physicians to embalm his father and the physicians embalmed Israel 3. And forty days were fulfilled for him for so are fulfilled the days of those which are embalmed and the Egyptians mourned for him threescore and ten days 4. And when the days of his mourning were past Joseph spake unto the house of Pharaoh saying If now I have found grace in your eyes speak I pray you in the ears of Pharaoh saying 5. My father made me swear saying Lo I die in my grave which I have digged for me in the land of Canaan there shalt thou bury me Now therefore let me go up I pray thee and bury my father and I will come again 6. And Pharaoh said Go up and bury thy father according as he made thee swear 7. And Joseph went up to bury his father and with him went up all the servants of Pharaoh the elders of his house and all the elders of the land of Egypt 8. And all the house of Joseph and his brethren and his father's house onely their little ones and their flocks and their herds they left in the land of Goshen 9. And there went up with him both chariots and horsemen and it was a very great company 10. And they came to the threshing-floor of Atad which is beyond Jordan and there they mourned with a great and very sore lamentation and he made a mourning for his father seven days 11. And when the inhabitants of the land the Canaanites saw the mourning in the floor of Atad they said This is a grievous mourning to the Egyptians wherefore the name of it was called Abel-mizraim which is beyond Jordan 12. And his sons did unto him according as he commanded them 13. For his sons carried him into the land of Canaan and buried him in the cave of the field of Machpelah which Abraham bought with the field for a possession of a burying-place of Ephron the Hittite before Mamre 14. And Joseph returned into Egypt he and his brethren and all that went up with him to bury his father after he had buried his father 15. And when Joseph's brethren saw that their father was dead they said Joseph will peradventure hate us and will certainly requite us all the evil which we did unto him 16. And they sent messengers unto Joseph saying Thy father did command before he died saying 17. So shall ye say unto Joseph Forgive I pray thee now the trespass of thy brethren and their sin for they did unto thee evil And now we pray thee forgive the trespass of the servants of the God of thy father And Joseph wept when they spake unto him 18. And his brethren also went and fell down before his face and they said Behold we be thy servants 19. And Joseph said unto them Fear not for am I in the place of God 20. But as for you ye thought evil against me but God meant it unto good to bring to pass as it is this day to save much people alive 21. Now therefore fear ye not I will nourish you and your little ones And he comforted them and spake kindly unto them 22. And Joseph dwelt in Egypt he and his father's house and Joseph lived an hundred and ten years 23. And Joseph saw Ephraim's children of the third generation the children also of Machir the son of Manasseh were brought up upon Joseph's knees â—4 And Joseph said unto his brethren I die and God will surely visit you and bring you out of this land unto the land which he sware to Abraham to Isaac and to Jacob. 25. And Joseph took an oath of the children of Israel saying God will surely visit you and ye shall carry up my bones from hence 2369. 1635. 26. So Joseph died being an hundred and ten years old and they embalmed him and he was put in a coffin in Egypt 2. Physicians Those to whom the care of Embalming belonged To embalm i. e. So to apply Spices to the Body that it might be preserved from Putrefaction 3. Threescore and ten days i. e. Thirty days according to the custom of the Hebrews Numb 20.29 Deut. 21.13 with Deut. 34.8 besides the forty days of embalming mentioned before which were likewise days of Mourning 4. Vnto the house of Pharaoh He does not speak to Pharaoh himself and that perhaps because he was a Mourner and for that reason might not come into his Presence See Esth 4.2 5. Which I have digged It was usual for Men to dig their Sepulchres in their life-time And the place which Abraham bought was spacious enough for Jacob to build his burying-place in 2 Chron. 16.14 Isa 22.16 Matt. 27.60 Gen. 23.17 7. All i. e. A great number of them Matt. 3.5 10. Atad A place not far 't is probable from Hebron Beyond Jordan In respect to Moses who writes this Relation 13. Machpelah See Notes on Gen. 23.9 14. He had buried He was principally concerned in it and was obliged by Oath ch 47.31 19. For am I in the place of God q. d. It belongs not to me to punish you for your sins nor will it become me to remember your former faults since God hath turned your Evil into Good 20. God meant it c. Joseph does not vaunt his own Wisdom and Skill but owns God as the Author of the Good which befell him and his Father's House 23. Ephraim's children See ch 48.19 20. 25. An oath See ch 47.29 Of the children of Israel It is not said Of his Brethren For besides that 't is very probable they were most of them dead so they were least concerned had they now been alive because the Israelites were not like to return during their life Hence i. e. When ye go hence He was obliged by Oath to carry his Father's Body forthwith and this he alledges v. 5. To have ordered his own Burial there forthwith might have been thought a contempt of the Land of Egypt and brought mischief on his Brethren He is willing his Body should be left in Egypt a Memorial of his Benefaction to the Egyptians and to his own People a Pledge of their Deliverance 2369. 1635. 26. Died viz. in Egypt THE BOOK OF EXODUS THE General Argument OF THE Second Book of MOSES CALLED EXODUS THIS Second Book of Moses treats of the Departure of the Children of Israel out of Egypt and with respect thereunto it is called Exodus from a Greek word which imports a Departure or going out And though some other Matters are herein treated of yet that is the principal Subject of this Book For the main of the other Matters herein related are either such as were preparatory thereunto or consequent thereupon Of the first sort there are several Particulars related in this Book And they are these which follow I. The Names of the Children of Israel and the Number of them which came down into Egypt who were of that Race Of this we have an account Exod. I. v. 1 2 3 4 5. II. The Miseries which these
Murrain v. 6. 26. Was there no hail See Notes on v. 4. and 5. and Isa 32.18 19. 28. Mighty thundrings Heb. Voices of God Psal 29.4 5. 29. I will spread abroad my hands I will extend my hands in Prayer says the Chaldee See v. 28. and 1 Tim. 2.8 The Earth Psal 24.1 32. Not grown up Heb. Hidden or dark i. e. They were not so forward as the Barley 35. As the LORD had spoken As the Lord had commanded says the Vulgar referring it to the words immediately going before By Moses Heb. By the hand of Moses CHAP. X. The ARGUMENT Pharaoh is threatned with a most grievous Plague of Locusts Vpon this and his Servants request he inclines to terms But they being refused God sends the Plague of Locusts and removes them at his request After which he refuseth to let the people go After this succeeded the Plague of Darkness Pharaoh is hardned and warneth Moses to come no more into his presence 1. AND the LORD said unto Moses Go in unto Pharaoh for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants that I might shew these my signs before him 2. And that thou mayest tell in the ears of thy son and of thy sons son what things I have wrought in Egypt and my signs which I have done amongst them that ye may know how that I am the LORD 3. And Moses and Aaron came in unto Pharaoh and said unto him Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews How long wilt thou refuse to humble thy self before me Let my people go that they may serve me 4. Else if thou refuse to let my people go behold to morrow will I bring the locusts into thy coast 5. And they shall cover the face of the earth that one cannot be able to see the earth and they shall eat the residue of that which is escaped which remaineth unto you from the hail and shall eat every tree which groweth for you out of the field 6. And they shall fâ—ll thy houses and the houses of all thy servants and the houses of all the Egyptians which neither thy fathers nor thy father's fathers have seen since the day that they were upon the earth unto this day And he turned himself and went out from Pharaoh 7. And Pharaoh's servants said unto him How long shall this man be a snare unto us Let the men go that they may serve the LORD their God Knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed 8. And Moses and Aaron were brought again unto Pharaoh and he said unto them Go serve the LORD your God but who are they that shall go 9. And Moses said We will go with our young and with our old with our sons and with our daughters with our flocks and with our herds will we go for we must hold a feast unto the LORD 10. And he said unto them Let the LORD be so with you as I will let you go and your little ones look to it for evil is before you 11. Not so go now ye that are men and serve the LORD for that you did desire And they were driven out from Pharaoh's presence 12. And the LORD said unto Moses Stretch out thine hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts that they may come up upon the land of Egypt and eat every herb of the land even all that the hail hath left 13. And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt and the LORD brought an east-wind upon the land all that day and all that night and when it was morning the east-wind brought the locusts 14. And the locusts went up over all the land of Egypt and rested in all the coasts of Egypt very grievous were they before them there were no such locusts as they neither after them shall be such 15. For they covered the face of the whole earth so that the land was darkned and they did eat every herb of the land and all the fruit of the trees which the hail had left and there remained not any green thing in the trees or in the herbs of the field through all the land of Egypt 16. Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste and he said I have sinned against the LORD your God and against you 17. Now therefore forgive I pray thee my sin onely this once and intreat the LORD your God that he may take away from me this death onely 18. And he went out from Pharaoh and intreated the LORD 19. And the LORD turned a mighty strong west-wind which took away the locusts and cast them into the Red sea there remained not one locust in all the coasts of Egypt 20. But the LORD hardned Pharaoh's heart so that he would not let the children of Israel go 21. And the LORD said unto Moses Stretch out thine hand toward heaven that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt even darkness which may be felt 22. And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days 23. They saw not one another neither rose any from his place for three days but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings 24. And Pharaoh called unto Moses and said Go ye serve the LORD onely let your flocks and your herds be stayed let your little ones also go with you 25. And Moses said Thou must give us also sacrifices and burnt-offerings that we may sacrifice unto the LORD our God 26. Our cattel also shall go with us there shall not an hoof be left behind for thereof must we take to serve the LORD our God and we know not with what we must serve the LORD untill we come thither 27. But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart and he would not let them go 28. And Pharaoh said unto him Get thee from me take heed to thy self see my face no more for in that day thou seest my face thou shalt die 29. And Moses said Thou hast spoken well I will see thy face again no more 1. FOR c. Or Though Ch. 4.21 2. Mayest tell c. See ch 9.16 Deut. 6.20 22. Psal 78.5 6 7. 4. Locusts Wisd 16.9 5. The face Heb. The eye i. e. the superficies of the Earth The Jewish Writers by the Eye of the Earth understand the Sun and that the multitude of Locusts did intercept the light of the Sun and hinder the Egyptians from seeing the Earth which agrees very well with what follows in this Verse and with vers 15. vid. Abravenel and the Chaldee on the place The residue Ch. 9.32 Every tree Though the Trees were broken by the Hail yet it does not thence follow that they were altogether rendred unfruitfull 6. Have seen Vid. Vers 14. 7. A snare i. e. An occasion of our ruine 8. Who Heb. Who and who c. 10. Let the LORD c. These words seem to be spoken scoffingly q. d. You may assoon expect I should wish you all manner
the priest shall make an atonement for him as concerning his sin and it shall be forgiven him 27. And if any one of the common people sin through ignorance while he doeth somewhat against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which ought not to be done and be guilty 28. Or if his sin which he hath sinned come to his knowledge then he shall bring his offering a kid of the goats a female without blemish for his sin which he hath sinned 29. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin-offering and slay the sin-offering in the place of the burnt-offering 30. And the priest shall take of the blood thereof with his finger and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt-offering and shall pour out all the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar 31. And he shall take away all the fat thereof as the fat is taken away from off the sacrifice of peace-offerings and the priest shall burn it upon the altar for a sweet savour unto the LORD and the priest shall make an atonement for him and it shall be forgiven him 32. And if he bring a lamb for a sin-offering he shall bring it a female without blemish 33. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin-offering and slay it for a sin-offering in the place where they kill the burnt-offering 34. And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin-offering with his finger and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt-offering and shall pour out all the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar 35. And he shall take away all the fat thereof as the fat of the lamb is taken away from the sacrifice of the peace-offerings and the priest shall burn them upon the altar according to the offerings made by fire unto the LORD and the priest shall make an atonoment for his sin that he hath committed and it shall be forgiven him 2. A soul i. e. A person Through ignorance Unadvisedly through surreption and surprize He that sinned presumptuously was liable to be cut off Numb 15.30 31. 3. That is anointed i. e. The High-priest Exod. 29.29 Levit. 21.10 And such High-priests were not exempted from the Errors and Infirmities which other Men were liable to Heb. 5.2 We have a better High-priest Heb. 7.26 27 28. According to the sin of the people i. e. He sinning like one of the Common people Or else causing the People to sin as the Vulgar understands it The High-priest being a publick person might by his Sin and evil Example involve the People in guilt and misery Levit. 10.6 1 Sam. 2.17 24. 1 Chron. 21.3 17. 4. Lay his hand Levit. 1.4 6. Before the veil of the sanctuary That Veil which divided between the Holy and the Holy of Holies Exod. 26.33 The Holy of Holies was a Type of Heaven Heb. 9.24 whither our Jesus is entred and by his Blood made way for our entring in also Heb. 10.19 20. 7. Of the Altar of sweet incense Exod. 37.25 To purge it from the uncleanness of the Sinner was this done Levit. 16.19 This Incense was a Symbol or Type of Prayer see the Notes on Exod. 30.7 and this Rite puts us in mind that our Prayers are accepted upon the account of Christ's blood All the blood i. e. All that remains ch 5.9 11. And the skin Exod. 29.14 Numb 19.5 12. Without the camp Heb. To without the camp That is without the Camp of the People to which the City of Jerusalem answered in after-times says Maimon H. Maashe Korban c. 10. which is confirmed from Heb. 13.11 12. These kind of Sacrifices being Eminent Types of the Death of Christ Where the ashes are poured out Heb. At the pouring out of the ashes 13. The whole congregation c. Which might easily be through the Error and Misguidance of their Elders the Church of the Jews not being infallible And the thing c. Ch. 5.2 3 4. 15. The Elders Some of them at least who were the Guides and Representatives of the People Exod. 3.16.24.1 17. Veil V. 6. 22. A Ruler Any one in Eminence and Authority over the People as the Hebrew word imports 24. It is a sin-offering And because it is so it is to be killed in the place where they killed the burnt-offering ch 6.25 27. Any one Heb. Any soul Common people Heb. People of the Land 31. He shall Ch. 3.14 Sweet savour Exod. 29.18 33. In the place v. 24. 35. It shall be forgiven him i. e. His Sin shall not be imputed to him But then this forgiveness is not the fruit of the Sacrifice barely considered but is an effect of God's mercy and as the Sacrifice was a token of the Offerer's repentance as well as the Institution of God and a Type of our Saviour's death it was accepted by God and procured pardon to the Offerer who had sinned CHAP. V. The ARGUMENT Of suppressing the Truth touching an unclean thing not performing an Oath In these cases the Transgressor is to confess his Sin and bring his Offering either of the Flock Fowls or fine Flour Of Sacrilege and other Sins through ignorance and the Offering in those cases 1. AND if a soul sin and hear the voice of swearing and is a witness whether he hath seen or known of it if he do not utter it then he shall bear his iniquity 2. Or if a soul touch any unclean thing whether it be a carcase of an unclean beast or a carcase of unclean cattel or the carcase of unclean creeping things and if it be hidden from him he also shall be unclean and guilty 3. Or if he touch the uncleanness of man whatsoever uncleanness it he that a man shall be defiled withall and it be hid from him when he knoweth of it then he shall be guilty 4. Or if a soul swear pronouncing with his lips to do evil or to do good whatsoever it be that a man shall pronounce with an oath and it be hid from him when he knoweth of it then he shall be guilty in one of these 5. And it shall be when he shall be guilty in one of these things that he shall confess that he hath sinned in that thing 6. And he shall bring his trespass-offering unto the LORD for his sin which he hath sinned a female from the flock a lamb or a kid of the goats for a sin-offering and the priest shall make an atonement for him concerning his sin 7. And if he be not able to bring a lamb then he shall bring for his trespass which he hath committed two turtle-doves or two young pigeons unto the LORD one for a sin-offering and the other for a burnt offering 8. And he shall bring them unto the priest who shall offer that which is for the sin-offering first and wring off his head from his neck but shall not divide it asunder 9. And he shall sprinkle of the blood of the sin-offering upon
the side of the altar and the rest of the blood shall be wrung out at the bottom of the altar it is a sin-offering 10. And he shall offer the second for a burnt-offering according to the manner and the priest shall make an atonement for him for his sin which he had sinned and it shall be forgiven him 11. But if he be not able to bring two turtle-doves or two young pigeons then he that sinned shall bring for his offering the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a sin-offering he shall put no oyl upon it neither shall he put any frankincense thereon for it is a sin-offering 12. Then shall he bring it to the priest and the priest shall take his handfull of it even a memorial thereof and burn it on the altar according to the offerings made by fire unto the LORD it is a sin-offering 13. And the priest shall make an atonement for him as touching his sin that he hath sinned in one of these and it shall be forgiven him and the remnant shall be the priests as a meat-offering 14. And the LORD spake unto Moses saying 15. If a soul commit a trespass and sin through ignorance in the holy things of the LORD then he shall bring for his trespass unto the LORD a ram without blemish out of the flocks with thy estimation by shekels of silver after the shekel of the sanctuary for a trespass-offering 16. And he shall make amends for the harm that he hath done in the holy thing and shall add the fifth part thereto and give it unto the priest and the priest shall make an atonement for him with the ram of the trespass-offering and it shall be forgiven him 17. And if a soul sin and commit any of these things which are forbidden to be done by the commandments of the LORD though he wist it not yet is be guilty and shall bear his iniquity 18. And he shall bring a ram without blemish out of the flock with thy estimation for a trespass-offering unto the priest and the priest shall make an atonement for him concerning his ignorance wherein he erred and wist it not and it shall be forgiven him 19. It is a trespass-offering he hath certainly trespassed against the LORD 1. THE voice of swearing Or rather the voice of adjuration It was the Custom among the Jews for the Judges and Magistrates to adjure Men that were before them whether they were accused or were Witnesses to speak the truth And this they were wont to do by the holy Name of God And we have Examples of this solemn way of Adjuration in 1 Kings 22.16 2 Chron. 18.15 Matt. 26.63 He that in this case suppressed his Knowledge contracted a guilt and upon that account was obliged to bring his Offering v. 6. And Men were under a temptation to conceal their knowledge where their revealing it would bring them into danger Whoso is partner with a thief hateth his own soul he heareth cursing or adjuration it being the same word which is here rendred swearing and bewrayeth it not Prov. 29.24 Bear his iniquity He shall be guilty and liable to punishment 2. Carcase Vid. Ch. 11.8 3. The uncleanness of man Of which we have a large account Chapters 12. and 13. and 15. He shall be guilty Having contracted a legal Pollution But then he shall be unclean onely till the Evening Levit 11.24 31. Or else shall be cleansed by the Water of Purification Numb 19.16 But in case he did in the mean time eat of the Peace-offering Levit. 7.20 21. or go into the Sanctuary Numb 19.20 he was to bring his Sacrifice Maimon H. Shegag c. 10. 4. Swear c. If a person swear so rashly and inconsiderately concerning something to come viz. That he will punish Trangressors for their faults 1 Sam. 25.22 or that he will remit or do a favour to another Mark 6.22 though this Oath may happen to be to his own loss Psal 15.4 and forget his Oath when he remembers it he shall be obliged 5. Confess Repent says the Vulgar See Numb 5.6 7. 6. His Trespass-offering By this Offering which we render Trespass-offering in this place we are not to understand a Trespass-offering strictly so called and as that Offering is distinguished from a Sin-offering strictly so called in the Law of Moses Maimon hath truly observed that a female is not allowed in a Trespass-offering strictly so called Maimon praefat in Seder Kodashim which yet is required here It follows A female from the flock But a Female is allowed in a Sin-offering strictly so called Levit. 4.28 32. Besides this very Offering is expressly called a Sin-offering in this Verse and evidently designed to make atonement for Sin And in case the Offerer cannot through poverty bring a Lamb he is permitted to bring two Turtle-Doves or two young Pigeons one for a Sin-offering the other for a Burnt-offering v. 7. The first is called a Sin-offering three several times v. 8 9. And the Meat-offering substituted in case he could not be able to bring Fowls is also called a Sin-offering twice v. 11 12. Whereas in a Trespass-offering strictly so called a Ram is required v. 15. And so again v. 18. And afterwards ch 6.6 And again in a Trespass-offering strictly so called an He-lamb is expressly required ch 14.12 7. If he be not able to bring a Lamb Heb. If his hand cannot reach to the sufficiency of a Lamb. 8. Wring Ch. 1.15 10. Manner Or Ordinance viz. According as is directed ch 1.15 11. The tenth part of an Ephah See the Notes on Exod. 16.36 For it is a sin-offering And therefore shall be offered without Oyl and Frankincense which are things that import gladness and pleasure An intimation that Sin is most displeasing to God vid. Numb 5.15 12. Even a memorial Ch. 2.2 According Ch. 4.35 15. In the holy things of the LORD In the things set apart to God's service He that converted these to his private use or detained them was guilty of Sacrilege and when he did it ignorantly was obliged to bring his Offering c. With thy estimation The Priest was to value holy Things ch 27. By shekels of silver At two Shekels says the Vulgar 16. The fifth part Vid. Ch. 27.13 Of the Trespass-offering i. e. That Offering which is strictly called the Trespass-offering as it stands distinguished in this Law from the Sin-offering See the Note on v. 6. 17. Soul Ch. 4.2 Yet is he guilty Psal 19.12 CHAP. VI. The ARGUMENT Of him that wrongs his Neighbour in his Goods He is bound to make restitution and add a fifth part as well as to bring his Offering The Law of the Burnt-offering Of the Meat-offering The High-priest's Meat-offering The Law of the Sin-offering 1. AND the LORD spake unto Moses saying 2. If a soul sin and commit a trespass against the LORD and lye unto his neighbour in that which was delivered him to keep or in fellowship or in a thing
stands charged with chap. 6.11 13. Besides this cruelty would have disposed men to murder which is severely forbidden in the following words 5. The bloud of your lives i. e. That bloud which shall without just cause be spilt in the death of a man Require i. e. Find out and punish Psal 9.12 Deut. 18.19 with Acts 3.23 Beast viz. That shall shed man's bloud This afterwards God made into a Law Exod. 21.28 Brother So every man is to another man which does aggravate the Sin of Murder 6. Sheddeth i. e. Wittingly and without just cause Compare Deut. 19.4 12. By man i. e. By the Magistrate to whom this properly belongs Rom. 13.4 By witnesses according to the sentence of the Judges says the Chaldee Paraphrast See Numb 35.19 29 30. Exod. 21.12 For in the image c. This also aggravates the Sin of Murder It is a great Trespass upon God as it destroys his likeness See ch 1.24 And Self-murder upon this account is forbid as well as Killing others 11. My Covenant Or Promise For it is an absolute promise on God's part Isa 54.19 that there shall not be any more such a Floud to destroy the Earth 13. Bow i. e. The Rain-bow as Josephus hath it This Bow was in its Causes before and did questionless exist but is not till now made a pledge or token of God's Covenant or Promise 14. In the cloud There from whence Men might reasonably have feared another Floud 15. To destroy all flesh Some Inundations or particular Flouds are no objection against God's veracity 16. Remember See the Note on ch 8.1 18. Of Canaan He had other Sons besides ch 10.6 But Canaan is here mentioned as the Head of a cursed Race and in order to the ensuing relation v. 25. 20. Began It is not implied that Noah was not an Husbandman before Compare Luk. 12.1 with Matt. 16.1 25. Canaan He is justly thought to be partaker in the sin with his Father and 't is not for nothing that he is twice named with him v. 18 22. and then no wonder that we find him under a Curse Prov. 30.17 and not his Brethren Noah foretells the Evils which should befall his Off-spring of which we read at large in the Book of Joshua A servant of servants i. e. A mean or vile servant See for the phrase Eccles 1.2 Thus the Lord of Lords is the supreme Lord. 26. Lord God Who is the Author of all the Blessings that Shem shall receive and is therefore to be praised Shem is here blessed in that God is said to be the Lord God of Shem. Compare Psal 144.15 27. God c. Noah fore-tells I. That God would give the greater part of the Earth in proportion to what Shem or Ham should possess to the Sons of Japheth This sence agrees best with the Hebrew Text and may be confirmed from chap. 10. II. That He would preserve his Church among the Off-spring of Shem which is expressed by dwelling in his tents God had his House among them and of that Race he sent his Son who dwelt or pitched his Tent among them Joh. 1.14 III. The servile and base condition of Canaan's Race And Canaan shall be his Servant CHAP. X. The ARGUMENT The Original of the several Nations which sprang from the Sons of Noah The numerous Off-spring of Japheth and their large Possessions The Posterity of Ham and more particularly of Nimrod The Children of Shem. 1. NOW these are the generations of the sons of Noah Shem Ham and Japheth and unto them were sons born after the floud 2. The sons of Japheth Gomer and Magog and Modai and Javen and Tubal and Meshech and Tiras 3. And the sons of Gomer Ashkeraz and Riphath and Togarmah 4. And the sons of Javan Elishah and Tarshish Kittim and Dodanim 5. By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands every one after his tongue after their families in their nations 6. And the sons of Ham Cush and Mizraim and Phut and Canaan 7. And the sons of Cush Seba and Havilah and Sabtah and Raamah and Sabtecha and the sons of Raamah Sheba and Dedan 8. And Cush begat Nimrod he began to be a mighty one in the earth 9. He was a mighty hunter before the LORD wherefore it is said Even as Nimrod the mighty hunter before the LORD 10. And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel and Erech and Accad and Calneh in the land of Shinar 11. Out of that land went forth Ashur and builded Nineveh and the city Rehoboth and Calah 12. And Resen between Nineveh and Calah the same is a great city 13. And Mizraim begat Ludim and Anamim and Lehabim and Naphtuhim 14. And Pathrusim and Casluhim out of whom came Philistiim and Caphtorim 15. And Canaan begat Sidon his first born and Heth 16. And the Jebusite and the Emorite and the Girgasite 17. And the Hivite and the Arkite and the Sinite 18. And the Arvadite and the Zemarite and the Hamathite and afterward were the families of the Canaanites spread abroad 19. And the border of the Canaanites was from Sidon as thou comest to Gerar unto Gaza as thou goest unto Sodom and Gomorrah and Admah and Zeboim even unto Lashah 20. These are the sons of Ham after their families after their tongues in there countries and in their nations 21. Vnto Shem also the father of all the children of Eber the brother of Japheth the elder even to him were children born 22. The children of Shem Elam and Ashur and Arphaxad and Lud and Aram. 23. And the children of Aram Vz and Hul and Gether and Mash 24. And Arphaxad begat Salah and Salah begat Eber. 25. And unto Eber were born two sons the name of one was Peleg for in his days was the earth divided and his brothers name was Joktan 26. And Joktan begat Almodad and Sheleph and Hazermaveth and Jerah 27. And Hadoram and Vzal and Diklah 28. And Obal and Abimael and Sheba 29. And Ophir and Havilah and Jobab all these were the sons of Joktan 30. And their dwelling was from Mesha as thou goest unto Sephar a mount of the east 31. These are the sons of Shem after their families after their tongues in their lands after their nations 32. These are the families of the sons of Noah after their generations in their nations and by these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood 2. Gomer See Ezek 38.6 Hence 't is thought the Cimbrians came Josephus expresly tells us that the Galatians came hence Joseph Antiq. l. 1. c. 7. Magog Whence came the Scythians says Josephus Compare Ezek. 38.2 3 15. and chap. 39.2 6. Madai Hence the Medes Joseph Javan From whom the Greeks sprang Iâ—â—ia according to Josephus comes hence Hence Greece is called Javan Isa 66.19 Dan. 8.21 and ch 10.21 Tubal Of whom says Josephus came the Iberians Meshech It hath been thought that the Moscovites Josephus expresly affirms that the Cappadocians sprang from Meshech Tiras Hence the
go up unto the LORD peradventure I shall make an atonement for your sin 31. And Moses returned unto the LORD and said Oh this people have sinned a great sin and have made them gods of gold 32. Yet now if thou wilt forgive their sin and if not blot me I pray thee out of thy book which thou hast written 33. And the LORD said unto Moses whosoever hath sinned against me him will I blot out of my book 34. Therefore now go lead the people unto the place of which I have spoken unto thee Behold mine angel shall go before thee Nevertheless in the day when I visit I will visit their sin upon them 35. And the LORD plagued the people because they made the calf which Aaron made 1. THE People Not all the People but a considerable part of them See v. 26. and 1 Cor. 10.7 Vnto Aaron Or against Aaron 'T is very probable that they came in a very tumultuous and violent manner v. 22. Vp make us Gods c. Act. 7.40 They desire an Image or visible Symbol of the Divinity which might at their pleasure go before them Moses having been absent some considerable time and the Pillar which was wont to go before them having during that time stood still 2. Golden Ear-rings Possibly those very Jewels which the Egyptians had furnished them with at their departure out of Egypt ch 12.35 These Ear-rings were materials of Idolatry both now and before and after this time Gen. 35.4 Judg. 8.24 4. And c. 1 King 12.28 Psal 106.19 Thy Gods Or thy God Nehem. 9.18 They Worshipped God by this Image v. 5. which yet does not excuse them from Idolatry Act. 7.41 1 Cor. 10.7 Exod. 20.4 5. 5. To the LORD To Jehovah but yet the Calf by which Jehovah is Worshipped is called an Idol Act. 7.41 6. People 1 Cor. 10.7 Play This mirth was an attendant upon their Idolatrous Worship and is expressed by a word in the Hebrew that is sometimes applied to Whoredom Idolatry being esteemed a spiritual Whoredom or Fornication Gen. 39.17 7. Go Deut. 9.12 Thy people They have no right to be called God's people 8. They have Deut. 9.8 9. I have seen c. Ch. 33.3 Deut. 9.13 10. Let me alone c. i. e. Do not pray or intercede for them as the Chaldee hath it 11. And Moses c. Psal 106.23 The LORD Heb. The face of the LORD 12. Wherefore Numb 14.13 13. I will multiply Gen. 12.7 and 15.7 and 48.16 14. Repented c. He was appeased and turned from the Evil as the Vulgar and Chaldee have it 15. On both their sides i. e. On the two fore-sides 16. Tables Ch. 31.18 17. Shouted In the mirth mentioned v. 6. 18. Being overcome Heb. Weakness Sing Play says the Chaldee Moses being before instructed v. 7. discerned it not to be the voice of conquering or conquered People but of those who rejoiced or sang as Men were wont to do in Festivals and the Dancing attending upon them Vid. Psal 68.25 Judg. 21.19 21. 19. Brake them c. The People having first broken their Covenant with God 20. And he took c. Deut. 9.21 Burnt it He melted it probably and by that means he first destroyed the form or figure of the Calf Ground it to powder And did by this destroy the whole Compages of it and expose the Vanity of the Idol Drink c. And by this means Moses utterly destroyed all the reliques of this Idolatry Deut. 7.25 There is an Opinion among the Jews that this drink was like the Water of Jealousie Numb 5. serving for the discovery of the Idolaters whom the Levites destroyed 24. And there came out this Calf A very weak excuse of his Sin much like that which we read Gen. 3.12 and 1 Sam. 15.15 25. Naked i. e. By reason of their Sin stripped and robbed of the favour and protection of God which was their glory and their strength vid. Numb 14.9 And now they were exposed to the scorn and violence of their Enemies Their enemies Heb. Those that rose up against them 26. On the LORD's side i. e. That have not fallen into Idolatry 29. For Moses c. Or And Moses said Consecrate your selves to day to the LORD because every man hath been against his son and against his brother c. 32. Out of thy book which thou hast written This is spoken of God after the manner of Men and speaks the great Charity of Moses who chooses rather to suffer though death it self see Num. 11.15 than to behold the destruction of his People 33. Whosoever c. He that sins shall die 34. Angel See ch 23.20 35. Plagued By the Levites and in the plagues afterwards CHAP. XXXIII The ARGUMENT God refuseth to go with the People at which Message they mourn The Tabernacle or Tent of Moses is removed out of the Camp The cloudy Pillar stands at the door of it God speaks unto Moses Face to Face Moses desires God to shew him his Way and his Glory God's words to Moses upon this occasion 1. AND the LORD said unto Moses Depart and go up hence thou and the people which thou hast brought up out of the land of Egypt unto the land which I sware unto Abraham to Isaac and to Jacob saying Vnto thy seed will I give it 2. And I will send an Angel before thee and I will drive out the Canaanite the Amorite and the Hittite and the Perizzite the Hivite and the Jebusite 3. Vnto a land flowing with milk and honey for I will not go up in the midst of thee for thou art a stiff-necked people lest I consume thee in the way 4. And when the people heard these evil tidings they mourned and no man did put on him his ornaments 5. For the LORD had said unto Moses Say unto the children of Israel Ye are a stiff-necked people I will come up into the midst of thee in a moment and consume thee therefore now put off thy ornaments from thee that I may know what to do unto thee 6. And the children of Israel stript themselves of their ornaments by the mount Horeb. 7. And Moses took the Tabernacle and pitched it without the camp afar off from the camp and called it the Tabernacle of the congregation And it came to pass that every one which sought the LORD went out unto the Tabernacle of the congregation which was without the camp 8. And it came to pass when Moses went out unto the tabernacle that all the people rose up and stood every man at his tent-door and looked after Moses untill he was gone into the tabernacle 9. And it came to pass as Moses entred into the tabernacle the cloudy pillar descended and stood at the door of the tabernacle and the LORD talked with Moses 10. And all the people saw the cloudy pillar stand at the tabernacle-door and all the people rose up and worshipped every man in his tent-door 11. And the LORD spake unto
of God Secondly What things were admitted where the Oblation was of things that were inanimate And such things there were in the Meat-offering of which Offering I shall speak more particularly afterwards viz. Fine Flour Oil Frankincense Salt and in one case green Ears of Corn Levit. 2.1 14. and Wine Numb 15.28 II. The bloudy Sacrifices were of four sorts and they were these The Holocausts or whole Burnt-offerings the Sin-offerings the Trespass-offerings and the Peace-offerings A short account of which the Reader may take as follows The Holocaust or Burnt-offering deserves to be considered first For so it is by Moses in this Book of Leviticus Besides it hath been thought to be the most ancient kind of Sacrifice and certain it is that it is in it self the most perfect and comprehensive and speaks the greatest devotion and generosity 2 Chron. 29.31 in the Offerer For this Sacrifice was intirely burnt and consumed it was all God's nothing of the Flesh remained to the Priest or to the Offerer Levit. 1.9 13. It must be a Male that is offered in this principal Sacrifice Levit. 1.3 10. with ch 22.19 And though it were expiatory Levit. 1.3 yet it does not always suppose a particular Sin or Trespass that obliged the Offerer to bring this kind of Sacrifice But was as freely offered and very often as voluntary in all respects as any other Offering whatsoever Levit. 22.18 19. Some of these were offered for private Persons others for the whole Congregation For the whole Congregation there were a certain number fixed and stated and continually offered up year by year Two were offered up daily besides the Additionals on every Sabbath New Moon and Festival the number of which reckoning 365 days in a year comes to no less than 1243 Head of the Herd and Flock as may soon be collected from Numb ch 28. and ch 29. Some were for private persons and upon particular occasions and emergencies the number of which cannot therefore be precisely taken as may be done in those above-named There were many Occasions which when they happened and that they frequently did required an Holocaust by the Letter of the Law of Moses and there were many also that were voluntarily offered and I leave the Reader to collect these Occasions from the Books of Moses For I shou'd be too large if I should in this place very particularly insist upon all those matters which would fall under this Head I proceed therefore to The Sin-offering This supposeth a Sin antecedent and that of the Congregation or of a private Person For there are of them also as hath been observed of the Holocausts before some that were offered up for the Sins of the Congregation and others for the Sins of private Persons as appears abundantly from Leviticus ch 4. But there is another division of Sin-offerings which is very much to be heeded For whereas generally speaking the Priest did partake of the Sin-offering though the Offerer never did as appears Levit. 6.26 29. and ch 10.17 Yet there were some Sin-offerings in which the Priest did not partake v. g. when he offered a Sin-offering for himself or for the whole Congregation Levit. 4. Here as in the whole Burnt-offering all was burnt and besides that without the Camp also We have a general Rule in this case in the words which follow No Sin-offering whereof any of the bloud is brought into the tabernacle of the congregation to reconcile withall in the holy place shall be eaten it shall be burnt in the fire Levit. 6.30 There is still a third division of the Sin-offerings and it is this viz. That some of them were fixed and determined i. e. The Offerer knew what certain Offering he must in that case bring Some of them were undetermined and as occasion was might admit of more or less E. g. Thus the Sin-offering for the Priest was determined it must be a young Bullock Levit. 4.3 The whole Congregation is obliged to the same v. 14. The Ruler in that case was obliged to offer a Kid of the Goats and that a Male also v. 23. One of the common people was obliged to bring a female Kid of the Goats v. 28. But in other cases and where the Offerer was poor He was allowed a cheaper Offering instead of a more costly one where he was directed to a Lamb or a Kid Levit. 5.6 yet in case of poverty God would accept of two Turtle-Doves or two young Pigeons v. 7. And when his poverty was very great God allowed of the tenth part of an Ephah of fine Flour for his Sin-offering and that without the expence of either Oil or Frankincense mingled with it v. 11. I proceed to the Trespass-offering strictly so called We find this Offering different from the Sin-offering in several particulars For 1. The Sin-offering was sometime offered for the whole Congregation as well as for private Persons but we find no Trespass-offering required for the Congregation 2. A Female was allowed for a Sin-offering but a Male was always required in a Trespass-offering strictly so called See the Notes on Levit. 5.6 3. The Bloud of the Sin-offering was to be put upon the Horns that of the Trespass-offering on the sides of the Altar Levit. 4.7 with ch 7.2 In this indeed they both agreed that they were not to be offered voluntarily and at pleasure as Holocausts and Peace-offerings might And in this they agreed also that both the one and the other were most Holy and the remainder of them to be eaten by the Priests onely in the Holy place And in this respect they differed much from the Holocausts and Peace-offerings the first whereof had no remainders to be eaten either by Priest or Offerer the latter might be eaten by Priest and Offerer or other persons that were legally clean and that in a clean place There are two sorts of these Trespass-offerings mentioned by the Jewish Writers 1. There is one which they commonly call Asham Talui i. e. an Offering for a doubtfull Trespass E. g. When a Man was not absolutely sure that he had trespassed but yet suspected he might be guilty of a Trespass that required an Offering in such a case of suspense he was obliged to this kind of Trespass-offering For this the Jews are said to ground themselves upon Levit. 5. 17 18. This spake a pious care And Job is remembred for his Piety when he offered up Holocausts daily for his Sons in their days of their feasting For Job said It may be that my Sons have sinned and cursed God in their hearts Job 1.5 There is another 2. Trespass-offering for a Trespass that was certain and known And under this Head we find the following Severals in the Law of Moses There was one for the Nazarite who was defiled with the dead Numb 6.12 Another for the Leper who was to be cleansed Lev. 14.12 Another for him that had defiled an Hebrew Bond-woman Lev. 19.20 21. Another for him that was guilty of Sacrilege Lev.
5.16 And one for him that had failed in Trust and defrauded his Neighbour Lev. 6.2 3 4 5 6. I shall now proceed to the remaining sort of bloudy Sacrifices viz. The Peace-offerings The two last kind of Offerings viz. that for Sin and Trespass supposed the Offerer obnoxious and God to be displeased and they were appointed for Atonement and Reconciliation But these Offerings suppose God reconciled to the Offerer and him to be at peace with God and in his favour And as an undeniable proof of that the Offerer was here admitted to partake of the Altar For whereas in the Holocausts the Altar consumed all the Flesh of the Sacrifice neither Priest nor People were allowed to partake And in the Sin and Trespass-offerings though the Priests did partake yet the Offerers had no share allowed them In these Peace-offerings the Offerers themselves were admitted to partake of the Sacrifice and to feast upon it They did partake of the Lord's Table and that was a sign of favour and friendship For eating together was always esteemed so and was therefore used of old in making Covenants and Agreements They who partake of the Altar have fellowship or communion with God as they are partakers of his Table vid. 1 Cor. 10.16 17 18 19 20 21. There are three several sorts of these Peace-offerings expressly mentioned in this Book of Leviticus ch 7.11 12 16. viz. The Thanksgiving the Vow and voluntary Offering We must know that all these Offerings had relation to prosperous things the first of these three to such as were already obtained and did therefore look backward altogether the other two looked forward toward some good things in hope or prospect The Jewish Writers observe a difference between the two latter of them in the manner after which the Offerer obliged himself to one or the other of them He that made a Vow said thus or to this effect Behold I take upon my self an Holocaust or a Peace-offering to be offered But the voluntary Offerer said Behold such a beast is an Holocaust or a Peace-offering The difference is very considerable For in the first there is an Obligation to a certain kind of Oblation in the second the individual Beast or thing to be offered is named So that in the voluntary Offering if the Beast c. set aside for the Offering should chance to perish before 't was offered the Obligation of the Offerer was in the same moment extinguished 'T was otherwise in a Vow For as the Votary is supposed in some strait or danger when he made his Vow so the very form of words in which his Vow is conceived obligeth him to make it good There is this farther difference between these two Offerings and the reason of it is manifest That whatever was vowed must be perfect in its kind for nothing else might be sacrificed But a less perfect Beast was accepted in a voluntary Offerer and though the thing that was imperfect might not be offered on God's Altar yet the price of it would be accepted for an holy use The words of the Law are express Either a Bullock or a Lamb that hath any thing superfluous or lacking in its parts that mayest thou offer for a free-will Offering but for a Vow it shall not be accepted Levit. 22.23 This Observation gives great light to the words of the Prophet Cursed be the deceiver which hath in his flock a male and voweth and sacrificeth unto the Lord a corrupt thing Mal. 1.14 The VOWING and SACRIFICING a corrupt thing was a breach of two Laws and most express Prohibitions For the Thanksgiving-offering 't was provided with great reason that it should be eaten the same day Levit. 7.15 This obliged the Offerer to Charity or Hospitality For 't is not supposed he could eat it alone Under this Head are reckoned the Nazarite's Offering Numb 6.17 The Paschal Lamb the Chagigah or Festival and additional Offerings c. These Peace-offerings were for the Congregation in which case the remainder belonged to the Priests or else for private persons And then the Sacrifice was divided into three parts First there was God's part which the Jews call Immurim which was burnt upon the Altar or God's Table of which see Levit. 3.2 3 4 5. Secondly the Priest's Portion viz. the Breast and Shoulder Levit. 7.31 32. Thirdly the Offerer's part which was the rest of the Flesh and above three parts of four of the flesh of the whole which might be eaten any-where in Jerusalem or any clean place in the Camp to which the City answered in after-times Levit. 10.14 And it might be eaten by any Israelite Man or Woman that were clean The Peace-offering is not offered of the Fowls but of the Bullock Sheep or Kid Male or Female Small or Great And this is a more general account of the bloudy Sacrifices and all the bloudy Sacrifices mentioned in the Law of Moses are reducible to one of these sorts or compounded of them says Maimon Praefat. ad Seder Kodashim I proceed to give some short account Of the Meat-offering which by the Jews is called Minchah which consisted of things inanimate as was observed before And such things they were as are of great use to the support of life viz. Flour Oil Wine Salt c. I will not enlarge upon this Head Some of these Meat-offerings were solitary i. e. were offered alone and by themselves others were offered with bloudy Sacrifices as concomitants Some without Wine others with viz. the concomitant ones Some were for the whole Congregation viz. the waved sheaf Levit. 23.11 The two wave loaves Levit. 23.17 The shew-bread Exod. 25.11 Some for private persons And under this last Head the Jews reckon several Among which were that for the poor Sinner who could not bear the price of a bloudy Sacrifice Lev. 5.11 That for the suspected Woman Numb 5. besides the voluntary ones III. I shall shew in few words how very usefull it is to understand this matter And so it is on sundry accounts For 1. We shall by this means the better apprehend the meaning of the Law of Moses and many times better discern the reason of some particular Laws and see in the whole System and Doctrine of the Sacrifices a greater Congruity and Harmony and Consistence than we could do otherwise And this will render the reading this part of the Law more entertaining to us 2. We shall better understand the Christian Doctrine For here are many things that point at things to come to pass in the days of the Messias and that referr to his Sufferings and Death and the atonement he made by the Sacrifice of himself And there are many passages in the New Testament especially in the Epistle to the Hebrews which will by this means be better understood I have often thought the Book of Leviticus an excellent Comment on the Epistle to the Hebrews 3. We may hence be farther convinced of the Divine Perfections Of God's purity who declares his hatred of
invading their Office Deut. 31.9 Josh 3.6 and 6.6 Die 1 Chron. 13.10 16. Sweet incensâ— Exod. 30.34 Anointing oyl Exod. 30.23 18. Cut ye not off i. e. Do not occasion their destruction by neglecting to appoint them to their Service and leaving the Holy things uncovered v. 19 20. 20. Lest they die See 1 Sam. 6.19 compared with Lev. 16.2 and Exod. 19.12 23. To perform the service Heb. To war the warfare 24. Burdens Or Carriage 25. The Curtains c. i. e. The ten Curtains and the eleven which are mentioned Exod. 26. His covering viz. That of Ram's Skins Exod 26.14 27. Appointment Heb. Mouth 28. Vnder the hand Or In the hand i. e. The care and direction v. 33. 30. Service Heb. Warfare 31. Boards Exod 26.15 32. By name These things being very many of the smallest value and therefore the more liable to miscarry are to be numbred up particularly that not a Pin or Cord might be wanting when the Tabernacle was to be set up again 44. Three thousand and two hundred The Number of the Merarites taken chap. 3. was less than that of the Gershonites or Kohathites But the Number of them who are fit for Service is greater than either of thâ—â— whereas there were four Families of the Kohathites and but two of the Merarites So that though they had the greatest burden and variety of things under their charge they had no cause to complain having also the greatest number of Men fit to do the work belonging to them And as their number and burden was great so was their allowance and encouragement also chap. 7.7 8 9. 47. To do the service of the ministery and the service of the burden See the Note on verse 3. 49. Thus were they numbred c. That they were numbred by Moses c. we are told before The design of Numbring seems to be intimated here as well as the Order in which they are numbred For here they are numbred according to their service and for that reason the Kohathites are first numbred because they were charged with the most Holy and Principal things belonging to the Sanctuary Elsewhere the Sons of Levi stand in another Order Gershon being first named then Kohath and Merari Exod. 6.16 And the same Order is observed where their Families are numbred from a month old and upwards Numb 3.21 27 33. CHAP. V. The ARGUMENT The Vnclean are removed out of the Camp Of Restitution in case of Wrong done Of the Water of Jealousie 1. AND the LORD spake unto Moses saying 2. Command the children of Israel that they put out of the camp every lâ—â—er and every one that hath an issue and whosoever is defiled by the dead 3. Both male and female shall ye put out without the camp shall ye put them that they defile not their camps in the midst whereof I dwell 4. And the children of Israel did so and put them out without the camp as the LORD spake unto Moses so did the children of Israel 5. And the LORD spake unto Moses saying 6. Speak unto the children of Israel When a man or woman shall commit any sin that men commit to do a trespass against the LORD and that person be guilty 7. Then they shall confess their sin which they have done and he shall recompense his trespass with the principal thereof and add unto it the fifth part thereof and give it unto him against whom he hath trespassed 8. But if the man have no kinsman to recompense the trespass unto let the trespass be recompensed unto the LORD even to the priest beside the ram of the atonement whereby an atonement shall be made for him 9. And every offering of all the holy things of the children of Israel which they bring unto the priest shall be his 10. And every man's hallowed things shall be his whatsoever any man giveth the priest it shall be his 11. And the LORD spake unto Moses saying 12. Speak unto the children of Israel and say unto them If any man's wife go aside and commit a trespass against him 13. And a man lie with her carnally and it be hid from the eyes of her husband and be kept close and she be defiled and there be no witness against her neither she be taken with the manner 14. And the spirit of jealousie come upon him and he be jealous of his wife and she be defiled or if the spirit of jealousie come upon him and he be jealous of his wife and she be not defiled 15. Then shall the man bring his wife unto the priest and he shall bring her offering for her the tenth part of an ephah of barley-meal he shall pour no oyl upon it nor put frankincense thereon for it is an offering of jealousie an offering of memorial bringing iniquity to remembrance 16. And the priest shall bring her near and set her before the LORD 17. And the priest shall take holy water in an earthen vessel and of the dust that is in the floor of the tabernacle the priest shall take and put it into the water 18. And the priest shall set the woman before the LORD and uncover the woman's head and put the offering of memorial in her hands which is the jealousie-offering and the priest shall have in his hand the bitter water that causeth the curse 19. And the priest shall charge her by an oath and say unto the woman If no man have lien with thee and if thou hast not gone aside to uncleanness with another in stead of thy husband be thou free from this bitter water that causeth the curse 20. But if thou hast gone aside to another in stead of thy husband and if thou be defiled and some man hath lien with thee beside thine husband 21. Then the priest shall charge the woman with an oath of cursing and the priest shall say unto the woman The LORD make thee a curse and an oath among thy people when the LORD doth make thy thigh to rot and thy belly to swell 22. And this water that causeth the curse shall go into thy bowels to make thy belly to swell and thy thigh to rot And the woman shall say Amen amen 23. And the priest shall write these curses in a book and he shall blot them out with the bitter water 24. And he shall cause the woman to drink the bitter water that causeth the curse and the water that causeth the curse shall enter into her and become bitter 25. Then the priest shall take the jealousie-offering out of the woman's hand and shall wave the offering before the LORD and offer it upon the altar 26. And the priest shall take an handfull of the offering even the memorial thereof and burn it upon the altar and afterward shall cause the woman to drink the water 27. And when he hath made her to drink the water then it shall come to pass that if she be defiled and have done trespass against her husband that the water
with the People to desist from so great a sin Numb 16.4.20.6 Deut. 1.29 30. 6. Rent their clothes This they did in token of Sorrow 9. They are bread i. e. They will easily be devoured and destroyed by us Vid. ch 24.8 Ps 14.4 Their defence Heb. Shadow A Shadow being a defence against Heat is used here for defence or protection See Luk. 1.35 Ps 91.1 Isa 30.2 To which may be added Psal 121.5 6. The Lord is thy keeper the Lord is thy shade upon thy right hand The sun shall not smite thee by day nor the moon by night And it follows v. 7. The Lord shall preserve thee from all evil he shall preserve thy soul Their Defence was God who hath now deserted them their Iniquities being now full Gen. 15.16 and it follows The LORD is with us 10. The glory of the LORD By it is meant some extraordinary light and brightness of the Cloud as a sign of God's more special Presence at this time in which his Servants were in danger of being stoned See Exod. 24.16 17. ch 40.34 Levit. 9.23 Numb 16.19 42.20.6 13. Moses said Exod. 32.11 14. Art seen face to face i. e. Art known to be present by a visible sign thereof see v. 10. Thy cloud Exod. 13.21 16. Able Deut. 9.18 17. Let the power of my Lord be great i. e. Let the greatness of thy Power appear in pardoning and forbearing this People 18. Long-suffering Exod. 34.6 Ps 103.8 Visiting the iniquity Exod. 20.5 and 34.7 19. Vntil now Or Hitherto 20. I have pardoned At least God remits when he does not slay them as one Man and all at once as the Israelites did deserve and God it is probable had threatned v. 15. with v. 12. though he did not wholly forgive the sin 21. All the earth shall be filled with the glory of the LORD q. d. Although this People be not brought into the promised Land yet shall I be justified in my proceedings against them and by my mighty and righteous Works sufficiently provide for the Honour of my Name see v. 15 16. among all the Inhabitants of the Earth which shall hear of these things 22. Because c. The destruction of the Israelites will not redound to the dishonour of God because I. They had been disobedient to him they had tempted him and provoked him II. They were guilty of Rebellion against God after the greatest Mercies and proofs of God's Presence and Providence they had seen his Glory and his Miracles III. God did not punish them for their first fault but they had often tempted him which is here expressed by Ten times See Gen. 31.7 IV. None of them are devoted to destruction but those who provoked God v. 23 24 30. Nor are they destroyed suddenly 23. Surely they shall not see the land Heb. If they see the land 24. Caleb Josh 14.6 With whom Joshua is reckoned v. 30. Another spirit A Spirit of Courage and Truth which ten of the Spies wanted 25. Now the Amalekites and the Canaanites dwelt in the valley God having consented upon the Request of Moses to spare the People or not to destroy them suddenly v. 20. does here give them notice of their danger at present from the Amalekites and Canaanites who at this time lay ready in the Valley to give them Battel By Canaanites may well be understood any of the Inhabitants of the Land Gen. 10.15 18. or else perhaps some particular People or Family for so the word Canaanite seems elsewhere to import Vid. Numb 13.29 And whereas it is said They dwelt in the valley we need not extend it any farther than that they were there at this time which does not contradict what is said v. 45. 28. As truly as I live Chap. 26.65 and 32.11 Deut. 1.35 29. From twenty years old and upward Thus were the People numbred ch 1. but the Levites were numbred from a Month old and upward ch 3.15 and are therefore not denounced against in the following words 30. Sware Heb. Lifted up my hand 33. Wander Or Feed like Herdsmen they shall shift from one place of the Desart to another Forty years These are to be reckoned from their coming out of Egypt from which this was the second Year Deut. 2.14 Whoredoms i. e. The punishment thereof Their departing from God especially their Idolatry is justly called a Spiritual Whoredom or Fornication ch 15.39 Deut. 32.16 34. Forty days Psal 95.10 Ezek. 4.6 My breach of promise Or Altering of my purpose God cannot be said to break his Promise or to alter his Purpose Nor do the ancient Versions favour such a rendring of this place The Hebrew word onely imports a making void or breaking off It imports here God's departure from this People who had first forsaken him and failed in their Obedience which gave them a title to the promised good things being the Condition on their part 37. Died by the plague 1 Cor. 10.10 Heb. 3.17 Jude v. 5. 40. We be here Deut. 1.40 41. The commandment Mentioned v. 25. 44. The ark of the covenant Their guide ch 10.33 45. The Cananites i. e. The Amorites Deut. 1.44 See the Notes on v. 25. Discomfited Deut. 1.44 Hormah See ch 21.3 So called here Proleptically or by way of Anticipation CHAP. XV. The ARGUMENT Of the Meat-offering and Drink-offering annexed to the Sâ—crifices The Proselyte is obliged to the same Law Of the Cake for an Heave-offering Of the Sacrifices for Sins of Ignorance Of the presumptuous Sinner Of him that gathered Sticks on the Sabbath Day Of the Fringes 1. AND the LORD spake unto Moses saying 2. Speak unto the children of Israel and say unto them When ye be come into the land of your habitations which I give unto you 3. And will make an offering by fire unto the LORD a burnt-offering or a sacrifice in performing a vow or in a free-will-offering or in your solemn feasts to make a sweet savour unto the LORD of the herd or of the flock 4. Then shall he that offereth his offering unto the LORD bring a meat-offering of a tenth-deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of oyl 5. And the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink-offering shalt thou prepare with the burnt-offering or sacrifice for one lamb 6. Or for a ram thou shalt prepare for a meat-offering two tenth-deals of flour mingled with the third part of an hin of oyl 7. And for a drink-offering thou shalt offer the third part of an hin of wine for a sweet savour unto the LORD 8. And when thou preparest a bullock for a burnt-offering or for a sacrifice in performing a vow or peace-offerings unto the LORD 9. Then shall he bring with a bullock a meat-offering of three tenth-deals of flour mingled with half an hin of oyl 10. And thou shalt bring for a drink-offering half an hin of wine for an offering made by fire of a sweet savour unto the LORD 11. Thus shall it be done for
one bullock or for one ram or for a lamb or a kid 12. According to the number that ye shall prepare so shall ye do to every one according to their number 13. All that are born of the country shall do these things after this manner in offering an offering made by fire of a sweet savour unto the LORD 14. And if a stranger sojourn with you or whosoever be among you in your generations and will offer an offering made by fire of a sweet savour unto the LORD as ye do so he shall do 15. One ordinance shall be both for you of the congregation and also for the stranger that sojourneth with you an ordinance for ever in your generations as ye are so shall the stranger be before the LORD 16. One law and one manner shall be for you and for the stranger that sojourneth with you 17. And the LORD spake unto Moses saying 18. Speak unto the children of Israel and say unto them When ye come into the land whither I bring you 19. Then it shall be that when ye eat of the bread of the land ye shall offer up an heave-offering unto the LORD 20. Ye shall offer up a cake of the first of your dough for an heave-offering as ye do the heave-offering of the threshing-floor so shall ye heave it 21. Of the first of your dough ye shall give unto the LORD an heave-offering in your generations 22. And if ye have erred and not observed all these commandments which the LORD hath spoken unto Moses 23. Even all that the LORD hath commanded you by the hand of Moses from the day that the LORD commanded Moses and hence-forward among your generations 24. Then it shall be if ought be committed by ignorance without the knowledge of the congregation that all the congregation shall offer one young bullock for a burnt-offering for a sweet savour unto the LORD with his meat-offering and his drink-offering according to the manner and one kid of the goats for a sin-offering 25. And the priest shall make an atonement for all the congregation of the children of Israel and it shall be forgiven them for it is ignorance and they shall bring their offering a sacrifice made by fire unto the LORD and their sin-offering before the LORD for their ignorance 26. And it shall be forgiven all the congregation of the children of Israel and the stranger that sojourneth among them seeing all the people were in ignorance 27. And if any soul sin through ignorance then he shall bring a she-goat of the first year for a sin-offering 28. And the priest shall make an atonement for the soul that sinneth ignorantly when he sinneth by ignorance before the LORD to make an atonement for him and it shall be forgiven him 29. You shall have one law for him that sinneth through ignorance both for him that is born amongst the children of Israel and for the stranger that sojourneth among them 30. But the soul that doeth ought presumptuously whether he be born in the land or a stranger the same reproacheth the LORD and that soul shall be cut off from among his people 31. Because he hath despised the word of the LORD and hath broken his commandment that soul shall utterly be cut off his iniquity shall be upon him 32. And while the children of Israel were in the wilderness they found a man that gathered sticks upon the sabbath-day 33. And they that found him gathering sticks brought him unto Moses and Aaron and unto all the congregation 34. And they put him in ward because it was not declared what should be done to him 35. And the LORD said unto Moses The man shall be surely put to death all the congregation shall stone him with stones without the camp 36. And all the congregation brought him without the camp and stoned him with stones and he died as the LORD commanded Moses 37. And the LORD spake unto Moses saying 38. Speak unto the children of Israel and hid them that they make them fringes in the borders of their garments throughout their generations and that they put upon the fringe of the borders a ribband of blue 39. And it shall be unto you for a fringe that ye may look upon it and remember all the commandments of the LORD and do them and that ye seek not after your own heart and your own eyes after which ye use to go a whoring 40. That ye may remember and do all my commandments and be holy unto your God 41. I am the LORD your God which brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God I am the LORD your God 2. Speak Levit. 23.10 When ye be come c. In these words they are given to understand that God would make good his Promise of giving the Land to their Children ch 14.31 notwithstanding their Diffidence and Murmurings for which they were sentenced to die in the Wilderness ch 14.29 3. An offering by fire This is a general expression of those Offerings which were in whole or part burnt upon the Altar A burnt-offering or a sacrifice These two are the kinds of Offerings by Fire to which the following Precept belongs This Precept which follows concerned the daily Burnt-offering as well as others Exod. 29.40 By Sacrifice here is meant a Peace-offering So the word Sacrifice does sometimes import v. g. Exod. 18.12 Levit. 17.5 8. ch 22.37 Deut. 12.27 And that it does so here is evident from the words which follow where we have mention of a Vow and Free-will-offering which are two of the distinct kinds contained under the general Head of Peace-offerings Levit. 7.16 ch 22.21 In performing Heb. In separating Levit. 22.21 Sweet Savour Exod. 29.18 4. Shall he Levit 2.1 A tenth-deal i. e. The tenth part of an Ephah as the Vulgar Latin and Greek have it here and is expressly said Numb 28.5 This tenth-deal of an Ephah is the same with an Omer See the Note on Exod. 16.36 An Hin This is a Measure of Liquids containing about the quantity of our Gallon 8. Or for a sacrifice See the Note on v. 3. Peace-offerings i. e. The one kind thereof called a Free-will-offering v. 3. 15. One ordinance Exod. 12.49 chap. 9.14 Before the LORD i. e. In matters relating to God's Service which are here spoken of 20. A cake of the first of your dough This Cake was not to be offered upon the Altar but to be given to the Priests to whom all Heave-offerings as well as the First-fruits were due ch 18.8 The giving it to them was giving it to the Lord v. 19 21. As ye do See Levit. 2.14 22. And not observed c. See Levit 4.13 That place speaks of doing that which ought not to be done This of not doing what ought to be done 24. Committed Or admitted For the word does not import this a Sin of Commission and from the Context it appears that a Sin of Omission is here spoken of Without the knowledge
mount Hor in the sight of all the congregation 28. And Moses stripped Aaron of his garments and put them upon Eleazar his son and Aaron died there in the top of the mount and Moses and Eleazar came down from the mount 29. And when all the congregation saw that Aaron was dead they mourned for Aaron thirty days even all the house of Israel 1. IN the first mouth viz. Of the fortieth Year after they came out of Egypt ch 33.38 and when the Generation of Men who were fit for Battel were consumed Deut. 2.14 Miriam She was Sister to Moses and Aaron and a Prophetess also Exod. 15.20 Micah 6.4 2. There was no water The Water which came out of Horeb and had supplied them in the Wilderness 1 Cor. 10.4 now they draw nigh the promised land fails them Exod. 17.6 3. Chode Exod. 17.2 When our brethren ch 11.33 6. Fell upon their faces See Chap. 14. v. 5. 8. The rod i. e. That Rod with which Moses wrought his Miracles in Egypt which is called his Rod v. 11. and it is probable was lodged in the Sanctuary v. 9. For Moses is said v. 9. to have taken it from before the LORD 12. Because ye believed me not c. It may be matter of enquiry wherein consisted the sin of Moses with which Aaron is also charged as consenting to it In answer to which it is to be considered I. That the very Letter of God's command was broken First In that Moses smote the Rock with his Rod and smote it twice v. 11. whereas he had received no such command from God but was commanded to speak to the Rock v. 8. that the People might see how easily God could supply their want of Water Whereas in the Waters of Horeb he was indeed expressly required to smite with the Rod as well as to take it Exod. 17.5 6. For though he were here commanded to take the Rod yet that does not imply that he was to smite with it as appears from the following Instances Exod. 8.5 6. with ch 9.23 and ch 10.13 and ch 14.16 Secondly In speaking to the People which Moses had no Commission to do and not to the Rock which was expressly commanded v. 8 10. II. That this open breach of God's Command was committed in the sight and face of the Assembly v. 8. hence are Moses and Aaron charged for not sanctifying the Lord in the eyes of the children of Israel v. 12. III. Moses was also guilty of some degree of Unbelief and distrust of God's Power and Veracity as appears from v. 12. compared with v. 10. Must we or can we as the Vulgar hath it fetch water c. which seems to intimate a doubting Vid. Gen. 18.13 and too much Anger and Commotion of Mind They provoked his spirit so that he spake unadvisedly with his lips Psal 106.33 And as the degrees of these sins were known to God onely so it is certain upon the whole they were guilty of that which is elsewhere called Trespass and Rebellion Numb 27.14 Deut. 32.51 To sanctifie me c. i. e. By your ready and absolute Obedience to my Command to own my Sovereignty as well as Veracity in the presence of the Children of Israel 13. This is c. Ps 106.32 Meribah That is Strife And he was sanctified in them i. e. In Moses and Aaron by punishing their Disobedience See Levit 10.3 Ezek. 38.16 22 23. 14. Befallen us Heb. Found us 16. An Angel See Exod. 3.2 17. The King 's high way i. e. The Common Road of all Travellers See v. 19. and ch 21.22 21. Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border Though he refused this yet he did not deny them Victuals and Water for Money as they passed by him See Deut. 2.28 29. 22. Kadesh Ch. 33.37 Mount Hor This Mount was upon the Coast of Edom v. 23. Hence the Horims might have their Name to whom the Children of Esau succeeded in Seir Deut. 2.12 And hence Seir was called an Horite Gen. 36.20 24. Word Heb. Mouth 25. Take Aaron c. Ch. 33.38 Deut. 32.50 26. Of his garments viz. Of his Priestly Robes This implied the devesting him of his Office as the putting them upon Eleazar his Son implied the succeeding of Eleazar into his Father's Employment and Dignity Isa 22.20 21. 28. Aaron died there Deut. 10.6 and ch 32.50 This happened in the fortieth year after the Israelites came out of Egypt on the first day of the fifth month when Aaron was an hundred twenty and three years old ch 33.38 39. The Death of Aaron shews the Insufficiency of the Levitical Priesthood Heb. 7.23 24. 29. Thirty days See Deut. 34.8 CHAP. XXI The ARGUMENT The Israelites get a Victory over the Canaanites They murmur and are thereupon destroyed with fiery Serpents They are upon their Repentance healed by a Serpent of Brass They remove to a Place called Oboth and after other Removes they come to Arnon and thence to Beer Some other Removes Sihon and Og are over-come by the Israelites 2552. 1452. 1. AND when king Arad the Canaanite which dwelt in the south heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies then he fought against Israel and took some of them prisoners 2. And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD and said If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand then I will utterly destroy their cities 3. And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel and delivered up the Canaanites and they utterly destroyed them and their cities and he called the name of the place Hormah 4. And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way of the Red-sea to compass the land of Edom and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way 5. And the people spake against God and against Moses Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness for there is no bread neither is there any water and our soul lotheth this light bread 6. And the LORD sent fiery serpents among the people and they bit the people and much people of Israel died 7. Therefore the people came to Moses and said We have sinned for we have spoken against the LORD and against thee pray unto the LORD that he take away the serpents from us and Moses prayed for the people 8. And the LORD said unto Moses Make thee a fiery serpent and set it upon a pole and it shall come to pass that every one that is bitten when he looketh upon it shall live 9. And Moses made a serpent of brass and put it upon a pole and it came to pass that if a serpent had bitten any man when he beheld the serpent of brass he lived 10. And the children of Israel set forward and pitched in Oboth 11. And they journeyed from Oboth and pitched at Ije-abarim in the wilderness which is before Moab toward the sun-rising 12. From thence they removed and pitched in the valley of Zared 13. From