God the Sonne under-went had a cup mingled him of his Father more bitter than if all the evils in the world had beene strained in and he dranke it off heartily to the bottome but not a drop of sinne though sweetned with the offer of all the world would goe downe with him Thirdly other evils the Saints have chosen and imbraced as good and refused the greatest good things the world had as evill when they came in competition with sinne So Moses those rather to suffer much rather than to enjoy the pleasures of sinne Heb. 11. from 24. to 28. So Chrysostome when Eudoxia the Empresse threatned him goe tell her sayes he Nil nisi peccatum timeo I feare nothing but sinne Fourthly take the Devill himselfe whom you all conceive to be more full of mischiefe than all the evills in the world called therefore in the abstract spirituall wickednesse Eph. 6. 12. yet it was but sinne that first spoiled him and it is sinne possesseth the very devils he was a glorious Angell till he was acquainted with it and could there be a separation made betweene him and sinne he would be againe of as good sweet and amiable a nature as any creature in earth or heaven Fiftly Though other things are evill yet nothing makes the creature accursed but sinne as all good things in the world doe not make a man a blessed man so nor all the evills accursed God sayes not blessed are the honorable and the rich nor that accursed are the poore but cursed is the man that continues not in all things Gal. 3. 10. a curse to the least sinne and on the contrary blessed is the man whose iniquities are forgiven c. Rom. 4. 7. Sixtly God hates nothing but sinne Were all evills swept downe into one man God hates him not simply for them not because thou art poore and disgraced but onely because sinfull It is sin he hates Rev. 2. 15. Isa 27. 11. yea it alone and whereas other attributes are diversely communicated in their effects to severall things as his love and goodnesse Himselfe his Sonne his children have all a share in yet all the hatred which is as large as his love is solely poured out upon and wholly and limited onely unto sinne All the question will be what transcendencie of evill is in the essence of it that makes it above all other evills and hated and it onely by God Christ the Saints c. more than any other evill Why It is enmity with God Rom. 8. 7. abstracts we know speake essences the meaning is it is as directly contrary to God as any thing could be for contrary it is to God and all that is his As 1. contrary to his essence to his existence and being God for it makes men hate him Rom. 1. 30. and as he that hateth his brother is a murtherer 1 Ioh. 3. 15. so hee that hateth God may be said to be a murtherer of him and wisheth that he were not Peccutum est Dei-cidium 2. Contrary it is to all his attributes which are his name men are jealous of their names Gods name is himselfe as 1. It makes a man slight Gods goodnesse and to seeke happinesse in the creature as if hee were able to be happy without him And 2. it deposeth his soveraignty and sets up other Gods before his face 3. It contemns his truth power and justice And 4. turnes his grace into wantonnesse And as to himselfe so to what ever is his or deare to him Besides A King hath 3. things in an especiall manner deare to him His Lawes His favour it es his image stampt upon his coine and so hath God First his lawes and ordinances God never gave Law but it hath beene broken by sinne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is the definition of it The transgression of the Law 1 Ioh. 3. 4. yea it is called destroying the Law Psal 119. 126. And know that Gods Law the least tittle of it is more deare to him than all the world For ere the least tittle of it shall be broken heaven and earth shall passe The least sinne therefore which is a breach of the least law is worse than the destruction of the world and for his worship as envying God should have any it turns his ordinances into sinne Secondly for his favourites God hath but a few poore ones upon whom because God hath set his love sinne hath set its hatred Lastly for his image even in a mans owne breast the law of the members fights against the law of the mind and endevoureth to expell it though a man should be damned for it Gal. 5. 17. The flesh namely sinne lusteth against the Spirit for they are contraries Contrary indeed for me thinkes though it hates that image in others that yet it should spare it in a mans selfe out of self-love but yet though a man should be damned if this image be expelled it yet laboureth to doe this so deadly is that hatred a man hates himselfe as holy so farre as he is sinfull It abounds now so high as our thoughts can follow it no farther Divines say it aspires unto infinity the object against whom it is thus contrary unto being God who is infinite they tell us that objectively sinne it selfe is infinite Sure I am the worth of the object or party offended aggravates the offence an ill word against the King is high treason not the greatest indignity to another man Sure I also am that God was so offended with it as though he loves his Sonne as himselfe yet he though without sinne being but made sinne by imputation yet God spared him not and because the creatures could not strike a stroake hard enough he himselfe was pleased to bruise him Esay 53. 16. He spared not his owne Sonne Rom. 8. 32. His love might have overcome him to have passed by it to his Sonne at least a word of his mouth might have pacified him yet so great was his hatred of it and offence at it as he powred the vialls of his wrath on him Neither would entreaty serve for though he cryed with strong cryes it should passe from him God would not till he had out-wrastled it And as the person offended aggravates the offence as before so also the person suffering being God and man argues the abounding sinfulnesse of it For for what crime did you ever hear a King was put to death their persons being esteemed in worth above all crime as civill Christ was the King of Kings And yet there is one consideration more to make the measure of its iniquity fully full and to abound to flowing over and that is this that the least sinne virtually more or lesse containes all sinne in the nature of it I meane not that all are equall therefore I adde more or lesse and I prove it thus because Adam by one offence contracted the staine of all no sooner did one sinne seaze upon his heart but he had all sinnes in him And
dung Mal. 2. 3. and a menstruom cloath yet thou owest it already as thou art a creature and one debt cannot pay another If then we should goe a begging to all the Angels who never sinned let them lay all their stock together it would begger them all to pay for one sinne no it is not the merit of Angels will doe it for sinne is the transgression the destruction of the Law Psal 109. 1. and the least 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is more worth than heaven and all that is therein Onely though it be thus unconquerably sinfull by all created powers it hath not gone beyond the price that Christ hath paid for it the Apostle compares to this very purpose sinne and Christs righteousnesse together Rom. 5. 15 20. 'T is true sayes hee that sinne abounds and that one sinne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and instanceth in Adams sinne which staineth all mens natures to the end of the world yet sayes he the gift of righteousnesse by Christ abounds much more abounds to flowing over 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sayes the Apostle 1 Tim. 1. 14. as the sea doth above mote-hills Malach. 7. 14. Though therefore it would undoe all the Angels yet Christs riches are unsearchable Eph. 3. 8. hee hath such riches of merit as are able to pay all thy debts the very first day of thy mariage with him though thou hadst beene a sinner millions of yeares afore the creation to this day and when that is done there is enough left to purchase thee more grace and glory than all the Angels have in heaven In a word he is able to save to the utmost all that come to God by him Heb. 7. 5. let their sins be what they will But then wee must come to him and to God by him and take him as our Lord and King and head and husband as he is freely tendered we must be made one with him and have our hearts divorced from all our sinnes for ever And why not now doe we yet look for another Christ and to allude to us as Naomi said to Ruth Is there yet any more sonnes in my wombe that they may be your husbands So say I Hath God any more such sonnes or is not this Christ good enough or are we afraid of being happy too soon in being married to him But yet if we will have Christ indeed without whom we are undone how shall we thou continue in sinne which is thus above measure sinfull no not in one The Apostle speaks there in the language of impossibility and inconsistencie Christ and the raigne of one sinne they cannot stand together And indeed wee will not so much as take Christ untill first wee have seene more or lesse this vission here and sinne appear to us as to him above measure sinfull naturally we slight it and make a mock of and account it precisenesse to stick and make conscience of it but if once sinne thus appeares to any but in its owne colours that man will looke upon the least sinne then as upon hell it selfe and like a man affrighted feare in all his wayes lest he should meet with sinne and starts at the very appearance of it he weepes if sinne doe but see him and hee doe but see it in himselfe and others and cryes out as Ioseph did How shall I doe this and sinne and then a man will make out for Christ as a condemned man for life as a man that can no longer live oh give me Christ or else I die and then if upon this Christ appeares to him and manifests himselfe as his promise is to thē that seek him Ioh. 14. 21. his heart thereupon will much more detest and loathe it he saw it evill afore Out then it comes to have a new tincture added which makes it infinitely more sinfull in his eyes for he then lookes upon every sinne as guilty of Christs bloud as dyed with it though covered by it the grace of God appearing teacheth us to deny all ungodlinesse and worldly lusts The love of Christ constraines him Thinkes he Shall I live in that for which Christ died shall that be my life which was his death did he that never knew sinne undergoe the torment for it and shall I be so unkinde as to enjoy the pleasure of it No but as David when hee was very thirstie and had water of the well of Bethleem brought him with the hazard of mens lives powred it on the ground for sayes hee It is the blood of these men So sayes he even when the cup of pleasures is at his very lips It cost the blood of Christ and so pours it upon the ground And as the love of Christ constraines him so the power of Christ doth change him Kings may pardon Traytors but they cannot change their hearts but Christ pardons none hee doth not make new creatures and all old things passe away because he makes them friends favourites to live with and delight in and if men put on Christ and have learned him as the truth is in Iesus they put off as concerning the former conversation the old man with the deceitfull lusts and he ceaseth from sinne that is from the course of any knowne sin they are the Apostles owne words which shall judge us and if we should expect salvation from him upon any other termes we are deceived for Christ is author of salvation to them onely that obey him Heb. 5. 9. AGGRAVATIONS OF SINNING AGAINST KNOWLEDGE BY THO GOODWIN B. D. LONDON Printed by M. F. for Iohn Rothwell 〈…〉 be sold at the Sun in Pauls Church 〈…〉 M DC XXXVII Contents of Aggravation of sinning against knowledge Doct. TO sinne against knowledge is the highest aggravation of sinning page 34 1. Demonstrations of the point by comparing it with other kinds of sinning 36 How much sins against knowledge doe transcend sins of ignorance 37 1. In sins of ignorance there may be a supposition if he had known it he would not have done it but not so in these ibid. 2. The vast difference between them appears in the repentance God accepts for each a generall repentance for the one not so for the other 39 3. Some kinds of sinning against knowledge exclude from mercy which done ignorantly leave a capacity of it 40 4. Sinning against knowledge is the highest but that of sinning against the holy Ghost 41 6. Reasons 1. Because knowledge is the greatest mercy 42 2. Knowledge is the immediate guide of men in all their waies a man sins against his guide 43 That knowledge is so proved in that an erroneous conscience binds 45 3. Reason Knowledge layeth a further obligation to obedience ibid. Lawes come in force when promulged 46 4. There is the more contempt cast on the law 47 5. In sins against knowledge the will of the sinner closeth more with sin as sin ibid. 6. In sinning against knowledge a man condemnes himselfe 48 Three things handled concerning sins against knowledge ibid.
AGGRAVATION OF SINNE AND SINNING Against KNOWLEDGE MERCIE Delivered in severall Sermons upon divers occasions BY THO GOODVVIN B. D. LONDON Printed by M. Flesher for Iohn Rothwell and are to be sold at his Shop at the signe of the Sun in Pauls Churchyard MDCXXXVII AGGRAVATION OF SINNE BY THO GOODWIN B. D. LONDON Printed by M. F. for Iohn Rothwell and are to be sold at the Sun in Pauls Church-yard M DC XXXVII A TABLE OF THE CONTENTS OF the Aggravation of sin THe subject is the sinfulnesse of sin page 2. The mischievous effects of the evill of sin ibid. 1. It hath debased the soule ibid. 2. It defiles the soule 1. In an instant 2. Totally 3. Eternally 3 3. It robs the soule of the image of God 4 4. It robs a man of God himselfe 5 5. It was the first founder of hell 6 The essence of sin is the cause of all these evills ibid. Sin an evill that contains all the evils in the world 7 1. It is the cause of sorrowes and diseases and all evills ibid. 2. There is some peculiar mischief in sin not found in other evils as appears in divers instances 8 Quest What transcendencie of evill is in the essence of sin that makes it above all other evill 10 Answ It is contrary to God and all that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1. It is contrary to his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 being ibid. being ibid. 2. It is contrary to all his attributes which are his name is to himselfe and what ever is his ibid. 1. To his lawes and ordinances 2. To his favourites 3. To his image in mans owne breast 11 Sinfulness of sin aggravated from the person suffering being God and man 12 The least sin virtually more or lesse containes all sin in the nature of it proved ibid. Every sin inclines our nature more to sin 13 Sin containes not onely all other evils in it but also all of its owne kind ibid. Sinne a perfect evill ibid. Reasons why sin is the chiefest evill 1. Because it is simply to be avoided for its selfe 2. Because there can be no worse punishment than it selfe 3. Because it cannot have a worse epithete given it than it selfe 14 Use Wonder at the abounding nature of sin 15 Examine our owne estates ibid. Quest When a mans sins may be said to be his own Answ 1. Then he commits sin out of his owne 2. Then he hates it not but loves it 3. Then he nourisheth it cherisheth it 4. Then he provides for it 5. Then he lives in sin 17 Use 2. Consider the punishment of sin is out of measure fearfull 18 It containes all miseries in it 19 What the damned speake of sinne in hell ibid. Use 3. Onely Iesus Christ can conquer sin 21 Christs righteousnesse abounds sins sinfulnesse 22 Come to God through Christ and take him to be our Lord and King 23 Sinne and Christ cannot stand together ibid. We will not take Christ while sin appears sinfull to us ibid. IMPRIMATUR THO WEEKES R. P. Ep o Lond. Cap. Domest AGGRAVATION OF SINNE ROM 7. 13. Was that then which is good made death unto mee God forbid But sinne that it might appeare sin working death in mee by that which is good that sinne by the commandement might become exceeding sinfull WEE finde our Apostle in the 9. verse to have been alive but struck upon the sudden dead by an apparition presented to him in the glasse of the law of the sinfulnesse of sinne Sin revived sayes the 9. verse appeared to be sinne sayes the 13. verse lookes but like it selfe above measure sinfull and hee falls downe dead at the very sight of it I dyed sayes he in the 9. it wrought death in me sayes the 13. that is an apprehension of death and hell as due to that estate I was then in But yet as the life of sinne was the death of Paul so this death of his was but a preparation to a new life I through the Law and dead to the Law that I might live to God Gal. 2. 19. and here hee likewise speakes of Gods worke upon him at his first conversion for then it was that hee relates how sinne became in his esteeme so above measure sinfull The subject then to be insisted on is the sinfulnesse of sinne a subject therefore as necessary as any other because if ever we be saved sinne must first appeare to us all as it did here to him above measure sinfull And first because all knowledge begins at the effects which are obvious to sense and interpreters of the nature of things therefore wee will begin this Demonstration of the evill of sin from the mischievous effects it hath filled the world withall it having done nothing but wrought mischiefe since it came into the world and all the mischiefe that hath beene done it alone hath done but especially towards the poore soule of man the miserable subject of it Which first it hath debased the soule of man the noblest creature under heaven and highest allyed made to be a companion fit for God himselfe but sinne hath stript it of its first native excellency as it did Reuben Gen. 49. 41. debased the soule more worth than all the world as Christ himselfe saith that onely went to the price of it yet sinne hath made it a drudge and slave to every creature it was made to rule therefore the Prodigall as a type is said to serve swine and feed on huskes so as every vanity masters it Therefore we find in Scripture that men are said to be servants to wine Tit. 2. 3. servants to riches and divers lusts c. And hence it is that shame attends upon it Rom. 6. 21. Now shame ariseth out of an apprehension of some excellencie debased and by how much the excellencie is greater by so much is the shame the greater and therefore unutterable confusion will one day befall sinners because sinne is the debasement of an unvaluable excellencie Secondly it not onely debaseth it but defiles it also and indeed there was nothing else that could defile it Mat. 15. 20. for the soule is a most pure beame bearing the image of the Father of lights as farre surpassing the sinne in purenesse as the sunne doth a clod of earth and yet all the dirt in the world cannot defile the sunne all the clouds that seeke to muffle it it scatters them all but sinne hath defiled the soule yea one sinne the least defiles it in an instant totally eternally First one sinne did it in the fall of Adam Rom. 5. 17. one offence polluted him and all the world Now suppose you should see one drop of darknesse seazing on the sunne and putting out that light and eye of heaven and to loosen it out of the orbe it moves in and cause it to drop downe a lump of darknesse you would say it were a strange darknesse this sinne did then in the soule to which yet the sunne is but as a Taper Secondly it
the 5. verse he goes to view the Rules I will get me to the great men for these have knowne the way of the Lord and when he saw that these had broken the bands then how shall I pardon thee for this So is it in his judgement towards a particular man when God lookes downe upon a man and sees him in his courses exceeding loose and wicked hee lookes first upon those rude affections in him which are uncleane profane debaucht greedy of all wickednesse Ay but sayes he these are foolish of themselves but I will looke upon his understanding and upon the superiour faculties which are the guides of these affections and see what they dictate to these unruly affections to restraine them And when he findes that the guides themselves are enlightned and have knowne the way of the Lord and that the will and the affections though informed with much knowledge yet break all bands then how shall I pardon thee Thee who art a knowing drunkard and a knowing unclean person c. so as thus to sin aggravates and maketh sin out of measure sinfull Now that knowledge and reason is a mans guide will further appeare by this That even erroneous knowledge doth put an obligation a bond and a tye upon a man which can be in no other respect but because knowledge is appointed to be a mans guide Thus if a man thinkes a thing which is in it selfe common and indifferent to be a sinne and forbidden as Rom. 14. 4. although the Law forbids it not yet to him it is uncleane though in Christ it is not uncleane that is by the Law of Christ For this his knowledge and judgement of the thing hath to him the force of a Law for it propounds it to him as a Law and as from God which reason of his God hath appointed as his immediate guide and the will is to follow nothing that is evill which is represented to it as evill this is the Law of meere nature in all conditions therefore if a man should doe an action which is in it self good if he thought it to be evill he should sinne and so è contra for he goes against the dictate of nature So that erroneous knowledge though against the Law is a law to me though not per se yet per accidens Now therefore if to go against a false light of conscience be yet a sinne though it proves that the commandement allowes the thing was done and was for it then to go against the true light of the Law how sinfull is it Againe thirdly the knowledge of the law binds the person so much the more to obedience by how much the more he knowes it so as though it would be a sinne when he knowes not the Law to transgresse it yet when he knowes it it is a greater sinne 'T is true indeed that conscience and the Law when they meet make up but one Law not two distinct Laws and therefore in sinning against knowledge though a man doth not commit two distinct sinnes yet the knowledge of it doth adde a further degree of sinfulnesse to it As a cloath is the same cloath when it is white that it was when it is dyed with a scarlet dye yet then it hath a dye a tincture given it which is more worth than the cloath and so when you sinne not knowing the Law the sin is the same for substance it would be if you had known it yet that knowledge dyes it makes it a scarlet sinne as Esay speaks farre greater and deeper in demerit than the sinne it selfe and the ground of this is because Lawes then come to be in force when they are promulged and made known so as the more they are promulged and knowne the more is the force of their binding and so the greater guilt Therefore Deut. 11. 12. 3. 8. God straitens the cords more the binding force of the law more upon those Jewes consciences to whom he at the first personally with majesty had promulgated it than upon their children though upon theirs also Now if all Gods Lawes being made knowne to Adam binde us and are in force and this when we know them not then if we do know them or might know them they binde much more and still the more clearely wee know them the obligation increaseth and the guilt insuing with it and the rather because now when wee come to know them they are anew promulged in a way of a peculiar mercie wee having defaced the knowledge of them in our fall Fourthly when the Law being knowne is broken there is the more contempt cast upon the Law and the Law-giver also and so a higher degree of sinning And therefore Numbers 15. 30. He that sinnes out of knowledge is said to reproach the Lord and to despise the word And therefore Saul sinning against knowledge Samuel calleth it rebellion and though it were but in a small thing yet he parallels it with witchcraft So also Iob 24. 13. they are said to rebell when they sinne against light because rebellion is added to disobedience For knowledge is an Officer set to see the Law executed and fulfilled and makes God present to the conscience Therefore Rom. 2. 14. it is called a witnesse and therefore in sinning against knowledge men are said to sinne before the face of the Lord himselfe now what a great contempt is that Therefore also Psal 50. the hypocrite sinning against knowledge is said to cast the law of God behind his back so as there is a contempt in this sinning which is in no other Fiftly the more knowledge a man sinneth against the more the will of the sinner is discovered to be for sinne as sinne Now voluntarium est regula mensur a actionum moralium willingnesse in sinning is the standard and measure of sinnes The lesse will the lesse sinne so much is cut off the lesse the will closeth with it at least wise so much is added by how much the will is more in it and therefore the highest degree of sinning is exprest to us by sinning willingly and this after knowledge Heb. 10. Now though an ignorant man commits the act as willingly as when Paul persecuted the Church yet he commits it not considered as sinne till he hath the knowledge of it but then when it is discovered to be sinne and the more clearely it is so discovered the will may be said to joyn with it as sinne Therefore the Apostle sayes To him that knowes to doe well and doth it not to him it is sinne Iames 4. 17. because by his knowledge the thing is represented as sinne and so he closeth with it the more under that notion and apprehension Sixtly in sinning against knowledge a man condemns himselfe but when out of ignorance meerely the Law onely doth condemne him So Rom. 2. 1. A man having knowledge in that wherein hee judgeth another he condemneth himselfe So Rom. 14. Now as self-murder is
the highest degree of murder and an aggravation of it so self-condemning must needs be reckoned God tooke it as a great advantage over him that hid his talent that out of thine owne mouth I will condemne thee thou wicked servant The doctrine being thus proved First I will explaine what it is to sin against knowledge Secondly I will give the aggravations of it Thirdly I will give rules to measure sinnes of knowledge by and the greatnesse of them in any act Lastly the use of all For the first what it is to sinne against knowledge First to explaine it I premise these distinctions The first distinction That it is one thing to sinne with knowledge another thing against knowledge There are many sinnes doe passe from a man with his knowledge which yet are not against knowledge This is to be observed for the removall of a scruple which may arise in some that are godly who else may be wounded with this doctrine through a mistake A regenerate man is and must needs be supposed guilty of more knowne sinnes than an unregenerate man and yet he commits fewer against knowledge than he First I say hee is guilty of more knowne sinnes For he takes notice of every sinfull disposition that is stirring in him every by-end every contrariety unto holinesse deadnesse to duty reluctancie to spirituall duties and when regenerated beginneth to see and know more evill by himselfe than ever he did before he fees as the Apostle sayes of himselfe Rom. 7. 10. all concupiscence and the holier a man is the more he discernes and knowes his sins So sayes the Apostle Rom. 7. 18. I know that in me dwels no good thing And ver 21. I finde when I would doe good evill is present with me And 23. I see another law All these he sayes he perceived and found daily in himselfe and the more holy that he grew the more he saw them For the purer and clearer the light of Gods Spirit shines in a man the more sinnes he knowes he will see lusts steaming up flying in his heart like moates in the sun or sparkes out of a furnace which else he had not seene the clearer the sun-beame is which is let into the heart the more thou wilt see them But yet in the second place I adde that neverthelesse he sinnes lesse against knowledge For then wee are properly said to sinne against knowledge when wee doe take the fulfilling of a lust or the performance of an outward action a dutie or the like into deliberation and consideration and consider motives against the sinne or to the dutie and yet commit that sinne yeeld to it and nourish that lust and omit that dutie Here now we sinne not onely with knowledge but against knowledge because knowledge stept in and opposed us in it comes to interrupt and prevent us but now in those failings in dutie and stirring of lusts in the regenerate afore mentioned the case is otherwise they are committed indeed with knowledge but not against it For it is not in the power of knowledge to prevent them for motus primo primi non cadunt sub libertatem but yet though such sinnes will arise againe and againe yet sayes a good heart they must not think to passe uncontrouled and unseene Therefore let not poore soules mistake me as if I moant throughout this discourse of all sins which are knowne to be sinnes but I meane such sinnes as are committed against knowledge that is when knowledge comes and examines a sinne in or before the committing of it brings it to the Law contests against it condemnes it and yet a man approveth it and consenteth to it when a dutie and a sinne are brought before knowledge as Barrabas and Christ afore Pilate and thy knowledge doth againe and againe tell thee such a sinne is a great sinne and ought to be crucified and yet thou cryest let it goe and so for the duty it tels thee again and againe it ought to be submitted unto and yet thou omittest it and committest the sin choosest Barrabas rather than Christ these are sinnes against knowledge now such sins against knowledg break a mans peace and the more consideration before had the more the peace is broken The second distinction is that men sinne against knowledg either directly or collaterally objectively or circumstantially First directly when knowledge it selfe is the thing men abuse or fight against becommeth the object the terminus the butt and mark shot at this is to sin directly against knowledge it selfe The second way collaterally is when knowledge is but a circumstance in our sinnes so as the pleasure of some sinne we know to be a sin is the thing aimed at that our knowledge steps but in between to hinder us in it and we commit it notwithstanding though we doe know it here knowledge is indeed sinned against yet but collaterally and as a stander by but as a circumstance onely shot at per accidens concomitanter and by the by as one that steps in to part a fray is smitten for labouring to hinder them in their sin as the Sodomiâ—es quarrelled with Lot they are both found in this Chapter and therefore come fitly within the compasse of this discourse First This collaterall kinde of sinning against knowledge is mentioned in the 21. verse where he saies They knew God yet they glorified him not there knowledge is made but a circumstance of their sinning they sinned against it but collaterally But then that other kind of sinning directly against knowledge is mentioned ver 28. They liked not to retaine God in their knowledge that is they hated this knowledge it selfe so as now they did not onely love sin they knew to be sin but also they loved not the knowledge of it so that because both are thus clearly instanced in wee will speake of both more largely Now sinnes directly against knowledge it selfe are many I will reduce the chiefe heads of them into two branches First in regard of our selves Secondly in regard of others First in regard of our selves five wayes we may thus sin against knowledge it selfe First when we abuse knowledge to helpe us to sinne as first to plot and contrive a sin as Iudas plotted to betray his Master if hee could conveniently so the text sayes Mark 14. 11. hee would doe it wisely and thus those that came to intrap Christ with most cunning questions did sinne and those who plot against the just as Psal 37. 12. So secondly when men use their wisedoms to tell a cunning lye to cover a sin as Plato sayes men of knowledge sunt ad mendacia potentiores sapientiores whereas fooles though they would lye yet often tell truth ere they are aware But also thirdly when they abuse morall knowledge which yet as Aristotle sayes is least apt to be I am sure should least be abused so as to make a shew of
defiles it thus in an instant Take the most glorious Angell in heaven and let one of the least sinnes seaze upon his heart he would in an instant fall downe from heaven stript of all his glory the ugliest creature that ever was beheld you would count that the strongest of all poysons that would poyson in an instant as Nero boiled a poison to that height that it killed Germanicus as soone as he received it now such an one is sinne Thirdly sinne defiles it totally it rests not in one member onely but beginning at the understanding eates into the will and affections soaks through all Those diseases we account strongest which seaze not on a joynt or a member onely but strikes rottennesse through the whole body Fourthly it defiles eternally it being aterna macula a staine which no nitre or sope or any creature can wash out Ier. 2. 21. There was once let in a deluge of water and the world was all overflow'd with it it washed away sinners indeed but not one sinne And the world shall be a fire again at the latter day and all that fire and these flames in hell that follow shall not purge out one sinne Thirdly it hath robbed the soule of the image of God deprived us of the glory of God Rom. 3. 23. the image of Gods holinesse which is his beauty and ours wee were beautifull and all glorious once within which though but an accident is more worth than all mens soules devoid of it it being a likenesse unto God a divine nature without which no man shall see God Though man in Innocency had all perfections united in him via eminentiae that are to be found in other creatures yet this was more worth than all for all the rest made him not like to God as this did without which all Paradise could not make Adam happy which when he had lost he was left naked though those his other perfections remained with him which is profitable for all things as the Apostle sayes The least dramme of which the whole world emballanced with would be found too light without which the glorious Angels would be damned devills the Saints in heaven damned ghosts this it hath robbed man of Fourthly it hath robbed man even of God himselfe Your sinnes separate sayes God betwixt you and me and therefore they are said to live without God in the world and in robbing a man of God it robs him of all things for all things are ours but so farre as God is ours of God whose face makes heaven he is all in all his loving kindnesse is better than life and containeth beauty honours riches all yea they are but a drop to him But its mischiefe hath not staid here but as the Leprosie of the Lepers in the old Law sometimes infected their houses garments so it hath hurld confusion over all the world brought a vanitie on the creature Rom. 8. 23. and a curse and had not Christ undertooke the shattered condition of the world to uphold it it had fallen about Adams cares And though the old walls and ruinous palace of the world stands to this day yet the beauty the glosse and glory of the hangings is soyled and marred with many imperfections cast upon every creature But as the house of the Leper was to be pulled downe and Traitors houses use to be made jakes so the world if Christ had not stept in had shrunke into its first nothing and you will say that is a strong carrion that retaines not onely infection in it selfe but infects all the aire about so this that not the soule the subject of it onely but all the world Lastly it was the first founder of hell and laid the first corner stone thereof sinne alone brought in and filled that bottomlesse gulfe with all the fire and brimstone and treasures of wrath which shall never be burnt and consumed And this crucified and pierced Christ himselfe poured on him his Fathers wrath the enduring of which for sinne was such as that all the Angels in heaven had crackt and sunke under it But yet this estimate is but taken from the effects of it the essence of it which is the cause of all these evills must needs have much more mischiefe in it Shall I speak the least evill I can say of it It conteins all evills als◠in it therefore Iames 1. 23. the Apostle calls it filthinesse and abundance of superfluitie or excrement as it were of naughtinesse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 As if so transcendent that if all evills were to have an excrement a scumme a superfluitie sinne is it as being the abstracted quintessence of all evill An evill which in the nature and essence of it virtually and eminently containes all evills of what kinde soever that are in the world Insomuch as in the Scriptures you shall finde that all the evills in the world serve but to answer for it and to give names to it Hence sinne it is called poyson and sinners serpents sinne is called a vomit sinners dogs sinne the stench of graves and they rotten sepulchres sinne mire sinners sowes and sinne darknesse blindnesse shame nakednesse folly madnesse death whatsoever is filthy defective infective painfull Now as the holy Ghost sayes of Nabal as is his name so is he so may wee say of sinne for if Adam gave names to all things according to their nature much more God who calls things as they are Surely God would not slander sinne though it be his onely enemie And besides there is reason for this for it is the cause of all evills God sowed nothing but good seed in the world He beheld and saw all things were very good It is sinne hath sowne the tares all those evills that have come up sorrowes and diseases both unto men and beasts Now whatsoever is in the effect is via eminentiae in the cause Surely therefore it is to the soule of man the miserable vessell and subject of it all that which poyson death and sicknesse is unto the other creatures and to the body and in that it is all these to the soule it is therefore more than all these to it for corruptio optimi pessima by how much the soule exceeds all other creatures by so much must sinne which is the corruption poyson death and sicknesse of it exceed all other evills But yet this is the least ill that can be said of it There is 2. some further transcendent peculiar mischiefe in it that is not to be found in all other evills as will appeare in many instances For first all other evills God proclaimes himselfe the author of and ownes them all though sinne be the meritorious cause of all yet God the efficient and disposing cause There is no evill in the City but I have done it He onely disclaimeth this Iam. 1. 13. as a bastard of some others breeding for he is the Father of lights ver 17. Secondly the utmost extremity of the evill of punishment
so every sinne in us by a miraculous multiplication inclines our nature more to every sinne than it was before it makes the pollution of nature of a deeper dye not onely to that species of sinne whereof it is the proper individuall act but to all else as bring one candle into a roome the light spreads all over and then another the light is all over more increased So it is in sinne for the least cuts the soule off from God and then it is ready to goe a whoring after every vanity that will entice it or entertaine it And this shewes the fulnesse of the evill of it in that it containes not onely all other evills in the world in it but also all of its owne kinde As you would count that a strange poyson the least drop of which containes the force of all poyson in it That a strange disease the least infection whereof brought the body subject to all diseases yet such an one is sinne the least making the soule more prone and subject to all And now you see it is a perfect evill and though indeed it cannot be said to be the chiefest in that full sense wherein God is said to be the chiefest good because if it were as bad as God is good how could he pardon it subdue it bring it to nothing as he doth and then how could it have addition to it one sin being more sinfull than another Ezek. 8. 15. Iohn 19. 11. But yet it hath some analogie of being the chiefest evill as God the chiefest good For 1. as God is the chiefest good who therefore is to be loved for himselfe and other things but for his sake so also in sin the chiefest evill because it is simply to be avoided for its selfe but other evills become good yea desirable when compared with it Secondly as God is the chiefest good because he is the greatest happinesse to himselfe so sin the greatest evill to it selfe for there can be no worse punishment of it than its selfe therefore when God would give a man over as an enemie he meanes never to deale withall more he gives him up to sinne And thirdly it is so evill as it cannot have a worse Epithete given it than it selfe and therefore the Apostle when he would spek his worst of it and wind up his expression hightest usque ad hyperbolem calls it by its own name sinfull sinne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rom. 7. 13. that as in God being the greatest good quicquid est in Deo est Deus ipse therefore his attributes and names are but himselfe idem praedicatur de seipso so it is with sinne quicquid est in peccato peccatum est c. he can call it no worse than by its owne name sinfull sinne USE AND what have I beene speaking of all this while Why but of one sinne in the generall nature of it There is not a man here but hath millions of them as many as the sands upon the Sea shore yea as there would be Atomes were all the world pounded to dust it exceeds in number also and therefore ere we goe any further let all our thoughts break off here in wonderment at the abounding of sinne above all things else for other things if they be great they are but a few if many they are but small the world t is a big one indeed but yet there is but one the sands though innumerable yet they are but small your sinfulnesse exceeds in â—oth And next let all our thoughts be wound up to the most deepe and intense consideration of our estates for if one sin abounds thus what tongue can expresse or heart can conceive their misery who to use the Apostles phrase 1 Cor. 15. are yet in their sinnes that is stand bound to God in their owne single bond onely to answer for all their sinnes themselves and cannot in the estate wherein yet they stand of impenitencie and unbeleefe plead the benefit of Christs death to take off and ease them of the guilt of one sinne but all their sinnes are yet all their owne which to a man in Christ they are not for his owne bonds are cancelled and given in and Christ entred into bonds for him and all his sins translated upon him Now for a proper character of their estate and sutable to this expression First then a mans sinnes may be said to be still his owne when he committeth sinne out of his owne that is the full frame and inclination of his heart Thus the devill is said to sinne Ioh. 8. 44. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 out of his owne the whole frame of his spirit is in it which a man in Christ cannot be so fully said to doe for hee hath a new creature in him that sinneth not 1 Ioh. 3. 1 9. that can say even when he sins It is not I but sinne And secondly then sinne is a mans owne when he hates it not but loves it The world loves his owne saith Christ Ioh. 15. 29. and so doth a wicked man his sinne more than any good which is Davids character Psal 52. 3. And thirdly what is a mans owne he nourisheth and cherisheth therefore Eph. 5. 19. No man hates his owne flesh but loveth it and cherisheth it so doe men their sinnes when they are their owne Those great and rich oppressors Iam. 5. 5. are said to nourish their hearts in wantonnes and in pleasure as in a day of slaughter as living upon the creame of sinning and having such plenty they pick out none but the sweetest bits to nourish their hearts withall 4. So what a man provides for that is his own so sayes the Apostle A man that provides not for his owne is worse c. When therefore men make provision for the flesh as the phrase is Rom. 13. 14. have their Caterers and contrivers of their lusts and whose chiefest care is every morning what pleasures of sinne they have that day to be enjoyed it is a signe that their sins are their owne In a word when men live in sinne 't is the expression used 1 Tim. 5. 6. She that lives in pleasure is dead while she lives When the revenewes of the comfort of mens lives come in from the pleasures of sinne and that supplies them with all those necessaries that belong to life as when 't is their element they drink in like water their meat they eate the bread of wickednesse Prov. 1. 7. and it goes downe and troubleth them not their sleepe also they cannot sleepe till they have done or contrived some mischiefe ver 16. their apparell as when violence and oppression covers them as a garment and pride compasseth them as a chaine Psal 73. their recreation also It is a pastime for a foole to doe wickedly he makes sport and brags of it Prov. 10. 23. yea their health being sick and discontented when their lusts are not satisfied as Ahab was for Naboths vineyard Amnon grew leane when hee
could not enjoy his Paramore All these as they live in their sins here and so are dead whilest they live and so are miserable making the greatest evill their chiefest good so when they come to die as we all must doe one day and how soone and how suddenly we know not wee carry our soules our precious soules as precious water in a brittle glasse soone cracked and then we are spilt like water which none can gather up againe or but as a candle in a paper lanthorne in clay walls full of cranyes often but a little cold comes in and blowes the candle out and then without a through change of heart before wrought from all sinne to all godlinesse they will die in their sinnes And all and the utmost of all miseries is spoken in that one word and therefore Christ when he would summe up all miseries in one expression tells the Pharisees they should die in their sins Iohn 8. 28. Vse 2. ANd let us consider further that if sin be thus above measure sinfull that Hell that followeth death is then likewise above measure fearful And so it is intimated to be a punishment without measure Ier. 30. 11. compared with Isa 27. Punish them as I punish thee sayes God to his owne but I will punish thee in measure And indeed sinne being committed against God the King of Kings it can never be punished enough But as the killing of a King is amongst men a crime so hainous that no tortures can exceed the desert of it we use to say all torments are too little any death too good for such a crime Now peccatum est Dei 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as I said before a destroying God as much as in us lies and therefore none but God himselfe can give it a full punishment therefore it is called a falling into Gods hands Heb. 10. 31. which as he sayes there is fearfull For if his breath blowes us to destruction Iob 4. 9. for we are but dust heaps yea his nod he nods to destruction Psal 80. 16. then what is the weight of his hands even of those hands which span the heavens and hold the earth in the hollow of them and if God take it into his hands to punish he will be sure to doe unto the full Sinne is mans worke and punishment is Gods and God will shew himselfe as perfect in his worke as man in his If sinne be malum catholicum as hath been said that containes all evils in it then the punishment God will inflict shall be malum catholicum also containing in it all miseries it is a cup full of mixture so called Psal 75. 8. as into which God hath strained the quintessence of all miseries and the wicked of the earth must drink the dregges of it though it be eternity unto the bottome And if one sin deserves a hell a punishment above measure what will millions of millions doe And we reade that every sinne shall receive a just recompence Heb. 2. 3. oh let us then take heed of dying in our sinnes and therefore of living in them for we shall lie in prison till we have paid the very utmost farthing And therefore if all this that I have said of it wil not engender answerable apprehensions of it in you this being but painting the toad which you can look upon and handle without affrightment I wish that if without danger you could but lay your eares to hell that standing as it were behind the skreene you might heare sinne spoken of in its owne dialect by the oldest sonnes of perdition there to heare what Cain sayes of murthering his brother Abel what Saul of his persecuting David and the Priests of Iehovah what Balaam and Achitophel say of their cursed counsels and policies what Ahab sayes of his oppression of Naboth what Iudas of treason and heare what expressions they have with what horrors yellings groanes distractions the least sin is there spoken of If God should take any mans soule here and as he rapt His into the third heavens where he saw grace in its fullest brightnesse so carry any ones soule into those chambers of death as Solomon calls them and leading him through all from chamber to chamber shew him the visions of darknesse and hee there heare all those bedlames cry out one of this sinne another of that and see sinne as it lookes in hell But there is one aggravation more of the evill and misery sinne brings upon men I have not spoken of yet that it blinds their eyes and hardens their hearts that they doe not see nor lament their misery till they be in hell and then it is too late Vse 3. BUt what doth sin so exceed in sinfulnesse and is the venome of it boyled up to such a height of mischiefe that there should be no name in heaven and earth able to grapple with it and destroy it Is there no antidote no balme in Gilead more soveraigne than it is deadly Surely yes God would never have suffered so potent and malicious an enemy to have set foot in his dominions but that he knew how to conquer it and that not by punishing of it onely in hell but by destroying it onely it is too potent for all the creatures to encounter with This victory is alone reserved for Christ it can die by no other hand that he may have the glory of it which therefore is the top of his glory as mediator and his highest title the memory of which he beares written in his name JESUS for he shall save his people from their sinnes Mat. 1. 21. And therefore the Apostle Paul his chiefest Herauld proclaimes this victory with a world of solemnity and triumph 1 Cor. 15. 36. Oh death where is thy sting oh grave where is thy victory the sting of death is sinne the strength of sinne is the Law but thankes be to God that gives us the victory through our Lord Iesus Christ which yet again addes to the Demonstration of the sinfulnesse of it for the strength of sinne was such that like Goliah it would have defied the whole host of heaven and earth It was not possible the blood of Bulls and goats should take away sinne Heb. 10. 4. nor would the riches of the world or the blood of men have beene a sufficient ransome Will the Lord be pleased with rivers of oyle shall I give my first borne for my transgression No sayes he there is no proportion for thy first borne is but the fruit of thy body and sinne is the sinne of thy soule Mich. 6. 7. it must cost more to redeeme a soule than so Psal 49. 9. No couldest thou bring rivers of teares in stead of rivers of oyle which if any thing were like to pacifie God yet are they but the excrements of thy braines but sinne is the sinne of thy heart yea all the righteousnesse that we could ever do cannot make amends for one sinne for suppose it perfect when as yet it is but
1. What it is to sin against knowledg explained 49 1. Distinction To sinne with knowledge and against knowledge doe differ ibid. A regenerate man guilty of more sins knowne than another ibid. Yet not of more sins against knowledge 50 2. Distinction Men sin against knowledge either objectively or circumstantially only 51 1. What it is to sinne directly against knowledge ibid. 2. What to sinne against knowledge circumstantially onely ibid. This distinction explained out of this Chap. ibid. Sinnes directly against knowledge reduced to two heads 52 1. In regard of our selves 5. wayes ibid. 1. When we abuse knowledg to help us to sin ib. 3. Wayes 1. To plot and contrive sin 2. To colour sins committed by lyes 3. To colour sins by pretence of religion and use their knowledg of religion to plead for and justifie their sin ibid. 2. When men neglect to get knowledge that might preserve them from sinning 53 3. When men refuse knowledge that they may sin more freely 55 4. Is to hate the light and to endevour to extinguish it 55 5. When men hold opinions ag their consciences 57 2. Men sin directly against knowledge it selfe in respect of others 58 1. By concealing knowledge ibid. 2. Men indevor to suppresse knowledg in others ib. 3. When men go about to make others sin against their consciences 59 2. Generall Branch Sins committed collaterally or circumstantially against knowledge 60 It is done 1. Either in particular acts of sinning or 2. In continuing in an estate of sinning against knowledge ibid. Particular instances being infinite 61 A distinction is given concerning them ibid. 1. Some sins more transient ibid. 2. Some more permanent and continued untill recalled though but once committed ibid. Which are of all other most dangerous to commit when against knowledge 62 2. Going on in a sinfull estate against knowledge ibid. Three sorts of men thus sin 1. Such as for worldly ends forbear to professe Christ and his wayes which they know to be such 63 2. Those that defer repentance 65 3. Apostate Professors goe on in an estate of sinning against knowledge ibid. Application 67 2. Head Rules whereby to estimate sins against knowledge 68 Of two sorts before sinning or in sinning 69 1. Before sinning 3. Rules 1. The more a man considers the issues and consequents of a sin ibid. 2. The more consultation and debates before 70 3. The more testimonies and warnings against a sin 71 2. Rules to measure the sinfulnesse of such acts in sinning 3. 73 1. The lesse passion or temptation to a sinne against knowledge ibid. 2. The more inward regreet and sorow reluctancy the stronger is the knowledg so more against it 75 3. The more hardnesse of heart in committing a sin known to be a sin the greater the sin as it is a sin against knowledge 76 3. Head Aggravations drawn from the kind of that knowledge we sin against which are five 77 The more strong the knowledg the greater the sin 78 1. To sin against the inbred light of nature ibid. 2. To sin against the light of education 80 3. The more real experimental light men sin against 82 4. The more shining the light is in the conscience joyned with a taste the greater the sin 83 5. To sin against professed knowledge 85 How great an ingagement and motive it is to men of knowledg to turn to God and to take heed of sinning 87 1. Such an one cannot sin so cheap as others their sins are more castly and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ibid. And will have lesse pleasure in sinning ibid. 2. Such are given up to greater hardnesse of heart 88 3. Such God gives up to the worst grossest of sins ibid. 4. At death knowledge sinned against gives up to more horror and dispaire 89 5. In hell it increaseth torment 90 FINIS AGGRAVATIONS OF SINNING AGAINST KNOWLEDGE ROM 1. 21. Because that when they knew God they glorified him not as God neither were thankfull but became vaine in their imaginations and their foolish heart was darkned THere are two generall aggravations the Apostle insists on in these two Chapters of the Gentiles sinfulnesse First their unthankfulnesse ver 21. in despising the riches of Gods goodnesse Chap. 2. 4. Secondly of Rebellion in sinning against knowledge That when they knew him they glorified him not as God And of all other hee inculcateth this of sinning against knowledge as the greatest for bringing in a long large and particular indictment of many severall sinnes Idolatry ver 23. unnaturall uncleannesse ver 26. c. and all kinds of unrighteousnesse ver 29. hee doth both in the beginning and end of the bill bring in this aggravation that they sinned against knowledge in all these So ver 18. he begins the indictment and promulgation of Gods wrath above all for this that they with-held the truth in unrighteousnesse which was as much as all that unrighteousnesse committed barely in it selfe considered And then again in the end when hee comes to pronounce sentence he comes in with this after all particulars had beene reckoned up Who knowing the judgement of God against those which doe such things yet doe them So that this Doctrine is cleare from hence That to sinne against knowledge either in omitting good duties which we know we ought to performe or committing of sinnes we know wee ought not to doe is the highest aggravation of sinfulnesse I put both in both sinnes of omission and commission for so the particular sinnes the Gentiles are taxed for here are of both sorts as not glorifying or worshipping God as well as turning his glory into a lye c. to omit prayer when your consciences tell you you ought to doe it to omit holy discourse examining the heart when you know you ought to doe them are as well sinnes against knowledge as to tell a lie against your knowledge or as to steale and forsweare or murder or be drunke c. Now when I say it is an aggravation to these sinnes my meaning is this That take any sinne thou thinkest most grosse and view it barely in the act of it put the act nakedly in the one scale be it a sinne of uncleannesse or drunkennesse and then put this circumstance which was added to it in the other scale that before and when thou diddest it thou knewest it to be a sinne this alone weighs as much yea more than the sinne it selfe doth that as it is said of Herod that he added this to all his other sinnes that he cast Iohn in prison who told him of his Herodias and so is made as much as all his former sinnes so is this brought in here that in and unto all their unrighteousnesse this was added they with-held the truth the light of their consciences which is as a Prophet from God they did imprison in unrighteousnesse ver 18. And therefore when Daniel would convince Balshazzar of his deservednesse to lose his Kingdome and that he was not
good pretences to cover their sins and dissemble them not onely by finding out some cunning artificiall colour as David did in the matter of Vriah Chance of warre sayes he falls to all alike but when men are so impudently hypocriticall as to make use of religious pretexts as the Devill sometimes doth as Saul who pretends to Samuel I have done the will of the Lord and when Samuel told him of the cattell oh sayes he they are for a sacrifice when God had expresly commanded to kill them all But this shift shifted him out of his Kingdome Samuel pronounceth him a rebell in it Rebellion is sinne against knowledge therefore he knew it Thus also Iezabel coloured over the stoning of Naboth with a solemne fast So Iudas fisheth for money with a charitable pretence This might have beene sold and given to the poore In sins against knowledge usually the mind indevours to find out a colour and that provokes God more than the sinne because we goe about to mock him We see men cannot endure a shift much lesse the All-knowing God not to be mocked and we see it is hard to convince such an one David was faine to be brought to the rack ere he would confesse when he had a shift and men doe seeke such shifts onely in case of sinning against conscience for else there were no need they would be sure to plead ignorance as Abimelech did Secondly when men neglect the getting and obtaining of knowledge which knowledge might keep hinder them frō sinning and might make them expert in duties This is as much as to sin against knowledge although the sins be committed out of ignorance yet that ignorance being through their owne default it comes all to one when it may be said of men as the Apostle doth of the Hebrewes Chap. 5. 12. That for the time they have had to learn they might have beene teachers they had yet need be taught againe the first principles If a man had an Apprentice who through negligence and want of heeding and observing what hee daily sees and heares about his trade might have got for his time much knowledge in his trade whereby he might have saved his master much which hee now hath lost him and rid and perfected much worke hee daily spoiles him such carelesse blockish ignorance it is just for his master to correct him for and to charge on him all that waste and losse because he might have knowne how to have done better And therefore even they who thought ignorance in it selfe no sin wherein they erred yet the neglect of knowledge upon this very ground they thought a great sinne and that it would be so farre from excusing sinnes as that it would aggravate them So here we see these Gentiles shall not onely be reckoned with for the actuall knowledge they had attained to and sinned against but also for what they might have had and have picked out of the creatures For so the Apostle brings in this here in the 20. verse that the power of God being cleerly seen in the creatures they neglecting to spell and reade it so much knowledg as they might have got God will reckon to them and aggravate their sins by Thirdly which is yet much worse when men refuse knowledge that they may sinne the more freely and doe stop the eare lest they should be charmed As when men are loath and afraid and dare not reade such a booke as discovers or might discover that truth to them the submission to which would prejudice them and this to the end that they may plead ignorance of their sinne Thus also those that assent not to truth when it comes in strongly upon them but seek to evade it But 1 Cor. 14. 38. when the Apostle had cleerely discovered the truth in those things controverted so as who ever was spirituall or not fully blind might see and would acknowledge the truth then he shuts up his discourse about them ver 27. If any be ignorant let him be ignorant for it is wilfull it is affected hee speakes it as elsewhere Revel last it is said He that is unjust let him be unjust still that is hee that will be unjust and refuseth to turne let him goe on This is a great sinne for God you see gives such a man over one that is but neglectfull or dull of capacity God will take paines with him to teach him and beare with him as Christ did with his Disciples but if he be wilfully ignorant he lets him die in his ignorance and yet will reckon with him as if all his sinnes had beene committed against knowledge because hee refused to know The fourth is to hate the light and to endevour to extinguish it This is yet much worse when men hate the Word and the Ministers of it the examples of Gods people and the light they carry with them they shining as lights in a crooked generation Phil. 2. 15. and yet they hate these as theeves doe a torch in the night and fly against the light as batts doe and as the Iewes did Iohn 3. 20. This Christ sayes is the great condemning sinne of all others So these Gentiles put Socrates to death for reproving them And thus men sinne also when they labour to extinguish the light in their owne consciences and like not to retaine God in their knowledge verse 28. but would studie the art of forgetfulnesse When men have put the candle out and drawne the curtaines that they may sinne and sleepe in sin more freely and securely Thus those also sin in a higher measure who have had a cleare conviction that they ought to be thus strict and ought to sanctifie the Lords day and pray privately but now have lost this light and think they need not be so strict when men continue not in what they were once assured of as the Apostle speaks 2 Tim. 3. 14. these sinne against their knowledge and are the worst of such sinners and this estate Aristotle himselfe makes statum maligni the state of a wicked one namely when the sparkes of light are extinguisht or hated For when any mans light is lost and turned into darknesse by sinning then as Christ sayes how great is that darknesse When good lawes are not onely not enacted and embraced but repealed also it is Aristotles similitude to distinguish an incontinent person and a wicked man this is an high kind of sinning So of these Gentiles it is said their foolish heart was darkned they had extinguisht some of that light God gave them As some drink away their wits so some sin away their consciences and thus by degrees they first sinne away the light of the word they had as they in Iude who were religious once and then they quench even that little sparke of nature that is left Also verse 10. corrupting themselves in what they know naturally Fiftly Men sinne against knowledge yet worse when they hold opinion against their knowledge So
that is alone by themselves so Beza and Theophilact understand it which he makes there the first degree of unnaturall uncleannesse which is therefore unnaturall because thou destroyest that which nature gave thee for propagation quod perdis homo est Then 2. the uncleane love of boyes men burning in lust with men ver 27. be it discovered in what dalliance it will though not arising to an act of Sodomie doing that which is unseemely ver 27. which hee therefore sayes is the perverting the use and intent of nature and so is a sin against nature leaving the naturall use of women My brethren I am ashamed to speak of such things as are done in secret These kind of sinnes by the Apostles ranking them are in a further degree of unnaturalnesse than any other because they are made the punishments of other sinnes which yet were against the light of nature also namely not glorifying God when they knew him yet that being a sinne the light of nature was not so clear in comparison of these therefore these are made the punishments of the other as being more against nature So for men to be disobedient to Parents stubborne to them and without naturall affection as the Apostle sayes ver 30 31. this is against nature even the instinct of it So unthankfulnesse and requiting evill for good is against a common principle in mens mindes Doe not the Gentiles doe good to those that do good to them your hearts use to rise against such an one out of common humanity or if you see one cruell and unmercifull which is another reckoned up ver 31. there being usually principles of pitty in all mens natures by nature therefore for one man to prey upon and tyrannize over another as fishes doe over the small ones as Habakkuk complaineth this is against nature which teacheth you to doe as you would be done to So covenant-breakers and lying and forswearing mentioned ver 30. inventers of evill and truce-breakers are sins against nature and natural light lying is against a double light both morall both juris which tels us such a thing ought not to be done and facti whilest we affirm a thing that is not the knowledge of the contrary ariseth up in us against though there were no law forbade it therefore of all sins else the Devills lusts are expressed by two lying which is a sinne in the understanding and malice in the will Iohn 8. 44. Secondly to sin against that light which thou didst suck in when thou wert young to sin against the light of thy education this is an aggravation and a great one There is a Catechisme of a blessed mother Bathsheba which shee taught Solomon when a child put in among the records of sacred Writ Prov. 31. wherein she counsels him betimes not to give his strength to women she foretold him of that sinne and because it is incident to Kings most they having all pleasures at command she tells him particularly it destroyes Kings and so also not to drink wine was another instruction there he was forewarned of this aggravated Solomons fault the more for reade the 2. Chapter of Ecclesiastes and we shall finde there that hee was most guilty in the inordinate love of these two but hee had not beene brought up so his good mother had not thus instructed him And thus also when God would aggravate his owne peoples sin unto them he recalls them to their education in their youth in the wildernesse So Ierem. 2. 2. Goe and cry to them Iremember the kindnesse and towardlinesse of thy youth he puts them in mind of their education by Moses their Tutor and their forwardnesse then And so Hos 12. when he was a child I loved him and then God had their first fruits ver 3. this he brings to aggravate their back-sliding ver 5. Therefore the Apostle urgeth it as a strong argument to Timothie to goe on to persevere in grace and goodnesse That he had knowne the Scriptures from a child and therefore for him to fall would be more hainous The reason is because the light then infused it is the first a virgin light as I may call it which God in much mercy vouchsafed to pre-possesse the minde with before it should be deflowred and defiled with corrupt principles from the world and did put it there to keep the mind chaste and pure and this also then when the minde was most soft and tender and so fitter to receive the deeper impression from it And hence ordinarily the light suckt in then seasons men ever after whether it be for good or for evill it fore-stalls and pre-judgeth a man against other principles and though a man comes to have more acquired knowledge and reasons after put into him when he is come to perfect age yet the small light of his education if it were to the contrary doth bias him and keeps him fixt and bent that way So we see it is in opinions about Religion the light then entertained can never be disputed out so in mens wayes and actions Traine up a child in his way and he will not depart from it Prov. 22. 6. To sin therefore against it and to put out the beames of it or defile it and to weare out the impressions of it how wicked is it and what a wretch art thou to do so Many of you young schollers have had a good Bathsheba that instructed you not to poure out your strength to drinke or women but to pray privately and to feare God and love him and when you come hither you have good Tutors also who teach you to pray Ministers who instill blessed truths into you from which one would think you should never depart yet you doe Think how grievous this is for if it is made an excuse for many a man in sinning that it answers but his education that he never knew or saw better as you say of many Papists then must it needs on the contrary be an aggravation of sinfulnesse And as it was Timothies commendation that hee knew the Scriptures from a child so it will be thy condemnation that thou knewest better from a child and yet rebellest against thy light Thirdly the more reall and experimentall the light is men sinne against still the more sinne as when they have learnt it from examples of godly men whom they have lived amongst or the observations of Gods dealings with themselves or others and not onely from the word notionally To sinne against such light this addes a further degree not onely to sinne against the bare light of nature but also further when nature hath besides lighted her torch at the Scripture and then when beyond all this the reall examples and observations made of Gods dealings with a mans selfe and others shall confirme all this this makes a mans sinfulnesse much more grievous for as exempla efficacius docent quà m praecepta so the knowledge got by experiments of mercies or judgements is of
Therefore Eph. 4. 18 19. the Apostle speaking of them sayes that through their ignorance and darknesse and want of feeling they committed sin with greedinesse and so with more pleasure they not having knowledge or hearts sensible of the evils that attend upon their courses Secondly thou wilt in sinning against knowledg be given up to greater hardnesse If the light that is in thee be darknesse sayes Christ how great is that darknesse therefore the more light a man hath and yet goes on in works of darknesse the more darknesse that man will be left unto even to a reprobate mind in the end Thirdly it will procure thee to be given up to the worst of sins more than another man for God when he leaves men makes one sin the punishment of another reserves the worst for sinners against knowledge These Gentiles when they knew God they worshipped him not God gave them up to the worst of sinnes whereof they were capable as unnaturall uncleannesse c. But these are not sinnes great enough for thee that art a sinner of the Christians to be given up to drunkennesse or adultery c. otherwise than to discover thy rottennesse these are too small sins but thou shalt be given up to inward profanenesse of heart as Esau was having been brought up in a good family so as not to neglect holy duties onely but to despise them to despise the good word of God and his Saints and to hate godlinesse and the appearance of it thou shalt be given up to contemne God and his judgements to trample under foot the blood of the covenant or else unto devilish opinions those other are too small to be punishments of thy sinne For stil the end of such an one must be seven times worse than the beginning as Christ sayes it shall if thou wert a drunkard a swearer or an uncleane person before and thy knowledge wrought some alteration in thee thou shalt not haply be so now at thy fal but seven times worse profane injurious to Saints a blasphemer or derider of Gods wayes and ordinances Fourthly when thou commost to lay hold on mercy at death thy knowledge will give thee up to more despaire than another man Knowledge though when it is but newly revealed it is an help yet not made use of turns against the soul to wound it and to work despaire and this both because we have sinned against the meanes that should have saved us as also because such as sinne against knowledge sin with more presumption and the more presumption in thy life the more despaire thou art apt to fall into at death Therefore Esay 59. 11 12. what brought such trouble and roarings like Beares upon these Jewes and that when salvation was looked for that yet it was so far off from them in their apprehensions our iniquities say they testifie to our face and we know them Now then sins testifie to our face when our conscience tooke notice of them even to our faces when we were committing them and then also the same sins themselves will againe testifie to our faces when we have recourse for the pardon of them Therefore thou wilt lye roaring on thy death bed and that thou knowest them will come as an argument that thou shalt not have mercie As ignorance is a plea for mercie I did it ignorantly therefore I obtained mercie so I did it knowingly will come in as a bar and a plea against thee therefore I shall not have mercie Fiftly both here and in Hell it is the greatest executioner and tormenter In this sense it may be said Qui auget scientiam auget dolorem He that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow as Solomon speaks for knowledge enlargeth our apprehension of our guilt and that brings more feare and torment Have they no knowledge who eate up my people Yes there is their feare sayes David Therefore Heb. 10. 28. after sinning after knowledge there remaines not onely a more fearfull punishment but a more fearfull expectation in the parties consciences And this is the worme in hell that gnawes for ever Light breeds these wormes But then you will say it is best for us to be ignorant and to keep our selves so I answer no For to refuse knowledge will damn as much as abusing it This you may see in Prov. 1. 23. Ye fooles sayes wisedome you that hate knowledge Turne and I will poure my spirit upon you and make known my words to you Well ver 24. they refused and would none of his reproof Therefore sayes God I will laugh at your calamitie that is I will have no pitty but instead of pitty God will laugh at you and when your feare comes I will not answer because ye hated knowledge ver 29. so as this is as bad There remaines therefore no middle way of refuge to extricate thy selfe at and avoid all this no remedy but turning unto God otherwise thou canst not but be more miserable than other men yea and this must be done speedily also For thou having knowledge God is quicker in denying thee grace and in giving thee up to a reprobate mind than another man who is ignorant He will wait upon another that knows not his will waies twenty thirty forty yeares as he did upon the children of the Israelites that were borne in the wildernesse and had not seene his wonders in Egypt and at the red sea but those that had he soone sware against many of them that they should never enter into his rest Christ comes as a swift witnesse against those to whom the Gospell is preached Mal. 3. 5. he makes quick dispatch of the treaty of grace with them Therefore few that have knowledge are converted when they are old or that lived long under the meanes And therefore you that have knowledge are engaged to repent and to turn to God and to bring your hearts to your knowledge and that speedily also or else your damnation will not only be more intolerable than others but the sentence of it passe out more quickly against you Therefore as Christ sayes Ioh. 12. 36. Whilst you have the light walk in it For that day of Grace which is very clear and bright is usually a short one And though men may live many naturall dayes after and enjoy the common light of the sunne yet the day of grace and of gracious excitements to repent may be but a short one FINIS AGGRAVATION OF SINNING AGAINST MERCIE By exaggerating the Riches of common Mercies men sinne against BY THO GOODWIN B. D. LONDON Printed by M. F. for R. Dawlman at the brazen Serpent in Pauls Church-yard MCD XXXVII THE TABLE THe first generall Head What goodnesse or bounty patience and long suffering are in God page 3. Bounty in God described ibid. 1. He must be a giver 4 2. What he gives must be his owne ibid. 3. He must give largely 5 4. He must give all he gives freely 6 5. He looks for no
run through to have it set apart for ease and to be void of torment if the rich man in hell made it such a great suit and counted it so great a favour to have but one drop of water which could but for a little while scarce more than a moment have cooled and eased not his whole body but the tip of his tongue only how much more would he have thought it mercy to have lived so many yeares againe as he had done free from torment what is it then for thee to live so many yeares free from the falling of the least drop of that wrath whereof the full vialls should have been poured out many yeares agoe The same Law was out against us which was out against the Angels That day thou eatest thou shalt dye the death what put the difference the Apostle tells us his long suffering to us ward not to them for in Chap. 2. 4. he had told us that hee spared not the Angels which fell but posted and threw them into hell as soone as they had sinned Sixtly But further in the 6. place Is this all hath it beene barely a time of ease given thee a time of reprivall No it hath beene more space to repent and so to obtaine thy pardon in Rev. 2. 21. And as it hath beene more than ease of torment unto thee so also consider it hath beene more than slacknesse in him that hath afforded it to thee as the Apostle there doth tell us It is not that he hath tooke no notice of thy offending him but he is sensible of every idle thought of every oath vaine word and as the Scripture tels us he is pained at the very heart in so much as he repents that ever he made thee he is angry with thee every day thou risest every time hee lookes on thee when ever he meets thee going into the Taverne to be drunk the whorehouse to be uncleane when he meets thee reeling in the streets he hath much adoe to forbeare killing thee as he had to forbeare Moses when he met him in the Inne He is ready to have a blow at thee and it should not need be any great stroake or fetching his arme about if he did but blow on thee thou wert consumed To suffer thee to live doth therefore cost him much riches of patience but to cut thee off need cost him nothing hee can doe that with ease But further all is joyned with a willingnesse that thou shouldst repent and not perish as that place tells thee It were much mercy for a Traytor to be reprived to have a lease of his life for twenty yeeres though there were no hope nor meanes of obtaining his finall pardon after that time spent and this also though moneth a yeere what others who have laine gasping would have given a world for time againe as I have heard one crying day and night call time againe or if not then oh what in Hell The third thing I am to shew is that all this goodnesse patience and forbearance is afforded towards you as a meanes and helpes to bring you to repentance Acts 17. 26 27 28. God sayes the Apostle there hath allotted to men both their times to live in and also their places of abode and habitations all richly furnished with blessings to uphold their lives beings And to what end are both these thus afforded That they might seek the Lord if by groping after him even as men in the darke they might haply finde him But men being in the darke and destitute of guides to bring thē unto God may yet be as far of finding him as ever Therefore adde but the words of my text to what the Apostle sayes there and we see that this goodnesse of God takes us by the hand and leads us to repentance to turne from sinne unto God and so to finde him And thus lead are you unto God by the help of three severall guides which each after other sweetly leade you and point you out to this First all this goodnesse beares witnesse to your hearts of a gracious hand that extends it self in all these therefore in that 17. of the Acts he subjoynes God is not far off any of us That there is a good God bestowes all things on you is a thought lyes at next doore of all his blessings not far off Yea they all sayes the Apostle to the same Gentiles Acts 14. 16. doe beare witnesse of him though they went on in their owne wayes yet sayes he there God left not himselfe without witnesse that is an impression on their hearts that his good hand bestowed all on them when he filled their hearts with foode and gladnesse Secondly His goodnesse having brought thus God to mens thoughts then your owne consciences take you and leade you downe into your selves and beare witnesse that you by walking in your owne wayes doe nothing but provoke and offend this good God So Rom. 2. 15. And then thirdly there is an indelible principle common to all men to love those who love them which after the two former have brought you hitherto point you to Repentance as the conclusion Shall we goe on to sinne against this good so good returne evill for good Is not this a naturall necessary consequent out of all these to say as they Let us therefore feare the Lord who giveth us the early and the latter raine as it is Ier. 5. 26 27 And though men are said not to know this in the text yet the meaning is they doe not throughly and effectually consider thus much so as thereby to be brought to Repentance yet however there is such a witnesse of all this in all mens hearts and thus are they led on unto Repentance would they see their way and follow their guide The use shall be an use of expostulation as here the Apostle carryes it with men sinfull and impenitent for going on to sinne against all this mercy together with an aggravation of their sinfulnesse hereby Men if young doe usually take the advantage of this their precious time which out of so much long suffering is vouchsafed them and of all those precious opportunities and blessings they enjoy to improve them onely in reaping and gathering in to themselves the pleasures of sinne making the time of youth their harvest of sinning and yet thinke to escape by repenting afterwards and then when old after they have already enjoyed a long and a faire Sunshine day to turne to God in and to have sowne much seed to the Spirit the comfort whereof they might now have reaped yet as they have altogether neglected so to doe all their youth so they goe on to doe so still whilst they see they have any day left be it never so neare the setting and doe choose rather desperately to venture their estate in the world to come upon the riches of his mercy pardoning though without all care and endeavour to change their
these armies of blessings thou findest the world filled with to fight against their Maker under the devills banner whom thy wickednesse sets up as the god of this world And as the yeere is crowned with goodnesse so thy yeeres with wickednesse and no moment is barren but all thy imaginations are evill continually Yea thou hast sinned against heaven and earth and subjected the whole creation unto vanity laden the earth and filled it so with wickednesse that it groanes the axeltree of it is even ready to crack under thee and the ground thou treadest on to spue thee out Fiftly since thou camest into the world what a long time hath God suffered thee to live in it hee hath not spared thee three yeares onely as he did the figtree but thirty forty And when thou first madest bold to thrust forth thy trayterous head into the world Death which thy sin brought into the world with it might have arrested but for one treason and though all that time of his reprivall he carryes and behaves himselfe never so obediently But unto thee this time hath beene more than a longer day of life and putting off the execution which for the guilt of that first rebellion should have been acted on thee in the womb it hath beene time to repent in And yet hath not this time of thy reprivall made thee so much the more rebellious and hast not thou spent all this time in making up the measure of thine iniquity full and hath it beene will ingnesse onely in God that thou shouldest not perish yea more joyned with waiting also when it should once be thinking the time long as longing and desiring that thou wouldst repent that he might pardon thee Thus Ierem. 13. last God expresseth himselfe when shall it once be yea and consider how many dayes of payment have been set and how many promises made and broken all by thee and yet still hee walteth unto wonderment Thou receiuedst presse money at thy Baptisme when thou didst promise to forsake the devill and all his workes and to begin to serve him when thou shouldst begin to discerne betweene good and evill But no sooner did the light of knowledge dawne in thy heart but thou beganst to fight against him and thy first thoughts to this day have beene onely and continually evill And then haply in thy younger yeares before thou hadst tasted of the pleasures of sinne he gave thee an inkling by meanes of thy education of his goodnesse towards thee and of that happinesse to be liad in him and thou hadst the first offer of him ere thy tender yeares were poysoned by the world and he hath dealt with thee againe and againe both by his Word and Spirit not waited onely but wooed thee and hath beene a suiter to thy heart long and I appeale to your hearts how many promises you have made him of turning from all your rebellions to him after such a Sermon which was brought powerfully home in such a sicknesse and in such a strait thy conscience knowes full well And still God hath made tryall of thee and given thee longer day and though thou hast broke with him againe and againe yet he hath forborne thee againe and againe and hath waited this twenty thirty forty fifty sixty years when thou shouldest come in and be as good as thy word and still thou hast failed him And yet behold and wonder and stand confounded at the riches of his long suffering that after so many yeares expence and promises broken by thee expectations failed in him and many mockeries of him after all this he is yet willing to accept of the remainder if thou wouldst spend the rest of the time left thee in the flesh according to his will as the Apostle speaks 1 Pet. 4. 3. even to lose principall use and all for what is past and requires but the same composition was propounded the first day yea and not onely so but with promise to become a debtor unto thee to bestow further riches on thee than ever yet thou sawest or art able to conceive yea and all this when he could have his penyworths out of thee another way and lose not one farthing by thee but by punishing thee in hell recover all to the utmost Neither seventhly hath it beene barely and simply an act of patience and forbearance though joyned with this willingnesse thou shouldst not perish or meerely a permissive act of suffering thee to live But God shewes forth yet more riches of goodnesse joyned with this long suffering in him ye live and move and have your being and dost thou live in him onely nay thou livest on him also upon his cost and charges I have hung upon thee sayes David from my mothers wombe And consider what thy life is that of so small a bottome he should spin out so long a thred had hee not drawne it out of his owne power as the spider doth her web out of her owne bowels it had beene at an end the second minute to maintaine that radicall moisture that oyle that feeds the lampe and light of thy life that radicale balsamum this is as great a miracle as the maintaining the oyle in the cruze of the poore famished widow And further yet hath he maintained thee onely Nay more hath he not defended thee tooke thy part protected thee tooke thee under his wing as the hen doth her chickens to shelter thee from those many dangers thy life hath been exposed unto Otherwise how many wayes ere this hadst thou been snatcht away out of the land of the living Is thy case the case of the figtree onely which before we mentioned that when God cryed Cut it downe another cryed spare it but there have beene many have cryed Cut thee downe and God hath cryed spare Thee there is never a minute but the devills would have had a blow at thy life as he longed to have had at Iohs That thou a poore lump of flesh shouldst walke through and in the midst of such an host of fierce and cruell enemies whose hearts are swelled with malice at thee and God should say to them all concerning thee as he did to Laban concerning Iacob Touch not this man And yet if thou wert not liable to their malice and power yet consider how many dangers and casualties besides thou hast beene kept in and from as falls drowning killing many wayes how often have the arrows of death come whisking by thee took away those next thee haply of thy kindred brother sister yoke-fellow of the same house family with thy selfe and yet have missed thee And if we look no farther than these dayes of mortality we have lived in two great plagues in this Kingdome how have the most of us all here survived and now the third is increasing and growing upon us To have our lives in such deare yeares of time when to have our life for a prey is mercy enough as Ieremy told Baruch that these arrows should
2 Sam. 1. 26. Thou wert pleasant to me it is God who gives favour in mens eyes So hee did Ioseph Gen. 39. 21. If any man or creature doth thee a kindnesse he toucheth their hearts as it is said of the men who clave to Saul and visits for thee He made the Aegyptians beyond all reason the Israelites friends gave them favour in their eyes as the text tells us And hence Gen. 33. 10. Iacob sayes He saw the face of God in reconciled Esaus face for Gods favour appeared in his looke He put you into your callings ranks and stations gives you all your skill successe in them The meanest of trades to sow and plough and thresh they are from the Lord who is wonderfull in working Esay 28. from the 23. to the end even as well as the skill of the most curious Ingraver Limbner or Embroyderer as of Bezaleel the Scripture sayes God was his Master taught him Hast thou enlarged parts and gifts for higher imployments it is not thy birth or age hath acquired them unto thee Iob 32. 8 9. Great men are not alwaies wise therefore it goes not by birth nor have the aged alwaies understanding it goes not onely by experience but it is the inspiration of the Almighty And hast a calling answerable to thy parts to be a Scholler and have thy minde enriched and ennobled with the best and choisest jewell the world hath wisdome and knowledge whereby the minde is elevated as much above other mens as they are above beasts God hath beene thy great Tutor The mind of man is Gods Candle and hee maketh wiser than a mans teachers as he did Moses in Egyptian learning Daniel David To conclude hast thou comfort in all these in riches learning credit wife children meat drink c. Hee puts in all the sugar delight and pleasure that especially depends on him even to fashion the heart to all these As ayre lights not without the Sunne nor wood heats not without fire so neither doth thy condition comfort thee without God And therefore Acts 14. 17. it is said He filled their hearts as with food so with gladnesse And besides all these consider the many peculiar passages and turnings of his providence towards thee for thy good the working of things together ever and anon to doe thee a good turne the packing and plotting all for thee better than thou couldst have plotted for thy selfe as thy reliefe in many streights successe in many businesses He workes all our works in us and for us as Esay speaks Esay 26. hath he not taken such speciall care and providence of thee as if hee had regarded no man else in the world And now when thou hast considered all bethinke thy selfe withall a little of thy dealings towards him what have beene the effects and fruits of all this goodnesse hold up thy head man looke God in the face It is well yet that shame begins to cover thee How hath that his patience and long suffering vouchsafing thee space to repent wrought with thee how nigh to repentance hath it brought thee Such is the perversenesse of mans nature as Solomon tells us Eccles 8. 11. that because sentence against an evill worke is not presently executed therefore the hearts of the sonnes of men are fully set to doe evill Because God defers punishing they defer repenting thou thinkest to spend the most precious of thy time and strength in sinning and give God the dreggs the bottome the last sands thy dotage which thy very selfe and friends are weary of and all these blessings and comforts which God hath vouchsafed thee how hast thou used them against him This oyle which should have beene fuell to thy thankfulnesse hath encreased the fire of thy lusts and thy lusts have consumed them all Iames 4. The riches hee hath given thou hast made Idols of and sacrificed thy dearest morning daily thoughts and affections unto as God complaines Ezek. 16. from the 15. and so on His meat as at the 29. ver he calls it thou sacrificedst to thy belly which thou hast made thy God thy strength to women the wealth hee hath given you you have made use of but to live at a high rate of sinning and to procure the sweetest bits the daintiest and most costly sinnes The edge of that sword of power God hath put into thy hand thou hast turned against him and his haply both his Children and Ministers so that God by giving thee all these hath but made thee more able to offend him and hath strengthned an enemy and by sparing thee thus long hath but made thee more bold to doe it all his mercyes have but fortifyed thy heart against him Doe ye requite the Lord thus ye foolish people and unkind as Moses expostulates the case Deut. 32. 6. as Christ said to the Jewes For which of all my good workes doe yee stone me So say I to you for which of all his mercies is it ye sinne against him what to fight against him with his owne weapons to betray all he gives you into the devills his enemies hands What iniquity did you ever finde in him thus to deale God will one day thus expostulate his cause with you and heape coales of fire upon all your heads if that you turne not because you have rendred him evill for good and all these mercies thus abused will be as so many coales to make hell fire the hotter And to reason this point yet further with you out of the Text and what arguments it will afford to work upon you Consider first what it is thou doest whilest thus thou goest on thou art a Despiser of the Riches of his goodnesse that which is opposite to goodnesse must needs be transcendently evill What art thou evill because God is good and so much the more evill by how much the more he is good surely there must needs be an unexhausted treasure of wickednesse in thee which will also cause in the end a treasure of wrath in him what and sinne against mercy patience long suffering added to goodnesse of all attributes as the richest to the most glorious for it is that he glories in in the abusing of which therefore he thinkes himselfe most debased of all attributes the tenderest what kick against his bowels so are his mercies called canst hit him no where else but there to despise a mans wisdome power learning is not so much as to despise his love what canst thou imagine will become of thee when thou commest to dye what is it thou wilt then come to plead and cry for O mercy mercy why wretch that thou art it is mercy thou hast sinned against Riches of mercy and patience abused turnes into fury I may allude to that speech 1 Sam. 2. 25. If a man sinne against his brother the Iudge shall judge him but if against God who shall plead for him So hadst thou sinned against any other attribute Mercy might have
pleaded for thee but if against Mercy it selfe who shall Well if thou goest on thus to doe so still thou hast a hard heart it argues the greatest hardnesse of all other that is the second You use not however it comes to passe to deale thus with the worst of men sinner like to your selves but to them that love you you tender love againe Luke 6. 33. and will you deale so with God Is it a small thing to weary men but you must weary God also sayes Esay 7. 13. Hee thought it infinitely lesse to abuse men than God but you carry your selves as men to men but as devills towards God herein ye have not the hearts of men in you not principles of common humanity whereby ye differ from beasts The cords of love are called the cords of a man Hos 11. 6. the spirit of man breakes melts under kindnesse beasts indeed yee use to prick with goades but the cords of a man are the cords of love no principle being more deepely engraven in mens hearts than this to doe good to those who doe good to you Mat. 5. 46. Nay would ye had herein yet the hearts of beasts The Oxe knowes his owner the Asse his masters cribb but my people have rebelled against mee A sinne so much against nature that he calls upon those creatures who have no more than meere nature in them viz. the heavens to stand astonisht at it But as nature elevated by grace riseth higher than it self so being poysoned with sinne it is cast below it selfe sins against it self and the principles which are begotten in and with it selfe if it were not so how were it possible thou shouldst hate him who never did thee hurt and goe on to wound him who weepeth overthee and despise that in him most which seekes to save thee and load him with sins Amos 2. 13. who loades thee daily with his mercies Psal 68. 19. There is a third consideration the text suggests to shew the fearfulnesse of thy sin in this respect and that is that thou goest on every minute sinning and in impenitency by despising his goodnesse to treasure up wrath against the day of wrath to sin against mercy of all other encreaseth wrath thou must pay treasures for treasures spent As thou lavishly spendest riches of mercy so God will recover riches of glory out of thee God will not lose by thee but will reckon with thee in wrath for every offer of patience spent for every sand of long suffering that runs out hee drops in a drop of wrath into his Vialls and it will prove a treasure such a treasure as shall bring in an eternall revenue of glory unto God of all his glory lost and riches spent with advantage such a treasure as will aske an eternity of time to be spent upon thee and yet be never emptied or made lesse and the longer thou goest on the greater heap it will swell unto And dost thou know and consider how fast this treasure fills and how much the longer thou goest on to adde to it still the more thou addest still the last yeere more than all the yeeres before every minutes impenitency adding to this heape and summe as new figures added in a summe use to doe the first is but one the second makes it ten the third an hundred the fourth a thousand and what a summe will this grow to Ay but thou wilt say Tush I am in prosperity in health wealth and ease and to day shall be as to morrow and much more abundant Esay 56. 12. Well but fourthly consider out of the text that there will come a day at last the morrow whereof will be a day of wrath It is treasuring up now but is not brought forth till the day of wrath till which day thou mayest goe on and prosper as Iob giving us the reason why wicked men prosper here sayes Chap. 21. They are reserved to the day of wraths in the plurall because treasures are laid up against then thou art yet spared because thy sins are not yet full and that Treasure is not full as the sins of the Amorites were not and all this thy present prosperity fits thee but for hell So Rom. 9. 22. they are said to be vessells fitted for destruction by long suffering And so Nahum tells us they are but as stubble laid out in the Sunne a drying till it be fully dry Nahum 1. 10. that it may burne the better and like grapes that are let to hang in the Sunshine till they be ripe Revel 15. 16. and so thou for the winepresse of Gods wrath But thy senselesse heart may hap to say I see no such thing and these are but threats I thinke so therefore it is said in the Text that it is a Treasure which as Treasures use to be is hid till that day comes then revealed as the words have it For though thou seest not this day a comming yet God who sits in heaven sees thy day a comming as David sayes Psal 37. 13. who is therefore said to see it because himselfe sees it not and it is a comming faster than thou art aware of it 2 Pet. 2. 3. Damnation slumbereth not though thou dreamest not of it lingreth not as an hue and cry it is sent out and is on its course and will in the end overtake thee and that when thou least thinkest of it as a theefe in the night when thou art asleepe yet dreamest not of it 2 Thes 5. when thou art least prepared for it as in the old world when they were eating and drinking as God watcheth when his child is at the best and ripest and then takes him so he will watch thee to take thee for thy neglect at thy worst and give thee haply no time to prepare they goe downe to hell in a moment Psal 73 9. FINIS IMPRIMATUR THO WEEKES R. P. Ep o Lond. Cap. Domest Gen. 2. Heb. 1. 2. Rom. 1. 2 Sam. 14. 14. Isa 40. Rom. 6. 1 Pet. 5. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Doct. To sin against knowledge is the highest aggravation of sinning Demonstratiōs of the point by comparing it vvith other kinds of sinning How much sinnes against knowledge doe transcend sins of ignorance In sins of ignorance there may be a supposition if he had known it he would not have done it but not so in these The vast difference between them appears in the repentance God accepts for each A generall repentance for the one not so for the other Some kinds of sinning against knowledge exclude frō mercy which done ignorantly leave a capacity of it Sinning against knowledge is the highest to sinning against the holy Ghost Secondly Reasons which are 6. 1. Because knowledge is the greatest 〈◊〉 2. Reason Knowledge is the immediate guide of men in all their wayes A man sins against his Guide That knowledge is so proved in that an erroneous conscience bindeth Knowledg layeth a further obligation as obedience