quench'd with Wine the Bones being gather'd together were sprinkled with Wine and washed with Milk till separated from the Ashes and then perfumed and put into the Urn and buried 12. At the Funerals of great Persons there were Ludi called Novendiales 13. There were Suppers 1. Coena feralis a sorry one usually sent in by the Friends of the Dead and dress'd by Coquus Nundinalis as Plautus calls him and cast into the Funeral Fire to the Dii manes and burnt with the Body 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Drinking prepared for those that come from the Funeral back to the House of Mourning 3. Silicernium 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 this was set down at the Grave 4. Epulum Novendiale the more solemn Entertainment Dr. Holyday Illustr on Jav and Persius 14. They strewed Flowers on the Sepulchre and planted them on the Graves and this sometimes yearly Modern Heathens The Funerals of the Bannyans in East-India are of the old stamp burning the Corps to Ashes in a holy fire compounded of all sorts of costly Woods and Aromatick Spices the Wife also in expectation to enjoy her Husband amongst incomparable pleasures invelops her dainty Body with the merciless Flames for which affection she obtains a living Memory The reason of which custom was the spite of former Wives in poysoning their Husbands which gave occasion to their Prince to make such a Law That the Wife should be burn'd with the Husband as Sir Tho. Herbert in his Travels tells us out of Aelia and St. Hierome In Angola they bury thus the Dead is wash'd painted apparrell'd and laid to sleep in a spacious Dormitory his Armolets Bracelets and voluntary Shackles accompany him they circle the Grave with Mimic Gestures and Ejaculations concluding with the Sacrifice of a Goat Sir Th. Herbert and Rosse The Persees put the Body into a Winding-sheet as they go to the Grave the Kindred beat their Breasts all the way but with little Noise till they come within fifty or an hundred paces of the Burial-place where the Herbood meets them usually attired with a yellow Scarfe and on his Head a thin Turbant the Bearers carry the Corps upon an Iron Bier for Wood being Dedicated to the Fire is forbid to a little shed where after some mysticks acted they hoise it up to the Top of a Round Building about 12 Foot high and 80 in circuit flat above and open to the Air and expose the Carcass to the Sun and Ravening Birds Sir Th. Herb. Lucian in his discourse de Luctu hath this observation The Greeks burn The Persians bury The Indians Besmear with hogs-grease The Scythians eat or hang upon Trees The Egyptians powder with salt and spices to preserve from putrefaction The Romans Embalm The Gangetiques drown The Narsingans immure The Brachmans expose to birds The Bactrians to dogs c. Sir Tho. Herb. Travels The Gowhers Heathens in Spahawn put their dead upright in a hollow Tree The Indian Christians thus 1. The Priest is sent for to pray and administer the Eucharist if desired 2. The sick takes a long Farewell of wife children c. 3. The Survivors rather joy then mourn 4. The Corps is washed and wrapt in clean linnen 5. Friends carry it to the grave and place the head West with respect to Jerusalem or else local Paradise 6. Five days after they visit the family feast and fast as we accustome Idem The Inhabitants of Casta in E. Ind. place the Carcass in a deep long narrow Gave or else between two walls built on purpose where the simple Relict immures her self voluntarily and dies by famine A most formidable death Idem The Inhabitants of Japan in mourning wear white Idem The Chinese 1. Wash perfume and apparel the Corps with his best cloaths 2. Cover his Head and set him in a chair 3. The wife and Children come in and kiss him according to their Seniorities and Kindred also kneeling down and kissing the dead man's hand with ejaculations beating their breasts and tears 4. The Third day Coffin him Cover him with silk and set up his picture 5. For 15 days the Corps rest the Priests feast offer sacrifice burn incense 6. The Widow and Children mourn for 3. years not seen to joy in any thing In like manner the Inhabitants of Japan invocate their Mannadaes Muscovites 1. When the sick is departed the Relations stand about the body and excite one another to bemoan him asking the Deceased why he would die Were his affairs in a good condition Did he want meat and drink Was not his wife handsom or young enough Or not faithful to him c. 2. They send a present of Beer Hydromel and Aqua-vitae to the Priest that he may pray for the Soul c. 3. They wash the Body put on a clean Shirt and new Russia-Leather Shoes and lay him in the Coffin with his Arms Cross the Breast 4. The Coffin made of the Trunk of a Tree is covered with a Cloth or some Coat of the Deceased and carried to Church with this Solemnity and Order 1. First the Priest carrying the Image of the Saint assign'd the Deceased at Baptism 2. Next four Virgins next a-kin filling the Air with horrid Cries and keeping time in their Elevations and Cadencies one with another 3. Next the Corps carried by six Men the Priests incensing it all the way to keep off evil Spirits and withal singing Psalms 4. Lastly Kindred and Friends but disorderly with every one a Wax-candle in his Hand 5. At the Grave the Coffin is uncovered the Image held over him certain Prayers said with these words oft repeated Lord look upon his Soul in Righteousness the Widow continuing her Lamentations with the same questions mentioned before 6. They Kiss the Corps or the Coffin and the Priest puts a piece of Paper between his Fingers which is a kind of Testimonial or Passe for his Admittance into the other World sign'd by the Patriarch c. and Sold by the Priest The Form thus We whose Names are hereunto Subscribed the Patriarch or Metropolitan and Priest of the City of N do make known and certify by these Presents that the Bearer of these our Letters hath always lived among us like a good Christian professing the Greek Religion and tho he hath committed some Sins yet he hath confessed the same and received Absolution and taken the Communion for the Remission of his Sins hath Honoured God and his Saints hath said his Prayers and Fasted on the Hours and Days appointed by the Church and hath carried himself so well towards me his Confessor that I have no reason to complain of him nor to deny him the Absolution of his Sins In witness whereof we have given him the present Testimonial to the End that upon sight thereof S. Peter may open to him the Gate of Everlasting Bliss This done the Coffin is shut up and put in the Grave with the Face Eastward They Mourn forty Days and Feast on the third
High Creator of all things That the Bishop reads Prayers over the Child in Church before the Baptism and in the River at Baptism while the Godfather plunges the Child three times all over and then to Feasting Papists 1. Doctrines according to the Council of Trent I N. do with a stedfast Faith believe and profess all and every Point contained in the Symbol of the Faith that the Holy Roman Church doth use viz. To believe in God the Father Almighty Maker of Heaven and Earth of all things visible and invisible And in one Lord Jesus Christ the only begotten Son of God and born of the Father before all Worlds God of God Light of Light True God of True God begotten not made of the same Substance with the Father by whom all things were made who for us Men and for our Salvation came down from Heaven was Incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary and was made Man was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate suffered and was buried and rose again the third day according to the Scriptures and ascended up into Heaven sitteth at the right Hand of the Father and he shall come again with Glory to judge both the Quick and the Dead of whose Kingdom there shall be no end and in the Holy Ghost the Lord and Giver of Life who proceedeth from the Father and the Son who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified who spake by the Prophets and one Holy Catholick and Apostolick Church I confess one Baptism for the Remission of Sins and I expect the Resurrection of the Dead and the Life of the World to come Amen I do most stedfastly admit and embrace the Traditions of the Apostles and of the Church and all other Observances and Constitutions of the same Church I do likewise admit the Holy Scripture according to that Sense which our Holy Mother the Catholick Church hath holden and doth hold unto whom it doth appertain to judge of the True Sense and Interpretation of the Holy Scriptures neither will I ever understand nor interpret the same otherwise than according to the uniform consent of the Fathers I do also profess that there be truly and properly Seven Sacraments of the New Law and necessary for the Salvation of Mankind although they be not necessary for all Men viz. Baptism Confirmation Eucharist Pennance Extream Unction Orders and Matrimony and that these Sacraments do give Grace and that of them Baptism Confirmation and Orders cannot be reiterated without Sacrilege I do also receive and admit all the received and approved Ceremonies of the Catholick Church in the Solemn Administration of all the aforesaid Sacraments I do embrace and receive all and every of those things which in the Holy Council of Trent have been defined and declared touching Original Sin and Justification I do profess also that in the Mass is offered unto God a true proper and propitiatory Sacrifice for the Quick and Dead and that in the most Holy Sacrifice of the Altar there is truly really and substantially the Body and Blood together with the Soul and Divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ and that there is made a Conversion of the whole Substance of Wine into the Blood which Conversion the Catholick Church doth call Transubstantiation I do also confess that under either kind only is received Christ whole intire and the True Sacrament I do constantly hold that there it Purgatory and that the Souls which be there detained are holpen by the Prayers of the Faithful Also that the Saints who reign together with Christ are to be worshipped and called upon and that they offer up Prayers to God for us and that their Relicks are to be worshipped I do most stedfastly affirm that the Images of Christ of the Mother of God always Virgin and of other Saints are to be had and received and that due Honour and Reverence is to be given to them I do affirm that the Authority of Indulgencies was left by Christ in the Church and that the use of them is very behooveful to Christian People I do acknowledge the Holy Catholick and Apostolick Roman Church to be the Mother and Mistress of all Churches and do promise and swear true Obedience to the Bishop of Rome who is the Successor of St. Peter Prince of the Apostles and the Vicar of Jesus Christ All other things defined and declared by the Holy Canons and Oecumenical Councils and chiefly by the Holy Council of Trent I do undoubtedly receive and profess And also all contrary things and whatsoever Heresies condemned rejected and accursed by the Church I likewise do condemn reject and accurse This True Catholick Faith without which no Man can be Saved which now I do willingly profess and hold I the same I. N. do Promise Vow and Swear to hold and confess most constantly by God's help intire and uncorrupted even to the last end of my Life and to procure as much as shall lye in me that my Subjects or those of whom I shall have care in my Office shall accordingly teach and preach the same So God help me and these Holy Gospels of God Dr. James Library-keeper of Oxford out of Lewis de Grenado 's Sp. Doctrine 2. Vsages and Ceremonies and Traditions 1. In publick Prayers they use the Latine-Tongue 2. In the Commandments they make the First and Second One and divide the Tenth into Two 3. They distinguish Sins into 1. Mortal by which only they say the Commandments are broken which are 1. Pride 2. Covetousness 3. Leachery 4. Anger 5. Gluttony 6. Envy 7. Sloth 2. Venial Not contrary to the end of the Commandments i. e. to Charity e. g. an idle Word an officious or jesting Lie stealing of a Pin or Apple c. not killing but disposing to mortal Sin 4. They say 't is possible necessary and easie by the assistance of God's Grace to keep all the Commandments 5. That mortal sin is remitted by 1. Hearty Penance 2. Contrition 6. That venial sin is remitted by 1. All the Sacraments 2. Holy-water 3. Devout Prayer c. 7. The punishment Of mortal sin is Hell for ever 7. The punishment Of venial sin is Purgatory 8. That there are six Sins against the Holy Ghost 1. Despair of Salvation 2. Presumption of God's Mercy 3. Impugning the known Truth 4. Envy at others known good 5. Obstinacy in Sin 6. Final Impenitence 9. That there are four crying Sins 1. Wilful Murder 2. The Sin of Sodom 3. Oppression of the Poor 4. Defrauding VVork-men of their VVages 10. There be three principal Counsels of Christ to his Church 1. Voluntary Poverty 2. Perpetual Chastity 3. Obedience to another's will in all that is not Sin 11. There be six Commandments of the Church principally 1. To hear Mass on all Sundays and Holy-Days if opportunity serve 2. To Fast 1. Lent 2. Vigils commanded 3. ember-Ember-Days and Fridays by custom of England 4. To abstain from Flesh on Saturdays 3. To confess
services be accursed always without effect or success and blown away like Dust May they have the Curses of the Holy and Righteous Patriarchs Abraham Isaac and Jacob of the 318 Saints who were the Divine Fathers of the Synod of Nice and of all other Holy Synods And being out of the Church of Christ let no man administer unto them the things of the Church or bless them or offer sacrifice for them or give them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the blessed bread or Eat or Drink or Work with them And after Death let no man bury them in penalty of being under the same state of Excommunication For so let them remain until they have performed what is here written Paul Ricaut Esq Abissine A Form of Excommunication among the Abissines And let him be accursed by Addirion and Actariel by Sandalpkon and Hadarmel by Ansiciel and Patchiel by Seraphiel and Zeganzael by Michael and Gabriel and by Raphael and Meschartiel and let him be interdicted by Trantzeviv and Haweheviv He is the great God and by the seventy names of that great King and on the behalf of Tzortak the great Ensign-bearer c. Job Ludolph l. 3. c. 5. They as the Jews think to tertify with uncouth and harsh words Idem Mr. Ross saith that in answer to the Degrees of Excommunication among the Jews the Greeks had their 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2. ' 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Latins had their 1. Abstenti 2. Excommunicati 3. Anathemata N. B. Mr. Ricaut tells us that among the Greeks Excommunication is granted upon light occasions and is either expressive of the party with his name and condition or indenfinite of any person guilty of such crime Yet it is of high esteem and dread among them For they relate as sad and various stories of Judgments befallen the Excommunicated dying so as if they were still nourished in the Coffins and haunted the Countries as we do of witches Apostates are not received into the Church among the Greeks unless they have first sought it earnestly with tears and signifyed their desire by forty days fasting with bread and water and continual prayer night and day Those few Christians that after Apostasy to Turcism return do confess with extream danger of dying for it P. Ricaut Esq Western Christians In England we have several degrees or kinds of Censures as 1. Minor Excommunicatio exclusion from the Lord's Supper 2. Major Excommunicatio exclusion from the Society of Christians not only in spiritual duties but in temporal affairs and this if it continue 40 days is pursued with the King 's writ de excommunicato capiendo and then to prison without bail 3. Anathematismus for obstinate Heresy done by the Bishop Dean and Chapter 4. Interdictum a prohibition of all Divine offices Christian burial sacraments c. 5. Publick Penance the delinquent standing in the Church-Porch with bare head bare feet in a white sheet and a white rod in his hand c. See more in the present state of England part 2d Creeds Modern Jews Art 1. I Believe with a true perfect faith that God is the Creator whose name be blessed Governor and Maker of all Creatures and that he hath wrought all things and shall work for ever Art 2. I believe with a perfect faith that the Creator whose name be blessed is one and that such an unity as is in him can be found in no other and that he alone hath been our God is and for ever shall be Art 3. That the Creator is not Corporeal nor to be comprehended with any bodily properties and that no bodily essence can be likened to him Art 4. That the Creator is the first and last and that nothing was before him and that he shall last for ever Art 5. That the Creator is to be worshipt and none else Art 6. That all the words of the prophets are true Art 7. I believe with a perfect faith that the prophecies of Moses our master may he rest in peace were true that he was the Father and Chief of all the wise men that liv'd before him and shall live after him Art 8. That all the law which at this day is found in our hands was delivered by God himself to our master Moses God's peace be with him Art 9. The same law is never to be chang'd nor any other to be given us of God whose name be Blessed Art 10. That God whose Name be Blessed understands all the Thoughts and Works of Men As it is Written in the Prophets He fashions their Hearts alike he understands all their Works Art 11. That God will recompence good to those that keep his Commandments and will Punish those who transgress them Art 12. That Messiah is yet to come and although he retard his coming yet I will wait for him till he come Art 13. That the Dead shall be restored to Life when it shall seem fit to God the Creator whose Name be Blessed and Memory Celebrated world without end Amen The Creed Dr. Addison presents us with out of Sepher Ikkarim or Book of Fundamentals put in writing by Moses Ben Maimon a Corduba Jew A. D. 1104. And tho not set down in their Service-Book yet they begin their Mattins with it and utter it with a hollow tone different from the other Service Christians I Believe in God the Father Almighty maker of Heaven and Earth And in Jesus Christ his only Son our Lord Who was Conceived by the Holy Ghost Born of the Virgin Mary Suffered under Pontius Pilate Was Crucified Dead and Buried he Descended into Hell The third day he rose again from the Dead He ascended into Heaven And sits on the Right Hand of God the Father Almighty From thence He shall come to Judg the Quick and the Dead I Believe in the Holy Ghost The Holy Catholick Church The Communion of Saints The Forgiveness of Sins The Resurrection of the Body And the Life Everlasting Amen This is commonly ascribed to the Apostles as the first Compilers but by general Confession and Testimony of Ecclesiastical Writers is very Antient Saving that those words He Descended into Hell are not of so old a Date the first place it being found in being the Church of Aquileia in the Fourth Century Dr. Pearson Gaurs 1. I Believe in God maker of the World 2. That he sent Ebrahim zer-ateucht his Prophet Son of Azer a Carver by Trade and Doghdon who upon the appearance of an Angel overspreading her Face with a Celestial Light Conceived the Prophet aforesaid 3. That the Birth of this Child was known by Astrologers and told to the King Nebrout who thereupon caused all the Women with Child through all his Domininions to be slain 4. That this Child laugh'd so soon as he was Born because he was to Triumph in the Hearts of the People 5. That the Father in fear confessed to the King the King going about to slay the Child with a Sword his
and true Blood c. 5. Then he delivers Bread by it self and Wine mingled with Water to represent the Water and Blood that issued out of our Saviour's side 6. They admit Children of 7 Years to this Sacrament F. Simon 7. The Bread is leaven'd with a Cross on it Abyssins They receive some Weekly some Monthly but always at Church Fasting and towards the Evening on Fasting-Days They never spit that Day on which they receive In crowded Churches Priest and Sub-Priest Deacon and Sub-Deacon all help and read Several Prayers at the use of several Vessels and variety of Actions Some bring Offerings Bread Oil c. to be distributed to the Poor They administer in both Kinds to both Clergy and Laity and have been very angry with the Latines for denying the Cup to the Laity Lud. They admit not the Doctrine of Transubstantiation or real presence but when the words of their Liturgy are objected e. g. Lord now lay thy hand upon this Dish bless it and Sanctifie it that so thy Body may be made Holy therein And again Convert this Bread that it may become thy pure Body which is join'd with this Cup of thy most precious Blood c. They answer Retzitze nagare vet i. e. 'T is a nice business Or Mastar vet i. e. 't is a Mystery In short one Gregory a Native of Abyssinia told my Author Ludolphus That his Countrey men were not so scrupulous Ludolph Georgians 1. They Consecrate in wooden Chalices 2. They give the Communion to Children when dying 3. Others at Age receive but seldom 4. They carry the Sacrament to the Sick without Light or Attendance 5. On some Holy-days the Priests together assist at the Mass of the Bishop who gives them the Sacrament in their hands and they themselves carry it to their Mouths Christians of St. John 1. They use Flour kneaded with Wine and Oil. 2. They use no other form of Consecration then only some long Prayers to praise and thank God at the same time blessing the Bread and VVine never making mention of his Body and Blood 3. The Priest takes the Bread and having eaten some of it distributes the rest to the People M. Tavern v. post Mengrelians The Papa's of Mengrelia keep the Eucharist in a little bag of Leather or Cloth which they tie to their Girdle and carry it about them whithersoever they go to be made use of upon occasions when they are to give the Viaticum to the Sick Yea they give it to others Men or VVomen to carry c. Armenians 1. They use leaven'd Bread 2. They mingle no Water with their Wine 3. Consecrate in wooden and earthen Dishes 4. Give the Communion to Children and at Weddings to the Married couple 3. They never Communicate without singing and playing on great Cymbals called Hambarzon D. of Holst Emb. But now saith Tavernier they spare no cost to adorn the Choir and Altar you tread upon rich Carpets c. From the Body of the Church to the Choir is usually an Ascent of 5 or 6 Steps Nestorians They consecrate in leaven'd bread They put into their bread salt and oyl using a great many prayers Indians 1. They Communicate on Holy Thursday and other Festivals 2. They use no other preparation then coming to the Sacrament fasting Others say 3. They consecrate with little Cakes made with oyl and Salt which the Deacons and other inferior Church-men baked in a Copper vessel singing several Psalms and Hymns whilst they were a baking And when they are ready to Consecrate through a hole in the floor of that little Tower wherein they baked they let the Cake in a little basket made of leaves slide down upon the Altar 4. Their wine is only water with dry grapes infused 5. He that serves at Mass wears a Stole over his ordinary cloaths tho no Deacon 6. The same hath always a Censer in his hand and saith almost as many prayers as he that Celebrates Cophties 1. They never Communicate in private places 2. The Priest at Communion breaks the bread in form of a Cross and puts it into the wine eating 3 morsels and drinking 3 spoonfuls 3. They consecrate in leaven'd bread which they call Baraca i. e. benediction before consecration and Corban or Communion afterwards 4. They use little loaves as big as a Crown piece whereof they bake many the night before the Liturgy and at the end of Mass distribute them to those who have been present 5. They use not Tavern-wine as prophane but private or water with raisins infused 6. They never confess or Communicate but in Lent 7. They Communicate in both kinds 8. They give wine in a spoon 9. They give the Communion to children after baptsim 10. Vanslebio reports that at the Elevation of the Host they knock their breasts cast themselves on the ground make the sign of the cross and move their cap a little F. Sim. Maronites 1. They consecrate with unleaven'd bread tho probably this but of late since their submission to Rome Abyssins 1. The Abuna Papas or Metropolitan Consecrated by the Patriarch of Alexandria and sent out of Egypt They take Ordination many times with Tears in their Eyes by reason of the Turkish Vexations Their only Qualification is only to be able to read Arabic The Fathers of the Society tell us of a sad tool in their time a Miller Of these there are Four of equal Power and Dignity No Bishops nor Arch-bishops 2. Icegue the Governor of the Monks 3. Comos Overseers of the principal Churches 4. Depterat or Canons who look to their Musick 5. Nebrat or Dean 6. Kasis or Priest 7. Sub-priest 8. Deacon 9. Subdeacon All carry a Cross in their hands Georgians They Confess twice in their Life 1. At Marriage 2. Death Their Confession is in three or four words Muscovites Before the Sacrament they Confess in the midst of the Church before an Image all their Particular Sins at every sin expressing remorse and promising Amendment Absolution is granted with the Assignation of certain Penances as saying Gospodi Pomilui several times making several reverences before the Saints abstaining from Women for a time standing at the Church-door using of Holy Water which the Priests Consecrate on Twelfth-day and not to be had of them for nothing this water they think hath the vertue to cleanse them from all their sins D. of Holstein's Emb. Trav. Ahassins Account confession one of their seven sacraments But they neither confess the number nor the particular species of their sins but cry in general I have sinned I have sinned absan absan Insomuch that when the Roman Priests press'd them to particular confession they never acknowledged any more then three if they had been guilty Homicide Adultery and Theft The offender is absolved in few words together with some gentle stripes upon the side with an Olive Twig but for those great crimes before mention'd they are many times severely scourged Ludolph The Metropolitan sometimes hears
Embassies and Arts Threats and Promises of the Church of Rome their Pastors were prevailed with to make Retractations and submit themselves for a while to the Papal Yoke But they soon started back again and the whole body of the people were never entirely reduced to this day Yet bitterly reproached and spitefully represented to the World and confounded with the Manichees Cathari and the worst of Hereticks on purpose to derive the greater Odium and stroke of Persecution upon them 2. Their Names At first they were called Patarines from a place called Patria or Pataria where upon a difference with their Neighbours they were feign to say Mass by themselves afterwards Subalpini from the Countrey Waldenses from Valles Waldenses from Waldo being an Eminent Man and one that had translated the Scriptures into a Known Tongue and probably many of his disciples joyning themselves to this Church Lions the place of their abode gave them the Name of Poor People of Lions c. Albigenses 3. Their Countrey First Italy and the Countrey of Piedmont Lombardy France and Bohemia whither they fled for shelter in the times of persecution about A. C. 1200. England c. 4. Their Doctrines 1. The Church of Rome is an Assembly of ungodly men not the Church of Christ but the Whore in the Revelation 2. All sins reign in that Church 3. That themselves are the true poor in Spirit who suffer for the Faith c. The True Church of Christ 4. That the Eastern Church doth not value the Church of Rome 5. They despise all Ordinances and Statutes of the Church as being too many and burdensom 6. The Prelates are the Scribes and Pharisees 7. None in the Church ought to be greater than other 8. None ought to kneel to a Priest See thou do it not Rev. 9. Tythes are not to be given to Priests nor the Clergy ought not to enjoy any Temporal Possessions Prebends Regalia c. 10. Neither Land nor People ought to be divided into Parishes 11. They condemn Monasteries all the Sacraments of the Church of Rome 12. They were against Swearing c. But these are accounted to us by Authors of the Roman Church with so much malice and confusion that 't is not easie to believe any of their Reports They had indeed a mixture of Error with their substantial Truths which is capable of Apology 5. Their Conduct of Life They were orderly and modest in their manners and behaviour avoiding all Pride in their Habits wearing neither very rich Cloaths nor over mean and ragged ones they kept up no Trade to avoid Lies Swearing and Deceit but only lived by the Labour of their hands as Handy-crafts men and Day-labourers and their Teachers were Weavers and Tailors they did not heap up Riches but were content with Necessaries they were also very Chast sparing and very temperate in Eating and Drinking not frequenting Taverns or Ale-houses nor going to Balls or other Vanities abstaining from Anger when they workt they either Learned or Taught and therefore Prayed but little They Hypocritically went to Church Offered Confessed Communicated and heard Sermons to catch the Preacher in his Words Observe this Character is given them by an Adversary an Inquisitor who wrote in the 14th Century In like manner their Women were very modest avoiding Back-biting Foolish Jesting and levity of Words and abstaining especially from lies and swearing not so much as making use of the common Asseverations In truth for certain c. 6. Their Worship and Behaviour from the afore-said Anthor They kneel down upon the ground before a bench or the like and continue thus in all their Prayers in silence as long as one might repeat a Pater-Noster 30 or 40 times and conclude their Prayers by repeating the word Amen several times and this they do every day very Reverently amongst those of their own Perswasion without the company of any Strangers before noon after noon and at night when they go to bed besides some other times as well in the day morning and at night they say teach nor have any other Prayer besides Our Father They do not look on the Salutation of the Angel to be a Prayer nor the Apostle's Creed and say that these were introduced by the Church of Rome not by Christ However they have drawn up a short draught of the seven Articles concerning the Godhead and as many concerning the Human Nature the Ten Commandmants and the seven Works of Mercy which they say and teach and boast much of them and readily offer themselves to Answer to any one that demands of them a reason of their Faith Before they set themselves down to Table they bless it saying Bless the Lord. Lord have mercy upon us Christ have mercy upon us Lord have mercy upon us Our Father c. After which the Eldest of the Company saith in the Vulgar Tongue God who blessed the 5 barley Loaves and 2 Fishes in the Desart before his Disciples bless this Table and that which is upon it and then make the sign of the Cross in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost Amen And when they rise from Table after Dinner or Supper they give Thanks thus the Eldest in the Vulgar Tongue repeating the Doxology set down in the Revelation Blessing and Glory and Wisdom and Thanksgiving Honour Power and Might be ascribed to God alone for ever and ever Amen And then adds God render a good reward and a plentiful return to all those who are our Benefactors and the God who hath given us Corporal food vouchsafe us also the Life of his Spirit and God be with us and we with him always Amen Also when they bless the Table and when they return Thanks they fold their Hands together and lift them up towards Heaven And after Dinner and they have returned Thanks and Prayed as before they Preach Teach and Exhort according to their way and Doctrine They who would know more may read Archbishop Vsher Morland Dr. Allix out of whom I have in great hast Extracted this short Account rather to give an edg than satisfy the Appetite of my Readers Place these Two Leaves before the 2d Part. THE HISTORY OF ALL RELIGIONS In the World c. PART II. 1. Knowledge of God Jewish MAimonides acknowledges God to be incorporeal and incomprehensible Dr. Tenison Esdras appointed the People to meet three times a week to be taught the Law because in the desart of Sur they wandered three days without water i. e. the Law Ross Christians S. Augustine was inflamed with a desire of Wisdom by reading Ciccro's Hortensius That Book saith he changed my Affections and turned my Prayers to thy self O Lord and made an alteration in my wishes and desires All vain hope grew low in my esteem on a suddain and I long'd for the Immortality of Wisdom with an incredible heat of mind How did I burn my God how did I burn with a desire to fly from Earthly things to thee and I knew
them go without any severity shewed to them Euseb l. 3. c. 20. Origen refusing the maintenance of others Sold his Books to one that was to allow him four Oboli a day the day he spent in laborious exercises and tasks the most part of the Night in study always remembring that of our Saviour not to have two coats nor to wear shoes nor anxiously to care for the morrow Clemens Alex. speaks against Ivory Hafts or garnished with Silver Ivory-Tables Lamps of the Goldsmiths making and Ivory Bed or Couch Purple Carpets c. Paedag. l. 2. c. 3. Give us this day our daily bread i. e. saith Gregory Nyssen not Delicacies Riches Purple Vestures Golden Ornaments Pearls Jewels Silver Vessels Marble Pillars Silk Carpets Choirs of Musick c. Renounce the Devil and all his works the pomps and pleasures c. i. e. The sights and sports of the Theatre and such like Vanities Cyril Tertullian tells his Adversaries all the Plagues God sent in this World could not hurt them because they had no other concernment in this world but as soon as they could to get out of it Ap. c. 41. Hierom tells of Marcella that she lived so as always believing she should immediately die and never put off her Garments but it put her in mind of her Grave and Winding-sheet Tertullian tells of a Christian Woman possessed by the Devil at the Theatre and being asked how the durst enter into a Christian Woman He made Answer that he found her on his own ground Papists S. Francis renounced the World and when a Priest to whom he offered it would not take his Mony he cast it away and enter'd into a Vow of perpetual Poverty Baker's Chron. S. Francis Sales speaking of Cordial and Mental Prayer adviseth thus Begin all thy Prayers mental or Vocal with the presence of God keep this Rule without exception and in short time thou wilt perceive what profit thou shalt reap by it And again having finished saith he this mental Prayer take heed lest thou give thy heart a jog lest thou spill the Balm which thou hast received c. keep thy self silent for some time and fair and softly remove thy Heart from thy Prayers to thy worldly business Introd to a Devout Life Frequency and Diligence at Church Jews BEfore the Sun go down the Women kindle their Sabbatarian Lights which is an old Custom observed by Persius Satyr 5. The reason is because the first Woman extinguish'd the Light of Man by her Disobedience Rosse The Jews make haste to the Synagogue but go backward and slowly home Dr. Addison In Jerusalem are said to have been 480 Synagogues Purchas The Jews are rather too Precise in their Preparation for the Synagogue than too Remiss they Pray in order thereto betimes in the Morning for the earlier the Orison they think the more acceptable to God 'T is their common saying In Winter they raise the day in Summer the day raises them Some rise early every Morning to lament the Ruins of Jerusalem It is a general Tradition among them Heaven-gates are shut up at night after midnight they are opened and the noise of opening them awakens the Cocks and the Cock ought to awaken us to Prayers by his crowing and in their publick Liturgy they give thanks for this good Office of the Cock On Sabbath-mornings they creep under the Counterpane when they put on their Shifts that the beams of the House may not be privy to their Nakedness Before they go to the Synagogues at leaving their Apartments they bow their Heads moderately in Lamentation for the Temple They use all needful Evacuations they wash make haste to the Synagogue Dr. Addison Christians Chrysostom Hom. 56. Tom. 1. saith of the Church at Antioch that they would set aside all Affairs at home to come and hear Sermons at Church That it was the Honour of the City not their rich Suburbs brave Houses and gilded Dining-rooms but a diligent and attentive People that it was his great Encouragement to see such a famous and chearful Concourse a People so well ordered and desirous to hear Dr. Cave Origen in his Sermons reproved no fault so much as Absence from Church The Primitive Christians had several Sermons in the same Church Morning and Afternoon The Swedes have three Services every Sunday The Switzers likewise a daily Sermon Jacobites The Jacobites in Socotera Island have Altars in their Churches which they enter not but stand in the Porch Rosse Armenians The Bells all rang about midnight and every one rose to go to Church I believe it was more than usual because it was Shrove-tide for both the Office and the Missa were concluded before break of day Saith M. Tavernier concerning the Armenians in the Convent of St. Stephen's l. 1. c. 4. p. 18. Lutherans The Protestants in the Palatinate have two Sermons on Sunday and every first Wednesday of the Month one Heathens At Hierapolis none who had look'd upon a dead Corps or in whose House any had died might be admitted into the Temple for thirty days Rosse out of Lucian In Siam every King of the Country is bound to erect a Temple with high Steeples and a multitude of Idols Idem At Jagrenate in India is a great Pagod where the Arch-Bramin keeps his Residence wherein is a great Idol called Resora with two Diamonds for his Eyes and one about his Neck the least of which weighs about forty Carats Bracelets about his Arms sometimes of Pearls sometimes of Rubies The Revenues of which Pagod are sufficient to feed 15 or 20000 Pilgrims every day which is a number often seen there that Pagod being the greatest place of Devotion in all India it maintains above 20000 Cows That which makes it so Rich is the vast Alms that are continually bestowed by so incredible a Multitude as comes from all parts Tavernier Part 2. l. 3. c. 9. Greeks The Greeks in Cyprus upon Sundays and Holy-days rise between one and two of the clock in the Morning to sing Matins for which purpose there is a Clerk that goes from Door to Door and knocks with a Hammer to wake the People and then cries out with a loud Voice Christians go to Church Tavernier l. 2. c. 6. p. 81. They seem to me scarcely excusable from a Capital Sin that build or adorn Churches and Monasteries with immoderate Expences when so many living Temples of Christ are Poor c. Erasmus Muscovites The Muscovites go thrice to Church on Sundays and Festivals to Mattins Sasterim before day to the Obedny at noon to Vespers or Wadschemi in the Evening They stand all the Service-time or kneel incessantly bowing before the Images c. Whereas in my former Impression of these Travels I said that in the City and Suburbs of Moscou there were above 1500 Churches and Chappels and John Lewis Godfrey Author of the Archontologia Cosmica thinks that number incredible I must needs acknowledge that I was much mistaken and now affirm for certain
sometimes a whole day sometimes longer as the Crime is In that Posture he desires the Cazi to Purifie him The Priest answers the Dog must Purifie him not he After which he pours the Water seven times on his Head then gives him a Draught to drink and so he is absolved Afterwards he Feasts all his Friends at the Cazi's House But the Women and Maids are shrifted by the Cazi's Wife M. Tavernier l. 4. c. 8. Zeal Jews BRethren saith St. Paul my hearts desire and prayer to God for Israel is that they might be Saved for I bear them record that they have a Zeal of God but not according to Knowledge Rom. 10.2 And the Apostle himself was a Zealot of the same kind before his Conversion Concerning Zeal persecuting the Church of God And the Sect he belonged to was notoriously guilty that way none warmer in the blind Pursuit of Religion than the Pharisees And yet we may trace the same fiery Humour conveyed down to following Ages and Generations witness their perpetual Hatred and Persecution of the Christian Church their obstinate Adherence to their Devotions in the Siege of Jerusalem their Zealous Attempts to return to the Holy Land and re-build the Holy City c. and this all in spight of Miracles and Judgments enough to convince them of their Folly if they were not absolutely blind and hardened Scaliger tells us of an Order of Men among them called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mourners that once a year on the ninth day of Ab were allowed entrance into Jerusalem by Adrian's Edict which as Benjamin an Hebrew Author relates give Tithes of all which they possess to the Wise Men always sitting in the School and to the humbled Israelites which lament Sion and bewail Jerusalem These dwell in Caves or ruined Houses Fasting all the days of their Life except on the Sabbaths and Festivals beseeching Mercy continually at the Hands of God Christians The Martyrs at Thebais multitudes having been executed every day with all imaginable Cruelties Sentence was no sooner passed against one Party but others came presented themselves before the Tribunal confessing themselves Christians and received the Sentence with Joy Dr. Cave When Servetus condemned Zuinglius for his Rashness his answer was In aliis mansuetus ero in Blasphemiis in Christum non ita Samodies Here the Priest who is the eldest of the Family or Tribe in Divine Service instead of Singing Howls till he fall down as one dead rising again orders a Sacrifice of five Deer then thrusts a Sword half way into his Belly with several other Illusions and Tricks of Sorcery Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Mexicans The Town of Mexico was great and had thirteen Temples in each of which were many Idols of Stone of diverse Fashions before whom they Sacrificed Men Doves Quails and other things with great Perfumes and Veneration Some years they Sacrificed as was thought fifty thousand Men. S. Purchas Mahometans The Turks are very Zealous for their Religion which they endeavour to propagate all over the World M. de Thevenot The Asian Turks are greater Zealots I knew at Smyrna a Reverend Preacher amongst them who had many Pupils who was so great a lover of his own Sect that he hated all Mankind beside and stuffed his Sermons with Invectives against Christians till at last chidden by the Officers of the City Yet his Pride hardly abated for when on his Mule's back with his Followers on foot he made all Western Christians whom he met with accidentally to alight and attend whilst so Holy a Man passed by P. Ricaut Esq in his Present State of the Greek Church Heathens In Mexico they burnt Incense before their Idols every Morning Noon-tide Evening and at Midnight and this with much Reverence and then they beat themselves and drew Blood with sharp Bodkins Rosse In Jucatan in their Idolatrous Processions they wound themselves and offer themselves cheerfully for Sacrifices Idem Tunquinese It is a thing almost incredible what a vast number of Sacrifices the King sends to the Temples of his false Gods at his Inauguration to be there offered to the Idols The number of Beasts is said to exceed an 100000 besides the value of a Million in Panes of Gold Tissues and Silks to adorn the Idols and Orange-coloured Calicuts for the Bonzes and those that attend the Service of the Pagods and a vast number of pieces of blue Calicuts for the Poor that are kept in the Pagods Tavernier 's Collection of several Relations c. Moderation Jews A Moderation in reference to the Ceremonial Law especially when the Moral came into Competition with it and sometimes even in reference to the Judicial seems frequently in Scripture permitted and practised Circumcision sometimes neglected and the Passover and Sacrifices c. the Shew-bread eaten by others than Priests and an immoderate Zeal for Oblations New Moons and Sabbaths sharply reproved when the weightier things of the Law were neglected Vid. Psal 50. Isa 1. Hos 6.6 I desired Mercy and not Sacrifice c. Mie 6.6 7 8. As if the Almighty were about to retract those very Ceremonies which himself had instituted when he saw the People dote so fondly upon them as to forget or not duly mind the more solid and substantial parts of Religion Christians When I come to Rome I Fast on the Sabbath when I am here I do not Fast So St. Ambrose at Milan tells St. Augustine which Judgment of Ambrose Austine saith he look'd on as a Heavenly Oracle viz. To whatever Church you come observe the Custom of that Church if you would avoid giving Offence to others and taking it from others Dr. Stillingfleet The Non-observance of indifferent things commanded when there is no apparent Contempt or Scandal does not involve a Man into the Guilt of Sin for the ground of the Magistrates Command is only in point of Contempt and Scandal and for preserving Order in the Church for to command or obey in reference to these things from any Opinion of the necessity of them and therefore the only ground of observing them is to shew that we are not guilty of the Power commanding or of Scandal to others Idem Tota igitur religio ect in fugiendo scandalo vitando contemptu Whitaker Contr. 4. qu. 7 c. 2. They do not bind if Contempt and Scandal be removed P. Martyr de leg Eccl. Hooper who had raised a Difference about Garments writ twice to Ridley about the time of his Persecution and Imprisonment who writ him an answer as soon as he could convey it in which he declared how intirely he was knit to him though in some Circumstances of Religion they had formerly jarr'd a little It was Hooper's Wisdom and his own Simplicity that had divided them every one following the abundance of his own Sense But now he assured him that in the Bowels of Christ he loved him in the Truth and for the Truth Dr. Burnet 's History of the Reform c. The Popish
Sabbath must fast the next day after to do Penance After Dinner the Rabbies have thought fit to study or read sacred Writ because say they the Sabbath once complained to God for lack of a Meet Companion and God answered Israel shall be thy Companion for on the Sabbath they shall learn the Law c. Dr. Addison Esseans The Esseans are more severe than any other in observing the Sabbath for they do not only abstain from dressing of meat which they dress the Evening before that day but also they may not remove any Vessel out of its place nor satisfie the necessities of nature Josephus de Bell. Jud. l. 2. c. 7. The Talmud expresly speaks for no other Reason was the Temple at Jerusalem destroyed but because the Jews observed not the Sabbath aright Though a Man have an hundred Maids or the command of a Thousand Servants yet he himself ought with his own hands to do something in honour of the Sabbath and so we read in the Talmud that Rabbi Casdam cut the Pot-herbs R. Joseph clave the Wood R. Sira kindled the fire R. Nachman swept the House and covered the Table Dr. Addison Present State of the Jews in Barb. Christians The first Observation of the Christian Sabbath was more by the Providence and Design of God than the Apostles own Inclination Joh. 20.19 The second was performed volutarily Joh. 20.26 So afterwards upon the Day of Pentecost being the first day Act. 2.1 Act. 20.7 Rev. 1.10 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Just. Mart. Apol. 2. Countrey work about Husbandry Vintage Sowing Mowing Threshing c. is prohibited by the Council of Arles Conc. 3. Can. 21. Fasting is forbid Conc. Caesar August Vid. Carrauz Sum. p. 119. S. Augustine declares himself frequently against Dancing on the Lord's Day Hearing or pleading of Causes on the Lord's Day is prohibited apud Gratian. Adrian p. c. 15. q. 4. item Conc. Eph. Conc. Tarracon c. Judges Riding to Assizes is reproved very gravely by Gattaker in his Sermon called God's Parley with Princes p. 13. Concerning God's Judgments upon Sabbath-Breakers see Mr. Mayer on the Church-Catechism also the Practice of Piety and my Book called The Christian's Companion The whole Week is Sanctified by this Day and according to my care of this is my Blessing on the Rest Dr. Hall To the same purpose Judge Hale remark'd upon himself That according to his Devotion on the Lord's Day he prospered in his Affairs the Week following Modern Heathens I came to the place where my Company Encamped they waited only for a Billet from the Customer to be gone but it could not be had that Day because it was Friday and the Customer who was a Mahometan observed that Day with great exactness M. de Thev Travels into the Indies l. 3. p. 77. In Guinea The Heathens forbear on their Sabbath which is Thursday Fishing and Husbandry and the Palm-Wine that is got that day must not be sold but offered to the King who bestows it on the Courtiers to drink at Night View of the Engl. Acqu in Guin and the E. Ind. On this Day in the Market-place on a Table three yards high whose flat cover is made of straw and reeds interwoven they place many Rings which they call Festiloes or Gods and within them set Wheat Water and Oil for their Gods whom they imagine devour it Ibid. Discipline Jews THe Jews still enjoyn Circumcision under its old Penalty Gen. 17. viz. Cutting off Yet they are not peremptory about the precise time viz. Eight days after the birth I knew one Jacob Israel Belgara born in Spain coming afterwards to Barbary 1667 Circumcised in the 40th year of his Age. Dr. Addison Christians I called to mind a passage of a Letter of Cornelius that was Bishop of Rome after the middle of the Third Century preserved by Eusebius in his 6th Book ch 43. There were 46 Presbyters 7 Deacons 7 Subdeacons 94 of the inferiour Orders of the Clergy among them also 1500 Widows and other Poor maintained out of the publick Charities Dr. Burnet's Letters When Philip the Emperor would have gone into Church on Easter-Eve to Prayers the Bishop of the place would by no means suffer it till he had made Confession of his Sins and passed thro' the Order of Penitents being guilty of great sins and the Emperor very willingly submitted to it Euseb l. 6. Some think this was rather Philip Governor in Egypt Theodosius the Great for his barbarous Slaughter of the Thessalonians was by S. Ambrose suspended brought to publick Confession forced a severe Penance for eight Months together Prostrations in the Church tearing off his Hair beating his Forehead watering his Cheeks with Tears c. crying out as David My Soul cleaveth unto the dust quicken thou me according to thy word After which he was Absolved and restored to Communion Theodor. H. Eccl. l. 5. c. 15. A Publick Penitentiary an Holy grave Presbyter was appointed to take Confessions of those sins which persons had committed after Baptism and by Prayers Fastings Mortifications to prepare them for Absolution This continued some hundreds of years till Abrogated by Nectarius S. Chrysostom's Predecessor in Constantinople upon occasion of a Woman complaining that during her time of Penitent Exercises in the Church she was tempted to Folly by a Deacon This was done by the Advice of Eudemon most Bishops following his Example Dr. Cave The Clergy of Venice have a very extraordinary sort of Exemption and are a sort of a Body like a Presbytery independent of the Bishop The Curates are chosen by the Inhabitants of every Parish and no Noble Venetian is suffered to pretend to any Curacy thinking it below their Dignity There is a sort of Association among the Curates for Judging of their common concerns and some of the Laity of the several Parishes assist in those Courts so that here is a real Presbytery Dr. Burnet's Letters I wondred at two Discourses that I heard at one Church in Milan at the same time in the Afternoon for there were two Bodies of Men set down in different places of the Church all covered and two Lay-Men in ordinary Habits were entertaining them with Discourses of Religion in a Catechistical Stile These were Confrairies and those were some of the more Devout that instructed the rest This as I never saw any where else so I do not know whether it is peculiar to Milan or not Idem Cathay The Tartars here punish the breach of their Traditions with Death or a Penal Sum of Mony tho in Trifling matters as touching the Fire with a Knife medling with young Birds c. which are forbid Packet broke open vol. 2. Presbyterians Amongst the Presbyterians the Minister or Presbytery may not Excommunicate without the consent of the Church nor for any faults but sins of Perversness and after admonition nor for private sins but those which are publick and scandalous nor for the Sins of others as Bishop Auxilius Excommunicated a whole family
See after  Flagelliferans Baptism by Water is ceased baptism of voluntary blood by whipping is come in its place  Origenists Baptism by fire is the true baptism  Effrontes shaved their foreheads till they bled and then anointed them with Oyl A Seal of our Regeneration Montanists Novatians Russians All that die afore baptism are undoubtedly damned  Messalians sins past only are put away by Baptism  Pelagians Jovinians all sins are put away by Baptism  Papists Thomists Orig. only are put away by Baptism  Banisterians Baptism is no more than common Washings  Hierachites Children belong not to Heaven because they have no merits by spiritual Warfare 2. The Lord's Supper whose outward Signs are Bread Wine Eucretites Tatians Severians used no Wine  Aquarii Hydroparastites used water  Montanists Cataphrygians used bread and blood some say man's seed  Artotyrites bread and Cheese  Manichees bread and man's seed administred in one kind  Muscovites Donatists Albanenses bread and wine and warm-water  Gnosticks An Infant begot in their promiscuous Embraces beat in a mortar season'd with Honey and Pepper c. and then devour it calling it their Pass-over Epiph. The things signified are the Body and Blood of Christ taken by the godly Receiver Messalians Familists The Sacraments are but ceremonial bodyes which may be used in obedience to Magistrates  Mat. Hamant They are not necessary in the Church of God  Papists They confer Grace ex Opere Operato and are absolutely necessary to salvation The Priest may receive for the Absent and Dead  Banisterians There will be a time when we shall need no Sacraments  Russians Gave the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper to babes and infants and dead bodies  Lutherans Synusiasts Vbiquitarii Christ's body is corporally taken by every Communicant the Bread and Wine being consubstantiated  Symbolists Figurists Signisicatists The Faithful at the Lord's Supper receive nothing but bare signs  Marcus The Wine is converted into Blood The efficacy of which depends not on the Worthiness of the Ministers Donatists Novatians Agrippiani Origen Petilians Cyprian Apostolicks Henricians Rebaptizantes All denied wicked men to be Lawful Ministers and most of them Re-baptiz'd such as were before Baptized by Hereticks  Anabapt Familists Independents Wicked Ministers cannot Preach truly and duly as they ought  Disciplinarian Puritans condemn all Ministers that Preach not  Sabbatarians condemn all that hear not Preaching Ministers every Sabbath  Brownists all that Communicate with a blind or dumb Ministry  Rhemists That hear Hereticks Sermons tho True  Albanenses The sacraments lose their Efficacy if given by wicked Priests For the Church may Err. Papists It cannot for its Head the Pope is Infallible Donatists Familists It is pure And general Councils to be gathered by Princes may Err. Papists Emperors and Kings are but the Pope's summoners  Beza c. Private persons may call Assemblies  Muscovites since the 7th General Council neither Prince nor Pope may call a General Council  Papists They cannot Err the Holy Ghost is directer to them But the due Administrat of the Word and Sacraments are sufficient marks of the visible Church Papists Unity Universality Antiquity and Succession c. are the signs  Brownists Administration of the Word Sacraments and Discipline are If perform'd in a known Tongue Ossens Prayed in a strange Language which they Learned of Alexus their Founder  Marcosians At the ministration of Baptism used certain Hebrew words c.  Turks Perform all their superstitions in the Arabian Tongue  Jacobites Use a Tongue unknown to the Vulgar  Russians Use a mixture of the Greek and Sclavonian in their Liturgy  Papists Have divine service prayers sacraments in Latin To preserve them from contempt God hath appointed Bishops Pastors Anabaptists Contobabdites Apostolicks condemn all Bishops and superiority amongst Men.  Acephalians Would submit to no Bishops  Aerians make Bishops and Priests all one equal  Jesuits made a Law for the Abrogation of Episcopal Jurisdictions  Disciplinarian Puritans Are against Archbishops and Bishops c. of large Jurisdiction To Excommunicate obstinate Offenders Paulicians Condemned all censures Ecclesiastical  Pelagians Hereticks too otherwise sound may be Ecommunicated for private Errors  Papists Excommunicated Kings Dead men c. whole Kingdoms  S. Bernard Flies  Apostlicks All that were married  Brownists Whole Cities and Churches  Barrowists Kings  Erastus denied Excommunication as inherent in the Churche's power And Absolve them being Penitent Montanists Novatians Meletius Anabapt Germ. Barrowists Melchior Heffman All that sin after Baptism are Reprobate Who also may appoint ceremonies in the Church not Repugnant to God's word Papists The Pope may alter the Sacraments c.  Familists Brownists Disciplinarians The Worship of God should be simple Christians are free c.  Melancthon and the Adiaphorists Held the Customs and Constitutions of the Church of Rome to be indifferent things God hath appointed the Civil Magistrate Albanenses Manichees Fratricellians Flagelliferies Anabaptists Familists Condemn Magistracy or assert That it is founded on Grace Yet the Familists profess Love and Obedience to all kind of Magistrates  Free-men Asserted that they were freed from Obedience to Magistrates Taxes Tithes c. And the King as supreme Papists The King's Supremacy extends not to Popes Priests or the Church  Disciplinarians of Scotland Princes must be subject to the Church Who by administration of an Oath Esseis Albanenses Anabaptists Quakers Swearing before Magistrates is unlawful Which ought to be unviolate and sacred without dissimulation of the Truth Basilidians Priscillianists Helchisaites Familists Henricians To avoid Persecution will swear and forswear  Jesuits c. Sciti and Cagi Turkish Priests To promote the interest of their own Church and damnify the adversary will equivocate and forswear  Familists Hobbists Libertines men may outwardly profess what they will if their Hearts be sound And inflicting corporal Punishments on Offenders Manichees Donatists Anabaptists None for any Offence is to be put to Death  Familists For Sins of the second Table men may be put to Death not for Errors in Religion And the exercise of the Sword which he bears not in vain Manichees Lactantius Lud. Vives c. Anabapt Familists Erasmus doubted or denyed War to be Lawful  Muggletonians Christians using the steel are ignorant of Christ and enemies of his Gospel May maintain each one's properties Manichees Esseis Pelagians Apostolicks Fratricellians Anabaptists Familists Nudipedales would have Christians Goods common They who are predestinated to Life Pelagians Predestinates Familists c. The Doctrine of Predestination is a licentious and dangerous Doctrine  Armenians God predestinates on foresight of our Faith and Obedience After Death immediately a debt due to sin the Soul is made happy in the enjoyment of God Pelagius Socinus If Adam had not sinned yet he had died  Berylliani
our Sins at least once a Year 4. To receive the blessed Sacrament at least once a Year and that at Easter or thereabouts 5. To pay Tithes to our Pastors 6. Not to celebrate Marriage on times prohibited viz. from the first Sunday of Advent 'till Twelfth-day be past nor from Ash-Wednesday 'till Low-Sunday de past N. B. 'T is a mortal Sin to break any of these Commandments 12. There be Seven Sacraments 1. Baptism in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost c. Observ 1. The Minister 1. The Priest ordinarily 2. A Lay-man or Woman in case of necessity 2. The Effects 1. Remission of Sin Original and Actual 2. A Spiritual Character in the Soul for ever 3. Sponsors One God-father and one God-mother since Trent C. 4. Ceremonies 1. The Priest breaths on the Child's face 2. Sign of the Cross on the Breast and Forehead 3. Putting Salt in the Child's mouth 4. Spittle laid on the Ears and Nostrils 5. Anointing on the Head Shoulders Breast 6. White Chrism given to the Child 7. A hallowed Light given to it 2. Confirmation Observe 1. The Form I sign thee with the sign of the Cross I confirm thee with the Chrism of Salvation in the Name of the Father c. 2. The Matter Oil mingled with Balsn blessed by a Bishop 3. It Seals or gives a Character 4. The Time at seven years old 5. The Ceremonies 1. A blow on the Cheek 2. One God-father or God-mother 3. Eucharist Cons 1. The Matter wheaten Bread and Wine of the Grape with a little Water 2. Disposition in the Receiver Confession of Sin being in a State of Grace 3. The Laity Communicate in one kind 4. Penance Consider 1. The Form I absolve thee from thy sins in the Name of the Father c. 2. The Parts 1. Contrition 2. Confession 3. Satisfaction 1. Contrition is a hearty sorrow for our Sins proceeding immediately from the Love of God and joyned with a firm purpose of Amendment 2. Attrition from the fear of Hell or punishment or filthiness of sin or spiritual damage from sin This with Sacramental Confession and Absolution will remit sin A dying Man in mortal sin if he cannot have a Priest must have Contrition 3. Confession must be Short Diligent Humble Confounding Sincere Entire 4. Satisfaction is the Sacramental Penance enjoyned by the Priest at Confession Also Voluntary Prayers Fasting Good Works Sufferings By which Satisfaction is made for temporal punishments due sometimes to sin after forgiveness Indulgencies viz. The superabundant Merits of Christ and his Saints applied to our Souls by the grant of the Church 5. Extream Vnction 1. The matter of it is Oil blessed by a Bishop 2. The Form By this anointing and his own most pious Mercy let our Lord pardon thee whatsoever thou hast sinned by thy seeing c. 3. The Effects 1. Spiritual Comfort 2. Remission of venial sin and the relicks of sin 3. Corporal Health if expedient 6. Holy Order Concerning which observe To whom it belongs viz. Bishops Priests Deacons Sub-Deacons Inferiour Orders are Acolyte Lector Exorcist and Porter 7. Matrimony Concerning which observe 1. Who may Marry 1. Only the Laity 2. Persons not a-kin by collateral Consanguinity or Affinity to the fourth degree or at all in the right Line but the Church can dispense with all except Brothers and Sisters 13. There are four Cardinal Vertues Prudence Justice Fortitude and Temperance 14. Seven Gifts of the Holy Ghost Wisdom Understanding Counsel Fortitude Knowledge Piety and the Fear of our Lord. 15. Twelve Fruits of the Holy Ghost Charity Joy Peace Patience Longanimity Goodness Benignity Mildness Fidelity Modesty Continency Chastity 16. Seven works of Mercy To feed the Hungry give drink to the Thirsty cloath the Naked to harbour the Harbourless to visit the Sick to visit the Imprisoned 17. Seven works of Mercy spiritual To give Counsel to the Doubtful to Instruct the Ignorant to Admonish Sinners to Comfort the Afflicted to forgive Offences to bear patiently the Troublesome to pray for the Quick and Dead 18. Ceremonies of the Mass 1. Ornaments of the Priest 1. Amis or Linnen Veil representing the Veil on our Saviour's Face 2. The Albe signifying the white Garment which Herod put on 3. The Girdle signifying the Cord by which he was bound in the Garden 4. The Maniple the Cord which bound him to the Pillar 5. The Stole the Cord by which he was led to be Crucified 6. The Upper Vestment the seamless Coat of Christ and also the Purple Garment 2. The Altar representing the Cross with its Appurtenances 1. The Chalice the Sepulchre of Christ 2. The Patine the Stone rowled to the Door of the Sepulchre 3. The Altar-cloaths Corporal and Pall the Linnen in which the Body of Christ was shrowded 4. The Candles on the Altar the Light which Christ brought into the World 3. Gestures 1. Coming back three steps from the Altar and humbling himself before he begins again the prostration of Christ in the Garden 2. Bowing again at the Confiteor to provoke Humility and Contrition in the People 3. Beating his Breast at mea culpa to teach Humiliation 4. Ascending to the Altar the Priest kisseth the middle of it because the Altar signifies the Church kissing Peace and Unity 4. Parts 1. Introite the entrance into the Office after the Priest's coming to the Altar which is repeated twice 2. Gloria Patri added to it 3. Kyrie Eleison 4. Gloria in excebsis 5. Oremus 6. The Collect viz. a Sum of the Epistle and Gospel 7. The Gradual the holy degrees of Penance 8. The Tract viz. two or three Versicles betwixt the Epistle and Gospel sung with a slow long protracted Tone between Septuagesima and Easter in place of the Gradual because a time of penance and mourning 9. The Gospel read at the North-end of the Altar to signifie that Satan's Kingdom seated in the North Jer. 1.14 is destroyed 4. Gestures again 1. Signing the Book with the Sign of the Cross 2. Priest and People sign themselves with the Cross in three places viz. Fore-head Mouth and Breast 3. The first Offertory of Bread and Wine mingled with Water 4. The Priest washing the ends of his Fingers 5. Silence a while 6. Elevating the Voice in saying the Preface 7. The Canon the most sacred essential part of the Mass read with a low Voice signifying the sadness of Christ's Passion 8. Beginning the Canon with bowing of the Head 9. In the midst of it kissing the Altar and signing the Host and Chalice thrice with the sign of the Cross 10. Signing the Offerings again five times 11. After Consecration kneeling and adoring 12. Elevation of the Host and Chalice 13. Signing again the Offerings five times to signifie Christ's five Wounds 14. A nomination of the Dead to whom the Sacrifice is applied 15. Elevation of the Voice again in saying Nobis quoque peccatoribus 16. Signing the Host and Chalice three times again to signifie the