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A19065 Christian offices crystall glasse In three bookes. First written in Latine, by that famous and renowned Father, Saint Ambrose Bishop of Millane. Whereunto is added his conuiction of Symmachus the Gentile. A worke tending to the advancement of vertue, and of holinesse: and to shew how much the morality of the Gentiles, is exceeded by the doctrine of Christianity. Translated into English by Richard Humfrey ...; De officiis. English Ambrose, Saint, Bishop of Milan, d. 397.; Humfrey, Richard. 1637 (1637) STC 548; ESTC S100171 335,831 469

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record of the whole course of holy writ and the perill by intermedling this way whereinto Heliodorus fell alledged for it the Emperour hardly at the last upon much supplication tooke this for an answer Yet so that after this the Adversary againe attempted a new way to pull it from the Church but that the holy Bishop prevented it by restoring what he had received to the Widdow In the meane time the faith of the Church is at safe anchor oppression is not feared because now the matter and substance it selfe on their part not trust and faithfull dealing on our part is in danger CHAP. XXX Who are to bee avoided and who zealously for their godlinesse and pietie to bee followed OH my Sonnes flie from the wicked beware of the envious betweene the wicked and the envious this is the difference The wicked is delighted with his owne good and is onely apparently good an envious man is tormented with another mans prosperitie the one loves what is evill the other hateth what is good insomuch that he is in some sort more tolerable that wisheth a 1 Tim. 5.4.8 well to himselfe then he that wisheth ill to all My Sonnes thinke of that yee doe before hand and when ye have taken b Quicquid aggrediare consulito cum conconsulueris maturè facto est opus time and well thought vpon it then put in practise what standeth with your approbation A laudable death when occasion is offered is to betaken hold of forth with Glory deferred flieth away neither is it easily overtaken Love ye the faith and true devotion because hereby c 2 Kings 2.25 2 Chon 35.24.25 Iosias got the favour of God and the loue of all people Get the favour of God yee that are yong now in the flower of your age as did Iosias celebrating the passeover when he was but eighteene yeeres of age and excelling therein d 2 Kin. 23.22 ver 23. all that went before him Wherefore as he excelled in zeale his superiours so take you to you my sonnes the zeale of the Lord let it enter into every one of your hearts and so inflame you there and set you on fire that ye may truely say the zeale of thy house e Psal 69.9 Iohn 2.17 O Lord hath eaten me vp Among the twelue Apostles there was one styled f Luke 6.15 Zelotes and * doubtlesse not without cause but this might well haue beene Saint Pauls style For he was so in vehemency g Acts 9.1 Gal 1.14 Rom. 9.3 10.1 2 Cor. 11.2.28.29 12.15 Acts 17.16 and heat of nature and much more rightly so in the state of h grace But what doe I speake of the Apostle this divine vertue was most eminent in our i Iohn 2.17 .. 4.34 7.38.37 11 35.38.43 Luke 19.41.32 Marke 7.34 Mat. 9.35 Luk. 21.27 Saviour whose president is without paralell and aboue all exception to cut off all coulour of reasoning against the same and pressing together with his whole active obedience vnto primarie imitation in all his disciples Let therefore this divine k Iames 3.13 standing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the meeknesse of wisdome zeale of his be in you not that humane l v. 14. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which envy begetteth For where m v. 16. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 envie and strife is there is sedition and all manner of evill worke Let the peace n Philippians 4 7. of God which passeth all vnderstanding be among you and preserve your hearts and minds in Christ Iesu Love yee one o 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rom. 12.10 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1 Thess 4.9 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iames 3.17 1 Pet 1.22 another as brethren without faining from a pure heart fervently There is nothing more sweet then p Phil. 4.1 love nothing more acceptable then peace And yee your selves know that I haue alwaies heretofore loved you aboue others which I doe likewise at this present and shall also labour to doe hereafter respectiuely and that the same may dayly q Thes 3.12 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 abound toward you more and more Wherefore as the sonnes of one Father yee are growen together in my bowels in like affection towards you as toward brother germans and all of you strongly and deepely seated in my loue Hold fast therefore that which is r 1 Thes 5.21 good and the God of peace and ſ Heb. 13.20 loue t 1 Iohn 4.8 shall be with you in the Lord Iesu to whom with the holy Spirit bee ascribed all honour glory magnificence power prayse and thankesgiving now and evermore Amen CHRISTIAN OFFICES CRYSTALL GLASSE OR THE THIRD BOOKE OF the godly learned and ancient Father of the Latine Church St Ambrose the famous B. of Millan his Offices WHICH WORKE IS CAREFVLLY and clearely also considering the excellent mysterie of style in much obscurity performed and that with due observation of the places of Scripture used therein in greatest varietie and others thereunto pertinent With some reconcilement eftsoones where there may seeme to be disagreement of the Septuagints and the originall of the old Testament IOHN 17.2 This is everlasting life to know thee the only true God and Iesus Christ whom thou hast sent In honestate vitam beatam positam esse minimè dubitamus quam scriptura appellat vitam aeternam Tantus enim splendor honestatis est ut vitam beatam efficiat tranquillitas conscientiae securitas innocentiae Ambros lib. 2. Offic. Cap. 1. LONDON Printed for Iohn Dawson 1637. The Preface THE very appellations themselves of the foure Cardinals which is no more then the first and chiefe upon which the other vertues depend and are subordinate unto because not reduced to those foure heads in Scripture nor bearing there the same names but such as are better knowne and more familiar to them that are acquainted therewith are distasted of some For a Prov. 8.12 19.14 Prudence say they were more clearely expressed by the word Wisdome b Iustice Micah 6.8 Ezech. 18.9 33.15 justice by righteousnesse c Ioshua 1.6.7.9 emets fortis esto meod valdè 1 Sam. 10.12 fortitude by noble courage valiantnesse zeale patience d 2 Pet. 1.6 1 Tim. 3.3 Gal. 5.22 temperance by sobriety forbearance meeknesse But doth not due order and method much availe the memorie be not these also used in the booke of God doth not the Lord himselfe as in the decalogue and Lords prayer comprise the specialties under the generall Where find they in the word in so many letters and sillables Trinity e Iehovah consisting of 4 spiritall letters יהוה and therefore called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ineffable Essence hypostasis person of the Sonne and of the holy Ghost consubstantiall the communication of the f Or proprieties idiomats of both natures in Christ Sacrament or sacramentall participating of the body and bloud sinne originall
posterities to take of this fire This is the fire that fell vpon and consumed Moses o Levit. 9.24 Hic est ignis qui cecidit super sacrificium Moysi et consumpsit illud sacrifice with this fire the sacrifice ought to be sanctified hereupon the sonnes of Aaron bringing strange fire were p Chap. 10.16 devoured The tabernacle the arke and altar of incense were layed vp also by Ieremy and the doore stopped vp But this when some of them neare him more curiously searched that they might haue noted they could not find which when he perceived he told them to this effect that the place should not be knowne untill God should gather againe his people and mercy should be shewed them then should the Lord declare these things then should his glory q Our Author in this relation of Nehemiah and Ieremie out of the Apocryphall seemeth to be transported with the sway of the times those being received of the Church For in the time of Iehoshua and Zerubbabel under Cyrus was the Altar set up and offrings tendred Ezra 3.2.4 under Darius Ezra 6.10.20 they kept the Passeover oblations were offered in the reigne of Artaxerxes Ezra 8.35 which was 40. yeares after the first returne under Zerubbabel Besides mention is make of the morning and evening sacrifice Ezra 3.3 9.41 where the consuming it with fire from heaven was a signe of Gods presence 1 Kings 18.38 2 Chron. 7.1 Iudg. 6.21 The time of Ezras returne being the second was in the 7. of Artaxerxes Ezra 7.7 Nehemiahs being the third in the 20. Neh. 2.1 According to which computation the finding of the holy fire here mentioned falleth short of the truth above fifty three yeares But howsoever the application is good appeare We understand when the Congregation of the people should be we acknowledge the same to bee the propitiation of our Lord God which hee the propitiatour in his owne person hath wrought by his passion How can we be ignorant of this fire when wee reade that the Lord Iesus did baptize with the holy Ghost and with r Math. 3.11 fire The sacrifice was rightly consumed and brought to nothing because it was for the utter abolishing of sinne That fire was the type of the holy Ghost which was to descend after the ascention purging sinnes inflaming the mindes and hearts of the faithfull Whence ſ Ierem. 20.9 Ieremy his word was in my heart as a burning fire shut up in my bones I was weary of forbearing and I could not stay Whence fell the holy Ghost upon the t Acts 2.3.23 Apostles and upon the rest waiting for the promise of the Lord in the similitude of cloven tongues like to fire and whence was the elevation of the spirits of them that spake diversity of languages that they were thought for their nimblenesse and fluency therein to be filled with new wine But what may this import that the fire was made water and againe that the water stirred up fire but the spirituall grace burneth by fire and by water cleanseth our sinnes For sinne is both washed and burned away Hence the u 1 Cor. 3.13 Apostle the fire shall trie every mans worke what it is and afterward if x 15. any mans worke shall burne he shall suffer losse but himselfe shall bee saved but as it were through fire This then as a type of future remission of sinnes descended upon the sacrifices In the time of captivity when sinne reigned it is hidden but it is drawne out in the time of liberty Howbeit it were changed into likenesse of water yet reteyned it still the nature of fire that it might consume the sacrifice And no marvell For God the Father saith I am a y Deut. 4.24 Heb. 12.29 consuming fire and they have forsaken mee the fountaine of living z Ier. 2.13 waters and the Lord Iesus of himselfe I came to a Luke 12.49 send fire upon the earth and I am the b Iohn 4.1.4 7.27.38.39 water of life fire to inflame the hearts of the hearers and the drinke of the water of life to coole the thirsty soules This is resembled in Eliahs sacrifice when hee confounded c 1 Kings 18.23 Baals priests whom he provoked to kindle their altar without putting to it ordinarie fire As for his owne when hee had powred foure barrels thrice upon the burnt offering and wood replenished the ditch round about it with water likewise crying to the Lord fire came downe from heaven and consumed the whole burnt offring Thou O man of God whosoever thou art art the sacrifice consider therefore seriously and in silence this worke For the blessed vapour of his holy Spirit descendeth upon thee and burneth up thy sinnes In Moses time the sacrifice which was consumed with fire was a sacrifice for sinne and observe that it was d 2 Maccab. 2.11 Lev. 10.16.17 18. 6.18 19. wholly wasted signifying the e Kom 6.3.4.6 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 our Author readeth Vetus homo noster exterior crucifixus est Cruci but exterior the outward not foūd in the originall mortifying wholly of the old man in the Sacrament of baptisme The Egyptian is f Heb. 11.29 drowned the Hebrew rising againe by renewment of the holy Gost in the g 2 Cor. 4.16 inner man passeth through the red Sea without stumbling as upon drie land All the Fathers were h 1 Cor. 10.2 baptized in the cloud and in the sea In the deluge all flesh i Gen. 7. perished but just Noah with his familie were preserved Is not the old man consumed when this mortall is swallowed up of k 2 Cor. 5.4 life when though the outward bee corrupted yet the inward man is l 2 Cor. 4.16 quickned Neither only in Baptisme but also in repentance there is a death of the flesh for the renovation of the spirit the holy Apostle delivers over the incestuous to Sathan for the m 1 Cor. 5.3 destruction of the flesh that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Iesus A more prolix excursion in admiration of this mystery while we study to open more largely the revealed Sacrament may seeme to be made howbeit so farre forth in truth as it is full of honesty as it may be granted to be full of religion How honourable is the regard of honesty among the ten n Iudg. 20.1 tribes when with one joynt consent the o Chapt. 19.25 violence offered to one woman was in so bitter termes of hostility pursued against their brother Benjamin whom when they had overcome how did they obtest p Chapt. 21.1 Victo populo tribus Benjamin obtestarentur in conjugio se eis proprias filias non daturos against him in the case of affinity denying him their daughters in mariage in so much that using the liberty of q Remanserat tribus sine ullo posteritatis subsidio nisifraudis necessariae accepisset
the victory obtained he willingly remitted the offence which I have therefore inserted that I might teach holy David being a man of an Evangelicall spirit not only to have taken none offence at him but his comming to him to have beene welcome and to have brought him grace and therefore to have beene delighted not exasperated with these his malicious and mischievous despights as being more advantageous to him in the more certaine expectation of a more ample reward of the bountiful Recompencer of all patient forbearance But howbeit he had now proceeded farre in the way of perfection notwithstanding hee sought to attain to it in a higher degree Through the griefe of iniury susteined his heat of bloud was stirred vp in him as a man but by the efficacy of the spirit of grace he overcame like a good souldier at the cōmand of his great generall He indured as a valiant champion but the vpshot of his patience was the expectation of the accomplishment of the Lords promises And therefore he d said Lord let me know the number of my dayes what it is that I may be certified what I haue not e Psal 39.7 attained vnto He seeketh the end of heavenly promises or that end when every one shall rise in his own f Sept. v. 6. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The eight verse considered may helpe this sense 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. which is deliver mee from all my transgressions 1 Cor. 15.23 order Christ the first fruits afterward they that are Christs at his comming then shall be the end For the kingdome being delivered vp to God and the Father and all powers being abolished as the Apostle speaketh perfection beginneth Here therefore is an impediment h Ver. 14. here an infirmity even of those that bee the best and perfect in their degree there is full perfection Therefore for the state of perfection the Apostle pointeth at those dayes of eternall life which are alwayes in being not at those dayes which passe away That so here in this life he may take notice of his wants may grow vp in knowledge to vnderstand what the land of promise bearing perpetuall fruits is what the first mansiō seat with the father what the second what the third is in which every one according to his degree and measure of gifts and graces divine shall rest eternally Wherefore according to his heavenly doctrine not this life which is full of want and errour but that in which is perfection in which is truth is to be sought after evermore to bee desired and aspired unto of us all Here the shadow there the substance here the g Psal 39.6 73.20 1 Cor. 7.31 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 13.12 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 image and resemblance there the truth The shadow in the law the image in the Gospell the truth in the heavens Before a lambe was offered a calfe was offered now Christ is offered but hee is offered as a man and as it were receiving his passion and hee offereth himselfe as it were a Priest that he may take upon him our sinnes and remit them to us Here in an image and certaine similitude there in truth where hee interposeth himselfe as an Advocate with the Father for us Therefore here we walke in an image wee see in an image there face to h 1 Cor. 13.12 face where is full perfection because all perfection is in the truth CHAP. XLVIII Of treading vanity under foot WHerefore while wee are here let us get and keepe the image that there we may come to the truth Let there bee in us the image of justice let there bee the image of wisdome because we shall come to that day and according to the image then found in us shall wee be judged Let not the adversary find in thee his owne image his image of raging and fury For in these maladyes harboureth mischiefe For our a 1 Pet. 5.8 adversary the divell goeth about like a roaring lyon seeking whom hee may kill and devoure Let him not find in thee the desire of gold the heapes of silver b Iohn 14.30 Sathan non habet quicquam in Christo quoniam nullis erat peccatis obnoxius nec habet quicquam in illis qui Christo sunt conjuncti qui licet peccatis sint obnoxij ex hoc mundo corrupto perdito non sunt sed ex eo selecti super cap. 15.19 animadversio Musculi Haec vera sunt in illis qui non secundum spiritum ambulant Idem Musculus in hunc locum the image and shape of vices let him not deprive thee of the voice of liberty for this is the voyce of libertie that thou maiest say The prince of this world shall come and shall not find ought in me Therefore if thou be secure that when hee commeth to make search he may find nothing in thee thou shalt say that which Iacob the Patriarch sometime said to c Genes 31.37 Laban what of all thy goods hast thou found with mee Worthily blessed was Iacob with whom Laban could find nothing that was his For Rachel had hidden d Verse 34. the golden and silver images of his gods in the camels litter and was sate downe upon them Wherefore if thy wisdome faith contempt of the world if thy grace may cover all thy perfidiousnesse and disloyalty thou shalt be blessed and this may bee a good meanes thereunto if there be no respect to vanities and such unsound dotages wherewith Laban was bewitched Is it a matter of no worth to frustrate the voyce of the adversarie so that not only all authority and power but even all pretence and colour to accuse thee shall bee taken away Therefore he which hath no regard to these or any other vanities is not at all troubled but hee which hath respect unto them is most vainely and idely without any profit accruing to him thereby troubled and molested For what is it to scrape together riches but a vaine thing and nothing furthering the soules welfare For hee that shall dive into it shall hee not find too much vanity in it so much so greedily with such an hungry and unsatiable appetite to gape after this fading soone vanishing and perishing pelfe When thou hast with continuall carking and caring raked it together how knowest thou whether God will suffer thee to possesse it one moment Is it not a vaine thing for the merchant night and day to toyle and tugge upon the seas in a long voyage that by his traffique hee might treasure up many rare and pretious commodities Especially for that when hee hath purchased them with his penny hee is troubled about their price lest peradventure hee undervalew them to his losse such hunting and hearkening out places of Mart where hee may best vent them and againe while hee maketh such open inquirie how is hee frighted with feare of Pyrats and robbers that perhaps envying his so famous negotiation might be stirred