enemy of mankind had enticed men unto or retained them in obedience to his service All these the Son of God came into the world not to change or accomplish but utterly to abolish or destroy them As for the Aaronicall Priesthood or legall riâ—es dependant on it these hee came not utterly to abolish or destroy but to change or sublimate them into a better kind of service This orthodoxall forme of words the Apostle hath taught us Heb. 7. v. 12. The Priesthood being changed there is made of necessity a change also of the Law that is no destruction either of the Law or Priesthood The false witnesses themselves which were set up to accuse S. Stephan of blasphemous words against the holy place and the Law though willing no question to charge him with more then he said yet charge him with nothing but this We have heard him say that this Iesus of Nazareth shall destroy this place and shall change the customes which Moses delivered us Acts 6. v. 14. But these malicious men with their complices and abettors did destroy the materiall Temple by turning it into a denne of theeves or murtherers by practising these and other like workes of the Divell in it Notwithstanding the utter destruction of this denne of theeves by these means the house of God which was the Temple whilst it continued a house of praier was not utterly destroyed but rather changed or translated unto Ierusalem which is above as the Arke of the Covenant had beene before from Shiloh unto Sion As for any intention utterly to destroy any custome which Moses had given them they had no pretence to accuse either S. Stephan or our Saviour who had solemnely protested that hee came not to destroy or dissolve the Law but to fulfill it And none unlesse perhaps some base Mechanicke or meaner metall man who thinkes the matter whereon hee workes to be of all others the best would accuse an Alchimist or ingenious Artist for wasting or destroying copper lead or brasse if hee could change or sublimate them into pure gold 2 The change or accomplishment of the best egall rites even such as were appointed by an everlasting covenant was more admirable then this supposed transmutation of baser metals into refined gold can truly represent for as hath been observed before Albeit our Saviour was no Priest after the order of Aaron either before or after his Consecration yet hee did most exquisitely accomplish the whole Aaronicall Priesthood and other legall rites dependent on it by his Consecration to a more excellent truly everlasting Priesthood Circumcision was enjoyned under this title of an everlasting covenant and so enjoyned under a terrible penalty before the Law was given by Moses to all the seed of Abraham throughout their generations Was this rite or ceremony then destroyed or annihilated by the Circumcision of the Son of God Neither destroyed then nor changed before his death but at his Circumcision designed to be changed into an everlasting Covenant and after his Resrrection and Ascention not so properly changed as advanced into a better Sacrament or Seale of God's love unto mankind under a stricter penalty to the contemners of it or the undertakers for both sexes then Circumcision had been to the Hebrew males The Iewish Sabbath or Seventh day likewise was not so truly nullified for the substance of the precept which was to be a commemoration of God's rest from all his workes upon the Seventh day as clarified or purged from the droffe or dreggs of legall
Christ once for all Hebr. 10. 10. Every Priest standeth dayly ministring and offering oftimes the same sacrifices which can never take away sinnes but this man or rather this Priest after he had once offered one sacrifice for sinnes for ever sate downe on the right hand of God and henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool For by one offering he hath consecrated for ever them that are sanctified ver 11. 12. 13. 5 As many as have reaped or hereafter shall reape any benefit either from Gods's Oath to Abraham concerning his seede in whom all the Nations of the earth were to be blessed or from the Renewing of this Oath to David concerning his son which was to be the Dispenser of this blessing and to be made a Priest after the order of Melchisedech who blessed Abraham all and every one of them are consecrated to the patticipation of this blessing by the Consecration of this our high Priest the Sonne of God The Law saith the Apostle makes men high Priests which have infirmity but the word of the Oath which was since the Law maketh the Sonne high Priest who is consecrated for evermore and by this his Consecration wee even all the Israel of God are consecrated by an everlasting Consecration So saith the Apostle Revel 1. 5. Iesus Christ the first begotten of the dead and Prince of the Kings of the earth hath washed us from our sins in his owne Blood and hath made us Kings and Priests that is Priests after the order of Melchisedech unto God and his Father By this his Consecration likewise to his everlasting Priesthood we are hallowed and consecrated as Temples to our God so saith S. Peter 1. Pet. 2. v. 4. 5. To whom comming as to a living stone disallowed indeed of men but chosen of God and precious yee also as lively stones are built up a spirituall house an holy Priesthood to offer up a spirituall sacrifice acceptable to God by Iesus Christ 5 But to take the severall bloody sacrifices which were offered at the Consecration of Aaron and his sonnes into more particular consideration Albeit these sacrifices were all imperfect not only absolutely or in respect of our high Priest's everlasting sacrifice but even in respect of these spirituall sacrifices mentioned by S. Peter which wee are to offer unto God yet were they all in their kind most perfect The best and chiefest in the whole ranke of legall or Aaronicall sacrifices they are as so many lineaments pourtraying in part or fore-shadowing that body or accomplishment not of them only but of all other sacrifices All meet in it as so many lines in their Center The first bloody sacrifice that was offered at the Consecration of Aaron was a Bullock The Priests might offer no other sacrifice then this for their owne sinne-offering because this was of all other the best and yet in comparison of this saith the Psalmist in the Person of this our high Priest in his affliction I will praise the name of God with a song and will magnifie him with thanksgiving this alâ—o shall please the Lord better then a bullock which hath hornes and hoofes that is beginning to spread the horne and hoofe for at that time they were most fit for sacrifice Psal 69. ver 30. 31. His meaning was that this sacrifice of thanksgiving should be more acceptable unto God then the very best sacrifice of the Law and so it was especially whilst offered by our high Priest even when he offered his bloody sacrifice upon the Crosse and after his enemies had given him vineger in his thirst to drink For after he had uttered that pittifull Song of the Psalmist Psal 22. whether only out of his griefe or anguish or upon other respects and intentions My God my God why hast Thou for saken Me he finally commends his soule his spirit unto his Father in the words of the Psalmists Song Ps 35. Father into thy hands I coÌ„mend my spirit The uttering of both these Songs in this anguish of soule argues hee lov'd his God and our God his Father and our Father with all his soule with all his heart with all his strength and his performance of this great Commandement as the Scribe which approved his answer to the Pharisees to the Herodians and the Sadduces had a litle before confest upon his answer to his Question was more then all whole burnt offrings and sacrifices Mat. 12. from v. 12. to 34. CHAP. 26. In what respects the Bullock offered at the Consecration of Aaron c. and the rites of offering â—â— did prefigure the bloody sacrifice of the Sonne of God especially the circumstances of the place wherein it was offered BVt you will aske wherein did the Sacrifice of the Bullock which was offered for a sinne-offering or Attonement at Aaron's Consecration or the circumstances in offering it punctually fore-shadow the bloody Sacrifice which our high Priest offered at his Consecration or the manner or circumstance of his offering it It did in circumstance at least prefigure the Sacrifice of our high Priest after the same manner or in respect of the same circumstance that the annuall sacrifices of Attonement did prefiure it of which hereafter Inasmuch as the head and flesh c. of the Bullock for sinne-offering or Attonement for Aaron at his Consecation was to be offered or burnt without the campe not to be burnt upon the Altar It fell under the same Law and undergoes the same considerations which the annuall-Sacrifices in the feast of Attonement did For so it is expressely commanded Exod. 29. 14. That the flesh of the Bullock and his skinne should be burnt without the Camp because it was a sin-offering Now it was an universall and peremptory Law that no flesh of any Sacrifice whose Blood was brought into the Sanctuary to make Attonement should be eaten by the Priests in the Sanctuary 2 It was againe a Law as peremptory that the Priests especially the high Priests might that is had power to eat the flesh of any Sacrifice whose Blood was not brought into the Sanctuary For to this purpose Moses Levit. 10. 17. expostulateth with Aaron's sonnes which were left after the death of Nadab and Abihu Wherefore have yee not eaten the sinne-offering in the holy place for it is the holy of holies and it vz. the flesh of the sin-offring he hath given to you to beare the iniquity of the Congregation to make Attonement for them before the Lord Behold the Blood of it was not brought in behold indeed you should have eaten it in the holy place as I commanded you Aaron in his Apologie for his sonnes against this accusation of Moses in no case questions the truth or extent of this commandement but rather excuseth himselfe and his sonnes for not observing the purport of the Law as the case stood with them his two sonnes Nadab and Abihu being lately consumed with fire issuing out from before the Lord for offering strange fire which
were two The first the solemne memorial the commeration or reiteration of God's Covenant made with Abraham and with his seede or the continuall acceptance of it by performing the obedience which God required at their hands in all their sacrifices The second was a perpetuall representation of the accomplishment of this Covenant on God's part in and by the promised Seede or Messias God had promised by oath to Abraham that in his seede not only Abraham's seede after the flesh but all the Nations of the earth that follow the steps of Abraham should be blessed And in this promise confirmed by oath it was implied as hath beene often mentioned before that the Sonne of God should become Abraham's seede and that the seede of Abraham thus made the Sonne of God should be offered up to God in such a manner as God required Abraham to offer up his sonne Isaac that is in a true and bloody sacrifice Isaac's approach to death was a type a figure or representation of our Saviour's bloody death Isaac's strange deliverance from this bloody death menaced by his Fathers outstretehed hand armed with a bloody knife was a type or shadow of our Saviour's Resurrection from death which God his Father had not only threatned but inflicted upon him Now as that which Abraham intended to have done to his sonne Isaac was accomplished by God upon his only sonne so Abraham's words to Isaack when hee intended to offer him up in bloody sacrifice became a true prophecy of our Saviour's bloody sacrifice Isaac bearing the wood of the burnt offering upon his back and observing his Father to cary fire in the one hand and a knife in the other no creature in the world besides themselves being present moved this question Behold the fire the wood but where is the Lamb for the burnt offring And Abraham answers God will provide himselfe a Lambe for a burnt offering my Sonne Gen. 22. 7. 8. Whatsoever the naturall construction of Abraham's answer in these words might import Abraham at this time had no other intention then to offer up his son Isaack for a burnt offering Howbeit his words without wrong to their grammaticall construction in the originall might imply as much and as the Hebrewes conceive they did to Isaac's apprehension imply as much as if hee had said God will provide himselfe a Lambe for a burnt offering even thee my Sonne or God will provide theâ— my Sonne for a burnt offering And from this apprehension or construction of Abraham's words Isaac as the Hebrewes have a tradition forthwith became willing to be offered up in sacrifice for a burnt offering suffering himselfe to be bound upon the Altar by his Father being able if he had been so disposed to make resistance as being now at least 25 years of age 2 However it were Isaac was as willing to be offered as Abraham was to offer him And yet Abraham's former words are more exactly fulfilled even for the present then if Isaac had been then offered upon the Altar For though God had commanded Abraham to offer his only begotten sonne Isaac for a burnt offering yet hee had been a burnt offering of Abraham's providing but the Ramme which was caught by the hornes in the thicket was a burnt offering of God's provision meerly It was no part of Abraham's store of Abraham's provision fore-cast or fore-sight The Ramme questionlesse came not thither from any neighbour place by chance God did provide it for a burnt offering by a manner extraordinary and miraculous For if David would not offer a sacrifice to God of that which cost him nothing or of that which was another mans by former possession untill he had made it his owne by a better title then by free donation or his owne by a just price or valuable consideration Abraham doubtlesse would not have offered a sacrifice unto the Lord of that which he might justly suspect to be the goods of another man untill he had bought it of the known owner But knowing this Ramme to have been of God's own or meere provision by meanes miraculous or extraordinary hee forthwith offered it for a burnt offring instead of his son So then the League or Covenant betwixt God and Abraham is concluded and subscribed unto on Abraham's part with the sacrifice of a Ramme and was to be continued or accepted of by Abraham's posterity with continuation of like sacrifices The high Priests themselves who were in their ranke and order mediators or intercessors for continuing and establishing this Covenant between God and Abraham's seede were to be solemnely consecrated by the sacrifice of Rammes And in memoriall or commemoration of Isaac's deliverance from death the Iewes did celebrate that day wherein God provided this sacrifice instead of Isaac that was according to their Kalendar the first of September or feast of Trumpets with the sacrifice of Rammes But they considered not that in the words of God's oath to Abraham it was implyed that God would give his Sonne his only Sonne for such a bloody sacrifice or burnt offering as Abraham intended to have made of his sonne Isaac They considered not that in Abraham's answer to Isaac The Lord would provide himselfe of a burnt offering and in the miraculous provision of the Ramme for a burnt offering instead of Isaac it was implyed or fore-signified as well by matter of fact as by expresse word of prophecy that God would provide matter of sacrifice when he should offer his only Sonne after a more excellent miraculous manner then he had now done the Ramme instead of Isaack For seeing the Sonne of God as God could not dye he therefore provides him a mortall body taken from the seede of Abraham the substance of the blessed Virgin and so unites it to his divine person that whilst this seede of Abraham was offered in sacrifice the Sonne of God was likewise offered that whilst Abraham's seede was thus consecrated by bloody sacrifice the Sonne of God was likewise consecrated to be the high Priest after the order of Melchisedech that is to be the Author Donour and Dispenser of that blessing which Melchisedech in the name of the most high God whose Priest he was bestowed on Abraham and which God upon Abraham's readinesse to offer Isaac did by solemn oath bind himselfe to perform and to performe it in Abraham's seede The necessary consequence or abstract of which oath as it is before manifested was this that Abraham's seede should be that most high God in whose name Melchisedech had blessed Abraham 3 The unusuall and unexpected fulfilling of Abraham's words to Isaac Gen. 22. 8. Iehovah lireh the Lord will see or the Lord will provide himselfe a Lambe for a burnt offering gave Abraham occasion to name that place Iehovah â—ireh as also to a common Proverbe taken up from the name of this place and from the event In the Mount of the Lord it shall be seene Gen. 22. 14. or as the originall without straining will more
upon the tip of the right eare of Aaron and upon the tip of the right eares of his sonnes and upon the thumbe of their right hand and upon the great toe of their right foot and sprinkle the blood c. This ceremony or service was literally and punctually fulfilled in the Consecration of our high Priest The high Priest of the Law was consecrated with forreigne blood with the blood of Rammes The high Priest of the New Testament was consecrated 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with his owne blood and in this blood not only his hands his feet or eares were sprinkled or annointed but his whole body was annointed or bathed For though he was alwaies internally sanctified and though this his internall sanctification was most absolute and perfect from the wombe yet would the Lord have him thus visibly and externally consecrated with his owne blood that we by the same blood might be sanctified and consecrated after a better manner then Aaron was by the blood of the Ramme of Consecration The morall implyed in sprinkling of Aaron's right eare the thumbe of his right hand and the great toe of his right foot is this Our eares which are the sense of discipline and the gate by which faith entreth into our hearts must be consecrated and hallowed by the blood of our high Priest that wee may know God's will our hands and feet likewise which are the instruments of service are hallowed and sanctified by his blood that we may walke in his wayes and doe his will Finally as both our bodyes and soules have beene redeemed by his blood so both must be consecrated in it and enabled by it unto his service 7 Another ceremony or service at Aaron's Consecration was the offering up of one loaf of bread one cake of oyled bread and one wafer wherewith Aaron's and his sonnes hands were first to be filled and afterwards to be burnt upon the Altar for a burnt offering for a sweet savour unto the Lord. Exod. 29. ver 23. 25. The mystery signified by this and the other bloody sacrifice may best be gathered from that which hath afore been said concerning the circumcision of Isaack and of Abraham's seed or concerning God's demanding Isaac for a burnt offering which was then observed out of Rupertus an ancient Writer God did demand at Abraham's hands that he might thereby tye himselfe to give his own sonne unto Abraham and his seed To which may now be added the testimony of S. Chrysostome in his comments upon our Saviours words to the Woman of Samarin Da mihi bibore give mee to drink The Fountaine of life sitting besides the Fountaine calls for drink not that he was desirous to take but rather to give drink Give me to drink saith he that I may make thee drink the water of immortality I thirst after the salvation of mens soules not that I might drink but that I may give them salvation to drink I imitate my Father who said to Abraham offer me up thy Sonne thy only Sonne Isaac whom thou lovest for a burnt offering this he said not as if he had desired to accept Abraham's sonne but that he determined to give his owne Sonne for the sinnes of the world as S. Iohn saith Chap. 3. ver 16. In like manner God required the flesh and blood of Bullocks and of Rammes with unleavened bread to be offered up in sacrifice unto him at the Consecration of Aaron not that he stood in need to eate the flesh of Bulls or bread of wheat or drink the blood of Rammes but that he then purposed to consecrate for us and to give unto us his only Sonne whose flesh is meat indeed whose blood is drink indeed whose body is the bread of life which commeth downe from heaven which who so eateth shall live for ever for he that truly eateth is consecrated by it to be a King and Priest for ever unto God the Father CHAP. 28. A briefe Recapitulation of what hath been said in this parallel between the Consecration of Aaron and the Consecration of the Sonne of God the conclusion of the whole Treatise concerning it TO recapitulate what hath been said before The beginning of the everlasting Priesthood according to the order of Melchisedch is the determining of the Aaronicall Priesthood unlesse we shall say as perhaps we ought that this Priesthood with the legall rites and sacrifices did expire with the last mortall breath of him who is now immortall 2 The everlasting sacrifice whereby he is consecrated an everlasting Priest was then accomplished and the cessation of the Aaronicall Priesthood proclaimed when hee said consummatum est and commended his spirit unto God Yet is it not probable that his Consecration or the Consecration of the everlasting Sanctuary were at the same instant accomplished His sacred soule perfumed with the fresh odour and fragrancy of his sweet smelling sacrifice annointed with his most precious blood into whatsoever other place it afterwards went instantly repaired into the Holiest of Holies into Paradise it selfe This is the accomplishment of our Attonement prefigured by the high Priest's entring into the holy place with blood and the period of all sacrifices for his owne or our Consecration 3 That the vale through which the high Priest after the order of Aaron did enter into the most holy place should rend asunder at the very instant wherein the soule and spirit of this our high Priest did passe through the vale of his flesh rent and torne into his coelestiall Sanctuary was a lively embleme to all observant spectators that hee was no intruder but called by God And reason they had to observe this signe or accident in that hee had promised to one of them that were crucified with him Hedie mecum erit in Paradiso 4 The publike solemnitie of Consecration hath ever been a speciall testimony or adjunct of lawfull calling and Christ's Consecration was more solemne and publique then Aaron's was Such it was as flesh and blood could not affect such as nothing but filiall obedience to his heavenly Father could have moved this our high Priest to admit because it was to be accomplished by a lingring and a bloody death Moses at the Consecration of Aaron is commanded to gather all the congregation together unto the doore of the tabernacle Levit. 8. Ad tria voluit Dominus populum congregart Primum ut pro eo sacerdos offerret eumque expearet Secundum ad instituendum sacerdotem ut sciret populus Aaron filios ejus praefici sibi in sacerdotes mediatores de caeterâ— commendavit se illi Tertione esset inter eos aliquis qui postea sacerdotium ambiret postquam omnes sciebant Aarâ—nem à Deo sacerdotem institutum Oleaster 5 For the like reasons God would have the Consecration of his Son accomplished at the Passeover that is as a Father speakes at the Metropolis of Iewish feasts the most solemne publique and universall meeâ—ing that any one People or Nation in
Chapter no literall circumstance or meaning doth lead or direct us this way but the contrary to wit to his generation or off-spring to such a generation but farre more ample as the Israeliteâ— were of Abraham for so it followeth in the Prophet Hee was out off from the land of the living for the transgression of my people was hee striken And hee made his grave with the wicked and with the rich in his death because he had done â—â—â—â—â—lence neither was any deceit in his mouth and ver 10. When thou shalt make his soule an offering for sinne he shall see his seed hee shall prolong his dayes and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand He shall see of the travell of his soâ—le and be satisfied by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justifie many for he shall be are their iniquities v. 10. 11. They whose iniquities he did beare and whom hee justified are his seed or that Generation whereof the Prophet doth speake Vnto this purpose our Saviour himselfe doth speak Ioh. 12. ver 23. 24. When Andrew and Philip came unto him a litle before his Passion and told him certaine Greekes desired to see him he answered them saying The houre is come that the Sonne of man should be glorified Verily verily I say unto you except a corne of wheat fall into the ground and die it abideth alone but if it die it bringeth forth much fruit 12 In respect of this his Resurrection out of the grave he is called the first begotten from the dead for the Father of whom hee was begotten before all worlds from all eternities did now beget him as man unto glory and immortality According to his first birth as man by the blessed Virgin he was truly called the seed of Abraham the sonne of David According to the second birth or begetting him from the grave he is called the Father of the world to come and as man the Father of Abraham the Father of David yea and of Melchisedech himselfe who blessed Abraham For the life of glory and immortality doth descend to all that ever shall be partakers of it from the man Christ Iesus now possest of glory and immortality as truly and really as his mortality or life in the flesh did descend from Abraham from David or from his Mother the blessed Virgin 13 Isaac as all have knowne it was the true picture and shadow of our Saviour's death and deliverance from it The mighty increase likewise of Isaac and Iacob's seed was the embleme or pledge of our Saviour's seed or generation which cannot be numbred or declared 14 But the circumstances of our Saviour's selling of his betraying of his cruell persecutions by Priests and people the ungracious offspring of Israel or Iacob the whole legend of his humiliation unto death and exaltation after his Resurrection are more exactly fore-shadowed by the cruell persecutions of Ioseph procured by his brethren by his calamitie and advancement in Egyyt Their persecutions by the sonnes of Iacob doe in a manner parallel themselves Both of them were sold by a Iudas more for hope of gaine then desire of blood on their parts that sold them 15 The pit whereinto Ioseph's brethren cast him as also the pit or dungeon wherein hee lay in fetters after his comming into Egypt were true pictures of our Saviour's grave or of the pit whereinto his soule descended So was Ioseph's deliverance out of them a true shadow or resemblance of Christ's Resurrection Ioseph's high advancement by Pharaoh an exquisite Type or mappe of our Saviour's glorious Kingdome after his Resurrection or birth from the dead so Ioseph complains unto Pharaoh's butler Gen. 40. v. 15. I was stollen away out of the land of the Hebrewes and here also have I done nothing that they should put mee into the dungeon 16 The whole story of Ioseph's depression and advancement is set downe Psal 105. v. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. He sent a man before theÌ„ even Ioseph who was sold for a servant whose feet they hurt with fetters He was laid in iron until the time that his WORD came the WORD of the Lord tried him The King sent and loosed him even the Ruler of the people and let him goe free Hee made him Lord of his house and Ruler of all his substance To bind his Princes at his pleasure and teach his Senators wisedome 17 A more expresse draught or mappe as well of our Saviour's humiliation as of his exaltation is Gen. 39. ver 20. 21. and Gen. 41. ver 39. Instead of the prison or dungeon wherein Ioseph lay he is raised to the highest place in the Kingdome under Pharaoh Thou shalt be over my house saith Pharaoh to Ioseph and according to thy word shall all my people be ruled only in the throne will I be greater then thou See I have set thee over all the land of Egypt and without thee shall no man lift up his hand or foot in all the land of Egypt So was our Saviour after his Resurrection made chiefe Ruler over the house of God Every house is builded by some man But he that built all things is God And Moses verily was faithfull in all his house as a servant for a testimony of those things which were to be spoken after but Christ as a Sonne over his owne house whose house are wee The amplitude of Christ's Kingdome as man foreshadowed by Ioseph's advancement under Pharaoh over all the land of Egypt is described Psal 2. ver 10. specially Psal 8. ver 5. 6. Thou hast made him a litle while lower then the Angels and hast crowned him with glory and honour Thou mad'st him to have dominion over the workes of thy hands thou hast put all things under his feete Yet saith the Apostle 1. Cor. 15. 27. It is manifest that hee is excepted which put all things under him And when it is said that he sits at the right hand of God untill his enemies be made his footstoole it is included that hee at whose right hand hee sits is in throne or seate of dignity above him Againe Ioseph instead of the iron wherein he was bound hath the Kings ring put on his hand Instead of his ragged or squallid weeds hee is arayed in a vesture of fine linnen or silke Instead of his fetters and bonds hee hath a golden chaine put about his neck All these ornaments bestowed on Ioseph as the ancient and learned well observe were but resemblances of those glorious endowments wherewith our Saviour's Body or Humanitie hath since his Resurrection been invested 18 Ioseph was placed by Pharaoh in the second charriot and he made them cry before him Abrech that is as much as to say Lord or King to whom bowing of the knee was due All this and whatsoever more was done to Ioseph is but a model of that honour which as our Apostle tels us God hath commanded to be given to Christ Wherefore God hath highly exalted him and given
poesie whereof this and the eighteenth Psalme with some others beare lively characters were partly the triumphant victories which he had already gotten over the enemies of Israel's peace and the confederators or conspirators against his Crowne and dignity partly the glorious promises which through patient expectation of deliverance hee had obtain'd for the further establishment and advancement of his throne and the enlargement of his hereditary Kingdome Before the composition of the second Psalme hee had the glorious and gracious promise of which Ethan the Esrait so curiously descants Psalm 89. I will make him my first borne higher then the Kings of the earth c. Now it can be no solecisme to say that hee who in sacred language is instil'd the first borne should have the title of the first begotten among the Princes of the earth Seeing the title of begetting is oftimes in sacred language to be measured not by the scale of Philophes'â— or naturalist's dialect â—ut of morall or civill language or interpretation For they that are sonnes by adoption only or next heires in reversion to a Crowne or dignity are said to be begotten of those which adopt thâ—â— or of whom they be the immediate heares or successors and in this sense in the sacred genealogy Ieconiah is said to have begotten Salathiel So that David upon his owne occasions whether upon his anointing to the Crowne of Iudah in Hâ—â—ron or of Israel in Sion might in the literall sense avouch these words Psalme 2. of himselfe I will preach the Law whereof the Lord said unto mee thâ—â— art my Sâ—â—t his day have I begotten thee 7 For David to call the day of his Coronation or of his designâ—ment unto the Crowne of Iudah or of all Israel his birth-day or begetting by God by whose speciall power and providence hee was crowned is not so harsh a phrase as some haply would deeme it that either know not or consider not that it was usuall in other states or Kingdomes beside Iudah to celebrate two nâ—tales dies two solemne 〈◊〉 or birth-dayes in honour of their Kings and Emperours the one they called diem natalem imperatoris the other diem natalem imperij The one the birth-day of the Emperour whereon he was borne of his naturall Mother the other the birth-day of him as he was Emperour which wee call the Coronation day The reason might hold more peculiar in David then many other Princes because he was the first of all the seed of Abraham that tooke possession of the hill of Sion and setled the Kingdome of Iudah fore-phophecied of by his Father Iacob upon himselfe and his posterity 8 But whatsoever may be thought of David or of his sonne the day of our Saviour's Resurrection may be as truly and properly called the day of his nativity as the day wherein he was borne of the blessed Virgin Mary This was his birth-day or nativity to his mortall life as he was the son of man that was the day of his nativity or begetting to immortality the birth-day of his Kingdome and royall Priesthood The most concludent testimony though least observed by most Interpreters is that of the Apostle before mentioned Heb. 5. v. 4. No man taketh this honour to wit of Priesthood but hee that is called of God as was Aaron So also Christ glorified not himselfe to be made an high Priest but hee that said unto him Thou art my Son to day have I begotten thee It was hee that did glorifie him with this title as he also saith in another place thou art a Priest forever after the order of Melchisedech The Apostles drift and meaning is that our Saviour did not intrude himselfe into the Priesthood but had as solemne a calling and Consecration â—o it by God his Father as Aaron had to the legall Priesthood by Moses And he did deprecate his calling or Consecration to this Priesthood more earnestly and fervently then any high Priest or Bishop did their Consecration Although they say Episcopari nolâ— they have no desire to be consecrated But sure our Saviour spake as hee meant when hee prayed unto his Father Father if it be possible let this cup passe from me Now thus he prayed after God had begun to anoint and bath him in his owne blood unto the Priesthood after the order of Melchisedech as Moses had anointed Aaron with the blood of beasts unto his legall Priesthood And this place of our Apostle concludes the point before handled to wit that our Saviour did begin his Priesthood after the order of Melchisedech from the day of his Resurrection for upon that day was the Psalmist's prophecy fulfilled Thou art my Son this day have I begotten thee 9 The fulfilling of this Oracle meant of David according to the literall according to the mysticall sense in Christ Iesu the Son of David is most divinely exprest by S. Luke Acts 3. 4. in which two Chapters many passages above all others in this sacred history are worthy of serious and frequent mediations specially in respect of the circumstances of time and some other occurrences The holy Ghost as it is at large related Chap. 2. had been first powred out upon Christ's Disciples a litle before the ordinary time of the morning's service or devotions at this solemne feast of Pentecost And upon the same day as 't is very probable from the first verse of the third Chapter Peter and Iohn went together unto the Temple at the houre of praiers being the ninth houre and bestowed a better almes upon a poore creeple then after many yeares profession of that poore trade he durst presume to begge at their hands or pray to God for 10 The ungainsayable truth of the miracle wrought upon this creeple by Peter and Iohn who had they been as ambitiously minded as their examiners might have challenged the glory of it to themselves did not so much grieve the Priests and captaines of the Temple with the Sadduces as that upon this occasion they taught the people and preached the Resurrection of the dead through Iesus Christ Chap. 4. ver 2. 3. Vpon this griefe conceived at first by some few there present the next morning the high Priest with the whole host of his assistants and kndred did injoyne these two Apostles not to teach at all or speake in the name of Iesus but upon that magnanimous reply whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more then unto God judge yee ver 19. made joyntly by Peter and Iohn to the high Priest's and Elders peremptory injunction being let goe they made report of the whole businesse with the successe unto their owne company who when they heard it lift up their voice to God with one accord and said Lord thou art God which hast made heaven and earth and the Sea and all that in them is who by the mouth of thy servant David hast said why did the heathen rage and the people imagine a vaine
the meate which perisheth but for that meate which endureth unto everlasting life which the Son of man shall give unto you For him hath God the Father sealed And againe ver 32. 33. Then Iesus said unto them Verily verily I say unto you Moses gave you not that bread from heaven but my Father giveth you the true bread from heaven For the bread of God is hee which cometh downe from heaven and giveth life unto the world And ver 35. I am the bread of life Hee that cometh to me shall never hunger And he that beleeveth on me shall never thirst In all these and the like passages whether avouched by our Saviour himselfe or by his Apostles after him we are taught no other Doctrine then the Prophet in his name and by his spirit had taught the people verse 3. Incline your eare and come unto me heare and your soule shall live and I will make an everlasting Covenant with you even the sure mercies of David Was this Covenant yet to make being made before first with Abraham then renewed with David The Apostle for conclusion tells us Heb. 11. v. 39. Neither Abraham nor any other of the Patriarchs or holy men though in their generations renowned for their faith did receive the promise and if not the promise then not the everlasting Covenant whereof the Prophet here speakes What was that The reall object of the Covenant or blessing promised But if it be demanded what this blessing promised was It was Christ Iesus not only as he was exhibited in the flesh but raised from the dead as is more largely declared in a treatise upon v. 40. Chap. 11. to the Heb. to be annexed unto this present Treatise 2 All this hath been implied or intimated before in that of our Apostle Heb. 5. And being made perfect he became the Author of eternall Salvation to all them that obey him v. 9. that is to reflect upon the Prophet Esay's expression of this mystery to all that incline their eares unto him and faithfully heare him THE EVERLASTING COVENANT taken in this sense that is for the everlasting blessednesse or that degree of blessednesse exprest in the Gospell is not actually made with any none are reall partakers of it but such as are true and lively members of Christ's body such members of it as Abraham and David were not before the Son of God the Son of David was consecrated to his everlasting Priesthood and Kingdome 3 According to the most strict and genuine sense of the Prophet and our Apostle's interpretation of it Christ Iesus being raised from the dead is the very Covenant it selfe For so the words of the Prophet and our Apostle's interpretation of them runne verbatim without any interruption or obliquitie in construction I will make an everlasting Covenant to wit the sure mercies of David or as the Latine more fully misericordias illas stabiles Davidis That these words directly signifie the Person of Christ and his benefits is most cleere from v. 4. Behold I have given him for a witnesse to the people a leader and commander to the people So that Christ is called the sare mercies of David because in him and through him all God's promises or mercies promised to David are Yea and Amen that is were actually perform'd and made everlasting not in promise only but in esse Betwixt the Hebrew Text and the seventy Interpreters whose translation S. Paul in the fore-cited place doth follow a meere Grammarian or curious critick might observe some variation in words yet no difference or diversity in sense worthy the notice of a true Linguist or rationall Divine The Apostle when hee avoucheth this propheticall Oracle Esay 55. 3. as a confirmation of the concludency of the former testimony out of Psal 2. Thou art my Son to day have I begotten thee omits the first part of it I will make an everlasting Covenant with you as being fully contained in the later part which is indeed an authentique exegeticall exposition of the former to wit God's promise or Oath to give this people and Nation in the time appointed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the holy and faithfull things of David saith our English But the full and punctual expression of our Apostles meaning will best appeare from the manner how he inferres that conclusion which he twise in this place avoucheth from the often mentioned place of the Prophet Isaiah For after that inference * v. 33. Thou art my Son this day have I begotten thee he addes for confirmation v. 34. 35. And as concerning that he raised him from the dead now no more to returne to corruption hee said on this wise I will give you the sure mercies of David Wherefore hee saith also in another Psalme ◠Thou shalt not suffer thine holy one to see corruption The briefe or extract of the Prophet Isaiah's meaning in S. Paul's construction is this THAT GOD BY RAISING VP CHRIST IESUS from the dead never to die againe did really exhibite or actually performe that Covenant made by Oath to David Psal 89. ver 28. My mercy will I keepe for him for evermore and my Covenant shall stand fast with him c. and v. 35. Once have I sworne by my holinesse that I will not faile David his seede shall endure for ever and his throne that is not the successive throne of David but the throne of David's SEED as the Sun before me 4 David in the dayes of his flesh did receive the the promise or Covenant if you take it in the active or formall signification as for promissio quâ Deus promitit or pactum quo Deus paciseitur but if wee take this promise or Covenant in the passive sense id est for the blessing promised or covenanted that was not perform'd till Christ was raised from the dead and glorified as it followes Esay 55. v. 5. In this sense Zacharias calls the exhibition of the promised seed though yet in the wombe the performance of the Oath which God had sworne to give unto Abraham and his offspring So that the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the faithfull things of David is contradistinct not to dissimulation or any suspicion of faining in the promiser but to the reversible or mutable state of the blessing promised It implies the immortalitie of the Son of David according to the flesh or the immutability of his holy Priesthood and Kingdome Briefly the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is equivalent and somewhat more then so unto the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as 't is used by S. Peter Epist 2. Chap. 1. Give all diligence to make your calling and election sure or rather firme and strong v. 10. in which place the word election must of necessitie be taken not in the formall or active sense but in the passive materiall or reall sense not for electio quâ Deus nos eligit but for the irreversible state in grace which is the effect
Creator both of sea and land The earth is the Lords and the fulnesse thereof the World and they that dwell therein for he hath founded it upon the seas that is in such a sense as wee say townes and cities are situated upon the rivers on whose bankes they stand and established it upon the flood ver 1. 2. Yet may we not deny that this Psalme may literally referre to the bringing in of the Arke into the hill of Sion and to the exhortation of the Psalmist to admit and entertaine it as the feat of the King of Glory God blessed for ever But this literall sense doth no way prejudice but rather strengthen the force of their argument who hence conclude the deity of the Son of God then admitted in triumph into the hill of Sion or the Tabernacle pitched in it according to his divine nature only this triumphant admission being a sure pledge or earnest of his future admission into his heavenly Sanctuary the place of his everlasting residency as Lord and Christ in our nature No man who acknowledgeth or rightly esteemeth the authority of the Psalmist unlesse abundance of wit hath besplitted his understanding can imagine that the King of Glory whom the Psalmist here mentioneth should be any other party or person besides the Son of God Christ Iesus whom the Iewes when he came to the materiall Temple or Tabernacle wherein his divine nature did in peculiar manner reside did not entertaine in such manner as David enjoyned their fore-Fathers to entertaine the Arke of his presence They would not acknowledge him to be their Messias because they knew him not nor the Scriptures which did foretell this his comming For as our Apostle with speciall reference to the words of this Psalmist teâ—s us had they knowne him to be that Lord of Glory unto whose honour David consecrated this hymne they would not have crucified him But by crucifying or rather by his humiliation of himselfe unto the death of the Crosse he was consecrated as man unto his everlasting Priesthood and made both Lord and King of Glory CHAP. 36. At what time and upon what occasions th 68 Psalme was composed What reference it hath in the generall unto our Saviour's Ascension ANother Psalme there is appointed by the wisedome of the ancient and continued by the discretion of the English Church even since the first reformation to be read or sung as a proper hymne to the festivall of our Saviour's Asoension A Psalme full of mysteries and divine raptures apt to enkindle our hearts with zeal and admiration could we find out or rightly seeke after either the historicall occasions which ministred the matter or ditty of this divine song or the severall parts of Scripture unto which most passages in it according to the literall or historicall sense doe respectively referre The occasion of composing the Psalme to wit 68. Some Iewish Rabbins conjecture to have been that glorious victory which Ezekiah or rather the Lord of hosts in Ezekiah's daies got over Senacherib and his mighty army But the most of the more judicious Christian Commentators with greater probability or discretion referre the occasion of composing this Psalme to that solemne translation of the Arke of God from Kyriath Iearim into Mount Sion at large described 2. Sam. 6. David gathered together all the chosen men of Israel thirty thousand And David arose and went with all the people that were with him from Baal of Iudah to bring up from thence the Arke of God whose name is called by the Lord of hosts that dwelleth betweene the Cherubbims or at which the name even the name of the Lord of hosts was called upon 2 This later opinion is in it selfe perswasible or rather deserves full credanee from the first words of the Psalme Let God arisâ— let his enemies be scattered let them also that hate him flee before him ver 1. These were verba solemnia the accustomed solemne forme of prayer used so often as the Arke of the Covenant which was to this people the most authentique pledge of God's peculiar presence and protection and for this reason called by his name did remove from one place to another during their pilgrimage in the wildernesse And they departed from the Mount of the Lord three daies journey And the Arke of the Covenant of the Lord went before them in the three daies journey to search out a resting place for them and the Cloud of the Lord was upon them by day when they went out of the Campe. And it came to passe when the Arke set forward that Moses said rise up Lord and let thine enemies be scattered and let them that hate thee flee before thee And when it rested hee said Returne O Lord unto the many thousands of Israel Numb 10. ver 33. 34. 35. 36. Moses prayed conceptis verbis that God would arise and take part with his people David out of the fresh experience of God's mighty protection over him his subjects and allies so long as they worshipped him in truth and syncerity in this symbole of his presence seemes to utter Moses song rather by way of congratulation for victories already gotten then by way of instant prayer for present assistance A great part of this most divine most sublime ditty is a recapitulation of the glorious victories which the God of Israel had purchased for his people and upon their deliverance out of Egypt and their other peculiar protections or succours which private men or women in their distresse had found when they were helplesse in the sight of men or oppressed by their neighbours Sing unto God sing praises to his name extoll him that rideth upon the heavens by his name Iah and reioyce before him A Father of the fatherlesse and a Iudge of the widowes is God in his holy Habitation God setteth the solitary in families he bringeth out those that are bound in chaines but the rebellious dwell in a dry land ver 4. 5. 6. The verses following referre to the publique deliverance out of Egypt and the majesticke apparitions about Mount Sinai O God when thou wentest forth before thy people when thou didst march through the wildernesse the earth shooke the heavens also dropped before the Lord even Sinai it selfe was moved at the presence of God the God of Israel c. 7. 8. Some good Interpreters here observe that the Arke itselfe is called Iehovah or the Lord God of Israel by the same forme of speech that the sacrament all pledges are called the one the Body the other the Blood of Christ 3 Now the sweet singer of Israel was confident that the God of their Fathers would be as gracious to himselfe to his people and their successors after he came to dwell in Mount Sinai as he had been to Moses and Ioshun in the wildernesse â—or unto Samuel while the Taber nacle was in Shiloh or elsewhere either in motion or pitched Hence sprung those encomiasticall expressions throughout the Psalme of the
darknesse made the morning of the first natural day God faith Moses divided the light from the darknesse and called the light day and the darknesse he called night and the evening and the morning were the first day As was the condition of this visible world or form lesse earth before the Creation of light or the division betwixt it and darknesse such altogether was the condition or state of the intellectuall world before it was new made or redeemed by the Son of God The corrupted masse of mankind was overspread with darknesse and covered with the mantle of Death but this long darknesse became more palpable then that of Egypt during the time of the Son of God's surprizall and his inclosure in the region of Death These were the houres wherein it was permitted the powers of darknesse to domineere but these powers were conquered and the darknesse dispelled by his Resurrection from Death which was on the same day and at the same houre wherein God the Father by him did first divide darknesse from light From this houre of his Resurrection the night is gone and the day is come as many as believe in him raised from death and adore the Son of righteousnesse who as the Apostle saith having abolished death brought life and immortalitie to light they are the Sons of God Heires of Glory but such as love darknesse more then the light of his gospel they must remaine the sons of darknesse and of death All this and more is implied in the circumstance of the time and place which the day and houre of his Resurection had in that holy weeke being the first houre of the first day The other mystery is implied in the circumstance of the time and place which the day of his Resurrection held in that solemne feast of unleavened bread 3 So it fell out by the sweet disposition of God's speciall providence that the day of our Saviour's Resurrection should for that yeare fall upon the second day of the Feast of unleavened bread or the morrow after the Sabbath of that great solemnity Now on that precise day the Israelites were peremptorily bound by a strict Law to offer up the first fruits as eares and blades of corne unto the Lord Lev. 23. 10. 11. When yee become into the land which I give unto you and shall reap the harvest thereof then ye shall bring a sheafe of the first fruits of your harvest unto the Priest and he shall wave the sheafe before the Lord to be accepted for you on the morrow after the Sabbath the Priest shall wave it From this peculiar reference or parallel of the circumstance of time between the day of our Saviour's Resurrection and the day appointed for this legall feast of offering the eares of corne The analogy or parallel between the Type and the substance is thus As the use of the corne was not allowable to the people untill some eares or blades of the same kind were offered up in sacrifice by the Priest unto the Lord So neither could the seed of Adam or of Abraham or of any man else seeing all had been sowen in corruption be either holy or acceptable to the Lord or partakers of his Table or prefence or put on incorruption untill the high Priest of our soules the Son of God had offered a sacrifice of the same kind to wit a body subject to like mortality as ours are untill it was consecrated to glory and immortality by the sufferings of Death 4 All were sanctified all were reconciled to God by this one oblation of himselfe as the first fruits of them that sleepe Yet even such as were upon the day of his Resurrection really sanctified and actually reconciled unto God the very Apostles themselves were not made up or wrought into one body or loafetill fifty daies after not until that very day wherein the new reaped corne made into bread was solemnly offered and presented to the Lord. Lev. 23. 15. 16. 17. And yee shall count unto you from the morrow after the Sabbath from the day that yee brought the sheafe of the wave offering seven daies shall be compleat even unto the morrow after the seventh Sabbath shall yee number fifty daies and yee shall offer a new meat offering unto the Lord yee shall bring out of your habitations two wave-loaves of two tenth deales they shall be of fine flowre they shall be baken with leaven they are the first fruits unto the Lord. The one holy Catholique Church and Communion of Saints which we professe in our Creed did not begin to be in esse as by God's helpe it shall appeare hereafter or heare true life untill the effusion of the holy Ghost which is the soule of the one holy Catholique Church or of the mystioall Body of Christ And that was upon the fiftieth day inclusively from the day whereon the eares of corne or sheafe of blades was offered unto the Lord. On that fiftieth day the holy Curch received the first fruits of the spirit it being likewise another solemne day appointed for the legall offering up of the first fruits 4 Thus much of the accomplishment of the Type of Ionas his imprisonment in the belly of the Whale and of the mysteries contained in those three speciall daies and nights or evenings and mornings wherein our Saviour was in the wombe of the earth and the time of his rising againe But the two former queries First what our Saviour's abode forty daies on the earth from his Resurrection to his Ascension or which is all one what the signe of Ionas did portend to this evill and adulterous generation of the Iewes Secondly how the space of his forty daies abode upon the earth after his Resurrection was prefigured are points worth the discussion and for ought I know will make the fittest Period of this long work concerning the knowledge of Christ and him crucified CHAP. 42. That the sentence proclaimed against Nineveh by the Prophet Ionas was in a full measure executed upon the adulterous Generation of the Iewes not believing or repenting at our Saviour's preaching THat a state so strong and mighty as Niniveh was then when Ionas was sent unto it should upon these or the like briefe Summons of a forrainer Yet fory daies and Niniveh shall be destroied be so deeply stricken on a suddaine with extreme feare of death and ruine Or that a Court so dissolute luxurious and proud as that Court was should so readily change their soft rayment into sackcloth and laying aside their perfumes and sweet odours as the Text saith the King himselfe did may well seeme a greater wonder to a Reader qui ad pauca respicit then God almost at any time had wrought in Israel But the strangenesse of the suddaine change perswades or rather assures me or any diligent Reader that the constant fame of Ionas his miraculous deliverance or escape out of the Whales belly had come before him into Niniveh and made way for the efficacy of