a sufficient and satisfactory price unto God for the party Redeemed 1 Cor. 6.20 Therefore we are said to be bought with a price And this Price is called a ransome price Matt. 20.28 A price to ransome us out of our spirituall captivity Matt. 20.28 and it is said to be laied down 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Now the preposition 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as learned men know signifieth a substitution and Surrogation of one in the roome of another As Matt. 2.22 Archelaus is said for to raign 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the roome of Herod Adde further That this Price which Christ laid down for our Redemption is called not onely 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A Counter-prise or a price correspondent and answerable 1 Tim. 2.6 to the debt it is paid for It was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 If any shall ask what this price was Saint Peter tells us 1 Pet. 1.19 Act. 20.28 It was the most pretious bloud of Christ and Saint Paul tells us It was the Bloud of God It is called the Bloud of God because shed in his humane nature by him whose Person was God blessed for evermore Rom. 9.5 and hereby it came to have an infinite virtue and efficacy in it Ex infinita Personae dignitate infinitum erat pretium sanguinis et carnis quam pro nobis obtulit Hence it was that the Bloud of one man became sufficient to Redeem all beleevers and the Bloud shed in a little space able to satisfy for sins which deserved eternall punishment because the Person that suffred was God as well as man All this and much more which might be added doth clearly prove That Jesus Christ hath made Satisfaction to God for the Sins of all who beleeve in him This great and fundamentall truth is very pithily soundly Orthodoxly practically and profitably handled in this ensuing Treatise It is written by a grave ancient and religious Minister of very good repute amongst the Godly in Yorkshire A Master-builder in Gods House If any shall not relish and taste the sweetness of it he will thereby make it appear that his Palate is much out of tune For to a real Christian it must needs be very welcom Let not our ignorance of the Author hinder us from buying and reading of it but let us consider that it is recommended to us by one who well knowes him Mr. Edw. Bowles Mininster at York and who is well-known to the world and in whose judgment we may safely confide The subject matter of this discourse is to shew how Jesus Christ who is the fountain of all blessedness volutarily submitted himself to be made a curse not onely accursed but a curse to Redeem us from the curse of the Law due to our sins And that this may not seem a riddle or a Paradox you must know that Christ Jesus may be considered 2 wayes 1. As he was the Sonne of God 1 Pet. 2.24 2. As our surety bearing our sins in his body upon the Cross In the first respect he was alwaies the well-beloved Sonne of God in whome he is well-pleased But as he was our Representative in this respect he underwent the wrath of God and the curse of the law due to us not due to him simply Mâ—tt 3.17 but due to us and born by him as our surety The hatred was against us and our sins God never hated his Sonne But yet as he stood in our stead and was made sin for us who knew no sin he suffered the effects of Gods hatred even the puishment due to our sins 2 Cor. 5.21 And whereas the Socinians and those who are against Christs Soule-sufferings say That Christ is therefore onely said to be made a curse because he suffred the bodily death of the Cross which by the law was a cursed way of dying and this they say is evident by what the Apostle addes in the latter end of the curse for it is written Gal 3.13 Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree This is notoriously false as appears 1. Because that curse which Christ redeemed us from that curse Christ was made or else the Apostle had not reasoned soundly in saying Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law being made a curse for us That curse which Christ redeemed us from that curse he was made But Christ redeemed us from the corporal spiritual and eternal curse And therefore such a curse he was made secundum aequipollentiam though not secundum omnimodam Identitatem Jesus Christ for our sins suffered so much of the curse of the law as was possible D. Willet and necessary for him to suffer And as a learned man saith he suffred all such pains of hell which were neither dishonourable to his person nor defiling to his nature nor obstructive to the works of Redemption 2. The bodily death of Christ upon the Cross is brought in by the Apostle as one very well saith not as the formal reason of the Curse Calovâ—us in his Socinismus profligatus but onely as a signe and declaration of it The Curse did not precisely consist in the death of the cross neither were they that were hung upon a Tree therefore accursed because hung upon a Tree but the hanging on the Tree was a signe they were accursed as Hierome excellently Hier. upon Galat. 3.13 Non quicunque pependerit in ligno maledictus coram Deo sed qui propter scoelus suspensus Not every one that hangeth on a Tree is cursed of God but he that hangeth there for his sinne If Haman had prevailed for the hanging of innocent Mordecah upon the gallowes he should not have stood accursed Wherefore it was not the death of the Cross but our sinnes hanging upon the Cross that derived this curse upon Christ. This is evident by the very words of Moses quoted by the Apostle Deut. 21.22 23. If a man hath committed a sinne worthy of death and he be to be put to death and thou hang him on a Tree his body shall not remain c. By which words it appeares That it was not so much the kinde of death as the desert of death which made it ignominious It was our sinnes hanging with Christ upon the Cross which made the same an accursed death Adde what Moses saith Deut. 21.23 He that is hanged is accursed of God But now no death is in it self more ignominious then another before God 3. The shame thereof is external and concerneth men Ergo the Curse was not onely nor especially in the shamefulness of the death The ordinary gloss thus noteth upon the words Non est hoc in contumelia Domini quid mirum si maledictus dicitur a Deo qui habet in se quod Deus odit id est peccatum This redoundeth not to the reproach of God for what marveil if he be said to be accursed of God in 3 Gal. that
stroak of that curse which of right belongs to us so that it lies not now any longer on the backs of poor sinners but on him for them and in their stead therefore he is called a surety Heb. 7.22 the surety stands in the room of a debtor malefactor or him that is any way obnoxious to the Law such is Adam and all his posterity we are by the doom of the Law evil doers transgressors and upon that score we stand indebted to the justice of God and lie vnder the stroke of his wrath Now the Lord Jesus seeing us in this condition he steps in and stands between us and the blow yea he takes this wrath and curse off from us unto himself he stands not onely or meerly after the manner of a surety among men in the case of debt for here the surety indeed enters bond with the principal for the payment of the debt but yet he expects that the debtor should not put him to it but that he should discharge the debt himself he onely stands as a back-set of good security No Christ Jesus doth not expect that we should pay the debt our selves but he takes it wholly to himself as a surety for a murtherer or traitor or some other notorious malefactor that hath broken prison and is run away he lies by it body for body state for state and undergoes whatsoever the malefactor is chargeable withall for satisfying the Law even so the Lord Jesus stands surety for us runnagate malefactors making himself liable to all that curse which belongs to us that he might both answer the Law fully and bring us back again to God As the first Adam stood in the room of all mankind fallen 1 Pet. 3.18 so Christ the second Adam stands in the room of all mankind which is to be restored he sustains the person of all those which do spiritually descend from him and unto whom he beares the relation of an head But to open it yet more fully I conceive that to this making of him a curse for us these three things do concur 1. His taking upon him the nature of man which is both sinfull and accursed the children were partakers of flesh and blood and he also took part of the same Heb. 2.14 he came in the likeness of sinfull and therefore of accursed flesh Rom. 8.3 he took upon him the nature not of this or that particular man as Abraham David Peter or any other but the nature of mankind in general even that self-same nature that sinned and is therefore accursed It was not a similitude or shadow of flesh or a meer shew of being a man but truly really sensibly flesh or manhood as himself avouched to his Disciples after his resurrection bidding them handle him that they might be satisfied that it was not a spirit which they saw but the very same true body which he had before Luk. 24.39 The Word or second Person in Trinity took the nature of man into the unity of his person that it might dwell and have its subsistence in the Godhead onely John 1.14 2. The real imputation of our sin or the guilt of our sin to him Isa 53.6 He was made sin for us even he which knew no sin 2 Cor. 5.21 All the sins of the Elect were charged upon him both original and actual and he had them all by imputation without any inherence of sin in him at all he had no sin of his own neither of nature nor practice for he was conceived by the overshadowing of the Holy Ghost and so was born holy Luk. 1.35 And besides had the guilt but of one even the smallest personal sin been upon his soul it would have utterly disabled him from the work of his Mediatorship Heb. 7.26 yet he had the sins of others the sin of the world was laid at his door as if it had been his own he was numbred with the transgressors Mar. 15.28 Isaiah 53.12 Luk. 22.37 And thus the Lord looked upon him as a sinner upon our account If this had not been so how could either death have been justly inflicted upon him or his merit have been imputed unto us This must be Luthers meaning when he saith Christ was the greatest sinner he was Manasseh that Idolater David that adulterer Peter that denier of his Master c. to wit by imputation onely he being made sin for them as the Apostle speaks 3. An actuall undergoing and suffering the wrath of God and the fearful effects thereof in the punishments threatned in the law As he became a debtor and was so accounted even so he made payment thereof he was made a sacrifice for sin and bare to the full all that ever divine justice did or could require even the uttermost extent of the curse of the Law of God He must thus undergo the curse because he had taken upon him our sin The justice of the most high God revealed in the Law looks upon the Lord Jesus as a sinner because he hath undertaken for us and seizeth upon him accordingly pouring down on his head that curse and those punishments which are threatened in it against sin for the curse followeth sin as the shadow the body whether it be sin inherent or sin imputed even as the blessing follows righteousness whether it be righteousness inherent or righteousness imputed The Scripture is very clear and full in holding forth this as the main part of the curse it was prophesied of long before Isa 53.4 5. c. he was stricken or smitten and this striking was even unto wounding and this wounding was accompanied with bruising And because all our iniquities in the punishments of them met in him as all rivers in one sea all arrows in one butt all the Regiments of an Army in one place of rendezvous therefore he was oppressed for he was brought forth as a Lamb to the slaughter in his humiliation his judgment was taken away Acts 8.33 yea he was cut off from the Land of the living It was also fore-typified and represented by many sorts of Sacrifices in the Law 1 Cor. 5 7. All those Prophecies and types were accomplished in him he told his disciples often in the days of his flesh that he must suffer many things and so he did see Heb. 9.26 28. He hath appeared once in the end of the world to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself and He was once offered to bear the sins of many All this suffering is comprehended in that sentence Gen. 2.17 In the day that thou eatest thou shalt die this was the punishment which Divine Justice did award against sin therefore this he must suffer But because the main sâ—â—ess and as it were the very dregs of this bitter cup lies here it may be worth our labour to consider it a little more particularly and that 1. In the preparation thereunto 2. In the main brunt it self 1. There was a preparation to it by many smaller and
their breathing in the air treading on the earth and the like common favours are the fruits of Redemption Every Son and daughter of Adam is beholding to the grace of the Redeemer for their very lives and their reprival from the damnation of hell yea were it not for this the whole world might probably have been turned into a Chaos again It 's certain that this great visible fabrick with all the creatures in it both living and liveless Sun Moon Starres Elements Plants c. is subject to vanitie God hath subjected it in his just judgement for man's Apostasie So that it lies under the bondage of corruption the creatures have lost much of their beauty and virtue they are forced to do service to the servants of sin Matth. 5.45 The good things of the earth are put to bad uses 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mundi partium in ea summus est consensus quod omnes una finem istorum malorum expectant Beza and imployed to the dishonour of the Creator Hos 2.8 under this heavy burthen they sigh yea they travel in pain and that together with joynt consent earnestly exspecting an end of these evils which shall be at the day of the general judgement when all things shall be restored Acts 3.21 and the children of God shall be possessed of full redemption The creature was made for man and as it became a sharer with him in the bondage of corruption so it shall be also according to its capacity in his deliverance and glorious liberty to come Rom. 8.19 20 c. How this shall be by what means and in what manner it is not easie to determine Some think by a total abolition of the substance and if it cease to be it ceases to be under bondage The most say by an alteration of qualities it shall be so changed as it shall seem to be not the same but another and the Scripture tells us that the heavens and earth that are now are reserved to be burnt with fire 2 Pet. 3.7.10 which say they So some expound Job 14.12 see Caryl on that text at large is meant of their purgation not their annihilation Howsoever it be for the manner the thing is without question the creature shall be delivered Now this priviledg flowes from the Redemption wrought by Christ For 1. As it was man's sin that brought the curse upon the creature so the taking away of the sin of man is the taking of the curse from the creature even as the restoring of a Traitor is the restoring of all that depends upon him 2. The present Liberty and glory of the sonnes of God is an effect of Redemption therefore so is the Liberty and glory which the creature shall enjoy with them this being an appurtenance to that and as the shadow to the body It behoves us to take notice of this for our selves It should sadden our hearts when we consider that the Creature fares worse through our Apostasie and yet it may rejoyce us that it fares better by our recovery But I have dwelt too long on the use of Information I shall therefore dismiss it and proceed to another CHAP. VII Use 3. Sect. 1. Consolation against sinnes old and new severally 3. THe Lords Redeemed may with joy draw up cordial waters of Consolation out of this well of salvation The former use hath afforded us much matter of refreshing having sent forth sundry crystal streames of comfort to make glad the city of our God Yet there is moee behinde The main Conclusion Isa 12.3 that Christ hath ransomed us from the curse by becoming a curse for us is a solid ground of consolation to poor sinners against sundry distempers or annoyances whereunto they are subject in this life as 1. Against sinne which may be considered 1. as it was in there old estate of bondage 2. as it is now in their restored condition 1. For the former The humbled soul looking back upon his old slavery under sin may conceive cause of discouragement by sundry aggravations of it which will present themselves unto him But the right understanding of this truth will afford him help against them I observe especially four 1. The greatness and heynousness of his sinnes in particular Oh saith he were mine iniquities of an ordinary size I could have hope but alas they are mighty ones like the great mountains some of them are of a deep die crying crimson scarlet sinnes outragious miscarriages they are gone over my head and reach up to the heavens But oh poor soul dost thou think that thy sinnes can be greater than Christs satisfaction or that he took upon him the curse of small sinnes Dicat terra redempta sanguine Magna iniquitas mea sed maâ—or est redemptio tua Aug. 2 King 21.1 2 c. 16. and not of great ones Assuredly this is a mighty redemption a great salvation God made his power wonderfull in the work of Creation and he makes his mercy as wonderfull in this work of new creation Art thou a greater sinner then Manasseh Read his story where the Holy Ghost points him out in his black and ugly colours and tell me if thou didst ever hear of such a monster yet the fruit of this Redemption reached even unto him for upon his humiliation the Lord was intreated of him 2 Chron. 33.12 13. thy greatest sinnes are finite but the merit of Christ's redemption is infinite If some mountains were removed and hurled into the great Ocean it would swallow them up that they could not be seen So the Sea of Christs bloud will drown the huge mountains of thy iniquities Though thy sinnes be as scarlet thy Redeemer will make them white as snow though they be red like crimson they shall be as wool Isa 1.18 Oh then never lay the weight of thy guilt in the balance with Christs satisfaction never fear that that will overweigh this Thy surety hath made thy peace for the greatest as well as the smallest faults He was charged with thy most heinous crimes that thou mightest be delivered from the curse of them 2. The multitude and numerousnes of them Though I have not committed such greisly enormous sinnes as some others have done yet I have made that up in the number which is wanting in weight my transgressions are manifold yea innumerable more than the haires of mine head Psal 40.12 or the sands that are on the sea shore Be it so But dost thou think that they are more than Christs merits Hath he born in his body and made satisfaction for all the sinnes of all the Elect from Adam to the last man on earth and dost thou fear thy sinnes are so very many that this satisfaction cannot reach to take them away The Apostle comparing the guilt of the first sin with the free gift by Christ gives the preheminence to this in that the former brought condemnation for one but this latter brings justification for many offences Rom. 5.16 and
in Religion and in common conversation which they kept on foot from father to son as things of necessity and helps to holiness as standing by themselves in the Synagogue to pray by themselves Luke 18.11 that they might not be defiled by being near to sinners washing their hands to their very elbows lest some uncleanness had crept beyond the wrests before they eat washing of cups and tables and many other things in a superstitious imitation of their predecessors From this vain conversation they were redeemed by the blood of Christ and the grace of the Gospel taught them not onely to abandon the lusts of their former ignorance and the apparent breaches of the Law but also those foolish and unsavoury traditions Wilt thou now bring thy state and wayes to this Touchstone Thou hopest that thou art redeemed but canst thou shew us these tokens this resolution and endeavour Hast thou learned to cast away thy old iniquities Dost thou feel really a separation betwixt thy soul and thy formerly beloved sin If not thou deceivest thy self But observe further there be sundry by courses too usual not onely with the men of the world but those also that profess Religion some clearly sinful others at least groundless and unprofitable as communicating onely or necessarily at Easter coming to the Sacrament fasting as more holy dropping down to prayer in the Assembly in time of publick worship idle and unnecessary meeting in the Ale-house to drink shots for good-fellowship mixt dancing garish attire curious dressings flaring long haire Doing one ill turn for another Mat. 5 38 â—9 So did they and so do we these and the like practices are at the best but so many parcels of a vain conversation and if thy soul have truly tasted the sweetness of this precious benefit thou canst freely let them fall both out of thine heart and hands and say unto them Get you hence If thou hast no minde to part with them but holdest them fast and stretchest thy wit to plead for them I feare thou hast yet no portion in this benefit Sect. 3. Other three marks of interest in Redemption 4. SEparation from the world from the earth from men They are not of the world even as their Redeemer is not of the world Joh. 17.14 St. Paul doth solemnly profess that the world was crucified to him 1 Ioh. 5.4 and he to the world by the Cross of Jesus Christ Gal. 6.14 Those hundred forty four thousand which stood on Mount Sion with the Lamb are redeemed from the earth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and from among men Rev. 14.3 4. They are partakers of the Divine nature and so escape the corruption that is in the world through lust 2 Pet. 1.4 They are more excellent than their neighbours Prov. 12.26 Their designes desires delights aimes are higher than the earth they aspire above it On the contrary those that abide in their sin have their portion in this life Psal 17.14 And its one bad property of the enemies of the Cross of Christ that they minde earthly things Phil. 3.19 What saith thy heart to this Art thou carried up above the world Doth the earth and the things of it seem mean and base and vile in thine eyes Art thou in the frame and carriage of thy soul above the common pitch and scantling of the sons of men So that thou thinkest not willest not affectest not as they do but goest in an higher orbe thy conversation is more in heaven than in earth Phil. 3.20 This is a sweet evidence of a redeemed soul But art thou a friend to the world Is it thy Darling Do the profits pleasures Iam. 4.4 contentments of it allure and prevaile with thee to fall down and worship them and to devote thy self to their service Is the earth thine element Do the things of this life take up thy thoughts thy cares thy imployments so that thou art even drowned in them and thou hast not an heart that can savour things of a better life Dost thou walk as a man Are thy words actions aimes like thy neighbours Are they no better nor higher than other mens Why then it seems thou art still in thine old bondage 5. Walking in and after the Spirit The walk of the natural man who is the Devills bond-slave is in and after the flesh The corrupt wisdome of the old man which is enmity to God Rom. 8.7 is his light and the will thereof is the very life of his soul He hath neither light nor life within him available to salvation the instinct and dictatings of his fallen nature carry him on in his whole course But when the grace of Redemption is brought home to the soul and the Son hath set him free then the Spirit of the Son who of a slave hath made him a Son doth animate act lead and guide him all along in the residue of his conversation according to that remarkable promise Ezek. 36.27 and the Apostles grave Aphorisme Rom. 8.14 The flesh abiding in him will be still lusting against the Spirit and drawing him out of his way but his frame bent desire and constant endeavour is to be at the direction and appointment of the Spirit in all his wayes He looks upon the flesh as a very bad guide and not to be trusted therefore if at any time he be misled by it when he perceives it he turns away from it with sorrow for his folly It is the Spirit of God which he chuseth for his guide unto it speaking in the word he repairs continually for counsel and resignes himself up to follow it in all things This is the signal evidence which the Apostle gives of those that are freed from condemation by Jesus Christ and he makes it out upon this ground Because the Law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath freed them from the law of sin and death Rom. 8.1 2 3. When the Angel of the Lord had rowsed up Peter in the prison and caused the chaines to fall off from his hands he gave him a command to follow him Peter being now set at liberty goes after him from one place to another Act. 12.7 8. c. Even so when the Spirit of God hath loosed a sinner from his bonds by setling upon him the benefit of Redemption he is then fit and ready to walk after the same Spirit from one stage of duty to another As in Ezekiels Vision the Spirit that was in living creatures acted the wheels to go when they went and to stand when they stood Ezek. 1.19 20 21. So the members of Christ are carried on by the breathings of his Spirit dwelling in them in all their wayes But take notice that it is not a private spirit but the Spirit of God speaking in the word not a spirit opposed to the Scriptures but the Spirit speaking in the Scriptures which is the Guide whom the Redeemed follow The word of God revealed in them is the breathing and voice of
wrath And verse 34. he complains thus my soul is exceeding sorrowfull or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Crux anto crucem 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 beset round with sorrow unto death So Luke comprehends all this in one word calling it an agony Luke 22.44 where he also describes it by the effects both that it put him upon more than ordinary vehemency and as it were more outstretchedness in prayer which the Apostle expresseth by strong crying and tears Hebr. 5.7 and also that it caused him to sweat as it were great drops of blood trickling downe to the ground 2. On the cross here was the main blow he bare our sins on the tree 1 Pet. 2.24 here the wrath of Almighty God lay on his soul in the whole weight of it Now the justice of God musters all his forces and gathers together all his regiments to fall upon Christ with his whole army as if he would rout him at once He descended into hell I mean not locally into the place of the damned for after death his body went down to the grave and was locally there for the space of three days and his soul went into paradice that is into heaven the place of bliss and glory as Luke 23.43 but onely virtually and effectively in that being Mediator and standing in our stead he did even while he was on the cross before he gave up the ghost undergo those hellish pains and sorrows in his soul which were due to us for sin The Lord took him and plunged him into the sea of his wrath all the waves and billows of it came rouling over his head and he sunk down into the very depths of death The Prophet Jonah being in the belly of the whale was a type of Christ both in his corporal and spiritual death therefore those things may truly be applied to his soul-sufferings which he complains of John 2.3 4 c. the extremity whereof forced him to cry out with a loud voice Why hast thou forsaken me Matth. 27.46 even as Jonah had said long before I am cast out of thy sight Jon. 2.4 To conclude this Christ on the cross hath the fury of the battel poured down upon him so that he bare the very heat and burden of it here he drank up the very dregs and bitterness of the cup even to the bottom Sect. 2. Some usefull observations tending to clear it further FRom all these particulars we may observe onely as by the way these three things 1. That the sufferings of Christ were not seeming and in shew onely but real and indeed 2. That the bodily sufferings and death of Christ were not sufficient to satisfie for the sins of the world but he must also undergo the sufferings and death of the soul For the proper seat and subject of sin is the soul not the body which is but as the souls shop using it as the Smith doth his hammer and anvile therefore if he had not suffered in soul the plaister had been narrower than the sore 3. That the sufferings of the soul were not barely mediate or by consent from the body as sympathizing onely with it but proper and immediate The soul is the first and principal in sin the body but the instrument It is most agreeable to justice that the principal should be rather deeper in the punishment than the instrument which holds not here if the body suffer immediately and the soul onely by sympathy Doubtless that same wrath of God those terrors and torments of hell for the substance of them fell down-right upon the soul of Christ which sinners should and reprobates must endure in their souls for sin Yet still this must be understood 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in such a way as suits with the dignity of the person suffering there was a mitigation or abatement in his soul-sufferings from the rigour which the damned shall be put to in three particulars 1. In the place of suffering this is but a circumstance in the business hell the place of the damned is no part of the debt therefore neither is suffering there locally any part of the payment of it no more than a prison is any part of an earthly debt or of the payment of it The surety may satisfie the creditor in the place appointed for payment or in the open court which being done the debtor and surety both are acquitted that they need not go to prison if either of them goe to prison it is because they do not or cannot pay the debt for all that justice requires is to satisfie the debt to the which the prison is meerly extrinsecal even so the justice of God cannot be satisfied for the transgression of his Law but by the death of the sinner but it doth not require that this should be done in the place of the damned The wicked goe to prison because they do not they cannot make satisfaction otherwise Christ having fully discharged the debt needed not to go to prison 2. In the time of continuance the damned must bear the wrath of God to all eternity because they can never satisfie the justice of God for sin therefore they must lie by it world without end but Christ hath made an infinite satisfaction in a finite time by undergoing that fierce battel with the wrath of God and getting the victory in a few hours which is equivalent to the creatures bearing it and grapling with it everlastingly The lenth or shortness of durance is but a circumstance not of any necessary consideration in this case Suppose a man indebted 100 l. and likely to lie in prison till he shall pay it yet utterly unable if another man comes and lays down the money on two hours warning is not this as well or better done That which may be done to as good or better purpose in a short time what need is there to draw it out at length The justice of the Law did not require that either the sinner or his surety should suffer the eternity of hells torments Non aeternitatem sed duntaxat extremitatem but onely their extremity It doth abundantly counterpoise the eternity of the punishment that the person which suffered was the eternal God Besides it was impossible that he should be detained under the sorrows of death Act. 2.24 and if he had been so detained then he had not spoiled Principalities and Powers nor triumphed over them but had been overcome and so had not attained his end 3. In a companion of the pains of the second death unavoidably attending it in reprobates to wit desperation an utter hopelesnesse of any good a certain expectation and waiting on the worst that can befall I shall not enter into a dispute whether the despair of the damned in hell be properly a sin ot not there be good Divines both ancient and modern that hold the negative which to me seemes most probable not so much from that ground on which they go that there is no sin
bear the curse my self and for ought I see it will presse me down to hell But stay a little and consider Christ is made a curse for sinners which are under the curse of the Law thou art one of this unhappy number thou seest and bewaylest thy woful condition and abhorrest thy self Wherefore then doest thou not own this and take it home and say Christ is made a curse even for me If thou wert oppressed See 1 Tâ—m 1.15 16. overburthened with debt Creditors coming in on every side so that thou couldest not tell which way to turne thee no remedy but to prison Suppose now a man of very great wealth should offer himself to be thy Surety to satisfie all for thee were it not great folly in thee to refuse him and to say I have not deserved such favour or to distrust him and to say I cannot beleeve that he will do it Or suppose thou wert a Traitor to the supreme Magistrate convicted condemned if his Son should undertake for thee and yeeld up himself to justice in thy stead Were it not madness in thee to reject him especially if thou shouldest understand that this is done not onely by the Fathers consent but also by his appointment and approbation Poor sinner this is thy case Thou art this Debtor this Traitor and therefore under the curse Jesus Christ is made a curse for thee even by the appointment of his Father he comes to take it off from thee and to lay it upon himself Wilt thou now put him from thee and say This cannot be he will never do this for me and the rather pause a while and resolve to give him leave to take it If thou be wise thou wilt not stay long in the place of the breaking forth of children Hos 13.3 Thou art in darkness here is a glympse of light thou art in prison there is a door of hope to escape The curse is too heavy for thee Christ is willing to ease thee of it Do not thou keep it to thy self to be swallowed up by it but let thine eye be towards him Look upon him as made sin and curse for thee and upon this ground dispute for thy soul thus Hath he indeed become a curse for me Why then there is hope I may escape it 2. And if we can take down this truth so as to make account that he is made a curse for us in particular then we may look on our selves as engaged upon this score to the practice of a necessary duty If the Lord Jesus did not stick to be made a curse for us then should not we be unwilling to be made a curse for him The onely begotten Son of God blessed for ever did abase himself he became a worm for us the reproach of men and contempt of the people Psal 22.6 7. he was despised reviled abused yea scorned spitted on and trodden under foot for us and shall we thinke it too much to suffer those things for him he was content to undergo the displeasure the wrath yea the curse of the most high God for our sakes and shall we the sorry sons and daughters of the earth the right heirs of the curse refuse or shrink to undergo the displeasure the wrath the curse of man for his sake Oh no let us lie down at his feet let us lay our bodies as the ground Isa 51.23 and as the street to them that go over let us submit to become any thing for Christ let us not be evil doers but if we be so accounted and be put to suffer as evil doers let us bear it patiently we should be ready to meet in the mid-way and cheerfully to imbrace the greatest injuries the foullest indignities which the devil or man can possibly heap upon us either for Christ and his testimony or with Christ in the prosecution and maintenance of any good cause wherein the Lord calleth us to appear Let not all the black-mouthed curses that hell it self can invent knock us off from well-doing or discourage us in the work of the Lord Jesus Whatsoever the work is let it suffice us if he accept us and be glorified Take my brethren the Apostles and Saints of God in times past for your examples herein 1 Cor. 4 9-13 I think saith S. Paul speaking of himself and his fellows that God hath set forth us as it were men appointed to death we are fools weak despised for Christs sake we are made as the filth of the world and the off-scouring of all things For thy sake I have born reproach saith David Psal 69.7 yea for thy sake are we killed all the day long saith the Church Psal 44.22 which the Apostle applies to himself Rom. 8.36 Mind well that serious exhortation Act. 5.41 and the ground from whence it is inferred Hebr. 13.11 12 13. As the bodies of those beasts whose blood was offered for the expiation of sin were burnt without the camp Lev. 6.27 Lev. 4.11 12 21. so Jesus also that he might sanctifie the people with his own blood suffered without the gate Thus the Lord Jesus submitted to the curse for us what must we do now for him Why even go forth unto him without the camp bearing his reproach He went out of the city and bare his own cross to Golgotha Jo. 19.17 We must with Simon the Cyrenean bear it after him Luk. 23.26 We must deny our selves take up our cross and follow him Mat. 16.24 If we hate not all even our own lives for him he disclaims us from being his Disciples Luk. 14.26 27. yea our spirits should be all on a flame within us in affectionate desires of the glory of Christ so that we should be content even to be accursed from Christ Vide Zanch. de Nat. Dei l. 5. c. 3. at least in the loss and forgoing of our share in eternal blessedness for the further enlargement of his kingdom in the salvation of many This was the mind of holy Paul Rom. 9.3 and it should be our mind also Those nice and delicate Christians which look for every mans blessing and good word which cannot endure a frowning brow an harsh word or an ill turn for Christ but they are ready to faint in their minds and to cast off all do requite the Lord Jesus very badly who endured such contradiction of sinners yea the cross it self for them Heb. 12.2 3. Jer. 12 5. If running with footmen weary you how will you keep pace with horses If some sprinklings and dashings of rain water in a fair day of prosperity do so disquiet you that you are ready to sit down and desert your Saviour then how will you do in the swelling of Jordan when not onely the rain falls but the floods come and the windes blow and the storms of persecution assaile you on every side threatening your utter overthrow Oh then what will you say to bonds and fetters to the dungeon and little-ease to racks and
of their own Tenents or the answering of Objections brought against them they do generally turn aside from the usuall and received signification of the words and offer violence to the Text to make it speak what they please For to touch a little on the 4 ends before-mentioned To the first Where doth the Scripture make the confirmationâ— of his Doctrine the professed adequate end of his sufferings He saith indeed that he came into the world that he might bear witness to the truth but this most properly belongs to his prophetical office Jo. 18. â—7 whereas his death belongs to his priesthood and besides his miracles served more peculiarly for the confirmation of his doctrine To the second Christ had power to forgive sinnes even while he lived on earth Mat. 9.6 and exercised that power frequently There was therefore no absolute necessity of his death for the purchasing of a priviledge which he had in possession already although it was necessary for the satisfying of Justice Jâ—h 10.28 17.2 He died to purchase for sinners a right to recâ—iv â—ot for himself a power to give them eternal life that mercie might have a free course to give out pardons which otherwise could not be To the Third It is credible that the death of Christ and such a death as it was in all the circumstances of it should be able to perswade sinners to that faith and hope nay rather it should be the ready way to diswade and knock them off Luke 21.21 To the Fourth it is granted as a secondary subordinate end 1 Pet. 2.21 Nec humilâ—tatis exempla nec charitatis insignia praeter Redemptionis sacramentum sâ—nt aliquid Bern. but doth not take away the other which is the chiefe and principal These two accord well hee dyed to satisfie for our sins and he dyed to to leave us an example of patience and obedience Great is the example of his humility and of his charity but they have no foundation to rest upon if there be no redemption But to go no further than the Text. There be three expressions which they wrest for the supporting and maintenance of their Errour 1 He was made a curse True say they as he was made sinne 2 Cor. 5.21 that is hee was judged by men to be a sinner and he was used accordingly so he was accounted a cursed man and therefore was sentenced to suffer a bodily death on the Cross which was a death proper to an accursed person But this falls short for God saith the Apostle made him to be sin and consequently a curse for us Man was no more but an instrument sinfully acting what God had holily purposed and Christs voluntarily undertaken Besides the Text which is here cited from Moses Deut. 21.23 runs thus He that is hanged is the curse of God or a curse unto God which being applied to Christ can import no less than this that God laid upon him our sin and the punishment due unto it by the doom of his righteous Law that the pleasure of the Lord might be executed upon him for answering whatsoever the Law could exact Nostra causa nostro bono Ut a peccatis retrahamur Nostra vâ—ce nostro loco 2 He was made a curse for us yea say they for us that is for our cause on our behalf for our good and so he gave himself he dyed for our sins that is our sins were the occasion of his death and he died that we might be drawn back from sin We yeeld all this but is there no more Yes assuredly We say for us that is in our room and stead who should else have born the curse in our own persons and for our sins to wit as the foregoing meriting cause thereof and that satisfaction being made to justice the curse might not fall on our heads The Greek word which is most frequently used in this argument 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and is rendred for although sometimes it be put to note no more So Rom. 5.7 but the good or profit of another yet it signifies also in anothers stead and in some places cannot be fitly taken otherwise as 2 Cor. 5.14 If one dyed for all then were all dead which implies plainly that the death of that One was in stead of the death of All. And when the Apostle saith 1 Cor. 13. Was Paul crucified for you Thereby denying it he must mean that he was not crucified in their stead for he professeth elsewhere that he suffered for the Church and for the Elects sake that is for their spiritual benefit as Col. 1.24 2 Tim. 2.10 But to put all out of doubt 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Scripture sometimes makes use of another word which signifies commutation or exchange or being in the place or room of another and must necessarily be so taken when it s applied to this business as Matth. 20.28 1 Tim. 2.6 He bare the curse and gave himself a ransome in our stead 3 Hereby he hath redeemed us from the curse Being made a curse for us he brought us out of the hands of the curse so that God was moved hereby to set us free from the guilt and punishment of our sin Here they bring two things to darken the clear truth 1 That the terme of Redemption Apud Grot. in defens c. 8. must be taken improperly for a deliverance without price or satisfaction such as that of the Children of Israel from Egypt whom God redeemed by the hand of Moses yet he paid no price nor gave in consideration either by death or otherwise for the compassing of it To this we say when the Scripture makes Redemption the effect of Christs bearing the curse of his suffering death of the shedding of his blood c. it can signifie no less than redemption in propriety of speech that is the freeing of poor sinners from the stroak of justice by giving due satisfaction This high extraordinary cause should in all reason produce a nobler effect than such a loose and frozen gloss gives to it Yea how doth this derogate from the worth of that glorious benefit to say it comes at so cheap a rate As for the redeeming of Israel by Moses although it was a type of our redemption by Christ yet wee know that the type and thing typified do not answer one another in all things Christ and Moses are compared as Redeemers but with a vast difference both as to the nature of the thing and the special means by which it was effected That of Moses was onely corporal from the servitude of the body This of Christ is chiefly spiritual from the bondage of eternal death Therefore there was no need that Moses should dye for them and if he had as it could have been no way effectual to their spiritual deliverance so it might probably have been rather destructive to their temporal freedome But Christ our Redeemer must necessarily dye for us else no possibility of
imputing of righteousness go together as it appears by the Apostles explication of the Prophet David's meaning Psal 32.1 2. Romans 4.6 7 8. God sees no iniquitie in Jacob and when the sins of Judah are sought for they shall not be found Jer. 50.20 understand this not in regard of the inordinacie and blameableness of the acts nor yet simply in reference to the just desert of sin considered in it self for these are of the very nature of sin and cannot be separated from it but in respect of the particular guilt and punishment of those persons which being taken away they do thereupon stand right in the Court of heaven We see it here in Courts below if nothing come in against a man if there be no accuser he is quit and stands as innocent in point of Law as if he had not been questioned So when Christ hath by his satisfaction disabled the Law from giving in any evidence against the poor sinner he then is absolved and stands clear before the great Judg when the Lord hath found a ransome then he doth not onely say Deliver the sinner but he shews unto him his uprightness that is he makes him partaker of the righteousness of Christ Iob 33.23 24. c. and so looks upon him as righteous through his satisfaction This was one end why the Lord made Christ sin for us 2 Cor. 5 21. Let the poor convinced soul take notice of this also Thou feelest much guilt on the spirit thou groanest under it and fearest damnation but here is thine acquittance When the poor woman's accusers were slunk away Christ said to her Woman hath no man condemned thee neither do I John 8.10 11. so saith the Lord to thee See poor soul the Law saith nothing against thee the mouth of thine accusers are stopp'd none can condemn thee neither will I yea thou mayest make the same challenge that the Apostle make's Who shall lay any thing to my charge God justifies c. Rom. 8.33 34. Sect. 3. Other four benefits flowing from Redemption 4. Adoption by Creation we were the sons of God we bare his image as a son bears the image of his father Luke 3.38 but yielding to Sathan's temptation and affecting a new fancied Divinity we fell from God lost the title and dignitie of sons forfeited all our birth-right and made our selves no better then the bratts of hell But the son of God manifested in the flesh hath not onely washed off our sin in the guilt and curse due to us but hath restored us to the dignity of children This was one of those high ends which the Lord had in his eye when he sent him in that humbled posture to redeem us it was that we might receive the adoption of sonnes Gal. 4.4 5. The Apostle Paul reckoning up eight several honours which God had conferred upon the people of the Jews wherein they excelled all other nations he sett's adoption first as the most eminent Rom. 9.4 according to that Exod. 4.22 Israel is my son even my first born This being but an external dignity to continue for a time till the partition wall should be broken down was a shadow and resemblance of that Gospel-honour which we have by the work of Redemption even the right or dignity to be the sons of God Jo. 1.12 the Congregation of the first born Heb. 12.23 and if children then heirs yea joint heirs with Christ Rom. 8.17 for being now in Christ and made partakers of his righteousness we have fellowship also with him in his Sonship Gal. 3.26 This is a fruit of the abundant grace of Christ and an high advance of the work of Redemption applied If the Lord be pleased to have pity on base runagate prodigalls he might have bought us out into the condition of hired servants that had been favour far beyond expectation But to adopt us into his family Luk. 15.19 22 23. Dignitas quaedam sablimis Ames to kill the fatted calf for us to put upon us the best robe to set us at his table and to grace us with the honour of sonnes yea heirs of God a better estate than Adam lost what an high dignity is this behold what manner of Love the Father hath bestowed on us and admire it 1 Jo. 3.1 2. Indeed it doth not yet appear what we shall be our happiness lyes under a cloud vailed from the eyes of the world and in a great part from our selves also but yet we are even here the Lord's first born and the glory of this condition shall one day be revealed in despite of hell and the world Judge not your selves miserable because your neighbours so account you but know that your Redeemer hath purchased your enfranchisement and now the Lord takes you for his sonnes and daughters never to be disinherited or cast out any more 5. Sanctification The first Adam having wantonly engaged in a rebellion against his Maker did thereby not onely implunge himself and all his into the gulf of Gods curse but also forfeit that matchless Jewel of his Image which was infinitely too good to be prosticuted to his inordinate lust Whence followes a wofull change in our natures by a depravation of the whole frame of our soules in all the powers of them and making us like unto Sathan So that now we are every way dead as to our spiritual estate both by sin in the loss of God's favour which is better then life and in sin by the loss of that conformity to him which once we enjoyed But our great redeemer frees us from this death also by Sanctification This was one end of Christs giving himself for the Church that he might sanctifie and cleanse it Eph. 5.25 26. his death hath a soveraign vertue to work the death of sin as his life hath to work the life of righteousness Rom. 6.4 5 6. He is made of God to us Sanctification 1 Cor. 1.30 and now as there is no condemnation to them that are in Christ so they are set free from the Law of sin and death by that law of the spirit of life which is in Christ and all this ariseth from God's sending him to condemn sin in the flesh Rom. 8.1 2 3. Christ was put to death in the flesh and for a requital he puts to death the flesh that is the body of sin in us The law laid the Curse upon him and he having borne it turn's it upon the Law of sin which is in our members and blasts that rotten stump saying to it as once he said to the unprofitable fig-tree Let no fruit grow on thee henceforth for ever Matth. 21.19 and seting a new plant of holiness in the soul to bring forth fruit unto God Indeed we see it not yet fully done but the Curse is gone out against the old man and he is wasting and shall be utterly destroyed in time Let the Lords people see their happiness in this also Poor soul thou cryest out unclean unclean I
c. and in that Prayer which he put up so solemnly before his passion he makes requests for those that should beleeve hereafter Joh. 17.20.21 Non humiliter supplicando quasi genibus flexis sed gloriose representande c. Ames Medul l. 1. c. 23. And what he did on earth he doth much more in heaven although not in the same manner but in such a way as agrees to a glorified estate not by falling down on his knees in humble supplications but by presenting his sufferings with the satisfaction and merit of them and procuring at the hands of his Father the actual application of them to poor sinners for their conversion and salvation according to that Psal 2.8 Ask of me and I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance c. It was by vertue of his prayer on the Cross that so many thousands were brought in as the first fruits immediately after his Ascention and it is by vertue of his intercession in heaven that the whole harvest of the Elect shall be brought in also in all succeeding generations 2 For those that are actually made partakers of this grace of Redemption He appears continually before God to plead their cause Aaron had a brestplate of Judgement wherein were set twelve precious stones with the names of the twelve Tribes of the Children of Israel engraven upon them that he might bear them upon his heart when he went into the holy place for a memorial before the Lord Exod. 28 15.-29 So our Lord Jesus the High Priest of our profession hath the names of all his redeemed people as signets on his heart and presents them continually to his Father in heaven that upon the account of his All-sufficient Sacrifice offered for them he may perswade and prevaile with him for all necessary supplies of grace in all their concernments to continue them in their reconciled condition to give them daily strength to obey him to issue out pardons for their daily slips 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In opposition to Satan who is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Rev. 12.10 1 Joh. 2.1 2. He that is our Propitiation is also our Advocate with the Father and to hold them close to him so that not one of them shall perish but they shall all arrive at the happy haven of eternal glory All this was prefigured in the Law The High-priest having first offered a Goat for the whole Congregation of Israel must come the same day into the Holy of Holies and bring the blood with him and sprinkle it on and before the Mercy-seat withall burning Incense that a cloud might arise and cover it that by thus doing on one solemn day every year he might make an Attonement for all their sins Lev. 16.15 16 -33 34. Even so Jesus Christ our High-Priest having given up himself a sacrifice for the sins of the world and thereby obtained eternal Redemption entered into heaven and there appears with his blood to make Intercession through the merit of it for guilty sinners sprinkling their consciences with it to purge them from dead works Heb. 9 12.-14 to render them accepted by the Incense of his prayers and to manage the whole business of their salvation to the end Christ our Surety carries the price of our Redemption to heaven and renders it in his Fathers house See here righteous Father saith he this is the ransome for lost Man-kinde I have brought the full summe my will is that it shall be effectual both to deliver those that are still captives and to bring those home thou hast given me infallibly to salvation Thus ouâ— redemption by Christ becoming a Curse for us was not onely fully satisfactory to justice 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A savour of rest Gen. 8.21 Numb 28.2 but also an offering and sacrifice of a sweet smelling savour Eph. 5.2 Oh what an happiness is this Dear heart thou hast a fast friend in the Court who is both able and willing to look to thy cause and to follow thy business that it shall not miscarry thou needest not fear but he will save thee to the uttermost Heb. 7.25 4 Our Redeemer hath purchased of his Father the gift of his holy Spirit that he may bestow it on all the Elect Having purchased it by hâ—s passion he conveyes it by his intercession Ioh. 14.16 and thereby both fetch them in and carry them on in the state of grace The Apostle acquaints us with this priviledge also in the 14. verse following God sent his Son to redeem us that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith Christ in his Sermon at Nazareth applies to himself that notable Prophesie which is set down Isa 61.1 2. concerning his anointing and sending to heal the broken-hearted and to set at liberty them that are bruised ascribing this to the Spirit Luke 4.18.21 The Redeemer coming out of Zion shall not onely turn away ungodliness from Jacob but convey unto them his Spirit which shal never be taken away from them Isa 29.20 21. The Lord promiseth to put his Spirit on the Messiah his Servant that he may bring forth judgement unto victory Isa 42.1 2. c. which was fulfilled in part Matth. 12.17 18 c. Christ promiseth the Apostles to send the Spirit of Truth from the Father to testifie of him Joh. 15.26 and that even for the conversion of those that hated him as vers 24. Yea he shall convince the world of sin righteousness and judgement Joh. 16.8 c. shewing them the things which he receives from Christ and so glorifying him vers 14. They that are freed from condemnation by Christ coming in the flesh have the Spirit of God dwelling in them Rom. 8.1 2 9. for all necessary supplies in the way of salvation to teach them all things Joh. 14.26 to soften their hearts and to inable them to obey Ezek. 11.19 20. to change them into the image of the Lords glory 2 Cor. 3.18 to frame them to the affections of children and to stir up in them groans of prayer Rom. 8.26 27. Gal. 4.6 to witness with their spirits their adoption As Christ is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to plead for us with God in heaven so the Spirit is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to plead for Christ with us on earth Ioh. 14.16 Rom. 8.16 to be a seal and earnest of their inheritance untill the day of final Redemption Eph. 1.13 14. and to raise up their mortal bodies at the last day Rom. 8.11 Oh admirable priviledge Judge in your selves If a King having ransomed a company of his subjects from Turkish slavery should send to every one of them a Noble-man to be alwayes near them were not this an incredible favour And if Jesus Christ the King of Saints should send a glorified Saint or a good Angel to abide with his redeemed people what an honour were it But if he should give his Spirit to be our Keeper Comforter Leader yea our All under himself