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any_o law_n for_o all_o case_n of_o conscience_n as_o be_v above_o say_v include_v only_o be_v this_o thing_n lawful_a or_o not_o and_o the_o law_n the_o only_a rule_n by_o which_o we_o can_v judge_v of_o the_o lawfulness_n and_o vnlawfulness_n of_o any_o thing_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o he_o who_o in_o these_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o their_o nature_n and_o obligation_n can_v never_o reasonable_o assure_v himself_o or_o any_o querist_n of_o the_o lawfulness_n or_o vnlawfulness_n of_o any_o action_n in_o particular_a this_o be_v the_o judgement_n and_o advice_n of_o that_o pious_a and_o learned_a prelate_n the_o truth_n and_o benefit_n of_o which_o our_o reverend_a author_n and_o his_o worthy_a successor_n have_v by_o a_o long_a and_o happy_a experience_n find_v he_o tell_v his_o friend_n that_o he_o think_v he_o can_v not_o without_o ingratitude_n to_o he_o and_o want_v of_o charity_n to_o other_o conceal_v it_o and_o so_o with_o a_o compliment_n of_o modesty_n he_o conclude_v his_o letter_n which_o be_v date_v london_n may_v the_o 10_o 1678._o a_o letter_n give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o his_o clergy_n address_v to_o k._n james_n sir_n i_o receive_v you_o and_o with_o my_o love_n and_o service_n return_v my_o thanks_o for_o our_o address_n which_o you_o mention_v many_o of_o the_o clergy_n have_v be_v solicit_v by_o letter_n from_o your_o great_a town_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o subscribe_v it_o and_o i_o have_v have_v two_o or_o three_o letter_n send_v i_o incognito_o no_o name_n subscribe_v to_o these_o letter_n wherein_o they_o zealous_o declaim_v against_o that_o address_n and_o all_o subscription_n to_o it_o but_o do_v bring_v nothing_o like_o a_o reason_n to_o prove_v that_o such_o subscription_n be_v either_o unlawful_a or_o circumstance_n consider_v imprudent_a or_o inconvenient_a i_o be_v late_o inform_v by_o a_o person_n
a_o private_a testimony_n in_o some_o particular_a inferior_a court_n of_o justice_n but_o present_v public_o first_o to_o their_o king_n and_o then_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n in_o print_n 7._o and_o last_o that_o they_o witness_v against_o person_n that_o live_v among_o they_o and_o who_o daily_a conversation_n they_o can_v not_o but_o know_v and_o be_v proper_a witness_n of_o and_o consequent_o that_o protestant_n have_v no_o reason_n to_o doubt_v they_o to_o be_v real_o such_o person_n as_o by_o such_o grave_a and_o authentic_a testimony_n they_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v upon_o consideration_n of_o which_o premise_n and_o of_o the_o principle_n person_n and_o encouragement_n the_o jesuit_n have_v to_o attempt_v the_o destruction_n of_o all_o protestant_n both_o prince_n and_o people_n the_o advice_n of_o the_o spanish_a university_n seem_v very_o reasonable_a to_o our_o prefacer_n viz._n that_o all_o person_n ought_v to_o beware_v of_o they_o and_o avoid_v they_o to_o which_o he_o add_v and_o to_o banish_v and_o chase_v they_o too_o out_o of_o all_o protestant_a country_n for_o that_o as_o mournful_a experience_n have_v show_v it_o be_v moral_o impossible_a protestant_n shall_v enjoy_v any_o secure_a peace_n or_o safety_n where_o any_o such_o restless_a encourage_v and_o resolute_a malicious_a spirit_n be_v suffer_v to_o harbour_v but_o beside_o these_o encouragement_n peculiar_a to_o jesuit_n there_o be_v more_o and_o great_a encouragement_n still_o common_a to_o they_o and_o all_o of_o the_o popish_a communion_n to_o animate_v they_o to_o design_n and_o attempt_v the_o ruin_n and_o extirpation_n of_o all_o pretend_a heretic_n especial_o protestant_n and_o their_o religion_n who_o they_o esteem_v the_o most_o dangerous_a enemy_n of_o their_o mistake_a and_o superstitious_a novelty_n for_o that_o pope_n innocent_a iii_o with_o his_o general_a council_n promise_v those_o soldier_n who_o take_v up_o the_o badge_n of_o the_o cross_n to_o fight_v against_o and_o utter_o to_o destroy_v all_o pretend_a heretic_n like_o so_o many_o amalekite_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n be_v therefore_o call_v crusado_n or_o cruse_n signati_fw-la the_o same_o heretic_n same_o council_n lateran_n 4._o ann._n 1215._o cap._n 3._o of_o heretic_n privilege_n before_o grant_v to_o those_o that_o go_v out_o against_o the_o turk_n and_o saracen_n to_o re-conqu_a the_o holy-land_n which_o be_v chief_o two_o viz._n 1_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o council_n grant_v they_o a_o plenary_a pardon_n and_o indulgence_n of_o all_o their_o sin_n while_o they_o live_v as_o appear_v in_o tâ—e_v bull_n of_o innocent_a iii_o give_v at_o rome_n with_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o council_n the_o 19_o of_o the_o calends_o of_o january_n or_o the_o 13_o of_o december_n insert_v in_o a_o collection_n of_o bull_n print_v at_o lion_n 1655._o pag._n 88_o and_o sect._n 17._o page_n 89._o tom._n 1._o 2._o they_o promise_v the_o say_a crusado_n not_o only_a heaven_n and_o its_o glory_n but_o a_o great_a portion_n in_o the_o reward_n due_a to_o the_o just_a than_o other_o man_n as_o appear_v ibid._n in_o the_o same_o bull._n where_o our_o r._n prefacer_n again_o entreat_v his_o reader_n to_o consider_v the_o follow_a particular_n remarkable_a in_o the_o premise_n viz._n 1._o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o reward_n which_o be_v no_o less_o than_o grace_n here_o and_o glory_n hereafter_o 2._o who_o make_v promise_n of_o all_o this_o viz._n the_o pope_n and_o a_o general_n council_n by_o they_o receive_v 3._o the_o certainty_n they_o have_v of_o enjoy_v the_o effect_n of_o those_o promise_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o strong_a conceit_n they_o have_v of_o the_o supreme_a authority_n and_o infallibility_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o council_n who_o make_v they_o 4._o that_o assurance_n they_o have_v that_o the_o murder_v of_o heretic_n be_v at_o least_o innocent_a and_o lawful_a because_o so_o glorious_a a_o reward_n be_v propose_v for_o it_o by_o such_o a_o authority_n which_o they_o can_v think_v capable_a of_o so_o great_a a_o error_n and_o impiety_n as_o to_o promise_v heaven_n to_o such_o action_n as_o deserve_v nothing_o but_o hell_n and_o damnation_n 5._o that_o though_o many_o thing_n be_v lawful_a which_o be_v not_o necessary_a no_o nor_o at_o all_o expedient_a neither_o in_o some_o peculiar_a place_n and_o circumstance_n yet_o this_o destroy_n of_o heretic_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n be_v according_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o papist_n not_o only_o lawful_a but_o a_o necessary_a duty_n which_o they_o can_v omit_v to_o do_v when_o require_v upon_o pain_n of_o excommunication_n and_o of_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o sword_n of_o they_o who_o will_v be_v more_o cruel_o obedient_a than_o themselves_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o say_a pope_n innocent_a and_o his_o abovenamed_a general_n council_n see_v council_n late_a 4._o dict._n can._n 3._o whereby_o all_o governor_n whether_o supreme_a or_o subordinate_a ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a be_v oblige_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o heretic_n or_o at_o least_o all_o those_o that_o shall_v be_v mark_v out_o to_o they_o by_o the_o church_n for_o such_o out_o of_o the_o place_n of_o their_o respective_a dominion_n and_o jurisdictsons_n and_o that_o if_o they_o do_v not_o speedy_o put_v his_o christian_a and_o dovelike_a decree_n in_o execution_n upon_o the_o first_o admonition_n that_o their_o subject_n shall_v be_v discharge_v by_o the_o pope_n from_o all_o obedience_n and_o their_o dominion_n give_v away_o to_o they_o that_o shall_v promise_v to_o be_v bloody_a enough_o to_o obey_v the_o pope_n and_o that_o decree_n to_o the_o full_a extent_n of_o severity_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o same_o council_n can._n 3._o so_o that_o by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o prove_v our_o prefacer_n affirm_v that_o it_o appear_v to_o he_o and_o as_o he_o suppose_v will_n to_o many_o other_o very_a plain_n that_o the_o murder_v of_o protestant_a prince_n and_o subject_n who_o be_v at_o rome_n declare_v and_o repute_v heretic_n be_v not_o only_o 1._o a_o lawful_a action_n but_o a_o necessary_a duty_n in_o that_o church_n opinion_n at_o least_o in_o some_o particular_a case_n and_o time_n though_o it_o just_o appear_v to_o all_o other_o a_o black_a and_o damn_v sin_n 2._o and_o such_o a_o meritorious_a duty_n deserve_v both_o remission_n oâ—_n sin_v here_o and_o increase_v of_o gloryâ—fterwards_o â—fterwards_z 3._o and_o that_o the_o actor_n of_o such_o holy_a tragedy_n be_v assure_v not_o to_o be_v brand_v for_o murder_n but_o to_o be_v canonise_v for_o glorious_a martyr_n in_o their_o romish_a calendar_n and_o perhaps_o honour_v with_o shrine_n and_o incense_n in_o their_o church_n and_o how_o powerful_a incitement_n such_o doctrine_n hearty_o believe_v may_v be_v to_o those_o that_o believe_v they_o to_o the_o contrive_n or_o execute_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o villainy_n against_o protestant_a prince_n state_n and_o people_n he_o warm_o tell_v we_o past_a time_n have_v be_v and_o unless_o providence_n prevent_v future_a time_n may_v be_v rueful_a witness_n but_o be_v it_o how_o it_o will_v he_o conclude_v that_o gunpowder-conspiracy_n or_o any_o other_o traitorous_a and_o inhuman_a method_n of_o cut_v off_o any_o christian_n and_o much_o less_o prince_n indictâ_fw-la causâ_fw-la can_v be_v no_o just_a mean_n to_o obtain_v forgiveness_n of_o sin_n or_o the_o glorious_a crown_n of_o martyrdom_n that_o traitor_n may_v be_v murderer_n but_o can_v never_o be_v martyr_n and_o that_o such_o hellish_a actor_n as_o their_o church_n encourage_v and_o pretend_v to_o sanctify_v may_v be_v a_o roman_a but_o can_v never_o be_v a_o christian_a way_n to_o glory_n whatever_o gloss_n the_o pope_n and_o his_o party_n put_v upon_o such_o barbarous_a exploit_n however_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v proceed_v he_o but_o that_o those_o who_o be_v possess_v with_o a_o delusion_n strong_a enough_o to_o believe_v the_o pope_n and_o council_n infallibility_n as_o all_o papist_n true_o so_o call_v be_v oblige_v to_o do_v will_v always_o be_v dispose_v to_o design_n and_o attempt_v the_o destruction_n of_o all_o heretic_n and_o of_o protestant_n above_o all_o whether_o prince_n or_o people_n by_o army_n open_a war_n and_o rebellion_n when_o they_o be_v strong_a enough_o or_o by_o private_a conspiracy_n by_o gunpowder_n sword_n poison_n or_o any_o other_o pernicious_a mean_n whatsoever_o when_o they_o want_v a_o military_a power_n as_o he_o hope_v they_o always_o will_v and_o that_o god_n will_v likewise_o as_o he_o have_v do_v hitherto_o continual_o detect_v and_o defeat_v all_o their_o private_a plot_n though_o never_o so_o dark_o contrive_v and_o sure_o lay_v and_o continue_v to_o his_o church_n among_o we_o that_o protection_n and_o to_o its_o enemy_n that_o confusion_n he_o have_v hitherto_o do_v and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o suffer_v we_o to_o be_v guilty_a of_o such_o ingratitude_n and_o stiffness_n in_o our_o
the_o damn_a possess_v and_o this_o will_v seem_v very_o plausible_a if_o not_o infallible_o true_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o follow_v reason_n reason_n i._o that_o state_n or_o condition_n must_v be_v the_o better_a and_o in_o conformity_n to_o right_a reason_n more_o eligible_a in_o which_o there_o be_v no_o liableness_n to_o the_o wrath_n and_o anger_n of_o god_n than_o that_o which_o be_v inevitable_o follow_v with_o the_o everlasting_a wrath_n and_o displeasure_n of_o the_o almighty_a for_o ever_o abide_v upon_o those_o who_o be_v place_v in_o it_o but_o he_o who_o be_v annihilate_v can_v be_v the_o object_n of_o god_n s_o wrath_n since_o it_o can_v display_v itself_o upon_o a_o non_fw-fr entity_n whereas_o the_o divine_a wrath_n do_v for_o ever_o abide_v upon_o those_o who_o be_v eternal_o torment_v therefore_o annihilation_n be_v preferable_a to_o damnation_n this_o proposition_n will_v appear_v yet_o more_o evident_a if_o we_o remember_v that_o as_o god_n love_n and_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o he_o the_o necessary_a consequent_a of_o the_o former_a be_v the_o great_a good_a that_o a_o creature_n be_v capable_a of_o so_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n and_o the_o want_n of_o that_o fruition_n be_v the_o great_a evil_n that_o a_o rational_a creature_n can_v be_v affect_v withal_o wherefore_o i_o form_n my_o argument_n thus_o if_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n and_o the_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o he_o which_o necessary_o follow_v on_o the_o former_a be_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o evil_n that_o a_o creature_n can_v be_v obnoxious_a unto_o than_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o eternal_a wrath_n of_o god_n for_o there_o be_v no_o good_a that_o the_o creature_n thus_o circumstantiate_v can_v possess_v which_o shall_v be_v equivalent_a to_o this_o evil_a since_o the_o chief_a good_a which_o only_o can_v counterpoise_v the_o great_a evil_n be_v incompatible_a with_o the_o high_a evil_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o subject_n since_o therefore_o the_o damn_a be_v in_o perpetual_a subjection_n to_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n and_o consequent_o arrive_v at_o the_o high_a pitch_n of_o misery_n and_o since_o what_o goâ—d_v they_o in_o this_o condition_n enjoy_v be_v mix_v with_o so_o much_o evil_n that_o it_o can_v be_v the_o chief_a good_a it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v and_o free_v from_o that_o great_a evil_n than_o to_o be_v eteâ—naly_o damn_v and_o endure_v that_o extreâ—itâ—_n oâ—_n misery_n though_o accompany_v with_o a_o small_a and_o far_o less_o considerable_a good_a reason_n ii_o that_o state_n or_o condition_n whiâ—h_o be_v sinless_a be_v more_o reasonable_o to_o be_v choose_v than_o that_o in_o which_o the_o creature_n be_v still_o spiteful_o blaspheme_v against_o god_n and_o malicious_o hate_v he_o but_o he_o who_o be_v annihilate_v sin_v not_o neither_o indeed_o can_v he_o since_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o law_n as_o be_v a_o nâ—n_n ens_fw-la for_o the_o law_n be_v obligatory_a upon_o none_o but_o such_o as_o be_v rational_a creature_n and_o he_o who_o be_v annihilate_v be_v not_o of_o that_o nature_n wherefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o he_o shall_v be_v guilty_a of_o sin_n whereas_o the_o damn_a who_o undergo_v the_o eternal_a punishment_n be_v still_o sin_v against_o god_n in_o a_o hideous_a manner_n as_o aquarius_n do_v express_o prove_v out_o of_o aquinas_n in_o addit_fw-la ad_fw-la capreol_n in_o 4._o do_v 50._o &_o bassol_n ibid._n q._n 1._o &_o bonav_n art_n 1._o q._n 1_o 2._o and_o several_a other_o durandus_fw-la in_o 4._o do_v â—6_n q._n 5._o prove_v plain_o that_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n it_o be_v more_o eligible_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o sin_n and_o anselm_n lib._n â—ur_n deus_fw-la homo_fw-la debemus_fw-la potius_fw-la uâ—lle_fw-la mundum_fw-la uniâ—ersum_fw-la annihilari_fw-la quam_fw-la aliquid_fw-la â—â—eri_fw-la contra_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la dei_fw-la we_o shall_v rather_o wish_v that_o the_o whole_a universe_n be_v annihilate_v than_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v contrary_a to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n doubt_n there_o be_v only_o one_o scruple_n against_o this_o proposition_n which_o deserve_v our_o consideration_n and_o it_o be_v this_o if_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o be_v damn_v because_o the_o annihilate_v be_v free_a from_o sin_v against_o god_n and_o the_o damn_a be_v not_o then_o for_o the_o same_o reâ—son_n it_o shall_v be_v more_o eligible_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o live_v here_o in_o this_o world_n since_o the_o annihilate_v sin_n not_o but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o low_a world_n be_v daily_a provoke_a god_n with_o their_o repeat_v and_o heinous_a trespass_n so_o that_o it_o will_v seem_v better_o after_o this_o method_n of_o reason_v to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o live_v upon_o earth_n but_o this_o be_v absurd_a ergo_fw-la &_o illud_fw-la ex_fw-la quo_fw-la sequitur_fw-la answ_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o give_v a_o satisfactory_a answer_n to_o this_o objection_n in_o a_o very_a few_o word_n and_o 1._o i_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o parallel_a similitude_n of_o reason_n betwixt_o the_o antecedent_n and_o consequent_a for_o although_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o while_o we_o live_v here_o we_o be_v defile_v with_o many_o sinful_a spot_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o follow_v that_o therefore_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o live_v here_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o though_o in_o this_o life_n we_o commit_v many_o trespass_n against_o god_n yet_o sincere_a repentance_n for_o the_o same_o which_o be_v our_o duty_n can_v procure_v the_o the_o restitution_n of_o god_n lose_a favour_n and_o countenance_n and_o so_o purge_v and_o cleanse_v we_o from_o our_o pollute_a transgression_n that_o afterward_o we_o may_v live_v a_o life_n more_o innocent_a and_o blameless_a to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o the_o eternal_a welfare_n of_o our_o own_o soul_n but_o the_o damn_a who_o be_v already_o at_o their_o journey_n end_n be_v in_o a_o unchangeable_a and_o last_a condition_n and_o their_o will_n be_v immutable_o fix_v upon_o evil_a and_o that_o continual_o for_o 1._o as_o the_o will_n of_o the_o glorify_a be_v immutable_o good_a so_o those_o of_o the_o damn_a be_v unchangeable_o evil_a 2._o without_o the_o enable_v grace_n of_o god_n no_o man_n will_n can_v be_v morral_o and_o proper_o good_a but_o the_o damn_a neither_o have_v nor_o hope_n for_o sanctify_a grace_n in_o their_o heart_n each_o of_o they_o outvy_v one_o another_o in_o spew_v out_o their_o venomous_a and_o spiteful_a malice_n against_o their_o creator_n and_o this_o the_o schoolman_n general_o approve_v aquin._n count_v gent._n lib._n 4._o cap._n 93._o ibid._n ferrariensis_n and_o aquin._n in_o 4._o do_v 50._o q._n 2._o art_n 1._o aquar_n in_o addit_fw-la ad_fw-la capre_n in_o 4._o do_v 50._o concl._n 1._o upon_o all_o which_o i_o conclude_v my_o last_o reason_n to_o be_v still_o firm_a and_o valid_a for_o the_o prove_v my_o assertion_n viz._n that_o condition_n be_v reasonable_o more_o eligible_a in_o which_o there_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v no_o sin_n than_o that_o which_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o creature_n be_v so_o unchangeable_o bind_v up_o to_o and_o steadfast_o establish_v in_o exert_v eternal_a malice_n against_o god_n that_o it_o can_v but_o sin_n but_o the_o annihilate_v neither_o do_v nor_o can_v sin_n and_o the_o damn_v can_v abstain_v from_o sin_v therefore_o the_o state_n of_o the_o former_a be_v more_o eligible_a than_o that_o of_o the_o latter_a reason_n iii_o that_o be_v or_o essence_n which_o the_o damn_a enjoy_v be_v not_o indulge_v they_o for_o any_o good_a but_o for_o a_o subject_n and_o foundation_n of_o eternal_a torment_n so_o that_o in_o conformity_n to_o right_a reason_n it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v no_o be_v at_o all_o than_o to_o possess_v it_o only_o in_o order_n to_o be_v thereby_o render_v capable_a subject_n of_o infinite_a and_o insupportable_a tormnt_n and_o fit_a object_n of_o the_o eternal_a vengeance_n of_o the_o almighty_a who_o will_v not_o rather_o wish_v to_o have_v no_o tongue_n at_o all_o than_o to_o have_v it_o as_o dives_n in_o the_o parable_n for_o no_o other_o end_n than_o to_o be_v in_o everlasting_a torment_a pain_n reason_n iv_o that_o must_v be_v the_o great_a evil_n which_o destroy_v the_o great_a good_a for_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o evil_n must_v still_o be_v esteem_v by_o the_o value_n of_o its_o opposite_a good_a so_o blindness_n be_v a_o less_o evil_a than_o infidelity_n because_o the_o good_a of_o which_o infidelity_n be_v a_o privation_n viz._n faith_n be_v a_o great_a good_a and_o more_o valuable_a than_o see_v which_o be_v the_o opposite_a of_o blindness_n this_o be_v but_o a_o natural_a faculty_n whereas_o the_o other_o be_v a_o supernatural_a and_o divine_a gift_n but_o damnation_n overthrow_v a_o great_a good_a than_o
thereupon_o or_o because_o of_o the_o punishment_n of_o loss_n or_o sense_n inflict_v on_o the_o sinner_n for_o the_o same_o or_o last_o because_o of_o the_o sin_n itself_o which_o consider_v by_o itself_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n now_o which_o so_o ever_o of_o these_o durandus_fw-la choose_v he_o will_v be_v at_o a_o loss_n for_o 1._o if_o he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n to_o sin_n than_o to_o be_v annihilate_v because_o of_o the_o offence_n do_v to_o god_n then_o say_v i_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o be_v damn_v because_o god_n be_v offend_v at_o and_o continual_o wroth_a with_o the_o damn_a for_o if_o the_o offence_n do_v unto_o god_n make_v sin_n a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n then_o in_o like_a manner_n shall_v the_o offence_n do_v unto_o god_n by_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o damn_a and_o the_o displeasure_n of_o god_n hang_v perpetual_o over_o their_o head_n for_o the_o same_o make_v damnation_n a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n which_o according_a to_o durandus_n principle_n be_v absurd_a 2._o if_o he_o say_v that_o sin_n be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n because_o of_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n that_o have_v follow_v thereupon_o then_o by_o the_o same_o analogy_n of_o reason_n it_o shall_v follow_v that_o damnation_n be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n because_o of_o the_o burn_a hot_a furnace_n of_o god_n wrath_n which_o have_v already_o overtake_v the_o damn_a and_o shall_v for_o ever_o endure_v against_o they_o 3._o if_o he_o say_v that_o sin_n be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n because_o of_o the_o punishment_n inflict_v on_o the_o sinner_n for_o the_o same_o then_o damnation_n be_v for_o the_o same_o very_a reason_n a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n for_o if_o any_o kind_n of_o punishment_n make_v sin_n a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n shall_v not_o that_o high_a degree_n of_o torment_n which_o the_o damn_a endure_v for_o ever_o much_o more_o oblige_v damnation_n to_o be_v worse_o than_o annihilation_n 4._o and_o last_o if_o he_o say_v that_o sin_n in_o itself_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n i_o accord_n unto_o the_o same_o but_o then_o i_o subsume_v if_o sin_n itself_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n than_o that_o punishment_n which_o the_o damn_a be_v afflict_v with_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o sin_n consider_v precise_o in_o itself_o must_v be_v likewise_o a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n now_o i_o prove_v that_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o damn_a be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o sin_n consider_v in_o itself_o because_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o evil_n be_v estimate_v by_o the_o value_n of_o the_o opposite_a good_a which_o it_o destroy_v but_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o wicked_a destroy_v a_o great_a good_a than_o sin_n do_v for_o sin_n consider_v formal_o in_o itself_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o privatio_fw-la rectitudinis_fw-la debitae_fw-la inesse_fw-la creaturae_fw-la the_o privation_n of_o that_o rectitude_n which_o be_v due_a unto_o the_o creature_n which_o be_v but_o a_o finite_a good_a whereas_o the_o punishment_n of_o loss_n inflict_v on_o the_o damn_a not_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o punishment_n of_o sense_n deprive_v the_o creature_n of_o the_o chief_a and_o infinite_a good_a viz._n the_o love_n of_o god_n and_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o he_o for_o ever_o and_o consequent_o be_v a_o great_a evil_n to_o the_o creature_n than_o sin_n consider_v in_o itself_o which_o be_v only_o the_o privation_n of_o a_o finite_a good_a so_o that_o after_o all_o it_o evident_o appear_v that_o if_o durandus_fw-la can_v make_v his_o assertion_n good_a that_o to_o be_v guilty_a of_o sin_v against_o god_n be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o annihilation_n he_o may_v easy_o perceive_v the_o truth_n of_o my_o assertion_n that_o to_o be_v damn_v be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o to_o be_v annihilate_v quod_fw-la erat_fw-la demonstrandum_fw-la and_o here_o to_o satisfy_v durandus_n fancy_n we_o shall_v abstract_n from_o the_o criminal_a and_o sinful_a part_n of_o the_o eternal_a punishment_n betide_v the_o wicked_a and_o shall_v only_o fix_v our_o thought_n on_o that_o malum_fw-la poenae_fw-la wherewithal_o god_n afflict_v they_o and_o then_o the_o state_n of_o the_o question_n shall_v be_v this_o if_o that_o malum_fw-la poenae_fw-la abstract_v from_o the_o malum_fw-la culpae_fw-la which_o the_o wicked_a be_v liable_a unto_o be_v so_o great_a a_o punishment_n that_o be_v be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o endure_v the_o same_o so_o that_o the_o question_n hang_v upon_o this_o if_o malum_fw-la poenae_fw-la be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o bonum_fw-la essentiae_fw-la be_v a_o good_a for_o if_o it_o be_v then_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v and_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o to_o be_v free_v from_o the_o great_a evil_n than_o to_o be_v damn_a and_o enjoy_v the_o small_a bonum_fw-la essentiae_fw-la follow_v with_o a_o great_a evil_n wherefore_o i_o here_o subjoin_v my_o last_o conclusion_n concl._n 7._o it_o be_v better_a and_o in_o conformity_n to_o right_a reason_n more_o eligible_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o undergo_v the_o evil_n of_o punishment_n though_o separate_v from_o the_o evil_n of_o sin_n that_o the_o damn_a be_v torment_v withal_o i_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n explain_v my_o conclusion_n and_o then_o prove_v it_o 1._o that_o evil_a of_o punishment_n which_o the_o wicked_a undergo_v may_v be_v consider_v two_o way_n 1._o as_o it_o flow_v from_o the_o will_n of_o god_n just_o ordain_v the_o wicked_a to_o undergo_v eternal_a punishment_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o damn_a person_n if_o he_o regulate_v his_o will_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o rectify_a reason_n can_v wish_v rather_o to_o be_v annihilate_v because_o he_o can_v reasonable_o wish_v the_o contrary_a of_o what_o god_n just_o will_v and_o ordain_v for_o if_o god_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o most_o exact_a justice_n will_v that_o they_o shall_v undergo_v eternal_a punishment_n they_o can_v just_o will_v to_o be_v annihilate_v and_o not_o to_o undergo_v this_o their_o just_a retribution_n as_o be_v prove_v by_o bonav_n in_o 4._o do_v 50._o q._n 2._o and_o jo._n maj._n in_o 4_o as_o also_o in_o do_v 50._o q._n 2._o 2._o this_o evil_a of_o punishment_n may_v be_v consider_v precise_o as_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o without_o respect_n to_o god_n appointment_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n it_o be_v more_o eligible_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o endure_v such_o inexpressible_a torment_n wherefore_o to_o gratify_v durandus_n curiosity_n we_o shall_v make_v the_o staâ—e_v of_o the_o question_n this_o viz._n if_o the_o evil_a of_o punishment_n when_o abstract_v both_o from_o the_o malum_fw-la culpae_fw-la and_o the_o divinâ—_n appointment_n about_o the_o undergo_n of_o the_o same_o be_v of_o itself_o so_o intolerable_a and_o hideous_o great_a that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o undergo_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o supposition_n that_o god_n shall_v allow_v the_o creature_n its_o free_a choice_n i_o assert_v that_o the_o evil_a of_o punishment_n be_v so_o very_o great_a that_o it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o person_n affect_v with_o the_o same_o to_o be_v annihilate_v than_o to_o continue_v in_o the_o endurance_n of_o it_o and_o this_o i_o prove_v reas_n 1._o because_o annihilation_n be_v the_o lesser_a evil_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v prefer_v i_o prove_v the_o antecedent_n because_o the_o bonum_fw-la essentiae_fw-la which_o the_o damn_a enjoy_v be_v a_o less_o good_a or_o minus_fw-la in_o ratione_fw-la boni_fw-la than_o the_o evil_n of_o punishment_n be_v in_o ratione_fw-la malâ—_n the_o reason_n be_v evident_a viz._n because_o every_o evil_n be_v estimate_v by_o the_o value_n of_o the_o good_a of_o which_o it_o be_v a_o privation_n but_o the_o evil_a of_o eternal_a punishment_n be_v the_o privation_n of_o a_o great_a good_a than_o bonum_fw-la essentiae_fw-la therefore_o the_o evil_n of_o eternal_a punishment_n be_v a_o great_a evil_n than_o the_o good_a of_o be_v be_v a_o good_a for_o the_o good_a of_o be_v be_v only_o a_o finite_a and_o create_v good_a whereas_o the_o good_a whereof_o the_o malum_fw-la poenae_fw-la be_v a_o privation_n be_v the_o fruition_n of_o god_n who_o be_v goodness_n in_o the_o abstract_n be_v the_o high_a infinite_a and_o increated_a good_a and_o since_o there_o can_v be_v no_o good_a so_o high_a as_o the_o high_a the_o good_a of_o essential_a being_n can_v be_v so_o great_a but_o if_o the_o good_a destroy_v by_o the_o evil_n of_o punishment_n be_v great_a than_o the_o bonum_fw-la essentiae_fw-la than_o this_o evil_n be_v great_a in_o genere_fw-la mali_fw-la than_o the_o bonum_fw-la essentiae_fw-la be_v in_o genere_fw-la boni_fw-la and_o consequent_o annihilation_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v choose_v than_o undergo_a the_o
which_o attend_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o be_v it_o that_o galen_n scoff_v and_o stout_n at_o moses_n for_o say_v many_o thing_n about_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o prove_v nothing_o and_o as_o to_o that_o say_n of_o the_o apostle_n we_o have_v sufficient_o show_v already_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o material_a truth_n may_v both_o be_v believe_v by_o faith_n and_o assent_v unto_o by_o natural_a reason_n and_o so_o may_v be_v invest_v with_o different_a denomination_n arise_v from_o the_o different_a motiva_fw-la upon_o which_o they_o be_v receive_v so_o that_o the_o existence_n of_o god_n be_v a_o object_n of_o natural_a knowledge_n as_o it_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o reason_n and_o be_v likewise_o a_o object_n of_o faith_n as_o be_v witness_v by_o a_o testimony_n clear_a than_o reason_n even_o the_o supernatural_a testimony_n of_o god_n upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v supernatural_a not_o as_o if_o the_o proposition_n itself_o do_v so_o far_o surpass_v the_o power_n of_o nature_n that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v compass_v and_o apprehend_v by_o the_o same_o but_o because_o the_o mean_a or_o motive_n by_o which_o it_o gain_v a_o assent_n be_v supernatural_a and_o the_o knowledge_n acquire_v by_o the_o same_o be_v more_o distinct_a and_o particular_o circumstantiate_a than_o what_o the_o more_o general_a and_o confuse_a natural_a reason_n can_v possible_o furnish_v we_o withal_o objection_n 5._o if_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n and_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o be_v so_o natural_o imprint_v on_o the_o spirit_n of_o all_o man_n than_o it_o can_v not_o be_v whole_o obliterated_a nay_o nor_o in_o the_o least_o diminish_v either_o by_o long_o inveterate_a custom_n or_o any_o other_o violent_a force_n for_o whatever_o be_v natural_a as_o descent_n be_v unto_o a_o stone_n let_v it_o be_v never_o so_o oft_o or_o so_o customary_o cast_v up_o and_o put_v out_o of_o its_o road_n yet_o it_o still_o return_v unto_o the_o same_o and_o can_v never_o forget_v its_o natural_a bias_n whereas_o we_o see_v the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o god_n in_o many_o man_n breast_n if_o not_o quite_o abolish_v yet_o very_o much_o deface_v what_o by_o evil_a company-keeping_a and_o what_o by_o a_o long_o contract_v habit_n and_o custom_n of_o sin_v but_o if_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n be_v natural_a no_o such_o thing_n can_v fall_v out_o ergo_fw-la etc._n etc._n answer_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o custom_n can_v change_v nature_n that_o be_v the_o natural_a inclination_n and_o propension_n of_o any_o thing_n such_o as_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o stone_n be_v but_o it_o may_v change_v and_o alter_v the_o natural_a act_n or_o the_o particular_a exertion_n of_o the_o propensive_a faculty_n as_o though_o custom_n can_v bereave_v a_o stone_n of_o its_o natural_a inclination_n and_o propensity_n to_o bend_v downward_o yet_o it_o may_v hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o what_o it_o be_v natural_o incline_v unto_o since_o a_o customary_a and_o oft_o cast_v it_o up_o hinder_v it_o to_o come_v down_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o natural_a understanding_n faculty_n whereby_o it_o evident_o see_v and_o be_v ascertain_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n be_v oft_o time_n hinder_v likewise_o but_o the_o hindrance_n that_o may_v occur_v unto_o these_o act_n executive_a of_o and_o flow_v from_o the_o natural_a inclination_n be_v twofold_a 1._o external_n and_o by_o these_o the_o natural_a act_n be_v many_o time_n impede_v as_o that_o physical_a act_n of_o the_o natural_a descent_n of_o a_o stone_n be_v oft_o time_n hinder_v by_o a_o supervenient_a physical_a impediment_n and_o the_o moral_a intellectual_a act_n of_o know_v the_o existence_n of_o god_n be_v oft_o time_n hinder_v by_o a_o moral_a impediment_n viz._n sin_n which_o will_v some_o time_n so_o over-cloud_n and_o blind_a the_o understanding_n that_o it_o can_v see_v or_o discern_v the_o clear_a truth_n even_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o that_o god_n who_o be_v truth_n itself_o 2._o internal_a or_o when_o the_o propensive_a faculty_n and_o inclination_n do_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n pursue_v the_o contrary_a of_o what_o it_o incline_v unto_o before_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o natural_a or_o physical_a inclination_n can_v be_v control_v in_o follow_v their_o natural_a pondus_fw-la because_o they_o be_v natural_o determine_v ad_fw-la vnum_fw-la can_v never_o be_v oblige_v from_o any_o intrinsic_a principle_n to_o run_v in_o the_o contrary_a channel_n but_o as_o for_o moral_a faculty_n which_o be_v only_o sway_v by_o moral_a not_o physical_a agent_n they_o be_v not_o endow_v with_o any_o such_o freedom_n from_o internal_a alterative_n of_o which_o we_o have_v too_o too_o palpable_a a_o testimony_n in_o our_o sad_a experience_n for_o though_o adam_n in_o the_o state_n of_o innocence_n be_v natural_o bend_v towards_o honestum_fw-la &_o verum_fw-la yet_o as_o soon_o as_o sin_n get_v hold_v of_o he_o he_o be_v not_o only_o hurry_v away_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o external_a stream_n but_o do_v willing_o and_o by_o a_o internal_a consent_n go_v along_o with_o the_o current_n and_o these_o executive_a act_n may_v indeed_o for_o the_o reason_n and_o in_o the_o case_n above_o assign_v be_v change_v by_o custom_n for_o custom_n can_v alter_v natural_a propension_n or_o inclination_n especial_o where_o they_o be_v pure_o natural_a that_o be_v without_o any_o cognition_n as_o the_o descent_n of_o a_o stone_n though_o the_o stone_n be_v hinder_v by_o external_a violence_n from_o the_o act_n of_o descend_v yet_o still_o it_o remain_v as_o the_o natural_a pondus_fw-la of_o it_o but_o as_o for_o those_o inclination_n and_o propensive_a faculty_n which_o be_v not_o so_o pure_o natural_a as_o be_v endow_v with_o knowledge_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v call_v natural_a too_o because_o it_o be_v as_o natural_a for_o the_o will_n of_o man_n to_o incline_v unto_o that_o which_o be_v good_a as_o for_o a_o stone_n to_o incline_v to_o its_o centre_n in_o these_o i_o say_v this_o axiom_n do_v not_o hold_v so_o extensive_o true_a as_o in_o the_o physical_a and_o more_o natural_a inclination_n for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o cast_v up_o a_o stone_n though_o never_o so_o frequent_o do_v not_o oblige_v it_o to_o forsake_v its_o natural_a propensity_n to_o come_v downward_o but_o in_o the_o moral_a and_o ethical_a inclination_n of_o man_n we_o find_v a_o habit_n and_o custom_n of_o sin_v have_v so_o far_o prevail_v upon_o we_o that_o we_o do_v not_o steer_v that_o course_n which_o natural_o we_o be_v addict_v unto_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o disparity_n of_o physical_a and_o moral_a inclination_n be_v because_o the_o former_a be_v semper_fw-la ad_fw-la unum_fw-la determinatae_fw-la and_o so_o can_v never_o be_v alter_v in_o their_o inclination_n but_o the_o latter_a viz._n moral_a inclination_n be_v more_o easy_o overcome_v because_o they_o be_v indulge_v a_o great_a liberty_n and_o be_v not_o by_o any_o necessitas_fw-la naturae_fw-la like_o the_o other_o bind_v up_o to_o any_o particular_a object_n indeed_o their_o general_a object_n be_v as_o invariable_a as_o that_o of_o a_o natural_a necessity_n for_o the_o will_n can_v by_o any_o custom_n whatsoever_o incline_v unto_o that_o which_o be_v not_o in_o general_a good_a nor_o can_v the_o intellect_n be_v persuade_v to_o assent_v unto_o that_o which_o be_v not_o in_o general_a true_a but_o in_o the_o more_o particular_a circumstance_n of_o their_o object_n they_o be_v oft_o time_n prevail_v upon_o by_o custom_n as_o the_o will_n may_v by_o a_o long_a and_o inveterate_a habit_n follow_v after_o that_o which_o be_v indebitum_fw-la bonum_fw-la and_o the_o intellect_n by_o prejudice_n or_o the_o imperium_fw-la of_o the_o will_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v oblige_v to_o give_v its_o assent_n unto_o that_o which_o be_v not_o in_o itself_o true_a but_o in_o the_o general_a the_o will_n must_v still_o follow_v what_o be_v apparent_o good_a and_o the_o intellect_n assent_v unto_o what_o be_v seem_o true_a for_o voluntas_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la appetere_fw-la malum_fw-la quà _fw-la malum_fw-la nor_o intellectus_fw-la assentire_fw-la falso_fw-la quà _fw-la falso_fw-la and_o if_o it_o shall_v here_o be_v question_v why_o the_o understanding_n shall_v be_v so_o oft_o deceive_v in_o these_o practical_a primary_n principle_n that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n and_o that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v worship_v whereas_o it_o be_v never_o deceive_v in_o in_o its_o speculative_a principle_n for_o no_o man_n ever_o doubt_v that_o totum_fw-la est_fw-la majus_fw-la suâ_fw-la parte_fw-la and_o impossibile_fw-it est_fw-la idem_fw-la esse_fw-la &_o non_fw-la esse_fw-la how_o come_v it_o therefore_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o ready_o and_o frequent_o impose_v upon_o by_o false_a practical_a principle_n i_o say_v if_o any_o such_o thing_n